tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effect of Air Pollution on Daily Mortality in Hong Kong
Authors: Chit-Ming Wong, Stefan Ma, Anthony Johnson Hedley, Tai-Hing Lam
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2001)

In different weather conditions, constituents and concentrations of pollutants, personal exposure, and biologic responses to air pollution may vary. In this study we assessed the effects of four air pollutants on mortality in both cool and warm seasons in Hong Kong, a subtropical city. Daily counts of mortality, due to all nonaccidental causes, and cardiovascular and respiratory diseases were modeled with daily pollutant concentrations [24-hr means for nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, and particulate matter < 10 microm in aerodynamic diameter (PM(10)); 8-hr mean for ozone]. using Poisson regression. We controlled for confounding factors by fitting the terms in models, in line with those recommended by the APHEA (Air Pollution and Health: a European Approach) protocol. Exposure-response relationships in warm and cool seasons were examined using generalized additive modeling. During the cool season, for a linear extrapolation of 10th-90th percentiles in the pollutant concentrations of all oxidant pollutants, NO(2), SO(2), and O(3), we found significant effects on all the mortality outcomes under study, with relative risks (RR) of 1.04-1.10 (p < 0.038, except p = 0.079 for SO(2) on respiratory mortality). We observed consistent positive exposure-response relationships during the cool season but not during the warm season. The effects of PM(10) were marginally significant (RR = 1.06; p = 0.054) for respiratory mortality but not for the other outcomes (p > 0.135). In this subtropical city, local air quality objectives should take into account that air pollution has stronger health effects during the cool rather than warm season and that oxidant pollutants are more important indicators of health effects than particulates.
Principles and Problems of Environmental Pollution of Groundwater Resources with Case Examples from Developing Countries
Authors: B. C. E. Egboka, G. I. Nwankwor, I. P. Orajaka, A. O. Ejiofor
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1989)

The principles and problems of environmental pollution and contamination are outlined. Emphasis is given to case examples from developing countries of Africa, Asia, and Latin America with a comparative analysis to developed countries. The problems of pollution/contamination are widespread in developed countries but are gradually spreading from the urban to rural areas in the developing countries. Great efforts in research and control programs to check pollution-loading into the environment have been made in the industrialized countries, but only negligible actions have been taken in developing countries. Pollutants emanate from both point and distributed sources and have adversely affected both surface water and groundwaters. The influences of the geologic and hydrologic cycles that exacerbate the incidences of pollution/contamination have not been well understood by environmental planners and managers. Professionals in the different areas of pollution control projects, particularly in developing countries, lack the integrated multiobjective approaches and techniques in problem solving. Such countries as Nigeria, Kenya, Brazil, and India are now menaced by pollution hazards. Appropriate methods of control are hereby suggested.
Salivary glands
Authors: N. D. Greyson
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1998)

Salivary gland scanning using 99mTc pertechnetate provides quantifiable, physiological images of the salivary gland, demonstrating morphology, function and drainage, analogous to that of a renal scan [1–3]. Gallium 67 citrate, or labelled white cells demonstrate active inflammation.
TOXICOLOGY AND MEDICAL JURISPRUDENCE.
Journal: JAMA (1884)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions: Clinical Cytopathology for Pathologists, 1985 Postgraduate Institute
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1984)

The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions: Clinical Cytopathology for Pathologists, 1985 Postgraduate Institute Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 73, Issue 3, September 1984, Page 771, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/73.3.771-a Published: 01 September 1984
Contaminant blood cultures and resource utilization. The true consequences of false-positive results
Authors: D. W. Bates
Journal: JAMA (1991)

To determine whether contaminant blood cultures increase resource utilization, we studied charge and length of stay data for episodes in which blood cultures were obtained from hospitalized adults. Compared with 1097 negative episodes, 94 false-positive episodes were associated with increased subsequent length of stay (median, 12.5 vs 8 days) and subsequent total charges (median, $13 116 vs $8731), pharmacy charges (median, $1456 vs $798), and laboratory charges (median, $2057 vs $1426). In multivariate analyses, contaminants were independently correlated with 20% and 39% increases in total subsequent laboratory charges and intravenous antibiotic charges, respectively. Thus, the true costs of contaminants may greatly exceed those of the test itself. Identifying patients at very low risk of bacteremia and attention to sterile technique may reduce costs by decreasing the frequency of contaminants. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1991;265:365-369)
Speaking the languages of medicine and culture
Authors: R. Voelker
Journal: JAMA (1995)

WHEN THE lines of poet Emma Lazarus were placed on the Statue of Liberty in New York harbor in 1883, welcoming the world's "huddled masses yearning to breathe free" seemed like a good deal for them and for the United States. Nearly 9 million people immigrated during that decade and the next. Just over 100 years ago the nation, entering its second century, still had plenty of room for newcomers. It preferred them young and healthy and strong, eager to work playing with railroads and stacking wheat and butchering hogs for the world, but there was so much to be done the country seemed to offer a chance for all. Naysayers, never totally absent when the immigration question was raised, were outvoted by those willing to trade economic opportunity for honest effort. As the now-restored arrival halls of Ellis Island attest, however, once the ocean was crossed some hurdles remained.
In Reply
Authors: Simone Mocellin, Donato Nitti
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

have excellent safety profiles and some of the highest response rates reported in the literature. [2]3][4] For example, in a recently published phase I trial of HAI FUDR combined with two different systemic oxaliplatin combinations, response rates of 87% and 90% were demonstrated in a group of patients in whom 90% had been previously treated.Furthermore, median survival times in the two treatment groups were 22 and 36 months from the time of HAI therapy and 35 and 47 months from the time of initial diagnosis of metastatic disease. 3 These are encouraging results found in a group of patients with limited effective systemic chemotherapy options.Although the era of HAI-based fluoropyrimidine therapy alone may have ended, the use of combination HAI and systemic chemotherapy is just beginning.The authors conclude that there is no support for HAI therapy alone, but this point is not emphasized, and the tone of the article is easily misconstrued to mean HAI therapy of any type.Current combinations of HAI and systemic chemotherapy have yielded some of the most promising data in this field and to suggest that the use and investigation of HAI chemotherapy are over is inappropriate.
"Aggravation Syndrome" During Steroid Therapy
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Table of contents
Authors: Małgorzata Kozłowska-Wojciechowska, Maria Jastrze ¸bska, Marek Naruszewicz, Anna Foltyn ´ska, Patricia Blackburn, ˆt Lamarche, Charles Couillard, Agne Pascot, Angelo Tremblay, Jean Bergeron, Isabelle Lemieux, Jean-Pierre Despre, Daniela Pasquali, Antonio Bellastella, Vittorio Colantuoni, Patrizia Vassallo, Giulio Bonavolonta, Valentina Rossi, Antonio Notaro, Antonio Sinisi, Walter Zawalich, Gregory Tesz, Kathleen Zawalich, Monika Cahova, Hana Vavrinkova, Milada Tutterova, Elen Meschisvilli, Ludmila Kazdova, Helena Santa-Clara, Bo Fernhall, Fa ´tima Baptista, Miguel Mendes, Luı ´s, Bettencourt Sardinha, Stephanie Gustavson, Makoto Nishizawa, Ben Farmer, Doss Neal, Marcela Brissova, Alvin Powers, Alan Cherrington, N Tentolouris, C Tsigos, D Perea, E Koukou, D Kyriaki, E Kitsou, S Daskas, Z Daifotis, K Makrilakis, S Raptis, N Katsilambros, Paolo Pauciullo, Alessandro Giannino, Mario De Michele, Marco Gentile, Rosario Liguori, Anagnostis Argiriou, Alessandra Carlotto, Fulvio Faccenda, Mario Mancini, M Bond, Vincenzo De Simone, Paolo Rubba, Ju ¨rgen Borlak, Robert Hermann, Katharina Erb, Thomas Thum, Jack Chang
Journal: Metabolism (2003)
Erratum: Vol. 65, No. 26
Authors: Matthew Cotten
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2016)

In the report, "Notes from The Field: Ebola Virus Disease Cluster - Northern Sierra Leone, January 2016," the name of a member of The Interagency Investigation Team was incorrect and should have read as follows: "Matthew Cotten, PhD, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, United Kingdom."
VITAMIN D STATUS IS ASSOCIATED WITH ARTERIAL STIFFNESS AND VASCULAR DYSFUNCTION IN HEALTHY HUMANS
Authors: Ibhar Al Mheid, Riyaz Patel, Johnathan Murrow, Alanna Morris, Konstantinos Aznaouridis, Ayaz Rahman, Lucy Fike, Nino Kavtaradze, Yusuf Ahmed, Irina Uphoff, Craig Hooper, Vin Tangpricha, R Wayne Alexander, Kenneth Brigham, Arshed Quyyumi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Oral contraceptives and nonfatal myocardial infarction
Authors: H. Jick
Journal: JAMA (1978)

We obtained information on 107 women younger than 46 years who were discharged from a hospital with a diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction. In the series 26 women were otherwise apparently healthy and potentially childbearing. Among these 26 women, 20 (77%) were taking oral contraceptives just prior to admission, and one was taking conjugated estrogens. Among 59 control women, 14 (24%) were taking oral contraceptives and one was taking conjugated estrogens. The relative risk estimate, comparing oral contraceptive users with nonusers, is 14 with 90% confidence limits of 5.5 and 37. All but two of the 26 women were cigarette smokers. While this illness is rare in most healthy young women, the risk in women older than about 37 years who both smoke and take oral contraceptives appears to be high. (<i>JAMA</i>239:1403-1406, 1978)
GPs need models for managing bereavement
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Community exercise classes help people with back painAlthough patients with back pain should return to normal activities as soon as possible, many are afraid of further injury or making their pain worse and therefore reduce their activities.This can lead to chronic disability.Klaber Moffett et al (p 279) show that referring patients to a progressive exercise programme of eight evening sessions led by physiotherapists helped patients to cope better with their pain and function better.The benefits were maintained for at least a year, and patients' initial preferences for type of management did not affect outcome.Coxiella burnetii infection may be linked to cardiovascular disease
PLoS Medicine Issue Image | Vol. 4(12) December 2007
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2007)

This month's cover image, showing a sign encouraging AIDS testing in a Zambian village, also expresses a more global theme: the need for ongoing awareness of the pandemic's status, as well as the status of research aimed at ending its ravages. In recognition of World AIDS Day (December 1, 2007), this issue of PLoS Medicine includes several papers on HIV diagnosis, prevention, and treatment, including research articles, commentaries, and an editorial. A study conducted in Côte d'Ivoire (Desgrées-du-Loû, et al. e342) identifies three key junctures at which women participating in a mother-to-child HIV prevention program disclose their HIV status to their partners. A systematic review (Beyrer, et al. e339) concludes that men who have sex with men in the Americas, Asia, and Africa have a markedly greater risk of being HIV-infected than does the general population. Other research articles show that a test commonly used to confirm HIV infection can also be used to calculate how many recent infections have occurred in a population (Schüpbach, et al. e343), and that a mutation in a little-studied structural region of the AIDS virus can cause resistance to several HIV drugs (Tachedjian, et al. e335). In the magazine section, cytomegalovirus retinitis is described as the neglected disease of the HIV epidemic (Heiden, et al. e334), and a workshop discussing humoral immune responses to HIV and approaches to designing vaccines is reported (Montefiori, et al. e348). Image Credit: Image by jonrawlinson at Flickr.com (http://flickr.com/photos/london/75148497/)
MUNICIPAL ASEPSIS.
Journal: JAMA (1893)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
EXPENSIVE SUGAR OR CHEAP SACCHARIN, WHICH?
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Monitoring of adverse drug events in hospitals
Authors: D. L. Kennedy
Journal: JAMA (1991)

The article appearing in this issue of<i>JAMA</i>by Classen et al,<sup>1</sup>"Computerized Surveillance of Adverse Drug Events in Hospital Patients," emphasizes the importance of adverse drug event (ADE) monitoring in hospitals. The authors' automated system includes rapid computerized identification of potential ADEs, with evaluation by a clinical pharmacist, and is coupled with enhanced hospital staff reporting. Over the 18-month study period, ADE detection and reporting increased 60-fold. The distinctive feature of this program is rapid communication with those providing the patient's medical care. The authors report that "over 75% of verified ADEs in this study did not have the causative agent stopped until study personnel informed the physician of the ongoing ADE."<sup>1</sup> As recognized by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations, and others,<sup>2-4</sup>active hospital surveillance of drug use and resultant ADEs serves many purposes,
MORAL INSANITY.
Authors: WALTER HAY
Journal: JAMA (1883)

[Read to the Tri-State Medical Society, Chicago.] In proposing a subject for your consideration and discussion, it would seem proper to present at the same time its definition—to fix limits for the scope of the thoughts which shall be occupied with it; to assign sign bounds for the mental operations which may comprehend it. It would be scarcely an exaggeration to say that the most of the conflicts, arising in the course of philosophical discussion, have their origin in ambiguities of language and variations in verbal definition, rather than in essential differences of thought or opinion. Let a proposition be stated in terms so clear, to the mind of the originator, that no room seems to remain for a different interpretation, and yet differences will arise therefrom so wide and so varied as to astonish and confound the author, with the perplexity which he has occasioned. But a duty so
THE ANNUAL MEETING AT NEWPORT.
Journal: JAMA (1889)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Hexachlorophane--yes or no.
Journal: BMJ (1977)

more, administration ofthese chemotherapeutic agents requires supervision by those specially trained in their use.The most recent reports at the White House Conference in Washington of the results of trials of systemic chemotherapy in women with spread to the axillary nodes at mastectomy tended to confirm this cautious assessment.Dr Bernard Fisher and Dr Gianni Bonadonna tempered their initial optimism with the observation that in both studiesl 2 a significant effect had been observed only in premenopausal patients.As yet, there is no evidence that including systemic chemotherapy as part of the primary management of the disease prolongs survival.Here in Britain the Cancer Research Campaign has set up a committee (in association with the British Breast Group, the Department of Health and Social Security, the Imperial Cancer Research Fund, the Medical Research Council, and Tenovus) to co-ordinate controlled studies in the management of breast cancer.An article (p 361) in this issue docu- ments information about current and projected trials of systemic therapy in Britain.Concerned that differences in their construction might invalidate comparisons of the results of these trials, the committee has drawn up guidelines which may help to achieve comparable protocols.The committee will maintain a register of controlled studies and provide informa- tion and, if required, advice on the setting up of trials.This initiative from the Cancer Research Campaign is welcome, but the committee will need to keep under review all developments in treatment, diagnosis, and investigation.Most patients with breast cancer are treated in district hospitals, and not in specialised centres.Improvement in its treatment can come only from co-operative clinical studies, and there is an ethical obligation on all who treat women with breast cancer to take part in these and on the committee to suggest how this may best be done.