tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
MODERATE DRINKING AND TOTAL ABSTINENCE.
Journal: JAMA (1901)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Mitotane use in inoperable adrenal cortical carcinoma
Authors: J. A. Lubitz
Journal: JAMA (1973)

One hundred fifteen patients with inoperable adrenal cortical carcinoma were treated with mitotane (o,p' = DDD). Eighty-five percent of the patients with elevated urinary steroid levels showed a marked reduction, 61% of the patients whose conditions we were able to evaluate showed a measurable disease response, and 45% showed an overall clinical response. These results are all markedly better than those described in earlier reports. In previous reports earlier recognition of the disease and institution of chemotherapy with mitotane resulted in the improvements described. There was no evidence of serious organ poisoning, except for the effects upon the adrenal cortex. On the basis of these data, early diagnosis and treatment of inoperable adrenal cortical carcinoma with mitotane seem to be useful.
Various Forms of Chemically Induced Liver Injury and Their Detection by Diagnostic Procedures
Authors: H. J. Zimmerman
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1976)

A large number of chemical agents, administered for therapeutic or diagnostic purposes, can produce various types of hepatic injury by several mechanisms. Some agents are intrinsically hepatotoxic, and others produce hepatic injury only in the rare, uniquely susceptible individual. Idiosyncrasy of the host is the mechanism for most types of drug-induced hepatic injury. It may reflect allergy to the drug or a metabolic aberation of the host permitting the accumulation of hepatotoxic metabolites. The syndromes of hepatic disease produced by drugs have been classified hepatocellular, hepatocanalicular, mixed and canalicular. Measurement of serum enzyme activities has provided a powerful tool for studies of hepatotoxicity. Their measurement requires awareness of relative specificity, knowledge of the mechanisms involved, and knowledge of the relationship between known hepatotoxic states and elevated enzyme activities.
Alkaline Phosphatase
Authors: Marshall M. Kaplan
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1972)

ALKALINE phosphatases are a group of enzymes with low substrate specificity that catalyze the hydrolysis of phosphate esters at an alkaline pH. These enzymes are referred to as isoenzymes because they catalyze the same reaction, are found in the same organism or species, but differ in certain physicochemical properties. Alkaline phosphatases are present in many human tissues, including bone, intestine, kidney, liver, placenta and white blood cells.1 , 2 Their physiologic function is unknown. However, their localization to membranes suggests that they may be involved in the active transport of substances across these membranes. Alkaline phosphatase is also present in serum, where . . .
The Use of Biochemical Assays in Epidemiologic Studies of Reproduction
Authors: Allen J. Wilcox, Donna D. Baird, Clarice R. Weinberg, E. Glenn Armstrong, Paul I. Musey, Robert E. Wehmann, Robert E. Canfield
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1987)

Recent progress in the assay of urinary hormones has opened new opportunities for epidemiologists to study hormones and health outcomes. This is especially true for studies of female reproduction. The cyclic nature of female reproduction can be fully described only by continuous frequent measurements that, in order to be practical, require easily collected biological specimens. We describe our experience in collecting and analyzing daily urine specimens from 301 healthy women. We conclude that this approach is not only feasible but potentially of great value to epidemiologists for studying fertility, early pregnancy, the effects of toxic exposures on reproduction, and the relationships between reproduction and later risk of chronic diseases.
A NOTABLE ACHIEVEMENT.
Journal: JAMA (1905)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Hazel Wilkinson
Authors: D. Wilkinson
Journal: BMJ (2013)

<h3>Introduction</h3> A new generation of carotid artery stents that use a dual micromesh layer to reduce embolic events during carotid artery stenting has recently been introduced. We aimed to analyze the effectiveness and safety of the new Casper-RX stent in patients experiencing acute ischemic stroke with large vessel intracranial occlusion associated with a tandem lesion (another carotid occlusion or severe stenosis). <h3>Methods</h3> We retrospectively analyzed all consecutive patients treated with carotid Casper-RX stents from our stroke registry. We analyzed clinical, angiographic, and neuroimaging data. Endpoints included acute intra-stent thrombus formation, stent occlusion prior to hospital discharge, 3 month modified Rankin Scale score (mRS), and symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage. <h3>Results</h3> 21 patients were included: 10 patients had tandem carotid occlusions and 11 patients had severe carotid stenosis, 8 of whom had a hemodynamically significant stenosis. We observed acute in-stent thrombus formation in 11 patients. No stent occlusion occurred prior to hospital discharge. We report no stroke recurrence at 3 months but symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage in two patients. mRS score at 3 months was 0–2 (favorable) for 15 patients (71%), 3–5 for 3 patients, and 6 for 3 patients. <h3>Conclusions</h3> In the present series, we frequently observed clot formation during the procedure with Casper-RX stents, which required periprocedural intravenous infusion of anticoagulant and antiplatelet treatment. This motivated us, in the absence of a prospective randomized controlled study demonstrating the non-inferiority of micromesh dual layer stents compared with the single layer design, to discontinue using this stent type in acute stroke requiring carotid angioplasty.
Hyperglycemic Crises in Patients With Diabetes Mellitus
Journal: Diabetes Care (2001)

etoacidosis and hyperosmolar hyperglycemia are the two most serious acute metabolic complications of diabetes, even if managed properly.These disorders can occur in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes.The mortality rate in patients with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is Ͻ5% in experienced centers, whereas the mortality rate of patients with hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS) still remains high at ϳ15%.The prognosis of both conditions is substantially worsened at the extremes of age and in the presence of coma and hypotension (1-10).This position statement will outline precipitating factors and recommendations for the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of DKA and HHS.It is based on a previous technical review (11), which should be consulted for further information.PATHOGENESIS -Although the pathogenesis of DKA is better understood than that of HHS, the basic underlying mechanism for both disorders is a reduction in the net effective action of circulating insulin coupled with a concomitant elevation of counterregulatory hormones, such as glucagon, catecholamines, cortisol, and growth hormone.These hormonal alterations in DKA and HHS lead to increased hepatic and renal glucose production and impaired glucose utilization in peripheral tissues, which result in hyperglycemia and parallel changes in osmolality of the extracellular space (12,13).The combination of insulin deficiency and increased counterregulatory hormones in DKA also leads to the release of free fatty acids into the circu-
Collagen-acetaldehyde adducts in alcoholic and nonalcoholic liver diseases
Authors: G Svegliati-Baroni
Journal: Hepatology (1994)

Alcoholic and, to a lesser extent, nonalcoholic patients with liver disease have serum antibodies to acetaldehyde-protein adducts produced in vitro. These antibodies presumably reflect the presence of adducts in the liver, but the protein that triggers this immune response has not been identified. To study this, we measured the reactivity of cytosolic proteins to rabbit IgG developed against a P-450 2E1—acetaldehyde adduct, isolated from alcohol-fed rats, that recognizes acetaldehyde-modified epitopes in proteins. Adducts were determined on Western blots by scanning densitometry of antibody-linked alkaline phosphatase activity in 4 normal livers and in needle biopsy specimens from subjects with liver disease, 17 alcoholic and 14 nonalcoholic. In all livers, except for a normal one, we found a reactive protein of at least 200 kD, similar to the collagen-acetaldehyde adduct we reported to be markedly increased in rats with experimentally induced cirrhosis. The immunostaining intensity in the alcoholic patients with liver disease was eightfold (p<0.01) and that in nonalcoholic patients with liver disease was fourfold, greater (p<0.02) than the weak staining in normal livers; it correlated with the degree of inflammation and serum AST or γ-glutamyl transpeptidase activities. The adduct was reproduced on incubation of normal cytosolic proteins with 2.5 mmol/L acetaldehyde, whereas higher concentrations yielded many additional adducts; the adduct also reacted with IgG antibody to rat collagen type I and disappeared after digestion with collagenase, suggesting that the target protein is a form of collagen. The association of this collagen-acetaldehyde adduct with parameters of liver disease activity suggests that the adduct reflects the liver injury and may even contribute to its development, both in alcoholic and in nonalcoholic subjects. (Hepatology 1994;20:111–118.)
A MATTER REQUIRING ATTENTION.
Journal: JAMA (1902)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Future medical practice in the United States A choice of scenarios
Authors: J. P. Geyman
Journal: JAMA (1981)

IN 1966, Creech<sup>1</sup>published a provocative article entitled "Medical Practice in 1990," wherein he projected the likely features of the medical care system based on apparent trends in medical education and practice since 1890 in this country. He painted a bleak scenario for 1990, illustrated by the following excerpts: The private practice of medicine will no longer exist as we know it. Physicians will be geographic full-time employees of the medical center complex, within which they will provide total medical care for the residents of the community, preferably on an annual fee basis, but perhaps as salaried employees of the federal government.... Medicine will be practiced on an assembly line basis.... [Physicians] will no longer concern themselves with the routine practice of medicine, which will be done by others whose training is more vocationally oriented. In just 14 years since 1966, major changes have taken place in medical education
Ethics
Authors: Robert M. Veatch
Journal: JAMA (1981)

This last year saw a major development in professionally articulated statements of ethics for physicians. The American Medical Association's House of Delegates adopted the first major revision of its Principles of Ethics since 1957. The newly adopted principles continue the tradition begun in 1847 when the AMA, meeting in Philadelphia, first adopted a code governing the professional conduct of its members. It has undergone four previous revisions since then. The original purpose of the current effort to revise the principles was to modernize the language, eliminate reference to gender, and reach an appropriate understanding of the relation between professional principles and contemporary society. An Ad Hoc Committee, working for two years under the chairmanship of New Jersey surgeon James S. Todd, MD, dealt simultaneously with controversial issues in the public eye, such as the ethics of advertising and chiropractic, and more subtle, fundamental issues, such as the relationship of the
In This Issue
Authors: Ruth Williams
Journal: Circulation Research (2021)

Akhter et al uncover the details of vascular endothelial repair after inflammation.Endothelial cells (ECs) lining the body's blood vessels form a barrier that regulates the transport of nutrients, fluids and cells to and from the tissues.The lipid signaling molecule spingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and its receptor, S1PR1, have been shown to promote the integrity of this barrier in vitro and in vivo but how they might restore barrier function following inflammation, when vessels become leaky to allow immune cell escape, is unclear.Using mice with fluorescently tagged S1PR1, Akhter and colleagues now show that when mice are given a dose of the bacterial endotoxin LPS to induce lung inflammation, there is a dramatic boost in the proportion of glowing lung ECsfrom less than 5 percent at baseline to nearly one quarter of ECs by 16 hours post LPS.This boost in S1PR1-positive ECs is due to their increased proliferation, the team shows, and is accompanied by increased production of transcription factors involved in S1P synthesis and secretion.The team also showed that transplantation of S1PR1-positive cells to mice whose ECs lacked the receptor could fix the latter's leaky blood vessels.By detailing the cells and molecular players responsible for vessel recovery after inflammation, the work may inform repairboosting therapies for chronic inflammatory conditions, say the team.
International Symposium on Medical Radionuclide Imaging
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1976)

International Symposium on Medical Radionuclide Imaging Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 56, Issue 1, January 1976, Page 201, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/56.1.201-b Published: 01 January 1976
Continuing Education Opportunities for Physicians
Journal: JAMA (1989)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Physical activity and fitness in women with metastatic breast cancer.
Authors: Jasmine Yee, Glen M Davis, Jane McNeil Beith, Nicholas Wilcken, Rina Hui, Michelle L. Harrison, David Currow, Jon Emery, Jane Phillips, Andrew Martin, Eva Segelov, Sharon Lynn Kilbreath
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

136 Background: Women with metastatic breast cancer may survive for many years after disease onset, and there is little published evidence on their habitual levels of physical activity. The aim of this study was to investigate differences in physical activity levels and physical fitness between women with and without metastatic breast cancer. Methods: Seventy-one women with metastatic breast cancer (METS) aged 57.7 ± 9.5 y and 2.9 ± 3.1 y after disease onset, and 71 healthy controls (CONTROLS) aged 55.0 ± 9.4 y participated. Of those with metastatic disease, 27% had metastases in bone only, 35% in viscera only and 38% in both bone and viscera. Strength was measured using hand and leg dynamometry, aerobic fitness using the Modified Canadian Aerobic Fitness Test, and fatigue with the FACT-Fatigue questionnaire. Participants wore a SenseWear physical activity armband over 6 days, and the average steps taken per day over 5 of these days, where there was a minimum wear time of 8 hours per day, was derived. Results: METS possessed lower aerobic fitness than CONTROLS (25.3 ± 5.4 versus 31.9 ± 6.1 ml·kg·min -1 respectively; p&lt;0.01). METS were significantly weaker than CONTROLS. Lower limb strength for the METS and CONTROLS was 53.8 ± 23.7 versus 76.0 ± 27.4 kg and handgrip strength was 26.6 ± 6.0 versus 30.2 ± 6.4 kg. METS were also significantly less active, attaining only 57% of the daily step counts of CONTROLS. Fatigue was significantly higher in women with metastatic cancer compared to their healthy counterparts (38.0 ± 9.8 versus 46.3 ± 4.6; p&lt;0.01). Correlation between fatigue with average steps per day (r=0.46), handgrip strength (r=0.29) and leg strength (r=0.26) was low in the METS group. Conclusions: Women living in the community with metastatic breast cancer are weaker, have lower aerobic fitness, and are relatively inactive compared to their healthy counterparts. Increased fatigue in these women is poorly associated with their decreased physical activity levels, hand and lower limb strength. Women with metastatic breast cancer may benefit from a program directed at improving their strength and fitness. Acknowledgements: Funded by National Breast Cancer Foundation, Australia.
Canadian 2003 International Consensus Algorithm for the Diagnosis, Therapy, and Management of Hereditary Angioedema
Authors: Tom Bowen, Marco Cicardi, Henriette Farkas, Konrad Bork, Wolfhart Kreuz, Lorenza Zingale, Lilian Varga, Inmaculada Martinez-Saguer, Emel Aygören-Pürsün, Karen Binkley
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2004)
INFLUENCE OF PARATHYROID EXTRACT ON BONE SALTS
Journal: JAMA (1931)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Bacteria as the Cause of Suppuration.
Journal: JAMA (1884)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal