tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Skin testing for tuberculosis. Antigen and observer variability
Authors: F. J. Erdtmann
Journal: JAMA (1974)

Inadvertent exposure of a group of military personnel to a soldier with active pulmonary tuberculosis provided an opportunity to compare skin test results obtained with three different antigen preparations and with four observers. The purified protein derivative preparations used were as follows: (1) stabilized with polysorbate 80 (Tween-80) (PPD-T); (2) a commercial tableted tuberculin (PPD-PD); (3) the Public Health Service standard (PPD-S). All were administered and read in a blind manner. The largest proportion of positive tests was obtained with PPD-T. The degree of agreement among the observers did not depend on the choice of antigens. The data indicate the usefulness of PPD with polysorbate 80 in tuberculosis screening. (<i>JAMA</i>228:479-481, 1974)
Treatment of ischemic heart disease
Authors: Dennis M. Davidson
Journal: JAMA (1983)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In "Effects of Stress Management Training and Dietary Changes in Treating Ischemic Heart Disease" (1983;249:54), Ornish and colleagues randomly assigned 48 persons with evidence of coronary artery disease to experimental and control groups of equal size. Despite the exclusion of aerobic exercise training from their intervention, they found significant improvement in duration of exercise and amount of total work performed, without alteration of maximum heart rate-systolic BP product attained. The experimental group had lower exercise tolerance than their controls before the intervention period, but their final level was significantly higher. The authors frankly admit their lack of a clear mechanism for this improvement, although they propose several possibilities. I wish to add one more, namely, the possible dissimilarity of intervention and control groups. Despite the investigators' randomization efforts, their two groups were remarkably dissimilar regarding plasma triglyceride and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels before the intervention period. The
Loss of OMA1 delays neurodegeneration by preventing stress-induced OPA1 processing in mitochondria
Authors: Anne Korwitz, Carsten Merkwirth, Ricarda Richter-Dennerlein, Simon E. Tröder, Hans-Georg Sprenger, Pedro Moral Quirós, Carlos López-Otín, Elena I. Rugarli, Thomas Langer
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2016)
Incorrect Name in Reference
Authors: Patrizia Nencini, Anna Basile, Cristina Sarti, Domenico Inzitari
Journal: JAMA (2000)

tion, suggesting recent subarachnoid bleeding.Total cerebrospinal protein and nucleated cells were within the normal range.A digital subtraction angiogram did not reveal any aneurysms, arteriovenous malformations, or other vascular anomalies.The patient gradually recovered, and a week later, at discharge, he complained only of mild headache.Comment.This is the first reported case, to our knowledge, of multiple cerebral contusions and subarachnoid hemor-rhage occurring in a healthy person following a roller coaster ride.We are confident, on the basis of the patient's history, that he did not experience any further head trauma in the 7 days between the ride and the onset of his symptoms.This prolonged interval might be explained either by secondary subarachnoid bleeding from asymptomatic intracerebral contusions, or by delayed posttraumatic hemorrhage.This case underlines the importance of obtaining a thorough history in the event of an otherwise unexplained intracerebral or subarachnoid hemorrhage.Although the incidence of brain injury induced by a roller coaster ride is presumably low, it might become more common with the introduction of faster and more complex rides.Riders of roller coasters should be warned about the risk of brain injuries, and improved safety features for their prevention should be considered.
Secondary Pneumonia
Authors: Theodore Bacharach
Journal: JAMA (1962)

THE CHARACTERISTICS of pneumonia as seen in particular types of institutions or certain age groups have been frequently reviewed. The relationship of pneumonia to other conditions, both respiratory and nonrespiratory, has also been stressed. Often the implication is that secondary pneumonia occurs predominantly in the elderly patient. We have been impressed by the frequency with which a history of prior pulmonary disease is encountered in young patients with pneumonia and have wondered if perhaps secondary pneumonia is not more common in this age group than is generally appreciated. To determine the frequency of predisposing conditions, we have reviewed the experience with pneumonia at Letterman General Hospital over the last 3 years. Methods The records were reviewed of all patients treated for pneumonia on the Infectious Disease Ward of Letterman General Hospital from Jan. 1, 1959, to Dec. 31, 1961. Cases of pneumonia which developed in the hospital were excluded. Results
Peptic Ulcer
Authors: S. M. Vassallo
Journal: BMJ (1953)

Background/Aim: Mouse double minute 2 (MDM2) and prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) are currently under investigation as individual therapeutic targets due to their overexpression in many cancer types, as well as their pro-tumorigenic effect on cells. Recently, knockdown of PSMA was linked to a decrease in MDM2 and matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) and an increase in MMP3 and MMP13 expression. We aimed to assess the link between PSMA, MDM2 and the MMPs in metastatic breast cancer cell lines. Materials and Methods: Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and western blotting were used to assess siRNA-mediated knockdown of MDM2 and PSMA in MDA-MB-231 and ZR-75.1 breast cancer cells. Assays to assess the growth, adhesion, migration and invasion of the cells following siRNA treatment were undertaken. MMP and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases (TIMP) levels were assessed via quantitative PCR. Results: Knockdown of MDM2 resulted in a decrease in PSMA expression levels and vice versa; although this trend was not replicated at the protein level. Knockdown of each of the molecules resulted in a decrease in growth, adhesion, migration and invasive ability of breast cancer cells. Both knockdowns led to a decrease in MMP2 and an increase in MMP3, -10 and -13 gene expression. Conclusion: MDM2 and PSMA may co-regulate the expression of certain MMPs and, thus, the functionality of cells in metastatic breast cancer.
Biological Monitoring of Organophosphorus Pesticide Exposure among Children of Agricultural Workers in Central Washington State
Authors: Carrie Loewenherz, Richard A. Fenske, Nancy J. Simcox, Garland Bellamy, David Kalman
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1997)

Children up to 6 years of age who lived with pesticide applicators were monitored for increased risk of pesticide exposure: 48 pesticide applicator and 14 reference families were recruited from an agricultural region of Washington State in June 1995. A total of 160 spot urine samples were collected from 88 children, including repeated measures 3-7 days apart. Samples were assayed by gas chromatography flame photometric detector for dimethylphosphate metabolites. Dimethylthiophosphate (DMTP) was the dominant metabolite. DMTP levels were significantly higher in applicator children than in reference children (p = 0.015), with median concentrations of 0.021 and 0.005 microg/ml, respectively; maximum concentrations were 0.44 and 0.10 microg/ml, respectively. Percentages of detectable samples were 47% for applicator children and 27% for reference children. A marginally significant trend of increasing concentration was observed with decreasing age among applicator children (p = 0.060), and younger children within these families had significantly higher concentrations when compared to their older siblings (p = 0.040). Applicator children living less than 200 feet from an orchard were associated with higher frequency of detectable DMTP levels than nonproximal applicator children (p =0.036). These results indicate that applicator children experienced higher organophosphorus pesticide exposures than did reference children in the same community and that proximity to spraying is an important contributor to such exposures. Trends related to age suggest that child activity is an important variable for exposure. It is unlikely that any of the observed exposures posed a hazard of acute intoxication. This study points to the need for a more detailed understanding of pesticide exposure pathways for children of agricultural workers.
Ultrastructural Changes in Some Disorders of Small Intestine Associated with Malabsorption
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 4278: International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC)
Authors: Thomas J. Hudson, Jennifer L. Jennings
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract The International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) was established to bring together researchers from around the globe to comprehensively analyze the genomic, transcriptomic, and epigenomic changes in 50 different tumor types or subtypes that are of clinical and societal importance across the globe (International network of cancer genome projects. Nature 464, 993-998 (15 April 2010)). As of December 2013, the ICGC has received commitments from researchers and funding organizations in Asia, Australia, Europe, North America, and South America for 69 project teams in 17 jurisdictions to study more than 25,000 tumor genomes. Over 27,552 tumors that meet ICGC requirements for consent have been obtained, and research pathologists have approved over 24,160 samples with project-confirmed diagnosis as meeting ICGC standards. Processed data is available via the Data Coordination Centre (http://dcc.icgc.org) based at the Ontario Institute for Cancer Research and is updated bimonthly. The latest data release (Version 14) in September 2013 includes datasets from 8532 donors participating in 41 ICGC project teams. The ICGC Data Portal has been improved to provide enhanced support to the research community browsing this vast dataset. ICGC researchers plan to undertake a suite of studies called the Pan-Cancer Analysis Project (PCAP). The analyses will begin in early 2014 using whole genome sequencing (WGS) datasets from approximately 2,000 matched tumour-normal specimen pairs representing more than a dozen different tumour types. It is expected that this effort will lead to the identification of driver mutations outside coding regions including those that affect cis-regulatory regions and non-coding RNAs, and identification of gene regulatory pathways altered by non-coding mutations. Because the projected size of the pan-cancer dataset, i.e. 4,000 WGS, is very large, PCAP will need to use a compute cloud environment (involving multiple computing centers in the USA, Europe, and Asia) that will meet technical requirements of the project and the bioethical framework of ICGC and its member projects. More information can be found on www.icgc.org. Citation Format: Thomas J. Hudson, Jennifer L. Jennings. International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC). [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 4278. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-4278
Medical Education Programs Sponsored by Government Agencies
Journal: JAMA (1976)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Preoperative Cardiac Catheterization
Authors: Robert A. O'Rourke
Journal: JAMA (1982)

DECISIONS concerning the optimal time for cardiac surgery in patients with valvular heart disease are often extremely difficult. Factors to be considered when recommending valve replacement include the patient's symptoms and physical findings; the severity of valvular obstruction or regurgitation, or both; the natural history of the disease process; the presence of normal or abnormal ventricular performance; the presence or absence of coexistent coronary artery disease; and the morbidity and mortality associated with valve replacement.<sup>1-5</sup> During the past two decades, cardiac catheterization with cineangiography, and often with selective coronary arteriography, has been the "gold standard" for determining the extent of valvular obstruction or regurgitation, or both, the number of cardiac valves affected, the effects of valvular disease on resting and exercise cardiac hemodynamics, the presence of normal or reduced left ventricular (LV) performance, and the existence or absence of important coincident coronary artery disease. Noninvasive techniques, particularly echocardiography and
Advanced transcriptomics identifies the tweak receptor as a novel biomarker in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: biomarker discovery from gene expression signature to plasma protein
Authors: Anja Bengtsson, Kristoffer Rigbolt, Denise Oro, Helene Ægidius, Pia Steen Petersen, Niels Vrang, Jacob Jelsing, Lisbeth N Fink, Sanne Veidal
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2020)
Lessons from a Danish study on neuropsychological impairment related to lead exposure.
Authors: P Grandjean, T Lyngbye, O N Hansen
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1991)

Serious problems emerge when evaluating evidence on lead neurotoxicity in children. The extent of these problems and ways to control them were explored in a study of 1291 children from the first class in the schools of Aarhus municipality, Denmark. The lead retention in circumpulpal dentin in shed deciduous teeth was used as an indicator of cumulated lead exposure; it correlated most strongly with traffic density at the residence of each family and at the day-care institutions. In a nested case-control group selected on the basis of dentin lead concentrations, 29 of 200 children had encountered obstetrical complications and other medical risks for neurobehavioral dysfunction; these children primarily belonged to the low-lead group. As lead-related neurobehavioral effects are nonspecific, inclusion of these children in the data analysis would therefore have distorted the results toward the null hypothesis. Children from the high-lead group who had experienced neonatal jaundice showed impaired performance when compared to other high-lead children; this finding may suggest a synergistic effect. The Bender gestalt test scored by the Göttingen system was the test that was most sensitive to lead exposure. The conclusion that neurobehavioral effects can be caused by the relatively low lead exposures in Denmark may not be surprising, as current exposures to this toxic metal greatly exceed the prepollution levels to which the human body originally adapted.
Massachusetts Medical Society
Authors: George E. Spencer, Lamson Blaney
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1964)

STATED MEETING OF THE COUNCILA stated meeting of the Council will be held in the John Ware Hall, Boston Medical Library, 8 The Fenway, Boston, on Wednesday, October 14, 1964, at 10:00 a.m. Business: 1. Call to order at 10:00 a.m.2. Presentation of record of meeting held May 18, 1964, as published in Vol. 270, Supplement No. 2, June 25, 1964, of the New England Journal of Medicine. 3. Reports of standing and special committees.4. Such other business as may legally come before this meeting.Robert W. Buck, M.D. Secretary CIRCULAR OF ADVANCE INFORMATION Copies of the . . .
Auscultatory percussion of the head
Authors: J. R Guarino
Journal: BMJ (1982)

circumstances of asphyxia are of sinister predictive value, in particular where there is a tonic phase with apnoea, cyanosis, and extensor spasm.2Comparison of predictive value of the causes of asphyxia is difficult, but surely abruptio placentae is more likely to produce neurological damage than placenta previa.Follow-up studies of asphyxiated term infants at this hospital from 1967 have shown that the most likely expression of neurological damage is cerebral palsy.2I agree that resuscitation should not be abandoned if there is any evidence of recovery in the first 30 minutes.The possibility of a pneumothorax as a result of resuscitation and so delaying recovery should always be con- sidered.Subsequent to initial recovery there appears to be no clear consensus on management of cerebral oedema.Many paediatricians restrict fluids, and give mannitol, dexa- methasone, or phenobarbitone in various combinations.Does this therapy reduce neurological damage?NIALL O'BRIEN
A phase II study of extended low-dose temozolomide in recurrent malignant gliomas
Authors: R. B. Khan
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2002)

Neuro-OncologyTemozolomide is an effective agent in the treatment of recurrent malignant gliomas.The standard dosage is 150-200 mg/m 2 per day for 5 days in a 28-day cycle.A prior phase I study established a chronic daily temozolomide dose that signi cantly increased the total dose administered and suggested a superior response rate.In a prospective phase II trial, we treated 35 patients with recurrent malignant gliomas with temozolomide 75 mg/m 2 per day for 42 consecutive days in a 70-day cycle.Median age was 55 years (range, 27-73 years) and median Karnofsky performance score was 70 (range, 60-90).Twenty-eight (79%) patients had glioblastoma multiforme, 3 (9%) anaplastic astrocytoma, 2 (6%) anaplastic oligodendroglioma, and 2 (6%) anaplastic oligoastrocytoma.All but one had prior radiotherapy, and 27 had prior chemotherapy.There were 2 partial (anaplastic astrocytoma) and 3 minor (glioblastoma multiforme) radiographic responses; 17 patients had progressive disease at the end of the rst cycle.In 55 cycles of temozolomide, there were 8 episodes of asymptomatic drug-related grade 3 toxicity: 6 lymphopenia, 1 neutropenia, and 1 thrombocytopenia.Median progression-free survival and overall survival were 2.5 and 8.7 months (2.
Guidelines Insights: Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma, Version 1.2019
Authors: Margaret A. Tempero, Mokenge P. Malafa, E. Gabriela Chiorean, Brian Czito, Courtney Scaife, Amol K. Narang, Christos Fountzilas, Brian M. Wolpin, Mahmoud Al-Hawary, Horacio Asbun, Stephen W. Behrman, Al B. Benson, Ellen Binder, Dana B. Cardin, Charles Cha, Vincent Chung, Mary Dillhoff, Efrat Dotan, Cristina R. Ferrone, George Fisher, Jeffrey Hardacre, William G. Hawkins, Andrew H. Ko, Noelle LoConte, Andrew M. Lowy, Cassadie Moravek, Eric K. Nakakura, Eileen M. O’Reilly, Jorge Obando, Sushanth Reddy, Sarah Thayer, Robert A. Wolff, Jennifer L. Burns, Griselda Zuccarino-Catania
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2019)

The NCCN Guidelines for Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma discuss the diagnosis and management of adenocarcinomas of the exocrine pancreas and are intended to assist with clinical decision-making. These NCCN Guidelines Insights discuss important updates to the 2019 version of the guidelines, focusing on postoperative adjuvant treatment of patients with pancreatic cancers.
Systemic Administration of C-Type Natriuretic Peptide as a Novel Therapeutic Strategy for Skeletal Dysplasias
Authors: Akihiro Yasoda, Hidetomo Kitamura, Toshihito Fujii, Eri Kondo, Naoaki Murao, Masako Miura, Naotetsu Kanamoto, Yasato Komatsu, Hiroshi Arai, Kazuwa Nakao
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (2009)

Skeletal dysplasias are a group of genetic disorders characterized by severe impairment of bone growth. Various forms of them add to produce a significant morbidity and mortality, yet no efficient drug therapy has been developed to date. We previously demonstrated that C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP), a member of the natriuretic peptide family, is a potent stimulator of endochondral bone growth. Further we exhibited that targeted overexpression of a CNP transgene in the growth plate rescued the impaired bone growth observed in mice model of achondroplasia (Ach), the most frequent form of human skeletal dysplasias, leading us to propose that CNP may prove to be an effective treatment for this disorder. In the present study, in order to elucidate whether or not the systemic administration of CNP is the novel drug therapy for skeletal dysplasias, we have investigated the effects of plasma CNP on impaired bone growth in Ach mice that specifically overexpress CNP in the liver under the control of human serum amyloid P component promoter, or in those treated with a continuous CNP infusion system. Our results demonstrated that increased plasma CNP from the liver or by intravenous administration of synthetic CNP-22 rescued the impaired bone growth phenotype of Ach mice without significant adverse effects. These results indicate that treatment with systemic CNP is a potential therapeutic strategy for skeletal dysplasias, including Ach, in humans.
Forty-Fifth Annual Meeting of the British Medical Association
Journal: BMJ (1877)

pensable.In conclusion, his Lordship said: "No doubt there are some sad souls-M"Mad from life's history, Glad of death's mystery, Swift to be hurled, Anywhere, anywhere, Out of the world."In the dim gloom that shrouds all beyond the grave there is yet a streak of light, like some sudden lightning flash, illuminating the darkness with hopes full of immortality.In the silence of the chamber of death there is still a voice heard, ' He that liveth and believeth on Me shall never die.'I trust, gentlemen, representatives of a noble profession, that His spirit who, in the strong but not strained language