tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
TO WHAT END?
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Radiation From Digital Clocks
Journal: JAMA (1993)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
ECOG 1599: Randomized phase II study of paclitaxel/carboplatin or gemcitabine/cisplatin in performance status (PS) 2 patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)
Authors: W. J. Tester, P. Stephenson, C. J. Langer, J. H. Schiller, D. H. Johnson, B. L. Rapoport
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

7055 Background: ECOG 1594 was a phase III randomized trial that compared 4 different doublet chemotherapy regimens. The trial initially included PS 0–2 pts, but accrual of PS2 pts was suspended, because of a perceived rate of unacceptable toxicity. The final analysis, however, showed that the overall toxicity for PS2 pts was similar to that for PS 0–1 patients. The overall response rate for PS 2 patients was 14%, median survival was 4.1 months and 1 year survival rate was only 19% (Sweeney et al, Cancer 2001;92:2639–47). Methods: This randomized phase II study treated PS2 pts with either P 200mg/m2 plus Cb AUC6 or G 1 g/m2 days 1 and 8 plus C 60mg/m2 day 1 every 3 weeks. 103 pts were enrolled; 98 are fully eligible for response and toxicity. Baseline demographics were comparable for each arm: Median age was 66; 65% were male; 46% had more than 5% weight loss; and 88% had stage IV or recurrent NSCLC. Results: Response and survival data is summarized below. Toxicity data is shown for grade 3 and grade 4 (in parentheses) events per evaluable pt. Conclusion: Doublet chemotherapy with appropriate dose attenuation for PS 2 patients is feasible. Disease control rates (RR and SD), time-to-progression (TTP), progression free survival (PFS) and survival results are similar for the two regimens. PCb yielded more grade 3–4 neutropenia, neuropathy and grade 1 arthralgia/myalgia. GC caused more grade 3 thrombocytopenia, fatigue, nausea and grade 1 nephropathy. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Genentech; ImClone Bristol-Myers Squibb
Intensive chemotherapy with autologous marrow transplantation is effective against some resistant tumors
Authors: B. Merz
Journal: JAMA (1987)

CONVENTIONAL CANCER THERAPY can still be effective after tumors have become drug-resistant, according to some oncologists. They say that the secret is to treat patients with lethal doses of chemotherapy and to rescue them with autologous bone marrow transplantation. For example, Emil Frei III, MD, director of the Dana Farber Cancer Institute in Boston, advises therapy with high doses of multiple agents. Frei told the recent Bristol-Myers Symposium on Cancer Research in Washington, DC, that his protocol involves the use of intensive chemotherapy employing combinations of alkylating agents, which in the last few years have been found to act synergistically and to trigger little cross-resistance. At Dana Farber, following induction therapy with standard doses of cyclophosphamide and thio-TEPA, bone marrow is harvested and treated with monoclonal antibodies to eradicate tumor cells. Patients then undergo a short course of therapy with high doses of the two agents followed by marrow reinfusion.
NCCN News
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2021)

NCCN joins people and organizations worldwide in commemorating World Cancer Day every February 4. World Cancer Day 2021 was dedicated to the courage and achievements of people living with cancer and their families, as well as caregivers, healthcare providers, researchers, advocates, and other volunteers-and called for everyone to join in helping to save lives from this disease.The 2021 World Cancer Day efforts were led by the Union for International Cancer Control (UICC)-of which NCCN is a member.The theme "I Am and I Will" encapsulated the extraordinary spirit and strength of the cancer community.For 2021, NCCN employees took part in a 21-day challenge to get personal about cancer care, by sharing a look at how different staff members' lives have been directly impacted by cancer."The NCCN Guidelines aren't just the recognized standard for clinical direction and policy in cancer care and the most thorough and frequently updated clinical practice guidelines available in any area of medicine-they also represent how we want our own loved ones and ourselves to be treated," explained Robert W. Carlson, Chief Executive Officer, NCCN."The NCCN Guidelines and related resources are put together by multidisciplinary panels of leading experts for every type of cancer, supported by our dedicated staff.Our work helping patients to live better lives is more than a job; it's a calling.This is never more evident than in the many personal stories our staff submitted for inclusion in our World Cancer Day challenge."Over the past 12 months, NCCN has also worked to maintain and optimize quality cancer care during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.This work includes guidance principals for vaccinating people with cancer; a multiorganization statement on the importance of resuming safe, recommended cancer screening and treatment; best practices for keeping patients and staff safe from infection; and modified treatment information and supportive care.Dr. Cary Adams, CEO of UICC said: "COVID-19 has impacted cancer control globally and the response by the cancer community has been extraordinary, heroic even.This year, more than ever, it is appropriate that we celebrate their achievements on World Cancer Day.Let us all aim in 2021 to refocus our collective efforts on the long-term challenges that cancer poses to every country in the world.We must prevent more, diagnose earlier and ensure that all people living with cancer have access to the quality treatment they need."Learn more about NCCN's campaign to 'get personal' at NCCN.org/WCD.Learn more about NCCN's efforts around the COVID-19 pandemic at NCCN.org/covid-19.Information about NCCN's work to improve cancer care around the globe can be found at NCCN.org/global.Join the conversation online with the hashtag #NCCNGlobal. Leading Cancer Organizations Warn Cancer Doesn't Stop for COVID-19 and Neither Should YouNCCN and the American Cancer Society (ACS) are teaming up with leading cancer organizations across the country to endorse the resumption of cancer screening and treatment during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.Cont. on page xxxii.
Pulmonary Alveolar Macrophages in Molecular Epidemiology and Chemoprevention of Cancer
Authors: Silvio De Flora, Alberto Izzotti, Francesco D'Agostini, Giovanni A. Rossi, Roumen M. Balansky
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1993)

In addition to possessing an extraordinary sweeping activity, pulmonary alveolar macrophages (PAM) are equipped with the biochemical mechanisms involved in the metabolism ofcarcinogens, which were found to be inducible in humans by cigarette smoke.Moreover, several defense processes were stimulated in rat PAM after in vivo administration of the anticarcinogen N-acetycysteine (NAC).Benzolalpyrene diol epoxide (BPDE)-DNA adducts, as revealed by synchronous fluorescence spectrophotometry, were selectively detected in PAM of smokers and persisted up to 6 months.The amount of adducts was signifcntly ated with the number of currently smoked cigarettes but not with the cigrettes smoked in a lifetime (pack-years).Nevertheless, deviations from the regression line pointed out the role ofinterindividual variability factors in adduct formation.Probably due to the low mitotic rate of PAM in the respiratory lumen, the frequency of micronuclei was not enhanced in smokers.However, parallel assays in rats shwed that micronuclei can be enhanced after massive intratracheal administmtion of benzolalpyrene or whole-body exposure to high amounts of maiunstrem cigarette smoke, which also induced BPDE-DNA adducts in lung cells and other organs, including the heart.All these adverse effects were markedly inhibited by the oral administration ofNAC, which provides the premise and rationale for a future study on the protective effects of oral NAC in heavy smokers.
Seminoma
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Uncovering Molecular Mechanisms Involved in Activation of G Protein-Coupled Receptors
Authors: U. Gether
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (2000)

G protein-coupled, seven-transmembrane segment receptors (GPCRs or 7TM receptors), with more than 1000 different members, comprise the largest superfamily of proteins in the body. Since the cloning of the first receptors more than a decade ago, extensive experimental work has uncovered multiple aspects of their function and challenged many traditional paradigms. However, it is only recently that we are beginning to gain insight into some of the most fundamental questions in the molecular function of this class of receptors. How can, for example, so many chemically diverse hormones, neurotransmitters, and other signaling molecules activate receptors believed to share a similar overall tertiary structure? What is the nature of the physical changes linking agonist binding to receptor activation and subsequent transduction of the signal to the associated G protein on the cytoplasmic side of the membrane and to other putative signaling pathways? The goal of the present review is to specifically address these questions as well as to depict the current awareness about GPCR structure-function relationships in general.
The Helicobacter pylori VacA toxin is a urea permease that promotes urea diffusion across epithelia
Authors: Francesco Tombola, Laura Morbiato, Giuseppe Del Giudice, Rino Rappuoli, Mario Zoratti, Emanuele Papini
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2001)

Urease and the cytotoxin VacA are two major virulence factors of the human pathogen Helicobacter pylori, which is responsible for severe gastroduodenal diseases. Diffusion of urea, the substrate of urease, into the stomach is critically required for the survival of infecting H. pylori. We now show that VacA increases the transepithelial flux of urea across model epithelia by inducing an unsaturable permeation pathway. This transcellular pathway is selective, as it conducts thiourea, but not glycerol and mannitol, demonstrating that it is not due to a loosening of intercellular junctions. Experiments performed with different cell lines, grown in a nonpolarized state, confirm that VacA permeabilizes the cell plasma membrane to urea. Inhibition studies indicate that transmembrane pores formed by VacA act as passive urea transporters. Thus, their inhibition by the anion channel blocker 5-nitro-2-(3-phenylpropylamino) benzoic acid significantly decreases toxin-induced urea fluxes in both polarized and nonpolarized cells. Moreover, phloretin, a well-known inhibitor of eukaryotic urea transporters, blocks VacA-mediated urea and ion transport and the toxin’s main biologic effects. These data show that VacA behaves as a low-pH activated, passive urea transporter potentially capable of permeabilizing the gastric epithelium to urea. This opens the novel possibility that in vivo VacA may favor H. pylori infectivity by optimizing urease activity.
OCULISTS AND OPTOMETRISTS
Journal: JAMA (1925)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
NECROLOGY.
Authors: T. G. Richardson
Journal: JAMA (1884)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
UNIFORM STATE REGULATION OF NARCOTICS—A NATIONAL NEED
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Do Vasodilators Benefit Patients Who Have Ischemic Heart Disease?
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Treatment of resistant herpes simplex virus with continuous-infusion acyclovir
Authors: J. P. Engel
Journal: JAMA (1990)

Two patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome who developed severe ulcerative proctitis caused by herpes simplex virus type 2 that was resistant to acyclovir were successfully treated with 6 weeks of high-dose, continuousinfusion acyclovir sodium (1.5 to 2.0 mg/kg per hour). Viruses cultured from the lesions were resistant to acyclovir in vitro after the patients had received prolonged therapy with oral and intravenous acyclovir in traditional divided doses. Investigation into the mechanism of the acyclovir resistance revealed changes in the thymidine-kinase activity of both isolates. This viral enzyme phosphorylates acyclovir and is necessary for drug activation. The first patient's isolate was deficient of all thymidine-kinase activity, while the second patient's isolate had a thymidine kinase with altered substrate specificity for acyclovir. The continuous infusion was safe, well tolerated, and done in an outpatient setting with weekly clinic visits and monitoring of creatinine and acyclovir levels. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1990;263:1662-1664)
Incorrect Author Affiliations, Figure Title, and Company Name
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Øyvind Holme, MD; Magnus Løberg, MD; Mette Kalager, MD, PhD; Michael Bretthauer, MD, PhD; Miguel A. Hernán, MD, DrPH; Eline Aas, PhD; Tor J. Eide, MD, PhD; Eva Skovlund, PhD; Jørn Schneede, MD, PhD; Kjell Magne Tveit, MD, PhD; Geir Hoff, MD, PhD
Interactions among Lead, Cadmium, and Arsenic in Relation to Porphyrin Excretion Patterns
Authors: Bruce A. Fowler, Kathryn R. Mahaffey
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1978)

This paper reviews the effects of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and arsenic (As) on the mitrochondrion with emphasis on alteration of mitochondrial heme biosynthetic pathway. The information was used to examine results of a Pb x Cd x As interaction study which employed urinary porphyrin excretion patterns as one assessment criterion. Data from the study showed that dietary Pb produced increased urinary excretion of aminolevulinic acid (ALA) and coproporphyrin. Dietary exposure to organic or inorganic As caused increased excretion of uroporphyrin and to a lesser extent coproporphyrin, while dietary Cd caused no significant changes in urinary levels of any of the porphyrins measured. The combination of Pb plus As produced an additive effect on coproporphyrin excretion but not that of either ALA or uroporphyrin. These data are discussed in relation to utilization of urinary porphyrins for assessing toxicity and elemental interactions.
Incomplete Funding
Authors: William Lowe, Denise Scholtens, Boyd Metzger
Journal: JAMA (2019)

Lauren T. Wasson, MD, MPH; Amberle Cusmano, MA; Laura Meli, MSEd; Irene Louh, MD, PhD; Louise Falzon, PGDipInf; Meghan Hampsey; Geoffrey Young, PhD; Jonathan Shaffer, PhD, MS; Karina W. Davidson, PhD, MASc
Health System Reform: Still Twitching
Authors: Theodore A. Noel
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —The article by Dr Schiff and colleagues<sup>1</sup>is a utopian paean intended to convince us that a system of health care financing that has failed or is failing everywhere it has been tried can succeed in the United States, perhaps because we are better people than those who have tried it before. The authors suggest that Canada shows us the proper path, even though Canada suffers from medical cost inflation, shortage, long queuing, and rationing. This hardly seems a prescription for improving a system where no one is denied essential care and almost all services are available immediately, year-round. Schiff et al state, "Patient voices must be amplified so that their needs can be better addressed." Under the current nonsystem, each patient is a single voice among thousands covered by a single insurer, with only a small chance of being heard when complaining. It is ludicrous