tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Cardiac valve replacement. Results in patients with advanced disability
Authors: L. R. Bryant
Journal: JAMA (1971)

Cardiac valve replacement was performed in 200 consecutive patients with advanced disability. Mean cardiac index for the group was 2.2 liters/min/sq m, which included 40 patients with an index of 1.6 or below. Correction of two or more valves was required by 25% of the patients. Operative mortality was 27%, and cardiac failure was the most frequent cause of death. Increased operative risk was correlated with multiple valve procedures and with reduced cardiac index. Forty-four late deaths have occurred with actuarial prediction of a 42.6% five-year survival. The analysis suggests that delay in valve replacement is associated with excessive operative mortality and decreased long-term survival.
Reply:
Authors: Sasan Roayaie, Josep Llovet, Myron Schwartz, Vincenzo Mazzaferro
Journal: Hepatology (2013)

We very much appreciate the kind comments of Drs. Fuks, Durand, and Belghiti regarding our article.1 We agree that the microenvironment around the tumor provides valuable information regarding the potential for recurrence and death. However, we feel that this approach is still not ready for conventional clinical practice. Our 186-gene signature is able to define ∼20%-30% of resected patients who will be at high risk of late recurrence, hence de novo tumors, and death.1 Nonetheless, according to recent guidelines this biomarker needs further validation before being adopted into clinical practice or having a role in decision-making.2 Certainly, we endorse testing this signature in prospective studies to confirm its usefulness. Likewise, our current study finds that the presence of stage 4 fibrosis, or cirrhosis, in the surrounding liver correlates with recurrences more than 1 year after resection. These de novo cancers can potentially be considered for repeated hepatic resection, which can achieve excellent results in this setting rather than being referred for preemptive liver transplantation.3 Second, even in a setting where a gene profile obtained by biopsy from the adjacent tissue has been accepted by the scientific community, the main clinical utility will not be derived from deciding between resection or transplantation in patients with a poor prognostic signature, but rather in defining patients suitable for adjuvant therapies after resection. This is clearly an unmet medical need. Such therapies are not available at this point and whether interferon or even sorafenib (STORM) are going to show efficacy as adjuvant treatments remain unclear, and we are eager to know the results of ongoing trials.4 Thus, the results of our study support selecting patients with small hepatocellular carcinomas for resection as first choice and supports performing anatomic resection even in patients with stage 4 fibrosis. Once our gene-signature is mature enough for clinical practice, it may be considered in tailoring adjuvant therapies in a more personalized and cost-effective manner when such therapies are available. Sasan Roayaie M.D.*, Josep Llovet M.D.*, Myron Schwartz M.D.*, Vincenzo Mazzaferro M.D.*, * Department of Surgery, Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY.
Biliary secretion of anionic polypeptide fraction is not coupled to that of phospholipids and cholesterol in rats
Authors: H Verkade
Journal: Hepatology (1997)

Anionic polypeptide fraction (APF) is a phospholipid- and calcium-binding apoprotein present in animal and human bile, predominantly associated with cholesterol-phospholipid vesicles. In bile, the protein may play a physiological role in preventing precipitation of calcium salts. APF has also been suggested to be of regulatory importance in the process of biliary lipid secretion. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether the secretion rates of APF and that of biliary lipids are coupled, which would support a physiological role of APF in biliary lipid secretion. Biliary secretion rates of bile acids, phospholipids, and cholesterol were experimentally modulated in three different rat models. Secretion rates of APF were compared with that of bile acids, lipids, and with that of two other biliary proteins, the lysosomal protein β-glucuronidase and apolipoprotein A-I (apo A-I). Model 1: diurnal variation in bile formation during chronic bile diversion; model 2: specific inhibition of biliary phospholipid and cholesterol, but not of bile acid secretion by infusion of the organic anion, sulfated lithocholyltaurine; model 3: acute interruption of the enterohepatic circulation in unanesthetized rats. The diurnal variation in bile formation involved a parallel increase of the biliary secretion rates of bile acids (+56 ± 7%, mean ± SD), phospholipids (+53 ± 29%), cholesterol (+73 ± 54%), and APF (+72 ± 86%) during the night phase of the cycle. Infusion of sulfated lithocholyltaurine inhibited biliary phospholipid and cholesterol secretion (−78 ± 15%, and −54 ± 25%, respectively), but did not affect biliary bile acid or APF secretion rate (−19 ± 14%, and +12 ± 107%, respectively). Within 4 hours after interruption of the enterohepatic circulation, bile secretion rates for bile acids (−92 ± 3%), phospholipids (−74 ± 13%), cholesterol (−64 ± 8%), and APF (−58 ± 24%) rapidly declined to a new steady-state level. Correlation analysis using the data from the three experimental models indicated that the biliary secretion rate of APF was independent from that of phospholipids, cholesterol, β-glucuronidase, and, presumably, apolipoprotein A-I, and positively correlated to bile acid secretion rate and bile flow. The data from three experimental models indicate that the biliary secretion rates of APF and of phospholipids/cholesterol are not coupled and, therefore, do not support a direct physiological role of APF secretion in biliary lipid secretion. APF secretion into bile may, at least partially, be controlled by biliary bile acid secretion.
Anorchia
Authors: Howard D. Kolodny
Journal: JAMA (1971)

A 19-year-old boy, referred for treatment of "bilateral undescended testicles," was found to have congenital anorchia. Conditions other than cryptorchidism may mimic this anomaly. These include severe virilization of a female child, idiopathic pseudohermaphorditism, true hermaphroditism, and the male counterpart of Turner's syndrome. A method of evaluating the "empty scrotum" is proposed to facilitate early diagnosis and treatment of anorchia. The goal is to prevent progressive eunuchoidism and the stigmata of sexual infantilism. Unlike most anorchid patients, the one reported here had normal body measurements and bone age. He also had relatively high levels of urinary total neutral 17-ketosteroids. Increased production of androgen precursors by the adrenal cortex may have prevented eunuchoidism without stimulating secondary sexual development.
Obituary
Authors: Leo M. Henikoff
Journal: JAMA (1997)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A Practical Treatise on Medical Diagnosis. For the use of students and practitioners.
Journal: JAMA (1896)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Mitonuclear Ecology
Authors: Geoffrey E. Hill
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2015)

Eukaryotes were born of a chimeric union between two prokaryotes—the progenitors of the mitochondrial and nuclear genomes. Early in eukaryote evolution, most mitochondrial genes were lost or transferred to the nucleus, but a core set of genes that code exclusively for products associated with the electron transport system remained in the mitochondrion. The products of these mitochondrial genes work in intimate association with the products of nuclear genes to enable oxidative phosphorylation and core energy production. The need for coadaptation, the challenge of cotransmission, and the possibility of genomic conflict between mitochondrial and nuclear genes have profound consequences for the ecology and evolution of eukaryotic life. An emerging interdisciplinary field that I call "mitonuclear ecology" is reassessing core concepts in evolutionary ecology including sexual reproduction, two sexes, sexual selection, adaptation, and speciation in light of the interactions of mitochondrial and nuclear genomes.
Global Health: What's in It for Us?
Authors: Kathryn S. Brown
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1997)

A new report, America's Vital Interest in Global Health, released in June by the Institute of Medicine's (IOM) Board on International Health, calls for increased U.S. foreign health care spending to fund research and education about diseases of the developing world, a global surveillance system to spot environmental changes and emerging disease conditions, public and private sector partnerships to distribute vaccines and drugs overseas, and a new government body to help coordinate these efforts. The report argues that, in an increasingly global society, the United States can't afford to ignore its neighbors' problems, for economic as well as social reasons.
Anticonvulsant drugs and vitamin D metabolism
Authors: S. Livingston
Journal: JAMA (1973)

A few reports in the medical literature implicate anticonvulsant medication as a cause of abnormal vitamin D metabolism. Our experience with 15,000 patients over the past 36 years fails to confirm such a cause and effect association. The cases of rickets that have accompanied anticonvulsant medication may have represented merely a coincidental occurrence.
Suicide by ingestion of halothane
Authors: J. A. Spencer
Journal: JAMA (1968)

High levels of halothane (Fluothane) were found at autopsy in the serum and various other tissues of a hospital employee and indicate for the first time the range of lethal concentration in man. Modern halogenated hydrocarbon anesthetics are not unpleasant to smell or taste and may be used as suicidal agents. Meticulous anaerobic technique is vital in assessing the role of such agents in autopsy material.
FIB-4 and APRI-scores predict survival in patients with transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic stent shunts
Authors: Simone Anna Keimburg, Jens Theysohn, Matthias Buechter, Jassin Rashidi, Axel Wetter, Christian Lange, Heiner Wedemeyer, Antoaneta Angelova Markova
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2020)
THE ADVANCE OF LABORATORY WORK IN AMERICA.
Journal: JAMA (1895)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Neonatal Hyperthyroidism and Long-acting Thyroid Stimulator Protector
Authors: J. Nutt, F. Clark, R. G. Welch, R. Hall
Journal: BMJ (1974)

Neonatal hyperthyroidism has been thought to result from transplacental passage of long-acting thyroid stimulator (L.A.T.S.) from a mother with Graves9s disease. A case is presented here in which no L.A.T.S. was detected in the mother or neonate but another immunoglobulin, L.A.T.S. protector, a specific human thyroid stimulator, was shown to be present in the mother9s serum. This stimulator may have been the cause of the neonatal hyperthyroidism.
Lumleian Lectures on the Pathology of the Pneumogastric Nerve
Authors: S. O. Habershon
Journal: BMJ (1876)

THE pneumogastric nerve in the abdomen is brought into the closest relationship with the solar plexus and semilunar ganglia of the sym- pathetic nerve, and it is very difficult to separate the pathological changes incident to the one from those which have their origin in the other.The par vagum reaches not only to the stomach, but to the liver, to the duodenum, to the suprarenal capsules, and to the kidney; and it unites with the phrenic nerve as the branches of the latter pass tlhrough the diaphragm.Although the pneumogastric is especially distributed to the muscular coats of the stomach and regulates its movements, still it has sentient branches, and when these are irritated pain is produced; neuralgic pain at the stomach may be due to dis- turbance of this nerve as well as of the sympathetic nerve.Romberg describes gastrodynia neuralgia as due to hyperoesthesia of the pneumo- gastric nerve, and neuralgia c eliaca as traceable to hyper.-esthesia of the solar plexus.Irritation of the nerve will not only produce pain and muscular contraction, as hour-glass contraction, but vomiting, and this of several kinds ; as well as altered secretion, and sometimes per- verted sensation, as craving appetite.When the nerve is weakened or paralysed, another set of symptoms is observed, and we have loss of appetite, aniorexia, and (listension of the stomach.It will be a conve-
Arthus reactions from insulin association with lupus erythematosus cell phenomena
Authors: R. D. Porter
Journal: JAMA (1970)

An obese patient with diabetes developed insulin hypersensitivity manifested by Arthus phenomenon, lupus erythematosus (LE) cells, eosinophilia, and hypergammaglobulinemia. To our knowledge, neither Arthus phenomenon nor LE cells have been related to insulin therapy in the past.
Molecular Dosimetry of Aflatoxin Exposure: Contribution to Understanding the Multifactorial Etiopathogenesis of Primary Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Particular Reference to Hepatitis B Virus
Authors: Christopher P. Wild, Leon A. M. Jansen, Lucyna Cova, Ruggero Montesano
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1993)

Aflatoxin exposure and hepatitis B virus infection have been implicated as major risk factors for primary hepatocellular carcinoma (PHC) in high-incidence regions of the world. Investigations using the assay of aflatoxin bound to peripheral blood albumin have shown that exposure can occur throughout the life span of the individual, including during the perinatal period, in high-incidence areas such as The Gambia, Senegal, Kenya, and The People's Republic of China. The possibility of measuring aflatoxin exposure at the individual level permits an investigation of the putative mechanisms of interaction of this carcinogen with HBV in the etiopathogenesis of PHC. Animal models, e.g., Pekin duck and HBV-transgenic mice, have also been used to study these questions, and the available data are reviewed.
Comment re: Ran-GTP Control of Tumor Cell Mitosis
Authors: Fang Xia, Connie W. Lee, Dario C. Altieri
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

In Response:We thank Simula and colleagues for commenting on our recent article (1), and for reporting their findings of increased Ran expression in a group of patients with histopathologic features of destructive celiac disease. Although it will be necessary to confirm these results in a much larger patient population, the idea that Ran up-regulation may occur in epithelial cells chronically exposed to inflammatory conditions, and prone to full-blown malignant transformation, is generally in keeping with our own conclusions (1), identifying Ran as a mediator of aberrant cell division, potentially contributing to aneuploidy and genomic instability. However, it is important to caution against premature generalization from the initial observations of Simula and colleagues. In particular, our results, along with the data of a follow up study (2), emphasize that increased expression not only of Ran, but also of Ran-GTP effector molecules, for instance survivin, is critical to globally exploit this pathway for deregulated cell division. It is not inconceivable that survivin or other Ran-GTP effector molecules, for instance Aurora A or TPX2, may also become up-regulated during chronic inflammatory responses, in vivo. However, in the absence of these data, a potential causative role of Ran in mediating aberrant cell division during the evolution of celiac disease remains experimentally unproven.No potential conflicts of interest were disclosed.
Rapid Fire ‐ Acute Heart Failure
Authors: Ventura Haro, ; Bonanad, ; Mascarell, ; Minana, ; Escrivano, ; Santas, ; Sanchis, F Chorro, ; Nunez, ; Nunez, J Spinar, ; Parenica, ; Vitovec, ; Spinarova, ; Jarkovsky, L Spinarova, ; Spinar, ; Linhart, ; Widimsky, ; Fedorco, ; Malek, ; Cihalik, ; Dusek, J Jarkovsky
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2014)
Pathologist-Judoka Shows That Proper 'nage-waza' Will Prevent Severe Injuries
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Hurricane
Authors: F. A. Neelon
Journal: JAMA (1997)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Patient advocate or secret agent?
Authors: F. R. Abrams
Journal: JAMA (1986)

IF THE physician fails to maintain the primacy of patient advocacy, he has failed his profession and his patient. The "negative" incentives to save money for prospective payment systems, a health maintenance organization, or a governmental socialized medical system are as bad as the "positive" incentives of a fee-for-service system to overtest or overtreat for physician aggrandizement. Physicians must practice on behalf of their patients. They cannot divide their loyalty, and I am concerned that this basic role is seriously threatened. In view of rapid changes in the provision of medical care in our country, a recent case in England<sup>1</sup>(the differences in jurisprudence and health care access) may be a distant early warning to us in the United States. I believe it illustrates a standard of consent adopted in England that differs substantially from the more complete disclosure in the United States. The English
Editorial: Thromboembolism
Authors: H. H. Hussey
Journal: JAMA (1976)

Clinicians generally agree that early recognition of pulmonary embolism is vital to a patient's welfare since it makes possible prompt treatment to meet the exigencies of the case, whatever they may be. The direct treatment will vary according to individual needs and may entail anticoagulant therapy, ligation or placement of an umbrella filter in the inferior vena cava, pulmonary embolectomy, or a combination of the foregoing methods. Supportive measures may be needed to relieve pain, to treat infection in the case of septic pulmonary infarction, or to treat shock or congestive heart failure. The problem of recognizing pulmonary embolism or infarction has been alluded to in an earlier editorial (226: 1351, 1973). The problem exists because the disorder is a great mimicker and its manifestations are often subtly misleading. Thus, it may appear as an otherwise unexplained fever following a surgical operation or in a patient with congestive heart failure;