tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Pharmacokinetics of 5-azacitidine given with phenylbutyrate in patients with refractory solid tumors or hematologic malignancies
Authors: M. A. Rudek, M. Zhao, P. He, C. Hartke, J. Gilbert, S. D. Gore, M. A. Carducci, S. D. Baker
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

2061 Background: 5-azacitidine (5AC, Vidaza), a cytidine nucleoside analogue, has anticancer properties and has been utilized in the treatment of various malignancies. Despite FDA approval, 5AC pharmacokinetics (PK) has not been previously described. Sequential addition of histone deacetylase inhibitors to cells preincubated with DNA methyltransferase inhibitors synergistically reactivates the expression of genes silenced through promoter methylation. The combination of 5AC and phenylbutyrate, a histone deaceytlase inhibitor, was taken into clinical trials. The purpose was to characterize the PK behavior of 5AC when given with phenylbutyrate. Methods: PK data were obtained from two trials involving patients with solid tumor and hematologic malignancies. 5AC at doses ranging from 10 to 75 mg/m2 was administered once daily as a subcutaneous injection for varying duration in combination with phenylbutyrate administered as a continuous intravenous infusion every 28 or 35 days. Serial plasma samples were collected up to 24 hours after 5AC administration. 5AC was quantitated using a validated LC/MS/MS method (M Zhao, J Chrom B 2004). PK was assessed using noncompartmental Methods: Results: The PK were performed on 24 patients with 30 PK periods. 5AC was rapidly absorbed with the mean Tmax occurring at 0.47 h. Average Cmax and AUC0-t values increased in a dose-proportionate manner with increasing dose. The mean ± SD Cmax at 10 and 75 mg/m2/d was 187.8 ± 114.0 ng/mL (766.8 ± 465.5 nM) and 1192.8 ± 342.4 ng/mL (4870.6 ± 1398.1 nM), respectively. The mean ± SD AUC0-t at 10 and 75 mg/m2/d was 202.9 ± 89.8 h*ng/mL (828.5 ± 366.7 h*nM) and 1454.8 ± 371.8 h*ng/mL (5940.4 ± 1518.2 h*nM), respectively. Interpatient variation in AUC was 1.7- to 3.4-fold. Despite a short t1/2 of 1.6 ± 2.4 h, 5AC inhibits DNA methyl transferase activity in tumors of patients. Conclusions: 5AC is rapidly absorbed and eliminated when administered subcutaneously. Sufficient 5AC exposure is achieved to produce pharmacodynamic effects in tumors. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Pharmion Pharmion
THE USE AND ABUSE OF HYPNOTICS.
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Lysophospholipid Receptors
Authors: Nobuyuki Fukushima, Isao Ishii, James JA Contos, Joshua A Weiner, Jerold Chun
Journal: The Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology (2001)

Lysophospholipids (LPs), including lysophosphatidic acid and sphingosine 1-phosphate, produce many cellular effects. However, the prolonged absence of any cloned and identified LP receptor has left open the question of how these lipids actually bring about these effects. The cloning and functional identification of the first LP receptor, lp A1 /vzg-1, has led rapidly to the identification and classification of multiple orphan receptors/expression sequence tags known by many names (e.g. edg, mrec1.3, gpcr26, H218, AGR16, nrg-1) as members of a common cognate G protein-coupled receptor family. We review features of the LP receptor family, including molecular characteristics, genomics, signaling properties, and gene expression. A major question for which only partial answers are available concerns the biological significance of receptor-mediated LP signaling. Recent studies that demonstrate the role of receptor-mediated LP signaling in the nervous system, cardiovascular system, and other organ systems indicate the importance of this signaling in development, function, and pathophysiology and portend an exciting time ahead for this growing field.
Obituary
Authors: Frank J. Lepreau
Journal: JAMA (1989)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Acetylsalicylic acid in the prevention of early stenosis and occlusion of transjugular intrahepatic portal-systemic stent shunts: A controlled study
Authors: L Theilmann
Journal: Hepatology (1994)

Stenosis or occlusion of the transjugular intrahepatic portal-systemic stent shunt may be initiated by aggregation and activation of thrombocytes on the surface of the metallic stent material. To find effective prevention of this event, we conducted a controlled trial administering acetylsalicylic acid for 3 mo. Forty-four patients (8 women and 36 men) with portal hypertension were included in this study. The patients were randomized into a group receiving 100 mg acetylsalicylic acid/day (n = 21) or into a control group (n = 23). Treatment was started immediately after transjugular intrahepatic portal-systemic stent shunt. Three months after transjugular intrahepatic portal-systemic stent shunt, 15 patients in the acetylsalicyclic acid group and 19 patients in the control group underwent clinical reevaluation, gastroscopy and recatheterization with determination of the portal-systemic pressure gradient. No variceal bleeding occurred in any patients. In four patients in the acetylsalicylic acid group, erosive gastritis was observed in gastroscopy in contrast to only one patient in the control group. Complete patency of the stent was noted in 10 of 15 patients in the acetylsalicylic acid group and in 14 of 19 patients in the control group. Transjugular intrahepatic portal-systemic stent shunt restenosis associated with a significant increase of the portal-systemic gradient occurred in five patients in the acetylsalicylic acid group, which required redilation in all and additional stent placement for expansion of the stented tract in two patients. In the control group, redilation was necessary in five patients with additional stent extension in two patients. Transjugular intrahepatic portal-systemic stent shunt effectively prevented recurrence of variceal bleeding in the first 3 mo despite significant stent restenosis. The latter could not be prevented by acetylsalicylic acid treatment. (HEPATOLOGY 1994;20:592–597).
Sublingual Immunotherapy
Authors: Anthony J. Frew
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2008)

A 28-year-old man presents with allergic rhinitis, primarily due to grass pollen, that has not previously responded to antihistamines and nasal sprays. A trial of sublingual immunotherapy is recommended. Sublingual immunotherapy is more convenient than injection immunotherapy. However, only one agent, which is specific for grass-pollen allergies, has been approved for clinical use in some European countries. The Food and Drug Administration has not approved any agent for sublingual immunotherapy.
Abdominal Surgery
Authors: Arthur W. Allen, Claude E. Welch
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1949)

A REVIEW of the literature for the past year resulted in the abstracting of over 200 articles on surgical conditions of the abdomen that were considered of value. Since space is limited, all references except those given below are omitted. It is obvious that our selection of the contributions regarded as most pertinent to progress will, in the minds of some, fall short of a complete survey. We have tried, however, to present a fair estimate of the past year's work on new and controversial subjects.Surgery in the AgedCutler1 reports the results obtained in a group of 204 . . .
Alteration of digoxin pharmacokinetics by a single dose of quinidine
Authors: T. S. Chen
Journal: JAMA (1980)

To determine whether a single dose of quinidine sulfate might alter serum digoxin levels, patients receiving maintenance digoxin therapy who required quinidine had their serum digoxin levels measured after oral administration of digoxin, quinidine, or both. In group 1, digoxin and quinidine were administered orally together; in group 2, digoxin was administered orally alone; and in group 3, quinidine was administered orally, 24 hours after the last dose of digoxin. In group 1, serum digoxin level increased by 2.0±0.4 ng/mL (from 1.0±0.1 ng/mL), but in group 2, serum digoxin level increased by only 1.0±0.1 ng/mL (from 1.0±0.1 ng/mL). Group 3 showed no change in serum digoxin concentration. Time of maximum digoxin concentration also occurred earlier when digoxin and quinidine were administered together. Thus, a single dose of quinidine will increase the peak digoxin level when administered together with oral digoxin. (<i>JAMA</i>244:669-672, 1980)
Outreach by primary-care physicians
Authors: M. Henk
Journal: JAMA (1975)

Outreach can be accomplished by the primary-care physician if he institutes data systems that permit identification of cohorts of his patients by age, sex, diagnoses, and area of residence. These systems were used by the Rochester Family Medicine Program to identify and invite patients at risk to receive prophylactic influenza immunization, participate in an obesity treatment group, and receive screening tests for lead intoxication. (<i>JAMA</i>233:256-259, 1975)
Chyluria with lymphangiographic abnormalities
Authors: M. Pomerantz
Journal: JAMA (1966)

CHYLURIA is a disease in which the anatomical defect is characterized by abnormal connections between the lymphatic and genitourinary systems. Although described by Hippocrates,<sup>1</sup>it was not until the advent of retrograde pyelography and lymphangiography that these communications were demonstrable in the living subject. While pyelolymphatic reflux was demonstrated as early as 1929,<sup>2</sup>it was not until 1963 that the first reports in the English literature described the demonstration of these communications by lymphangiography.<sup>3,4</sup>Since then several additional case reports have been published.<sup>5,6</sup> Recently, we have had the opportunity to study a patient with chyluria who demonstrated pyelolymphatic reflux on retrograde pyelography. In addition, abnormal communications between the retroperitoneal lymphatics and the left kidney were demonstrable by lymphangiography. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 56-year-old native North Carolinian farmer was first admitted to the Duke University Medical Center on July 22, 1963. The significant findings were right
Herpes Simplex-Produced Encephalitis
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Teetering
Authors: Alexandra Colt
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Neurology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Neurology journal
Iron supplementation inhibits dry cough associated with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors Sang-Chol Lee, Seung Woo Park, June Soo Kim, Duk-Kyung Kim, Sang Hoon Lee, Kyung Pyo Hong, Jeong-Euy Park, Jung Don Seo, Won Ro Lee. Cardiac and vascular Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Palindromic Rheumatism
Authors: S. A. Wolfson, M. S. Alter
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1948)

In 1941 and 1944 Hench and Rosenberg reported their observations on an hitherto undescribed recurrent, afebrile form of joint disease to which they applied the term "palindromic rheumatism ". " Palindromic " means " recurrent " or " subsiding without coming to a head " and is descriptive of the many sudden and rapidly subsiding attacks which characterize the condition.The most remarkable feature of this rather rare disease is that the affected joints escape anatomical injury in spite of scores or even hundreds of attacks.These authors furnished the criteria by which this disease could be dif- ferentiated from other arthropathic disorders, and in particular from rheumatoid arthritis both in its well known and its " episodic " forms.A number of subsequent observers have reported additional cases which conform to the original descriptions.The aetiology remains obscure.Because of the benign prognosis it is essential that such cases' be recognized and so classified.It is hoped that a report of an additional case and a review of the literature will stimulate7 further observations and bring into relief factors which may help to explain the disease. Case ReportA white woman, 42 years of age, was admitted to hospital on June 20; 1947, with complaints of pain, redness, and swelling of the wrist, shoulders, and finger joints.She was a multigrapher and stenographer.The past history revealed only an " allergy to milk ", mani- fested by " blotches on the hips and elsewhere ", which disappeared while she was in military service but re- appeared following separation from the Service.Social, family, and menstrual histories and routine psychiatric survey were non-contributory.A review of the systems was negative other than for the presenting complaints.She had been in the Service from August 28, 1943, until April 30, 1946, and had not been overseas.While in the Service the patient's duties, which involved frequent lifting of heavy supplies, had to be modified because of pains in the back.She was assigned to a multigraphing machine, the operation of which required- striking the ball of a lever-arm with the palm of the hand.Soon after this, in June, 1944, she experienced the first definite attack of pain, redness, and swelling of joints of the right middle and ring fingers.Shortly thereafter both shoulders became red, swollen, and painful.There then elapsed a period of almost three years during which time no attacks occurred.Before entry to hospital she had been doing steno- graphic work after many months of no such occupation.In April, 1947, the left shoulder became stiff and painful without redness or swelling.This subsided -in a few hours.In May, 1947, a metacarpophalangeal joint developed pain and swelling.This also subsided in about twelve hours.There then followed approximately five attacks of pain, redness, and swelling involving the hands, wrists, and shoulders over a period of one month.No two joints were involved simultaneously.Some relief was obtained from heat and the use of salicylates.On June 14, 1947, the right shoulder becane red,
Dorothy
Authors: Roger B. Granet
Journal: JAMA (1983)

Dorothy, white-haired and wasting, lay impassively in the bed. She stared ahead, perhaps preoccupied with a past event as are many others with dementia. She was the focus of the discussion by the four who surrounded her. Yet her presence was ignored, with the exception of her husband, the Scarecrow, who tightly held Dorothy's hand. He spoke first, with his typical crispness: "It seems impossible to make an intelligent decision. There is so much that argues for a nursing home," he sighed, "and so much to suggest we bring her back home. The more I reflect, the more uncertainty I experience." His daughter, the Lioness, tossed back her long blond mane of hair, looked away from her father and said to no one in particular, "I am not sure I have the nerve to help make a choice." Her words did not convey the sense of strength that her physical
Corticosteroid aerosols for the treatment of asthma
Authors: M. H. Williams
Journal: JAMA (1975)

CORTICOSTEROIDS are widely and effectively employed for the treatment of asthma, but their use is limited by the unpleasant and potentially dangerous side effects of hypercorticism. During the past 25 years, a number of attempts have been made to administer corticosteroids by aerosol in order to induce a therapeutic effect on the airways without producing systemic absorption. Aerosolization of prednisone, hydrocortisone, and particularly dexamethasone has produced a therapeutic effect in many patients with asthma, but often this was associated with the development or persistence of hypercorticism. A general conclusion emerged: to be effective, aerosolization of these compounds usually causes serious systemic absorption with suppression of adrenal function. <h3>Beclomethasone, Betamethasone, and Triamcinolone</h3> During the past two years, a new preparation,<i>beclomethasone dipropionate</i>(Becotide, Propaderm [Britain]) has been introduced in England. A series of studies, including the requisite double-blind, controlled investigations, demonstrated it to be an effective agent for the treatment of
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus osteomyelitis in a neonate
Authors: J. L. Weeks
Journal: JAMA (1981)

METHICILLIN-resistant strains of<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>were first reported from the United States as early as 1960. However, outbreaks of nosocomial infections caused by these organisms, usually involving adult patients, have only recently been reported.<sup>1,2</sup>Such an outbreak associated with<i>S aureus</i>resistant to methicillin, the cephalosporins, erythromycin, lincomycin, clindamycin, and kanamycin occurred among neonates housed in the intermediate and intensive care nurseries of our city-county hospital during the summer of 1979. The index patient had persistent bacteremia and multiple bone osteomyelitis that were successfully treated with gentamicin and vancomycin. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 1.0-kg male infant was born to an apparently healthy 20-year-old mother. Gestational age was 22 weeks by history and 30 weeks by physical examination. The pregnancy was uncomplicated. Ventilatory support was required for the first two days of life for transient tachypnea of the newborn and apnea. An umbilical arterial catheter (UAC), placed shortly after
Medi-Cult. The A-B-C of the Medical Profession.
Journal: JAMA (1925)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal