tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The dopamine D2 receptor gene and alcoholism
Authors: Stevens S. Smith, David A. Gorelick, Bruce F. O'Hara, George R. Uhl
Journal: JAMA (1991)

<h3>To the Editor. —</h3> Two JAMA reports differ in describing the association between a D<sub>2</sub>dopamine receptor gene allele and alcoholism. Blum et al<sup>1</sup>found that the Al allele of the D<sub>2</sub>gene was present in a significantly higher percentage of 35 alcoholics (69%) than in 35 nonalcoholic controls (20%). Diagnoses were made post mortem; therefore, limited descriptive information was available. Bolos et al<sup>2</sup>assessed the gene's distribution in a group of 40 white alcoholics (38% Al) and 127 racially matched controls (30% Al) but found no evidence for an association between the D<sub>2</sub>receptor allele and alcoholism. There is a limitation in the second study. Although Bolos et al conducted thorough clinical assessments of alcoholic subjects, they present no characteristics (except race) of their "control" subjects. Their control subjects could be alcoholics (or have other relevant psychiatric diagnoses, such as affective disorder). Further, the
Admission of old people to psychiatric units.
Journal: BMJ (1980)

Listening and talking to patients SIR,-I was delighted to read the first of the articles (27 September, p 845) by Professor Charles Fletcher on the issue of listening and talking to patients.Medical students learn their medicine by following the example of their seniors.While every attention is paid to the acquisition of the facts about the physical condition, too often insufficient attention is paid to associated emotional problems.
<i>Circulation</i> : Clinical Summaries
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Minimally invasive operations have gained wider acceptance in the field of cardiac surgery during the last decade.Despite the obvious advantages, these operations have been challenged for delivering the same results as conventional surgery.Particular concerns have been raised because an additional learning phase is required.However, the often cited learning curves have barely been examined methodically.The purpose of this study was to assess the learning process involved in the performance of minimally invasive surgery of the mitral valve.It comprises a frank analysis of the past and delivers insight in the current training program and its monitoring.It also shows the usefulness of the sequential probability cumulative sum failure analysis as an easy tool for early detection of systemic problems.We found that a true learning curve exists for minimally invasive surgery of the mitral valve operations.Although the number of operations required to overcome the minimally invasive surgery of the mitral valve learning curve is substantial, marked variation exists between individual surgeons.For some surgeons, the analysis even resulted in retraining under supervision.Such information could be very helpful in structuring future training and maintenance of competence programs for this kind of surgery.See p 483.
Conditional immortalization of gunn rat hepatocytes: An ex vivo model for evaluating methods for bilirubin-UDP-glucuronosyltransferase gene transfer*1
Authors: I FOX
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

Viral vectors and protein carriers utilizing asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGR)-mediated endocytosis are being developed to transfer genes for the correction of bilirubin-UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (bilirubin-UGT) deficiency. Ex vivo evaluation of these gene transfer vectors would be facilitated by a cell system that lacks bilirubin-UGT, but expresses differentiated liver functions, including ASGR. We immortalized primary Gunn rat hepatocytes by transduction with a recombinant Moloney murine leukemia virus expressing a thermolabile mutant SV40 large T antigen (tsA58). At 33°C, the immortalized hepatocyte clones expressed SV40 large T antigen, synthesized DNA, and doubled in number every 2 to 3 days. At this temperature, differentiated hepatocyte markers, e.g., albumin, ASGR, and androsterone-UGT, were expressed at 5% to 10% of the levels found in primary hepatocytes maintained in culture for 24 hours. Glutathione-S-transferase Yp(GST-Yp), an oncofetal protein, was expressed in these cells at 33°C, but was undetectable in primary hepatocytes. In contrast, when the cells were cultured at 39°C or 37°C, the large T antigen was degraded, DNA synthesis and cell growth stopped, and morphologic characteristics of differentiated hepatocytes were observed. The expression of albumin, ASGR, and androsterone-UGT, and their corresponding mRNAs, increased to 25% to 40% of the level in primary hepatocytes, whereas GST-Yp expression decreased. Functionality of ASGR was demonstrated by internalization of Texas red-labeled asialoorosomucoid, and binding and degradation of 125I-asialoorosomucoid. After liposome-mediated transfer of a plasmid containing the coding region of human bilirubin-UGT1, driven by the SV40 large T promoter, active human bilirubin-UGT1 was expressed in these cells. The immortalized cells were not tumorigenic after transplantation into severe combined immunodeficiency mice. These conditionally immortalized cells will be useful for ex vivo evaluation of bilirubin-UGT gene transfer vectors.
Rapid Changes for Academic Medical Centers
Authors: John K. Iglehart
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1995)

With the rapid growth of managed care and the demise of comprehensive health care reform, most academic medical centers now seem to recognize that they can no longer operate as specialty-driven institutions largely divorced from trends that favor lower costs, less hospitalization, and more primary care. Many centers are responding to these trends by striving to build or join networks of providers in the community. They are greatly expanding their capacity to deliver primary care and teach medical students and residents at ambulatory care training sites. Some centers are also integrating their business and clinical operations, streamlining their management structures, . . .
Variation in Amount of Hemoglobin S in Patient with Sickle Cell Trait and Megaloblastic Anemia
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Prevention of posttransfusion hepatitis B and C by screening for antibody to hepatitis C virus and antibody to HBcAg
Authors: H Chung
Journal: Hepatology (1993)

Screening of blood donors by testing for antibody to HBcAg and antibody to hepatitis C virus is commonly done. However, the applicability of these screening tests may vary depending on the prevalence of hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infection in various populations. We have therefore prospectively evaluated 158 adult patients who received blood or blood products during open-heart surgery in Hong Kong to compare the efficacy of various serological screening tests in the prevention of posttransfusion hepatitis. Serum from five (0.5%) donors was positive for antibody to hepatitis C virus by second-generation enzyme immunoassay; in two, optical-density readings in enzyme immunoassay were greater than 2.0, but only one was positive for hepatitis C virus RNA by reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction. The latter donor was also positive for antibody to HBcAg and had elevated serum ALT activity. The recipient of a unit of this donor's blood was the only one in whom posttransfusion hepatitis C developed (0.1% per unit transfused). Screening with antibody to hepatitis C virus was more specific than that with antibody to HBcAg or ALT in excluding donors from transmitting hepatitis C (99.6%, 79.4% and 98.8%, respectively). Both the sensitivity and negative predictive value of screening for antibody to hepatitis C virus were 100%, but the positive predictive value was only 20%. Forty-five blood recipients were considered susceptible to hepatitis B virus infection because testing for hepatitis B serology in serum (HBsAg, antibody to HBsAg and antibody to HBcAg) was negative before being transfused. Asymptomatic hepatitis B seroconversion developed in three (6.7%) recipients (1.1% per unit transfused). One was transiently positive for HBsAg, and all three became positive for antibody to HBsAg and antibody to HBcAg during follow-up. One patient received a unit of blood that was positive for antibody to HBcAg and hepatitis B virus DNA by polymerase chain reaction. The second patient received a unit of blood with antibody to HBcAg but negative for hepatitis B virus DNA. The blood administered to the third patient was negative for hepatitis B markers, including hepatitis B virus DNA by polymerase chain reaction. Exclusion of donors with isolated antibody to HBcAg had the highest sensitivity and specificity for prevention of posttransfusion hepatitis B (66.7% and 96.1%, respectively). This approach yielded a positive predictive value of 16.7% and a negative predictive value of 99.6%. Antibody to hepatitis C virus should be screened in all blood donors to minimize the risk of posttransfusion hepatitis C. In hepatitis B virus–endemic areas, further reduction of the risk of posttransfusion hepatitis B with blood from HBsAg-negative volunteer donors is difficult. Our data suggest that excluding donors with isolated antibody to HBcAg may be the most effective approach. (HEPATOLOGY 1993;18:1045-1049).
Implications of pancreatic cancer with diabetes mellitus on patient outcomes and care: A matched case-control study.
Authors: Nina J. Karlin, Shailja Amin, Matthew Buras, Heidi E. Kosiorek, Patricia M. Verona, Curtiss B. Cook
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2018)

239 Background: The aim of this case-control study was to determine the impact of DM on survival in pancreatic cancer patients, and to examine the impact of pancreatic cancer on glycemic control in DM. Methods: Ninety-two patients with newly diagnosed pancreatic cancer from 2007 to 2015 with DM were identified from the institutional Cancer Registry and matched to ninety-two pancreatic cancer patients without DM according to age, gender, and year of pancreatic cancer diagnosis. The file was linked to the electronic medical record to obtain information on DM and pancreatic cancer therapies, and laboratory results. Overall survival (OS) was estimated with the Kaplan-Meier method and compared by Cox regression analysis. Mixed models were used to compare hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and glucose over time. Results: Mean age of the entire pancreatic cancer cohort was 70 years, most (92%) were white, most common (88%) histology was adenocarcinoma, and majority (41%) were stage IV. No differences in age, race/ethnicity, histology, or tumor stage were detected between patients with and without DM, although DM patients had higher body mass index (P = 0.014). Mean ca 19-9 (U/ml) was 804 for diabetics, and 395 for non-diabetics. Among those with DM the mean HbA1c during the year following cancer diagnosis was 7.3%. Time (days since diagnosis) was significant in DM patients (p = 0.014) as HbA1c decreased over time. Mean glucose during the year following diagnosis among DM patients was significantly higher compared to non-DM patients [160.6 (SD = 38.0) versus 117.2 (SD = 19.0); p &lt; 0.001]. Both groups had a decline in glucose over time (p = 0.008). In Kaplan-Meier survival analysis (median follow-up time of 11.9 months), 2 year overall survival was estimated at 15% [95% CI: 8-24%] for DM patients versus 26% [95% CI: 17-36%] in non-DM patients. Hazard ratio (for matched pairs) was 1.15 (95% CI: 0.75-1.77; p = 0.51). Conclusions: DM did not adversely impact survival in patients with pancreatic cancer. Pancreatic cancer did not affect glycemic control. Elevated ca 19-9 in diabetic patients may be an unreliable marker for gauging disease progression.
Announcement
Authors: Jean Cottraux, Ivan Note, Sai Nan Yao, Sylviane Lafont, Brigitte Note, Evelyne Mollard, Martine Bouvard, Alain Sauteraud, Marc Bourgeois, Jean-François Dartigues, Gieta van der Pompe, Michael H. Antoni, Hugo J. Duivenvoorden, Alexander de Graeff, R.F.A. Simonis, Sytze G.L. van der Vegt, Cobi J. Heijnen, Eamonn Ferguson, Giovanni A. Fava, Fedra Ottolini, Nicoletta Sonino, Valdo Ricca, Edoardo Mannucci, Barbara Mezzani, Sandra Moretti, Milena Di Bernardo, Marco Bertelli, Carlo M. Rotella, Carlo Faravelli, Ludwig Teusch, Hildegard Böhme, Jobst Finke, Markus Gastpar
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2001)

poster presentations.
Med Res Engineering, Garden City, NY
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Correction
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Nuclear Medicine
Authors: Richard C. Reba
Journal: JAMA (1993)

Nuclear medicine is a clinical specialty that has relied heavily on advances in several basic science disciplines and has used tracer principles to improve patient diagnosis and treatment. This partnership with the physical and chemical sciences continues to be productive and has resulted in some major clinical applications during 1992 involving maturing instrumentation, improvements in diagnostic accuracy incorporating knowledge from molecular biology, and new techniques to control bone pain from generalized skeletal metastases. An important new thrust of nuclear medicine research is to incorporate the technology being developed in molecular biology and structural biology so that the fundamental revelations about the control of normal and aberrant cell function can be exploited in patient diagnosis and treatment.<sup>1</sup>During the past year, clinical nuclear medicine has introduced important advances in diagnosis and treatment of patients with cancer. Although the prospect of treating or localizing cancer with specific antibodies labeled with radioactivity,
THU0240 Dysregulations in The Sphingolipid Pathway in SLE Patients
Authors: A. Checa, H. Idborg, D.G. Sar, P.-J. Jakobsson, C.E. Wheelock, I. Gunnarsson
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2016)

<h3>Background</h3> Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease with a heterogeneous presentation of symptoms from joints, skin, kidneys, central nervous system, lungs, and the cardiovascular system. There is no cure for SLE and development of novel drugs and biomarkers of effective treatment is needed. Sphingolipids are bioactive signaling molecules involved in the regulation of cell growth, differentiation and apoptosis. Dysregulation of single sphingolipids has been described in several diseases with an inflammatory component and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) agonist (Fingolimod) is investigated as treatment in SLE. Therefore, the sphingolipid pathway has arisen as very important compounds to study in respect to SLE pathogenesis. The compounds of the sphingolipid pathway are highly correlated and simultaneous measure of several sphingolipids in an "omics" like analysis is expected to provide more information than compounds individually determined. <h3>Objectives</h3> Our objective is to screen the sphingolipid pathway in patients with SLE compared to healthy controls. In addition we aim to study if the altered sphingolipids will be normalized after treatment. <h3>Methods</h3> EDTA-plasma from 107 SLE female patients were screened for 34 different sphingolipids by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and compared to matched healthy population-based donors (n=23). In addition, female SLE patients (n=22) were analyzed before and after induction of remission treatment. <h3>Results</h3> SLE patients were found to exhibit an altered sphingolipid profile compared to controls. Significantly (p&lt;0.01) increased levels of C16:0- and C24:1-ceramides, C16:0, C18:0 and C24:1-hexosylceramides and decreased levels of S1P were found in SLE patients compared to controls. The observed higher levels of ceramide to S1P ratios in SLE patients may reflect the blockage of the pathway that is controlled by ceramidase and can be inhibited by nitric oxide. These alterations were associated with SLAM and SLEDAI clinical scores and were normalized after induction of remission treatment. <h3>Conclusions</h3> This work shows the importance of performing a holistic approach targeting the different molecules of the sphingolipid pathway. Our results show dysregulations in circulating sphingolipids in patients with SLE and normalized after treatment, suggesting that sphingolipids may be useful markers of disease progression and possible drug targets. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
THE TREATMENT OF TETANUS.
Journal: JAMA (1905)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Correction: The ALK inhibitor AZD3463 effectively inhibits growth of sorafenib-resistant acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Sausan A. Moharram, Kinjal Shah, Fatima Khanum, Lars Rönnstrand, Julhash U. Kazi
Journal: Blood Cancer Journal (2019)

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Concussions in international ice hockey championships and olympic winter games between 2006 and 2015
Authors: Markku Tuominen, Timo Hänninen, Jari Parkkari, Michael J Stuart, Teemu M Luoto, Pekka Kannus, Mark Aubry
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2017)

Objective To describe the occurrence and trend of concussions during the international ice hockey tournaments. Design Register study. Setting The International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF) World Championships (WC) and Olympic Winter Games (OWG). Participants A total of 3293 games were played in the 169 tournaments by 1212 teams (26130 players) comprising 142244 athletic game exposures. Outcome measures One hundred and sixty concussions were observed. Main results The average injury rate (IR) for concussion was 1.1 per 1000 ice hockey player-games for all IIHF WC tournaments. The injury rate was highest in men’s WC A-pool tournaments and OWG (IR 1.6) and lowest in women’s WC and OWG (IR 0.9). However, the annual injury rate for concussion in men’s tournament has been lower than that in World Junior tournaments since 2012. When a concussion occurred with contact on a flexible board the IR was 0.2 per 1,000 player games while the number was 1.1 if the board and glass were traditional [RR for the latter: 6.4 (95% CI 1.50 – 27.61]. In men’s tournaments, the trend of concussions caused by illegal hits decreased over the study period. After the 2012 Zurich Consensus Guidelines none of the concussed players in men’s WC returned to play during the same day. Conclusions The risk of concussion was significantly lower if games were played on rinks with flexible board and glass. Between 2006 and 2015, the annual risk of concussion in men’s WC has been decreasing because of the decreasing number of concussions caused by illegal hits. Competing interests None