tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Migraine headaches
Authors: A. P. Friedman
Journal: JAMA (1972)

Despite numerous theories on the pathogenesis of migraine, the exact site of origin of a migraine attack remains unknown. Although most attention has been directed toward the peripheral nervous system, the central nervous system plays an important though incompletely understood role. There are a variety of types of migraine, but similar mechanisms seem to operate in all variants. Based on present evidence, the symp-, toms of migraine are related to a disturbance of the central vasomotor centers, the extracranial and intracranial blood vessels, and the microcirculation.<sup>1,2</sup>Each attack represents an initial phase of arterial vasoconstriction, largely intracranial, and associated with a slowly spreading process of cortical depression accounting for the slow progressive march of neurological symptoms, followed by a phase of painful arterial vasodilatation with increased blood flow of the extracranial or scalp arteries associated with a localized "sterile inflammation" of the arterial wall. However, this traditional view that
CXCL11-dependent induction of FOXP3-negative regulatory T cells suppresses autoimmune encephalomyelitis
Authors: Yaniv Zohar, Gizi Wildbaum, Rostislav Novak, Andrew L. Salzman, Marcus Thelen, Ronen Alon, Yiftah Barsheshet, Christopher L. Karp, Nathan Karin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2017)

The Editors recently became aware that some of the flow cytometry plots in this article were duplicated and used to represent different samples.Specifically, in Figure 5C, the flow cytometry plots of IFN-γ-and IL-17-stained cells from IgG1-and CXCL10-Ig-treated animals are from the same sample.In addition, in Figure 7A, the spinal cord samples from the PBS-and IgG1-treated animals are the same; the spleen samples from the CXCL11-Ig-and IgG1-treated animals are the same; and the lymph node samples for the PBS-and IgG1-treated animals are the same.The authors were unable to provide the original data for these figures.
Pituitary Stones
Authors: GIOVANNI DI CHIRO
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1975)

Two cases of patients having calcification within the sella turcica (pituitary stones) have been studied and followed up, one patient for 18 years. A detailed analysis of the radiographic findings and endocrinologic profiles of these two patients is presented. The rarity of bona fide pituitary stones and their benign nature, as evidenced by the two cases reported here, are emphasized.
Farnesoid X receptor alpha ligands inhibit hepatitis delta virus replication in vitro independently of their effect on hepatitis B virus
Authors: Benoît Lacombe, Julie Lucifora, Camille Ménard, Michelet Maud, Adrien Foca, Pauline Abrial, David Durantel, Patrice Andre, Christophe Ramière
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2020)
New diagnostic technique BEAmed at dyslexia
Authors: V. S. Cowart
Journal: JAMA (1982)

A sophisticated system of mapping brain electrical activity apparently is highly discriminating in identifying dyslexia and may have other diagnostic applications in the field of learning disabilities. The noninvasive brain electrical activity mapping (BEAM) program takes data from spectral analysis of EEGs and evoked potentials (EPs) and displays them topographically on a color television screen. It then employs a technique called significance probability mapping (SPM) to demonstrate and compare normal and abnormal responses to stimuli. The project was described at the meeting of the Association for Children and Adults with Learning Disabilities in Chicago by Frank H. Duffy, MD, associate professor of neurology at Harvard Medical School and director of developmental neurophysiology at Children's Hospital in Boston. Duffy entered medicine with a degree in electrical engineering and applied mathematics and thus has the background to feel comfortable with the high-technology aspects of the system. "We've been doing mapping for about
Table of Contents
Authors: Charikleia Stefanaki, Melpomeni Peppa, George Mastorakos, George Chrousos, Athanasios Anastasilakis, Dimitrios Koulaxis, Nikoleta Kefala, Stergios Polyzos, Jagriti Upadhyay, Eirini Pagkalidou, Fotios Economou, Chrysostomos Anastasilakis, Christos Mantzoros, Pengyuan Zhang, Lijuan Xu, Hongyu Guan, Liehua Liu, Juan Liu, Zhimin Huang, Xiaopei Cao, Zhihong Liao, Haipeng Xiao, Yanbing Li
Journal: Metabolism (2017)
Authors’ Reply
Authors: Jung-Im Shin, Yingying Sang, Stephan C. Dunning, Morgan E. Grams
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2020)

To address the question raised by Dr. Rutkowski,1 we performed a post hoc analysis examining how often Black patients with an eGFR of 30–44 ml/min per 1.73 m2, calculated using the CKD–Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equation, who were prescribed metformin, would have been reclassified as having an eGFR <30 ml/min per 1.73 m2 if GFR were estimated using the CKD-EPI equation without the race coefficient. This reclassification is clinically important because metformin is contraindicated for patients with eGFR <30 ml/min per 1.73 m2, according to the current Food and Drug Administration (FDA) label.2 In the primary cohort (Johns Hopkins Medicine) of our study,3 121 Black patients with a CKD-EPI eGFR of 30–44 ml/min per 1.73 m2 were prescribed metformin after the FDA label change. Of these patients, 15 (12.4%) would have an eGFR <30 ml/min per 1.73 m2 if the race coefficient were not used. In the replication cohorts (OptumLabs Data Warehouse), 1850 Black patients with a CKD-EPI eGFR of 30–44 ml/min per 1.73 m2 were prescribed metformin in the third year after the FDA label change, and 288 (15.6%) would have an eGFR <30 ml/min per 1.73 m2 if the race coefficient were not used. The patients who were reclassified from eGFR of 30–44 ml/min per 1.73 m2 (metformin eligible) to eGFR <30 ml/min per 1.73 m2 (metformin ineligible) had a range of eGFR from 30.1 to 34.8 ml/min per 1.73 m2 when GFR was estimated using the CKD-EPI equation with the race coefficient. These findings suggest that approximately 12%–16% of patients eligible for metformin with CKD-EPI eGFR of 30–44 ml/min per 1.73 m2 would be ineligible for metformin prescription if GFR were estimated using the CKD-EPI equation without the race coefficient. Disclosures M. Grams reports Honoraria: Academic institutions for giving grand rounds and ASN for Young Investigator Award; Scientific Advisor or Membership: AJKD; CJASN; JASN Editorial Fellowship Committee; NKF Scientific Advisory Board; KDIGO Executive Committee, USRDS Scientific; Advisory Board Other Interests/Relationships: NKF, which receives funding from Relypsa, Abbvie, Thrasos; Received travel support from DCI to speak at the annual meeting and KDIGO for participation in scientific meetings and the executive committee. J. Shin reports grants from Merck, outside the submitted work. All remaining authors have nothing to disclose. Funding J. Shin reports National Institutes of Health grants, during the conduct of the study.
Echelons of Medical Care
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
<i>Haemophilus influenzae</i>Invasive Disease Among Children Aged &lt;5 Years—California, 1990-1996
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Haemophilus influenzae (Hi) causes a variety of severe clinical illnesses including meningitis, pneumonia, epiglottitis, and septic arthritis. In the prevaccine era (i.e., before 1988), Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) caused approximately 95% of the Hi invasive disease among children aged <5 years. In 1988, Hib conjugate vaccines were introduced for use among children aged 18 months-5 years; they were subsequently recommended for routine use in infants by the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) in 1990. During 1989-1995, Hib invasive disease among children aged <5 years declined 95% nationally. To document the decline of Hib invasive disease and to examine the epidemiology of reported nontype b Hi invasive disease among children aged <5 years, CDC, in collaboration with the California Department of Health Services, analyzed reported cases in California from 1990 to 1996. This report summarizes the results of the analysis and documents the decline of Hib without an increase of nontype b Hi invasive disease among children aged <5 years.
A Variant Allele of the Gene Growth Factor Independence 1 (GFI1) Is Associated with Acute Myeloid Leukemia.
Authors: Cyrus Khandanpour, Christian Thiede, Holger Nückel, Dietmar Lohmann, Bernhard Horsthemke, Winfried Siffert, Andreas Neubauer, Karl-Heinz Grzeschik, Gerhard Ehninger, Ulrich Dührsen, Tarik Möröy
Journal: Blood (2007)
Virus-like particles in sera of patients with infectious and serum hepatitis
Authors: R. J. Hirschman
Journal: JAMA (1969)

In a prospective study of patients with serum hepatitis, 46 (74%) of 62 had Australia antigen in their serum. This high frequency of detectable antigen was probably due to sampling at weekly intervals during the acute phase of the disease. Antigen became detectable 35 to 120 days after exposure to contaminated blood products and persisted for one week to three months in 42 patients, and for more than ten months in 4 patients. Two of 128 healthy chimpanzees and one of 14 healthy gibbons also had the antigen. Antigens found in sera of patients with infectious or serum hepatitis and in ape sera were immunologically identical. Electron microscopy revealed morphologically similar virus-like particles both in sera from patients with hepatitis and from healthy apes. Australia antigen appears to be hepatitis virus itself, and a single virus group may be responsible for both infectious and serum hepatitis.
Psychiatric Ethics
Authors: Robert L. Sadoff
Journal: JAMA (1991)

When I reviewed the first edition of<i>Psychiatric Ethics</i>for<i>JAMA</i>a decade ago, I referred to it as "a most important book in psychiatry" and recommended it be read by every serious student of the field "wishing to provide the highest quality of care within the highest principles of medical ethics." I am pleased to note that the second edition is an even finer compilation of readings in psychiatric ethics. The book has grown from 365 to 556 pages and has added six new chapters. In addition to the original series of excellent presentations, the second edition has added the chapters "Psychiatry as a Profession," "The Concept of Disease" (which should be of interest to all physicians), "The Ethics of Deinstitutionalization," "Ethics and Psychogeriatrics," "Psychiatry in the Nazi Era," and "Ethical Issues in the Delivery of Mental Health Services: Abuses in Japan." Structurally, the original chapters have been left
Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery, Turin
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
ABC of Sleep Disorders
Journal: Thorax (1994)

Measurement of distal airspace sizeAirspace size in human lungs obviously depends on the degree to which the lung is inflated and on tissue shrinkage in prep- aration for histological examination.Dr D Lamb et al (October 1993;48:1012-7) minimise the latter by embedding tissue in methacrylate but appear to ignore the for- mer.They inflated the resected lungs used in their study with 10% buffered formalin at a transpulmonary pressure of 25 cm H2O for a minimum of 24 hours.What technique did they use and how well were the lungs in- flated?Satisfactory inflation via the bronchus of surgically resected lobes has been found unsatisfactory in two Vancouver hospitals.In one, expansion had to be achieved by inflation with fixative through the pleura using a large bore needle.'In another,2 using a technique similar to that of Lamb et al, the mean ratio of predicted lobar volume to fixed lobar volume was 3 50.More to the point, the standard deviation of this ratio was 2 03 indicating huge potential errors.How did Lamb et al correct for these when measuring airspace size (AWUV)?
Author Index
Authors: Lennart Melin, Vappu Viemerö, Christina Krause, Maurizio Fava, Meridith A. Rankin, Jonathan E. Alpert, Andrew A. Nierenberg, John J. Worthington, Christina Hägnebo, Gerhard Andersson, Giovanni A. Fava, Antonella Montanari, Johan Lökk, Lena Hillert, Birgitta Kolmodin Hedman, Barbro F. Dölling, Bengt B. Arnetz
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1998)
Hospital Corps Handbook, United States Navy. 1923.
Journal: JAMA (1924)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Breast Cancer Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology
Authors: Robert W Carlson, Benjamin O Anderson, Harold J Burstein, Charles E Cox, Stephen B Edge, William B Farrar, Lori J Goldstein, William J Gradishar, Daniel F Hayes, Clifford Hudis, Mohammad Jahanzeb, Britt-Marie Ljung, Lawrence B Marks, Beryl McCormick, Lisle M Nabell, Lori J Pierce, Elizabeth C Reed, Samuel M Silver, Mary Lou Smith, George Somlo, Richard L Theriault, John H Ward, Eric P Winer, Antonio C Wolff
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2005)

The American Cancer Society estimates that approximately 217,440 new cases of breast cancer will have been diagnosed in the United States in the year 2004 and approximately 40,580 patients will die of this disease. Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women in the United States and is second only to lung cancer as a cause of cancer death. The incidence of breast cancer has increased steadily in the United States over the past few decades, but breast cancer mortality appears to be declining. This suggests a benefit from early detection and more effective treatment. For the most recent version of the guidelines, please visit NCCN.org
Anticoagulants and abdominal pain. The role of computed tomography
Authors: W. W. Scott
Journal: JAMA (1984)

CONSIDERING the widespread use of anticoagulants, major complications are infrequent. In some cases, such as the sudden development of a neurological abnormality or gastrointestinal (GI) tract bleeding, the site of the problem is evident. The development of abdominal pain in the patient receiving anticoagulants is more likely to pose a diagnostic dilemma. A series of cases are presented in which the source of abdominal pain was not apparent and was not clarified by physical examination or conventional radiological studies. Computed tomographic (CT) examination of the abdomen provided useful information. The clinician is unlikely to have experience with a spectrum of such cases and the value of CT in hemorrhagic complications of therapy with warfarin sodium. Thus far, most of the reports of its use have appeared in the radiological literature and have dealt with only one of the several possible complications. The experience of the authors indicates that CT should
Tricyclic antidepressant overdose. A review
Authors: D. A. Frommer
Journal: JAMA (1987)

Significant advances in diagnosis and management of tricyclic antidepressant overdose have occurred in recent years. This article reviews epidemiologic, pharmacologic, and therapeutic information to provide a systematic approach to these potentially life-threatening overdoses. The tricyclics are discussed as a group, with individual drugs specified when established differences exist. (<i>JAMA</i>1987;257:521-526)
3,3′,4,4′-Tetrabromobiphenyl sensitizes rats to the hepatotoxic effects of endotoxin by a mechanism that involves more than tumor necrosis factor
Authors: S Shedlofsky
Journal: Hepatology (1991)

To determine whether the cytokine tumor necrosis factor/cachectin might be a mediator of hepatotoxicity seen after exposure to polyhalogenated aromatic hydrocarbons, rats treated with a single dose of 3,3′,4,4′-tetrabromobiphenyl (150 μmol/kg intraperitoneally) or corn oil vehicle were studied. The 3,3′,4,4′-tetrabromobiphenyl caused the expected anorexia, alterations in organ weights and changes in cytochromes P-450 over 21 days. Although tumor necrosis factor could not be detected in the serum of rats at any time after 3,3′,4,4′-tetrabromobiphenyl treatment alone (from 90 min to 21 days), 3,3′,4,4′-tetrabromobiphenyl treatment significantly increased peak serum tumor necrosis factor concentrations after intravenous bacterial endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide, 1 mg/kg). This effect was seen with lipopolysaccharide given 24 hr, 48 hr, and 20 days after 3,3′,4,4′-tetrabromobiphenyl treatment and increases in peak serum tumor necrosis factor levels ranged from threefold to eightfold over controls in various experiments with no significant differences between the three time points. However, a synergistic increase in hepatic damage (assessed by serum enzymes and liver histological findings 24 hr after lipopolysaccharide injection) was seen in rats given lipopolysaccharide 24 hr and 48 hr after 3,3′,4,4′-tetrabromobiphenyl administration, with 75% and 25% lethality, respectively. There was no lethality with lipopolysaccharide given 20 days after 3,3′,4,4′-tetrabromobiphenyl administration or with simultaneous administration. A lower dose of lipopolysaccharide (0.1 mg/kg) given 24 hr after 3,3′,4,4′-tetrabromobiphenyl also enhanced hepatotoxicity and serum tumor necrosis factor but without lethality. Lipopolysaccharide decreased cytochromes P-450 concentrations and activities to similar extents at all time points tested in both control and 3,3′,4,4′-tetrabromobiphenyl-treated rats. In conclusion, 3,3′,4,4′-tetrabromobiphenyl treatment increases the amount of tumor necrosis factor released into the serum after lipopolysaccharide exposure and sensitizes animals to lipopolysaccharide hepatotoxicity and lethality 1 to 2 days after 3,3′,4,4′-tetrabromobiphenyl administration. However, the enhancement of endotoxicity does not correlate with increased serum tumor necrosis factor or altered activities of cytochromes P-450. (HEPATOLOGY 1991;14:1201–1208.)
Lidocaine in the common bile duct. Effects and possible toxicity
Authors: J. D. McCarthy
Journal: JAMA (1969)

The injection of lidocaine, under pressure, into the biliary tree has been suggested as a maneuver to relax the sphincter of Oddi and to facilitate the passage of a retained calculus. A study of three cases, in which this technique was used, produced results not only contrary to that hypothesis; but the drug was associated with hepatic toxic effects in two of the three patients and resulted in the death of one. The use of lidocaine for this purpose should be discontinued.
ACTR-39. PAMIPARIB IN COMBINATION WITH RADIATION THERAPY (RT) AND/OR TEMOZOLOMIDE (TMZ) IN PATIENTS WITH NEWLY DIAGNOSED OR RECURRENT/REFRACTORY (R/R) GLIOBLASTOMA (GBM); PHASE 1B/2 STUDY UPDATE
Authors: Anna Piotrowski, Vinay Puduvalli, Patrick Wen, Jian Campian, Howard Colman, Michael Pearlman, Nicholas Butowski, James Battiste, Jon Glass, Timothy Cloughesy, David Schiff, Martin van den Bent, Tobias Walbert, Manmeet Ahluwalia, Michael Badruddoja, Amandeep Kalra, Dawit Aregawi, Michael Weller, Vanitha Ramakrishnan, Kathy Zhang, Katie Wood, Ingo Mellinghoff, Kent Shih
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2019)

Abstract Pamiparib, an investigational, selective PARP1/2 inhibitor that has demonstrated potent PARP trapping and ability to cross the blood-brain barrier, showed synergistic cytotoxicity with TMZ preclinically. We report updated safety and antitumor effects from a phase 1b/2 study of pamiparib + RT and/or TMZ in patients with newly diagnosed or R/R GBM (SNO 2018, ACTR-30). The dose-escalation/expansion study has 3 arms: Arm A, pamiparib (2, 4, or 6 weeks) + RT in newly diagnosed GBM patients with unmethylated MGMT promoter (unmethylated-GBM); Arm B, pamiparib (6 weeks) + RT and increasing TMZ dosed in weeks 1 and 5 of RT in newly diagnosed, unmethylated-GBM patients; and Arm C, pamiparib + increasing TMZ doses in methylated/unmethylated R/R-GBM patients. Arm A and B patients receive maintenance treatment post-RT rest period at the Arm C expansion dose/schedule. As of 10 April 2019, accrual was completed for Arms A and C dose-escalation (A: n=20; C: n=17) and continues in the dose expansion (A: n=28/40; C: n=28/30); accrual was completed in dose escalation for B (n=9). Recommended phase 2 doses were established for Arms A (pamiparib 60 mg BID×6 weeks + 6–7 weeks RT) and C (pamiparib 60 mg BID d1–28 + TMZ 60 mg d1–7/28-d cycle). One dose-limiting toxicity (grade 3 febrile neutropenia) was reported in Arm B. Treatment-related adverse events (≥10%) were (overall/grade 3 [no grade 4/5]): Arm A, nausea (23%/2%); B, decreased WBC count (11%/11%); C (none). Of patients with tumor assessment post-RT: Arm A (n=17), 1 had cPR, 1 uPR, and 9 SD (disease control rate, 64.7% [95% CI, 38.3–85.8]); C (n=26), 1 had cPR (sustained 12 cycles), 1 uPR, and 5 SD (objective response rate, 7.7% [95% CI, 0.9–25.1]). Pamiparib 60 mg BID + RT/TMZ was generally well tolerated in patients with newly diagnosed or R/R GBM. Clinical trial ID: NCT03150862