tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Myocardial infarction surveillance in a metropolitan community
Authors: A. S. Most
Journal: JAMA (1969)

This project was designed to test the feasibility and practicability of continuous surveillance of cases of myocardial infarction in hospitalized patients in a large metropolitan community. Twenty-three hospitals regularly report myocardial infarction cases when the patient is discharged to the Seattle-King County Health Department. A 25% sample of the first year's cases indicated verifiable diagnoses in at least 85% of cases. Case reporting, checked against diagnostic indices in each hospital, was remarkably complete over a 12-month period spanning one half of each of two surveillance years. Approximately 1,500 cases were reported for each of two years; approximately 80% were first attacks. Incidence of hospitalization for myocardial infarction was 403 per 100,000 for men and 192 per 100,000 for women (age 30 and over). Case fatality rates remained under 20% for both men and women until 60 years of age, after which time they increased progressively.
Deaths
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
OP0307 Treatment of baff transgenic mice with ANTI-TNF: monoclonal ANTI-TNF are associated with a higher risk of lymphoma than etanercept
Authors: G Nocturne, L Bineta, S Boudaoud, J Pascaud, R Seror, C Nicco, C Chereau, F Mackay, F Vincent, T Lazure, S Ferlicot, L Stimmer, S Roulland, R Krzysiek, S Hacein-Bey, F Batteux, X Mariette
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2017)

<h3>Background</h3> Risk of lymhoma in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and disease activity is the main risk factor. The impact of treatment, notably of anti-TNF, is unclear: decreasing the risk of lymphoma by controlling activity or alterring anti-tumor immunosurveillance. Anti-TNF are not associated with an increased risk of lymphoma in large epidemiologic studies. However, the risk might vary according to the type or to the dose of anti-TNF. <h3>Objectives</h3> To assess if the risk of lymphoma might differ according to the type of anti-TNF, comparing monoclonal anti-TNF to the soluble receptor. For that, we used BAFF transgenic (Tg) mice as a model of autoimmunity-associated lymphomas. They develop lupus and Sjögren and 3% of them spontaneously developed lymphoma at 12–18 months <h3>Methods</h3> Six months aged BAFF-Tg mice were treated with anti-TNF for 12 months: etanercept (ETA) (n=15, 8 mg/kgx3/week), monoclonal anti-mouse TNF: TN3 19.12 (n=15, 20 mg/kg/week), adalimumab (ADA) (n=12, 20 mg/kg/week) or controls (n=22). Sera were assessed monthly. Crude mortality was compared among the different groups. Histological examination of the spleen was performed. The Fisher9s exact test was used to compare the incidence of lymphoma among the groups. <h3>Results</h3> Adjunction of low dose of methotrexate during the 3 first days of treatment prevented immunization in the 3 groups for life. Using L929 cells, a cell line sensitive to TNF induced death, we confirmed that ADA was 8 to 12 times less efficient than ETA to inhibit soluble murine TNF. As expected, the mean level of ETA, TN3 and ADA were 7 μg/ml, 69 μ g/ml and 105 μg/ml, respectively. The level of auto-antibodies and serum Ig did not significantly differ among the groups. However, crude mortality was significantly higher in mice treated with monoclonal anti-TNF compared to controls (p=0.0001 for ADA and p=0.0003 for TN3) but not for mice treated with ETA (Figure). Incidence of lymphoma was higher in mice treated with monoclonal anti-TNF: <i>5/15 (33%)</i> with TN3 (p=0.03/controls), <i>4/12 (33%)</i> with ADA (p=0.054/controls), <i>0/15</i> with ETA and <i>1/22 (5%)</i> in controls. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Higher mortality and increased risk of lymphoma were observed in BAFF Tg mice treated with monoclonal anti-TNF compared to etanercept. This result may be linked either to the different mechanism of action between the soluble receptor and the monoclonals or to a difference of trough level observed in the different groups even if higher levels of ADA was mandatory given the difference of effect on mouse TNF. This study demonstrates the negative impact of a prolonged anti-TNF treatment on the risk of lymphoma in the context of BAFF increase. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Modified frailty index provides more accurate prognosis
Journal: Nature Reviews Urology (2015)

KIDNEY CANCER Stool microbiome changes in VEGF-TKI-induced diarrhoeaFindings of a study investigating the stool microbiome of patients with metastatic renal-cell carcinoma (mRCC) receiving vascular-endothelial growth factor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (VEGF-TKIs) reveal profound alterations in the microbiota of patients with VEGF-TKI-induced diarrhoea.Patients with diarrhoea had higher levels of Bacteroides spp and lower levels of Prevotella spp than those receiving VEGF-TKIs who did not have diarrhoea.These findings highlight that alterations in faecal microbiota might explain the VEGF-TKI-induced diarrhoea experienced by some, but not all patients receiving this treatment.
Commentaire de travail de L. G. Lim et al., pp. 300
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

See also: Urgent endoscopy is associated with lower mortality in high-risk but not low-risk nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleedingEndoscopy 2011; 43(04): 300-306DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1256110
NOSTRUMS AND FRAUDULENT METHODS OF EXPLOITATION.
Authors: L. F. KEBLER
Journal: JAMA (1906)

<h3>LOST MANHOOD RESTORERS AND NERVOUS DEBILITY CURES.</h3><h3>"AMBALINE."</h3> This is a mixture of camphoraceous water and ammonia water in which are dissolved ammonium carbonate, ammonium chlorid, sodium sulphate and chlorid. This lotion is to be applied to the affected part and is claimed to possess miraculous powers. The action of the lotion is simply that of an irritant which increases the blood supply to the parts. <h3>BRADFORD &amp; CO., CINCINNATI.</h3> This company announces: A Complete Treatment for the Cure of Nervous Debility, Loss of Memory, Dizzy Head, Sexual Weakness, Premature Old Age, Impotency, Weak Back, Confusion of Ideas, Eruptions on the Face, and All Diseases of the Sexual and Generative Organs. The company also claims to be able to develop shrunken organs and permanently cure varicocele. The medicines used are claimed to be the very latest and best known to science and never used by quacks on account of their
L'endoscopie oeso-gastro-duodénale (EOGD) en France en 2006: résultats d'une enquête prospective nationale de la Société Française d'Endoscopie Digestive (SFED)
Authors: JM Canard, L Palazzo, JC Letard, JP Arpurt, C Boustiere, J Boyer, J Cassigneul, P Dalbies, J Escourrou, G Gay, R Laugier, B Napoleon, T Ponchon, B Richard Molard, D Sautereau, G Tucat, B Vedrenne
Journal: Endoscopy (2008)

But: Décrire et quantifier prospectivement l'ensemble des E.O.G.D. Réalisées en France en 2006 et suivre leur évolution depuis la première enquête réalisée depuis 1998.
Tests for Immigrant Doctors
Authors: R. Hole
Journal: BMJ (1974)

Paraneoplastic neurological syndromes (PNS) are the immune-mediated effects of a remote cancer and are characterised by an autoantibody response against antigens expressed by the tumour. Classically, well-characterised ‘onconeuronal’ antibodies target intracellular antigens and hence cannot access their antigens across intact cell membranes. The pathogenic mediators are likely to be neuronal-specific T cells. There is a variable response to immunotherapies and the clinical syndrome helps to direct the search for a specific set of tumours. By contrast, many newly emerging autoantibodies with oncological associations target cell surface epitopes and can exert direct pathogenic effects on both the central and peripheral nervous systems. Patients with these cell-surface directed autoantibodies often clearly respond to immunotherapies. Overall, the clinical, serological and oncological features in an individual patient help to determine the clinical relevance of the syndrome and hence guide its management. We summarise current knowledge and a practical approach to the investigation, diagnosis, treatment and outcomes of patients with suspected PNS.
Commentary
Authors: Michael Cullen
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2001)

Objective-To examine the methods of appointment, experience, and qualifications of club doctors and physiotherapists in professional football.Methods-Semistructured tape recorded interviews with 12 club doctors, 10 club physiotherapists, and 27 current and former players.A questionnaire was also sent to 90 club doctors; 58 were returned.Results-In almost all clubs, methods of appointment of doctors are informal and reflect poor employment practice: posts are rarely advertised and many doctors are appointed on the basis of personal contacts and without interview.Few club doctors had prior experience or qualifications in sports medicine and very few have a written job description.The club doctor is often not consulted about the appointment of the physiotherapist; physiotherapists are usually appointed informally, often without interview, and often by the manager without involving anyone who is qualified in medicine or physiotherapy.Half of all clubs do not have a qualified (chartered) physiotherapist; such unqualified physiotherapists are in a weak position to resist threats to their clinical autonomy, particularly those arising from managers' attempts to influence clinical decisions.Conclusions-Almost all aspects of the appointment of club doctors and physiotherapists need careful re-examination.
The relationship between hepatic low-density lipoprotein receptor activity and serum cholesterol level in the human fetus
Authors: H Cai
Journal: Hepatology (1991)

We found that the binding of 125I-low-density lipoprotein to fetal liver low-density lipoprotein receptor rose progressively with the increase in fetal age. During this period, total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels in fetal serum declined significantly. The correlation coefficients between fetal age and concentration of serum total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were −0.80 (p < 0.001) and −0.77 (p < 0.001), respectively. A significant inverse correlation also existed between the liver low-density lipoprotein receptor activity and the serum total cholesterol (r = −0.96, p < 0.001) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (r = −0.95, p < 0.001) but not high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. It is suggested that the low-density lipoprotein receptors in human fetal liver may play a key role in the regulation of the serum cholesterol levels during gestation. (HEPATOLOGY 1991;13:852–857.)
Contents
Authors: Elise Olsen, Valerie Callender, Amy Mcmichael, Leonard Sperling, Kevin Anstrom, Jerry Shapiro, Janet Roberts, Faith Durden, David Whiting, Wilma Bergfeld, Dakara Wright, Raechele Gathers, Alissa Kapke, Dayna Johnson, Christine Joseph, ; Baltimore, Alexa Kimball, Kenneth Gordon, Richard Langley, Alan Menter, Renee Perdok, Joaquin Valdes, Inge Haeck, Ton Rouwen, Linda Timmer-De Mik, Marjolein De Bruin-Weller, Carla Bruijnzeel-Koomen, Karen Emmons, Alan Geller, Elaine Puleo, Sanghamitra Savadatti, Stephanie Hu, Susan Gorham, Andrew Werchniak, Monica Ledoux, Alain Beauchet, Christophe Fermanian, Catherine Boileau, Guillaume Jondeau, Philippe Saiag, Rupa Pugashetti, Kanade Shinkai, Beth Ruben, Marc Grossman, Janet Maldonado, Lindy Fox
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2011)
Application of Homeostatic Principles to the Practice of Parenteral Fluid Therapy
Authors: Nathan B. Talbot, Gerald A. Kerrigan, John D. Crawford, Winston Cochran, Mary Terry
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1955)

Utilization of Physiologically Tolerable Quantities of Multiple Electrolyte Solution By Patients With Adequate Homeostatic SystemsDetailed studies of metabolic balance have been carried out by the Metabolic Unit of the Children's Medical Service of the Massachusetts General Hospital on patients given the multiple electrolyte solution described in the preceding section for maintenance or for combined repair and maintenance purposes; three of these studies are summarized below. For comparative purposes, observations on the response of 2 diarrheal infants to treatment with other multiple electrolyte solutions of different composition are set forth at the close of this section. Measurements were carried out . . .
The Technique of Postmortem Examination.
Journal: JAMA (1894)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Managing chest drains on medical wards
Journal: BMJ (2018)

thoracic ultrasonography when inserting a chest drain."In fact, the guidelines refer to chest drain insertion for pleural fluid drainage only, in which case ultrasonography is strongly recommended.The guidelines do not, however, apply to pneumothorax drainage without fluid.Here, the evidence is mixed, and delaying placement of a chest drain for ultrasonography could be riskier for the patient.
PCDD/PCDF: Human Background Data for Germany, a 10-Year Experience
Authors: Olaf Papke
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1998)

This paper gives an overview of the development of the environmental or background exposure of humans to polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) in Germany.To determine the background exposure, adipose tissue, human milk, or blood can be used.The good comparability of the matrices analyzed is demonstrated.The daily consumption of low-level contaminated food, mainly of animal origin, leads to the accumulation of PCDDs/PCDFs in the human adipose reservoir.The influence of factors such as various eating habits, severe weight loss, age, and nursing (women only) on the human body burden is discussed.Because of decreasing emission of PCDDs/PCDFs into the environment, a decline of these components in humans could be observed over a time span of 10 years.
Ten year treatment complication outcomes of radical prostatectomy versus external beam radiation therapy versus brachytherapy for 1,503 patients with intermediate risk prostate cancer.
Authors: Barry W. Goy, Raoul J. Burchette
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2019)

67 Background: To compare 10 year treatment complication outcomes of radical prostatectomy(RP) vs external beam radiation therapy(EBRT) vs brachytherapy(BT) for patients with intermediate risk prostate cancer(IRPC). Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on 1,503 IRPC patients who underwent treatment from 2004 to 2007, using univariate comparisons. 819 underwent RP, 574 underwent EBRT, and 110 underwent BT using iodine-125. Urinary and rectal complications for RP were graded as severe if patients required ≥ 3 pads/diapers per day, required chronic use of condom catheter or penile clamp, daily self-catheterization, placement of sling or artificial urinary sphincter, or developed rectal fistula/incontinence. Complications for EBRT and BT were graded as severe if they were classified as grade 3 or 4 on the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group grading system for late effects. For erectile dysfunction, the prevalence of patients requiring injections, pumps or penile implants were calculated after a minimum of 1 year of follow up. Results: Median follow up was 10.0 years for RP, 9.6 for EBRT, and 9.8 for BT. Neoadjuvant androgen deprivation therapy was given in 0.6% for RP patients vs 58.9% of EBRT vs 12.7% of BT, p &lt; 0.0001. Median age for RP vs EBRT vs BT was 62.1, 70.8, 65.3, p &lt; 0.0001. The 10-year prevalence of severe urinary complications for RP vs EBRT vs BT was 10.1%, 12.5%, 4.6%, p = 0.04. The percentage of patients having a pre-treatment American Urological Association(AUA) urinary score for RP vs EBRT vs BT was 7.3%, 11.5%, 97.3%, p &lt; 0.0001. The 10-year prevalence of severe rectal complications for RP vs EBRT vs BT was 0.5%, 1.6%, 0.0%, p = 0.06. The 10-year prevalence of erectile dysfunction devices for RP vs EBRT vs BT was 24.3%, 6.6%, 8.2%, p &lt; 0.0001. Conclusions: After 10 years of follow-up, BT had the lowest rate of severe urinary complications, which may due to using the AUA score to avoid implanting those who had significant baseline obstructive voiding symptoms. EBRT had a higher rate of severe rectal complications. RP had the highest probability of undergoing treatment using erectile dysfunction devices, despite having younger patients.
Skeletal complications in a series of human renal allografts
Authors: M. C. Hall
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Between August 1962 and May 1968, 140 renal transplantations were performed. Of the patients in this series, prior to transplantation, three were found with severe epiphysiolyses of the femoral heads, one with stress fractures of the femoral necks, and three with avascular necrosis of the femoral heads. It is suggested that these deformities should be stabilized as in other children. After transplantation, avascular necrosis of a femoral head or condyle developed in six patients. The cause is unknown but is believed related to the use of prednisone. Three infections of bone or joint have occurred.
Abstract MP002: Dietary Intake of Marine Omega-3 Fatty Acids is Directly Associated with Coronary Flow Reserve among Male Middle-Aged Twins
Authors: Silvia C Eufinger, Viola Vaccarino
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Introduction: Evidence from previous studies suggests that dietary marine omega-3 fatty acids have cardioprotective properties. However, our understanding of the mechanism for these beneficial effects remains limited. We sought to examine the association between marine omega-3 fatty acid intake and coronary flow reserve (CFR), a measure of overall coronary vasodilator capacity and microvascular function. Hypothesis: Increased dietary intake of marine omega-3 fatty acids is associated with higher CFR. Methods: A sample of 259 male middle-aged twins, including 115 monozygotic and dizygotic twin pairs and 29 unpaired twins, with no previous history of coronary heart disease (CHD), was recruited from the Vietnam Era Twin Registry. Prior to the study visit, all twins completed a 3-day food record detailing their diet for the previous three days. Dietary information was analyzed using specialized nutrition software and reported intakes of various types of fish were used to derive marine omega-3 fatty acid (docosahexaenoic acid [DHA] and eicosapentaenoic acid [EPA]) intake. CFR was measured using positron emission tomography [N 13 ] ammonia with quantitation of myocardial blood flow at rest and after adenosine stress. Mixed-effect regression analysis was used to assess the association between marine omega-3 fatty acid intake and CFR both at the individual level and within twin pairs. Potential confounders included demographic characteristics, lifestyle factors (including physical activity), traditional cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, use of omega-3 and multivitamin supplements, total energy intake, and other nutritional factors such as intake of cholesterol, sodium, alcohol, sugar-sweetened beverages, and saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids. Results: The twins’ mean age was 54 years (SD = 3.0) and 93.1% (241 out of 259) were white. An increase in dietary intake of marine omega-3 fatty acids of 1 g/d was associated with a 7.6% higher CFR (95% CI: 0.6, 15.2) after adjustment for potential confounders ( P = 0.033). This association also persisted within twin pairs: a 1 g/d within-pair difference in dietary intake of marine omega-3 fatty acids was associated with a 16.3% higher CFR in the twin with the greater dietary intake of marine omega-3 fatty acids than in the co-twin with the lower dietary intake ( P = 0.020). These associations did not differ by zygosity. Conclusions: Dietary intake of marine omega-3 fatty acids is directly associated with CFR, a measure of coronary microvascular function, independent of traditional CVD risk factors and shared familial and genetic factors. Our study suggests a potential novel mechanism for the protective effects of dietary marine omega-3 fatty acids on the cardiovascular system and supports the benefit of consuming marine omega-3 fatty acids to promote cardiovascular health.
Myopic Hypotheses
Authors: Alan L. Coykendall
Journal: JAMA (1972)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The LETTER titled "Myopia and Dental Caries" is of interest and further research may corroborate the thesis. However, the report has deficiencies which reduce its scientific value. The cause of dental decay (caries) is very complex, but most certainly involves the enamel<i>before</i>the dentine. The enamel integrity is compromised by acid, and perhaps other products, of bacterial origin. Therefore, the nature of enamel, which contains no collagen, is of greater importance than dentine in the initiation of caries. The examination of only four premolar teeth may not be a valid way to score caries since these teeth erupt later and are at risk a shorter time and thus may not be representative of caries experience. Moreover, the authors do not say how these teeth were examined. Roentgenograms are essential for the diagnosis of carious lesions, but the authors do not state whether or not they were