tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Aprotinin But Not ε-Aminocaproic Acid Decreases Interleukin-10 After Cardiac Surgery With Extracorporeal Circulation
Authors: Philip E. Greilich, Kuniyuki Okada, Paige Latham, Ramaswamy Ravi Kumar, Michael E. Jessen
Journal: Circulation (2001)

Background Extracorporeal circulation induces a systemic inflammatory response, which may adversely affect organ function. One manifestation of this response is increased fibrinolysis. Antifibrinolytic drugs such as aprotinin and ε-aminocaproic acid have been effective in reducing fibrinolysis and blood loss after extracorporeal circulation; however, the effects of antifibrinolytic drugs on proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory mediators are not known. This study examined the effects of aprotinin and ε-aminocaproic acid on plasma levels of proinflammatory [interleukin-6 (IL-6)] and anti-inflammatory [interleukin-10 (IL-10)] cytokines during and after extracorporeal circulation. Methods and Results Seventy-two patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting with extracorporeal circulation were randomly assigned in a double-blind study to receive high-dose aprotinin, ε-aminocaproic acid, or saline placebo. Plasma levels of IL-6 and IL-10 were measured at 5 time points before, during, and after extracorporeal circulation. In all 3 groups, both IL-6 and IL-10 rose significantly after institution of extracorporeal circulation and remained elevated through the first postoperative day. Compared with saline, aprotinin significantly reduced IL-10 ( P =0.02) and peak IL-6 ( P =0.02) after extracorporeal circulation. In contrast, none of the reductions in IL-6 and IL-10 by ε-aminocaproic acid achieved statistical significance. Both aprotinin and ε-aminocaproic acid decreased blood loss compared with saline, but there was no significant difference in the number of patients receiving blood products among the treatment groups. Conclusions These data suggest that aprotinin and ε-aminocaproic acid differ in their effects on the inflammatory response to extracorporeal circulation. Aprotinin but not ε-aminocaproic acid appears to attenuate the rise in the proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-10. Further studies will be required to determine if these cytokine alterations translate to changes in clinical outcomes.
皮肤癣菌病和STAT3突变
Authors: J.K. Simpson, P. Fröbel, S.L. Seneviratne, M. Brown, D.M. Lowe, B. Grimbacher, M. Fliegauf, L. Fearfield
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2018)

皮肤癣菌是引起皮肤感染(比如环癣和足癣)的真菌。它们在免疫能力正常的人体内不太可能引起更深层的感染。STAT3(信号转导及转录激活蛋白3)突变是一种基因缺陷,被认为与深层真菌感染有关。来自伦敦和弗莱堡的多位作者提供了一份病例报告:一名45岁的印度裔男性出现腹股沟肿块,且伴有大面积瘙痒皮疹。CT影像表明,腹股沟肿块延伸到腹部。腹股沟肿块活检表明环癣菌指间毛癣菌大面积浸润。皮肤活检表明,皮肤的真皮层出现胶原蛋白流失的溃疡部位,类似于所谓的穿孔疾病,即受损的胶原纤维自发地穿过皮肤。这些变化称为假性穿孔,常见于剧烈的抓挠。患者的血细胞中出现STAT3基因缺失。在口服抗真菌治疗三个月后,皮疹好转,腹股沟肿块大幅缩小。作者得出结论,这种皮肤真菌的异常深层感染由遗传异常引起,且大面积皮疹是这种真菌感染的反应。
Supplement 2 Added
Authors: Catherine Shu, Malcolm Pike, Noah Kauff
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2017)

Nolan Priedigkeit, BS; Ryan J. Hartmaier, PhD; Yijing Chen, BS; Damir Vareslija, PhD; Ahmed Basudan, BS; Rebecca J. Watters, PhD; Roby Thomas, MD; Jose P. Leone, MD; Peter C. Lucas, MD, PhD; Rohit Bhargava, MD; Ronald L. Hamilton, MD; Juliann Chmielecki, PhD; Shannon L. Puhalla, MD; Nancy E. Davidson, MD; Steffi Oesterreich, PhD; Adam M. Brufsky, MD, PhD; Leonie Young, PhD; Adrian V. Lee, PhD
A physician's guide to adoption
Authors: A. M. Kaunitz
Journal: JAMA (1987)

The growing number of couples seeking to adopt may have outstripped the number of babies in the United States available for adoption. Although increased availability and use of abortion have resulted in fewer single women continuing their pregnancies, the increased tendency of unmarried mothers to raise rather than relinquish their children has, in particular, limited the number of babies available for adoption. Despite the unpopularity of adoption among women with unintended pregnancies, addressing this option remains an important part of pregnancy counseling. Appropriate obstetric care of women placing their babies for adoption includes acknowledgment of the loss these women experience. Knowledge of adoption resources and willingness to discuss adoption can help physicians provide better care of unintentionally pregnant as well as infertile patients. (<i>JAMA</i>1987;258:3537-3541)
Effectivity of current sterility methods for transgastric access NOTES procedures: results of a randomized porcine study
Authors: A Eickhoff, S Vetter, D von Renteln, K Cacai, G Kählen, JF Riemann
Journal: Endoscopy (2008)

Background: Natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) is an emerging transluminal technique through which interventions are performed by entering the abdominal cavity through a natural orifice such as the stomach. Infection is a potential risk of the procedure and the potential pathogens are different than with skin incisions. Currently, there is limited data regarding prophylactic treatment with antibiotics, topical antimicrobial lavage and proton-pump-inhibitor (PPI) therapy for transgastric NOTES.
The radiologic diagnosis
Authors: J. W. Fenlon
Journal: JAMA (1975)

RADIOLOGIC techniques play an important role in the diagnostic evaluation for carcinoma of the colon. It is essential, therefore, to understand these methods thoroughly. <h3>PLAIN FILM EXAMINATION</h3> Approximately 13% to 25% of patients with carcinoma of the colon are first encountered with partial or complete obstruction of the bowel. Carcinoma of the colon, rectum, and anus is the most common cause of large-bowel obstruction.<sup>1</sup>Plain film examination of the abdomen, with supine and erect views, can provide a strong presumptive diagnosis of carcinoma of the colon when complete obstruction is present. Exploratory laparotomy is commonly performed without further radiologic studies, although a barium enema examination would localize the site of obstruction accurately. <h3>BARIUM ENEMA EXAMINATION</h3> For lesions beyond the reach of the sigmoidoscope, the barium enema examination is often the single source of objective information on which important clinical decisions are based. The common roentgenographic appearances of carcinoma of
HAY FEVER.
Journal: JAMA (1898)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Clinical Factors Associated With Cancer-Related Fatigue in Patients Being Treated for Leukemia and Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma
Authors: Xin Shelley Wang, Sergio A. Giralt, Tito R. Mendoza, Martha C. Engstrom, Beth A. Johnson, Neomi Peterson, Lyle D. Broemeling, Charles S. Cleeland
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2002)

PURPOSE: To describe fatigue severity, fatigue interference, and associated factors in hematologic malignancies. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients being treated for leukemia and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (n = 228) completed the Brief Fatigue Inventory to rate fatigue severity and functional interference caused by fatigue. Data on patient demographics, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status, other physical symptoms, current treatments, and laboratory values were also collected. Descriptive statistics, bivariate correlation, and logistic regression were used for data analysis. RESULTS: Fifty percent of the sample reported severe fatigue, which was defined as a “fatigue worst” rating of 7 or greater. More patients with acute leukemia (61%) reported severe fatigue compared with those with chronic leukemia (47%) and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (46%). Increased fatigue severity significantly compromised patients’ general activity, work, enjoyment of life, mood, walking, and relationships with others. Fatigue severity was strongly associated with performance status, use of opioids, blood transfusions, gastrointestinal symptoms, and sleep disturbance items, as well as with low serum hemoglobin and albumin levels. Regression analysis indicated that nausea was the significant clinical predictor of severe fatigue (odds ratio, 13), and low serum albumin was the significant laboratory value predictor (odds ratio, 3.8). CONCLUSION: Disabling fatigue occurs with high frequency in hematologic malignancy, supporting a need to develop better methods of fatigue management. Better control of gastrointestinal and other symptoms may be of benefit. The mechanism and relationship between low albumin and severe fatigue needs to be investigated further, and longitudinal studies of the effects of treatment, host factors, and other symptoms are needed.
NEW FORM OF IODINE TREATMENT FOR TUBERCULOSIS.
Journal: JAMA (1892)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Malaria Prophylaxis
Authors: Ira K. Schwartz
Journal: JAMA (1983)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> We read the letter by Catino and Catino (1982;248:2111) on the use of malaria chemoprophylaxis in a group of US travelers. Their survey supports our impression that many American travelers to the tropics are uninformed about the risk of acquiring malaria or do not heed advice given them to prevent it. In 1981, the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) in Atlanta received reports on 273 Americans who acquired malaria abroad. There were four deaths in this group; none of those who died had taken appropriate malaria chemoprophylaxis. These deaths and essentially all episodes of malaria in travelers could have been avoided had adequate malaria chemoprophylaxis been taken. Catino and Catino are justifiably concerned that travelers be warned regarding the risk of malaria. However, we take exception to their statement that "the responsibility for the dissemination of such health information has not been defined, and the weak links
Erratum: Vol 49, No. 40 (JAMA. 2000;284:2310-2311)
Journal: JAMA (2000)

CDC HAS CONTRACTED WITH AVENTIS-Pasteur, Inc. (Av-P) for the production of 9 million doses of influenza vaccine for the 2000-01 season.This additional production ensures that approximately the same quantity of influenza vaccine is available for the 2000-01 season as the previous year. 1,2 The 9 million doses are not intended to substitute for vaccine that is already ordered and expected to be delivered.For the 1999-2000 influenza season, approximately 77 million doses of influenza vaccine were distributed in the United States, of which 3 million doses were returned to the manufacturers.For the 2000-2001 influenza season, distribution of approximately 75 million doses is anticipated, including the 9 million doses contracted by CDC.Av-P will give first priority to orders from providers who plan to vaccinate primarily high-risk persons.Applications for vaccine orders from health-care providers and programs should be sent directly to Av-P beginning November 3, 2000.Wholesale distributors can apply to purchase vaccine starting December 4, 2000, if doses remain available.Once an application has been received by Av-P, notification regarding order acceptance will be provided to the applicant before mid-December.Delivery of vaccine is anticipated to begin December 12, 2000, and end by early January 2001.Additional information about the application process and vaccine availability is available through Av-P, tele-phone (800) 720-8972, or World-Wide Web, http://www.vaccineshoppe.com(click on Fluzone (Registered) Application Form link).Completed application forms can be faxed to (888) 889-7129.Orders for this vaccine will not be taken by telephone.CDC's National Immunization Program (NIP) has developed an "Influenza Vaccine Availability" website that will provide information about the availability of influenza vaccine from manufacturers and wholesale distributors and will list state health departments that may have information about vaccine availability among local providers.This website will be updated weekly.The website can be accessed at http://www.cdc .gov/nip/flu-vac-supply.
Pulmonary Tuberculosis
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1928)

Article1 July 1928Pulmonary TuberculosisGERALD B. WEBBGERALD B. WEBBSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-2-1-56 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptInfectionAdult ulcerative pulmonary tuberculosis exemplifies the achievement of the life cycle of the human tubercle bacillus. Egress of the parasite is now accomplished so that it is free to attack other victims. It has been long recognized that adult pulmonary tuberculosis is a reinfection of a patient previously infected and partly immune; but whether such reinfection is endogenous or exogenous is a topic extensively debated. Bushnell published many arguments in favor of endogenous reinfection, basing them on the well known Koch phenomenon by which it is demonstrated experimentally that an infected animal, though it goes on to die of... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Colorado Springs, Colorado*Presented to the American College of Physicians at the Annual Clinical Meeting in New Orleans, March 6, 1928. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 July 1928Volume 2, Issue 1Page: 56-58KeywordsBacillusPulmonary diseasesTuberculosis Issue Published: 1 July 1928 PDF downloadLoading ...
PSYCHIATRY
Authors: Roy R. Grinker
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
酒渣鼻患病感受及其治疗:解释现象学分析
Authors: S.A. Johnston, M. Krasuska, A. Millings, A.C. Lavda, A.R. Thompson
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2018)

酒渣鼻是一种导致面部潮红和泛红的皮肤病。只有相对少数的酒渣鼻患者接受专业皮肤科治疗或寻求心理支持。即使这么做,酒渣鼻患者仍感到社交焦虑、沮丧、难堪,而且生活质量下降。尽管多项基于问卷的研究已经分析了酒渣鼻患者可能感受到的苦恼类型,但尚未有研究深入了解患者在遭遇这些可见皮肤问题后的生活感受。鉴于此,该研究通过面对面访谈,来了解参与者身患酒渣鼻后复杂的个人生活感受。该研究使用解释现象学分析 (IPA) 定性方法作为访谈和分析的指导。该研究方法主要关注个体患者,并且已经广泛用于调查患病感受。在该研究中,有九位参与者参加了深度的半结构化访谈。这些访谈围绕三大主题:自我意识,集中关注参与者害怕他人认为自身症状是咎由自取的情况;逃避、掩饰、隐藏情绪,提及其他参与者在出现酒渣鼻时的应对策略;以及治疗不连贯,着重于有必要让医学专业人士评估酒渣鼻患者的情绪健康。该研究结果与来自其他皮肤病患者的定性研究结果一致,表明自我意识情绪是皮肤病患者生活体验的一个重要部分。医疗保健专业人士需要注意评估酒渣鼻患者是否存在此类问题,如果患者有治疗无用的想法或观念,可以寻求皮肤科的特定心理支持。
Medical reform in West Germany
Authors: N. B. Roberg
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Systems of education reflect the sociopolitical histories of their countries, and the German and American educational systems have been as different as their historical heritages. For six centuries the character of a German university was a contract between an absolute ruler, who needed educated men for his kingdom, and the faculties, which tried to insure their academic freedom against royal intrusion. Now, since 1949, the universities are the responsibility of the 11 states of the West German Republic, but the fundamental organization has not changed. Because all German universities are state institutions, there are no private medical schools. An appointed state minister of education is responsible for education, and he selects the new head of a department from a list of three candidates submitted by the faculty. There is no board of trustees which represents the public interest. The internal organization of the faculty is democratic but ineffectual. Although the
Highlights
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2016)

Eating Behavior Disturbance in Frontotemporal Dementia 282Ahmed and colleagues defi ne the severity of abnormal eating behavior and sucrose preference and their neural correlates in patients with behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) and semantic dementia.Forty-nine patients with dementia (19 with bvFTD, 15 with semantic dementia, and 15 with Alzheimer disease) were recruited, and their eating behavior was compared with that of 25 healthy controls.The authors report that marked hyperphagia is restricted to bvFTD, present in all patients with this diagnosis, and supports its diagnostic value.Editorial perspective is provided by Jennifer L. Whitwell, PhD.
Formation of Strong Airway Irritants in Mixtures of Isoprene/Ozone and Isoprene/Ozone/Nitrogen Dioxide
Authors: Cornelius K. Wilkins, Per A. Clausen, Peder Wolkoff, S. Thor Larsen, Maria Hammer, Kjeld Larsen, Vivi Hansen, Gunnar D. Nielsen
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2001)

We evaluated the airway irritation of isoprene, isoprene/ozone, and isoprene/ozone/nitrogen dioxide mixtures using a mouse bioassay, from which we calculated sensory irritation, bronchial constriction, and pulmonary irritation. We observed significant sensory irritation (approximately 50% reduction of mean respiratory rate) by dynamically exposing the mice, over 30 min, to mixtures of isoprene and O3 or isoprene, O3, and NO2. The starting concentrations were approximately 4 ppm O3 and 500 ppm isoprene (+ approximately 4 ppm NO2. The reaction mixtures after approximately 30 sec contained < 0.2 ppm O3. Addition of the effects of the residual reactants and the identified stable irritant products (formaldehyde, formic acid, acetic acid, methacrolein, and methylvinyl ketone) could explain only partially the observed sensory irritation. This suggests that one or more strong airway irritants were formed. It is thus possible that oxidation reactions of common unsaturated compounds may be relevant for indoor air quality.
Biliary
Authors: N Fisher, S Rgn, J Gibson, Cholecystokinin Luman, S Ghosh, G Smith, Jef Ardill, E Armstrong
Journal: Gut (1996)

Introduction: Gastroenterologists differ in their use of sedation in upper gastrointestinal endoscopy.There have been few studies comparing sedation and non-sedation, and we sought to clarify this by a prospective, randomised controlled trial.Methods: Out-patients referred for diagnostic endoseopy were invited to participate in our study.Only patients with a history of dysphagia were excluded.Subjects were randomised and informed in advance.All patients were given lignocaine throat spray prior to the procedure.The endoscopist recorded duration of procedure, no. of biopsies taken, occurrence of arrythmias or hypoxia, and the degree of ease of the procedure on a numerical scale.Patients were given a questionnaire with numerically graded answers and asked to complete this not less than 24hrs after the procedure.Results: 282 patients invited before 100 agreed to participate (77M,23F).50 patients in each arm.No.biopsies was well-matched (mean 1.33 in each group).mean duration of procedure lower in non-sedated group (3min 25sec vs. 4min 5sec).Procedure slightly easier in non-sedated group ( 1.56 vs 1.70 on scale of 1 to 5).One patient converted from no sedation to sedation.Non-sedated group found procedure more unpleasant ( 2.53 vs 1.23 on scale of I to 5) and were slightly less willing to have procedure done in same manner in future (1.35 vs 1.09), but only 6/50 would prefer procedure to be done with sedation next time.Conclusions: Endoseopy faster and easier in non-sedated group.These patients find procedure more unpleasant, but do not mind procedure repeated in same way in future.