tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Rheumatic Heart Disease in Children: A Correction
Authors: A Addison, F Alderson, R Anderson, E Berdoe, Mr Bryce, London Barratt, L Bidwell, Mlr Bush, Mr Blackett, Rotherham Baldwin, B Bramwell, J Batterham, St Leonards, Messrs Burroughs, Lancaster- Barling, Bournemouth Clarke, Mr Cymro, Woodstock Caudwell, F Cresswell, A Coles, Bournemouth Mr, C Clark, Dyce Duckworth, ; Distin, Messrs Dawbarn, ; London, Ashton-Under-Lyne Duncan, A Davies, : London, Aberdeen Duncan, C Dukes, C Douglas, H Dyer, Pen- Zance Evershed, Bolton Flitcroft, W Frew, W Farquharson, E Gwynn, Mr Gabe, Warwick Gardner, F Grant, C Gott, Paris Mr, Weymouth Granger, G Gulland, F Hinds, G Halley, London Haughton, London Hartz- Horne, L Henry, Mr Hunter, J Henry, Kingston-On-Thames-; Hereford, W Hudson, Bournemouth Johns, F Jordan, J Johnston, R Jardine, R Jones, -Woodford Bridge, G Keith, Lonidon Loch, E Leward, J Little, London Lint, ; Leask, W Law, Barmouth Lloyd, Messrs Sons, Mr Macgregor, M Matthews, Miss Mallet, E Moore, A Martin, Mr Madden, R Mccraith, J Pringle, Co Davis, C Porter, ;-Mr Perkins
Journal: BMJ (1898)

quinine with meals, and a tiny dose of potassium iodide and sodium bicarbonate at bedtime, dry cupping in extreme pain in sciatica or lumbago.Of course, care in minor matters is presumed, such as having bedclothes and underwear well aired, that is, dried and warmed.After three or four weeks of hydrotherapeutics, " Member's " instincts will lead him to golf or cycliikg and to a square neal.DDR.B. ADDY (Birkdale) writes: I suffered for years in a similar way.In my opinion the muscles become stiff and painful from their quiescent state during the night.For medicinal treatment I found potassium iodide witlh ammoniated tincture of guaiacum 3ss taken regularly most efficacious.I order guaiacum very freely, and rarely find it fail to give relief in rheumatic and gouty affections.My sciatica was benefited by the hot douches at Bath whilst immersed in the bath applied for 15 minutes along the sciatic nerve.As to diet, avoid animal food as much as possible; in fact.Dr. Haig's views on diet meet with my strongest personal approval, anld I have largely followed them.CIVIL Oil MILITARY?NAVY.-In answer to our corresponident, who wants advice as to whether! he should eniter one of the public services-for a limited time before beginning private practice, we reply: He is not too old at 24 to enter, although he would lhave had a better start at 22, if making it a life career; but we have grave doubts if, as he proposes, twelve years' ser- vice in the navy or army, and retirement by gratuity, is likely to prove *;a good introduction to private practice.He would be close on 4o before he could begin, and at that a-e a practitioner who begins early has -either made or marred his civit career.VWe would rather advise him to choose quickly and defilnitively, as a life career.either one of the public services or civil practice.The system which he proposes was tried in the army about twenty years ago, amonlg the so-called "thousand pounders," and did not prove a success.
Teenage monoarthralgia.
Authors: C J Wakeley, M J Cobby
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1994)

<h3>ABSTRACT</h3> We previously reported that deficiency in 20-HETE or CYP4A impaired the myogenic response and autoregulation of cerebral blood flow (CBF) in rats. The present study demonstrated that CYP4A was coexpressed with alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and most pericytes along parenchymal arteries (PAs) isolated from SD rats. Cell contractile capabilities of cerebral VSMCs and pericytes were reduced with a 20-HETE synthesis inhibitor, N-Hydroxy-N′-(4-butyl-2-methylphenyl)-formamidine (HET0016) but restored with 20-HETE analog 20-hydroxyeicosa-5(Z),14(Z)-dienoic acid (WIT003). Similarly, intact myogenic responses of the middle cerebral artery and PA of SD rats decreased with HET0016 and rescued by WIT003. Lastly, HET0016 impaired well autoregulated CBF in the surface and deep cortex of SD rats. These results demonstrate that 20-HETE has a direct effect on cerebral mural cell contractility that may play an essential role in CBF autoregulation.
Ethics Committees
Authors: Tracy E. Miller
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1994)

Letters1 November 1994Ethics CommitteesTracy E. Miller, JD and Aaron L. Mackler, PhDTracy E. Miller, JDSearch for more papers by this author and Aaron L. Mackler, PhDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-121-9-199411010-00025 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Contrary to Fleetwood and Unger's claims [1], the New York State Task Force on Life and the Law does not propose that physicians receive special or automatic immunity for following the advice of an ethics committee. As part of a broad proposal covering surrogate decisions for patients without decision-making capacity who have not provided treatment directives [2], the Task Force has recommended legal protection for health care professionals who in good faith honor decisions made in accord with the proposal. Such decisions will rarely involve ethics committees, which play only a limited role in the proposed policy ...References1. Fleetwood J, Unger SS. Institutional ethics committees and the shield of immunity. Ann Intern Med. 1994; 120:320-5. Google Scholar2. New York State Task Force on Life and the Law. When Others Must Choose: Deciding for Patients without Capacity. New York: New York State Task Force on Life and the Law; 1992. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 November 1994Volume 121, Issue 9Page: 725KeywordsHealth careImmunityPatient advocacy Issue Published: 1 November 1994 CopyrightCopyright © 1994 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
AMA Judicial Council activities
Authors: B. Nortell
Journal: JAMA (1978)

AS PART of its ongoing activities concerning review of professional conduct, the AMA Judicial Council has submitted a report recommending changes in the "Principles of Medical Ethics of the American Medical Association." The new version proposed by the Judicial Council at the 1977 Interim Meeting is intended to modernize the language of the principles and to clarify their meaning. Under the provisions of the AMA bylaws, no action can be taken on the new version until the Annual Meeting of the House of Delegates June 17-22, 1978. The current and proposed principles appear below and on the following page. The Judicial Council desires to obtain the comments and suggestions of interested parties prior to the June 1978 meeting. Address them to Bruce Nortell, Secretary, AMA Judicial Council, American Medical Association, 535 N Dearborn St, Chicago, IL 60610. <h3>Current Principles of Medical Ethics</h3> Preamble. These principles are intended to aid physicians
Notices: Notice of omission to give appropriate credit
Authors: Jules Frcp, Anil Dhawan, Lucia Debiase
Journal: Hepatology (2003)

This unique course will provide state-of-the-art lectures, tutorials, and case discussions to facillitate the optimal management of liver disease in both children and adults.The focus of the course is to empower clinicians and health professionals to undertake effective clinical practice from evidence-based perspective.There will be parallel sessions on subjects that are of exclusive interest to pediatricians, physicians, and surgeons.Topics will include Applied Anatomy, Physiology, Molecular Biology of the Liver,
Coronary angioplasty. Is surgical standby needed?
Authors: D. S. Baim
Journal: JAMA (1992)

While angioplasty was initially thought only to compress plaque, the dominant mechanism is now known to be fracture of plaque and plastic deformation of the vessel wall. Such plaque fractures are evident angiographically (as intimal filling defects or dissection) in most successful dilatations, without interfering with antegrade flow or vessel healing. In 5% of angioplasty attempts, however, local dissection leads to abrupt closure of the dilated vessel—inhibition of antegrade flow with profound myocardial ischemia.<sup>1</sup>Most closure events become apparent before the patient leaves the cardiac catheterization laboratory, although a small number occur within 24 hours. Since there was initially no way to reverse abrupt closure, it was critical to perform all angioplasties with cardiac surgical standby so that prompt bypass might limit myocardial infarction. Even with an available operating room, however, it was rare to institute cardiopulmonary bypass within 1 hour of the onset of ischemia. Although half of
ESOPHAGEAL ATRESIA
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A cross-national comparison of generalist physician workforce data. Evidence for US supply adequacy
Authors: M. E. Whitcomb
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To assess the adequacy of the US generalist physician workforce using population-based, cross-national physician workforce data. <h3>Design.</h3> —A comparative analysis of physician workforce data obtained from primary sources in Canada in 1991 and from England and Germany in 1993. <h3>Methods.</h3> —Generalist physician-to-population ratios were calculated for each country and the results compared in the context of how primary care services are delivered. The findings were used to create a framework for analyzing the adequacy of the generalist physician workforce of the United States. <h3>Main Outcome Measure.</h3> —The comparability of the number of primary care providers per 100 000 population in the US physician workforce with the number in Canada, England, and Germany. <h3>Results.</h3> —On a population basis, the size of the full-time US generalist physician workforce is larger than that of England, similar to that of Germany, and smaller than that of Canada. These size differences are largely reconciled when one takes into account differences in the way primary care services are delivered, the degree to which nurse practitioners are employed in each country, and the degree to which nongeneralist physicians provide primary care services. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —The size of the US generalist physician workforce is currently adequate to meet the needs of the population. Policies designed to greatly expand the size of the US generalist physician workforce are ill-conceived. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1995;274:692-695)
Evaluation of chromosomal aneusomy in bronchial epithelium of smokers as a marker for lung cancer risk
Authors: M. Varella-Garcia, A. P. Schulte, J. Kittelson, C. Zeng, Y. Miller, W. A. Franklin, F. R. Hirsch
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

7184 Background: The clinical outcome of lung cancer will be significantly improved if the disease is diagnosed in an early stage, which makes development of new diagnostic strategies necessary. In the search for biomarkers, which can be used for prediction and early diagnosis of lung cancer in high-risk population, we tested a fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) assay for aneusomy in bronchial epithelium. Methods: The FISH probe (LAVysion, Vysis/Abbott) consists of 4 distinctly labeled DNA targets: one centromeric (CEP6) and 3 locus-specific (5p15.2, EGFR, cMYC). Four groups of individuals were examined: NN= 17 non-smokers without tumor; NT= 10 non-smokers with non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC); SN= 35 smokers without tumor; and ST= 17 smokers with NSCLC. Non-malignant bronchial epithelium was obtained from individuals accrued in clinical trials (NN and SN) or undergoing tumor resection (NT and ST). Cutoff for the percentage of abnormal cells was defined based on 100% specificity in the NN individuals. Results: The frequency of individuals with FISH aneusomy, defined as gain for at least two DNA targets, was 40% in NT, 37% in SN, and 55% in ST. In smokers (former or current), the presence of FISH aneusomy in non-malignant bronchial epithelium made an increased odds ratio (OR) of 2.4 for having lung cancer compared to the smokers without this abnormality (p=0.14). However, a combination of two specific targets, c-MYC and CEP6 provided a stronger and significant association with cancer in smokers (OR = 7.08; p=0.02). Conclusions: FISH aneusomy in non-malignant bronchial epithelium from smokers might discriminate between individuals with and without cancer. The value of this assay as a marker for risk or early detection or as a surrogate endpoint for response evaluation in chemoprevention trials are being tested in ongoing studies. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration AstraZeneca NIH-NCI SPORE in Lung Cancer
Meta-analysis of Prevention of Nonvertebral Fractures by Alendronate-Reply
Authors: Deborah R. Shapiro
Journal: JAMA (1997)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Dr Ross has expressed several concerns about the meta-analysis that we believe are not justified. Our article states that data were derived from<i>all</i>studies of the treatment of osteoporosis with oral alendronate that were of at least 2 years' duration and were completed in 1995 when the analysis was performed—no eligible studies were excluded. Alendronate, a proprietary drug, was not marketed at the time the meta-analysis was conducted; therefore we are certain there were no other data. Ross states that there is no evidence that a review protocol was written a priori. As we reported, the decision to conduct a meta-analysis of nonvertebral fracture was post hoc (originally undertaken in response to regulatory agencies); however, the conservative analytical ground rules were defined a priori (before the examination of fracture data). We did not restrict the analysis to patients receiving the optimal dose or to a high-risk subpopulation that may
Advantages of and Problems with Short-Term Mutagenicity Tests for the Assessment of Mutagenic and Carcinogenic Risk
Authors: Claes Ramel
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1983)

The Salmonella microsomal assay has become an indispensible tool for the screening of mutagens and carcinogens, particularly when a large number of samples have to be tested, as in the present context for the screening of air pollution. However, for a more definite identification of potential carcinogens, a verification of the results from bacterial tests has to be performed with a battery of other tests, including point mutations and chromosomal aberrations in eukoaryotic systems. While there is a close qualitative correlation between the mutagenic and carcinogenic property of chemicals, a corresponding quantitative correlation between the mutagenic and carcinogenic potency is not always found. One reason for this lack of quantitative correlation presumably depends on the fact that cancer is induced in two steps, of which only the initiating, but not the promoting, step constitutes a mutational event, which is reflected by mutagenicity tests. Present mutagenicity tests have concentrated on discrete major mutations, while mutations of polygenes, acting on quantitative characters, have largely been omitted. Mutational data from Drosophila indicate, however, that polygenes mutate at a considerably higher rate than major genes and that they have a comparatively strong effect in heterozygous condition. It seems of great importance to develop appropriate methods to study induced mutations of polygenic systems and to get a better understanding of the properties of these genetic systems and an evaluation of the risk connected with induced mutations in polygenes.
Ventricular Aneurysm: Reappraisal Based on a Study of 65 Consecutive Autopsied Cases
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Miscellanea edica
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Definition of impairment essential for prosecuting 'drunken drivers'
Authors: T. Ziporyn
Journal: JAMA (1985)

Effective prosecution for "drunken driving" requires a definition of impairment acceptable in all jurisdictions. This is particularly important today because, even by conservative estimates, ethyl alcohol plays a role in at least half of all fatal automobile accidents (eg, Ross, HL:<i>Deterring the Drinking Driver</i>, Lexington, Mass, Lexington Books, 1984; and Henry [ed]:<i>Todd, Sanford, Davidsohn Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Laboratory Methods</i>, ed 17, Philadelphia, WB Saunders Co, 1984, p 368). The need for an objective, enforceable, and well-defined test for ethanol concentration in a body fluid therefore seems straightforward enough. But as the countless books, pamphlets, and policy documents on defending or deterring the "drunken driver" suggest, there is a tremendous amount of confusion—among those outside the field—about what is the best test to measure blood alcohol concentrations and even about the units in which to report these concentrations. To convict a driver of "driving under the influence," prosecutors must show that the driver's behavior has
Vaccination against hepatitis C virus infection: Miles to go before we sleep Choo Q-L, Kuo G, Ralston R, Weiner A, Chien D, Van Nest G, Han J, Berger K, Thudium K, Kuo C, Kansopon J, McFarland J, Tabrizi A, Ching K, Moss B, Cummins LB, Houghton M, Muchmore E. Vaccination of chimpanzees against infection by the hepatitis C virus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1994;91:1294–1298
Authors: M Koziel
Journal: Hepatology (1994)
Phase I Trial of Carmustine Plus O6-Benzylguanine for Patients With Recurrent or Progressive Malignant Glioma
Authors: Henry S. Friedman, James Pluda, Jennifer A. Quinn, Reginald B. Ewesuedo, Lina Long, Allan H. Friedman, Ilkcan Cokgor, O. Michael Colvin, Michael M. Haglund, David M. Ashley, Jeremy N. Rich, John Sampson, Anthony E. Pegg, Robert C. Moschel, Roger E. McLendon, James M. Provenzale, Elizabeth S. Stewart, Sandra Tourt-Uhlig, Ana M. Garcia-Turner, James E. Herndon, Darell D. Bigner, M. Eileen Dolan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2000)

PURPOSE: The major mechanism of resistance to alkylnitrosourea therapy involves the DNA repair protein O 6 -alkylguanine-DNA alkyltransferase (AGT), which removes chloroethylation or methylation damage from the O 6 position of guanine. O 6 -benzylguanine (O 6 -BG) is an AGT substrate that inhibits AGT by suicide inactivation. We conducted a phase I trial of carmustine (BCNU) plus O 6 -BG to define the toxicity and maximum-tolerated dose (MTD) of BCNU in conjunction with the preadministration of O 6 -BG with recurrent or progressive malignant glioma. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients were treated with O 6 -BG at a dose of 100 mg/m 2 followed 1 hour later by BCNU. Cohorts of three to six patients were treated with escalating doses of BCNU, and patients were observed for at least 6 weeks before being considered assessable for toxicity. Plasma samples were collected and analyzed for O 6 -BG, 8-oxo-O 6 -BG, and 8-oxoguanine concentration. RESULTS: Twenty-three patients were treated (22 with glioblastoma multiforme and one with anaplastic astrocytoma). Four dose levels of BCNU (13.5, 27, 40, and 55 mg/m 2 ) were evaluated, with the highest dose level being complicated by grade 3 or 4 thrombocytopenia and neutropenia. O 6 -BG rapidly disappeared from plasma (elimination half-life = 0.54 ± 0.14 hours) and was converted to a longer-lived metabolite, 8-oxo-O 6 -BG (elimination half-life = 5.6 ± 2.7 hours) and further to 8-oxoguanine. There was no detectable O 6 -BG 5 hours after the start of the O 6 -BG infusion; however, 8-oxo-O 6 -BG and 8-oxoguanine concentrations were detected 25 hours after O 6 -BG infusion. The mean area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) of 8-oxo-O 6 -BG was 17.5 times greater than the mean AUC for O 6 -BG. CONCLUSION: These results indicate that the MTD of BCNU when given in combination with O 6 -BG at a dose of 100 mg/m 2 is 40 mg/m 2 administered at 6-week intervals. This study provides the foundation for a phase II trial of O 6 -BG plus BCNU in nitrosourea-resistant malignant glioma.