tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
WHY SCIENTISTS ARE POOR WRITERS.
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Propionibacterium acnes.
Authors: A. M. Glenn, C. M. Wood
Journal: BMJ (1988)

is a familiar example.My limited personal ex- perience as a kinesiology subject suggests that after a few tests the arms tire and responding becomes confounded with the cumulative effects of being repeatedly tested.Professor Garrow's experi- mental design does not allow the effects of repeated testing to be differentiated from those of know- ledge of the identity of the test substances.Conclusions about the reliability of the kinesiology response are premature.
Examination of Sweat in Chronic Paranasal Sinusitis in Children
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Update on the evaluation of hypersensitivity reactions to betalactams
Authors: M. Blanca, A. Romano, M. J. Torres, J. Férnandez, C. Mayorga, J. Rodriguez, P. Demoly, P. J. Bousquet, H. F. Merk, M. L. Sanz, H. Ott, M. Atanasković‐Marković
Journal: Allergy (2009)

Hypersensitivity reactions to betalactams (BLs) are classified as immediate or nonimmediate. The former usually appear within 1 h of drug‐intake and are mediated by specific IgE‐antibodies. Nonimmediate reactions are those occurring more than 1 h after drug‐intake, and they can be T‐cell mediated. The diagnostic evaluation of allergic reactions to BLs has changed over the last 5 years, for several reasons. Major and minor determinants are no longer commercially available for skin testing in many countries. In immediate allergic reactions, the sensitivity of skin testing and immunoassays is decreasing and new in vitro methods, such as the basophil activation test, are gaining importance for diagnosis. For nonimmediate reactions, skin testing appears to be less sensitive than previous results, although more studies need to be carried out in this direction. Nevertheless, the drug provocation test is still necessary for diagnosis.
Melanoma awareness and sun exposure in Leicester
Authors: J.F. BOURKE, M.F. HELSMITH, R.A.C. GRAHAM-BROWN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

The city of Leicester, in conjunction with other centres throughout the U.K., was targeted for publicity about melanoma over a 3‐year period from 1987 to 1989. We report the results of a survey to assess the level of awareness of melanoma, and to document current sunbathing practices subsequent to that period. The general level of awareness of melanoma in the community was good (74%). People who knew about melanoma were more likely to use a sunscreen at home and abroad (odds ratios 1·63, 95% CI 1·19‐2·24 and 1·39. 95% CI 1·03‐1·86). but paradoxically more likely to sunbathe than those who had never heard of melanoma (odds ratio 1·33. 95% CI 1·03‐1·72). Females were more knowledgeable than males (odds ratio 1·74, 95% CI 1·26‐2·22), but continued to sunbathe. Teenagers and young adults tended to be relatively ignorant of melanoma, and were less likely to protect themselves against sunburn while sunbathing than other age groups. Teenagers, young adults, and males need to be targeted more effectively in future publicity campaigns. Furthermore, many people who know about melanoma continue to put themselves at risk by sunbathing. New strategies need to be developed to influence behaviour as well as increasing awareness.
Abstract 4988: CD 137 agonists as an adjunct to immune checkpoint inhibitors to overcome resistance in melanoma
Authors: Sreedevi Danturti, Lena Mayer, Christina Twyman Saint Victor
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Background: Melanoma is currently the fifth most common cancer in men and sixth most common in women with an estimate of 9,320 deaths from the disease in the United States. Anti-PD1, an immune checkpoint inhibitor, is FDA approved to treat metastatic melanoma with durable responses observed in 53% of patients. Studies suggest that combining therapies (e.g. immune checkpoint inhibitors, radiation therapy, and/or agonist antibodies) can be more effective than monotherapy. CD137 is expressed on a variety of cell populations including T cells, dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages. CD137 agonists have proved effective in multiple murine tumor models and have had modest responses in early clinical trials. We hypothesize that CD137 agonists can augment the anti-PD1 anti-tumor immune response resulting in improved overall survival and decreased tumor burden in melanoma. Methods: 499 melanoma cells, which were derived from B16-F10, are implanted on both flanks of C57BL6 mice. The mice are treated with anti-CD137 and/or anti-PD1 on day 10, 13 and 16 post-implantation. The anti-tumor response is assessed by both overall survival and tumor burden. Tumors are harvested on day 19 for protein, transcriptomic and immune profiling. Results: Monotherapy with either anti-CD137 agonists or anti-PD1 antagonists increases the overall survival by 8 days; whereas, combination therapy results in an increase of 25 days. To investigate the mechanisms of response and resistance to combination therapy, tumors were harvested and assessed via a proteomic array that identified 36 proteins that were upregulated in the non-responders. Transcriptomic profiling of these tumors using Nanostring IO 360 corroborated these findings and identified both the myeloid the T cell immune populations are upregulated in responders. Conclusions: These results suggest a dual role for both the innate and adaptive immune response in treating melanoma. By understanding the mechanism of response and further characterization we can further best apply the combination therapy to overcome resistance after immunotherapy. Note: This abstract was not presented at the meeting. Citation Format: Sreedevi Danturti, Lena Mayer, Christina Twyman Saint Victor. CD 137 agonists as an adjunct to immune checkpoint inhibitors to overcome resistance in melanoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 4988.
Eosinophil-induced chronic active hepatitis in the idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome
Authors: A Foong
Journal: Hepatology (1991)

A 19-yr-old man had features of chronic hepatitis with piecemeal necrosis as the sole clinical feature of the idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome. Liver biopsy specimens demonstrated the presence of activated eosinophils and, by immunohistochemical staining, major basic protein in areas of hepatic cell damage. The case demonstrates the clinical presentation of the idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome as chronic hepatitis and the association between eosinophil infiltration and degranulation with the presence of hepatocyte necrosis. (HEPATOLOGY 1991;13:1090–1094.)
SILAS WEIR MITCHELL
Authors: J. H. T.
Journal: JAMA (1961)

Neither of the two most prolific writers of psychiatric novels in the 19th century were orthodox psychiatrists. Oliver W. Holmes, a family practitioner, occupied the Chair of Anatomy at Harvard Medical School; S. Weir Mitchell, 20 years his junior, began his medical career as a neurologist in Philadelphia.<sup>1</sup>Scientific inquiry into mental phenomena, enhanced by enduring devotion to the practice of medicine, was a characteristic of each. The world of the sick-bed explains in a measure some of the things that are strange in daily life.<sup>2</sup> Although the designation "prudish" might be too harsh, Mitchell reflected his puritanical Philadelphia background in actions and writing. Attendance at Sunday school and church was habitual; games on Sunday and card playing at all times were considered evil by his parents. Mitchell was conservative in his approach to the subject of sex. Correspondence during his postgraduate days in Paris gave no indication
Arteriosklerose und Hypertonie unter Berücksichtigung ihrer Beziehungen zur Gewerbehygiene und ihrer Bekämpfung auf Organotherapeutischem Wege.
Journal: JAMA (1923)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
AB0982 Moves: Magnitude of osteoarthritis disadvantage on people’s lives: Pain in self-reported osteoarthritis
Authors: L. Cunha-Miranda, A. Faustino
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most prevalent rheumatic disease and its impact on patients' lives is related primarily with pain. In a population setting, it is important to evaluate the factors associated with pain. <h3>Objectives</h3> To determine potential factors associated with pain in self-reported OA. <h3>Methods</h3> An observational, population-based, cross-sectional study was conducted by Eurotrials Consultants in mainland Portugal, between September and October 2011, by random route. Citizens aged ≥45 years who agreed to participate completed a survey in home interviews including sociodemographics and presence of OA. Prevalent cases were characterized regarding treatment of OA, comorbidities, impact (VAS 0-10, none to higher impact) and pain of OA (VAS 0-10, no pain to worse pain), patient's perception of importance of OA given by current physician (VAS 0-10, none to higher importance), disability due to OA (VAS 0-10, none to maximum disability) and health status (SF-12 v2.0®; physical and mental health, 0 no health - 100 better health). Spearman correlation coefficient (r) was calculated. <h3>Results</h3> A representative sample of 1039 participants completed the screening survey. About 54% were female, mean age of 62 years (range: 45-99), average of 7 school-years, 18% obese (body mass index ≥30+ kg/m<sup>2</sup>) and 77% retired (0.8% due to OA). Self-reported OA was present in 9.9% of participants (95% CI, 8.1-11.7%), 92% of those with OA diagnosis confirmed by x-ray (self-reported). In this population, mean level of pain was 4.5 (standard deviation: 3.3). Mental and physical health scores averaged 45.9 and 38.5, respectively. Pain showed to be poorly but significantly associated with height (r=-0.221; p=0.025) and moderately associated with physical health (r=-0.479; p&lt;0.001) and mental health (r=-0.414; p&lt;0.001). Median pain score was higher in participants with neck OA than without (7.9 vs 4.2; p=0.008), hands (5.0 vs 3.1; p=0.029), lumbar spine (7.3 vs 4.1; p=0.020) and shoulders (7.2 vs 4.1; p=0.025). Pain was associated with OA impact (r=0.524; p&lt;0.001), OA severity (r=0.557; p&lt;0.001) and disability due to OA (r=0.587; p&lt;0.001). <h3>Conclusions</h3> We found that OA pain is related to factors like severity, mental health and disability due to OA as a contributing factor of clinical impairments. Interestingly, we found that some of the less prevalent locations of osteoarthritis are more related with pain in contrast to knee or hip. Therefore pain reduction should be an important aim in the management of OA because of its close relation to severity, impact and disability. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Pulmonary actinomycosis
Authors: G.F. Mabeza, J. Macfarlane
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2003)

Pulmonary actinomycosis is a rare but important and challenging diagnosis to make. Even when the clinical suspicion is high, the disease is commonly confused with other chronic suppurative lung diseases and with malignancy. An early, accurate diagnosis will prevent the considerable psychological and physical morbidity, including unwarranted surgery, associated with delayed diagnosis. The clinical, radiological and therapeutic characteristics of the infection are reviewed here. Respiratory physicians should be aware of this important differential when investigating patients for persistent pulmonary shadowing. This will expedite the diagnosis of an otherwise highly treatable condition with an excellent prognosis if picked up early.
Method for detecting the disconnection of an extracorporeal device using a patient's endogenous electrical voltages
Authors: E.A. Ross, C. Briz, R.J. Sadleir
Journal: Kidney International (2006)

Tubing (especially venous) disconnections using pumped devices cause significant hemorrhage, and current monitoring techniques are imperfect because they rely on intraluminal pressure changes. We devised a passive detection method based on a patient's electrical voltages being transmitted via blood tubing to our alarm circuit. As the arterial and venous access sites are in close proximity, the signals are nearly identical during connection, and markedly different with disconnection. We built a prototype and tested it in vitro with saline and during hemodialysis treatments (n=7). The connection status is determined by examining the difference between endogenous voltages in the blood tubing from and to the patient, and when it exceeds a threshold an alarm condition is triggered. We tested for possible confounding by an electrical shunt through the dialyzer and determined that pathway had an impedance approximately three times (>350 kOmega) that of the tubing to the patient. As the roller blood-pump periodically occluded the tubing, the resultant intermittent very high impedance prevented that potential shunting problem and improved the sensitivity of our device. Disconnections were detectable at various bloodline sites (needles, sampling ports, drip chambers). Thus, the circuit's sensors can be placed remotely at the dialysis machine, with electrical continuity to blood made by inexpensive conductive elements at the tubing wall or drip chambers. Appropriate threshold and noise-eliminating circuitry, as well as alarm states that alert the staff and stop the blood pump, make our prototype a promising low-cost safety enhancement.
Erratum: Genetic variants in TPMT and COMT are associated with hearing loss in children receiving cisplatin chemotherapy
Authors: Colin J D Ross, Hagit Katzov-Eckert, Marie-Pierre Dubé, Beth Brooks, S Rod Rassekh, Amina Barhdadi, Yassamin Feroz-Zada, Henk Visscher, Andrew M K Brown, Michael J Rieder, Paul C Rogers, Michael S Phillips, Bruce C Carleton, Michael R Hayden
Journal: Nature Genetics (2013)
Incorrect Subcategory in a Table and Revision for Text
Authors: Michael Marchetti, Stephen Dusza, Allan Halpern, Kathryn Shahwan, Alexa Kimball
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2016)

Tami S. Rowen, MD, MS; Thomas W. Gaither, BS; Mohannad A. Awad, MD; E. Charles Osterberg, MD; Alan W. Shindel, MD, MAS; Benjamin N. Breyer, MD, MAS
Risk of mortality in patients with uncontrolled variceal bleeding is determined by the presence and severity of acute on chronic liver failure (ACLF) and early transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPSS) reduces long term mortality
Authors: Rahul Kumar, Annarein Kerbert, Joana Calvão, Raj Mookerjee, Banwari Agarwal, David Patch, Rajiv Jalan
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2020)
A phase III study of trabectedin (T) plus pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD) versus PLD for treatment of advanced-relapsed epithelial ovarian, primary peritoneal, or fallopian tube cancer.
Authors: Robert L. Coleman, Bradley J. Monk, Roland Elmar Knoblauch, Trilok V. Parekh, Spyros Triantos, Raymond Scott Maul, Youn Choi Park, Thomas J Herzog
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

TPS5606 Background: Ovarian cancer (OVC) is the eighth most common cancer among women globally, with approximately 60%–70% of cases being diagnosed at an advanced stage (III or IV). Five-year survival rate for advanced stages is under 40%. In a previous pivotal trial, patients with OVC who relapsed after first-line platinum-based chemotherapy (PCT) demonstrated superior progression free survival when treated with the T+PLD combination vs. PLD monotherapy (7.3 vs. 5.8 months; HR = 0.79; p = 0.019). In a subgroup analysis by platinum free interval, T+PLD showed an improved overall survival (OS) for patients with Platinum Free Interval of 6–12 months (HR = 0.64) (J Clin Oncol. 2010 28:3107-14.). Given this demonstrated efficacy, we are conducting a global phase III registration trial to investigate the OS of T+PLD vs. PLD in patients with platinum sensitive epithelial OVC, peritoneal or fallopian tube cancer, in the third-line setting. Methods: In this open-label, active-controlled trial, approximately 670 women who have received 2 prior lines of PCT will be enrolled at approximately 135 sites in 9 countries. Key inclusion criteria: all women must be platinum sensitive (defined as no evidence of disease progression for ≥ 6 months after the last dose of first-line PCT), and demonstrated a partial or complete response to second line PCT. Key exclusion criteria: OVC with mucinous histology and > 2 prior lines of chemotherapy. Patients will be stratified by Platinum Free Interval, ECOG performance status, BRCA 1 or 2 mutation status, and prior PLD therapy. Stratified patients will be randomized (1:1) to receive PLD (30 mg/m2, 1.5 h, i.v.) followed by T (1.1 mg/m2, 3 h, i.v.) every 3 weeks or PLD alone (50 mg/m2, 1.5 h, i.v.) every 4 weeks. Primary endpoint is OS. Secondary endpoints include progression free survival, overall response rate (ORR), safety, and pharmacokinetics of T. Planned study duration is 64 months. An interim OS analysis is planned after 308 events. Final OS analysis will be done after ≥ 514 events have been observed. As of 19 January 2015, 145 patients have been randomized (ClinicalTrials.gov #: NCT01846611). Clinical trial information: NCT01846611.
Abstract 17251: Enhanced Late Sodium Current Predisposes Cardiomyocytes From Aged Guinea Pigs to the Arrhythmogenic Effects of Hydrogen Peroxide
Authors: Yejia Song, Sridharan Rajamani, Luiz Belardinelli
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction Aging is associated with both a decreased tolerance to oxidative stress and an increased incidence of cardiac arrhythmias. This study examined the hypotheses that 1) ventricular myocytes from aged guinea pigs (GPs) are more susceptible than those from young GPs to hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 )-induced arrhythmic activity, and 2) the vulnerability of aged myocytes to actions of H 2 O 2 may be attributed to an enhanced late Na + current (I NaL ). Methods The action potential duration (APD) and I NaL of ventricular myocytes isolated from one-month old (young myocytes) and one-year old (aged myocytes) GPs were determined using the whole-cell patch-clamp technique. Results H 2 O 2 (200 μM) caused a greater prolongation of the APD and induced more early afterdepolarizations (EADs) in aged, than in young, myocytes. The effect of H 2 O 2 was time-dependent. During a 7-min exposure to H 2 O 2 alone, the APD of young and aged myocyte was prolonged by 9±3% and 35±5%, respectively. When H 2 O 2 was applied in the presence of the I NaL blocker GS967 (0.1 μM), the APD of aged myocytes was prolonged by only 16±8%. H 2 O 2 alone induced EADs in 6% and 71% of young and aged myocytes, respectively, and failed to induce EADs when applied in the presence of GS967 (Figure). The magnitude of I NaL was significantly larger in aged (-0.496±0.044 pA/pF) than in young (-0.239±0.016 pA/pF) myocytes. KN-93 (10 μM) and AIP (2 μM), blockers of Ca 2+ /calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII), but not KN-92 (inactive analog of KN-93, 10 μM), significantly reduced the I NaL of aged myocytes to -0.213±0.023 pA/pF and -0.166±0.010 pA/pF, and the I NaL of young myocytes to -0.167±0.019 pA/pF and -0.165±0.021 pA/pF, respectively. Conclusions 1) Cardiomyocytes from aged GPs are more susceptible to the arrhythmogenic effects of H 2 O 2 ; 2) CaMKII-mediated increase in I NaL may underlie the vulnerability of aged myocytes; 3) Inhibition of I NaL may be beneficial for maintaining electrical stability under oxidative stress.
Reply
Authors: T. Genereau, B. Wechsler
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1996)

Journal Article Reply Get access T. Genereau, T. Genereau Service de Médicine Interne, Höpital de la Pitié, Paris, France. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar B. Wechsler B. Wechsler Service de Médicine Interne, Höpital de la Pitié, Paris, France. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 135, Issue 2, 1 August 1996, Pages 331–332, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1996.tb01178.x Published: 01 August 1996