tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 1526: Colitis promotes intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma via gut microbiome dependent, CXCL1/CXCR2 mediated MDSC accumulation
Authors: Qianfei Zhang, Chi Ma, Umberto Rosato, Bernd Heinrich, Qiong Fu, Diggs Laurence, Tim Greten
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a known risk factor for cholangiocarcinoma. Gut microbiome dysregulation is closely associate with IBD, however, its role in IBD-promoted cholangiocarcinoma is unknown. Here, we established a preclinical mouse model recapitulating the tumor-promoting effect of IBD on cholangiocarcinoma. Increased translocation of gut bacteria to liver is observed in IBD. Oral antibiotic-mediated bacterial depleting shows that neomycin- but not vancomycin-sensitive bacteria mediate the IBD-accelerated tumor progression without affecting IBD disease status. Gut microbiome regulates anti-tumor immunity. A robust increase of hepatic CXCR2+ granulocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells (G-MDSC) was observed, which is caused by IBD and can be blocked by oral neomycin treatment, but not dependent on tumor-bearing condition, gender or mouse strain. Depleting the increased hepatic G-MDSC abolished the IBD-enhanced tumor progression. The liver accumulation of CXCR2+ G-MDSC was regulated by CXCL1 expression of hepatocytes, which was controlled by gut microbiome-mediated LPS/TLR4 axis. The increase of liver granulocytes can also be found in patients with active IBD. Our study provides novel knowledge that bacterial dysregulation in IBD fosters a tumor-promoting environment in liver and contributes to cholangiocarcinoma disease progression. Citation Format: Qianfei Zhang, Chi Ma, Umberto Rosato, Bernd Heinrich, Qiong Fu, Laurence Diggs, Tim Greten. Colitis promotes intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma via gut microbiome dependent, CXCL1/CXCR2 mediated MDSC accumulation [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 1526.
VITAMINS AND INDUSTRIAL WORKERS
Journal: JAMA (1942)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Mortality in persons with multiple sclerosis in the Seattle and Los Angeles areas
Authors: R. M. Malmgren
Journal: JAMA (1981)

Case-mortality and survival rates of more than 2,000 prevalent cases of multiple sclerosis (MS) residing in either Los Angeles County, California, or King and Pierce Counties, Washington, and followed up for 105 months, are reported. Case-mortality at the end of the 105 months was 16.9% of the total group. All age and sex groups had a lower survival rate than the US general population; this difference was especially pronounced in the high-disability groups. There was a trend toward higher case-mortality in high-disability Los Angeles County patients when compared with high-disability patients from King and Pierce Counties. (<i>JAMA</i>1981;246:2042-2045)
Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas
Authors: Stephen E. Jones
Journal: JAMA (1975)

THE TERM "non-Hodgkin lymphomas" is applied to a group of diverse neoplasms that arise in the reticuloendothelial system. Brief summaries of two commonly encountered types of non-Hodgkin lymphoma—diffuse histiocytic lymphoma and nodular, lymphocytic, poorly differentiated lymphoma (Rappaport et al<sup>1</sup>classification)—illustrate some of the variability of features and natural history between types. Diffuse histiocytic lymphoma, which accounts for approximately 30% of all non-Hodgkin lymphomas, is associated with a generally poor prognosis (median survival, about one year). It occurs more frequently in men than in women, but in both sexes there is a broad age distribution. Severe impairment of cell-mediated immunity, constitutional symptoms (fever, night sweats, and weight loss), and intra-abdominal involvement at the time of initial presentation are common. Diffuse histiocytic lymphoma is more likely to involve tissue in the Waldeyer tonsillar ring, the gastrointestinal tract, or other extranodal sites, but one third of these lymphomas are quite localized initially and
Solitary, Enlarging Painful Violaceous Tumor on the Cheek of a 10-Year-Old—Diagnosis
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
In Reply:
Authors: Marc D. Schwartz, Beth N. Peshkin, Claudine Isaacs
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

I was interested to read the report of Carter et al of a conservative management strategy for early prostate cancer, 1 and I agree with the authors that the term "watchful waiting" does not accurately describe their strategy.Given the overdiagnosis and lead-time bias associated with prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening, 2 the natural history of prostate cancer following diagnosis is now far more favorable than it was in the pre-PSA era, making a conservative management strategy an attractive option for many patients.However, clinicians and patients need to understand the important distinctions between the different conservative strategies now available.The term watchful waiting was widely used during the pre-PSA era to describe a policy of observation with palliative treatment for symptomatic cancer progression.Such a policy remains appropriate for patients who, by virtue of age and comorbidities, have a relatively short life expectancy and do not have a radical treatment option.A second, and quite distinct, approach to favorable-risk early prostate cancer is to determine the need for radical treatment based on biochemical or histologic evidence of disease progression during close monitoring.The aim of this approach is to target curative treatment to the minority of patients who need it, so that the majority are spared the side effects of unnecessary treatment.This strategy was first described by Richard Choo et al as, "watchful observation with selective delayed intervention." 3At the Royal Marsden Hospital, we use the term "active surveillance" to describe this strategy. 4 These initial studies have demonstrated the feasibility of this approach, which offers patients a realistic hope of avoiding treatment side effects without detriment to their survival.Active surveillance requires a clear definition of the indications for radical treatment (usually based on PSA doubling time and the results of repeat biopsies), together with a commitment to the policy from both patient and clinician.If these are lacking, the result will be "temporarily deferred therapy," as described by Carter et al, in which men with early prostate cancer who are almost inevitably going to have radical treatment, choose to delay such therapy. 1
Lectures on Orthopœdic Surgery and Diseases of the Joints.
Journal: JAMA (1883)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Increased levels of soluble complement receptor 1 in serum patients with liver diseases
Authors: S Sadallah
Journal: Hepatology (1996)

Complement receptor type 1 (CR1) is an integral membrane protein of many hematopoietic cells and is found in a soluble form in plasma. Preliminary data have indicated that soluble complement receptor 1 (sCR1) levels in serum were increased in patients with cirrhosis. In this study, sCR1 was measured in patients with various liver diseases with a newly established enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). sCR1 level was elevated in chronic active hepatitis C (24 patients, 62.6 ± 31 ng/ML; 31 normal controls, 31.4 ± 7.8 ng/mL, P < .001), and in cirrhosis (35 patients, 143.7 +/- 61 ng/mL, P < .001). The levels increased transiently in 3 patients who had amanita phalloides intoxication. In 25 patients with advanced cirrhosis (pretransplantation screening), there were significant inverse correlations between sCR1 and both the prothrombin index (rs = -.60, P < .002) and the aminopyrine breath test (rs = -.51, P < .01). Following liver transplantation, the levels dropped from 166 ± 70 to 49 ± 24 ng/mL (P < .0001), and serial measurements in the posttransplantation period showed a correlation with liver dysfunction, regardless of etiology. Since CR1 is not produced by hepatocytes, the most likely explanation for the increased level of sCR1 is reduced is reduced catabolism. Thus, sCR1 may be added to the short list of large glycoproteins that accumulate in liver disease. (Hepatology 1996 Jul;24(1):118-22)
Esophageal perforation with obturator airway
Authors: W. J. Carlson
Journal: JAMA (1979)

RUPTURE of the esophagus is an infrequent sequel to insertion of an esophageal obturator airway<sup>1</sup>during cardiopulmonary arrest. Since many of these patients have a poor prognosis, however, prompt recognition coupled with effective treatment when this complication occurs becomes important. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 47-year-old woman with a flu-like syndrome for a two-day period and with no notable past medical history sustained a cardiopulmonary arrest (ventricular fibrillation) while at home. Fire department emergency medical technician (EMT)-paramedics successfully resuscitated her by using closed-chest cardiac massage, an esophageal obturator airway, and electrical direct current countershock. On arrival at Bethesda Lutheran Medical Center, the patient was comatose but breathing spontaneously. Her blood pressure was 136/98 mm Hg, and she had a sinus rhythm of 100 beats per minute. After a grand mal seizure lasting one hour (possibly owing to anoxia), she regained consciousness with no residual cerebral damage. Serial cardiac isoenzyme
ALDOSTERONE SECRETION AND BLOOD PRESSURE REGULATION
Journal: JAMA (1960)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
THE PATHOLOGY OF SCURVY
Journal: JAMA (1926)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Molecular Modeling Studies Suggest That Zinc Ions Inhibit HIV-1 Protease by Binding at Catalytic Aspartates
Authors: Darrin M. York, Tom A. Darden, Lee G. Pedersen, Marshall W. Anderson
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1993)

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease is inhibited in vitro by zinc ions at neutral pH. The binding site of these ions is not known; however, experimental data suggest that binding may occur in the active site. To examine the possibility of zinc binding in the active site, molecular dynamics simulations in the presence and absence of zinc have been carried out to 200 psec. The results are compared with the 2.8-A crystallographic structures of a synthetic HIV-1 protease, and a zinc binding site at the catalytic aspartate residues (Asp-25, Asp-25') is proposed. Molecular dynamics simulations show that the zinc ion remains stably bound in this region, coordinating the carboxylate side chains of both aspartate residues. Interaction with zinc does not disrupt the dimeric structure of the protein or significantly alter the structure of the active site. These data are consistent with experimental studies of HIV-1 protease inhibition by zinc and give strong evidence that this is the binding site that leads to inactivation.
Patient Case Studies and Panel Discussion: Plasma Cell Neoplasms
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2019)

Managing patients with plasma cell neoplasms, diseases in which abnormal plasma cells or myeloma cells form tumors in the bones or soft tissues of the body, poses numerous challenges for clinicians. At the NCCN 2019 Annual Congress: Hematologic Malignancies, a panel of experts discussed evidenced-based approaches for the treatment of patients with these diseases. Moderated by Dr. Andrew D. Zelenetz, the session focused on patients with transplant-ineligible newly diagnosed multiple myeloma, active multiple myeloma, and light chain amyloidosis.
Hepatic ontogenesis
Authors: Charles E. Cornelius
Journal: Hepatology (1985)

It is generally accepted by comparative physiologists that the liver is a unique organ which is found only in vertebrates and which may possess limited homophyly with the midgut glands of invertebrates.A variety of anatomical terms for such organs is currently used by investigators studying invertebrate gastroenterology.The terms include midgut glant, hepatopancreas, hepatic caecum, liver, liver diverticulum, digestive gland, digestive diverticulum, midgut caeca, racemose gland, midgut diverticulum, pyloric caecum and glandular media intestini.The anatomical differences of these invertebrate glands and the multitude of names assigned to them confuse biologists as to their true physiologic nature.There have been 1.12 million species of animals described; 920,000 are insects (1).It is confusing to the systematist that, although the organs of animals differ in anatomical design and complexity, they may all perform fundamentally similar or identical activities.Such analogous devices of highly different species occur despite their different evolutionary origins.This phenomenon of convergence led early scientists to assume that likeness in structures suggests the existence of one ancestral stock as a monophyletic function.It is now well known that such similar organs have arisen polyphyletically by "different evolutionary patterns of adaptive radiation" (1).Early zoological literature commonly referred to digestive glandular outgrowths of the enteron as "liver"; in more recent years, the use of the term "midgut gland" has become popular.Since 1960, the highly conspicuous and more fully studied digestive gland(s) and midgut gland(s) of molluscs and crustaceans have often been referred to as the hepatopancreas ( 2 ) .In 1973, van Wee1 agreed that these glands secrete many digestive enzymes, but concluded that direct evidence for the existence of liver-like functions assigned to this organ is "scant, if not lacking."He strongly recommended retention of the term midgut gland(s) and that the term hepatopancreas is a "misnomer, basically incorrect'' and "ridiculous" (2).Van Weel's plea had limited visibility and acceptance.
Fetal loss and caffeine intake
Authors: F. Parazzini
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —An article by Infante-Rivard et al<sup>1</sup>based on 331 women with fetal loss and 993 controls showed an increased risk of fetal loss associated with drinking caffeine in pregnancy and a trend in risk with the amount of caffeine drunk. Available data on the issue are, however, controversial.<sup>2,3</sup>We report here preliminary data from a case-control study conducted in northern Italy, an area characterized by different patterns of caffeine intake. Cases were 303 women (median age, 31 years) admitted for spontaneous abortion within the 12th week of gestation to a network of obstetric departments in the greater Milan area. Of these, 102 (34%) were between the fourth week and the eighth week of gestation and 201 (66%) were between the ninth week and the 12th week. The control group included 303 subjects (median age, 28 years) recruited from women who gave birth at term (&gt;37
Thrombocytosis in patients with lung cancer
Authors: S. E. Silvis
Journal: JAMA (1970)

The records of 190 patients with a proved diagnosis of lung cancer showed that 60% of the 153 patients in whom platelet counts were performed had thrombocytosis, whereas only 2.6% had thrombocytopenia. Little correlation was found between platelet counts and hemoglobin concentrations. Thromboembolism occurred in 8.9% of the patients during their hospital stay, these patients had slightly higher average hemoglobin values compared with those patients without this complication. The average platelet counts were essentially the same in both groups.
Pediatrics
Authors: James Marvin Baty, Marshall B. Kreidberg, Orvar Swenson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1952)

IN the last progress report on pediatrics, Richard M. Smith1 outlined the growth of the specialty during the first half of this century. He mentioned many of the individuals and organizations that had made important contributions, not only to the development of this branch of medicine but particularly to the solution of the more vexing problems of infancy and childhood, as they existed at the turn of the century and as they subsequently appeared in altered form. It is obvious that at the beginning of this period the greatest hazards in infancy and childhood were presented by the problems of . . .
Community-oriented primary care: the Cuban plan
Authors: W. Ventres
Journal: JAMA (1993)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal