tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abdominal migraine
Authors: Heather Angus-Leppan, Defne Saatci, Alastair Sutcliffe, Roberto J Guiloff
Journal: BMJ (2018)

What you need to know• Abdominal migraine is episodic central abdominal pain occurring with other features of migraine and associated with other episodic syndromes (particularly cyclical vomiting and migraine limb pain)• Abdominal migraine usually starts in childhood, though it may occur in adults, commonly with a family history of migraine • The person is well between episodes with a normal physical examination and developmental milestones • Abdominal migraine is a positive clinical diagnosis and requires no further investigation once "red flags" are excluded • To manage abdominal migraine, provide an explanation of the diagnosis and discuss available acute and preventive treatments with the patient and familyAbdominal migraine is an important, common, and under-recognised cause of recurrent abdominal pain in children.It may be associated with, or followed by, other forms of migraine, and it predicts adult migraine. 1-4A positive diagnosis of abdominal migraine allows appropriate management and avoids unnecessary investigations and incorrect treatments. 3 5Although the evidence base is limited, acute and preventive treatments are available.This article highlights the diagnosis and management of abdominal migraine for non-specialists. Sources and selection criteriaWe performed a Medline search and search of Cochrane Collaboration and Clinical Evidence databases, using the terms "abdominal migraine," "episodic (periodic) syndromes," "childhood migraine," "recurrent abdominal pain," "functional abdominal pain."We gathered evidence on the treatment of childhood migraine and childhood pain from the Cochrane Collaborations, particularly with regard to safety of acute treatment of migraine in children.Guidelines of the Rome Foundation, International Headache Society and North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition informed discussion of definitions and management.These sources were supplemented by our personal archive of references, cited references from these, and discussions with other experts.
Inhalation Exposure of Rats and Mice to 1,3-Butadiene Induces N 6 -Adenine Adducts of Epoxybutene Detected by 32 P-Postlabeling and HPLC
Authors: Pertti Koivisto, Ilse-Dore Adler, Marja Sorsa, Kimmo Peltonen
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1996)
Systemic antibiotic prophylaxis after gastrointestinal hemorrhage in cirrhotic patients with a high risk of infectio
Authors: A Pauwels
Journal: Hepatology (1996)

In cirrhotic patients with gastrointestinal hemorrhage, bacterial infections are frequent and play a significant role in mortality. We have previously found that patients with a Child-Pugh's class C or a rebleeding are a subgroup of cirrhotic patients with a high risk of infection. The aims of the study were (1) to validate these indicators and (2) to assess the effectiveness of a systemic antibiotic treatment in preventing bacterial infections in bleeding cirrhotics with a high risk of infection. One hundred and nineteen bleeding cirrhotic patients were divided into 3 groups. Patients with a Child-Pugh's class A-B and no rebleeding (i.e., with a low risk of infection) constituted group 1 (n = 55). Patients with a high risk of infection were randomly allocated to serve as controls (group 2, n = 34) or to receive the ciprofloxacin and a combination of amoxicillin and clavulanic acid for 3 days after hemorrhage (group 3, n = 30). This antibiotic prophylaxis was administered first intravenously and then orally when the bleeding was controlled. The study period was defined as 10 days after hemorrhage. Incidence of bacterial infections was significantly higher in patients from group 2 than in patients from group 1 (52.9% vs. 18.2%; P < .001). Moreover, infections were more severe in group 2: a sepsis syndrome or a septic shock developed in 66.7% of infected patients from this group, but in only 20% of infected patients from group 1. Incidence of bacterial infections was much lower in patients from group 3 than in those from group 2 (13.3% vs. 52.9%; P < .001). Eight patients from group 2 (23.5%) and 4 patients from group 3 (13.3%) died during the first four weeks (P-not significant). Septic shock was the cause of death in 3 patients from group 2 and in only 1 patient from group 3. The cost of antibiotic therapy, including antibiotic prophylaxis in group 3, was $208 +/- $63 per patient in group 2 and $167 +/- $42 per patient in group 3 (P < .05). We conclude that (1) patients with a Child-Pugh's class C and/or a rebleeding are a subgroup of cirrhotic patients with a high risk of infection after gastrointestinal hemorrhage and that (2) in these patients, a prophylactic treatment with systemic antibiotics is very effective in preventing bacterial infections. (Hepatology 1996 Oct;24(4):802-6)
Atlas typischer Röntgenbilder vom normalen Menischen ausgewählt und erklärt nach chirurgisch-praktischen Gesichtspunkten, mit Berücksichtigung der Varietäten und Fehlerquellen, sowie der Aufnahmetechnik.
Journal: JAMA (1923)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Mercury intoxication simulating amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: C. R. Adams
Journal: JAMA (1983)

A 54-year-old man had a syndrome resembling amyotrophic lateral sclerosis after a brief but intense exposure to elemental mercury. The syndrome resolved as his urinary mercury levels fell. Mercury toxicity must be considered not only in individuals with recent anterior horn-cell dysfunction but also with otherwise unexplained peripheral neuropathy, tremor, ataxia, and a gamut of psychiatric symptoms including confusion and depression. (<i>JAMA</i>1983;250:642-643)
The Health Resorts of Europe.
Journal: JAMA (1893)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Resistant bacteria in livestock and man.
Journal: BMJ (1968)

Prognosis of Lung Cancer: Result of study in South London suggests that mass x-ray at six- monthly intervals would increase number of four-year survivors, especially in those over 55 who smoke more than 15 cigarettes a day (p.715).Leader at p. 710.Kidney Stones: Acquired type of defective renal acidification may be caused by chronic pyelonephritis, provoking formation of stones which persist in the alkaline urine and perpetuate the infection (p. 721); Idiopathic hypercalciuria giving rise to calcium stones may be detected by simple calcium-load test.The high concen- tration is probably due to gastrointestinal hyper- absorption (p.729).Leader at p. 711.Choroideremia: Female with recessive sex- linked condition which usually shows in its overt, severe form in the male only (p.732).Antibiotics and Bronchitis: Comparative trial of efficiency in purulent exacerbations showed penicillin plus streptomycin to be superior to other drugs (p.735).Chorea and M.S.: Three patients with multiple sclerosis developed involuntary movements which remitted later (p. 738).Treating Angina: Double-blind trial of vera- pamil in 20 patients did not show any significant relief of angina (p.740).Transferable Drug Resistance: Fifteen infants in Dublin hospital with E. coli showing trans- ferable drug resistance (p.741).Leader on antibiotic treatment of livestock (this page).Cytomegalovirus: Inclusion-body disease asso- ciated with acquired autoimmune haemolytic anaemia (p. 743).Metabolic Disorders: Simple urine tests to detect inborn errors of metabolism (p. 745).Puerperal Psychosis: Experience in unit where babies are admitted with their mothers indicates this to have good effect in treatment (p. 755).
Reprints, Whence They Come and Whither They Should Go.
Journal: JAMA (2002)

of the vertebral column.He had temporary total paralysis of the right arm, which gradually cleared up.There was some hemoptysis and slight dysphagia for a few days.Ever since the injury the sight in the right eye had been less acute than in the left, and he had noticed that he did-not sweat on the right side of the face, scalp, neck or upper limb.As regards the present condition, there were slight weaknesses of the small muscles of the right hand, and an area of slight analgesia along the inner border of the upper arm, forearm and hand, including one and a half fingers, with a small patch in the axilla.The right pupil was smaller than the left, and did not dilate when shaded.Both pupils reacted briskly to light and on converg¬ ence.The cilio-spinal reflex was absent on the right side.The right palpebrai fissure was narrower than the left, and the right eye was slightly sunken.He did not sweat on the right side of the face, scalp, neck, upper part of the thorax, or upper extremity.This area of anidrosis was bounded by the middle line and extended down as far as the third rib in front and posteriorly as far as the middle of the scapula.The lesion was apparently one of the first dorsal nerve-root on the right side, involving the cervical sympathetic.The Increase of Cancer.It is an observation in all civilized countries that cancer has
Tuberculous Pericarditis
Authors: Daniel Faria, Antonio Freitas
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2018)

Images in Clinical MedicineA 29-year-old woman presented to the emergency department with a 1-month history of worsening fatigue and weakness and a 2-week history of fever and dyspnea.She had emigrated from Angola 9 years before presentation.The temperature was 39.5°C, blood pressure 80/50 mm Hg, heart rate 135 beats per minute, and respiratory rate 32 breaths per minute.On examination, the patient's neck veins were distended, and heart sounds were muffled.An electrocardiogram showed sinus tachycardia and low-voltage complexes in the limb and precordial leads.Transthoracic echocardiography revealed a large pericardial effusion with evidence of tamponade (Panel A [arrow] and Video 1).The effusion contained extensive intrapericardial fibrin strands with a wormlike appearance (Panel B and Video 2).Pericardiocentesis was performed, and hemodynamic stability was achieved after direct aspiration of 1400 ml of purulent fluid; a pericardial drain was placed.The adenosine deaminase level in the pericardial fluid was 100 U per liter (reference range, 0 to 9), and examination of the pericardial fluid revealed acid-fast bacilli.A diagnosis of tuberculous pericarditis was made.Testing for human immunodeficiency virus was positive.The patient was treated with isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol for 2 months, followed by rifampin and isoniazid for an additional 4 months along with prednisolone for 6 weeks for prevention of constrictive pericarditis.Antiretroviral therapy was also initiated.The fevers resolved within the first week of treatment.
The AMA Specialty Journals: Everyone, Including Grunts, Squeals Unfair
Authors: William C. Caccamise
Journal: JAMA (1990)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The editorial<sup>1</sup>concerning the distribution and readership of AMA specialty journals deserves comment. The statement "they [the most widely read medical publications] were tabloids and specialty magazines that are produced strictly for profit and contribute little or nothing to the body of medical knowledge" is open to question. In the field of ophthalmology, both the<i>Ophthalmology Times and Ocular Surgery News</i>are appreciated sources of up-to-date information on a variety of subjects pertinent to the practice of that specialty. It is assumed that the readers of these publications are capable of separating the wheat from the chaff. Peer-reviewed journals deserve a similar cautious approach on the part of the reader. It has been well publicized that articles have appeared in worthy scientific journals that were based on scientific fraud. Because of both circulation and readership problems, it is now proposed to "add the balance of virtually
Course Location
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
New insights into the risk of breast cancer in childhood cancer survivors treated with chest radiation: A report from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study (CCSS) and the Women's Environmental Cancer and Radiation Epidemiology(WECARE) Study.
Authors: Chaya S. Moskowitz, Joanne F. Chou, Suzanne L. Wolden, Jonine L. Bernstein, Jyoti Malhotra, Danielle Novetsky Friedman, Nidha Z. Mubdi, Tara O. Henderson, Wendy M. Leisenring, Marilyn Stovall, Sue Hammond, John D. Boice, Melissa M. Hudson, Lisa Diller, Smita Bhatia, Joseph Philip Neglia, Colin B. Begg, Leslie L. Robison, Kevin C. Oeffinger
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

CRA9513 The full, final text of this abstract will be available at abstract.asco.org at 12:01 AM (EDT) on Monday, June 4, 2012, and in the Annual Meeting Proceedings online supplement to the June 20, 2012, issue of Journal of Clinical Oncology. Onsite at the Meeting, this abstract will be printed in the Monday edition of ASCO Daily News.
Cadmium Burden of Men and Women Who Report Regular Consumption of Confectionery Sunflower Kernels Containing a Natural Abundance of Cadmium
Authors: Philip G. Reeves, Richard A. Vanderpool
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1997)

Because of inherent genetic and physiological characteristics, the natural concentration of cadmium in the kernels of sunflowers grown in uncontaminated soils of the northern Great Plains region of the United States is higher than in most other grains. We tested the hypothesis that a habitual consumption of sunflower kernels will increase the body burden and health effects of cadmium in humans. Sixty-six men and women who reported consuming various amounts of sunflower kernels were recruited and divided by sex and kernel consumption: those who consumed less than or equal to 1 ounce(oz)/week and those who consumed more than 1 oz/week. Cadmium intake was assessed by calculation from 7-day food diaries, cadmium burden by whole blood cadmium, red blood cell (RBC) cadmium and urine cadmium concentrations, and health effects by urinary excretion of N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) activity and beta2-microglobulin (beta2MG). The results showed that high intakes of sunflower kernels (>1 oz/day) significantly increased the intake of cadmium (p<0.004). However, the amount of cadmium in whole blood or RBCs was not affected by cadmium intake. Urinary excretion of cadmium also was not affected by cadmium intake. Urine NAG activity and the amount of urinary beta2MG were significantly elevated in the urine of high sunflower kernel consumers when the values were expressed on a urine volume basis (p<0.03), but not when expressed on a creatinine basis (p>0.05). Because normal ranges for the excretion of these protein markers have not been established, it was not possible to determine if these elevated values were meaningful. However, given the knowledge that habitual consumption of sunflower kernels with natural cadmium concentrations higher than most other food products will increase the average intake of dietary cadmium, the potential exists for an increased body burden of cadmium. Controlled feeding studies in humans should be pursued in order to determine if the body burden does indeed increase and, if so, is it a cause for concern.
P15.11 * THE COURSE OF QOL AND NEUROCOGNITION IN NEWLY DIAGNOSED PATIENTS WITH GBM
Authors: B. Flechl, C. Sax, M. Ackerl, J. Hainfellner, G. Widhalm, K. Dieckmann, A. Woehrer, M. Preusser, C. Marosi
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

BACKGROUND: The importance of QOL and neurocognitive functions in patients with GBM is meanwhile beyond controversy. We followed newly diagnosed patients with GBM treated according to actual standard therapy during their course of disease by additionally evaluating their QOL and cognitive functions. METHODS: We included 42 consecutive patients with newly diagnosed GBM. To assess QOL we used the EORTC QLQ C30 and BN20 questionnaire. Neurocognition was measured with the NeuroCog FX. The evaluations were done 6 times every three months, beginning at the initiation of radiotherapy. RESULTS: 21/42 patients were able to do three assessments within 7 months. Afterwards, condition deterioration led to drop outs. The cognitive summary scale showed moderate impairment but remained stable. Patients with left-sided tumors showed significant lower scores in the subscale verbal fluency than patients with right-sided tumors during 4 months. The global health score of QOL decreased 20 points after the fifth evaluation whereas perceived fatigue symptoms were already increased one assessment before. Furthermore the patientś financial difficulties due to the disease increased strongly 7 months after diagnosis and were mentioned more frequently in younger patients and in patients with lower education levels. CONCLUSION: QOL and cognitive long-term assessments are feasible in patients with GBM before symptomatic progression occurs. Our study shows maintenance of QOL and cognitive summary scales before tumor progression and highlights subgroups according to tumor location and socioeconomic factors.
Smoking, smoking cessation, and major depression
Authors: A. H. Glassman
Journal: JAMA (1990)

A relationship between cigarette smoking and major depressive disorder was suggested in previous work involving nonrandomly selected samples. We conducted a test of this association, employing population-based data (n = 3213) collected between 1980 and 1983 in the St Louis Epidemiologic Catchment Area Survey of the National Institute of Mental Health. A history of regular smoking was observed more frequently among individuals who had experienced major depressive disorder at some time in their lives than among individuals who had never experienced major depression or among individuals with no psychiatric diagnosis. Smokers with major depression were also less successful at their attempts to quit than were either of the comparison groups. Gender differences in rates of smoking and of smoking cessation observed in the larger population were not evident among the depressed group. Furthermore, the association between cigarette smoking and major depression was not ubiquitous across all psychiatric diagnoses. Other data are cited indicating that when individuals with a history of depression stop smoking, depressive symptoms and, in some cases, serious major depression may ensue. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1990;264:1546-1549)
Incorrect Medium
Journal: JAMA (1985)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Glucose and amylase in pleural effusions
Authors: R. W. Light
Journal: JAMA (1973)

Pleural fluid glucose and amylase levels were measured in a prospective study of 176 effusions. Contrary to some previous opinions, we found that in the great majority of tuberculous pleural fluids the glucose concentration was high (mean, 81.7 mg/100 ml) rather than low. Glucose levels in most but not all neoplastic fluids was also high (less than 60 mg/100 ml in only six of 43). Some effusions associated with pneumonia had glucose levels of more than 60 mg/100 ml even though bacterial cultures were positive. The level of pleural fluid amylase was high ( &gt; 160 units/100 ml) in patients with pancreatitis and with pancreatic tumor; and a high amylase level was the first indication of pancreatic disease in two cases. Etiologic diagnosis on the basis of chemical analysis of pleural fluid without other supporting evidence is unreliable.