tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Factors influencing publication of research results. Follow-up of applications submitted to two institutional review boards
Authors: K. Dickersin
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To investigate factors associated with the publication of research findings, in particular, the association between "significant" results and publication. <h3>Design.</h3> —Follow-up study. <h3>Setting.</h3> —Studies approved in 1980 or prior to 1980 by the two institutional review boards that serve The Johns Hopkins Health Institutions—one that serves the School of Medicine and Hospital and the other that serves the School of Hygiene and Public Health. <h3>Population.</h3> —A total of 737 studies were followed up. <h3>Results.</h3> —Of the studies for which analyses had been reported as having been performed at the time of interview, 81% from the School of Medicine and Hospital and 66% from the School of Hygiene and Public Health had been published. Publication was not associated with sample size, presence of a comparison group, or type of study (eg, observational study vs clinical trial). External funding and multiple data collection sites were positively associated with publication. There was evidence of publication bias in that for both institutional review boards there was an association between results reported to be significant and publication (adjusted odds ratio, 2.54; 95% confidence interval, 1.63 to 3.94). Contrary to popular opinion, publication bias originates primarily with investigators, not journal editors: only six of the 124 studies not published were reported to have been rejected for publication. <h3>Conclusion.</h3> —There is a statistically significant association between significant results and publication. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1992;267:374-378)
THE PROPER MATERIAL FOR MEDICAL SOCIETIES.
Journal: JAMA (1883)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Current Trends: Deaths from Oral Cavity and Pharyngeal Cancer—United States, 1987
Journal: JAMA (1990)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Clinical Connections
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2019)

Evidence of distinct autoimmune phenotypes in psoriasis, such as autoantibody production, is controversial.In some studies, anti-double-stranded DNA (anti-dsDNA) and antithyroid microsomal antibodies were associated with various types of psoriasis, but in other studies, anti-dsDNA, anti-Sm, and anti-nuclear RNP were not detectable.In this context, Yuan et al constructed an autoantigen array and screened for serum autoantibodies in patients with psoriasis and patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA).The results showed that several serum autoantibodies, in particular, IgG autoantibodies directed against 2 novel antigens, LL-37 and ADAMTS-L5, were increased in psoriasis patients compared to healthy controls.Furthermore, the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) was found to be correlated with serum levels of IgG autoantibodies against LL-37 and ADAMTS-L5.Both autoantibodies reflected disease progression in longitudinally collected samples from psoriasis patients.Interestingly, IgG anti-LL-37 and anti-ADAMTS-L5 were elevated in psoriasis patients with PsA compared to those without PsA, suggesting that these autoantigens may be involved in the pathogenesis of PsA.Collectively, these findings warrant further exploration of these autoantibodies as biomarkers or therapeutic targets. KEY POINTS• Autoantigen array screening indicated that there is a cluster of autoantibodies up-regulated in psoriasis, including IgG anti-LL-37 and anti-ADAMTS-L5.• Several IgG autoantibodies, such as anti-LL-37 and anti-ADAMTS-L5, are reflective of psoriasis disease activity as indicated by the PASI.• IgG anti-LL-37 and anti-ADAMTS-L5 also are elevated in PsA patients, compared to psoriasis patients without PsA.
Toxicology of Octabromobiphenyl and Decabromodiphenyl Oxide
Authors: J. M. Norris, R. J. Kociba, B. A. Schwetz, J. Q. Rose, C. G. Humiston, G. L. Jewett, P. J. Gehring, J. B. Mailhes
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1975)

Decabromodiphenyl oxide (DBDPO) and octabromobiphenyl (OBBP) perform well as fire-retardant additives for thermoplastics. Both compounds have low acute oral toxicity and low skin absorption toxicity. They are neither primary skin irritants or skin sensitizers and are only mildly irritating to the eyes. A 30-day dietary feeding study in rats established 8 mg DBDPO/kg-day as an unequivocal no-effect level and 80 mg/kg-day as a marginal effect level. A no-effect level was not established for OBBP in a comparative study. A 2-yr rat study providing 0.1 mg DBDPO/kg-day in the diet revealed the bromine concentration reached a plateau in the liver within 30 days, while the concentration in adipose tissue slowly increased. A comparable OBBP study revealed bromine concentration in the liver and adipose tissue increased steadily and rapidly with no attainment of a plateau during 180 days of the study. Neither compound produced an accumulation of bromine in other tissues. After administration of 14C DBDPO, all 14C activity was eliminated via the feces within 2 days. After administration of 14C OBBP, 62% was eliminated with a half-life of less than 24 hr; the half-life for the remainder was greater than 16 days. In a teratology study, 10, 100, or 1000 mg DBDPO/kg-day had no effect in rats. Reproductive capacity of rats was not effected at 3, 30, or 100 mg DBDPO/kg-day. No effects were observed on cytogenetic examination of bone marrow cells of parents and weanlings from the reproduction study.
Prostatosis
Authors: Jerome R. Dorkin
Journal: JAMA (1973)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> My comment to the article by Dr. Edwin M. Meares, Jr. entitled "Bacterial Prostatitis vs 'Prostatosis': A Clinical and Bacteriological Study" (224:1372, 1973) does not detract from the ideas presented by him but echoes a comment made several years ago by Dr. Jean Oliver. We physicians tend to use a lot of words, many of which we make up as we go along. Unfortunately, our urge to invent sometimes escapes the limits of proper etymology. Dr. Meares has proposed the term "prostatosis." The suffix "osis" means "full of" and is used properly in such words as hemochromatosis, polyposis, and sarcoidosis. Dr. Oliver pointed out the incongruity of the term "nephrosis," which is so widely used today. Since I do not believe Dr. Meares is suggesting that the patient is "full of prostate," and so that we may prevent the adoption of another awkward and useless word, it
Leptin surge precedes onset of autoimmune encephalomyelitis and correlates with development of pathogenic T cell responses
Authors: Veronica Sanna, Antonio Di Giacomo, Antonio La Cava, Robert I. Lechler, Silvia Fontana, Serafino Zappacosta, Giuseppe Matarese
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2003)

In the work presented here, we explored the influence of leptin on the kinetics of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) onset, in the EAE-associated inflammatory anorexia, and in the development of pathogenic T cell responses. We found that the expression of serum leptin increased before the clinical onset of EAE in disease-susceptible C57BL/6J (H-2b) and SJL/J (H-2s) strains of mice, which are models of chronic-progressive and relapsing-remitting EAE, respectively. This increase in serum leptin correlated with disease susceptibility, reduction in food intake, and decrease in body weight. Indeed, acute starvation, which is able to prevent the increase in serum leptin, delayed disease onset and attenuated clinical symptoms by inducing a T helper 2 cytokine switch. Furthermore, immunohistochemical analysis revealed a parallel in situ production of leptin in inflammatory infiltrates and in neurons only during the acute/active phase of both chronic-progressive and relapsing-remitting EAE. We also found that leptin secretion by activated T cells sustained their proliferation in an autocrine loop, since antileptin receptor antibodies were able to inhibit the proliferative response of autoreactive T cells in vitro. Given that leptin appears to regulate EAE susceptibility, inflammatory anorexia, and pathogenic T-cell immune function, we postulate that it may offer a potential target in the treatment of multiple sclerosis.
CREDULITY AND MEDICINE.
Journal: JAMA (1902)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Estrogen Receptor-α as a Drug Target Candidate for Preventing Lung Inflammation
Authors: Elisabetta Vegeto, Salvatore Cuzzocrea, Concetta Crisafulli, Emanuela Mazzon, Angelo Sala, Andreè Krust, Adriana Maggi
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (2009)

Accumulating evidence shows that estrogens are protective factors in inflammatory lung diseases and are related with the gender-related incidence of these pathologies. The aim of this study was to identify which estrogen receptor (ER), ER-α and/or ERβ, mediates hormone antiinflammatory effects in lung and how gender or aging modify this effect. Acute lung inflammation in wild type, ERα or ERβ knockout animals was induced by pleural injection of carrageenan; female mice were used and sham operated, ovariectomized, or ovariectomized and treated with 17β-estradiol (E2) before carrageenan. Our data show that ERα, and not ERβ, mediates E2-induced reduction of the inflammatory response. By real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry assays, we demonstrate ERα expression in the resident and migrating inflammatory cells of the lung, in which ERβ could not be detected. In these cells, E2-mediated reduction in the expression of inflammatory mediators was also due to ERα. In parallel, we observed that female mice were more prone to inflammation as compared with males, suggesting a gender-related difference in lung susceptibility to inflammatory stimuli, whereas the effect of E2 was similar in the two sexes. Interestingly, aging results in a strong increase in the inflammatory response in both sexes and in the disruption E2/ERα signaling pathway. In conclusion, our data reveal that E2 is able to regulate lung inflammation in a gender-unrelated, age-restricted manner. The specific involvement of ERα in hormone action opens new ways to identify drug targets that limit the inflammatory component of lung pathologies.
Biliary malignancies in primary sclerosing cholangitis: Timing for liver transplantation
Authors: B Nashan
Journal: Hepatology (1996)

Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a chronic inflammatory disease associated in 10% to 36% of those with hepatobiliary malignancies, which are, in the majority of cases, not known prior to transplantation. Diagnosis of carcinomas in a PSC setting at an early stage has not yet been achieved, because there are no differences in the age of patients or clinical course, particularly with regard to the time between diagnosis of PSC and detection of carcinomas. To assess optimal timing for transplantation in patients with PSC, we applied the Mayo survival model to 48 patients receiving transplants for that disease in our center between 1972 and 1994. Of these patients, 10 had a biliary malignancy, which was incidental in 9. According to the Mayo model, low-, moderate-, and high-risk groups of patients could be formed. The actuarial patient survivals at 1 and 7 years were 100% and 100% (low risk), 68.6% and 68.6% (moderate risk), and 54.6% and 46.8% (high risk), respectively. Patients with a biliary malignancy had a 30% survival at 1 year; none survived 6 years. Local recurrence of the tumor was found in 3 patients, 2 of them with low tumor stages at the time of transplantation. Analysis of the Mayo Model risk scores demonstrated a marked increase in the incidence of biliary malignancies at a score above 4.4. All patients with tumors were found to have a score above 4. Moreover, the prevalence rate rose from 14.3% in the low-risk group to 33.3% in the moderate-risk group. There was no difference in the clinical courses at 6 to 12 months prior to transplantation; in particular, the bilirubin levels (PSC alone, 250 ± 230 mumol/L; PSC with carcinoma, 288 ± 182 mumol/L) did not differ significantly (P > .05) between both patient groups. Because the outcome after transplantation is poor even in patients with low-grade malignancies, early timing of transplantation in patients with PSC is suggested to prevent formation of biliary malignancies. Therefore, regular scoring of patients with the Mayo Model risk score is suggested, and transplantation should be taken into consideration at scores above 4.
The relationship between pathologic nodal disease and residual tumor viability (RV) in patients with loco-regionally advanced (LRA) adenocarcinoma (ACA) of the esophagus and gastro-esophageal junction (E/GEJ) receiving induction chemotherapy, surgery, and post-operative chemo-radiotherapy (CRT).
Authors: Michael J. McNamara, Davendra Sohal, Sudish C. Murthy, Lisa A. Rybicki, Kevin L. Stephans, John Greskovich, Gregory M.M. Videtic, Siva Raja, Cristina P. Rodriguez, Denise I. Ives, Joanna Bodmann, David J. Adelstein
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

e15085 Background: A complete pathologic response to induction CRT has been identified as a favorable prognostic factor for patients with LRA ACA of the E/GEJ. Less is known, however, about the impact of pathologic regression after induction chemotherapy. Methods: Between 2/08 and 1/12, 60 evaluable patients with ACA of the E/GEJ enrolled in a phase II trial of induction chemotherapy, surgery, and post-operative CRT. Eligibility required a clinical stage of T3 or N1 or M1a (AJCC 6th). Induction chemotherapy with epirubicin 50mg/m2 d1, oxaliplatin 130mg/m2 d1, and fluorouracil 200mg/m2/day continuous infusion for 3 weeks, was given every 21 days for 3 courses and was followed by surgical resection. Adjuvant CRT consisted of 50-55Gy @ 1.8-2.0 Gy/d and 2 courses of cisplatin (20mg/m2/d) and fluorouracil (1000mg/m2/d) over 4 days during weeks 1 and 4 of radiotherapy. RV was defined as the amount of remaining tumor in relation to acellular mucin pools and scarring. Results: Of the 60 evaluable patients, 54 completed induction therapy and underwent curative intent surgery. The Kaplan-Meier (KM) projected 3 year OS for patients with pathologic N0 (n = 20), N1 (n = 12), N2 (n = 13), and N3 (n = 9) disease is 73%, 57%, 35%, and 0% respectively (p < 0.001). The KM projected 3 year OS of patients with low (0-25%, n = 19), intermediate (26-75%, n = 26), and high ( > 75%, n = 9) RV was 67%, 42%, and 17% respectively (p = 0.004). On multivariable analysis, both the pN descriptor and RV were independently prognostic for OS. In patients with less nodal dissemination (N0/N1), RV was prognostic for OS [3yr OS 85% (0-25% viable) v 51% ( > 25% viable), p = 0.028]. Outcomes were poor, however, for patients with advanced nodal disease (N2/N3) regardless of RV [3yr OS 20% (0-25% viable) v 21% ( > 25% viable), p = 0.55]. Conclusions: RV and the pN descriptor after induction chemotherapy are independent pathologic prognostic factors for OS in patients with LRA ACA of the E/GEJ. Patients with extensive nodal disease, however, have poor outcomes irrespective of viability. Clinical trial information: NCT00601705.
Vitamins for Health
Journal: JAMA (1942)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Medical apartheid. An American perspective
Authors: D. D. Brooks
Journal: JAMA (1991)

The suppressive policies and practices of apartheid in South Africa have directly contributed to preventable morbidity and mortality in black Africans. Due to socioeconomic segregation ("functional apartheid"), America's citizens of color also suffer excess death and disability. Health status measurements in the United States confirm the failure of the current fragmented health care system to recognize or respond to the unmet need or the barriers that exist. Predictably, the changes needed to improve the health status of black South Africans are similar to those that are necessary to remedy the situation in the United States. Community-Oriented Primary Care is a health service provision model that holds promise as a comprehensive community-based strategy that can begin to address some of the shortcomings of the current medical care systems of both nations. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1991;266:2746-2749)
Historical Fiction
Authors: Mary Jane Esber
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Alone and With Medication for Persistent Insomnia—Reply
Authors: Charles M. Morin
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal