tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Impact of Inspired Gas Mixtures on Preoperative Infants With Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome During Controlled Ventilation
Authors: Sarah Tabbutt, Chandra Ramamoorthy, Lisa M. Montenegro, Suzanne M. Durning, C. Dean Kurth, James M. Steven, Rodolfo I. Godinez, Thomas L. Spray, Gil Wernovsky, Susan C. Nicolson
Journal: Circulation (2001)

Background Management strategies for preoperative infants with hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) include increased inspired nitrogen (hypoxia) and increased inspired carbon dioxide (hypercarbia). There are no studies directly comparing these 2 therapies in humans. This study compares the impact of hypoxia versus hypercarbia on oxygen delivery, under conditions of fixed minute ventilation. Methods and Results Ten anesthetized and paralyzed preoperative infants with HLHS were evaluated in a prospective, randomized, crossover trial comparing hypoxia (17% F io 2 ) with hypercarbia (2.7% F ico 2 ). Each patient was treated in a random order (10 minutes per condition) with a recovery period (15 to 20 minutes) in room air. Arterial (Sa o 2 ) and superior vena caval (Sv o 2 ) co-oximetry and cerebral oxygen saturation (Sc o 2 ) measurements were made at the end of each condition and recovery period. Sc o 2 was measured by near infrared spectroscopy. Hypoxia significantly decreased both Sa o 2 (−5.2±1.1%, P =0.0014) and Sv o 2 (−5.6±1.7%, P =0.009) compared with baseline, but arteriovenous oxygen saturation (AV o 2 ) difference (Sa o 2 −Sv o 2 ) and Sc o 2 remained unchanged. Hypercarbia decreased Sa o 2 (−2.6±0.6%, P =0.002) compared with baseline but increased both Sc o 2 (9.6±1.8%, P =0.0001) and Sv o 2 (6±2.2%, P =0.022) and narrowed the AV o 2 difference (−8.5±2.3%, P =0.005). Both hypoxia and hypercarbia decreased the balance between pulmonary and systemic blood flow (Qp:Qs) compared with baseline. Conclusions In preoperative infants with HLHS, under conditions of anesthesia and paralysis, although Qp:Qs falls in both conditions, oxygen delivery is unchanged during hypoxia and increased during hypercarbia. These data cannot differentiate cerebral from systemic oxygen delivery.
Die Therapie des Wochenbettfiebers.
Journal: JAMA (1924)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Clinical Screening of Epipodophyllotoxin VM26 in Malignant Lymphomas and Solid Tumours
Journal: BMJ (1972)

Epipodophyllotoxin (VM 26; 4'-demethyl-epipodophyllotoxin-beta-D-thenylidene glucoside) has been proved, in clinical screening, to be able to induce apparently complete remissions and pronounced though incomplete regressions in Hodgkin's disease, reticulosarcoma, and bladder cancer, as well as incomplete regressions in lymphosarcoma. Apparently complete regressions of malignant pleural effusions have been obtained after giving this drug systemically. It has a notable toxic action on the bone marrow.
Tiazofurin‐induced autosecretion of IL‐6 and hemoglobin production in K562 human leukemia cells
Authors: C.J. Talley, E.A. Turner, F.M. Hatcher, P.M. Aguinaga, P. Chakrabarti
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1997)

Previous reports have established the synthesis of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-6 receptors (IL-6R) in several human leukemia cells and found that IL-6 and the IL-6R could be expressed in cell lines with erythroid/megakaryocytic features. IL-6 is a pleiotropic cytokine involved in megakaryocytic differentiation. The finding that endogenous IL-6 levels in serum increased after 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) treatment suggests that IL-6 may play some role in the recovery of hematopoietic systems. This observation may assist the understanding of erythroid regeneration caused by antineoplastic agents such as tiazofurin. Tiazofurin inhibits the activity of IMP dehydrogenase. Its exposure to K562 cells at 10 μM tiazofurin stimulates erythroid differentiation. Stimulation of cells with tiazofurin gave a significant increase in IL-6 production. Its levels were quadrupled after 2 days of culture. Tiazofurin also caused a trivial reduction in the percentage of cells with the IL-6R. This evidence implies that tiazofurin produced no significant effect on the IL-6R. Tiazofurin also increased the percentage of benzidine-positive cells representing hemoglobin production, confirmed by GpA expression. We concluded that IL-6 is rate limiting in regard to hemoglobin production and that IL-3 could be used for clinical benefit to stimulate erythropoiesis and synergize with tiazofurin. Am. J. Hematol. 54:301–305, 1997. © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Survival Models for Familial Aggregation of Cancer
Authors: Wendy Mack, Bryan Langholz, Duncan C. Thomas
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1990)

It has recently been shown that the relative risks of the order of 2 to 4 that are frequently found for cancer among relatives of affected cases are unlikely to be explainable by shared environmental risk factors. Classical methods of epidemiological analysis are not well suited to such analysis because they assume that the outcomes of each individual are independent. Classical methods of genetic analysis, on the other hand, are limited in their handling of environmental factors and variable ages of onset. The recent development of random effects models for survival analysis, however, appears to bridge this gap. Specifically, a proportional hazards model is postulated for the effects of measured covariates and of one or more components of frailty that are unmeasured but assumed to have some common distribution and known covariance structure within each family. From these assumptions, the posterior expectation of the hazard for each individual can be derived, given the covariate value and the observed and expected disease history of the family. These are then treated as known in a standard partial likelihood analysis; this is essentially a form of expectation-maximization algorithm. However, this does not provide a valid estimate of the covariance matrix because it fails to take account of the variability in the estimates of the frailties; an alternative approach using the imputation-posterior algorithm is suggested. This paper describes extensions of this approach to multivariate frailty distributions, modifications for application to pedigree and case-control studies, some simulation results, and applications to studies of breast cancer in twins and of lung cancer in relation to family smoking habits.
Cutaneous leishmaniasis encountered in Philadelphia
Authors: G. W. Hambrick
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Four cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis, one due to<i>Leishmania braziliensis</i>, acquired in Guatemala, and three due to L tropica, probably acquired in Israel. In three of the patients with oriental sore, the majority of lesions were on the legs, and one of varying size and development on the hand. All lesions resolved within one year without therapy. In the American cutaneous case the picture was that of chiclero ulcer. All four patients reacted to a common antigen prepared from L<i>tropica</i>, indicating cross reactivity. Gradual transition from an acute inflammatory process with many Leishman-Donovan organisms to a granulomatous lesion with few or no organisms occurred. Physicians should advise prophylactic use of repellents and insecticides for patients traveling to endemic areas. In all likelihood this would decrease the probability of acquiring this insect-borne disease.
Colorectal cancer: Improving screening in a rural clinic.
Authors: Thuy Thanh Thi Le, Helen Johnson-wall
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2019)

e13054 Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States. Between 2012-2016, the age adjusted mortality rate was 18-25 per 100,000 persons in Robeson County, North Carolina. During this timeframe, it is estimated that if all people aged 50 and older in NC were routinely screened, 40 out of 100 deaths from late stage CRC can be prevented. A chart review in a rural primary care clinic identified patients not being appropriately screened for targeted intervention. Methods: Our retrospective chart review at Lumberton Medical Clinic, a rural outpatient Internal Medicine Clinic, reviewed 1622 records from adults 50-75 years old during the timeframe September 2017 through August 2018. Patients with history of CRC or status-post colectomy for other reasons were excluded from this study. Patient records were assessed for compliance with USPTF CRC screening guidelines. USPTF recommends adults aged 50 to 75 years receive screening as follows: 1) Fecal occult blood testing (FOBT) annually 2) Flexible sigmoidoscopy every 5 years 3) Colonoscopy every 10 years OR 4) Combined FOBT (every 3 years) plus flexible sigmoidoscopy (every 5 years). Results: The review showed that during the timeframe studied, 56% of patients received appropriate screening, 44% were found with no documentation of screening, and 17% were never offered screening or informed about current guidelines. Following data analysis, intervention to increase screening rates has been initiated. This involves provider education, posters in clinic, and individualized letters mailed to patients found deficient during the study. The success of this direct patient outreach effort will be measured over six months. Conclusions: The mortality rate from CRC cancer is higher in Robeson County compared to the NC state rate. Additionally, 40% of deaths from late-stage CRC may be prevented by doing a routine screening. It is the responsibility of providers to emphasize the importance of proper screening. This retrospective review found that a large percentage (44%) of adults are not being adequately screened in our rural clinic. Direct outreach is underway to increase compliance rates in this high-risk population served by our rural clinic.
Prevention Strategies for Contrast-Induced Nephropathy
Authors: Eric B. Bass, Rathan M. Subramaniam
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2016)

Letters18 October 2016Prevention Strategies for Contrast-Induced NephropathyEric B. Bass, MD, MPH and Rathan M. Subramaniam, MD, PhD, MPHEric B. Bass, MD, MPHFrom Evidence-based Practice Center, Johns Hopkins University, and Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.Search for more papers by this author and Rathan M. Subramaniam, MD, PhD, MPHFrom Evidence-based Practice Center, Johns Hopkins University, and Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/L16-0278 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:We appreciate Dr. Cain and Ms. Goldstone's concern about the possibility of falsely low serum creatinine measurements in the presence of NAC when the Trinder and Trinder-like reaction assays are used. When we reviewed Genzen and associates' study (1), we found that low doses of NAC did not substantially affect the serum creatinine level. Thus, we see no reason to change our conclusion that low strength of evidence indicates that low-dose NAC plus intravenous saline compared with intravenous saline had a clinically important benefit.The concern then mainly applies to studies using high doses of NAC. Many of ...Reference1. Genzen JR, Hunsaker JJ, Nelson LS, Faine BA, Krasowski MD. N-acetylcysteine interference of Trinder-based assays. Clin Biochem. 2016;49:100-4. [PMID: 26500003] doi:10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2015.10.005 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Evidence-based Practice Center, Johns Hopkins University, and Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.Disclosures: Disclosures can be viewed at www.acponline.org/authors/icmje/ConflictOfInterestForms.do?msNum=M15-1456. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoEffectiveness of Prevention Strategies for Contrast-Induced Nephropathy Rathan M. Subramaniam , Catalina Suarez-Cuervo , Renee F. Wilson , Sharon Turban , Allen Zhang , Cheryl Sherrod , Jonathan Aboagye , John Eng , Michael J. Choi , Susan Hutfless , and Eric B. Bass Prevention Strategies for Contrast-Induced Nephropathy James Cain and Jamie Goldstone Metrics Cited byNursing diagnoses of patients with kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis: a cross-sectional studyRelaxin Attenuates Contrast-Induced Human Proximal Tubular Epithelial Cell Apoptosis by Activation of the PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway In Vitro 18 October 2016Volume 165, Issue 8Page: 601KeywordsCreatinineDisclosure ePublished: 18 October 2016 Issue Published: 18 October 2016 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2016 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Do-Not-Resuscitate Orders
Authors: Donald J. Murphy
Journal: JAMA (1988)

CARDIOPULMONARY resuscitation (CPR) of elderly, chronically ill patients is an important, emotion-laden issue for many administrators, physicians, and nurses working in nursing homes and chronic-care hospitals. Resuscitations in these settings evoke thoughts and images that are not necessarily associated with resuscitations in a younger, healthier population. When an emphysematous nonagenarian lies on the floor, ashen, with a handful of nurses compressing his chest and breathing through his mouth, a sense of futility permeates the room. After each such episode in a long-term-care (LTC) facility, one wonders if indeed this effort is futile. And if it is, why do we do it? Most of the literature on resuscitation focuses on policies and outcomes in acute-care hospitals. However, the dilemmas encountered in LTC institutions are also substantial. Beds in LTC facilities already outnumber acute-care hospital beds in the United States,<sup>1</sup>and the difference is expected to grow as the population ages.
<i>QuickStats:</i> Use of Equipment or Assistance* for Getting Around Among Persons Aged ≥50 Years — National Health Interview Survey, 2014–2015†
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2016)

In 2014-2015, 13.9% of persons aged ≥50 years used equipment or received assistance for getting around. Specifically, 9.6% of persons aged ≥50 years used a cane or walking stick, 5.8% used a walker or Zimmer frame, and 5.3% had assistance from another person. Wheelchairs or scooters were used by 3.5%, crutches by 0.7%, and artificial limbs by 0.6%.
Gallbladder mucin (GBM) and the calcium-binding protein from gallstones (CBP), bind hydrophobically and regulate CaHPO4 precipitation *1. Thorndike Memorial Laboratory, Boston City Hospital, and Boston University School. of Medicine, Boston, MA; Research Service., DVA Lakeside Medical Center; Departments of Medicine and Oral Biology, Northwestern University Medical Schook, Chicago, IL
Journal: Hepatology (1993)
Domestic Violence Against Women
Authors: Martin T. Donohoe
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Dr Abbott and colleagues<sup>1</sup>report that while the lifetime prevalence of domestic violence among women visiting an emergency department is quite high, 54%, the incidence of acute domestic violence, 11.7%, is significantly lower than was found in previous studies. However, the authors' methods of eliciting information on domestic violence may have led to an underestimate of both values. The authors excluded women younger than 18 years; yet rape victimization is highest in 16- through 19-year-olds.<sup>2</sup>Pregnant patients also were excluded; yet the rate of physical abuse, 37% across class, race, and educational lines, is higher during pregnancy.<sup>2</sup>Marital rape and acquaintance rape also were not included in the definition of acute domestic violence. These acts include sex resulting in whole or part from coercion, verbal or physical threats, undesired noncompliance with contraception, or force, and also include both physically nonviolent and physically violent sex.
A framework for reform of the US Health Care Financing and Provision System. The Kansas Employer Coalition on Health, Task Force on long-term solutions
Journal: JAMA (1991)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Probably Abnormal Values
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Exposure Misclassification Bias in Studies of Environmental Tobacco Smoke and Lung Cancer
Authors: Anna H. Wu
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1999)

It is now recognized that exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) in the workplace and other settings outside the home may be equally as important as residential ETS exposure.This review examines the sources of misclassification in the assessment of workplace ETS exposure in questionnaire-based epidemiologic studies.Cogent to this discussion is the role of misclassification of ever smokers as never smokers, which is important in studies of both workplace and residential ETS exposure and lung cancer and is discussed first.The collective evidence from studies that have used direct or indirect approaches to estimate smoker misclassification shows that although some misclassification of ever smokers as never smokers exists in studies of ETS and lung cancer, the potential bias from the misclassification of smokers is unlikely to explain the observed increased risk of lung cancer associated with ETS exposure.
Indwelling Pulmonary Artery Catheters
Authors: Nathan Leon Pace
Journal: JAMA (1975)

To assess the incidence of aseptic thrombotic endocardial vegetations (TEV) after pulmonary artery catheterization with Swan-Ganz catheters we reviewed all autopsy reports for a two-year period in our hospital. In 413 autopsies there were five instances of aseptic TEV: 3 in 88 patients with Swan-Ganz catheters, 1 in 120 patients with central venous catheters, and 1 in the 205 patients without central vascular catheters. The incidence of TEV is significantly greater in patients with Swan-Ganz catheters than in other patients. (<i>JAMA</i>233:893-894, 1975)
PLEASE PASS THE ROACH POISON
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
On boxing and liberty
Authors: R. H. Patterson
Journal: JAMA (1986)

SHOULD a sport as brutal as boxing be allowed to exist in civilized society? Is a ban on boxing an excessive restraint of individual freedom? We perhaps could all agree that there should exist a certain minimal area of personal freedom that must not be violated or else the individual will be so confined that he is unable to develop his individuality even to the slightest degree. This means that a boundary or frontier must be defined between private life and public authority. The debate is on where that line should be drawn.<sup>1</sup> John Stuart Mill wrote in his essay, "On Liberty," that there was only one circumstance under which society was entitled to use physical force, legal penalties, or moral coercion. He wrote: That the only principle that is the sole end for which mankind are warranted, individually or collectively, in interfering with the liberty of action of