tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Editorial: Management of acute asthma.
Journal: BMJ (1975)

Management of acute asthmaAcute asthma is a medical emergency and an indication for admission to hospital.The first sign of the development of an acute attack is that the patient fails to obtain relief from his or her usual treatment.All asthmatic patients should understand that if their condition is deteriorating then a change of treatment is needed, and they should therefore have ready access to their doctor or to a unit with a special interest in this disease.Unfortunately the gravity of a worsening attack of asthma is not sufficiently recognised by patients, their relatives, and even their doctors.In the epidemic of asthma deaths in the late 'sixties the event was sudden and unexpected in almost 80% of patients, most of them young, who died at home or were dead on arrival at hospital.'What, then, indicates that an attack of asthma is entering a severe and dangerous stage ?The ability to continue a conversa- tion is a good clinical guide: mild-frequent pauses between speech; moderate-monosyllabic speech; and severe-too dyspnoeic to speak.2Thoracic overinflation, tachycardia, pulsus paradoxus, and electrocardiographic abnormalities of right ventricular hypertrophy and strain are common, and the patients are usually unresponsive to aerosol adrenergic- stimulant drugs.3While spirometry is helpful in assessment, arterial puncture and measurement of the arterial oxygen
MEDICO-MILITARY STATISTICS.
Journal: JAMA (1898)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Routine Simultaneous Administration of Childhood Vaccines-Reply
Authors: Jon K. Andrus
Journal: JAMA (1990)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> In reference to the MMR II package insert statement by Merck Sharp &amp; Dohme, which does not recommend simultaneous administration of diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis vaccine, oral polio vaccine, and measles vaccine because of insufficient data, we note the date of that publication to be October 1986. We suspect that this statement was based on the recommendations published by the Immunization Practices Advisory Committee (ACIP) prior to 1986,<sup>1</sup>when limited data were available. Since field experience and antibody data suggested there was no increased risk of adverse reactions or impaired antibody responses with simultaneous vaccinations, the ACIP recommended simultaneous vaccination when there was doubt that individuals would return to receive further doses of vaccine. In September 1986, one month prior to the publication of the Merck Sharp &amp; Dohme package insert, the ACIP issued new recommendations based on then-unpublished data obtained from a large, randomized, double-blind trial.
Renal Pathology
Authors: Benjamin H. Spargo
Journal: JAMA (1981)

This book is an example of the recent trend to system-specialization that is developing in pathology, several decades later than in the clinical specialties. Hematopathology and neuropathology have led the way and renal and hepatic pathology are now developing along similar lines. Hospital pathologists must be increasingly prepared to upgrade their efforts in renal pathology to match the requirements of the specialist-clinician. This volume covers the general field of renal pathology in a pattern that reflects the long-time interests of the authors. The 16 chapters begin with a review of the development of the normal kidney and the changes associated with aging. Chapters on renal malformations and cystic disease are followed by detailed accounts of metabolic disorders and stone formation. Additional chapters cover acute renal failure, glomerulonephritis, infections, dysproteinemias, vascular disorders, and tumors. The final section is a discussion of microdissection and immunohistologic techniques. Each chapter provides information on the
Plague
Authors: Edward McSweegan
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Tomorrow's gene therapy suggests plenteous, patent cardiac vessels
Authors: M. F. Goldsmith
Journal: JAMA (1992)

CLEARING a blocked coronary artery, ensuring that it doesn't clog up again, and engendering collateral blood vessels for extra circulatory protection may all become one simple procedure when gene therapy is applied to the human heart. This is one near-future possibility sketched by Jeffrey M. Leiden, MD, PhD, chief of cardiology, University of Chicago (Ill) Pritzker School of Medicine, at the 65th annual scientific sessions of the American Heart Association, in New Orleans, La. <h3>Somatic Gene Therapy</h3> Leiden, who is also professor of medicine and pathology, and his colleagues are among the pioneers of somatic gene therapy for cardiovascular disease. Somatic gene therapy, in which normal copies of genes are introduced into the appropriate cells of an individual to treat a specific disorder by replacing abnormal genes, can be thought of as just a new type of pharmacologic treatment. It carries none of the ethical burden of germ-line gene therapy,
McCormick, Not McCormack.
Journal: JAMA (1975)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Masthead
Authors: Paul Berk, New York, Andres Blei, Herbert Bonkovsky, Adrian Di Bisceglie, Maryland Bethesda, A Michael, New Gerber, Robert Glickman, Ann Boston, Maryland Hubbard, Sun Jones, Willis Francisco, Esteban Dallas, Maryland Baltimore, Nicola Tavoloni, Allan Wolkoff, Raymond Koff, Jorge Gumucio, Ann Arbor, Irwin Arias, Michelle Britton, Kerry Carlyle, Esteban Mezey, John Gollan, Eugene Schiff, Florida Miami, Jay Hoofnagle, D Montgomery Bissell, San Francisco, Anthony Tavill, Nicholas Cleveland, Rochester Larusso, Roger Lester, Little Rock, Michael Sorrell, John Vierling, Los Angeles, Vinod Rustgi, Virginia Fairfa, New Gaines, William York, Jon Lee, David Nebraska, Scott Crabb, Sun Friedman, Steven Francisco, San Schenker, Andrew Antonio, Glen Klein, Maryland Arm
Journal: Hepatology (1993)
A Syllabus of Lectures on Obstetrics for Nurses.
Journal: JAMA (1930)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Leapfrog Leg
Authors: Charles L. Saltzman
Journal: JAMA (1987)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The aphorism "Don't change the rules late in the game" seems particularly apropos for leapfrogging. We report, apparently for the first time in the world's medical literature, serious injuries resulting from a recent modification of this medieval game. Each spring at the University of Michigan, the association of fraternities and sororities engage in a so-called Greek Olympics. One event is leapfrogging. This year, 19 coed teams entered the 40-yd competition. The rules were altered slightly. Specifically, the player in the stationary position (also known as the leapee) was required to keep her/his knees locked in extension. The results were disastrous: three major knee injuries occurred, all to women leaping over men. All injuries were sustained when the leaper landed in a maximally abducted position. The list of damages included one first-degree medial collateral ligament sprain, one grade III anterior cruciate ligament tear, and one complete anterior cruciate
IS CANCER A PARASITIC DISEASE?
Journal: JAMA (1891)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The “BRCAness” syndrome in ovarian cancer: A case-control study describing the clinical features and outcome of patients with epithelial ovarian cancer associated with <i>BRCA 1/2</i> mutations
Authors: D. S. Tan, C. Rothermundt Dr, K. Thomas, E. Bancroft, R. Eeles, S. Shanley, A. Ardern-Jones, A. Norman, S. B. Kaye Prof, M. E. Gore Prof
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

5594 Background: We evaluated the clinical impact of germline BRCA1/2 mutations in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) on responses to 1st and subsequent lines of chemotherapy, treatment-free interval (TFI) between each line of therapy and overall survival (OS). Methods: Twenty-two EOC patients with germ-line BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations (BRCA+) were selected from the Royal Marsden Hospital clinical genetics database and matched (1:2) with 44 non-hereditary EOC controls for stage, histological subtype, age at diagnosis, and year of diagnosis. Non-hereditary EOC patients were defined by no associated personal history of breast cancer and no family history of breast and ovarian cancer (n=36) or by an uninformative BRCA mutation test (n=8). All patients received primary platinum-based chemotherapy. Statistical analysis was performed using a Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test. Cox regression analysis was used to identify independent prognostic factors. Responses after first, second, and third line treatment were compared between groups using the Chi-squared and Fisher's exact test. Results: BRCA+ EOC patients had higher overall (95.5% vs 59.1%, p=0.002) and complete response rates (81.8% vs 43.2%, p=0.004) to 1st line platinum-based treatment compared with non- hereditary EOC patients. They also were significantly more likely to respond to 2nd and 3rd line platinum-based chemotherapy (2nd line 91.7% vs 40.9%; p=0.004; 3rd line 100% vs 14.3%, p=0.005) and have longer TFIs. A significant improvement in median OS in BRCA+ compared with non-hereditary EOC groups was observed from both time of diagnosis (8.4 vs 2.9 years, p<0.002) and time of 1st relapse (5 vs 1.6 years, p<0.001). In a multivariate analysis BRCA status, stage, and length of first response were independent prognostic factors. Conclusions: Patients with BRCA+ EOC have better outcomes compared with non-hereditary EOC patients. A clinical syndrome of BRCAness exists which includes: high response rates to 1st and subsequent lines of platinum-based treatment, long TFIs between relapses and improved OS. This syndrome is a potential predictor of response to Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor treatment. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Expert Testimony Other Remuneration AstraZeneca educational grants from AstraZeneca
Abstracts LB OAS
Authors: Ahlbeck Le, ; Ahlberg, ; Björkander, ; Nyström, ; Retsas, ; Togö, ; Nilsson, Layhadi Ja, ; Paques, ; Destiné, ; Parkin, ; Vila-Nadal, ; Tsilochristou, ; Durham Sr, ; Pirotton, Shamji Mh
Journal: Allergy (2019)

Background : Linear peptides derived from allergenic molecules do not cross-link IgE receptors on the surface of mast cells and basophils and are thought to have a desirable safety profile.The aim of the project was to generate hypoallergenic and immunogenic hydrolysates of peanut and house dust mite (HDM) peptide as a Proof of Concept for allergen of immunotherapy.Method : Hydrolysate of peanut and HDM peptides were evaluated for allergenicity and immunogenicity in murine and human ex-vivo models.Specific-IgE and IgG were quantified as well as allergen specific reactivity and production of blocking antibodies was measured.Moreover, the safety profile was investigated in both Peanut and HDM allergics by assessing basophil responsiveness.
A guide to the practical use of diuretics
Authors: R. W. Gifford
Journal: JAMA (1976)

THE INTRODUCTION of potent orally administered diuretics has been one of the most significant therapeutic milestones of this century. It has had numerous unanticipated benefits, not the least of which is their key role in the management of hypertension. As with all potent agents, rational and safe use of these drugs is predicated on an understanding of their pharmacologic action and their potential side effects. <h3>DIURETIC AGENTS</h3><h3>Thiazide and Related Compounds</h3> All of the diuretics in Table 1 are sulfonamide derivatives although not all have the benzothiadiazine nucleus. Nevertheless, their pharmacologic properties and their effects on electrolyte excretion are so similar that they will be grouped together under the term "thiazide" for the purposes of this discussion. They inhibit sodium reabsorption in the cortical portion of the ascending tubule and in the distal convoluted tubule, where less than 10% of filtered sodium is reabsorbed. Consequently they are not as potent
Incorrect Baseline Data in Table in: Effect of a Stepped-Care Intervention Approach on Weight Loss in Adults: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Ezekiel Emanuel, Victor Fuchs
Journal: JAMA (2012)

In Reply: We need to clarify 2 confusions about our proposal to reduce the length of medical training by 30%.We do not want to preclude students from completing 4 years of college prior to enrolling in medical school.A liberal arts degree is valuable in itself.We agree with Mr Duvivier and colleagues that nontraditional experiences in college and medical school can be enlightening.We meant that a college degree should not be a necessary requirement for becoming a medical student.Those who are judged ready for medical school should be admitted based on their merits, not years of training.Similarly, by eliminating the required research years of surgical and subspecialty training programs, we did not mean that physicians should no longer become researchers.Rather, this research training should not be required because it is wasted on the majority who are destined for full-time clinical practice.They will not use the skills and it takes away from their real learning through practice.We agree with Drs Rao and Dlouhy that a large volume of clinical experience is important to the training of highquality clinicians.However, by diverting years to research, the current subspecialty and surgical training schedules actually undermine high volumes of clinical experience.In some settings, volume for the individual trainee is limited by the number of appropriate patients relative to the number of trainees.Shortening the training period does not reduce the volume available for each trainee.With fewer trainees-2 years of trainees as opposed to 3 years of trainees-the number of patients each resident cares for does not change.We agree that any reform of graduate medical education and National Institutes of Health fellowship funding should modify the criteria for their support.We agree with the writers who suggest a greater need to move away from fixed time training programs to incorporate personalized learning models.
Mammographic Screening
Authors: Clinton Sayler
Journal: JAMA (1977)

Analysis of the two-year results of a project screening asymptomatic women for breast cancer is presented. There were 10,008 women examined and 490 biopsies completed. There were 97 cancers found, of which 55 were nonpalpable; 36 of the 97 cancers were in women under 50 years of age. The incidence of axillary metastasis was 7% in the nonpalpable lesions. We suggest that mammography is useful in discovering curable breast cancer, even among younger women at least down to the age of 40. The potential benefit seems to greatly outweigh the theoretical carcinogenic hazard. Selection of candidates for mammography should be based on all risk factors, not just age. An attempt is made to correlate the results with the theoretical risks as proposed by others. (<i>JAMA</i>238:872-873, 1977)
Concomitant CYP2D6 inhibitor use and tamoxifen adherence in early-stage breast cancer: A pharmacoepidemiologic study
Authors: V. Dezentje, N. J. Van Blijderveen, H. Gelderblom, H. Putter, M. P. Van Herk-Sukel, M. K. Casparie, A. C. Egberts, J. W. Nortier, H. J. Guchelaar
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

CRA509
Megaloblastic Madness
Authors: I. Atkin
Journal: BMJ (1961)

<h3>Background</h3> Coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality is declining. However, population ageing and increasing obesity and diabetes might reverse this trend. Strategies to reduce salt and saturated fat intake could substantially decrease population-wide cholesterol and blood pressure levels and consequently reduce CHD events. Our aim was to explore the potential reduction in CHD mortality burden that might be achieved by population shifts in these risk factors. <h3>Methods</h3> The novel Stock of Health (SoH) modelling approach integrates demographic and risk factor data from the Office for National Statistics and the Health Survey for England, and risk factor effects from the US Cardiovascular Lifetime Risk Pooling Project. The SoH approach estimates the latent “stock” of CHD-related health for each individual within the entire population of England and Wales (51 million). It then computes failure times for CHD mortality, allowing for multiplicative risk factor effects and competing mortality risks. We first simulated CHD deaths for England and Wales over the period 2000-2010. We then extended the simulations to 2030, and compared “FEASIBLE” and “IDEAL” population intervention scenarios, targeted to systolic blood pressure (SBP) and cholesterol under two future trend assumptions: I) assuming mortality rates in 2010 remain stable through to 2030, or II) assuming CHD mortality continue falling. <h3>Results</h3> The mean simulated failure times closely mirrored those actually observed(1993–2004: men=72 vs. 71 years; women=74 vs. 75 years). In 2030, about 81200 CHD deaths are expected to occur under trend assumption I (+14% compared to 2010, reflecting population ageing) and 47600 under trend assumption II (–18% compared to 2010). SBP: For trend I, a FEASIBLE SBP reduction of 1mmHg and IDEAL reduction of –5mmHg could result in approximately 77300 (+9%, baseline: 2010)and 64500 (–9%, baseline: 2010) deaths respectively in 2030. Assuming falling trends (II), about 45500 (–22%, baseline: 2010) and 38300 (–34%, baseline: 2010) deaths would result in 2030 under the feasible and ideal scenarios respectively. Total cholesterol (TC): Under trend I, a FEASIBLE TC reduction of 0.1 mmol/l and IDEAL reduction of 0.5 mmol/l could result in about 74800 and 57000 deaths (5% and –20%) by 2030. Assuming trend II, the resulting deaths would be approximately 43900 and 33400 (–25% and –43%, baseline: 2010) respectively. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Under both trend assumptions, the adoption of evidence-based dietary policies to reduce salt and saturated fat intake, resulting in population-wide decreases in blood pressure and cholesterol could result in substantial declines in forecasted CHD mortality.