tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
THE FOOD OF THE WORKER IN WAR TIME
Journal: JAMA (1918)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A Practical Treatise on Fractures and Dislocations.
Authors: None E. W. A.
Journal: JAMA (1885)

The seventh edition of this standard work is larger and better than any which have preceded it. In his latest preface Professor Hamilton claims to have embodied in the new edition all the recent contributions to this wide subject which has now quite an extensive literature, but which was so little written about once that the first edition (1859) declared, "The English language does not at this moment contain a single complete treatise on fractures and dislocations." Although it is literally true, perhaps, that there was no existing work on both fractures and dislocations, it would be a mistake to suppose that Professor Hamilton's book was a pioneer in this field, for Sir Astley Cooper's classic work on the dislocations must claim that position. That exhaustive work has furnished the basis of all subsequent surgical literature on the same topic, including Hamilton's treatise. A very large number of the engravings
The private patient and surgical training
Authors: R. A. Chase
Journal: JAMA (1969)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> The answer given by William B. Smith, JD, to a question about performance of surgical operation by residents (<b>209</b>:947, 1969) may be legally correct but, in my own view, is out of date in its restrictiveness. No surgeon performs major operations by himself. It requires the participation of a number of team members. The responsibility for surgery performed falls upon the surgeon contracted with by the patient. Specific responsibilities during the technical procedure are delegated to members of a surgical team by the surgeon. He cannot prepare sutures and instruments, hold retractors, place the suture in a heart valve, run the extracorporeal circuit, administer blood, give anesthesia, do a frozen section, tie the sutures, suction a wound clean, hold parts for dissection, take operative x-ray films and interpret them, and all the other obligations implicit in a successful operation. What he can do is<i>direct</i>all
Medical Genetics
Authors: Judith G. Hall
Journal: JAMA (1985)

Dramatic advances in basic and molecular genetics are influencing all of medical practice. Molecular genetic techniques, used in developing diagnostic procedures for infectious disease and cancer, promote increased precision and rapidity of diagnosis. Molecular engineering has led to the availability of compounds previously in short supply, such as growth hormone and interferon. Cloning techniques have allowed quantum leaps in the understanding of developmental mechanisms, cross-species differences, and protein structure. The molecular study of oncogenes has created great optimism that we will begin to understand the mechanisms that control mitosis in normal cells, during development, and in cancer. Over the last 12 to 15 years, very rapid progress has been made in mapping (identifying the exact location) individual human genes to specific chromosomes. Many new techniques have developed in addition to classic linkage studies, eg, somatic cell studies, in situ hybridization, chromosome aberrations, and DNA polymorphisms, which have allowed localization of
Colorectal Cancer Screening
Authors: SIDNEY J. WINAWER
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1991)

Journal Article Colorectal Cancer Screening Get access SIDNEY J. WINAWER SIDNEY J. WINAWER Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 83, Issue 14, 17 July 1991, Pages 1034–1035, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/83.14.1034-a Published: 17 July 1991
EPIDEMIC PLAGUE
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Crohn's Disease
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
THE STRUCTURE OF THE ADRENAL CORTEX
Journal: JAMA (1962)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Hand Surgery
Authors: Kingsbury G. Heiple
Journal: JAMA (1982)

A third edition of this modern standard after seven years is welcome, as the expansion of microvascular surgery alone would have required this update. As with any large multiauthored text today, it is necessary to define the audience for whom the volume is intended. There is little question that Flynn's book is principally for the orthopedic, plastic, or general surgeon for whom hand surgery is a significant portion of practice, or for the resident in training who has sufficient experience to have selected the hand as an area of future concentration. It is not an appropriate text for the emergency room physician or resident who has no intention of offering less than comprehensive care to the patient with hand injury or disease. The authors are a cross section of the world's most outstanding contributors to surgery of the hand, as well as lesser known "young turks" of hand surgery. One
How many physicians is enough?
Authors: A. R. Tarlov
Journal: JAMA (1990)

The practical relevance of physician manpower studies relates to the effects of variation in supply on improvements in (1) the availability of services, (2) the outcomes of medical care, including costs and benefits, and (3) the health of the nation. In this issue of<i>JAMA</i>, a frequent contributor to studies on physician supply, William Schwartz, with Daniel Mendelson,<sup>1</sup>applies standard economic theory in a secondary analysis of the American Medical Association's data for the years 1982 through 1987. The authors posit that a surplus of physicians is not developing. Their finding contradicts the projections of the Graduate Medical Education National Advisory Committee (GMENAC) made in 1980.<sup>2</sup>It is questionable, however, that the work of Schwartz and Mendelson provides useful information regarding the adequacy of the physician supply for the 1980s and the 1990s. Schwartz and Mendelson use the American Medical Association's data for 1982 through 1987,<sup>3</sup>which
The Artificial Heart
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Ultrasonic visualization in determination of tumor growth rate
Authors: R. F. Heimburger
Journal: JAMA (1973)

The growth rate of intracranial neoplasms has been studied extensively in three patients with the use of ultrasonic visualization methods. Normal and abnormal structural details in their brains have been compared to the brain structure of one patient without neoplastic disease. These patients' brains were scanned ultrasonically through the healed scalp, after a portion of the underlying calvaria had been removed during surgery for the neoplasm. Fissures, sulci, ventricles, cisterns, blood vessels, and some gray-white matter interfaces were visualized. Fine details of tumor proliferation and regression (glioblastoma multiforme and metastatic carcinoma) were accurately delineated. Ultrasound brain visualization has achieved sufficiently significant results to warrant its continued use through large skull defects to detect increase or decrease in the size of malignant neoplasia. The study also suggests that the substantial scientific effort required to provide comparable visualization through the intact skull be undertaken.
DOES CONCUSSION EDUCATION HAVE AN IMPACT IN BEHAVIOURS AMONGST SCHOOL-AGE RUGBY PLAYERS?
Authors: Christopher Bosshardt, Courtney Kipps, Mike England
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2017)

Background Concussion is a common injury in school-boy rugby, if managed incorrectly it can have serious consequences such as further injury, prolonged symptoms, and second impact syndrome. Adolescent players show poor knowledge levels and symptoms-reporting behaviour. Objective Investigate the effects of an educational presentation on the knowledge and behaviour of school age rugby players regarding concussion. Design Questionnaire based study. Setting 120 male rugby players, aged 16–18. Participants Three large rugby union playing schools in England. Interventions Independent Variable – Educational presentation aimed at school-age rugby players to improve their education and behaviours related to the condition. Players completed a questionnaire testing for likely behavioural responses from a selection of common concussion scenarios. Additional questions assessed knowledge of concussion symptoms, diagnosis and management. The questionnaires were completed pre-season and repeated 2–3 months after the presentation. Outcome Dependent variable: Questionnaire scores. Results The students had significantly improved their responses giving 53.9% appropriate responses after the presentation ( Md =55, n =34) compared to 46.1% before ( Md =33.5, n =34) ( U =400, Z =−2.18, p =0.029) with a moderate effect size (r=0.37). The knowledge of students increased from 37.85% correct responses before ( Md =28, n =35) and 44.07% on follow up ( Md =28, n =35) but with no significant difference ( U =575.5, Z =−0.88, p =0.378 with a small effect size ( r =0.15)). Completed surveys showed increased awareness of guidelines from 19.4% to 73.2% (p=0.00 McNemar's Test). Conclusions The students had showed improved concussion behaviour in response to concussion scenarios at 2–3 month follow up in contrast to previous studies on educational interventions. There was no increase in players' knowledge of concussion. The literature shows increases in short-term knowledge with other forms of concussion education but this effect is often lost at long term follow up. There was increased awareness of guidelines. Future concussion education should be modelled on the educational presentation to improve behavioural outcomes.
new developments in cancer
Journal: CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians (1953)

Control Intractable Pain . .about one half the cases.The deadly golden flood destroys not only the pri mary tumors but in some cases is borne (by macrophages?)along lym phatics to attack nearby points of spread.Differential uptake.by the can cer cells favors normal prostatic tissue; but dosages must protect bladder, rec tum, and other neighboring sensitive structures.Distant metastases are un affected by radiogold.
Effects of famotidine vs antacid on gastric acidity: onset of action and symptom relief
Authors: D. L. Decktor
Journal: JAMA (1996)

<h3>To the Reply.</h3> —In my Editorial, I focused on "assets" and "liabilities" in tobacco control that are national in scope. Coverage of important accomplishments in individual states and communities—such as the 3 state tobacco tax initiatives mentioned by Dr Glantz (and the 1 in Michigan, which he failed to mention)—was not possible in the space available. Nevertheless, these initiatives do represent the most aggressive actions against tobacco use in the United States to date and serve as model policies for adoption by other states and, ideally, by the nation as a whole. Mr O'Malley points out that many smokers receive pleasure from smoking. Of course they do, but 70% of smokers want to give up this pleasure, according to national surveys,<sup>1</sup>yet have not succeeded in quitting because of the addictive nature of smoking. O'Malley also argues that most smokers are aware that smoking is unhealthy. This is true, but large numbers
Faculty practice plans: caring for the underserved?
Authors: S. M. Retchin
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —I am delighted with Dr Retchin's letter and agree with the thrust of his comments about the potential of FPPs to be valuable instruments in facilitating care to the chronically underserved, once financial access to care is provided through health care reform. At that point, patient care dollars will become available for services rendered to patients who previously could not pay. Most of us do not believe that financial reform will be sufficient to bring competing organized provision systems into remote rural or dangerous inner-city underserved settings. The existence of a physician practice plan could certainly allow for the hiring of the physicians, nurse practitioners, and physician assistants likely to be necessary to provide basic ambulatory care to the population of an area. Furthermore, the specialty physician backup, available through the medical school practice plan, could smoothly assist the primary care providers as required. It would be splendid
Research in Physical Medicine
Authors: Arthur L. Watkins
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1946)

Electrotherapy Diathermy Medical diathermy has been defined as the therapeutic use of heat generated in body tissues by a high-frequency current that has insufficient local intensity to produce temperatures high enough to destroy or injure tissues. These currents are applied locally by three methods: conventional long-wave diathermy with contact metal electrodes; short-wave diathermy with an electric field, air space or insulated electrodes being used; and short-wave diathermy with an electromagnetic field, a cable or coil being employed. Conventional or long-wave diathermy frequency is between 500,000 and 3,000,000 cycles per second, whereas short-wave diathermy frequencies are between 10,000,000 and 100,000,000 cycles. . . .
Sickle-Cell Anemia: Molecular and Cellular Bases of Therapeutic Approaches
Authors: Jurrien Dean, Alan N. Schechter
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1978)

Red Blood CellsContained within the normal erythrocyte is a 5 mM solution of hemoglobin, constituting 97.5 per cent of the cytoplasmic protein by weight.121 The other 2.5 per cent is primarily made up of protein systems that can be considered to support and regulate the function of hemoglobin as well as maintain the integrity of the cell. These proteins provide energy to maintain the ionic composition and water content of the cell, supply a reducing potential to keep hemoglobin in the ferrous form and regulate appropriate levels of allosteric effectors, such as 2,3-DPG and hydrogen . . .
Pembrolizumab versus chemotherapy as second-line therapy for advanced esophageal cancer: Phase 3 KEYNOTE-181 study.
Authors: Manish A. Shah, Antoine Adenis, Peter C. Enzinger, Takashi Kojima, Kei Muro, Jaafar Bennouna, Eric Francois, Chih-Hung Hsu, Toshikazu Moriwaki, Sung-Bae Kim, Se-Hoon Lee, Ken Kato, Lin Shen, Shukui Qin, Paula Ferreira, Ruixue Wang, Pooja Bhagia, S. Peter Kang, Jean-Philippe Metges, Toshihiko Doi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2019)

4010 Background: The phase 3 KEYNOTE-181 study compared pembrolizumab (pembro) vs chemo as second-line therapy for patients (pts) with advanced/metastatic squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and adenocarcinoma (ACC) of the esophagus (NCT02564263). Methods: Eligible pts were randomized 1:1 to pembro 200 mg Q3W for up to 2 years or choice of paclitaxel, docetaxel, or irinotecan. Randomization was stratified by histology (SCC vs adenocarcinoma) and region (Asia vs rest of world). Primary end points were OS in the SCC, PD-L1 combined positive score (CPS) ≥10, and the ITT. Secondary endpoints included PFS, ORR, safety; exploratory endpoints included health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in CPS ≥10. Results: 628 pts were randomized (401 with SCC; 222 with CPS ≥10). As of Oct. 15, 2018, median follow-up was 7.1 mo (pembro) vs 6.9 mo (chemo). In CPS ≥10, OS was superior with pembro vs chemo (median 9.3 vs 6.7 mo; HR 0.69; 95% CI 0.52-0.93; P= 0.0074). In CPS ≥10 SCC, median OS was 10.3 mo vs 6.7 mo and in CPS ≥10 ACC, median OS was 6.3 mo vs 6.9 mo; 12-mo OS rates were higher with pembro vs chemo (Table). In SCC, median OS was 8.2 mo vs 7.1 mo; HR 0.78; 95% CI 0.63-0.96; P= 0.0095. In the ITT, median OS was 7.1 mo vs 7.1 mo; HR 0.89; 95% CI 0.75-1.05; P= 0.0560. Updated OS will be presented. Grade 3-5 drug-related AEs (≥10% incidence in either arm) included decreased white blood cells (0% vs 10%), decreased neutrophils (0.3% vs 10%). In CPS ≥10, HRQoL improved with pembro vs chemo only for EQ-5D VAS (difference in LS mean change from baseline 5.57; 95% CI 0.58-10.56). Conclusions: Pembro significantly improved OS vs chemo as second-line therapy for advanced esophageal cancer with PD-L1 CPS ≥10, with a more favorable safety profile and stable and similar QOL. These data support pembro as a new second-line standard of care for esophageal cancer with PD-L1 CPS ≥10. Clinical trial information: NCT02564263. [Table: see text]
Noncontraceptive estrogens and myocardial infarction in young women
Authors: L. Rosenberg
Journal: JAMA (1980)

The effect of noncontraceptive estrogens on the risk of myocardial infarction (MI) in women aged 30 to 49 years was investigated in 477 women with first infarctions and in 1,832 hospital control subjects. There was little evidence of an effect: overall, the estimated relative risk of acute MI for women who had used noncontraceptive estrogens in the preceding month, after allowance for potential confounding factors, was 1.0 (95% confidence interval, 0.6 to 1.7); the corresponding estimate for women who had discontinued use more than one month previously was 1.2 (0.8 to 1.8). There was also no apparent association in various subgroups, including women who smoked heavily and those who had no identified predisposition. (<i>JAMA</i>244:339-342, 1980)