tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
CORONARY EMBOLISM
Journal: JAMA (1941)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Chest
Journal: JAMA (2000)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
"INTERNAL" VACCINATION.
Journal: JAMA (1905)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 12642: Left Atrial Diameter as a Predictor of World Health Organization Group Two Pulmonary Hypertension Severity
Authors: Scott L Purga, Elizabeth A Penner, Elizabeth Mauer, Irina Sobol, Evelyn M Horn, Maria G Karas
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Objective: Left atrial (LA) enlargement and dysfunction have poor prognostic significance in heart failure and coronary artery disease. However, the correlation between LA diameter and World Health Organization (WHO) Group 2 pulmonary hypertension (PH) severity has not been well studied. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that LA enlargement as a marker of LA remodeling in response to pressure and volume overload may contribute to higher pulmonary arterial pressures (PAP) in this population, independent of comorbidities and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). Methods: After exclusion for severe left-sided valvular disease, 100 patients with isolated or mixed WHO Group 2 PH defined by right heart catheterization were studied in a cross-sectional retrospective analysis at a single institution. Linear LA anteroposterior diameter was obtained from the parasternal long-axis view on two dimensional TTE. LVEF, LV E/A Ratio, and LV Mass Index were measured according to ASE guidelines. LV E/A and LV Mass Index was recorded in 80 subjects and 79 subjects, respectively. Mean PAP was assessed on RHC. TTE and RHC were performed within one year of each other. Results: LA diameter was significantly associated with mean PAP after adjustment for age, sex, body-mass index, presence of coronary artery disease, hypertension, atrial fibrillation, and LVEF in multivariable linear regression analysis. In this multivariable model, a one centimeter increase in LA diameter predicted an average increase in mean PAP of 2.78 mmHg (95% CI 0.10, 5.46, p = 0.0423). In a subset of this population, LVEF, LV E/A Ratio, and LV Mass Index were not significant predictors of mean PAP. Reduction in cardiac index was noted with increasing LA diameter but this trend did not reach statistical significance. Conclusion: LA enlargement is significantly associated with increased mean PAP in patients with WHO Group 2 PH. LA enlargement may be a proxy for LA dysfunction and our data suggests that increased LA diameter may be a predictor of WHO Group 2 PH severity. Further studies of LA dimension, volume, and function are warranted to further our understanding of the left atrium’s relationship to PH.
BOOK REVIEWS
Authors: G. MORSTYN
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1992)

Journal Article BOOK REVIEWS Get access 2nd Review of Principles of Cancer Biotherapy GEORGE MORSTYN, Ph.D., F.R.A.C.P. GEORGE MORSTYN, Ph.D., F.R.A.C.P. Department of Scientific Affairs Amgen Australia Pty. Ltd.79083 High St., Ste. 17 Kew Victoria 3101, Australia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 84, Issue 19, 7 October 1992, Page 1529, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/84.19.1529 Published: 07 October 1992
CBIO-17. GENE EXPRESSION OF MITOTIC DRIVERS TPX2 AND RAN IS UPREGULATED DEPENDENT ON MENINGIOMA GRADE AND CORRELATES WITH MIB-1 LABELING INDEX
Authors: Marco Timmer, Sergej Telentschak, Gabriele Röhn, Roland Goldbrunner
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2017)

Studies on different malignancies indicate that Ran (Ras-related nuclear protein), some components of its pathway and TPX2 (Targeting protein for Xenopus kinesin-like protein 2) are involved in tumorigenesis, cancer progression and tumor cell survival. Mitotic spindle formation is regulated Ran-dependently by TPX2. Due to its Ran-regulated transportation into the nucleus, TPX2 promotes DNA damage response. To evaluate a potential role of TPX2 and Ran pathway in meningiomas we measured their gene expression in different tumor types. Using quantitative RT-PCR, gene expression was analyzed in 77 meningiomas including WHO I° (n=27), II° (n=31), III° (n=19) and 10 brain tissues as control. MIB-1 labeling indices were obtained from histopathology reports. Results were depicted by mean values (±SEM) in Arbitrary Units. Significant TPX2 gene overexpression compared to control (0.42 ± 0.12) was detected in all meningioma WHO grades (I°: 0.91 ± 0.15; II°: 1.93 ± 0.28; III°: 4.33 ± 0.67). With increasing WHO grade there was a steady increase of TPX2 (P<0.01). RAN was significantly overexpressed in WHO III° (2.42 ± 0.29) versus control (1.45 ± 0.12) and showed a significant rise from WHO I° to III° and from II° to III°. Spearman’s correlation of RAN and TPX2 was moderate in first diagnosed tumors (r=0.518, P=0.003). In ROC analysis, TPX2 showed predictive properties as biomarker differentiating WHO I° from II°, II° from III° and I° from III° with the areas under the curve of 0.725, 0.791 and 0.912, respectively (each P<0.01). MIB-1 labeling index correlated highly with TPX2 (r=0.865) and moderately with RAN (r=0.619) as well as with Ran pathway components RAN-BP1 (r=0.639) and RCC1 (r=0.675). TPX2 and RAN were significantly overexpressed in malignant meningioma and correlated with MIB-1. This could implicate them as potential driving force for malignant transformation. Therefore, TPX2 and components of Ran pathway may represent future markers for diagnosis and prognosis as well as targets for chemotherapy in malignant meningioma.
Influenza Vaccine
Authors: Recommendations of the Public Health Service Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices, Center for Disease Control, U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1977)

The bivalent influenza vaccines for the 1977-1978 immunization period will contain inactivated influenza A and B viruses representing currently prevalent strains and will be available in "split-virus" and "whole-virus" preparations, which differ in side-effects and immunogenicity. Annual vaccination is recommended for adults and children of all ages with chronic diseases, especially diabetes mellitus or cardiac, pulmonary, or renal disease. Vaccination is also recommended for persons over age 65 years and persons in vital community services. Age-related doses are specified in a table, and side-effects and use in pregnancy are discussed in the text.
Abstract 673: Impact of PD-L1 feedback modulation on the sensitivity of anti-PD-1/PD-L1
Authors: Jian Zhu, Rebecca L. Zhu
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract The long-term benefits of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 are limited in most cancer patients. Resistance and insensitivity are major challenges of this therapeutic class. Feedback regulation of PD-L1 could serve as a mechanism of drug resistant, especially negative feedback loops where inhibition of PD-L1 may lead to up-regulation of its own expression and function. In this study, computational models were established to investigate PD-L1 feedback modulations to facilitate discovery of biomarkers for drug sensitivity and to inform design of drug combination studies. As of October 2018, over 10,000 publications on cancer and immunosuppressive factors (e.g. PD-1, PD-L1, CTLA4, IDO1, TIM-3, LAG3, TIGIT) were found in PubMed. About 2500 abstracts of these articles were downloaded and systematically analyzed through natural language processing and text mining. Information on gene/drug, pathway/disease along with results from cell/animal/clinical studies were extracted, standardized and integrated into a directed graph-based database. Algorithms were designed to construct networks and identify PD-L1 feedback loops (FBLs). Fisher's Exact tests were performed to evaluate the significance of factors involved in (+) and (-)FBLs. The computationally generated PD-L1 feedback network comprises 102 nodes, 216 interactions with 1080 possible FBLs (502 positive vs 578 negative). In particular, up-regulation of IL10, pEGFR, SRC, HIF1A, ISX, NF-kappaB, pSMAD2/SMAD2, IFN-gamma were strongly associated with up-regulation of PD-L1 upon inhibition of PD-1/PD-L1 (p&amp;lt;0.0001, (-)FBLs). Interestingly, TIM-3, a potential IO target and commonly up-regulated by anti-PD-1/PD-L1, is involved in both (+) and (-)FBLs. Inhibition of TIM-3 (e.g. anti-TIM-3) could decrease IL-10 in Tregs and enhance efficacy of anti-PD-1/PD-L1, but meanwhile, anti-TIM-3 could activate NF-kappaB, IRF7 and STAT1, leading to up-regulation of PD-L1 expression and potential resistance to anti-PD-1/PD-L1. In conclusion, the literature-based network analysis proved to be effective to identify potential regulatory pathways driving resistance to immunotherapies, to prioritize the selection of biomarkers, and to assess risk of drug combinations. Particularly, through the analysis of feedback regulations of PD-L1, novel therapeutic approaches to boost efficacy of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 could be postulated. Targeting genes involved in both (+) and (-)FBLs of PD-L1, such as TIM-3, needs to be carefully evaluated. Citation Format: Jian Zhu, Rebecca L. Zhu. Impact of PD-L1 feedback modulation on the sensitivity of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 673.
Bladder carcinoma after urinary diversion
Authors: P. M. Hanno
Journal: JAMA (1982)

CARCINOMA of the defunctionalized bladder is considered a rare entity. Eleven cases have been reported.<sup>1-8</sup>Diagnosis is often delayed and sometimes is an unexpected finding at cystectomy. We report a case that illustrates this problem and review the literature. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 52-year-old woman underwent urinary diversion in 1960 because of incontinence related to spina bifida and paraplegia. Aside from a left ureterolithotomy in 1974, she had no problems referable to her urinary tract and no signs or symptoms of vesical irritation or pyocystis. In February 1981, she reported a five-month history of "bleeding from the vagina." Gynecologic evaluation, including Papanicolaou's smear and dilatation and curettage, gave normal findings. Five months later, because of persistent bleeding, her bladder was catheterized and 50 mL of blood was aspirated. Once it was recognized that the bleeding was from the bladder, urologic evaluation ensued. Cystoscopy demonstrated an inflammatory mucosal lesion
Gene-toxicant link to Parkinson's disease.
Authors: Brian Balin, Alan Hudson
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1999)

led what may prove to be a huge step forwarding in understanding Alzheimer's.Says Balin, "We don't have a definite cause yet, but we definitely have a potential cause or risk fac- tor for the disease."C. pneumoniae is the cousin of C. tra- chomatis, which causes both the sexually transmitted infection commonly known as chlamydia and trachoma, a form of blindness.C. pneumoniae is a pervasive bacteri- um, appearing in 40-70% of adults.Unlike most other bacteria, C. pneumoniae can only live inside a cell and draws its energy from the cell's supply of adenosine triphosphate.The bacterium is spread through sneezing and coughing, and causes diseases such as sinusitis and bronchitis.In studying the relationship between C. pneumoniae and lateonset Alzheimer's, Balin and Hudson used postmortem samples from various regions of the brains of patients both with and without Alzheimer's.From each sample, the scientists prepared samples of nucleic acid, which were screened by polymerase chain reaction assay for the presence of two C. pneumoniae marker genes.Analyses showed that sam- ples from 17 of the 19 brains with Alzheimer's tested positive for the bacteria, while only 1 of 19 brain samples without Alzheimer's tested positive.
PROTEID METABOLISM.
Journal: JAMA (1903)

At the present time physiologic chemists are looking for the greatest advance in knowledge of intracellular metabolism to come from the many recent observations on the intracellular ferments. As has already been noted in these columns, the fundamental observations on proteid splitting enzymes in the tissue cells were made by Salkowski and his pupils, who showed that tissues of all kinds are able to digest themselves when kept at incubator temperature for a time, in the absence of bacteria. This process of autolysis is due to the presence, within the cells, of an enzyme which is very similar to the trypsin of pancreatic juice, although not identical, as is shown by careful study of the products of the digestion. A most important advance seems to have been made recently by Martin Jacoby,<sup>1</sup>who has obtained evidence that the ferments that accomplish autolysis are to a certain extent specific, that
Wives who work lower their HDL levels
Authors: J. Kangilaski
Journal: JAMA (1983)

Working outside the home may be good for women's health as far as certain risk factors for coronary heart disease are concerned. Evidence for this view comes from a study of almost 700 housewives and women with outside employment by a team from the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio who presented their report to the American Public Health Association meeting in Montreal. The investigators looked at four risk factors: obesity, blood lipid and lipoprotein cholesterol levels, BP, and smoking history. "The levels of certain cardiovascular risk factors, namely, total serum cholesterol, systolic and diastolic BP, and obesity, are quite similar in currently employed women and housewives," stated epidemiologist Helen P. Hazuda, PhD. "However, for... high-and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides, the pattern of differences consistently favors working over nonworking women." (In this context, "nonworking women" was used as a synonym for "housewives.") "It is particularly interesting
Hyperuricemia in infectious mononucleosis
Authors: S. C. Cowdrey
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Lymphadenopathy with splenomegaly and abnormal leukocytes are present in both leukemia and infectious mononucleosis. To the author's knowledge, the hyperuricemia that often accompanies the leukemic states has not been documented in infectious mononucleosis. Uricacid levels from 13 male and eight female patients were obtained during the acute stages of the disease. The mean serum-uric-acid levels of both male and female patients were found to be significantly elevated. The elevations were found to be maximal within the first two weeks of the disease and tended to parallel the presence of abnormal lymphocytosis. Recent studies indicating an increased nucleic-acid synthesis by the abnormal mononuclear leukocytes in infectious mononucleosis suggest a possible mechanism for the hyperuricemia recorded in this report.
DEATHS OF PHYSICIANS PUBLISHED IN 1932
Journal: JAMA (1933)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: S Gaine
Journal: JAMA (2000)

A clinically useful, treatment-based classification of pulmonary hypertension divides the disease into 5 distinct categories: (1) pulmonary hypertension associated with disorders of the respiratory system and/or hypoxemia; (2) pulmonary venous hypertension; (3) chronic thromboembolic disease; (4) pulmonary arterial hypertension; and (5) pulmonary hypertension due to disorders directly affecting the pulmonary vasculature. Pulmonary arterial hypertension includes individuals with primary pulmonary hypertension, congenital heart disease, connective tissue disease, and liver disease. These heterogeneous diseases have similar characteristic pathological changes, including in situ thrombosis, smooth muscle hypertrophy, and intimal proliferation. Right heart catheterization is essential to confirm diagnosis, determine prognosis, and assign therapy. A minority of patients have a favorable response to an acute vasodilator trial and long-term benefit with calcium channel blocker therapy. Continuous intravenous epoprostenol improves symptoms and survival in patients with advanced primary pulmonary hypertension and has potential benefit in other forms of pulmonary arterial hypertension. Lung transplantation remains an important option for individuals in whom maximal medical therapy fails. The recent discovery of the gene for familial primary pulmonary hypertension and the increase in new drugs undergoing clinical trials are encouraging developments.
Accuracy of the measurement of the left ventricular mass by contrast echocardiography in rats Kumiko Hirata, Haruka Kobayashi, Hideo Hirayama, Hiroyuki Watanabe, Masakazu Teragaki, Takashi Muro, Kazuhide Takeuchi, Junichi Yoshikawa, Shintaro Beppu. Osaka University, Osaka, Japan, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Identification of the critical oxygen delivery for anaerobic metabolism in critically ill septic and nonseptic humans
Authors: J. J. Ronco
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<h3>Objectives.</h3> —To determine the critical oxygen delivery threshold for anaerobic metabolism and to compare its value between septic and nonseptic critically ill patients. <h3>Design.</h3> —Cohort analytic study, consecutive sample. <h3>Setting.</h3> —Two tertiary care medical and surgical intensive care units in university hospitals. <h3>Patients.</h3> —Nine septic and nine nonseptic critically ill humans. A diagnosis of sepsis was established by the presence of sepsis syndrome, positive cultures obtained within 48 hours of study, and autopsy evidence of a source of infection. <h3>Methods and Interventions.</h3> —The O<sub>2</sub>consumption (determined by indirect calorimetry), O<sub>2</sub>delivery (calculated from the Fick equation), and concentration of arterial plasma lactate were simultaneously determined at 5-to 20-minute intervals while life support was discontinued. <h3>Main Outcome Measures.</h3> —Critical O<sub>2</sub>delivery, critical O<sub>2</sub>extraction ratio, and maximal O<sub>2</sub>extraction ratio. <h3>Results.</h3> —In all septic and eight nonseptic patients, O<sub>2</sub>delivery and O<sub>2</sub>consumption displayed a biphasic relationship over the range of O<sub>2</sub>delivery studied. There were no differences in critical O<sub>2</sub>delivery threshold (3.8±1.5 vs 4.5±1.3 mL·min<sup>-1</sup>·kg<sup>-1</sup>;<i>P</i>&gt;.28), critical O<sub>2</sub>extraction ratio (0.61 ±0.05 vs 0.59±0.16;<i>P</i>&gt;.64), and maximal O<sub>2</sub>extraction ratio (0.74±0.08 vs 0.80±0.11;<i>P</i>&gt;.29) between septic and nonseptic patients. These data have greater than 90% power to detect a difference of 2 mL·min<sup>-1</sup>·kg<sup>-1</sup>in the critical O<sub>2</sub>delivery and 0.1 in the critical and maximal O<sub>2</sub>extraction ratios between the septic and nonseptic groups. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —The critical O<sub>2</sub>delivery for anaerobic metabolism was identified from the biphasic relationship between O<sub>2</sub>delivery and O<sub>2</sub>consumption in individual humans. The critical O<sub>2</sub>delivery is considerably lower than previously reported in humans with the use of pooled group data. Sepsis does not alter the critical O<sub>2</sub>delivery for anaerobic metabolism or tissue O<sub>2</sub>extraction ability. Interventions to increase O<sub>2</sub>delivery to supranormal levels in critically ill humans in the hope of increasing O<sub>2</sub>consumption may be inappropriate. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1993;270:1724-1730)