tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
J Laboratory &amp;amp; Clinical Medicine, St Louis
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Changes in distribution and activity of glutamine synthetase in carbon tetrachloride-induced cirrhosis in the rat: Potential role in hyperammonemia
Authors: R Gebhardt
Journal: Hepatology (1994)

Cirrhosis induced in rats by carbon tetrachloride was used to study alterations in the activities and lobular distribution of carbamoylphosphate synthetase and glutamine synthetase. Specific activity of carbamoylphosphate synthetase in cirrhotic subjects was decreased to 70% of controls. Staining was homogeneous within micronodular areas, but varied from area to area and generally showed a decreased intensity. Specific activity of glutamine synthetase and the size of the glutamine synthetase-positive area were decreased to 20% and less of controls. Glutamine synthetase-positive hepatocytes were rare and scattered at the periphery of nodular areas and within fibrous septa, the normal association with the central veins being widely lost. Rarely, complete micronodules showed a slight homogeneous staining for glutamine synthetase. Arginase activity was not affected, whereas glutaminase activity was enhanced by 50%. Serum levels of ammonia were elevated more than 2-fold and those of glutamine by 30%. In contrast, urea levels tended to be slightly diminished. Serum ammonia levels showed a clear negative correlation with the specific activity of glutamine synthetase and the size of the glutamine synthetase-positive area. Furthermore, blood urea levels correlated with the sum of ammonia and glutamine concentrations, but not with each of these substrate concentrations alone. These data suggest that the changes in activity and distribution of glutamine synthetase contribute to hyperammonemia in cirrhosis. Despite a reduced activity of the initial enzyme of the urea cycle, urea synthesis is not diminished accordingly. This may be due to an enhanced flux caused by the elevated blood level of ammonia and an increased hydrolysis of glutamine, because of higher levels of glutaminase. (HEPATOLOGY 1994;20:684–691).
Beitray zur Pathologie und Epidemiologie der Pellagra (nach Beobachtungen aus Transkaukasien).
Journal: JAMA (1933)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Emergency Department Response to Domestic Violence—California, 1992
Journal: JAMA (1993)

A 1993 national poll found that 34% of adults in the United States report having witnessed a man beating his wife or girlfriend and that 14% of women report that a husband or boyfriend has been violent with them (1). Studies suggest that as many as 30% of women treated in emergency departments (EDs) have injuries or symptoms related to physical abuse (2). A national health objective for the year 2000 is for at least 90% of hospital EDs to have protocols for routinely identifying, treating, and referring victims of sexual assault and spouse abuse (objective 7.12) (3). The Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO) has also recommended that accredited EDs have policies, procedures, and education in place to guide staff in the treatment of battered adults (4). To assess progress toward the national health objective for the year 2000 and the JCAHO standards, all active EDs in California were surveyed during November-December 1992 about their policies and practices for the treatment of battered adults. This report presents findings of this survey.
AB0022 Accumulation of circulating autoreactive naïve b cells reveal defects of early b cell tolerance checkpoints in patients with sjögren’s syndrome
Authors: E. Corsiero, N. Sutcliffe, H. Wardemann, C. Pitzalis, M. Bombardieri
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is an autoimmune disease characterised by high affinity circulating autoantibodies and peripheral B cell disturbances with predominance of naïve and reduction of memory B cells. <h3>Objectives</h3> The stage at which errors in B cell tolerance checkpoints accumulate in SS is unknown. Here we determined the frequency of self- and poly-reactive B cells in the circulating naïve compartment of SS patients. <h3>Methods</h3> Single CD27-IgD+ B cells were sorted by FACS from peripheral blood of SS patients and healthy donors (HD). RNA was used to amplify Ig VH and VL genes and PCR products were cloned and expressed as recombinant monoclonal antibodies displaying identical specificity of the original B cells. Recombinant antibodies were tested towards different antigens to determine the frequency of autoreactive and polyreactive clones. <h3>Results</h3> 66 recombinant antibodies were generated from naïve B cells of 4 SS patients and compared to 45 clones from 2 HD. Analysis of the VH and VL gene usage showed no significant differences between SS and HD. Conversely, we observed accumulation of circulating autoreactive naïve B cells in SS as demonstrated by increased reactivity towards Hep2 cells (43.1% SS vs 25% HD) and ENA (19.6% SS clones vs none). Among ENA+ clones, 6 displayed reactivity towards Ro/SSA and/or La/SSB. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Here using an efficient strategy to express recombinant monoclonal antibodies from single B cells we demonstrated an elevated frequency of autoreactive naïve B cells in the circulation of SS patients supporting the existence of early defects in B cell tolerance checkpoints in SS. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Allergic skin disorders and mastocytosis
Authors: R. F. Horan
Journal: JAMA (1992)

THIS CHAPTER reviews the common and uncommon immunologically mediated diseases of the skin. Newer information concerning the pathogenesis of these diseases, reviewed herein, promises to improve the diagnosis and treatment of these conditions. <h3>URTICARIA AND ANGIOEDEMA</h3> Urticaria consists of blanchable, erythematous, edematous papules and plaques, usually pruritic, ranging from 1 to 2 mm to several centimeters in diameter, often with serpiginous borders. Individual lesions are transient, infrequently persisting. longer than 24 to 48 hours. Characterized by well-demarcated swelling of deeper skin structures and subcutis (with a predilection for palms, soles, and periorbital-perioral areas), angioedema may present as nonpitting edema. The overlying skin appears normal and is nonpruritic; a burning discomfort may occur. <h3>Incidence</h3> Urticaria and angioedema are common.<sup>1,2</sup>The incidence in the general population is approximately 15%. Women are more frequently afflicted, and onset may occur at any age, with peak incidence in the second through fourth decades of
Enough is enough
Authors: Christine Borowski
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2011)

Complaints about the overabundance of supplementary information in primary research articles have increased in decibel and frequency in the past several years and are now at cacophonous levels. Reviewers and editors warn that they do not have time to scrutinize it. Authors contend that the effort and money needed to produce it exceeds that reasonably spent on a single publication. How often readers actually look at supplemental information is unclear, and most journal websites offer the supplement as an optional download.
Elements of Human Physiology.
Authors: None T. C. H.
Journal: JAMA (1884)

The study of physiology, with all its fascinating details of experimental research, cannot be regarded as secondary, either in importance or interest, to the student of medicine. So extensive is its scope, and so inseparably is it bound to the kindred subjects of anatomy, physics and chemistry, that any attempt to separate it from them must inevitably lead to incompleteness and a certain degree of confusion, while it robs the subject greatly of its interest. To strip it only of the details of experimentation, leaves it bare enough; but when most of the considerations of physics, anatomy and chemistry are banished, there is left little besides the naked mathematics of physiology. The volume in hand is one of the manuals for students of medicine. A small manual of a vast subject must necessarily be unsatisfactory in many regards, and so we find it in this instance; for, as we are
The weather handbook. A summary of weather statistics for principal cities throughout the United States and the world.
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
THE ATHEROSCLEROTIC ABDOMINALN ANEURYSM
Journal: JAMA (1962)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
In this issue
Authors: Peter Kirkpatrick, Alexandra Flemming, Charlotte Harrison, Sarah Crunkhorn, Monica Flight, Asher Mullard, Man Tse, Mariam Faruqi, Catriona Rodwell, Lucie Wootton, Lewis Packwood, Susanne Harris, Vicky Summersby, Patrick Morgan, Kirsten Managing, Judith Shadwell, Simon Fenwick, Natalie Smith, Laura Corns, Deborah Anthony, Marketing Managers, Tim Redding, Nazly De, La Rosa, Peter Collins, Man Tsuey Tse
Journal: Nature Reviews Drug Discovery (2012)
Cisplatin plus gemcitabine with or without vinorelbine as neoadjuvant therapy for radically treatable stage III non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Preliminary results of a randomised study of the GON (Grupo Oncológico del Norte de España)
Authors: N. Villanueva, E. Esteban, J. Fra, J. De Sande, B. Mareque, E. Uña, I. Muñiz, Y. Fernández, J. Buesa, A. Lacave
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

7171 Background: The combinations of cisplatin (C) with gemcitabine (G) and/or vinorelbine (V) have shown to be effective and safe regimens in the first line treatment of NSCLC.This study was conducted to determine whether the association of V to the combination of CG (VCG) increases the efficacy and not the toxicity when compared to CG administered as neoadjuvant therapy in patients with radically-treatable stage III NSCLC. Methods: Patients (pts) ≤ 75 years old, Karnofsky index ≥ 70% and adequate haematological, renal and hepatic function are stratified by stage (IIIA versus IIIB) and randomly assigned to: C 50 mg/m2 i.v. and G 1250 mg/m2 i.v. d1 and d8 alone (CG) or in combination with V 25 mg/m 2 i.v. d1 and d8 (VCG) both regimens every 3 weeks for 3 consecutive cycles followed by definitive local treatment (LT). From December 1999 to December 2003, a Hundred and fifteen pts have been randomised and evaluated (CG/VCG); median age 57/58; median Karnofsky index 80/80; stage IIIA 19/21; stage IIIB 39/36; adenocarcinoma 27/27; squamous 26/26; anaplastic 5/4. Results: Five pts in CG and 6 in VCG arm developed progression disease during induction treatment with chemotherapy. Major toxicity grade 3–4 (CG/VCG; %); Anaemia (7/5) neutropenia (35/36); thrombocytopenia (4/6). Two pts in both arms developed neutropenic fever. Non haematological toxicities registered in both groups have been ≤ grade 2 except for N/Vomiting grade 2/3 seen in 19% and 25% of pts of CG and VCG respectively. Local/ distant failure has been registered (%) in 17/31 of pts in CG and 24/25 in VCG respectively. Conclusions: Preliminary results show similar high efficacy associated with moderate toxicity in both groups of treatment. The study is continuing. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
HIV Screening
Authors: Moira McNulty, Adam S. Cifu, David Pitrak
Journal: JAMA (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Impact of extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase faecal carrier on cirrhotic patients: a retrospective study on clinical outcomes before and after liver transplantation
Authors: Bianca Magro, Alessandra Mazzola, Mona Munteanu, Goumard Claire, Valérie Martinez, Denis Bernard, Olivier Scatton, Calogero Camma, Filomena Conti
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2020)
Rabies Prevention or the Decline of Sirus
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
SAT0229 Number needed to treat (nnt): implication in rheumatology clinical practice
Authors: M Osiri, ME Suarez-Almazor, GA Wells, P Tugwell
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2001)

<h3>Background</h3> A major challenge for rheumatologists is to translate the research data into treatment decision for their patients in clinical practice. One approach that is becoming increasingly used is the ?number needed to treat? (NNT), the reciprocal of absolute risk reduction, which is the number of patients who must be treated in order to obtain the benefit of interest in one new patient. <h3>Objectives</h3> To calculate the NNT from rheumatology systematic reviews and clinical trials. <h3>Methods</h3> We calculated the NNT from clinically important outcomes in rheumatology from the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews in the Cochrane Library Issue 2, 2000 or from the absolute risk differences of the primary outcomes from the original RCTs. If these outcomes were not available, the NNT was calculated from mean improvement of tender joint counts. Key words included musculoskeletal, rheumatology, and systematic reviews. <h3>Results</h3> 15 systematic reviews and 11 original articles contributed the data for NNT calculation. The smallest NNT for the patients meeting the ACR20 criteria was from etanercept treatment compared to placebo (NNT 1.8;95% CI 1.1,4.7). The NNT and 95% CI for the patients treated with MTX, SSZ and leflunomide was 5.0 (3.3,11), 3.6 (2.5,6.7), and 3.9 (2.7,6.6), respectively. The NNT for combination treatment (cyclosporin + MTX, infliximab + MTX, and prednisolone + MTX + SSZ) ranged from 2.6 to 4.8. The NNT for azathioprine (2.4; 95% CI 1.8, 8.9) and high dose D-penicillamine (5.2; 95% CI 2.8,34.2) was calculated from mean change of the number of tender joints. The NNT for meeting the Paulus criteria in antimalarial-treated patients was 4.6 (95% CI 2.5,25.6) and in injectable gold group was 4.0 (2.3,14.3). Among different NSAIDs used in hip OA, only etodolac (NNT 4.4; 95% CI 2.4,24.4) and tenoxicam (NNT 3.8, 95% CI 2.5,7.3) showed a significant NNT and 95% CI for relieving pain over placebo. <h3>Conclusion</h3> The NNT is a term translated from the less understandable research data to help clinicians in routine practice decision-making. Comparisons of the NNTs can be done among different treatment options for the same disease and outcome. The NNT should be adjusted for the baseline risk and treatment duration in individual patients.
Abstract 597: Occupational exposure to diesel engine exhaust and alternations in serum microRNAs
Authors: Wei Hu, Bryan A. Bassig, Yufei Dai, Dianzhi Ren, Huawei Duan, Yong Niu, Jun Xu, Wei Fu, Kees Meliefste, Baosen Zhou, Jufang Yang, Meng Ye, Xiaowei Jia, Tao Meng, Ping Bin, Jason YY Wong, Dean H. Hosgood, Nathaniel Rothman, Roel C. Vermeulen, Debra T. Silverman, Yuxin Zheng, Qing Lan
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Diesel engine exhaust (DEE) is a known lung carcinogen and may be associated with other tumors, however, the mechanisms of action by which DEE causes cancer is not well understood. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), which are small non-coding RNA molecules that play a role in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression, are altered in multiple tumors and have been observed to be differentially expressed in a variety of biospecimen types in smokers as well as in relation to short-term air pollution exposure. To evaluate whether serum levels of miRNAs are altered in healthy workers occupationally exposed to DEE, we analyzed samples collected in a cross-sectional molecular epidemiology study of diesel engine truck testing facility workers and comparable unexposed controls in China. A panel of 44 miRNAs were measured in 46 workers exposed to relatively high air levels of DEE and 45 controls using the Fireplex circulating miRNA assay (Abcam, Inc.), which profiles miRNAs directly from biofluids. The exposure-response relationship between categorical EC levels and each miRNA was analyzed by linear regression adjusted for age, body mass index, smoking status, current alcohol use and recent infection. We identified two miRNAs that showed a monotonic inverse exposure-response association with DEE: miR-191-5p and miR-93-5p. Levels of miR-191-5p in arbitrary units (A.U.) of fluorescence were 400.7, 333.0, 322.6, and 260.0 in controls and across increasing tertiles of EC, respectively (p for trend = 0.001, FDR = 0.05). Levels of miR-93-5p were 747.1, 713.7, 720.5, and 625.4 A.U. in controls and increasing tertiles of EC, respectively (p for trend = 0.008, FDR = 0.18). Both miRNAs have been reported to influence several biological processes important in carcinogenesis. Our results suggest that occupational exposure to DEE may affect circulating miRNAs in healthy workers. Citation Format: Wei Hu, Bryan A. Bassig, Yufei Dai, Dianzhi Ren, Huawei Duan, Yong Niu, Jun Xu, Wei Fu, Kees Meliefste, Baosen Zhou, Jufang Yang, Meng Ye, Xiaowei Jia, Tao Meng, Ping Bin, Jason YY Wong, Dean H. Hosgood, Nathaniel Rothman, Roel C. Vermeulen, Debra T. Silverman, Yuxin Zheng, Qing Lan. Occupational exposure to diesel engine exhaust and alternations in serum microRNAs [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 597.