tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Epidemiologic Assessment of the Role of Blood Pressure in Stroke
Authors: William B. Kannel
Journal: JAMA (1996)

Control of hypertension, labile or fixed, systolic or diastolic, at any age, in either sex appears to be central to prevention of atherothrombotic brain infarction (ABI). Prospectively, hypertension proved the most common and potent precursor of ABI's. Its contribution was direct and could not be attributed to factors related both to stroke and hypertension. Asymptomatic, causal "hypertension" was associated with a risk of ABI about four times that of normotensives. The probability of occurrence of an ABI was predicted no better with both blood pressure measurements or the mean arterial pressure than with systolic alone. Since there was no diminishing impact of systolic pressure with advancing age, the concept that systolic elevations are, even in the aged, innocuous is premature. Comparing normotensives and hypertensives in each sex, women did not tolerate hypertension better than men.
SOME POINTS IN PHYSICAL DIAGNOSIS
Journal: JAMA (1922)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Error in eFigure 1 in the Supplement
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2019)

Eric A. Latimer, PhD; Daniel Rabouin, MSc; Zhirong Cao, MSc; Angela Ly, MHA; Guido Powell, MSc; Carol E. Adair, PhD; Jitender Sareen, MD; Julian M. Somers, PhD; Vicky Stergiopoulos, MD; Andrew D. Pinto, MD; Erica E. M. Moodie, PhD; Scott R. Veldhuizen, PhD; for the At Home/Chez Soi Investigators
MEXICO
Journal: JAMA (1953)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue Access Provided by Sookmyung Women’s University JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account
Abstract 1100: A Novel Hybrid Of On-Pump Beating Heart Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Results Produces Significant Myocardial Injury Compared to Conventional Cardioplegic Arrest
Authors: Tammy J Pegg, Jane Francis, Theodoros Karamitsos, Zoe Maunsell, Ly-Mee Yu, Stefan Neubauer, David Taggart, Joseph B Selvanayagam
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Beating heart coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) improves early post-operative cardiac function in patients with at least moderate ventricular function but its effects in patients with significantly impaired ventricular function is uncertain. We compared a novel hybrid technique of on-pump beating heart (ONBEAT) to conventional cardioplegic arrest (ONSTOP) in CABG patients with impaired ventricular function using cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) and biochemical markers. In a single centre randomized trial, 50 patients with impaired ventricular function undergoing CABG were randomly assigned to ONBEAT or ONSTOP. Patients underwent CMR assessment for function and delayed hyperenhancement (HE) for irreversible injury pre-operatively and early post operatively; in addition serum was taken for cTn I and CKMB (0,1,6,24,48 and 120 hours) after surgery. Forty-five patients completed surgery with follow up imaging. Pre-operative characteristics were well matched except for a higher incidence of renal impairment in ONBEAT patients (glomerular filtration rate 58 versus 68 ml.min−1, p=0.02). Mean ± SD cardiac index (CI): ONBEAT 2.85±0.53 and ONSTOP 2.62±0.59L.min−1.m−2. After surgery both groups sustained minor changes to CI (4% reduction ONBEAT, p = 0.43 versus 1% increase ONSTOP, p = 0.97) without significant inter-group difference. The incidence of new HE was significantly higher in the ONBEAT group (p = 0.04) with 6/17 patients (35%) sustaining 8.2 ± 5.2 g of new HE each compared with 2/23 patients (9%) in the ONSTOP group each with 9.8 ± 9.0 g of new HE, p = 0.86. Furthermore serum markers of myocardial injury were higher in ONBEAT patients; median AUC for Troponin I 461[226 – 1141]μg/L versus 160[98 – 357]μg/L, p=0.002 and CKMB 862[499 – 1768]ng/mL versus 549[447–704]ng/mL p=0.004. The incidence of new irreversible myocardial injury was significantly higher in ONBEAT patients, although there was no effect on global cardiac function. Inadequate coronary perfusion in patients with severe proximal coronary disease and low cardiac output may render distal coronary territories ischemic in the absence of formal myocardial protection.
Reflecting on 80 years of excellence
Authors: U. Savla
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2004)

A small group of members of the American Society for Clinical Investigation began chatting in 1916 about the possibility of launching a new biomedical research journal. By October 1924, they managed to make the idea a reality with the publication of the first issue of the Journal of Clinical Investigation. Our 80th birthday seems an appropriate time to reflect on the history of biomedical science as it has been played out on our pages.
SOCIETY NEWS.
Authors: N. S. Davis
Journal: JAMA (1894)

<h3>International Medical Congress.</h3> —It is stated that about 200 American physicians will attend the International Medical Congress at Rome. There were over 600 at Berlin. <b>The Herkimer County (N. Y.) Medical Society</b>has elected the following officers: President, Dr. Cyrus Kay, Jr.; Secretary, Dr. A. W. Suiter; Treasurer, Dr. Graves. The other officers of last year were reëlected. <h3>Have Societies Named for Them.</h3> —The Philadelphia brethren are having a mild epidemic of new medical societies, named for favorites; they now have medical societies respectively named for Prof. Hobart A. Hare, Prof. L. Webster Fox, Prof. Wm. E. Ashton and Prof. Jas. M. Anders. <h3>Lancaster City and County Medical Society.</h3> —At the last meeting of the Lancaster (Pa.) City and County Medical Society an interesting paper was read by C. M. Franklyn, M.D. on " Fractures of the Skull." Cases were reported by Drs. Welchans, Brenholtz, Craig, Roebuck, Ziegler, and Miller. <h3>An</h3>
Bungles of documentation
Authors: B. L. Gordon
Journal: JAMA (1972)

Terminology → Nomenclature → Coding → Classification! The relationships of one facet of medical documentation and data handling to another are portrayed sequentially, as above. Similar interrelationships prevail in the fields of fundamental science and business. Accordingly, certain functions include data evaluations as in research, planning, and fiscal compensation. In medicine, the interests encompass determinations of quality of medical care, notably the effectiveness of diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. In the midst of apparent agreement, questions are posed: Are exactitudes altogether essential? Is the insistence on data composition as important to provider as to recipient? If not, why be disturbed when computers—like the Campbells—are coming? For automation per se might resolve intricacies without a touch of the human hand. Whether we cry "Hurray! hurray!" will depend on our faith in deus ex machina.<sup>1</sup> In another light, should we advocate ostrichism—bury our heads in the sand to avoid the challenge of
Reproductive toxicology. 4-Vinylcyclohexene.
Authors: Jerrold Heindel, Julia George, Patricia Fail, Thomas Grizzle
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1997)

4-Vinylcyclohexene (VCH) is used as the pecursor of vinylcyclohexene dioxide, a reactive diluent in epoxy resins, and has few reproductive data available in the open literature.VCH was tested for its effects on reproduction and fertility in Swiss CD-1 mice using the RACB protocol (Grizzle et al., Fundam Appl Toxicol 22:122-129 [1994]).Data from a 2-week dose-rangefinding study (Task 1) were used to set exposure concentrations for the Task 2 continuous cohabitation study at 100, 250, 500 mg/kg by gavage in corn oil.In the continuous cohabitation phase, four, one, one, and four mice died in the control through high dose groups, respectively.The causes of death were not consid- ered by the veterinarian to be related to VCH exposure.VCH did not reduce Fo mouse body
Platelet utilization in a university hospital
Authors: J. McCullough
Journal: JAMA (1988)

Two hundred forty-three patients received 22 717 U of platelets in our hospital during a three-month period. Those with hematologic diseases accounted for 43% of the patients but used 86% of the platelets. Sixty-eight percent of the transfusions were given to prevent bleeding and 32% were given to treat active bleeding. Ninety-two percent of therapeutic transfusions but only 22% of prophylactic transfusions met guidelines established by the Transfusion Therapeutics Committee of the University of Minnesota Hospital and Clinics, Minneapolis. However, 78% of prophylactic platelet transfusions that did not meet the guidelines involved patients with at least one clinical factor that their physicians believed placed them at an increased risk of bleeding. Following this analysis, the guidelines were modified and applied prospectively to requests for platelets. This resulted in a 14% decrease in the number of platelet units used during the following year. We conclude that published recommendations for platelet transfusions do not reflect the complex nature of many patients' conditions and that the use of guidelines developed by the medical staff can alter the use of platelet transfusions. (<i>JAMA</i>1988;259:2414-2418)
Abstract 025: Urine Angiotensinogen and Salt-Sensitivity of Blood Pressure: The GenSalt Study
Authors: Casey M Rebholz, Jing Chen, Qi Zhao, Dongfeng Gu, Jichun Chen, Jianxin Li, Jie Cao, Luis G Navar, L. L Hamm, Jiang He
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Urine excretion of angiotensinogen (AGT) has been proposed as a biomarker of intrarenal renin-angiotensin system activity, and therefore as a proxy for blood pressure regulation and sodium homeostasis. The association between urine levels of AGT and blood pressure response to dietary sodium intake has not been previously examined in the general population. We assessed the hypothesis that there is a direct relationship between urine levels of AGT and salt-sensitivity of blood pressure among participants of the Genetic Epidemiology Network of Salt Sensitivity (GenSalt) replication study. A 7-day low-sodium intervention, followed by a 7-day high-sodium intervention was carried out among 698 GenSalt-replication study participants from rural areas of north China. Absolute urine AGT excretion (μg/24 hours) and AGT-to-creatinine ratio (AGT/Cr, μg/g) were estimated at baseline for a random sample of 100 study participants. Nine blood pressure measurements were obtained at baseline and on the last three days of each intervention period. The absolute and percent changes in mean blood pressure from low-sodium to high-sodium intervention were used to assess salt-sensitivity. Median AGT and AGT/Cr were significantly (both p=0.01) reduced during the low-sodium intervention (AGT: 7.16 μg/24 hours, AGT/Cr: 8.36 μg/g) and increased during the high-sodium intervention (AGT: 8.84 μg/24 hours, AGT/Cr: 10.92 μg/g) compared to baseline (AGT: 8.28 μg/24 hours, AGT/Cr: 9.40 μg/g). Log-transformed AGT and AGT/Cr ratio at baseline was significantly and positively associated with blood pressure at baseline and at the end of each intervention. For example, one standard deviation higher log-transformed AGT/Cr ratio (1.2 μg/g) was associated with a 4.0 mm Hg (95% confidence interval: 1.3, 6.7) higher systolic blood pressure level at the end of the high-sodium intervention (p=0.004). One standard deviation higher log-transformed AGT/Cr ratio was associated with 1.58-times increased odds of high salt-sensitivity (≥5% change) of blood pressure (95% confidence interval: 1.00, 2.50; p=0.049). Log-transformed AGT/Cr ratio at baseline was positively associated with absolute and percent systolic blood pressure change from low- to high-sodium interventions (absolute: r=0.23, p=0.02; percent: r=0.20, p=0.047). In conclusion, elevated levels of urine AGT are associated with sodium-sensitivity of blood pressure. Augmentation of renal-angiotensin system activity may play an important role in the development of salt-sensitive hypertension.
Esophageal cancer, hyperkeratosis, and oral leukoplakia. Occurrence in a 25-year-old woman
Authors: S. B. Ritter
Journal: JAMA (1976)

A 25-YEAR-OLD woman was admitted to the hospital because of dysphagia. For six weeks she had experienced progressive lower retrosternal discomfort on swallowing. Two weeks before admission she began regurgitating food immediately after eating, at which time she could only eat soft food and liquids. There was no history of pyrosis, abdominal pain, esophagitis, or peptic ulcer disease, and the patient had not used alcohol or tobacco.<sup>1</sup>Although there was no family history of esophageal cancer, there was a history of hyperkeratosis in the father and in three of eight siblings, each of whom has offspring bearing this trait. Findings of a physical examination were unremarkable except for 0.5-cm hyperkeratotic nodules over her distal and proximal interphalangeal joints (tylositas articularis or knuckle pads) (Fig 1) and hyperpigmentation and hyperkeratosis (keratosis pilaris) on the upper parts of her arms. In addition, the patient had leukoplakia of the buccal mucosa. Routine
The Extra Pharmacopeia. Revised in accordance with the "British Pharmacopeia" in 1898.
Journal: JAMA (1898)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Error in Discussion
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2021)

Steven B. Heymsfield, MD; Laura A. Coleman, PhD, RD; Ram Miller, MD; Daniel S. Rooks, PhD; Didier Laurent, PhD; Olivier Petricoul, PhD; Jens Praestgaard, PhD; Therese Swan, PharmD; Thomas Wade, MD; Robert G. Perry, MD; Bret H. Goodpaster, PhD; Ronenn Roubenoff, MD, MHS
Authors' reply
Authors: M Wildman, C Sanderson
Journal: Thorax (2009)

Prognosis of patients with COPD admitted to the ICUWe read with interest the article by Wildman et al. 1 They have carried out an interesting study on patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or asthma admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU).The authors in their discussion state that their overall results may be least applicable to patients on long-term oxygen (LTO) and/or with low functional scores.Intubated patients with COPD on LTO constitute 10.4% of 394 intubated patients in this study.Only mortality results relating to this population are shown in this article.It would have been interesting to show results such as quality of life at 180 days.If deciding to intubate is difficult in patients with exacerbated COPD, it is more difficult in those patients on LTO.Clinicians tend to be pessimistic about survival and quality of life and they are very selective when admitting these patients.In 1999 we reported on a study 2 which focused on patients with exacerbated COPD on LTO who were mechanically ventilated.Mortality was higher than that reported by Wildman et al in this subgroup of patients: 35% (in ICU), 50% (in hospital), 75% (at 1 year) and 85% (at 5 years).Patients who died in hospital and in the first year after discharge had a lower forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV 1 ) than survivors.Although the study was carried out in a University tertiary hospital, the sample size was small (20 patients recruited in 2 years).Our paper is, to date, the only one which focuses on patients with COPD on LTO.The small sample size of patients with COPD on LTO, both in the series of Wildman et al and in our series, supports the statement about the selective criteria considered when admitting these patients.Therefore, how many patients are not admitted who could survive with an acceptable quality of life?In our experience, of the five survivors at 1 year, two had a good functional level previously and both had a functional status similar to that prior to the ICU admission.The mean age of the three patients alive at 5 years was 63.3 years, and one of them was independent.The cost per quality-adjusted life year was US$44.602.Obviously, we have no predictors to help us in the daily decision making regarding these patients although we agree that functional status in the period of stability and FEV 1 before ICU admission can be helpful.However, our decisions can only be supported by the experiences of small studies or data from studies with different main objectives.Therefore, results regarding these patients with severe COPD would be very welcome.
Renal vein thrombosis distal to patent splenorenal shunt
Authors: J. P. Parker
Journal: JAMA (1971)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Thrombosis of the portal system frequently complicates splenorenal shunts. Occasionally the renal vein is occluded with the shunt. We report a case with late thrombosis of the distal segment of the left renal vein but with the unusual feature of patency of the splenorenal shunt. <h3>Report of a Case.—</h3> A 55-year-old white man entered the hospital with a three-day history of pain in the left flank after lifting a heavy object. The patient had had a splenorenal shunt constructed 38 months earlier because of Laennec's cirrhosis. Two months before the present illness, when he had symptoms of urinary tract infection, the blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine concentrations and an excretory urogram were normal. Pyuria and bacteriuria due to<i>Escherichia coli</i>were treated with ampicillin. He was dehydrated and jaundiced, and had lost 11 lb since the previous admission. The liver was not enlarged. There was
Nitrate Contamination of Drinking Water: Evaluation of Genotoxic Risk in Human Populations
Authors: Jos C. S. Kleinjans, Harma J. Albering, Anita Marx, Jan M. S. van Maanen, Ben van Agen, Foppe ten Hoor, Gerard M. H. Swaen, Paul L. J. M. Mertens
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1991)
Health Effects of Indoor Odorants
Authors: James E. Cone, Dennis Shusterman
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1991)

People assess the quality of the air indoors primarily on the basis of its odors and on their perception of associated health risk. The major current contributors to indoor odorants are human occupant odors (body odor), environmental tobacco smoke, volatile building materials, bio-odorants (particularly mold and animal-derived materials), air fresheners, deodorants, and perfumes. These are most often present as complex mixtures, making measurement of the total odorant problem difficult. There is no current method of measuring human body odor, other than by human panel studies of expert judges of air quality. Human body odors have been quantitated in terms of the "olf" which is the amount of air pollution produced by the average person. Another quantitative unit of odorants is the "decipol," which is the perceived level of pollution produced by the average human ventilated by 10 L/sec of unpolluted air or its equivalent level of dissatisfaction from nonhuman air pollutants. The standard regulatory approach, focusing on individual constituents or chemicals, is not likely to be successful in adequately controlling odorants in indoor air. Besides the current approach of setting minimum ventilation standards to prevent health effects due to indoor air pollution, a standard based on the olf or decipol unit might be more efficacious as well as simpler to measure.