tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Oncology
Authors: Judith E. Karp
Journal: JAMA (1993)

Few individuals have had as much influence on our thinking about human heredity and development as the Austrian monk, Gregor Mendel. When we teach medical genetics, we are in effect updating Mendel's principles. According to Mendel, for autosomal genes, a gene is a gene is a gene; that is, all copies of a given gene are expressed equally. Although most of our observations regarding patterns of inheritance follow the principles of mendelian genetics, there is a growing list of discrete areas where observation diverges from expectation, ie, nonmendelian genetics come into play. With the advent of sophisticated molecular technology, we can dissect the origins and patterns of transmission of specific genes, adding an unprecedented dimension to our understanding of disease inheritance and the factors that determine net genomic expression. This may have special relevance for understanding the development of cancer, many forms which are not inherited in a straightforward manner
Diagnosis of lipoid pneumonia by computed tomography
Authors: P. S. Wheeler
Journal: JAMA (1981)

Computed tomography (CT) can establish the diagnosis of lipoid pneumonia in lung masses by detecting fat. In this case report, the diagnosis of lipoid pneumonia was first suggested by CT, supported by a long history of mineral oil ingestion, and confirmed by needle aspiration biopsy of the larger of two lung lesions and specific stains. In the future, the detection of fat in lung masses by CT will warrant intermittent follow-up by routine chest x-ray films. Needle aspiration biopsy or surgery would be needed only if a mass showed signs of growth. (<i>JAMA</i>1981;245:65-66)
A Randomised Comparison of Daunorubicin 90mg/m2 Vs 60mg/m2 in AML Induction: Results from the UK NCRI AML17 Trial in 1206 Patients
Authors: Alan K. Burnett, Nigel Russell, Robert K. Hills, Jonathan Kell, Jamie Cavenagh, Lars Kjeldsen, Mary Frances McMullin, Paul Cahalin, Mike Dennis, Donald Milligan, Richard E Clark
Journal: Blood (2014)
Abstract PR-003: Tumor-cell-intrinsic epigenetic factors underlie the heterogeneity of immune infiltration and response to immunotherapy in pancreatic cancer
Authors: Jinyang Li, Salina Yuan, Robert J. Norgard, Fangxue Yan, Robert H. Vonderheide, Andres Blanco, Ben Z. Stanger
Journal: Cancer Research (2020)

Abstract Resistance to immunotherapy is a major problem of current clinical care for cancer patients. While T cell abundance is essential for tumor responsiveness to immunotherapy, factors that dictate T cell infiltration in tumor microenvironments are not fully understood. To understand the tumor-cell-intrinsic factors underlying the heterogeneity of tumor immunity and sensitivity to immunotherapy, we established a new experimental system by generating a library of congenic pancreatic tumor cell clones from a genetic mouse model driven by mutant Kras and p53. These tumor cell clones robustly formed implanted tumors that recapitulated T-cell-inflamed and non-T-cell-inflamed tumor microenvironments, associated with distinct patterns of infiltration by T cells and myeloid cells. We found that the non-T-cell-inflamed phenotype was dominant over the T-cell-inflamed phenotype in the local tumor microenvironment. An integrated transcriptomic and epigenetic analysis revealed that tumor-cell-intrinsic expression of CXCL1, EPHA2 and PTGS2 as determinants of the non-T-cell-inflamed microenvironment, and ablation of tumor-cell-intrinsic CXCL1, EPHA2 or PTGS2 promoted T cell infiltration and sensitivity to a combination of chemotherapies, CD40 agonist, and checkpoint blockades. Similarly, we identified tumor cell-intrinsic epigenetic factor, USP22, as a key regulator of immune infiltration and immunotherapy response in pancreatic cancer. Ablation of tumor-cell-intrinsic USP22 enhanced T cell infiltration and suppressed myeloid cell infiltration in implanted pancreatic tumors as well as increased sensitivities of tumors to the combined immunotherapy. These results demonstrated that heterogeneity of tumor immune phenotypes is driven by tumor-cell-intrinsic factors, including epigenetic factors, that can be manipulated to influence the outcome of immunotherapies. Citation Format: Jinyang Li, Salina Yuan, Robert J. Norgard, Fangxue Yan, Robert H. Vonderheide, Andres Blanco, Ben Z. Stanger. Tumor-cell-intrinsic epigenetic factors underlie the heterogeneity of immune infiltration and response to immunotherapy in pancreatic cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Special Conference on Pancreatic Cancer; 2020 Sep 29-30. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(22 Suppl):Abstract nr PR-003.
Front-Line Chemo-Immunotherapy Rituximab-FC + Rituximab Maintenance in Patients with Untreated Advanced Stage Non Follicular Lymphoma (INFL): Preliminary Results of a Prospective Study of the Intergruppo Italiano Linfomi and Roche (ML18324).
Authors: Luca Baldini, Alessandro Pulsoni, Giuseppe Rossi, Umberto Vitolo, Enrica Morra, Barbara Olivero, Elena Cavalieri, Francesco Merli, Luigi Rigacci, Francesco Nobile, Lorella Orsucci, Maura Brugiatelli, Pellegrino Musto, Giorgio Lambertenghi Deliliers, Enrica Gamba
Journal: Blood (2008)
Taking Health Status Into Account When Setting Capitation Rates
Authors: Jinnet B. Fowles
Journal: JAMA (1996)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To compare performance of different health status measures for risk-adjusting capitation rates. <h3>Design.</h3> —Cross-sectional study. Health status measures derived from 1 year were used to predict resources for that year and the next. <h3>Setting.</h3> —Group-network health maintenance organization in Minnesota. <h3>Participants.</h3> —Sample of 18- to 64-year-old (n=3825) and elderly (aged ≥65 years; n=1955) members enrolled in a network-model health maintenance organization in Minnesota. <h3>Main Outcome Measures.</h3> —Total expenditures in the year concurrent with the health status survey (July 1991 through June 1992) and total expenditures in the year following the survey (July 1992 through June 1993). <h3>Results.</h3> —Capitation adjustment based on demographic measures performed least well. Both self-reported health status measures and diagnoses predicted future expenditures twice as well as demographics. When predicting costs for groups of patients rather than individuals, the demographic model worked well for average groups but tended to overpredict healthier groups and underpredict sicker groups. Ambulatory Care Groups based on diagnoses performed better than self-reported health status both in the retrospective models and across healthier and sicker groups. <h3>Conclustion.</h3> —Without risk adjustment, capitation rates are likely to overpay or underpay physicians for certain patient groups. It is possible to improve prediction using health status measures for risk adjustment. When selection bias is suspected and administrative data are available, we recommend a risk-adjustment method based on diagnostic information. If diagnostic data are not available, we recommend a system based on simple self-reported measures, such as chronic conditions, rather than complex functional status measures.
Impact of proximity to NCI- and NCCN-designated cancer centers on outcomes for patients with prostate cancer undergoing radical prostatectomy.
Authors: Cameron Ghaffary, Tamer Dafashy, Christopher David Kosarek, Zhigang Duan, Brian F. Chapin, Karim Chamie, Simon P. Kim, Justin Edwin Fang, Preston Kerr, Karen E. Hoffman, Sharon Hermes Giordano, Eduardo Orihuela, Stephen Bentley Williams
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)
Penetrating abdominal wounds. Rationale for exploratory laparotomy
Authors: E. E. Moore
Journal: JAMA (1985)

ESCALATION of civilian violence in our nation (<i>Time</i>, March 23, 1981, pp 16-21) continues to make physical trauma the leading cause of death in persons up to 38 years of age.<sup>2</sup>Life-threatening penetrating wounds to our President, the Pope, and countless innocent citizens provide the rationale to discuss the management of such injuries in a journal representing multiple specialty interests. During the ensuing decade since the review by Freeark,<sup>1</sup>considerable attention has been directed toward indications for celiotomy after a penetrating abdominal wound. This report summarizes these recent trends. <h3>Historical Notes</h3> Nonoperative management of penetrating abdominal wounds prevailed from the first recordings of medical history until the late 19th century. J. Marion Sims of Brooklyn, who is considered the first advocate of celiotomy for penetrating wounds, espoused this concept before the New York Academy of Medicine in 1881. Later in the same year, President James A. Garfield died of
Libri
Authors: G. Lukàcs, Miguel A. Leibovich, Herman Musaph, W.H.G. Wolters, Salvatore V. Ambrosino, D. Birnbaum, F. Karmeli, A. Braun, D.G. Brown, Haim Dasberg, R. Deberdt, J. van Hooren, W. Amery, Nicholas Destounis, H. van Dijl, Donald L. Dudley, Thomas H. Holmes, Paul P. van Arsdel, jr., Gilberto de Araujo, A. Kaplan De-Nour, J.W. Czaczkes, Aman U. Khan, Mauricio Knobel, Peter Moldenhauer, Peter E. Sifneos, A.C.P. Sims, Hiroyuki Suematsu, Nobuo Kurokawa, Hajime Tamai, Yujiro Ikemi, G.J. Tucker, E.W. Campion, P.A. Kelleher, P.M. Silberfarb, William W.K. Zung, Hallie M. Coppedge, Robert L. Green, jr.
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1974)
Role of Nitric Oxide in Hematosuppression and Benzene-Induced Toxicity
Authors: Debra L. Laskin, Diane E. Heck, Chitra J. Punjabi, Jeffrey D. Laskin
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1996)

It is becoming increasingly apparent that nitric oxide plays a multifunctional role in regulating inflammatory processes in the body.Although nitric oxide and its oxidation products are cytotoxic toward certain pathogens, they can also cause tissue injury and suppress proliferation.Cytokines and growth factors released at sites of inflammation or injury stimulate both immune and nonimmune cells to produce nitric oxide.Nowhere in the body is this more detrimental than in the bone marrow, for the continuous production of hematopoietic precursors is essential for normal blood cell maturation.Our laboratories have discovered that, in response to inflammatory mediators, bone marrow cells readily produce nitric oxide.Nitric oxide production is enhanced by hematopoietic growth factors including interleukin-3, macrophage colony stimulating factor, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor.When bone marrow cells produce nitric oxide, hematopoiesis is impaired, an effect that is potentiated by colony-stimulating factors.Treatment of mice with benzene, which suppresses bone marrow cell development, was found to markedly enhance the ability of bone marrow cells to produce nitric oxide in response to inflammatory mediators alone and in combination with hematopoietic growth factors.Taken together, these data suggest that nitric oxide may be an important mediator of benzene-induced bone marrow suppression.
Transferrin and the Absorption of Iron
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Epithelial and Extracellular Matrix Injury in Quartz-Inflamed Lung: Role of the Alveolar Macrophage
Authors: Kenneth Donaldson, Geraldine M. Brown, David M. Brown, Joan Slight, Xiao Yang Li
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1992)

The bronchoalveolar leukocytes from quartz-inflamed lung were separated into macrophage-enriched and neutrophil-enriched populations on density gradients. Neutrophil-enriched populations showed the greatest activity in causing injury to epithelial cells and fibronectin in vitro. Inflammatory macrophage-enriched populations from quartz-exposed lung had the ability to cause fibronectin degradation but could not cause detachment injury to epithelial cells over and above that caused by control alveolar macrophages. Fibronectin damage in vivo could be an important factor in disordering the connective tissue scaffold of the lung, thereby favoring fibrosis. In vitro quartz stimulated more production of cytokines by alveolar macrophages than the inert particulate titanium dioxide. Cytokines could be important in upregulating adhesion molecules in the membranes of lung cells in vivo; this process could aid leukocyte/lung cell contact, allowing epithelial injury to be expressed, and could also be a factor leading to pathological change.
Neoadjuvant PD-1 Blockade in Resectable Lung Cancer; Nivolumab and Ipilimumab in Advanced Melanoma; Overall Survival with Combined Nivolumab and Ipilimumab in Advanced Melanoma; Prolonged Survival in Stage III Melanoma with Ipilimumab Adjuvant Therapy; Combined Nivolumab and Ipilimumab or Monotherapy in Untreated Melanoma; Combined Nivolumab and Ipilimumab or Monotherapy in Untreated Melanoma; Nivolumab and Ipilimumab versus Ipilimumab in Untreated Melanoma; Rapid Eradication of a Bulky …
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2018)

Correction from The New England Journal of Medicine — Neoadjuvant PD-1 Blockade in Resectable Lung Cancer; Nivolumab and Ipilimumab in Advanced Melanoma; Overall Survival with Combined Nivolumab and Ipilimumab in Advanced Melanoma; Prolonged Survival in Stage III Melanoma with Ipilimumab Adjuvant Therapy; Combined Nivolumab and Ipilimumab or Monotherapy in Untreated Melanoma; Combined Nivolumab and Ipilimumab or Monotherapy in Untreated Melanoma; Nivolumab and Ipilimumab versus Ipilimumab in Untreated Melanoma; Rapid Eradication of a Bulky Melanoma Mass with One Dose of Immunotherapy; Genetic Basis for Clinical Response to CTLA-4 Blockade; Genetic Basis for Clinical Response to CTLA-4 Blockade in Melanoma; Nivolumab plus Ipilimumab in Advanced Melanoma; Safety and Tumor Responses with Lambrolizumab (Anti–PD-1) in Melanoma; Hepatotoxicity with Combination of Vemurafenib and Ipilimumab
A Vigorous Protest.
Journal: JAMA (1903)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Site of injection for vaccination.
Authors: M. Henley
Journal: BMJ (1992)

Score on general health questionnaire related to serum cholesterol concentration in men and women* Mean (SD) score on general health Serum questionnaire cholesterol (mmol/l) Men Women <3 2 22 27 (7 00) (n=ll) 33-43 (19 03) (n=7) 3-2-4 2 23-65 (10 25) (n=71) 2195 (11 12) (n=64) >4 2 21-50 (8 21) (n=40) 25 00 (12-22) (n=81)*Data not available for some patients.and questionnaire scores, but a subgroup of women-namely, those with low cholesterol concentrations (lowest 5% of the population)-had significantly poorer mental health as indicated by their questionnaire scores (p < 0 04).Although we found a significant relation only in the women, these data support the suggestion that low cholesterol concentrations may be associated with altered mood.The difference between the sexes was unexpected as the impact of changes induced by diet or drugs has tended to be studied in men, and Lindberg and colleagues found an association between cholesterol and suicide only in men.' Our study, however, was of subjects younger than those in similar studies.Our finding, in a relatively small sample, suggests that use of similar psychological methods, rather than the rate of suicide, may allow this topic to advance more rapidly.Our data suggest that particular attention should be directed at those with low cholesterol values.
Orthopedist is pioneer in prosthetic design
Journal: JAMA (1979)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Gamma-Glutamyl Transpeptidase-to-Platelet Ratio is an Independent Predictor of Hepatitis B Virus-Related Liver Cancer
Authors: Y.E. Park, S.U. Kim, B.K. Kim, J.Y. Park, D.Y. Kim, S.H. Ahn, K.-H. Han, S. Han, M.Y. Jeon, J.Y. Heo
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2016)
Balance between oxidative damage and proliferative potential in an experimental rat model of CCl4-induced cirrhosis: Protective role of adenosine administration.
Authors: R Hernandez-Munoz
Journal: Hepatology (1997)

Oxidative stress and its consequent lipid peroxidation (LP) exert harmful effects, which have been currently involved in the generation of carbon tetrachloride-induced cirrhosis. However, the recent report that "physiological" LP can be associated with liver regeneration (LR) makes it necessary to discriminate between oxidative stress-induced and LR-associated LP. In rats rendered cirrhotic by continuous CCl4 administration for 4 weeks, moderate cell necrosis and fine fatty infiltration were found. The histological abnormalities were accompanied by increased LP, mainly accounted for by the microsomal and cytosolic fractions and evidence of oxidative stress (decreased hepatic glutathione content and changes in xanthine oxidase and pentose phosphate pathway activities). After 8 weeks, a micronodular cirrhosis developed, but oxidative stress was greatly attenuated, only persisting in the enhanced LP confined to microsomes. Simultaneous administration of adenosine, a reliable hepatoprotector that readily prevents the onset of liver fibrosis, was able to block the oxidative stress induced by the long-term CCl4 treatment but elicited a selective subcellular distribution of increased LP, similar to that found during LR. The adenosine-induced changes in liver LP (mainly in the nuclear fraction) correlated with an increased activity of thymidine kinase. Therefore, data suggest that adenosine-mediated preservation of energy availability and mitochondrial function could participate in preventing the onset of oxidative stress in cirrhotic rats. The latter could induce a successful liver recovery, curtailing the sequence of events leading to fibrogenesis. (Hepatology 1997 Nov;26(5):1100-10)
Ocular cicatricial pemphigoid occurring as a sequela of Stevens-Johnson syndrome
Authors: L. S. Chan
Journal: JAMA (1991)

Ocular cicatricial pemphigoid is a chronic scarring inflammation of the ocular mucosae that can lead to blindness. Although cicatricial pemphigoid has been classified clinically, histopathologically, and immunopathologically, no definite initiating factor or precipitating factor has been identified. In this report, we describe five cases of ocular cicatricial pemphigoid that developed following an acute episode of severe ocular inflammatory injury secondary to Stevens-Johnson syndrome. The time lag between the onset of Stevens-Johnson syndrome and cicatricial pemphigoid ranged from a few months to 31 years. All five patients had linear immune deposits characteristic of cicatricial pemphigoid along the basement membrane zone of mucosal biopsy specimens as detected by either direct immunofluorescence microscopy or direct immunoperoxidase staining. In two patients whose serum was tested, a Western blot assay taken of keratinocyte antigens that had undergone electrophoresis reacted with the serum and identified a 120-kd epidermal antigen detected by the IgG class antibodies. All five patients were treated with systemic immunosuppressive therapy for cicatricial pemphigoid, and we obtained objective responses. Severe ocular mucosal injury such as that which occurs in Stevens-Johnson syndrome may be a precipitating factor in the development of ocular cicatricial pemphigoid. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1991;266:1543-1546)
Practical Neurology
Authors: Kenneth R. Magee
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Attempts to simplify neurology are commendable. Although many efforts often fail, this text is an exception. It may be accused of all the shortcomings of a small book: incompleteness, omission of many diseases, and a dogmatic approach based primarily on the author's personal experience. However, several features of the book are excellent, and as a result may attract an audience larger than that achieved by most abbreviated texts. Despite its opinionated nature (common to texts where all viewpoints are not expressed), the book is very well written and practical. The author's lucid style renders it pleasurable reading rather than a chore. Controversial assertions, including, "Muscle biopsy by ordinary techniques is of limited value... When clinical doubt exists the changes in the muscle are also usually impossible to interpret," and "The EMG is also at its most reliable when least needed," will not endear this text to proponents of these techniques.