tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of pathologic and genomic characteristics in male breast cancer (MBC) patients.
Authors: Damien Mikael Hansra, Eugene R Ahn, John Edward McKnight, Haritha Pabbathi, Cynthia Lynch, Pamela A. Crilley, Ankur Rasik Parikh, Sramila Aithal, Amber Moran, Rebecca Rollins, Daniel W. Nixon, Maurie Markman, Ricardo H. Alvarez
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2019)

1098 Background: MBC is a rare entity comprising less than 1% of breast cancers [Siegel RL 2017]. Due to the low incidence of MBC, information about the genomic landscape of MBC is lacking. Here we describe detailed pathologic and genomic characteristics of MBC patients. Methods: IRB approval was obtained for a retrospective analysis of archived pathology on patients treated at Cancer Treatment Centers of America. Comprehensive genomic profiling of tumors was derived from Foundation One next generation sequencing. Clinical information was derived from retrospective chart review. Inclusions: adult males with breast cancer with stage IV metastatic disease. Exclusions: Females, stage 0-IIIC disease, missing genomic and pathology information. Results of clinical, pathology and genomic data were summarized. Results: 10 patients met study criteria. Median age: 56 yrs., range 39-61 yrs. Race: 5/10 (50%) Caucasian, 5/10 (50%) African American. Number of prior treatment regimens: mean = 2.6 (range 0-6). Intrinsic subgroup: hormone receptor (HR)+/ HER2- 7/10 (70%), HR+/ HER2+ 2/10 (20%), HR-/ HER2+ 1/10 (10%), triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) 0/10 (0%). Tumor histology: invasive ductal carcinoma 10/10 (100%). Histology grade: poorly differentiated (diff.) 4/10 (40%), moderate diff. 4/10 (40%), well diff. 1/10 (10%), unknown 1/10 (10%). Biopsy site: primary tumor 4/10 (40%), metastatic site 4/10 (40%), liquid biopsy 1/10 (10%). Most frequent genomic alterations: PIK3CA 5/9 (56%), CCND1 4/9 (44%), ZNF703 3/9 (33%), FGF4 3/10 (33%), GATA3 3/9 (33%) FGF 19 3/9 (33%), FGF3 3/9 (33%) Alterations in FGF seen 14/38 (36.8%) of total genomic alterations. Most frequent alterations by primary tumor: ZNF703 3/4 (75%), FGF3 2/4 (50%), FGFR1 2/4 (50%), CCND1 2/4 (50%), FGF19 2/4 (50%), FGF4 2/4 (50%); by metastatic site: PIK3CA 4/5 (80%), GATA 3 2/5 (40%), CCND1 2/5 (40%), FGF3 1/5 (20%), FGF19 1/5 (20%), FGF4 1/5 (20%). Genomic alteration by histologic subgroup; HR+ HER2- PIK3CA 3/6 (50%), CCND1 3/6 (50%), FGF4 3/6 (50%), ZNF703 3/6 (50%), FGF19 3/6 (50%), FGF3 3/6 (50%); HR+/ HER2+: PIK3CA 2/2 (100%), CCND1 1/2 (50%), GATA3 1/2 (50%), MLL3 1/2 (50%); TNBC: BRCA2 1/1 (100%), BARD1 1/1 (100%). Microsatellite status was stable in 6/6 (100%) of patients. Conclusions: MBC patients display a heterogeneous variety of complex genomic alterations. Mutations in FGF genes were most commonly observed. Other common alterations seen in this series include PIK3CA, CCND1, ZNF703, and GATA3. Furthermore, the genomic profile of primary tumor site differed from the genomic profile of the metastatic site.
Differential effects of nitric oxide synthase inhibitors in an &lt;I&gt;in vivo&lt;/I&gt; allergic rat model
Authors: M.K. Tulic´, J.L. Wale, P.G. Holt, P.D. Sly
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2000)

The in vivo role of nitric oxide in inflammatory cell migration, vascular permeability and the development of hyperresponsiveness to methacholine (MCh) was studied in rats 24 h following ovalbumin (OVA) challenge. The NO synthase (NOS) inhibitors N(G)-mono-methyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA; nonselective), aminoguanidine (two-fold inducible NOS-selective), N(omega)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME; 2000-fold endothelial cell NOS-selective) or S-methyl-L-thiocitrulline (100-fold neuronal NOS-selective) were administered (100 mg x kg(-1) s.c.) to OVA-sensitized Piebald-Virol-Glaxo rats on 3 consecutive days during which they were challenged with allergen (1% OVA). Responses to inhaled MCh were measured in anaesthetized animals 24 h after OVA challenge. Cellular inflammation and vascular permeability were assessed using bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid collected 30 min after administration of Evans blue (50 mg x kg(-1) i.v.). OVA challenge in sensitized animals induced hyperresponsiveness to MCh, inflammatory cell influx and increased leakage of Evans blue into the BAL fluid (n=9, p&lt;0.001). Aminoguanidine was effective in inhibiting the allergen-induced cellular influx and microvascular leakage (n=9, p&lt;0.001) without altering responses to MCh. This effect was reserved by L-arginine. L-NAME (n=5, p&lt;0.01) and S-methyl-L-thiocitrulline (n=6, p&lt;0.001) further potentiated the allergen-induced hyperresponsiveness without altering cellular inflammation. L-NMMA attenuated both the OVA-induced cellular influx and Evans blue leakage (n=8, p&lt;0.001) as well as further potentiating the hyperresponsiveness to MCh (p&lt;0.05). From these studies, it is suggested that, in allergic Piebald-Virol-Glaxo rats, nitric oxide production by inducible nitric oxide synthase plays a role in the migration of inflammatory cells and increase in vascular permeability following allergen challenge, whereas nitric oxide produced by the constitutively expressed neuronal nitric oxide synthase limits hyperresponsiveness to methacholine.
The criteria for operability and resectability in lung cancer
Authors: E. E. Clifton
Journal: JAMA (1966)

The establishment of criteria for treatment of carcinoma of the lung, especially operability and resectability, is particularly difficult because of the rapid progress in the field of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery and anesthesia. What would have been well accepted criteria of inoperability 15 to 20 years ago no longer hold, and those of today may be in doubt in a few years. Criteria also vary from group to group, among individual surgeons, and, indeed, for the same surgeon from time to time depending on his recent experience. Everyone has seen cases refused surgery at one institution or even within the same institution patients operated on by another surgeon, resected, and apparently cured at least for the accepted five or ten years. The reverse is equally true of the patient who is in good health, who seems to have an early lesion that is almost certainly resectable, and who is found
Manuscripts Approved for JNCI, April 15 to May 15, 1962
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1962)

Journal Article Manuscripts Approved for JNCI, April 15 to May 15, 1962 Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 28, Issue 6, June 1962, Pages 1453–1454, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/28.6.1453-a Published: 01 June 1962
Chemical Constituents of Peppers (Piper spp.) and Application to Food Preservation: Naturally Occurring Antioxidative Compounds
Authors: Nobuji Nakatani, Reiko Inatani, Haruko Ohta, Atsuko Nishioka
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1986)

In a structure analysis of the compounds of the genus Piper (Family Piperaceae), we identified five phenolic amides from Piper nigrum, seven compounds from P. retrofractum, and two compounds from P. baccatum. All the phenolic amides possess significant antioxidant activities that are more effective than the naturally occurring antioxidant, alpha-tocopherol. One amide, feruperine, has antioxidant activity as high as the synthetic antioxidants, butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT). Naturally occurring antioxidants, therefore, may surpass BHA and BHT in their ability to inactivate mutagens in food.
ANALGESIA FROM COCAINIZATION OF THE SPINAL CORD.
Journal: JAMA (1900)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
ETHICAL ADVERTISING.
Journal: JAMA (1883)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Therapeutic embolization with detachable silicone balloons. Early clinical experience
Authors: R. I. White
Journal: JAMA (1979)

A recently developed percutaneous transcatheter technique for selectively occluding arteries with detachable silicone balloons was applied in four patients. Uncontrollable hemorrhage from carcinoma of the cervix was controlled by selective uterine artery occlusion in one patient. Life-threatening hemorrhage from cystic fibrosis in another patient was controlled by balloon occlusion of a bronchial artery. A patient with hypernephroma and another with right ischial fibrous histiocytoma each had preoperative occlusion of the arteries supplying the neoplasms to reduce operative blood loss and to obviate the need for surgical ligation of the internal iliac artery in the latter patient. Detachable balloon embolization techniques represent a nonoperative method for permanently occluding arteries without the risks of inadvertent embolization. (<i>JAMA</i>241:1257-1260, 1979)
The brain
Authors: P. J. Ell, K. E. Britton
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1991)

It is interesting to reflect on the present growth of radionuclide brain scanning. Not so many years ago, and in particular in the mid-1970s, after the peak effect of X-ray computed tomography (CT) brain scanning, radionuclide brain studies significantly declined in frequency and clinical importance. Now, after a decade, radionuclide studies of the brain have gained renewed interest.KeywordsRegional Cerebral Blood FlowTransient Ischaemic AttackDiethylene Triamine Pentaacetic AcidTransient Ischaemic AttackImpaired Cerebral Blood FlowThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
The frequency distribution of intraocular pressure by age and sex groups
Authors: M. Kashgarian
Journal: JAMA (1966)

The intraocular pressures of 9,461 persons are given by age-sex groups. Constants which describe the frequency distribution of intraocular pressure have been calculated by total number of eyes examined as well as by the higher pressure value of each patient. Intraocular pressures as measured by the Schiøtz tonometer do not have a normal (gaussian) distribution. The shape of the frequency-distribution curve of intraocular pressure also changes slightly as the population ages. These changes are discussed in relation to glaucoma screening with the Schiøtz tonometer. Precise screening levels for diagnostic referral are difficult to achieve with the present design of the Schiøtz tonometer.
Incorrect Table Categories.
Journal: JAMA (1997)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Randomized comparison of adjuvant tamoxifen (Tam) versus no hormonal treatment for premenopausal women with node-positive (N+), early stage breast cancer: first results of International Breast Cancer Study Group Trial 13–93
Authors: M. Colleoni, S. Gelber, R. Snyder, S. B. Holmberg, M. Fey, B. Thuerlimann, J. Lindtner, M. Byrne, C. Mendiola, A. S. Coates
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

532 Background: The value of 5 years of Tam in premenopausal women with breast cancer and its benefit according to endocrine responsiveness of the tumor has not been completely defined. Methods: Between 1993 and 1999, IBCSG Trial 13–93 enrolled 1246 (planned sample size, 1225) premenopausal women with N+, early stage breast cancer. All patients (pts) received chemotherapy (ACx4 cycles followed by immediate or delayed classical CMFx3 cycles) to be followed by Tam (20 mg daily) for 5 years or no hormonal therapy. The primary endpoint was disease-free survival (DFS). Estrogen receptor (ER) content was determined locally by immunohistochemistry (IHC) for 56% of pts and ligand-binding assay (LBA) for 44%. Tumors were classified as ER-absent if IHC expression=none or LBA=0 fmol/mg cytosol protein; ER-low if IHC=negative or borderline or LBA=1–9 fmol/mg cytosol protein; and ER-positive otherwise. Results: 735 (59%) pts had ER-positive disease. 61% had 1–3 N+, 42% had tumors ≤ 2 cm, 11% had grade 1 and 40% had grade 2 tumors, and the median age was 44 years. Tam provided significantly longer DFS compared with no Tam for the pts with ER-positive tumors. Pts with ER-low tumors obtained an intermediate benefit from Tam and pts with ER-absent tumors may have experienced a detrimental effect of Tam. The test for trend was significant (p=0.002). Conclusions: Tam significantly improved prognosis in premenopausal patients with endocrine responsive disease. It should not be considered as adjuvant therapy in patients with ER-absent tumors. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Iatrogenic foreign bodies of the urinary bladder
Authors: K. R. Herwig
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Retention of ruptured fragments of catheter in the urinary bladder occurs infrequently. Three cases were seen in a six-month period. Diagnosis depends upon observation and awareness that the catheter has ruptured. Removal at endoscopy is the treatment of choice although prevention is best accomplished by the use of new catheters.
Physician must rely on remote-duty corpsman when patient is deep in, or far across, sea
Authors: C. Raymond
Journal: JAMA (1989)

EVEN IF a shore-based physician wanted to make one, house calls to a submarine are not permitted during its tour of duty. And even on surface ships, "although we're not hidden from anybody, we may not want to advertise our exact position [by calling on a physician]," says CDR Steve Warlick of the Naval Undersea Medical Institute (NUMI), Groton, Conn. Nonetheless, even the hardiest sailor can fall ill or be injured. Enter the independent duty corpsman. He tackles one of the most demanding medical assignments in the military, steering a course between the unrelenting medical and health care responsibilities to fellow crew members aboard ship and the dictates of a consulting physician based on land. <h3>Independent Duty Corpsmen</h3> The Groton institute is the training site for independent duty corpsmen. About 75 men receive instruction each year to assume duties on ballistic missile and attack submarines. The exacting training includes qualifying
Functional differences between hepatocytes and biliary epithelial cells in handling polymeric immunoglobulin A2 in humans, rats, and guinea pigs
Authors: S Sakisaka, K Gondo, M Yoshitake, M Harada, M Sata, K Kobayashi, K Tanikawa
Journal: Hepatology (1996)

Immunoglobulin A (IgA) in bile plays an important role in preventing the biliary tract from infection. In the present study, to clarify the functional differences between hepatocytes and biliary epithelial cells (BEC) in handling polymeric IgA2 (pIgA2), the major and important IgA in bile, we have determined in different species the binding characteristics of 125I–labeled pIgA2 to tissue sections of human, rat, and guinea pig livers. We have also examined the binding and transport features of 125I–labeled and gold–labeled pIgA2 in cultured hepatocytes and cultured BEC of rat and guinea pig. Asialofetuin, an asialoglycoprotein, or an antisecretory component antibody was used for determining the binding characteristics of pIgA2 to the cells. Grains of 125I–pIgA2 were morphometrically analyzed. In tissue sections, 125I–pIgA2 was predominantly bound to rat hepatocytes as well as to human and guinea pig BEC. The binding of 125I–pIgA2 to the cells was significantly inhibited by pretreatment with an antisecretory component (SC) antibody ( P &lt; .001), but not by preloaded asialofetuin. In cultured cells, labeled pIgA2 was observed binding predominantly to rat hepatocytes and guinea pig BEC as compared with rat BEC and guinea pig hepatocytes (both P &lt; .001), respectively, and gold particles of gold–labeled pIgA2 were localized in the tubulovesicular structures and biliary luminal spaces of those cells. These results suggested that pIgA2 was bound selectively to hepatocytes in the rat liver, and to BEC in the human and guinea pig livers, through the SC but not through an asialoglycoprotein receptor, and was transported transcellularly and secreted into bile.
Use of Procalcitonin Assays to Predict Serious Bacterial Infection in Young Febrile Infants—Reply
Authors: Karen Milcent, Vincent Gajdos
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Pediatrics HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Pediatrics journal
Minority patient reported attitudes regarding tissue donation and participation in cancer research.
Authors: Davendra Sohal, Paola Raska, Samir Abraksia, Sherry Wilson, Jennifer J. Griggs, Alok A. Khorana
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

6558 Background: Minority populations are underrepresented in biospecimen banks created for cancer research, which has implications for future therapeutic approaches. Patients’ reluctance to donate biospecimens is perceived to be a potential barrier but is poorly studied. We present interim analyses of a survey to assess attitudes in a patient cohort comprised of racial/ethnic minorities. Methods: Patients filled out a validated 23-item survey [ J Cancer Educ, 2014. 29: p. 580-7] for this prospective cohort study approved by the Cleveland Clinic IRB. Surveys were provided in the outpatient oncology clinic of a Cleveland Clinic community hospital. Eligibility requirements included tissue diagnosis of any solid tumor malignancy in non-curative setting; age ≥ 18 years, ECOG PS 0-2, self-reported race/ethnicity as any other than non-Hispanic White, undergoing cancer therapy in the next 30 days. Data are presented for the first 90 patients surveyed in 2015-2016. Results: Median age was 69 years (range, 35-92). Only 24 (27%, 1 missing) had been asked to donate samples in the past; of those, 20 (83%) had donated. The majority (n = 60, 67%) were willing to donate samples. A higher proportion (75%) responded as being likely to donate samples if they learned more about the research and reasons for sample donation. A smaller proportion was likely to donate samples if they received money (30%) or health services (40%) in return. Many (55-73%) disagreed with negative statements such as, “I will be treated as a guinea pig,” and only (3-4%) disagreed with trust statements such as, “I trust sample banks/medical researchers/procedures.” However, 42% endorsed being “concerned that something like the Tuskegee study could happen again.” Conclusions: The majority of racial and ethnic minority patients in this study were willing to donate biospecimens for research, with an even greater likelihood of participation if appropriate rationales were provided. While systemic mistrust persists, the vast majority trusted medical researchers and procedures. Our findings suggest that underrepresentation of minorities in cancer biospecimen repositories, not likely attributable to patient reluctance, must be addressed to achieve health equity.