tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
INJURY RATE AND INJURY PATTERN AMONG ELITE WORLD CUP SNOWBOARDERS: A 6-YEAR COHORT STUDY
Authors: D Major, SE Steenstrup, T Bere, R Bahr, L Nordsletten
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2014)

Background There is limited knowledge on the injury rate and injury pattern in the different disciplines among elite snowboarders. Objective The aim of this study was to describe and compare the injury rate and injury pattern among the different International Ski Federation (Fédération Internationale de Ski, FIS) World Cup (WC) snowboard disciplines. Methods We conducted retrospective interviews with FIS WC snowboard athletes at the end of each season in the period 2007–2012, to register all acute injuries sustained during training or competition during the competitive season requiring attention by medical personnel. To calculate the exposure, we obtained information from result lists from the FIS competition database for all WC competitions for each of the interviewed athletes. Results We registered a total of 574 injuries among 1432 athletes, accounting for an overall injury rate of 40.1 injuries/100 athlete/season. A total of 171 injuries occurred during the FIS WC competitions, corresponding to 6.4 injuries/1000 runs. During competition, injury risk was highest in snowboard cross with 11.9/1000 runs, followed by 6.3 in halfpipe, 3.6 in big air and 2.8 in parallel giant slalom/parallel slalom (PGS/PSL). Snowboard cross also had the highest risk of severe injuries (&gt;28 days absence). No differences in injury risk were detected between male and female snowboarders. The most commonly injured body part was the knee (17.8%), followed by the shoulder/clavicle (13.4%) and head/face (13.2%). The risk of knee injury (the most common injury type) and head injury was significantly higher in snowboard cross and halfpipe compared to PGS/PSL. Conclusions The risk of injuries was higher in snowboard cross than in halfpipe, big air and PGS/PSL. The most commonly injured body part was the knee. Prevention of snowboard injuries among elite snowboarders should focus on knee injuries, severe injuries and snowboard cross athletes.
Sacrococcygeal teratoma in a neonate. Association with maternal use of acetazolamide
Authors: F. Worsham
Journal: JAMA (1978)

ACETAZOLAMIDE, a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, has well-established teratogenic potential in rats, hamsters, and mice.<sup>1,2</sup>According to a July 17, 1975, letter from L. Lizabeth Monroe, MD, of the Lederle Laboratories, Pearl River, NY, there is only one known case of an infant with congenital anomalies (including congenital glaucoma, microophthalmia, and patent ductus arteriosus) born to a mother treated throughout pregnancy with acetazolamide. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 22-year-old woman, gravida 2, para 0, abortus 1, was admitted to the National Naval Medical Center at 27 weeks' gestation, with spontaneous rupture of the membranes. The patient had had glaucoma since an episode of bilateral uveitis at age 13 years. She had been treated with acetazolamide, 750 mg daily, continuously since that time and had required enucleation of the left eye at age 17 years. Acetazolamide therapy was discontinued at 19 weeks' gestation. Other medications were ones without known teratogenic effects
Neurosurgical Pathology
Journal: JAMA (1949)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 15173: Empowering Human Cardiac Progenitor Cell-mediated Repair of Injured Myocardium by Overexpressing P2Y14 Nucleotide Receptor
Authors: Farid El-Sayed, Jonathan Nguyen, Mark Sussman
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Heart failure is a leading cause of death in the US due to the limited capability of adult mammalian heart to regenerate following injury. Autologous stem cell therapy holds promise for regeneration of injured myocardium after myocardial infarction. However, stem cells derived from diseased organs exhibit impaired proliferation and migration and increased susceptibility to cell death. Empowering stem cells from diverse origins, including cardiac progenitor cells (CPCs), with pro-survival genes has been attempted. Despite the well-established roles of purinergic signaling mediated by extracellular nucleotides in regulating diverse cellular responses in cardiovascular diseases, it has not been well-defined in CPCs. Our preliminary data show, for the first time, that the majority of P2 purinergic receptors are expressed in human CPCs (hCPCs) isolated from patients undergoing left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation surgery. The G protein-coupled UDP-sugar-sensing P2Y14 receptor (P2Y14R) has been shown to stimulate keratinocyte proliferation and migration, neutrophil and hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) chemotaxis in addition to increasing HSC resistance to stress-induced senescence. We aim to determine whether P2Y14R plays similar regenerative roles in cardiac tissue where the P2Y14R-mediated physiological responses haven’t been previously addressed. Our preliminary data show that the P2Y14R selective agonist UDP-Glucose enhances hCPC proliferation, migration and survival. Interestingly, hCPCs that exhibit relatively slower growth kinetics and enhanced senescence show a dramatic decrease in P2Y14R expression compared to fast-growing hCPCs consistent with our hypothesis that overexpressing P2Y14R participates in rejuvenating hCPCs and improving their growth capabilities. This hypothesis will be tested in vivo by determining whether P2Y14R overexpression in hCPCs improves their reparative potential for injured mouse myocardium. Mechanistically, we show for the first time that UDP-Glu induces downstream activation of YAP linking the extracellular nucleotides released during cardiac ischemia to extracellular matrix sensing and Hippo signaling that have been recently implicated in cardiac regeneration.
Very Long Term Outcome of Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia After Treatment with All Trans Retinoic Acid and Chemotherapy: The European APL Group Experience.
Authors: Lionel Ades, Agnes Guerci, Emmanuel Raffoux, Miguel Sanz, Patrice Chevallier, Simona Lapusan, Christian Recher, Xavier Thomas, Chelo Rayon, Sylvie Castaigne, Olivier Tournilhac, Stephane de Botton, Norbert Ifrah, Jean-Yves Cahn, Eric Solary, Claude Gardin, Nathalie Fegeux, Dominique Bordessoule, Augustin Ferrant, Sandrine Meyer, Norbert Vey, Herve Dombret, Laurent Degos, Sylvie Chevret, Pierre Fenaux
Journal: Blood (2009)
The frequency of druggable targets in localized prostate cancer: Initial analysis from the Decipher GRID.
Authors: Elai Davicioni, Nicholas Erho, Mandeep Takhar, Hussam Al-Deen Ashab, Penelope J. Wood, Mohammed Alshalalfa
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

e16547 Background: Prostate cancers patient management has been enhanced with several commercially available genomic prognostic tests such as the Decipher prostate cancer classifier. These tests are useful for making local therapy treatment decision-making. In addition to being the most validated predictor of metastasis in prostate cancer, Decipher is also a genome-wide assay that measures the expression of many druggable targets. Methods: Decipher GRID (Genomic Resource Information Database), was queried to assess the expression patterns of 14 genes from 5 biological pathways (Table 1) in 1,850 patients from previously published Decipher validation studies. The frequency of high (or low) expression of each gene was ascertained using a standard and more conservative thresholds based on the median absolute deviation (MAD) metric. For the standard threshold, genes whose high expression is of clinical relevance, patients with gene expression above the median + 1.48*MAD were annotated as high expression and for genes whose low expression is of clinical relevance, patients with gene expression below the median - 1.48*MAD were annotated as low expression. For the conservative threshold, median ± 2*1.48*MAD was used Results: See table. Conclusions: Since every patient who has received the Decipher test also has a genome-wide expression profile, the Decipher GRID will allow researchers to evaluate on a systematic population-level the expression of genes that may be targeted with existing therapies. Such information may be useful for selection of optimal systemic therapy and inclusion into clinical trials of novel targeted agents. Gene Pathway High/Low Expression Assoc. Clinical Significance Frequency (%) Standard Threshold Conservative Threshold Ki67 Proliferation High 12 2.2 TOP2A High 13 4.8 AR Androgen Signaling Low 2 0 KLK2 Low 11 1.6 KLK3 Low 7 0.1 CCND1 Neuroendocrine Low 4 0 CHGA High 14 3.4 PD1 Immune Checkpoint High 7 0.5 PDL1 High 12 2.3 B7H3 High 9 1 MET Growth Factor Receptors High 10 2.1 EGFR High 11 1.3 HER2 High 10 1.5 VEGFR2 High 11 2
WOMAN'S AUXILIARY
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Medical Education.
Authors: John H. Rauch
Journal: JAMA (1890)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —I notice the articles in regard to medical education inThe Journal. Those editorials, so far as their influence upon the action of this Board is concerned, are of no weight; the Board will not recede from its position. When the time comes the Board will increase its requirements. The rule of three courses of lectures before graduation is already assured of general observance. You have doubtless noticed, too, that by the new law of the State of New York, which goes into effect September, 1891, examinations of medical students will not be held unless candidates have first taken three annual courses of lectures. Such legislation, and support from colleges and medical men, encourages the Board to maintain a strict adherence to its requirements, as published. Very truly yours, Springfield, Ill., July 2, 1890.
Heroin
Authors: W. H. Osborn
Journal: BMJ (1955)

Saquinavir exhibits paradoxical transport across modified Caco-2 cell monolayers (doi: 10.1124/jpet.103.056390) expressing P-glycoprotein and Cyp3A4. The data implicate complicated intracellular transport mechanisms. Drawing on recent discrete event modeling and simulation advances, we built an in silico analog of the confluent, asymmetric cell monolayer used in the cited work. We call it in silico experimental Caco-2 (cell monolayer) culture (ISECC). Concrete, working, hypothesized spatial mechanisms were implemented. Validation was achieved when in silico experimental results met similarity measure (SM) expectations that targeted 16 wet-lab experimental conditions. Initial mechanistic hypotheses turned out to be necessary parts of a more complicated explanation. We progressed through four stages of an iterative refinement and validation protocol that enabled and facilitated discovery of plausible, new mechanistic details. The process exercised abductive reasoning, a primary means of scientific knowledge creation and creative cognition. The ISECC that survived the most stringent SM challenge produced transport data that was statistically indistinguishable from referent wet-lab observations. It required a 7:1 ratio of apical transporters to metabolizing enzymes, a 97% reduction of efflux activity by an inhibitor, a biased distribution of metabolizing enzymes, heterogeneous intracellular spaces, and restrictions on intracellular drug movement. Experimenting on synthetic analogs such as ISECC provides a former unavailable means of discovering new mechanistic details and testing their plausibility. The approach thus provides a powerful new expansion of the scientific method: an independent, scientific means to challenge, explore, better understand, and improve any inductive mechanism and, importantly, the assumptions on which it rests.
Recommendations for epidemiological studies on COPD
Authors: P.S. Bakke, E. Rönmark, T. Eagan, F. Pistelli, I. Annesi-Maesano, M. Maly, M. Meren, P. Vermeire, J. Vestbo, G. Viegi, J. Zielinski, B. Lundbäck
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

The prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has been extensively studied, especially in Western Europe and North America. Few of these data are directly comparable because of differences between the surveys regarding composition of study populations, diagnostic criteria of the disease and definitions of the risk factors. Few community studies have examined phenotypes of COPD and included other ways of characterising the disease beyond that of spirometry. The objective of the present Task Force report is to present recommendations for the performance of general population studies in COPD in order to facilitate comparable and valid estimates on COPD prevalence by various risk factors. Diagnostic criteria in epidemiological settings, and standardised methods to examine the disease and its potential risk factors are discussed. The paper also offers practical advice for planning and performing an epidemiological study on COPD. The main message of the paper is that thorough planning is worth half the study. It is crucial to stick to standardised methods and good quality control during sampling. We recommend collecting biological markers, depending on the specific objectives of the study. Finally, studies of COPD in the population at large should assess various phenotypes of the disease.
Flame-shaped retinal hemorrhages in sarcoidosis
Authors: C. P. Quock
Journal: JAMA (1967)

A patient with systemic sarcoidosis was found to have flame-shaped hemorrhages in the retina. To our knowledge, this is the second such case reported in the literature. Regression was noted to occur during treatment. When flame-shaped retinal hemorrhages are visualized, sarcoidosis should be considered as a possible cause in addition to diabetes, hypertension, and blood dyscrasias.
Progression of subcellular changes during chemical hypoxia to cultured rat hepatocytes: A laser scanning confocal microscopic study*1, *2
Authors: G ZAHREBELSKI
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in the subcellular organelles of cultured hepatocytes by laser scanning confocal microscopy during chemical hypoxia with cyanide and iodoacetate, inhibitors of mitochondrial respiration and glycolysis, respectively. Parameter-specific fluorophores used were calcein for cell topography and membrane permeability, rhodaminedextran for lysosomes, rhodamine 123 and tetramethylrhodamine methylester (TMRM) for mitochondrial membrane potential (ΓΨ) and propidium iodide for loss of cell viability. During the first 30 to 40 minutes of chemical hypoxia to cultured hepatocytes, numerous surface blebs formed and cell volume increased, but ΓΨ decreased relatively little. Subsequently, the nonspecific permeability of mitochondrial membranes increased, and mitochondria depolarized. These events were followed a few minutes later by disintegration of individual lysosomes. After a few more minutes, viability was lost as indicated by bleb rupture, gross plasma membrane permeability to calcein, and nuclear labeling with propidium iodide. Thus, the following sequence of intracellular events occurred during chemical hypoxia: adenosine triphosphate (ATP) depletion, bleb formation with cellular swelling, onset of a mitochondrial permeability transition, disintegration of lysosomes, plasma membrane failure from bleb rupture, and cell death. Any explanation of the pathophysiology of hypoxic injury must take into account this unique sequence of events.
Phase II study of combination human recombinant GM‐CSF with intermediate‐dose cytarabine and mitoxantrone chemotherapy in patients with high‐risk myelodysplastic syndromes (RAEB, RAEBT, and CMML): An Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Study
Authors: John M. Bennett, Mary S. Young, Jane L. Liesveld, Elisabeth Paietta, Kenneth B. Miller, Hillard M. Lazarus, Robert D. Marsh, William R. Friedenberg, Hussain T. Saba, F. Ann Hayes, Gordon W. Dewald, Wolfgang Hiddemann, Jacob M. Rowe
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2001)

A Phase II study of GM-CSF with intermediate-dose cytarabine and mitoxantrone was conducted in patients with high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome. It was designed to evaluate if priming with growth factor could increase the efficiency of chemotherapy. In this older population only two of 10 patients achieved a bone marrow CR, including one patient whose leukemic blasts had an “S” phase increase of 2.55× at 48 hr. Unexpected hepatotoxicity was noted. This regimen cannot be recommended for this elderly population of patients. Am. J. Hematol. 66:23–27, 2001. © 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
SPECIAL TRAIN OF THE JOURNAL.
Journal: JAMA (1893)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Combination of theophylline and prostaglandin E<sub>1</sub>as inhibitors of the adjuvant-induced arthritis syndrome in rats
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1978)

The effects of daily subcutaneous administration of prostaglandin E1 (PGE,), theo- phylline, and of both drugs together were studied on the Freund's adjuvant-induced inflammatory and arthritic syndrome in rats.In the doses used, neither drug affected the acute inflammatory response in the adjuvant-treated paw, but together they caused marked inhibition.Chronic inflam- mation in the contralateral (nontreated) hind paws was slightly inhibited by each drug and combined treatment resulted in marked inhibition.The drugs also counteracted splenomegaly in adjuvant- diseased rats and their effects on spleen weight paralleled the inhibition of chronic inflammation.Arthritic lesions, as judged by x-rays of tibiotarsal joint destruction in the nontreated paws, were partially prevented by PGE1 alone, but not by theophylline.The combined treatment entirely prevented these joint lesions.PGE1 did not cause an increase in adrenal weight, but enhanced the effect of theophylline on adrenal weight.Only PGE1 improved gait in arthritic rats, simultaneous theophylline treatment having little additional effect.Other workers have found that PGE1 increases intracellular cAMP and that this effect is enhanced by the phosphodiesterase inhibitor, theophylline.We propose that the anti-inflammatory and anti- arthritic effects of combined drug treatment involve cAMP changes in phagocytic cells at the site of tissue injury and in systemic lymphocytes.Exogenously administered E-type prostaglandins (PGE) in high doses have been shown to suppress adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats (Aspinall and Cammarata, 1969; Zurier and Quagliata, 1971; Glenn and Rohloff, 1972; DiPasquale et al., 1973; Zurier et al., 1973).In vitro, PGE increased the level of cyclic 3', 5'-adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) in leucocytes and this effect was associated with inhibited release of lysosomal enzymes from phago- cytic cells (Scott, 1970; Weissmann, 1972; Weissmann et al., 1976; Lichtenstein et al., 1972).It has been sug- gested that such a cAMP-mediated effect is one of the mechanisms underlying the anti-inflammatory effect of PGE on adjuvant arthritis (Zurier et al., 1973).Evidence that PGE-induced elevation of leuco- cytic cAMP in vitro is enhanced by the simultaneous addition of the phosphodiesterase inhibitor, theo- phylline (Bourne et al., 1972, 1974), supports this.We therefore decided to examine the influence of
DENTAL EDUCATION.
Journal: JAMA (1900)

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Diffuse Gallium-67 Uptake in Radiation Pneumonitis
Authors: MASAAKI KATAOKA, MASASHI KAWAMURA, NORIFUMI UEDA, HISAO ITOH, ATSUSHI IIO, KEN HAMAMOTO
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1990)

KATAOKA, MASAAKI M.D.; KAWAMURA, MASASHI M.D.; UEDA, NORIFUMI M.D*; ITOH, HISAO M.D.; IIO, ATSUSHI M.D.; HAMAMOTO, KEN M.D. Author Information