tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
RELATION OF CONSTIPATION TO INTESTINAL INTOXICATION
Journal: JAMA (1922)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 4501: Loss of miR-21 delays myc-driven prostate cancer progression in the hi-myc transgenic mouse model
Authors: Kenji Zennami, Fatima Rafiqi, Ross Liao, Kim Sealover, Brian Simons, Makoto Sumitomo, Ryoichi Shiroki, Shawn Lupold
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Introduction and Objectives: MicroRNA 21 (miR-21) is overexpressed in virtually all types of cancers including prostate cancer (PCa). We have previously reported that the androgen receptor (AR) induces miR-21 expression, and that elevated miR-21 is sufficient to drive PCa growth and castration resistance. However, the role of miR-21 in PCa initiation and progression has not been fully elucidated. To determine if the absence of miR-21 inhibits or delays prostate cancer incidence or progression, we crossed miR-21 KO mice with Hi-Myc mice. In this study, we identify that loss of miR-21 delays Myc-driven prostate cancer progression in the Hi-Myc transgenic mouse model. Methods: miR-21 KO mice were backcrossed to FVB mice to generation F10. Resulting miR-21 WT or KO FVB progeny were crossed with Hi-Myc mice to generate Hi-Myc/miR-21 WT or KO mice. Prostates were harvested at 4 weeks (n=10), 3 months (n=10), 5 months (n=58), 6 months (n=25), 8 months (n=20) of age and prostate weight, histology, miR-21 expression levels and protein expression levels were quantified. Proliferation and apoptosis were examined by immunohistochemistry using Ki-67 and cleaved caspase-3. Results: Cancerous prostates of Hi-Myc mice showed high miR-21 expression at 5m and 8m, when compared to FVB controls, suggesting high miR-21 expression in the Myc-driven prostate cancer. Hi-Myc/miR-21 KO mice demonstrated a marked reduction in adenocarcinoma when compared to Hi-Myc/miR-21 WT mice at 5m. This is apparent in the reduced weight of effected prostate lobes of Hi-Myc/miR-21 KO versus WT mice at 8m. Protein levels of established miR-21 target genes, PDCD4 and PTEN, were up-regulated in the prostates of Hi-Myc/miR-21 KO mice. Also, IHC showed lower Ki-67 and higher cleaved caspase-3 positive cells in miR-21 KO than WT. However, miR-21 KO did not affect prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) development. Conclusions: Our results demonstrate that miR-21 delays Myc-driven prostate cancer progression through reduced proliferation and enhanced apoptosis, and that endogenous miR-21 suppresses prostatic PDCD4 and PTEN protein expression levels. Therefore, targeting of miR-21 or its downstream target genes may be useful for cancer prevention or cancer therapy. Citation Format: Kenji Zennami, Fatima Rafiqi, Ross Liao, Kim Sealover, Brian Simons, Makoto Sumitomo, Ryoichi Shiroki, Shawn Lupold. Loss of miR-21 delays myc-driven prostate cancer progression in the hi-myc transgenic mouse model [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 4501.
Oxidation of tetrahydrobiopterin leads to uncoupling of endothelial cell nitric oxide synthase in hypertension
Authors: Ulf Landmesser, Sergey Dikalov, S. Russ Price, Louise McCann, Tohru Fukai, Steven M. Holland, William E. Mitch, David G. Harrison
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2003)

Tetrahydrobiopterin is a critical cofactor for the NO synthases, and in its absence these enzymes become “uncoupled,” producing reactive oxygen species (ROSs) rather than NO. In aortas of mice with deoxycorticosterone acetate–salt (DOCA-salt) hypertension, ROS production from NO synthase is markedly increased, and tetrahydrobiopterin oxidation is evident. Using mice deficient in the NADPH oxidase subunit p47phox and mice lacking either the endothelial or neuronal NO synthase, we obtained evidence that hypertension produces a cascade involving production of ROSs from the NADPH oxidase leading to oxidation of tetrahydrobiopterin and uncoupling of endothelial NO synthase (eNOS). This decreases NO production and increases ROS production from eNOS. Treatment of mice with oral tetrahydrobiopterin reduces vascular ROS production, increases NO production as determined by electron spin resonance measurements of nitrosyl hemoglobin, and blunts the increase in blood pressure due to DOCA-salt hypertension. Endothelium-dependent vasodilation is only minimally altered in vessels of mice with DOCA-salt hypertension but seems to be mediated by hydrogen peroxide released from uncoupled eNOS, since it is inhibited by catalase. Tetrahydrobiopterin oxidation may represent an important abnormality in hypertension. Treatment strategies that increase tetrahydrobiopterin or prevent its oxidation may prove useful in preventing vascular complications of this common disease.
Erratum
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1997)

Erratum: “Cofactors With Human Papillomavirus in a Population-Based Study of Vulvar Cancer,” by Madeleine et al. [J Natl Cancer Inst 1997;89:1516-23 (Issue 20)]. On page 1519, the last category in column 1 of Table 3 should read HSV2 and not HPV2. In addition, in the Notes section on page 1523, M. E. Hagensee, and not M. E. Madeleine, was supported by a Physician's Training grant from Howard Hughes Medical Center. The Journal regrets the errors.
Immunohistochemical detection of chloride/bicarbonate anion exchangers in human liver
Authors: E Martínez-Ansó
Journal: Hepatology (1994)

Sodium-independent Cl−/HCO3− exchange activity has been observed in isolated rat hepatocytes and intrahepatic bile duct epithelial cells, where it is involved in intracellular pH regulation and, possibly, biliary bicarbonate secretion. Monoclonal antibodies to the membrane domain of human chloride/bicarbonate anion exchanger proteins, AE1 and AE2, were prepared so that we might determine by immunohistochemical methods the presence and location of these antiporters in the human liver. To obtain the antibody against AE1, we immunized mice with injections of washed human erythrocytes. The selected monoclonal antibody was found to be specific for the 17-kD proteolytic membrane fragment of AE1 protein. The antibody to AE2 was produced with a 14-mer synthetic peptide, whose sequence corresponds specifically to amino acid residues 871 to 884 in the deduced primary structure of human kidney AE2 protein. When the monoclonal antibody to AE2 peptide was employed for the immunohistochemical study of liver specimens (by both immunofluorescence and immunoperoxidase), a clearly defined staining was present at the canalicular membrane of hepatocytes, as well as the luminal side of the membrane of bile duct epithelial cells from small and medium-sized bile ducts. No staining was observed in the liver parenchyma with the monoclonal antibody to AE1, which instead strongly decorated the erythrocytes in liver blood vessels. We conclude that AE2 immunoreactivity is present in human liver, where it localizes very specifically to the membrane regions, which appear most probably involved in the transport of bicarbonate to bile (i.e., the canalicular membrane of hepatocytes and the apical side of epithelial cells of small and medium bile ducts). (HEPATOLOGY 1994;19:1400–1406.)
EXTH-56. AROMATASE EXPRESSION IN HIGH GRADE GLIOMAS: A POTENTIAL NEW TARGET FOR THERAPY
Authors: Nimita Dave, Vidula Sengaonkar, Lionel M.L. Chow, Ady Kendler, Kathleen LaSance, Pankaj Desai
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2016)

The prognosis for patients with malignant gliomas remains dismal and novel therapeutic agents are urgently needed. We investigated the potential role of aromatase (CYP19A1), an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of androgens to estrogens in peripheral tissues, as a target for the treatment of CNS malignancies, as well as brain disposition and anti-tumor efficacy of letrozole, an aromatase inhibitor. Two recent discoveries from our lab have immediate clinical import. First, we analyzed the expression of aromatase in 67 human biopsy samples obtained from the University of Cincinnati Cancer Institute Tumor bank. De-identified frozen tissue samples (containing at least 50 % tumor cells, confirmed by H&E staining) were obtained. These included low grade (LGGs) and high grade gliomas (HGGs) [astrocytomas (N=12), oligodendrogliomas (N=10), ependymomas (N=4), glioblastoma multiforme (GBM, N=18)], meningiomas (N=7) and normal brain sections (N=6). The tissues were analyzed for aromatase expression employing immunohistochemistry. HGGs (N=35) had markedly higher aromatase expression (> 50%) relative to LGGs (N=19). It is important to note that all the GBMs (N=21) showed high CYP19A1 expression, whereas the normal tissues and meningiomas had negligible expression. Secondly, letrozole, a widely used aromatase inhibitor in the treatment of ER+ breast tumors in post-menopausal women exhibited excellent brain and brain tumoral penetration and anti-tumor efficacy (assessed using µPET/CT) in rats orthotopically implanted C6 malignant glioma cells. Furthermore, glioma- bearing rats (N = 10) treated with letrozole (4 mg/Kg; i.p. injections) had long term suppression with overall survival exceeding 65 days and no signs of overt toxicity. In contrast, control untreated rats (N=6, 2ml/kg vehicle i.p. injections) developed significant morbidity/mortality in 15-20 days. Overall, our studies strongly suggest that aromatase is a new “druggable target” for treatment of HGGs and that letrozole can potentially be readily used for this purpose.
Methaqualone abuse implicated in injuries, deaths nationwide
Authors: E. R. Gonzalez
Journal: JAMA (1981)

To X o youthful drug users, the seductive white tablets represent "luding out." They promise a "high" superior to that offered by barbiturates, a drunk without the impotence or the hangover, an aphrodisiacal experience. While these properties of methaqualone—known by the US trade name Quaaludes or, in street-parlance, "ludes"—are probably largely mythical, the ill effects of methaqualone abuse are as real as the "luded" adolescents now arriving at hospital emergency rooms and at morgues in record numbers. These youngsters present with life-threatening toxicity from overdosage, fatal personal injury, or a severe withdrawal syndrome that can progress to convulsions. Methaqualone is now the leading drug of abuse next to marijuana, notes Gene Haislip, director, Office of Compliance and Regulatory Affairs, US Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA). In terms of causing injuries, he adds, the drug is now outstripping even heroin and cocaine on the illicit market in 13 major cities throughout the
Say 'Ah!'
Authors: Lola M. Armstrong
Journal: JAMA (1983)

How long has it been since a doctor has asked anyone to "stick out your tongue and say 'ah!' "? Three quarters of a century ago when I was a small child, this diagnostic procedure seemed to be all that was necessary to solve problems of my interior. The family doctor would look thoughtful, hem and haw a few times, and then say "I thought so." It usually ended with my getting some vile-tasting tonic or, horror of horrors, a dose of castor oil! Did Mother take me to a pediatrician? Heavens no! In our rural community I doubt that anyone had ever even heard the word to say nothing of having seen one. The family doctor who had ushered me into the world was also stuck with me as a patient from then on. But I believe in progress, and as medical technology moved forward, somehow I usually seemed to
The T Cell Receptor As A Multicomponent Signaling Machine: Cd4/Cd8 Coreceptors And Cd45 In T Cell Activation
Authors: C. Janeway
Journal: Annual Review of Immunology (1992)

Exhausted CD8 T (Tex) cells are a distinct cell lineage that arise during chronic infections and cancers in animal models and humans. Tex cells are characterized by progressive loss of effector functions, high and sustained inhibitory receptor expression, ...Read More
Zika Virus Strikes French Polynesia
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Authors' Reply
Authors: Crystal Farrington, Michael Allon
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2020)

In our paper[1][1] “Early predictors of arteriovenous fistula maturation: A novel perspective on an enduring problem,” we demonstrated a linear relationship between the preoperative arterial diameter and arteriovenous fistula (AVF) maturation. Our finding is novel given that, in much of the
Osteoclastic Metabolism of 25(OH)-Vitamin D3: A Potential Mechanism for Optimization of Bone Resorption
Authors: Masakazu Kogawa, David M. Findlay, Paul H. Anderson, Renee Ormsby, Cristina Vincent, Howard A. Morris, Gerald J. Atkins
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (2010)

The extrarenal synthesis of 1α,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25D) has been demonstrated in a number of cell types including osteoblasts and cells of the monocyte/macrophage lineage. The skeleton appears responsive to serum levels of the 1,25D precursor, 25 hydroxyvitamin D3 (25D), in terms of bone mineralization parameters. The effect of metabolism of 25D into active 1,25D by osteoclast lineage cells is unknown. We found that CYP27B1 mRNA expression increased with exposure of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) to macrophage colony-stimulating factor in the presence or absence of receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand. Consistent with this, human osteoclast cultures incubated with 25D produced measurable quantities of 1,25D. Osteoclast formation from either mouse RAW264.7 cells or human PBMCs in the presence of physiological concentrations of 25D resulted in significant up-regulation of the key osteoclast transcription factor, nuclear factor of activated T cells-1 in PBMCs and a number of key osteoclast marker genes in both models. The expression of the osteoblast coupling factor, ephrin-b2, was also increased in the presence of 25D. Levels of CYP27B1 and nuclear factor of activated T cells-1 mRNA correlated during osteoclastogenesis and also in a cohort of human bone samples. CYP27B1 short-hairpin RNA knockdown in RAW264.7 cells decreased their osteoclastogenic potential. 25D dose dependently reduced the resorptive capacity of PBMC-derived osteoclasts without compromising cell viability. 25D also reduced resorption by RAW264.7- and giant cell tumor-derived osteoclasts. Conversely, osteoclasts formed from vitamin D receptor-null mouse splenocytes had increased resorptive activity compared with wild-type cells. We conclude that 25D metabolism is an important intrinsic mechanism for optimizing osteoclast differentiation, ameliorating osteoclast activity, and potentially promoting the coupling of bone resorption to formation.
A System of Practical Therapeutics.
Journal: JAMA (1892)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Unexpected Abrupt Increase in Left Ventricular Assist Device Thrombosis
Authors: J. Eduardo Rame, Pavan Atluri, Michael A. Acker
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2014)

pump thrombosis is changing, but we agree that it should be monitored and reported.Goldstein et al. summarize the key findings reported in our article and noted, as we have, that pump thrombosis is a complex, multifactorial condition.Our ongoing investigation to identify key factors contributing to pump thrombosis will include the important variables they have identified.We agree that routine monitoring of LDH after LVAD implantation is a valuable clinical biomarker to identify pump thrombosis.
Aortoesophageal Fistula
Authors: Lynn A. Smaha
Journal: JAMA (1978)

COMMUNICATIONS between aortic aneurysms and the bronchial tree are believed to be related to pulsatile pressure phenomena that, if uncorrected, result in death. With the introduction of prosthetic grafts and surgical treatment of aortic aneurysms, aortogastrointestinal fistulas are a rare complication. Cases of communications between an aortic graft and the bronchial tree also have been reported previously.<sup>1,2</sup>To our knowledge, this is the first report of communication between the esophagus and thoracic aorta after replacement of a descending thoracic aortic aneurysm with a synthetic graft. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 58-year-old man had been treated for hypertension since age 53 years. He was examined at age 55 years because of an episode of chest pain. Three years later, thoracic aneurysm was suspected when angiography was attempted unsuccessfully. The patient was referred to us in November 1975; he underwent successful resection of a thoracic aortic aneurysm and replacement with a
<i>QuickStats</i>: Percentage* of Adults Aged 18–64 Years With a Usual Place for Medical Care,† by Race/Ethnicity§ — National Health Interview Survey, 2010 and 2015¶
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2016)

From 2010 to 2015, there was an increase in the percentage of Hispanic adults (66.1% to 74.5%), non-Hispanic white adults (83.3% to 85.1%), non-Hispanic black adults (77.1% to 82.4%), and non-Hispanic Asian adults (79.5% to 83.3%) aged 18-64 years who had a usual place to go for medical care. In 2010, non-Hispanic white adults aged 18-64 years were the most likely to have usual place to go for medical care, but there was no significant difference between non-Hispanic white and non-Hispanic Asian adults in 2015. In both 2010 and 2015, Hispanic adults aged 18-64 years were the least likely to have a usual place to go for medical care.
A Text-Book of Gynecology.
Journal: JAMA (1931)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Collagen Provides Clues to Diagnose Spread of Cancer to Lymph Nodes
Journal: JAMA (1979)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal