tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Football Injuries
Journal: JAMA (1978)

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BLAND AND THE "METROPOLITAN MEDICAL COLLEGE."
Journal: JAMA (1900)

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PALILALIA AND GERTRUDE STEIN
Journal: JAMA (1934)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Quantitative importance of biliary excretion to the turnover of hepatic lysosomal enzymes
Authors: Akira Nakano, David L. Marks, Pamela S. Tietz, Piet C. De Groen, Nicholas F. Larusso
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

The turnover rate of an individual protein is a function of the rates of synthesis and loss of that protein. For most intracellular proteins, loss occurs through digestion by lysosomal or cytosolic proteases. Although a significant proportion of hepatic lysosomal enzymes is released from the hepatocyte by excretion into bile, the contribution of biliary excretion to the turnover of hepatic lysosomal enzymes has never been measured. Thus, we used in vivo pulse-labeling to determine the half-lives of two hepatic hydrolases, β-galactosidase (β-gal) and β-glucuronidase (β-glu). Each enzyme was purified by immunoisolation from hepatic lysosomes that were isolated at various times after injection of rats with &lt;3&gt;H-labeled leucine. The decay curves for the specific radioactivities of β-gal and β-glu were used to calculate the half-lives of the proteins, which were 3.8 and 5.1 days, respectively. To determine the percent of total hepatic contents of each enzyme that was lost per day by biliary excretion, we collected bile from bile fistula rats for 24 hours and then used radioimmunoassays to quantitate the amounts of β-gal and β-glu in bile and liver samples of the same rats. We found that ˜4% of the total hepatic contents of both β-gal and β-glu was excreted into bile per day. Finally, we used these data to calculate that 31% and 41% of hepatic losses of β-gal and β-glu, respectively, were due to biliary excretion. These results suggest that extracellular release through biliary excretion is a major mechanism contributing to the turnover of lysosomal hydrolases. (Hepatology 1995; 22:262-266.)
Semaine des Hôpitaux de Paris
Journal: JAMA (1965)

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Abortion
Authors: Jerrold V. Larson
Journal: JAMA (1972)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The authors have failed to note the most obvious reason for the differences which appeared. This is the fact that the women interviewed and tested prior to abortion were all desirous of obtaining an abortion by reason of their mental health, and in the follow-up evaluation this motivation was no longer present. Evidence for this is seen in the average Minnesota multiphasic personality inventory (MMPI) scores which are shown in graphic form in the article. Comment was made on the significant reduction in six of the clinical scales, but there was no mention of the significant reduction which appeared in the F scale. This scale is generally considered to be an indication of the number of false statements made on the test. It is also certainly inconsistent to state that improvement in the MMPI scores of 19 women "confirmed the clinical impression that... the abortion had been
Reply
Authors: Xu Yang, Xiao‐peng Tang, Yong‐hong Zhang, Kai‐zhong Luo, Yong‐fang Jiang, Hong‐yu Luo, Jian‐hua Lei, Wen‐long Wang, Ming‐ming Li, Han‐chun Chen, Shi‐lin Deng, Li‐ying Lai, Jun Liang, Min Zhang, Yi Tian, Yun Xu
Journal: Hepatology (2016)

Potential conflict of interest: Nothing to report. We sincerely appreciate the comments and questions raised by Sintusek and Dhawan regarding our article.1 Based on our findings, we recommended that an entire core of liver biopsy sample with more than 1 mg dry weight should be used for hepatic copper determination. However, the coefficient of variation (CV) of the hepatic copper measurement was not significantly different between subgroups classified by dry weight of the liver, although there was a trend. Sintusek and Dhawan questioned the rationality of our recommendation and present data showing that estimation of liver copper is reliable in children with Wilson's disease (WD) even when the liver biopsy sample size is less than 1 mg. The copper concentration in the liver of a normal human newborn contains roughly 6‐8 times that of an adult, and this concentration falls to the adult value, approximately 30 µg/g of dry tissue, within 6 months and varies little throughout life.2 However, the amount of liver copper in WD patients after birth does not fall to the normal range, but gradually increases because of the WD gene mutation. Therefore, if the liver copper concentration in an untreated WD patient is not elevated, the most likely cause is laboratory error, including sampling error and/or measurement error. It is well accepted that the distribution of copper in the liver is inhomogeneous and that the accuracy of liver copper measurement is improved with an adequately sized specimen.3 The tissue obtained with biopsy needle is only 1.0∼3.5 mg dry weight. In clinical practice, liver copper content is usually determined with a part of a needle biopsy specimen. This practice may occasionally result in a false result. Indeed, nondiagnostic hepatic copper levels in patients with confirmed WD have been reported by many investigators in the past two to three decades. Among 28 patients with genetically confirmed WD, as reported by Sintusek and Dhawan, liver copper concentration was below 250 µg/g dry weight in 8 patients. These data demonstrate that estimation of liver copper is not reliable using their method. In our study, we observed a trend where larger liver biopsy specimens resulted in smaller CV of the copper measurement. Although the P value was not less than that required for statistical significance, we believe that the size of the liver biopsy specimen has important influence on the precise determination of the copper content, based on "Do not reject null hypothesis" rather than "Accept null hypothesis." More important, the sensitivity of hepatic copper level for the diagnosis of WD at the conventional cut‐off value of 250 µg/g dry weight was as high as 94.4% with our method. Although not a head‐to‐head comparison, the sensitivity of our method was higher than that reported by Ferenci et al., which determined sensitivity using part of a needle biopsy specimen (83.3%).4
Hepatitis B virus transmission between heterosexuals
Authors: Gerard E. Mullin, Arthur L. Sheppell
Journal: JAMA (1987)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The article by Alter et al<sup>1</sup>links increased risk of transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV) with increased heterosexual activity. Dr Alter has stated elsewhere (<i>New York Times</i>, Sept 16, 1986) that this study may provide a model for predicting the transmission of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in the heterosexual population. The acquired immunodeficiency syndrome has frequently been compared with HBV-induced hepatitis with respect to viral etiology, mode of transmission, and populations at risk. In fact, prior to the isolation of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), HBV had been proposed as an etiologic agent or a contributory agent in the development of AIDS.<sup>2</sup>Certainly, the interrelationship of these two distinct viral illnesses is complex, but there seems to be evidence that their respective effects on the immune system may alter the natural histories of each disease. Host factors may play a role in this
Hazardous Substances, the Environment and Public Health: A Statistical Overview
Authors: William G. Hunter, John J. Crowley
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1979)

The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of the statistical problems that exist and procedures that are available when attempts are made to assess the possible harm which has been or might be caused by substances in the environment. These issues bear directly on important decisions of public policy such as those related to the establishment and enforcement of regulations.
Thromboxane synthase regulates the migratory phenotype of human glioma cells
Authors: Alf Giese, Christian Hagel, Ella L. Kim, Svenja Zapf, Jasmin Djawaheri, Michael E. Berens, Manfred Westphal
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (1999)

The capacity of glial tumor cells to migrate and diffusely in ltrate normal brain compromises surgical eradication of the disease.Identi cation of genes associated with invasion may offer novel strategies for anti-invasive therapies.The gene for TXsyn, an enzyme of the arachidonic acid pathway, has been identi ed by differential mRNA display as being overexpressed in a glioma cell line selected for migration.In this study TXsyn mRNA expression was found in a large panel of glioma cell lines but not in a strain of human astrocytes.Immunohistochemistry demonstrated TXsyn in the parenchyma of glial tumors and in reactive astrocytes, whereas it could not be detected in quiescent astrocytes and oligodendroglia of normal brain.Glioma cell lines showed a wide range of thromboxane B 2 formation, the relative expression of which correlated with migration rates of these cells.Migration was effectively blocked by speci c inhibitors of TXsyn, such as furegrelate and dazmegrel.Other TXsyn inhibitors and cyclooxygenase inhibitors were less effective.Treatment with speci c inhibitors also resulted in a decrease of intercellular adhesion in glioma cells.These data indicate that TXsyn plays a crucial role in the signal transduction of migration in glial tumors and may offer a novel strategy for anti-invasive therapies.
Hepatic Effects of a Phthalate Ester Plasticizer Leached from Poly(vinyl Chloride) Blood Bags Following Transfusion
Authors: Sherwin V. Kevy, May S. Jacobson
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1982)

The effects of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) on hepatic function and histology were evaluated in the rhesus monkey undergoing platelet and plasma transfusion. The average cumulative amount infused in one year is comparable to that received by patients who undergo chronic transfusion. Abnormalities in hepatic scan and BSP kinetics persisted for up to 26 months after transfusion, as did histologic abnormalities. Patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis receive a yearly dose of DEHP which is 10-20 times that which produced hepatotoxicity in the transfused rhesus.
Multimodal cancer therapy for breast cancer in the first trimester of pregnancy. A case report
Authors: C. L. Murray
Journal: JAMA (1984)

OCCASIONALLY, because of clinical considerations, cytotoxic drug therapy is necessary during pregnancy, or unfortunately a patient conceives while under treatment. It is known that the human fetus is the most susceptible to teratogenic agents, such as x-radiation<sup>1</sup>and rubella virus,<sup>2</sup>during the first trimester, and it seems probable that this is also the case for cytotoxic chemotherapy.<sup>3</sup>It is important to assess the risks to which the fetus is subjected under these circumstances. The teratogenicity of antineoplastic agents has been proved in laboratory animals. Similar phenomena are seen in human fetal development when such drugs are administered during the first trimester of pregnancy. Aminopterin, which has been used in the past as an abortifacient, has been reported to cause profound abnormalities in a high percentage of fetuses.<sup>2</sup>Alkylating agents, especially cyclophosphamide, when administered during the first trimester, have been associated with major and minor abnormalities, including
A Treatise on Fractures.
Journal: JAMA (1890)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Controlled Clinical Studies of Air Pollutant Exposure: Evaluating Scientific Information in Relation to Air Quality Standards
Authors: Jack D. Hackney, William S. Linn
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1983)

In controlled clinical studies, volunteers are deliberately exposed to specific air pollutants under conditions simulating ambient exposures, and health-related responses are documented. Studies of the health risks of air pollution need to be scientifically rigorous and clearly relevant to
October 24/31, 2001
Journal: JAMA (2001)

Jane Brock, MD, MSPH; Angela Sauaia, MD, PhD; Dennis Ahnen, MD; William Marine, MD, MPH; William Schluter, MD, MSPH; Beth R. Stevens, MS; Jeanne D. Scinto, PhD, MPH; Herbert Karp, MD; Dale Bratzler, DO, MPH
Impairment of renal function in the breast cancer patients with bone metastases treated with zoledronic acid
Authors: Tokiko Ito, Mayu Ono, Takaaki Oba, Toru Hanamura, Toshiharu Kanai, Kazuma Maeno, Manabu Hiraguri, Kiyoshi Shingu, Gengo Kaneko, Ken-ichi Ito
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2015)
A Medical Mystery
Authors: Michael S. Mahoney, Marc Kahn
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1998)

Figure 1 A 20-year-old college student, newly arrived in the United States, was evaluated for severe abdominal pain. What is the diagnosis? Figure 1 A 20-year-old college student, newly arrived in the United States, was evaluated for severe abdominal pain. What is the diagnosis? Michael S. Mahoney, M.D.Marc Kahn, M.D.Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112-2699
Bezafibrate add-on therapy improves liver transplantation-free survival in patients with primary biliary cholangitis: a Japanese nationwide cohort study
Authors: Atsushi Tanaka, Junko Hirohara, Toshinari Nakano, Kosuke Matsumoto, Olivier Chazouillères, Hajime Takikawa, Bettina Hansen, Fabrice Carrat, Christophe Corpechot
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2020)
Two more cell infusions on schedule for gene replacement therapy patient
Authors: C. Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1991)

EIGHT MONTHS after beginning treatment, the first patient to be given gene replacement therapy is making what researchers consider to be significant progress. The patient is a 4-year-old girl with adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency. She is being treated at the National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Md. The NIH research group plans to perform two more cell infusions on this patient. At that point, says Michael Blaese, MD: "We will make a detailed study of other indicators of T-cell reconstitution and immune function. We haven't progressed as rapidly as we would have liked, but nevertheless, I am delighted at the way things are going." <h3>Gene Being Expressed</h3> At this point, there is evidence that the ADA gene that corrects for the deficiency is being successfully inserted into the patient's lymphocytes, albeit at a very low rate (between 3% and 8%). Laboratory findings indicate that the gene is being expressed; ADA
Preexposure immunization with intradermal human diploid cell rabies vaccine. Risks and benefits of primary and booster vaccination
Authors: K. W. Bernard
Journal: JAMA (1987)

Intradermal human diploid cell rabies vaccine (ID HDCV) was licensed for preexposure use in the United States on May 30,1986. We studied the safety and efficacy of this newly approved route and dose of administration. Serologic results were available from 112 (90%) of the 124 persons who participated in an HDCV low-dose preexposure study in which five different ID, intramuscular (IM), and subcutaneous primary immunization regimens were administered. Three 1.0-mL IM doses of vaccine resulted in titers similar to those from three 0.1-mL ID doses when compared 49 days, one year, and two years after primary immunization. Uniformly high postbooster titers occurred in all five groups when ID boosters were administered at one year or two years. Adverse reactions were similar following both ID and IM vaccination. Although ID HDCV can be a cost-effective substitute for IM vaccine, excessive use of unnecessary preexposure booster doses by any route may be inadvisable because of systemic allergic reactions. In addition, poor immune responses to HDCV have been documented in persons vaccinated in some developing countries. This may limit the use of low-dose regimens in some places. (<i>JAMA</i>1987;257:1059-1063)
Free Fatty Acids Inhibit Growth Hormone/Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription-5 Signaling in Human Muscle: A Potential Feedback Mechanism
Authors: Niels Møller, Lars C. Gormsen, Ole Schmitz, Sten Lund, Jens Otto L. Jørgensen, Niels Jessen
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (2009)

ABSTRACT Context: Stimulation of lipolysis, leading to increased blood concentrations of free fatty acids (FFAs), is a primary effect of GH and phosphorylation of intracellular signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)-5 is a primary mediator of the effects of GH. Objective: Based on preliminary results, we intended to test whether FFAs exert a negative feedback inhibition of STAT5 phosphorylation in skeletal muscle. Design and Participants: Eight healthy young men were investigated for 8 h on four occasions at four different FFA levels in a single blind, randomized manner. Acipimox was used to suppress FFA levels and Intralipid was infused to obtain appropriate FFA concentrations. Somatostatin was infused to control GH levels and GH, insulin, and glucagon were replaced. Muscle biopsies were taken after 8 h and compared with a fifth biopsy taken under normal basal conditions. Setting: The study was conducted at a university clinical research unit. Results: GH concentrations remained steady and comparable in all studies and FFA concentrations varied between 0.01 and 1.71 mmol/liter on the four occasions (P &amp;lt; 0.05). We observed a dose-dependent 40% decrease of STAT5 phosphorylation in skeletal muscle with increasing concentrations of FFAs. Conclusions: Our results strongly suggest the existence of a negative feedback loop, whereby effects of GH may be dampened by FFA inhibition of GH-dependent STAT5 phosphorylation. The mechanisms behind and biological consequences of this finding awaits additional studies.