tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Portal hypertension in schistosomiasis: A long-term follow-up of a randomized trial comparing three types of surgery
Authors: S Raia
Journal: Hepatology (1994)

The long-term follow-up of patients with the severe form of Manson's schistosomiasis who had had elective surgical treatment for portal hypertension, in a randomized trial, was clinically evaluated. Of 94 patients, proximal splenorenal shunting was performed in 32, esophagogastric devascularization with splenectomy in 32 and distal splenorenal shunting in 30. Patients were observed during a mean of 85.7 ± 33.1 mo, excluding nine patients (9.6%) who were lost to follow-up. Recurrence of upper gastrointestinal tract bleeding occurred in 24.1% of the patients, without statistical differences among the three groups, but rebleeding because of varices was more frequent after esophagogastric devascularization with splenectomy. Hepatic encephalopathy was significantly higher after proximal splenorenal shunting (39.3%) when compared with distal splenorenal shunting (14.8%) and with esophagogastric devascularization with splenectomy (0%). Lethality was also significantly higher after proximal splenorenal shunting (42.9%) when compared with distal splenorenal shunting (14.8%) and with esophagogastric devascularization with splenectomy (7.1%). Indirect hyperbilirubinemia was absent after esophagogastric devascularization with splenectomy and more frequent after distal splenorenal shunting (52%) although also present after proximal splenorenal shunting (29.6%). Esophagogastric devascularization with splenectomy was demonstrated to be the best option because of the absence of encephalopathy and because of low mortality rates. Hepatic encephalopathy occurred after distal splenorenal shunting but in a lesser percentage than after proximal splenorenal shunting. The higher incidence of encephalopathy and lethality proscribes proximal splenorenal shunting in Manson's schistosomiasis. (Hepatology 1994;20:398–403.)
Intercessory Prayer
Authors: Brian Bolton
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2001)

Letters18 December 2001Intercessory PrayerBrian Bolton, PhDBrian Bolton, PhDUniversity of Arkansas; Fayetteville, AR 72701Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-135-12-200112180-00026 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:The review by Astin and coworkers (1) of randomized trials of “distant healing” identified five investigations of intercessory prayer. The authors decided that two of these studies (2, 3) showed significant treatment effects and calculated an average effect size of 0.25 (P=0.009) based on four trials. However, the two investigations that the authors characterized as showing positive outcomes actually demonstrated that intercessory prayer has no measurable benefits.The two studies were conducted in large samples of cardiac patients randomly assigned to prayer and no-prayer groups at hospitals in San Francisco, California, and Kansas City, Missouri. Byrd (2) ...References1. Astin JA, Harkness E, Ernst E. The efficacy of “distant healing”: a systematic review of randomized trials. Ann Intern Med. 2000;132:903-10. [PMID: 10836918] LinkGoogle Scholar2. Byrd RC. Positive therapeutic effects of intercessory prayer in a coronary care unit population. South Med J. 1988;81:826-9. [PMID: 3393937] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. Harris WS, Gowda M, Kolb JW, Strychacz CP, Vacek JL, Jones PG, et al . A randomized, controlled trial of the effects of remote, intercessory prayer on outcomes in patients admitted to the coronary care unit. Arch Intern Med. 1999;159:2273-8. [PMID: 10547166] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Brian Bolton, PhDAffiliations: University of Arkansas; Fayetteville, AR 72701 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoThe Efficacy of “Distant Healing” John A. Astin , Elaine Harkness , and Edzard Ernst Metrics Cited byReligion as a competing interest 18 December 2001Volume 135, Issue 12Page: 1094KeywordsRandomized trials ePublished: 18 December 2001 Issue Published: 18 December 2001 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2001 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Disseminated sporotrichosis
Authors: T. K. Satterwhite
Journal: JAMA (1978)

EXTRACUTANEOUS sporotrichosis is an uncommon manifestation of this fungal infection. A patient with disseminated sporotrichosis had<i>Sporotrichum schenckii</i>in multiple sites, including skin, urine, bone marrow, and brain. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 60-year-old alcoholic man was admitted to the hospital with generalized weakness, progressive edema, ascites, and skin lesions. Two weeks before admission, he had noted painless erythematous lesions on his distal extremities that gradually became nodular and drained purulent bloody material. He had had no chills, fever, or headache. He drank a fifth of whiskey each day. During the previous five years, he had been found to have ascites, abnormal results of liver function studies, esophageal varices, enlarged liver with patchy isotope uptake shown by liver scan, and macrocytic anemia. He denied exposure to animals, gardening, or trips into fields or woods; there was no known trauma or insect bites to his skin. At the time of admission,
Pattern of chemotherapy use at end of life (EOL) in patients with solid tumors (ST).
Authors: Thomas W. Burke, Yvette A DeJesus, Lee Cheng, Aman Buzdar, Maria Alma Rodriguez
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

93 Background: Quality performance measures for cancer care, including use of chemotherapy in the last two-weeks of life, will be required for reporting. In this study, we evaluated the pattern and frequency of chemotherapy use for ST patients in the last two-weeks of life, and whether such treatment included standard or investigational drugs. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of 5,607 adult cancer patients (≥18 years) who received their care at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center and died between December 01, 2010 through May 31, 2012. Data on patients’ demographics, and chemotherapy agents dispensed (excluded: hormones) were obtained from the institution’s administrative databases. Type of treatment (research versus standard) was obtained from our chemotherapy dispensed database. Chi-square test and Fisher's exact test were used to determine the association between categorical variables.All statistically significant levels were determined with p values &lt; 0.05. Results: Only 3.9% (216/5,607) of ST patients who died had received chemotherapy within 14 days EOL. For those 216 patients who received chemothapy: median age 64 years; 48% female; 89% metastatic disease. The distribution by chemotherapy treatment route: intravenous (IV) 85%; IV plus oral 6%; oral 6%; other 3%. The distribution of patients by number of chemotherapy agents: one 56%; two 31%, and three or more 13%. Among those who received chemotherapy, 98.6% (213/216) of the chemotherapy administered were standard agents. There were no differences in frequency distribution for chemotherapy treatment route (p&gt;0.05), number of chemotherapy agents (p&gt;0.05) between patients with metastatic and non-metastatic disease, or between men and women (p&gt;0.05). Conclusions: Our results indicate EOL chemotherapy use was infrequent in our patients with STs, and most of those treated received standard chemotherapy, with simple one or two drug regimens. We need more research to determine factors that influence chemotherapy use at EOL, and if it palliates physical symptoms and/or emotional distress in advanced stages of disease.
BUDAPEST
Journal: JAMA (1923)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Diagnosis of Lyme disease
Authors: L. H. Sigal
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —I appreciate Dr Sigal's letter and would like to make a few additional comments. It is true that occasionally a patient with early disseminated Lyme disease (manifest as facial nerve palsy) will lack detectable<i>Borrelia burgdorferi</i>antibodies in the serum using standard testing. Standard testing involves performing an IgM and IgG ELISA determination, then doing a confirmatory Western blot if one or both are positive. Lack of<i>B burgdorferi</i>antibody early in the course of disseminated Lyme disease was demonstrated by a study<sup>1</sup>in Suffolk County, New York, where Lyme disease is highly endemic. This study reported that eight of 32 patients with acute facial palsy had Lyme disease. Seven of these eight patients were initially seropositive, while the eighth patient did not become seropositive until a convalescent serum specimen was obtained 5 weeks later. Thus, there is a need for more sensitive antibody tests. Sigal suggests
International hepatology
Authors: Y. A. Luqmani
Journal: Hepatology (2002)

thermore, it is likely that pegylated interferons will improve the QOL as well as the efficacy of hepatitis C therapy.4][5] The conclusion that Pegasys is better tolerated and offers an improved QOL compared to interferon ␣ 2a cannot be supported without appropriate pooling of data and dose-specific comparisons.
Rationing.
Authors: A. E. Limentani
Journal: BMJ (1992)

Because we receive many more letters than we can publish we may shorten those we do print, particularly when we receive several on the same subject.Rationing specific services places clinicians in an extra-treatments is used alone to define health needs and ordinarily difficult position.Which patients set priorities they will be wrong.SIR,-Richard Smith's editorial on rationing im-should they select for their annual quota of coron-The call to follow Oregon and make rationing plies that I expressed paternalistic, indeed un-atv bypass operations?Should they reserve judg-decisions explicit and rational is therefore only part democratic, views in my Harveian oration.I ment on a particular patient in case a more of the solution.2The general public would have should like to try to explain myself.deserving one comes along to take up the last quota some involvement, but what is crucial is that any Like others with whom I've debated the issue place?Such decisions are being made today by universal system must try to allow for variation in Smith fails to distinguish between rationing and individual doctors dealing with individual patients, individual perceptions of need because individual determining priorities.In determining priorities, I most starkly by those with tight budgets.It is this people will place different values on each disability agree, everyone should be involved-doctors, sort of rationing that I would prefer to see implicit or condition.This flexibility is potentially lost nurses, other health professionals, managers, and rather than explicit, not through a belief in medical when clinicians are no longer responsible for the general public-and I made this point in my imperialism or paternalism but through a concern rationing.Oration.This is what happened in Oregon.As about the anguish that patients and their relatives Health authorities must accept that there is no
Abstract B34: Targeting M2-tumor associated macrophages (M2-TAMs) in prostate cancer
Authors: Jelani C. Zarif, James R. Hernandez, Kenneth J. Pienta
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract Prostate cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths of men in the U.S., and in the past year, over 30,000 men died from this disease. While localized prostate cancer is highly treatable by surgical resection and radiation, cancer that has metastasized remains incurable. Alternatively activated macrophages, also known as M2-macrophages, primarily scavenge debris and in the process, promote angiogenesis and wound repair. M2-macrophages are phenotypically similar to M2 tumor-associated macrophages (M2-TAMs) have been reported to associate with solid tumors such as prostate cancer to facilitate epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), tumor invasiveness, metastasis, and resistance to therapy. As an invasive species within the tumor microenvironment, this makes M2-TAMs an ideal therapeutic target in prostate cancer. The purpose of this project is to develop novel therapeutics that will directly target M2-TAMs for destruction and subsequently attenuate prostate tumor growth, progression and metastasis. The central hypothesis of this study is to determine if targeting of M2-TAMs using specific surface antigens will be an effective therapy for lethal prostate cancer and potentially, other cancers. Our study elucidated M2-Macrophage biology including creating homogenous populations of both M1 and M2 macrophages using a new strategy as to allow for identification of novel surface antigen markers. We then assessed novel markers of macrophage populations and assessed whether these surface antigens that are expressed on M2-macrophages are also expressed in human prostate cancers indicative of myeloid infiltration. Validation studies using metastatic prostate cancer tissues from rapid autopsies and surgical specimens supplied by the Department of Urology at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine were also be performed. Complementary studies will be executed to target these markers for anti-tumor cell efficacy using these relevant model systems. By identifying and targeting specific markers on M2-TAMs, we predict that this targeting will provide a better prognosis for patients who have been diagnosed with lethal prostate cancer. Citation Format: Jelani C. Zarif, James R. Hernandez, Kenneth J. Pienta. Targeting M2-tumor associated macrophages (M2-TAMs) in prostate cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Function of Tumor Microenvironment in Cancer Progression; 2016 Jan 7–10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(15 Suppl):Abstract nr B34.
Surveillance of Children's Blood Lead Levels—United States, 1991
Journal: JAMA (1992)

Lead poisoning is one of the most common environmental pediatric health problems in the United States (1): in 1984, an estimated three to four million children had blood lead levels (BLLs) sufficiently high to adversely affect intelligence, behavior, and development (2). Because little is known about efforts to monitor BLLs among U.S. children, in 1991, the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists (CSTE) and CDC conducted a survey to characterize reporting requirements and data-collection activities for BLLs among U.S. children during 1989. This report summarizes the findings from that survey.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Erratum to: Romidepsin for the treatment of relapsed/refractory peripheral T cell lymphoma: prolonged stable disease provides clinical benefits for patients in the pivotal trial
Authors: Francine Foss, Steven Horwitz, Barbara Pro, H. Miles Prince, Lubomir Sokol, Barbara Balser, Julie Wolfson, Bertrand Coiffier
Journal: Journal of Hematology & Oncology (2017)
Say Yes to Life: A Pilot Study
Authors: Clive Wood, Allison Keen
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1988)

In an attempt to assess whether there are any characteristics which a majority of ordinary people regard as life-affirming or life-denying, a questionnaire was given to a pilot group of 167 respondents, representing three different age and social categories. Five life-affirming and five life-denying characteristics were mentioned by more than 10% of respondents. Of the former, Drive, Sociability, Happiness and Optimism were endorsed by 15-20%. Of the latter, Unsociability and Poor Coping were mentioned by 22%, making them distinctly more frequent than the following categories of Pessimism, Lack of Drive and Unhappiness (11-14%). It is suggested that a number of these subjectively determined characteristics, which the general public perceive as being life-affirming or denying, do indeed influence physical or mental health, illness or illness behaviour. It may therefore be of value to utilize this set of public perceptions in future programmes of health education.
Distinctive AgNOR patterns of myeloid and lymphoid blasts in acute leukemia
Authors: Durjoy K Shome, Nita Khurana
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1999)

Bone-marrow aspiration smears of 38 cases of acute leukemia (19 acute lymphoblastic leukemia, 19 acute nonlymphocytic leukemia) were stained for argyrophilic nucleolar organiser regions (AgNOR). AgNOR were assessed numerically and morphologically. There were highly significant differences in AgNOR morphology between acute lymphoblastic leukemia and acute nonlymphocytic leukemia ANLL: lymphoblast AgNORs were usually small (<3 μm) "dots/chips," whereas myeloblasts showed larger "blebs," or a combination of the two types (complex structures). AgNOR number was significantly less in acute lymphoblastic leukemia. In acute nonlymphocytic leukemia cases, AgNOR number also showed direct correlation with Ki67 reactivity of leukemic blasts. Am. J. Hematol. 61:149–152, 1999. © 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Remission of tumor-stage mycosis fungoides following intravenously administered acyclovir
Authors: L. Resnick
Journal: JAMA (1984)

MYCOSIS fungoides is a T-cell lymphoma that begins in the skin, frequently involves internal organs, and is usually fatal. Chronic dermatitis may be the initial manifestation of the disease, with plaques, tumors, and ulcerations developing later. Altered immunity is common in the late stages of the disease, and death is frequently caused by infection. After the formation of cutaneous tumors, the median survival time is less than three years despite various forms of treatment.<sup>1</sup>The cause of mycosis fungoides is not known, but chronic stimulation of the immune system by viral antigens has been postulated to be important in the pathogenesis of lymphomas, including mycosis fungoides.<sup>2</sup> We report a case of complete clearing of extensive ulcerated tumors in a patient with mycosis fungoides following therapy with intravenously (IV) administered acyclovir. <h3>REPORT OF A CASE</h3> A 58-year-old woman with a seven-year history of scaly papules and plaques on the
Hepatitis, bradycardia, and the use of a cardiac pacemaker
Authors: R. Arnon
Journal: JAMA (1974)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Effect of zinc supplementation on incidence of infections and hospital admissions in sickle cell disease (SCD)
Authors: Ananda S. Prasad, Frances W.J. Beck, Joseph Kaplan, Pranatharthi H. Chandrasekar, Jesus Ortega, James T. Fitzgerald, Paul Swerdlow
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1999)

Zinc deficiency is a common nutritional problem in adult sickle-cell disease (SCD) patients.Hyperzincuria and increased requirement of zinc due to continued hemolysis in SCD are probable bases for zinc deficiency in these patients.Zinc deficiency affects adversely T-helper 1 (TH 1 ) functions and cell mediated immunity and interleukin (IL)-2 production is decreased in zinc deficient subjects.We hypothesized that zinc supplementation will improve T-helper 1 function and decrease incidence of infections in patients with SCD.We tested this hypothesis in 32 SCD subjects who were divided in three groups (Grs A, B, and C).Grs A (n = 11) and B (n = 10) were zinc deficient based on cellular zinc criteria and Gr C (n = 11) were zinc sufficient.Gr A subjects were observed for 1 year (baseline), following which they received zinc acetate (50 to 75 mg of elemental zinc orally daily) for 3 years.Gr B subjects were observed for 1 year (baseline), following which they received placebo for 1 year and then switched to zinc supplementation (50 to 75 mg of elemental zinc orally daily) for 2 years.Gr C subjects did not receive any intervention inasmuch as they were zinc sufficient.Prolonged zinc supplementation resulted in an increase in lymphocyte and granulocyte zinc (P = 0.0001), and an increase in interleukin-2 production (P = 0.0001), decreased incidence of documented bacteriologically positive infections (P = 0.0026), decreased number of hospitalizations and decreased number of vaso-occlusive pain crisis (P = 0.0001).The predominant pathogens isolated were staphylococci and streptococci involving the respiratory tract and aerobic gram-negative bacteria, particularly Escherichia coli, involving the urinary tract.Further confirmation of our observations will require prospective studies of zinc supplementation in a larger number of SCD patients.Am.
The role of bone marrow biopsy and FDG-PET/CT in identifying bone marrow infiltration in the initial diagnosis of high grade non-Hodgkin B-cell lymphoma and Hodgkin lymphoma. Accuracy in a multicenter series of 372 patients
Authors: Tzu-Hua Chen-Liang, Andres Jerez, Leonor Senent, Maria Orero, Maria Remigia, Begoña Muiña, Marta Romera, Hermogenes Fernandez-Muñoz, Jose Raya, Marta Fernandez-Gonzalez, Aima Lancharro, Carolina Villegas, Juan Herrera, Laura Frutos, Jose Navarro, Jon Uña, Carolina Igua, Raquel Sanchez-Vaño, Maria Del Cozar, Jose Contreras, Jose Sanchez-Blanco, Elena Perez-Ceballos, Francisco Ortuño
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2016)