tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Important Facts for Parents Who Don't Want Their Kids to Smoke
Journal: CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians (2003)

A Cancer Journal for Clinicians Nobody was born to smoke.Kids learn how by watching and copying people they admire.• Kids whose friends smoke are much more likely to begin smoking.This is especially important in the sixth to eighth grades, and when switching from one school to another.• Kids often copy things their parents do, and this includes smoking.Parents who smoke also make it easy for their kids to smoke by leaving cigarettes around the house.• Kids look up to their older brothers and sisters, and often imitate their smoking.• Each year, the tobacco industry spends $10 billion on advertising to make smoking look cool.Addiction follows soon after kids start smoking.Because they may begin to feel addicted after the first cigarette, any experimentation with cigarettes can be dangerous for kids.This is an important reason why parents should not tolerate any experimentation with smoking.• Addiction means that you are no longer able to control your smoking.• Most kids start to lose control of their smoking within two months of starting.• More than 90 percent of smokers started before age 18.
Abstract 3501: Entinostat enhances the efficacy of olaparib in preclinical models of ovarian cancer
Authors: Vijayalaxmi G. Gupta, Yoskaly Lazo Fernandez, Katherine Roby, Harsh Pathak, Jeff Hirst, Andrew J. Wilson, Andrew Godwin, Dineo Khabele
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Introduction: Ovarian cancer is a rare but often fatal disease and a leading cause of gynecologic cancer death, in the United States. Poly ADP ribose polymerase inhibitors (PARPi) are promising new drugs that are most effective in patients with tumors with altered homologous recombination (HR) DNA repair genes, particularly BRCA1/2. To expand their clinical utility, PARPi are being tested in combination with other drugs. Our group has published that histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) sensitize HR proficient BRCA wild-type ovarian cancer cells to PARPi. We have developed an investigator-initiated phase 1/2 clinical trial of the PARPi olaparib combined with the HDACi entinostat in patients with recurrent, HR proficient/BRCA wild-type ovarian cancer. Objective: To test the effects of a novel combination of olaparib and entinostat in preclinical models of BRCA wild-type ovarian cancer. Methods: HR proficient BRCA wild-type SKOV3 and ID8 ovarian cells were treated with Entinostat followed by Olaparib alone or the combination of Entinostat and Olaparib. Treated and control cells were analyzed for cell proliferation by sulforhodamine B assays, clonogenicity, and DNA damage by Comet assays. SKOV-3-luciferase cells were injected intraperitoneally into NOD-SCID mice. Mice were randomized into 4 treatment groups and treated with vehicle, entinostat, olaparib, or the combination. The mice were monitored for toxicity and by bioluminescence imaging (BLI). At sacrifice, tumor burden was quantified. Results: In cell culture assays, entinostat significantly enhanced the sensitivity of SKOV3 and ID8 cells to Olaparib. Entinostat combined with olaparib led to synergistic reductions in cell proliferation and clonogenicity in SKOV-3 and ID8 ovarian cancer cells, compared to each drug alone. Evidence of DNA damage was enhanced by the drug combination. In the SKOV3-luc xenograft mouse model, a significant reduction in tumor burden in the group of mice treated with the combination of entinostat and olaparib, compared to each drug alone. There was no significant toxicity with drug treatment. Conclusion: Entinostat sensitizes ovarian cancer cells to Olaparib in vitro and in vivo. Experiments in ID-luciferase and patient-derived xenograft models are ongoing. These preclinical models are powerful tools that will be used to discover markers and mechanisms of sensitivity and resistance to inform the parallel clinical trial. Citation Format: Vijayalaxmi G. Gupta, Yoskaly Lazo Fernandez, Katherine Roby, Harsh Pathak, Jeff Hirst, Andrew J. Wilson, Andrew Godwin, Dineo Khabele. Entinostat enhances the efficacy of olaparib in preclinical models of ovarian cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 3501.
Indications for liver transplantation in hepatobiliary malignancy
Authors: R Pichlmayr, A Weimann, B Ringe
Journal: Hepatology (1994)

Our personal experience with 172 patients, the results from the European Liver Transplant Registry and a review of the recent literature are summarized and discussed to define present indications for liver transplantation in hepatobiliary malignancy. The following conditions should be considered contraindications: advanced primary liver tumors with any extrahepatic spread, cholangiocellular carcinoma, hemangiosarcoma and liver metastases from nonendocrine primary tumor. Currently, "favorable" indications include uncommon tumors such as fibrolamellar carcinoma, epithelioid hemangioendothelioma, hepatoblastoma and metastases from endocrine tumors. Further indications may be nonresectable hepatocellular and proximal bile duct carcinoma in tumor stage II. Borderline indications are hepatocellular and proximal bile duct carcinoma in tumor stage III. In advanced tumors confined to the liver, transplantation should be restricted to multimodality treatment protocols. Although there are strong arguments for transplantation in early resectable hepatocellular carcinoma with underlying cirrhosis, it remains an open issue requiring further investigation in a controlled study using the same tumor classification. With regard to limited resources of donor organs, split-liver transplantation permits transplantation in tumor patients without neglecting those with benign diseases.
Pathology Annual
Authors: S. L. Wilens
Journal: JAMA (1966)

In 1878 Edwin Klebs, a renegade pupil of Virchow, announced the death of morbid anatomy as a science. In succeeding years, ever increasing numbers of equally eminent scientists have offered confirmatory condolences. Morbid anatomy has proved to be a peculiar corpse. It always dies but never quite fades away. Proof of this is provided by the lively new book<i>Pathology Annuals</i>, edited by Sheldon C. Sommers. This volume and the succeeding annuals should become essential additions to every unfaded pathologist's library. The editor has a keen awareness of the soft spots in the average pathologist's erudition and the topics selected for presentation should do much to hyalinize these areas. Subjects discussed include an ideal method for coding pathological diagnoses without replication, the early and easy detection of pre-precancerous changes in the cervix, the inside and complete story of schistosomiasis, the immunological intricacies of La Jolla nephritis, a loosened but logical
Evaluation of a New Antituberculous Agent
Journal: JAMA (1972)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Influenza: vaccines or amantadine?
Authors: A. Chanin
Journal: JAMA (1977)

WITH the abrupt end of the National Influenza Immunization Program on Dec 16, 1976, because of complications arising from the vaccine administration, another serious look at amantadine hydrochloride in the prophylaxis and treatment of respiratory tract infections caused by influenza type A is indicated. It has been pointed out by Herrmann (<i>Medical Tribune</i>, Oct 20, 1976, pp 25-26) and other authors<sup>1,2</sup>that amantadine offers a viable alternative to vaccines for chemoprophylaxis and chemotherapy of influenza in our communities. This report summarizes recent findings and compares amantadine and the vaccines in six areas. <h3>Antigenic Specificity.—</h3> As the influenza type A virus undergoes modification, either through antigenic shift (major modification) or antigenic drift (minor modification), so must the vaccine. Immunity against a prior strain does not necessarily confer immunity against a forthcoming strain. Amantadine is effective against all strains of influenza type A. Every strain we have associated with epidemic influenza
Development of Source Testing, Analytical, and Mutagenicity Bioassay Procedures for Evaluating Emissions from Municipal and Hospital Waste Combustors
Authors: Randall R. Watts, Paul M. Lemieux, Raymond A. Grote, R. William Lowans, Ron W. Williams, Lance R. Brooks, Sarah H. Warren, David M. DeMarini, Douglas A. Bell, Joellen Lewtas
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1992)

Incineration is currently being used for disposal of about 10% of the solid waste generated in the United States, and this percentage will likely increase as land disposal declines. Siting new incinerators, however, is often controversial because of concerns related to the possibility of adverse health effects and environmental contamination from long-term exposure to stack emissions. Specific concerns relate to the adequacies of a) stack emission testing protocols, b) existing regulations, and c) compliance monitoring and enforcement of regulations. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency laboratories are cooperatively conducting research aimed at developing new testing equipment and procedures that will allow a more comprehensive assessment of the complex mixture of organics that is present in stack emissions. These efforts are directed specifically toward developing source testing equipment and procedures, analytical procedures, and bioassay procedures. The objectives of this study were to field test two types of high-volume source dilution samplers, collect stack samples for use in developing analytical and mutagenicity bioassay procedures, and determine mutagenicity of organics associated with emission particles from two municipal waste combustors and a hospital waste combustor. Data are presented for particle concentrations and emission rates, extractable organic concentrations and emission rates, and Salmonella (Ames) mutagenic potency and emission rates. The mutagenic emission rates and emission factors are compared to other incinerators and combustion sources.
All That Wheezes…
Authors: Sanjay Divakaran, Paul Dellaripa, Lester Kobzik, Bruce Levy, Joseph Loscalzo
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2017)

A 20-year-old woman presented with cough and shortness of breath. Six weeks earlier, she had sought care for nasal congestion, postnasal drip, and cough. The congestion abated after treatment with fluticasone nasal spray and loratadine, but the cough persisted, with intermittent wheezing.
Ureteroinguinal Hernia
Authors: Douglas S. Katz, Wen Young, Elizabeth Yung
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2003)

A ureteroinguinal hernia was demonstrated on both a Tc-99m mercaptoacetyltriglycine (MAG3) renal scan and a computed tomographic scan in an 81-year-old man with suspected urinary tract infection and a prior history of transurethral resection of the prostate. Ureteral hernias are relatively rare, although the ureteroinguinal hernia, found in elderly men on the right side, is the most common type. Ureteral hernias may be asymptomatic but can be present in patients with symptoms of obstructive uropathy.
Predicting Carcinogenicity
Authors: Kenneth Olden, John Ruffin, Walter Rogan, Frances Gill, Joseph Stokes, Richard Wedeen, James Ware
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1993)

have announced the signing of five con- tracts for a 5-year clinical trial of succimer, a drug that reduces blood lead levels in children.The purpose of the trial is to determine whether treating children with relatively low blood-lead levels prevents or reduces associated developmental delay and whether the drug is safe.
Schizophrenia, an Illness and a metaphor: analysis of the use of the term 'schizophrenia' in the UK national newspapers
Authors: A. K Chopra, G. A Doody
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2007)

Objective To determine whether schizophrenia is a commonly used 'illness as metaphor', to compare the use of schizophrenia and cancer as illnesses as metaphor, and to determine if there is a difference in such usage between the UK and USA.Design An examination of articles published in the British press.Setting 600 articles from six British newspapers: the Times, the Daily Telegraph, the Guardian, the Mirror, the Sun and the Daily Mail.Main outcome measures Use of schizophrenia and cancer as metaphors.Results Schizophrenia was more likely to be metaphorized than cancer (P50.001) in the UK press, but was less likely to be used as metaphor in the UK press than in the US press (P50.001).11% of articles containing the term schizophrenia used the word as a metaphor.Conclusions Clinicians need to be aware that patients, carers and the public might have a different understanding of the word we use as a diagnosis.
Biological Effects of Short-Term, High-Concentration Exposure to Methyl Isocyanate. III. Influence on Gas Exchange in the Guinea Pig Lung
Authors: M. Roger Fedde, Darol E. Dodd, Catherine M. Troup, Edward H. Fowler
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1987)

The influence of methyl isocyanate (MIC) inhalation on the gas exchange function of the lungs in guinea pigs was studied by measuring arterial blood gases, pH, and tracheal pressure during constant-volume, artificial ventilation with air or 100% O2 at 40 and 120 min after exposure. A 15 min exposure to MIC at concentrations of 240 to 628 ppm caused a marked reduction in PaO2 and pHa and an elevated tracheal pressure during artificial ventilation. The low PaO2 was only slightly elevated when the animals were ventilated with 100% O2. Although the dry-wet lung weight ratio was reduced at the highest exposure concentration, the effect was not severe and no significant increase in lung water was found at the lower concentrations. MIC inhalation caused severe pulmonary blood shunting and ventilation/perfusion imbalance. This, in turn, led to hypoxemia, metabolic acidosis, and tissue hypoxia, which could produce death. The pulmonary gas exchange deficit likely resulted from bronchial and bronchiolar obstruction caused by sloughed epithelium and other debris from intra- and extrapulmonary airways.
Varying Effects of Remedies
Journal: BMJ (1840)

repeated, pains and violent cramps.On the contrary, paralysis-is a very common consequence of the colic, when it has attacked the patient for the second or third time.The paralysis is very refractory under treatment.Chronic affections of the abdominal viscera sometimes follow the disease; but more usually health is restored after a few days' debility and dyspepsia.Dr. Hisern has observed, that men are more frequenitly attacked than women.Cat,we of the Jiseose.
The achilles heel of TIPS, parenchymal tract stenosis and occlusion, is caused by biliary-TIPS fistulae Oregon Health Sciences University, Dept of Medicine and Dotter Inst., Portland, OR
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

To analyze the use of preoperative venographic mapping in patients who require permanent hemodialysis access.Ninety-one patients underwent 108 preoperative studies. Sixty-eight (75%) were documented to have ongoing or previous hemodialysis at the time of the study. A total of 154 arms were assessed with venograms (75 right, 79 left); 74 of the patients (81%) had previous access. Venographic mapping was not performed in patients with clearly usable veins as determined by the referring surgeon.A total of 170 veins were suitable for access creation (ie, continuous vein of suitable caliber). Of these, 78 were used (40 fistulas [51%] and 38 grafts [49%]), and 87% of accesses were successfully used for dialysis (73% primarily, 14% after additional intervention). Anatomic variants included early brachial-basilic confluence (44%), double terminal cephalic arch (4%), and brachial-basilic “ladders” (7%). Significant central venous stenosis was found in 10% of studies, limiting the ability to use the affected side for access. There were significant associations between (i) the number of previous accesses and access type created (P = .002, Fisher exact test) and (ii) the number of veins visualized and access type created (P < .001, Fisher exact test). A greater number of previous access attempts correlated with graft rather than fistula placement for permanent access, and increased numbers of veins seen on venography correlated with an increased chance of permanent access placement.Venography may identify clinically occult veins usable for hemodialysis access. Anatomic variants are common and may affect choice of access site.
Tenement Crowding
Journal: JAMA (1987)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Postoperative choledochoscopy via the T-tube tract
Authors: J. P. Moss
Journal: JAMA (1976)

MAJOR advances have been made in the postoperative management of retained biliary stones during the last decade.<sup>1,2</sup>The contributions of Lamis et al, Mazzariello, Mondet, and others<sup>3-6</sup>have provided the foundation for percutaneous extraction of retained calculi and have resulted in a safe, effective means of avoiding complicated reoperative biliary procedures. The technique consists of passing a basket catheter into the common duct via the T-tube tract, grasping the stone under fluoroscopic control, and extracting the calculus through the fistulous tract. With experience and technical innovations in the design of basket catheters, percutaneous extraction is successful in 70% to 90% of cases and is associated with a very low morbidity.<sup>7,8</sup>The failures of percutaneous extraction are often related to technical difficulties, the selection of a T tube, angulation in the T-tube tract, and the presence of multiple stones.<sup>9</sup> A solution to these problems would further reduce
Lichen planus and liver diseases: a multicentre case-control study. Gruppo Italiano Studi Epidemiologici in Dermatologia (GISED).
Journal: BMJ (1990)

OBJECTIVE--To assess the association of lichen planus with liver complaints and with known aetiological factors of liver diseases. DESIGN--Multicentre case-control study. Interviews were conducted by trained medical investigators on the basis of a structured questionnaire. At the interview patients and controls were asked for consent to blood samples being taken to determine transaminase activities and the presence of hepatitis B virus surface antigen. SETTING--Outpatient departments of 27 Italian general and teaching hospitals that were collaborating in the Gruppo Italiano Studi Epidemiologici in Dermatologia (GISED). SUBJECTS--Incident cases and controls were eligible. A total of 577 patients with lichen planus and 1031 controls with dermatological diseases other than lichen planus were interviewed. Less than 1% of the people contacted refused to participate. Patients and controls were matched for sex and age in five year intervals. RESULTS--The risk of lichen planus was higher in patients with a history of liver diseases requiring hospital admission or specialist consultation (relative risk = 1.6; 95% confidence interval = 1.2 to 2.2), those who had had liver biopsy (5.5; 1.9 to 15.6), and those with a history of viral hepatitis (1.9; 1.1 to 3.1). High activities of liver enzymes and positive results of tests for hepatitis B virus surface antigen were also associated with lichen planus. The association with alcohol consumption was not clearly confirmed by a dose-risk relation. CONCLUSION--This study adds quantitative epidemiological evidence to the clinical observation that liver disease is a risk factor for lichen planus although not a specific marker of it.
Notice
Authors: Eugene Schiff, Robert Ockner, Richard Gregg, Denis Mcgarry, D Hardie, Bruce Spiegelman, Alan Sniderman, Peter Meier, Nada Abumrad, David Bernlohr, Jerome Strauss, Takashi Hashimoto, Barry Foreman, Nathan Bass, Richard Rachubinski, Sharon Taylor
Journal: Hepatology (1994)

This meeting will be held at the Astir Palace Vouliagmeni Complex, about 25 kilometers southeast of Athens, at the seaside.The program will include both clinical and basics topics on various aspects of liver disease.
Getting a head start. The states and health care reform
Authors: E. Friedman
Journal: JAMA (1994)

SEVERAL years ago, Bruce Vladeck, PhD, who is now the administrator of the Health Care Financing Agency, pointed out that health policy "is the last great unsettled area of federal-state relations." Although he was referring to intergovernmental quarrels over Medicaid, his remark also foreshadowed the growing tension over which responsibilities (fiscal and otherwise) will be federal and which will fall to the states as health care reform takes shape. Former New York Congressman Otis Pike years ago observed that no city will undertake to pay for any activity it thinks it can get the state to pay for, and no state will undertake to pay for any activity it thinks it can get the federal government to pay for. The Medicaid program, passed by Congress in 1965, is a classic example of shared turf and its problems. Funded jointly by states and the federal government, administered by states but regulated