tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Torsion Dystonian
Authors: Jerrold G. Bernstein
Journal: JAMA (1980)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Torsion dystonia (dystonia muscularum deformans) is a rare condition that is generally difficult to diagnose and more difficult to treat. Our limited understanding of this condition suggests that its mechanism involves abnormalities in one or more neurotransmitter substances in the basal ganglia of the brain. Development of a variety of drugs that modify central neurotransmission has offered considerable therapeutic advance in the treatment of a variety of neurological and psychiatric conditions. Because of the rarity of torsion dystonia, few controlled studies of therapeutic agents have been accomplished in this condition. On the other hand, a variety of clinicians have had experience with one or more patients whose conditions responded or even worsened with one or another pharmacologic approach. I am presently reviewing the pharmacologic treatment of this condition in an attempt to consolidate published and unpublished information regarding potential treatment and mechanisms involved in torsion dystonia. I
Long-term follow-up of patients concomitantly treated with hormone therapy in a prospective controlled randomized multicenter clinical study comparing STn-KLH vaccine with KLH control in stage IV breast cancer following first-line chemotherapy
Authors: J. Mayordomo, A. Tres, D. Miles, L. Finke, H. Jenkins
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

2603 Background: Theratope (T) is an investigational therapeutic cancer vaccine consisting of a synthetic form of the tumor-associated antigen Sialyl Tn (STn) conjugated to the carrier protein keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH). This abstract reports a survival follow-up of the phase III trial with emphasis on the subgroup concomitantly treated with hormone therapy. Methods: Metastatic breast cancer patients (MBC pts) who had no evidence of disease or non-progressive disease following any first-line chemotherapy were randomized 1:1 to receive adjuvant plus T or control (C) (adjuvant plus KLH). All pts received a single IV infusion of cyclophosphamide before vaccine. Primary endpoints were time to disease progression (TTP) and overall survival (OS). Pts were stratified by disease status and concomitant hormone therapy (HT). Results: 1028 pts were randomized: 34% received concurrent HT (n = 350). The concomitant treatment in the two treatment arms on hormone therapy (n = 180 T, n = 170 C) consisted mainly of SERMs (43% vs. 39%) and AIs (47% vs. 52%). OS and TTP analyses were performed (table). Conclusions: In pts not concomitantly treated with hormones no difference between T and C was demonstrated. However, HT combined with T indicates a favorable trend based on the current database. Currently, not enough events have been reached to calculate median overall survival for the Theratope arms combined with all hormone modalities, AIs, and SERMs. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Biomira, Inc.; EMD Pharmaceuticals Biomira, Inc. Biomira, Inc.
Cutaneous immunofluorescence in primary biliary cirrhosis
Authors: H. W. Randle
Journal: JAMA (1981)

Biopsy specimens of normal skin of 11 patients with primary biliary cirrhosis were studied by immunofluorescence for immunoglobulin and complement deposition. Of the 11 patients, seven had positive immunofluorescent staining, primarily in a granular pattern either at the basement membrane zone or around the blood vessels or in both locations. The principal immunoglobulin noted was IgM, which, in six of the seven patients, was seen at the basement membrane zone or around the vessels (or both). Deposition with C3, fibrin, IgA, and IgG was seen less frequently. In this series of patients, cutaneous lesions included discoid lupus erythematosus, lichen planus, vitiligo, chronic bullous lesions of the legs, and scleroderma. Non-organ-specific immunologic markers in this group included elevated levels of IgG, IgM, and IgA, antinuclear antibodies, anti-nDNA, rheumatoid factor, antimitochondrial antibodies, smooth-muscle antibodies, and circulating immune complexes. We wish to add cutaneous immunofluorescence as an additional immunologic marker for primary biliary cirrhosis. (<i>JAMA</i>1981;246:1679-1681)
Pemphigoid.
Journal: BMJ (1978)

Describing new syndromesThe classification and study of developmental abnormalities start with identifying disease entities.This often relies on the definition of a composite picture from several variables including the clinical appearances, aetiology, pathogenesis, treatment, and prognosis of a sample of those affected.This method is and has been very useful-with the caveat that it should be applied cautiously to prognosis, which in develop- mental disease may lead to a self-fulfilling prophecy.Recently Garlinger et all have used this approach to try to distinguish between a complete and a partial trisomy in Down's syndrome and so to identify a recognisable new clinical entity, partial trisomy 22.They relied on one case of their own and 16 derived from published reports.The children ranged in age from newborns to 17 years.The delineation of a new clinical entity in this context requires attention to continuous variables such as IQ, linear growth, craniofacial asymmetry, the interorbital space, the slant of orbital fissures, length of philtrum, the siting and configuration of external ears, and the size of mandible.The authors state, "The facial features of our case 1 show a striking resemblance to those of other translocation cases-mild coarseness of features with a broad nose and a long philtrum."These features are difficult to measure and in the absence of objective methods photographs are invaluable to capture the clinical observer's concept.The photographs published in support of the new syndrome are far from convincing, however, and the other publications cited refer to children of widely different ages and states of nutrition, which again makes comparison very difficult.Furthermore, Garlinger et al clustered together major system abnormalities to imply a commonality of aetiology that can be misleading.Thus they advance diverse skeletal variations such as scoliosis, hypoplasia of the middle phalanx, and overgrowth of the medial femoral condyle as constant variables occurring in the partial trisomy.They emphasise, and correctly so, the difficulty in identifying a single small acrocentric chromosome; and yet they categorise two cases2 3 as examples of partial trisomy though this dis- agrees with the original authors' interpretation.In such circumstances they should surely have justified their own assessment.
Chemical Exposure and Intestinal Function
Authors: Carol M. Schiller
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1979)

The particular substances that are ingested by individuals are the consequence of their environmental, residential, and occupational exposures. The possible effects of these exposures on intestinal functions can be examined by the evaluation of in vivo or in vitro exposure followed by an in vivo and/or in vitro monitoring of effects. Several examples of the in vivo exposure and in vitro monitoring approach are presented to demonstrate the consequences of oral exposure to either a heavy metal (arsenic), or a herbicide contaminant (2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin) or a jet fuel propellant (hydrazine) and the subsequent measurement of either a particular metabolic pathway, or a cell-specific enzyme induction or the development of brush border enzymes are presented.
Hepatology Highlights
Authors: Rachel Niec, Robert E. Schwartz, Russell Rosenblatt, Vikas Gupta, Zaid H. Tafesh, Robert S. Brown, Nicholas Russo, Shirley Cohen‐Mekelburg, Saurabh Mukewar, Aleksey Novikov
Journal: Hepatology (2018)

Niec, Rachel; Schwartz, Robert E.; Rosenblatt, Russell; Gupta, Vikas; Tafesh, Zaid H.; Brown, Robert S. Jr.; Russo, Nicholas; Cohen‐Mekelburg, Shirley; Mukewar, Saurabh; Novikov, Aleksey Author Information
Care of serious trauma in southern Sweden
Authors: C. F. Frey
Journal: JAMA (1984)

Ottosson and Krantz<sup>1</sup>in a retrospective review of all deaths from motor vehicle accidents in 1981 in southern Sweden concluded only three of 159 were preventable. They attributed their excellent results to a decentralized prehospital and hospital system of care. Before examining the features of the Swedish system of trauma care that might have application in the United States, we ought to scrutinize the claim made by the authors that only three of 159 deaths were preventable. The subjective determination as to whether a death was preventable, nonpreventable, or possibly preventable was made by the authors, all experienced forensic pathologists, using the delphi technique. Their judgments were buttressed through use of the Abbreviated Injury Scale 80 (AIS 80) and its injury severity counterpart, the Injury Severity Score (ISS) developed by Susan Baker. The absence of general surgeons or neurosurgeons among the authors of this report and the authors' decision
Health and justice professionals set goals to lessen domestic violence
Authors: C. Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1994)

IT'S AN OLD story—one that members of the healing, teaching, social service, and legal professions in particular would like to see come to an end. For many years Mary (not her real name) was abused by her husband psychologically and physically. She went to the police for help, without success. She sought assistance from her church, with equal lack of success. Finally, Mary got a job and decided to leave the abusive relationship. She got legal advice and obtained a court order of restraint against her husband, then moved out of town. A few weeks later, Mary's husband tracked her down and shot her dead. The man escaped legal punishment on grounds of temporary insanity. This story was related by Palma E. Formica, MD, a family physician who practices in Old Bridge, NJ, at the National Conference on Family Violence: Health and Justice, held last month in Washington, DC. "Mary
Nitric Oxide as an Inflammatory Mediator in Autoimmune MRL-Ipr/Ipr Mice
Authors: J. Brice Weinberg
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1998)

Nitric oxide (NO) may exhibit proinflammatory features.*NO synthase type 2 (NOS2) is overexpressed and 'NO overproduced in rodent models of induced inflammation.Blockage of 'NO production by administration of NOS inhibitors prevents or reduces various types of induced inflammation in mice and rats.We have shown that autoimmune MRL-lpr/1pr mice overexpress NOS2 and overproduce 'NO in an age-dependent fashion that parallels expression of arthritis, glomerulonephritis, and vasculitis.Blocking 'NO production by oral administration of the NOS inhibitor M\-monomethyl-L-arginine reduced the arthritis, glomerulonephritis, and vasculitis, but it did not modify serum anti-DNA antibody levels or glomerular deposition of immune complexes.When mice with genetically disrupted NOS2 were backcrossed to MRL-lpr/1pr mice, the resultant (-/-) mice expressed no NOS2 and produced no 'NO, the wild-type (+/+) mice overexpressed NOS2 and overproduced 'NO (in comparison to normal, control mice), and the heterozygous (+/-) mice expressed and produced intermediate levels.Nephritis and arthritis in the (-/-) mice were comparable to that in MRL-lpr/lpr mice, but vasculitis was markedly decreased.Levels of anti- DNA antibodies were comparable in all mice, but lgG rheumatoid factor production was markedly reduced in the (-/-) mice.These results of studies in MRL-lpr/lpr mice with genetically disrupted NOS2 highlight the heterogeneity and complexity of the role of NOS2 and 'NO in inflammation.
VENOCLYSIS
Authors: GEORGE A. HENDON
Journal: JAMA (1930)

Venoclysis is a term which I<sup>1</sup>have employed to designate a method for the biologic and continuous administration of physiologic and therapeutic solutions directly into the blood stream. The rate of the flow is regulated so that it will enter the blood stream in accordance with an estimated rate of delivery and distribution. Clinical experiences seem to indicate that for the adult individual this rate is approximately 200 cc. of fluid an hour, or a range of between 4,000 and 5,000 cc. of fluid in the twenty-four hours. The estimate of physiologic tolerance has been based, first, on the fact that patients receiving this amount of fluid at the rate here indicated are free from chills and sudden elevation of temperature, which regularly occur when solutions are suddenly or rapidly introduced directly into the circulation. Secondly, the rise in blood sugar is never more than 200 and then only
From the Centers for Disease Control. Weapon-carrying among high school students
Journal: JAMA (1991)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
From the authors:
Authors: M.K. Han, F.J. Martinez
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2010)

We would like to thank J.E. Hansen for his detailed response to our recently published analysis regarding prevalence of bronchoreversibility in subjects enrolled in the National Emphysema Treatment Trial [1].J.E. Hansen raises a concern that the American Thoracic Society (ATS)/European Respiratory Society (ERS) definition of bronchoreversibility is too restrictive in that it requires both an absolute forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) o200 mL and a 12% increase in FEV1 to qualify as a positive test, which may underestimate bronchoreversibility in a patient population with very low lung function.J.E. Hansen has asked us for a reanalysis of the data with this in mind.If we use the ATS criteria for bronchoreversibility, 121 (22.2%) subjects met these criteria at least once during the period of evaluation.If we choose a 12% absolute increase in FEV1 alone as our definition for bronchoreversibility, 452 (83%) subjects met this criterion at least once during the period of evaluation.As J.E. Hansen suspected, the number of subjects meeting this less restrictive criterion is significantly higher, although possibly too high, making the clinical utility less clear.As J.E. Hansen pointed out, identifying the ''perfect'' measure for bronchoreversibility is not an easy task and perhaps should depend on the subject population being studied.The data we present in our paper helps us to better understand the prevalence of bronchoreversibility in the severe emphysema patient population, but the choice of definition for bronchoreversibility should ultimately be determined by the definition that best discriminates patients as they relate to clinically meaningful outcomes.
Neurohumoral regulation of coronary flow: Role of the endothelium. (Developments in cardiovascular medicine, vol. 150) Edited by W.H. van Gilst, K.I. Lie, 145 pp., US$58.00 (hardback). Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers Group, 1993. ISBN 0-7923-2588-5
Authors: G Billman
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1995)
Cavitating pulmonary nodules complicating Hodgkin's disease
Authors: P. M. Hatfield
Journal: JAMA (1971)

Dr. Hatfield: This 64-year-old man with a six-year history of Hodgkin's disease complained of pain in the right side of the chest of three days' duration. For six years he had received high doses of steroids, which had induced myopathy in his legs. He also had severe coronary artery disease with at least one myocardial infarct, angina, atrial fibrillation, and recurrent congestive failure. He first received melphalan (Alkeran) two years previously when he was admitted to the hospital with pain in the right side of the chest and lowgrade fever. Results of physical examination were unremarkable, except for a grade 2/6 apical systolic murmur and palpable right inguinal nodes. Roentgenograms of the chest (Fig 1 and 2) demonstrate the subacute evolution of nodular masses within both lungs, with eventual cavitation. Between these two examinations, the patient received 1,000 rads in one week to both lungs. There was no discernible response
Hemoglobin synthesis and thalassemia
Authors: S. M. Weissman
Journal: JAMA (1967)

The thalassemia syndromes are a group of congenital disorders which produce minimal to moderate anemia in the heterozygote and profound anemia in the homozygote. Thalassemia is widespread in several population groups. It has attracted the attention of many clinical investigators and molecular biologists because of its potential for the understanding of a variety of congenital diseases as well as basic biologic processes. Recent research has established that thalassemia is caused by a failure to produce normal amounts of one of the peptide chains of hemoglobin. The defect occurs even though the peptide produced appears to have a normal structure. This is of interest since some other hereditary disorders due to deficient function of a protein may also be caused by underproduction rather than structural alterations of the enzyme and thalassemia may serve as a prototype for these disorders. While there has been a rapid increase in knowledge of the mechanism
New Insights in Social Behavior
Authors: Victor C. Vaughan
Journal: JAMA (1966)

None of us need to be reminded that in the world in which we live today there is a pressing need for better understanding of factors which determine the relationships between individuals, between families, and between peoples and nations. The planet is convulsed and its life seriously threatened by tensions and misunderstanding which grow out of the varying senses of identity, role, and purpose which distinguish individuals, groups, and cultures from each other. As we grope for some insight as to how this state of affairs came to pass, our attention is turned to some aspects of growth and development which indicate how the medical profession can be one of the catalysts which will accelerate the achievement of a steady state in human affairs. For human action and interaction is in the final analysis rooted in human biology. As a group of citizens with unique background in human biology, physicians
Mucormycosis in a renal transplant recipient with successful outcome
Authors: M. Henriquez
Journal: JAMA (1979)

MUCORMYCOSIS is usually a fatal disease that occurs in patients with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, in patients with an abnormal immunologic system such as immunodeficiency states, or in patients receiving immunosuppressive drugs.<sup>1</sup>Few cases of mucormycosis have been reported in patients with renal transplants. With the increasing number of renal transplants in diabetics, mucormycosis may be seen in these patients. It is important to be aware of the clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment of this fungal disease. A patient with juvenile-onset diabetes mellitus experienced mucormycosis with invasion of sinuses and hard palate two years after kidney transplantation. The patient responded to treatment with amphotericin B, surgical debridement of sinuses, and discontinuation of therapy with immunosuppressive drugs. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 20-year-old woman was admitted to the Albert Einstein Medical Center in October 1977 with the chief complaint of left frontal headache, malaise, and numbness in the left side of
COMPENSATION OF PHYSICIANS SUMMONED BY STATE OFFICERS.
Journal: JAMA (1893)

It is an important question for physicians liable to be summoned as experts by State officers to know what rights they have with regard to fees, and especially whether the action of a particular officer or board in fixing their compensation, when so provided for by law, is final and conclusive, or not. Under a former Iowa statute, providing that the coroner might, when he deemed it advisable, summon one or more physicians at an inquest, and that he should fix the compensation for such services, it was held (in Cushman vs. Washington Co., 45 Iowa, 256) that the coroner, or the justice acting in his absence, was the officer or tribunal exclusively charged with the duty of fixing the compensation in question. For refusal to act on the claim made, he might be compelled to do so by mandamus. For allowing an insufficient compensation, as no appeal was allowed,
Migraine prevention with beta-blockers: a placebo effect?
Authors: R. J. Gaudet
Journal: JAMA (1985)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The Professional Advisory Board of the Epilepsy Foundation of America is rightfully concerned about epileptics leading full lives.<sup>1</sup>However, their admonition that they should be allowed to scuba dive is woefully misdirected. The hyper-baric environment creates a radically new milieu for the epileptic diver, for example, constant acidosis due to carbon dioxide retention, the presence of "silent bubbles" on "safe" dives, and a host of metabolic changes known and unknown. The most important point, however, is that the epileptic diver puts his diving buddies at mortal risk when he decides he is going to dive. Diving with a buddy is always taught today and the underwater rescue of a convulsing buddy is almost always unsuccessful and often results in a double death. Even if the stricken diver can be retrieved to the dive boat, immediate helicopter evacuation is necessary due to the risk of air embolism,
Endoscopic Gastrostomy
Authors: K Hashiba
Journal: Endoscopy (1987)

An endoscopic technique for establishing a gastrostomy, using suture, was employed in 56 patients. The use of stitches accounts for the absence of major complications, and permits easy management of the tube. The patients were able to receive food 12 hours after the procedure. The operation was performed under the same conditions as routine examinations of the upper digestive tract. The results suggest that this procedure might be not only the safest, but also the simplest kind of gastrostomy.
Effect of Crohn Disease Biologics
Journal: JAMA (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal