tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Body Mass Index and Risk for End-Stage Renal Disease
Authors: Chi-yuan Hsu, Carlos Iribarren, Alan S. Go
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2006)

Letters2 May 2006Body Mass Index and Risk for End-Stage Renal DiseaseChi-yuan Hsu, MD, MSc, Carlos Iribarren, MD, MPH, PhD, and Alan S. Go, MDChi-yuan Hsu, MD, MScFrom the University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-0532, and Kaiser Permanente of Northern California, Oakland, CA 94612-2304., Carlos Iribarren, MD, MPH, PhDFrom the University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-0532, and Kaiser Permanente of Northern California, Oakland, CA 94612-2304., and Alan S. Go, MDFrom the University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-0532, and Kaiser Permanente of Northern California, Oakland, CA 94612-2304.Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-144-9-200605020-00022 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:We thank Drs. Thorp, Kalantar-Zadeh, and Kopple for their interest in our study, in which we showed that increased baseline BMI is a strong risk factor for ESRD. They questioned whether persons with CKD who are obese have paradoxically better survival than those who are not obese and whether what has been called "reverse epidemiology" could explain our findings.We would like to emphasize that our study was not limited only to those persons with baseline CKD. Overall, 1036 out of 1471 cases of ESRD developed among individuals who did not have baseline CKD (defined as an estimated ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From the University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-0532, and Kaiser Permanente of Northern California, Oakland, CA 94612-2304.Disclosures: None disclosed. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoBody Mass Index and Risk for End-Stage Renal Disease Chi-yuan Hsu , Charles E. McCulloch , Carlos Iribarren , Jeanne Darbinian , and Alan S. Go Body Mass Index and Risk for End-Stage Renal Disease Micah L. Thorp Body Mass Index and Risk for End-Stage Renal Disease Kamyar Kalantar-Zadeh and Joel D. Kopple Metrics Cited byManaging the Obese Living Kidney DonorClinical correlates of renal dysfunction in hypertensive patients without cardiovascular complications: the REDHY studyWaist-to-Hip Ratio and Body Mass Index as Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Events in CKDLong-term outcomes in nondiabetic chronic kidney diseaseCARDIOVASCULAR AND SURVIVAL PARADOXES IN DIALYSIS PATIENTS: Reverse Epidemiology in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease Who Are Not Yet on DialysisBody Mass Index and Mortality in CKDA History of Obesity, or How What Was Good Became Ugly and Then Bad 2 May 2006Volume 144, Issue 9Page: 701-702KeywordsBody mass indexConflicts of interestEpidemiologyMedical risk factorsOverweightProteinuriaRenal failure ePublished: 2 May 2006 Issue Published: 2 May 2006 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2006 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
How about hypochondriacs?
Authors: P. Gunby
Journal: JAMA (1981)

Physicians should realize that hypochondriacs really are sick, says a Los Angeles psychiatrist who suggests encouraging these patients to try to master one symptom at a time. "Pain is no less painful if its cause is imaginary," says Warren R. Procci, MD, assistant professor of psychiatry and behavioral science, University of Southern California (USC). "In fact," he says, "hypochondriasis can be more agonizing than diseases with physical causes" because it is disruptive and seemingly hopeless. The cause of hypochondriasis is not known, Procci admits. "All we know is that it can strike anyone... although it does seem to get more prevalent as people get older and more conscious of their bodily functions. Moreover, the condition is beyond the patient's conscious control, unlike the manipulative behavior we call 'malingering.' " Procci, who also is director, psychiatric consultation service, Los Angeles County-USC Medical Center, notes that hypochondriacs are at risk "of talking themselves
Oral cholera vaccines to control endemic disease: an economic and epidemiological modelling analysis
Authors: Vittal Mogasale, Ann Levin, Brian Maskery, Denise DeRoeck, Young Eun Kim, John Clemens, Anna Lena Lopez, Colleen Burgess, Thomas Wierzba
Journal: The Lancet Global Health (2013)

BackgroundCholera is endemic in several Asian and African countries and has gained increased attention in recent years after large outbreaks. Interest is growing about use of oral cholera vaccine to control cholera in endemic settings. We analysed the economics and epidemiology of oral cholera vaccines for this purpose.MethodsWe assessed the effect of repeated cholera vaccination campaigns to prevent outbreaks in high-risk endemic areas accounting for programme and disease costs. We used a demand forecast to predict the potential year of adoption for various cholera-endemic countries based on country characteristics. We used a dynamic disease transmission model to assess the population-level effect of cholera vaccination programmes on disease incidence and mortality.FindingsDemand from 33 endemic countries in Africa and Asia is predicted to be 6–18 million doses in 2015 rising to 62–141 million doses per year by 2022, depending on the assumed programme option. Costs will range from US$18 million to $49 million in 2015 and increase to $140 million–319 million per year by 2022. Between 2015 and 2022, the vaccination programmes could prevent 2·3 million–4·9 million cases of cholera and 75 000–154 000 deaths. All programme options were very cost-effective compared with regional average gross domestic product, with the cost per disability-adjusted life-year averted ranging from $151 to $785.InterpretationA targeted programme of cholera vaccination using the oral killed whole-cell vaccine in 33 endemic countries would significantly reduce the cholera disease burden and risk of epidemics, and would be cost-effective.FundingGovernment of Kuwait, Government of Sweden, and Government of South Korea.
Congenital Rubella Syndrome Among the Amish—Pennsylvania, 1991-1992
Journal: JAMA (1992)

From February through May 1991, an outbreak of rubella occurred among the Amish in Pennsylvania that was part of a widespread rubella outbreak reported among the Amish in at least six states during 1991 (1). The Pennsylvania Department of Health (PDH), in cooperation with CDC, conducted an investigation to document cases of rubella among pregnant Amish women in Lancaster County and a cohort study to estimate the risk for congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) among infants born to Amish mothers from November 1, 1991, through January 31, 1992. This report summarizes investigation and study findings.
ALASTRIM
Journal: JAMA (1922)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Phase III Study of Letrozole Versus Tamoxifen As First-Line Therapy of Advanced Breast Cancer in Postmenopausal Women: Analysis of Survival and Update of Efficacy From the International Letrozole Breast Cancer Group
Authors: Aman U. Buzdar
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

In an updated study, Mouridsen et al 1 compared long-term efficacy and overall survival after firstline treatment of advanced breast cancer with letrozole versus tamoxifen.I have concerns with the conclusions drawn from this article, particularly those relating to a proposed early survival benefit for letrozole.While the data from the trial initially appear impressive, with improvements in the primary end point of time to progression for letrozole versus tamoxifen, their significance may be due to several confounding factors.][4] This study, therefore, fails to either demonstrate convincing superiority for letrozole or present a clear picture of the relative efficacy of the two agents.This study had a specific cross-over design: patients received randomized treatment until progression or discontinuation due to other reasons.Patients then still eligible for hormonal therapy could be crossed over to the alternative treatment in a double-blind fashion and continued until further progression.While the use of the crossover design was an attempt to reflect clinical practice, in that patients progressing on one endocrine agent may be switched to another as second-line therapy, this design may make results difficult to interpret.In prospectively planned analyses, the mature data at 32 months follow-up (at which point many patients had crossed over to the alternative treatment) did not show any significant benefit for letrozole over tamoxifen in overall survival (OS; P ϭ .53 by protocol log-rank test).Additional exploratory analyses were then used to suggest that there might, however, be a survival benefit of letrozole at earlier time points.These exploratory findings are difficult to evaluate, as neither confidence intervals for the difference between the two arms, nor the number of deaths re-
Does Menopausal Hormone Replacement Therapy Interact With Known Factors to Increase Risk of Breast Cancer?
Authors: Giske Ursin, Chiu-Chen Tseng, Annlia Paganini-Hill, Shelley Enger, Peggy C. Wan, Silvia Formenti, Malcolm C. Pike, Ronald K. Ross
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2002)

PURPOSE: We and other investigators have previously shown that postmenopausal combined estrogen and progestin replacement therapy (EPRT) increases the risk of breast cancer and that the risk associated with EPRT is substantially higher than for estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) alone. The present study was conducted to determine whether any particular subgroup of women are at particularly high risk of breast cancer if they use EPRT and whether tumor characteristics in women who develop cancer while on ERT or EPRT are different from those in women not using ERT or EPRT. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We conducted a population-based case-control study in Los Angeles, CA, with patients diagnosed with breast cancer in the late 1980s and early 1990s. Control subjects were matched to patients on age, ethnicity, and neighborhood of residence. We present data on 1,897 postmenopausal patients and 1,637 controls aged 55 to 72 years who had not undergone a simple hysterectomy. RESULTS: Relative risk of breast cancer associated with EPRT use did not vary with body mass index (body mass index at or below v above median [24.6 kg/m 2 ]; P = .98), alcohol intake (≥ one v &lt; one drink per week; P = .16), parity (nulliparous v parous; P = .45), history of benign breast disease (yes v no; P = .99), or family history of breast cancer (first degree v none; P = .57). All of these results were compatible with our previously reported estimate of an increased risk of breast cancer of 5% per year of use of EPRT. Hormone users, principally EPRT users, were more likely to have hormone receptor–positive, especially progesterone-positive, tumors. CONCLUSION: We found no evidence that the risk of breast cancer associated with EPRT is limited to subgroups of women with specific cofactors. Tumors in EPRT users are more often hormone receptor–positive, indicating that they may have a better prognosis than breast cancer overall.
Teenage pregnancy
Authors: T. F. McDonald
Journal: JAMA (1976)

THERE is a rumor in the community that unwanted pregnancies are a problem of the past: the Pill has eliminated the element of surprise in pregnancy and finally put some reason into the rhymes of love. While this may be true for some, it does not apply to that great majority of American girls wending their way from puberty to adulthood. One of every ten adolescent girls becomes a mother before she graduates from high school, ie, approximately 210,000 each year, a number that increases by 3,000 per year. With one in four pregnancies unrecorded and abortions not included in pregnancy statistics, it becomes clear that the rumor about unwanted pregnancy serves only to muddle an already complex problem. Few of these girls have wanted to get pregnant. Many have had little sexual experience. Given the usual confusions of adolescence, it is no wonder that sudden pregnancy wreaks havoc in
Medicalized Sex
Authors: S Goldsmith
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1970)

In response to an article by Gordis et. al., in which is was noted that only 50 of 100 teen-aged girls placed on contraceptives remained in the program after 1 year, it is suggested that in dealing with sexually active teen-age girls, it is important to take into account that comprehensive medical procedures, such as pelvic exams, laboratory tests, and visits from psychologists and social workers, are incompatible with the emotional and social aspects of adolescents. Rather, the "free clinic" atmosphere, discussion groups, informal counseling, and confidentiality are some of the areas to be stressed.
Nuclear War
Authors: A. A. Clark, J. W. Junor, J. W. Cook, A. C. Macdonald, J. D. Bankier, C. Rankin, H. Brebner, E. R. J. Ritchie, P. I. Brown, K. B. Scott, A. Fairley, W. J. Scott, T. E. S. Fergusson, W. Tait, J. M. Fleming, A. C. Thomson, W. J. Gordon
Journal: BMJ (1961)
Current Assessment Practices for Noncancer End Points
Authors: Chon R. Shoaf
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1991)

The need for assessing noncancer risks for agents to which humans are routinely exposed indoors arises from the large amount of time spent indoors (i.e., employed persons spend about 60% of their time at home indoors, 30% at work indoors, and 5% in transit). Sources of air pollutants include heating and cooling systems, combustion appliances, personal use products, furnishings, tobacco products, pesticides, bioeffluents from humans and animals, and other microbial contamination such as toxins from molds. The purpose of this paper is to describe current dose-response assessment methods applicable to assessing risk following exposure to indoor air pollutants. The role of structure-activity relationships in hazard identification is also described. Risk assessments from exposure to indoor air pollutants require exposure assessments and dose-response assessments. Dose-response assessment methodologies include the inhalation reference concentration (RfC), structure-activity relationships, dose-response models, and the decision analytic approach. The RfC is an estimate (with uncertainty spanning perhaps an order of magnitude) of a daily exposure to the human population (including sensitive subgroups) that is likely to be without an appreciable risk of deleterious effects during a lifetime. The current RfC method provides guidelines for making the necessary dosimetric adjustments for gases and aerosols. Human equivalent concentrations for no-observed-adverse-effect levels in animals are determined by using mathematical relationships that adjust for regional deposition, solubility, ventilation rate, and blood:air partition coefficients. The RfC methodology exists as an interim methodology. Future scientific advancements are expected to further refine the approach.
Reply
Authors: L. Bachmann Andersen, K. Thestrup-Pedersen
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1988)

Journal Article Reply Get access L. Bachmann Andersen, L. Bachmann Andersen Department of Dermatology, Marselisborg Hospital, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K. Thestrup‐Pedersen K. Thestrup‐Pedersen Department of Dermatology, Marselisborg Hospital, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 118, Issue 4, 1 April 1988, Page 585, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1988.tb02475.x Published: 01 April 1988
Infectious Mononucleosis
Authors: Katherine Luzuriaga, John L. Sullivan
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2010)

A 16-year-old, previously healthy girl presents with a several-day history of fever, sore throat, and malaise. She appears very tired and has a temperature of 39°C. A physical examination is remarkable for diffuse pharyngeal erythema with moderately enlarged tonsils and the presence of several enlarged, tender anterior and posterior cervical lymph nodes. How should this case be managed?
Medical Management of Mental Problems in the Aged
Authors: Paul W. Dale
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1961)

IT might perhaps help one to understand this subject to divide the mental disorders of the aged into four groups: those due to loss of cells in the brain; those due to impaired cerebral metabolism; those due to psychological influences; and those due to endogenous depression.Disorders of the first group are the "chronic brain syndromes" of the American Medical Association Standard Nomenclature of Diseases, 1 or the "organic mental disorders" in the vernacular. The cause may be ischemia from cerebral arteriosclerosis, small or large infarctions from arterial or arteriolar occlusions, destruction from hemorrhage, loss of cells from senile changes, Alzheimer's . . .
Abstracts
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1965)

After a well-documented review of the aetiology, pathology, epidemiology, clinical manifestations, associ- ated conditions, differential diagnosis, and treatment of Sydenham's chorea, the authors of this paper describe their findings in fifty patients selected at random from 186 who had been admitted to the Babies Hospital of the Columbia-Presbyterian Medical Center, New York, 22 to 34 years previously.At the time of the follow-up examination fifteen of the fifty patients had heart disease and two others had died of it.Of the fifteen patients, twelve with cardiac signs of mitral regurgitation or mitral stenosis were symptom-free.The incidence of cardiac disease was higher (6 out of 11) if valvulitis had been diagnosed on admission than if it had not (11 out of 39).The presence of other rheumatic manifestations also increased the subsequent risk of valvular disease.Thus ten out of thirteen patients with rheumatic fever ultimately developed heart disease compared with only seven out of 37 without rheumatic fever.In cases of pure chorea the risk of subsequent heart disease was greater when the initial attack was severe.Recurrences of chorea, however, did not lead to an increased incidence of cardiac involvement.Absence of an organic murmur did not imply freedom from future valvular disease.this having occurred in 22 per cent. of such cases.It is therefore recommended that patients with Sydenham's chorea should be given continuous antibiotic prophylaxis such as patients with acute rheumatic fever would receive.Estimation of the erythrocyte sedimentation rate, electrocardiography, and chest radiography were found to be of no prognostic value.John Lorber
Errata
Journal: Circulation Research (1959)

BAYLEY, R. II.: Unipolar potential measurements in the electric field produced by an arbitrary dipole in a circular homogeneous lamina. Circulation Research 7: 537, 1959. page 539: figure 1 and figure 2. have been reversed. legend for figure 2, last word of fourth line should be "decades." page 541: column 3, table 4 should be headed " f R(m) ."
The Prognostic Advantage of Calreticulin Mutations in Myelofibrosis Might be Confined to Type 1 or “type 1-like” Calreticulin Variants
Authors: Ayalew Tefferi, Terra L Lasho, Alexander Tischer, Emnet A Wassie, Christy Finke, Alem A Belachew, Rhett Ketterling, Curtis A Hanson, Animesh Pardanani
Journal: Blood (2014)
The value and future of the olympic games
Authors: M. L. Howell
Journal: JAMA (1972)

The modern Olympic Games and Baron Pierre de Coubertin were products of their times. The modern Games were idealistically based, differing markedly from the ancient Games. And the 1972 Games, in turn, differ greatly from the 1896 Games. The Games have also been subject to change, with 120 nations competing in 1972 and a mere 12 in 1896. Perhaps the modern values of the Games are (1) the opportunity for the athletes to meet and participate against athletes of all colors, races, and creeds; (2) the opportunity for the athlete to travel to other countries and learn to understand better the way of life in those lands; and (3) the opportunity for the athlete to test himself in a supreme challenge, physically and emotionally.
SOME LESSONS OF WAR-TIME UNDERNUTRITION
Journal: JAMA (1926)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal