tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Surgical Pathology of the Diseases of Bones.
Journal: JAMA (1933)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
"Beyond Love"
Authors: D. Cook
Journal: BMJ (1995)

Service crops (commonly known as cover crops) are plants grown in agroecosystems for the ecosystem services they provide rather than a harvestable product. One such service they provide is that of increased crop water supply. By reducing evaporative water loss and increasing soil water storage, storage capacity, and the successive crop9s ability to access stored water, service crops may be used to increase agroecosystem resiliency to seasonal water deficits and so improve crop yields. In many instances, however, these benefits are not realized. This is more likely a consequence of suboptimal management, or management tailored to provide other services, rather than the ultimate capacity of service crops to contribute to agroecosystem resilience. After reviewing the literature, we propose that service crop polycultures—in contrast with monocultures—have the greatest potential to provide this service, and that, if properly managed, a grass/legume/taproot service crop mixture could maximize multifunctionality while also offsetting the challenges associated with the component species when grown in monoculture.
Measles in children previously vaccinated against measles
Authors: S. J. Lerman
Journal: JAMA (1971)

An outbreak of measles (rubeola) occurred in a city in northeastern Ohio between January and June 1969, involving 14 children previously inoculated with live attenuated measles virus vaccine and 46 unvaccinated children. In a school where the attack rate was 52.4% for unvaccinated children, the attack rate for children vaccinated by one particular physician was 17.9%, compared with 1.2% for children vaccinated by the local health department and other physicians. Vaccine in this physician's office was exposed to temperatures that may have contributed to virus inactivation. This study is an example of vaccine efficacy under conditions of current community use that is less than anticipated by field trial experience. Lack of initial seroconversion is the most likely cause of these vaccine failures and deterioration of vaccine infectivity during storage is proposed as the probable explanation.
Role of Kupffer cells in gut ischemia/reperfusion-induced hepatic microvascular dysfunction in mice
Authors: Y Horie
Journal: Hepatology (1997)

Kupffer cells (KCs) have been implicated in the leukocyte recruitment and microvascular dysfunction associated with liver inflammation. The overall objective of this study was to assess the role of KCs in the leukocyte adhesion and oxidative stress elicited in the liver by gut ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). The accumulation of rhodamine-6G-labeled leukocytes and the number of nonperfused sinusoids (NPS) were monitored (by intravital microscopy) in mouse liver for 1 hour after a 15-minute period of normothermic intestinal ischemia. Autofluorescence of pyridine nucleotide [NAD(P)H] was measured as an index of mitochondrial O2 consumption and redox status. Leukostasis, as well as increases in NPS and NAD(P)H autofluorescence (indicating hypoxia), were observed in the liver at 60 minutes after gut I/R. Pretreatment with gadolinium chloride (GdCl3), which reduces KC function, attenuated the liver leukostasis and NPS elicited by gut I/R. The platelet activating factor (PAF) antagonist, WEB2086, and a tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α-specific antibody were also effective in attenuating the gut I/R-induced leukostasis and NAD(P)H autofluorescence. The findings of this study suggest that KCs play an important role in mediating the leukocyte recruitment, impaired sinusoidal perfusion, and tissue hypoxia elicited in the liver after gut I/R. These KC-mediated responses appear to involve the participation of both PAF and TNF-α.
Motility and colorectal
Authors: Jvy Sr, Anoan Malolm', A Mai&, P Jenns3, G Muphy, Jah Wassm4, R Dowlig, Cerebrovascular Aiha, B Herd
Journal: Gut (1996)

Backgmun: In addfitio to its effect on gaffbladdar (GB) eniptymg we have show reendy digt o0Creoide (01) proog htei tU* and ess the p por1ioofdceoic aid d/oDCA)and the dstd saturatio ofGB bie- ctors i t in the p s ofOT-ied GB tnes (GBS).It seened mlpotantoths'ore, to see whtelw the proldktic dnig isapride, nigt overom adeaer,eectsofTonhestinalnsd byprv tngtherise m /%DCA MdhL: Thadore, m 8 aromegaii patients (age 22-69; 4 wome) recmg bong-tm OT (LTOTI), we used a ra niise, dobebi " xavsgo~design to stndy the t of sapide (10mg qds for 2 weeks) on: (i)moxth-toacem twtime (MCTI) nme ed by the breat hydro tecique, (a) l bowel tWnt tn (LBTI) nlmred usg naker apes, ad (ii) the %/DCA in litg sen (snce de is an ehange, and uliatly an equi un, betee bile acids m senn and bie).We den cmpared hese resl withoseobtaiedin8 ame (age309, 3 women) uedMwith OT.Resut: Meanvakues± SEM no T LTOT+ LTOT+ MMCIT(mo 171+14.7**26818.3183±17.1 ** LB1T (h) 3914.9 * 54±.3 304.4 ** %D/WCA15±1.8* 24±2.9 13±4.5*p<O.O5, ** p<0.005 comp to LTOT +placo.For all 3 groups, hre was a giffinr1rdiatopbetweenLBITand0/oDCA(n"24, r=0.76, p<.005).C dusions: TIh rsuls dearly show that dsaxide s the efects ofOT on both smal and lae bowe t, peven the ise in °/oDCA in snm, and by the %/oDCA in bile.If chne in itesal tansit are raeitg in the ofOT-iduced GBS, asaptide shuld prevent stonefomatm Motility and colorectal W30-W38 W30
PTH-027 Analysis of Looping Patterns in Colonoscopy Using Scopeguide; Their Relation to Completion Times and Configurations In Cadaveric Colons
Authors: J Lam, J Wilkinson, C Brassett, J Brown
Journal: Gut (2016)

<h3>Introduction</h3> ScopeGuide™ magnetic imaging provides a real-time 3 D reconstruction of the position and configuration of the endoscope within the colon, and enables rapid identification and resolution of newly-formed loops. Previous studies have shown benefits in terms of completion rates and comfort scores and the technology has an established role in training.<sup>1</sup> This study aims to analyse the looping patterns of the sigmoid and transverse colons during colonoscopy, their relation to completion times in experienced hands and the configurations of these colonic segments in undisturbed cadavers. <h3>Methods</h3> 103 ScopeGuide™ videos of consecutive normal colonoscopies performed by one bowel cancer screening (BCS) colonoscopist with comfort scores on the BCS 50<sup>th</sup> centile were analysed. Repeated inspection of the videos enabled standard definitions to be introduced for looping patterns of the sigmoid and transverse colons. In addition, the configurations of the sigmoid and transverse segments of the colons in the undisturbed abdomens of 81 cadavers were investigated and their relation to the colonoscopic data explored. The association between completion time and the different configurations seen at colonoscopy were analysed with a one-way ANOVA and sex differences in mobility in live cases and cadavers by Fisher’s exact test. <h3>Results</h3> For the colonoscopies, significant sex differences were found in both sigmoid (p = 0.0233) and transverse (p = 0.0006) colonic configurations. While sigmoid loops in this sample conformed to the usual four categories of straight, N-, alpha and reverse alpha loops, a supplementary classification is proposed for the transverse colon, with straight, intermediate and deep loops which are distinct and clearly defined. In the cadaveric data, there was a significant sex difference in the mobility of the transverse colon (p &lt; 0.0001) but not the sigmoid. There were no significant differences in the proximal or distal completion times in both sexes with regards to colonic configuration. <h3>Conclusion</h3> This study supports the role of ScopeGuide™ in real time analysis of colonic looping patterns and introduces a supplementary classification for transverse loops. There are significant sex differences between the transverse looping configurations for both in vivo and cadaveric colons. However, no significant correlation between looping configurations and completion times were observed in experienced hands. Familiarity with the looping patterns and the techniques for resolution may explain these results which remain a significant challenge to intermediate trainees. <h3>Reference</h3> 1 Holme <i>et al</i>. Magnetic endoscopic imaging versus standard colonoscopy in a routine colonoscopy setting: a randomised, controlled trial. <i>Gastrointest Endosc</i> 2011 Jun;<b>73</b>(6):1215–22. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Glinical Report.
Journal: JAMA (1903)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Metal Toxicity in the Central Nervous System
Authors: Thomas W. Clarkson
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1987)

The nervous system is the principal target for a number of metals. Inorganic compounds of aluminum, arsenic, lead, lithium, manganese, mercury, and thallium are well known for their neurological and behavioral effects in humans. The alkyl derivatives of certain metals--lead, mercury and tin--are specially neurotoxic. Concern over human exposure and in some cases, outbreaks of poisoning, have stimulated research into the toxic action of these metals. A number of interesting hypotheses have been proposed for the mechanism of lead toxicity on the nervous system. Lead is known to be a potent inhibitor of heme synthesis. A reduction in heme-containing enzymes could compromise energy metabolism. Lead may affect brain function by interference with neurotransmitters such as gamma-amino-isobutyric acid. There is mounting evidence that lead interferes with membrane transport and binding of calcium ions. Methylmercury produces focal damage to specific areas in the adult brain. One hypothesis proposes that certain cells are susceptible because they cannot repair the initial damage to the protein sythesis machinery. The developing nervous system is especially susceptible to damage by methylmercury. It has been discovered that microtubules are destroyed by this form of mercury and this effect may explain the inhibition of cell division and cell migration, processes that occur only in the developmental stages. These and other hypotheses will stimulate considerable experimental challenges in the future.
Striped Nails
Authors: MARTIN A. SHEARN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1978)

Letters and Corrections1 October 1978Striped NailsMARTIN A. SHEARN, M.D., F.A.C.P.MARTIN A. SHEARN, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-89-4-577_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The transverse white stripes in Linder's case (Ann Intern Med88:809, 1978) are similar to those described by Mees (1). Although somewhat broader than the usual Mees's line, the nature and genesis appear the same. These stripes are a legacy of a remote serious disorder and have been reported as a sequela of such conditions as septicemia, aortic dissection, and heavy metal poisoning. Contrary to Dr. Linder's statement that the stripes have not been seen in renal disease, they have been reported in both acute and chronic kidney failure (2). The approximate number of days since the...References Reference1. MEES R: Een verschijnsel bij polyneuritis arsenicosa. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd 63:391-396, 1919 Google Scholar2. HUDSONDENNIS JA: Transverse white lines in the fingernails after acute and chronic renal failure. Arch Intern Med 117:276-279, 1966 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. MUEHRCKE R: The finger-nails in chronic hypoalbuminaemia. Br Med J 1:1327-1328, 1956 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar1. MEES R: Een verschijnsel bij polyneuritis arsenicosa. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd, 63:391-6, 1919. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 October 1978Volume 89, Issue 4Page: 577-577KeywordsHeavy metalsRenal diseasesRenal failureSepsis Issue Published: 1 October 1978 PDF downloadLoading ...
Effects of Acute Hypoxia on Pulmonary Vascular Bed
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Professional Ethics
Authors: Edward Palmer
Journal: JAMA (1965)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> It would appear proper to include in a balanced concept of ethics as a basis for medical practice, the consideration of the physician as a human living being who needs the necessities and comforts of an earthly existence for himself and his family. Ethics should ground itself upon man as man and not solely upon man as a spiritual being; man has to exist within a material context. When basic needs for food, clothing, and shelter are supplied, economic action becomes a means, as the Rev. Edmund A. Opitz maintains,<sup>1</sup>"... not only to more refined economic goods but to the highest goods of the mind and spirit. Add flying buttresses and spires to four walls and a roof, and a mere shelter for the body develops into a cathedral to house the spirit of man." Creaturely needs admittedly are legitimate and they sanction the inclusion of
Epilepsy
Authors: Douglas T. Davidson, Cesare Lombroso
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1954)

TODAY the average patient presenting epileptic symptoms enjoys an incomparably brighter prognosis than a similar patient did even ten years ago. Credit belongs mainly to the widespread availability of the electroencephalograph for diagnosis and an ever-expanding group of nonsedative drugs that in many cases suppress epileptic phenomena. Better educational prospects for the affected child and employment opportunities for the adult appear wherever gains in public understanding have breached the gloomy barriers erected by ignorance, fear and rejection. For the clinician, recent neurophysiologic investigations into the mechanism of epileptic phenomena have provided the basis for a fuller comprehension of the origins . . .
Inactivation of PUMA Protects Hematopoietic Stem Cells and Confers Long Term Survival in Response to High Dose γ-Irradiation
Authors: Hui Yu, Hongmei Shen, Feng Xu, Xiaoxia Hu, Yanxin Li, Yun Ling, Jian Yu, Lin Zhang, Gerard P. Zambetti, Tao Cheng
Journal: Blood (2008)
检测一种改善银屑病患者依从性的app
Authors: M.T. Svendsen, F. Andersen, K.H. Andersen, A. Pottegård, H. Johannessen, S. Möller, B. August, S.R. Feldman, K.E. Andersen
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2018)

银屑病是一种常见慢性皮肤病,会导致红色鳞屑状斑块 (皮肤斑片), 通常位于膝部、肘部、头皮和躯干。银屑病可能对患者的生活质量造成负面影响, 并因医疗保健费用、误工等带来额外的“社会经济负担”。局部外用卡泊三醇和皮质类固醇是轻度至中度银屑病的推荐一线治疗, 但很多患者因众多不同原因并不按处方使用这些乳膏或软膏。这项研究调查了使用智能手机患者支持应用 (apps) 能否改善患者局部外用 (用于皮肤) 药物 (皮肤泡沫样卡泊三醇/丙酸倍他米松复方制剂) 的使用, 并额外降低银屑病的严重程度和改善短期和长期生活质量。丹麦皮肤科医生在丹麦 Odense 大学医院皮肤科进行了一项实验。纳入134 名患者, 这些患者被分配使用药物 (66 名患者) 或使用药物+来自 app 的支持 (68 名患者) 共计 4周。这种 app 每天提供一次强制治疗提醒, 还可以通过安装在泡沫给药器顶部的电子监测芯片监测患者是否正在使用他们的药物。通过蓝牙®将这些信息同步到患者的智能电话中。91% 患者在半年期间返回接受所有随访。这项对照试验显示, 使用此 app 的患者在 4 周期间的药物使用显著改善, 并短期减轻银屑病的严重程度。作者们得出结论说, 此 app 可能改善银屑病患者中局部外用药物的使用。 Linked Article:Svendsen et al. Br J Dermatol 2018; 179:1062–1071
Cisplatin (CDDP) plus oral vinorelbine (NVBO) as first-line treatment for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): Prospective analysis to improve the patient’s convenience on day 8 NVBO administration.
Authors: M. Provencio-Pulla, A. Sanchez-Hernandez, M. Domine, A. Artal, R. Garcia-Gomez, M. Constenla, N. Vinolas, J. De Castro, J. M. Sanchez, F. J. Perez
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

e18060 Background: Severe neutropenia observed during chemotherapy (CT) is a clinical finding leading to treatment modification and, sometimes, life-threatening events. The results of a previous study with 180 p treated with IV vinorelbine plus CDDP as first-line treatment for advanced NSCLC could lead to consider not performing a blood count prior to day 8 vinorelbine administration for patients aged 70 years (y) or less who presented a good haematological tolerability profile during previous cycles (cy) in order to improve treatment convenience. The aim of this study is to prospectively validate these results with the combination of NVBO plus CDDP. Methods: Between October 2007 and March 2009, 56 chemo-naïve p with histologically confirmed stage IIIB/IV NSCLC were included. Treatment consisted of CDDP 75 mg/m2 day 1 plus NVBO 80 mg/m2 days 1 and 8, with a prior test of myelosensitivity at 60 mg/m2 for the first cycle, every 21 days. Patient’s characteristics were: Median age, 61 years (range 32-75); males, 85.7%; smokers, 35.7%; all PS 0-1; adenocarcinoma, 37.5% / squamous, 35.7%; stage IIIB, 17.9% / IV, 75%. Results: Patients received a total of 251 cycles. For the purpose of this report 181 were analyzed (cycle 1 from each p was excluded). NVBO administration on day 8 was cancelled in 4 cycles due to haematological events (2.2% [95% CI: 0.6%, 5.56%]). The reported events were: 3 grade 2-4 neutropenia and 1 grade-2 thrombocytopenia. Among 54 p evaluable for response, 1 p achieved complete response and 21 p partial response (overall response rate, 40.7% [95% CI: 27.6-55]). Toxicity was mild with neutropenia WHO grade 3-4 observed in 2.8% cy (12.5% p), leukopenia grade 3-4 in 1.6% cy (7.2% p); 2 cases of febrile neutropenia were reported. Grade-3 fatigue was observed in 9 cy (8 p), grade-3 nausea in 4 cy (4 p) and grade 3-4 vomiting in 5 cy (5 p). Conclusions: The findings of this study could lead to consider not performing a blood count prior to day 8 NVBO administration for patients aged 70 y or less who presented a good haematological tolerability profile during previous cycles in first-line treatment for advanced NSCLC.
Absence of antibodies to HTLV-III in health workers after hepatitis B vaccination
Authors: J. L. Dienstag
Journal: JAMA (1985)

A proportion of the plasma for the triply inactivated, plasma-derived hepatitis B vaccine produced in the United States is obtained from homosexual men. Because homosexual men are a high-risk group for the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), concern has emerged that the vaccine could harbor the AIDS agent. To evaluate this risk, we tested 15-month postvaccination serum samples for antibodies to human T-cell lymphotropic virus type III in 100 health care workers who had received inactivated hepatitis B vaccine lots made from plasma collected between 1977 and 1979 and 100 who had received placebo injections. None of the 200 health workers had serological evidence of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type III infection. These serological findings lend additional support to earlier epidemiologic and immunologic observations suggesting that hepatitis B vaccine does not transmit infection with an AIDS virus. (<i>JAMA</i>1985;254:1064-1066)
Book Review Medical Diagnosis: Applied physical diagnosis . Edited by Roscoe L. Pullen, M.D. With a foreword by John H. Musser, M.D. 8°, cloth, 1106 pp., with 584 illustrations and 12 colored plates. Philadelphia and London: W. B. Saunders Company, 1944. $10.00.
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1944)
Evaluation of a Muscle Relaxant
Journal: JAMA (1973)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal