tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Reply:
Authors: Manhal Izzy, Lisa B. VanWagner, Grace Lin, Mario Altieri, James Y. Findlay, Jae K. Oh, Kymberly Watt, Samuel S. Lee
Journal: Hepatology (2019)

Potential conflict of interest: Nothing to report. We appreciate the letter by Koshy et al. We agree with the authors that blunted contractile response to stress is a pathophysiologically relevant criterion in the assessment for cirrhotic cardiomyopathy (CCM). We also agree that, unfortunately, the lack of a universal, precise definition of this criterion limits its utility in daily clinical practice, at this time. Because of this, we elected to include blunted contractile response to stress as a measure that requires further validation in the contemporary CCM criteria (see original article, Table 1).1 While finding a clinically applicable, well‐validated definition of blunted contractile response to stress is important, frequently prescribed beta blockers in these patients may continue to be a limitation to applying this criterion unless beta blockers are held, at the provider's discretion, for 24‐72 hours before stress testing, depending on the agent used. The goal of redefining CCM is to improve understanding of the prognosis and potential interventions for this phenomenon, aiming to prevent progressive cardiac dysfunction, specifically heart failure (HF). HF is categorized mainly into two entities: HF with preserved ejection fraction (i.e., diastolic dysfunction) and HF with reduced ejection fraction (i.e., systolic dysfunction). This categorization has its own therapeutic and prognostic implications. The diagnostic tools recommended by the most recent cardiology guidelines2 to determine the type of heart failure were adapted by the CCM Consortium to develop the contemporary criteria for CCM. These tools have been well validated for assessment of cardiac muscle dysfunction universally in the general population and are feasible to use in daily clinical practice, and the measurement cutoffs for abnormal values have been well defined. To further research in this area, an improved definition of CCM is (hopefully) only the starting point. We would like to emphasize that the contemporary CCM criteria represent one of the means to detect subclinical left ventricular dysfunction and decreased contractile reserve, but they might not be the only tool. There are other surrogates, including functional assessments such as that of contractile response to stress, which will need additional study and validation. We hope that future research will help elucidate validated, clinically applicable characterization of other criteria to implement as diagnostic and prognostic measures for CCM to improve outcomes in these patients.
What Is Wrong with This Prescription?
Authors: None M. D.
Journal: JAMA (1897)

Chicago, April 27, 1897. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —I should be very much obliged if you could have the following questions answered in the columns of theJournal. Some time ago I was called to see a sick lady and prescribed the following ingredients in capsule. Each capsule contained: The patient took only one and within half an hour became very sick, developing severe poisonous symptoms, and later becoming unconscious and extremely depressed, etc. Now I should like to know: 1. What ingredients, if any, were incompatible? 2. If incompatible, what product was formed? 3. If a poison were formed what dose would ordinarily prove fatal? 4. What would be the physiologic action on the various systems, as nervous, urinary, digestive, etc.? 5. What would the mental effect be? 6. What other effects, if any, would be produced on the individual? I have withheld the symptoms in this case as observed, in order that the answers might not
2. Biology/Genetics
Authors: P Ghalaut, V Ghalaut, S Batra, B Sharma, M Bernasconi, C Berger, J Sigrist, F Niggli, D Nadal, N Niitsu, I Miura, M Okamoto, M Bessho, M Hirano, H Nagai, Y Li, T Ohno, H Saito, T Kinoshita, S Ansell, D Grote, M Stenson, S Ziesmer, T Witzig, W Martin, A Novak
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2005)
Cardiovascular Medicine
Authors: Robert J. Henning
Journal: JAMA (1995)

James T. Willerson and Jay N. Cohn have assembled 128 cardiovascular scientists, cardiologists, and cardiovascular surgeons to discuss the broad area of cardiovascular medicine. The majority of the contributors are from Dr Willerson's state of Texas and a smaller number are from Dr Cohn's state of Minnesota, although the editors also have obtained contributions from prominent cardiovascular physicians and scientists in other areas of the United States, as well as Europe and Asia. The textbook has 26 different sections including, most prominently, congenital heart disease, valvular heart disease, coronary artery disease, myocardial disease, electrical disturbances of the heart, basic aspects of myocardial function and development, and vascular medicine. The discussions on congenital heart disease, atherosclerotic coronary vascular disease, heart failure, cardiomyopathies, hypertension, electrical disturbances, and cardiac catheterization are particularly noteworthy and will be helpful to the practicing physician. The advantages and disadvantages of each of the major thrombolytic agents for
Editorial Board
Authors: Samuel Didier, Christopher Day, Peter Galle, Richard Moreau, Thomas Baumert, Pierre-Alain Clavien, Derek Mann, Fabio Marra, Philippe Mathurin, Vincenzo Mazzaferro, Jorg Petersen, Robert Schwabe, Stefan Zeuzem, Scott Friedman, Daniel Shouval, Graeme Alexander, Josep Llovet, Detlef Schuppan, Raphael Porcher, Sheila Sherlock, Gustav Paumgartner, Simona Negrini, Esther Dohmann, Joe ¨l Walicki, Laurence Zulianello, Juan Abraldes, Canada Ackerman, Israel Zvi, Simon Afford, U Alberti, Italy Alpini, Usa Gianfranco, Usa Paul, Quentin Anstee, Ben-Ari Ziv, Israel Berg, Germany Thomas, Antonio Bertoletti, Austria Forner, Spain Forns, Garcia-Paga Xavier, Juan ´n, Garcia-Tsao Carlos, Usa Geier, Germany Gine, Spain Gores, Usa Gregory, Italy Laura, Zakiyah Kadry, Usa Kaneko, Japan Shuichi, Jia-Horng Kao, Taiwan Kaplowitz, Italy Mieli-Vergani, U Giorgina, Satdarshan Monga, Usa Moshage, O Grady, Oude Elferink, Sweden Wiest, Germany Reiner, Chau-Ting Yeh, Taiwan Zarsky, France Zuckerman, Israel Governing, Markus Peck-Radosavljevic, Laurent Castera, France Treasurer, Mauro Bernardi, Matı ´as, A Avila, Frank Lammert, Germany Helen, Louise Reeves, Alessio Aghemo, Cecilia Rodrigues
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
肉毒杆菌毒素可帮助先天性厚甲症患者缓解足部症状
Authors: A. Koren, E. Sprecher, E. Reider, O. Artzi
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2020)

先天性厚甲症 (PC) 是一种罕见的遗传性皮肤病,据估计,全世界范围内有 5,000 到 10,000 人患有此病。 PC 可引起重度疼痛,特别是影响承重部位,伴随足部皮肤增厚(角化病)。虽然有治疗 PC 各种症状的选择,但大多数在改善角化病和疼痛方面并不特别有效。 在过去十年中,在三份报告中记录了将肉毒杆菌毒素 (Btx) 注射剂成功用于治疗 PC 患者的角化病。注射技术、Btx 剂量和麻醉方法在不同报告和患者之间有所不同。 近年来,位于以色列的作者采用同样的方法,完善注射技术和麻醉程序,调整 Btx 剂量以改善治疗。 本研究的目的是描述作者为期 4 年的经验,在此期间,他们按照设计方案对 5 例 PC 患者进行 30 次 Btx 注射。研究结论是,根据优化方案采用 Btx 治疗 PC 相关角化病可使患者生活质量出现重大变化。 最佳改善评分与患者早晨足部烧灼感和长距离行走能力 (> 500 m) 有关。如果 Btx 注射间隔少于 100 天,则评分明显更好。 本摘要涉及研究: 肉毒杆菌毒素注射剂治疗先天性厚甲症相关角化病的治疗方案
Doctors' Letters
Authors: A. Williams
Journal: BMJ (1960)

<h3>Background</h3> Leadership in the National Health Service (NHS) embraces two distinct groups: managers and clinicians, often arriving with differing backgrounds, skill sets and outlook. ‘Bridging the gap’ between the two, with a relational paired learning (PL) approach, has been run in NHS Lothian for 4 years (three cohorts) to positively impact the organisation and its leadership. <h3>Methods</h3> In the initial pilot six doctors and six general managers were paired together. Subsequently cohorts expanded with doctors paired with other senior managers, including the Director of eHealth, a non-executive member of the NHS Lothian Board and shadowing of the Chairman of NHS Lothian. All cohorts used PL ‘Contracts’ for their work together and then engaged in conversation, shadowing and reflection. Preprogramme and postprogramme questionnaires and postprogramme interviews explored the effect of PL on ‘preparedness’ for leadership and an understanding of the role and ethos of the corresponding group, and the running of the programme. <h3>Results</h3> The questionnaires and interviews have shown that the programme had a positive impact on preparedness to lead, and participants described a shift in attitudes with increased understanding of the ‘other’ group and increased ability to work collaboratively together in the future. The ‘Trainee Management Forum’ was developed as a result of PL collaborative working and provides regular engagement and learning for junior doctors and managers at all levels of the organisation. <h3>Conclusion</h3> NHS Lothian PL has been impactful for those involved and is perceived to add value to the organisation, with further cohorts of doctors and managers continuing to engage with this opportunity.
Highlights
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2015)

Rotstein and coauthors investigate no evidence of disease activity (NEDA) during 7 years as measured by relapses, disability progression, and yearly magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).They decided that NEDA was defined as a composite that consisted of absence of relapses, no sustained Expanded Disability Status Scale score progression, and no new or enlarging T2 or T1 gadolinium-enhancing lesions on annual MRI.They report that NEDA is difficult to sustain long term even with treatment.
How to affect antibiotic prescribing practices
Authors: W. A. Check
Journal: JAMA (1980)

It's too bad there were no behavioral scientists at the recent Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy in New Orleans. They would have been delighted by the divergent results of four attempts to alter physician antibiotic prescribing practices. The four programs comprise a casebook of how and how not to go about altering behavior. If you set guidelines but communicate them only by mail, you probably will not accomplish much, a study in Utah showed. In this effort, the Utah Professional Standards Review Organization (PSRO) sent all physicians in the state a booklet outlining appropriate prophylactic use of antibiotics in surgery. The publication defined operations in which such usage was not indicated—so-called clean operations—and recommended that in other operations antibiotic prophylaxis be started less than six hours before the procedure and continued for no more than 48 hours afterward. Both before and after the booklet was sent out, prescribing
Comparison of plasma prothrombin and factor VII and urine prothrombin F1 concentrations in patients on long‐term warfarin therapy and those in the initial phase
Authors: David M. Weinstock, Ping Chang, David L. Aronson, Craig M. Kessler
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1998)

Control of warfarin anticoagulation during the initial phase of therapy is difficult and empirically based. Plasma and urine samples were obtained from normal controls, patients under stable anticoagulation, and patients in the initial phase of anticoagulation. Total plasma prothrombin, des-carboxy (non-adsorbable with barium chloride) prothrombin, and native (total minus non-adsorbable) prothrombin were quantitated using Echis carinatus venom activation. Functional plasma factor VII (VII) was measured using a one-stage clotting assay. Total and des-carboxy urine prothrombin F1 (F1) were measured by ELISA. All urine F1 in normals and both anticoagulated groups was adsorbed by barium chloride. Plasma des-carboxy prothrombin concentration was similar for the two anticoagulated groups and did not correlate with 1/INR. Native prothrombin correlated with 1/INR in both the stable (r = 0.76) and initial phase (r = 0.74) groups. For any given INR, the subjects on stable anticoagulation had lower native prothrombin concentrations than the initial phase patients. Functional factor VII concentration also correlated significantly with 1/INR in both the stable (r = 0.64) and initial phase (r = 0.76) patients. Unlike native prothrombin, VII concentrations did not vary between the two cohorts for any given INR. Previous studies indicate that native prothrombin is a superior predictor of both hemorrhagic and thromboembolic complications during warfarin therapy. Our findings indicate that VII, and not prothrombin, may be the predominant factor monitored by the INR. This further supports the need to reevaluate the usefulness of the INR in the monitoring of warfarin therapy during the initial phase. Am. J. Hematol. 57:193–199, 1998. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Preliminary results of the prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease among the greater Toronto area population
Authors: Anish Jammu, Silva Cortez, Hasan Akhtar, Sirajuddaula Kausar, Hamed Dallali, Justin Lee, Muhammad Khurram, Marzena Magnes, Magdy Elkhashab
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2020)
Methods to Assess Respiratory Effects of Complex Mixtures
Authors: Michael D. Lebowitz
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1991)

This paper evaluates the influence of exposures on acute and chronic airway obstruction. Clinical, physiological, and immunological aspects are important in evaluating the effects of the pollutant exposures. Aspects of the exposure-response relationships important enough to record are those factors interactive with the pollutants (e.g., smoking and other personal/behavioral factors) and precursor conditions. To determine baseline status and study chronic effects, one uses standardized and modified health questionnaires and standardized pulmonary function. Confirmatory studies of responsive airways, potentially assessed first by diurnal peak flow, can be done using post-bronchodilator maximum expiratory flow volume curves and methacholine challenges. Immunoglobulin determinations for immunological status (a predisposing/susceptibility factor), allergy skin tests (for immediate hypersensitivity status), and blood counts (mostly for eosinophils) are also important. Other tests that could be performed include expired carbon monoxide and/or carboxyhemoglobin and methemoglobin (for smoking and combustion exposures). Measures of acute effects are symptomatic responses (by questionnaires and diaries), responses of the airways (as measured by spirometry and peak flows), and changes in medication usage or associated medical care (in diaries). Methodologies should also include discussions of protocols and analysis.
Making Bone Marrow Transplants More Safe
Authors: Andrew Skolnick
Journal: JAMA (1991)

PATIENTS who undergo bone marrow transplants usually undergo total-body irradiation of up to 14 Gy. Unfortunately, this radiation spares no part of the body, panelist Peter Tutschka, MD, professor of medicine and pathology and director of the Bone Marrow Transportation Division, Ohio State University, Columbus, told the American Cancer Society seminar in Phoeniz. "Severe and often intractable nausea and vomiting followed by diarrhea attests to the toxicity on the gastrointestinal tract," he says. Among other adverse effects are damage to the lungs, liver, kidney, central nervous system, and endocrine glands that leads to sterility in adults and impaired sexual development and stunted growth in children. Radiation also impairs the microenvironment for the marrow graft to develop, which leads to delayed recovery of marrow function and a resulting high rate of infections and bleeding problems. "Despite these tremendous side effects, total-body irradiation is not a very effective antileukemic agent," he says,
CHOREA.
Journal: JAMA (1893)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
ARDS
Authors: G. Kreymann, M. Kurnoth, K. Rabe, M. Doehn, W. Rödiger, W. Druml, O. F. Wagner, S. Gasic, H. Steltzer, A. Hammerle, K. Lenz, L. Sanai, I. S. Grant, D. Webb, E. Roupie, H. Mentec, L. Brochard, C. Brun-Buisson, F. Lemaire, P. Krafft, R. Pelcold, M. Hiesmayr, K. Strasser, A. F. Hammerle, J. I. Poelaert, J. A. Everaert, D. P. Vogelaers, J. M. Decruyenaere, F. A. Colardyn
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (1992)
SULFATHIAZOLE
Authors: Michael E. Brodsky
Journal: JAMA (1941)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Apropos your comment inThe JournalMay 17, I should like to add a report given to me by a physician who came in considerably disturbed regarding his lack of attention and inability to concentrate following the administration of sulfathiazole. He had been suffering from an infection of the olecranon bursa and had been given 12 Gm. of sulfathiazole when the infection occurred. The infection had apparently cleared up considerably, and he decided to visit a very ill patient at the hospital. He had no difficulty in going to the hospital, but on his return from the hospital he noticed that his attention was wandering and that he had difficulty in coordinating his movements. He was surprised at one school intersection to be stopped by a policeman who, after scolding him in the manner of a policeman, demanded to know whether he was drunk. After he had
Comparison of Hepatic Peroxisome Proliferative Effect and Its Implication for Hepatocarcinogenicity of Phthalate Esters, Di(2-Ethylhexyl) Phthalate, and Di(2-Ethylhexyl) Adipate with a Hypolipidemic Drug
Authors: Janardan K. Reddy, M. Kumudavalli Reddy, Mohammed I. Usman, Narendra D. Lalwani, M. Sambasiva Rao
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1986)

Peroxisome proliferation is inducible in hepatocytes ofrodent and nonrodent species by structurally dissimilar hypolipidemic drugs and certain phthalate ester plasticizers.The induction of peroxisome proliferation appears to be a tissue specific response limited largely to the hepatocyte.Peroxisome proliferation is associated with increases in the activity of the H202-generating peroxisomal fatty acid 3-oxidation system and in the amount of peroxisome proliferation-associated 80,000 MW polypeptide (PPA-80).Chronic adminis- tration of these non-DNA damaging and nonmutagenic peroxisome proliferators to rats and mice results in the development of hepatocellular carcinomas.Comparative morphometric and biochemical data from rats treated with varying dose levels of ciprofibrate, a hypolipidemic drug, and di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, and di(2-ethylhexyl) adipate, the widely used plasticizers, indicate that the hepatocarcinogenic potency of these agents is correlatable with their ability to induce peroxisome proliferation, peroxisomal 13-oxidation and PPA-80.Available evidence strongly favors the role of peroxisome proliferation-associated oxidative stress in the induction of liver tumors by peroxisome proliferators.
Predictors of Local-Regional Recurrence After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy and Mastectomy Without Radiation
Authors: Thomas A. Buchholz, Susan L. Tucker, Lawrence Masullo, Henry M. Kuerer, Jessica Erwin, Jessica Salas, Debbie Frye, Eric A. Strom, Marsha D. McNeese, George Perkins, Angela Katz, S. Eva Singletary, Kelly K. Hunt, Aman U. Buzdar, Gabriel N. Hortobagyi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2002)

PURPOSE: To define clinical and pathologic predictors of local-regional recurrence (LRR) for patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy and mastectomy without radiation. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We analyzed the outcome of the 150 breast cancer cases treated on prospective institutional trials with neoadjuvant chemotherapy and mastectomy without postmastectomy radiation. Clinical stage at diagnosis was I in 1%, II in 43%, IIIA in 23%, IIIB in 25%, and IV in 7%. No patient had inflammatory breast cancer. RESULTS: The median follow-up period of surviving patients was 4.1 years. The 5- and 10-year actuarial rates of LRR were both 27%. Pretreatment factors that positively correlated with LRR were increasing T stage (P &lt; .0001) and increasing combined clinical stage (P &lt; .0001). Pathologic and treatment factors that positively correlated with LRR were size of the residual primary tumor (P = .0048), increasing number of involved lymph nodes (P &lt; .0001), and no use of tamoxifen (P = .0013). The LRR rate for the 18 patients with a pathologic complete response of both the primary tumor and lymph nodes (pCR) was 19% (95% confidence interval, 6% to 48%). In a forward stepwise Cox logistic regression analysis, clinical stage IIIB or greater (hazard ratio of 4.5, P &lt; .001), pathologic involvement of four or more lymph nodes (hazard ratio of 2.7, P = .008), and no use of tamoxifen (hazard ratio of 3.9, P = .027) independently predicted for LRR. CONCLUSION: Advanced disease at presentation and positive lymph nodes after chemotherapy predict for clinically significant rates of LRR. Achievement of pCR does not preclude the need for postmastectomy radiation if warranted by the pretreatment stage of the disease.
Abstract 2690: Should We Classify Impaired Relaxation Pattern With Elevated E/e’ As Grade 1 Diastolic Dysfunction?
Authors: Un-jung Choi, Hong-Seok Lim, Soo-Jin Kang, Jung-Won Hwang, Byoung-Joo Choi, So-Yeon Choi, Myeong-Ho Yoon, Gyo-Seung Hwang, Seung-Jea Tahk, Joon-Han Shin
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Purpose : Impaired relaxation pattern (grade 1 diastolic dysfunction) by Doppler echocardiography is known to reflect preserved left ventricular filling pressure (LVFP), while increased ratio of early diastolic transmitral flow velocity to mitral annular velocity (E/E’) indicated elevated LVFP. We evaluated the characteristics of impaired relaxation pattern with elevated E/E’ ratio. Methods : Eighty-eight patients (mean age 63 ± 11, 59 males) who had coronary artery disease with impaired relaxation pattern (E/A &lt; 1) were enrolled. Echocardiography including tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) was performed. All patients underwent cardiac catheterization to investigate LV pre-A pressure (LVP pre-A ) within 6 hours after echocardiographic measurement. Patients were divided into subjects with E/E’ &lt; 10 (n = 71) and E/E’ ≥ 10 (n = 17). Results : LVP pre-A was well correlated with echocardiographic Doppler and hemodynamic parameters (E/E’, r = 0.536, p &lt; 0.001; LA volume, r = 0.295, p = 0.008; EF, r = -0.234, p = 0.028). Forty (45% of total) patients had high LVFP, defined as LVP pre-A ≥15 mmHg. Patients with E/E’ ≥10 had a significantly higher incidence of high LVFP, when compared to patients with E/E’ &lt; 10 (88% vs 35%, p &lt; 0.001). LA volume and LVP pre-A were significantly increased and EF was decreased in patients with E/E’ ≥ 10 (table 1 ). However, there were no significant differences of parameters derived from transmitral inflow and transpulmonary venous flow between two groups. Conclusions : In patients with impaired relaxation pattern, elevated E/E’ has related to elevation of LVFP, regardless of transmitral inflow and transpulmonary indices. Therefore, impaired relaxation pattern with elevated ratio of early diastolic transmitral flow velocity to mitral annular velocity (E/E’) may have been considered as another grade of diastolic dysfunction. Table 1