tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Expanding Poliomyelitis and Measles Surveillance Networks to Establish Surveillance for Acute Meningitis and Encephalitis Syndromes—Bangladesh, China, and India, 2006-2008
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Quality surveillance is critical to the control and elimination of vaccine-preventable diseases (VPDs). A key strategy for enhancing VPD surveillance, outlined in the World Health Organization (WHO) Global Framework for Immunization Monitoring and Surveillance (GFIMS), is to expand and link existing VPD surveillance systems (particularly those developed for polio eradication and measles elimination) to include other priority VPDs. Since the launch of the Global Polio Eradication Initiative in 1988, the incidence of polio has decrease by 99% worldwide. A cornerstone of this success is a sensitive surveillance system based on the rapid and timely reporting of all acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) cases in children aged <15 years, with confirmatory diagnostic testing performed by laboratories that are part of a global network. As countries achieve polio-free status, many have expanded syndromic surveillance to include persons with rash and fever, and have built measles diagnostic capacity in existing polio reference laboratories. Acute meningitis/encephalitis syndrome (AMES) and acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) are candidates for expanded surveillance because they are most often caused by VPDs of public health importance for which confirmatory laboratory tests exist. Vaccine-preventable cases of encephalitis include approximately 68,000 Japanese encephalitis (JE) cases, resulting in 13,000-20,000 deaths each year in Asia. Moreover, although bacterial meningitis incidence in Asia is not as well-documented, pneumococcal and meningococcal meningitis outbreaks have been reported in Bangladesh and China, and the incidence of Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) meningitis in children aged <5 years in India has been estimated to be 7.1 per 100,000 population, similar to that in European countries before the introduction of vaccine. This report describes a prototype for expanding existing polio and measles surveillance networks in Bangladesh, China, and India to include surveillance for viral and bacterial vaccine-preventable causes of AMES and AES and presents data from 2006-2008.
CYSTINURIC LITHIASIS
Authors: S. J. SEEGER
Journal: JAMA (1925)

One hundred and fifteen years ago, Wollaston<sup>1</sup>gave the first description of cystin. He identified a bladder stone as being composed of a protein derivative which differed essentially from the ordinary urinary stones composed of crystalline salts. His original description applies very becomingly to the specimen that was obtained in this case. He said, in part: In appearance these calculi resemble more nearly the triple phosphate of magnesia than any other calculi, but they are more compact than that compound is usually found to be, not consisting of distinct laminae, but appearing as one mass confusedly crystallized throughout its substance.... These crystals have a yellowish semitransparency; and they have also a peculiar glistening luster like that of a body having a high refractive density. Since Wollaston's discovery in 1810, there have been only 181 cases of cystinuria reported, 124 of which were complicated with stone formation. Among 600 cases
Firearm access and suicide
Authors: P. H. Blackman
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —I would like to make some comments regarding the small-scale study of adolescent suicide in western Pennsylvania,<sup>1</sup>even though the basic recommendation—that access to firearms by suicidal teenagers should be restricted by parents—is not controversial. First, projecting from the authors' data, overall gun ownership levels in the households of suicidal (including attempts and completions) and nonsuicidal teenagers in a psychiatric hospital were at most 45%, but hunting license information and other data suggest that household gun ownership levels are significantly higher in the nontroubled teenaged population of western Pennsylvania. Although the study is too small-scale to be conclusive, the suggestion that household gun ownership is positively associated with mentally healthy teenagers is certainly worthy of more study. Second, while the small-scale study—a sampling of 67 suicides over a 1½-year period in the western section of a large and populous state—attempted to find all teen suicides, suicides
Bronchography
Authors: J. C. Barker
Journal: BMJ (1955)

<h3>Objective</h3> This study aims to investigate the accuracy and validity of the Australasian Triage Scale (ATS) as a tool to identify and manage in a timely manner the deteriorating patient with severe sepsis. <h3>Methods</h3> This was a prospective observational study conducted in five sites of adult patients. Keywords and physiological vital signs data from triage documentation were analysed for the ‘identified’ status compared with confirmed diagnosis of severe sepsis after admission to the intensive care unit. The primary outcome is the accuracy and validity of the ATS Triage scale categories to identify a prespecified severe sepsis population at triage. Secondary outcome measures included time compliance, antimicrobial administration and mortality prediction. Statistical analysis included parameters of diagnostic performance. Adjusted multivariate logistic regression analysis was applied to mortality prediction. <h3>Results</h3> Of 1022 patients meeting the criteria for severe sepsis, 995 were triaged through the emergency department, 164 with shock. Only 53% (n=534) were identified at triage. The overall sensitivity of the ATS to identify severe sepsis was 71%. ATS 3 was the most accurate (likelihood ratio positive, 2.45, positive predictive value 0.73) and ATS 2 the most valid (area under the curve 0.567) category. Identified cases were more likely to survive (OR 0.81, 95% CI 0.697 to 0.94, p&lt;0.007). The strongest bias-adjusted predictors of mortality were circulatory compromise variable (1.78, 95% CI 1.34 to 1.41, p&lt;0.001), lactate &gt;4 (OR 1.63, 95% CI 1.10 to 2.89, p&lt;0.001) and ATS 1 category (OR 1.55, 95% CI 1.09 to 2.35, p&lt;0.005). <h3>Conclusions</h3> The ATS and its categories is a sensitive and moderately accurate and valid tool for identifying severe sepsis in a predetermined group, but lacks clinical efficacy and safety without further education or quality improvement strategies targeted to the identification of severe sepsis.
PPAR-gamma Agonists Inhibit Toll-Like Receptor Mediated Activation of Dendritic Cells Via the MAP Kinase and NF-kB Pathways.
Authors: Valdete Mirakaj, Silke Appel, Frank Grünebach, Markus M. Weck, Volker L. Reichardt, Peter Brossart
Journal: Blood (2004)
INFORMAL PRESCRIBING AND ITS DANGERS.
Journal: JAMA (2002)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Diagnosis of Pulmonary Embolism-Reply
Authors: Roger C. Bone
Journal: JAMA (1990)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> I agree with Dr Laks' comments that aggressive investigations into the diagnostic accuracy of combinations of noninvasive determinations and ventilation/perfusion scanning are needed. While we are waiting for such studies, clinicians need to have some basis for decision making, using information currently available. The PIOPED study looked at the diagnostic accuracy of clinical suspicion of pulmonary embolism and the ventilation/perfusion scan. Dr Laks' statements, however, are not relevant for the patient with normal findings from noninvasive leg studies. The PIOPED study did not address impedence plethysmography and duplex ultrasound, yet these techniques are used in patients with suspected pulmonary embolism. One is left, then, with balancing the associated risk-benefit ratios of angiogram vs anticoagulation for a patient who may or may not have pulmonary embolism. The relative risk of anticoagulation is greater than the risks inherent to angiography. Also, a relative bias exists when the diagnosis of pulmonary
This Week in &lt;emph&gt;JAMA&lt;/emph&gt;
Journal: JAMA (2008)

A Piece of My Mind" [D]eath is death, no matter when or where it occurs, no matter the victim or victims, no matter human or animal-it hurts."From "Sammy." SEE PAGE 736 Medical News & PerspectivesPhysicians have been slow to adopt brief, inexpensive, and effective interventions to help patients with excessive alcohol use.But experts believe recent developments might lead to wider implementation.
THE TOXINS AND ANTITOXINS OF POISONOUS MUSHROOMS.
Journal: JAMA (1906)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Retroperitoneal Hernia, Being the Arris and Gale Lectures on the Anatomy and Surgery of the Peritoneal Fossæ, delivered at the Royal College of Surgeons of England in 1887.
Journal: JAMA (1907)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Correction
Journal: BMJ (1944)

Heel Reform " Dr. PERCY TATCHELL writes: " She caught her heel in the carpet and fell."How often is that statement heard in the casualty department!On the stretcher lies an elderly woman, with a fairly obvious fracture of the neck of the femur, to judge by the position of the foot.Searching for the reason why people trip on carpets and fall downstairs, attention fixes on the sharp points at the sides of the heel, relics perhaps of days when we had to scramble up and down stony paths and really no longer essential under present conditions except for hill-climbing.Fig. 1 is an attempt to design an improved
Effects of Chloro-s-Triazine Herbicides and Metabolites on Aromatase Activity in Various Human Cell Lines and on Vitellogenin Production in Male Carp Hepatocytes
Authors: J. Thomas Sanderson, Robert J. Letcher, Marjoke Heneweer, J. P. Giesy, Martin van den Berg
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2001)

We investigated a potential mechanism for the estrogenic properties of three chloro-s-triazine herbicides and six metabolites in vitro in several cell systems. We determined effects on human aromatase (CYP19), the enzyme that converts androgens to estrogens, in H295R (adrenocortical carcinoma), JEG-3 (placental choriocarcinoma), and MCF-7 (breast cancer) cells; we determined effects on estrogen receptor-mediated induction of vitellogenin in primary hepatocyte cultures of adult male carp (Cyprinus carpio). In addition to atrazine, simazine, and propazine, two metabolites--atrazine-desethyl and atrazine-desisopropyl--induced aromatase activity in H295R cells concentration-dependently (0.3-30 microM) and with potencies similar to those of the parent triazines. After a 24-hr exposure to 30 microM of the triazines, an apparent maximum induction of about 2- to 2.5-fold was achieved. The induction responses were confirmed by similar increases in CYP19 mRNA levels, determined by reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. In JEG-3 cells, where basal aromatase expression is about 15-fold greater than in H295R cells, the induction responses were similar but less pronounced; aromatase expression in MCF-7 cells was neither detectable nor inducible under our culture conditions. The fully dealkylated metabolite atrazine-desethyl-desisopropyl and the three hydroxylated metabolites (2-OH-atrazine-desethyl, -desisopropyl, and -desethyl-desisopropyl) did not induce aromatase activity. None of the triazine herbicides nor their metabolites induced vitellogenin production in male carp hepatocytes; nor did they antagonize the induction of vitellogenin by 100 nM (EC(50) 17beta-estradiol. These findings together with other reports indicate that the estrogenic effects associated with the triazine herbicides in vivo are not estrogen receptor-mediated, but may be explained partly by their ability to induce aromatase in vitro.
WHAT GOES IN...
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Vitamin K to Correct Overanticoagulation
Authors: P. Dileep Kumar
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2009)

Letters15 September 2009Vitamin K to Correct OveranticoagulationP. Dileep Kumar, MDP. Dileep Kumar, MDFrom Port Huron Hospital, Port Huron, MI 48060.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-151-6-200909150-00020 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:The article by Crowther and colleagues (1) carries a slightly misleading title. Their study addresses only patients with an INR between 4.5 and 10.0 who are not bleeding. Because all patients with bleeding events were self-excluded from their study, Crowther and colleagues cannot comment on the efficacy of low-dose vitamin K to treat bleeding complications in any given patient with prolonged INR.It is also hard to conceive that the effect of low-dose vitamin K might persist as long as 90 days. Several dietary constituents have substantial amounts of vitamin K (for example, one-half cup each of ...Reference1. Crowther MA, Ageno W, Garcia D, Wang L, Witt DM, Clark NP, et al. Oral vitamin K versus placebo to correct excessive anticoagulation in patients receiving warfarin: a randomized trial. Ann Intern Med. 2009;150:293-300. [PMID: 19258557] LinkGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: P. Dileep Kumar, MDAffiliations: From Port Huron Hospital, Port Huron, MI 48060.Disclosures: None disclosed. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoOral Vitamin K Versus Placebo to Correct Excessive Anticoagulation in Patients Receiving Warfarin Mark A. Crowther , Walter Ageno , David Garcia , Luqi Wang , Dan M. Witt , Nathan P. Clark , Mark D. Blostein , Susan R. Kahn , Sara K. Vesely , Sam Schulman , Michael J. Kovacs , Marc A. Rodger , Phillip Wells , David Anderson , Jeffery Ginsberg , Rita Selby , Sergio Siragusa , Mauro Silingardi , Mary Beth Dowd , and Clive Kearon Vitamin K to Correct Overanticoagulation Mark A. Crowther and David Garcia Vitamin K to Correct Overanticoagulation Mark W. Swaim and B. Gail Macik Vitamin K to Correct Overanticoagulation Vittorio Pengo , Gentian Denas , and Seena Padayattil Jose Vitamin K to Correct Overanticoagulation Robert C. Pendleton and Sara Vazquez Vitamin K to Correct Overanticoagulation Ayad Jindeel Metrics 15 September 2009Volume 151, Issue 6Page: 434-435KeywordsConflicts of interestHemorrhageInternational normalized ratioVitamin K ePublished: 15 September 2009 Issue Published: 15 September 2009 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2009 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Error in Letter.
Journal: JAMA (1992)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
INDUCED THIAMINE DEFICIENCY IN MAN
Journal: JAMA (1941)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
LOCAL MASSAGE FOR LOCAL NEURASTHENIA. BY DOUGLAS GRAHAM, M.D....
Journal: JAMA (1988)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Michelangelo and medicine
Authors: R. DasGupta
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2002)

JRSM 1 ) Dr Beale proposes an incomplete solution.The universal vaccination idea is based on the view that the current conflict is caused by a few 'rotten apples' ('rogue states', etc.) bent on upsetting an otherwise perfect world.Is it not more 'scientific' and morally less repugnant to use some of the money which will be dedicated to rendering the good apples biologically immune, to sociological, psychological, political, linguistic, religious and conceptual research so that the reasons why people have become 'careless with their lives' can be understood?Have the human sciences also been thrown overboard?