tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Harvard fraud case: where does the problem lie?
Authors: R. Knox
Journal: JAMA (1983)

Ascientific scandal at Harvard Medical School has culminated in the harshest penalty the federal government has ever imposed on a researcher for falsifying data. Moreover, a National Institutes of Health (NIH) investigative report issued Feb 16 and accompanying documents have criticized Harvard for its handling of the affair, embarrassed one of the nation's leading cardiologists, and suggested strongly that the pattern of fraud extends back to the perpetrator's residency days at Emory University School of Medicine in Atlanta. The protagonist in the case, one of the most complex in the expanding annals of scientific fraud, is a former Harvard research fellow, John Roland Darsee, MD, 34. Now in a second residency program in upstate New York, Darsee appeared destined for a brilliant academic career before his boldness in faking results in animal experiments began to reveal an extensive pattern of data fabrication. Ultimately, he was found to have falsified large
Progress in the Application of DNA Microarrays
Authors: Edward K. Lobenhofer, Pierre R. Bushel, Cynthia A. Afshari, Hisham K. Hamadeh
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2001)

Microarray technology has been applied to a variety of different fields to address fundamental research questions. The use of microarrays, or DNA chips, to study the gene expression profiles of biologic samples began in 1995. Since that time, the fundamental concepts behind the chip, the technology required for making and using these chips, and the multitude of statistical tools for analyzing the data have been extensively reviewed. For this reason, the focus of this review will be not on the technology itself but on the application of microarrays as a research tool and the future challenges of the field.
Progress toward human gene therapy
Authors: M. A. Morsy
Journal: JAMA (1993)

THE TECHNOLOGY of gene transfer has evolved over nearly 50 years since studies of DNA-mediated bacterial transformation reported by Avery et al in 1944.<sup>1</sup>These earliest gene transfer experiments explored "the chemical nature of the substance inducing transformation of pneumococcal types."1 More than two decades later, mammalian cells were transformed with SV40 and polyoma papovavirus DNA by calcium phosphate—mediated cellular uptake.<sup>2-4</sup>In 1971, the first workshop on gene therapy was held.<sup>5</sup>Recombinant DNA technology provided the first approaches for cell transfer of disease-related genes (ie, β-globin [hemoglobinopathies] and hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyltransferase [Lesch-Nyhan syndrome]).<sup>6-10</sup>The Human Genome Project, with its high rate of heritable disease and cancer gene discoveries, fuels the opportunities for gene transfer therapy. Replication-defective viral vectors are essential vehicles for gene transfer. Safe viral vectors were developed in the laboratories of Mulligan, Verma, Miller, and Gilboa based on the basic research on the life
NCI9782: A phase 1 study of talazoparib in combination with carboplatin and paclitaxel in patients with advanced solid tumors.
Authors: Anita Ahmed Turk, Ticiana A.B. Leal, Nancy Chan, Robert Wesolowski, Ruth O'Regan, Mark E. Burkard, Amye Tevaarwerk, Laurel Rice, Toby Christopher Campbell, Justine Yang Bruce, Jyoti Malhotra, Lisa Marie Barroilhet, Janice M. Mehnert, Jens C. Eickhoff, Glenn Liu, Kari Braun Wisinski
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2018)

2548 Background: Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) enzymes are involved in DNA repair and activated by DNA strand breaks. DNA damage from carboplatin is associated with activation of PARP. Preclinical data indicate that PARP inhibition and trapping potentiates the anti-tumor effect of platinum chemotherapy. Talazoparib (T) is an oral, selective PARP inhibitor. This phase I study combines T with carboplatin (C) and paclitaxel (P). Methods: Two dosing schedules are being investigated. C is administered on day 1 and P on days 1, 8, and 15 of a 21-day cycle. T (100-1000mcg) is dosed once daily for days 1-7 (schedule A) or days 1-3 (schedule B) starting on day 1. Dose escalation is by 3+3 design. Key eligibility criteria include age 18+ with a solid incurable malignancy. Patients (pts) must have tumor type that is expected to respond to C + P or have BRCA germline or somatic mutation and adequate organ function. After 4-6 cycles of combination therapy, pts may continue the combination, change to C and intermittent T without P or change to T alone with continuous dosing. Each schedule will have a 6 pt dose expansion at the MTD. The starting dose for schedule B is the MTD from schedule A. Results: Schedule A results are reported: 23 pts (median age 55 yrs [range 37-70]) have been enrolled. Primary malignancies include breast (9), ovarian (3), SCC of skin/oropharynx (4), pancreatic (1), and other (5). 10 pts have known gBRCA1/2 mutations. Dose level 3 (T 350mcg with C AUC 6 + P 80mg/m2) exceeded the MTD with 2 of 3 pts experiencing hematologic dose limiting toxicities (DLTs). Expansion of dose level 2 (T 250mcg with C AUC 6 + P 80mg/m2) confirmed this level as the MTD. Most common adverse events included neutropenia (grade 3-4: 73.9%), anemia (grade 3-4: 39.1%), and thrombocytopenia (grade 3-4: 30.4%). Pts were on study a median of 15 weeks (range 1-98+). Of 17 pts with measurable disease, 9 (52.9%) had PR and 5 (29.4%) had SD. 35% of patients changed to T alone after combination chemotherapy. PBMC analysis for RAD51 foci, dH2AX, and PAR levels will be reported. Conclusions: The schedule A MTD and RP2D is T 250 mcg with C AUC 6 and P 80mg/m2. This combination was tolerated with prolonged responses seen at lower dose T in combination with C+P. Clinical trial information: NCT02317874.
Abstract 3999: Human proteome arrays for auto-antibody identification in clinical cancer studies
Authors: John H. Kenten, Jessica Suschak, Kristian Roth, Bandele Jeffery-Coker, Fei Yin, Eli N. Glezer
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Early detection, identification and classification of cancers still present considerable challenges. Innovations in several areas of research have provided novel and powerful approaches with which to tackle these challenges. Autoantibodies to tumor antigens have been found in cancer patients. Such autoantibodies are potentially ideal diagnostic biomarkers, as they are present in serum, are stable, and can be measured using established serological techniques. In order to discover new autoantibody responses in cancer patients, we have developed an approach based on the generation of protein arrays for systematic identification of auto-reactive antibodies. Our approach makes use of several key technologies: sequence-curated clone libraries, in-vitro protein expression, and a sensitive detection technology based on a proprietary combination of electrochemiluminescence detection and patterned arrays (Multi-Array® Technology, Meso Scale Diagnostics). Using this combination of technologies we plan to generate immobilized arrays of &amp;gt;1,000 proteins, with a high density of proteins per well in a 96-well microtiter plate format. The array of human proteins is selected from our collection of 60,000 mammalian clones (characterized by sequencing). The protein arrays will be used to screen cancer patient sera and controls. During the initial development of this platform we optimized the protocols for in-vitro protein expression and labeling, specifically for immobilization on our Multi-Array plates. With this approach we have demonstrated detection of antigen-specific antibodies down to a concentration of 0.1 ng/mL. We have also validated this approach in a model system, with the detection of auto-reactive antibodies in the sera from 29 patients with a range of auto-immune diseases (Sjogren's syndrome, mixed connective tissue disease, scleroderma, systemic lupus erythematosus, and primary bilary cirrhosis), using 9 cloned autoimmune antigens. In parallel, we also optimized approaches for spotting in-vitro expressed proteins in high density spot/well arrays. In these studies we evaluated a selection of electrode surfaces and protein coupling methods, in combination with various spotting methods, and demonstrated serological measurements in a high density spot/well array. This effort was supported with funding from the NCI #1R44CA130391-1A1. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3999.
Leads from the MMWR. Summary: Recommendations for preventing transmission of infection with HTLV-III/LAV in the workplace
Journal: JAMA (1985)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Crocidolite Asbestos Induces Apoptosis of Pleural Mesothelial Cells: Role of Reactive Oxygen Species and Poly(ADP-Ribosyl) Polymerase
Authors: V. Courtney Broaddus, Lin Yang, Louis M. Scavo, Joel D. Ernst, Alice M. Boylan
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1997)

Mesothelial cells, the progenitor cells of the asbestos-induced tumor mesothelioma, are particularly sensitive to the toxic effects of asbestos, although the molecular mechanisms by which asbestos induces injury in mesothelial cells are not known.We asked whether asbestos induced apoptosis in mesothelial cells and whether reactive oxygen species were important.Rabbit pleural mesothelial cells were exposed to crocidolite asbestos or control particles (1-10 pg/cm2) over 24 hr and evaluated for oligonucleosomal DNA fragmentation, loss of membrane phospholipid asymmetry, and nuclear condensation.Asbestos fibers, not control particles, induced apoptosis in mesothelial cells by all assays.Induction of apoptosis was dose dependent; crocidolite (5 pg/cm2) induced apoptosis 115.0 ± 1.1 %, mean ± SE; n = 12) versus control particles (<4%), as measured by appearance of nuclear condensation.Apoptosis induced by asbestos, but not by actinomycin D, was inhibited by extracellular catalase, superoxide dismutase in the presence of catalase, hypoxia (8% oxygen), deferoxamine, and 3-aminobenzamide (an inhibitor of the nuclear enzyme, poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribosyl) polymerase).We conclude that asbestos induces apoptosis in mesothelial cells via reactive oxygen species.We speculate that escape from this pathway could allow the abnormal survival of mesothelial cells with asbestos- induced mutations.
JOSEPH LOUIS GAY-LUSSAC (1778-1850) —PHYSICIST AND FIRE BALLOONIST
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The contribution of mechanical problems to In-stent restenosis: An intravascular ultrasound analysis of 1090 consecutive In-stent restenosis lesions Macro Castagna, Gary S. Mintz, Neil J. Weissman, Roxana Mehran, Augusto D. Pichard, Afework G. Gebreeyesus, Lowell F. Satler, Kenneth M. Kent. Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC, Cardiovascular Research Foundation, New York, NY
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Cardiovascular Pathology
Authors: Daniel R. Alonso
Journal: JAMA (1993)

Cardiovascular pathology has progressed to the point that it is now a well-established pathology subspecialty.<i>Cardiovascular Pathology</i>, the official journal of the Society for Cardiovascular Pathology, and now the second journal in this field, attests to the relative importance achieved by the discipline. The journal publishes papers that range from "disease-oriented morphology and pathobiology from pathologists and nonpathologist investigators to mechanical prostheses, from molecular biology to clinical cardiac disease, from experimental ischemia to descriptive gross morphology." The editorial board represents a veritable<i>Who's Who</i>in the subspecialty. Although largely drawn from US academic medical centers, the board also includes distinguished investigators from around the world. Appearing four times yearly, the journal has averaged about 80 pages and eight to 10 articles per issue. As is frequently the case with new journals, the first issues of volume 1 were heavy on invited review articles. By issue 3, however, a more even
Control of Tuberculosis
Authors: Roger S. Mitchell
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1967)

Retreatment ChemotherapyThis consists in the use of the drugs listed in the lower half of Table 1.17–19,62 It is essential that retreatment be initiated in the hospital. In persons who have never received any of these "secondary" drugs, it is relatively easy to choose two or three previously unused drugs that the patient can tolerate; preferably, only one should be an antibiotic absorbed only by the parenteral route since all these derivatives (KM, VM, CPM) may cause vestibular or auditory toxicity or both, and thus the use of two together tends to increase the risk of ototoxicity. PAS . . .
Miscellany
Journal: JAMA (1971)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
NMA seeks prescription to end violence
Authors: A. A. Skolnick
Journal: JAMA (1993)

THE EPIDEMIC of violence in the United States was the subject of a plenary session at the 98th annual convention and scientific assembly of the National Medical Association (NMA), held in San Antonio, Tex. The panel of health care and other experts was brought together to provide the association's members with a clearer understanding of the dynamics of violence and the steps they can take to check the epidemic in their communities. One panelist, however, was a political scientist who argued against treating violence as a public health problem because it would distract black communities from dealing with what he says are the real causes of violence, racism, and poverty. Entitled "Violence Reduction in the African-American Community: A Prescription for Action," the plenary session was sponsored by the NMA, the Washington, DC—based professional organization whose members are mainly black physicians, in conjunction with the US Department of Health and Human
Ingenious radiologists
Authors: D J Allison
Journal: BMJ (1981)

Dr Smith rightly regards habitual drunken offenders as particularly difficult to treat, but an uncontrolled study by Bourne et all demonstrates that even in this most un- promising group supervised disulfiram can produce long periods of sobriety.For some patients it was offered as an alternative to imprisonment as a condition of probation.I have recently described two cases in which British courts agreed to this course.5Both were very successful, despite the fact that one patient had considerable alcoholic cerebral atrophy.It is not surprising that alcoholics are such unpopular patients if doctors think that there is no specific treatment.Many will respond to this simple, cheap, effective and- compared with alcoholism-safe technique.Can someone tell me why it is so little used ?
Book Review Gastro-Enterology (three volumes). By Henry L. Bockus. Vol. II.<i>The Small and Large Intestine and Peritoneum: Diagnosis and Treatment of Disorders of the Small Intestine, Colon, Peritoneum, Mesentery and Omentum.</i>4°, cloth, 975 pp., with 311 illustrations and 53 tables. Philadelphia and London: W. B. Saunders Company, 1944. $12.00.
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1945)
<i>Humani Corporis</i>
Authors: Benjamin Spector
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1962)

A VISITOR to the Widener Library at Harvard University may see a mural painting by John Singer Sargent that carries the following inscription:Happy those who with a glowing faith In one embrace clasped death and victory.This caption strikingly exemplifies the action of those who donate their bodies, after death, to a medical school for the promotion of anatomic science. This unique combination of death and victory is again delineated in Figure 1. Here, one sees the professor of anatomy graphically demonstrating on his own hand the living concept of function that he has gained from the dissection of the . . .
Coronary Artery Disease In Vietnam Casualties
Authors: J. Judson McNamara
Journal: JAMA (1971)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I read through Dr. Mann's letter with both amazement and concern. I was amazed by lack of insight into the circumstances under which the study was performed and concerned over lack of understanding of difficulties inherent in grading coronary atherosclerosis. The former is evident to anyone who has been drafted into the Army and spent a year in Vietnam; the latter is evident to anyone who has actually attempted to grade coronary disease. Medical records are not available on any of these patients at the time of injury in the field, and we are still attempting to locate a number of records from Army files for a more complete report. For several reasons, this is extremely difficult, and, thus, this preliminary report. The fact that Young et al did not develop a reliable quantitative method for determining coronary disease is exemplified by the numerous attempts since 1960
Abstract 5277: Glutamine antagonists synergize with L-asparaginase in MYCN-driven rhabdomyosarcoma
Authors: Micah J. Maxwell, Brad A. Poore, Allison Hanaford, Jesse Alt, Rana Rais, Barbara S. Slusher, Charles G. Eberhart, Eric H. Raabe
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Rhabdomyosarcoma is the most common soft tissue sarcoma in children. Chromosomal translocations producing fusion transcription factors (PAX-FOXO1) are associated with poor prognosis. A subset of fusion-positive rhabdomyosarcomas have downstream activation of the transcription factor MYCN, a known oncogenic driver. Attempts to inhibit directly either PAX-FOXO1 or MYCN have been unsuccessful. MYCN is known to drive tumor cell reliance on glutamine metabolism. 6-diazo-5-oxo-L-norleucine (DON) is a well-characterized glutamine analog that irreversibly inhibits glutamine-utilizing enzymes. DON was well tolerated in a phase I pediatric clinical trial, but it has never been systematically tested in rhabdomyosarcoma. We show that high MYCN confers sensitivity to DON therapy in vitro. We have also developed a targeted glutamine antagonist compound, JHU083, which is similarly effective against MYCN-driven rhabdomyosarcoma cell lines. Furthermore, DON administered by intraperitoneal injection twice weekly significantly reduces flank tumor volume in a murine xenograft MYCN-driven rhabdomyosarcoma model (mean tumor volume 757 mm3 vs. 2167 mm3 in control animals, p-value 0.0000197 by t-test). In stable isotope resolved metabolomics experiments, DON primarily prevents asparagine synthesis, depleting intracellular asparagine levels by at least 50% in MYCN-driven cell lines (p-value = 0.0003). Finally, DON combined with L-asparaginase synergistically inhibits growth of MYCN-driven rhabdomyosarcoma cell lines (CI &amp;lt;&amp;lt; 1 by the Chou-Talalay method, indicating strong synergy; p-value = 0.0001). We conclude that DON depletes cellular pools of asparagine, and combination therapy with DON and L-asparaginase synergistically inhibits the growth of MYCN-driven rhabdomyosarcoma. These studies provide the preclinical justification for potential clinical trials for the use DON or DON prodrugs in combination with L-asparaginase as new therapeutic options for patients with MYCN-driven rhabdomyosarcoma. Citation Format: Micah J. Maxwell, Brad A. Poore, Allison Hanaford, Jesse Alt, Rana Rais, Barbara S. Slusher, Charles G. Eberhart, Eric H. Raabe. Glutamine antagonists synergize with L-asparaginase in MYCN-driven rhabdomyosarcoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 5277.