tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Hypnotism via TV May Find Application In Group Therapy, Research, Education
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Shigella dysenteriae Type 1 in Tourists to Cancun, Mexico
Journal: JAMA (1988)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Risk Factors for the Emergence of Psychotic Disorders in Adolescents With 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome
Authors: Doron Gothelf
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2007)

Objective: The 22q11.2 deletion syndrome is the most common known genetic risk factor for the development of schizophrenia. The authors conducted a longitudinal evaluation of adolescents with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome to identify early risk factors for the development of psychotic disorders. Method: Sixty children, 31 with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome and 29 comparison subjects with idiopathic developmental disability matched for age and IQ, underwent a baseline evaluation between 1998 and 2000; of these, 51 children (28 and 23 in the two groups, respectively) underwent follow-up evaluation between 2003 and 2005. A standardized comprehensive psychiatric, psychological, and adaptive functioning evaluation was conducted in both waves. Participants with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome were also genotyped for the catechol O -methyltransferase (COMT) Met/Val polymorphism and underwent magnetic resonance imaging scans. Results: The two groups had similar baseline neuropsychiatric profiles. At follow-up, 32.1% of subjects with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome had developed psychotic disorders as compared with 4.3% of comparison subjects. In the 22q11.2 deletion syndrome group, baseline subthreshold psychotic symptoms interacted both with the COMT genotype and with baseline symptoms of anxiety or depression to predict 61% of the variance in severity of psychosis at follow-up evaluation. Lower baseline verbal IQ was also associated with more severe psychotic symptoms at follow-up evaluation. Conclusions: Genetic, cognitive, and psychiatric risk factors for the evolution of psychotic disorders in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome during adolescence were identified. Early intervention in the subgroup of children with subthreshold signs of psychosis and internalizing symptoms (especially anxiety symptoms) may reduce the risk of developing psychotic disorders during adolescence.
Anosmic-Hypogonadotrophism?
Authors: DONALD L. GORDON
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1970)

Letters and Comments1 April 1970Anosmic-Hypogonadotrophism?DONALD L. GORDON, M.D.DONALD L. GORDON, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-72-4-602_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: I have come to a different conclusion than the author, Robert M. Boyar, after reading his article, "The Effect of Clomiphene Citrate in Anosmic-Hypogonadotrophism" (Ann Intern Med71:1127, 1969). The patient was presented as a case of anosmia and hypogonadotrophic eunuchoidism due to defective pituitary activation by the hypothalamic releasing factors for luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). This diagnosis seems very dubious since the patient had normal levels of plasma LH and FSH. Alternatively, the lack of secondary sex characteristics, the immature seminiferous tubules and Leydig cells, the very low base-line plasma testosterone level, and...References1. FAIMAN C, HOFFMAN D, and RYAN R: The "fertile eunuch" syndrome: demonstration of isolated luteinizing hormone deficiency by radioimmunoassay technique. Mayo Clin Proc 43:661, 1968 MedlineGoogle Scholar2. MARTIN F: The stimulation and prolonged maintenance of spermatogenesis by human pituitary gondotrophins in a patient with hypogonadotrophic eunuchoidism. J Endocr 38:431, 1967 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. VALPE R, METZIER W, and JOHNSTON M: Familial hypogonadotrophic eunuchoidism with cerebellar ataxia. J Clin Endocr 23:107, 1963 CrossrefGoogle Scholar4. BARDIN C, Ross G, and RIFKIND A: Studies of the pituitary-Leydig cell axis in young men with hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism and hyposmia: comparison with normal men, prepuberal boys, and hypopituitary patients. J Clin Invest 48:2046, 1969 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. WILKINS L: The Diagnosis and Treatment of Endocrine Disorders in Childhood and Adolescence, 3rd ed., Springfield, Ill., Charles C Thomas, Publisher, 1966, pp. 263-64 Google Scholar1. BARDIN C, ROSS G, and RIFKIND A: J Clin Invest 48:2046, 1969 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: DONALD L. GORDON, M.D.Affiliations: Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism Department of Medicine The Chicago Medical School Mount Sinai Medical Center Chicago, Ill. 60608 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byElectron microscopic studies of testes in Kallman syndrome 1 April 1970Volume 72, Issue 4 Page: 602-603 Keywords Blood plasma Cells Follicle stimulating hormone Follicle-stimulating hormone Luteinizing hormone Testosterone ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 April 1970 PDF downloadLoading ...
Specialists or Generalists? The Medical Outcomes Study
Authors: Dominic J. Balestra
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> — Primary care medicine has recently scored the academic equivalent of the "triple-double" in basketball or the "hat trick" in hockey. Articles and editorials in the<i>Annals of Internal Medicine, New England Journal of Medicine</i>, and<i>JAMA</i>have addressed either the manpower shortages in primary care or the putative economic consequences of the specialist/generalist distribution in the United States.<sup>1-6</sup>As a general internist, geriatrician, and member of a medical school admissions committee, I wish to challenge some of the opinions offered in the editorials and express a few of my own. Intelligence, commitment to medicine, skill, and humanism are desirable attributes in all physicians, not only in primary care physicians. Patients and most of my specialist colleagues would agree. I am unwilling to concede that surgical or support specialities and subspecialities are "more glamorous." In reality, most primary care physicians value professional recognition, financial rewards, and professional
Burkitt's lymphoma
Authors: D. Burkitt
Journal: JAMA (1972)

<h3>Identification</h3> This tumor was first identified as a clinical syndrome early in 1957. The recognition that a number of tumors appearing in different but characteristic sites tended to occur together in the same individual, suggested that these might all be but different manifestations of a single tumor. Characteristic sites included the jaw, eyes, ovaries, kidneys, adrenals, salivary glands, thyroid, and testes. This clinical impression of a unitary process was subsequently strengthened by the observation that the age distribution among patients with the different tumors was similar and the geographical distribution identical. Subsequently, the histological and cytological features of the tumors were also shown to be identical. <h3>Previous Treatment</h3> These tumors were formerly diagnosed according to the organ or structure involved, eg, eyes: retinoblastoma; ovary: granulosa-cell tumor; adrenal: neuroblastoma; jaw: sarcoma, and were usually treated surgically. There was no follow-up, and there were no known survivors. <h3>First Treatment With Chemotherapy</h3> The
Pediatric Surgery
Authors: John D. Burrington
Journal: JAMA (1987)

This handsome two-volume work is beautifully produced and remains the largest single repository of information relative to pediatric surgery. Its production, roentgenograms, and layout are all superbly done. At 14 1/2 pounds, however, it is considerably heavier than many pediatric surgery patients, and it will probably find a place only in libraries and in the offices of practicing pediatric surgeons. Any work with 150 or so authors has problems with organization and balance, and<i>Pediatric Surgery</i>is no exception. There are some omissions, and many statements are far from widely accepted. The section on ear, nose, and throat surgery, for instance, has two beautiful Max Brodel illustrations dated 1916 and published in 1917. Although the anatomy of the oropharynx has not changed in the intervening years, anesthesia has. The drawing depicts an old mouth gag designed for ether-insufflation anesthesia, and there is no evidence of an endotracheal tube. This technique
Error in Table Data
Authors: George Hripcsak, Steven Shea, Martijn Schuemie
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2020)

Robin J. MacGowan, MPH; Pollyanna R. Chavez, PhD; Craig B. Borkowf, PhD; S. Michele Owen, PhD; David W. Purcell, PhD; Jonathan H. Mermin, MD; Patrick S. Sullivan, PhD, DVM; for the eSTAMP Study Group
P3BEP (ANZUP 1302): An international randomized phase III trial of accelerated versus standard BEP chemotherapy for adult and pediatric male and female patients with intermediate and poor-risk metastatic germ cell tumors (GCTs).
Authors: Alison Yan Zhang, Guy C. Toner, Nicola Jane Lawrence, Martin R. Stockler, Andrew James Martin, Kate Ford, Amanda Gwendolyn Stevanovic, David Wyld, Euan Thomas Walpole, Simon Troon, Fritha J. Hanning, Girish Mallesara, Andrew James Weickhardt, Alison Jane Birtle, Ian D. Davis, Peter S. Grimison
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2019)

TPS539 Background: Bleomycin, etoposide, cisplatin (BEP) given 3-weekly x 4 remains standard 1st line chemotherapy for metastatic GCTs. Acceleration of standard regimen with shorter cycle lengths has improved cure rates in other cancers. This is the first international randomised clinical trial for intermediate and poor-risk metastatic extracranial GCTs involving both adult and paediatric age group males and females. We aim to determine if accelerated BEP is superior to standard BEP. Methods: DESIGN: Open label, randomised, stratified multicentre, 2 stage, phase 3 trial. Primary endpoint for stage I (n = 150) is the achievement of a complete response (CR), and for entire trial (n = 500) is progression free survival (PFS). SAMPLE SIZE: 150 and 500 patients gives &gt; 80% power to detect a 20% improvement in achieving a CR and 7% absolute improvement in 2yr PFS, respectively. POPULATION: Males and females aged 11-45 years with intermediate or poor-risk metastatic GCTs of the testis, ovary, retroperitoneum or mediastinum for 1st line chemotherapy. TREATMENT: Randomisation 1:1 to 4 cycles of “standard BEP” or “accelerated BEP”: cisplatin 20mg/m 2 IV D1-5; etoposide 100mg/m 2 IV D1-5; bleomycin 30000 IU IV weekly; and pegylated G-CSF SC D6 or Filgrastim daily; given every 3 weeks or every 2 weeks respectively. Accelerated BEP arm receives 4 additional weekly doses of bleomycin. ASSESSMENTS: Response assessments at 30 day safety assessment, and 6 months from randomisation or after all post-chemotherapy intervention is completed. Regular follow-up up to 5 years, then annually. Archival tumour tissue and baseline blood collected for translational substudies. STATUS: 25 sites open in ANZ, 11 sites open in UK (led by Cambridge Clinical Trials Unit), 19 sites open in the USA (led by Children’s Oncology Group). As of 23rd October 2018, 59 patients have been recruited. Clinical trial information: NCT02582697.
Abstract P344: Statin Therapy Does not Increase the Risk for a Medically-Treated Fall
Authors: Stacey Knight, Heidi T May, Benjamin D Horne, Jeffrey L Anderson, Joseph B Muhlestein
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background: It has been suggested that taking statins may increase the risk of a fall due to myopathy. However, studies have reported contradictory evidence regarding the association between statin use and fall risk. The purpose of this study was to determine whether taking statins increases the risk of falls in patients undergoing a coronary angiography. Methods: The study population was a subset subjects from the Intermountain Heart Collaborative Study (n=1011). A subject was considered as taking statins if they were discharged with statins and had record of a filled statin prescription (n=810); they were considered as not taking statins if they had no prior statin use, were not discharged with statins, and had no record of a filled statin prescription (n=203). Electronic medical records were queried to determined medically treated falls (ICD-9: E8850-E8869; E888x) within 5 years of their angiography. Univariate association testing between falls and cardiovascular medications, co-morbidities, and demographic factors were done. Multivariate Cox regression analysis was used to test the association between statin use and fall risk while adjusting for the other factors found to be associated with fall risk in the univariate analyses. Results: Of the 1011 subjects, 112 (11%) had at least one medically-treated fall within 5 years. In the univariate analyses, statin use (p=0.024), age (p&lt;0.001), sex (p=0.001), hypertension (p=0.040), diabetes (p&lt;0.001), history of atrial fibrillation (AF) (p&lt;0.001), and coumadin use (p=0.009) were associated with falls. Even after adjustment by other risk factors, statin use was associated with a decrease risk of a fall (HR=0.62; 0.40, 0.94). The factors conferring the most risk of a fall were diabetes, AF, and age (Table 1). Conclusions: Statin use was associated with a 1.6-fold decreased risk for a medically-treated fall. This suggests that clinicians may not need to caution patients taking statins regarding an increase risk of falls.
Review and control of antimicrobial usage in hospitalized patients. A recommended collaborative approach
Authors: G. W. Counts
Journal: JAMA (1977)

THE 1976 Hospital Accreditation Standards on Infection Control established by the Joint Commission on the Accreditation of Hospitals (JCAH) now requires involvement of physicians in a review of antimicrobial usage in hospitalized patients. As stated, the hospital's infection control program is to "include the regular review of the clinical usage of antibiotics." In recent years, attention has been focused on antibiotic prescribing and the magnitude of the problem of inappropriate usage of antibiotics by physicians. Several factors have contributed to the call for scrutiny of physician antibiotic-prescribing patterns. In 1970, Scheckler and Bennett<sup>1</sup>from the Center for Disease Control reported that 62% of patients receiving antibiotics in seven community hospitals had no evidence of infection. Similar findings concerning possible inappropriate use of antibiotics have been reported by others.<sup>2-4</sup>In 1974, Simmons and Stolley<sup>5</sup>presented a strongly worded commentary on physician misuse of antibiotics. They suggested that "hundreds
Dietary treatment of type IV hyperlipoproteinemia
Authors: A. M. Gotto
Journal: JAMA (1977)

This communication describes an investigation of the effectiveness of dietary counseling in the treatment of patients classified phenotypically as having type IV hyperlipoproteinemia or endogenous hypertriglyceridemia. Over a period of two years, 103 patients who received instructions for a therapeutic diet and regular dietary counseling by a physician and dietitian had a large decline in the concentration of serum triglycerides, as compared to 175 patients with the same diagnosis who received similar diets but little dietary counseling. Over the period of the study, the median plasma triglyceride concentration decreased from 302 to 210 mg/100 ml, the mean triglyceride value from 381 to 263 mg/100 ml, and the mean weight from 84 to 80 kg in the group receiving dietary counseling. (<i>JAMA</i>237:1212-1215, 1977)
Heel pain.
Authors: W W Gibbon, V N Cassar-Pullicino
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1994)

Case Study A 41 year old man presented with pain in the right heel when running.The left heel was asymptomatic.The patient was a keen amateur sportsman but had slowly become unable to participate in sports due to gradual increase in pain over the previous six months.Physical examination revealed localised tenderness over the anterior plantar surface of the right calcaneus and soft-tissue thickening and focal tenderness over the distal third of the Achilles tendon.The left heel was unremarkable.The patient also complained ofvague low back pain with increased back stiffness.Clinical examin- ation of the lumbar spine and sacro-iliac joints was normal.
Amantadine Hydrochloride
Authors: J. J. Quilligan
Journal: JAMA (1967)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Recent reports (<b>200</b>:943-950, and<b>201</b>:372-373, 1967) on the antiviral compound, amantadine hydrochloride, effective in suppressing A2 virus strains of influenza in the laboratory and in limited field trials, have raised several points that deserve comment. The remarks directed toward validity of data can be best answered by time and further observations. The basic question that must be asked by each physician prescribing amantadine hydrochloride is whether or not to "prophylactically" suppress influenza. The concept of chemoprophylaxis in the face of so-called sporadic influenza appears untenable. However, a widespread epidemic with increased absenteeism from school, etc, and recovery of strains of A2 influenza that are shown to be sensitive to the action of amantadine should be a clear indication for its use. It must be used in proper dosage and before contact. A significant unanswered question regarding amantadine hydrochloride is how it will act on any new antigenic A type that could emerge and result in the dreadful
Final results of ?hot ends? 32P radioactive $beta;-emitting stent implantation in patients with CAD. The Milan and Rotterdam experience Remo Albiero, Takahiro Nishida, Alexander J. Wardeh, A.H. Marco Knook, Antonio Amato, Nicola Corvaja, Marco Vaghetti, Goran Stankovic, Carlo Di Mario, Patrick W. Serruys, Antonio Colombo. EMO Centro Cuore Columbus, Milan, Italy, Thoraxcenter Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
The effects of dietary iron on initiation and promotion in chemical hepatocarcinogenesis*1
Authors: P STAL
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of dietary iron on hepatocarcinogenesis in an animal model mimicking noncirrhotic genetic hemochromatosis. Iron overload may lead to liver cirrhosis and an increased risk of developing primary hepatocellular carcinoma. It is unknown if iron is of pathogenic importance for the carcinogenic process, or whether the increased cancer risk results solely from the cirrhotic process. We investigated the initiating, promoting, and mitogenic properties of carbonyl iron in the Solt-Farber model of chemical hepatocarcinogenesis. A diet supplemented with 2.5% to 3.0% carbonyl iron was either added to, or replaced, the initiating and promoting events in the model. None of the animals developed hepatic fibrosis. Hepatic iron was increased 6- to 13-fold in iron-treated animals, and predominantly located in periportal hepatocytes. Iron as an initiator did not increase the number of glutathione-S-transferase-Yp-positive foci. Iron reduced the number of foci when added to low-dose diethylnitrosamine plus partial hepatectomy, which may be explained by a delayed hepatic regeneration in iron-loaded liver. As a promoter, iron did not selectively induce proliferation of initiated cells. Added to a complete promotive regimen, iron decreased the volume density of preneoplastic nodules, possibly because of a mitostimulatory effect of iron on normal hepatocytes surrounding the nodules. Iron increased the hepatocyte labeling index and counteracted the mitoinhibitory effect of 2-acetylaminofluorene on regenerating liver. We conclude that in this animal model, dietary carbonyl iron, mimicking the iron loading pattern of genetic hemochromatosis (1) does not possess genotoxic properties detectable as increased preneoplastic foci formation; (2) does not promote the growth of initiated cells; (3) has mitogenic properties in vivo, but not strong enough to replace partial hepatectomy in promotion; and (4) leads to a decreased number of foci or volume density of nodules when added to a complete initiating or promoting regimen.