tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Folic Acid and the Prevention of Birth Defects
Authors: C. E. Butterworth
Journal: Annual Review of Nutrition (1996)

Thirty years ago, it was suggested that maternal intake of certain vitamins during pregnancy affected the incidence of serious fetal malformations. Subsequent research has revealed that folate (folic acid), a B vitamin, plays a crucial role in the development of the central nervous system during the early weeks of gestation, which is generally before the pregnancy is confirmed. In a significant number of embryos, an inadequate supply of folate at this time leads to a failure of the primitive neural tube to close and differentiate normally and results in neural tube birth defects (NTD). Numerous studies have confirmed the importance of an adequate intake of folate during the weeks just before and after conception. Overall, the data predict that if women consume multivitamin supplements containing folic acid during the periconceptional period, the number of children born with serious malformations (such as spina bifida and anencephaly) could be reduced by half. Although programs to increase dietary folate intake of potential mothers may be effective in reducing NTD, the only proven and practical preventive measure currently available is to take oral multivitamin supplements containing folic acid. Multivitamin supplementation has also been associated with reduced incidence of other congenital malformations. Current research is focusing on the role of micronutrients in embryogenesis, and on methods to identify prospective mothers at increased risk for bearing a child with NTD or with other major malformations shown to occur at reduced frequency with multivitamin supplementation. Of equal importance is the development of methods to communicate current knowledge as a public health measure.
Update in Pulmonary Medicine
Authors: John H. Hansen-Flaschen
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2003)

Updates from the Annual Session18 February 2003Update in Pulmonary MedicineJohn H. Hansen-Flaschen, MDJohn H. Hansen-Flaschen, MDFrom Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-138-4-200302180-00011 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Pulmonary diseases, including chronic lung disease and pneumonia, are the third leading cause of death in the United States. Because of the worldwide popularity of cigarette smoking, these illnesses are increasing in frequency, and trends suggest that a greater proportion of disability and death will result from lung illnesses compared with heart disease as cardiovascular risk preventions take full effect.This Update focuses on recent advances in the diagnosis and treatment of lung diseases. Each study used high-quality research methods. The articles are divided into six areas: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, the acute respiratory distress syndrome, tuberculosis, thoracic imaging, sleep ...References1. Comstock GW. How much isoniazid is needed for prevention of tuberculosis among immunocompetent adults? Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 1999;3:847-50. [PMID: 10524579] MedlineGoogle Scholar2. Burman WJ, Reves RR. Hepatotoxicity from rifampin plus pyrazinamide: lessons for policymakers and messages for care providers. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2001;164:1112-3. [PMID: 11673194] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. Value of the ventilation/perfusion scan in acute pulmonary embolism. Results of the prospective investigation of pulmonary embolism diagnosis (PIOPED). The PIOPED Investigators. JAMA. 1990;263:2753-9. [PMID: 2332918] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. Karlawish JH, Pack AI. Addressing the ethical problems of randomized and placebo-controlled trials of CPAP [Editorial]. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2001;163:809-10. [PMID: 11282743] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.Corresponding Author: John H. Hansen-Flaschen, MD, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Maloney Building, Room 873, 3600 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104; e-mail, [email protected]med.upenn.edu. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byPeriodontal health and quality of life in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 18 February 2003Volume 138, Issue 4Page: 319-325KeywordsAcute respiratory distress syndromeComputed axial tomographyContinuous positive airway pressureHypertensionLung and intrathoracic tumorsLungsPulmonary embolismQuality of lifeSleep apneaSpecificity ePublished: 18 February 2003 Issue Published: 18 February 2003 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2003 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Puppy love can be therapeutic, too
Authors: R. Voelker
Journal: JAMA (1995)

ON A WINTRY November night, a special group of therapists makes its way to the 11th floor of the Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago (Ill). They arrive with cold noses, but that has nothing to do with the blustery weather. These therapists have names like Max, Kelly, Derby, and Jake. Each has four legs and a gorgeous fur coat. "The dogs are a source of inspiration," says Marquette Buie, recovering from multiple gunshot wounds that in September 1994 left him quadriplegic. Since then, Buie has regained the use of his right arm and hand and his ability to speak. He says that the dogs, which arrive with their owners weekly at the institute through a volunteer-based animal-assisted therapy program, play a role in his recovery. "When I was hurting and thought I couldn't go on, I'd come to see these dogs." By giving them verbal commands, Buie relearned how to project
Palliative surgery
Authors: J. C. Gaisford
Journal: JAMA (1972)

Physicians speak glibly about palliative surgery without critical analysis as to whether it truly helps the patient. It is necessary to ascertain why there is such marked disparity in the evaluation of this extremely serious problem. Do physicians really know what palliation means? Do they take enough time to evaluate thoroughly the consequences of treating their patients who are dying of cancer? Do they meticulously weigh the factors that may offer some relief from the inevitable complications associated with dying? Palliation can be defined as reducing the severity of the patient's physical problem without curing him of his disease. Over the years, we have observed many poorly managed cancer problems—gastrostomy performed when the patient had no more than a few days to live, radiotherapy begun for hopeless cancer only because the cancer was visible and growing, chemicals given intra-arterially employed for nonresectable neoplasms which were causing no discomfort to a
Course of Lectures on Venereal Affections Delivered at the Hopital Du Midi, Paris
Authors: P. Ricord
Journal: BMJ (1843)

Cutaneous eruptions caused by copaiba -Farious modes of ex'hibiting copaiba-Formula-Cubebs-Treatment of the inflammatory stage of gonor- rhiea-General and local depletion-Objections to bleeding from the dorsal vein-Treatment of chordee-Use of injections-Treatment of gleet- Cauterisation-Pathology-Treatment of the com- plications of gonorrhoea -Abscess-Retention of 71rine-Hamorrhage-Incontinence of urine.GENTLEMEN-,-Under the inlfluence of cold damp weather, such as that of spring or autumn, the effects of copaiba on some persons are marked by the ap- pearance of rubeolic or exanthematous eruptions, and by the occurrence of urticaria, herpes, or eczema, in patients subject to one or other of those diseases.Such eruptions are daily confounded with secondary syphilis by those unacquainted with the various clia- racters which the latter may preseiit.It is with much surprise that I find a gentleman, who lias had so many opportunities for observation in this respect as Dr. Cazenave, state that copaiba produces roseola onzly iwhen constitutional syphilis previously exists.This error clearly arises from the preconceived notion cl- tertained by the suirgeon of Hopital St. Louis, of the constantly virulent nature of gonorrhcea.This is
SOME PRACTICAL LIMITATIONS OF THE GRUBER-WIDAL AGGLUTINATION TEST.
Journal: JAMA (1905)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Axillary hyperhidrosis.
Authors: P C Weaver
Journal: BMJ (1970)

<h3>Aim</h3> To determine if ‘Defocus Incorporated Multiple Segments’ (DIMS) spectacle lenses slow childhood myopia progression. <h3>Methods</h3> A 2-year double-masked randomised controlled trial was carried out in 183 Chinese children aged 8–13 years, with myopia between −1.00 and −5.00 D and astigmatism ≤1.50 D. Children were randomly assigned to wear DIMS (n=93) or single vision (SV) spectacle lenses (n=90). DIMS lens incorporated multiple segments with myopic defocus of +3.50 D. Refractive error (cycloplegic autorefraction) and axial length were measured at 6month intervals. <h3>Results</h3> 160 children completed the study, n=79 in the DIMS group and n=81 in the SV group. Average (SE) myopic progressions over 2 years were −0.41±0.06 D in the DIMS group and −0.85±0.08 D in the SV group. Mean (SE) axial elongation was 0.21±0.02 mm and 0.55±0.02 mm in the DIMS and SV groups, respectively. Myopia progressed 52% more slowly for children in the DIMS group compared with those in the SV group (mean difference −0.44±0.09 D, 95% CI −0.73 to −0.37, p&lt;0.0001). Likewise, children in the DIMS group had less axial elongation by 62% than those in the SV group (mean difference 0.34±0.04 mm, 95% CI 0.22 to 0.37, p&lt;0.0001). 21.5% children who wore DIMS lenses had no myopia progression over 2 years, but only 7.4% for those who wore SV lenses. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Daily wear of the DIMS lens significantly retarded myopia progression and axial elongation in myopic children. Our results demonstrated simultaneous clear vision with constant myopic defocus can slow myopia progression. <h3>Trial registration number</h3> NCT02206217.
Modern Surgical Technic in Its Relations and Wound Treatment.
Journal: JAMA (1907)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Highlights
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2019)

Intraperitoneal Mesh Implantation to Prevent Incisional Hernia 109Incisional hernia remains one of the most frequent complications after abdominal surgery.In an open-label randomized clinical trial of 169 patients undergoing elective open abdominal surgery, Kohler and colleagues assessed whether prophylactic mesh implantation prevents incisional hernia.The authors found that incisional hernia may be prevented by prophylactic mesh implantation.However, in case of surgical site infection, the wounds of patients with mesh implementations need more time to heal than those of patients without mesh implantations.
TV: Shipman
Authors: T. Jackson
Journal: BMJ (2002)

ITV1, 9 July at 9 pm Rating: ![Graphic][1]</img>![Graphic][2]</img>![Graphic][3]</img> It's a brave screenwriter who attempts to create a drama out of something as recent and horrific as the Shipman killings. The grief is too raw, the pain too acute. Such a screenwriter runs the risk of being accused of much more than just poor taste. Barely has the earth been allowed to settle over the last of the exhumed graves, the charge may go, before along comes some television crew, digging up fresh agony for the people of Hyde in Greater Manchester, the epicentre of Dr Fred's killing fields. How did he get away with it for so long? Why didn't somebody raise the alarm earlier? What was it actually like to be treated by someone like Harold Fred Shipman, one of the most notorious mass murderers of modern times, and perhaps the most inscrutable? How did he speak and behave towards his victims in the … [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif [2]: /embed/inline-graphic-2.gif [3]: /embed/inline-graphic-3.gif
Substitutes for Whole Milk
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Artificial Cardiac Pacemakers
Authors: Bernard Lown, Bernard D. Kosowsky
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1970)

Complications of PacingDespite nearly a decade of experience with temporary and permanent pacemaker systems, complications and failures are the rule rather than the exception. Complications can be divided into two major types: those related to the insertion of the pacemaking system or to its presence within the body; and those related to its improper function.Insertion or Presence of PacemakerInsertion of a pacemaker carries some surgical risk. The epicardial technic involves direct exposure of the heart, with the consequent complications expected in an elderly and often debilitated population. The overall postoperative mortality after epicardial electrode insertion from a . . .
THE NATURE OF ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATOID CONDITIONS
Journal: JAMA (1920)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Aerospace Pathology
Authors: David M. Spain
Journal: JAMA (1974)

The title misleads one into believing that this monograph contains at least some discussion of weightlessness and other environmental forces that human homeostatic mechanisms experience during space flight. This expectation is soon dispelled with the realization that<i>Aerospace Pathology</i>is the successor, a revised second edition, to what was formerly entitled<i>Medical Investigation of Aviation Accidents</i>originally published in 1968. The new edition accomplishes a broader approach than its predecessor. The subject matter, presented in concise and readable fashion, covers a wide range of topics. Among these are included all aspects of medical, legal, and autopsy investigation of aircraft accidents, injuries, and fatalities; problems of identification; the influence of preexisting disease, alcohol, and other factors, in the causation of aircraft accidents; and the use of the information obtained in furthering the prevention of fatal injuries or aircraft accidents. The role of coronary occlusion in pilots as a factor in aircraft
Cardiac Transplantation— 1982
Authors: Bruce A. Reitz
Journal: JAMA (1982)

IT HAS been 14 years since the first human cardiac transplantation was performed. Early widespread enthusiasm was inappropriate; disappointing results led to an equally inappropriate pessimistic view. In the intervening decade, consistent effort at a few medical centers has gradually produced the evolutionary development that characterizes most medical progress. The changes in cardiac transplantation include refinement in patient selection, diagnosis and management of acute cardiac rejection, and treatment of complications.<sup>1</sup>This has resulted in survival of close to 70% at one year and 50% at five years after transplantation at Stanford (Calif) Medical Center. These results give cardiac transplantation a definite role in the therapy of selected groups of patients who are terminally ill from cardiac disease. Recognition of this fact is reflected in the number of cardiac transplant procedures presently being performed, shown in Fig 1. The total number of cardiac transplantation procedures is again approaching 100 per
Erratum: Climate Change, Crop Yields, and Undernutrition: Development of a Model to Quantify the Impact of Climate Scenarios on Child Undernutrition
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2015)

Table 2 originally contained two incorrect values.In column 3 (α k ), -0.052 ± 0.021 has been corrected to 0.025 ± 0.013, and -0.013 ± 0.014 has been corrected to -0.052 ± 0.021.The HTML and PDF versions of the article reflect these changes.The results in the article were calculated using the correct values for the parameter estimates and remain unchanged.
Displaced mediastinum and heart murmur
Authors: T. E. Sumner
Journal: JAMA (1977)

<h3>History</h3> A 6-year-old boy had been referred at age 22 months for evaluation of a grade 2/6 systolic ejection murmur at the upper right sternal border. Cardiac catheterization showed mild pulmonic valvular stenosis, with main pulmonary artery pressure of 35/12 mm Hg and right ventricular pressure of 32/5 mm Hg. Cardiovascular history was negative for tachypnea, cyanosis, or squatting. <h3>Diagnosis</h3> Congenital absence of the left pulmonary artery. <h3>Comment</h3> The chest roentgenogram (Fig 1) shows the heart and mediastinal structures displaced into the smaller left hemithorax. The left hilum appears small, and pulmonary vascularity is slightly diminished on the affected side. Cardiac size is within normal limits, but a right-sided aortic arch is noted. Pulmonary angiography (Fig 2) illustrates absence of the left pulmonary artery. Aortic angiography (Fig 3) demonstrates a right-sided aortic arch with bronchial arterial collateral supply to the left lung. No additional cardiovascular anomalies were shown. Pulmonary vascular
Acceptabilité de 2 tests de dépistage du cancer colorectal: la douleur est un élément déterminant pour la sigmoïdoscopie
Journal: Endoscopy (2017)

En Europe, plusieurs modalités de dépistage du cancer colorectal (CCR) coexistent. Parmi elles, on distingue le test immunologique fécal (TIF) et la recto-sigmoïdoscopie (RS). Alors que toutes deux ont prouvé leur efficacité en termes de réduction de la mortalité par CCR, laquelle à la préférence des patients ?
Leads from the MMWR. Prevention and control of influenza: Part I, Vaccines
Journal: JAMA (1989)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal