tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
NEW DEVELOPMENTS IN KNOWLEDGE OF ENCEPHALITIS
Journal: JAMA (1941)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Acknowledgment
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Performance characteristics and results of a large-scale screening program for viral hepatitis and risk factors associated with exposure to viral hepatitis B and C: Results of the National Hepatitis Screening Surve
Authors: S Kaur
Journal: Hepatology (1996)

Chronic viral hepatitis frequently goes undetected until cirrhosis develops. Although the effect of interferon on the natural history of hepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in asymptomatic persons is unknown, treatment may modify the course of the infection, producing cures in some. In September 1992, screening for HBV and HCV was offered in 40 centers throughout the United States. Demographic features, potential risk factors, and symptoms were studied. Blood samples were obtained for the determination of serum alanine aminotransferase levels and for markers of HBV and HCV infection. Thirteen thousand nine hundred ninety seven subjects were screened. The prevalence of infection with HBV or HCV was 24.8% (HBV 17.8%; HCV 7.0%; and both 2.8%). Hepatitis B and C disease was present in 0.7% and 4.4% of the population, respectively. Risk factors for HBV and HCV infection were similar in: blood transfusions, hemodialysis, IV drug use, and sex with an IV drug user. For HBV infection, sex with multiple partners, increasing age, and birth in South East Asia or Africa were additional risk factors. The cost to find a case of HCV infection is less than the costs for finding many other treatable diseases. Screening for HBV, though more costly, is reasonably efficient, and simultaneous screening for HBV and HCV provides greater efficiency. It is practical to consider screening for HBV and HCV in the United States, particularly if any risk factor is present. Improved treatment strategies will make screening even more cost effective. (Hepatology 1996 Nov;24(5):979-86)
Abstract 1240: Sodium Channel Splice Variants Seen in Human Heart Failure Result in Dominant Negative Suppression of the Wild-Type Current
Authors: Lijuan L Shang, Shamarendra Sanyal, Samuel C Dudley
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Patients with heart failure have increased risk of death and reduced Na + channels. We have identified a possible mechanism whereby Na + channels are decreased in human heart failure. We have observed that heart failure is associated with increases of 14.2 fold and 3.8 fold in two (C and D) of three cardiac Na + channel mRNA splice variants. These variants encode for channels that are truncated before the domain IV pore-forming loop and are predicted to be non-functional. We tested this prediction by expressing the truncated forms in HEK cells. The truncated SCN5A cDNAs labeled either with IRES (internal ribosome entry site)-mediated GFP or fused GFP were transitively transfected into HEK cells or a HEK cell line stably expressing the native human SCN5A. HEK cell lines stably expressing the truncation variants were created by selection for three weeks with geneticin after transfection. Neither of the two truncations generated current when transfected alone. When transfected in a cell line stably expressing wild-type Na + channels, the presence of the truncations resulted in 54.6% (±8.5, p&lt;0.01, N=14) and 56.0% (±8.9, p&lt;0.01, N=10) reductions in peak current with the C and D variants respectively when compared to the wild-type alone. The reduction of wild-type current in the presence of the truncations showed variant dose-dependency when varying the amount of vector encoding for the splice variants. Laser fluorescent scanning for N-terminal GFP labeled Na + channels confirmed a reduced number of wild-type channels in the membrane in the presence of mRNA for the two truncations. In conclusion, truncated Na + channel mRNA splice variants are increased in human heart failure. These truncations have a dominant negative effect on the wild-type allele. This may help explain the reduced Na + current and increased arrhythmic risk in heart failure.
Measurement properties of the Patient‐Reported Outcomes Information System (PROMIS <sup>®</sup> ) Itch Questionnaire: itch severity assessments in adults with atopic dermatitis
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2020)

Itch is the most common and burdensome symptom of atopic dermatitis (AD, also simply known as eczema). However, there is limited data to support the validity of different approaches to measure the severity of itch in AD, such as numeric rating scales (NRS), verbal rating scales (VRS), and frequency of itch.
Measurement of total respiratory and nasal airflow resistance
Authors: L. J. Cass
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Studies on alveolar ventilation, gaseous diffusion, and the mechanical events of breathing have been extensively explored over the last two decades. Airway obstruction is the common cause of dyspnea of pulmonary origin. According to Gainsler and Lindgren,<sup>1</sup>obstruction may be at the bronchiolar level, and when it occurs intermittently due to increased tone of the bronchial musculature or edema of the bronchial mucosa or both, the picture is one of bronchial asthma. When the obstruction is more or less continuous, appears irreversible, and is associated with distal lung pathology, chronic obstructive emphysema is the most likely diagnosis. A number of tests have been developed to aid in the detection of defects in the mechanics of breathing. These basically involve measurement of expiratory and inspiratory air flow mechanisms. Quiet expiration is thought of as a passive act accomplished by potential energy stored in the elastic tissues of the lungs during
Trichloroacetic Acid Effects on Rat Liver Peroxisomes and Enzyme-Altered Foci
Authors: Michael J. Parnell, Loren D. Koller, Jerry H. Exon, Jeanene M. Arnzen
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1986)

The initiating and promoting effects of trichloroacetic acid (TCA) were investigated using a rat hepatic enzyme-altered foci bioassay. The experimental protocol used has been shown to induce gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT)-positive foci in hepatic tissue following an initiating dose with a genotoxic carcinogen. Twenty-four hours following 2/3 partial hepatectomy, rats received either a single oral dose (1500 mg/kg) or 5000 ppm TCA in drinking water for 10, 20, or 30 days. Two weeks after the end of TCA exposure, the rats were promoted for 3 or 6 months with 500 ppm phenobarbital in drinking water. TCA failed to induce GGT-positive foci using this initiation protocol. In addition, groups of 2/3 partially hepatectomized rats were initiated with a single oral dose of diethylnitrosamine (10 mg/kg) and then administered 50, 500, or 5000 ppm TCA drinking water. In this promotion protocol, TCA exposure resulted in a significant increase in the number of GGT-positive foci. The ability of TCA to stimulate peroxisomal-dependent palmitoyl-coenzyme A oxidation was also investigated. Only the 5000 ppm TCA treatment within the promotion protocol resulted in a significant, although minor, stimulation of peroxisomal enzyme activity. The findings support the hypothesis that TCA may possess weak promoting activity in the rat liver.
Mandatory screening for HIV antibody
Authors: O. H. Alvig
Journal: JAMA (1987)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The authors from The Hastings Center<sup>1</sup>put great emphasis on individual freedom, but ignore the public's right to be protected from the consequences of communicable disease. They would limit screening for the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) because "even such an ostensibly limited intervention [as screening] can have dramatic and deleterious consequences for individuals," and the results ought not to be considered when applying for health or life insurance so as to avoid economic burden to the public of providing health care benefits to those affected. This exquisite rationale is never applied to persons with diabetes, hypertension, cancer, or alcoholism when those poor individuals are denied employment or insurance. Mandatory screening of such individuals as applicants for marriage licenses should not be required, as marriage is central to an individual's freedom, say the authors. Why is AIDS different from syphilis, for which testing is required to protect
Melanoma thickness correlates with prognosis
Authors: V. S. Cowart
Journal: JAMA (1982)

A scoring system for melanoma may help physicians select which patients should undergo lymphadenectomy and adjuvant chemotherapy or immunotherapy. The system was outlined at the recent National Clinical Dermatology Conference in Chicago by Darrell Rigel, MD, chief resident in dermatology at New York University School of Medicine. The single most important prognostic factor appears to be thickness of the lesion, Rigel said, specifically a lesion measuring 4.75 mm or more from the stratum granulosum to the deepest point. Those patients with the thickest lesions died within two years of presentation. Since metastasis occurs early in melanoma, Rigel pointed out, thicker lesions are more likely to have metastasized. Although 430 factors that potentially affect prognosis of melanoma have been identified, Rigel's group looked only at 40 factors that previously had been shown to be associated with survival. More than 1,100 patients with melanoma were examined, but Rigel reported on only 533,
A Critique of the World Resources Institute's Report "Pesticides and the Immune System: The Public Health Risks"
Authors: John Acquavella, Carol Burns, Dennis Flaherty, Michael Holsapple, Ian Kimber, Gregory Ladics, Scott Loveless, Abraham Tobia
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1998)

A recent World Resources Institute (WRI) report concluded that pesticides are a likely cause of immune suppression for millions of people throughout the world. The gravity of this conclusion motivated us to review the scientific evidence cited in the report. The predominant human evidence came from cross-sectional studies conducted in the former Soviet Union.These studies were difficult to evaluate due to incomplete reporting and had obvious limitations in terms of subject selection, exposure assessment,lack of quality control, statistical analysis, adequacy of the comparison group, and confounding. The toxicologic evidence was comprised mainly of acute high-dose studies in which the exposure conditions resulted in systemic toxicity. The relevance of these studies to effects at typical human exposure levels is questionable. We did not find consistent, credible evidence to support the conclusion of widespread pesticide-related immune suppression. Nonetheless, the WRI report is an important document because it focuses attention on a potentially important issue for future research and brings a substantial literature of foreign language studies to the attention of Western scientists.
Deaths and Obituaries.
Journal: JAMA (1900)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Cover
Authors: M. Therese Southgate
Journal: JAMA (1985)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A little (body) fat may not hasten death
Authors: P. Gunby
Journal: JAMA (1980)

Another tradition—that of "desirable" weights and heights for different ages—is being challenged. Internationally known nutrition researcher Ancel Keys, PhD (whose efforts and surname initial are identified with the military "K" rations of World War II), stated his case at the Western Hemisphere Nutrition Congress VI in Los Angeles: "The fact is that the tables of `ideal' or `desirable' weight are armchair concoctions starting with questionable assumptions and ending with three sets of standards for [small, medium, or large] `frame` types that never have been measured or even defined. Unfortunately, those tables have been reprinted by the thousands and are widely accepted as gospel." Robert N. Butler, MD, director of the National Institute on Aging (NIA), Bethesda, Md, had this to say: "An analysis of data from NIA's Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging and other sources has raised questions about desirable body weights for middle-aged and elderly adults. The NIA clinical
Phase II study of liposomal daunorubicin and ifosfamide (IDx) as first line chemotherapy in soft tissue sarcoma
Authors: P. M. Deckert, J. M. Siehl, E. Thiel, A. Schmittel, G. Hütter, H. Szelényi, U. Keilholz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

9011
Center provides approach to major social ill: homeless urban runaways, 'throwaways'
Authors: R. C. Hermann
Journal: JAMA (1988)

DISENGAGED from traditional social networks, urban homeless youth present a special challenge to health and social welfare workers seeking to educate adolescents about acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Runaways and "throwaways" (abandoned youths) are far more likely than other adolescents to adopt high-risk behaviors for contracting human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Yet this group is cut off from current educational campaigns on television, in classrooms, and through mass mailings that explain how HIV is transmitted and what actions may protect against infection. One group addressing this critical educational gap is San Francisco's Larkin Street Youth Center, which administers an AIDS outreach program for homeless adolescents. At a recent meeting of educators and health care professionals at the American Medical Association's National Congress on Adolescent Health in Chicago, Larkin Street was highlighted among adolescent health programs nationwide. To date, 270 of 64 506 reported cases of AIDS in the United States involve
National health care reform. An aura of inevitability is upon us
Authors: G. D. Lundberg
Journal: JAMA (1991)

"With malice toward none; with charity for all...." So spoke Abraham Lincoln in his second Inaugural Address, recognizing that he had no political consensus regarding either the constitutionality of states' seceding or the morality of slavery's being abolished. Nonetheless, he knew what was right and was able, through persuasive, often inspiring rhetoric, to conclude a bloody and divisive civil war and constitute the foundation for this great democracy. Yet, access to basic medical care for all of our inhabitants is still not a reality in this country. There are many reasons for this, not the least of which is long-standing, systematic, institutionalized racial discrimination. The major studies of health care maldistribution reinforce this statement with hard data, especially with regard to blacks and Hispanics.<sup>1,2</sup>It is not a coincidence that the United States of America and the Republic of South Africa—the only two developed, industrialized countries that do not
Spontaneous Hyphema
Authors: Raja Sabbagh
Journal: JAMA (1991)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Caffeine Use During Pregnancy: How Much Is Safe?
Authors: Michael B. Bracken
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —The reassuring conclusions of the recent, much publicized article<sup>1</sup>on caffeine consumption and fetal growth appear to be misleading. While the ascertainment of caffeine consumption at multiple times during pregnancy was a great strength of the study, the results were based on only 352 live births in a select population of women who volunteered for the study, and therefore may not have been representative of the general population of pregnant women, as was noted by the authors. The population was highly educated (70% had at least a bachelor's degree and 41% had at least some graduate school) and only 10% were smokers. More importantly, the amount of caffeine consumed by this population was very low; 62% consumed less than 100 mg/d on average throughout pregnancy. No previous study has found effects of caffeine on fetal growth at these low levels; however, 10 of 13 studies have
Correction: Loss of Histone H4K20 Trimethylation Occurs in Preneoplasia and Influences Prognosis of Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Arnaud Van Den Broeck, Elisabeth Brambilla, Denis Moro-Sibilot, Sylvie Lantuejoul, Christian Brambilla, Beatrice Eymin, Sylvie Gazzeri
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2020)

In the original version of this article (1), Saadi Khochbin was mistakenly included in the author list. This error has been corrected in the latest PDF version of the article at the request of Saadi Khochbin and with the agreement of all the authors. The authors regret this error.