tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Technique du Traitement des Tumeurs Blanches.
Journal: JAMA (1906)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Confidentiality and the police: guidelines in Scotland
Journal: BMJ (1982)

During the past two years the BMA and the Association of Chief Police Officers (Scotland) have been discussing problems of confidentiality, and guidelines have now been agreed.These are summarised here.Copies of the guidelines may be obtained from the BMA Scottish Office (7 Drumsheugh Gardens, Edinburgh EH3 7QP).Although doctors in general wish to co- operate with the police, they must be sure that any information divulged in confidence to the police will not be used in court, unless they are aware at the time of interview that information might be so used.The profession is aware, however, of the difficulty that, when informa- tion is requested, a decision on legal action may not have been taken and the police officer may not be able to give an unequivocal answer as to whether or not confidential material might be used in court.It is suggested that the following arrange- ments might apply.
Stimulus-Transcription Coupling In The Nervous System: Involvement Of The Inducible Proto-oncogenes fos And jun
Authors: J. Morgan
Journal: Annual Review of Neuroscience (1991)

The brain's default mode network consists of discrete, bilateral and symmetrical cortical areas, in the medial and lateral parietal, medial prefrontal, and medial and lateral temporal cortices of the human, nonhuman primate, cat, and rodent brains. Its ...Read More
Glucagon for propranolol overdose
Authors: R. C. Smith
Journal: JAMA (1985)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I was both intrigued and disappointed by the title of the recent article by Bloom et al<sup>1</sup>—"The Epidemiology of Disease Expenses." The word "epidemiology" appeared only once in the whole article, namely, in its title. I suggest that neither the tenor nor the content of the paper is accurately reflected in that title. Although a large number of definitions of "epidemiology" are extant, as has been summarized by Lilienfeld,<sup>2</sup>none of them would support the implicit construction put on the word "epidemiology" by Bloom et al. It may be of interest that the most recent dictionary definition by Last<sup>3</sup>is "the study of the distribution and determinants of health-related states and events in populations, and the application of this study to control of health problems." I would hope that your journal might in future consider not lending its prestige and influence in promoting
Assessing the effectiveness of community screening programs
Authors: D. Cadman
Journal: JAMA (1984)

Community screening programs seek to detect disorders or risk factors in seemingly healthy persons. The following seven guidelines for determining whether a screening program is likely to be effective are proposed and discussed: (1) Has the effectiveness of the program been demonstrated in a randomized trial? (2) Are efficacious treatments available? (3) Does the burden of suffering warrant screening? (4) Is there a good screening test? (5) Does the program reach those who could benefit? (6) Can the health system cope with the program? (7) Do persons with positive screenings comply with advice and interventions? (<i>JAMA</i>1984;251:1580-1585)
Sustained gallbladder stasis promotes cholesterol gallstone formation in the ground squirrel
Authors: Q Xu
Journal: Hepatology (1997)

Although gallbladder stasis exists in most patients with cholesterol gallstones, it is unknown whether stasis is a causative factor of gallstone disease or merely a consequence of it. We studied the impact of sustained gallbladder stasis induced by a cholecystokinin (CCK)-A receptor antagonist (MK-329) on gallstone formation in ground squirrels fed either a trace or a high-cholesterol diet. MK-329 markedly inhibited gallbladder contraction in vitro in response to CCK (at EC100, control: 3.6 ± 0.5 vs. MK-329: 1.1 ± 0.3 g; P < .05) and increased gallbladder fasting volume in vivo (control: 462 ± 66 vs. MK-329: 1,004 ± 121 µL P < .05). Whereas the high-cholesterol diet alone (1%-cholesterol diet + placebo) increased the cholesterol saturation index (CSI) in control animals (trace-cholesterol diet + placebo), MK-329 significantly (P < .05) decreased the CSI in both hepatic and gallbladder bile in animals on the trace-(trace-cholesterol diet + MK-329) as well as on the high-cholesterol diets (1%-cholesterol diet + MK-329). The mucin content of the mucus layer on the epithelial surface of the gallbladder wall more than doubled (P < .05) with the high-cholesterol diet; adding MK-329 to the latter group produced a further 82% increase (P < .05). The cholesterol diet + MK-329 group had the highest (100%) incidence of cholesterol crystals that were evident in fresh gallbladder bile, coincident with a shortened nucleation time (2.5 ± 0.6 days; P < .05 vs. the cholesterol diet + placebo group, 5.8 ± 1.0 days or the other 2 groups, >21 days). Bile from animals on the trace-cholesterol diet, whether or not receiving MK-329, lacked crystals in bile and exhibited a normal nucleation time (>21 days). Thus, stasis per se may lower the CSI, but its detrimental effect on the gallbladder predominates locally, and so accelerates cholesterol crystal formation in this model.
Patient Privacy and Secondary Use of Administrative Databases
Authors: Charles Lucey
Journal: JAMA (1996)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —We commend Mr Gostin<sup>1</sup>for highlighting current issues and controversies regarding the acquisition, storage, and use of existing public health data. However, Gostin did not explicitly address how these state and federal statutes relate to the "secondary" use of administrative claims data such as Medicare data (Part A and B) and State Medicaid Management Information Systems databases, Veterans Affairs data, state repositories of data (Tumor Registry databases, Sudden Infant Death Syndrome database, and others), pharmaceutical databases, laboratory databases, and others. As of April 1996, a total of 38 states mandated the collection, analysis, and public dissemination of data from health care providers.<sup>2</sup>These data contain potentially vast amounts of useful information for public health purposes on populations considered to be vulnerable. For example, to examine health status of nursing home residents, cost issues, quality of care concerns (eg, pressure ulcers, methicillin-resistant<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, or nosocomial
AFRICA
Journal: JAMA (1961)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Preparation, sedation, and monitoring
Authors: J.-M. Dumonceau, A. Riphaus, T. Wehrmann
Journal: Endoscopy (2012)

Suboptimal bowel cleansing reduces (i) the speed of colonoscopy, (ii) the cecal intubation rate, and (iii) the number of polyps detected [2]. It also increases costs, mostly due to repeated procedures. These problems are a source of frustration for both the patient and the endoscopist on a daily basis, as excellent bowel preparation is obtained in only 30 % – 40 % of patients [3]. The quality of bowel cleansing has remained suboptimal even though numerous different products and regimens have been tested and compared in no fewer than six meta-analyses. Therefore, a completely different approach to improve precolonoscopy bowel cleansing is welcome.
Intermediate-Term Clinical Outcome Following Transmyocardial Laser Revascularization in Patients With Refractory Angina Pectoris
Authors: Carolyn K. Landolfo, Kevin P. Landolfo, G. Chad Hughes, Edward R. Coleman, Robin B. Coleman, James E. Lowe
Journal: Circulation (1999)

Background —This study was conducted to examine the intermediate-term clinical outcomes in patients with refractory angina pectoris treated with transmyocardial laser revascularization (TMR) at our institution. TMR is an alternative surgical technique for the treatment of myocardial ischemia and angina pectoris not amenable to conventional percutaneous or surgical revascularization. Limited data exist evaluating the natural history and duration of clinical improvement in angina pectoris following TMR. Methods and Results —Thirty-four patients with severe coronary artery disease unsuitable for treatment with standard revascularization techniques underwent TMR in myocardial regions determined to be ischemic by preoperative SPECT 201 Tl perfusion imaging following dipyridamole stress. Patients were assessed postoperatively at 3, 6, and 12 months for clinical outcomes including death, myocardial infarction, functional class of angina pectoris, and hospitalizations for unstable angina. Myocardial perfusion imaging by 201 Tl scintigraphy was also assessed at these temporal end points. Overall mortality at 1 year was 14.7% (n=5). Nonfatal myocardial infarction occurred in 3 patients (8.8%). Among the patients with complete 12-month follow-up (n =27), mean anginal class improved from 3.5±0.5 pre-TMR to 2.8±0.7 and 2.5±0.7 at 3 and 6 months, respectively, and 2.8±0.9 at 12 months. Overall improvement in angina pectoris was sustained at 1 year by at least one functional class in 50% of patients. Mean hospitalizations per year for unstable angina declined from 2.4±1.6 pre-TMR to 1.7±2.0 post-TMR ( P =0.01). There was no significant improvement in perfusion by SPECT 201 Tl imaging at any temporal end point post-TMR. Conclusions —Despite the lack of demonstrable improvement in perfusion by SPECT 201 Tl imaging, TMR improved the functional class of angina pectoris in patients with end stage coronary artery disease to a modest degree. Although the maximal benefit in symptoms occurred at 6 months post-TMR, mild sustained clinical improvement above baseline was evident in 50% of patients at 1 year.
Brief Reports Presented In Chicago
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
WILLIAM H. WELCH (1850-1934) DEAN AMONG THE HOPKINS FOUR
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Reducing length of stay in patients following a liver transplant
Authors: Abdulrhman Alamr, Karim Qumosani, Anouar Teriaky, Anton Skaro Skaro, Kelly Thomas Thomas, Sandy Williams Williams, Lynne Sinclair Sinclair, Corinne Weernink Weernink, Peggy Kittmer Kittmer, Melanie Dodds Dodds, Sanjay Patel Patel, Mayur Brahmania Brahmania
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2020)
Long-term outcome of hepatitis C in children
Authors: Alessandro Zanetti, Maria Antonietta Casiraghi
Journal: Hepatology (2004)

We appreciate the letter of Bortolotti et al. and the update on their results regarding the prognosis of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection acquired in childhood, either through transfusion or by the vertical/perinatal route. We agree that hepatitis C is not always an innocuous disease in childhood, and that cirrhosis and extensive fibrosis may occur in some children even in the absence of comorbidities.1, 2 The authors indicate that liver disease may be more severe and progressive in children with liver/kidney microsomal antibody type 1 autoantibodies compared to those without serological markers of autoimmunity.3 In addition, they suggest that maternal coinfection with human immunodeficiency virus and HCV, as well as maternal drug use, both independent risk factors for vertical transmission,4 might have a role in worsening the outcome of HCV infection acquired perinatally. Our data concern the long-term outcome (35 years) of HCV infection in a unique cohort of individuals who acquired HCV through mini blood transfusions derived from an HCV-infected donor.5 All recipients were infected with the same virus genotype (1b), at the same time (shortly after birth) and with the same volume of infectious blood (21–30 mL), and were specifically traced through the clinical files of the hospital in which they were born. None of our HCV-infected individuals were liver/kidney microsomal antibody type 1 -positive and none had comorbid conditions such as hepatitis B virus or human immunodeficiency infection, or alcohol intake (>50 g per day). Moreover, none of the individuals enrolled in this study were aware of having been transfused and infected during the first weeks of life, and only one (who was a drug user) had additional risk factors for HCV infection. Therefore, it would seem that the differences in the outcome of HCV infection acquired in childhood, observed in our and other studies, may be due to differences in the population examined. Taking into account the above findings, one could expect subgroups of children (i.e., those born to HCV-carrier mothers who are coinfected with human immunodeficiency virus and/or are drug users, and those with autoimmune abnormalities) who are at increased risk of developing severe liver disease and even cirrhosis early in life. However, the role of these determinants in heralding a more aggressive outcome in HCV-positive children requires further investigation. Finally, we fully agree with our colleagues that the apparent benign course of HCV infection seen in most children does not imply that treatment should be delayed or even unwarranted in childhood, and that the research of novel, well-tolerated, and effective therapeutic strategies should remain a priority. Alessandro Zanetti*, Maria Antonietta Casiraghi , * Institute of Virology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy, Liver Unit—Department of Medicine, Hospital of Legnano, Milan, Italy.
Herpesvirus antibody and carcinoma in situ of the cervix
Authors: L. W. Catalano
Journal: JAMA (1971)

<i>Herpesvirus hominis</i>type 2 antibodies were present in 35.7% of patients who subsequently developed carcinoma in situ of the cervix, whereas type 2 antibodies were present in 7.1% of matched controls who did not develop carcinoma in situ during the same period of observation. Type 2 antibodies were present in a significantly greater percent of patients with carcinoma in situ (42.0) than matched controls (17.7). After cervical conization and presumptive cure of carcinoma in situ, however, type 2 antibodies were present in a smaller percent of patients (9.1) than matched controls (31.8). The data suggests that previous herpesvirus type 2 infection is associated not only with the precursory stages of invasive cancer, but also precedes the earliest intraepithelial changes which develop into carcinoma in situ.
Pulmonary Thromboembolism—Update
Authors: Manuel Viamonte
Journal: JAMA (1980)

PULMONARY thromboembolism (PTE) is a common, frequently misdiagnosed, potentially fatal occurrence.<sup>1,2</sup>Its protean clinical and radiological manifestations depend on the location, extent, and acuteness of the disease, the status of the underlying lung, and the adequacy and promptness of its resolution. The workup of acute pulmonary thromboembolism is outlined in Fig 1. <h3>Suggestive Abnormalities</h3><h3>Clinical History.—</h3> PTE may be observed in patients with recent surgery, trauma, phlebitis, congestive heart failure, atrial fibrillation, previous PTE, oral contraceptives, malignant neoplasms, prolonged bed rest, respiratory failure, postpartum state, and pancreatitis. A known cause may not exist. <h3>Symptoms.—</h3> Tachypnea, retrosternal or pleuritic chest pain, hemoptysis, cough, or syncope are nonspecific and may be present or absent, singly or in combination. Symptoms from preceding or complicating pulmonary disease, cardiac disease, or both may overlap.<sup>3</sup> <h3>Physical Findings.—</h3> Tachycardia, auscultatory abnormalities (particularly a wide split of expiratory second pulmonic sound), pleural friction rub, signs of
Reply
Authors: M Quatrini, G Basilisco, P A Bianchi
Journal: Gut (1985)

<b>Background:</b> Standard UK practice for investigation of patients presenting with haemoptysis is to perform thoracic CT and bronchoscopy. However, as modern CT scanners become increasingly sensitive more evidence is needed to determine whether bronchoscopy provides useful additional diagnostic information when a patient has had a normal CT scan. <b>Methods:</b> Retrospective analysis of all patients undergoing bronchoscopy for investigation of haemoptysis in a single centre over a six month period (n=52). CTs were performed on helical 64-slice scanners and reported by specialist thoracic radiologists. CT findings were classified as normal, abnormal without evidence of malignancy (e.g. bronchiectasis or emphysema), or probable cancer. <b>Results:</b> CT findings were normal in 19 (37%) patients. 21 (40%) had an abnormal CT without clear malignancy. 12 (23%) had CT findings of probable cancer. No patient with a normal CT had any suspicious bronchoscopic findings. 2 (9%) patients in the abnormal CT group (n=21) had abnormal bronchoscopy and were diagnosed with malignancy. 4 (7.6%) patients undergoing bronchoscopy were referred to ENT due to abnormal bronchoscopic findings in the upper airway. Of these 1 was diagnosed with tonsillar carcinoma. <b>Conclusion:</b> Bronchoscopy remains an important investigation in patients presenting with haemoptysis and an abnormal CT scan. However with modern CT technology combined with specialist reporting, a normal scan may be sufficient to exclude thoracic malignancy, without the need for bronchoscopy. Upper airway abnormalities were seen in patients presenting with haemoptysis; ENT examination should therefore be considered if CT scan is normal.
Radiation
Authors: D. J. Rothman
Journal: JAMA (1996)

Radiation <b>The Human Radiation Experiments: Final Report of the President's Advisory Committee</b>, by Ruth R. Faden, chair, and Kenneth R. Feinberg, Eli Glatstein, and Jay Katz, et al, 620 pp, $39.95, ISBN 0-19-510792-6, New York, NY, Oxford University Press, 1996. (This is the same report as above; it also includes an index.) <b>Executive Summary of Final Report of the Advisory Committee on Human Radiation Experiments</b>, Ruth R. Faden, chair, 38 pp, paper, $2.75, stock No. 061-000-00849-7, Washington, DC, US Government Printing Office, 1995 (telephone orders: Superintendent of Documents, US Government Printing Office, 202-512-1800, fax 202-512-2250; mail orders: US Government Printing Office, PO Box 371954, Pittsburgh, PA 15250-7954). When the Advisory Committee on Human Radiation Experiments was created by President Clinton in January 1994, commentators posed three critical questions. First, was there sufficient surviving documentary evidence to enable the committee to analyze the radiation research conducted in the United States between