tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Professional Standards Review Organizations. A critique
Authors: S. M. Davidson
Journal: JAMA (1973)

Certain weaknesses in the evaluation methods utilized by the authors of "Professional Standards Review Organizations" undermine the validity of the program effectiveness results cited by them to the extent that program success has not been demonstrated. These weaknesses are grouped into three categories: (1) failure to account for causal factors other than the Hospital Admission and Surveillance Program (HASP), (2) weaknesses in the HASP evaluation time period selection, and (3) weaknesses in the measurement criteria.
Analgesic-Associated Nephropathy: An Underrecognized But Preventable Renal Disorder
Journal: JAMA (1981)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Beneficial effects of a phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor (Sildenafil) on exercise, neurohormonal activation, and erectile dysfunction in patients with congestive heart failure-$alpha; double-blind placebo-controlled cross-over randomized study Edimar A. Bocchi, Guilherme Guimar�es, Giovanni Bellotti, Jose A. F. Ramires. Heart Institute of S�o Paulo University Medical School, S�o Paulo, Brazil
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
PTU-074 Infection and history of infection are independent of meld for prognosis in cirrhosis
Authors: A Tsami, E Tsochatzis, V Arvaniti, M Garcovich, G Isgro, J O'Beirne, A Burroughs
Journal: Gut (2010)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Bacterial infections are common in cirrhosis and have significant mortality. MELD excludes complications as adding to prognosis in cirrhosis. We evaluated patients with cirrhosis plus/minus infection to assess if infection added prognostic information to MELD. <h3>Methods</h3> Consecutive cirrhotics with first admission to hospital between 2007 and 2009. MELD scores (and other parameters) were collected at baseline. Infection was defined as positive bacterial culture at admission or during first hospitalisation. Possible infection was defined as patients receiving antibiotics during first hospitalisation. Mortality at 3 and 12 months was evaluated by multiple logistic regression using MELD parameters and infection/possible infection. <h3>Results</h3> 334 cirrhotics, 222 males (66.5%), mean age 53.8±11.6 years. Infection was present in 78 (23.4%) and possible infection in 179 (54%). There were 36 deaths in 3 months and 48 in 12 months. Mean Child-Pugh and MELD scores were 8.6±2.5 and 16.2±6.9, respectively. 1-year mortality was independently associated with proven infection (OR 4.26, 95% CI 1.98 to 8.91, p&lt;0.001), bilirubin (OR 1.003 P=0.038) and INR (OR 2.11, p=0.04). 3-month mortality was independently associated with proven infection (OR 4.92, 95% CI 2.23 to 10.86, p&lt;0.001) and INR (OR 2.39, CI 95%, p=0.01). Suspected infection was independently associated with both 1-year (OR 2.83, 95% CI 1.21 to 6.60, p=0.02) and 3-month mortality (OR 4.89, 95% CI 1.61 to 14.84, p=0.005). When patients who died within 1 month (n=19, dying due to infection/other causes) were excluded to assess if the history of infection (once treated) still added to prognosis, one year mortality was independently associated with proven infection (OR 2.66, 95% CI 1.09 to 6.47, p=0.03) and creatinine (OR 1.007, p=0.03). When analysis was repeated with suspected infection, then it was marginally associated to 1-year survival (P=0.054). <h3>Conclusion</h3> Infection adds to MELD for prognosis at 3 and 12 months in cirrhotics admitted to hospital. Recovery from treated infection still confers independent prognostic value to MELD so that MELD is not independent of infection for prognosis in cirrhosis. The influence of other complications on MELD need revisiting.
Principles of Cardiac Arrhythmias
Authors: David H. Spodick
Journal: JAMA (1978)

Since the first edition of this book (<i>JAMA</i>218:1948, 1971), investigative procedures have become components of clinical electrocardiography. Dr Chung's new edition has ably encompassed these advances. His's bundle electrography and Holter monitoring have been added to an updating of every standard aspect of electrocardiography. A new chapter deals with the hemiblocks and bifascicular and trifascicular blocks and their importance in patients with atrioventricular conduction problems and indications for electronic pacemakers. The expanded chapters on Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome and the excellent section on arrhythmia management and digitalis similarly reflect the latest research. For the clinician adequate attention is given to basic mechanisms explaining rhythm and conduction disturbances. A few minor criticisms do not materially detract from a splendid volume that continues in the tradition of Dr Chung's many contributions.
PERITONEAL SUPPORTS—(LIGAMENTUM PERITONEI).
Authors: BYRON ROBINSON
Journal: JAMA (1895)

The splenic artery perhaps throws more light on the disposition of the mesogaster than do the gastric and hepatic arteries. The splenic artery arises from the celiac axis and passes at first, slightly downward and then toward the left along the upper border of the pancreas. It is a large spiral artery, but does not project the peritoneum into a very prominent fold, yet the outline of the fold is especially prominent in those animals in which the omentum and transverse colon do not have contact relations, especially at the left end. The prominent feature of the splenic artery in regard to the mesogaster is that the artery in its course lies to the left of the right blade of the mesogaster until it suddenly turns upward to gain access to the space between the blades of the ligamentum gastro-lienalis, but the other equally important feature is that the splenic
A comparative effectiveness analysis of single-agent cytotoxics in triple-negative metastatic breast cancer (TN-MBC) patients.
Authors: George Dranitsaris, Hope S. Rugo, Stefan Gluck, David Cox, Claudio Faria
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

e17648 Background: There has been considerable progress in the treatment of MBC. However, the identification of optimal cytotoxic agents in patients with TN-MBC (negative for hormone receptors, ER/PR and HER-2) remains a therapeutic challenge. In this study, a comparative effectiveness analysis of four cytotoxic agents was conducted in patients with TN-MBC. Methods: We retrospectively identified 225 patients treated with single agent eribulin (E=47), capecitabine (C=69), gemcitabine (G=56) or vinorelbine (V=53) in 19 community oncology clinics across the U.S. Data collection included baseline patient and disease characteristics, prior therapies, performance status, duration of current therapy and dose limiting toxicities. Time to treatment failure (TTF) was measured from the first cycle of chemotherapy until disease progression, discontinuation due to toxicity, or death. TTF was then estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazard modeling adjusted for clustering on the practice site. To control for selection bias that is inherent in observational studies, a propensity score weighted TTF analysis was also conducted. Results: Patients were comparable with respect to age, performance status, duration of disease free survival, presence of comorbidities and hemoglobin level prior to the start of chemotherapy. However, the median lines of therapy for use of C, G, V and E were second, third, third, and fourth, respectively. The median duration of treatment was approximately 2 months with C, G and E compared to 1.6 months with V. Using eribulin as the reference and adjusting for line of therapy, the propensity score weighted Cox regression analysis did not identify statistically significant differences in TTF: C vs. E: HR = 1.15 (0.75 to 1.76), G vs. E: HR = 0.62 (0.34 to 1.13), V vs. E: HR = 1.0 (0.60 to 1.37). Conclusions: In patients with TN-MBC treated in a community oncology setting, eribulin was utilized in later lines than other agents. However, eribulin demonstrated at least comparable drug activity even when used in more heavily pretreated disease relative to other agents. These findings warrant further analyses in a larger population with evaluation of biologic heterogeneity.
Vitamin E suppresses lipocyte activation in chronic iron overload Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Dept. of Internal Medicine, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

In the liver of humans, guinea pigs, cats, and tupaia, nerve endings are distributed all over the hepatic lobules from the portal spaces to the centralobular spaces. Nerve endings in the intralobular spaces are located mainly in the space of Disse, and are closely related to lipocytes. In the human liver, various neurotransmitters such as substance P (SP) exist in the nerve endings. Lipocytes are believed to contract through these substances. In fact, the contraction of lipocytes is induced by SP. Moreover, lipocytes possess endothelin (ET) receptors (ETA, ETB), and the cells are contracted by ET-1 by way of ET receptors in the autocrine or paracrine mechanism. Contraction of lipocytes seems to be related to the enhancement of the intracellular Ca2+ and inositol phosphates. In addition, α-smooth muscle actin, which is a contractile protein, exists in the cytoplasm of lipocytes. Lipocyte contractility may be similar to that of vascular smooth muscle cells. On the other hand, prostaglandin E2, Iloprost, and adrenomedullin cause the elevation of c-AMP levels in lipocytes and relax the cells. In addition, lipocytes produce nitric oxide (NO) and inhibit contractility by an autocrine mechanism related to NO. In this way, lipocytes appear to be associated with the regulation of hepatic sinusoidal microcirculation by contraction and relaxation. In the cirrhotic liver, intralobular innervation is decreased or absent, but ET-1 and NO are overexpressed. These phenomena indicate that lipocytes may play an important role in the sinusoidal microcirculation through these agents rather than through intralobular innervation in liver cirrhosis.
International Symposium on the Development of Nuclear-Based Techniques for the Measurement, Detection, and Control of Environmental Pollutants
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1975)

Journal Article International Symposium on the Development of Nuclear-Based Techniques for the Measurement, Detection, and Control of Environmental Pollutants Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 55, Issue 3, September 1975, Page 738, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/55.3.738-b Published: 01 September 1975
Eosinophil Infiltration in the Pancreas of Infants of Diabetic Mothers: Clinicopathologic Study
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Correctable Visual Impairment Among Persons With Diabetes—United States, 1999-2004
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Persons with diabetes are more likely to be visually impaired than persons without the disease. In 2005, CDC estimated that 14.6 million persons in the United States had diagnosed diabetes and an additional 6.2 million had undiagnosed diabetes. Despite the importance of detecting and treating vision problems caused by refractive errors (i.e., correctable visual impairment [CVI]), a limited number of studies have attempted to determine the proportion of persons with diabetes whose poor vision could be corrected with accurately prescribed glasses or contact lenses. To estimate that proportion, CDC analyzed 1999-2004 data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). This report describes the results of that analysis, which indicated that among U.S. adults aged > or =20 years with diabetes, 11.0% had visual impairment (i.e., presenting visual acuity worse than 20/40 in their better-seeing eye while wearing glasses or contact lenses, if applicable) and approximately 65.5% of these cases of visual impairment were correctable. Health-care providers and persons with diabetes should be more aware that poor vision often is correctable and that visual corrections can reduce the risk for injury and improve the quality of life for persons with diabetes.
Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation for ARDS Due to 2009 Influenza A(H1N1)
Authors: Sven Laudi
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
PSYCHOLOGIC STUDY OF THE THREE PROFESSIONS.
Journal: JAMA (1897)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Norwegian scabies in a renal transplant patient
Authors: E. Youshock
Journal: JAMA (1981)

A 23-year-old renal transplant patient was seen for a ten-month history of mildly pruritic hyperkeratotic skin lesions. Norwegian scabies was suspected and proved to be present by a potassium hydroxide preparation of skin scrapings. With the current widespread use of immunosuppressive agents, physicians should be aware of the increased incidence of this entity. (<i>JAMA</i>1981;246:2608-2609)
&lt;TITLE&gt;Panic Disorder&lt;/TITLE&gt;
Journal: JAMA (2000)

public service of JAMA and the AMA.The information and recommendations appearing on this page are appropriate in most instances, but they are not a substitute for medical diagnosis.For specific information concerning your personal medical condition, JAMA and the AMA suggest that you consult your physician.This page may be reproduced noncommercially by physicians and other health care professionals to share with patients.Any other reproduction is subject to AMA approval.
Effects of Electromagnetic Fields on Photophasic Circulating Melatonin Levels in American Kestrels
Authors: Kimberly Jan Fernie, David Michael Bird, Denis Petitclerc
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1999)

Birds reproduce within electromagnetic fields (EMFs) from transmission lines. Melatonin influences physiologic and behavioral processes that are critical to survival, and melatonin has been equivocally suppressed by EMFs in mammalian species. We examined whether EMFs affect photophasic plasma melatonin in reproducing adult and fledgling American kestrels (Falco sparverius), and whether melatonin was correlated with body mass to explain previously reported results. Captive kestrel pairs were bred under control or EMF conditions for one (short-term) or two (long-term) breeding seasons. EMF exposure had an overall effect on plasma melatonin in male kestrels, with plasma levels suppressed at 42 days and elevated at 70 days of EMF exposure. The similarity in melatonin levels between EMF males at 42 days and controls at 70 days suggests a seasonal phase-shift of the melatonin profile caused by EMF exposure. Melatonin was also suppressed in long-term fledglings, but not in short-term fledglings or adult females. Melatonin levels in adult males were higher than in adult females, possibly explaining the sexually dimorphic response to EMFs. Melatonin and body mass were not associated in American kestrels. It is likely that the results are relevant to wild raptors nesting within EMFs.
Mycotic Infections in Leukemic Patients at Autopsy
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Surgery of Modern Warfare
Journal: JAMA (1942)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Improvement in brain oxygenation and clinical improvement in patients with strokes treated with papaverine hydrochloride
Authors: J. S. Meyer
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Intravenous injection of papaverine hydrochloride in doses of 64 mg was found to increase the oxygen available to the brain in subjects suffering from acute stroke (cerebral thromboembolism) proven by arteriography. This was established by continuous measurement of cerebral arteriovenous differences for oxygen pressure and saturation. Both the latter showed significant increases. Cerebral venous carbon dioxide pressure (Pco<sub>2</sub>) decreased and cerebral venous pH increased significantly. Analysis of cerebral arteriovenous differences indicated that the increase in oxygen available to the brain was due to increased cerebral blood flow despite some decrease in arterial Pco<sub>2</sub>due to hyperventilation. The increase in cerebral blood flow occurred even in the presence of high Pco<sub>2</sub>values and was greater in older subjects than in younger subjects. Clinical evaluation of two groups of subjects with acute stroke (proven by arteriography) who were selected for treatment in a random manner indicated that the group of subjects who underwent treatment with papaverine improved more than those that did not receive this drug (0.01 &lt;P&lt;0.05).