tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Comparison of the Toxic Effects of Hydrogen Peroxide and Ozone on Cultured Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells
Authors: Edward W. Gabrielson, Xiao-Ying Yu, E. William Spannhake
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1994)

In this study, we compared the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of hydrogen peroxide and ozone on cultured human airway epithelial cells in primary culture. Both agents caused a dose-dependent loss in the replicative ability of epithelial cells and at higher levels of exposure caused acute cytotoxicity as measured by release of lactate dehydrogenase. Differences were seen, however, between the agents' effects with regard to induction of DNA single strand breaks as measured by alkaline elution:; whereas single-strand breaks were detected in significant amounts at concentration of hydrogen peroxide that cause acute cytotoxicity, none were detected at any of the levels of ozone exposure examined. A difference was also seen in the ability of the iron chelator deferoxamine to protect cells from the effect of the two oxidants. Preincubation of cultures with deferoxamine appreciably attenuated the toxicity of hydrogen peroxide but not of ozone. These data suggest that ozone has significant toxic effects on bronchial epithelial cells not mediated through the generation of hydrogen peroxide or hydroxyl radical. Furthermore, the data indicate that the inhibiting action of ozone on cell replicative ability is not mediated through a mechanism related to DNA single strand breaks.
Views of assisted suicide from several nations
Authors: P. Phillips
Journal: JAMA (1997)

QUALITY OF DEATH issues continue to drive an international dialogue about physician-assisted suicide. The medical-legal principles and concepts surrounding assisted death, particularly statutes in Australia and the state of Oregon, were among the issues explored at a conference held this summer in Dublin, Ireland, entitled "Comparative Perspectives on Law and Medicine." The meeting was sponsored by Loyola University Chicago Institute for Health Law, Chicago, Ill, and the health law section of the American Bar Association in cooperation with the Irish Legal Education and Research Trust and the health law section of the Canadian Bar Association. Introducing the session on physicianassisted suicide, John Blum, JD, associate dean of health law programs and professor of law at Loyola University, called the issue "important and controversial." Jocelyn Downie, LLM, director of the Health Law Institute at Dalhousie University in Halifax, Nova Scotia, called for a "respectful dialogue which does not devolve into the
改善:银屑病和银屑病关节炎中的死亡率
Authors: L. Skov, S.F. Thomsen, L.E. Kristensen, R. Dodge, M.S. Hedegaard, J. Kjellberg
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2019)

这项来自丹麦哥本哈根的研究旨在估计银屑病患者中的死亡风险是否增高。已证实,这一常见皮肤病与一些其他疾病(如可能影响患者预期寿命的心脏病)有关。丹麦有一项国家患者注册研究,其用于比较不同临床形式银屑病(包括银屑病关节炎)患者与一个无银屑病对照组的死亡率。这些信息基于曾接受住院治疗的患者(因此这些患者可能患有更严重形式的疾病)。总体而言,银屑病患者死亡时的年龄小于对照组患者 ‐ 分别为 71 岁和 74.5 岁。银屑病患者中的死亡更容易发生在那些同时患有银屑病和胃肠道、心脏以及循环系统、肺和内分泌系统疾病的患者中。有代谢性疾病(包括肥胖)以及癌症的银屑病患者总体上死亡风险也更高。如果患者还患有肺病或某些感染性疾病,则银屑病关节炎患者的死亡风险小幅增高。总体而言,这项研究巩固了既往研究的结论,即更严重形式银屑病患者的死亡率高于一般人群。
Highlights from this issue
Journal: Thorax (2017)

In his novel 'Bleak House' Dickens describes: '…the ancient Greenwich pensioners, wheezing by the firesides of their wards…' However, the paper by Debbie Jarvis and colleagues in this month's journal suggests that the pensioners of Britain have wheezed progressively less over the last 20 years (see page 37).So too have the pensioners of 27 other European countries as well as those in Australia.This epidemiological study describes the results of three questionnaire surveys, administered over a 20 year period and finds that the 12 month prevalence of wheeze fell by 2.4% over 20 years.The authors attribute the improvement in respiratory symptoms to a reduction in smoking by these elderly study participants.Dickens would have blamed the fog and '…the waterside pollutions of a great (and dirty) city'.
Reassessment of the risk of recurrence (R3) after liver transplantation for HCC: validation of the R3 v.2 score and comparison with existing models: results of a multinational analysis in 2,444 patients
Authors: Charlotte Costentin, Federico Pinero, Helena Degroote, Andrea Notarpaolo, Ilka Boin, Karim Boudjema, Cinzia Baccaro, Luis G. Podestá, Philippe Bachellier, Giuseppe Maria Ettorre, Jaime Poniachik, Fabrice Muscari, Fabrizio Di Benedetto, Sergio Hoyos Duque, Ephrem Salamé, Umberto Cillo, Adrian Gadano, Claire Vanlemmens, Stefano Fagiuoli, Fernando Rubinstein, Patrizia Burra, Hans Van Vlierberghe, Marcelo Silva, Christophe Duvoux
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2020)
A patient-reported outcome driven case management system for hematology/oncology patients.
Authors: Rahma M. Warsame, Joleen Marie Hubbard, Carrie A. Thompson, Katrina Croghan, Angelina D. Tan, Briant Fruth, Juliana Perez Botero, Deirdre R. Pachman, Angela Dispenzieri, Jeffrey Sloan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

e18035 Background: Modern clinical practice places time restrictions on the amount of information and processing performed in a typical office visit. Meeting patient needs within the healthcare system is often inefficient, contributing to patient and clinician dissatisfaction. We developed a point-of-care case management system for oncology clinical practice adapted from an algorithm initially designed for diabetes patients. The system’s goal is predicated on the patient’s single biggest concern to distill patient-reported quality of life (QOL) outcomes into actionable clinical pathways to improve case management and redirect concerns to appropriate stakeholders thereby alleviating clinician burden. Methods: Literature review and focus groups of oncology patients were used to identify key concerns. The program was adapted for cancer patients to identify a specific patient concern including QOL, fatigue, pain and other cancer-specific issues scored on a scale of 0-10. Suggested actions and available resources were provided to patient/clinician based on the issue selected. We performed a pilot study involving 20 cancer patients to assess feasibility, and administered a “was it worth it survey”. Results: The resultant oncology electronic system includes a set of eight primary “buttons”: Personal Relationships, Emotional health, Physical health, Cancer diagnosis and treatment, Health behaviors, Money, Care planning and Something else. Every “button” was selected, most commonly Cancer diagnosis and treatment 6/20 (30%). The median (range) reported QOL, fatigue and pain were 7 (1-10), 4 (0-8), 2 (0-8), respectively. Completion of the system took 4 minutes. One hundred percent of patients surveyed thought it was worth it, would participate again and recommend it to others. Conclusions: The system was quick, easy to use, all the categories were chosen and relevant to cancer patients. This system has potential to improve patient-centered care, clinical outcomes, reduce burden on clinicians and distribute case management activities to appropriate providers. These results are preliminary data for initiating a larger prospective protocol to assess the number and type of patient outcomes that the system can improve.
Diphosphopyridine nucleotide in the treatment of schizophrenia
Authors: N. S. Kline
Journal: JAMA (1967)

On the spring of last year, diphosphopyridine nucleotide (DPN or NAD, coenzyme I of the cellular oxidation-reduction systems) was claimed to be effective in short-term treatment of schizophrenia.<sup>1</sup>This method of treatment was based on the results of studies showing the purported beneficial effect of long-term administration of niacin (nicotinic acid, a constituent of the vitamin B complex) or its derivative niacinamide in schizophrenia.<sup>2,3</sup>Since niacinamide is an integral part of the coenzyme, it was suggested that these therapeutic effects were exerted by diphosphopyridine nucleotide and could readily be elicited by administering 1 to 2 gm of this preparation orally; 75% of the treated cases were said to show undeniable improvement five to seven days after the beginning of treatment.<sup>1</sup> Our evaluation of diphosphopyridine for the treatment of patients with chronic schizophrenia who were residing in our research ward will be reported in full in a speciality
Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor in Induction Treatment of Children With Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma: A Randomized Study of the French Society of Pediatric Oncology
Authors: C. Patte, A. Laplanche, A. I. Bertozzi, A. Baruchel, D. Frappaz, C. Schmitt, F. Mechinaud, B. Nelken, P. Boutard, J. Michon
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2002)

PURPOSE: To determine whether granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF; lenograstim) decreases the incidence of febrile neutropenia after induction courses in treatment of childhood non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients were randomized to receive (G-CSF+) or not receive (G-CSF−) prophylactic G-CSF, 5 μg/kg/d, from day 7 until an absolute neutrophil count ≥ 500/μL was sustained over 48 hours, after two consecutive induction courses of cyclophosphamide 1.5 or 3 g/m 2 , vincristine 2 mg/m 2 , prednisone 60 mg/m 2 /d × 5, doxorubicin 60 mg/m 2 , high-dose methotrexate 3 or 8 g/m 2 , and intrathecal injections (COPAD[M]) on protocols LMB89, LMT89, and HM91 of the French Society of Pediatric Oncology. RESULTS: One hundred forty-eight patients were assessable, 75 G-CSF+ and 73 G-CSF−. Although duration of neutropenia less than 500/μL was 3 days shorter in G-CSF+ patients (P = 10 −4 ), incidence of febrile neutropenia (89% v 93% in the first course, 88% v 88% in the second course), durations of hospitalization and antimicrobial therapy, percentages of infections, mucositis, and transfusions were not significantly different. Although the percentage of G-CSF+ patients commencing the following course on day 21 was significantly higher (84% v 68% after the first and 57% v 38% after the second course; P &lt; .05), the median delay between the two courses was only 1 day less in G-CSF+ patients (median delay after first COPAD(M), 19 v 20 days, P = .01; after second, 21 v 22 days, P = not significant). Remission and survival rates were similar in both arms. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that G-CSF did not decrease treatment-related morbidity, nor increase the dose-intensity in children undergoing COPAD(M) induction chemotherapy for NHL.
The Cause and Control of Sex in Human Offspring.
Journal: JAMA (1927)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Carcinoma of the Prostate in Uganda Africans
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Radiation dosage estimation and health risk
Authors: F. C. Maienschein
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Erroneous conclusions will be drawn from the article of Wing et al,<sup>1</sup>which described evidence of radiation effects in Oak Ridge (Tenn) National Laboratory workers, if the very large biases and uncertainties in relating effects to radiation doses are not recognized. The problem arises because the radiation-dose records represent no more than lower limits, and the derived radiation effects per sievert are thus upper limits. Why are the radiation-dose records so uncertain and so biased? From the Figure in the Wing et al article, it is clear that most of the relevant radiation dose was recorded before about 1960. In this period, the purpose of the radiationdose monitoring program was to detect large exposures. It was not intended to detect and measure low-dose levels of the magnitude reported by Wing et al, which scarcely exceeded natural background, on the average. In particular, radiation-dose readings less than
Depression
Authors: Janet M. Torpy
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Depression Aperson who feels sad all the time, has unexplained crying spells, or loses interest in usual activities may have major depression, a serious medical illness that should be distinguished from normal temporary feelings of sadness after a loss, such as the death of a relative or friend.The May 28, 2008, issue of JAMA includes a study about preventing depression in patients who have had a stroke.This Patient Page is based on one previously published in the January 18, 2006, issue of JAMA.
Patient perceptions of treatment benefit in advanced cancer.
Authors: Rushad Patell, David Johnson Einstein, Jennifer Halleck, Laura Dodge, Mary K. Buss
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2019)

25 Background: Informed consent assumes accurate perceptions of potential treatment benefits and risks, yet many patients receiving palliative cancer therapies misperceive the likelihood of cure. Patients’ understanding of treatment benefits/risks beyond cure is unknown. We aimed to further explore patient perceptions of benefits/risks of palliative treatment in the era of novel therapeutics. Methods: We surveyed patients with advanced solid cancers and their oncologists regarding benefits/risks of palliative therapies. We assessed perceived likelihood of tumor response, survival benefit, symptom palliation and side effects, as well as information-seeking behavior. We used log binomial regression to estimate risk ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of the association between misperception (patient perception minus physician’s perception) and various demographic, disease and treatment characteristics. Results: Of 119 patients enrolled: median age was 65 years (range 59–73), 55% male and 56% had prior treatment. Treatments included chemotherapy (60%), immunotherapy (25%) and targeted therapy (16%). Median misperceptions are shown in Table. Factors associated with decreased misperception included male gender (RR=0.70, 95% CI: 0.55–0.89), graduate level education (RR=0.63, 95% CI: 0.41–0.98) and targeted therapy (RR=0.54, 95% CI: 0.30–0.98). There was no correlation between misperceptions of tumor response and curability (r=0.13, P=0.15) or self-education (r=-0.04, P=0.69). Conclusions: Compared with their oncologists, patients’ overestimate not only curability but also chances of tumor response, symptom palliation and survival benefit; though they accurately perceive likelihood of toxicity. There is no correlation between perception of curability and other goals of therapy such as response rate and symptom palliation. Improvements in communication should focus on the likelihood of different treatment goals rather than treatment risks. [Table: see text]
Family studies in tuberous sclerosis. evaluation of apparently unaffected parents
Authors: S. B. Cassidy
Journal: JAMA (1983)

A family study was conducted to evaluate the apparently unaffected parents of 13 patients with tuberous sclerosis. None of the parents had a personal or family history suggesting the diagnosis of tuberous sclerosis. All 26 parents were examined according to a protocol that entailed medical history, physical examination (including Wood's lamp examination of the skin), funduscopic examination through a dilated pupil, roentgenograms of the hands, feet, and skull, renal ultrasound studies, and cranial computed tomography (CT). In these 13 families, three fathers and one mother had previously undiagnosed tuberous sclerosis. Three of the four had skin changes, three had calcifications shown by CT, and one had renal cysts. These data demonstrate the importance of detailed examination of all parents of patients with tuberous sclerosis before recurrence-risk counseling is given. (<i>JAMA</i>1983;249:1302-1304)
Overall Prevalence Of Self-reported Food Allergy In Canada
Authors: L. Soller, M. Ben-Shoshan, D.W. Harrington, J. Fragapane, L. Joseph, Y. St-Pierre, S.B. Godefroy, S. La Vieille, S.J. Elliott, A.E. Clarke
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2012)
HOSPITAL ORGANIZATION.
Journal: JAMA (2000)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Prevention of Bacterial Endocarditis: American Heart Association Recommendations-Reply
Authors: Adnan S. Dajani
Journal: JAMA (1997)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —Dr Park's comments regarding "surgically scrubbed skin" implies properly cleansed skin before a procedure is performed. Skin cannot be "sterilized," whether the procedure is done in an operating room setting or in an outpatient office setting. We hope that skin preparation is adequate in any setting. The recommendations in the reference<sup>1</sup>cited by Park subsequently were challenged by a letter to the editor.<sup>2</sup>The organisms that reside on noninfected skin are not commonly associated with endocarditis, and bacteremia following procedures performed through scrubbed skin is not likely. For these reasons, we do not recommend prophylaxis under these circumstances. Procedures involving infected tissues may result in bacteremia, and we provided recommendations for this situation in our article. Dr Singer raises a somewhat related issue. For the reasons mentioned above, clean, noninfected lacerations do not require routine prophylaxis. Dr Cheng points out areas of uncertainty regarding patients with a history
Accuracy of Substituted Judgments in Patients with Terminal Diagnoses
Authors: Daniel P. Sulmasy
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1998)

Letters15 December 1998Accuracy of Substituted Judgments in Patients with Terminal DiagnosesDaniel P. Sulmasy, OFM, MD, PhD, Peter B. Terry, MD, MA, and Deborah J. Miller, RN, PhDDaniel P. Sulmasy, OFM, MD, PhDGeorgetown University Medical Center; Washington, DC 20007The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions; Baltimore, MD 21205, Peter B. Terry, MD, MAGeorgetown University Medical Center; Washington, DC 20007The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions; Baltimore, MD 21205, and Deborah J. Miller, RN, PhDGeorgetown University Medical Center; Washington, DC 20007The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions; Baltimore, MD 21205Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-129-12-199812150-00041 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSEWe are in basic agreement with the normative moral points that O'Rourke makes in his letter. However, it is important to keep in mind that our paper is a work of descriptive ethics; it makes no normative moral arguments. Thus, in stating that our "fundamental assumption" is that an "accurate" decision is a "correct" decision, O'Rourke is both right and wrong. He is right in the sense that the paper must assume, for the purposes of describing the ability of a surrogate to represent the wishes of the patient, that an answer that matches what the patient wants ...References1. Truog RD, Brett AS, Frader J. The problem with futility. N Engl J Med. 1992; 326:1560-4. Google Scholar2. Sulmasy DP. Futility and the varieties of medical judgment. Theoretical Medicine. 1997; 18:63-78. Google Scholar3. Terry PB, Vettese M, Song J, Forman J, Haller KB, Miller DJ, et al. End of life decision making: when patients and surrogates disagree. J Clin Ethics. [In press]. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Daniel P. Sulmasy, OFM, MD, PhD; Peter B. Terry, MD, MA; Deborah J. Miller, RN, PhDAffiliations: Georgetown University Medical Center; Washington, DC 20007The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions; Baltimore, MD 21205 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byPreferences for place of care and place of death: What, how, when and who to ask?Financial Surrogate Decision Making: Lessons from Applied Experimental PhilosophyCare Alternatives in Prison Systems 15 December 1998Volume 129, Issue 12Page: 1083KeywordsComaDecision makingDisclosurePatient advocacy ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 December 1998 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1998 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...