tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Renal failure, rhabdomyolysis, and phenylpropanolamine
Authors: G. A. Blewitt
Journal: JAMA (1983)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> We have reviewed the article by Swenson and colleagues entitled "Acute Renal Failure and Rhabdomyolysis After Ingestion of Phenylpropanolamine-Containing Diet Pills" (1982;248:1216) and offer the following comments. The authors cite reports of "amphetaminelike" CNS stimulation and hypertension as being associated with ingestion of phenylpropanolamine hydrochloride. Several controlled clinical studies, however, have<i>not</i>shown these effects in a cross section of human volunteers at allowed therapeutic doses. Previous publications referred to in this article do not support such adverse affects associated with<i>responsible</i>use of phenylpropanolamine-containing drug products.<sup>1,2</sup>Indeed, another reference is a case report of an attempted suicide with a phenylpropanolamine-containing diet aid at<i>34 times</i>the normal dose.<sup>3</sup>Reference 6 referred to five patients who had injected by the intravenous route a "homemade" dosage form of<i>amphetamine</i>.<sup>4</sup>Clearly, there is nothing in the article in common with these reports and the purported side
Radiotherapy improves outcome in patients with locally advanced prostate cancer
Journal: BMJ (2005)

make precise conclusions about the size of the effect, though the consistency of the associations we observed between both infant size and growth and later obesity across a range of settings and time periods suggest that the association is robust.As this review was part of a much larger review it was impractical to obtain original data from study authors to carry out secondary analyses. ConclusionsInfants in the highest end of the distribution for weight or body mass index and those who grow rapidly are at increased risk of obesity in childhood and adulthood.This suggests that factors during infancy or before that are related to infant growth influence the risk of later obesity.The relation of infant growth with other health outcomes should be explored to assess whether interventions to alter infant growth to prevent obesity are likely to be associated with other benefits or harms.It will also be important to assess whether factors influencing infant growth are amenable to change, to establish which strategies might alter infant growth, and to find out whether these are acceptable to parents.
La Tuberculose Pulmonaire. Études de Phtisiologie Clinique et Sociale.
Journal: JAMA (1922)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Prognostic value of free testosterone (FT) levels during salvage chemotherapy with carboplatin plus weekly docetaxel in metastatic castration- and docetaxel-resistant prostate cancer (mDRPC).
Authors: Christoph W. Reuter, Michael A. Morgan, Christoph von Klot, Axel S. Merseburger, Martin H Fenner, Philipp Ivanyi, Viktor Gruenwald, Arnold Ganser
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

5084 Background: Recent data suggest that carboplatin plus weekly docetaxel (DC) may be effective in mDRPC. Platinum(II)-complexes have been shown to interfere with steroid biosynthesis lowering testosterone levels by inhibiting the cholesterol side chain cleavage enzyme (CYP11A1), 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (HSD3B1,2) and 17α hydroxylase/C17,20-lyase (CYP17A1). Methods: Docetaxel failure/resistance was defined according to the Prostate Cancer Working Group (PCWG2 2007) criteria. Treatment consisted of at least two cycles of carboplatin AUC5 iv for 30 min on day 1 every 4 weeks (q4w), docetaxel at a dose of 35 mg/m2 iv for one hour on days 1, 8, (15) plus prednisone 2x5mg/day orally after receiving informed consent until disease progression or occurrence of intolerable adverse effects. Efficacy measures were done following PCWG2 recommendations. Free testosterone levels were measured before (n=59) and during DC chemotherapy (n=52). Results: Of the 84 pts. treated since February 2005, 95.2% had bone, 41.7% lymph node, 27.4% liver and 17.9% lung involvement. At the time of the current analysis, the median follow-up time was 15.1 months, 64 pts. had died and 75 had progressive disease. The objective response rate was 40.0% and the disease control rate 62.0% in the 50 pts. with measureable disease. Response of prostate-specific antigen (≥50%) was observed in 40/84 (47.6%) patients. Median progression-free survival (PFS) for all patients was 6.9 months (CI 95% 6.0, 7.8) and median OS was 17.9 months (CI 95% 12.6, 23.0). The most common reversible grade 3/4 toxicity was leukopenia/ neutropenia (42.9/38.1%). Median free testosterone levels were 0.69 pg/ml before and <0.18 pg/ml during carboplatin/docetaxel treatment (p<0.001; detection limit <0.18 pg/ml). In multivariate analyses, LDH, number of radiation treatments, PSA response, free testosterone nadir levels, and total androgene nadir levels during DC treatment were associated with longer OS (p<0.05).Conclusions: These data suggest that DC may be an important second-line treatment option for DRPC patients by inhibiting the testosterone biosynthesis.
High incidence of preterm births and early losses in pregnancy after in vitro fertilisation. Australian in vitro fertilisation collaborative group.
Journal: BMJ (1985)

A fertilisation cohort of 244 pregnancies resulting from in vitro fertilisation was reported to a national register by eight units specialising in in vitro fertilisation. Early pregnancy losses were high, with 5% tubal ectopic pregnancies, 18% biochemical pregnancies, and an incidence of spontaneous abortion of 27%. Among pregnancies of at least 20 weeks' gestation 22% were multiple, with 26 pairs of twins and four sets of triplets. The incidence of preterm births was more than three times higher than in the general population. Low birthweight rates were also higher, owing both to preterm births and to multiple pregnancies. The sex ratio and the incidence of major congenital malformations were similar to those in naturally conceived pregnancies. In this series the high fetal losses at all stages of pregnancy suggested maternal reproductive causes and should not be interpreted as being due to factors peculiar to in vitro fertilisation. Further analysis will be necessary when larger numbers are available.
Abstract 13099: Study of Right Ventricular to Pulmonary Circulation Uncoupling at Peak Exercise in Heart Failure by gas Exchange Analysis Combined to Echocardiography
Authors: Greta Generati, Francesco Bandera, Marta Pellegrino, Valentina Labate, Francesco Carbone, Eleonora Alfonzetti, Marco Guazzi
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Background: Right ventricular (RV) dysfunction and pulmonary hypertension (PH) impact on clinical status and have a prognostic value in heart (HF) patients. There is interest in assessment the RV to pulmonary circulation (PC) uncoupling during exercise even though much needs to be defined on the functional phenotypes. Aim: to define how the degrees of RV-PC uncoupling may engender specific functional phenotypes. Methods: 94 HFrEF patients (mean age 66±11 y, male 70%, ischemic etiology 71%, mean LVEF 34±9%) underwent a maximal CPET (incremental ramp protocol) combined with exercise-echo. Results: Population was divided into 4 groups using the 4 quadrant approach (Figure) based on TAPSE vs systolic PAP (PASP) relationship as a length vs developed force of the RV during exercise (cutoff based on median values of 20 mm and 57 mmHg). At peak exercise patients with more favorable TAPSE vs PASP relationship (group A) showed the better functional CPET response (higher peak VO2; lower VE/VCO2 slope and prevalence of exercise oscillatory ventilation (EOV), p= 0.000, 0.005 and 0.000). Group B and C showed similar peak VO2 and the occurrence of dynamic PH (group C) was related to dynamic mitral regurgitation (MR) and high rate of EOV (B vs C p=0.001 and 0.000). Interestingly, for similar exercise tolerance and LV function parameters, group D patients had more severely impaired ventilatory efficiency associated with very high prevalence of rest severe (MR) and EOV (p=0.005, 0.002). Conclusions: This proposed non-invasive RV functional evaluation approach at peak exercise seems appealing for stageing HF syndrome severity based on the degree of the right heart dysfunction. It appears also useful to unmask different ventilatory phenotypes irrespective of a similar impairment in functional capacity and peak VO2.
Four years of replacing ailing hearts: surgeons assess data, questions remain
Authors: H. M. Cole
Journal: JAMA (1986)

FOUR YEARS AGO this week, one of the most widely publicized and debated medical experiments of the decade began at the University of Utah Medical Center, Salt Lake City. Seattle dentist Barney Clark, near death from idiopathic cardiomyopathy, consented to the removal of his failing heart. Clark became the first human recipient of the plastic and metal pneumatically powered Jarvik-7 (named for Robert K. Jarvik, MD) artificial heart. Clark, described as the "gallant pioneer" of this experiment (<i>Time</i>, April 4, 1983, p 62), lived 112 days with his mechanical heart. His life extension was complicated by seizures, depression, aspiration pneumonia, renal failure, epistaxis, ruptured pulmonary blebs, circulatory compromise from a fractured artificial valve strut, and, finally, overwhelming gram negative sepsis (pseudomonas, klebsiella, citrobacter) culminating in complete organ failure (<i>N Engl J Med</i>1984;310:273278). Although many observers cheered Clark's heroism and marveled that the mechanical heart sustained him for an extended
Parallel 21: Therapeutic Interventions for Complications of Cirrhosis
Authors: Sheila Dewitt, Vincent Jacques, Lex Van Der Ploeg, Hikari Okada, Masao Honda, Kai Takegoshi, Taro Yamashita, Naoto Nagata, Toshinari Takamura, Takuji Tanaka, Shuichi Kaneko, Carlos Ferreira, Teresa Rodrigues, Ana Pedro, Paula Ferreira, Margarida Dias, Afonso Gonçalves, Leonor Brito, Fatima Serejo, Rui Marinho, Cilénia Costa, Narcisa Fatela, Helena Cortez-Pinto, Fernando Ramalho, Paula Alexandrino, José Velosa
Journal: Hepatology (2015)

pioglitazone on mitochondrial respiration.In the db/db mouse model of T2DM, DRX-065 significantly decreases blood glucose, serum triglycerides, and fatty acids, as well as markers of inflammation (cytokines, serum amyloid A).At a therapeutically effective dose in mice, DRX-065 also does not induce weight gain, unlike pioglitazone or d-S-pio.The effects of d-S-pio on weight gain are expected based on its strong PPARg agonist activity.Conclusion: We demonstrated in preclinical experiments that the stabilized deuterated R-enantiomer of pioglitazone, DRX-065, has pharmacological properties desirable for the treatment of NASH (mitochondrial function modulation, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory effects, and glucose lowering effects) without the undesired PPARg-related weight gain side effects.DRX-065 represents a potentially significant therapeutic improvement over pioglitazone, a drug already recommended off-label for the treatment of NASH.
Proliferative response of CD4+ T cells and hepatitis B virus clearance in chronic hepatitis with or without hepatitis B e?minus hepatitis B virus mutants*1, *2
Authors: H LOHR
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

To assess the significance of cell-mediated immunity, T cells were derived from the peripheral blood and liver tissue of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-infected patients and controls. The analysis of the 3H-thymidine-uptake in response to a panel of recombinant HBV antigens revealed that peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of the 25 viremic patients with inflammatory active, chronic hepatitis B, 16 with wild-type and nine with HBe-minus HBV mutant infection, showed stronger proliferative responses to HBc and HBe antigens than 16 asymptomatic nonviremic HBsAg carriers with normal aminotransferase levels (HBc: SI 19.3 ± 3.9 vs. 13.0 ± 3.2 vs. 8.0 ± 1.2; P < .01 and HBe: SI16.6 ± 4.0 vs. 10.7 ± 3.5 vs. 6.9 ± 1.5; P < .05). In 15 patients with acute self-limited hepatitis B, however, significantly stronger HBc antigen-specific T-cell responses were observed during HBV clearance and HBe/anti-HBe seroconversion, whereas in nine completely HBV-immunized patients only minor proliferative responses to HBV antigens were observed. Six HBe/ HBcAg- and two HBeAg-specific CD4+ T-cell lines could be expanded from liver tissue and peripheral blood of six viremic patients with chronic hepatitis B. Irrespectively of HBV mutations the HBV-specific activation of the T-cell lines was restricted by the presence of HLADR molecules and resulted in the release of Thi-like cytokine patterns. Follow-up of interferon (IFN) recipients showed simultaneous short-term increase of HBc/HBe specific T-cell reactivities in responder patients during HBV clearance and HBe/anti-HBe seroconversion, whereas in nonresponders high virus load and HBV-specific immune responses were in imbalance. In conclusion, HBe/HBc-specific CD4+ helper T cells are related to disease activity. From patients with HBe-minus HBV mutants HBeAg-specific T cells could be obtained in vitro, suggestive of viral escape from the host immune response. We speculate that HBe/HBcAg-specific T helper cells are required to mount an efficient immune response in HBV infection.
THU0030 Increased collagen production by human lung fibroblasts in the response to tumour necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand
Authors: VV Yurovsky
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2001)

<h3>Background</h3> Tumour necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), also called Apo-2 ligand, is a member of the TNF family that has been reported to induce apoptosis in a variety of transformed cell lines, as well as in normal human hepatocytes <i>in vitro</i>. Among the family members, TRAIL displays highest homology to CD95 ligand, receptor of which may not only mediate apoptosis of T cells, but also mediate the proliferation of normal human fibroblasts. Considering structural and functional similarities between TRAIL and CD95 ligand, we examined the effects of soluble TRAIL on normal human lung fibroblasts. Collagen a2(I) mRNA expression in fibroblasts was measured by RT-PCR, with ribosomal protein S9 as an internal standard. Normalised collagen mRNA expression was increased in fibroblasts stimulated with TRAIL for 1 or 7 days, with peak response (&gt; 5-fold increase) at 10 ng/ml TRAIL. The increased expression of collagen a2(I) gene was confirmed by cDNA microarray that also revealed 72 other genes with expression level increased and 108 genes with expression level decreased ? 2.2-fold in comparison with quiescent fibroblasts. There was little, if any, effect of TRAIL on fibroblast proliferation. In addition, the expression of TRAIL was found in CD8<sup>+</sup> T cell clones that had undergone oligoclonal expansion in the lungs of patients with systemic sclerosis (scleroderma) and were able to stimulate collagen production in lung fibroblasts <i>in vitro</i>. These data suggest that TRAIL can enhance collagen production by fibroblasts that are resistant to TRAIL-induced apoptosis. <h3>Objectives</h3> <h3>Methods</h3> <h3>Results</h3> <h3>Conclusion</h3>
Double Blind Study Using Isoproterenol and a Placebo for Symptoms of Asthma, Bronchitis and Similar Conditions
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Inability to assess breath sounds during air medical transport by helicopter
Authors: R. C. Hunt
Journal: JAMA (1991)

This study assessed the capabilities of a traditional and an amplified stethoscope used by flight nurses to assess breath sounds during air medical transport in an MBB BO-105 helicopter. We developed a normal breath sound model using a prerecorded tape of breath sounds interspersed with segments without breath sounds; the recorder had been placed in the chest wall of a resuscitation training manikin. Flight nurses completed control listening sessions in a quiet environment and experimental sessions during flight using a traditional stethoscope for half of the sessions and an amplified stethoscope for the remaining half. In the quiet environment, flight nurses accurately reported the presence or absence of breath sounds in 110 (92%) of 120 trials. During helicopter flight, none of the flight nurses heard breath sounds during any of the recorded segments with either the traditional stethoscope or the amplified stethoscope. We conclude that flight nurses are unable to hear normal breath sounds using a traditional or amplified stethoscope during flight in a medically configured MBB BO-105 helicopter. Improved stethoscopes, innovative methods of listening, and reduction of aircraft noise are potential solutions to the problems of breath sound assessment during air medical transport. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1991;265:1982-1984)
The Watch
Authors: Kathleen M. McKillip
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2020)

Ad Libitum1 September 2020The WatchKathleen M. McKillip, MDKathleen M. McKillip, MDCreighton University, Omaha, Nebraska (K.M.M.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/M19-2239 Audio Reading - “The Watch” Audio. Michael A. LaCombe, MD, Annals Associate Editor, reads “The Watch” by Kathleen M. McKillip, MD Your browser does not support the audio element. Audio player progress bar Step backward in current audio track Play current audio trackPause current audio track Step forward in current audio track Mute current audio trackUnmute current audio track 00:00/ SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Others considerthe three dimensional renderingof the vessel that ruptured your retirement.You, speechless,a Wake in the halving of your body,are more concernedwith the topography of my wristwatch.I had meant only to check your pulsebut am now captive, reluctant, compelled into your regard.Youarticulateeachjointandfacet ofthewatch'smetalclasp.You are desperate to—to re-windto fasten these fingers back ontoa world you can no longer grip.My watch, for its part, ticks out an insolent rhythm.Its face has not slackened.Its arms still obey commands to reach high,passing wide arcs across your days.Its heart stops forno one,not even you.I squirm under your—our—sudden vulnerability.... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska (K.M.M.)Current Author Address: Kathleen M. McKillip, MD; e-mail, [email protected]edu. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement Audio Reading - “The Watch” Audio. Michael A. LaCombe, MD, Annals Associate Editor, reads “The Watch” by Kathleen M. McKillip, MD Your browser does not support the audio element. Audio player progress bar Step backward in current audio track Play current audio trackPause current audio track Step forward in current audio track Mute current audio trackUnmute current audio track 00:00/ FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 September 2020Volume 173, Issue 5Page: 416KeywordsHand strengthHeartHeart rateTicks ePublished: 1 September 2020 Issue Published: 1 September 2020 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2020 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
TONICS AND SEDATIVES
Journal: JAMA (1960)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal