tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
After splenectomy.
Journal: BMJ (1978)

A hundred years of service Few people have ever heard of the Medical Missionary Association, yet its influence has spread to the far corners ofthe earth.The man in the street and the doctor in his consulting room may know of David Livingstone and Albert Schweitzer, and perhaps of Sir Wilfred Grenfell-but would either know that the MMA celebrates its centenary this year?To commemorate this event there was on 6 October a service of thanksgiving in All Souls Church, Langham Place, the doctors' church in the heart of medical London.On 19 October, in nearby Manson House, the opening scientific meeting of the 1978-9 session of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene will have as its theme the contribution of medical missions to tropical medicine.These two events represent the two interlacing strands-spiritual and medical- ofthe MMA.The five doctors who met in London on 2 March 1878 to found the association saw no incongruity in combining these two concepts nor did they make any distinction between needy people at home and those abroad.Doctors north of the border had formed the Edinburgh Medical Missionary Association some 40 years previously and the London association was soon to show its Scottish counterpart that it, too, could do something practical "to help forward such Christian work, both at home and abroad, as may properly be within the spheres of medical agencies."This rather stilted wording was matched by the decision to do nothing more exciting than to create a hostel where impecunious medical students in London could be lodged and fed at low cost.But from 1885 onwards, successively in North London, Highbury, Chislehurst, and then Bloomsbury and Canonbury, the facilities provided by these hostels made it
Morton Prince
Authors: Merrill Moore
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1956)

MORTON Prince, who was born in Boston on December 21, 1854, unquestionably achieved distinction in several fields besides that of medicine: teaching, literature, the theater, politics and civic reform. His rare medical books (some of them irreplaceable) have been put together in a special collection in a room given by him to the Boston Medical Library, where many of his personal belongings, as well as his furniture and decorations, are also assembled.After graduation from Harvard Medical School in 1879 Dr. Prince took a year of study abroad at Vienna and Strasbourg.From 1895 – 98 he taught neurology at . . .
SHENCK'S THEORY OF SEX DETERMINATION.
Journal: JAMA (1898)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Weight to place on birth weight
Authors: D. B. Petitti
Journal: JAMA (1983)

Most of our knowledge about the correlates of birth weight and perinatal morbidity derives from studies done more than a decade ago. Thus, the effort by Hackman et al to identify previously unrecognized predictors of birth weight and unfavorable pregnancy outcome, reported in this issue ofThe Journal(p 2016), deserves attention. The identification of predictors of birth weight contributes to our understanding of the determination of fetal growth; identification of modifiable factors that cause an unfavorable pregnancy outcome paves the way to intervention. In this context, the current study has two potentially important findings. First, a mother's birth weight was a significant (<i>P</i>&lt;.05) predictor of her infant's birth weight—independent of her height and her pregnancy weight. Second, mothers who themselves weighed 2,000 g or less at birth had a significantly (<i>P</i>&lt;.05) higher percentage of unfavorable pregnancy outcomes compared with mothers who themselves weighed more than 2,000 g
Pulmonary T cell repertoire in patients with graft‐versus‐host disease following blood and marrow transplantation
Authors: Vladimir V. Yurovsky, Michele H. Cottler‐Fox, Sergei P. Atamas, Carl B. Shanholtz, E. James Britt, Lyle L. Sensenbrenner, Barbara White
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2001)

Pulmonary inflammation is one of the risk factors associated with blood and marrow transplantation (BMT). To determine the potential role of T cells in pulmonary complications after transplantation, we analyzed the T-cell repertoire expressed in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids from eleven patients with graft-versus-host disease following BMT.A reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction was used to amplify rearranged TCR transcripts in unfractionated, CD4+, and CD8+ T cells from bronchoalveolar lavage fluids.The relative expression of TCR variable (V) gene families and the diversity of junctional region lengths associated with different AV and BV gene families were analyzed.Nearly all TCR AV and BV gene families were detected in bronchoalveolar lavage cells from BMT recipients.Oligoclonal patterns of TCR junctional region lengths were observed in unfractionated, CD4+, and CD8+ bronchoalveolar T cells.The oligoclonal expansion of bronchoalveolar T cells in patients was confirmed by DNA sequencing.TCRV gene expression is almost completely restored in the lungs of BMT recipients as early as two weeks after transplantation.Increased oligoclonality among TCR gene families suggests either an incomplete restoration of TCR diversity or an antigen-driven expansion of T cells in the lungs of BMT recipients with graft-versus-host disease, not necessarily related to pulmonary infection.Am.
Methotrexate depresses immunoglobulins in children
Authors: M Rudwaleit
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2002)

Background: The prevalence of atopic disorders in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is unknown.AS and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) exhibit divergent T helper (Th) cell cytokine patterns.Objective: To test the hypothesis that Th2 polarised atopic disorders may be decreased in Th1 polarised RA but increased in AS, which is characterised by an impaired Th1 cytokine pattern, by assessing the prevalence of atopic disorders in AS and RA.Methods: 2008 subjects (380 patients with AS, 728 patients with RA, 900 controls) from Berlin, Germany, were considered in this cross sectional study.A questionnaire incorporating questions from the European Community Respiratory Health Service (ECRHS) and the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) protocol was mailed to all subjects.Disease severity was assessed by the modified Health Assessment Questionnaire (mHAQ).Results: 1271 (63.3%) people responded to the questionnaire.The prevalence of any atopic disorder was 24.6% (61/248) in patients with AS, 20.7% (111/536) in controls, and 13.1% (64/487) in patients with RA (p=0.0009 for AS v RA; p=0.001 for controls v RA).Hay fever was reported by 40/248 (16.1%) patients with AS, 82/536 (15.3%) controls, and 42/487 (8.6%) patients with RA (p=0.002 for AS v RA; p=0.001 for controls v RA).Atopic dermatitis was reported by 19/248 (7.7%) patients with AS, 26/536 (4.9%) controls, and 14/487 (2.9%) patients with RA (p=0.003 for AS v RA), and asthma by 18/248 (7.3%) patients with AS, 35/536 (6.5%) controls, and 21/487 (4.3%) patients with RA.The differences were related neither to age nor to drugs.Disease severity was less in atopic patients with RA who had the atopic disorder before the onset of RA (median mHAQ 0.75) than in patients in whom RA preceded the atopic disorder (median mHAQ 1.75; p=0.027).Conclusions: Atopic disorders are decreased in RA but only slightly and non-significantly increased in AS.This may imply that atopy confers some protection from RA but only little if any susceptibility to AS.It may further indicate that the cytokine deviation towards an impaired Th1 pattern in AS is less strong than the cytokine deviation towards Th1 in RA, a finding which may affect future therapeutic approaches.. . . . . . .
Medical Care: Accessibility and Adequacy
Journal: JAMA (1972)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
New Names
Journal: JAMA (1979)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Warm clothing and housing prevent excess winter mortality
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Multiple doses of anticholinergics are beneficial in severe, acute childhood asthmaThe addition of anticholinergics to 2 agonist inhalations remains controversial in the treatment of children and adolescents with asthma exacerbations.To examine the efficacy of three management strategies for adding anticholinergics to 2 agonists, Plotnick and Ducharme (p 971) systematically reviewed 10 randomised controlled trials, including single dose, multiple doses (predetermined protocol), and multiple doses (flexible protocol).Only the addition of multiple doses of anticholinergics to 2 agonists in a predetermined protocol reduced the risk of hospital admission (by 30%) and improved pulmonary function tests.Eleven children would need to be treated to avoid one admission.The use of anticholinergics in mild to moderate asthma is not supported by the available evidence.The number and size of pooled studies remain small, thus the conclusions are subject to change with future larger trials. Warm clothing and housing prevent excess winter mortalityCold weather increases death rates from heart disease, stroke, and all causes in western Europe.Donaldson et al studied mortality in Yakutsk in east Siberia, where temperatures average -26.6°C from October to March (p 978).Overall daily death rates did not rise even at temperatures of -48.2°C.An increase in deaths from respiratory disease below -20°C was balanced by a fall in deaths from injury at this temperature.The stable death rate is attributed to very warm outdoor clothing and housing as well as a reduction in outdoor trips at temperatures below -20°C.The authors suggest that most of the excess winter mortality in western Europe is preventable by personal cold protection.
Stuttering-Reply
Authors: Gavin Andrews
Journal: JAMA (1989)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> I agree with Dr Nessell, there are special conditions in which stuttering is reduced or absent. They are chorus reading, lipped speech, delayed auditory feedback, rhythmic speech, shadowing, singing and slowed speech, speaking alone, changing pitch, and whispering.<sup>1</sup>These changes, and the changes in situations mentioned by Dr Nessell, are those in which the speech motor control task is simplified.<sup>2</sup>In speaking alone, speaking or reading to children, and talking to animals the fluent speech rate and the articulation rate is slowed, thereby providing more time for the necessary adjustments in motor control. As with many skilled motor acts, one can trade off speed for accuracy.
Annales d'Oculistique, Paris
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The twilight zone: death on a Sunday morning
Authors: B. B. Dan
Journal: JAMA (1989)

If it weren't for one peculiar twist of physical chemistry, carbon monoxide might be the least interesting of all the organic compounds. Its ubiquitous production results from the incomplete combustion of carbonaceous materials. More than 90% of atmospheric carbon monoxide is produced from automobile emissions, hundreds of millions of tons per year.<sup>1</sup>While pollution alerts may indicate transient elevations in carbon monoxide, in the general environment, carbon monoxide levels are so low as to be clinically insignificant. The colorless, odorless, and tasteless gas is the most frequent cause of chemical asphyxiation. Although carbon monoxide itself is nonirritating and apparently nontoxic to cells, almost 50% of all deaths from poisoning are due to its inhalation.<sup>2</sup>Carbon monoxide is lethal because of its occult nature and because at a normal pH, it has an affinity for hemoglobin 210 to 270 times greater than that of oxygen. When inhaled, most carbon
Radiotherapy
Authors: Leonard R. Prosnitz, Daniel S. Kapp, Joseph B. Weissberg
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1983)

SOON after the discovery of x-rays by Roentgen in 1895, an editorial in the Journal of the American Medical Association 1 suggested that the new x-rays might have some therapeutic potential. The realization of this potential, however, has been a slow process, taking most of the 20th century and requiring the parallel development of the disciplines of radiobiology and radiation physics to provide the scientific foundation for therapeutic radiology. Another requisite was the development of therapeutic radiology or radiation oncology as a distinct specialty separate from diagnostic radiology. With the introduction of megayoltage therapy equipment into clinical use in the late . . .
Intrauterine transfusion by the multiple-needle technique
Authors: J. T. Queenan
Journal: JAMA (1966)

IN 1963, LILEY reported the first successful intrauterine transfusion of a fetus with severe erythroblastosis fetalis.<sup>1</sup>Instillation of Rh-negative erythrocytes into the fetal peritoneal cavity enabled the fetus to survive long enough to permit a preterm viable delivery. The patient was a 32-year-old woman with a history of intrauterine transfusions done at 32 weeks and one day, and again at 33 weeks and four days. An amniogram outlined the placenta and showed no evidence of fetal edema. Five hours later, premedication was administered and the patient was transferred to the x-ray department. Paper clips were placed at sites on the maternal abdomen estimated to correspond to the fetal peritoneal cavity as determined roentgenographically by swallowed radiopaque medium. With the patient under local anesthesia, an 8-cm Touhy needle was inserted into the amniotic cavity and the stylet was withdrawn. Sterile saline was injected through the needle as it was advanced
Diabetes
Journal: JAMA (2001)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 3723: Fatty acid synthase: A new therapeutic target for pancreatic cancer
Authors: Travis Vander Steen, Li Ding, Yu Zhang, George Kemble, Daniel Billadeau, Ruth Lupu
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Pancreatic cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer related deaths in the United States and continues to be hindered with limited treatment options. One of the current therapeutic regimens for pancreatic cancer often include the nucleoside analog gemcitabine (Gem), while it has been used for many years, the overall survival rate lingers around 6%. New therapies are needed to treat this disease. Fatty acid synthase (FASN) has received increased attention as a potential target for cancer therapy in the last decade. FASN is the key enzyme in the de novo synthesis of palmitate from malonyl-CoA. Palmitate is the precursor other long-chain fatty acids (FA). However, the precise mechanism by which pharmacological interference with endogenous FA biogenesis might facilitate apoptosis in tumor cells remains unresolved. We herein explored the molecular relationship between FASN activity, oxidative stress/redox balance, and the intrinsic apoptotic pathway in FASN overexpressing-dependent pancreatic cancer cells. About 68% of Pancreatic Ductal Carcinomas (PDA) expresses high levels of Fatty acid synthase (FASN), and its expression is correlated with disease free survival. A newly developed FASN inhibitor with excellent pharmaceutical properties was used for our studies TVB-3166 (in vitro) and TVB-3664 (in vivo) and ten different PDX derived cells were used for the studies. Pharmacological blockade of FASN activity significantly increased the NADPH/NADP+ ratio, promoted the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Accordingly, the inhibition of endogenous FA synthesis promoted mitochondrial membrane permeabilization, cytochrome c release, and apoptotic cell death. Each step of the FASN inhibition/BH3-only protein axis could be reversed with a ROS scavenger or the FASN end-product palmitate, thus confirming that the delineated pro-apoptotic cascade likely reflects on-target effects of FASN inhibition. Most importantly, the in vivo studies using PaCa-PDX reveal a significant decrease in tumor growth and furthermore a synergistic effect of between TVB-3664 and Gem. In conclusion, our findings uncover a novel FASN-dependent mitochondrial priming that links de novo FA biosynthesis with the intrinsic apoptotic threshold in cancer cells. The discovery that FASN-inhibited cancer cells exist in an apoptosis-prone state highly sensitive to BH3 mimetics warrants clinical exploration in FASN-overexpressing pancreatic cancer patients. Citation Format: Travis Vander Steen, Li Ding, Yu Zhang, George Kemble, Daniel Billadeau, Ruth Lupu. Fatty acid synthase: A new therapeutic target for pancreatic cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 3723.
Diseases of the Nervous System, Galveston
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal