tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Uterine Bleeding
Authors: S. Field-Richards
Journal: BMJ (1955)

HIV-1 infection leads to numerous B cell abnormalities, including hypergammaglobulinemia, nonspecific B cell activation, nonspecific class switching, increased cell turnover, breakage of tolerance, increased immature/transitional B cells, B cell malignancies, as well as a loss of capacity to generate and maintain memory, all of which contribute to a global impairment of the immune humoral compartment. Several cytokines and soluble factors, which are increased in sera of HIV-1–infected individuals, have been suggested to directly or indirectly contribute to these B cell dysfunctions, and one of these is the B cell–activating factor (BAFF). We report in this study that HIV-1 (X4- and R5-tropic) upregulates BAFF expression and secretion by human monocytes. Moreover, we show that the virus-mediated production of BAFF by monocytes relies on a type I IFN response by a small percentage of plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) present in the monocyte cultures. HIV-1–induced type I IFN by pDCs triggers BAFF production in both classical and intermediate monocytes, but not in nonclassical monocytes, which nonetheless display a very strong basal BAFF production. We report also that basal BAFF secretion was higher in monocytes obtained from females compared with those from male donors. This study provides a novel mechanistic explanation for the increased BAFF levels observed during HIV-1 infection and highlights the importance of pDC/monocyte crosstalk to drive BAFF secretion.
Serum ferritin level. Determinant of iron requirement in hemodialysis patients
Authors: K. S. Mirahmadi
Journal: JAMA (1977)

Seventeen patients without renal failure and 14 patients receiving longterm hemodialysis were studied. Serum and bone marrow ferritin determinations were made at the time of bone marrow aspiration. A good correlation was found between serum ferritin levels and bone marrow iron stores, as well as between bone marrow ferritin levels and iron stores. Serum ferritin determinations appear to give an accurate estimation of bone marrow iron stores, thereby providing a reliable guide for iron replacement therapy and reducing the need for repeated bone marrow aspirations. Serum ferritin levels of less than 105 ng/ml suggest decreased iron stores, and values greater than 120 ng/ml indicate adequate or increased iron stores. Preliminary data also suggest that bone marrow ferritin determinations may be useful in quantitating bone marrow iron stores. (<i>JAMA</i>238:601-603, 1977)
Typographical Error in Methods Section
Authors: Xiaoyu Nie, Soeren Mattke, Hangsheng Liu, Quoc-Dien Trinh
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2016)

explain an error that occurred in our Research Letter, "Differences in Prostate-Specific Antigen Testing Among Urologists and Primary Care Physicians Following the 2012 USPSTF Recommendations," 1 published in the April 2016 issue of JAMA Internal Medicine.Following a query to the editor and statistical review regarding the odds ratio reported in the Figure of that article, we reconducted the statistical analysis to provide adjusted odds ratios.This new analysis resulted in corrections to the text in the Results and Discussion section and to the Figure.The adjusted odds ratios are consistent with the original observed and reported findings; that is, there was a decrease in prostate-specific antigen testing among primary care physicians (n = 1109) and urologists (n = 113) following the release of the USPSTF recommendations.The significance of those results remains the same: the decrease among primary care physicians was statistically significant, while the decrease among urologists was not.However, the result of the interaction analysis was no longer significant, most likely owing to the small number of urologists.We have thoroughly reviewed our analyses, and no other errors were found.We apologize to the readers and editors of the journal for any confusion this may have caused.
Leads from the MMWR. Adverse reactions to Fansidar and updated recommendations for its use in the prevention of malaria
Journal: JAMA (1985)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Cell-Specific Activation and Detoxification of Benzene Metabolites in Mouse and Human Bone Marrow: Identification of Target Cells and a Potential Role for Modulation of Apoptosis in Benzene Toxicity
Authors: David Ross, David Siegel, Diane G. Schattenberg, Xiaoming M. Sun, Julie L. Moran
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1996)

The role of cell-specific metabolism in benzene toxicity was examined in both murine and human bone marrow.Hemopoietic progenitor cells and stromal cells are important control points for regulation of hemopoiesis.We show that the selective toxicity of hydroquinone at the level of the macrophage in murine bone marrow stroma may be explained by a high peroxidase/nicotanimide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, reduced [NAD(P)Hl:quinone oxidoreductase (NQO1) ratio.Peroxidases metabolize hydroquinone to the reactive 1,4-benzoquinone, whereas NQO1 reduces the quinones formed, resulting in detoxification.Peroxidase and NQO1 activity in human stromal cultures vary as a function of time in culture, with peroxidase activity decreasing and NQO1 activity increasing with time.Peroxidase activity and, more specifically, myeloperoxidase, which had previously been considered to be expressed at the promyelocyte level, was detected in murine lineage-negative and human CD34+ progenitor cells.This provides a metabolic mechanism whereby phenolic metabolites of benzene can be bioactivated in progenitor cells, which are considered initial target cells for the development of leukemias.Consequences of a high peroxidase/NQO1 ratio in HL-60 cells were shown to include hydroquinone-induced apoptosis.Hydroquinone can also inhibit proteases known to play a role in induction of apoptosis, suggesting that it may be able to inhibit apoptosis induced by other stimuli.Modulation of apoptosis may lead to aberrant hemopoiesis and neoplastic progression.This enzyme-directed approach has identified target cells of the phenolic metabolites of benzene in bone marrow and provided a metabolic basis for benzene-induced toxicity at the level of the progenitor cell in both murine and human bone marrow.
Vasodilator therapy for heart failure. Concepts, applications, and challenges
Authors: S. A. Rubin
Journal: JAMA (1981)

Vasodilators are widely used in the treatment of heart failure patients even though the drugs are incompletely understood. Vasodilators oppose the excessive vasoconstriction of heart failure, but factors that control excessive vasomotor tone are poorly understood. Possible physiological benefits include more favorable distribution of blood flow and blood volume, but exact effects on blood vessels have been incompletely explored. As a result of vasodilation, preload and afterload reduction can improve cardiac performance, but the role of the blood vessels in the performance of the failing heart is not well understood. Clinical benefits include relief of dyspnea, improvement in tissue metabolism, and increase in exercise tolerance (in patients who have chronic heart failure). However, the degree of effectiveness among various causes of heart failure, different degrees of cardiovascular compensation, and different durations of failure is unknown. (<i>JAMA</i>1981;245:761-763)
Maternal Factors, Medications, and Drug Exposure in Congenital Limb Reduction Defects
Authors: Ursula G. Froster, Patricia A. Baird
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1993)

As part of an ongoing study on all limb reduction defects occurring among 1,213,913 consecutive live births in the province of British Columbia, Canada, during 1952-1984, cases with documented maternal drug exposure and chronic maternal diseases were analyzed separately.This population-based study was made possible through the existence of an ongoing Health Surveillance Registry, which documents all infants born with congenital, genetic, or chronically handicapping conditions in the province of British Columbia.Strict rules of confidentiality are obeyed.For this part of the analysis of limb reduction defects, cases with documented maternal illness, drug abuse, and exposure to environmental hazards early in pregnancy were analyzed as a separate group to identify specific, recurring patterns of anomalies.A total of 51 cases with possibly related maternal factors were identified.Among them were five cases with maternal epilepsy, four cases with documented maternal diabetes, and three cases with uterine anomalies.Three infants, all born in 1962, had documented thalidomide exposure.It is rarely possible to identify particular teratogenic factors or specific maternal factors as etiologically related to the pattern of limb reduction defects or a spectrum of congenital malformations.Exposure to environmental factors during pregnancy is not reliably registered and can thus only occasionally be ascertained in retrospective studies.This means that very large numbers of cases and cross-referencing to other family members are required to assess whether a potential teratogen is related to limb defects or not.
Management of Anemia in Lymphoma Patients Treated with Erythropoiesis Stimulating Agents (ESAs): Findings from the European Anemia Cancer Treatment (A.C.T.) Study
Authors: Heinz Ludwig, Carsten Bokemeyer, Pierre Soubeyran, Matti Aapro, Michael Muenzberg, Matthew Turner, Karen MacDonald, Tara Albrecht, Ivo Abraham
Journal: Blood (2008)
Abstract 2176: Topical delivery of carvedilol-loaded transfersomes for photoprotection and skin cancer prevention
Authors: Mengbing Chen, Mengbing Chen
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Ultraviolet (UV)-induced skin cancer is the most common cancer diagnosed in the United States and remains one of major public health concerns. Thus, there is an urgent need for the development of more effective strategies to prevent and treat skin cancer. We have previously demonstrated that carvedilol, an FDA approved β-blocker for cardiovascular diseases, could prevent UV-induced skin cancer both in vitro and in vivo. However, the β-adrenergic blockade effects of carvedilol might be a barrier for its repurposing as a cancer chemopreventive agent due to its cardiovascular side effects. In this work, we aimed to design a novel topical formulation, namely carvedilol-loaded transfersomes, which could maintain anti-cancer activities but avoid systemic cardiovascular effects. Carvedilol-loaded transfersomes were prepared using different phospholipids and surfactants at various ratios by a thin-film hydration method. Following optimization of preparation, the transfersomes were characterized in terms of particle size, zeta potential, and encapsulation efficiency. Skin permeation studies were performed using Franz vertical diffusion cells and skin dissected from SKH-1 hairless mice to examine the permeability of carvedilol. An optimal formulation was identified to compose carvedilol, Soy PC, and Tween-80 at a ratio of 1:3:0.5. The particle size, zeta potential and encapsulation efficiency for this formulation were determined to be 162.9±9.6 nm, 17.1±0.3 mV and 47.9±3.5%, respectively. Skin permeation studies showed that the specific carvedilol-loaded transfersomes could not penetrate through the skin layers in comparison with free carvedilol dissolved in acetone. Taken together, these results suggest that the transfersomal formulations of carvedilol may have desirable physical and biological characteristics for skin retention and local action. Ongoing studies are focused on further improvement of encapsulation efficiency and determination of its effectiveness against skin cancer. Citation Format: Mengbing Chen, Mengbing Chen. Topical delivery of carvedilol-loaded transfersomes for photoprotection and skin cancer prevention [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 2176.
"The Despised Office of Motherhood."
Journal: JAMA (1897)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
WORKSHOP: H PYLORI - GASTRODUODENAL PHYSIOLOGY
Authors: S Kikuchi, M Wada, T Nakajima, T Kobayashi, M Yamazaki, K Kikuichi, S Mori, H Oura, H Watanabe, R Nagawa, Y Otani, N Okamoto, H Anzai, T Kubo, T Konishi, S Futagawa, N Mizobuchi, R Kobori, T Kaise, T Sato, H Nishi, S Ishibashi, T Ichikawa, N Hirata, K Sato
Journal: Gut (1995)

In order to assess the influence of age on association between gastric cancer and H.pylori a large case-control study was conducted in Kanto Area of Japan.Sera were collected between '88 and '94 from gastric cancer patients aged 20-69 years, who were diagnosed at 10 hospitals, and from screenees (control) in general health check programs in the same area.Anti-H.pyloriIgG anti- body was measured using ELISA kit; Pilika-Plate G Helicobacter produced by Biomerica Co. Ltd.(CA, USA).Sera were obtained from 757 patients (65.9% males) and 1005 controls (50.9% males).The seropositive percentage and odds ratio for association are presented in the Table, devided into five ten-year age groups.Odds ratio in all age groups was significantly elevated except the oldest.The magnitude of odds ratio was negatively related to age
Painful vs painless cost control
Authors: K. Grumbach
Journal: JAMA (1994)

Dr Joshua Worthy is chief of neurology at a large staff-model health maintenance organization (HMO) and serves as the physician representative to the HMO's executive committee. Other members of the executive committee include the hospital and HMO plan chief executive officers (CEOs), representatives of nursing and other staff, and members of the HMO's consumer board of directors. A national health plan has just been enacted that imposes mandatory cost controls. The HMO's budget for the coming year will be frozen at virtually the current-year level, allowing adjustment only for the rate of overall inflation of the US consumer price index—an increase of 1% to 2%. In past years, the annual growth in the HMO's budget has averaged 12% to 15%. The health plan CEO begins the committee meeting by groaning, "These cuts are draconian! To meet these new budget limits we'll have to cut staff and ration lifesaving procedures. Patients
Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia and Autoantibodies against the Calcium-Sensing Receptor
Authors: Jerry Dwek
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2004)

plexities involved in human devastation and the response by Doctors without Borders.It is in the considerable space that Bortolotti gives to the emotions of the group's staff members that the book really shines.Having been on a mission to Afghanistan, I found Bortolotti's account, through his interviews, of the sentiments of volunteers while they were in the field and, even more importantly, after they returned to be authentic and inclusive.It was validating in a way that only confirmation of shared experience can be.The poignancy of the stories of volunteers, coupled with a revealing account of the inner workings of Doctors without Borders, makes this book informative and touching.
From the NIH. Ultrasound procedure for diagnosis of pulmonary embolism
Journal: JAMA (1984)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
THE GENESIS OF ACUTE MILIARY TUBERCULOSIS.
Journal: JAMA (1900)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Error in Introduction
Authors: James Kirkbride
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2018)

Lars Tanum, MD, DMSci; Kristin Klemmetsby Solli, MSc; Zill-e-Huma Latif, MD; Jūratė Šaltytė Benth, PhD; Arild Opheim, MSc; Kamni Sharma-Haase, MD; Peter Krajci, MD, PhD; Nikolaj Kunøe, MSc, PhD
Radiation therapy
Authors: Joseph E. Simonaitis
Journal: JAMA (1972)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Council on medical education. The essentials of approved programs in continuing medical education
Journal: JAMA (1970)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal