tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Phthirus pubis Infestation of the Lashes-Reply
Authors: Melvin H. Kirschner
Journal: JAMA (1983)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> As Dr Kincaid correctly stated, in the case of a child infested with<i>P pubis</i>palpebrarum, the physician must consider the possibility of sexual abuse. Follow-up inquiry regarding my 6-year-old patient disclosed that he had spent the day with an uncle who was infested with<i>P pubis</i>of the beard. Regarding the use of lindane near the eye, as Dr Kincaid pointed out, it can be irritating to the eyes, but it is certainly the most effective agent in terms of rapidly and completely eradicating the lice—requiring only one or, at most, two applications of the cream to the lashes in minute quantity. Awan<sup>1</sup>recommended two applications of lindane cream five to six days apart. Solomon et al<sup>2</sup>advised that the second treatment not take place before eight days, and then only if active organisms can be demonstrated. Regarding concerns about neurotoxic reactions to lindane, Solomon
Bites by copperheads (Ancistrodon contortrix) in the United States
Authors: H. M. Parrish
Journal: JAMA (1967)

An estimated 2,920 people are bitten by copperheads (<i>Ancistrodon contortrix</i>) annually in the United States. The incidence of bites by these venomous snakes is 16.4 per million population per year. However, the case-fatality rate is exceedingly low, about 0.01%. States having the highest bite rates per million population per year are North Carolina, 157.8; West Virginia, 105.3; Arkansas, 92.9; Oklahoma, 61; Virginia, 48.7; and Texas, 44.2. Males had higher bite rates than females, and whites had higher rates than nonwhites. Most of the bites happened in the victims' own yards from April through October. Ninety-eight percent of the bites were inflicted on the extremities: 36% on the upper and 62% on the lower extremities. The treatment recommended includes incision and suction, "the 3 A's" (antivenin, antibiotics and antitetanus prophylaxis), and general supportive measures.
Marihuana
Authors: Richard Colestock Pillard
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1970)

MARIHUANA is among man's oldest and most widely used drugs. It has been eaten and drunk, snuffed and smoked as long as medical history has been recorded and is currently used throughout the world by hundreds of millions.1 2 3 4 The many published observations on marihuana users present a fairly consistent picture of its short-term effects. However, there are strongly contradictory opinions about whether the ultimate effects are harmful, harmless or beneficial to human functioning. This review will summarize present knowledge, — clinical, pharmacologiecand epidemiologic, — describe the legal status of marihuana and comment on the problems of controlling nonmedical drug use. . . .
Effects of Environmental Factors on Perinatal Outcome: Neurological Development in Cases of Intrauterine Growth Retardation and School Performance of Children Perinatally Exposed to Ionizing Radiation
Authors: Tsuyomu Ikenoue, Tomoaki Ikeda, Satoshi Ibara, Masanori Otake, William J. Schull
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1993)
Cot Deaths
Authors: J. L. Emery
Journal: BMJ (1971)

<h3>Abstract</h3> Sensory perception underlies how we internalize and interact with the external world. In order to adapt to changing circumstances and interpret signals in a variety of contexts, sensation needs to be reliable, but perception of sensory input needs to be flexible. An important mediator of this flexibility is top-down regulation from the cholinergic basal forebrain. Basal forebrain projection neurons serve as pacemakers and gatekeepers for downstream neural networks, modulating circuit activity across diverse neuronal populations. This top-down control is necessary for sensory cue detection, learning, and memory, and is disproportionately disrupted in neurodegenerative diseases associated with cognitive decline. Intriguingly, cholinergic signaling acts locally within the basal forebrain to sculpt the activity of basal forebrain output neurons. To determine how local cholinergic signaling impacts basal forebrain output pathways that participate in top-down regulation, we sought to define the dynamics of cholinergic signaling within the basal forebrain during motivated behavior and learning. Towards this, we utilized fiber photometry and the genetically encoded acetylcholine indicator GAChR2.0 to define temporal patterns of cholinergic signaling in the basal forebrain during olfactory-guided, motivated behaviors and learning. We show that cholinergic signaling reliably increased during reward-seeking behaviors but was strongly suppressed by reward delivery in a go/no-go, olfactory-cued discrimination task. The observed transient reduction in cholinergic tone was mirrored by a suppression in basal forebrain GABAergic neuronal activity. Together, these findings suggest that cholinergic tone in the basal forebrain changes rapidly to reflect rewardseeking behavior and positive reinforcement to impact basal forebrain circuit activity.
Risk for perinatal HIV-1 transmission according to maternal immunologic, virologic, and placental factors
Authors: M. E. St Louis
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To evaluate how maternal and obstetric factors interact to influence mother-to-child human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) transmission. <h3>Design.</h3> —Prospective, observational cohort study of children born to HIV-infected women to determine child's HIV infection status. The analysis then compared peripartum maternal, placental, and obstetric variables between HIV-1 transmitter and nontransmitter women. <h3>Setting.</h3> —Two large maternity wards in Kinshasa, Zaire. <h3>Participants.</h3> —Consecutive sample of 324 HIV-1—infected women at delivery, with 254 HIV-seronegative women followed up as control subjects. <h3>Principal Outcome Measures.</h3> —HIV infection status of children, to classify each woman as an HIV-1 transmitter or nontransmitter. <h3>Results.</h3> —The highest transmission risk (TR) was associated with maternal p24 antigenemia (TR, 71%; relative risk [RR], 3.0; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.7 to 5.2) and maternal CD8<sup>+</sup>lymphocyte counts of at least 1.80×10<sup>9</sup>/L (1800/μL) (TR, 50%; RR, 2.2; 95% CI, 1.2 to 4.2). Among women with CD8<sup>+</sup>lymphocyte counts of less than 1.80×10<sup>9</sup>/L, CD4<sup>+</sup>lymphocyte counts of less than 0.60×10<sup>9</sup>/L were a risk factor (TR, 29%; RR, 2.2; 95% CI, 1.2 to 4.2). In women with neither high CD8<sup>+</sup>nor low CD4<sup>+</sup>lymphocyte counts, placental membrane inflammation was associated with perinatal transmission (TR, 40%; RR, 4.2; 95% CI, 1.3 to 13.7). In women with neither p24 antigenemia, high CD8<sup>+</sup>or low CD4<sup>+</sup>lymphocyte counts, nor placental membrane inflammation, the transmission risk was only 7%. Additional correlates of transmission included maternal anemia and fever, but not maternal sexually transmitted diseases. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —Identifiable subgroups of HIV-1—infected women based on maternal and placental characteristics had between a 7% and 71% risk of perinatal HIV-1 transmission. Not only the overall rate of transmission but the impact of different risk factors for transmission appear to vary over the course of HIV infection. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1993;269:2853-2859)
Comparaison du taux de détections des adénomes entre deux générations d’endoscope lors de coloscopie de dépistage: résultats d’une étude prospective randomisée
Journal: Endoscopy (2018)

Le taux de détection des adénomes (TDA) est un critère majeur de qualité des coloscopies et donc un indicateur de prévention du cancer colo-rectal. De précédentes études se sont intéressées sur l’augmentation du TDA parallèlement à l’amélioration des caractéristiques des coloscopes. Cependant, aucune des différentes modifications possibles de l’endoscope (élargissement de l’angle de vue, traitement électronique de l’image, haute définition) n’a conduit à elle seule à une amélioration indiscutable du TDA.
Moschcowitz Revisited
Authors: Aaron J. Marcus
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1982)

In 1924 Dr. Eli Moschcowitz admitted a 16-year-old girl to Beth Israel Hospital in New York City because of weakness, joint pain, and fever to 40°C.1 The patient had spent Labor Day weekend at Rockaway Beach and had become ill thereafter. Physical examination revealed pallor, a "café-au-lait" tinge, and petechiae. Hemolytic anemia and leukocytosis were present. No platelet count was done, nor were blood smears examined for platelet morphology. Stool and gastric contents were positive for blood. Within four days partial paresis of the left arm, leg, and face developed and was followed by pulmonary edema, coma, and death.The . . .
A national study of medical and surgical specialties. III. An empirical approach to the classification of patient care
Authors: R. C. Mendenhall
Journal: JAMA (1979)

A major feature of a national survey of medical and surgical specialties is the development and application of an algorithm for classifying patient care services provided by physicians. The care classification reflects much of prevailing opinion regarding what constitutes primary and nonprimary care. The classification system provides a powerful tool for the analysis of patient care services, since it is based on conditions of access to care, the physician's role in providing the care, measures associated with continuity of care, and a proxy measure of comprehensiveness of care. Furthermore, it is based on the recordings by physicians of actual patient-encounter characteristics and is not operationally dependent on physician characteristics or propensities. (<i>JAMA</i>241:2180-2185, 1979)
Infectious Jaundice: A Correction
Journal: BMJ (1944)

Puerperal Fever and Streptococci Q.-It has utsuially been supposed that a case of scarlet fever in a houisehold conistitutes a danger to a woinan who is abouit to be or hlas beeni confined in that household, because of the danger of puer- peral fever.Is there any evidence that the causative haemolytic streptococcus in puerperal fever is in fact one of the types causing scarlet fever ?It has been suggested that the response to sulphanil- amzide treatnent in puerperal fever and the lack of response to such treatment in scarlet fever indicates a difference in the causative organism.
A phase I dose-escalation trial of vaccine replicon particles (VRP) expressing prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) in patients (pts) with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC): Final results.
Authors: S. F. Slovin, S. Morris, M. Kargman, R. Durso, T. Curley, R. J. Israel, W. C. Olson, D. Murphy, H. I. Scher
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

e15170 Background: Prostate Specific Membrane Antigen (PSMA), a type II transmembrane protein overexpressed in prostate cells as they emerge into the castration-resistant state, remains an immunotherapic target. Its expression is inversely related to androgen levels and when upregulated, may be a target to which an immune approach may be beneficial. In lieu of PSMA-binding Abs, VRP may offer more direct delivery of an immunogenic payload. PSMA-VRP package is a propagation-defective vector system from an attentuated strain of an alpha virus (VEE) encoding PSMA for use as a pc vaccine. The PSMA gene is encoded by a subgenomic mRNA leading to high level expression of PSMA protein and presentation to the immune system. We report preliminary results of a first in human trial. Methods: Twelve pts with chemotherapy naïve CRPC metastatic to bone or soft tissue were enrolled with ECOG status of 0 or 1. PSMA VRP was administered SC at 0.9x107 IU or 0.36x108 IU for a total of 5 doses given on weeks 1,4,7,10 and 18. Adverse events, PSA, circulating tumor cells, and clinical disease progression were assessed. Immune assessment was performed on pts’ sera by ELISA and flow cytometry of serum binding to PSMA expressing tumor cells (3T3) and cellular (IFN-γ EliSpot)components. Imaging with bone and CAT scan was every 3 mos. Results: Three pts received 0.9x107 IU and 9 received 0.36x108 IU. Of these, 8 pts received all 5 vaccines. Four pts were taken off study for disease progression. The demographic features of the 12 subjects enrolled were similar (mean age 69±11 yrs). No significant adverse events or aberrant laboratory abnormalities occurred. Weak humoral responses were observed in 1 pt in the 0.9x107 IU group and in 3 treated at 0.36x108. Additional evaluation for neutralizing antibodies to the vaccine and humoral mediated immunity are ongoing. Conclusions: Vaccination with PSMA VRP was well-tolerated, but no significant immunologic effect or obvious impact on disease progression was noted although immunotherapeutic effects may not be seen for several months. The implications of this study on future vaccine development strategies are discussed.
Base Data Sought on Sublethal Radiation Dangers
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Acute hepatitis in an adult with rubeola
Authors: R. K. McLellan
Journal: JAMA (1982)

MEASLES (rubeola) is a contagious, acute, febrile illness that predominately affects children, although it may occur in any age group. Data in the United States indicate a recent shift to a greater proportion of rubeola cases in older age groups, undoubtedly a result of past and current immunization efforts.<sup>1</sup>Typically, the symptoms and signs include cough, coryza, conjunctivitis, abdominal pain, fever, lymphadenopathy, Koplik's spots, and a diffuse, erythematous maculopapular rash. Serious complications most often occur in compromised hosts, especially malnourished children. Reported complications associated with measles include upper and lower respiratory tract infection, otitis media, encephalitis (including subacute sclerosing panencephalitis), ileocolitis, myocarditis, thrombocytopenic purpura, and complications due to bacterial superinfections. The atypical measles syndrome was first recognized in the 1960s and is seen primarily in young adults exposed to the wild measles virus many years after immunization with the killed measles vaccine. The atypical measle syndrome is distinguished by
<i>Errrata:</i> Vol. 66, Nos. SS-1 and SS-2
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2017)

In the Surveillance Summaries "Leading Causes of Death in Nonmetropolitan and Metropolitan Areas - United States, 1999-2014" and "Reducing Potentially Excess Deaths from the Five Leading Causes of Death in the Rural United States," an error occurred in Figure 5 and Figure 3, respectively. In the last panel of bar charts (stroke), the colors for the left-most set of bars (public health region 1) should be reversed.
International Meeting on Risk Assessment of Occupational Exposure in the Harbor Environment
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1984)

Journal Article International Meeting on Risk Assessment of Occupational Exposure in the Harbor Environment Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 73, Issue 2, August 1984, Page 553, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/73.2.553-a Published: 01 August 1984
Comorbidity of Chronic Conditions and Disability Among Older Persons—United States, 1984
Journal: JAMA (1990)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Reporting impaired physicians
Authors: L. S. Ross
Journal: JAMA (1990)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> Dr Ross' letter raises several questions about our case scenarios, the interpretation of our results, and suggestions for further research. In response to the question about the first scenario, the physician in this case had alcohol on his breath, was abusive on the telephone and in person, and had had similar encounters with another resident. We believe that this scenario raised enough questions about alcohol impairment in this physician to cause the residents to consider taking action. Our consultants who reviewed the case agreed, and obviously the house officers did by their responses in the study. In the second case, the resident had several months' experience caring for patients of an attending physician who was widely regarded as incompetent. Once again, this impression was confirmed by colleagues. We deliberately decided against including detrimental effects on patients in the case scenario because it might have been too persuasive in
Grant, Current Affiliation Omitted
Journal: JAMA (1982)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 18127: The Relationship Between Nonuniform Strut Distribution and Neointimal Coverage After Everolimus-eluting Bioresorbable Scaffolds Implantation
Authors: Takao Sato, Mohamed Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed El-Mawardy, Ralph Tölg, Gert Richardt
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Objects: The number and distribution of stent struts have been reported to affect neointimal coverage of metalic drug-eluting stent (DES). According to previous reports, the thick struts of everolimus-eluting bioresorbable scaffolds (BRS) created areas of low endothelial shear stress, which may contribute to neointimal formation. The aim of the present study is to investigate the relationship between the distribution of BRS struts and neointimal coverage. Methods: 43 patients (50 lesions) underwent follow-up optical coherence tomography (OCT) 11.8 ± 2.6 months after BRS implantation. Cross sectional area (CSA) of OCT images were analyzed at 1-mm intervals. Scaffold area and neointimal thickness were evaluated. Additionally, scaffold eccentricity (SE) was defined as follows: SE = [maximum (Max) diameter - minimum(Min) diameter]/ Max diameter. Furthermore, to assess the impact of the strut distribution, CSAs of BRS were divided into four regions. The average neointimal thickness (ANT) and the number of strut in each region were measured. The number of strut in each region was classified into 1, 2, 3 and ≥4. Further, the ANT acquired in each area was divided by ANT of all struts in the same CSA to describe an unevenness score, and its Max and Min values were defined as Max-unevenness score and Min-unevenness score. Results: Mean scaffold diameter and length were 3.17±0.37 and 19.9±5.2 mm. In almost all cases, pre- (90%) and post- (80%) dilatation were performed at initial percutaneous coronary intervention. There was a significant difference in the unevenness score among regions with differenrt strut numbers (unevenness score=1,04±0.34 in regions with 1 strut (N=400); 0.97±0.25 in regions with 2 struts (N=616); 1.00±0.25 in regions with 3 struts (N=894);1.04±0.20 in regions with ≥4 struts (N=938); p=0.01). Furthermore, a significant correlation was observed between SE and the dispersion of neointimal coverage in each CSA, which was expressed as Max-unevenness score - Min- unevenness score (N=792, R=0.10, p=0.02). Conclusion: Unlike metallic DES, crowding of struts as well as spare distribution of struts is associated with increased neointimal proliferation after BRS implantation. In addition, SE might be associated with uneven neointimal coverage.
By-line Not Included
Journal: JAMA (1984)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal