tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
First aid and casualty management
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1984)

Marathons, half marathons, and long distance runs FIRST AID AND CASUALTY MANAGEMENTRunning 26 miles 385 yards (42-2 km) on roads puts a severe stress on muscles, joints, the skin of the feet, and anywhere that can be chafed and may lead to considerable loss of extracellular fluids in insensible loss-from respiration and sweating as well as into muscles as oedema.Muscle stores of glycogen can be totally depleted.The effects of these stresses and the failure of normal homoeostatic (corrective) mechanisms may produce the conditions described below.These are more likely to occur in inexperienced runners, who form a large proportion of the entrants for mass marathons and fun runs.Runners making contact with first aid staffmay be classified as: Social contacts-that is, those requesting vaseline, a shoelace, a sticking, plaster or even a drink or sponge, who want to help themselves, and Medical or casualty contacts, who require aid from the staff.The casualty contacts may be subdivided into those with topical, musculoskeletal, or constitutional problems.Topical conditions include blisters, skin chafing, wasp stings, subungual haematoma (toe nail bruise), scrapes from falls, etc.Musculoskeletal conditions include cramp, pulled muscles, fatigue fractures, knee and ankle problems, backache, etc.The most common problem is muscle cramp, a disabling condition often associated with fatigue and dehydration.It can occur with both hyperthermia and hypothermia.Extend the adjoining joint to stretch the affected muscle which is knotted up; this is often best achieved by helping the runner to stand up.Recurrent cramps are helped by rehydration and warmth if the runner is cold.Water or dilute electrolyte drinks are acceptable so long as the drinks have been freshly made up according to instructions.Do not give salt or a strong saline drink.The runner may be able to continue after an attack but if cold and wet he or she should be warned of the risks of hypothermia.Constitutionalconditionsincludecollapse, vomiting, headaches, etc. Hypothermia and hyperthermia can look similar and may occur on the same day.Every confused or collapsed runner with signs ofperipheral circulatory collapse must have a rectal temperature recorded (at a depth of 7 cm (3 in) from the anal margin).
Official Call
Authors: Charles L. Hudson
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Empire Rheumatism Council: Thirteenth Annual Report
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1950)

In presenting the 13th annual report of the Empire Rheumatism Council, the Chairman, Lord Horder, described the work of the Council during 1948 to 1949 under the headings of research, education, and relations abroad.In the field of research, he mentioned the investigation into the causes of rheumatoid arthritis begun in 1946 and recently ended.The data have been dealt with by the Council's statistician, Dr. Lewis-Faning, and the report is to be published as a special supplement to the Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases.Another inquiry by Dr. Maunsell into the relation of allergy to rheumatoid arthritis has revealed that there is no significant difference in allergic tendency between patients with rheumatoid arthritis and controls, but that where allergy exists in the former the incidence of infection is higher.An experimental study has shown that the permeability of arthritic joints is increased.The keen interest of the Council in developments related to cortisone treatment was stressed.Among the educational efforts of the Council the well-attended lecture courses for practitioners held at Apothecaries' Hall, and the lecture conferences arranged for hospital staff in various parts of the country were referred to.
Using Cell Replication Data in Mathematical Modeling in Carcinogenesis
Authors: Christopher J. Portier, Annette Kopp-Schneider, Claire D. Sherman
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1993)

Risk estimation involves the application of quantitative models of dose versus response to carcinogenicity data.Recent advances in biology, computing, and mathematics have led to the application of mathematically complicated, mechanistically based models of carcinogenesis to the estimation of risks.This paper focuses on two aspects of this application, distinguishing between models using available data and the development of new models to keep pace with research developments.
Auditing necropsies.
Authors: I Lauder
Journal: BMJ (1991)

The college also needs to look more actively beyond the United Kingdom's borders.In developing countries health professionals at the front line need training.'3As part of its concern to narrow health differentials between rich and poor the college could promote policies to increase the inadequate sums spent by Western governments on development, particularly on the provision of primary care and education.Pressure is growing to develop clear standards and guide- lines for the management ofcommon medical problems and to devise ways of monitoring the effectiveness of care.In these developments the respective roles of specialist and generalist will need clarifying.The Conference of Medical Royal Colleges and Faculties already meets regularly, and there is cross representation on several committees.The possibility of forming a unified "national college" was raised in 1845 and was revived in 1973 with the suggestion of an academy of medicine bringing together all specialties.'4Closer working relationships between specialists and generalists will certainly be necessary to make the best use of limited resources.This implies more joint educational and research initiatives.In 1950 Collings, in an influential report, portrayed a situation of widespread demoralisation and perfunctory care and stated that "the overall state of general practice is bad and still deteriorating."'"His article provided a stimulus for reform.A similar survey today would no doubt show a great deal of progress, but considerable improvements are still needed.
LETTER FROM PARIS.
Authors: None A. B.
Journal: JAMA (1889)

The International Congress on Dermatology and Syphilography—The International Congress on Hypnotism—The International Congress on Mental Medicine. Among the numerous International Congresses that are being held in Paris since the opening, in May last, of the Universal Exhibition, one of the most important is that on Dermatology and Syphilography. The meetings, which will extend from the 5th to the 9th of August, will be held at the Museum of the Hôpital St. Louis, than which, a more appropriate place could hardly have been selected for the purpose. The first meeting took place on the morning of the 5th inst., when more than 220 members, composed of French and foreigners, were present. Among the latter were the most dinguished dermatologists of their respective countries. This may be seen by citing the following names: Kaposi, Hans, Hebra, Neumann of Vienna, Malcolm, Morris, Hutchinson, Crocker of London, Duncan Bulkley of New York, Duhring
Oxidative metabolism in cirrhotic patients with and without hepatocellular carcinoma: Effects of malnutrition
Authors: F Guglielmi
Journal: Hepatology (1992)

Progressive degrees of metabolic alterations are frequent in cirrhosis impairing peripheral tissue and body composition. Hepatocellular carcinoma worsens protein wasting and malnutrition. A normal energy production rate and an abnormal substrate oxidation rate are well-known findings in cirrhosis; however, no data are available on cirrhotic patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. The aim of this study was to measure oxidative metabolism in cirrhotic patients with and without hepatocellular carcinoma and to investigate the correlation between energy production rate, respiratory quotient and nutritional state. Thirteen male cirrhotic patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (8 well-nourished and 5 malnourished) were compared with 17 cirrhotic patients without hepatocellular carcinoma (11 well-nourished and 6 malnourished) and six controls who were age and sex matched. A diagnosis of malnutrition was made if the fat mass percentage was reduced to less than 20% of the patient's body weight. Indirect calorimetry was performed between 8 and 10 AM, after a 12-hr fast, for 30 min (with a 10-min steady-state period), and measured energy production rate was calculated according to Weir's formula. Body composition was assessed by means of the Durnin and Womersley formula. Anthropometry and bioelectric impedance analysis showed no variations in kilograms of fat-free mass in our malnourished patients. Our data show that, when the energy production rate is measured while the patient is at rest and corrected for fat-free mass, the energy requirements of cirrhotic patients and cirrhotic patients with hepatocellular carcinoma matched that of the controls, regardless of nutritional state. A significant reduction (p < 0.01) of respiratory quotient was documented in the presence of malnutrition both in cirrhotic patients and cirrhotic patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Well-nourished cirrhotic patients and well-nourished cirrhotic patients with hepatocellular carcinoma had normal oxidative patterns. (HEPATOLOGY 1992;16:1144–1149.)
Book Review Human Constitution in Clinical Medicine . By George Draper, M.D., C. W. Dupertuis, Ph.D., and J. L. Caughey, Jr., M.D. 8°, cloth, 273 pp., with 29 illustrations and 30 tables. New York: Paul B. Hoeber, Incorporated, 1944. $4.00.
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1944)
COMPARING TWO ECCENTRIC EXERCISE PROGRAMMES FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF ACHILLES TENDINOPATHY. A PILOT TRIAL
Authors: Dimitrios Stasinopoulos, Pantelis Manias
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2013)

Objectives To compare eccentric exercises as proposed by Alfredson with eccentric and static exercises as proposed by Stanish in the management of Achilles tendinopathy. Methods Patients with midportion Achilles tendinopathy for at least 3 months were included in this trial. They were sequentially allocated to receive either Alfredson's exercise programme or Stanish's exercise programme. Outcome measures were pain and function using the VISA-A score. Patients were evaluated at baseline, at the end of treatment (week 12), and six months (week 36) after the end of treatment. Results 41 patients met the inclusion criteria. At the end of treatment, there was a rise in VISA-A score in both groups compared with baseline (p&lt;0.05, paired t-test). There were significant differences in the VISA-A score between the groups at the end of treatment and at the 6-month follow up; Alfredson exercise programme group produced the largest effect (p&lt;0.0005, independent t-test). Conclusion An exercise programme based on Alfredson protocol was superior to Stanish model to reduce pain and improve function in patients with Achilles tendinopathy at the end of the treatment and at the follow-up. Further research is needed to confirm our results.
Age-related changes in total protein and collagen metabolism in rat liver
Authors: P Mays
Journal: Hepatology (1991)

Liver collagen levels are determined by a balance between synthesis and degradation, processes known to have rapid rates in growing animals. We report age-related changes in liver collagen synthesis and degradation rates, as well as protein synthesis rates, in rats at five ages from 1 to 24 mo. Fractional collagen synthesis rates were determined after injection of [14C]proline with a flooding dose of unlabeled proline and its incorporation as hydroxy-[14C]proline into proteins. Fractional protein synthesis rates were based on the uptake of [14C]proline into proteins. Fractional collagen degradation rates were calculated from the difference between collagen fractional synthesis and deposition rates. Fractional rates of collagen synthesis were similar between 1 mo (23.0% ± 4.6%/day) and 24 mo (19.6% ± 3.4%/day) of age. Collagen deposition into the extracellular matrix was extremely low at every age studied; therefore degradation pathways accounted for the bulk of the collagen synthesized. The mean fractional synthesis rate for the total protein pool was unaltered between 1 mo (105.0% ± 7.2%/day) and 15 mo (89.9% ± 6.0%/day) of age, after which it increased to 234.9% ± 33.0%/day (p < 0.05) by 24 mo of age. These results indicate that liver collagen and total protein synthesis rates were maintained at relatively high levels during development and maturity but that protein synthesis rates were highest in senescent animals. (HEPATOLOGY 1991:14:1224–1229.)
Wrong Names
Journal: JAMA (1980)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Pediatric Dermatology
Authors: Gary L. Darmstadt
Journal: JAMA (1997)

This updated edition of<i>Pediatric Dermatology</i>successfully achieves the ambitious goal of its editors: to provide a comprehensive overview of the basic science, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of the entire spectrum of dermatologic diseases in neonates, children, and adolescents. The expertise of an international field of over 60 pediatricians and dermatologists has been assembled into a readable, well-illustrated, and well-referenced text, which emphasizes throughout the nuances of skin disease in the pediatric population. The two-volume text has six sections. The first two are particularly valuable, unique, and comprehensive in their pediatric perspective on the development, structure, and function of the skin; principles of prenatal and postnatal diagnosis; treatment of skin disease, including medical and surgical approaches; the impact of skin disease on psychosocial development; and neonatal and inherited skin disorders. While the other four sections maintain their pediatric perspective, they are organized more conventionally into "Diseases of Mucous
Rationale and significance of patient selection in awake prone positioning for COVID-19 pneumonia
Authors: Ziqin Ng, Woo Chiao Tay, Choon Heng Benjamin Ho
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2020)

<b>Preliminary evidence suggests that awake prone positioning can be a low-risk, low-cost manoeuvre which can help patients with COVID-19 pneumonia delay or reduce the need for intensive care</b>https://bit.ly/2OpwHGF
Massachusetts Medical Society
Authors: Robert W. Buck
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1953)

FRANK HOWARD LAHEY 1880–1953Frank Howard Lahey, son of Thomas and Honora Frances (Powers) Lahey, was born in Haverhill, Massachusetts, on June 1, 1880, and died in Boston on June 27, 1953.Dr. Lahey was educated in the Haverhill public schools, Harvard College and Harvard Medical School (M.D. 1904). The honorary degree of Doctor of Science was conferred on him by Tufts College in 1927, by Boston University in 1943, and by North-western University in 1947.Dr. Lahey's only survivor is his wife whom, as Alice Wilcox, he married on April 15, 1909. Their life together of forty-four years was . . .
Update: pituitary tumor regression with bromocriptine therapy
Authors: E. R. Gonzalez
Journal: JAMA (1980)

The word is out in Britain and spreading elsewhere: Bromocriptine reduces jumbo prolactinomas to manageable size. In the United States, the Food and Drug Administration still recommends use of the synthetic ergot alkaloid, a dopamine agonist, only for lowering serum prolactin levels in hyperprolactinemic patients with no demonstrable prolactinomas (<i>JAMA</i>[MEDICAL NEWS] 242:401, 402, 407-409, 1979). American clinicians generally have used the agent only as a last resort in treating large pituitary tumors, after surgical debulking and external megavoltage irradiation (both notoriously noncurative) have failed. But, like British endocrinologists, American physicians may gradually be coming to regard bromocriptine as the treatment of choice for some of these hardy neoplasms. The most recent British research was reported at a satellite meeting of the Sixth International Congress of Endocrinology in Adelaide, Australia, last February. At that meeting, Alan M. McGregor, MB, MRCP, of Cardiff, Wales, reported tumor regression in 12 of
THE LONG LIFE OF GERMS IN CLEAN WATER.
Journal: JAMA (1904)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Antibiotics in feed still OK
Authors: John Elliott
Journal: JAMA (1979)

Does the addition of antibiotics in subtherapeutic amounts to animal feed as a method of promoting growth pose a threat to public health? Or does clinical use of antibiotics without specific indications pose the real threat—that of inadvertently creating dangerous resistant strains of bacteria? The battle lines in this debate have been drawn clearly for years. On the one hand, meat and chemical producers point to physicians as the culprits in their overuse of antibiotics. For their part, clinicians say farmers threaten human health in pursuit of profit. The Food and Drug Administration, the World Health Organization, and the Office of Technology Assessment as well as many independent researchers all have called for severe restrictions on the use of antibiotics in animal feed. Says Don B. Clewell, PhD, of the Department of Oral Biology and Microbiology at the University of Michigan, "Any subtherapeutic use of antibiotics in animal feed creates
Dermatitis from cosmetics.
Journal: BMJ (1977)

the patients developed gastrointestinal symptoms, and many stopped the drug as a result, though the side effects were not as severe as those from some other more powerful drugs.A 20-30",, response rate also means a 70-80 ,, failure rate.As in other forms of cancer, the era of single modality treat- ment for cancer of the prostate is drawing to a close, and collaborative studies of combined therapy are in progress in both Europe and North America.How far the investigation and treatment of an elderly man with carcinoma of the prostate should be taken must remain a matter of clinical judgment, but it is now evident that all patients with a reasonable life expectancy should be accommodated into a well-controlled clinical study to resolve the many doubts that still exist.
Manual of Hospital Management for U. S. Marine Hospitals.
Journal: JAMA (1931)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Commentaire de travail de Zhu YQ et al., pp. 458
Journal: Endoscopy (2013)

See also: Biodegradable rapamycin-eluting nano-fiber membrane-covered metal stent placement to reduce fibroblast proliferation in experimental stricture in a canine modelEndoscopy 2013; 45(06): 458-468DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1326399
Gynecomastia
Authors: Harold E. Carlson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1980)

GYNECOMASTIA, or enlargement of the male breast, is a common disorder. In recent years, clinical, pathological, and biochemical advances have clarified the nature, cause, and importance of gynecomastia. This discussion reviews these developments and suggests a reasonable approach to the clinical problems posed by the patient with breast enlargement.Characteristics of GynecomastiaDetection and PathologyGynecomastia may take the form of either a discrete, palpable subareolar plate of tissue, easily distinguished from adipose tissue, or a more diffuse mass that may resemble surrounding fat. Comparison of the breast with nearby subcutaneous tissue may allow a definitive diagnosis. The histologic appearance . . .