tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Chemoprophylaxis for patients with colorectal cancer. Prospective study with five-year follow-up
Authors: M. C. Li
Journal: JAMA (1976)

The effectiveness of a short-term fluorouracil chemoprophylaxis regimen commencing four to six weeks after "curative" surgery was evaluated in a homogeneous group of 213 patients with colorectal cancer. In stage III disease (Dukes class C), five-year survival with no evidence of disease (NED) was 24.3% when treated by surgery alone but was 57.5% when a prophylactic regimen of fluorouracil was added (<i>P</i>&lt;.01), an increase of 33.2%. In stage II disease (Dukes class B), five-year NED survival was raised from 58.5% to 81.6%, an increase of 23.1% (<i>P</i>&lt;.02). More striking are the one-, two-, and three-year NED survivals in stage III. The one-, two-, and three-year NED survivals for the chemoprophylaxis group are 100%, 95%, and 75%, respectively, in contrast to 70.7%, 48.8%, and 34.1% in the group with surgery alone. The present data indicate that fluorouracil chemoprophylaxis offers a significant improvement of five-year cure rate of patients with stage II and III disease, an overall increase of 28.1% (<i>P</i>&lt;.01). (<i>JAMA</i>235:2825-2828, 1976)
Cancer Antigens
Journal: JAMA (1972)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
EOSINOPHILOUS BRONCHITIS.
Journal: JAMA (1899)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Salvage robot-assisted renal surgery for local recurrence after surgical resection or renal mass ablation: Classification, techniques and clinical outcomes
Authors: A. Martini, F. Turri, R. Barod, B. Rocco, A. Mottrie, K. Okhawere, O.E. Martinez, Z-E. Khene, R. Sonpreet, N. Campain, R. De Groote, P. Dell’Oglio, N. Grivas, S. Goonewardene, A. Hemal, J.G. Rivas, B. Challacombe, B.W. Lagerveld, K. Bensalah, R. Abaza, K.K. Badani, R. Mehrazin, M. Buscarini, A. Larcher
Journal: European Urology (2021)
Microcytic Polycythemia
Authors: J. David Bessman
Journal: JAMA (1977)

A high RBC count combined with a low mean volume generally is attributed to thalassemia minor, either a or β, or to polycythemia vera with iron deficiency. Among 330 patients with a mean corpuscular volume (MCV) less than 70 cuμ, 35 had increased RBC counts. Of these, 26 had thalassemia minor and four had polycythemia vera. Five had secondary polycythemia (four from hypoxia, one from hypernephroma) with incidental iron deficiency. In the four of these patients given iron, the RBC count remained above normal and the MCV rose to normal. The RBC size distribution curves reliably distinguished between thalassemia minor and polycythemia with iron deficiency. (<i>JAMA</i>238:2391-2392, 1977)
Tropical Medicine.
Authors: H. M. Bracken
Journal: JAMA (1903)

Minneapolis, Minn., April 8, 1903. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —I note your suggestions on the study of tropical diseases, and I note Dr. Ashmead's reply to your suggestion inThe Journalof April 4. I fully agree with you that the American Medical Association should give special attention to the study of tropical diseases. I do not believe that the Section on Hygiene and Sanitary Science is in itself the proper place for such subjects. They should be studied from the broader field of general medicine. At the same time, the sanitary feature should not be lost sight of, and if a joint meeting could be given by Sections on Medicine and Sanitary Science it would seem that the greatest amount of good might thus be accomplished. You will note that these two sections have arranged for one day's work in joint meeting this year, and we have arranged a program
Occultism and Insanity
Journal: JAMA (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Serological evidence of Legionella species infection in acute exacerbation of COPD
Authors: D Lieberman, D Lieberman, O Shmarkov, Y Gelfer, M Ben-Yaakov, Z Lazarovich, I Boldur
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2002)

A prospective study was conducted to identify and characterize hospitalizations for acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) with serological evidence of infection with Legionella spp. (Lsp). Two-hundred and forty hospital admissions for AECOPD of 213 patients were included in the study. Paired sera were obtained for each of the admissions and were tested for 41 different serogroups of Lsp, using microimmunofluorescence-serology. Only a significant change in immunoglobulin‐G and/or immunoglobulin‐M antibody titres was considered diagnostic. In 40 admissions (16.7%) there was serological evidence of infection with Lsp (LspH). Legionella pneumophila 1 was identified in nine admissions, L. pneumophila 3–15 in 19 and nonpneumophila in 22. In 26 LspH (65%) there was serological evidence of infection with at least one other respiratory pathogen. Compared to the 200 admissions without Lsp (NLspH), the LspH patients were younger (p&lt;0.05) and more hypoxaemic (p&lt;0.04). None of the cases in the LspH group had an abrupt onset of disease, compared to 58 (29.0%) in the NLspH group (p&lt;0.0001). The incidence of myalgia/arthralgia was 55% for LspH compared to 37% for NLspH (p&lt;0.03). To conclude, serological evidence of infection with Legionella spp. is common among patients hospitalized with acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. In most hospital admissions with serological evidence of infection with Legionella spp. an additional respiratory pathogen can be identified. Acute exacerbation develops gradually in these patients and is characterized clinically by more systemic manifestations than hospital admissions without serological evidence of infection with Legionella spp. The true interpretation and practical relevance of these findings should be determined in further studies.
Abstract 4581: High endothelial venules are associated with immune evasion and hereditary background in mismatch repair-deficient colorectal cancers
Authors: Aysel Ahadova, Pauline Pfuderer, Alexej Ballhausen, Ian Frayling, Ann Ager, Magnus von Knebel Doeberitz, Matthias Kloor
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract DNA mismatch repair (MMR)-deficient cancers can develop in the context of Lynch syndrome or sporadically. MMR-deficient cancers accumulate a high load of immunogenic frameshift peptide neoantigens as a consequence of insertion/deletion mutations at coding microsatellites (microsatellite instability, MSI). Whether enhanced lymphocyte recruitment contributes to the high immune infiltration and the pronounced local immune response typically observed in MSI colorectal cancers (CRCs) is not known. Here we analyzed the density of high endothelial venules (HEVs), postcapillary blood vessels specialized for lymphocyte trafficking, in MSI CRC of sporadic and hereditary origin. Immunohistochemical staining with rat monoclonal MECA-79 antibody was used to detect HEVs in tumor specimens from MSI (hereditary, n=20 and sporadic, n=28) and MSS CRCs (n=35). Lymph follicle-associated HEVs were normalized per mm2 of tumor and peritumoral area. Mutations of the B2M gene were determined by Sanger sequencing. Significantly elevated HEV densities were detected in MSI (n=48) compared to MSS CRCs (n=35) (0.09 vs 0.02 counts per mm2, p=0.0002). Lynch syndrome-associated MSI CRCs presented with significantly higher HEV densities compared to sporadic counterparts (0.15 vs 0.05 counts per mm2, p=0.025). This difference remained significant when age-matched groups of hereditary and sporadic MSI CRCs were compared. MSI CRCs with B2M mutations (n=12) presented with significantly higher HEV densities than their B2M-wild type counterparts (n=14, p=0.016). Our results demonstrate that a high density of HEVs correlates with the MSI phenotype in CRC, underlining the elevated local immune activation in these tumors. Within MSI CRC, Lynch syndrome was a predictor of high HEV counts, suggesting a likely role of lymphocyte recruitment in immune surveillance of Lynch syndrome CRCs. The observation of high HEV counts particularly in MSI CRCs harboring B2M mutations supports the model that immune evasion occurs particularly in an activated local immune environment. The prognostic value of HEVs in MSI CRCs should be addressed in the future studies. Citation Format: Aysel Ahadova, Pauline Pfuderer, Alexej Ballhausen, Ian Frayling, Ann Ager, Magnus von Knebel Doeberitz, Matthias Kloor. High endothelial venules are associated with immune evasion and hereditary background in mismatch repair-deficient colorectal cancers [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 4581.
Cardiomyoplasty adds muscle to efforts to alleviate end-stage heart failure
Authors: C. Raymond
Journal: JAMA (1989)

AN INNOVATIVE PROCEDURE is muscling its way into the cardiac surgeon's repertoire. Known as<i>cardiomyoplasty</i>, it involves fashioning the patient's own back muscle into a wrap that embraces the heart. Surgeons here and abroad are reporting encouraging early results, holding out hope for the thousands of persons with end-stage heart failure who cannot withstand the rigors of bypass surgery or a transplant. Meanwhile, a more complex procedure—using skeletal muscle pouches to augment, ventricular function—appears to be back on track after initial promise turned to disappointment (<i>JAMA</i>1986; 255:1977-1979, 1987;257:2001). Investigators predict this approach eventually will prove successful, but are still working out the ideal configuration. <h3>European Origins</h3> Cardiomyoplasty was introduced in Europe in the mid-1980s. Surgeons remove a rib, free one of the latissimus dorsi muscles from connective tendons, snake it through the rib cage, and wrap it over the heart, preserving the thoracodorsal nerve and major blood vessel. A
Impact of total lymph node count on staging and survival after neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy for rectal cancer.
Authors: Matthew David Hall, Timothy E. Schultheiss, Jeffrey Y.C. Wong, Yi-Jen Chen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

736 Background: Neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy (CRT) results in fewer retrieved lymph nodes at the time of surgery for rectal cancer. The extent of optimal regional nodal dissection is based on guidelines developed before neoadjuvant CRT was commonly used. The purpose of this study is to assess the impact of the number of dissected and positive lymph nodes on overall survival (OS) for rectal cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant CRT. Methods: Treatment data were obtained by structured query on all patients with rectal adenocarcinoma (2000-2013) in the National Oncology Data Alliance, a proprietary database of merged tumor registries. Eligible patients were treated with neoadjuvant CRT followed by surgery and had complete data on the number of positive and dissected lymph nodes and dates of treatment. The relationships between number of lymph nodes examined and OS were separately analyzed in patients with 0, exactly 1, or any number of positive nodes. Results: The median number of lymph nodes examined was 11 (interquartile range 6-16). In 4,581 evaluable patients, there was a significant improvement in OS with the examination of more lymph nodes. Number of positive lymph nodes, number of lymph nodes dissected, age, gender, grade, marital status, and race were significant predictors of OS on multivariate analysis. On subset analysis, patients with 0, exactly 1, and any number of positive nodes were found to have better OS with increasing number of lymph nodes dissected up to eight. Increasing overall mortality was observed in patients with 0, 1, 2-4, 5-7, and ≥8 positive lymph nodes. The Kaplan-Meier curves showed a clear statistically significant difference in OS in patients divided into these five nodal groupings (p&lt;0.0001). Conclusions: Patients with eight or more lymph nodes examined had the greatest improvement in OS in rectal cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant CRT. This should be considered the threshold for an adequate lymph node sampling in this population. A five-tier nodal grouping was found to best forecast prognosis based on the number of positive lymph nodes identified.
Abstracts
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1970)

Although reports upon the incidence of rheumatic fever in several of the Middle Eastern countries have been published in the past, this is the first from Iran, and it emanates from the Pahlavi University School of Medical (Paediatric) Cardiology in Shiraz.The prevalence of rheumatic fever over a 10-year period was found to be 0 5 per cent., which is higher than that currently reported from most Western countries.In forty episodes observed amongst patients of an average age of 10 years, 45 had established carditis (64-5 per cent.), but very few developed chorea.Of 55 patients totalling seventy hospital admissions, eight died, a case fatality rate of 14-2 per cent.No significant difference in socioeconomic status was detected between the rheumatic and control groups; contrary to the widely held impression that the disease is more frequent in environments in which malnutrition, poverty, and overcrowding are prevalent.
Error in Byline
Authors: Jonathan Kantor
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2014)

Gil Yosipovitch, MD; Kyle C. Mills, MD; Leigh A. Nattkemper, MS; Ashley Feneran, DO; Hong Liang Tey, MD; Brett M. Lowenthal, MD; Daniel J. Pearce, MD; Phillip M. Williford, MD; Omar P. Sangueza, MD; Ralph B. D’Agostino Jr, PhD
Essential Immunology
Authors: Cecil Krakower
Journal: JAMA (1978)

This is the third edition of<i>Essential Pathology</i>. The first edition appeared in 1971. In brief, the text is divided into nine chapters dealing with the structure and synthesis of the immunoglobulins, the instructive vs the clonal selection theory of antibody synthesis, interaction of antigen and antibody in vitro, hypersensitivity, immunity to infection, transplantation, and autoimmunity. Each chapter is summarized and includes suggested references for further study. This edition, like the earlier ones, has all the ingredients of a popular and successful textbook. It is written in a clear and pleasant style and has an enormous amount of up-to-date information in its 300 pages of text. The text is amplified by a profusion of charts, tables, schematic drawings, and photographs. This illustrative material is highly instructive. In fact, by studying it one can learn much of what is essential in immunology without reference to the text. The book is small
Abstract 1599: Determining patient ancestry based on targeted tumor comprehensive genomic profiling
Authors: Justin Newberg, Caitlin Connelly, Garrett Frampton
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Background. Cancer gene mutations exhibit mutation patterns of prevalence that vary across different ancestry groups. For example, EGFR variants are more frequent in non-small cell lung cancer among people with Asian ancestry, and KRAS variants are observed more frequently in colorectal cancer among patients with African American ancestry. Additionally, many histological subtypes of cancers demonstrate differences in prevalence between people of different ancestry. However, many cancer studies lack the statistical power to identify such nuances. The large cohort of patients who have undergone comprehensive cancer genomic profiling at Foundation Medicine may provide a useful starting point for characterizing these mutation patterns across ancestry groups. Methods. To establish the ancestry on de-identified samples, we superimposed SNPs targeted by each of our comprehensive genomic profiling tests (FoundationOne, FoundationOne CDx, FoundationOne Heme) with Phase 3 1000 Genomes data. Using an established approach, we projected the SNPs down to the top five principal components and used random forest ensemble learning to train a classifier on each bait set. 10-fold cross-validation indicates this approach performs with 98-99% precision and recall for the different genomic profiling tests. Results. Ancestry calls were made on over 170,000 de-identified samples consented for research. Initial analyses indicated that classification of American samples was not as robust as other groups. To address this, we trained classifiers on a per-chromosome basis, and re-assigned samples which exhibited less than 80% consensus across chromosomes to an admixture group. Overall prevalence of patient ancestry in the dataset is 75.9% European, 8.3% African, 4.7% East Asian, 0.8% South Asian, and 0.8% American, and 9.5% admixed. From the resulting data, we summarize cancer types that are well-represented across populations, identifying at least 28 tumor types for which we likely have power to identify ancestry-dependent somatic mutations. Discussion. The dataset described contains a previously unavailable set of cancer types to be mined for ancestry-dependent cancer-driving alterations. Those results will be presented. The ancestry classification approach described in this work can be applied to a range of genomic profiling tests, and refinements on this approach can be integrated into clinical trials and ultimately clinical care to better elucidate varied biologic behavior across advanced cancer. Citation Format: Justin Newberg, Caitlin Connelly, Garrett Frampton. Determining patient ancestry based on targeted tumor comprehensive genomic profiling [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 1599.
Lipid Deposits in the Aortic Cusp of the Mitral Valve
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Standard Radiographic Positions
Journal: JAMA (1941)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal