tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Course on New and Reemerging Infectious Diseases
Authors: D Remick, K Chancellor, M Sawka, C Wenger
Journal: JAMA (1998)

DESPITE widespread belief that public support is critical to the success of public health programs and agencies, systematic efforts to measure public opinion about public health have been limited.This report summarizes surveys conducted by two organizations-one a public policy center in California, the other a national opinion polling firm-to measure support for public health activities.The findings indicate widespread support for community-oriented disease-prevention and health-promotion activities. California SurveyFrom September 30 through November 5, 1996, the Field Institute of San Francisco (with consultation by Louis Harris and Associates, Inc.) conducted a random-digit-dialed telephone survey of California residents aged Ն18 years; the survey was commissioned by the nonprofit California Center for Health Improvement and was funded by The California Wellness Foundation. 1 A representative sample of 4803 persons was interviewed.The standard error associated with the results of this survey was ±2% at the 95% confidence level.The percentage of respondents who reported that selected public health services were "top priority" ranged from 29% (for collecting community health data) to 84% (for ensuring safe drinking water).The percentage who reported delivery of these services as "very effective" ranged from 18% (for providing community education and counseling services about improving health) to 37% (for minimizing the spread of disease carried by insects or animals).Selected local and state fees or tax increases were supported by substantial proportions of respondents if funds were needed to pay for what the survey instrument termed as "adequate programs."Most respondents preferred that funds for public health services be raised at the state level instead of at the local level.The sources of revenue for those services that were most supported by respondents were increases in state taxes on alcoholic beverages and tobacco.Most respondents op-posed state surtaxes on health insurance premiums (72%), local residential property taxes (64%), and local sales taxes (57%).Respondents supported the existing state requirements that nonprofit health-care providers fund community health programs (84%) and that nonprofit health-care providers that convert to for-profit status be required to dedicate funds to promote health (82%).In addition, most respondents indicated support for a statewide initiative for a 63 cents per pack increase in cigarette tax (i.e., 72% strongly or somewhat favored the increase).
New Opportunities in Cancer Risk Evaluation Using PCR-Based DNA Analysis for CYP2D6
Authors: Jeffrey R. Idle, Ann K. Daly
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1993)

Genetic polymorphisms of drug-metabolizing enzymes, principally CYP2D6 (debrisoquine 4-hydroxylase), have long been considered influential on host responsiveness to environmental carcinogens.In several independent studies, lung cancer cases are more frequently associated with the extensive metabolizer phenotype of CYP2D6.However, assignment of phenotype has traditionally involved administration of debrisoquine and analysis of drug and metabolite concentrations in patient urine and is thus potentially confounded by concomitant drug therapy and the presence of the tumor itself.The development of molecular genotyping methods offers unique opportunities to obviate these problems and to ascertain the relationship between the presence of individual alleles and disease risk.Preliminary data are presented that indicate that the CYP2D6 wild-type allele may be a predisposing factor in lung cancer.
Future of paediatricians.
Journal: BMJ (1968)

MCOURNALfuture work-namely, the practice of medicine and particularly the care of patients.It might be thought that both these objectives are clearly in mind at every medical school, but the evidence of the B.M.S.A. suggests that they are not.Among some specific criticisms the report makes is its view that there is too much useless overlapping between departments, so that time is wasted on teaching the same subject " with only a slight difference of bias."In addition, while some subjects are taught in excessive detail others are believed to be neglected, and among these the B.M.S.A. notes particu- larly genetics, statistics, first aid, the care of old people, and psychology and psychiatry.This list would certainly command general agreement.Though the failure rate of medical students of 8.8% over the whole course is considerably below the average for university undergraduates (13.3%),' it is generally recog- nized that examinations are at present "unreliable and otherwise unsatisfactory,"' to use the words of the Royal Commission, and that body suggested that a system of frequent assessment should replace the present more distantly spaced and more formidable hurdles.Unfortunately the B.M.S.A. report does not give a clear idea of what students themselves would believe to be a satisfactory test of competence, tor it condemns " too frequent assessments " of factual knowledge but advocates "continuous, progressive assessment."There is nevertheless some truth in its view that too many students feel the need to study the technique of passing, for example, surgery examinations rather than the techniques of surgery.
Rheumatology
Authors: George E. Ehrlich
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
SPEECH SCIENCE
Journal: JAMA (1961)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Phase I study of CC-90011 in patients with advanced solid tumours (STs) and relapsed/refractory non-hodgkin lymphoma (R/R NHL)
Authors: A. Hollebecque, J.S. de Bono, S. Salvagni, R. Plummer, N. Isambert, P. Niccoli, J. Capdevila, G. Curigliano, V. Moreno, F.G.M. De Braud, M. López-Brea, P. Martin-Romano, E. Baudin, M. Arias, J. de Alvaro, J. Parra-Palau, T. Sánchez Pérez, E. Filvaroff, M. Lamba, Z. Nikolova
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2019)
EpiWords: a new online English-Russian glossary of medical, statistical, microbiological and epidemiological terms
Authors: Collective Editorial team
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2008)

Preview this article: EpiWords: a new online English-Russian glossary of medical, statistical, microbiological and epidemiological terms, Page 1 of 1 < Previous page | Next page > /docserver/preview/fulltext/eurosurveillance/13/37/art18980-en-1.gif
First Call for AMA-RPS Annual Meeting
Journal: JAMA (1993)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Aspects of postgraduate medicine. 8. Postgraduate medical centers--Stoke Mandeville and Birmingham.
Journal: BMJ (1967)

Previous articles about postgraduate medical centres* have emphasized that the Christ Church conference on postgraduate education in December 1962 led to an "explosion" in their development.In the Oxford region, for example, the Nuffield Foundation sponsored a number of pilot postgraduate centres at selected peripheral hospitals-at Northampton, Reading, and Aylesbury.As elsewhere, each centre has tended to develop a special character according to its own interests.Stoke Mandeville Hospital at Aylesbury has always been linked with two main interests-the world-famous Spinal Injuries Unit, and research particularly in the field of rheumatism-but in addition some activity in the field of postgraduate education, both continuing and vocational, had been in progress for some
A. C. P. COMMITTEES AND BOARD OF REGENTS TO MEET
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1939)

College News Notes1 November 1939A. C. P. COMMITTEES AND BOARD OF REGENTS TO MEETAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-13-5-904 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe regular autumn meetings of the various special Committees of the College and of the Board of Regents will be held at the College Headquarters in Philadelphia, December 16-17. Matters for consideration and action include the review of the credentials of more than two hundred candidates for Associateship and Fellowship, the presentation of the program for the Twenty-fourth Annual Session to be held in Cleveland, April 1-5, 1940, the consideration of amendments to the Constitution and By-Laws, the presentation and adoption of a program of postgraduate courses for 1940, reports on the future policies and many routine matters.PROPOSAL OF This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Previousarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 November 1939Volume 13, Issue 5Page: 904-914KeywordsFellowshipsForecasting ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 November 1939 PDF downloadLoading ...
Clinical estimation of functional nephron population
Authors: H. Lubowitz
Journal: JAMA (1968)

A careful assessment of renal function is essential to the diagnosis and management of patients with renal disease. The determination of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) provides a quantitative index of the functional nephron population. Glomerular filtration rate is an essential test to establish the rate of progress and the prognosis of renal disease. Serial determinations of GFR can be used to gauge the efficiency of therapeutic measures and to follow closely the evolution of disease processes. In selected instances, the evaluation of kidney size may be important to clarify information obtained from measurements of GFR. The time factor involved in changes in kidney size assumes importance when renal size is made a basis of measurement. Kidney size provides useful information as to the natural history of renal disease. Neither test (determination of GFR or kidney size) excludes the necessity for a thorough work-up and a careful examination of the urine
Cytomegalovirus isolation from healthy homosexual men
Authors: M. Lange
Journal: JAMA (1984)

The acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) has focused renewed interest on cytomegalovirus (CMV) both as an infectious complication of the syndrome and as a potential etiologic agent in the pathogenesis of the immunosuppression. We studied 30 healthy homosexual men in New York City to determine the prevalence of virus excretion and its relationship to CMV-IgM antibodies and to T-lymphocyte subsets. Cytomegalovirus was detected in the urine and/or semen of 11 subjects. Eight of 11 CMV shedders were CMV-IgM positive, but CMV IgM was found in only one of 19 not shedding the virus. While homosexuals as a group had lower 0KT4/0KT8 ratios (0.8 ±0.4, mean±SD) than heterosexual controls (1.8 ±0.4, mean ± SD), there was no significant difference in ratios between homosexuals excreting virus and those not excreting virus. Cytomegalovirus excretion by homosexual men seems to be more prevalent than previously appreciated and may pose a significant risk for sexual transmission. (<i>JAMA</i>1984;252:1908-1910)
Mefenamic acid for dysmenorrhea
Authors: P. F. Souney
Journal: JAMA (1979)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Penny W. Budoff, MD (241:2713, 1979), has suggested that mefenamic acid, by virtue of its ability to inhibit prostaglandin activity, in addition to its ability to inhibit prostaglandin synthesis, may offer the advantage of allowing initiation of therapy for primary dysmenorrhea on the day of initial menstrual flow rather than beginning therapy one to two days before expected menses, as has been advocated for other inhibitors of prostaglandin synthesis (ie, naproxen, or indomethacin). This approach eliminates risk of exposing a fetus to these drugs if conception occurred during the cycle. Lundström<sup>1</sup>compared the pain-relieving effect of indomethacin and naproxen in regard to the day of the menstrual cycle on which treatment was started. Patients who received prostaglandin synthetase inhibitors one to five days before the onset of their menstrual flow were compared with those treated from the first day of bleeding. The overall results indicated that
PWE-043 The Management of Large Sessile Colorectal Polyps: Experience of a Single Welsh Screening Centre
Authors: J J Hurley, J Green, A B Hawthorne, J Torkington, S Dolwani
Journal: Gut (2013)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Previous studies on large sessile colorectal polyps (LSCPs) suggest that management (Endoscopic vs Surgical) and outcomes (complication rates, incomplete resection, recurrence rates) may vary. The advent of the Bowel Cancer Screening Program (BSCP) provides opportunities to study this lesion subgroup systematically. We report the experience and outcomes of managing LSCPs in a single Welsh screening centre undertaking screening colonoscopy within an established local multidisciplinary discussion forum (colorectal surgery, endoscopy, radiology &amp; histopathology). <h3>Methods</h3> Outcome data was collected prospectively for BSCP participants with a benign adenoma greater than 20mm between October 2009 and December 2011 in Cardiff and the Vale of Glamorgan. Each patient was discussed at a multidisciplinary team meeting. Standard protocol for piecemeal EMR or histology suggesting uncertain margins was to cheque the site at 3 months and 12 months post index therapeutic procedure. <h3>Results</h3> LCSP accounted for 3.42% of adenomas, mean size 32.2mm (1.02% were LSCP &gt; 40mm). 33/40 (82.5%) LCSP were managed endoscopically, with either enbloc EMR, piecemeal EMR, or laparoscopically-assisted EMR. Of these, 84.8% had successful endoscopic resection with no recurrence at 3 to 12 months. Recurrent or residual polyp was detected in 1/28 (3.6%) at 3 months, with no recurrence at 12 months. 4/29 (13.8%) of lesions initially managed endoscopically subsequently required surgery. 3/4 (75%) went on to undergo TEM and 1/4 (25%) a segmental colonic resection. Indications included technical limitations to endoscopic management; difficult access or previous attempts at endoscopic resection at a different centre. No significant adverse events occured in the endoscopically managed group. There was a cancer rate (in lesions initially managed endoscopically) of 5.7% - no residual cancer was detected following definitive treatment. Surgery was the initial therapeutic modality in 7/40 (17.5%); 5/7 (71.4%) had segmental colectomy and 2/7 (28.6%) had TEM. No cancer was found in any surgically resected specimen. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Most patients with LSCPs can be managed endoscopically with good outcomes, including a low adverse event profile and recurrence rate. A small proportion of cases may turn out to have carcinoma that was not possible to diagnose in pre-procedure biopsies and thus require further surgery. Our study supports high quality endoscopic assessment and multidisciplinary team discussion as important factors in achieving optimal patient management and has resulted in piloting a change of practise across the BCSP to minimise variation in outcomes. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared.
NIH Renewal Has High Priority
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1993)

e19 levels below levels for the previous year, the news was not all good.Soon after the introduction of gasoline containing MTBE, public health officials and the EPA in Alaska, Montana, Colorado, and New Jersey began receiving complaints of nausea, headaches, and dizziness in workers and commuters exposed to exhaust or gasoline fumes containing MTBE.MTBE increases the oxygen content of fuel, thereby reducing carbon monoxide emissions.On March 11, EPA officials reported data showing a 95% reduction above the standard carbon monoxide levels in 20 areas, implying that the oxygenation program was effective in meeting EPA goals.However, complaints of adverse health effects prompted an investigation by state health departments and the Centers for Disease Control.On March 10, William Roper, director of CDC, reported to Congress the findings of investigations in Alaska by a team of CDC scientists.Roper noted that CDC found measurably higher levels of MTBE in the blood of people exposed to gasoline or vehicle exhaust containing MTBE.Roper stated that MTBE is listed in the Clean Air Act as an air toxic and was once used by physicians to dissolve gall stones; however, this use was discontinued, in part, because of symptoms and side effects simi- lar to those seen in the persons CDC stud- ied in Alaska.According to Roper, the evi- dence of health effects is sufficient to sug- gest that MTBE may present a serious public health threat.Industry officials, on the other hand, support the safety and efficacy of MTBE and have stressed that no current studies have clearly implicated MTBE as a risk to human health.Meanwhile, EPA and CDC have agreed to collaborate on further research to characterize the risk of MTBE.
Abstract 3212: Patient-level pharmacodynamics of response to combined ipilimumab and nivolumab for gastric cancer using a human autologous ex-vivo platform, CANscript
Authors: Vidushi Kapoor, Munisha Smalley, Nandini Pal Basak, Abhishek Basu, Manjusha Biswas, Manas Kumar Mandal, Pinaki Roy, Pradip K. Majumder, Aaron Goldman
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Background: Combined cancer immunotherapy is an emerging paradigm for the treatment of cancer. PD-L1, the cognate receptor for the programmed death receptor 1 (PD-1) is expressed in up to 40% of gastric/gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) tumors. Despite this, patients show modest responses to PD-1 inhibitors. A recent clinical trial, Checkmate-032, demonstrated superior efficacy when PD-1 inhibitor, Nivolumab, was combined with CTLA-4 inhibitor, Ipilimumab. Despite this, biomarkers that predict clinical response remain poorly understood. Methods: Here, with informed consent under IRB, fresh tumor biopsies were obtained from a randomly-selected cohort of gastric/GEJ patients (N=39). We then employed CANscriptTM, a clinically-validated human autologous ex-vivo tumor platform to interrogate the pharmacodynamics and prognostic efficacy (M-Score) of nivolumab +/- ipilimumab. PDL-1 status was determined for every patient by immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry was performed to analyze intratumor CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell profiles before and after treatment, and RNA seq. gene expression was performed to understand mechanistic changes under drug pressure. Results: We predicted, based on M-Score, that single agent nivolumab results in an overall response rate (ORR) of 10%, which closely matched previous single agent results from Checkmate-032 (10%). In contrast, we determined the combination of ipi+nivo resulted in a response rate of 20%, a finding consistent with reported clinical data (Checkmate-032; ORR 18%). Interestingly, we determined that only 28% of patients who responded to the ipi+nivo combination were predicted to respond to the monotherapy, suggesting the increased efficacy of the combination. RNA seq revealed unique features of adaptive immunity in the subset of patients who were predicted to respond to the combination immunotherapy, while PD-L1 status was a less-important biomarker to predict response. Conclusions: These results demonstrate the utility of the CANscript system to profile clinical response of immunotherapy. Our efforts may better inform clinical trial design and patient stratification before therapy to improve the potential for response. Citation Format: Vidushi Kapoor, Munisha Smalley, Nandini Pal Basak, Abhishek Basu, Manjusha Biswas, Manas Kumar Mandal, Pinaki Roy, Pradip K. Majumder, Aaron Goldman. Patient-level pharmacodynamics of response to combined ipilimumab and nivolumab for gastric cancer using a human autologous ex-vivo platform, CANscript [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 3212.