tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
FDA timetable set for reducing use of tobacco by children and adolescents
Authors: C. Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1997)

ANTISMOKING efforts have moved to a new phase—regulatory control aimed at reducing smoking by youngsters, and legal moves by the tobacco industry to counter the new rules. Last year, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued regulations specifying how the agency intended to act to reduce the numbers of children and adolescents who use tobacco. Now this move, described as "the most far-reaching measure ever instituted to reduce the use of tobacco by young people," comes shortly after reports from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention citing a one-third increase in smoking among 8th and 10th graders between 1991 and 1995. In February, the FDA laid out the timetable it plans to use to implement these regulations. On the very day the agency announced its schedule, lawyers for the tobacco and advertising businesses were in court in Greensboro, NC, asking a federal judge to overturn the FDA's moves. <h3>First</h3>
Tropical Sprue
Authors: Frank H. Gardner
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1958)

Absorption of Simple Molecular AgentsAlthough glucose has been the time-honored orally administered test substance to indicate malabsorption of the small bowel, many simple molecular substances are poorly absorbed in tropical sprue. Utilizing radioactive sodium chloride (Na24Cl), Newsholme and French30 demonstrated impaired absorption of salt in 6 patients with tropical sprue as measured by blood levels. These patients had macrocytic anemia and abnormal x-ray patterns of the small bowel after a barium meal, and probably should be classified in the early third stage of the disease. After recovery from the illness this absorption defect disappeared and the absorption of . . .
A Simplified Approach to the Management of Non–ST-Segment Elevation Acute Coronary Syndromes—Correction
Authors: Brian Wansink, Matthew Cheney
Journal: JAMA (2005)

of serving bowl size on consumption was statistically significant for men (P = .02)but not women (P = .17).In the sensitivity analysis to estimate the potential impact of the 5 nonparticipants, the effect of bowl size remained significant (P = .02).Comment.Small environmental factors can have a large influence on food consumption. 4At this party, large serving bowls led to a 56% greater intake (a mean of 142 more calories/person).The size of a serving bowl (or of a portion) may provide a consumption cue that implicitly suggests an appropriate amount to eat. 5 Larger bowls, like larger packages or portions, may suggest that a proportionately larger amount is appropriate to consume.Although this study was not conducted in a medical setting, it is possible that if a physician giving diet-related advice recommends using smaller serving bowls, patients may serve themselves smaller portions.Portion distortion has generally focused on how consumption cues lead people to overeat less healthy, energydense foods.An appropriate area for further research is whether these same cues, ie, larger serving bowls, can be used to encourage people to eat greater amounts of healthier foods such as fruits and vegetables.
FcRL4+ b cells are associated with inflamed bile ducts in patients with primary biliary cholangitis and locally capture IGA immune complexes
Authors: Yuxin Susan Liu, Karim Raza, Evaggelia Liaskou, Stefan G. Hübscher, Gideon Hirschfield, Zania Stamataki, Dagmar Scheel-Toellner
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2020)
American Journal of Surgery, New York
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
HTLV-III/LAV and the monocyte/macrophage
Authors: H. Z. Streicher
Journal: JAMA (1986)

Three important articles<sup>1-3</sup>in this issue ofTHE JOURNALfocus our attention on infection of monocytes by human T-cell lymphotropic virus type III/lymphadenopathy-associated virus (HTLV-III/LAV), the virus that causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. These articles show that a cell with the characteristics of a monocyte/macrophage is the predominantly infected cell in the brain and lung. They provide strong support for the concept that direct viral infection of these organs by HTLV-III/LAV causes central nervous system disease and lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia. Although often overshadowed by devastating immunologic deficiency disease, a high incidence of neurological diseases, characteristically dementia with subacute encephalopathy, has been seen in HTLV-III-infected patients. In the majority of these patients, the neurological diseases were not associated with opportunistic pathogens, suggesting that the neurological disease was caused by the HTLV-III/LAV itself. Convincing evidence of the presence of the virus in the brain was first provided by Southern blot hybridization and
505 Antiangiogenic property of pigment epithelium derived factor in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: K MATSUMOTO
Journal: Hepatology (2003)

Background & Aims: Recent research has suggested that apoptosis could be involved in the development of fibrosis, although it is generally considered to be a mechanism of cell removal without consequences to the tissue. Bcl-xL, an antiapoptotic member of the Bcl-2 family, is expressed in hepatocytes and up-modulated during various pathologic conditions. The aim of this study was to explore the function of Bcl-xL in hepatocytes using the Cre-loxP system and to analyze the consequences of long-term apoptosis in hepatocytes. Methods: Hepatocytes isolated from mice homozygous for a floxed bcl-x allele (bcl-x fl/fl) were infected with recombinant adenovirus expressing the Cre recombinase gene (AdexCre). Bcl-x fl/fl mice were crossed with Alb-Cre transgenic mice, which express Cre under regulation of the albumin gene promoter to generate hepatocyte-specific Bcl-xL-deficient mice. Results: On AdexCre infection, primary cultured bcl-x fl/fl hepatocytes reduced their expression of Bcl-xL and rapidly underwent apoptosis associated with mitochondrial damage. In vivo hepatocyte-specific disruption of Bcl-xL resulted in spontaneous apoptosis of hepatocytes for more than 6 months. The Bcl-xL-deficient mice showed liver fibrosis with advanced age that was preceded by an increase in hepatic transforming growth factor β production. In vitro, macrophages and hepatocytes produced transforming growth factor β on exposure to apoptotic hepatocytes. Conclusions: The present study identified Bcl-xL as a critical apoptosis antagonist in hepatocytes. Furthermore, it offers proof that persistent apoptosis of parenchymal cells is sufficient to induce fibrotic responses and suggests a mechanistic link between apoptosis and fibrosis.
The Chief
Authors: None Jiminy
Journal: JAMA (1981)

The chief did homework with his oldest son every morning between 4 and 5 AM. They would work together on trigonometry or biology—whatever the son was studying in high school. It had to be that early because it was the only time the chief had available. By 5:15 AM he would be smoking his seventh or eighth cigarette and brewing his second pot of coffee of the morning. Then he would prepare his morning lecture for the medicine house staff that began at 5:30 AM. I was not the best or most dedicated intern, and I seldom came to the lectures more than three times a week. The talks usually concerned cardiology, which was the chief's specialty. I am not particularly interested in cardiology, but it never occurred to me at the time because when he explained an ECG or an angiogram, I became interested. The chief was thin and
Active non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and severe fibrosis are associated to dysfunctional adipose tissue and worsen with adipose tissue insulin resistance independently of body mass index
Authors: Luisa Vonghia, Melania Gaggini, An Verrijken, Jonas Weyler, Fabrizia Carli, Bárbara Patrício, Wilhelmus Kwanten, Thomas Vanwolleghem, Eveline Dirinck, Ann Driessen, Luc Van Gaal, Sven Francque, Amalia Gastaldelli
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2020)
Archiv und Atlas der normalen und pathologischen Anatomie in typischen Röntgenbildern: Röntgenologische Skelettstudien an menschlichen Zwillingen und Mehrlingen: Ein Beitrag zu den Problemen der Konstitution und der Phylogenese
Journal: JAMA (1934)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Book Review Sexual Behavior in the Human Male By Alfred C. Kinsey, Wardell B. Pomeroy, and Clyde E. Martin. 804 pp. Bloomington, Ind., Indiana University Press, 1998. $49.95. 0-253-33412-8 Sexual Behavior in the Human Female By the Staff of the Institute for Sex Research, Indiana University, with Alfred C. Kinsey, Wardell B. Pomeroy, Clyde E. Martin, and Paul H. Gebhard. 842 pp. Bloomington, Ind., Indiana University Press, 1998. $49.95. 0-253-33411-X The Kinsey Data: Marginal tabulations of the…
Authors: John Gagnon
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1999)
A NEW METHOD OF BACTERIAL VACCINATION.
Journal: JAMA (1903)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Enhancement of antitumor immunity following depletion of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells
Authors: J. Vieweg, Z. Su, J. Dannull
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

2506 Background: The recent discovery of human CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells (Treg) has made it feasible to develop strategies that modulate the immunosuppressive effects of Treg in a vaccination setting. In this study we hypothesized that in vivo elimination of Treg using the fusion protein denileukin diftitox, ONTAK can enhance the efficacy of tumor RNA-transfected DC vaccines to stimulate a tumor-specific T cell response. Methods: In order to test this hypothesis, we initiated a phase I clinical trial in which patients received a single dose of denileukin diftitox, followed by vaccination with total tumor RNA transfected DC. The RNA loaded DC were administered intradermally using three cycles of 1x107 cells applied in weekly intervals. The levels of regulatory T cell subsets and tumor specific T cell responses were monitored at baseline, during and after vaccination. Results: We show that CD4+/CD25high Treg can be effectively eliminated in a dose-dependent manner, without bystander toxicity to CD25negative cells. We further demonstrate that denileukin diftitox treatment resulted in the selective elimination of Treg without negatively impacting on the CD4+/CD25intermed memory/effector T cell pool as evidenced by ELISPOT and proliferation assays. Finally, we show, as hypothesized, that Treg depletion followed by vaccination reproducibly led to improved stimulation of tumor-specific T-cells when compared to vaccination alone. Denileukin diftitox-mediated Treg depletion resulted not only in increased frequencies of tumor-specific T cells, but also in an increased proliferative and cytotoxic response against renal tumor targets suggesting the functional intactness of the vaccine-induced T cells. Conclusions: In summary, we present the first 'clinical proof of principle' that Denileukin diftitox-mediated elimination of Treg is capable of enhancing the magnitude of renal tumor specific T-cell responses in a vaccination setting. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Congress of Leprologists.
Authors: Albert S. Ashmead
Journal: JAMA (1896)

New York, Oct. 14, 1896. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —I have sent the following to the American Public Health Association. Will you kindly publish in your next number? A Congress of Leprologists and delegates of all civilized governments will in all probability, be convened next year for the suppression and prevention of leprosy. It was at first proposed to hold this congress at Bergen, Norway, out of compliment to Hansen. As the latter has renounced his claim, and left that question to be decided by those who will work for the scheme, and as there is among the present workers a division of opinion as to the comparative merits of London and Moscow, nothing can be said for the present, as to the place where the congress will meet. Invitations will be issued, we hope, by one government to the other governments, to send each an official delegate. These delegates will
Your Coughs, Colds and Wheezes
Journal: JAMA (1949)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Clearness in Medical Speech
Journal: JAMA (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
P26: Using the Vitiligo Noticeability Scale in clinical trials and clinical practice: construct validity, interpretability, reliability and acceptability
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2021)

surprisingly resilient, although this may have reflected the comparatively low incidence of Sars-CoV-2 infection in the region.Further studies are required to determine the impact of COVID-19 on psychological wellbeing in patients with skin cancer in order to plan supportive interventions, if necessary. P26
Mutation of hepatocyte nuclear factor–1β inhibits Pkhd1 gene expression and produces renal cysts in mice
Authors: Thomas Hiesberger, Yun Bai, Xinli Shao, Brian T. McNally, Angus M. Sinclair, Xin Tian, Stefan Somlo, Peter Igarashi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2004)

Hepatocyte nuclear factor–1β (HNF-1β) is a Pit-1, Oct-1/2, UNC-86 (POU)/homeodomain-containing transcription factor that regulates tissue-specific gene expression in the liver, kidney, and other organs. Humans with autosomal dominant mutations of HNF-1β develop maturity-onset diabetes of the young type 5 (MODY5) and congenital cystic abnormalities of the kidney. Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD) is an inherited cystic disorder that produces renal failure in infants and children and is caused by mutations of PKHD1. The proximal promoter of the mouse Pkhd1 gene contains an evolutionarily conserved HNF-1–binding site that is located near a region of deoxyribonuclease hypersensitivity. HNF-1β and the structurally related HNF-1α bind specifically to the Pkhd1 promoter and stimulate gene transcription. Mutations of the HNF-1 site or expression of a dominant-negative HNF-1β mutant inhibit Pkhd1 promoter activity in transfected cells. Transgenic mice expressing a dominant-negative HNF-1β mutant under the control of a kidney-specific promoter develop renal cysts, similarly to humans with MODY5. Pkhd1 transcripts are absent in the cells lining the cysts but are present in morphologically normal surrounding tubules. These studies identify a link between two cystic disease genes, HNF1β (MODY5) and PKHD1 (ARPKD). HNF-1β directly regulates the transcription of Pkhd1, and inhibition of PKHD1 gene expression may contribute to the formation of renal cysts in humans with MODY5.
Plasma Concentration of Interleukin-6 and C-reactive Protein and the Risk of Developing Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Among Healthy Middle-Aged Women
Authors: Aruna D. Pradhan, JoAnn E. Manson, Julie E. Buring, Paul M. Ridker
Journal: Circulation (2001)

P02 Background Inflammation may play an important role in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus. We studied whether plasma concentrations of the inflammatory markers, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein (CRP), are related to the development of type 2 diabetes in women. Methods We conducted a prospective, nested case-control study among a cohort of middle-aged female health professionals free of diagnosed diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, and cancer to assess the risk of incident type 2 diabetes over a four-year period associated with baseline levels of IL-6 and high-sensitivity CRP (hs-CRP). A diagnostic threshold of 6.5% for hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) was used to exclude prevalent undiagnosed diabetes. Results Baseline levels of IL-6 (P&lt;0.001) and hs-CRP (P&lt;0.001) were significantly higher among women who subsequently developed diabetes mellitus compared to those who did not. The relative risks of future diabetes for women in the highest as compared to the lowest quartile of these inflammatory markers were 7.5 for IL-6 (95% CI, 3.7 to 15.4) and 15.7 for hs-CRP (95% CI, 6.5 to 37.9). These effects persisted after adjustment for body-mass index, family history of diabetes, smoking, exercise, use of alcohol and hormone replacement therapy; adjusted relative risks for the highest versus lowest quartile were 2.3 for IL-6 (95% CI, 0.9 to 5.6; P-trend = 0.066) and 4.2 for hs-CRP (95% CI, 1.5 to 12.0; P-trend = 0.001). Similar results were seen in analyses limited to individuals with HbA1c ≤ 6.0% and after adjustment for fasting insulin levels. Conclusions Plasma concentrations of interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein are associated with an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus in middle-aged women. These data support the inflammatory hypothesis of diabetogenesis.
Letter: The Redundant Ritual
Journal: JAMA (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal