tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Analysis of stage of melanoma diagnosis in relation to insurance type and income as an indicator of early/late diagnosis.
Authors: Peter Makram Lamie, Asia Sikora, Peter T. Silberstein
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

243 Background: This study compares the average stage of diagnosis for melanoma by insurance status and household income. This is the largest such study for melanoma to date. Methods: Using the National Cancer Database (NCDB) we examined 299,214 patients with melanoma between 2000 and 2009 at 1,408 hospitals. The relationship of average stage of diagnosis is compared across insurance types and by income for 293,438 patients. Results: The VAH patient population had the lowest average stage of diagnosis (0.89) with the Medicaid population exhibiting the highest (1.87, p&lt;0.0001). The VAH was lower than Tricare which had an average diagnosis of 1.11 (p&lt;0.0001), private insurance 1.20 (p&lt;0.0001), Medicare 1.34 (p&lt;0.0001), and uninsured 1.70 (p&lt;0.0001). The lowest rate of stage IV was private insurance (3.31%), with Tricare at 3.67% (p&lt;0.0001), VAH 4.46% (p&lt;0.0001), Medicare 5.74% (p&lt;0.01), uninsured 10.12% (p&lt;0.0001), and the highest rate was among Medicaid (14.35%, p&lt;0.0001). The highest income category (≥$49K) had the lowest average stage at diagnosis of 1.16 compared to $39K to $48K (1.28, p&lt;0.0001), $33K to $38K (1.35, p&lt;0.0001), $28K to $32K (1.40, p&lt;0.0001), and the lowest income group (&lt;$28K) had the highest average stage of diagnosis (1.46, p&lt;0.0001). The rate of Stage IV diagnosis increased from the highest income group (3.68%), followed by $39K to $48K (4.69%, p&lt;0.0001), $33K to $38K (5.17%, p&lt;0.0001), $28K to $32K (5.89%, p&lt;0.0001), and less than $28K (6.92%, p&lt;0.0001). Conclusions: Overall, VAH patients, higher income patients and patients with private insurance were diagnosed with earlier stage melanoma as compared to those with no insurance and Medicaid, who were more frequently diagnosed with stage IV disease. The VAH provision of high quality care, particularly preventative care, can result in improved patient outcomes such as cancer survival (Landrum et al, 2012). Reference: Landrum MB, Keating NL, Lamont EB, et al. Survival of Older Patients with Cancer in the Veterans Health Administration versus Fee-for-Service Medicare. Journal of Clinical Oncology, April 2012, 30(10): 1072-1079.
Abstract 1942: Drug-Eluting Stents for Cerebrovascular Disease: Feasibility, Safety and Intermediate-term Outcomes
Authors: Nirav J Mehta, Srihari S Naidu
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background: Cerebral atherosclerosis poses risk of ischemic stroke by embolic or flow-related mechanism. Patients with cerebral vascular disease who are deemed high risk due to critical stenosis or medication failure may have annual risk of recurrent ischemic event in excess of 40%. Major concern with currently used bare metal stents (BMS) is very high rate of restenosis, reportedly &gt; 30%. We analyzed current literature to assess feasibility, safety and short- and intermediate-term outcomes after DES implantation in cerebral circulation. Methods: We performed a systematic literature search for reports that evaluated DES in cerebrovascular disease. Data were extracted to analyze baseline characteristics, vessel selection, technical success, and peri-procedure and intermediate-term outcome. Results: Three studies totaling 88 patients, 94 vessels, and 88 stent placements met the inclusion criteria. Mean age of the patients was 61.5 ± 13.1 years. The success rate for DES delivery was 94% (88/94 vessels). 54 stents were paclitaxel-eluting and 34 were sirolimus-eluting. Peri-procedure complication rate was low with 2 disabling strokes (modified Rankin scale &gt; 2), 1 minor stroke and 2 asymptomatic non-flow limiting dissections. No death or bleeding complications occurred. Stent thrombosis occurred in two cases despite double antiplatelet therapy, accounting for the disabling strokes. At intermediate follow-up (6.5 ± 3.15 months), 4 (5%) cases of restenosis of &gt; 50% vessel diameter were detected, one of which was symptomatic. Major stroke-free survival by Kaplan-Meier analysis was 96% at 9 months. Conclusion: Elective DES delivery in cerebral circulation is technically feasible with low rate of procedural and intermediate-term major stroke or death in high-risk patients. Prospective studies with long term follow-up are required to assess efficacy of DES compared to BMS.
Eugenical Sterilization in the United States.
Journal: JAMA (1923)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Postcholecystectomy Diarrhea
Authors: David F. Hutcheon
Journal: JAMA (1979)

Diarrhea developed in three patients following cholecystectomy. Fecal bile-acid excretion was elevated in the two patients for whom it was measured. All three patients' diarrhea resolved with cholestyramine resin therapy. This experience suggests that gallbladder removal may lead to a bile-acid-mediated diarrhea in some patients, and that this condition appears to respond to cholestyramine therapy.
IMMIGRATION AND INSANITY.
Journal: JAMA (1898)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Pill
Authors: Joseph W. Goldzieher
Journal: JAMA (1966)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> As an investigator concerned for many years with the clinical evaluation of steroid agents, I should like to enter a vigorous protest against a policy and reviewership which permits publication of the article by Whitelaw et al. The author states that he is reporting 24 patients "with normal menstrual cycles." In fact, the reasons given in the Table for treatment of cases 4 and 6 are "regulate cycles" and in case 20, "irregular cycles." Steroid treatment is blamed for infertility in case 8, which is in fact a nulligravida. The authors consider amenorrhea following the injection of medroxyprogesterone acetate as a side-effect, when in fact this very property is wellknown and is being applied for contraceptive purposes. The use of an agent in a condition such as threatened abortion is endocrinologically ill-advised.... As might be expected, this report has already captured the eye of the lay press
Misoprostol and Gastrointestinal Complications in Patients Taking Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs for Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Charles M. Grossman
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1996)

Letters15 May 1996Misoprostol and Gastrointestinal Complications in Patients Taking Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs for Rheumatoid ArthritisCharles M. Grossman, MDCharles M. Grossman, MDPortland, OR 97205Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-124-10-199605150-00016 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Silverstein and colleagues [1] describe a large number of patients in their study, yet the cited numbers of severe complications (25 definite events in the misoprostol group compared with 42 in the placebo group) are small. The authors state that the “40% reduction … is maintained in patients with any of the four risk factors or combination of risk factors.” The absolute numbers might have been presented to allow the reader to evaluate these subgroups, but such numbers would indeed be smaller and would not pass tests of statistical significance.Some evidence suggests that enteric coated aspirin ...References1. Silverstein FE, Graham DY, Senior JR, Wyn Davies H, Struthers BJ, Bittman RM, et al. Misoprostol reduces serious gastrointestinal complications in patients with rheumatoid arthritis receiving nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Ann Intern Med. 1995; 123:241-9. Google Scholar2. Grossman CM. NSAIDs and gut toxicity [Letter]. Lancet. 1995; 344:57. Google Scholar3. Fries JF, Ramey DR, Singh G, Morfeld D, Block DA, Reynauld JP. A re-evaluation of aspirin therapy in rheumatoid arthritis. Arch Intern Med. 1993; 153:2465-71. Google Scholar4. Levine JS. Misoprostol and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: a tale of effects, outcomes, and costs [Editorial]. Ann Intern Med. 1995; 123:309-10. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Portland, OR 97205 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 May 1996Volume 124, Issue 10Page: 926-927KeywordsAnalgesicsAspirinDrugsIbuprofenMedical risk factorsNSAIDsRheumatoid arthritis Issue Published: 15 May 1996 CopyrightCopyright © 1996 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Injury of Respiratory Epithelium
Authors: Albert M. Collier
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1980)

The large surface area provided by the respiratory tract epithelium of humans for exposure to microbial agents and toxic substances in the environment makes this organ system very vulnerable but a good early indicator of adverse health effects. However, the complexity of pulmonary defense mechanisms complicates definition of the interactive effects of pollutants and infectious agents. Tracheal organ culture has been utilized to maintain organized, differentiated respiratory epithelium in vitro. This model system permits the exposure of respiratory epithelium to injurious agents in an easily visualized and controlled environment. Effects of individual toxin and/or infectious agents may be examined without the involvement of most host defenses and unwanted secondary microbial invaders which hamper interpretation of in vivo model studies. Further, elements of host immune response, pharmacologic agents and the like may be added selectively if desired. A body of information is being developed on specialized respiratory cell injury by various common pathogenic agents--including respiratory syncytial virus, parainfluenza virus type 3, Bordetella pertussis and Mycoplasma pneumoniae--through studies in tracheal organ cultures. These agents injure specialized epithelial cells in different ways, providing a spectrum of changes against which the added effects of toxic substances could be evaluated at the cellular and subcellular levels. Information on the pathogenesis of infectious/toxic injury could suggest new directions for human health research and for means to benefit the human host.
Air Pollution Exposures and Circulating Biomarkers of Effect in a Susceptible Population: Clues to Potential Causal Component mixtures and mechanisms
Authors: Ralph J. Delfino, Norbert Staimer, Thomas Tjoa, Daniel L. Gillen, Andrea Polidori, Mohammad Arhami, Micheal T. Kleinman, Nosratola D. Vaziri, John Longhurst, Constantinos Sioutas
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2009)

BackgroundMechanisms involving oxidative stress and inflammation have been proposed to explain associations of ambient air pollution with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Experimental evidence suggests that organic components and ultrafine particles (UFP) are important.MethodsWe conducted a panel study of 60 elderly subjects with coronary artery disease living in retirement communities within the Los Angeles, California, air basin. Weekly biomarkers of inflammation included plasma interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α soluble receptor II (sTNF-RII), soluble platelet selectin (sP-selectin), and C-reactive protein (CRP). Biomarkers of erythrocyte antioxidant activity included glutathione peroxidase-1 and superoxide dismutase. Exposures included outdoor home daily particle mass [particulate matter < 0.25, 0.25–2.5, and 2.5–10 μm in aerodynamic diameter (PM0.25, PM0.25–2.5, PM2.5–10)], and hourly elemental and black carbon (EC–BC), estimated primary and secondary organic carbon (OCpri, SOC), particle number (PN), carbon monoxide (CO), and nitrogen oxides–nitrogen dioxide (NOx–NO2). We analyzed the relation of biomarkers to exposures with mixed effects models adjusted for potential confounders.ResultsPrimary combustion markers (EC–BC, OCpri, CO, NOx–NO2), but not SOC, were positively associated with inflammatory biomarkers and inversely associated with erythrocyte anti-oxidant enzymes (n = 578). PN and PM0.25 were more strongly associated with biomarkers than PM0.25–2.5. Associations for all exposures were stronger during cooler periods when only OCpri, PN, and NOx were higher. We found weaker associations with statin (sTNF-RII, CRP) and clopidogrel use (sP-selectin).ConclusionsTraffic-related air pollutants are associated with increased systemic inflammation, increased platelet activation, and decreased erythrocyte antioxidant enzyme activity, which may be partly behind air pollutant–related increases in systemic inflammation. Differences in association by particle size, OC fraction, and seasonal period suggest components carried by UFP are important.
Highlights
Journal: JAMA (2018)

During and after surgery and anesthesia, patients with patent foramen ovale may experience right-to-left shunting, hypercoagulability, and the formation of venous thromboemboli.A retrospective cohort study by Ng and colleagues of 150 198 adults undergoing noncardiac surgery with general anesthesia found that having a preoperatively diagnosed patent foramen ovale was associated with increased risk of perioperative ischemic stroke.In an Editorial, Kasner and Messe recommend further research on the causes of stroke in this common clinical setting.Editorial 446 CME jamanetwork.com/learning Oral Anticoagulants and Intracerebral Hemorrhage 463Non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants are increasingly used as alternatives to warfarin to prevent thromboembolic complications in patients with atrial fi brillation.In a retrospective cohort study of 141 311 patients with intracranial hemorrhage, Inohara and colleagues found that the risk of in-hospital mortality was lower for patients treated with non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants than for patients treated with warfarin.CME jamanetwork.com/learning
Neurological deficits, back pain tied to endometriosis
Authors: C. Macek
Journal: JAMA (1983)

Endometriosis usually is suspected early in the differential diagnosis of moderate to severe pelvic area pain in premenopausal women. But it also should be considered as a possible cause of low-back and lower-extremity pain as well as of certain neurological deficits, according to physicians at the University of California, Davis, Medical Center. "Few physicians are aware of this association, and prolonged delays in diagnosis and treatment are common in these patients," says James S. Lieberman, MD, professor of neurology and chair of the Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation at Davis. Lieberman presented findings in three such cases at the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation meeting in Houston. Right foot drop developed in a 28-year-old patient prior to menses each month and remitted 48 hours afterward. At the same time, the patient had decreased sensation to pinprick in the area of the sciatic nerve. At midcycle, however, she
Bondage, dominance, irrigation, and Aeromonas hydrophila: California dreamin'
Authors: F. Sorvillo
Journal: JAMA (1989)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> Dr Jackson and Dr Meth share a common concern—namely, that so few of the patients in our study were treated with antidepressants. First, our patients had screening psychometric scores "suggestive of depression," not clinically diagnosed major affective disorders. Second, our study was purposely designed not as a clinical trial, but rather as a prospective examination of the characteristics and natural history of fatigued individuals. The patients enrolled in our study continued to receive their medical care from their primary physicians rather than the investigators. In only four instances did the primary care physician elect to use antidepressant medication. This provided a unique opportunity to study the outcome of chronic fatigue after one year of follow-up. The fact that 28% of patients improved during the course of the year provides important baseline data for future therapeutic trials. Had selected patients been offered antidepressant medication simply on the basis of
Letter: Intratracheal anaesthesia.
Authors: J Cameron
Journal: BMJ (1973)

Mechanism of Gouty Inflammation SIR,-In your leading article on this subject (20 October, p. 125) you emphasize the occurrence of leucotaxis after ingestion of sodium urate crvstals by lucocytes.You might also have mentioned the elegant work of Naff and his colleagues,3 2 which showed that sodium urate cystals (but not calcium pyrophosphate) are capable of activating compl-ment with release of chemotactic factors directly, without ingestion by cells.This mechanism may operate in acute gouty arthropathy as well, and contribute to the exuda-e.Complement depletion in animals inhibiPs uric acid crystal-induced inflamma- tion.3I am, etc.,
Die Geschlechtskrankheiten. Leitfaden für Studierende und Aerzte.
Journal: JAMA (1926)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Physiological Observations in Human Botulism
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Acute Oliguria
Authors: Saulo Klahr, Steven B. Miller
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1998)

Acute oliguria (excretion of less than 400 ml of urine per day) is often the earliest sign of impaired renal function and poses a diagnostic and management challenge to the clinician. Early identification of potentially reversible causes of acute oliguria and institution of appropriate therapy are crucial, since the therapeutic window is often small.1 Oliguria can have many causes. Some are overt and apparent, such as septic shock, whereas others are concealed and subtle, such as myoglobulin release or drug toxicity.2 The main functional derangement in patients with acute oliguria is a sudden and severe decrease in the glomerular filtration . . .
Medical Technology
Authors: Prentiss Taylor
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal