tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Meningococcal disease, 1965
Authors: H. A. Feldman
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Within the last two years there have been many isolations of sulfonamide-resistant meningococci from military and civilian populations. This probably reflects the current prevalence of groups B and C. There is evidence that these serotypes had varying degrees of resistance more than 20 years ago. There is no good evidence that group-A strains, which usually produce the major epidemics, are resistant to any significant degree. Drugresistant organisms make mass prophylaxis with sulfonamides impossible, but the treatment of individual patients is not affected. This means that for treatment, reliance should be placed primarily upon antibiotics, especially penicillin G.
Phase II studies of drug combinations in advanced pancreatic carcinoma: fluorouracil plus doxorubicin plus mitomycin C and two regimens of streptozotocin plus mitomycin C plus fluorouracil. The Gastrointestinal Tumor Study Group.
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1986)

One hundred thirty-three patients with advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma and measurable disease were treated with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) plus doxorubicin plus mitomycin C (FAM), streptozotocin plus mitomycin C plus 5-FU (SMF) in the regimen originally reported, and streptozotocin plus mitomycin C plus 5-FU with 5-FU and streptozotocin administered in five-day courses. Respective response rates for all patients were 13%, 15%, and 14%, and for previously untreated patients, 14%, 14%, and 15%. Median survivals for all previously untreated patients range from 3 months (FAM) to 4 1/2 months (original SMF). Predominant toxic reactions were vomiting, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia. Without evidence of greater therapeutic benefit, none of these regimens should be used in the routine treatment of advanced pancreatic carcinoma.
Toxic Shock Syndrome
Authors: Robert W. Tofte
Journal: JAMA (1981)

We evaluated various clinical and laboratory manifestations of toxic shock syndrome (TSS) in 17 menstruating females to define the spectrum of illness. Ten women had definite TSS, while seven who satisfied modified case definition criteria had probable TSS. Patients with definite TSS were younger, and symptoms developed later after onset of menstruation than in those with probable TSS. Overall, 16 (94%) had a rash with subsequent desquamation; 15 (88%), myalgias and orthostatic dizziness; 11 (79%), temperature of 38.9 °C or higher; 13 (76%), vomiting; 11 (65%), diarrhea; and 7 (54%), hypotension. All patients survived, and acute respiratory or oliguric renal failure possibly related to the absence of shock did not develop in any of them. None had a recurrent episode of TSS after treatment with an antistaphylococcal antibiotic, discontinuing tampon use, or both. Early recognition and treatment of less severely ill women may obviate potentially serious or fatal recurrences of TSS. (<i>JAMA</i>1981;246:2163-2167)
Emergency liver transplantation for fulminant liver failure in infants and children
Authors: D Devictor
Journal: Hepatology (1992)

We report our results with orthotopic liver transplantation in children with fulminant liver failure. Thirty-five children with fulminant liver failure were evaluated for liver transplantation. The main causes of liver failure were viral hepatitis (54.2%), drug-induced liver injury (14.2%) and Wilson's disease (11.4%). Children were considered as candidates for liver transplantation only if hepatic encephalopathy was associated with a decrease in the level of factor V to below 25%. Seven children (20%) did not meet this criterion and recovered spontaneously. Six children (17.1%) had contraindications for liver transplantation and died. In three of these six children, contraindications included irreversible brain damage at the time of admission. Twenty-two children (62.8%) met the criteria for liver transplantation and were placed on the emergency transplant list. Three of them died awaiting grafts. Nineteen children underwent liver transplantation; 13 of them (68.4%) are alive without sequelae, after 6 mo to 4 yr of follow-up, at this writing. Four of the children who died after surgery had severe encephalopathy on admission that did not improve after liver transplantation. In conclusion, emergency liver transplantation appears to be an effective treatment for children with fulminant liver failure. Nevertheless, irreversible brain damage developed in 10 patients, and they died before or after surgery. We postulate that many of these deaths could have been avoided if children had been transferred to a liver transplantation facility and had undergone transplantation earlier. We emphasize that children with acute liver failure should be transferred to a center that performs liver transplantation before the development of hepatic encephalopathy. (HEPATOLOGY 1992;16:1156–1162.)
Diet and Nutrition in <i>Circulation</i> and the <i>Circulation</i> Subspecialty Journals
Journal: Circulation (2012)

The following articles are being highlighted as part of Circulation's Topic Review series. This series will summarize the most important manuscripts, as selected by the editors, published in Circulation and the Circulation subspecialty journals. The studies included in this article represent the articles related to diet and nutrition that were published in Circulation and the Circulation subspecialty journals in 2010 and 2011.
Antidrinking Campaigns Target Preadolescents
Journal: JAMA (1986)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Magnetic resonance imaging and different levels of iron overload in chronic liver disease
Authors: E Rocchi
Journal: Hepatology (1993)

The need for accurate and noninvasive evaluation of liver iron stores prompted us to evaluate the reliability of high-field magnetic resonance imaging equipment in liver patients with low or moderate siderosis, given the poor results obtained using systems operating at low field strength in such cases. Twenty patients with sporadic porphyria cutanea tarda and 28 with comparable chronic liver diseases (chronic hepatitis or cirrhosis) and moderate siderosis were compared with 10 patients with idiopathic or secondary hemochromatosis and 10 healthy controls. Plasma iron profile, ferritin concentration and liver iron concentration, determined with atomic absorption spectroscopy, were matched with the magnetic resonance parameters - namely, transverse relaxation time and the signal intensity for a given proton amount, obtained with equipment operating at a field strength of 1.5 T. Hemochromatosis patients with mean liver iron concentrations of 550 μmol/gm dry wt (vs. 10 μmol of controls) exhibited an impressive reduction in the signal intensity with respect to the other three groups, and this reduction prevented any further comparison with the same porphyria cutanea tarda and chronic liver disease groups, whose liver iron level was twice that of the controls. The signal intensity remained almost unchanged in the latter groups, whereas the transverse relaxation time was significantly reduced. Moreover, correlation with liver iron was significantly inverse in the case of the transverse relaxation time (n = 17, r = 0.62, p = 0.008) and direct in the case of the transverse relaxation rate. The transverse relaxation time values returned to normal in five patients who had completed an iron-depletion program. No significant relationships between porphyrinuria (in porphyria cutanea tarda patients) or associated histological lesions (steatosis or inflammation) and the signal intensity or the transverse relaxation time were observed. We conclude that a magnetic resonance imaging system operating at higher field strength (with respect to previous studies) represents a useful, non-invasive diagnostic tool for the evaluation of even modest liver iron overload. Under these conditions, the decrease in the transverse relaxation time is proportional to the decrease in iron. Hemochromatosis cannot be investigated under the same conditions. (HEPATOLOGY 1993; 17:997–1002.)
Editorial: Home therapy for haemophilia.
Journal: BMJ (1975)

earlier had not been made available or for other reasons.Clearly this is a highly unsatisfactory state of affairs-several of the colours for which no A.D.I.s were given are still being used in food.Some addition of chemicals to food to preserve it and to enable it to be distributed in suitable processed forms is unavoidable.But only a fine line separates the use of chemicals for these reasons and the unnecessary adulteration of food for no reason other than profit.Laboratory tests and regulatory committees go a long way to ensuring that we come to no harm from chemicals added to food, but no system of safeguards merits absolute confidence, and if we mind our bellies very studiously and very carefully we will eschew all unnecessary adulteration of food.We can make a start by eliminating synthetic food colours.
Precise Heterozygote Detection Possible in Future
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A Meta-Analysis of Oestrogen Receptor, Progesterone Receptor and Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 Discordance Between Primary Breast Cancer and Metastases
Authors: G. Aurilio, D. Disalvatore, G. Pruneri, V. Bagnardi, G. Viale, G. Curigliano, A. Goldhirsch, E. Munzone, F. De Vita, F. Nolè
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
Commentaire de travail de H. Scherübl et al., pp. 664
Journal: Endoscopy (2010)

H. Scherübl, G. Cadiot, R. T. Jensen, T. Rösch, U. Stölzel, G. Klöppel. Tumeurs neuroendocrines de l’estomac en augmentation: petite tumeur, petit problème
Hepatic extraction of organic anions in the rat depends on ligand hydrophobicity
Authors: H Tokumo
Journal: Hepatology (1991)

Non-bile-salt cholephilic organic anions are efficiently taken up by the liver. Recent work from our group has suggested the possible importance of relative hydrophobicity among various organic anions in hepatic uptake. To further validate and clarify this, we studied hepatic extraction of five different cholephilic dyes using the isolated perfused rat liver in single-pass mode. Albumin binding affinities and capacities for each of the ligands were measured in vitro to permit evaluation of in vivo interactions for each of them over a spectrum of unbound ligand concentrations. As expected, a strong positive correlation was found between ligand hydrophobicity and the relative degree of albumin binding affinity and capacity. Using appropriate experimental conditions, we also found a strong positive correlation between hepatic extraction efficiency for a given ligand and both its hydrophobicity and its unbound concentration. These data indicate that where the unbound ligand concentration is significant, the greater the ligand hydrophobicity, the greater is its efficiency of hepatic extraction. We conclude that hepatic extraction efficiency for non-bile-salt cholephilic organic anions depends on a combination of ligand hydrophilic/hydrophobic balance and the availability of the unbound ligand for uptake. (HEPATOLOGY 1991;13:62–67).
An Inverse Relationship Between Perceived Harm and Participation Willingness in Schizophrenia Research Protocols
Authors: Laura Roberts
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2006)

Objective: This study attempted to clarify how people with schizophrenia evaluate the potential harm associated with various research-related procedures and how these assessments relate to participation willingness. Method: The authors conducted a semistructured interview among participants with schizophrenia. Results: Sixty participants with schizophrenia rated four procedures as harmful (e.g., symptom induction), five procedures as moderately harmful (e.g., being given a placebo), and six procedures as not harmful (e.g., undergoing a physical examination). Rated willingness to participate was inversely related to the participants’ perceptions of harmfulness for all procedures. Conclusions: In this study, people living with schizophrenia perceived different research procedures as posing different levels of possible harm. Potential harm appears to be an important consideration in protocol enrollment decisions. This work reaffirms the value of clarifying the strengths of seriously ill people who may choose to participate in research.
Self-Reported Asthma Prevalence Among Adults—United States, 2000
Journal: JAMA (2001)

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways characterized by episodes of wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and cough and is among the most common chronic diseases in the United States, affecting approximately 10.2 million adults during 1996. Direct and indirect costs associated with asthma during 1998 were an estimated $12.7 billion. Despite the prevalence and associated costs of asthma, state-specific data have not been available. This report summarizes state asthma prevalence data collected from the 2000 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) survey, which indicated that approximately 7.2% of adults residing in the United States reported having asthma. This is the first state-specific asthma prevalence data available for all 50 states. Continued use of the BRFSS asthma questions will allow state health departments to monitor trends in asthma prevalence and to provide data to direct asthma management.
NEWSPAPER ENTERPRISE.
Journal: JAMA (1901)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Editor, 'The British Journal of Dermatology'.
Authors: G. H. Findlay
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1965)

Journal Article The Editor, ‘The British Journal of Dermatology‘. Get access G. H. Findlay G. H. Findlay Pretoria Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 77, Issue 12, 1 December 1965, Pages 666–667, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1965.tb14600.x Published: 01 December 1965
Online CME to Begin in Mid-2003
Authors: Jon Lundberg, Matteo Sofia, Lars Lundblad, Eddie Weitzberg
Journal: JAMA (2003)

obstructed sinuses bilaterally in all patients.Interestingly, one of the patients had surgery during the course of this study, and in this patient nasal nitric oxide levels increased during humming to almost normal levels 2 weeks after the operation (data not shown).It is possible that it is the actual production of nitric oxide that is reduced in the patients with nasal polyposis.However, this seems less likely since nasal nitric oxide levels during quiet breathing were not significantly reduced in the patients in this study.Also, in an earlier study, levels of nasal nitric oxide were only somewhat lower in patients with nonallergic polyposis and normal in those with allergic polyposis. 6Although the humming test presented here appears promising, it should not be used in the clinical situation until further studies establish its sensitivity and specificity.
MULES' OPERATION.
Authors: FRANK C. TODD
Journal: JAMA (1901)

The operation of evisceration was devised by Graefe in 1884, his object being to prevent death from meningitis following removal of suppurating globes; and by Mules of Manchester, England, at about the same time, his object being to prevent sympathetic ophthalmitis which occasionally follows enucleation. Since which time this operation has been urged by some surgeons as furnishing a more suitable stump for prothesis. In 1885 Mr. Mules devised and executed the operation which bears his name. This consists in ordinary evisceration, including ablation of the cornea and the insertion of an artificial vitreous. In 1886 Mr. Adams Frost of London practiced the insertion of a glass ball immediately after enucleation; his method was as follows: After incising the conjunctiva all around the cornea the tendons of the recti were secured by sutures, then enucleation followed with the insertion of the globe, after which the sutured tendons were fastened and
PERNICIOUS ANEMIA WITH UNUSUALLY LONG REMISSION
Journal: JAMA (1925)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Targeting MEF2D-fusion Oncogenic Transcriptional Circuitries in B-cell Precursor Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Authors: Shinobu Tsuzuki, Takahiko Yasuda, Shinya Kojima, Masahito Kawazu, Koshi Akahane, Takeshi Inukai, Masue Imaizumi, Takanobu Morishita, Koichi Miyamura, Toshihide Ueno, Sivasundaram Karnan, Akinobu Ota, Toshinori Hyodo, Hiroyuki Konishi, Masashi Sanada, Hirokazu Nagai, Keizo Horibe, Akihiro Tomita, Kyogo Suzuki, Hideki Muramatsu, Yoshiyuki Takahashi, Yasushi Miyazaki, Itaru Matsumura, Hitoshi Kiyoi, Yoshitaka Hosokawa, Hiroyuki Mano, Fumihiko Hayakawa
Journal: Blood Cancer Discovery (2020)

<h3></h3> The cellular context that integrates gene expression, signaling, and metabolism dictates the oncogenic behavior and shapes the treatment responses in distinct cancer types. Although chimeric fusion proteins involving transcription factors (TF) are hallmarks of many types of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), therapeutically targeting the fusion proteins is a challenge. In this work, we characterize the core regulatory circuitry (CRC; interconnected autoregulatory loops of TFs) of B-ALL involving MEF2D-fusions and identify MEF2D-fusion and SREBF1 TFs as crucial CRC components. By gene silencing and pharmacologic perturbation, we reveal that the CRC integrates the pre-B-cell receptor (BCR) and lipid metabolism to maintain itself and govern malignant phenotypes. Small-molecule inhibitors of pre-BCR signaling and lipid biosynthesis disrupt the CRC and silence the MEF2D fusion in cell culture and show therapeutic efficacy in xenografted mice. Therefore, pharmacologic disruption of CRC presents a potential therapeutic strategy to target fusion protein–driven leukemia. <h3>Significance:</h3> Cancer type–specific gene expression is governed by transcription factors involved in a highly interconnected autoregulatory loop called CRC. Here, we characterized fusion protein–driven CRC and identified its pharmacologic vulnerabilities, opening therapeutic avenues to indirectly target fusion-driven leukemia by disrupting its CRC. <i>See related commentary by Sadras and Müschen, p. 18</i>. <i>This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 5</i>
Editorial: To practice and to preach
Authors: S. Vaisrub
Journal: JAMA (1974)

Old newspaper and magazine advertisements may tell us more about the past than accredited historical texts, as instanced by the following: WANTED, for a family who have bad health, a sober, steady person, in the capacity of doctor, surgeon, apothecary, and man-midwife: He must occasionally act in the capacity of butler, and dress hair and wigs: He will be required to read prayers occasionally, and a sermon every Sunday evening. The reason for this advertisement is, that the family cannot any longer afford the expences of the physical tribe, and wish to be at a certain expence. A good salary will be given. N.B. He will have liberty to turn a penny in any branch of his profession when not wanted in the family. (<i>Bath Chronicle</i>, Thursday March 20, 1777, reprinted in<i>Lancet</i>2:985-986, Nov 15, 1952) This glimpse of England two centuries ago reveals an ideal "set up" for