tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
From the Centers for Disease Control. Cigarette smoking bans in county jails
Journal: JAMA (1992)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Re-trafficking of hERG reverses long QT syndrome 2 phenotype in human iPS-derived cardiomyocytes
Authors: Ashish Mehta, Glen Lester Sequiera, Chrishan J.A. Ramachandra, Yuliansa Sudibyo, Yingying Chung, Jingwei Sheng, Keng Yean Wong, Teng Hong Tan, Philip Wong, Reginald Liew, Winston Shim
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2014)

Long QT syndrome 2 (LQTS2) caused by missense mutations in hERG channel is clinically associated with abnormally prolonged ventricular repolarization and sudden cardiac deaths. Modelling monogenic arrhythmogenic diseases using human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) offers unprecedented mechanistic insights into disease pathogenesis. We utilized LQTS2-hiPSC-derived cardiomyocytes (CMs) to elucidate pathological changes and to demonstrate reversal of LQTS2 phenotype in a therapeutic intervention using a pharmacological agent, (N-[N-(N-acetyl-l-leucyl)-l-leucyl]-l-norleucine) (ALLN). We generated LQTS2-specific CMs (A561V missense mutation in KCNH2) from iPSCs using the virus-free reprogramming method. These CMs recapitulate dysfunction of hERG potassium channel with diminished IKr currents, prolonged repolarization durations, and elevated arrhythmogenesis due to reduced membrane localization of glycosylated/mature hERG. Dysregulated expression of folding chaperones and processing proteasomes coupled with sequestered hERG in the endoplasmic reticulum confirmed trafficking-induced disease manifestation. Treatment with ALLN, not only increased membrane localization of mature hERG but also reduced repolarization, increased IKr currents and reduced arrhythmogenic events. Diverged from biophysical interference of hERG channel, our results show that modulation of chaperone proteins could be therapeutic in LQTS2 treatment. Our in vitro study shows an alternative approach to rescue diseased LQTS2 phenotype via corrective re-trafficking therapy using a small chemical molecule, such as ALLN. This potentially novel approach may have ramifications in other clinically relevant trafficking disorders.
Pancreatic endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
Authors: R. Kozarek
Journal: Endoscopy (2010)

Some good studies as well as meta-analyses have demonstrated that prophylactic stent placement in patients at high risk for developing postendoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) pancreatitis (PEP) decreases the risk of this complication [2] [3] [4] [5]. What is uncertain, however, is whether short unflanged 5-Fr prostheses and 3-Fr long prostheses have comparable efficacy and spontaneous migration rates. A previous retrospective study from Indianapolis suggested that patients who had 3-Fr stents placed had decreased, albeit not statistically significant, rates of pancreatitis and higher rates of spontaneous stent migration precluding the need for additional endoscopic manipulation.
Are racial differences in obesity and insulin resistance related to aggressive breast cancer?
Authors: Emily Gallagher, Derek Leroith, Sheldon M. Feldman, Elisa R. Port, Neil Friedman, Susan K. Boolbol, Brigid K. Killelea, Lydia Choi, Kezhen Fei, Rebeca Franco, Daliz Cruz, Nina A. Bickell
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2018)

12125 Background: Black women are more likely to die of breast cancer and develop more aggressive subtypes than white women. Black women are also more likely to be obese and have insulin resistance than white women. Insulin resistance has been associated with faster tumor growth but has not been studied as a potential mediator of racial disparities in women with breast cancer. We hypothesized that black women would present with more aggressive breast cancer and this would be associated with obesity and insulin resistance. Methods: We recruited 810 (83% white, 17% black) women with new primary breast cancer, measured fasting blood glucose and insulin, body mass index (BMI), triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) & Nottingham prognostic index (NPI). We classified aggressive breast cancer as NPI > 4.4. We calculated insulin resistance scores (HOMA) and classified insulin resistance as HOMA > 2.8. Patients self-identified race. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) of insulin receptors (IR) was performed on a subset of tumor specimens (N = 181). Results: Of 810 women, average age was 58 years (sd = 12.2). 293 (37%) were stage 2+ at time of diagnosis; 18% had an NPI > 4.4. Black women presented with higher stage of cancer than white women (stage 2+: 48% vs 35%; p = 0.004), were more insulin resistant (18% vs 11%, p = 0.03), had higher BMI (31.1kg/m2 vs 26.7 kg/m2; p < .0001), and NPI scores (4.0 vs 3.6; p < .05). Black women had more TNBC than white women (17% vs 6%, p = 0.0001). HOMA score was not associated with NPI score (r = 0.06; p = 0.12). IR expression was intermediate or highly expressed in 79% of cancers in black women & 51% in white women (p = 0.004) but was not significantly related to NPI > 4.4 (66% vs 54%; p = 0.2). Conclusions: In women with newly diagnosed breast cancer, black women are more likely to be obese, have higher HOMA & NPI scores than white women. While these data are consistent with the hypothesized relationship of hyperinsulinemia promoting more aggressive breast cancer, to date, insulin resistance does not appear to mediate the effect of race and poor prognostic breast cancer.
Distinct and Nonredundant In Vivo Functions of TNF Produced by T Cells and Macrophages/NeutrophilsProtective and Deleterious Effects
Authors: S GRIVENNIKOV, A TUMANOV, D LIEPINSH, A KRUGLOV, B MARAKUSHA, A SHAKHOV, T MURAKAMI, L DRUTSKAYA, I FORSTER, B CLAUSEN
Journal: Immunity (2005)
Increased atrial vulnerability to tachyarrhythmias in the aged rat Hideki Hayashi, Charles Wang, Toshihiko Ohara, Chikaya Omichi, Shengmei Zhou, Yasushi Miyauchi, Peng-Sheng Chen, Hrayr S. Karagueuzian. Cedars-Sinai Medical Center and UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Cellular radiation dosimetry and its implications for estimation of radiation risks. Illustrative results with technetium 99m-labeled microspheres and macroaggregates
Authors: G M Makrigiorgos, S J Adelstein, A I Kassis
Journal: JAMA (1990)

Radiation absorbed doses at the cellular level were calculated for routine, human lung perfusion examinations after the intravenous injection of technetium 99m-labeled microspheres or macroaggregated albumin. In such studies, more than 90% of these particles are trapped in the precapillary arterioles of the lung, resulting in an extremely inhomogeneous distribution of radionuclide. We used a computer program that accounted for the inhomogeneity of radiopharmaceutical distribution and calculated the dose to individual lung cells. Absorbed doses to individual lung cells were found to vary by a factor of about 30,000. We believe that such findings call for a reevaluation of the justification for dosimetry at the organ level and an examination of the implications of absorbed doses calculated at the cellular level for the estimation of radiation risks.
Clinical Lectures on Stricture of the Urethra and Enlargement of the Prostate.
Journal: JAMA (1901)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Communicating End-of-Life Decisions
Authors: Ethan A. Halm
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1998)

Letters15 February 1998Communicating End-of-Life DecisionsEthan A. Halm, MD, MPHEthan A. Halm, MD, MPHMount Sinai Medical Center; New York, NY 10029Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-128-4-199802150-00019 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Hofmann and colleagues [1] have made a valuable contribution to the understanding of the complex determinants of poor physician–patient communication. Many have assumed that the low rates of advance directive orders in hospitalized patients are attributable to physician paternalism, lack of training, or inadequate resolve to discuss difficult end-of-life issues. I was struck by the authors' finding that most patients did not desire discussion of preferences for cardiopulmonary resuscitation (58%) or prolonged mechanical ventilation (80%). These were sick patients at risk for poor outcomes, most of whom were already participating in critical health care decisions. Yet, they ...References1. Hofmann JC, Wengner NS, Davis RB, Teno J, Connors AF Jr, Desbiens N, et al. Patient preferences for communication with physicians about end-of-life decisions. Ann Intern Med. 1997; 127; 1-12. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Mount Sinai Medical Center; New York, NY 10029 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 February 1998Volume 128, Issue 4Page: 319KeywordsCardiopulmonary resuscitationClinical trialsHealth carePatient advocacyVentilators Issue Published: 15 February 1998 CopyrightCopyright © 1998 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
SYSTEMATIC COLD BATHING IN THE TREATMENT OF TYPHOID FEVER.
Journal: JAMA (1897)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Medical Applications of Fetal Tissue Transplantation
Journal: JAMA (1990)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Iron and uroporphyrin in hepatocytes of inbred mice in experimental porphyria: A biochemical and morphological study
Authors: P Siersema
Journal: Hepatology (1991)

Hexachlorobenzene-induced porphyria is iron dependent and characterized by the decreased activity of uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase and the accumulation of porphyrins in the liver. To examine the relationship between iron and porphyrins in liver tissue, we performed a biochemical and morphological (histological, ultrastructural and morphometrical) study in the livers of C57BL/10 mice. Mice were treated with hexachlorobenzene, iron dextran or the combination of hexachlorobenzene and iron dextran. An accumulation of porphyrins and an increased total iron content were found not only in the livers of mice treated with hexachlorobenzene and iron dextran but also in mice treated with iron dextran alone. In contrast, the amount of porphyrins was only slightly increased in the livers of mice treated with hexachlorobenzene alone. Needle-like structures, representing uroporphyrin crystals, were observed, histologically and ultrastructurally, in hepatocytes of mice treated with hexachlorobenzene and iron dextran and with iron dextran alone. Uroporphyrin crystals and ferritin iron were found in the same hepatocyte. A single uroporphyrin crystal, surrounded by ferritin iron, was observed in a hepatocyte of a mouse treated with hexachlorobenzene alone. Both in the livers of mice treated with hexachlorobenzene and iron dextran and in the livers of mice treated with iron dextran alone, morphometrical analysis showed that an increased area fraction of uroporphyrin crystals was associated with an increased area fraction of ferritin iron in hepatocytes. Conclusions: In C57BL/10 mice, experimental porphyria can be induced by iron overload alone; uroporphyrin crystals and ferritin iron are located in the same hepatocyte; and the morphological co-occurrence of uroporphyrin crystals and ferritin iron in hepatocytes suggests a role for iron (as ferritin) in the pathogenesis of porphyria. (HEPATOLOGY 1991;14:1179–1188.)
Drug testing upheld, decried; physicians asked to help decide
Authors: M. F. Goldsmith
Journal: JAMA (1988)

"EXTRAORDINARY INTRUSION" is the way mass urine screening of employees for drugs of abuse is regarded by John P. Morgan, MD, director of pharmacology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, City University of New York. "Inappropriate, tarted-up numbers are being cited as if they were scientific data to support policy," he charged. Morgan spoke at the first scientific consensus conference on "Clinical Pharmacologic Implications of Urine Screening for Illicit Substances of Abuse," held recently in San Diego in conjunction with the annual meeting of the American Society for Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics (ASCPT). He represents one side of a controversy that is no closer to being resolved today than it was before the experts assembled to conduct a scientific review of the evidence. The other side is represented with statements such as, "Drug testing prevents drug abuse when it is part of a company's whole drug-control program." That is the opinion
COTTAGE-HOSPITAL OR ASYLUM CURE FOR EPILEPTICS.
Journal: JAMA (1892)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Family Practice
Authors: Lawrence L. Hirsch
Journal: JAMA (1973)

The appearance of this book is a long awaited event. There has been a clamoring for a text in this new specialty, and, after many people speculated as to the appropriate form and content, the authors presented an unusual, if not unique, response to the demand. The first part of the book, titled "The Family Unit," attempts to describe family structure, function, psychodynamics, and sociocultural influences. For medical students and physicians whose collegiate schedule did not permit the luxury of a liberal education, this section is an excellent outline to guide further reading. In the part labeled "Community Medicine," the editors have shown keen awareness of recent health care activity and, in effect, have redefined community medicine. In addition to the usual subjects of preventive medicine, epidemiology, and genetics, there are chapters on ecological medicine, health maintenance, and the management of chronic illness. The discussion on utilization of community resources
Polymyalgia Rheumatica
Authors: Eric L. Matteson, Christian Dejaco
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2017)

This issue provides a clinical overview of polymyalgia rheumatica, focusing on risk factors, diagnosis, treatment, and practice improvement. The content of In the Clinic is drawn from the clinical information and education resources of the American College of Physicians (ACP), including MKSAP (Medical Knowledge and Self-Assessment Program). Annals of Internal Medicine editors develop In the Clinic in collaboration with the ACP's Medical Education and Publishing divisions and with the assistance of additional science writers and physician writers.
What's happening to clinical teaching?
Authors: J. F. Mullins
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Clinical teaching is passé. On what do I base that statement? Nineteen years of sincere and interested involvement in medical student teaching. Most deans and medical school officials have spent their time acquiring federal grants and building research institutes and physical structures to the neglect of developing and supporting teachers in medicine. When a new department chairman is to be appointed, the search committee almost never inquires as to the individual's teaching capabilities or his interest in this dimension. The officials are concerned with how much grant money he can bring with him, how has he done with governmental grantsmanship, and what are his possibilities for the future along these lines. Ask any young faculty member as to what criteria are used in his institution for promotions and they will all say the "weight" and number of research papers, not necessarily the quality. This promotion rarely is based on whether or not he has done a good job teaching or carries a heavy clinical service load. Their future depends on research production and, when their time is at a premium, the
Burn wound closure with cultured autologous keratinocytes and fibroblasts attached to a collagen-glycosaminoglycan substrate
Authors: J. F. Hansbrough
Journal: JAMA (1989)

Improved survival of patients with extensive burn injuries requires the development of better techniques for timely and permanent closure of the full-thickness wound. We developed procedures for establishing confluent, stratified layers of cultured, autologous keratinocytes on the surface of a modified collagen-glycosaminoglycan membrane that contains autologous fibroblasts. We transferred the composite grafts onto limited areas of excised full-thickness burn wounds of four patients with extensive burn injuries. Our results indicate that this composite graft material has acceptable "take," with formation of a basement membrane within 9 days of graft placement. Use of this technique for major wound coverage may offer a significant advance in the care of extensively burned patients and also may be useful for providing skin for reconstructive surgery. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1989;262:2125-2130)
Quality of care before admission to intensive care is often poor
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Quality of care before admission to intensive care is often poor Emergency admissions have risen by 50% since 1984, but this rise in quantity should not be at the expense of quality.McQuillan et al (p 1853) used confidential inquiry methods to investigate the quality of care received by a consecutive cohort of 100 adult emergency patients in two hospitals.Oxygen therapy; management of airway, breathing, or circulation; or monitoring was suboptimal in over 50 patients.At least 39 patients were admitted late in their illness.These factors may be associated with increased morbidity and mortality and avoidable admissions to intensive care.The authors suggest a back to basics approach to managing dysfunction of airway, breathing, and circulation.The structure and process of acute care need reviewing to meet the challenge of the increasingly frenetic workload of the NHS.