tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Bronchial carcinoma with autovagotomy and bezoar formation
Authors: T. N. Allan
Journal: JAMA (1977)

AUTOVAGOTOMY, except as a manifestation of diabetic autonomic neuropathy, is a rare occurrence. Esophageal carcinoma causing autovagotomy and gastric bezoar has been recorded.<sup>1</sup>The present communication concerns the association of bronchial carcinoma with autovagotomy, gastric outlet obstruction, and bezoar formation. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 54-year-old man was hospitalized for recurrent pneumonia of the left side. During the previous six months he had experienced dysphagia, hemoptysis, anorexia, and an 18-kg weight loss. A chest roentgenogram showed a persistent infiltrate in the lingula and the superior segment of the left lower lobe. Bronchial cytology and biopsy specimens showed atypical squamous metaplasia. An upper gastrointestinal tract x-ray film showed a midesophageal stricture caused by an extrinsic lesion (Fig 1), an atonic stomach with gastric outlet obstruction, and a large intragastric mass simulating an extensive fundal carcinoma (Fig 2). A second film, taken after carbon dioxide producing tablets had been ingested to
Highlights
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2018)

Lactation Duration and Incident Diabetes 328Gunderson and colleagues conducted a US multicenter, community-based, 30-year prospective cohort study, to evaluate the association between lactation and progression to diabetes using biochemical testing both before and after pregnancy, accounting for prepregnancy cardiometabolic measures, gestational diabetes, and lifestyle behaviors.Results provided evidence that lactation duration is independently associated with lower incidence of diabetes.Further investigation is required to elucidate mechanisms that may explain this relationship. Web Platform vs In-Person Genetic Counselor 338For this randomized noninferiority trial conducted in a longitudinal sequencing cohort at the National Institutes of Health, Biesecker and colleagues tested whether a web-based platform is noninferior to a genetic counselor for educating patients about their carrier results from exome sequencing.Results demonstrated noninferiority of web-based return of carrier results among postreproductive, mostly healthy adults.Replication studies among younger and more diverse populations are needed to establish generalizability.Results showed that return of results via a web-based platform may be sufficient for subsets of test results.
Intensive Enough?
Authors: Victoria Campbell
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2012)

Intensive care units (ICUs) began in the 1950s after hospitals recognized that colocation of care for very sick patients improved survival. Treating clinicians cared for their patients in an environment that provided close monitoring and organ support. By the 1980s, intensive care medicine began to be recognized as its own specialty, attracting clinicians from other fields, such as anesthesiology, internal medicine, surgery, and emergency medicine. As the number of ICUs throughout the world continued to increase, wide variation in staffing models occurred.13 In many units, physicians from various specialties continue to treat their critically ill patients, some with the . . .
Influence of Intensive Diabetes Treatment on Quality-of-Life Outcomes in the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial
Journal: Diabetes Care (1996)

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of intensive diabetes treatment on patient quality of life assessed by the Diabetes Quality-of-Life Measure, the Symptom Checklist-90R, the Medical Outcome Study 36-Item Short Form Survey, and intercurrent psychosocial events in the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The DCCT was a 29-center prospective controlled clinical trial that demonstrated the beneficial effect of intensive diabetes treatment on retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy. The 1,441 volunteers with IDDM, aged 13–39 years, were randomly assigned to intensive or conventional diabetes therapy. The volunteers were followed for a mean of 6.5 years (range 3–9 years). Quality-of-life data were collected during annual visits. Of the volunteers, 99% completed the study, and &amp;gt;95% of scheduled tests were completed. RESULTS All analyses of quality of life, psychiatric symptom indexes, and psychosocial event data showed no differences between intensive and conventional diabetes treatment. CONCLUSION Under careful treatment conditions, such as those followed in the DCCT, patients undergoing intensive diabetes treatment do not face deterioration in the quality of their lives, even while the rigor of their diabetes care is increased.
The Floater
Authors: Judith Skillman
Journal: JAMA (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
HYSTERIC DEAFNESS.
Authors: H. V. WÜRDEMANN
Journal: JAMA (1896)

That protean affection, hysteria, may be considered a purely functional disease. There is, however, usually some concomitant affection or lesion which may be deemed to be the cause. This may excite a local hysteric attack in a patient predisposed by mental or moral influences. Some actual injury or shock to the part is in many cases the predisposing cause for the local manifestation. Affections of the sight are frequently seen; indeed, in most hysteric persons it is possible to find some defect of the visual field. Hysteric deafness is very rare. In the<i>Medical News</i>, Feb. 14, 1891 I reported such a case. Since that time two more have come to my notice: <h3>Case 1.</h3> —Hysteric deafness and blindness in a woman after injury to the head. Aug. 29, 1892, a woman, age 42, was sent to me on account of monaural deafness. She gave a history of a railroad
Medical News.
Journal: JAMA (1905)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
PTOMAINE POISONING—WHAT IS IT?
Journal: JAMA (1928)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 3438: PI3Kα/δ inhibitor, copanlisib is highly effective in ER-positive breast cancer
Authors: Pradip De, Jennifer C. Aske, Casey Williams, Nandini Dey, Brian Leyland-Jones
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Purpose: Over 60% of ER+ breast cancer (BC) cases are associated with activation of the PI3K-AKT-mTORC1/C2 pathway. PIK3CA, the catalytic subunit of PI3K, is by far the most frequently mutated gene in luminal ER+ BC patients. It has long been known that hormone receptor and oncogene cooperation plays a key role in driving tumor development and that most hormone therapy-resistant BC depends on the PI3K pathway. Here, we present the results of a preclinical study of the PI3K α/δ (dominant) inhibitor copanlisib alone and in combination with letrozole in ER+ BC cell lines. Method: Anti-proliferative, apoptotic, cell cycle, and intracellular signaling effects of copanlisib alone and in combination with letrozole were evaluated in a panel of ER +/PIK3CA mutated, and ER+/PTEN mutated breast cancer cell lines. Results: 1) Copanlisib inhibited PI3K, mTOR and their downstream signaling molecules in ER+/PIK3CA or ER+/PTEN mutated BC cell lines; 2) interestingly, copanlisib also inhibited RAS-MAPK signaling in the earlier time points in ER+/PIK3CA mutated cells (T47D &amp; MCF7) but not in ER+/PTEN mutated cells (CAMA1); 3) copanlisib caused a strong differential growth inhibition in ER+ BC cell lines as shown by 3D-ON-TOP clonogenic assay and real-time monitoring in an IncuCyte Zoom. Inhibition was greater when copanlisib was combined with letrozole; 4) administration of copanlisib induced cell cycle G0/G1 arrest and resulted in increased apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner; 5) unlike everolimus, copanlisib blocked HIF1α accumulation in hypoxic conditions and this blocking effect was reversed by prior treatment with the proteasome inhibitor carfilzomib, suggesting copalnisib enhanced proteasome-mediated HIF1α degradation; and 6) copanlisib also attenuated ER+ cell migration, an important phenotypic feature for metastasis, along with integrin-mediated RAC1 activation. Conclusions: Copanlisib is highly effective (blocks proliferation, induces apoptosis, and inhibits PI3K and its downstream signaling targets) in ER+ BC cell lines (both PIK3CA and PTEN mutated). The addition of copanlisib to aromatase inhibitor might represent an improved treatment strategy for patients with hormone-resistant/relapse ER+ BC. Citation Format: Pradip De, Jennifer C. Aske, Casey Williams, Nandini Dey, Brian Leyland-Jones. PI3Kα/δ inhibitor, copanlisib is highly effective in ER-positive breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 3438.
Scleromyxedema: A multicenter study of characteristics, comorbidities, course, and therapy in 30 patients
Authors: Franco Rongioletti, Giulia Merlo, Elisa Cinotti, Valentina Fausti, Emanuele Cozzani, Bernard Cribier, Dieter Metze, Eduardo Calonje, Jean Kanitakis, Werner Kempf, Catherine M. Stefanato, Eduardo Marinho, Aurora Parodi
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2013)
Evaluation of a positive urinary sugar test
Authors: H. C. Knowles
Journal: JAMA (1975)

OFTEN the practicing physician is faced with the problem of one of his patients unexpectedly showing a positive urine test for sugar. This may occur in a routine office checkup, during hospitalization, or perhaps be reported from an examination performed elsewhere, such as for life insurance or employment. To solve the diagnostic aspect of the problem, I would use the approach shown in the accompanying Figure. Before discussing the steps involved, however, certain definitions and laboratory methods must be given: <h3>Mellituria.—</h3> A condition in which any type of sugar is excreted in the urine. <h3>Glycosuria.—</h3> A condition in which glucose is excreted in the urine. <h3>Copper Sulfate Tablets.—</h3> Tablets (Clinitest [Ames Co.]) containing copper sulfate, which acts as an oxidizing agent. Sugars having a keto- group will be reduced. The only sugar appearing abnormally in the urine that has no keto- group and thus cannot reduce copper or other oxidizing
Rapid dexamethasone suppression test for Cushing's syndrome
Authors: J. R. Tucci
Journal: JAMA (1967)

The practical application of the overnight dexamethasone suppression test for preliminary screening for Cushing's syndrome can be extended by the utilization of a steroid-creatinine ratio calculated from urine collected in a five-hour period, ie, 7:00 AM to 12:00 noon. The use of the urine ratio obviates the necessity of a quantitatively accurate urine collection, and hence makes it a more feasible outpatient screening procedure. A ratio of less than 4 makes the diagnosis of Cushing's syndrome highly unlikely, whereas a ratio greater than 4 requires that further studies be performed to establish a definitive diagnosis of Cushing's syndrome.
Blastomycosis in Arkansas
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Transplacental transmission of pemphigus
Authors: N. Wasserstrum
Journal: JAMA (1983)

In a pregnancy complicated by maternal pemphigus vulgaris (PV), pemphigus IgG was found both in the fetal circulation and fixed to fetal epidermis in the characteristic intercellular distribution. Light microscopic examination of fetal skin was diagnostic of PV. These findings indicated transplacental transmission of PV. They also strongly support the pathogenic role of PV antibodies and the concept of PV as a tissue-specific autoimmune disease. The occurrence of intrauterine death despite careful antepartum surveillance underscores the management problems encountered when pemphigus coexists with pregnancy. (<i>JAMA</i>1983;249:1480-1482)
Solid-Tumor Mortality in the Vicinity of Uranium Cycle Facilities and Nuclear Power Plants in Spain
Authors: Gonzalo Lopez-Abente, Nuria Aragones, Marina Pollan
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2001)

To ascertain solid tumor mortality in towns near Spain's four nuclear power plants and four nuclear fuel facilities from 1975 to 1993, we conducted a mortality study based on 12,245 cancer deaths in 283 towns situated within a 30-km radius of the above installations. As nonexposed areas, we used 275 towns lying within a 50- to 100-km radius of each installation, matched by population size and sociodemographic characteristics (income level, proportion of active population engaged in farming, proportion of unemployed, percentage of illiteracy, and province). Using log-linear models, we examined relative risk for each area and trends in risk with increasing proximity to an installation. The results reveal a pattern of solid-tumor mortality in the vicinity of uranium cycle facilities, basically characterized by excess lung [relative risk (RR) 1.12, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.02-1.25] and renal cancer mortality (RR 1.37, 95% CI, 1.07-1.76). Besides the effects of natural radiation, these results could well be evincing the influence on public health exerted by the environmental impact of mining. No such well-defined pattern appeared in the vicinity of nuclear power plants. Monitoring of cancer incidence and mortality is recommended in areas surrounding nuclear fuel facilities and nuclear power plants, and more specific studies are called for in areas adjacent to installations that have been fully operational for longer periods. In this regard, it is important to use dosimetric information in all future studies.
778 THE CD56BRIGHTCXCR3(+) PHENOTYPE CHARACTERIZES A DISTINCT NK CELL SUBSET WITH ANTI-FIBROTIC POTENTIAL THAT SHOWS DYS-REGULATED ACTIVITY IN HEPATITIS C
Authors: M. Eisenhardt, A. Glässner, B. Krämer, C. Körner, B. Sibbing, P. Kokordelis, H.D. Nischalke, T. Sauerbruch, U. Spengler, J. Nattermann
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
Propoxyphene: is it a hazard to health?
Authors: J. C. Ballin
Journal: JAMA (1979)

I wish to express dismay over the methods being employed to deal with a scientific problem. I refer specifically to the petition of Dr Sidney Wolfe of the Health Research Group (a Ralph Nader affiliate) to have the widely used analgesic agent, propoxyphene (Darvon), banned as an imminent hazard to the public health. This petition was based on an observation that propoxyphene was frequently mentioned in reports of fatalities due to gross drug overdose as one of the agents ingested with or without suicidal intent. I do not quarrel with the accuracy of these reports, but disagree strongly with their being made a cause célèbre in the political arena to force a decision that is purely scientific in nature. As the result of the wide publicity given the Wolfe petition, Senator Gaylord Nelson made propoxyphene the subject of hearings before his Senate subcommittee. These sessions were characterized by rancor, innuendo,
Microscopic colitis.
Authors: J G Kingham
Journal: Gut (1991)

<h3>Objective:</h3> We aim to investigate morphine use in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in Japan. <h3>Background:</h3> The effectiveness of opioids in relieving intractable pain and respiratory discomfort has been established not only for patients with cancer, but also for those with progressive neurological disease, including ALS. Meanwhile, appropriate methods of opioid use have not been clarified in ALS. <h3>Design/Methods:</h3> We performed a retrospective case-based analysis to investigate how opioids were used in patients with ALS in our hospital between 2010 and 2018. We analyzed the data of patients with ALS who had deceased by the year 2018. We examined the dosage of opioids equivalent to that of morphine hydrochloride. <h3>Results:</h3> Morphine was administered in 110 patients with ALS, and 83 patients were followed up until death. Of these 83 patients, 58 patients (69.9%) did not receive mechanical ventilation (MV) before death. Nineteen patients (22.9%) received only noninvasive ventilation (NIV), and 4 patients (4.8%) underwent tracheostomy and received invasive ventilation (TIV). Two patients (2.4%) underwent tracheostomy only without receiving MV. The morphine dosage in patients who received NIV was greater (mean 60 mg (SD 46), range 10–200 mg) than that in patients who did not receive MV (mean 30.3 mg (SD 25.9), range 0–120 mg), and this was statistically significant (p=0.015, Welch’s t-test). In two patients who only received NIV, the affliction relief was insufficient by morphine, and sedative medicine was required. <h3>Conclusions:</h3> Morphine usage in our hospital was similar to that reported previously. Although the morphine dosage tended to be greater in patients receiving NIV, the daily dosage of morphine needed for sufficient affliction relief, varied widely. Some patients required only a small dosage of morphine, while some required very large dosages of morphine and sedative medicine. Further study is needed to establish an appropriate protocol for morphine administration in patients with ALS. <b>Disclosure:</b> Dr. Morishima has nothing to disclose. Dr. Bokuda has nothing to disclose. Dr. Kimura has nothing to disclose. Dr. Shimizu has nothing to disclose.
Gall-stone dissolution and recurrence: are we being misled?
Authors: K. Somerville, D H Rose, D Knapp, G D Bell
Journal: BMJ (1982)

Oral cholecystography repeated at six-month intervals is the standard method for determining reduction in size of gall stones (partial success) and complete dis- solution of stones (complete success).In a comparative study of oral cholecystography and cholecystosonography six out of 14 patients with gall stones achieving complete success by oral cholecystographic criteria had stones still detectable by ultrasonography.Repeat oral chole- cystography in a further 11 patients receiving post- dissolution maintenance treatment detected stones in two, whereas ultrasonography detected stones in seven.In future complete dissolution of gall stones should be reported only if both oral cholecystography and ultra- sonographic studies give negative results and the progress of patients receiving post-dissolution maintenance treatment is monitored by ultrasonography rather than serialoral cholecystography.
ALLEGED DRUG HABITS IN VERMONT.
Journal: JAMA (1901)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal