tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Drug treatment in depression. Antidepressant or tranquilizer?
Authors: K. Rickels
Journal: JAMA (1967)

With the goal to compare the clinical efficacy of the tricyclic compound protriptyline hydrochloride, the antianxiety agent meprobamate, the combination of both drugs, and placebo, a controlled double-blind study was conducted with depressed neurotic outpatients. The total study population was 157 patients. The results showed that over the four-week study period patients improved significantly more while receiving the three drugs than while receiving placebo. Initial level of anxiety effected the patient's response to medication. Patients with initially high anxiety responded best to the combination of protriptyline and meprobamate, followed by meprobamate alone, while those with initially low anxiety responded best to protriptyline alone. Initial anxiety level also influenced the reporting of side reactions.
Unreviewed Reports
Authors: Oleschko Arruda, Moema De, J Cardoso
Journal: BMJ (1985)

Unreviewed ReportsAmiodarone and myotonic dystrophy A 57 year old man had had myotonic dystrophy for six years with cardiac abnormalities.An M mode echocardiogram showed reduced myocardial contractility, and he had polyfocal extrasystoles.Pro- cainamide was given for three weeks, which made him dizzy and had no effect on the arrhythmia or myotonia.The drug was stopped and he was started on amiodarone 200 mg thrice daily.After one week the ventricular ectopics had disappeared and the myotonia was remarkably improved.Several drugs have been used to reduce myotonia in patients with Steinert's disease.'The improvement seen here may have been related to the electrophysiological effects of amiodarone, but further study of its effects are required.
Prenatal Care
Journal: JAMA (2001)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The influence of increased bronchial responsiveness, atopy, and serum IgE on decline in FEV1. A longitudinal study in the elderly.
Authors: M Tracey, A Villar, L Dow, D Coggon, F C Lampe, S T Holgate
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1995)

We have performed a 4-yr prospective survey of the association of allergen skin test positivity, total serum immunoglobulin E (IgE), and bronchial responsiveness to methacholine, with longitudinal decline in FEV1, in subjects over 65 yr of age. In 1987, 324 subjects completed a respiratory questionnaire, and underwent measurement of FEV1 and FVC, methacholine challenge, skin prick testing (to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, cat fur, mixed grasses, and Aspergillus fumigatus) and estimation of total serum IgE. After an interval of 4 yr, 212 subjects were reexamined. The mean annual decline in FEV1 was significantly higher in males than in females, but was not significantly influenced by smoking habits defined at the start of the study. The relation of atopy (skin test reaction to allergen > or = 3 mm greater than saline control), increased bronchial responsiveness (PD20FEV1 < or = 6.4 mumoles methacholine) and serum IgE > 80 IU/ml, to annual decline in FEV1 was examined for each risk factor individually with adjustment for age, sex, height, and initial FEV1, by multiple linear regression. Both atopy and bronchial responsiveness were significantly associated with accelerated decline in FEV1. Elevated IgE was correlated with faster FEV1 decline in subjects who were current smokers at the start of the study. In a multiple regression model examining the mutually adjusted associations of all relevant variables with annual decline in FEV1, male sex was the most important predictor (B = 38.6 ml/yr, 95% Cl = 4.3, 72.9). Increased bronchial responsiveness also tended to be associated with accelerated decline in FEV1. In further analyses incorporating the same variables, but restricted to specific smoking categories, age was the only significant factor in the never-smokers, whereas both atopy (B = 44.5 ml/yr, 95% Cl = 3.8, 85.3) and increased bronchial responsiveness (B = 43.5 ml/yr, 95% Cl = 4.6, 82.3) were significant predictors of accelerated FEV1 decline in former and current smokers combined.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
European Perspectives
Journal: Circulation (2012)

His plan was to contribute to the biological basis of this field through integrating his investigations with his work as an interventional cardiologist.He says, "In 1990, I started out as a basic scientist to identify novel targets for the stimulation of (cardio)vascular repair.This task was successful, and we identified novel receptors for vascular endothelial growth factor, a molecule that was completely unknown to the cardiology community at that time.I have since devoted the past 20 years to finding out all relevant aspects of vascular endothelial growth factor function in the context of metabolic and cardiovascular risk factors.These studies led to novel mechanistic insight into endothelial, monocyte, and stem cell function; opened novel avenues for cellular diagnostic risk assessment; and opened novel strategies for the optimisation of (cardio) vascular repair."Previously, as a student, I was impressed by the potential that molecular and cellular biology could contribute to medicine and cardiology.The mid-to late 1980s were a fascinating period in that respect.
MEDICAL ETHICS AND NEW METHODS OF PRACTICE
Journal: JAMA (1934)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Incorrect Data in Text and Table in: Low-Dose Aspirin for Primary Prevention of Atherosclerotic Events in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Nora Volkow, Redonna Chandler, Bennett Fletcher
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Hisao Ogawa, MD, PhD; Masafumi Nakayama, MD, PhD; Takeshi Morimoto, MD, PhD; Shiro Uemura, MD, PhD; Masao Kanauchi, MD, PhD; Naofumi Doi, MD, PhD; Hideaki Jinnouchi, MD, PhD; Seigo Sugiyama, MD, PhD; Yoshihiko Saito, MD, PhD; for the Japanese Primary Prevention of Atherosclerosis With Aspirin for Diabetes (JPAD) Trial Investigators
Experts predict big rise in dengue fever in South East Asia
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Our study was not powered to detect differences in effect of the intervention between ethnic groups, but our exploratory findings are compatible with potentially important differences in outcome between ethnic groups.This is consistent with other work suggesting that minority ethnic groups derive less benefit than majority groups from asthma education. 7No randomised studies of interventions specifically addressing ethnic minority groups have reduced unscheduled asthma care. 7 21These observations are important because interventions that have a differential benefit between majority and minority ethnic groups potentially widen inequalities in health.We thank the National Asthma Campaign for funding; the participants; Mark Levy for advice on study design; Yvonne Carter,
In the Holiday Spirit: Cooking With Flax, the Potential Preventive Grain
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1994)

Journal Article In the Holiday Spirit: Cooking With Flax, the Potential Preventive Grain Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 86, Issue 23, 7 December 1994, Page 1747, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/86.23.1747 Published: 07 December 1994
The Utility of Prostate-Specific Antigen for Detecting Prostate Cancer
Authors: John C. Peirce
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —In their study of the validity of PSA in detecting prostate cancer, Dr Gann and colleagues<sup>1</sup>provide valuable information reducing spectrum bias by doing a nested case-control study from a cohort of men followed for at least 10 years and stratifying the results by aggressive and nonaggressive tumors. Unfortunately, the authors report their results as sensitivity and specificity, necessitating dichotomous results, or odds ratios at several levels of PSA. The validity of diagnostic or screening tests are better determined by likelihood ratios (LRs), which allow clinicians to ascertain whether the probability of prostate cancer is revised downward (if the LR is &lt;1.0) or upward (if the LR is &gt;1.0), with the magnitude of the revision determined by the numerical value of the LR.<sup>2</sup> Using the method of Peirce and Cornell,<sup>3</sup>I calculated the LRs for PSA in detecting aggressive cancers based on the seven
Aerospace Medicine, St. Paul
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Foodborne Listeriosis—United States, 1988-1990
Journal: JAMA (1992)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Über die Wirkungen der Röntgenstrahlen auf die Lungen
Journal: JAMA (1934)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Negroes for medicine. Report of a conference
Authors: J. Z. Bowers
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Negroes constitute 11.4% of the population of the United States, but only 2.2% of the nation's physicians are Negroes. They represent one of the large untapped sources of personnel for medicine. In 1975, when the new medical schools presently being developed are in full operation, we will have openings for more than 2,500 additional first-year medical students. It is quite probable that by 1975 public demand for more physicians will make this estimate obsolete. Beyond the need for more applicants to medical school lies the obligation to educate a significantly greater number of Negroes for careers in medicine and in the other health professions. Today every medical school in the United States will accept qualified Negro applicants; in fact many schools are searching for them. Many admissions officers are suddenly asking "Where are qualified Negro applicants?" The almost total absence of these applicants reflects problems stretching back through college to
Dexamethasone, Granisetron, or Both for the Prevention of Nausea and Vomiting during Chemotherapy for Cancer
Authors: The Italian Group for Antiemetic Research
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1995)

Serotonin-receptor antagonists seem to be as effective as corticosteroids in preventing emesis induced by moderately emetogenic antineoplastic agents. We compared the antiemetic effect of a combination of granisetron and dexamethasone with that of granisetron or dexamethasone administered alone.
Tooth Analyses of Sources and Intensity of Lead Exposure in Children
Authors: Brian L. Gulson
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1996)

The sources and intensity of lead exposure in utero and in early childhood were determined using stable lead isotopic ratios and lead concentrations of incisal and cervical sections of deciduous teeth from 30 exposed and nonexposed children from the Broken Hill lead mining community in Australia. Incisal sections, consisting mostly of enamel, generally have low amounts of lead and isotopic compositions consistent with those expected in the mother during pregnancy. Cervical sections, consisting mostly of dentine with secondary dentine removed by resorption and reaming, generally have higher amounts of lead than the enamel and isotopic compositions consistent with the source of postnatal exposure. There are statistically significant differences in lead concentrations between incisal and cervical sections, representing within-tooth variation, for children with low and high lead exposure (p = 0.0007, 2 x 10(-6), respectively) and for those who have ingested leaded paint (p = 0.009). Statistically significant differences between incisal and cervical sections in these three exposure groups are also exhibited by the three sets of lead isotope ratios (e.g., p = 0.001 for 206Pb/204Pb ratio in the low exposure group). There are statistically significant differences between the low and high lead exposure groups for lead concentrations and isotopic ratios in incisal (p = 0.005 for lead concentration and 6 x 10(-6) for 206Pb/204Pb ratio) and cervical sections (p = 5 x 10(-5) for lead concentration and 6 x 10(-6) for 206Pb/204Pb ratio). The dentine results reflect an increased exposure to lead from the lead-zinc-silver mineral deposit (orebody lead) during early childhood, probably associated with hand-to-mouth activity. Leaded paint was identified as the source of elevated tooth lead in at least two cases. Increased exposure to lead from orebody and paint sources in utero was implicated in two cases, but there was no indication of previous exposure from the mothers' current blood leads, suggesting an acute rather than a chronic exposure for the mothers. Permanent teeth from one subject had lower amounts of lead in the roots compared with the crowns, and the isotopic composition of the crowns were consistent with the data for the deciduous teeth from the same subject. Based on changes in the isotopic composition of enamel and dentine, it is provisionally estimated that lead is added to dentine at a rate of approximately 2-3% per year.
Fasciola hepatica
Authors: M. Wang, D. Pleskow
Journal: Endoscopy (2013)

A 70-year-old man who lived mostly in Albania and Greece but traveled regularly to the United States presented to his physician (in Greece) with a 2-week history of right flank pain in December 2010. Urinalysis was negative but he was treated with antibiotics for a presumed urinary tract infection. He then traveled to the United States and due to persistent discomfort in the right flank he consulted a primary care physician. His physical examination was unremarkable and laboratory investigations revealed mild anemia, leukocytosis, and mild renal insufficiency. His liver function was normal and urinalysis demonstrated microscopic hematuria. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography demonstrated segmental biliary ductal dilation involving the left lateral segment, suggesting a caliber change proximal to the hilum. There was enhancement of the biliary tree, and other findings included bilateral renal cysts and an enlarged prostate ([Fig. 1]). Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) demonstrated several mobile filling defects within the common hepatic duct and left intrahepatic duct ([Fig. 2]). Cholangioscopy was carried out with the Spyglass system (Boston Scientific, Natick, Massachusetts, USA) and mobile flat worms were identified within the biliary tree. A sphincterotomy was done and a balloon used to extract the worms into the duodenum. Several live worms were caught with a spiral basket and were identified as Fasciola hepatica ([Video 1]) on laboratory examination. The patient was treated with triclabendazole.
On the Horns
Journal: JAMA (1971)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
On Categorizations in Analyses of Alcohol Teratogenesis
Authors: Paul D. Sampson, Ann P. Streissguth, Fred L. Bookstein, Helen M. Barr
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2000)

In biomedical scientific investigations, expositions of findings are conceptually simplest when they comprise comparisons of discrete groups of individuals or involve discrete features or characteristics of individuals.But the descriptive benefits of categorization become outweighed by their limitations in studies involving dose-response relationships, as in many teratogenic and environmental exposure studies.This article addresses a pair of categorization issues concerning the effects of prenatal alcohol exposure that have important public health consequences: the labeling of individuals as fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) versus fetal alcohol effects (FAE) or alcohol- related neurodevelopmental disorder (ARND), and the categorization of prenatal exposure dose by thresholds.We present data showing that patients with FAS and others with FAE do not have meaningfully different behavioral performance, standardized scores of IQ, arithmetic and adaptive behavior, or secondary disabilities.Similarly overlapping distributions on measures of executive functioning offer a basis for identifying alcohol-affected individuals in a manner that does not simply reflect IQ deficits.At the other end of the teratological continuum, we turn to the reporting of threshold effects in dose-response relationships.Here we illustrate the importance of multivariate analyses using data from the Seattle, Washington, longitudinal prospective study on alcohol and pregnancy.Relationships between many neurobehavioral outcomes and measures of prenatal alcohol exposure are monotone without threshold down to the lowest nonzero levels of exposure, a finding consistent with reports from animal studies.In sum, alcohol effects on the developing human brain appear to be a continuum without threshold when dose and behavioral effects are quantified appropriately.