tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Altered Autophagy in Human Adipose Tissues in Obesity
Authors: Julia Kovsan, Matthias Blüher, Tanya Tarnovscki, Nora Klöting, Boris Kirshtein, Liron Madar, Iris Shai, Rachel Golan, Ilana Harman-Boehm, Michael R. Schön, Andrew S. Greenberg, Zvulun Elazar, Nava Bashan, Assaf Rudich
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (2010)

Context Autophagy is a housekeeping mechanism, involved in metabolic regulation and stress response, shown recently to regulate lipid droplets biogenesis/breakdown and adipose tissue phenotype. Objective We hypothesized that in human obesity autophagy may be altered in adipose tissue in a fat depot and distribution-dependent manner. Setting and Patients Paired omental (Om) and sc adipose tissue samples were used from obese and nonobese (n = 65, cohort 1); lean, sc-obese and intraabdominally obese (n = 196, cohort 2); severely obese persons without diabetes or obesity-associated morbidity, matched for being insulin sensitive or resistant (n = 60, cohort 3). Results Protein and mRNA levels of the autophagy genes Atg5, LC3A, and LC3B were increased in Om compared with sc, more pronounced among obese persons, particularly if with intraabdominal fat accumulation. Both adipocytes and stromal-vascular cells contribute to the expression of autophagy genes. The increased number of autophagosomes and elevated autophagic flux assessed in fat explants incubated with lysosomal inhibitors were observed in obesity, particularly in Om. The degree of visceral adiposity and adipocyte hypertrophy accounted for approximately 50% of the variance in Atg5 mRNA levels by multivariate regression analysis, whereas age, sex, measures of insulin sensitivity, inflammation, and adipose tissue stress were excluded from the model. Moreover, in cohort 3, the autophagy marker genes were increased in those who were insulin resistant compared with insulin sensitive, particularly in Om. Conclusions Autophagy is up-regulated in adipose tissue of obese persons, especially in Om, correlating with the degree of obesity, visceral fat distribution, and adipocyte hypertrophy. This may precede the occurrence of obesity-associated morbidity.
Ireland
Authors: R Jokymwaz
Journal: BMJ (1920)

TEm Almost simultaneous appearance of reports1 on the health of Edinburgh and Glasgow by their respective medical officers of health suggests the making of a com- parison between the conditions prevailing in tllese two large centres of population not far apart as to distance .butdifering widely in their characters as cities.Since, ,however, Dr. Chalmers's report on Glasgow covers six years (no reports having been issued during the war years), .whilstDr. Williamson deals with only one year of Edin- burgh's health affairs; it will be better to restrict the comparison to a -few leading matters, leaving the fuller consideration of the subject till a more normal year's results is available.lIt is no fortuitous occurrence that both reports give a prominent place to maternity and clhildwelfare.The coming into force of the Notification of Birtlhs (Extension) Act of 1915 made schemes for the saving of the lives of expectant motlhers and young infants highly desirable and greatly facilitated their coming into action.Both
Hepatitis B virus vaccine. An analysis of its potential use in medical workers
Authors: J. D. Hamilton
Journal: JAMA (1983)

At the Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, there are approximately ten recognized hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections per year in employees. The hospital's hepatitis control program costs $91,995 per year, including costs for workman's compensation, hyperimmune globulin, laboratory tests, lost revenue, liability, personnel, and medical treatment. A program to immunize high-risk medical center personnel and to accommodate residual HBV problems in nonimmunized employees would cost $206,304 in the first year. By seven years the cumulative costs of an immunization program would equal those without a program and at ten years would be cost saving ($746,742 with program<i>v</i>$919,950 without a program). Given certain assumptions, HBV vaccine is a cost-beneficial alternative for a major employee health hazard. (<i>JAMA</i>1983;250:2145-2150)
INDIVIDUAL EFFORT.
Journal: JAMA (1889)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Chemical Speciation of Lead Dust Associated with Primary Lead Smelting
Authors: Terry M. Spear, Wayne Svee, James H. Vincent, Nick Stanisich
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1998)

The research presented in this article assessed geochemical factors relating to dust produced during primary lead smelting. Bulk dust samples and size-selective airborne dust samples were collected from four areas of a primary lead smelter and analyzed by X-ray diffraction and sequential chemical extraction. X-ray diffraction showed that the smelter dusts were composed primarily of sulfides, oxides, sulfates, and silicates of metal ores, with galena being the primary dust component. Sequential extraction revealed the solubility of lead compounds at less than 7% in the exchangeable and mildly acidic steps for the bulk dusts collected from four smelter areas. The later steps of the extraction procedure were more effective in dissolving the lead compounds associated with the bulk dust samples, with 43%, 26%, and 8% of the total lead, in the ore storage, sinter, and blast/dross smelter areas, respectively, being extracted in the residual step. Sequential extraction of coarse airborne dust samples from the ore storage and sinter plant showed that 1.2% and 4.1% of the total lead, respectively, was exchangeable. The finer particle size fractions from these areas of the smelter showed higher percentages of exchangeable lead. Of the course airborne dust from the blast/dross furnace processes, 65% of the total lead was exchangeable. However, the largest percentage of lead from these areas was associated with the finer particle-size fractions. If lead bioavailability is related to its solubility as determined through sequential extraction, the health hazards associated with lead exposure may be appreciably enhanced in the blast and dross furnace processes.
“Reproducibility of 6-minute walking test in patients with COPD”. N.A. Hernandes, E.F.M. Wouters, K. Meijer, J. Annegarn, F. Pitta and M.A. Spruit.<i>Eur Respir J</i>2011; 38: 261–267.
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

We regret that throughout the above manuscript, the term ''CURB-65'' was incorrectly used instead of the correct term ''CRB-65''.All affected sentences are corrected as follows.Page 1156; abstract, third paragraph: Most younger patients presented with mild CAP (74.0% had a CRB-65 score of 0 (confusion of new onset, respiratory rate of o30 breaths?min -1 , blood pressure ,90 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure f60 mmHg, age o65 yrs)).Page 1157; Methods section, fourth subsection: CRB-65 score and mortality The CRB-65 score (confusion of new onset, respiratory rate of o30 breaths?min -1 , systolic blood pressure ,90 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure f60 mmHg, age o65 yrs) was determined in all patients.One point is given for each parameter present, which results in CRB-65 scores of 0-4.For each patient, the CRB-65 score was calculated with patient data assessed at first presentation.Page 1157; Results section, second paragraph: The distribution of CRB-65 risk classes (in patients with complete data sets) was as follows: CRB-65 score of 0 in 34.3% (n52,677), 1-2 in 50.6% (n53,945) and 3-4 in 4.2% (n5328) of patients.Page 1158; first column, fourth paragraph: CRB-65 risk class distribution was very similar across all younger decades (72-75% risk class 1, 24-28% risk class 2 and ,1% risk class 3).Page 1158; second column, final paragraph: CRB-65 score was determined as 0 in three, as 1-2 in four and as 3-4 in one of them.Page 1160; second column, third paragraph: First, younger patients were hospitalised in nearly 50% of cases, despite the fact that around 75% of patients had a CRB-65 score of 0. ERRATUM ''Reproducibility of 6-minute walking test in patients with COPD''.N.
Biliary Excretion of Cadmium
Authors: Carl-Gustaf Elinder, Maud Pannone
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1979)

Biliary excretion of cadmium was studied in two groups of five rats which were given repeated injections of 109Cd. The first group was given a total amount of 6 mg Cd/kg which was 6 times as much as the second group. The elimination of cadmium in bile, urine, and feces was measured 4 to 5 weeks after the last injection. The relative biliary excretion of cadmium was the same in both groupetion, which was 0.001% but, less than the total fecal elimination of cadmium, which averaged 0.034% during the same time.
The X factor
Authors: D. Spence
Journal: BMJ (2010)

<h3>Abstract</h3> Subterranean common mole-rats of the genus <i>Fukomys</i> (family Bathyergidae) live in large cooperatively-breeding families. Odor cues have been hypothesized to importantly mediate social behaviors in the underground ecotope, but only little is known about the role of olfactory signaling in burrowing mammals. Here we characterize the so far neglected perioral glands of <i>Fukomys</i> and other African mole-rats as an important source of olfactory social information. Histology demonstrates these structures to be derived sebaceous glands that are developed regardless of sex and reproductive status. However, gland activity is higher in <i>Fukomys</i> males, leading to sexually dimorphic patterns of stain and clotting of the facial pelage. Behavioral assays revealed that conspecifics prefer male but not female perioral swabs over scent samples from the back fur and that male sebum causes similar attraction as anogenital scent, a known source of social information in <i>Fukomys</i>. Finally, we assessed volatile compounds in the perioral sebum of the giant mole-rat (<i>Fukomys mechowii</i>) via GCxGC-MS-based metabolomic profiling. Volatiles displayed pronounced sex-specific signatures but also allowed to differentiate between intrasexual reproductive status groups. These different lines of evidence suggest that mole-rat perioral glands provide complex odor signals that play a crucial role in social communication.
International Symposium on the CNS Complications of Malignant Disease, 1978
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1978)

Journal Article International Symposium on the CNS Complications of Malignant Disease, 1978 Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 60, Issue 3, March 1978, Page 719, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/60.3.719 Published: 01 March 1978
Characterization of cloned T cell lines and immunodominant epitopes in PDC-E2 in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis , Univ. of Calif., Davis, CA 95616; Kansas State Univ., Manhattan, KS 66506; Dept. of Pathol., Emory Univ., Atlanta, GA 30322; WEHI, Melbourne, Australia; Syntex Corporation, Palo Alto, Ca 94303
Journal: Hepatology (1993)
Perlecan domain V is neuroprotective and proangiogenic following ischemic stroke in rodents
Authors: Boyeon Lee, Douglas Clarke, Abraham Al Ahmad, Michael Kahle, Christi Parham, Lisa Auckland, Courtney Shaw, Mehmet Fidanboylu, Anthony Wayne Orr, Omolara Ogunshola, Andrzej Fertala, Sarah A. Thomas, Gregory J. Bix
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2011)

In the legends for Figures 3,5, and 9, it was not explicit that the same data were used for multiple figures.
Prairie Wedding
Authors: Richard V. Ohmart
Journal: JAMA (1989)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Acta Neuropathologica, Berlin
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Update: Aedes albopictus Infestation-United States
Journal: JAMA (1988)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Journals fail to adhere to guidelines on conflicts of interest
Authors: R. Smith
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Medical journals are riddled with errors and are improving only slowly, and medical editors are neglecting their craft.These were the conclusions of Drummond Rennie, deputy editor of JAMA, at the end of the fourth congress on peer review in biomedical publication organised by JAMA and held in Barcelona this week.The conference heard from Doug Altman, statistical adviser to the BMJ, how medical journals continue to be full of serious methodological errors, meaning that many studies reach false conclusions.The problem was identified many years ago, and yet there have been few improvements.Medical research is too often done by untrained people for the wrong reasons, including career advancement.
Adrenochrome
Authors: Marshall E. Deutsch
Journal: JAMA (1961)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> One of the questions answered inThe Journal, July 23, 1960, p. 1395, concerns adrenochrome, and your consultant states in his answer that no double-blind study has been made of the use of this material as a preventive of bleeding. I should like to call your attention to page 29 of<i>Medical Digest</i>for February, 1959, in which a paper by J. Calnan and associates (<i>Brit J Plast Surg</i><b>11</b>:87-96, 1958) is abstracted. The abstract describes a double-blind study of adrenochrome monosemicarbazone, and concludes, "There was no effect on bleeding at operation exerted by the drug."
PHYSICIAN AS ANGEL
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
THE PUBLIC SERVICES.
Journal: JAMA (1896)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Preclinical study of a PARP inhibitor in neuroblastoma.
Authors: Anissa Addioui, Assila Belounis, Sonia Cournoyer, Carine Nyalendo, Rose- Marie Brito, Mona Beaunoyer, Pierre Teira, Hervé Sartelet
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

9570 Background: Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common extracranial solid tumor of childhood. In spite of many therapeutic improvements, only 60% survive long term despite aggressive combinations of multi-agent chemotherapy. In previous studies, we have demonstrated that tumor initiating cells (TIC) expressing CD133 (CD133 high ) in NB are more resistant to chemotherapy. Moreover, these cells express higher levels of PARP-1, a central protein involved in DNA repair. PARP-1 expression is significantly lower in NB usually showing spontaneous regression than in standard NB, suggesting an implication of PARP-1 in NB progression. The objective of this study is to determine the efficacy in vitro of AG-014699 (AG), a PARP- inhibitor, used in monotherapy or in combination to cisplatine (CP) and doxorubicine (DR), classical chemotherapeutic agents used in NB treatment, on NB cell survival. Methods: Six NB cell lines (parental or CD133 high purified by flow cytometry (FACS)) were treated with AG alone or in association to CP or DR. PARP-1 ELISA protein assay was used to determine the optimal drug concentration needed to inhibit the protein. Cell survival was measured by MTT test. Western Blots were done to evaluate any apoptotic or autophagic pathway modulations. Quantification of DNA damage in treated cell was done by immunofluorescence of H2A-X protein. Results: We showed that a 4µM concentration of AG is sufficient for PARP-1 inhibition. One third of celllines presented a sensitivity to AG when used in monotherapy with an IC50 lower than 5µM. However, AG demonstrated synergistic effects when associated to DR, decreasing the IC50 by half, although none is observed when combined to CP. Sentitivity of the TIC did not appear to be more important than the bulk cells. With increasing concentration of AG, our WB showed no increase in cleaved Caspase-3 suggesting no modulation of the apoptotic pathway. However, autophagy seemed to be upregulated confirmed by an increase in cleaved LC3 II protein. Double strand breaks increased 2.5 folds when 4µM AG is added to the IC50 of DR. Conclusions: AG used in combination at potentially therapeutic doses shows promising results in NB. These results will allow for the improvement of NB treatments by introducing a new therapeutic strategy.