tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Coupling of the antiviral drug ara-AMP to lactosaminated albumin leads to specific uptake in rat and human hepatocytes
Authors: R Jansen
Journal: Hepatology (1993)

We covalently coupled 9-β-D-arabinofuranosyladenine 5′-monophosphate (ara-AMP) to the carrier molecule lactosaminated human serum albumin using a water-soluble carbodiimide with a two-step conjugation method (pH 4.5 and pH 7.5) instead of the commonly used single-step conjugation at pH 7.5. This resulted in a predominantly monomeric conjugate (lac27-HSA–ara-AMP9). The conjugate was stable in buffer (pH 7.4) and blood plasma. After in vivo injection, the carrier and the monomeric conjugate were subjected to selective endocytosis in rat hepatocytes, as shown on immunohistochemical study and cellseparation techniques using 125I-labeled material. In competition experiments with other ligands for the asialoglycoprotein receptor N-acetylgalactosamine and asialofetuin, we showed that both lactosaminated human serum albumin and lac27-HSA–ara-AMP9 are subject to endocytosis by this receptor system. Although the coupling of ara-AMP significantly increased the net negative charge of the conjugate compared with the native carrier, liver uptake was not affected by coadministration of an excess of succinylated human serum albumin (suc-HSA), a negatively charged ligand for the scavenger receptor. Incubation studies with purified rat liver lysosomes showed that in this acidic and proteolytic environment, mainly ara-AMP and, to a much lesser extent, ara-A itself were released from the carrier. After injection into the rat in vivo and in isolated perfused rat liver, no free ara-AMP or 9-B-D-arabinofuranosyladenine (ara-A) could be detected in plasma and perfusate, respectively, indicating proper retention of the virally active components in hepatocytes. Uptake experiments with freshly isolated rat and human hepatocytes indicated that human hepatocytes can also carry out endocytosis of lactosaminated human serum albumin and the ara-AMP conjugate by means of the galactose-recognizing receptor. (HEPATOLOGY 1993;18:146–152).
Obstetrics: Normal and Problem Pregnancies
Authors: Warren C. Plauché
Journal: JAMA (1992)

No book is perfect, but some, including this one, come close. The outstanding first edition of Gabbe, Niebyl, and Simpson is evolving into a definitive text-book of maternal-fetal medicine. There are many successful editorial special effects in the book. Summary highlight boxes of critical information are a little distracting but offer flashes of insight on critical subjects and mark the site of in-depth reading resources. The exquisite, meticulous illustrations of Mickey Senkarik deserve special commendation. Clear reproductions of ultrasound images and photographs complement the drawings and add to the value of the book as a teaching tool. The complete and current bibliographic citations are valuable reference sources for the student and practitioner. The new edition increases the emphasis on the maternal in maternal-fetal medicine. A sturdy section of 11 chapters deals with "Pregnancy and Co-existing Diseases." These chapters are useful, but medical disorders are not treated with the breadth of
Bleeding risks from heparin treatment
Authors: William W. Stead
Journal: JAMA (1970)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The communication of Vieweg et al on the complications of intravenous administration of heparin sodium in elderly women (<b>213</b>:1303, 1970) bears out our own experience. One point might deserve a little positive emphasis: the Lee-White clotting time was of little help in the early detection of bleeding in their patients. It has been our opinion that the only way to detect bleeding early is through careful daily clinical observation and heeding such symptoms as pain in the hip, groin, or flank. I think too many internists labor under the illusion that careful following of the clotting time will alert them to this complication and our experience definitely belies it. There is no laboratory substitute for careful clinical observation.
A US International Health Service Corps. Options and constraints
Authors: T. D. Baker
Journal: JAMA (1987)

A US International Health Service Corps to place American health professionals in developing countries is under consideration. The various options for such a corps are examined in light of past attempts, present needs, and future potential. Justifications, costs, benefits, administrative/legislative mechanisms, and alternative ways to meet US international health goals are evaluated. We conclude that there are more feasible ways to meet US international health objectives than through a governmental International Health Service Corps. (<i>JAMA</i>1987;257:2622-2625)
Dog Bites
Authors: Lee Booker
Journal: JAMA (1985)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The article by Karlson<sup>1</sup>did not purport to be more than an incidence report, and I fully agree with her statement that "more investigative research must be done." This article initially emphasized that facial trauma secondary to dog bites is severe, but later acknowledged that the survey reflected "the minimum estimates of the incidence of facial injuries from dog bites," because untreated and nonhospital-treated victims were not included. Perhaps the author could be less dogmatic (pun intended) and appreciate that a relatively small percentage of dog bites inflict "severe" facial injury. Parrish et al<sup>2</sup>reported that only 4% of dog bites involving the head, face, and neck were "severe," while 73% were considered "minor." Callaham<sup>3</sup>observed that facial wounds from dog bites were associated with only a 4% infection rate, while hand wounds had a 28% rate. Clearly, facial trauma is a matter of concern,
2O Association of RAD51 with homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) and clinical outcomes in untreated triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC): Analysis of the GeparSixto randomized clinical trial
Authors: A. Llop-Guevara, V. Vladimirova, A. Schneeweiss, G. Villacampa, T. Karn, D-M. Zahm, A. Herencia-Ropero, P. Jank, M. van Mackelenbergh, P.A. Fasching, F. Marmé, E. Stickeler, C. Schem, R. Dienstmann, S. Florian, V. Nekljudova, J. Balmaña, C. Denkert, S. Loibl, V. Serra
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2021)
Transfusion Complications
Authors: Edwin G. Troutman
Journal: JAMA (1965)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> I would like to call your attention to a significant omission in the editorial "Prevention of Transfusion Complications." It has been sufficiently shown, I believe, that the transfusion of cold blood is detrimental in direct proportion to the amount transfused, and it is also thought that perhaps some of the complications previously ascribed to citrate may, in fact, be a result of the lowering of cardiac temperature. It seems to me that the transfusion of cold blood has hazards that are not yet sufficiently popularized and that deserve further elaboration.
Hodgkin Disease and HIV
Authors: Nancy A. Hessol
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1993)

Letters15 February 1993Hodgkin Disease and HIVNancy A. Hessol, MD, Mitchell H. Katz, MD, and Susan P. Buchbinder, MDNancy A. Hessol, MDSearch for more papers by this author, Mitchell H. Katz, MDSearch for more papers by this author, and Susan P. Buchbinder, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-118-4-199302150-00018 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:Drs. Tirelli, Serraino, and Carbone report that the MC and LD subtypes of Hodgkin disease are more common among HIV-infected patients than among those without HIV infection. They also observed a significant increase in the proportion of HIV-infected patients who present with advanced stages of disease compared with patients without HIV infection. Findings from seven HIV-infected homosexual men with Hodgkin disease in our cohort study [1] support these observations. Four had an MC histologic subtype, one had an LD subtype, and two had NS subtypes (Table 1). Additionally, four men presented with advanced-stage disease, two with early-stage disease, ...References1. Hessol NA, Katz MH, Liu JY, Buchbinder SP, Rubino CJ, Holmberg SD. Increased incidence of Hodgkin disease in homosexual men with HIV infection. Ann Intern Med. 1992; 117:309-11. Google Scholar2. Centers for Disease Control. Extension of public comment period for revision of HIV infection classification system and expansion of AIDS surveillance case definition. MMWR. 1991; 40:891. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByHodgkin’s Disease in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infected Individuals 15 February 1993Volume 118, Issue 4Page: 313-314KeywordsAIDSCohort studiesHIVHIV infectionsHodgkin lymphomaHomosexuals Issue Published: 15 February 1993 CopyrightCopyright © 1993 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Spate of lawsuits may finally find chink in tobacco industry's 'impenetrable armor'
Authors: A. A. Skolnick
Journal: JAMA (1995)

RIGHT ABOUT NOW, leaders of the tobacco industry may be feeling a bit like the Egyptians of Exodus, wondering what plague will befall them next. Last year was full of public relations disasters—including the widely publicized testimony the industry's top leaders gave under oath before Congress in which they claimed not to believe smoking is addictive or causes any illness. Although the tobacco industry has been buoyed by the Republican Party's assumption of power in Congress—with the promise that similar embarrassment will not recur—it now faces a new plague of state and federal lawsuits and adverse court rulings that tobacco control proponents say may finally open a chink in the armor that for decades has protected it from liability for millions of smoking-related illnesses and deaths. The tobacco industry boasts that it never had to pay out a dime in any of the hundreds of lawsuits brought against it by
AUGUST KROGH (1874-1949) THE PHYSIOLOGIST'S PHYSIOLOGIST
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
THE PHYSICAL EXAMINATION OF SCHOOL-TEACHERS.
Journal: JAMA (1901)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Assessing the quality of randomization from reports of controlled trials published in obstetrics and gynecology journals
Authors: K. F. Schulz
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To assess the methodologic quality of approaches used to allocate participants to comparison groups in randomized controlled trials from one medical specialty. <h3>Design.</h3> —Survey of published, parallel group randomized controlled trials. <h3>Data Sources.</h3> —All 206 reports with allocation described as randomized from the 1990 and 1991 volumes of four journals of obstetrics and gynecology. <h3>Main Outcome Measures.</h3> —Direct and indirect measures of the adequacy of randomization and baseline comparisons. <h3>Results.</h3> —Only 32% of the reports described an adequate method for generating a sequence of random numbers, and only 23% contained information showing that steps had been taken to conceal assignment until the point of treatment allocation. A mere 9% described both sequence generation and allocation concealment. In reports of trials that had apparently used unrestricted randomization, the differences in sample sizes between treatment and control groups were much smaller than would be expected due to chance. In reports of trials in which hypothesis tests had been used to compare baseline characteristics, only 2% of reported test results were statistically significant, lower than the expected rate of 5%. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —Proper randomization is required to generate unbiased comparison groups in controlled trials, yet the reports in these journals usually provided inadequate or unacceptable information on treatment allocation. Additional analyses suggest that nonrandom manipulation of comparison groups and selective reporting of baseline comparisons may have occurred. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1994;272:125-128)
FOLIC ACID DEFICIENCY IN MACROCYTIC ANEMIA OF PREGNANCY AND INFANCY
Journal: JAMA (1952)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Book Review A Clinical Study of Addison's Disease . By Leonard G. Rowntree, M.D., and Albert M. Snell, M.D. Division of Medicine, The Mayo Clinic and The Mayo Foundation, Rochester, Minnesota. 12mo of 317 pages with 41 illustrations. Philadelphia and London: W. B. Saunders Company, 1931. Cloth, $4.00 net.
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1931)
Nomogram for predicting axillary lymph node pathological complete response in node-positive breast cancer patients after neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
Authors: Wenyan Wang, Xin Wang, Xiang Wang, Jiaqi Liu, Pin Zhang
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2019)

e12090 Background: Pathological complete response (pCR) of axillary lymph nodes (ALNs) is frequently achieved in patients with clinically node-positive breast cancer after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC), and ALN status is an important prognostic factor for breast cancer patients. Our goal is to develop a new predictive clinical model to assess the axillary lymph node pCR rate after NAC. Methods: A retrospective series of 547 patients who had biopsy-proven positive ALNs at diagnosis and undergoing axillary lymph node dissection from 2007 to 2014 in National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences. We analyzed the clinicopathologic features and developed a nomogram to predict the probability of ALN pCR. Univariate assessment was performed using a logistic regression model. A multivariate logistic regression stepwise model was used to generate a nomogram to predict ALN pCR in node positive patients Variables with P &lt; 0.05 on multivariable analysis were included in the nomogram. The adjusted area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was calculated to quantify the ability to rank patients by risk. Internal validation was estimated using 50-50 hold out validation method. Nomogram was validated externally with the prospective cohort of 167 patients from 2016 to 2018. Results: In retrospective study, there were 172 (31.4%) patients achieved axillary pCR after NAC. Multivariate analysis indicated that clinical nodal (N) stage, hormone receptor (HR) status and clinical response of primary tumor after NAC were significant independent predictors for axillary pCR ( P&lt; 0.05). The NAC nomogram was based on these three variables. In the internal validation of performance, the AUCs for the training and test sets were 0.719 and 0.753, respectively. The nomogram was validated in an external cohort with an AUC of 0.734. Conclusions: We developed a nomogram to predict the likelihood of axillary pCR in node positive breast cancer patients after NAC. The predictive model performed well in prospective external validation. This practical tool could provide information to surgeons regarding whether to perform additional ALND after NAC.
Editorial: Anoxic-ischaemic brain injury.
Journal: BMJ (1974)

Resistance among Mlalaria Vectors Twenty years ago there were high hopes ofthe total elimination of malaria when the World Health Organization accepted the challenge of global eradication.In view of some gloomy later events it is as well to remember the positive achievements of this attempt.Mainly owing to house spraying with DDT nearly three-quarters of the 1,800 million people living in potentially malarious areas are now partially or completely protected from the disease.A world incidence of 300 million, with at least 3 million deaths, has been reduced to about 50 million with under 1 million deaths.Yet this is still far short of the successful reduction 6f other fatal vector-borne diseases.Cases of yellow fever and plague have been brought down to a few thousand and of typhus to 10 to 20 thousand.None is responsible for more than a few hundred deaths annually.Unfortunately the residual refractory endemic malarious area is vastly larger than similar foci of other vector-borne diseases.Further progress presents intractable difficulties, one of the most important being the
Retrograde Embolectomy
Authors: I Gonov
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Cytotoxic Action of Mineral Dusts on CHV 79 Cells in Vitro: Factors Affecting Toxicity
Authors: S. O. Lock, M. Chamberlain
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1983)

The cytotoxic action of a series of mineral dusts has been studied using Chinese hamster V79-4 cells obtained from three separate laboratories in the UK. The dusts which have been studied include samples of asbestos from the Union Internationale Contre le Cancer reference series and an internationally available sample of quartz (DQ12). Besides comparing results obtained with the three different cells, two alternative methods of exposing the cells to the dusts were also compared. The toxicity assay employed uses the inhibition of colony formation from a single cell suspension as a measure of toxicity. The numbers of colonies which grow in the presence of the various concentrations of the dusts are expressed as percentages of the colonies which grow in the untreated control cultures. The absolute toxicity of a dust was found to depend principally on the method of exposing the cells to the dust. However, differences in the relative toxicities of the dusts depended on the source of the cells. The implications of these results for experiments in which Chinese hamster V79-4 cells are used in in vitro test systems to assess the potential pathogenicity of mineral dusts are discussed.
Raising Health Care Quality: Process, Measures, and System Failure
Authors: J. M. Torpy
Journal: JAMA (2002)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal