tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Nederlands Tijdschr v Geneeskunde, Amsterdam
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Recovery of hypoxic neonatal hearts after cardioplegic arrest
Authors: D. M Feldbaum, L. J Kohman, L. J Veit
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1993)

Objectives: Surgery for repair of congenital heart defects in the infant may be affected by hypoxia associated with the defect. The effects of chronic hypoxia on systemic ventricular function are not well characterised and few studies have considered myocardial preservation in the hypoxic neonatal heart. The aim was to determine how chronic hypoxia would affect left ventricular function in neonatal rabbit hearts subjected to global ischaemia. Methods: Hearts from rabbits one, four, and six weeks of age and raised at 9% O2 were compared with hearts from rabbits raised in ambient air. Haemodynamic variables were measured with an isolated heart preparation before and after cardioplegic arrest. Creatine kinase was measured during reperfusion and myocardial oxygen consumption (MVo2) during ischaemia. Results: At all ages, hypoxic hearts had significantly lower peak dP/dt and contractility index (dP/dt/left ventricular pressure (LVP)) than normoxic controls. After ischaemia and reperfusion, one week hypoxic hearts did not differ significantly in recovery from controls. Four week hypoxic hearts had significantly higher stroke volume and aortic flow, and six week hearts had significantly higher coronary flow than age matched controls. Contractility index did not show significant differences between hypoxic and control animals at any age. Hypoxic hearts released less creatine kinase in the coronary effluent during reperfusion than did control hearts of similar age. Six week hypoxic hearts had significantly higher MVo2 measured during the second administration of cardioplegia compared with six week control hearts but MVo2 did not differ significantly at one and four weeks of age. Conclusions: Despite reduced baseline function, chronically hypoxic immature rabbit hearts can recover from an ischaemic insult as well as age matched controls, with less evidence of myocardial necrosis. This parallels clinical findings in cyanotic infants. Cardiovascular Research 1993;27:1123-1126
Impact of concurrent medications use on outcome of pancreatic cancer: SEER Medicare analysis.
Authors: Muhammad Shaalan Beg, Tyler Stewart, Ang Gao, Chul Ahn, Jarett Berry, Eric Mortensen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

378 Background: Preclinical studies have suggested concurrent non-antineoplastic medication use may impact pancreatic cancer. We performed an analysis to examine these associations on survival in pancreatic cancer. Methods: Data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER)-Medicare with available part D data between 2006 and 2009 were analyzed. Cases with non-adenocarcinoma histology, autopsy only and death certificate only data were excluded. Drug use was defined as having two prescriptions filled within 12 months of pancreatic cancer diagnosis. The following medications were analyzed: beta-blocker, statin, insulin, metformin, thiazolidinedione, warfarin and heparin. The primary end point was overall survival. Stepwise Cox proportional hazard models were employed including each medication group as well as age, gender, stage, site, grade, diabetes, race and Charlson comorbidity score. Results: There were 13,702 cases which met inclusion criteria and had available Part D data. Median age was 76 years, There were 42.5% males, 77.1% were white and 34.0%had diabetes. Head of the pancreas tumors accounted for 49.9% cases and 49.6% had stage 4 disease and at diagnosis. The results of the stepwise Cox proportional hazard models are summarized in table 1. Beta blockers, heparin, insulin, warfarin were associated were significantly with improved survival (p&lt;0.05). Conclusions: Concurrent medication use, particularly heparin, insulin warfarin and beta-blockers are associated with improved survival in patients with pancreatic cancer. Diabetes medications (metformin, TZD) did not have an impact in the multivariable model. Additional studies are needed to examine whether these medications may improve outcomes for patients with pancreatic cancer. [Table: see text]
Perifosine, an Oral Bioactive Novel Alkyl-Phospholipid, Inhibits Akt and Induces In Vitro and In Vivo Cytotoxicity in Human Multiple Myeloma (MM) Cells.
Authors: Teru Hideshima, Laurence Catley, Hiroshi Yasui, Kenji Ishitsuka, Noopur Raje, Constantine Mitsiades, Klaus Podar, Nikhil C. Munshi, Dharminder Chauhan, Paul G. Richardson, Kenneth C. Anderson
Journal: Blood (2005)
Steven Pickford
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Founder of the Northern Ireland Renal ServiceMollie McGeown overcame gender prejudice in 1950s Northern Ireland medicine to build a career that changed the lives of thousands of people affected by kidney failure.After completing an MD thesis on endocarditis followed by a PhD in biochemistry, she was awarded a five year Medical Research Council fellowship and went on to develop an international reputation in calcium metabolism, hyperparathyroidism, and kidney stone disease.In 1959 she was appointed to set up a dialysis service for Northern Ireland and carried out the first successful dialysis on a uraemic patient later that year.This was a pivotal moment for patients in Northern Ireland with kidney failure.Over 200 patients in Northern Ireland at that time died each year from this cause.In 1971 a young woman treated by Mollie for pregnancy related renal failure founded the Northern Ireland Kidney Research Fund, which has to date raised £3m (€4.38m; $5.6m).Mollie was the patron of this fund up to her death.
Government Laboratory Worker with Lung Cancer: Comparing Risks from Beryllium, Asbestos, and Tobacco Smoke
Authors: Craig Steinmaus, John R. Balmes
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2000)

Occupational medicine physicians are frequently asked to establish cancer causation in patients with both workplace and non-workplace exposures. This is especially difficult in cases involving beryllium for which the data on human carcinogenicity are limited and controversial. In this report we present the case of a 73-year-old former technician at a government research facility who was recently diagnosed with lung cancer. The patient is a former smoker who has worked with both beryllium and asbestos. He was referred to the University of California, San Francisco, Occupational and Environmental Medicine Clinic at San Francisco General Hospital for an evaluation of whether past workplace exposures may have contributed to his current disease. The goal of this paper is to provide an example of the use of data-based risk estimates to determine causation in patients with multiple exposures. To do this, we review the current knowledge of lung cancer risks in former smokers and asbestos workers, and evaluate the controversies surrounding the epidemiologic data linking beryllium and cancer. Based on this information, we estimated that the patient's risk of lung cancer from asbestos was less than his risk from tobacco smoke, whereas his risk from beryllium was approximately equal to his risk from smoking. Based on these estimates, the patient's workplace was considered a probable contributing factor to his development of lung cancer.
PLoS Medicine Issue Image | Vol. 7(2) February 2010
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2010)

In this month's Editorial, the PLoS Medicine editors announce that they will no longer consider papers for which support in whole or in part for the study or the researchers comes from a tobacco company. As a medical journal, this policy is important for two reasons, say the editors: First, tobacco is indisputably bad for health. And second, the editors remain concerned about the tobacco industry's long-standing and well-documented attempts to distort the science of and deflect attention away from the harmful effects of smoking. Image Credit: myuibe at flickr.com
Phase I trial of sorafenib in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients after liver transplantation (LT).
Authors: A. B. Siegel, R. Hidalgo, D. Tsushima, J. Zaretsky, J. Emond, T. Kato, R. S. Brown
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

TPS172 Background: Liver transplantation offers long term survival for 75-80% of HCC patients within Milan and UCSF criteria. For those who fall outside, rates of recurrence are higher. There are no known treatments which decrease risk of recurrence post-transplant. Sorafenib is a multi-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor against VEGFR2-3, PDGFR and Raf, and is the only approved HCC drug in the US. We began a Phase I study of sorafenib in high-risk HCC patients after liver transplantation at our center. Methods: Eligible subjects had biopsy-proven HCC outside Milan criteria preoperatively or at explant, poorly differentiated tumors, or tumors with microvascular invasion. We began a phase I dose-escalation study, beginning drug between 4 and 12 weeks after liver transplantation, with a planned duration of treatment of 6 months. Cohort dosages are as follows: 1) 200 mg q day, 2) 200 mg BID, 3) 200 mg/400 mg, and 4) 400 mg BID. Correlative studies include circulating endothelial cells (CECs), sVEGFR1 and IL-6. These are being collected prior to treatment, at 1 month, and at recurrence as possible predictive and prognostic biomarkers. We have enrolled 7 patients out of a planned 24. Median age is 65, and all are men. Underlying etiologies include HCV (5), HBV (1) and ETOH (1). 5 patients (71%) were within Milan on imaging (1 tumor ≤5cm, 3 or fewer tumors each ≤3 cm, and no vascular invasion); 3 of these were upstaged when explants were examined. 6 (86%) were within UCSF criteria (1 lesion ≤6.5 cm, 2-3 lesions each ≤ 4.5 cm, with total tumor diameter ≤8 cm) on explant. 2 subjects had vascular invasion on explant, and 3 had high grade disease. We have completed the first cohort. Mean follow up is 355 days, and mean time on sorafenib is 148 days. The maximum tolerated dose to date is 200 mg/day. Most patients are within UCSF criteria, so we would expect relatively low recurrence rates, but it is still reassuring that we have had no recurrences thus far, and have seen no grade 4 or 5 toxicities. Our phase I study is being expanded to other sites to increase accrual, and a phase III study may be considered in patients with a higher risk of recurrence who fall outside the Milan and/or UCSF criteria.
The E-SCREEN Assay as a Tool to Identify Estrogens: An Update on Estrogenic Environmental Pollutants
Authors: Ana M. Soto, Carlos Sonnenschein, Kerrie L. Chung, Mariana F. Fernandez, Nicolas Olea, Fatima Olea Serrano
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1995)

Estrogens are defined by their ability to induce the proliferation of cells of the female genital tract.The wide chemical diversity of estrogenic compounds precludes an accurate prediction of estrogenic activity on the basis of chemical structure.Rodent bioassays are not suited for the large-scale screening of chemicals before their release into the environment because of their cost, complexity, and ethical concerns.The E-SCREEN assay was developed to assess the estrogenicity of environmental chemicals using the proliferative effect of estrogens on their target cells as an end point.This quantitative assay compares the cell number achieved by similar inocula of MCF-7 cells in the absence of estrogens (negative control) and in the presence of 1 7,B-estradiol (positive control) and a range of concentrations of chemicals suspected to be estrogenic.Among the compounds tested, several "new" estrogens were found; alkylphenols, phthalates, some PCB congeners and hydroxylated PCBs, and the insecticides dieldrin, endosulfan, and toxaphene were estrogenic by the E-SCREEN assay.In addition, these compounds competed with estradiol for binding to the estrogen receptor and increased the levels of progesterone receptor and pS2 in MCF-7 cells, as expected from estrogen mimics.Recombinant human growth factors (bFGF, EGF, IGF-1) and insulin did not increase cell yields.The aims of the work summarized in this paper were a) to validate the E-SCREEN assay; b) to screen a variety of chemicals present in the environment to identify those that may be causing reproductive effects in wildlife and humans; c) to assess whether environmental estrogens may act cumulatively; and finally d) to discuss the reliability of this and other assays to screen chemicals for their estrogenicity before they are released into the environment.-
Bed utilization studies for community planning
Authors: R. L. Berg
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Bed utilization studies were used for planning the number of acute care hospital beds needed in Rochester, NY. Local physician observers estimated that 14.3% of patients hospitalized on a given day could receive appropriate care in less costly facilities, while out-of-town physicians would have placed 18.8% of the patients elsewhere. With such a review of randomly selected patients, a direct estimate of the kinds of facilities needed could be made. The decision in Rochester was to build fewer additional acute care beds and more extended care beds.
Making the Connection
Authors: Allison R. Schulman, Ali Tavakkoli, Christopher C. Thompson, Amy L. Miller, Joseph Loscalzo
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2017)

A 41-year-old man with a BMI of 49.1 undergoes Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Eight years later, he presents to his primary care physician with pain in the epigastric region and the left upper quadrant of the abdomen that is exacerbated by eating.
Role of Metabolic Activation in the Carcinogenicity of Estrogens: Studies in an Animal Liver Tumor Model
Authors: Manfred Metzler, Gunter Blaich, Angelika M. Tritscher
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1990)

Male Syrian golden hamsters chronically exposed to certain synthetic estrogens such as diethylstilbestrol (DES) or 17 alpha-ethinylestradiol (EE2) and fed a diet containing 7,8-benzoflavone (BF) develop a high incidence of liver tumors. No such tumors are found in animals treated with estrogen or BF alone. To clarify the role of metabolic activation of the estrogen and BF in the mechanism of hepatocarcinogenesis in this animal model, the effects of pretreatment with DES and EE2 alone and in combination with BF on the metabolism of DES, EE2, and BF in hepatic microsomes, isolated hepatocytes, and hamster bile were studied. Hamsters were pretreated for up to 32 weeks. The results clearly show that DES metabolism was not significantly modified under any pretreatment regimen. EE2 metabolism exhibited a slight increase in 2-hydroxylation after pretreatment with BF and with BF plus EE2. The most pronounced effect was observed in BF metabolism after pretreatment with BF, with BF plus DES, and with BF plus EE2: the metabolic rate was increased and several new metabolites that were not found in untreated or estrogen-pretreated animals were formed. These metabolites were tentatively identified as BF-dihydrodiol and dihydroxy-BFs. The formation of these new BF metabolites was accompanied by a change in the activities of certain cytochrome P-450 isoenzymes in hamster liver microsomes. The results of this study imply that metabolic activation of BF rather than of the estrogens plays an important role in the mechanism of carcinogenesis in this animal liver tumor model.
Facilitated diffusion and sodium-dependent transport of purine and pyrimidine nucleosides in rat liver
Authors: A Holstege
Journal: Hepatology (1991)

In mammalian cells, nucleoside transport usually is mediated by facilitated diffusion. In addition, a Na+-dependent, concentrative nucleoside transport system has been detected in several tissues but not the liver. To further clarify hepatic nucleoside transport mechanisms, we measured the uptake of [2-14C]uridine (2 to 100 μmol/L) and of [8-14C]adenosine (10 to 75 μmol/L) by the isolated perfused rat liver in the presence or absence of extracellular sodium or specific inhibitors of facilitated nucleoside diffusion. Uridine transport and metabolism were monitored by the release of labeled catabolites including 14CO2, which indicated complete degradation of the pyrimidine. Adenosine, uridine and uridine catabolites were measured in the effluent perfusate by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography and a radioactivity flow monitor. The existence of a Na+-dependent nucleoside transport system could be inferred from the following observations: (a) Sodium depletion caused a strong inhibition of nucleoside transport reflected by an up to threefold and 15-fold increase in extracellular uridine and adenosine, respectively. The sodiumdependent transport of uridine was saturated when the influent uridine concentration was raised beyond 20 μmol/L. No such saturation was observed for much higher concentrations of adenosine used (10 to 75 μmol/L). (b) Na+-free perfusion resulted in a strong suppression of the release of uridine catabolites by the liver. Complete uridine breakdown was depressed to 7% of the amount of 14CO2 released in the presence of sodium and at influent uridine concentrations below 20 μmol/L. (c) Inhibition of uridine (10 μmol/L) transport and degradation was observed after coperfusion with adenosine, deoxyadenosine, guanosine and deoxyguanosine. No effect was obtained with cytidine, deoxycytidine, thymidine or hypoxanthine (100 μmol/L each), indicating a specificity identical to that reported for one of the sodium-dependent transport systems from other tissues. (d) Na+-free perfusion further enhanced the effects on nucleoside uptake of specific inhibitors of the nucleoside facilitateddiffusion transporter (dipyridamol, S-(4-nitrobenzyl)-6-thioinosine; 50μmol/L). The results of our experiments demonstrate the presence of a sodiumdependent and a sodium-independent nucleoside transport system in the isolated perfused rat liver. (HEPATOLOGY 1991;14:373–380.)
Lectures in Dynamic Psychiatry.
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
THE JEWELL LIBRARY.
Journal: JAMA (1889)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Basophilic-eosinophilic meningitis in an undifferentiated myeloproliferative disorder
Authors: J. P. Jaffe
Journal: JAMA (1983)

BASOPHILIA and eosinophilia are common findings during an "accelerated phase" of chronic myeloproliferative disorders, particularly chronic myelogenous leukemia.<sup>1,2</sup>When these diseases involve the meninges, it is invariably as "leukemic meningitis," usually during the blastic transformation to acute leukemia, and blasts are the primary cell found in the CSF.<sup>3</sup>A case of an undifferentiated myeloproliferative disorder (Philadelphia chromosome negative) occurred, in which the terminal event was characterized by a severe infiltration of the meninges with basophils and, to a lesser extent, eosinophils, without the presence of leukemic blasts. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 40-year-old woman was seen at the hospital 2 1/2 years before her present admission with vaginal bleeding, leukocytosis (116,000/cu mm, with 1% blast forms, 2% myelocytes, 9% metamyelocytes, 34% band forms, 38% polymorphonuclear leukocytes, 3% lymphocytes, 2% monocytes, 1% basophils, and 2% eosinophils), thrombocytosis (3,500,000/cu mm), a normal bone marrow karyotype, a leukocyte alkaline phosphatase score
Miscellanea Medica
Authors: Phil Gunby
Journal: JAMA (1989)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal