tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
DNA Damage Induced in Cultured Human Alveolar (L-132) Cells by Exposure to Dimethylarsinic Acid
Authors: Koichi Kato, Hirotaka Hayashi, Akira Hasegawa, Kenzo Yamanaka, Shoji Okada
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1994)

Gene damage in cultured human alveolar (L-132) cells induced by exposure to dimethylarsinic acid (DMAA), a major metabolite of inorganic arsenics in mammals, was studied.DNA single-strand breaks and DNA-protein cross-links were induced by the treatment of L-132 cells with 10 mM DMAA.These kinds of damage appeared at 8 hr after start of exposure to DMAA.As regards DNA-protein cross-links, the DNA was found to bind not only to core histone proteins but also linker histone (Hi) and nonhistone proteins.Furthermore, the cross-links were formed by the binding to serine or thre- onine residues of Hi or nonhistone proteins through phosphate moieties of the DNA.The induction of the alkali-labile sites in DNA in DMAA-treated L-132 cells was observed prior to that of DNA single-strand breaks and DNA-protein cross-links.As one of the alkali-labile sites in DNA, we esti- mated apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) sites in DNA.The present study suggests that the DNA single-strand breaks and DNA-protein cross-links induced by the treatment of L-132 cells with DMAA occurred via the formation of AP sites in the DNA and that the DNA-protein cross-links were produced by a Schiff-base reaction between amino groups of nuclear proteins and aldehyde groups of AP sites in the DNA and the DNA single-strand breaks, by a ,-elimination reaction on AP sites in the DNA.-
Postgraduate Course on Functional and Stereotactic Neurosurgery
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1985)

Journal Article Postgraduate Course on Functional and Stereotactic Neurosurgery Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 75, Issue 4, October 1985, Page 800, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/75.4.800 Published: 01 October 1985
An Overview of Techniques for the Measurement of Calcium Distribution, Calcium Fluxes, and Cytosolic Free Calcium in Mammalian Cells
Authors: Andre B. Borle
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1990)

An array of techniques can be used to study cell calcium metabolism that comprises several calcium compartments and many types of transport systems such as ion channels, ATP-dependent pumps, and antiporters. The measurement of total cell calcium brings little information of value since 60 to 80% of total cell calcium is actually bound to the extracellular glycocalyx. Cell fractionation and differential centrifugation have been used to study intracellular Ca2+ compartmentalization, but the methods suffer from the possibility of Ca2+ loss or redistribution among cell fractions. Steady-state kinetic analyses of 45Ca uptake or desaturation curves have been used to study the distribution of Ca2+ among various kinetic pools in living cells and their rate of Ca2+ exchange, but the analyses are constrained by many limitations. Nonsteady-state tracer studies can provide information about rapid changes in calcium influx or efflux in and out of the cell. Zero-time kinetics of 45Ca uptake can detect instantaneous changes in calcium influx, while 45Ca fractional efflux ratio, can detect rapid stimulations or inhibitions of calcium efflux out of cells. Permeabilized cells have been successfully used to gauge the relative role of intracellular organelles in controlling [Ca2+]i. The measurement of the cytosolic ionized calcium ([Ca2+]i) is undoubtedly the most important and, physiologically, the most relevant method available. The choice of the appropriate calcium indicator, fluorescent, bioluminescent, metallochromic, or Ca2(+)-sensitive microelectrodes depends on the cell type and the magnitude and time constant of the event under study. Each probe has specific assets and drawbacks. The study of plasma membrane vesicles derived from baso-lateral or apical plasmalemma can also bring important information on the (Ca2(+)-Mg2+) ATPase-dependent calcium pump and on the kinetics and stoichiometry of the Na(+)-Ca2+ antiporter. The best strategy to study cell calcium metabolism is to use several different methods that focus on a specific problem from widely different angles.
JAMA and AIDS: too much? Not enough?
Authors: Allan R. Tunkel
Journal: JAMA (1989)

<h3>To the Editor. —</h3> In the Letter to the Editor that appeared in the January 27 issue of<i>JAMA</i>, Dr Kubin<sup>1</sup>asks that<i>JAMA</i>restrict the publication of articles about the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). I disagree with many of his statements. First, he maintains that practicing physicians are inundated with information about AIDS and that almost every issue of<i>JAMA</i>has an article about AIDS. It may seem that way to Dr Kubin, but the overall percentage of articles and letters concerning AIDS is not that great. To illustrate this point, I reviewed the table of contents of all issues of<i>JAMA</i>during the calendar year 1988, including all articles about AIDS, AIDS-related complex, or AIDS risk factors. As can be seen in the Table, only 13.1% of all articles published in<i>JAMA</i>over that period concerned AIDS. On further breakdown by journal section, the work of researchers
Special Article.IMMUNITY.
Journal: JAMA (1905)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Table of Contents
Authors: Morgan Fullerton, Marica Bakovic, Samira Bouanane, Hafida Merzouk, Nacira Benkalfat, Nassima Soulimane, Sid Merzouk, Joseph Gresti, Christian Tessier, Michel Narce, Lung-An Hsu, Chi-Jen Chang, Semon Wu, Ming-Sheng Teng, Hsin-Hua Chou, Hsien-Hsun Chang, Pi-Yueh Chang, Yu-Lin Ko, Kuo-Ting Ho, Ming-Yuh Shiau, Yih-Hsin Chang, Chuan-Mu Chen, Shun-Chun Yang, Chien-Ning Huang, Leonard Van Der Zwan, Tom Teerlink, Jacqueline Dekker, Ronald Henry, D Stehouwer, Cornelis Jakobs, Robert Heine, Peter Scheffer, Alireza Esteghamati, Omid Khalilzadeh, Haleh Ashraf, Ali Zandieh, Afsaneh Morteza, Armin Rashidi, Alipasha Meysamie, Manouchehr Nakhjavani
Journal: Metabolism (2010)
Health System Reform: Will Controlling Cost Require Rationing Services?
Authors: Robert Matz
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Dr Eddy's outstanding analysis of the health system apparently accepts the conventional wisdom method of allocating medical costs.<sup>1</sup>This, in overly simplistic terms, is akin to the "captive syndrome" where the prisoners begin to identify with their captors. McGinnis and Foege<sup>2</sup>have reclassified the leading causes of death (and indirectly morbidity and health care cost) and estimate, for example, that 400000 deaths (19%) per year are related to tobacco use, 300 000 (14%) are related to diet and activity patterns, 100 000 (5%) are alcohol associated, 35000 (2%) are caused by firearms, and so forth. Much of this mortality and morbidity is related to the socioeconomic status of the victim. The issue thus becomes where on the balance sheet should one place the cost of dealing with this societal burden? In recent years the medical profession has accepted the results of societal and individual imprudence
Gastric Erosions
Authors: W. Roesch, R. Ottenjann
Journal: Endoscopy (1970)

During 1859 gastroscopies in patients with upper gastrointestinal tract symptoms, 79 patients with gastric erosions were found. These erosions were classified as hemorrhagic-erosive gastritis, incomplete and complete erosions. In 60 patients a directed forceps biopsy was performed, in one third the floor of the erosion showing fibrinoid necrosis or the elevated border with foveolar pseudohyperplasia could be demonstrated. Most patients with erosions showed hyperchlorhydria, the middle age group seemed more often affected. Repeated examinations in several patients revealed a great healing tendency of erosions, usually within 2–8 days, but in some patients the lesions persisted for up to two years.
Medical oncology at a USAF Regional Hospital
Authors: N. H. Siegel
Journal: JAMA (1972)

Medical oncology, a subspecialty of internal medicine, has increasing relevance to the practice of Air Force medicine because of the rapidly expanding population of military retirees and their dependents, as evidenced by the medical oncology program at the USAF Regional Hospital, Carswell Air Force Base. Eighty-one percent of the 79 patients managed in this series had this eligibility. The advantages of regional care, both to the patient and the USAF hospital system, are significant. An oncologist should be assigned to a hospital where his skills can be most effectively utilized in the care of the patient with advanced cancer.
MCAT: desperately seeking med school
Authors: B. B. Dan
Journal: JAMA (1988)

I AM not certain why I decided to take the Medical College Admission Test (MCAT) again, 18 years after my first confrontation with it. Perhaps it was idle curiosity or perhaps a desire to see firsthand what changes had occurred in the test (or in me) so many years later. My attempt at repeating the exam wouldn't be the first such try. Robert Powers<sup>1</sup>had previously published an insightful and carefully documented account of a similar endeavor. In fact, in reading his essay, I am struck by how closely his observations parallel my own. See also p 389. Like Powers, I thought that I might be an apt guinea pig for this uncontrolled adventure. Over the years, I have been asked to submit to virtually every optically scanned multiple-choice English-language examination that educators have yet devised. Since the 10th grade, I have taken the following in chronological order: Essential
Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography. A plea for selective use
Authors: G. M. Saypol
Journal: JAMA (1974)

ON Dec 18, 1950, I saw a 76-year-old white woman at Manhattan State Hospital, New York City, who was jaundiced and semicomatose, with an enlargement of the liver three finger-breadths below the right subcostal margin, and in whom liver function studies showed extrahepatic obstructive jaundice. Permission for surgery was refused by the family, but consent was given for the insertion of a needle into the liver, in an effort to obtain a cholangiogram. With the patient lying flat in bed, suction was applied with a syringe that was attached to an 18-gauge short-beveled spinal needle. The needle was then inserted into the right subcostal area and directed towards an enlarged major bile duct. On obtaining white bile, 40 ml of 35% iodopyracet (Diodrast) was injected, and with a portable x-ray machine, a cholangiogram was made. Polyethylene tubing was inserted through the lumen of the needle, the lumen was withdrawn, and
What’s the best treatment for inherited hard skin on the palms and soles?
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2021)

Palmoplantar keratoderma (PPK) is a condition where the patient has thick, hard skin on the palms and soles. It can cause considerable discomfort and impairment of function. This problem is sometimes inherited (hPPK). There are many varieties of hPPK which are all uncommon. They show considerable variation in presentation, severity, genetics and associated abnormalities.
Erratum for the Research Article: “Squalene epoxidase drives NAFLD-induced hepatocellular carcinoma and is a pharmaceutical target” by D. Liu, C. C. Wong, L. Fu, H. Chen, L. Zhao, C. Li, Y. Zhou, Y. Zhang, W. Xu, Y. Yang, B. Wu, G. Cheng, P. B.-S. Lai, N. Wong, J. J. Y. Sung, J. Yu
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2018)
Medical Schools in Canada
Journal: JAMA (1986)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Ion channels in the cardiovascular system: Function and dysfunction Edited by P.M. Spooner, A.M. Brown, W.A. Catterall, G.J. Kaczorowski and H.C. Strauss. 580 pp., $85.00 US (hardback), Armonk, NY, USA: Futura Inc., 1994. ISBN 0-87993-591-X
Authors: J Faivre
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1995)
Radionuclides in the Lichen-Caribou-Human Food Chain near Uranium Mining Operations in Northern Saskatchewan, Canada
Authors: Patricia A. Thomas, Thomas E. Gates
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1999)

The richest uranium ore bodies ever discovered (Cigar Lake and McArthur River) are presently under development in northeastern Saskatchewan. This subarctic region is also home to several operating uranium mines and aboriginal communities, partly dependent upon caribou for subsistence. Because of concerns over mining impacts and the efficient transfer of airborne radionuclides through the lichen-caribou-human food chain, radionuclides were analyzed in tissues from 18 barren-ground caribou (Rangifer tarandus groenlandicus). Radionuclides included uranium (U), radium (226Ra), lead (210Pb), and polonium (210Po) from the uranium decay series; the fission product (137Cs) from fallout; and naturally occurring potassium (40K). Natural background radiation doses average 2-4 mSv/year from cosmic rays, external gamma rays, radon inhalation, and ingestion of food items. The ingestion of 210Po and 137Cs when caribou are consumed adds to these background doses. The dose increment was 0.85 mSv/year for adults who consumed 100 g of caribou meat per day and up to 1.7 mSv/year if one liver and 10 kidneys per year were also consumed. We discuss the cancer risk from these doses. Concentration ratios (CRs), relating caribou tissues to lichens or rumen (stomach) contents, were calculated to estimate food chain transfer. The CRs for caribou muscle ranged from 1 to 16% for U, 6 to 25% for 226Ra, 1 to 2% for 210Pb, 6 to 26% for 210Po, 260 to 370% for 137Cs, and 76 to 130% for 40K, with 137Cs biomagnifying by a factor of 3-4. These CRs are useful in predicting caribou meat concentrations from the lichens, measured in monitoring programs, for the future evaluation of uranium mining impacts on this critical food chain.
Subgroup analysis of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) treated with regorafenib (REG) in the phase 3b CONSIGN trial who had progression-free survival (PFS) >4 months (m)
Authors: L. Salvatore, F. Ciardiello, S. Cascinu, A. Sobrero, C. Banzi, C. Barone, F. Gelsomino, E. Maiello, S. Siena, F. Bergamo, G. Cartenì, F. Di Costanzo, M. Di Bartolomeo, L. Rimassa, A. Russo, M. Moscovici, E. Van Cutsem, A. Grothey, A. Zaniboni
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2016)
A STUDY OF THE MILIARY PLAQUES FOUND IN BRAINS OF THE AGED
Authors: SOLOMON C. FULLER
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1912)

The following errata in Dr. Fuller's article in the Journal. for October, 1911, should be noted: Page 147, Section II of Contents, for "Spirotrichia" read "Sphærotrichia." Page 150, last line, for "Aufbau" read "Abbau." Page 195, 3d line of Section VIII, for "8 of microcephalic idiocy" read "1 of microcephalic idiocy." Page 204, 5th line from top, for "eight of the plaque cases" read "nine of the plaque cases." Page 210, 11th line from the bottom, for "8 of the cases" read "9 of the cases." Page 213, reference 1, for "Bd. 2" read "Bd. 3."
Infectious Diseases of the Fetus and Newborn Infant
Authors: Leslie L. Barton
Journal: JAMA (1984)

Remington and Klein have both written and edited a truly scholarly and readable treatise on the<i>Infectious Diseases of the Fetus and Newborn Infant</i>. This comprehensive book is divided into 30 chapters ranging from general concepts of perinatal infections to viral, bacterial, fungal, and nosocomial infections. Each chapter opens with a brief outline of its contents that includes the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of the disease entity discussed. The tables are lucid, the illustrations excellent, and the references extensive and up-to-date. The book is well edited so that duplications are kept to a minimum despite the participation of 36 authors. New information acquired related to perinatal infections, since the publication of the first edition of this book seven years ago, has been obviously incorporated into the second edition. In their great effort to remain up-to-date, the authors of the chapter on listeriosis have even recommended a
Preoperative cetuximab and radiation (XRT) for patients (pts) with surgically resectable esophageal and gastroesophageal (GE) junction carcinomas: A pilot study from the Hoosier Oncology Group and the University of Texas-Southwestern
Authors: M. M. Sgroi, N. H. Hanna, A. D. McCollum, N. Bechar, M. DiMaio, Z. Hammoud, M. Yu, H. Choy, C. R. Becerra
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

4564 Background: Pre-operative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) followed by surgical resection is a standard treatment option for pts with resectable esophageal or GE junction carcinomas. Cetuximab, when combined with XRT is effective treatment for locally advanced cancers of the head and neck. We conducted this study to evaluate this regimen in pts with esophageal and GE junction cancer. Methods: This is a single arm, open label pilot study combining cetuximab with XRT for pts with resectable esophageal and GE junction carcinomas. The primary objective is to determine the pathologic complete response rate (pCR) and determine the feasibility and toxicity of this regimen when given prior to esophagectomy. If 5 or more pCR's are reported in the first 22 pts treated, enrollment continues with 19 additional pts. Key eligibility criteria are: squamous cell or adenocarcinoma of the esophagus or GE junction, ECOG PS 0–2, clinical stage II -IVa, and eligible for esophagectomy. Pts received a loading dose of cetuximab at 400mg/m2 2 weeks prior to radiation, then weekly at 250 mg/m2 starting one week prior to XRT until completion of 50.4 Gy XRT. After satisfactory recovery, pts had esophagectomy. Results: As of 11/2007, 22 pts have been registered. Median age is 62 yrs (54–82yrs); male/female 87%/12%; PS 0/1 64%/32%; esophageal/GE junction 62%/33%. 17 pts have completed cetuximab and radiation and 15 pts have undergone esophagectomy. G3 adverse events were infrequent and included rash, dysphagia, infection, and GI hemorrhage in only 1 patient each (4.5%). There are no surgery related deaths. Of the 15 pts who have undergone esophagectomy, 5 achieved a pCR, meeting the criteria to continue to full study enrollment (n=41). Conclusions: Cetuximab and XRT results in pCR's in pts with esophageal and GE junction cancer and is associated with infrequent G3 toxicities. The study met the criteria to continue to full accrual. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Expert Testimony Other Remuneration AstraZeneca Oncology, Aventis, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Eli Lilly, Genentech™ BioOncology, GPC Biotech, ImClone Systems Incorporated AstraZeneca Oncology, Aventis, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Eli Lilly, Genentech™ BioOncology, GPC Biotech, ImClone Systems Incorporated, sanofi-aventis Bayer, Eli Lilly, ImClone Systems Incorporated
The electronegative low-density lipoprotein in patients with chronic hepatitis C infection
Authors: Chia-Yen Dai, Yi-Shan Tsai, Chung-Feng Huang, Ching-I Huang, Ming-Lun Yeh, Pei-Chien Tsai, Jee-Fu Huang, Wan-Long Chuang, Ming-Lung Yu
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2020)
Basic and Clinical Aspects of Therapy in Advanced Cancer
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1967)

Journal Article Basic and Clinical Aspects of Therapy in Advanced Cancer Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 39, Issue 1, July 1967, Page 171, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/39.1.171-a Published: 01 July 1967
Highlights
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2019)

App-Based Virtual Reality Therapy for Acrophobia 682Self-help methods using smartphone applications and low-cost virtual reality may improve the accessibility and scalability of psychological treatments.Donker and colleagues conducted a randomized clinical trial with 193 adults comparing the effectiveness of a selfguided app-based virtual reality cognitive behavior therapy intervention for acrophobia with a wait-list control group and found that the app-based therapy led to a significant reduction in acrophobia symptoms at 3 months.These results indicate that a low-cost, fully selfguided app-based therapy at home can be beneficial in acrophobia.Continuing Medical Education jamanetwork.com/learning Nitroprusside Fails to Improve Symptoms in Schizophrenia 691There is a great need for treatments that can improve symptoms of schizophrenia in the short term.Brown and colleagues conducted a randomized clinical trial to examine the efficacy of immediate administration of sodium nitroprusside to improve positive or negative symptoms in schizophrenia.They enrolled 52 participants into 1 of 3 treatment sequences and found no improvement in either positive or negative symptoms.In an Editorial, Kapur and Munafò, mentioning a previously positive clinical trial with nitroprusside, point out that trials of this nature need to be adequately powered for typically found effect sizes.