tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Protective effects of N-acetylcysteine on hypothermic ischemia-reperfusion injury of rat liver
Authors: H NAKANO
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

We investigated whether intraportal injection of 150 mg/kg N-acetylcysteine (NAC) into rats reduced hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury after 48 hours of cold storage and 2 hours of reperfusion. The organ was isolated and perfused to evaluate liver function. The control group received an intraportal injection of 5% dextrose. NAC increased L-cysteine concentrations 15 minutes after injection (1.29 ± 0.11 μmol/g vs. 2.68 ± 0.4 μmol/g,P < .05). However, neither treatment modified glutathione liver concentrations relative to preinjection values. After 48 hours of cold storage and 2 hours of reperfusion, livers from NAC-treated rats produced larger amounts of bile than those in the control group (5.04 ± 1.92 vs. 0.72 ± 0.37 μL/g liver; P < .05), and showed a significant reduction in liver injury, as indicated by reduced release of lactate dehydrogenase (679.4 ± 174.4 vs. 1891.3 ± 268.3 IU/L/g; P < .01), aspartate transaminase (AST) (13.94 ± 3.5 vs. 38.75 IU/L/g; P < .01), alanine transaminase (ALT) (14.92 ± 4.09 vs. 45.91 ± 10.58 IU/L/g; P < .05), and acid phosphatase, a marker of Kupffer cell injury (344.4 ± 89.6 vs. 927.3 ± 150.8 IU/L/g; P < .01) in the perfusate. Reduced glutathione concentrations in the perfusate were similar in the two groups (805 ± 69 vs. 798 ± 252 nmol/L/g), whereas oxidized glutathione (GSSG) concentrations were higher in the control group (967 ± 137 vs. 525 ± 126 nmol/L/g; P < .05). Reduced glutathione (GSH) concentrations in liver tissue collected at the end of perfusion were significantly higher in the NAC group (7.3 ± 0.9 vs. 4.1 ± 1.0 μmol/g; P < .05). The protective effect of NAC on cold ischemia-reperfusion liver injury persisted when animals were pretreated with buthionine sulfoximine (BSO), a specific inhibitor of glutathione synthesis. Our results suggest that NAC enhances the concentrations of cysteine within hepatocytes, providing a substrate for glutathione synthesis during reperfusion. They also indicate that NAC has a direct protective effect on Kupffer cells, which are the first source of reactive oxygen intermediates during reperfusion. (HEPATOLOGY 1995; 22:539–545.)
Massachusetts Medical Society
Authors: Eliot Hubbard
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1964)

DEATHSAdams — Winthrop Adams, M.D., of Bedford, died on March 12. He was in his seventy-seventh year.Dr. Adams received his degree from Tufts College Medical School in 1915. He was formerly chief medical director of the Veterans Administration and director of the Bedford Veterans Administration Hospital. He was a member of the American Medical Association and the American Psychiatric Association and a fellow of the American College of Physicians.He is survived by his widow and a daughter.Benjamin — Aubrey C. Benjamin, M.D., of Chelsea, died on March 8. He was in his sixty-eighth year.Dr. Benjamin . . .
Metformin
Authors: Clifford J. Bailey, Robert C. Turner
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1996)

Metformin (dimethylbiguanide) is an orally administered drug used to lower blood glucose concentrations in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM).1 It improves insulin sensitivity and thus decreases the insulin resistance that is prevalent in NIDDM. The efficacy of glycemic control achieved with metformin is similar to that achieved with sulfonylureas, although their modes of action differ. Metformin can be used either as initial therapy or as an additional drug when sulfonylurea therapy alone is inadequate. In this article we shall discuss the pharmacology and clinical use of metformin, which is now available in the United States.The Burden of Non-Insulin-Dependent . . .
Rheumatoid Arthritis. Discussions in Patient Management.
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1981)

This soft-backed section of Home Management is remarkably good value for £3-00.The layout remains the same as in previous editions, and both the pictures and the text are clear and well laid out.The only illustration I found difficult was that of international textile care labelling, which was so small that those with poor eyesight would have difficulty in reading it.This series of booklets should be in every rheumatology department.Physicians would not be wasting their time if they read the general introduction to each section when looking up a particular problem.The series is a mine of practical and useful information.
A Common Signaling Cascade May Underlie “Addiction” to the Src, BCR-ABL, and EGF Receptor Oncogenes
Authors: Sreenath V. Sharma, Patrycja Gajowniczek, Inna Way, Diana Lee, Jane Jiang, Yuki Yuza, Marie Classon, Daniel A. Haber, Jeffrey Settleman
Journal: Cancer Cell (2009)
Abstract 268: Engineering of transgenic mice expressing human mesothelin for investigation of mesothelin-targeted therapeutics
Authors: Xianyu Zhang, Brendan Hagerty, Theresa Guerin, Norene O'Sullivan, Serguei Kozlov, Christine Alewine
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Most monoclonal antibody-based therapeutics are specific for the human isoform of their targets and do not cross-react with orthologous mouse isoforms. This frequently limits pre-clinical modeling to human-derived tumors growing in immune compromised mice and precludes combination studies with immune modulating agents which rely on an active immune system for activity. Although introduction of human cDNA into mouse tumor cells will make these cells susceptible to targeting, a syngeneic mouse may reject or partially reject cells bearing the foreign transgene, impacting anti-tumor efficacy studies. Mesothelin (MSLN) is the target of many cell- and antibody-based therapies that have reached clinical trials due to its lack of expression in critical normal tissues and robust expression in many solid tumors. We have generated two distinct transgenic C57/Bl6 mouse models with compartment-limited expression of human MSLN (hMSLN) for use in pre-clinical testing of MSLN-targeted therapeutics: 1) TPO/hMSLN mice express full-length hMSLN from an insulated rat thyroid peroxidase gene promoter. Analysis by RT-PCR, immunoblot and IHC demonstrate strong thyroid-specific expression hMSLN. 2) In Nor/hMSLN mice, the hMSLN coding region was inserted as a full-length cDNA into the native mMSLN locus via a homologous recombination knock-in technique such that hMSLN is expressed in place of the mouse isoform under the control of endogenous murine MSLN transcription regulatory elements. IHC studies show expected expression of hMSLN in mouse pleura, pericardium and peritoneum. Shed hMSLN can be readily detected in the serum of both transgenic lines using ELISA, similar to human patients. Treatment of either model with MSLN-targeted immunotoxin LMB-100 at the maximum dose tolerated by non-transgenic C57/Bl6 mice resulted in no gross toxicity. Histologic analysis revealed subclinical pericarditis in Nor/hMSLN mice. No post-treatment thyroid damage was observed in TPO/hMSLN mice even upon detailed histologic examination of thyroid tissue. Syngeneic mouse pancreatic cancer cells expressing hMSLN transgene implanted orthotopically into TPO/hMSLN or Nor/hMSLN grew as well or better as those grown in non-transgenic C57/Bl6 mice. We have established two immunologically proficient transgenic mouse models expressing hMSLN that can be used for evaluating immune effect of hMSLN-targeted therapeutics as well as their on-target/off-tumor toxicities. Citation Format: Xianyu Zhang, Brendan Hagerty, Theresa Guerin, Norene O'Sullivan, Serguei Kozlov, Christine Alewine. Engineering of transgenic mice expressing human mesothelin for investigation of mesothelin-targeted therapeutics [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 268.
Cardiac transplantation: an appraisal
Authors: L. A. Brewer
Journal: JAMA (1968)

The interest and attention afforded cardiac transplantation in both the lay and scientific press has been, perhaps, unequaled in the history of medicine. The discovery of penicillin and poliomyelitis vaccine and the performance of kidney and liver transplants stirred up only small ripples of excitement compared to the tidal wave generated by heart transplantation. The kidneys are paired organs and a healthy donor could lose one without losing his life, but the bold and imaginative transplantation of the liver, an organ essential to life, was truly a great surgical advance that attracted very little attention. Had the liver transplantation been done in 1965 BC, in Babylonia, the event would have received considerable publicity, since the Babylonians thought the liver was the seat of the soul and center of life. However, such surgery would have been an awesome undertaking for the surgeon if the penalties for surgical failure according to the
Presentations at AMA's 121st Annual Convention in June in San Francisco
Journal: JAMA (1972)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Trepanation
Authors: Rogers Lee Hill
Journal: JAMA (1961)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> In your editorial entitled "A Brief Glance at the History of Psychiatry" (<i>JAMA</i><b>175</b>:1002 [March 18] 1961), you leave the impression that the Egyptians commonly practiced skull trephining. This is erroneous. In only 2 instances have skulls revealed an opening that suggests a surgical defect, and there is considerable doubt about these. The only written reference that I have been able to find concerning Egyptian trephining is by Waltari in his popular novel<i>The Egyptian</i>. No one knows where he found evidence to substantiate this surgical procedure.
Reflux disease and Barrett’s esophagus
Authors: A. Panossian, H. Wolfsen
Journal: Endoscopy (2009)

Digestive Disease Week (DDW) 2009 in Chicago featured several important presentations regarding the improved diagnosis of, detection of dysplasia in, and endoscopic therapy for Barrett’s disease. Among the 322 abstracts concerning gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and Barrett’s esophagus (BE), there were several describing outstanding multicenter, controlled, randomized trials that were presented at plenary sessions.
Human rights II—Cherif Bassiouni condemns 'psychology' of Balkan crimes
Journal: JAMA (1993)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Usefulness of dried plasma spots using a plasma separation card for serological diagnosis of chronic hepatitis B and C and reflex viral load testing
Authors: Joan Martinez, Ariadna Rando, Fernando Velasquez, Mar Riveiro Barciela, Paula Salmerón, Adriana Palom, David Tabernero, María Nieves Palomo, Ed G. Marins, Rafael Esteban, Maria Buti, Francisco Rodríguez-Frías
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2020)
A Correction
Authors: Mr Dixon, J Althaus, W Allardice, Netley Ashe, Wallington Aird, London Ady, J Arnott, W Bacot, T Beattie, Mr Barry, London Bidwell, F Bluamer, Mr Byerley, S Charnley, Geneva Cordes, Weston-Super-Mare Carline, E Cartwright, J Calvert, R Crowley, Hon Mrs, London Coleridge, E Cass, W Donovan, Mr Diver, W Dudley, J Davies, Messrs Dresser, Darlington Sons, Mr Northampton, Dudley Fairweather, A Fergus, W Fenwick, A Frere, J Gould, J Geraghty, G Greene, Waddon Genge
Journal: BMJ (1898)

with heart-shaped leaves, and jointed stalks.The root is the only part that is used.They break it in pieces, scrape the dirt off with a shell, and then each begins and chews his portion, which he spits into a plantain leaf.The person who is to prepare the liquor collects all these mouthfuls, and puts them into a large dish or bowl, adding as much water as will make it of proper strength.It is then well mixed up with the hands, and some loose stuff, of which mats are made, is thrown upon the surface.The immediate effect of this beverage is not perceptible on these people, who use it so frequently; but on some of ours, who ven- tured to try it, though so nastily prepared, it had the same power as spirits have in intoxicating them; or rather, it produced that kind of stupefaction which is the consequence of using opium."etc.This account refers to the Friendly Islands, but Captain Cook con- stantly refers to the use of kava, or ava as he also calls it, in other pai-ts of the Polynesian Archipelago.It is curious to note that in one place Captain Cook mentions that he saw a man " of a leprous whiteness," and that he attributes it to an excessive use of kava.Darwin (Journal of a Voyage Round the World, chap.xviii) mentions the use of ava, as he calis it (it seems to have been called ava in the Society Islands), and says that its use was prohibited in I823, two years before he visited the island.In Henfrey's Botany (4th ediz., p. 318) one reads:"Macropiper methysticum (N.0. Piperaceie), the ava, or kava, of the South Sea Islands has powerful narcotic properties."ARSENICAL WALL PAPER.J. H. S.-In the United Kingdonm there is no law prohibiting the use of arsenical pigments in the manufacture of wall papers.The subject of arsenical pigments in wall paper is dealt with, from the point of view of the interest of the workpeople, in tlhe First Report of the Dangerous Trades Committee of the Hlome Office.In Germany it is regarded as a criminal offence to introduce arsenic into the colours for wall papers, but in Britain our legislation has not yet reached that length.EDUCATION OF DEAF-MUTES.P.-The Training College for Teachers of the Deaf, Ealing, W., has schools for both better-class and pauper chlildren attached to it.Information may be obtained from the Superintendent, Mr. Kinsey.Pupils are taken by day, and also boarded out, by the Association for the Oral Instruction of the Deaf, ii, Fitzroy Square, W. (Mr. Van Praagh, Director).There are also institutions at Birmingham, Liverpool, Manchester, and Doncaster, where oral teaching is practised
Leads from the MMWR. Impact of homicide on years of potential life lost in Michigan's black population
Journal: JAMA (1989)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Corrigendum
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2011)

Errors occurred in the hierarchical genotyping of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from the non-recombining part of the Y-chromosome (NRY), and their identification subsequent to the publication of the article prompted us to completely regenerate the NRY SNP data from the previously used eastern Indonesian samples.The corrected results can be found in the Tables 1, 3 and4 andFigure.3a as well as in the online-only supplementary tables S1, S4, and S6.In addition to changes in the NRY haplogroup frequencies, one more NRY haplogroup of assumed Asian origin, O-M95, was found among the eastern Indonesian samples investigated, albeit in low frequency and only in the Austronesian-speaking groups from Flores (4.2%) and Solor (2.3%), (Table 1).Considering the corrected NRY SNP data none of the previously drawn conclusions changed.The authors regret any confusion the erroneous data may have caused.
Abstract 11751: Beneficial Impact of Dipeptidyl-peptidase-4 inhibitors on Mortality of Patients With Hospitalized Heart Failure Patients With Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Akihiko Sato, Akiomi Yoshihisa, Yuki Kanno, Mai Takiguchi, Shunsuke Miura, Takeshi Shimizu, Yuichi Nakamura, Hiroyuki Yamauchi, Takashi Owada, Satoshi Abe, Satoshi Suzuki, Masayoshi Oikawa, Nobuo Sakamoto, Takayoshi Yamaki, Koichi Sugimoto, Hiroyuki Kunii, Kazuhiko Nakazato, Hitoshi Suzuki, Shu-ichi Saitoh, Yasuchika Takeishi
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Background: Heart failure (HF) and diabetes mellitus (DM) often co-exist. Treatment of DM in patients with HF is challenging since some therapies for DM are contraindicated in HF. Although previous experimental studies have reported that DPP-4 inhibitors improve cardiovascular function, it still remains unclear whether DPP-4 inhibition improves mortality of HF patients with DM. Therefore, we examined impacts of the DPP-4 inhibition on mortality in hospitalized HF patients using propensity score matching. Methods and Results: We performed prospective observational study regarding to hospitalized HF. Out of 1011 original HF patients cohort, 112 patients were treated with DPP-4 inhibitors. Propensity score for treatment with DPP-4 inhibitors were estimated for each patient by logistic regression with clinically relevant baseline variables including age, estimated GFR, HbA1c, usages of α-glucosidase inhibitor, sulphonylurea, biguanide and insulin. The propensity matched cohort 1:1 was assessed based on propensity scores (DPP-4 inhibitors, n = 82 and non-DPP-4 inhibitors, n = 82). Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated that cardiac and all-cause mortality was significantly lower in the DPP-4 inhibitor group than in the non-DPP-4 inhibitor group (cardiac mortality: 7.3% vs. 23.2%, P=0.006; all-cause mortality: 17.1% vs. 42.7%, P=0.002, by a log-rank test) in the propensity matched cohort. In the multivariable Cox proportional hazard analyses, after adjusting for other potential confounding factors, the use of DPP-4 inhibitors was an independent predictor of cardiac and all-cause mortality (cardiac mortality: HR 0.322, 95% CI 0.127-0.819, P = 0.017; all-cause mortality: HR 0.517, 95% CI 0.273-0.978, P = 0.042) in HF patients with DM. Conclusions: Our data suggest that DPP-4 inhibitors may improve cardiac and all-cause mortality in patients with HF and DM.
Environmental Toxicity
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Methisazone for prophylaxis against chickenpox; a small clinical trial
Authors: D. Reed
Journal: JAMA (1966)

THE ORIGINAL WORK of Thompson et al<sup>1</sup>in 1953 showed the antiviral activity of isatin β-thiosemicarbazone in mice infected with vaccinia virus. A later derivative, methisazone (Marboran), was found to possess marked antiviral activity in mice infected with smallpox virus.<sup>2</sup>The definitive work by Bauer et al<sup>3</sup>in 1963 showed the antiviral activity of methisazone in human contacts of smallpox cases. The evidence of this latter study stimulated investigations of the use of this drug as a prophylaxis for other viral infections. This communication is a report of the use of methisazone for prophylaxis against chickenpox in a small clinical trial. <h3>Methods</h3> In collaboration with the Alaska Native Area Office, we were authorized by the Food and Drug Administration to conduct field trials of methisazone at the Alaska Native Medical Center, Anchorage. Over half of the native children hospitalized in the 120-bed pediatric service of this hospital