tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Confidential inquiry into quality of care before admission to intensive care
Journal: BMJ (1998)

that 26% of the enterococci in this study were highly resistant to both gentamicin and streptomycin.Aminoglycosides have no therapeutic benefit in infections involving such strains, and unnecessarily expose patients to possible ototoxic or nephrotoxic side effects.A further 28% of the isolates were highly resistant to either gentamicin or streptomycin, emphasising the value of testing both of these compounds in determining appropriate treatment.Current guidelines recommend that endocarditis caused by enterococci with high level resistance to aminoglycosides should be treated with high dose amoxycillin or ampicillin for 6-12 weeks. 2 3 However, 11% of the enterococci were E faecium, which typically is resistant to ampicillin.Moreover, amoxycillin or ampicillin would be unsuitable for patients allergic to penicillin.This latter constraint applies to other proposed regimens that combine ampicillin with imipenem or ciprofloxacin.Although glycopeptides may be considered in place of penicillin, the finding of glycopeptide resistance in several isolates, including three of the E faecium isolates, means that their efficacy cannot be guaranteed.The picture revealed is disturbing, with frequent resistance to the recommended synergistic combinations.Evaluation in endocarditis of unconventional regimens-for example, ampicillin plus carbapenems, ampicillin plus ciprofloxacin, or ciprofloxacin plus co-trimoxazole-is desirable, although the use of such broad spectrum agents may risk selecting resistance in the body microflora.Also desirable is early evaluation, in endocarditis, of novel narrow spectrum anti-Gram positive agents, such as streptogramins, oxazolidinones, and everninomycins.We thank Dr Ty Pitt and his colleagues in the Epidemiological Typing Unit at the Laboratory of Hospital Infection in the Central Public Health Laboratory for confirming the species of the isolates studied.
Amateur Boxing
Authors: Robert O. Voy
Journal: JAMA (1989)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I was disappointed and dismayed by the misleading article on boxing in the January 6 issue of<i>JAMA</i>.<sup>1</sup>Juan Antonio Samarach, president of the International Olympic Committee, publicly stated his support for including boxing in the Olympic program. The committee's investigation of boxing was directed toward reviewing the scoring system. It is unfair to lump all types of boxing together. Professional and amateur boxing have vastly different rules, objectives, and requirements. No matter what television commentators might say, the style and technique are not the same. To combine events and actions of the two types of boxing in one article totally misrepresents the facts. Moreover, the boxing programs for police and military training programs in no way resemble amateur or professional boxing. They are not organized under the rules of either sport and are not subject to the supervision or regulations of either. Frankly, they do
Improvement in oncology practice performance through voluntary participation in the Quality Oncology Practice Initiative (QOPI)
Authors: J. O. Jacobson, M. N. Neuss, K. McNiff, P. Kadlubek, L. R. Thacker, P. D. Eisenberg, J. V. Simone
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

6505 Background: QOPI became available to all ASCO physicians in 2006 as a voluntary office-based quality improvement project. QOPI assesses practice performance for a series of evidence- and consensus-based process measures, relying on practices to do structured chart reviews and submit data via a secure web-based portal. Methods: This analysis focused on the 71 practices that participated in both the March and September 2006 data collections. Of the 33 measures common to both collections, 14 were chosen for analysis based on adequate sample size and variation from the mean. Four additional measures relating to antineoplastic therapy administration were also analyzed. Results: : 87 practices abstracted 9,324 charts in March and 113 practices abstracted 14,292 charts in September. Among the 71 practices participating in both data collections, statistically significant improvement was seen in 9 of 18 measures (mean change 2.0%, median 1.9%, range -10.1 to 8.2%) from March to September. Improvement was most marked among practices originally performing in the bottom quartile (mean change 11.8%, median 10.2%, range -10.1 to 24.7%). Table 1 shows the magnitude of change for selected measures of the lowest performing practices compared to all others. Improvement was not assessable in 4 measures where performance was uniformly very high in the first data collection (these included all measures of appropriate antineoplastic treatment). Conclusions: Participation in QOPI is associated with improved performance in self-reported process measures, with the greatest improvement demonstrated in initially low-performing practices. (The late Dr. Christopher Desch was integral to the preparation of this report and the success of QOPI.) No significant financial relationships to disclose. [Table: see text]
Subcutaneous Heparin for Deep Venous Thrombosis
Authors: Paolo Prandoni
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1999)

Letters15 June 1999Subcutaneous Heparin for Deep Venous ThrombosisPaolo Prandoni, MD, PhDPaolo Prandoni, MD, PhDUniversity of Padua Medical School; Padua, Italy (Prandoni)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-130-12-199906150-00010 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:We basically agree with Alatri and colleagues' comments. We did not perform a cost-efficacy analysis. Rather, we simply intended to provide operators with a practical and safe guideline for the initial treatment of deep venous thrombosis with subcutaneous unfractionated heparin. Unfractionated heparin is still the drug of choice and sometimes the only available drug for the treatment of this disease in many countries, including Italy.We recognize that home treatment of deep venous thrombosis with LMWH is far less expensive than in-hospital treatment with unfractionated heparin (1). However, we believe that early discharge and even home treatment of ...References1. van den Belt AG, Bossuyt PM, Prins MH, Gallus AS, Büller HR. Replacing inpatient care by outpatient care in the treatment of deep venous thrombosis. An economic evaluation. The TASMAN Study Group. Thromb Haemost. 1998;79:259-63. Google Scholar2. Hirsch DR, Lee TH, Morrison RB, Carlson W, Goldhaber SZ. Shortened hospitalization by means of adjusted-dose subcutaneous heparin for deep venous thrombosis. Am Heart J. 1996;131:276-80. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Paolo Prandoni, MD, PhDAffiliations: University of Padua Medical School; Padua, Italy (Prandoni) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoUse of an Algorithm for Administering Subcutaneous Heparin in the Treatment of Deep Venous Thrombosis Paolo Prandoni , Paola Bagatella , Enrico Bernardi , Bruno Girolami , Laura Rossi , Luigi Scarano , Antonio Marchiori , Andrea Piccioli , and Antonio Girolami Subcutaneous Heparin for Deep Venous Thrombosis Adriano Alatri , Paolo Bucciarelli , and Marco Moia Metrics 15 June 1999Volume 130, Issue 12Page: 1027KeywordsDeep vein thrombosisDrugsHeparinLaboratory testsLow molecular weight heparinTreatment guidelines ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 June 1999 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1999 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Carboxyhaemoglobin in women exposed to different cooking fuels
Journal: Thorax (1991)

Although we agree with most of the review, we would disagree with their comments on hypoxaemia.They state that absence ofhypoxaemia in vocal cord dysfunction helps to differentiate this condition from acute asthma.We have seen two cases ourselves' where hypoxaemia is a feature of vocal cord dysfunction.In one case the hypoxaemia (arterial oxygen tension Pao2) 79 mm Hg with 100%
When Authorship Fails
Authors: Drummond Rennie
Journal: JAMA (1997)

A published article is the primary means whereby new work is communicated, priority is established, and academic promotion is determined. Publication depends on trust and requires that authors be held to standards of honesty, completeness, and fairness in their reporting, and to accountability for their statements. The system of authorship, while appropriate for articles with only 1 author, has become inappropriate as the average number of authors of an article has increased; as the work of coauthors has become more specialized and relationships between them have become more complex; and as both credit and, even more, responsibility have become obscured and diluted. Credit and accountability cannot be assessed unless the contributions of those named as authors are disclosed to readers, so the system is flawed. We argue for a radical conceptual and systematic change, to reflect the realities of multiple authorship and to buttress accountability. We propose dropping the outmoded notion of<i>author</i>in favor of the more useful and realistic one of<i>contributor</i>. This requires disclosure to readers of the contributions made to the research and to the manuscript by the contributors, so that they can accept both credit and responsibility. In addition, certain named contributors take on the role of guarantor for the integrity of the entire work. The requirement that all participants be named as contributors will eliminate the artificial distinction between authors and acknowledgees and will enhance the integrity of publication.
Mutations in serine protease inhibitor Kazal type 1 are strongly associated with chronic pancreatitis
Authors: J P H Drenth
Journal: Gut (2002)

Background: Although chronic pancreatitis is associated with risk factors such as alcoholism, hyperparathyroidism, and hypertriglyceridaemia, little is known of the actual aetiology of the disease. It is thought that inappropriate activation of trypsinogen causes pancreatitis, and indeed in cases of hereditary pancreatitis mutations of cationic trypsinogen (PRSS1) have been described. As serine protease inhibitor Kazal type 1 (SPINK1) is a potent natural inhibitor of pancreatic trypsin activity, we hypothesised that SPINK1 mutations would be more common than expected among an unselected cohort of adult chronic pancreatitis patients. Aims: To detect the prevalence of SPINK1 mutations in a cohort of chronic pancreatitis patients. Methods: DNA was isolated from a cohort of 115 adult patients with chronic pancreatitis of alcoholic (n=72), hereditary (n=10), idiopathic (n=24), and miscellaneous (n=9) origin. We performed mutational analysis for two PRSS1 mutations (R122H, N29I) and four specific SPINK1 gene mutations (M1T, L14P, N34S, P55S) and compared the results with a control group of 120 healthy Dutch subjects. Results: In six of the 10 patients that fulfilled the criteria for hereditary pancreatitis, but in none of the control subjects, mutations in the PRSS1 gene were found. In 14 patients we detected a SPINK1 mutation. Eleven patients were heterozygous for the N34S mutation and sequencing confirmed the homozygous state of N34S in a brother and sister. Two patients carried the P55S mutation, one as a compound heterozygote with N34S. The M1T and L14P SPINK1 mutations were not found in our cohort. The N34S mutation was detected in only two of 120 controls, while the P55S, M1T, and L14P mutations were absent in the same group. Patients with the N34S allele had a later onset of disease than those with PRSS1 gene mutations but earlier onset compared with the mutation negative group. Conclusion: Identification of SPINK1 mutations in 12.2% of patients with adult alcoholic and idiopathic chronic pancreatitis suggests an important role for SPINK1 as a predisposing factor in adult chronic pancreatitis.
<i>Circulation:</i> Clinical Summaries
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Protein 2 Plays a Critical Role in Diet-Induced Obesity and Glucose IntoleranceObesity is associated with low-grade chronic inflammation, dysregulated adipocytokine production, and increased oxidative stress in visceral adipose tissue, which is believed to result in insulin resistance, high blood pressure, and acceleration of atherosclerosis.Although hypoxia has long been known to reduce body weight in both humans and animals, the role of the hypoxia response system, including hypoxia-inducible factor and an oxygen sensor, prolyl hydroxylase domain protein (PHD), in the regulation of fat mass and glucose metabolism remains controversial.Therefore, in the present study, we sought to determine whether deletion of PHD2, a main isoform of PHD, in adipose tissue affects high-fat diet-induced obesity and glucose intolerance.We showed that PHD2 deficiency in adipocyte resulted in upregulation of hypoxiainducible factor and attenuated high-fat diet-induced body weight gain and glucose intolerance compared with control mice.These effects seemed to be mediated by upregulation of glycolytic enzymes in white adipose tissue and uncoupling protein-1 in brown adipose tissue in the PHD2-deficient mice.The PHD2-deficient mice also showed modest improvement in insulin sensitivity.The improvement in glucose metabolism is associated with a decrease in adipocyte size, macrophage infiltration, and abnormal angiogenesis of white adipose tissue in the PHD2-deficient mice.Because of the worldwide pandemic of obesity and diabetes mellitus, a novel strategy that is effective for the treatment of both conditions has been sought.The present study suggests that PHD2 inhibition in adipocyte may be a new therapeutic approach to reduce body weight and to improve glucose tolerance simultaneously.See p 2078.
Prescribing Psychologists
Authors: Tony Menendez
Journal: JAMA (1990)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> It seems that psychologists have joined the many other professional groups that seek to further their careers through legislation instead of education. Mr Evans<sup>1</sup>apparently believes that unscheduled and schedule 4 drugs are benign and can be safely prescribed by someone with no medical training. I invite him to open any standard textbook of pharmacology and read the lists of adverse reactions, contraindications, and warnings that invariably accompany every medication on the market. A person without proper medical training is simply incompetent to evaluate the clinical and pharmacologic quandaries that inevitably arise in a certain percentage of patients for whom prescriptions are written. My advice to Mr Evans and all other psychologists who want a drug license is simple. If you want to prescribe medication for your patients, don't play doctor. Go to medical school and be one.<sup>2</sup>
Thoracic Surgery
Authors: William C. Alford
Journal: JAMA (1996)

The latest entry into the field of general thoracic surgery is a text simply titled<i>Thoracic Surgery</i>. While it contains a wealth of information on diseases and operations, the editors clearly state that sheer information is not its major purpose. In the foreword Dr Joel D. Cooper concludes that the one word which best describes the character of this book is "unique." The most notable difference of this text from similar ones is the omission of any material on the esophagus, for which the separate text<i>Esophageal Surgery</i>is required. The first chapters contain what every student should know about the history of the specialty and pulmonary physiology, and a generous section on pulmonary imaging. Readers will not be disappointed with the manner in which the standard thoracic subjects are covered. They quite naturally reflect the expertise and experience of the division of thoracic surgery of the Toronto Hospital, where
Midtrimester amniocentesis for prenatal diagnosis. Safety and accuracy
Journal: JAMA (1976)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Switching genes on and off during Erythropoiesis
Authors: Douglas R. Higgs, Mohsin Badat
Journal: HemaSphere (2018)

MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, UK This is an open access Abstract Book distributed under the Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs (CCBY-NC-ND), which allows third parties to download the abstracts and share them with others as long as they credit the author and the abstract book, but they cannot change the content in any way or use them commercially. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Editorial: A fair deal for patients with renal failure.
Journal: BMJ (1975)

with a late systolic mitral murmur as the only abnormal sign is good, apart from the risk of bacterial endocarditis, which occurred in 5 cases.From a review of their own and other published cases, Allen et al. found no justification for the belief that ventricular ectopic beats are dangerous and no evidence that sudden death occurs in such patients, provided that care is taken to exclude those with ischaemic or myocardial heart disease.
La diathermie et ses applications médicales
Journal: JAMA (1934)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Errors in Text
Authors: Simon Mooijaart, Robert Puy
Journal: JAMA (2020)

Donna M. Zulman, MD, MS; Marie C. Haverfield, PhD; Jonathan G. Shaw, MD, MS; Cati G. Brown-Johnson, PhD; Rachel Schwartz, PhD; Aaron A. Tierney, BA; Dani L. Zionts, MScPH; Nadia Safaeinili, MPH; Meredith Fischer, MA; Sonoo Thadaney Israni, MBA; Steven M. Asch, MD, MPH; Abraham Verghese, MD
The Mentally III in America: A History of Their Care and Treatment from Colonial Times
Journal: JAMA (1949)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Ultrasonic diagnosis of Cruveilhier-Baumgarten syndrome
Authors: J. P. Capron
Journal: JAMA (1982)

<h3>History</h3> A 46-year-old alcoholic man was hospitalized because of mild hematemesis. Clinical examination revealed the presence of hepatomegaly and evidence of a moderately extensive abdominal collateral circulation. Findings from abdominal auscultation were normal. Endoscopy of the upper gastrointestinal tract demonstrated small, nonbleeding esophageal varices and hemorrhagic gastritis. Serum bilirubin level was 1.3 mg/dL. The SGPT value was 47 IU. The alkaline phosphatase was 185 IU (normal, less than 170 IU). The albumin level was 3.2 g/dL and the γ-globulin level was 1.8 g/dL. The prothrombin time was 75% of the control. A gray-scale ultrasonogram was obtained. The liver appeared normal, and the portal axis was patent. A tubular channel (Fig 1) (small arrows) was observed transversing the area from the portal vein (large arrow) to the umbilical area (asterisk). <h3>Diagnosis</h3> Cruveilhier-Baumgarten syndrome. <h3>Comment</h3> The tubular channel noted in the ultrasonogram in Fig 1 was interpreted as a probable umbilical vein.
THE DEFECTS IN OUR OBSTETRIC TEACHING
Journal: JAMA (1921)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal