tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Deaths From Melanoma—United States, 1973-1992
Journal: JAMA (1995)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Cairo conference
Authors: A J McMichael
Journal: BMJ (1994)

The United Nations Conference on Population and Development in Cairo in September, 1994, will evoke criticism of the inability of governments to act quickly enough to avert demographic and environmental crises. Rapid population growth has clear implications for public health. Globally there now occur anthropogenic changes in atmospheric composition, the degradation of fertile lands and ocean fisheries, an accelerating loss of biodiversity, and the social and ecological problems of massive urbanization. In the future, per capita consumption levels will increase in burgeoning populations of developing countries, thus adding to the environmental impacts of overconsuming rich countries. By the end of the decade there will be over six billion people, of whom one half will live in cities. These demographic and environmental trends, if translated into climatic change, regional food shortages, and weakened ecosystems, would adversely affect human health. The World Health Organization is likely to concentrate only on accessible family planning and promotion of health for women and families. Continuing asymmetric child-saving aid, unaccompanied by substantial aid to help mobilize the social and economic resources needed to reduce fertility, may delay the demographic transition in poor countries and potentiate future public health disasters. As a result of recent reductions in fertility, even in Sub-Saharan Africa, average family sizes have been halved. Yet the demographic momentum will double population by 2050. The biosphere is a complex of ecosystems and, if unsustained, it could not fulfill the productive, cleansing, and protective functions on which life depends. The Cairo conference must therefore recognize that sustaining human health is a prime reason for concern about population growth and models of economic development.
Statistical Properties of a Two-Stage Model of Carcinogenesis
Authors: Christopher J. Portier
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1987)

Some of the statistical properties of a simple two-stage model of carcinogenesis are explored. The implications of additive treatment effects versus independent treatment effects on the shape of the dose-response curve are considered. Response that is low-dose linear results in the cases where the mutation rates are affected by dose or in the cases where treatment changes the birth rate/death rate of initiated cells in an additive fashion. Independent treatment effects lead to non-low-dose linear response when the survival of initiated cells is affected by treatment. A computer simulation experiment was performed that examined the ability of animal carcinogenesis data to differentiate between various forms of this simple two-stage model. It is shown that animal carcinogenicity experiments do not contain enough data to adequately describe the difference between these two types of effects.
Treatment of primary breast cancer. Summary of the National Institutes of Health Consensus Development Conference
Authors: J. H. Moxley
Journal: JAMA (1980)

A CONSENSUS Development Conference on "The Treatment of Primary Breast Cancer: Management of Local Disease" was held at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) on June 5, 1979. The NIH Consensus Development Program brings together practicing physicians, biomedical research scientists, consumers, and other interested parties in an effort to reach general agreement on the safety and efficacy of a medical technology, whether it be a drug, device, or medical or surgical procedure. Thus, this was an appropriate forum in which to reexamine issues concerned with the treatment of primary breast cancer. Specifically, the purpose of the conference was to address the following question: Are there clinical alternatives to the radical mastectomy that minimize patient morbidity and yet do not decrease a patient's survival potential? Scientific pursuit of this issue, ie, to minimize morbidity without compromising equal probability of survival, reflects one of the major objectives of the Division of Cancer
The Lasker Awards— Honoring the spirit of medical science
Journal: JAMA (1991)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Medical School Faculties and Educational Programs
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
THE CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF THE DIAZOREACTION (EHRLICH'S TYPHOID FEVER TEST).
Journal: JAMA (1890)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Antibiotic use among medical specialties in a community hospital
Authors: G. J. Jogerst
Journal: JAMA (1981)

Antibiotic use in a community hospital was evaluated to demonstrate specialty variations. A chart review was performed using the Veterans Administration's "Guidelines for Peer Review" to determine appropriate antibiotic use. Of the 1,054 patients discharged in August 1977, three hundred ten (29.4%) received 479 courses of antibiotics of which two hundred eighty-seven (60%) were considered appropriate. Seventy-two percent of the therapeutic courses and 36% of the prophylactic courses were appropriate. Prophylactic antibiotics were used in 12% of the hospitalized patients and accounted for 33% of the total antibiotics. No notable difference in appropriate antibiotic use was found among general surgeons (73%), internists (72%), orthopedists (71%), and family practitioners (67%). Substantially lower levels were found among urologists (54%), otolaryngologists (44%), and obstetricians (36%). Continued education in proper antibiotic use is needed especially for prophylaxis. Educational programs directed at specific specialties may be the most fruitful way to effect improved overall antibiotic use. (<i>JAMA</i>1981;245:842-846)
Units
Journal: JAMA (1976)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The AMA and torture
Authors: J. James Rohack
Journal: JAMA (1986)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> As a profession, medicine is dedicated to healing. It is natural for physicians to be concerned when medical skills are used in manners opposite to healing. We read with pleasure your editorial requesting the American Medical Association (AMA) House of Delegates to adopt a resolution reaffirming the stand against physician participation in torture.<sup>1</sup> Similar concern was expressed by Dr Louis Daily, a Houston ophthalmologist, at a winter meeting of the Harris County Medical Society. The result was adoption of a resolution at the Texas Medical Association House of Delegates meeting in Dallas in May 1986, which was forwarded to the AMA House of Delegates for consideration at the Annual Meeting. I had the privilege of testifying before Reference Committee H, representing Texas on Resolution 91. Your editorial provided further support for our resolution. The Reference Committee recommended adoption and the AMA House of Delegates concurred on
P883 DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF A POLYCYSTIC LIVER DISEASE COMPLAINT SPECIFIC ASSESSMENT (POLCA)
Authors: F. Temmerman, F. Dobbels, J. van Pelt, T. Ho, Y. Pirson, R. Vanslembrouck, W. Coudyzer, B. Bammens, J. Pirenne, F. Nevens
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
BOOK REVIEWS
Authors: M. E. MORRA
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1993)

Journal Article BOOK REVIEWS Get access The Cancer Dictionary Roberta Altman , Michael J. Sarg . New York : Facts on File , 1992 . 334 pp., illus. $40. ISBN 0-8160-2608-4 MARION E. MORRA, Sc.D. MARION E. MORRA, Sc.D. Yale Comprehensive Cancer Center333 Cedar St., LEPH 139, P.O. Box 3333, New Haven, CT 06510 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 85, Issue 22, 17 November 1993, Page 1863, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/85.22.1863 Published: 17 November 1993
Symposium on the Late Biologic Effects of Ionizing Radiation
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1977)

Journal Article Symposium on the Late Biologic Effects of Ionizing Radiation Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 59, Issue 3, September 1977, Page 1035, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/59.3.1035-a Published: 01 September 1977
In This Issue
Journal: Blood Cancer Discovery (2021)

in this issue• S1RP3 is highly expressed in CD33 + myeloid cells and promotes myeloid differentiation in HSC and LSC.• S1RP3 marks a specific subtype of mature LSC subtypes with heightened inflammatory signatures.• Sphingosine phosphate-mimetic fingolimod disrupts LSC function and decreases leukemia burden in vivo.
Ultrastructural Changes in the Nasal Mucosa of Fischer 344 Rats and B6C3F1 Mice Following an Acute Exposure to Methyl Isocyanate
Authors: Linda C. Uraih, Fred A. Talley, Kunitoshi Mitsumori, Bhola N. Gupta, John R. Bucher, Gary A. Boorman
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1987)

Male rats and male mice received a single 2-hr exposure to 0 (control), 10, or 30 ppm of methyl isocyanate and were sacrificed after 1, 3, 14, or 90 days to assess the ultrastructural changes in the nasal mucosa by transmission electron microscopy. One day after exposure to methyl isocyanate, there were widespread areas of necrosis and degeneration of the respiratory and olfactory epithelium of rats and mice in the 10 ppm and 30 ppm groups. Qualitatively the ultrastructural findings were similar for both exposure groups and species. Degeneration followed by rapid regeneration was observed for both respiratory and olfactory epithelia but was most striking for olfactory epithelium in the dorsal meatus. Three days after the exposure, the olfactory epithelium was two to three cell layers thick due to a loss of supporting cells, olfactory neurons, and basal cells. By 14 days after exposure, the olfactory epithelium was composed of a heterogeneous cell population three to five cell layers thick. At 90 days following exposure, the epithelium was of normal thickness (eight to ten cell layers), with normal architectural arrangement, and composed of well-differentiated cells that appeared similar to those of controls. There were several findings that suggested the epithelial cells of Bowman's glands were the progenitor for the regenerating supporting cells of the olfactory epithelium. This study demonstrated that the respiratory and olfactory epithelium is capable of complete structural regeneration after an acute destruction by methyl isocyanate.
Extended preservation of human liver grafts with UW solution
Authors: S. Todo
Journal: JAMA (1989)

The fate of 185 cadaveric liver homografts preserved for four to 24 hours with University of Wisconsin (UW) solution was compared with that of 180 grafts preserved for three to 9½ hours with conventional Euro-Collins solution.Although the average preservation time of the UW-preserved livers was almost twice as long as that of the Euro-Collins-preserved livers, the UW-preserved grafts survived at a higher rate; permitted equal patient survival; and had a lower rate of primary nonfunction, a reduced need for retransplantation, and a lower rate of hepatic artery thrombosis.There was no correlation between the time of preservation of UW-preserved grafts up to 24 hours and liver function abnormalities in the first postoperative week.In contrast, livers preserved with Euro-Collins solution for more than five hours had significantly increased perturbations of hepatic function tests.The potential revolutionary effect of the UW solution on liver transplantation is described herein.In September 1987, Jamieson and Kalayoglu and their associates1 , 2 at the University of Wisconsin (UW) reported that cold ischemia of canine and human liver homografts could be extended safely to one day with an infusate described by Wahlberg et al 3 in experiments on pancreas preservation.The superior qualities of their UW solution were confirmed in our laboratories with liver replacement experiments in dogs (S.Todo, L. Podesta, Y. Ueda, et al, unpublished data, Pittsburgh, Dec 15, 1988) and rats and with an isolated perfusion model in rats.4Herein, we report our experience with the first 185 human livers preserved with UW solution, with a minimum follow-up of three months after transplantation.The results were compared with those using 180 consecutive grafts that had been infused and preserved with Euro-Collins solution 5 during the immediately preceding five-month period. METHODS Recipient Case MaterialThere were 164 patients who received 185 UW-preserved livers between Oct 22, 1987, and March 21, 1988 (Table 1), 21 (12.2%)requiring retransplantation during the observation period of three to eight months.Of the 164 patients, 151 were undergoing primary transplantation.The other 13 had replacement of a graft transplanted in the pre-UW era months to years earlier.The 152 retrospective control patients received 180 Euro-Collins-preserved livers between May 22, 1987, and Oct 21, 1987; of these, 28 (18%) required retransplantation.Of these
Author Index
Authors: Marcia Pavlou, Dusan Stefoski, William W. Weddington, Jr., Arcangelo Calobrisi, Yoshihide Nakai, Tomoko Araki, Susumu Takahashi, Akira Shimada, Tetsuya Nakagawa, R.A. Pierloot
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1983)
SAT0460 Long-term immune protection following pneumococcal 13-valent/23-valent polysaccharide vaccine in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
Authors: T. Goulenok, M. Bahuaud, C. Francois, J.-F. Alexandra, P. Aucouturier, M. Hurtado-Nedelec, H. Moins, F. Batteux, T. Papo, K. Sacre
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2018)

<h3>Background</h3> Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients are at increased risk for <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i> infection. Although pneumococcal vaccination is an attractive method to prevent invasive pneumococcal infection, vaccination coverage remains dramatically low in SLE. Moreover, the efficacy of vaccination may be reduced in SLE patients and sequential pneumococcal vaccination using new conjugated pneumococcal vaccines in combination with 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV23) is now advocated. <h3>Objectives</h3> We aimed to determine the efficacy of the prime-and-boost vaccination strategy using the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate (PCV13) and 23-valent polysaccharide (PPV23) vaccines in SLE. <h3>Methods</h3> Consecutive SLE patients admitted from April to December 2015 in our daycare hospital unit (Paris, France) were enrolled to receive PCV13 vaccine followed by PPSV23 vaccine 8 weeks later. Immune protection, defined by an antigen-specific IgG concentration ≥1.3 µg/mL for at least 70% of 7 pneumococcal serotypes (4, 6 B, 9 V, 14, 18 C, 19 F, 23 F), was assessed at baseline, 2 and 12 months. The primary endpoint was immune protection 12 months (long-term) after PCV13 shot. <h3>Results</h3> 37 consecutive adult SLE patients admitted in our daycare hospital unit (Department of Internal Medicine, Bichat Hospital, Paris, France) were screened for pneumococcal vaccination. Among them, 8 patients refused to be vaccinated, 7 patients accepted the vaccination but refused to complete the 12 months immune response follow up and 1 patient had already been vaccinated against pneumococcal infection. Eventually, 21 (40<sup>25–75</sup> years; 85.7% female) SLE patients were included in the study and received the sequential PCV13/PPV23 pneumococcal vaccines. Only 12 patients (57.1%) reached the primary endpoint. Nine patients had no long-term protection with a seroconversion that never (n=4, not protected, NP) or only transiently (n=5, short-term protected, STP) occurred. B-cells defects and immunosuppressive treatment were associated with the NP status. A lower IgG2 serum level and a higher ratio of pre-germinal/post-germinal centre B cells were associated with the STP status. The serotype 19 F IgG titer measured 2 months after PCV13 had the best ability (sensitivity of 100% [95% CI: 47.8–100]; specificity of 91.7% [95% CI: 61.5–99.8]) to predict long-term protection. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The benefit of sequential PCV13/PPV23 vaccination in SLE is limited. Several factors are associated with long-term immune protection and may help to design selective schedule strategy and/or new vaccines. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Gender-dependent reduction of spontaneous motor activity and growth in rats subjected to portacaval shunt
Authors: H Conjeevaram
Journal: Hepatology (1994)

Alterations in behavior are frequently described in rats subjected to portacaval shunt. Previous work has reported reduced spontaneous motor activity in various settings (nighttime, red light, decreased illumination) in this animal model. We investigated this phenomenon in rats of both genders subjected to portacaval shunt to determine whether our previously observed divergent growth patterns (males reduced, females unchanged) had any impact on the alterations in spontaneous motor activity in this model. Dietary intake, growth, motor activity and serum ammonia and amino acid concentrations were measured, in addition to final liver and spleen weights, in each animal after 3 to 4 wk of observation. Our results reconfirm the differential impact of portacaval shunt on growth in male (35 reduction p < 0.01) but not female rats (5 reduction, NS) compared with their respective-gender sham-operated controls. In addition, spontaneous motor activity was significantly reduced in male (≃ 50, p = 0.01) but not female rats subjected to portacaval shunt. The reduction of activity in male rats subjected to portacaval shunt did not correlate with any of the measured biochemical data or calculated nutritional/growth parameters. Thus we observed gender-dependent reduction in spontaneous motor activity after portacaval shunt in the rat. The mechanism for this phenomenon is unknown, but it is easily investigated with this reproducible model. (Hepatology 1994;19:381–388).