tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Continuing Medical Education
Authors: Dennis K. Wentz
Journal: JAMA (1990)

As the field of continuing medical education (CME) looked forward to the decade of the 1990s, 1989 held a number of pivotal events. This report summarizes some of those events and updates ongoing CME and American Medical Association/Physician's Recognition Award (AMA/PRA) activities that occurred between June 1989 and June 1990. <h3>COOPERATION IN CME</h3> The informal working group formed on October 8, 1988, to explore potential areas of cooperation and collaboration in CME met on October 26, 1989, in Chicago, Ill. The same "charter" organizations participated (the Alliance for Continuing Medical Education [ACME], the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education [ACCME], the Association of American Medical Colleges, the Association for Hospital Medical Education, the AMA, the Council of Medical Specialty Societies, the Society of Medical College Directors of Continuing Medical Education, the Southern Medical Association, and state medical societies). Topics discussed included the Second Congress on Continuing Medical Education, the change of publisher
Radial keratotomy
Authors: L. D. Bores
Journal: JAMA (1986)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> It is my opinion, bolstered by experience and reported data, that your recent article on radial keratotomy<sup>1</sup>is in error and paints an unnecessarily gloomy picture of the procedure. A review of Dr O'Day's<sup>2</sup>paper shows that much of his report was taken out of context. There were 13 cases reported. Two of these were of optic atrophy following retrobulbar injections of an anesthetic. Optic atrophy occurring after retrobulbar anesthetic injection with or without ocular penetration is a well-known cause of blindness.<sup>3,4</sup>Two cases of cataracts were reported in which steroid drops had been used. Cataracts are a complication of the use of topical steroids.<sup>5</sup>One retinal detachment was reported following the use of echothiophate iodide (Phospholine Iodide) drops. Echothiophate has long been implicated in the causation of retinal detachment, with or without previous surgery.<sup>6,7</sup>There are no data to support a
The Biology of Tissue Transplantation
Authors: Paul S. Russell, Anthony P. Monaco
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1964)

IF the common phenomenon of fertilization is excepted it can be said that the transplantation of living cells from one individual to another is not a natural event. Indeed, from time immemorial the junction of portions of separate individuals was considered the special province of supernatural forces or deities inspired by dreams of the remarkable qualities that might be expected in creatures having capabilities normally beyond the power of a single species. The preoccupation of the ancients with such dreams was certainly great so that the modern world has inherited not only the remains of legions of sphinxes and other . . .
Medical State and National Board Summary
Journal: JAMA (1942)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Antibodies and Immunoglobulins
Authors: John L. Fahey
Journal: JAMA (1965)

<h3>Antibody Response.—</h3> Several days elapse following primary antigen administration before antibody is detected in the serum. In this interval, antigen recognition and immune cell sensitization are followed by development of antibody synthetic capacity and proliferation of antibody producing cells. A considerable amount of antibody synthesis must occur before circulating antibody becomes detectable. At least 10<sup>16</sup>molecules of antibody have to be synthesized and be retained intravascularly in an 132 lb (60 kg) man to be detectable as 0.001 mg antibody per milliliter of serum. Antibody activity may be present in one or more components of the serum immunoglobulin system. Four classes of immunoglobulins have been identified: IgG (γG, 7S γ2-globulin), IgA (γA, β2A-globulin), IgM (γM, 18S γ1-macroglobulin) and IgD (yD). The distribution of these proteins, as detected by immunoelectrophoresis, is shown in Fig 1. The principal properties of the four major immunoglobulin classes were reviewed in a companion report.
Klinische Röntgendiagnostik der Erkrankungen der Brust-organe.
Journal: JAMA (1929)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Heparin (Continued)
Authors: Frederic B. Bauer
Journal: JAMA (1974)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The Journal's medical newsarticle (<b>227</b>:481, 1974) drew attention to the wide variation in chemical composition of current commercial heparin preparations. Results of recent investigations confirm what has been known by laboratory workers for some time, namely, that there is great need for a method of standardization of heparin that adequately corresponds to the clinical need, and allows for the routine assignment of potency values to heparin preparations that are truly representative of anticoagulant potency in the patient. Given these facts, however, one must guard against making the assumption that the existence of variations in the chemical composition of heparins derived from different tissue sources, such as beef lung and porcine intestinal mucosa, is indicative of significant clinical differences between them. With regard to the possibility that there may be a relationship between the observed variations in the chemical composition of commercial heparins from differing tissue
CPR-Not-Indicated and Futility
Authors: Richard S. Stein
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1996)

Letters1 January 1996CPR-Not-Indicated and FutilityRichard S. Stein, MDRichard S. Stein, MDVanderbilt University School of Medicine; Nashville, TN 37232Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-124-1_Part_1-199601010-00023 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:I was disappointed by the recent article by Waisel and Truog [1]. Although the authors noted that “unlike all other therapies, one had to get consent to withhold [cardiopulmonary resuscitation] CPR,” they did not pursue this idea. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation was devised for sudden unexpected deaths. It is not obvious that the routine application of CPR represents either good medicine or good ethics. Like most physicians, I have seen patients with terminal illnesses routinely resuscitated at great emotional cost, eventually proving nothing more than the house officer's truism, “If you can't keep them alive when they are alive, ...REFERENCE1. Waisel DB, Truog RD. The cardiopulmonary resuscitation-not-indicated order: futility revisited. Ann Intern Med. 1995; 122:304-8. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Vanderbilt University School of Medicine; Nashville, TN 37232 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByEthics of Codes and Codes of EthicsAge-specific prognostication after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest – The ethical dilemma between ‘life-sustaining treatment’ and ‘the right to die’ in the elderlyConflict and its resolution in the operating roomControversial issues in critical care for the elderly: a perspective from Canada 1 January 1996Volume 124, Issue 1_Part_1Page: 75KeywordsCardiopulmonary resuscitationDecision makingEmotionsMedical ethics Issue Published: 1 January 1996 CopyrightCopyright © 1996 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Effect of posture on renal vein renin activity in hypertension; its implications in the management of patients with renovascular hypertension
Authors: A. M. Michelakis
Journal: JAMA (1969)

The effect of posture on renal venous plasma renin activity was studied in a group of hypertensive patients. In patients with essential hypertension and in patients with renal artery stenosis bilaterally, upright posture did not augment the renin ratio in the two renal veins, but the rise in renin levels was greater in the patients with renal artery stenosis bilaterally. With one exception, all patients in upright posture who had unilateral arterial lesions exhibited a marked augmentation of the disparity in plasma renin activity values in the two renal veins. It is suggested that determination of plasma renin activity in renal venous blood procured from both kidneys while the patient is in the recumbent and then in the upright position may become of potential value in ascertaining the functional significance of renal arterial lesions especially in cases of renal artery branch stenosis.
Efficacy and safety of rolapitant for prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) in patients (pts) receiving anthracycline-cyclophosphamide (AC)-based chemotherapy.
Authors: Ian D. Schnadig, Manuel R. Modiano, Allen Poma, Sujata Arora, Lee Steven Schwartzberg
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

9618 Background: Rolapitant, a novel NK-1 receptor antagonist, demonstrated efficacy in the prevention of CINV in pts receiving moderately- or highly emetogenic chemotherapy (MEC; HEC). In this post-hoc analysis, we evaluated safety and efficacy outcomes in pts receiving AC-based therapy, now considered HEC. Methods: This double-blind, active-controlled study randomized pts to oral rolapitant 200 mg plus granisetron 2 mg and dexamethasone 20 mg or granisetron and dexamethasone alone (active control). Complete response (CR=no emesis and no use of rescue medication), no emesis, no significant nausea, and time to emesis or rescue medication during overall, acute, and delayed phases and treatment-emergent adverse events (AEs) are presented. Results: 703 pts received AC-based therapy, of which 97% had breast cancer. CR was significantly higher for rolapitant vs. active control for delayed and overall phases in pts receiving AC-based therapy (Table). Time to first emesis or use of rescue medication was significantly longer with rolapitant vs. active control (between-group comparison, p = 0.032); median was not reached in either treatment arm. A significantly greater proportion of pts on rolapitant (73.0%) vs. active control (60.2%) had no emesis during the overall phase (p < 0.001). Rates of no significant nausea were similar for rolapitant (63.7%) and active control (62.4%) in the overall phase (p = 0.728). Treatment-related AEs (TRAEs) during Cycle 1 occurred in 8.7% and 8.8% of pts on rolapitant vs. active control,. Most frequent TRAEs were constipation (2.9% vs. 2.7%), fatigue (2.3% vs. 2.2%), and headache (2.3% vs. 3.3%). Conclusions: Rolapitant was superior to active control in preventing CINV during delayed and overall phases after AC-based chemotherapy. There were no differences in the safety profile of rolapitant in the pt groups. These results are consistent with the overall pt population in this study. Clinical trial information: NCT01500213; NCT01499849; NCT01500226. Rolapitant Active Control Phase N=344 N=359 p-value* Overall (0–120 h) 216 (62.8%) 197 (54.9%) 0.033 Delayed (>24–120 h) 230 (66.9%) 214 (59.6%) 0.047 Acute (0–24 h) 264 (76.7%) 276 (76.9%) 0.966 * unstratified CMH test
Tuberculosis
Authors: Sarah Ringold
Journal: JAMA (2005)

TuberculosisT uberculosis (TB) is infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a type of bacterium.It is estimated that approximately 15 million individuals in the United States and as many as 30% of the world' s population are infected.Tuberculosis infection typically occurs after repeated or prolonged exposure to the coughing of an actively infected person.Infection can involve any organ in the body, but the lungs are the most common site of damage.In active infection, there is damage to organs.In latent infection the person carries the bacteria but does not have current signs of active infection.Latent TB infection is important to diagnose and treat because it can become active infection.Multidrug-resistant TB is resistant to (cannot be killed by) standard antibiotics.This type of TB arises from improper or incomplete treatment of TB infection or through exposure to a person infected with this type of bacterium.The June 8, 2005, issue of JAMA is a theme issue devoted to articles about TB.
Transforming growth factor?1 increases the number of apoptotic bodies and decreases intracellular pH in isolated periportal and perivenular rat hepatocytes*1, *2
Authors: A BENEDETTI
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

Transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFβ1) is involved in promoting cell death by apoptosis in the liver, whereas the activation of Na+/H+ exchanger has been related to cell proliferation. The aim of this study was to gain information on the effects of TGFβ1 on intracellular pH and Na+/H+ exchange activity in isolated periportal (PP) and perivenular (PV) rat hepatocytes using the pH-sensitive dye BCECF in a perfused subconfluent hepatocyte monolayer. Steady-state intracellular pH (pHi) in a bicarbonate-free solution (HEPES) were 7.17 ± 0.031 in PP and 7.15 ± 0.041 in PV cells. Treatment with TGFβ1 (120 pmol/L) for 7 hours increased the number of apoptotic bodies by 25% and 38%, and decreased steady-state pHi to 7.11 ± 0.018 (P = .05) and to 7.07 ± 0.021 (P < .02), respectively, in PP and PV hepatocytes. In HEPES, cells recovered from an acid load, extruding protons at a rate (JH) of 4.85 ± 1.01 mmol/L/min in PP cells and of 4.91 ± 0.99 mmol/L/min in PV hepatocytes. This recovery appeared amiloride inhibitable (1 mmol/L). Culture with TGFβ1 for 7 hours induced (in HEPES) a decrease of pHi recovery rate from an acid load more in PV (by 46%) than in PP hepatocytes (by 35%, P < .05). Acute administration of epidermal growth factor (EGF) (10 to 100 ng/ mL) induced an increase in Na+/H+ exchange activity by 32% and 27%, respectively, in PP and PV cells compared with controls. In contrast, in cells cultured for 7 hours with 120 pmol/L TGFβ1, the acute administration of EGF slightly increased Na+/H+ exchange activity (by 18%, P < .05) only in PP cells. This study demonstrates that pHi and Na+/H+ exchange activity are decreased by TGFβ1, which increases the number of apoptotic bodies in periportal and perivenular rat hepatocyte primary cultures.
Adducin- and Ouabain-Related Gene Variants Predict the Antihypertensive Activity of Rostafuroxin, Part 1: Experimental Studies
Authors: Mara Ferrandi, Isabella Molinari, Lucia Torielli, Gloria Padoani, Sergio Salardi, Maria Pia Rastaldi, Patrizia Ferrari, Giuseppe Bianchi
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2010)

Rostafuroxin lowers blood pressure in rats and disrupts mutant α-adducin and ouabain–Na,K-ATPase complex interaction with the Src-SH2 domain without affecting the interaction of wild-type α-adducin or Na,K-ATPase in the absence of ouabain.
The Aglomerular Kidney
Journal: JAMA (1934)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
International Meeting on Immunotherapy of Cancer: Present Status of Trials in Man
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1976)

Journal Article International Meeting on Immunotherapy of Cancer: Present Status of Trials in Man Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 57, Issue 1, July 1976, Page 227, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/57.1.227-c Published: 01 July 1976
Supplement Enforcement Tightened
Authors: Brian Vastag
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Slit2 inhibits glioma cell invasion in the brain by suppression of Cdc42 activity
Authors: Jia-Jean Yiin, Bo Hu, Michael J. Jarzynka, Haizhong Feng, Kui-Wei Liu, Jane Y. Wu, Hsin-I Ma, Shi-Yuan Cheng
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2009)

Acquisition of insidious invasiveness by malignant glioma cells involves multiple genetic alterations in signaling pathways. Slit2, a chemorepulsive factor, controls cell migration of neuronal and glial cells during development and inhibits chemotaxic migration of various types of cells in vitro. However, the role of Slit2 in vitro remains controversial, and the biological significance of Slit2 expression in cancer cell invasion in vivo has not yet been determined. In the present study, we characterized the effects of Slit2 expression on the migration and invasion of invasive glioma cells in vitro and in vivo. By reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analyses, Slit2 was found to be expressed at lower levels in primary glioma specimens and invasive glioma cells compared with normal human brain cells and astrocytes. Ectopic expression of Slit2 or treatment with recombinant Slit2 on glioma cells attenuates cell migration and invasion through inhibition of Cdc42 activity in vitro. Cellular depletion of Robo1, a cognate receptor for Slit2, prevented Slit2 inhibition of Cdc42 activity and glioma cell migration. In vivo, expression of Slit2 by invasive SNB19 glioma cells markedly inhibited glioma cell infiltration into the brain of mice. Moreover, impediment of glioma cell invasion by Slit2 did not affect the expression of N-cadherin and β-catenin in glioma cells. These results provide the first evidence demonstrating that Slit2–Robo1 inhibits glioma invasion through attenuating Cdc42 activity in vitro and in the brain. Understanding the mechanisms of Slit2–Robo1 inhibition of glioma cell invasion will foster new treatments for malignant gliomas.
Clinical effects of hypnotics. I. A controlled trial
Authors: H. Jick
Journal: JAMA (1969)

A controlled trial comparing three hynotic drugs— chloral betaine, 750 mg; diphenhydramine hydrochloride, 50 mg; pentobarbital, 100 mg—and a placebo was introduced into a comprehensive drug surveillance program. The standard methods of data collection employed in the program were applied to the trial. These methods employ judgments made by the attending physicians on the efficacy and side effects of drugs. The greater efficacy of hypnotics was evident in the data. There was also some evidence of a higher frequency of side effects among patients who received hypnotic drugs. The efficacy of the placebo was greater among women than among men while the hypnotic drugs were equally effective among both sexes. It is concluded that physicians' judgments of efficacy and side effects are valid to the extent of permitting the demonstration of differences between hypnotic drugs and the placebo, under the conditions of a randomized, double-blind trial.
South Asians are less confident about managing their asthma than white patients
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Secondary prevention programmes in coronary heart disease improve care Specialised multidisciplinary clinics for patients with coronary heart disease improve patient care and quality of life or functional status.McAlister and colleagues reviewed 12 randomised controlled trials including nearly 10 000 patients and found greater prescription of efficacious drugs and better risk factor profiles in patients assigned to specialised clinics rather than usual care (p 957).Admissions to hospital were also reduced.The optimal mix of components and the cost effectiveness of the clinics remain unclear.