tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The one-year outcome of hepatitis B virus in Taiwanese patients with chronic hepatitis B and C co-infection after direct-acting antivirals
Authors: Ming-Lun Yeh, Chung-Feng Huang, Ching-I Huang, Jacinta Holmes, Meng-Hsuan Hsieh, Po-Cheng Liang, Ming-Yen Hsieh, Jee-Fu Huang, Chia-Yen Dai, Wan-Long Chuang, Raymond Chung, Ming-Lung Yu
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2020)
The comparative cost-effectiveness of statistical decision rules and experienced physicians in pharyngitis management
Authors: R. D. Cebul
Journal: JAMA (1986)

We examined whether probability-based decisions for streptococcal pharyngitis, using probabilities derived from predictive models along with Tompkins' decision rules, could be more cost-effective than the actual decisions of ten physicians. We retrospectively calculated the probability of a positive throat culture ("disease") for each of 310 patients using four different models based on discriminant analysis (1), a branching algorithm (2), and logistic regression (3 and 4). "Projected decisions" were based on these probabilities and Tompkins' rules. We calculated direct medical and indirect costs per correct action taken (diseased patient-treated or nondiseased patient-not treated). Two models' projected decisions were more cost-effective than the physicians'. Model 1 primarily would have reduced treatment costs (leaving no diseased patient untreated); model 4 primarily would have reduced throat culture costs (with 15% projected undertreatment). While using statistical decision rules may be cost-effective in this setting, their adoption should be consistent with physician and patient priorities. (<i>JAMA</i>1986;256:3353-3357)
A HOSPITAL STRIKE.
Journal: JAMA (1900)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Temporal Arteritis
Authors: A. J. Podboy
Journal: JAMA (1975)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The purpose of this communication is to highlight a serious disease that, although it often results in blindness and sometimes in death, is probably often overlooked. Yet its diagnosis need not be too difficult if the primary physician thinks of it and takes time to get a thorough history and determine the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). The treatment quickly produces dramatic results. The disease is often misdiagnosed or diagnosed too late to prevent the catastrophe of irreversible sudden blindness in one or both eyes. This disease occurs in patients over 60 years of age, sometimes as a sudden loss of vision due to ischemic optic neuritis secondary to occlusion of the central retinal artery. It is commonly preceded by boring, intractable headache over a period of weeks or months. Tension headaches are less severe, more bizarre, of longer duration, and related to stress. It is thought to
Further Evidence for a Developmental Subtype of Bipolar Disorder Defined by Age at Onset: Results From the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions
Authors: Benjamin Goldstein
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2006)

Objective: This study examines the relationship between age at onset of bipolar I disorder and illness characteristics among adults in a community sample. Method: The National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions identified 1,411 adults with bipolar disorder. For analyses, bipolar disorder subjects were divided into three age at onset groups: childhood (less than 13 years old, N=113), adolescence (13–18 years old, N=339), and adulthood (19 years or older, N=959). Results: Nonremitting bipolar disorder was most prevalent among childhood-onset subjects, and childhood-onset subjects were most likely to experience prolonged episodes. Antisocial personality disorder was most prevalent among childhood-onset subjects. Drug use disorders were more prevalent among childhood-onset and adolescent-onset, as compared with adult-onset, subjects. Prevalence of mixed episodes or irritability did not differ significantly between groups. Conclusions: Findings corroborate clinical studies: illness characteristics among adults with childhood-onset bipolar disorder are similar to those described in children with bipolar disorder.
Randomized phase III study of S-1 alone versus S-1 plus docetaxel (DOC) in the treatment for advanced gastric cancer (AGC): The START trial update.
Authors: M. Fujii, Y. H. Kim, T. Satoh, H. Hosaka, T. Kim, A. Tsuji, M. Inokuchi, A. Takagane, S. C. Oh, K. Tanabe, T. Okuno, K. Chin, T. Ura, J. I. Lee, Y. Kakudo, K. Yamaguchi, S. Iijima, M. Takeuchi, H. Kim, T. Nakajima
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

4016 Background: Based on SPIRITS trial, S-1/Cisplatin is currently regarded as one of the standard regimens for AGC in Japan. However, cisplatin requires in-hospital treatment. Phase II study of S-1/DOC (docetaxel) combination treatment for AGC showed long survival. We hypothesized that S-1/DOC could be better alternative regimen for AGC with the convenience of an outpatient treatment. Methods: This is a prospective, international randomized phase III study in pts with previously untreated AGC. Arm A: Pts received S-1 (40 mg/m2) bid d1- 14 + DOC (40 mg/m2 d1) q3w. Arm B: Pts received S-1 (40 mg/m2) bid d1-28 q6w. Eligibility criteria included measurable/non-measurable AGC and age 20-79. Primary endpoint was OS, secondary endpoints were TTP, RR and safety. Based on a planned sample size of 628 pts, the trial was designed to have 90% power to detect an improvement in OS from 300 to 400 days. The accrual period was 3 years with 2 years follow-up. Results: 639 pts (Arm A/B, 316/323) were registered and 623 pts (310/313) were eligible. The MST for Arm A was 390 and for Arm B was 334 days. The OS for Arm A was not superior to Arm B (log-rank p=0.1416, HR: 0.88). The TTP for Arm A was 161 and for Arm B was 126 days (log-rank p<0.0004, HR: 0.74). RR for Arm A was 30.3 and for Arm B was 18.4% (p=0.0004). In a subset analysis of OS in pre-stratified non-measurable AGC, the MST for Arm A was significantly superior to for Arm B (524/350, log-lank p=0.0389). S-1/DOC was well tolerated with all expected and manageable toxicities. We reported above results at ASCO GI 2011. In this updated report, we have investigated the influence of second-line treatments as well as details of non-measurable group in which S-1/DOC demonstrated a significantly superior OS. Taxanes were employed as second-line chemotherapy for 31% of pts in Arm B, and 77% of non-measurable pts had peritoneal metastasis. Conclusions: The combination of S-1/DOC did not meet the primary endpoint of OS. However, S-1/DOC appears as an effective treatment for AGC, because it represents a valid option for pts with non-measurable lesions or renal dysfunction and for treatment on an out-patient basis.
Pollen Extracts
Authors: FRANK PERLMAN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1972)

Letters, Comments, and Corrections1 October 1972Pollen ExtractsFRANK PERLMAN, M.D.FRANK PERLMAN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-77-4-663_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: In an exchange of letters in the May issue of the ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE (pp. 828-829) the question of efficacy of immunotherapy with pollen extracts is both challenged and defended. In recent months the FDA, in its broader scrutiny, has challenged the efficacy of drugs and biological preparations, including many vaccines. As a result, many drugs and vaccines are no longer available for treatment. A challenge to immunotherapy with pollen extracts and other allergens seems imminent if the guideline to proof of efficacy is to be based on presently known immunological tests.Immunotherapy has been carried... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByFractionation of pollen extracts by chromatography 1 October 1972Volume 77, Issue 4Page: 663-663KeywordsAllergensDrugsFood and Drug AdministrationPollenVaccines Issue Published: 1 October 1972 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Generic Consent for Genetic Screening
Authors: Sherman Elias, George J. Annas
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1994)

Our ability to translate our expanding genetic knowledge into usable information for individual men and women is at best uncertain. Today many adults are offered genetic counseling to help them make reproductive decisions, either before they attempt to achieve a pregnancy or to help them decide whether to continue or terminate one. Taking a family history and, when indicated, recommending certain tests to identify carriers of genetic diseases are standard in obstetrical care. Today's screening tests usually focus on conditions that occur either in the family or in the racial or ethnic group of one or both prospective parents. As . . .
INTRODUCTION OF WORD "ANAPHYLAXIS"
Authors: None M.D.
Journal: JAMA (1930)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —In an editorial inThe Journal, October 18, discussing the establishment of the National Institute of Health, there is reference to the contributions that the Hygienic Laboratory of the Public Health Service (which forms the nucleus for the new expansion) has made to the betterment of human health. In the course of this recital, it is stated: "Early studies of anaphylaxis, a word which, by the way, was coined at the Hygienic Laboratory, brought the phenomenon of hypersusceptibility to the attention of research workers throughout the world." I had assumed that the term anaphylaxis was coined by Prof. Charles Richet of Paris, who was awarded one of the earliest Nobel prizes in medicine for this contribution. Am II in error? [Comment.—Our correspondent is correct, and the statement inThe Journalwas inadvertently erroneous. In "The Principles of Immunology" (Philadelphia, J. B. Lippincott Company, 1921), Karsner and
Byron Polk Stookey Dies
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Associations between Air Pollution and Mortality in Phoenix, 1995-1997
Authors: Therese F. Mar, Gary A. Norris, Jane Q. Koenig, Timothy V. Larson
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2000)

We evaluated the association between mortality outcomes in elderly individuals and particulate matter (PM) of varying aerodynamic diameters (in micrometers) [PM(10), PM(2.5), and PM(CF )(PM(10) minus PM(2.5))], and selected particulate and gaseous phase pollutants in Phoenix, Arizona, using 3 years of daily data (1995-1997). Although source apportionment and epidemiologic methods have been previously combined to investigate the effects of air pollution on mortality, this is the first study to use detailed PM composition data in a time-series analysis of mortality. Phoenix is in the arid Southwest and has approximately 1 million residents (9. 7% of the residents are > 65 years of age). PM data were obtained from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) National Exposure Research Laboratory Platform in central Phoenix. We obtained gaseous pollutant data, specifically carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, ozone, and sulfur dioxide data, from the EPA Aerometric Information Retrieval System Database. We used Poisson regression analysis to evaluate the associations between air pollution and nonaccidental mortality and cardiovascular mortality. Total mortality was significantly associated with CO and NO(2) (p < 0.05) and weakly associated with SO(2), PM(10), and PM(CF) (p < 0. 10). Cardiovascular mortality was significantly associated with CO, NO(2), SO(2), PM(2.5), PM(10), PM(CF) (p < 0.05), and elemental carbon. Factor analysis revealed that both combustion-related pollutants and secondary aerosols (sulfates) were associated with cardiovascular mortality.
The diagnosis of art: Alice, the Duchess, Sir John Tenniel, foxgloves, and roses
Authors: J. K Aronson, M. Ramachandran
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2007)

In two of Sir John Tenniel's illustrations for Lewis Carroll's Alice's Adventures in Wonderland (1865), in the chapter entitled 'Pig and Pepper', Alice is shown standing near a foxglove.Tenniel's original illustrations were in monochrome, but in The Nursery 'Alice' (1889), the shortened version that Carroll prepared for readers 'from Nought to Five', they were coloured, and the flower is clearly a purple foxglove.In the first illustration Alice holds in her arms the Duchess's baby, which has just metamorphosed into a pig (Figure 1).In the second she stands talking to the Cheshire cat, who is sitting on the bough of a tree.The presence of foxgloves in these two illustrations is confusing, since Alice is about the same height as the flowers.However, purple foxgloves are on average about three feet in height, while we have just read that Alice has used the caterpillar's mushroom to adjust her height to nine inches.Of course, we don't know what height purple foxgloves are in Wonderland, but in another illustration, in Chapter IV, in which Alice is, according to the text, three inches high she is shown dwarfed by a thistle of about the expected height.Even stranger is the fact that Tenniel was not an artist who often included flowers in his drawings.In vain will you search for floral art in his Punch cartoons or his illustrations for works such as the Ingoldsby Legends. 1,2His woodland and garden scenes are dominated by shrubs and trees and his riversides by grasses.They do not, with a few exceptions, contain flowers.But in the Alice books flowers abound.In Wonderland, in addition to the foxglove and thistle mentioned above, there are the roses in the Queen's croquet-ground (Chapter VIII) and what looks like a scarlet-flowered epacris near the mushroom on which the caterpillar sits (Chapter IV).Tenniel also illustrated the garden of live flowers for Chapter II in Through the Looking-Glass, and What Alice Found There (1871), in which Carroll parodied the garden in Tennyson's Maud, with its roses and lilies, larkspurs, daisies, and violets.We know that Carroll made many suggestions to Tenniel about the types of illustrations that he wanted, 3 and he may have asked him to include all of these flowers, particularly the foxgloves.This suggestion is supported by the fact that in The Nursery 'Alice' Carroll drew attention specifically to the foxglove: 'Do you see that Fox-Glove growing close to the tree?And do you know why it's called a Fox-Glove?Perhaps you think it's got something to do with a Fox?No indeed!Foxes never wear gloves!The right word is ''Folk's-Gloves''.
PRESIDENTIAL ADDRESS
Authors: JONATHAN C.  MEAKINS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1935)

Article1 July 1935PRESIDENTIAL ADDRESSJONATHAN C. MEAKINS, F.A.C.P.JONATHAN C. MEAKINS, F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-9-1-1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptIt has been a custom of our College for the President to address you at least once a year and to take this occasion to deal with activities of the College, and incidentally such other subjects as it may please him to choose. Before proceeding with these matters I wish to take this opportunity of expressing my appreciation of the honor conferred upon me last year in electing me your President. Not only is it a great distinction to be chosen for this position by one's fellows in Internal Medicine, but also to be deemed worthy to follow in the... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Montreal, Quebec,*Read at the Philadelphia meeting of the American College of Physicians, May 1, 1935. Nextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 July 1935Volume 9, Issue 1Page: 1-11 Issue Published: 1 July 1935 PDF downloadLoading ...
DEEDS OF DARKNESS.
Journal: JAMA (1903)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Behavioral Toxicology of Carbon Disulfide and Toluene
Authors: Bernard Weiss, Ronald W. Wood, David A. Macys
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1979)

Organic solvents are pervasive in the communal and industrial environments. Although many are potent central nervous system agents, clearly delineated behavioral effects have played only a minor role in the formation of exposure standards. A comprehensive behavioral pharmacology and toxicology of these compounds is one aim of US/USSR collaboration. The current report describes some actions of carbon disulfide and toulene. Earlier data about the actions of carbon disulfide on pigeon operant performance indicated disruption of schedule-controlled key-pecking. Primate data are now described from a situation designed to determine aversive thresholds to electrical stimulation. Effective concentrations of carbon disulfide produced both a rise in the amount of electric shock tolerated and a diminution of the response force exerted by the monkeys. In experiments with toluene, pigeons were shown to elevate key-pecking rate in an operant situation at certain concentrations. Toluene also was studied for its capacity to maintain self-administration in the same way as drugs of abuse. Monkeys worked to gain access to toulene vapor just as they work for opiates or amphetamines. The current experiments demonstrate how comprehensive the range of behavioral toxicology needs to be to deal with environmental health issues.
The Human Pulmonary Circulation: its form and function in health and disease
Journal: Thorax (1987)

Classics are difficult to review; they should only improve, and the third edition of The Human Pulmonary Circulation fulfills this expectation.The content has been brought up to date with an increase in the number of illustrations but no increase in size, the text of this edition being slightly shorter than previously.The book remains arranged around struc- ture, both normal and abnormal, but includes extensive consideration of the physiology, biochemistry, and pharmacology of the lesser circulation.In keeping with new concepts of the role of the pulmonary circulation in homeostasis there is a comprehensive review of the circulation as a metabolic unit, including a new chapter on the endothelial cell.This provides an excellent outline of the structural specialisation of this cell, its metabolic functions such as amine uptake and enzymatic conversion 'of circulating peptides,
In Reply:
Authors: Marc L. Citron, Donald A. Berry, Constance Cirrincione, Clifford Hudis, Larry Norton, Eric P. Winer, William J. Gradishar, Nancy E. Davidson, Silvana Martino, Robert Livingston, James N. Ingle, John Carpenter, David Hurd, James F. Holland, Barbara Smith, Carolyn I. Sartor, Eleanor H. Leung, Jeffrey Abrams, Richard L Schilsky, Hyman B. Muss
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)