tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Core outcome sets in dermatology: report from the second meeting of the International Cochrane Skin Group Core Outcome Set Initiative
Authors: J. Kottner, L. Jacobi, E. Hahnel, M. Alam, K. Balzer, D. Beeckman, C. Busard, J. Chalmers, S. Deckert, V. Eleftheriadou, K. Furlan, S.E.R. Horbach, J. Kirkham, A. Nast, P. Spuls, D. Thiboutot, L. Thorlacius, K. Weller, H.C. Williams, J. Schmitt
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2018)

Summary Clinical trials are needed to find out whether drugs or other treatments work for people with skin diseases. People who take part in a clinical trial are often put into two groups. One group gets the test treatment and the other gets the control treatment. After the treatment has been tried over a period of time, the effect of the treatment in both groups is compared. The more the disease has improved, and the fewer the side effects, the better the treatment. It is very important to measure a person's response to treatment correctly, or else the study conclusions are useless. For instance, itch can be measured by asking the patient directly or by a doctor looking at scratch marks. Both “outcomes” give different information. It is equally important that researchers include the same outcomes when doing clinical trials in similar patient groups. In the field of atopic eczema for instance, it would be very difficult to compare the results of different treatments if one only measured skin redness, another measured itch and another measured only quality of life. You would think that by now, researchers over the world would have got together to sort our which outcomes should always be measured in certain skin diseases. But the reality is that everyone measures different things, making it almost impossible to combine the studies into something that makes sense. Now, a group of researchers, patients, and other experts are finally getting together to discuss how to best measure the treatment effects (or outcomes) in clinical trials of people with skin diseases. At an international meeting in Germany in January 2017, there was agreement about the best way to choose the “core” outcomes by looking at the best evidence and by asking lots of people. But some other things, such as how to best involve patients in making such decisions and how to reach agreement within a larger group of experts, turned out to be more tricky. The international CSG-COUSIN group are committed to following through their work and hope to come up with a set of core outcomes that should always be measured in people with different skin diseases, so that patients, doctors, nurses and those who pay for healthcare can make better sense of the hundreds of clinical trials that are being done today.
Immunological disorders in C virus chronic active hepatitis: A prospective case-control study
Authors: J Pawlotsky
Journal: Hepatology (1994)

Hepatitis C virus–related chronic hepatitis may be associated with various immunological disorders. The aim of this study was to determine prospectively the prevalence of the clinical, biochemical and pathological immunological abnormalities in a series of 61 consecutive patients with chronic hepatitis C, compared with those in 61 age- and sex-matched control subjects without markers of hepatitis C virus and hepatitis B virus infections and with those in 61 patients with chronic hepatitis B. The following investigations were systematically performed before any treatment: detection of serum cryoglobulinemia and rheumatoid factor, detection of a large variety of serum antitissue antibodies, biopsy of labial salivary glands, ophthalmological examination, dosage of thyroid-stimulating hormone and in vivo capillary microscopy. Cryoglobulinemia was found in 36% of the hepatitis C virus patients, four of whom had dermatological and/or neurological manifestations of vasculitis, and rheumatoid factor was present in 70%. Serum antitissue antibodies were detected in 41% of cases, mostly antinuclear and anti-smooth muscle antibodies. Liver-kidney microsomal and antithyroid antibodies were rare. Salivary gland lesions were found in 49% of the patients: all had lymphocytic capillaritis, sometimes associated with lymphocytic sialadenitis resembling that of Sjögren's syndrome, but without features of sicca syndrome and Ro/SSA antibodies. Five percent of the patients had lichen planus. The prevalences of cryoglobulinemia, rheumatoid factor and antitissue antibodies were significantly higher than those in the control group and patients with chronic hepatitis B. In conclusion, hepatitis C virus-related chronic hepatitis may be associated with immunological abnormalities that can be classified into several categories: (a) immune complex–mediated disease, mainly represented by mixed cryoglobulinemia that, in rare cases, may be associated with symptoms of vasculitis; (b) autoimmune abnormalities, frequent and mainly represented by serum autoantibodies, especially antinuclear and anti-smooth muscle antibodies; (c) salivary gland lesions, mainly lymphocytic capillaritis, which is found in approximately half the patients and might secondarily lead to lymphocytic sialadenitis resembling Sjögren's syndrome; and (d) lichen planus, in which hepatitis C virus could be the main agent of frequently associated liver disease. (HEPATOLOGY 1994;19:841–848.)
American Cancer SOCiety Second National Conference on Diet, Nutrition, and Cancer
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1985)

American Cancer SOCiety Second National Conference on Diet, Nutrition, and Cancer Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 74, Issue 3, March 1985, Page 734, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/74.3.734-a Published: 01 March 1985
Proliferation, apoptosis, and induction of hepatic transcription factors are characteristics of the early response of biliary epithelial (oval) cells to chemical carcinogens
Authors: H BISGAARD
Journal: Hepatology (1996)

In this study, we used [3H]thymidine labeling of newly synthesized DNA to examine the earliest effects of 2-acetylaminofluorene (2-AAF) on the mitotic activation of cells in the adult rat liver, and in situ hybridization analysis to study the expression of three transcription factors (HNF1 beta, HNF3 γ, and HNF4), and two of the genes (α-fetoprotein [AFP] and albumin) regulated by these factors. A low dose of 2-AAF (and its analogs, 2-AF [2-aminofluorene] and N-OH-2-AAF) elicited a mitogenic response in ductal cells and nondescript periductular cells within 24 hours after administration. The compounds also induced the expression of HNF1 beta, HNF3 γ, AFP, and albumin in ductal structures but had no detectable effect of HNF4 expression. In contrast, initiation of bile duct proliferation by ligation of the common bile duct had no effect on the expression of these genes in ductal cells. In addition to inducing a mitogenic response, 2-AAF resulted in increased numbers of apoptotic cells in the portal areas, a process that contributed to overall retention of liver morphology. Our results demonstrate that 2-AAF and some of its analogs can elicit a specific mitogenic response and induce expression of the “establishment” transcription factors, HNF1 beta and HNF3 γ, in ductal cells. Our data provide further support of a precursor-product relationship between “stem-like” cells located in ductal structures, oval cells, and hepatocytes.
Intra-aortic Balloon Counterpulsation (IABC) in Myocardial Infarction
Journal: JAMA (1973)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The prevention and management of rabies
Journal: BMJ (2015)

g7827) contains an error in the first paragraph of the section on "Routes for administering vaccines."The third sentence should have read: "The intradermal route has the advantages of being dose sparing, resulting in equivalent protection at up to 60-80% of the cost of the intramuscular route, and requiring a single visit for post-exposure prophylaxis in people with documented previous complete pre-exposure or post-exposure prophylaxis.
Elevated frequency of loss of heterozygosity of PTEN and p53 in breast carcinoma with HER2/neu overexpression
Authors: E. K. Tokunaga, Y. Kimura, E. Oki, Y. Kakeji, H. Baba, Y. Maehara
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

9607 Background: Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) of loci of tumor suppressor genes, such as p16INK4A/p15INK4B, was frequently observed in mouse manmmary tumor virus (MMTV) /neu transgenic mice. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between HER2/neu overexpression and the LOH of the major tumor suppressor genes in human breast carcinoma. Methods: Pairs of primary breast carcinoma tissues and corresponding normal tissues were obtained from 108 Japanese women who underwent surgery in our department. LOH of the loci of two major tumor suppressor genes, p53 and PTEN, was analyzed using the automated sequencer. The expression of HER2/neu in breast cancer tissues was evaluated by automated immunohistochemical method. The relationship between HER2/neu overexpression and the LOH of PTEN and p53 gene was examined. Correlation between LOH of PTEN or p53 locus and other clinico-pathological values was also examined. Results: Overexpression of HER2/neu was observed in 32 samples (29.6 %). LOH of PTEN locus was positive in 15 (13.9 %) in 88 informative cases and LOH of p53 locus was positive in 47 (43.5%) in 92 informative cases. LOH of PTEN locus was significantly correlated with the LOH of p53 locus (p=0.0122). LOH of the PTEN and p53 loci was significantly correlated with the overexpression of HER2/neu (p=0.0051, P=0.037). There were no correlation between LOH of PTEN or p53 locus and other clinico-pathological values, such as age, tumor size, clinical stage, axillary lymph node metastases and pathological classification. Conclusion: Frequency of the LOH at loci of PTEN and p53 was significantly high in the breast carcinoma with HER2/neu overexpression. These data suggest that HER2/neu plays an important role in the mechanism of allelic loss of tumor suppressor genes, such as PTEN and p53. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Reviews
Journal: BMJ (1899)

growth within a year of the operation.-Dr.W. K. WALLS read a communication on the treatment of Severe Accidental EHemorrhage-generally concealed-based upon a personal experience of 38 cases, and he discussed the treatment of this condition.He maintained that rupture of the membrancs, as generally advised, was injudicioi1s, owing to the inertia of the uterus generally present in these cases.He upheld the value of the plug and dilator combined, as in De Ribes's bag.After summarising the methods of active delivery per vias naturales, he discussed the value of abdominal section, ex- pressing the opinion that it could only have a very limited field of usefulness.He suggested that after delivery of the child, if the uterus remained inert and did not respond to ordinary stimuli, vaginal hysterectomy might be justifiable, alleging that many of the fatal cases of concealed accidental hsemorrhage were brought about by the intractable post-partum hemorrhage so commonly experienced.NEWPORT MBDICAL SOCIETY.-At a meeting on February ist, Mr. H.E. WILLIAMS (President) in the chair, Mr. 0. W. MORGAN showed a case of Cystic Tumour of the Neck.-Mr.H. B. SEDDON read notes of and showed a case of
Rescue of cardiomyocyte dysfunction by phospholamban ablation does not prevent ventricular failure in genetic hypertrophy
Authors: Qiujing Song, Albrecht G. Schmidt, Harvey S. Hahn, Andrew N. Carr, Beate Frank, Luke Pater, Mike Gerst, Karen Young, Brian D. Hoit, Bradley K. McConnell, Kobra Haghighi, Christine E. Seidman, Jonathan G. Seidman, Gerald W. Dorn, Evangelia G. Kranias
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2003)

Cardiac hypertrophy, either compensated or decompensated, is associated with cardiomyocyte contractile dysfunction from depressed sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ cycling. Normalization of Ca2+ cycling by ablation or inhibition of the SR inhibitor phospholamban (PLN) has prevented cardiac failure in experimental dilated cardiomyopathy and is a promising therapeutic approach for human heart failure. However, the potential benefits of restoring SR function on primary cardiac hypertrophy, a common antecedent of human heart failure, are unknown. We therefore tested the efficacy of PLN ablation to correct hypertrophy and contractile dysfunction in two well-characterized and highly relevant genetic mouse models of hypertrophy and cardiac failure, Gαq overexpression and human familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy mutant myosin binding protein C (MyBP-CMUT) expression. In both models, PLN ablation normalized the characteristically prolonged cardiomyocyte Ca2+ transients and enhanced unloaded fractional shortening with no change in SR Ca2+ pump content. However, there was no parallel improvement in in vivo cardiac function or hypertrophy in either model. Likewise, the activation of JNK and calcineurin associated with Gαq overexpression was not affected. Thus, PLN ablation normalized contractility in isolated myocytes, but failed to rescue the cardiomyopathic phenotype elicited by activation of the Gαq pathway or MyBP-C mutations.
WHEN JUDGES DIFFER.
Journal: JAMA (1890)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Caution Advised for Readers of Comments Related to Retracted Article
Authors: Khagendra Dahal, Kalgi Modi
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2018)

Although the risk of ventricular arrhythmia (VA) did not show significant difference in our study, that and the prevention of ventricular remodeling process are 2 possible mechanisms by which MRA extends its benefit in survival. 5 One reason why it did not show benefit in VA could be the lack of reporting by all studies on the VA outcome.Finally, we believe that based on the available data, MRA treatment appears to be beneficial to treat patients with STEMI.However, we agree with Dr Weir that owing to the post hoc nature of analysis in the ALBATROSS study for STEMI subgroup, 2 this should be further tested and verified in future dedicated randomized clinical trials in this population of interest.
Diseases of the New-Born: A Monographic Handbook.
Journal: JAMA (1926)

It is well known that the period of greatest infant mortality is during the first two weeks of life. Only by the dissemination of knowledge among physicians concerning the care and treatment of the new-born as well as that of the mother during the prenatal months can there be any hope for a reduction of the death rate within this period. It is to meet this need that this collection of papers has been published. Most of the papers are written by the author, the others having been contributed by members of the faculty of the Georgetown University Medical School. The author points out that the volume is concerned only with the diagnosis and treatment of the disabilities most commonly seen in the new-born. Its scope is therefore somewhat limited. Bibliographic notes are appended to each chapter, and add to the value of the book. The papers are well illustrated,
Unnecessary examinations?
Authors: S Pearce
Journal: BMJ (1982)

studies may be criticised because the number of patients was small and treatment lasted only four hours,9 there is a clear indication that postural manoeuvring has no dramatic effect in reducing the incidence of lumbar puncture headache.If, however, headache does develop and is severe it is generally agreed13 that the patient should lie flat until after the headache has disappeared.Lumbar puncture remains an essential neurological tool, with unpleasant if short-lived sequelae in many patients.It is indicated in fewer conditions now since the advent of non- invasive procedures that provide more precise and specific diagnostic information.
House staff recruitment to municipal and voluntary New York City residency programs during the AIDS epidemic
Authors: R. B. Ness
Journal: JAMA (1991)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To determine the impact on house staff recruitment of large numbers of patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). <h3>Design.</h3> —Trends in yearly survey data from the National Resident Matching Program from 1983 to 1990 were examined for residency programs in New York City, NY, where AIDS is epidemic, in the four largest US cities with the fewest AIDS cases, and nationally. Within New York City, trends were compared for residency programs serving large numbers of AIDS patients (high AIDS) and for other programs (low AIDS). <h3>Main Outcome Measures.</h3> —Number of matches in each study year as compared with the baseline year of 1983 and the yearly percentage of positions offered that were filled by matches. <h3>Results.</h3> —During the study period, New York City experienced a greater decline in US graduate matches than did the four low-AIDS cities or the nation. Within New York City, recruitment to municipal programs, all with large AIDS patient populations, dropped from 241 to 173 matches (28.2%) despite a 3.6% increase in positions. However, recruitment to both high-AIDS and low-AIDS voluntary programs improved in all years except 1990. After controlling for numbers of offered positions, high-AIDS and low-AIDS voluntary programs again showed similar trends until 1990. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —These observations cannot be attributed to AIDS alone. Multiple economic and social factors, including AIDS, may have contributed. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1991;266:2843-2846)
HEALTH OF CHICAGO FOR THE FIRST THREE WEEKS IN AUGUST.
Journal: JAMA (1893)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Thrombophlebitis
Authors: Janet M. Torpy
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Thrombophlebitis Blood clots can form in arteries or veins.When inflammation due to a blood clot occurs in a vein, it is called thrombophlebitis.Thrombophlebitis usually occurs in the veins of the legs.Rarely, it can occur in the veins of the arms or neck.Superficial (near the surface) thrombophlebitis occurs in the veins that are visible just under the skin.The area of inflammation is usually reddened, tender, and warm to the touch and can be painful.The leg or arm may swell and fever may occur.Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) is more dangerous than superficial thrombophlebitis.Deep venous thrombosis often cannot be seen or felt by the individual.Swelling of the leg or arm or fever may alert a person to the presence of a DVT, especially if risk factors for DVT exist.Pulmonary embolism, a condition that can be fatal, results from a DVT that becomes loose in the venous system and travels to the lungs.There, the blood clot blocks proper blood flow to the lungs and decreases oxygen levels in the body.The October 8, 2008, issue of JAMA includes an article about diagnostic testing for DVT.This Patient Page is based on one previously published in the July 26, 2006, issue of JAMA.
Socioeconomic Status of Women With Diabetes—United States, 2000
Journal: JAMA (2002)

Persons whose socioeconomic status is low have poorer health than other persons and are less likely to have adequate access to care or to receive high-quality clinical and prevention care services. In the United States, diabetes is a potentially debilitating disease that is increasing in prevalence; however, little is known about the socioeconomic status of persons with diabetes. Women account for approximately 52% of all persons aged > or = 20 years with diabetes. To assess the socioeconomic status of women with diabetes, CDC analyzed data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), which indicated that the socioeconomic status of women with diabetes in 2000 was markedly lower than that of women without diabetes. Efforts should be focused to understand the impact of socioeconomic conditions on the health and quality of care of women with diabetes.
Portal hypertension
Authors: L Lorente, M Aller, J Rodriguez, G Rodriguez, J Duran, J Arias, S Moller, V Gulberg, J Henriksen, A Gerbes, S Elsayed, F Farag, F Azzam, M Awad, M Hamid, G Shiha
Journal: Gut (1994)

3rd UEGWOslo 1994 a digital form in real time.The video sequences were digitalized and com- pressed using ScreenPlayer.We are convinced that multimedial technology can radically modify endo- scopic didactic programs.For this reason, we decided to program a series of CD-ROM for the teaching of digestive endoscopy, for the university faculties.11031 A Novel Method to Reduce Bloodloss in Radical Rectal Surgery for Cancer R. Krause.Dept. of Surgery, Ignatius