tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Urinary Analysis and Diagnosis.
Journal: JAMA (1899)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Tricyclic antidepressant cardiotoxicity
Authors: D. S. Robinson
Journal: JAMA (1976)

THE FOOD and Drug Administration (FDA) recently convened a conference of experts to review the question of cardiotoxicity of tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) drugs.<sup>1</sup>The main impetus for this meeting was concern over reports of changes detected in the electrocardiograms (ECGs) of children receiving imipramine hydrochloride at a dosage of 5 mg/kg<sup>2,3</sup>and of the sudden death of a child receiving a single bedtime dose of imipramine hydrochloride, 14.7 mg/ kg, for school phobia.<sup>4</sup>There is also evidence that TCAs given in therapeutic dosages alter myocardial function in adult patients<sup>5</sup>and occasionally produce heart block and tachyrhythmias in patients with a normal cardiovascular history.<sup>6-11</sup> The present concern stems from an increasing tendency of some physicians to employ higher-than-recommended dosages. Although arrhythmias do occur at standard dosages, the evidence suggests that the likelihood of producing substantial alteration in the ECG and cardiac arrhythmia is dose-related.<sup>6,8,10</sup>Thus,
Should We Abandon Routine Visits?
Authors: William R. Phillips
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2016)

Letters4 October 2016Should We Abandon Routine Visits?William R. Phillips, MD, MPHWilliam R. Phillips, MD, MPHFrom University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/L16-0323 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:I agree with Himmelstein and Phillips (1) that calls to abandon routine visits misinterpret the evidence and misunderstand the context and dynamics of patient care. No patient is average, and no visit is routine. Just because a patient does not need a specific test or treatment does not mean that he or she does not deserve care. Every visit presents an opportunity for care and connection, better understanding, deeper knowledge, and improved trust.Many routinely scheduled visits quickly become key encounters. Patients sometimes fail to recognize important symptoms, underestimate health risks, or need help changing risky behaviors. ...References1. Himmelstein DU, Phillips RS. Should we abandon routine visits? There is little evidence for or against. Ann Intern Med. 2016;164:498-9. [PMID: 26747523]. doi:10.7326/M15-2097 LinkGoogle Scholar2. World Health Organization. Constitution of the World Health Organization—basic documents, forty-fifth edition, supplement. October 2006. Accessed at www.who.int/governance/eb/who_constitution_en.pdf on 27 August 2016. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.Disclosures: Disclosures can be viewed at www.acponline.org/authors/icmje/ConflictOfInterestForms.do?msNum=L16-0323. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoShould We Abandon Routine Visits? There Is Little Evidence for or Against David U. Himmelstein and Russell S. Phillips Should We Abandon Routine Visits? Daniel Pomerantz Should We Abandon Routine Visits? Stephen J. Gluckman Should We Abandon Routine Visits? David U. Himmelstein and Russell S. Phillips Should We Abandon Routine Visits? Thomas J. Poulton Metrics 4 October 2016Volume 165, Issue 7Page: 528KeywordsBehaviorDisclosureEvidence based medicineHealth carePatients ePublished: 4 October 2016 Issue Published: 4 October 2016 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2016 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Tuberculosis Control Activities After Hurricane Katrina—New Orleans, Louisiana, 2005
Journal: JAMA (2006)

On August 29, 2005, when Hurricane Katrina struck the U.S. Gulf Coast, 130 Louisiana residents in the greater New Orleans area were known to be undergoing treatment for tuberculosis (TB) disease. Standard treatment and cure of TB requires a multidrug regimen administered under directly observed therapy (DOT) for at least 6 months. This report updates previous information and summarizes TB cases reported as of December 31, 2005, among persons undergoing TB treatment in the New Orleans area when Hurricane Katrina made landfall and among persons who were evacuated and subsequently received a diagnosis of TB in other parts of the country. By October 13, 2005, through intensive local, state, and national efforts involving both government and private sector partners, all 130 TB patients from the New Orleans area had been located and, if still indicated, had resumed TB treatment. As a result of heightened public health surveillance among Hurricane Katrina evacuees, six other New Orleans evacuees began treatment (i.e., two persons with known TB and four with previously undiagnosed TB) after arriving in other states. The success of these post-disaster TB control measures affirms the utility of alternative data sources during health-related emergencies and the importance of maintaining a strong TB control component in the public health sector.
Preventing fatal diseases increases healthcare costs: cause elimination life table approach
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Objectives: To examine whether elimination of fatal diseases will increase healthcare costs.Design: Mortality data from vital statistics combined with healthcare spending in a cause elimination life table.Costs were allocated to specific diseases through the various healthcare registers. Setting and subjects:The population of the Netherlands, 1988.Main outcome measures: Healthcare costs of a synthetic life table cohort, expressed as life time expected costs.Results: The life time expected healthcare costs for 1988 in the Netherlands were £56 600 for men and £80 900 for women.Elimination of fatal diseases-such as coronary heart disease, cancer, or chronic obstructive lung disease-increases healthcare costs.Major savings will be achieved only by elimination of non-fatal disease-such as musculoskeletal diseases and mental disorders. Conclusion:The aim of prevention is to spare people from avoidable misery and death not to save money on the healthcare system.In countries with low mortality, elimination of fatal diseases by successful prevention increases healthcare spending because of the medical expenses during added life years.
Asthma, Rhinitis, and Skin Test Reactivity to Aeroallergens in Families of Asthmatic Subjects in Anqing, China
Authors: JUAN C. CELEDÓN, LYLE J. PALMER, SCOTT T. WEISS, BINYAN WANG, ZHIAN FANG, XIPING XU
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2001)

In industrialized countries with a Western lifestyle, sensitization to perennial aeroallergens is strongly associated with asthma, whereas sensitization to seasonal aeroallergens is closely related to allergic rhinitis. Little is known, however, about the relation between skin test reactivity to aeroallergens and either asthma or rhinitis in mainland China. We studied 10,009 members of 2,544 families in Anqing (China) that were selected on the basis of physician-diagnosed asthma in at least two siblings. Generalized estimating equations were employed to study the association between skin test reactivity to aeroallergens and either asthma or rhinitis. After adjustment for age, sex, intensity of smoking, skin test reactivity to other aeroallergens, and household correlations, sensitization to dust mite was an independent predictor of both asthma (OR = 1.3, 95% CI = 1.1 to 1.5, p = 0.008) and rhinitis (OR = 1.3, 95% CI = 1.0 to 1.8, p = 0.04). Sensitization to mold was significantly associated with asthma (OR = 1.6, 95% CI = 1.1 to 2.3, p = 0.008), and sensitization to silk was an independent predictor of rhinitis (OR = 1.5, 95% CI = 1.1 to 2.2, p = 0.02). Although 46.9% of the study participants were sensitized to at least one allergen, only 3.5% of study subjects reported nasal symptoms consistent with rhinitis. Among asthmatic subjects, 6.2% reported nasal symptoms. Whereas sensitization to perennial aeroallergens was associated with asthma among families of asthmatic subjects in rural China, sensitization to silk was the strongest predictor of rhinitis in this population. Our findings also suggest that allergic rhinitis is far less common among asthmatic subjects in rural China than in asthmatic subjects in industrialized countries with a Western lifestyle.
THE NOMENCLATURE AND CLASSIFICATION OF DISEASES IN THE NAVY.
Journal: JAMA (1895)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 1882: Molecular context dictates the effects of eribulin on key EMT regulators: Snail and Slug
Authors: Roma Kaul, April L. Risinger, Susan L. Mooberry
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Microtubule targeting agents (MTAs) are a mainstay in the treatment of breast cancer and a growing body of evidence demonstrates that they have non-mitotic effects that contribute to their anticancer actions. Even after decades of clinical use, there is much to be learned about the mechanisms of action these drugs, and differences among them, for optimal utility. MTAs rapidly alter microtubule dynamics, often within minutes, leading to significant changes in oncogenic cellular signaling. We evaluated the early effects of eribulin on key oncogenic signaling pathways following a 2 h incubation using clinically relevant concentrations and compared the effects to those initiated by other MTAs. These studies led to the identification of novel mechanisms by which MTAs disrupt oncogenic signaling and contribute to the reversal of epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), including unanticipated differences among drugs. The TGF-β-mediated expression of the Snail transcription factor is a key driver pathway of EMT in breast cancer. The effects of eribulin and other MTAs on TGF-β-induced, Smad-dependent expression of Snail were evaluated. Our results show that eribulin and vinorelbine inhibit the ability of TGF-β to promote the transcriptional induction of Snail by impeding the nuclear transport of Smad2/3 proteins in 4 triple-negative breast cancer cell lines. The effects of microtubule destabilizers contrasted with those of paclitaxel, which had no effect on the expression of Snail. This study begins to explain how microtubule disruption might contribute to the eribulin-mediated EMT reversal. Slug is another member of the Snail family of transcription factors that plays a central role in breast cancer EMT. Although Snail and Slug are often grouped together due to functional similarities, it is now understood that they regulate non-overlapping sets of genes. In contrast to our findings with Snail, eribulin and vinorelbine, but not paclitaxel or ixabepilone, induced Slug over-expression in a subset of breast cancer cell lines. We have identified molecular contexts where eribulin and vinorelbine induced Slug expression, resulting in the identification of a potential biomarker for response to microtubule destabilization. This work highlights the multifaceted nature of MTA-mediated effects on EMT-associated signaling pathways in breast cancer cells. These studies are supported by Eisai Inc. Citation Format: Roma Kaul, April L. Risinger, Susan L. Mooberry. Molecular context dictates the effects of eribulin on key EMT regulators: Snail and Slug [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 1882.
Clinical Factors Associated with Acute Exacerbations of Chronic Rhinosinusitis
Authors: Jason Kwah, Whitney W. Stevens, Robert C. Kern, Stephanie S. Smith, Kevin C. Welch, David B. Conley, Bruce K. Tan, Leslie C. Grammer, Amy Yang, Robert P. Schleimer, Anju T. Peters
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2017)
Call for Participants
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
International Evaluation of Cause-Specific Mortality and IDDM
Journal: Diabetes Care (1991)

Objective A cross-cultural study was completed to evaluate differences in mortality patterns in four population cohorts in Japan; Israel; Allegheny County, Pennsylvania; and Finland. Research Design and Methods Cases were diagnosed between 1 January 1965 and 31 December 1979. Mortality was determined as of 1 January 1985. There were 147 deaths occurring in the 8212 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients in the four countries. A standardized protocol for assessing causes of death (cause-specific mortality) was developed; in this article, we report the causes. Results Major overall mortality differences by country appeared, with IDDM subjects in Japan much more likely to die than in the other countries. In Japan, the elevated mortality was the result of acute diabetes-related complications and kidney disease. For all countries, mortality from acute diabetes-related complications accounted for a surprisingly high percentage of deaths (&amp;gt; 25% in each country). A larger percentage of cases in Finland died as a result of suicide than for the other three countries. Conclusions The results suggest that there are major cross-country differences in cause-specific mortality and that much of the premature mortality associated with diabetes is potentially preventable.
Systems Toxicology and the Chemical Effects in Biological Systems (CEBS) Knowledge Base
Authors: Michael Waters, Gary Boorman, Pierre Bushel, Michael Cunningham, Rick Irwin, Alex Merrick, Kenneth Olden, Richard Paules, James Selkirk, Stanley Stasiewicz, Brenda Weis, Ben Van Houten, Nigel Walker, Raymond Tennant
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2002)

The National Center for Toxicogenomics is developing the first public toxicogenomics knowledge base that combines molecular expression data sets from transcriptomics, proteomics, metabonomics, and conventional toxicology with metabolic, toxicological pathway, and gene regulatory network information relevant to environmental toxicology and human disease.It is called the Chemical Effects in Biological Systems (CEBS) knowledge base and is designed to meet the information needs of "systems toxicology," involving the study of perturbation by chemicals and stressors, monitoring changes in molecular expression and conventional toxicological parameters, and iteratively integrating biological response data to describe the functioning organism.Based upon functional genomics approaches used successfully in analyzing yeast gene expression data sets, relational and descriptive compendia will be assembled for toxicologically important genes, groups of genes, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), and mutant and knockout phenotypes.CEBS data sets will be fully documented in the experimental protocol and therefore searchable by compound, structure, toxicity end point, pathology end point, gene, gene group, SNP, pathway, and network as a function of dose, time, and the phenotype of the target tissue.A knowledge base is being developed by assimilating toxicological, biological, and chemical information from multiple public domain databases and by progressively refining that information about gene, protein, and metabolite expression for classes of chemicals and their biological effects in various species.By analogy to the GenBank database for genome sequences, researchers will globally query (or BLAST) CEBS using a transcriptome of a tissue of interest (or a list of outliers) to have the knowledge base return information on genes, groups of genes, metabolic and toxicological pathways, and contextually associated phenotypic information for compounds that display similar response profiles.With high-quality data content, CEBS will ultimately become a resource to support hypothesis-driven and discovery research that contributes effectively to drug safety and the improvement of risk assessments for chemicals in the environment.The CEBS development effort will span a decade or more.
Ether cystitis
Authors: R. E. Nellans
Journal: JAMA (1985)

CHEMICAL cystitis has been reported and thoroughly documented following therapy with cyclophosphamide,<sup>1,2</sup>analgesics,<sup>3</sup>and methicillin sodium<sup>4,5</sup>and following turpentine ingestion<sup>6</sup>; however, cystitis due to ether has been the subject of only one previous report. Lebowitz and Effman<sup>7</sup>reported two cases of severe chemical cystitis that developed after ether was used to dissolve Foley catheter balloons that would not deflate. One child had an uneventful recovery, but the other required permanent urinary diversion because of increasing hydroureteronephrosis, vesicoureteral reflux, and a contracted bladder. The initial clinical course in both of these cases was very similar to the one we describe. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 30-year-old woman with no previous history of urologic problems underwent uneventful laparoscopy and dilatation and curettage for an infertility evaluation in November 1981. A Foley catheter was left in place postoperatively; however, there was difficulty in deflating the water-filled balloon at
SOLDIER SURGEONS
Journal: JAMA (1990)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Tales from the crypt
Authors: E. A. Schon
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2003)

Intestinal colonic crypts are derived from a stem cell population located at the base of each crypt. A new analysis of mitochondrial function and of the rates of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutation in individual crypts shows that mtDNA mutations arise in stem cells — and at a surprisingly high frequency. Because crypts turn over extremely rapidly (about once per week), somatic mtDNA mutations can "take over the system" and even become homoplasmic, in a manner similar to what has been shown to occur in tumors.
Anatomy of schizophrenia
Authors: L. L. Havens
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Surely no other term in medicine rivals schizophrenia in the amount of confusion and despair it provokes. One of the great mystery stories of modern medicine, it is a story full of clues, rich in suspects, littered with victims, and with as yet no solution. The police as usual are busy but not impressive and the Sherlock Holmeses on the case offer divided counsel. There is considerable suspicion that the damage represents the work of not one person but a gang. Osler once remarked that the physician who treats himself has a fool for a patient. But in matters psychiatric we are all, now and then, our own doctors, and perhaps often fools. The anxieties, sadnesses, slips, and misbehaviors of everyday life seldom bring us to a psychiatrist any more than we get a neurosurgeon for a hangover. But they do put us in touch with the<i>materials</i>of psychiatric