tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Therapy for acute cystitis in adult women. Randomized comparison of single-dose sulfisoxazole vs trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole
Authors: F. J. Buckwold
Journal: JAMA (1982)

One hundred seventeen unselected women with symptoms of acute cystitis were randomized to groups for immediate therapy with one of the following four single-dose regimens: (1) 1 g of sulfisoxazole; (2) 2 g of sulfisoxazole; (3) a combination of trimethoprim, 160 mg, and sulfamethoxazole, 800 mg; and (4) a combination of trimethoprim, 320 mg, and sulfamethoxazole, 1,600 mg. Forty-one women were excluded, 13 did not return for follow-up, and 28 did not have significant bacteriuria in the pretherapy culture.<i>Escherichia coli</i>was isolated in 81% of infections. Antibacterial activity was significantly greater in urine collected during the 24 hours after therapy in those who received trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. However, overall cure varied from 85% to 95%, without any great differences between the regimens. The rate of cure of 69% in the 13 patients with presumptive evidence of renal infection (antibody-coated bacteria present) was significantly lower than the rate of cure of 95% in women without evidence of renal infection. Single-dose therapy with these regimens was safe and effective in adult women with symptoms of acute cystitis, regardless of the localization of the site of infection. (<i>JAMA</i>1982;247:1839-1842)
真皮胶原纤维在早期妊娠纹中的严重干扰和混乱
Authors: F. Wang, K. Calderone, T.T. Do, N.R. Smith, Y.R. Helfrich, T.R.B. Johnson, S. Kang, J.J. Voorhees, G.J. Fisher
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2018)

妊娠纹影响着50~90%的孕妇并且可能会引起情感抑郁。最初的妊娠纹略带红色,在几个月至几年后逐渐成熟,形成永久性白色条纹并带有凹陷的疤痕状外观。由于我们对妊娠纹的发展方式知之甚少,因此由美国密歇根大学开展的本项研究旨在检查早期妊娠纹中发生的分子改变,这些发现可能可以解释成熟妊娠纹的出现。为了这项研究,妊娠中期或晚期的孕妇提供了最近形成的、微红色妊娠纹腹部皮肤样本;此外,一些孕妇还在分娩后提供了皮肤样本。作者利用实验室技术分析了这些皮肤样本,以检查胶原质(为皮肤提供力量和支撑的主要蛋白质)的外观、组织和产生。他们发现,胶原质在早期妊娠纹中表现异常。特别是通常包裹紧密的胶原纤维束呈现出明显的分离状态,就好象被极限的皮肤拉伸“撕开”了一样。而皮肤则试图通过制造更多的胶原质来修复这些分离、受损的胶原纤维束。然而这种修复过程并不充分,并且产生了异常薄且紊乱的胶原蛋白链,未能形成正常的胶原纤维束。这些变化在分娩后仍继续存在于妊娠纹中,而这似乎能解释为何成熟妊娠纹呈现出凹陷且缺乏结构支撑的状态。该研究发现表明,维护胶原质的正常组织和结构的方法可能可以预防妊娠纹。妊娠纹形成之后,刺激胶原质以紧密包裹的胶原纤维束的形式产生的治疗可能可以改善妊娠纹的外观。许多现有的改善妊娠纹的治疗并不奏效,很可能是因为它们并没有刺激正常胶原质的重建。就研究本身而言,作者的发现不仅深入说明了妊娠纹在分子水平上的发展方式,而且提供了改善妊娠纹外观的治疗策略。
Land Use and Transportation Issues in Environmental Control
Authors: Sally D. Liff, Salvatore J. Bellomo
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1975)

Analyses have been made of the effects of environmental controls and planning at regional, subarea, and project levels. The results obtained at the regional level are reviewed for a proposed highway development around Baltimore, Md. The findings for both short-term and long-term effects of alternative transport policies are summarized in respect of population and employment, economic indicators, traffic and travel, air quality, water and solid waste, noise, and environmentally sensitive areas. Problems at subarea and project levels are briefly considered.
Molecular Properties Of The Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor
Authors: N. Nathanson
Journal: Annual Review of Neuroscience (1987)

The brain's default mode network consists of discrete, bilateral and symmetrical cortical areas, in the medial and lateral parietal, medial prefrontal, and medial and lateral temporal cortices of the human, nonhuman primate, cat, and rodent brains. Its ...Read More
Felicitous Festschrift: Burnet's Birthday
Authors: E.J. H.
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1970)

Editorial Notes1 May 1970Felicitous Festschrift: Burnet's BirthdayE.J. H.E.J. H.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-72-5-755 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe usual design for a Festschrift almost insures that its contents will be less than wholly up to the needs of the occasion. The celebrated man is unlikely to be equalled in wisdom and acts by all of his students. Therefore, if they are the source of the papers to be read and published in his honor, some contributions will be laurel leaves, but some may be thorns.An exception is the symposium that honored Sir Macfarlane Burnet in September 1969, the month of his seventieth birthday. Having not been designed by this formula, it is not burdened by the...Reference1. Man and His Science. Burnet Symposium Issue. Aust Ann Med 18(4):293-369, 1969 Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: E.J. H. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1970Volume 72, Issue 5 Page: 755-755 ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1970 PDF downloadLoading ...
Trends and Perspectives of the Biological Prophylaxis of Silicosis
Authors: Boris A. Katsnelson, Eugene V. Polzik, Kapitalina I. Morosova, Larissa I. Privalova, Marina Yu. Kochneva, Nadezda S. Kislitsina, Vladimir S. Kasantsev
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1989)

Based on earlier paper in this journal, as well as on new data concerning factors predetermining individual susceptibility to silicosis, we propose a comprehensive system of recommendations aimed at increasing the working population's resistance against the harmful action of silica dust.These recommendations consider, on one hand, the criteria of possible selection for employment in dusty industries of individuals who do not possess characteristics making them especially sensitive to this harmful action (collective biological prophy- laxis), and on the other hand, the influences that could diminish such sensitivity (individual biological pro- phylaxis).Some ethical and practical problems of the biological prophylaxis of occupational diseases and a mathematical approach to predicting its effectiveness are also discussed.
What's new in the other general journals
Authors: Alison Tonks
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Dental amalgam is half mercury, a well known neurotoxin. A vigorous debate has run for years about whether amalgam fillings poison children, mostly without the benefit of decent prospective evidence. The first two randomised trials to consider this indicate that amalgam is safe, at least in the short term. Both studies failed to find any indication of neurological damage in children whose back teeth were filled with amalgam. Controls had their back teeth filled with a resin composite instead. The trials were relatively small, however, given that many millions of children worldwide have amalgam fillings, and a linked editorial remains somewhat sceptical (pp 1835-6). Neither trial was powerful enough to detect subtle neuropsychological changes in children given amalgam fillings. Even if these changes occurred with an incidence of only 1%, they would still affect about 500 000 children worldwide. In both trials, children treated with amalgam had significantly higher urinary concentrations of mercury than children treated with composite resin. They were followed up for seven years or less, so longer term effects cannot be ruled out. The editorial concludes that it's too early to end the debate (or the research) on the safety of amalgam fillings for children. Credit: JAMA JAMA 2006;295: 1775–83 and 1784–92 [OpenUrl][1][CrossRef][2][PubMed][3][Web of Science][4] Radiofrequency ablation around the pulmonary vein is an effective treatment for some patients with atrial fibrillation. Most of the time it's safe. But reports are emerging of a rare and catastrophic complication—the formation of a fistula between the oesophagus and the left atrium. Twelve cases have been reported, and only one patient has survived. The most recent case series included nine patients who presented between 10 and 16 days after their ablation procedure. They had non-specific symptoms at first; most had a fever and felt generally unwell. All nine developed septicaemia, eight developed neurological symptoms characteristic of cerebral air embolism … [1]: {openurl}?query=rft.jtitle%253DJAMA%26rft.stitle%253DJAMA%26rft.issn%253D0002-9955%26rft.aulast%253DBellinger%26rft.auinit1%253DD.%2BC.%26rft.volume%253D295%26rft.issue%253D15%26rft.spage%253D1775%26rft.epage%253D1783%26rft.atitle%253DNeuropsychological%2Band%2Brenal%2Beffects%2Bof%2Bdental%2Bamalgam%2Bin%2Bchildren%253A%2Ba%2Brandomized%2Bclinical%2Btrial.%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Adoi%252F10.1001%252Fjama.295.15.1775%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Apmid%252F16622139%26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx [2]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1001/jama.295.15.1775&link_type=DOI [3]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=16622139&link_type=MED&atom=%2Fbmj%2F332%2F7548%2F1025.atom [4]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=000236886900020&link_type=ISI
Council on Medical Education and Hospitals
Authors: Donald G. Anderson
Journal: JAMA (1949)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Harassment at work
Authors: E. Gillow
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Sexual harassment, although the most publicised form, is not the only form harassment can take. Harassment or bullying can be based on a person's sex, race, disability, sexual orientation, transsexuality, age, or religion, or it might simply be an abuse of the power that one person has over another. This article looks at the different forms harassment (including bullying) can take, what to do if you are a victim of harassment, and the steps that an organisation can take to prevent, or at least limit, harassment in the workplace. ### Procedure for harassment claims #### Informal procedure #### Formal procedure A disciplinary hearing may take place #### Types of bullying behaviour*
Thrombolytic Predictive Instrument
Authors: Harry P. Selker, Christopher H. Schmid, John L. Griffith
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1999)

Letters16 November 1999Thrombolytic Predictive InstrumentHarry P. Selker, MD, MSPH, Christopher H. Schmid, PhD, and John L. Griffith, PhDHarry P. Selker, MD, MSPHNew England Medical Center; Boston, MA 02111 (Selker)New England Medical Center; Boston, MA 02111 (Schmid)New England Medical Center; Boston, MA 02111 (Griffith)Search for more papers by this author, Christopher H. Schmid, PhDNew England Medical Center; Boston, MA 02111 (Selker)New England Medical Center; Boston, MA 02111 (Schmid)New England Medical Center; Boston, MA 02111 (Griffith)Search for more papers by this author, and John L. Griffith, PhDNew England Medical Center; Boston, MA 02111 (Selker)New England Medical Center; Boston, MA 02111 (Schmid)New England Medical Center; Boston, MA 02111 (Griffith)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-131-10-199911160-00021 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:As described in an earlier issue of Annals of Internal Medicine(1), when programmed into a conventional electrocardiograph, the thrombolytic predictive instrument (TPI) provides the emergency physician with predicted probabilities of key outcomes for a patient with acute myocardial infarction: 30-day mortality, 1-year mortality, and cardiac arrest within 48 hours if the patient is given or not given thrombolytic therapy and intracranial hemorrhage or other major (transfusion-requiring) bleeding if thrombolytic therapy is used. We would like to bring attention to how one variable in one of the TPI's five component predictive instruments should be altered in its use ...Reference1. Selker HP, Griffith JL, Beshansky JR, Schmid CH, Califf RM, D'Agostino RB, et al . Patient-specific predictions of outcomes in myocardial infarction for real-time emergency use: a thrombolytic predictive instrument. Ann Intern Med. 1997;127:538-56. LinkGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: New England Medical Center; Boston, MA 02111 (Selker)New England Medical Center; Boston, MA 02111 (Schmid)New England Medical Center; Boston, MA 02111 (Griffith) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byQuantitative instruments for predicting risk … and benefit**Editorials published in the Journal of the American College of Cardiologyreflect the views of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of JACCor the American College of Cardiology.The Development and Role of Predictive Instruments in Acute Coronary Events: Improving Diagnosis and Management 16 November 1999Volume 131, Issue 10Page: 791-792KeywordsAcute myocardial infarctionDatabasesElectrocardiographyHeartHemorrhageMortalityTissue plasminogen activator Issue Published: 16 November 1999 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1999 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Amer J Obstetrics &amp;amp; Gynecology, St. Louis
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 1529: Endoneurial macrophages induce perineural invasion of pancreatic cancer cells by secretion of GDNF and activation of RET tyrosine kinase receptor.
Authors: Oren Cavel, Richard J. Wong, Olga Shomron, Moran Amit, Ziv Gil
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Perineural invasion of cancer cells (CPNI) is found in most patients with pancreatic adenocarcinomas (PDAs), prostate or head and neck cancers. These patients undergo palliative rather than curative treatment due to dissemination of cancer along nerves, well beyond the extent of any local invasion. Although CPNI is a common source of distant tumor spread and a cause of significant morbidity, its exact mechanism is undefined. Immunohistochemical analysis of specimens excised from patients with PDAs showed a significant increase in the number of endoneurial macrophages (EMΦs) which lie around nerves invaded by cancer compared to normal nerves. Video microscopy and time-lapse analysis revealed that EMΦs are recruited by the tumor cells in response to colony stimulated factor-1 secreted by invading cancer cells. Conditioned medium (CM) of tumor-activated EMΦs (tEMΦs) induced a 5-fold increase in migration of PDA cells compared to controls. Compared to resting EMΦs, tEMΦs secreted higher levels of glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), inducing phosphorylation of RET and downstream activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK) in PDA cells. Genetic and pharmacologic inhibition of the GDNF receptors GFRA1 and RET abrogated the migratory effect of EMΦ-CM and reduced ERK phosphorylation. In an in-vivo CPNI model, CCR2-deficient mice which have reduced macrophages recruitment and activation showed minimal nerve invasion, while wild-type mice developed complete sciatic nerve paralysis due to massive CPNI. Taken together, our results identify a paracrine response between EMΦs and PDA cells which orchestrates the formation of cancer nerve invasion. Citation Format: Oren Cavel, Richard J. Wong, Olga Shomron, Moran Amit, Ziv Gil. Endoneurial macrophages induce perineural invasion of pancreatic cancer cells by secretion of GDNF and activation of RET tyrosine kinase receptor. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1529. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-1529 Note: This abstract was not presented at the AACR Annual Meeting 2013 because the presenter was unable to attend.
WHY NOT THE PHARMACISTS?
Journal: JAMA (1987)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Small cell bronchogenic carcinoma. A prolonged remission following chemotherapy
Authors: M. H. Cohen
Journal: JAMA (1977)

CONSIDERABLE progress has been made in the treatment of small cell bronchogenic carcinoma. Using chemotherapy with or without radiation therapy, objective tumor regression is noted in 40% to 90% of treated patients.<sup>1,2</sup>Despite these high response rates, the median survival time of affected persons is still measured in months<sup>1</sup>; prolonged, diseasefree survival following chemotherapy has not been observed. This report is of interest, therefore, since it concerns a patient with small cell bronchogenic carcinoma who was treated only with chemotherapy and who is now free of clinical evidence of tumor more than 24 months after treatment was discontinued. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 65-year-old man had dyspnea and a 10% weight loss. Chest x-ray film showed atelectasis of the left lung. Bronchoscopy disclosed left vocal cord paralysis and a mass that obstructed the left mainstem bronchus. Biopsy specimen of this mass, bronchial washings, and results of sputum cytologic
Renal function in 29 healthy adults before and after nephrectomy
Authors: A. G. Krohn
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Twenty-nine healthy subjects, who served as renaltransplant donors, were studied to determine the effect of nephrectomy on blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine level, and renal clearance in the early postoperative period (1 to 18 days). A mean increase in BUN and creatinine of 26% and 33%, respectively, occurred. Clearance levels of endogenous creatinine and of paraaminohippurate were 70.5% and 70.2%, respectively, of the preoperative mean, indicating a rapid 40% increase in the function of the remaining kidney. No variation in renal function in relation to age of patient or postoperative day could be demonstrated in the early postoperative period.
Grundriss der wissenschaftlichen Anatomie Zum Gebrauch neben jedem Lehrbuch der Anatomie für studierende und Aerzte.
Journal: JAMA (1926)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
MEDICAL SECTARIANISM
Authors: JOHN BENJAMIN NICHOLS
Journal: JAMA (1913)

The existence in the community of various schools and sects, flourishing and popular, each claiming to present a complete system of medical practice, is a vexatious condition constantly confronting the medical profession. The regular profession feels that scientific medicine, being grounded on rational and comprehensive principles, while far from perfect, possesses an entirely different status from that of the sects, and has unimpeachable claims to acceptance. The point of view of the scientific physician makes him unable to perceive any rational basis for sectarian dogmas, and the credence and support which they receive arouse his indignant amazement and exasperation. It brings a shock to our self-esteem when we discover that the public does not accept us at our own valuation, but that in many quarters exist misunderstanding, distrust and antagonism against the medical profession. The experience of the profession in connection with legislative propositions on medical matters has brought a