tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
THE NEURONE DOCTRINE.
Journal: JAMA (1904)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
New ADC Shrinks HER2-Positive Tumors
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2019)

A phase I trial reported positive results for an antibody-drug conjugate that targets HER2-positive tumors. Trastuzumab duocarmazine, which kills tumor cells by causing DNA damage, induced partial responses in 33% of patients whose tumors were resistant to the approved antibody-drug conjugate trastuzumab emtansine. The drug caused fatigue, neutropenia, pneumonitis, and eye-related side effects.
Pharmacokinetics, Interactions with Macromolecules and Species Differences in Metabolism of DEHP
Authors: Phillip W. Albro, Jean T. Corbett, Joanna L. Schroeder, Sandra Jordan, Hazel B. Matthews
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1982)

The recent long-term carcinogenesis bioassay of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) in rats and mice reported by the National Toxicology Program was the first such bioassay to implicate DEHP as a hepatocarcinogen. At the levels of DEHP fed (up to 1.2% of the diet for two years), the livers of the rats would have been exposed to unhydrolyzed diester; this would not have been the case at lower dosages. Extrapolation to lower dosages is therefore questionable. We do not have sufficient pharmacokinetic data in mice to evaluate the dose relationships as yet. Rodents differ conspicuously from primates in their manner of metabolizing DEHP, both in terms of the demand made on the oxidation potential of the liver and in the chemical properties of the major metabolites. The relevance of these differences must be determined before rodent species can be considered models for the effects of DEHP in humans. Radioactivity from carbonyl-labeled DEHP did not associate with purified protein, RNA or DNA from rat liver in vivo. Label from 2-ethyl-(1-14C)-hexyl-labeled DEHP or mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP) did appear to associate strongly with purified DNA, but label from free 14C-labeled 2-ethylhexanol did not. The apparent binding from DEHP and MEHP was not exchangeable, but was not proven to be covalent. This phenomenon needs additional study.
Autosomal dominant Alport syndrome caused by a COL4A3 splice site mutation
Authors: Frank T.L. Van Der Loop, Laurence Heidet, Erika D.J. Timmer, Bianca J.C. Van Den Bosch, Anu Leinonen, Corinne Antignac, J. Ashley Jefferson, A. Peter Maxwell, Leo A.H. Monnens, Cornelis H. Schroder, Hubert J.M. Smeets
Journal: Kidney International (2000)
Chemotherapy in Women with Breast Cancer
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2003)

Letters18 November 2003Chemotherapy in Women with Breast CancerThe EditorsThe EditorsSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-139-10-200311180-00027 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:We appreciate that Dr. Liebmann and associates took the trouble to write to us about our Editors' Notes for the article by Du and colleagues. We said that many unnecessary deaths could probably be prevented by following the National Institutes of Health guidelines. Liebmann and associates' citation of our statement omitted the word probably, a word that we chose with care to be sure that readers understood that we were making a conjecture rather than a conclusion based on established fact. Our conjecture would have been more informed if we had estimated the number of women who might ...Reference1. Polychemotherapy for early breast cancer: an overview of the randomised trials. Early Breast Cancer Trialists' Collaborative Group. Lancet. 1998; 352:930-42. [PMID: 9752815] Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoDiscrepancy between Consensus Recommendations and Actual Community Use of Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Women with Breast Cancer Xianglin L. Du , Charles R. Key , Cynthia Osborne , Jonathan D. Mahnken , and James S. Goodwin Chemotherapy in Women with Breast Cancer James Liebmann , Clark Haskins , Barbara McAneny , Richard Giudice , Douglas Clark , and Natalie Marshall Chemotherapy in Women with Breast Cancer Linda C. Harlan , Limin X. Clegg , and Joan L. Warren Chemotherapy in Women with Breast Cancer Xianglin L. Du and Charles R. Key Metrics Cited byInformation on chemotherapy and hormone therapy from tumor registry had moderate agreement with chart reviews 18 November 2003Volume 139, Issue 10Page: 869KeywordsAdjuvant chemotherapyBreast cancerChemotherapy ePublished: 18 November 2003 Issue Published: 18 November 2003 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2003 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
ANNUAL REPORT ON GRADUATE MEDICAL EDUCATION IN THE UNITED STATES
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Scciety Proceedings
Journal: JAMA (1921)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
An Epitome of Current Medical Literature
Journal: BMJ (1896)

MEDICINE.(393) Arthritis in Croupous Pneumonia.VOGELIUS (Arch.de M&d.Ex p&imentale, March, 1896) draws attention to this somewhat uncommon complication of croupous pneumonia, and gives the history of two cases under his own observation.The first, a workman, aged 38, suffering from an ordinary croupous pneumonia, complained on the fifth day of pain about the middle of the right clavicle followed by swelling, redness, and luctuation at the right sternal clavicular articulation.On exploration the joint was found to con- tain sero-purulent fluid and yellow membranous flakes, and it was found that the sternal end of the clavicle was disorganised.Bacteriological examination of the fluid showed it to contain large numbers of diplococci.The second case was that of a painter, aged 6o, the subject of pneumonia, which was fol- lowed by a left empyema, with painful swelling of one hip-joint.This was also found to contain pus, and gave the same result on examination-large numbers of diplococci, apparently identical with the Fraenkel diplococcus.The author points out that suppurative arthritis is a rare complication of croupous pneu- monia, but at the same time expresses the opinion that it may occur more fre- quently than is supposed, being looked upQn as a rheumatic affection having no relation to the principal disease.Future bacteriological observations may probably result in the demonstration of the interdependence of the two conditions.These articular affections may declare themselves at different periods of the disease; sometimeswhen the fever attains its highest point, at others after the crisis.In one case it supervened before the beginning of the pneumonia, when the not unnatural diagnosis of acute articular rheumatism was made.In general only one joint is affected, and apparently those of the upper extremity are most liable.The synovial membrane is greatly injected, but the cartilages and bones are rarely affected, even when there is marked sup- puration.The surrounding muscles are infiltrated and greyish-yellow in colour, and large numbers of diplococci may be found in them.The effusion into the joint varies from serous to thick pus.Naturally this complication renders the prognosis graver, but in case of recovery from the pneumonia the prognosis so far as the joint is concerned is good.(394) The Fnctions of the Stomach is Carcinoma of the (Esophagus.
Protective effect of faecal occult blood test screening for colorectal cancer: worse prognosis for screening refusers
Authors: Y Niv
Journal: Gut (2002)

Background and aims: Screening for colorectal cancer (CRC) by faecal occult blood testing (FOBT) decreases CRC mortality by 15–33%. Compliance remains an obstacle to maximising the benefit of FOBT screening. We tested the hypothesis that individuals offered FOBT screening but refused would have an increased incidence and worse prognosis for CRC compared with those tested and with controls. Methods: Annual screening was offered to 3548 average risk individuals, ≥40 years of age, from a highly stable population. A total of 2538 agreed to testing (group 1) and 1010 (28%) refused (group 2). Another 1376 individuals were never offered the test and served as controls (group 3). The groups were followed for 11 years: a three year screening period (1985–1987) and an eight year follow up period at the end of the screening programme (1988–1995). Incidence, stage, and mortality were compared. Characterisation of refusers was completed in 188 and 130 subjects of groups 1 and 2, respectively. Results: In the screening phase, mortality from CRC was significantly lower in group 1 than in groups 2 and 3. The cumulative incidence of CRC in the eight year follow up period was 21 (0.88%), 23 (2.28%), and 13 (0.94%) in groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively. This shows a reduction of 61.4% in group 1 compared with group 2 (relative risk 0.28 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.19–0.32)) (p&lt;0.001) and 6.4% compared with group 3 (relative risk 0.93 (95% CI 0.93–1.00)) (NS). During follow up, group 1 subjects also demonstrated a decrease in advanced Dukes9 stage and mortality rate by 80% and 64%, and 79% and 62%, compared with groups 2 and 3, respectively. Refusers were more likely to be male, of Asian-African descent, and more likely to smoke, consume more coffee, and less tea or dairy foods. Conclusions: When accepted, FOBT may protect against CRC for prolonged periods. Individuals who refuse FOBT have a significantly higher CRC incidence and mortality rates than those who accept testing.
Abstract 3374: Assessing the impact of neoantigen load on checkpoint blockade efficacy
Authors: Zeynep Kosaloglu-Yalcin, Angela Frentzen, Ashmitaa Logandha Ramamoorthy Premlal, Jason Greenbaum, Alessandro Sette, Bjoern Peters
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Mutations acquired during oncogenesis can result in so-called neoantigens, i.e. mutation-bearing peptides that have the potential to be bound by HLA molecules and recognized by T cells. Neoantigens were suggested to be crucial for the outcome of immune checkpoint therapies and accordingly, the neoantigen load of a tumor is often being used to predict therapy outcome. Current approaches utilize HLA binding predictions to rank peptides, assuming that neoepitopes are ranked towards the top. The neoantigen load of a given tumor is then usually defined as the number of peptides binding above a certain threshold. Using this approach some reports found a very strong correlation of neoantigen load and response to checkpoint blockade therapy while others found a better correlation when mutational load was used instead. However, comparing results between studies is hard because they used different tools and thresholds to identify mutations, and applied different criteria to prioritize their set of mutated peptides. We sought to overcome this lack of uniformity in re-analyzing data from several published checkpoint blockade therapy studies to consistently define the mutational burden and neoantigen load, and correlate them with therapy outcomes We obtained sequencing data from checkpoint blockade studies deposited in NCBI dbGaP and run all datasets through our in-house mapping and variant calling pipelines. Neoepitope candidates were predicted and scored using our previously published pipeline. We applied different scoring schemes to define the neoantigen load which were based on HLA binding predictions with varying thresholds and different metrics used (i.e. predicted IC50 vs. percentile rank). We found that the exact definition of neoantigen load has a major impact on how well this metric performs in predicting checkpoint blockade therapy outcome. Furthermore, we implemented a likelihood score which is based on data of known immunogenic neoantigens and describes the likelihood of a predicted neoantigen to be immunogenic. Based on our preliminary analysis to date, we found that the cumulative likelihood score of a patient is a good predictor of checkpoint blockade therapy outcome, outperforming tumor mutational burden and predicted neoantigen load in several cohorts. Citation Format: Zeynep Kosaloglu-Yalcin, Angela Frentzen, Ashmitaa Logandha Ramamoorthy Premlal, Jason Greenbaum, Alessandro Sette, Bjoern Peters. Assessing the impact of neoantigen load on checkpoint blockade efficacy [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 3374.
Die Klinik der beginnenden Tuberkulose Erwachsener.
Journal: JAMA (1924)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Advances in Early Fetal Loss Research: Importance for Risk Assessment
Authors: Anne M. Sweeney, Ronald E. LaPorte
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1991)

The assessment ofearly fetal losses (EF,s) in relationship to environmental agents offers unique advantages compared to other end points for hazard assessment.There is a high incidence (> 20% of all pregnancies end in an EFL), and the interval between exposure and end point is the short duration between concepton and event, ie., apprimtely 12 weeks.In contrast, cancer, which is the prmary end point evaluated in risk ae e models, occurs with much bwer frequency, and the latency period is measured in years or decades.EFLs have not been used effectively for risk ment because most ofthe events are not detected.Prospective studies provide the only approach whereby it is possible to link exposure to EFLs Recent methodoogic advance m ents have demonsatd that it is now possible tocondut population-based studies of EFLs.It is likely that EFLs could serve as sentinels to monitor adverse health effects of many potential envirommental hazards.The methodology will be demonstrated using lead exposure in utero as an example.
Shifting Sands
Authors: Perri Klass
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2005)

For drama's sake, this story should start, “It was the coldest night of the year in Boston.” Poetic license aside, it was a frigid January night, and I decided to splurge on the overpriced parking right near Symphony Hall. Now, I am not usually the symphony-goer in my family; I am the parent who stays home with the kids so their father can enjoy his single Boston Symphony Orchestra subscription. This was a special treat: we had a babysitter, and Larry and I were meeting at Symphony Hall.But my mind was not on music. I was in the middle . . .
Improved survival following lymphadenectomy for nodal metastasis from an unknown primary melanoma
Authors: C. C. Lee, M. B. Faries, L. A. Wanek, D. L. Morton
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

8515 Background: It is not possible to identify a primary site in 10–20% of melanoma patients presenting with palpable nodal metastases. The explanation for this phenomenon is unknown but could reflect an endogenous antimelanoma immune response that causes complete regression of the primary melanoma. If so, then these patients should have a better survival than patients whose primary melanoma has been identified. Methods: We reviewed our 13,000-patient prospective melanoma database (1971–2005) to identify patients managed with regional lymphadenectomy for palpable nodal metastases from unknown primary melanoma (MUP) or known primary cutaneous melanoma (MKP). Multivariate analysis was performed to identify prognostic factors significant for survival. MUP and MKP patients were then matched by significant covariates. Overall survival (OS) was estimated by Kaplan-Meier method and compared by log-rank analysis. Results: Among 1571 patients with palpable nodal metastases who underwent regional lymphadenectomy, multivariate analysis identified 5 significant covariates: age (HR=1.294, P=0.0017), sex (HR=1.335, P=0.0004), nodal tumor burden (HR=1.256, P&lt;0.0001), decade of diagnosis (HR=0.989, P=0.0131), and unknown/known primary (HR=1.507; 95% CI=1.220 to 1.862; P=0.0001). Five-year OS was significantly higher for the 262 MUP patients than 1309 MKP patients (55±6% vs. 44±3%; P=0.0021). Computerized matching of MUP and MKP patients by four significant covariates (age, sex, nodal tumor burden, and decade of diagnosis) yielded 221 matched pairs. Median OS and 5-year OS rates were 165 months and 58±7%, respectively, for MUP as compared with 34 months and 40±6%, respectively, for MKP (P=0.0008). Conclusions: Our results strongly support the effectiveness of lymphadenectomy for nodal metastasis from MUP. Risk of death dropped significantly when regional lymphadenectomy was performed for metastases from MUP as compared with MKP. This result is compatible with an immunologic rejection of the primary melanoma due to a strong host antitumor immune response. Immunologic studies to identify cell-mediated and antibody components of this response are underway. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Computerized tomography in neurological evaluations
Authors: T. P. Naidich
Journal: JAMA (1978)

TRADITIONAL methods of evaluating the neurologically impaired patient have undergone progressive modifications since the introduction of computerized tomography (CT) in 1972. In just five years, CT has become the single most valuable study for detecting and localizing intracranial disorders, frequently obviating further workup. Even if further evaluation is needed, the information gained by CT usually reduces the extent of further diagnostic study and permits the workup to be tailored to the specific problem. We report our approach to CT scanning after experience with 10,000 CT scans in 8,500 patients observed at Montefiore Hospital and Medical Center during the last two years. Roentgenographic examination of the patient with suspected intracranial disease usually begins with plain skull roentgenograms. Tomography may be used subsequently in specific areas, eg, sella turcica and petrous pyramid. Thereafter, almost all patients whose conditions require further evaluation are studied by CT. Except in patients with clinical evidence of
A safe peritoneal access device for repeated peritoneal dialysis
Authors: D. G. Vidt
Journal: JAMA (1970)

A peritoneal replacement prosthesis maintains easy access to the peritoneal cavity for repeated peritoneal dialyses. The prosthesis has been inserted following 218 peritoneal dialyses and left in place for 1,441 patient days in 32 patients. Only three episodes of peritonitis have occurred. Use of this prosthesis has simplified catheter replacement, reduced some of the complications of peritoneal dialysis, and increased acceptability of intermittent peritoneal dialysis to the patient. It has proved useful in any patient undergoing repeated peritoneal dialyses whether the procedure is performed at frequent or over prolonged intervals.