tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Reduction of elevated plasma osteopontin levels with resection of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)
Authors: J. D. Blasberg, H. I. Pass, R. M. Flores, J. S. Donington
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

11019 Background: Plasma osteopontin (OPN) levels in advanced NSCLC correlate with response to therapy and survival but the role plasma OPN in diagnosis or monitoring of early stage NSCLC has not been investigated. We hypothesize that plasma OPN levels are elevated in early stage NSCLC and that resection results in a measurable reduction. Methods: Pre-operative (pre-op) plasma OPN levels (ng/ml) were measured by ELISA (IBL-Japan) in a discovery set of 60 early stage NSCLC patients and compared to 56 current or former smokers. Pre-op OPN was validated in an independent cohort of 78 resectable NSCLC patients. The pre-op OPN level in the latter cohort was compared to matched postoperative (post-op) OPN levels to monitor the impact of surgery on the biomarker. Results: Discovery set pre-op OPN (271+31) was significantly higher than in smokers (40+2)(p=.001). Pre-op OPN was similar in the validation cohort (357+31, p=.055, demographics in Table ). Post-op OPN (189+19) measured at mean of 23 weeks (range 2–105) was significantly lower than pre-op (p&lt;.0001). Time from surgery significantly impacted post-op OPN, with OPN&lt;6 weeks post-op (282+30) higher than OPN&gt;6 weeks post-op (155+18)(p&lt;.0001). After 6 weeks post-op, resected stage I patients (N=45) had a significant decrease in OPN levels from 373+45 to 142+21 (p&lt;.0001). Multivariate analysis ( Table ) noted a significant correlation between age, albumin and pre-op OPN, and between albumin and pre-op OPN and &gt;6 weeks post-op OPN. No correlation was noted between gender, smoking, histology, diabetes or stage and the pre- or &gt;6 weeks post-op OPN. Conclusions: Plasma OPN levels in early stage NSCLC patients are significantly elevated compared to smokers. The elevated pre-op OPN levels were validated in an independent cohort of early stage NSCLC patients. A significant decrease in OPN was noted following resection. Peri-operative reductions in plasma OPN may serve as a marker for response to therapy and warrant investigation into prognostic significance in early stage NSCLC. [Table: see text] [Table: see text]
Pyriform Sinusostomy
Authors: John A. Ritter
Journal: JAMA (1969)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> I think that I have found a method of placing a gastric feeding or decompression tube that is safe, easy, fast, comfortable, and simple. It consists of blindly passing a nasogastric tube through the pyriform sinus from inside out. I do this by pushing a large curved Péan's forceps into the right sinus, pushing it anteriorly to tent up the skin, making a small knife hole in the skin over the tip, and pushing the point through the hole from the inside out. Until you have done this operation you cannot understand just how thin the pharyngeal wall is at this place. The skin hole should be so small that the tube occludes it. The pyriform sinus is located at the side of the larynx below the glottis, medial to the carotid sheath and above the thyroid. Only the pharyngeal mucosa, the pharyngeal aponeurosis, and the skin
Personal View
Authors: S. Tyrrell
Journal: BMJ (1976)

<b>Objective:</b> To examine the epidemiology, primary care burden, and treatment of heart failure in Scotland, UK. <b>Design:</b> Cross sectional data from primary care practices participating in the Scottish continuous morbidity recording scheme between 1 April 1999 and 31 March 2000. <b>Setting:</b> 53 primary care practices (307 741 patients). <b>Subjects:</b> 2186 adult patients with heart failure. <b>Results:</b> The prevalence of heart failure in Scotland was 7.1 in 1000, increasing with age to 90.1 in 1000 among patients ⩾ 85 years. The incidence of heart failure was 2.0 in 1000, increasing with age to 22.4 in 1000 among patients ⩾ 85 years. For older patients, consultation rates for heart failure equalled or exceeded those for angina and hypertension. Respiratory tract infection was the most common co-morbidity leading to consultation. Among men, 23% were prescribed a β blocker, 11% spironolactone, and 46% an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor. The corresponding figures for women were 20% (p = 0.29 versus men), 7% (p = 0.02), and 34% (p &lt; 0.001). Among patients &lt; 75 years 26% were prescribed a β blocker, 11% spironolactone, and 50% an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor. The corresponding figures for patients ⩾ 75 years were 19% (p = 0.04 versus patients &lt; 75), 7% (p = 0.04), and 33% (p &lt; 0.001). <b>Conclusions:</b> Heart failure is a common condition, especially with advancing age. In the elderly, the community burden of heart failure is at least as great as that of angina or hypertension. The high rate of concomitant respiratory tract infection emphasises the need for strategies to immunise patients with heart failure against influenza and pneumococcal infection. Drugs proven to improve survival in heart failure are used less frequently for elderly patients and women.
High-grade atrioventricular blocks
Authors: B. Phibbs
Journal: JAMA (1985)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> From the exchange of ideas between the report of our committee published in the Sept 14,1984, issue of<i>JAMA</i><sup>1</sup>and the editorial comments in the same issue,<sup>2</sup>it has become clear that two questions require sharper definition. First, on behalf of our committee, I would like to state that the editorial comments were well taken and were, in fact, largely included in our original draft. (The need to shorten a manuscript from 103 to 35 pages necessitates certain deletions!) In our original article, we commented that clinical judgment must play a role given an adequate substrate of objective information—we specifically mentioned the case of the patient with bifascicular block, and syncope that could not be explained after careful diagnostic study, for whom a trial of pacing might be considered, particularly if the consequences of syncope might be catastrophic. In this context, however, the phrase "strongly
Hyperproduction of Erythropoietin in Nonanemic Lead-Exposed Children
Authors: Pam Factor-Litvak, Vesna Slavkovich, Xinhua Liu, Dusan Popovac, Emine Preteni, Sabat Capuni-Paracka, Suzana Hadzialjevic, Vojkan Lekic, Nancy Lolacono, Jennie Kline, Joseph Graziano
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1998)

Lead (Pb) poisoning has numerous effects on the erythropoietic system, but the precise mechanism whereby high dose exposure causes anemia is not entirely clear. We previously reported that Pb exposure is associated with depressed serum erythropoietin (EPO) in pregnant women residing in a Pb mining town and in a nonexposed town in Kosovo, Yugoslavia. In a prospective study, we tested the hypothesis that blood Pb concentration (BPb) may be associated with depressed EPO in children. BPb, hemoglobin (Hgb), and serum EPO were measured at ages 4.5, 6.5, and 9.5 years in 211, 178, and 234 children, respectively. At 4.5 years of age, mean BPbs were 38.9 and 9.0 microg/dl in the exposed and nonexposed towns, respectively; BPbs gradually declined to 28.2 and 6.5 microg/dl, respectively, by age 9.5 years. No differences were found in Hgb at any age. At age 4. 5 years, a positive association between BPb and EPO (beta = 0.21; p = 0.0001), controlled for Hgb, was found. The magnitude of this association declined to 0.11 at age 6.5 years (p = 0.0103) and 0.03 at age 9.5 years (p = 0.39). These results were confirmed using repeated measures analyses. We concluded that in Pb-exposed children, the maintenance of normal Hgb requires hyperproduction of EPO. With advancing age (and continuing exposure), this compensatory mechanism appears to be failing, suggesting a gradual loss of renal endocrine function due to Pb exposure.
Asymptomatic liver cell adenomas. Another case of resolution after discontinuation of oral contraceptive use
Authors: W. L. Ramseur
Journal: JAMA (1978)

THERE has been a substantial increase in the frequency of adenomas of the liver in young women in the last few years. A large number of these women have been taking long-term oral contraceptives. With increased awareness of this problem, more asymptomatic women are being detected. The opinion concerning the surgical approach for an asymptomatic intrahepatic adenoma has varied mainly because of the lack of information regarding its natural history, the uncertainty of resolution after hormone withdrawal, and the fear of spontaneous hemorrhage. The evidence correlating oral contraceptive use and the onset of liver tumors has been circumstantial, and there have been reports of these tumors occurring in patients who do not take oral contraceptives. This case, in addition to others described recently showing tumor regression following the withdrawal of oral contraceptive use, lends more support to the etiologic role of oral contraceptives in these tumors. <h3>Report of a Case</h3>
COCAINE POISONING
Authors: C. Bose
Journal: BMJ (1913)

TIIE CALCUTTA U-NIVERSITY.NOT many years ago cocaine was a drug hardly known to the people of Inidia outside the m-iedical profession, and now, sad to reflect, it lhas taken a vigorous hold of a certain class of people in this country both in town andl village.In Calcutta, despite the vigilance of the excise authorities, and niotwitlhstanding the stringent measures (lirected by the Governiuent against the possession and the sale of this substance by unlicenised persons, there is reason to believe that the cocaine habit has much in- creased and is rapidly spreadilng.Moreover, it is perhaps safe to say that a considerable proportion of the crimles commiinitted in this city miay be traced to the utter moral dlepravity whiclh follows the habitual use of cocaine.Tlle daily papers are full of the reports of raids on cocaine dlenis and of cocaine seizures, and the references made to thie Clhemical Exaniiner in connexion witlh the illicit imilport and the unlawful-possession of cocaine are rapidly and progressively on the increase, as may be seen fromii the figures given below, compiled from the annual reports (f the Chemical Examiner's Department, Bengal, for the last four years:Year.
Ovarian Cancer
Authors: George S. Richardson
Journal: JAMA (1993)

In this issue of<i>JAMA</i>, the article by Hand et al<sup>1</sup>gives us the opportunity to inspect data drawn not from a specialized referral center but from many Illinois hospitals representing 72% of all cases of ovarian carcinoma reported in the state. It is interesting that the study's results are in accordance with data collected from many major centers around the world. Actuarial 5-year survival rates of patients in the study by Hand et al with stage I, II, and III disease are 77%, 62%, and 24%, respectively, with 55% for all three combined, compared with 79%, 57%, 23%, and 55%, respectively, for the international figures.<sup>2</sup>Neither of these sets of data excludes patients with borderline tumors (ie, tumors of low malignant potential). See also pp 1119 and 1123. The 37% of patients with stage I, II, and III disease who were surgically staged and more completely resected
HENRI DE MONDEVILLE (c 1260-1320) SURGICAL ANATOMIST
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
State Medicine vs Fads
Journal: JAMA (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Perinatal HIV Infection
Authors: Susan A. Fiscus
Journal: JAMA (1996)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —We appreciate Drs Cohn and Klein's interest in our study and regret any confusion they had regarding our definitions of rural and urban. Our definitions were established by North Carolina's Department of Environment, Health, and Natural Resources when it initiated the Survey of Childbearing Women in late 1988. As stated in our article, the 10 most populous counties, in which populations range from 100 000 to 520000, were designated as urban and the remaining 90 North Carolina counties were designated rural. While it is true that this classification does not correspond to the Census definition of rural or the OMB definition of nonmetropolitan, all such definitions have a degree of arbitrariness in them and were not designed as epidemiologic descriptors. For instance, it is difficult for us to consider Madison County, population 16 953 (largest town, 1600), or Davie County, population 27 859 (largest town, 3400), as metropolitan, but they
Neurosyphilis
Authors: Hooshang Hooshmand
Journal: JAMA (1972)

The diagnosis of neurosyphilis is difficult due to lack of an ideal infallible laboratory test, the obscurity of the clinical symptoms, the rising incidence of its atypical forms, and the well-known occurrence of nontreponemal seronegative neurosyphilis.<sup>1</sup> The incidence of neurosyphilis cannot be accurately assessed since venereal diseases remain vastly underreported. The problem has become more complicated by the fact that penicillin therapy in the first and second stages (infectious stages) of syphilis has altered the clinical picture of neurosyphilis.<sup>2</sup>The classical text book pictures of tabes dorsalis and general paresis of the insane (GPI) are becoming rare and seem to be replaced by atypical and in-between forms.<sup>2</sup> <h3>Diagnosis</h3> The diagnosis of neurosyphilis is based on clinical judgement. The serologic tests are useful in confirming the diagnosis of syphilis, but nontreponemal serologic tests for syphilis (STS) are not sensitive enough, and can be negative in late stages of
American Journal of Diseases of Children, Chicago
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
THE PHYSICIAN AND THE PHARMACOPEIA.CHAPTER V.
Journal: JAMA (1906)

<h3>DIURETICS.</h3> Diuretics and diaphoretics may be considered together since they are often used for the same purpose, the one being used to supplement the other, and because the same agent which produces diuresis under certain conditions, may cause diaphoresis when these conditions are slightly changed. Diuretics may be divided broadly into those which influence the circulation, and those which act on the secretory cells of the kidney. Though the same agent may possess both actions to some extent, we shall consider these remedies with reference to the principal effect according to this classification. While the exact mechanism of urinary secretion remains a problem, the indications for diuresis and the method of causing it are fairly clear. When the official remedies fail to produce this effect we may usually attribute the failure to the condition of the kidney, feeling sure that the secretory cells are incapable of performing their function and
Circumcision
Authors: Willard E. Goodwin
Journal: JAMA (1970)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I wonder whether or not the title of the recent communication on circumcision in the Sept 14 issue would not have been mislabelled and should have read "Wither the Foreskin." The question of circumcision is age old and will never be settled. The author has touched most bases but he might have included the reference to Leviticus 12:3, "And in the eighth day the flesh of his foreskin shall be circumcised." The best biblical story of all is in Genesis, chapter 34, where Jacob's daughter, Dinah, gets raped. This causes considerable excitement between her family and the family of the man who raped her. They finally agree that if everybody in the rapist's family will be circumcised, "as the sons of Jacob are circumcised" everything will be all right. In fact it turns out to be a dirty trick, because "and it came to pass on the
The Infancy of Medicine. An Enquiry into the Influence of Folk-Lore upon the Evolution of Scientific Medicine.
Journal: JAMA (1928)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
AUTHORS' REPLY
Authors: S W Fountain
Journal: Thorax (1992)

Letters to the Editor potential for confounding by severity when an unmatched control group is used.A similar problem occurred in the Saskatchewan study,7 which also used an unmatched control group.When this problem is correc- ted, however, either by using an appropriate control group (group A) or by adjusting for markers of asthma severity (table, top of p574), then the association of asthma drugs in general with deaths from asthma tends to disappear, whereas the findings for fenoterol remain firm (a similar pattern occurred in the Saskatchewan data7).The table shows that control group A provides an adequate match for asthma severity, whereas some confound- ing exists in the unadjusted results for control group B. We drew this conclusion in the published paper,5 and Dr Lanes and his coworkers have simply repeated our analysis but misrepresented our conclusions.When the hazards of fenoterol are being considered it is important that all of the evidence should be considered.There is now a wealth of epidemiological, experimental, and clinical evidence that fenoterol is more hazardous than other commonly used f agon- ists.2The second New Zealand mortality epidemic started when fenoterol was introduced in 1976, and continued until our first study was published in 1989; the death rate then fell by one half, and is now similar to that in other countries.It is important to search for alternative explanations, but the evidence increasingly indicates that confounding by severity is not a plausible explana- tion, and that the association between fenoterol and deaths from asthma is likely to be causal.
WATER PURIFICATION BY BACTERIA.
Journal: JAMA (1904)

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