tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
An economist's view. Medical manpower--a continuing crisis
Authors: R. Fein
Journal: JAMA (1967)

How does an economist look at the problem of medical manpower, at what this program calls "a continuing crisis"? The first thing that I note is the importance of distinguishing between manpower and services, between people and what they do. The crisis that is often referred to arises from the fact that some persons and parts of the population do not receive sufficient medical services. This may result from a variety of causes: low incomes, lack of knowledge, unavailability of services. It is obvious that there is a relationship between the amount of health manpower and the number of health services that can be delivered. But it is not true that the relationship is fixed and immutable. It is, therefore, not true that the only way that the number of health services can be increased is to increase the number of physicians, or the number of dentists, or the number
THE DANGER OF BEING TOO FAT
Journal: JAMA (1921)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
THE ANNUAL CASUALTY DAY.
Journal: JAMA (1900)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Gastroenterology
Authors: D. F. Ransohoff
Journal: JAMA (1993)

One of the strongly held notions of medical pathophysiology is that acid is the primary cause of duodenal ulcers. Indeed, the term<i>acid-peptic disease</i>reflects the prevailing concept of cause, and so therapy is aimed primarily at acid. "Antacids," such as acid-neutralizing compounds, histamine<sup>2</sup>blockers, or proton pump inhibitors, are indisputably effective in healing ulcer disease and, if taken chronically, in preventing recurrence. It now appears, however, that an even more important factor may be responsible for ulcers (at least duodenal ulcers): infestation with<i>Helicobacter pylori</i>. Two important lines of evidence now support a possible causal role. First,<i>H pylori</i>is present in the antrums of virtually all persons with a duodenal ulcer who do not use nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or do not have Zollinger-Ellison syndrome as a possible cause of ulcer. Second, treatment and eradication of<i>H pylori</i>dramatically reduces the frequency of ulcer recurrence compared with treatment of
Routine iron supplementation during pregnancy. Review article. US Preventive Services Task Force
Authors: Harold C. Sox, Donald M. Berwick, Alfred O. Berg, Paul S. Frame, Dennis G. Fryback, David A. Grimes, Robert S. Lawrence, Robert B. Wallace, A. Eugene Washington, Modena E. H. Wilson, Steven H. Woolf, A. Eugene Washington
Journal: JAMA (1993)

MINERAL and vitamin supplements are prescribed routinely to pregnant women in the United States as a normal part of prenatal care. These supplements are usually prescribed as preparations that include 25 to 65 mg of elemental iron, along with other minerals (eg, calcium, zinc, magnesium, and copper) and vitamins. Few studies have examined the clinical effectiveness of prenatal vitamin preparations as a group. In this report, the US Preventive Services Task Force examines the efficacy and effectiveness of iron in improving outcomes for the mother, fetus, and developing child. Iron is prescribed routinely, even without laboratory evidence of anemia or iron deficiency, because both conditions are thought to be common during pregnancy; potentially harmful to the mother, fetus, and newborn; and preventable through iron supplementation. The purpose of this review is to evaluate these assumptions, based on current scientific evidence from published clinical research. Recommendations based on this evidence are
Surgical Therapy for Coronary Disease: Randomized and Observational Studies
Authors: Peter Peduzzi
Journal: JAMA (1990)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> A recent article from the important Duke observational study<sup>1</sup>of coronary bypass surgery and medical therapy claimed "a significant improvement in patient survival with contemporary surgical therapy for the majority of patients with ischemic heart disease." What is worrisome in this report based on follow-up of 5809 patients is the reliance on the Cox<sup>2</sup>model as the sole method of analysis. As in the Veterans Adminstration trial,<sup>3</sup>the data in Fig 1 of the article seem to indicate that the proportional hazards assumption may be violated with extended follow-up. If so, the treatment effect cannot be summarized by a single hazard ratio, as in Figs 4 and 7, because the effect is not constant over time. Logically, the hazard ratio cannot be expected to remain constant. Since surgery prolongs life, particularly in high-risk patients, the overall surgical hazard would be expected to increase when
Michael E. DeBakey, MD: Father of Modern Cardiovascular Surgery—Correction
Authors: Brian Wansink, Matthew Cheney
Journal: JAMA (2005)

of serving bowl size on consumption was statistically significant for men (P = .02)but not women (P = .17).In the sensitivity analysis to estimate the potential impact of the 5 nonparticipants, the effect of bowl size remained significant (P = .02).Comment.Small environmental factors can have a large influence on food consumption. 4At this party, large serving bowls led to a 56% greater intake (a mean of 142 more calories/person).The size of a serving bowl (or of a portion) may provide a consumption cue that implicitly suggests an appropriate amount to eat. 5 Larger bowls, like larger packages or portions, may suggest that a proportionately larger amount is appropriate to consume.Although this study was not conducted in a medical setting, it is possible that if a physician giving diet-related advice recommends using smaller serving bowls, patients may serve themselves smaller portions.Portion distortion has generally focused on how consumption cues lead people to overeat less healthy, energydense foods.An appropriate area for further research is whether these same cues, ie, larger serving bowls, can be used to encourage people to eat greater amounts of healthier foods such as fruits and vegetables.
Comment on Sex Hygiene
Authors: W. B. H.
Journal: JAMA (1913)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Your summary of newspaper comments on the problem of instruction in sex hygiene (Medical Economics,The Journal, Oct. 18, 1913, p. 1477), shows that we are one step ahead of the former generation—we recognize generally that it is a problem. It would be well, however, for the reformer, physician or layman, to recognize several other facts. In the first place, the greatest obstacle to the proper handling of the subject lies in the home. From my experience with large numbers of boys in private schools I know that the average boy of this type has, up to the age of 14 at least, no correct idea of sexual anatomy or physiology, while the public-school boy, though usually more wise, obtains his wisdom from a dangerous source. I have known many boys to whom another boy naked is a pleasing curiosity, while but very few know how animals
Abstract 1081: Correcting the Underestimation of Absolute Myocardial Blood Flow by Magnetic Resonance Perfusion Imaging
Authors: Daniel C Lee, Nils P Johnson, Kelly O’Hara, Kathleen R Harris
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Noninvasive assessment of absolute myocardial blood flow is important for evaluation of microvascular function and serial changes in perfusion. Absolute flow can be calculated from magnetic resonance (MR) perfusion studies, but a nonlinear relationship between signal intensity (SI) and gadolinium concentration ([Gd]) in the myocardium may cause underestimation. When the relationship between SI and [Gd] was mapped in chronically instrumented dogs, this was linear in the left ventricular (LV) bloodpool for a 0.005 mmol/kg Gd-DTPA minibolus but nonlinear in the myocardium for a 0.05 mmol/kg bolus. 14 dual-bolus MR first-pass perfusion studies were performed at rest and during vasodilation with variable degrees of left circumflex coronary artery stenosis. Absolute flow by Fermi function deconvolution of MR SI-time curves underestimated microsphere flow by nearly 50% (y = 0.52x + 0.07, r2 = 0.61). When the myocardial and LV SI-[Gd] relationships were used as calibration curves to convert SI values to [Gd], deconvolution of [Gd]-time curves yielded accurate myocardial flow values (y = 0.93x + 0.05, r2 = 0.68). As seen in the figure , absolute flow measured in endo-, mid-, and epicardial layers progressively decreased from epi- to endocardium in the stenotic zone, (p = 0.0004) while flow did not vary across the myocardial wall in the normal zone (p = 0.72). Correcting the curvilinear myocardial signal response to gadolinium improves the accuracy of absolute myocardial flow quantification by MR perfusion imaging. The high spatial resolution enables measurement of transmural flow differences caused by impaired vasodilator reserve. This research has received full or partial funding support from the American Heart Association, AHA National Center.
<i>QuickStats</i>: Infant Mortality Rate,* by State — United States, 2016
Authors: Danielle Ely, T Mathews, Anne Driscoll
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2018)

99 5.00-5.99<5.00 DC * The infant mortality rate is the number of infant (aged <1 year) deaths per 1,000 live births.In 2016, the infant mortality rate in the United States was 5.87 infant deaths per 1,000 live births.The rate ranged from 3.47 in Vermont to 9.03 in Alabama.Rates in two other states were <4.00 (New Hampshire [3.67] and Massachusetts [3.94]).Higher rates were primarily in the southern states.In addition to Alabama, two other states had rates >8.00 (Arkansas [8.20] and Mississippi [8.67]).
Incorrect Dosage
Journal: JAMA (1986)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Patent foramen ovale closure and medical therapy did not differ for recurrence after cryptogenic embolism
Authors: Mukul Sharma
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2013)

ACP Journal ClubAugust 20, 2013Patent foramen ovale closure and medical therapy did not differ for recurrence after cryptogenic embolismMukul Sharma, MDMukul Sharma, MDMcMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada (M.S.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-159-4-201308200-02005 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Source CitationMeier B, Kalesan B, Mattle HP, et al: PC Trial Investigators. Percutaneous closure of patent foramen ovale in cryptogenic embolism. N Engl J Med. 2013;368:1083-91. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23514285Clinical Impact RatingsCardiology: Neurology: References1 Homma S, Sacco RL, Di Tullio MR, Sciacca RR, Mohr JP; PFO in Cryptogenic Stroke Study (PICSS) Investigators. Effect of medical treatment in stroke patients with patent foramen ovale: Patent Foramen Ovale in Cryptogenic Stroke Study. Circulation. 2002;105:2625-31. [PMID: 12045168] Google Scholar2 Furlan AJ, Reisman M, Massaro J, et al; CLOSURE I Investigators. Closure or medical therapy for cryptogenic stroke with patent foramen ovale. N Engl J Med. 2012;366:991-9. [PMID: 22417252] Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada (M.S.) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoPatent foramen ovale closure and medical therapy did not differ for recurrence after cryptogenic stroke Mukul Sharma Metrics August 20, 2013Volume 159, Issue 4Page: JC5KeywordsAcidsArrhythmiaAtrial fibrillationClinical trialsEchocardiographyForecastingHemorrhageIschemic strokeMyocardial infarctionNeurologyStenosisStrokeThrombosisTransient ischemic attacksYoung adults Issue Published: August 20, 2013 CopyrightCopyright © 2013 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Medical ethics and morals in a new age
Authors: P. S. Rhoads
Journal: JAMA (1968)

The principles of medical ethics have been enunciated through the ages: in the Babylonian Code of Hammurabi 1,750 years before Christ; in the writing of Charoka and Suśruta—Hindu writers of known antiquity; in the writing of Hippocrates, in the teachings of Christ and his disciples; in the writing of Maimonides; and, in modern times, in the Code of Percival in 1792. The physician always sees himself as one who, because of his peculiar relationship with those he serves, has special responsibility: to be competent, to be honest, to hold a patient's life as a sacred trust. Hippocrates said, "A physician should be an upright man, instructed in the art of healing... modest, sober, patient, prompt to do his whole duty without anxiety, pious without going so far as superstition, conducting himself with propriety in his profession and in all the actions of his life."<sup>1</sup> Christ said it for all
Recurrent radiographic dye-induced acute renal failure
Authors: H. A. Feldman
Journal: JAMA (1974)

AZOTEMIC, diabetic patients may be prone to acute renal failure after intravenous pyelography.<sup>1</sup>Two of the proposed etiologic factors are dehydration and hyperuricosuria.<sup>2</sup>We observed two such episodes in a diabetic patient despite hypouricemic therapy and vigorous hydration. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 43-year-old diabetic man with long-standing hypertension, coronary arteriosclerosis, diabetic retinopathy, and peripheral neuropathy was admitted to the Philadelphia Veterans Administration Hospital on Feb 8, 1973, for treatment of congestive heart failure. On admission, his serum creatinine level was 5.0 mg/100 ml, and uric acid concentration was 8.5 mg/100 ml. Daily urine output was 1,500 to 3,000 ml, and protein excretion averaged 1.0 gm/24 hr. On Feb 13, drip infusion pyelography with 300 ml of 25% diatrizoate sodium was performed without resulting hypotension, rash, or other acute reactions. The pyelogram showed no structural abnormalities. Despite no change in cardiac function, the patient became severely oliguric (urine
Gene expression of matrix metalloproteinases and their inhibitors in regenerating liver after partial hepatectomy?comparison with repair process ni CCL4-injured liver? . 3rd Dept Int Med, Toyama Med Pharmaceut Univ, Toyama, and *Dept Mol Virol Oncol, Cancer Res Inst, Kanazawa Univ, Kanazawa, Japan
Journal: Hepatology (1995)
Association of PTEN loss with outcome of patients (pts) with early high-risk prostate cancer (CaP) treated with adjuvant docetaxel following radical prostatectomy (RP).
Authors: D. Keizman, Z. Zhang, A. DeMarzo, B. Gurel, T. Lotan, J. Hicks, E. Rosenbaum, E. S. Antonarakis, M. A. Carducci, M. A. Eisenberger
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

43 Background: Loss of the PTEN tumor suppressor and subsequent activation of the PI3K pathway is common and has potential clinical and therapeutic value in CaP. We examined the PTEN status of primary tumors in pts who underwent adjuvant docetaxel tx in a prospective clinical trial. Methods: Of the 77 pts enrolled in a prospective multi-institutional adjuvant docetaxel trial (TAX 2501, J Urol 2007), we prospectively collected 56 primary tumor pathology specimens suitable for analysis of PTEN status by immunoreactivity (IHC) and/or fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) assay. Protocol defined progression included a PSA of ≥ 0.4 ng/mL, radiological/pathological evidence of recurrent disease or death from any cause. Univariate and multivariable analyses based on the Cox proportional hazards regression model were used to analyze the independent association of PTEN and other known prognostic factors with progression free survival (PFS). Results: PTEN loss was observed in 37/56 pts (66%). Pts with PTEN loss vs detectable PTEN were balanced regarding clinical stage, combined Gleason score, seminal vesicles and surgical margins involvement, and lymph nodes status. Pts with a detectable PTEN had a significantly higher pre-RP PSA (median 14 vs 8.6 ng/mL, p=0.015). 41/56 (73.2%, median followup of 37.5 months, range 10.4 to 44.5) progressed with an overall median PFS of 13 months (mos) (95% CI 9.8–15.8). Independent prognostic factors of progression by multivariate analysis were: seminal vesicles involvement (HR 2.19, p=0.024), combined Gleason score 9–10 (HR 2.46, p=0.027) and PTEN loss (HR 2.36, p=0.037). PFS on pts without PTEN loss (median not reached at a followup time of 37.5 mos, range 10.4–44.5 mos) was significantly longer (log rank test, p = 0.026) compared to those with undetectable PTEN (median PFS 12.9 mos, 95% CI 9.7–15.3). Conclusions: PTEN loss may be an independent prognostic factor associated with poorer outcome of pts with early high-risk CaP treated with adjuvant docetaxel following RP. These findings may have important prognostic and therapeutic implications in CaP. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
THREE-YEAR FOLLOW-UP OF A NEW TEST WHICH CORRECTLY PREDICTED WHICH PATIENTS WITH BORDERLINE HYPOTENSION MIGHT DEVELOP HYPOTENSION WITHIN THE NEXT 24 HOURS
Authors: Thach N. Nguyen, Duy Chung, Luan Ngo, Han Lam, Ernest Talarico, Gianluca Rigatelli, Duc Trung Truong
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
Screening for Colorectal Cancer— United States, 1992-1993, and New Guidelines
Journal: JAMA (1996)

Colorectal cancer is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer for both men and women in the United States and is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths (1). During 1996, approximately 133,500 new cases of colorectal cancer will be diagnosed, and 54,900 persons will die from the disease (1). Recent evidence of the efficacy of colorectal cancer screening to reduce mortality was reviewed by the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), an independent expert advisory panel to the Public Health Service (2). The revised USPSTF recommendations on cancer screening suggest that the risk for colorectal cancer-related mortality can be reduced by the use of specific screening tests (i.e., annual fecal occult blood testing [FOBT] and/or periodic flexible sigmoidoscopy for persons aged > or = 50 years). To estimate the prevalence of colorectal cancer screening practices, CDC analyzed data on use of colorectal cancer screening methods from the 1992 and 1993 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS). This report summarizes the results of that analysis, which documents low rates of use of colorectal cancer screening and underscores the need for efforts to increase screening.
Neue Deutsche Klinik: Handwörterbuch der praktischen Medizin mit besonderer Berücksichtigung der inneren Medizin, der Kinderheilkunde und ihrer Grenzgebiete.
Journal: JAMA (1930)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal