Diagnosis and Management of Mycobacterial Infection and Disease in Persons with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1987)

Diagnosis and Treatment1 February 1987Diagnosis and Management of Mycobacterial Infection and Disease in Persons with Human Immunodeficiency Virus InfectionAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-106-2-254 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail AbstractAbstractMycobacterial disease is common among patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Among all patients with AIDS, the most frequently isolated cause is Mycobacterium avium complex; but in some groups, such as Haitians and intravenous drug users, M. tuberculosis is commoner. Extrapulmonary disease and noncavitary, nonapical pulmonary tuberculosis are frequently seen. It is recommended that initial treatment of tuberculosis in these patients include at least three standard antituberculosis drugs and that therapy be continued for a minimum of 9 months. Treatment of disseminated disease due to M. avium complex with this regimen is unsatisfactory, and a four-drug regimen that includes two experimental drugs, rifabutine and clofazimine, is the recommended treatment. Patients with AIDS or HIV infection and pulmonary tuberculosis should be considered potentially infectious, and appropriate infection-control and contact-tracing procedures applied. Persons with HIV infection should be given a tuberculin skin test and, if the reaction is positive (10 mm or more in diameter), isoniazid preventive therapy.References1. . Tuberculosis—United States, 1985—and the possible impact of human T-lymphotropic virus type III/lymphadenopathy-associated virus infection. MMWR. 1986;35:74-6. MedlineGoogle Scholar2. COHENSAMOSZUKBUSCHLAGIOS RMDM. 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Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: ▸From the Centers for Disease Control; Atlanta, Georgia. 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