tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Crutch Is Sled and Nothing's Twisted in The Cider Mill
Authors: Luke A. Howe
Journal: JAMA (1991)

<h3>To the Editor. —</h3> The cover of the August 22/29 issue of<i>JAMA</i>entitled<i>The Cider Mill</i>by John George Brown, painted in 1880, is an interesting study of young ladies eating apples.<sup>1</sup>I wish to take exception, however, with the story and interpretation of the painting by M. Therese Southgate, MD. Although I grew up in a rural Vermont setting some 50 years later, I believe I am correct in thinking that these five girls eating apples are sitting on a sled commonly used for hauling boxes of apples, wood, grain, or other produce, and the sled was on a bench made of a wide board or boards across two carpenter sawhorses. The narrow piece of wood referred to as a crutch near the girl on the left is simply the "tongue" of the sled attached to the front crosspiece holding the runners in place. From my point
X-Ray Seminar Number 8
Journal: JAMA (1962)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
PSITTACOSIS
Authors: K. F. Meyer
Journal: JAMA (1942)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> In his recent article entitled "Psittacosis" (The Journal, April 4, p. 1214), Dr. Henry Alicandri reports that the pigeons epidemiologically connected with the human case of psittacosis which he describes were sent to the Hooper Foundation for examination. It may be of general interest to report on the observations made on a sample of pigeons secured by the New York City Department of Health from the yard where the patient had paid a casual visit on Sept. 28, 1941, ten days before he became ill. The flock consisted of 12 pigeons showing no signs of illness. The patient did not handle the birds. Five of the pigeons (Columba livia) were bled and the serums subjected to the complement fixation test in the presence of a parrakeet psittacosis antigen. The serums of 2 reacted in dilutions of 1: 128 to 1: 256, and of 2 others in dilutions
386P Expectations and preferences for palliative chemotherapy in head and neck cancers patients
Authors: V.M. Patil, A. Joshi, V. Noronha, J. Deodhar, A. Bhattacharjee, S. Dhumal, C. M V, A. Karpe, V. Talreja, A. Chandrasekharan, S. Turkar, K. Prabhash
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2016)
Medical Education at Western Reserve University
Authors: Thomas Hale Ham
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1962)

Medical Education by the Subject CommitteeWhen the faculty decided to plan and conduct a program of medical education that would be independent of departmental structure and would be done as a Cooperative venture of faculty persons from different disciplines, it was necessary to answer certain questions:What kind of organization would be necessary for interdepartmental planning and teaching of a particular program?What would be the relation of one teaching group to another, to departments and to the administration?Would interdepartmental teaching be a serious threat to the faculty? How would it be done? Would it take more faculty . . .
Investigation of the DNA Adducts Formed in B6C3F1 Mice Treated with Benzene: Implications for Molecular Dosimetry
Authors: William J. Bodell, Deena N. Pathak, Gyorgy Levay, Qiuping Ye, Krisztina Pongracz
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1996)

We have investigated the formation of DNA adducts in the bone marrow and white blood cells of male B6C3F1 mice treated with benzene using P1-enhanced 32P-postlabeling.No adducts were detected in the bone marrow of controls or mice treated with various doses of benzene once a day.After twice-daily treatment for 1 to 7 days with benzene, 440 mg/kg, one major (no. 1) and up to two minor DNA adducts were detected in both the bone marrow and white blood cells.The relative adduct levels in these cells ranged from 0.06 to 1.46 x 10-7.A significant correlation (r2 = 0.95) between levels of adducts in bone marrow and white blood cells was observed.After a 7-day treatment with benzene, 440 mg/kg twice a day, the number of cells per femur decreased from 1.6 x 107 to 0.85 x 107, indicating myelotoxicity.In contrast, administration of benzene once a day produced only a small decrease in bone marrow cellularity.The observed induction of toxicity in bone marrow was paralleled by formation of DNA adducts.In vitro treatment of bone marrow with hydroquinone (HQ) for 24 hr produced the same DNA adducts as found after treatment of mice with benzene, suggesting that HQ is the principal metabolite of benzene leading to DNA adduct formation in vivo.Using 32P-postlabeling the principal DNA adduct formed in vivo was compared with N2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2'-deoxyguanosine-3'-phosphate.The results of this comparison demonstrates that the DNA adduct formed in vivo co-chromatographs with N2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2'-deoxyguanosine-3'-phosphate.These studies indicate that metabolic activation of benzene leads to the formation of DNA adducts in bone marrow and white blood cells and suggest that measurement of DNA adducts in white blood cells may be an indicator of biological effect following benzene exposure.
Molecular predictors of cognitive involvement in female carriers of fragile X syndrome
Authors: A. K. Taylor
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —Fragile X syndrome is caused by a mutation involving expansion of a CGG trinucleotide repeat segment in the fragile X mental retardation—1 (<i>FMR1</i>) gene on the long arm of the X chromosome. This study was undertaken to determine the relative impact of three molecular characteristics of the<i>FMR1</i>mutation— number of CGG repeats, methylation status, and X inactivation ratio—on the cognitive involvement of female carriers of fragile X syndrome. <h3>Design.</h3> —Retrospective study with new DNA analysis of known female carriers of fragile X syndrome. <h3>Setting.</h3> —Molecular studies were conducted in a university-based DNA diagnostic laboratory. Patients were originally ascertained through a regional fragile X clinic in a university-affiliated pediatric hospital. <h3>Patients.</h3> —Forty-eight female carriers of fragile X syndrome were studied, including 22 with a premutation (a small expansion to approximately 50 to 200 CGG repeats), 23 with a full mutation (a full expansion to &gt;200 CGG repeats), and three with both types of mutations (mosaics). <h3>Results.</h3> —Median IQ score was significantly lower for females with a full mutation than for females with a premutation. No significant relationship was found between IQ score and number of CGG repeats or percentage methylation of the mutant allele within each mutation category. In addition, no significant relationship was found between IQ score and the proportion of normal<i>FMR1</i>alleles on the active X chromosome in the carrier female group as a whole or in either mutation subgroup. Comparisons of leukocytes and saliva-borne epithelial cells in certain full-mutation carriers revealed striking differences in<i>FMR1</i>mutation sizes. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —Mutation category remains the most important predictor of affectedness in female carriers of fragile X syndrome. Our data do not support use of the proportion of normal<i>FMR1</i>alleles on the active X chromosome as a predictor of cognitive involvement in female carriers with full mutations. Individual tissue-specific differences exist in the heterogeneous sizes of full mutations and in the presence of premutation/full-mutation mosaicism. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1994;271:507-514)
A Simple Test of Abnormal Ventilation-Perfusion Relationships
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
NIMG-12. LARGE-SCALE RADIOMIC PROFILING OF RECURRENT GLIOBLASTOMA IDENTIFIES AN IMAGING PREDICTOR FOR STRATIFYING ANTI-ANGIOGENIC TREATMENT RESPONSE
Authors: Philipp Kickingereder, Michael Götz, John Muschelli, Antje Wick, Ulf Neuberger, Russell T Shinohara, Martin Sill, Martha Nowosielski, Heinz-Peter Schlemmer, Alexander Radbruch, Wolfgang Wick, Martin Bendszus, Klaus H Maier-Hein, David Bonekamp
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2016)

Antiangiogenic treatment with bevacizumab, a monoclonal antibody to the vascular endothelial growth factor, is a frequently used therapeutic agent for patients with recurrent glioblastoma (GB). A major challenge is that there are currently no validated biomarkers that can predict treatment outcome. Here we analyze the potential of radiomics, an emerging field of research that aims to utilize the full potential of medical imaging. A total of 4842 quantitative MRI features were automatically extracted and analyzed from the multiparametric tumor of 172 patients (allocated to a discovery and validation set with a 2:1 ratio) with recurrent GB prior bevacizumab treatment. Leveraging a high throughput approach, radiomic features of patients in the discovery set were subjected to a supervised principal component (superpc) analysis to generate a prediction model for stratifying treatment outcome to antiangiogenic therapy by means of both progression free and overall survival (PFS and OS). The predictive accuracy of the the superpc predictor was assessed with the integrated Brier scores (IBS; lower scores indicate higher accuracy). The superpc predictor stratified patients in the discovery set into a low or high risk group for PFS (hazard ratio (HR)=1.60, p=0.017) and OS (HR=2.14, p<0.001) and was successfully validated for patients in the validation set (HR=1.85, p=0.030 for PFS; HR=2.60, p=0.001 for OS). The IBS of the radiomic superpc predictor was 0.095 for OS and 0.117 for PFS. Our radiomic-based superpc signature emerges as a putative imaging biomarker for the identification of patients who may derive the most benefit from antiangiogenic therapy, advances the knowledge in the non-invasive characterization of brain tumors, and stresses the role of radiomics as a novel tool for improving decision-support in cancer treatment at low cost.
Acute Effects of Air Pollution on Pulmonary Function, Airway Inflammation, and Oxidative Stress in Asthmatic Children
Authors: Ling Liu, Raymond Poon, Li Chen, Anna-Maria Frescura, Paolo Montuschi, Giovanni Ciabattoni, Amanda Wheeler, Robert Dales
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2008)

bacKgrOund: Air pollution is associated with respiratory symptoms, lung function decrements, and hospitalizations.However, there is little information about the influence of air pollution on lung injury.Objective: In this study we investigated acute effects of air pollution on pulmonary function and airway oxidative stress and inflammation in asthmatic children.MethOds: We studied 182 children with asthma, 9-14 years of age, for 4 weeks.Daily ambient concentrations of sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, ozone, and particulate matter ≤ 2.5 µm in aerodynamic diameter (PM 2.5 ) were monitored from two stations.Once a week we measured spirometry and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (Fe NO ), and determined thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and 8-isoprostane-two oxidative stress markers-and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in breath condensate.We tested associations using mixed-effects regression models, adjusting for confounding variables.results: Interquartile-range increases in 3-day average SO 2 (5.4 ppb), NO 2 (6.8 ppb), and PM 2.5 (5.4 µg/m 3 ) were associated with decreases in forced expiratory flow between 25% and 75% of forced vital capacity, with changes being -3.1% [95% confidence interval (CI), -5.8 to -0.3], -2.8% (95% CI, -4.8 to -0.8), and -3.0%(95% CI, -4.7 to -1.2), respectively.SO 2 , NO 2 , and PM 2.5 were associated with increases in TBARS, with changes being 36.2%(95% CI, 15.7 to 57.2), 21.8% (95% CI, 8.2 to 36.0), and 24.8% (95% CI, 10.8 to 39.4), respectively.Risk estimates appear to be larger in children not taking corticosteroids than in children taking corticosteroids.O 3 (5.3ppb) was not associated with health end points.Fe NO , 8-isoprostane, and IL-6 were not associated with air pollutants.cOnclusiOn: Air pollution may increase airway oxidative stress and decrease small airway function of asthmatic children.Inhaled corticosteroids may reduce oxidative stress and improve airway function.
Effects of Long-Term Nitrogen Dioxide Exposure on Rat Lung: Morphological Observations
Authors: Kentaro Kubota, Masataka Murakami, Shinji Takenaka, Kiyoyuki Kawai, Hiroko Kyono
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1987)

Rats continuously exposed to NO2 at 0.04, 0.4, and 4.0 ppm for as long as 27 months were submitted to morphological observation and electronmicroscopic morphometry of the lung. At 4 ppm exposure for 9 months, bronchial epithelium showed typical proliferation, which progressed further at 18 months. At this stage, proliferation of type II alveolar epithelium and edematous extension of interstitial tissue were evident and yielded fibrosis at 27 months. At 0.4 ppm, morphological changes in 18-month specimens were still ambiguous, although a tendency toward epithelial changes, as well as interstitial edema of the alveolar wall, was noticed under the electron microscope. Slight but definite alteration of the epithelium became evident after 27 months. At 0.04 ppm there were no remarkable changes throughout the entire exposure period. The morphometry revealed concentration- and duration-dependent increases in arithmetic mean thickness (AMT) of the alveolar wall. At 4 ppm, increase of AMT started as early as 9 months, became significant at 18 months, and showed a slight decrease at 27 months. This decrease was interpreted as a recovery of alveolar epithelium and decreased amount of septal edema, which in turn led to fibrosis. At 0.4 ppm, a slight increase of AMT started at 18 months and extended significantly in 27 months. A similar but insignificant tendency was found even at 0.04 ppm. The morphological alterations were parallel to the concentration and duration of exposure. These findings suggested that an intensive study should be conducted to confirm whether alterations were due to prolonged exposure and/or due to elevated sensitivity of the aged lung.
Skin bruising, adrenal function and markers of bone metabolism in asthmatics using inhaled beclomethasone and fluticasone
Authors: JL Malo, A Cartier, H Ghezzo, S Mark, J Brown, M Laviolette, LP Boulet
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1999)

Fluticasone propionate (FP) is generally considered to have twice the efficacy of beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP) on a weight-to-weight basis for the control of asthma, and may have lesser effects on adrenal function. However, the effects of FP and BDP on skin integrity and bone metabolism markers require further examination. Sixty-nine asthmatic subjects were enrolled in a double-blind crossover study in which, after a baseline period, they received BDP or FP (at half the dose of BDP) for two 4-month periods each. A questionnaire on skin bruising, a skin examination, tests of adrenal function and of markers of bone metabolism were performed after 2 months of each period. The number of asthma exacerbations was not significantly different for the two treatment periods (eight for BDP and nine for FP), nor were various indices of asthma control. Whereas the frequency of bruising reported by the questionnaire was not different, there were more bruises on examination for BDP (1.6+/-2.5) than for FP (1.2+/-2.3) (p=0.04). Although baseline serum cortisol was not significantly different for the two drugs, the increase in cortisol after cortrosyn was lower for BDP (357+/-158 micromol x dL(-1)) than for FP (422+/-144 micromol x dL(-1)) (p&lt;0.01). Serum osteocalcin levels were significantly lower in subject on BDP (2.8+/-1.7 microg x mL(-1)) than on FP (3.5+/-1.9 ng x mL(-1)) (p=0.003). Other markers of bone metabolism were not significantly altered. The three major side-effects were loosely, but significantly correlated with the periods on BDP and FP. However, skin bruises, increase in cortisol after Cortrosyn and osteocalcin were not significantly correlated for the period on either BDP or FP. In conclusion, whereas fluticasone propionate used at half the dose of beclomethasone dipropionate has a comparable effect on the control of asthma, fluticasone propionate demonstrated fewer side-effects in terms of skin bruising, adrenal suppression and bone metabolism.
Surgery
Authors: C. Skourtis, G. Mastrokostopoulos, D. Lappas, A. Martinez-Pellus, P. Merino, M. Bru, R. Conejero, G. Seller, C. Muñoz, G. Gonzalez, S. Nicolas, B. Alvarez, F. Criado, T. Fuentes, G. Berlot, J. L. Vincent, Y. J. Gu, R. Obster, R. C. G. Gallandat Huet, A. Eijgelaar, W. van Oeveren, P. Colson, G. Bocarra, Ch. Marty-Ané, H. Barlet, M. Pécastaing, H. Mary, B. Roquefeuil, D. F. Altomare, O. C. Pannarale, L. Lupo, M. De Fazio, R. Vicente, V. Memeo, M. Rubino
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (1992)
Thirty-first Annual Scientific Meeting of the American Society of Cytology
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1983)

Journal Article Thirty-first Annual Scientific Meeting of the American Society of Cytology Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 71, Issue 1, July 1983, Page 224, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/71.1.224-a Published: 01 July 1983
Ankylosing Spondylitis
Authors: George Crawford
Journal: JAMA (1977)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The recent report by Calin et al (237:2613, 1977) suggests that a medical history is a sensitive and specific screening test for ankylosing spondylitis. However, the authors confuse the concept of specificity (the proportion of patients without ankylosing spondylitis who have a negative test) with the concept of predictive value (the proportion of patients with a positive test who prove to have ankylosing spondylitis). Specificity is not dependent on prevalence since it is determined by patients free of the disease in question, whereas predictive value depends strongly on prevalence and may be calculated from the specificity and sensitivity of the test and the prevalence of the disease.<sup>1</sup> The Table compares the sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values of a positive HLA-B27, four or five affirmative answers, or five affirmative answers to the five most discriminating questions, using the author's values for prevalence, sensitivity, and specificity. Note that
NCCN News
Authors: Wui-Jin Koh, William Gradishar, Al Benson, Robert Lurie
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2019)

Representatives from NCCN met with health leaders in The Plurinational State of Bolivia to begin generating cancer treatment recommendations to fit the country's unique needs.These new national guidelines will be based on the NCCN Framework for Resource Stratification of NCCN Guidelines (NCCN Framework), which are themselves based on the NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology (NCCN Guidelines).These versions will be translated into Spanish and will be the first to be adapted to the specific cancer care circumstances in Bolivia."The NCCN Guidelines are the most widely used cancer treatment guidelines in Bolivia; now they will be even more accessible and appropriate for optimizing treatment practices across the country," said Rober t W. Carlson, MD, Chief Executive Officer, NCCN."Working with local experts allows us to customize our evidence-and expert-consensus-based recommendations to reflect different levels of resource availability in Bolivia.We are also able to target the areas of greatest need for this population.These types of collaborative projects are crucial to our mission to define and advance high-quality, high-value, patient-centered cancer care all over the world."The Bolivian adaptations of NCCN Framework will join a growing number of Adaptations & Translations, NCCN Harmonized Guidelines, and other resources designed for use outside of the United States.They are all available to view or download for free at NCCN.org or via the Virtual Library of NCCN Guidelines App for smartphone and tablet.The first 3 Bolivian adaptations will focus on breast, cervical, and rectal cancers, based on the highest incidences and most need for the region.NCCN plans to address additional cancer types in future editions.
La tubercolose du tractus uvéal, infection et SUPERINFECTION.
Journal: JAMA (1924)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal