tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
OC-006 Randomised placebo-controlled trial of rituximab (anti-CD20) in active ulcerative colitis
Authors: K Leiper, K Martin, A Ellis, S Subramanian, A Watson, S Christmas, D Howarth, F Campbell, J M Rhodes
Journal: Gut (2010)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Ulcerative colitis (UC) is associated with circulating auto-antibodies including pANCA. Although these are often seen as epiphenomena, they might be involved in pathogenesis. Suppression of the humoral response by use of anti-B lymphocyte antibodies might then be therapeutic. Prompted by the efficacy of the B cell (anti-CD20) antibody, rituximab, in rheumatoid arthritis we have conducted a phase II double-blinded placebo-controlled study of this antibody in UC (NCT00261118). <h3>Methods</h3> 24 patients with active UC (Mayo score 6–12, but excluding severe colitis as defined by Truelove and Witts) who had either failed to respond to 2 weeks systemic corticosteroids or who had relapsed during steroid tapering were randomised to receive rituximab 1 g in 500 ml 0.9% saline intravenously over 4 h at 0 and 2 weeks (n=16) or saline placebo (n=8). Patients still receiving corticosteroids on entry (placebo group 7/8; rituximab group 14/16) continued a standard tapering regimen. Primary endpoint was remission (Mayo score &lt;2) at 4 weeks. Secondary endpoints included response (reduction in Mayo score by &gt;3 points) at 4 weeks and 12 weeks. The study was designed to assess safety but was powered to give 80% chance of excluding an 80% remission rate with active treatment compared with an estimated 25% placebo rate. Patients were randomised in blocks of five and analysis was by χ<sup>2</sup>, Student t or Mann–Whitney U, where appropriate. <h3>Results</h3> Mayo score on entry was significantly higher in rituximab-treated patients (mean 9.19, 95% CI 8.31 to 10.06) than for placebo patients (7.63, 95% CI 6.63 to 8.62, p=0.03). Five of eight placebo patients and 12 of 16 rituximab patients were receiving Azathioprine, 6-mercaptopurine or methotrexate (n=1). At week 4 only 1/8 placebo-treated patients and 3/16 rituximab patients were in remission. However at week 4, 8/16 rituximab-treated patients had shown a response compared with 2/8 placebo with a median reduction in Mayo score of 2.5 (rituximab) compared with 0 (placebo, p=0.07). This response was however only maintained out to week 12 in 4/16. By week 12, UC had flared in 11/16 Rituximab patients and 7/8 placebo patients. Mucosal healing was seen at week 4 in 5/16 rituximab-treated patients and 2/8 placebo (NS). Rituximab was well tolerated with one chest infection, three mild infusion reactions plus one case of (probably unrelated) non-fatal pulmonary embolism. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Rituximab is well tolerated by patients with ulcerative colitis and may have some therapeutic effect. Larger studies, probably using a different dosing regimen, will be needed to assess this.
ABSCESS OF THE LUNG
Journal: JAMA (1927)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
REFLEX NASAL NEUROSES.
Journal: JAMA (1889)

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Early Exposure to Marijuana and Risk of Later Drug Use—Reply
Authors: Denise B. Kandel
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
What is the significance of negative MIBG scan and urine catecholamines in children with neural crest tumors?
Authors: L. Lau, P. Shaw
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

8553 Background: The clinical presentation of ganglioneuroblastoma (GNB) or ganglioneuroma (GN) is often very similar to neuroblastoma (NB). Although MIBG scan and urine catecholamines level are both very sensitive investigations in the diagnosis of NB, the results profile of these 2 tests in GNB or GN is less clear. Methods: Retrospective chart review on 82 children diagnosed with neural crest tumor at the Royal Alexandra Hospital for Children between 1991 and 1999. Results: 75 patients had informative MIBG and urine homovanillic acid (HVA)/vanillylmandelic acid (VMA) results at diagnosis. 65 were histologically classified as NB, 4 GNB and 6 GN. There were 6 Stage IVs, 32 Stage IV and 37 Stage I-III patients. All GNB/GN were localized tumors. 94% of NB were MIBG positive versus 60% of GNB/GN (P<0.01). Elevated levels of HVA (>19mmol/mol creatinine) and/or VMA (>15mmol/mol creatinine) were found in 91% of NB versus 20% of GNB/GN (P<0.0001). 57 patients were MIBG positive with high HVA/VMA (Group1: 56 NB, 1 GN). 14 patients were either MIBG positive or had high HVA/VMA (Group2: 8 NB, 4 GNB, 2 GN). 4 patients were both MIBG and urine negative (Group3: 1 NB, 3 GN). All 38 metastatic NB were in Group1, which consisted of 23% localized tumors. In comparison, Group 2 & 3 consisted of localized tumors only and 50% were GNB/GN. It was 6.5 times more likely for a Group 2 or 3 tumor to be a GNB/GN than a NB (P<0.0001). 5-year OS was inferior for Group 1 compared with Group 2 & 3 (48% vs 93%; P=0.01) with a median follow-up of 36 months. The 1 death in Group 3 was a NB. Conclusions: Non-secretory and MIBG negative tumors comprised 5% of all neural crest tumors, 1.5% of NB and 30% of GNB/GN. Neural crest tumors, which were MIBG and/or urine negative, were significantly more likely to be non-metastatic NB or a GNB/GN and had an excellent prognosis. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
MULTIPLE STAGE MEASURES IN THE SURGERY OF SEVERE HYPERTHYROIDISM
Journal: JAMA (1922)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Analysis of factors associated with the prognosis of cirrhotic patients who were treated with V2-receptor antagonist for hepatic edema
Authors: Akemi Tsutsui, Koichi Takaguchi, Masanori Atsukawa, Akihito Tsubota, Hidenori Toyoda, Motoh Iwasa, Tadashi Ikegami, Akito Nozaki, Haruki Uojima, Atsushi Hiraoka, Shinya Fukunishi, Hironao Okubo, Tsunamasa Watanabe, Norio Itokawa, Yasuhito Tanaka, Takashi Kumada
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2020)
Effect of maternal lorazepam on the neonate
Authors: A. Whitelaw
Journal: BMJ (1981)

Fifty-three neonates born to 51 mothers treated with lorazepam were followed up for five days after delivery.Lorazepam had been given by mouth to 35 mothers and intravenously to 16.In general, maternal plasma concentrations of loraze- pam were higher than the corresponding cord plasma concentrations.Cord plasma concentrations exceeding 45 ,ug/l were associated with three-quarters of the infants requiring ventilation at birth.Neonates conjugate lorazepam slowly to the pharmacologically inactive glucuronide, which is then excreted in the urine, where it is detectable for over seven days.Though lorazepam was detectable in breast milk, the maximum amounts that an infant could absorb would be pharmacologically insignificant.Full-term neonates whose mothers had received oral lorazepam had no complications apart from slight delay in establishing feeding, which in seven out of 29 cases was associated with relatively large doses of lorazepam.Intravenous lorazepam for severe hyper- tension was associated with significantly low Apgar scores, need for ventilation, hypothermia, and poor suckling.Preterm babies whose mothers had been given lorazepam by either route had a high incidence of low Apgar scores, need for ventilation, hypothermia, and poor suckling.These babies had lower Apgar scores than those whose mothers had received diazepam, but the diazepam group were heavier and more mature.Lorazepam was an effective sedative and anxiolytic by either route, and there were no eclamptic fits among the lorazepam-treated patients.The effects of lorazepam on neonates indicate that its intravenous use at any stage in pregnancy and oral use before 37 weeks should be restricted to hospitals with facilities for neonatal intensive care.
Artificial heart can be reassuring backup for surgeons, says pioneer
Authors: V. S. Cowart
Journal: JAMA (1988)

ONE BENEFIT OF having the artificial heart available as a bridge to transplant is being able to offer other forms of heart surgery to sicker patients, according to William De Vries, MD. Knowing there is a backup allows a surgeon to feel less wary of attempting potentially lifesaving surgery in very ill patients, he says. De Vries began his pioneering work with the artificial heart at the University of Utah, Salt Lake City, in 1982 and has continued his work at Humana Hospital, Louisville. Some of that research is reported in this issue ofThe Journal. "When we first started the artificial heart program," De Vries says, "the question was simply, 'Would it support life?' Now that we know it can, we can address other important questions, including whether it is worth doing and can we afford it." Because the artificial heart will support life, De Vries says, he could
Questions surround shuttle, future life sciences studies
Authors: K. Simmons
Journal: JAMA (1986)

ALTHOUGH ACQUISITION of medical data from space flights is limited by allowable time, space, and invasiveness, the American space shuttle— which, by some predictions, eventually was to have flown up to 60 times a year—at least held out the hope of acquiring this important information bit by bit. And 1986 was to have been the busiest year yet for the shuttle, with a goal of 15 launches (compared with nine in 1985). But all that ended with the Jan 28 crash. Now, NASA is attempting to address the questions that must be answered before flights resume in 1988. Among the most prominent are: If future crew members initially survive a major malfunction—as it appears at least some of the Challenger crew did—is there any way to provide an escape? And can future flights be made more safe? NASA research to date suggests that the only answer to the first question
ICU
Authors: Glenda Cassutt
Journal: JAMA (1991)

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Numerical Errors.
Journal: JAMA (1996)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Analgesic Appears More Potent, Less Addictive Than Morphine
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Effects of H2-Receptor Antagonists on Blood Alcohol Levels
Authors: Malcolm Rowland
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —DiPadova et al<sup>1</sup>observed an increase in blood alcohol concentration resulting from a single 0.3 g/kg oral dose of ethanol in subjects receiving chronic administration of ranitidine (300 mg/d) and cimetidine (1000 mg/d). Although of interest and worthy of further investigation, we feel that advocation by the authors of prescribing restrictions being applied to these H<sub>2</sub>-antagonists based on these findings may be premature and unrealistic. Such observations should be balanced against the awareness, even by the drinking public, of the dramatic changes in blood alcohol profiles produced by diet and the time at which ethanol is ingested relative to food intake. Wilkinson et al,<sup>2</sup>for example, observed that dietary variability can produce up to a 300% change in maximum blood alcohol concentration and a 400% change in area under the blood alcohol curve. This high sensitivity to diet is due to the saturable
Die Blutgruppen und ihre Anwendungsgebiete.
Journal: JAMA (1933)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Chylothorax and Chylous Reflux
Journal: Thorax (1970)

Much less is known of the lymphatics of the pleura and chest wall.There are two main directions of lymph flow-forwards to the internal mammary chain of nodes and vessels, and backwards to the posterior mediastinum.Some of the lymphatics of the lower intercostal spaces drain downwards, through the diaphragm, to reach the cisterna chyli.Some of the mediastinal lymphatics communicate directly with the thoracic duct while the majority run upwards to join the paratracheal and pulmonary lymphatics and then drain by one or more vessels into the veins at the base of the neck near the thoracic duct.The radiological appearances of the abnormal lymphatics in lymphangitis carcinomatosa, pulmonary oedema, etc., are discussed.Lymphography W. F. WHITE The lymphatics and lymph nodes draining many parts of the body may now be demonstrated by lymphography.
Effect of age and diagnosis on survival of older patients beginning chronic dialysis
Authors: C. Byrne
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To assess the survival of elderly patients in the United States beginning chronic dialysis for end-stage renal disease caused by diabetes mellitus, hypertension, glomerulonephritis, polycystic kidney disease, and other causes. <h3>Design.</h3> —A secondary analysis of data obtained from the Health Care Financing Administration. <h3>Patients.</h3> —All Medicare end-stage renal disease patients 55 years of age or older (n=95 394) who began chronic dialysis treatment in the US between 1982 and 1987. <h3>Main Outcome Measures.</h3> —The 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates for each of six age strata and, within each strata, for each of the four most frequent causes of renal failure. <h3>Results.</h3> —Survival rates of dialysis patients fell precipitously, and much more rapidly for the study group than for the general population, as a function of advancing age. Older patients with diabetic nephropathy fared particularly badly, such that no patients with diabetic nephropathy aged 85 years or more survived 5 years. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —Mortality rates of patients older than 55 years beginning chronic dialysis treatment increased dramatically as age at initiation of dialysis increased. Clinically meaningful survival data should prove useful to persons making decisions about the initiation of chronic dialysis. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1994;271:34-36)