tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
[586] SAFETY, PHARMACOKINETICS AND ANTIVIRAL EFFECT OF BILB1941, A NOVEL HCV RNA POLYMERASE INHIBITOR, AFTER 5 DAYS ORAL TREATMENT IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEPATITIS C
Authors: A. Erhardt, H. Wedemeyer, Y. Benhamou, C. Moellekens, X. Forns, S. Pol, J.L. Calleja, S. Ross, H.C. Spangenberg, J. Garcia-Samaniego, M. Fuchs, J. Enriquez, T. Wiegand, J. Stern, K. Wu, G. Nehmiz, J. Steffgen
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2007)
Unknown head and neck primary: Treatment with neck dissection followed by concurrent chemoradiotherapy
Authors: N. J. Shehadeh, M. Becker, G. Yoo, H.-S. Lin, J. Jacobs, R. Mathog, O. Kucuk, H. Kim, C. Black, J. Ensley
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

5530 Background:The best management of lymph node metastasis from unknown primary in the head and neck has not been clearly established. Our objective was to review the outcome in a specific cohort of patients treated uniformly with modified neck dissection followed by concurrent chemoradiation. Methods: We conducted a retrospective evaluation of patients (pts) treated between 1995 and 2002 who had resectable nodal squamous cell cancer (SCC) of unknown primary sites and were treated with modified neck dissection followed by concurrent high-dose cisplatin (CIS) and radiotherapy (RT) using a port inclusive of the nasopharynx. Results: Thirty-six pts were identified (median age of 57; male to female ratio 3:1; African American to White ratio 1: 3; stage distribution: N1 (8%), N2a (20%), N2b (36%), N2c (8%), N3 (16%), unknown (11%); at least 60% of pts had locally advanced disease (>N2b). Chemotherapy was given as cisplatin 100mg/m2 x 3 cycles in 86% or CIS=>carboplatin in 14 %. Concurrent RT was given as follows: potential primary sites (5400 cGy), involved neck (6400 cGy), uninvolved neck (5020 cGy), and supraclavicular/low neck region (5000 cGy). Therapy was not completed in 14% of pts. With median follow-up of 30 months (range 7–101 months), 88 % of pts were disease-free and 12 % failed treatment: loco-regional failure (3%), loco-regional and distant metastasis (3%), and distant metastasis (6%). A second primary (tongue cancer) was seen in one patient and another patient developed colon cancer at 90 months and 18 months, respectively. Among the 36 pts: 86 % were alive with no evidence of disease, 6% were alive with disease and 8% died. Toxicity included mucositis grade (G) 3/4 (43%), neutropenia G 3/4 (14%), and renal toxicity G 3/4 (6%). Conclusions: Neck dissection followed by chemo/RT, using high dose CIS concurrently with nasopharyngeal port RT, is an effective way of treating pts with SCC of neck from an unknown primary. This treatment may confer an improved survival and warrants further prospective testing. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Advising medical students about internships
Authors: H. B. Hudnut
Journal: JAMA (1970)

The most important event for most students in the fourth year of medical school is obtaining an internship. In 1969, a total of 8,393 fourth-year medical students participated in the National Intern and Resident Matching Program (NIRMP).<sup>1</sup>Of these, 8,114 (96.7%) were matched. Very little has been written on the subject of advising medical students about internships.<sup>2,3</sup>At some medical schools, an assistant or associate dean advises all students about internships and writes school letters for them. Other schools utilize departmental representatives or committees for the following reasons: (1) the need to give accurate advice to students interested in internships (and often straight internships) in multiple fields of specialty training, and (2) the amount of time required to both advise and write letters of recommendation. <h3>Choice of Internship</h3> The National Intern and Resident Matching Program has supplied information about internship placement. In 1969, a total of 62% of
THE AMERICAN ELECTRO-THERAPEUTIC ASSOCIATION.
Authors: Wm H Walling
Journal: JAMA (1893)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Antiparasitic Drugs
Authors: L X Liu, P F Weller
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1996)

Many different infections with protozoan and helminthic parasites are common global health problems. Several protozoa are responsible for opportunistic infections in patients with AIDS. The newly developed drug, albendazole, has a strong activity against many nematode and cestode parasites. In the case of echinococcosis, it reduces the viability of protoscolices and cysts. Its hepatic metabolite, albendazole sulfoxide, is active against the larval cestodes. In the case of neurocysticercosis, administration of either the standard treatment, praziquantel, or the newly developed drug, albendazole, reduces or eliminates tapeworm cysts in 80-90% of patients. Patients with numerous cysts and those in whom neurologic symptoms or intracranial hypertension develops after therapy against cysticerci should receive adjunctive therapy with dexamethasone. Mass chemotherapy with single doses of albendazole or the older drug, mebendazole, is feasible for school-age children to treat the soil-transmitted helminthiases (ascariasis, hook-worm infection, and trichuriasis). The newly developed drug, ivermectin, is more effective against chronic strongyloidiasis than albendazole. It has been used most extensively against river blindness. It greatly reduces the number of microfilariae in the skin and eyes but has no effect on sclerosing keratitis or chorioretinitis. Both drugs are available in the US on a compassionate-use basis from their manufacturers. Field trials show that ivermectin is also effective against lymphatic filariasis and Mansonella ozzardi. Praziquantel is effective against many trematode and cestode infections. It is the drug of choice for schistosomiasis. Albendazole was effective against giardiasis in children in Bangladesh but ineffective in adult travelers returning from tropical areas. It appears to effect symptomatic improvement of intestinal microsporidial infections in patients with AIDS. The newly developed drug, fumagillin, can ameliorate ocular microsporidiosis. The newly developed drug, paromycin, treats cryptosporidiosis. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole treats cyclosporiasis and isosporiasis.
AB0024 Systemic inflammation and b-cells in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: M. Blits, J. Lubbers, S. Vosslamber, S. de Ridder, G.-J. Wolbink, D. van Schaardenburg, M. Nurmohamed, M. Pegtel, C. Verweij
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is heterogeneous in clinical symptoms, clinical parameters, pathogenesis and gene expression levels. Previously, we demonstrated variation in B-cell related gene expression between RA patients. <h3>Objectives</h3> The aim was to explore the relation of B-cell related gene expression to clinical parameters of disease severity in early arthritis (EA) and established RA (esRA). <h3>Methods</h3> B-cell related gene expression (B-cell score) was determined in peripheral blood cells of 26 EA and 180 esRA patients, using multiplex real-time PCR. For the EA cohort, B-cell counts were also measured using flow cytometry. The esRA cohort was (randomly) divided into test and validation group of each 90 RA patients, with a mean DAS28 of 5.0 and 5.2, respectively. Associations were assessed between B-cell scores and the clinical disease parameters DAS28, CRP, RF, anti-CCP, nodules and erosions in all cohorts and B-cell counts only in EA cohort. Statistical testing was executed according to a bootstrap method which randomizes the esRA group a 1000 times into two equally sized groups. <h3>Results</h3> We demonstrated that the B-cell score reflected the peripheral blood B-cell count (p&lt;0.0001, r=0.7463). In EA, the B-cell score revealed a significant negative correlation with CRP levels (p=0.0137; r=-0.4773). In the esRA group we also observed a negative correlation between the B-cell score and CRP levels (p=0.0004, r=-0.3666). This result was confirmed in the independent validationgroup (p=0.0194; r=-0.2461). Additionally, we performed a randomization with the bootstrap method, which showed the same significant correlations in almost all cases. However, no correlations were found between B-cell score and DAS28, RF, anti-CCP, nodules or erosions. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The B-cell score reflects the B-cell count in RA and a low B-cell count is associated with an increased marker of systemic inflammation in RA. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Dr. Rockwell Is Not Dead.
Journal: JAMA (1925)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A phase II study of radiotherapy employing proton beam for hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: M. Kawashima, J. Furuse, T. Nishio, M. Konishi, H. Ishii, T. Kinoshita, M. Nagase, K. Nihei, T. Ogino
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

4024 Background: Proton beam radiotherapy (PRT) has an excellent depth-dose profile that can deliver high dose to the liver tumor without debilitating liver function compared to photon beam radiotherapy. It is reasonable to evaluate the safety and efficacy of PRT prospectively for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods: Eligibility criteria for this study were: solitary HCC; neither surgery nor local ablation therapy were indicated; no ascites; age ≥20 years; Zubord performance status is 0∼2; no serious co-morbidities other than liver cirrhosis; written informed consent. Tumor close to the stomach or intestinal loop was not considered as a subject for this study. Clinical target volume (CTV) was defined as gross tumor volume plus 5 mm of lateral and cranio-caudal margin. PRT administering 76 GyE/20 fractions/5 weeks to the CTV was done using respiration-gated irradiation system (ReGIS) with 150∼190 MeV proton beam. Relative biological effectiveness of our proton beam was defined as 1.1. No patients received transarterial chemoembolization or local ablation in combination with PRT. Results: Thirty patients were enrolled between May 1999 and Feb. 2003. There were 20 male and 10 female with a median age of 70 years (range: 48∼87 years). Maximum tumor diameter ranged from 25 ∼ 82 mm (median 45 mm). All patients had liver cirrhosis of which the degree was Child class A in 9, B in 19, and C in 2. Acute reactions of PRT were well tolerated, and PRT were completed as planned in all patients. After a median follow-up period of 31 months (14∼54 months), only 1 patient experienced tumor recurrence within the CTV and 2-year actuarial local control rate was as 96% (95% confidence interval: 88%∼100%). Actuarial overall survival rate at 2 years was 64% (46∼83%). Pretreatment liver function that was evaluated with indocyanin green clearance at 15 minutes (ICG 15), and liver volume that received 30 GyE or more (V30) significantly correlated with overall survival. Conclusions: Since PRT showed minimal acute toxicity and excellent tumor control within CTV, it is expected as one of the convincing non-surgical treatment options for HCC. ICG 15 and V30 were considered as useful indicators of patient prognosis. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
The deoxyuridine suppression test identifies subtle cobalamin deficiency in patients without typical megaloblastic anemia
Authors: R. Carmel
Journal: JAMA (1985)

Four patients had serum cobalamin levels that were initially thought to be falsely low. None of the patients had the typical hematologic and clinical features of cobalamin deficiency and the three so tested had normal cobalamin absorption and/or gastric function. However, the deoxyuridine suppression test result was abnormal in all four cases. The abnormality was improved by adding cobalamin in vitro but, in three of the four cases, was not corrected and, indeed, was made worse by the addition of methyl tetrahydrofolate. These results established metabolically the presence of cobalamin deficiency. The recently improved cobalamin radioassays may be unmasking some atypical and, heretofore, unappreciated cobalamin-deficiency states (only one of our four patients would have come to attention with the older radioassays). These can be identified with the deoxyuridine suppression test, particularly when specific in vitro additives are included. (<i>JAMA</i>1985;253:1284-1287)
HEREDITARY IRON LOADING ANEMIA WITH SECONDARY HEMOCHROMATOSIS
Journal: JAMA (1962)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Choosing patients for chenodeoxycholic acid treatment.
Journal: BMJ (1977)

Changes in uterine arteries seen after pregnancy and oral contraceptive (OC) exposure are discussed. Arteries which must be large during pregnancy undergo striking changes which may be necessary to remodel the arterial tree for its new function. Some of these changes which are considered abnormal in more stable situations include thrombotic luminal occlusion, intimal hyperplasia, and medial calcification. In arteries removed at Caesarean section, wide patency was seen regardless of the age of the patient or her parity. In arteries removed from 55 women at hysterectomy, 38 showed thrombi, 10 occlusive thrombi, and 18 appreciable medial calcification. In 60 hysterectomies in Britain, the amount of intimal proliferation in uterine vessels correlated closely with the extent and duration of OC exposure. Only parity greater than 3 was listed in this paper. There were fewer multiparous patients in the group with normal vessels indicating a biological rather than a pathological condition caused by OCs. Further information is needed to decide whether changes in vessels are attributable to OCs.
Folfirinox for Locally Advanced Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma. Results of an Ageo Multicentric Prospective Study
Authors: L. Marthey, A. Sa-Cunha, J.F. Blanc, A. Cueff, E. Francois, I. Trouilloud, D. Malka, J. Bachet, R. Coriat, J. Taieb
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2012)
ERCP
Authors: Ryan Law, Todd Baron
Journal: Endoscopy (2013)

Technological advances in ERCP have appeared to plateau. Nonetheless, specific areas within ERCP were well represented at this year’s Digestive Disease Week (DDW). These areas are subdivided and discussed in detail. As expected, there remains concern about prevention of post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP). Although pharmacologic therapy by using nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) has clearly emerged as an alternative and/or adjunct to pancreatic duct (PD) stents, stents seem to remain the mainstay in the endoscopists’ armamentarium for the prevention of PEP. Other topics covered included the use of cholangioscopy, diagnosis of biliary strictures, and treatment of strictures by using stents and radiofrequency ablation.
Unanticipated Prevalence of Symptoms among Dairy Farmers in Michigan and Wisconsin
Authors: Henry A. Anderson, Ruth Lilis, Irving J. Selikoff, Kenneth D. Rosenman, Jose A. Valciukas, Steven Freedman
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1978)

Adverse human health effects resulting from exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PBBs) were unknown until the accidental contamination of Michigan dairy farm animal feed in 1973-1974. Human exposure resulted from the consumption of contaminated meat, milk, dairy products, and eggs. In November 1976, the Environmental Sciences Laboratory conducted comprehensive examinations of 933 farmers and residents in Mighigan who were likely to have consumed farm products contaminated with PBB. A comparison group of 229 Wisconsin dairy farmers were examined in March 1977 and the same scientific and medical staffs that conducted the Michigan survey were responsible and the same procedures used. A complete history of symptomatology by organ system, including year of first onset, duration, frequency, and severity of each symptom was obtained by a physician on all adults examined. Statistical analysis of the prevalence of symptoms at the time of examination or during the preceding year in the Michigan and Wisconsin populations studied found the Michigan group to have a significantly higher prevalence of skin, neurological and musculoskeletal symptoms. The increase was seen among the younger age groups 16-35 and 36-55. Michigan females had a higher prevalence of neurological symptoms than the Michigan males. The existing differences could not be explained without considering an etiologic role for exposure to PBB.
Don't Breathe and Drive? Pollutants Lurk inside Vehicles
Authors: Bob Weinhold
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2001)

FocusA t times it pays to live in the fast lane.Drivers motoring in freeway carpool lanes not only avoid the congestion of traffic in slower neighboring lanes, they may also avoid lung congestion from pollutants that seep into their vehicles as they creep along in bumper-to-bumper traffic.In-vehicle pollutants have been investigated in about two dozen studies over the past two decades, with consistent findings around the world: driving in tightly packed traffic leads to interior concentrations of pollutants that are up to 10 times higher than those in ambient city air.FPG
ETIOLOGY OF ALOPECIA PREMATURA.
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Retarded cleavage rates of preimplantation monkey embryos in vitro
Authors: O. Kreitmann
Journal: JAMA (1981)

We describe disparities of cleavage rates in vitro vs in vivo using monkey embryos. Embryos were recovered from living monkeys by retrograde irrigation of the Fallopian tubes after spontaneous ovulation and normal fertilization in vivo. Cleavage rates of the embryos were studied in vitro, employing two culture media. The progression of embryonic development was compared with that in the natural setting (in vivo). The findings indicate that monkey embryos developing in vitro kept pace with the expected time course for only about 24 hours; indeed, extracorporeal conditions using either culture medium were insufficient to sustain normal cleavage rates thereafter. The asynchrony between cleavage rates in the two milieus may contribute substantially to perinidatory embryo wastage and subsequent implantation failure, even after successful in vitro fertilization. (<i>JAMA</i>1981;246:627-629)
Obstetric care.
Authors: J Everett
Journal: BMJ (1984)

Obstetric care in Third World hospitals differs from that in Britain in several important respects.Skill, drugs, equipment, and finance may be limited, and the large number of patients cared for may make overcrowding a serious problem.Although the emphasis of medical care must be on prevention, complica- tions from neglect, such as obstructed labour and ruptured uterus, are common.In addition, it is important to respect the local cultural practices and customs, and this may lead to modifications in management.Some obstetric complications-for example, eclampsia, disproportion, and severe anaemias-are more common in certain geographical areas than in others.Thus priorities in care must focus on the local problems of the community.Certain equip- ment, such as a sphygmomanometer and a fetal stethoscope, is essential wherever one is practising, but other equipment and, more especially, drugs may be necessary in some areas and not in others.In addition, modifications may have to be made to fit in with the availability of drugs in different countries.