tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Proposed card, intended to facilitate medical billing, record keeping, draws mixed reviews
Authors: P. Cotton
Journal: JAMA (1991)

ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS designed to cut health insurance red tape are, with caveats on confidentiality, generally thought to be a good way to reduce costs and hassles for patients and providers. However, a proposal this month by Department of Health and Human Services Secretary Louis Sullivan, MD, to give every insured person a credit card that would facilitate electronic billing and record keeping by containing the details of what the patient is and is not covered for, and to then call that a first step in health care reform, seems mostly to be fueling criticism of the Bush administration's approach to such reform. "Not that it is a bad idea," says Sidney Wolfe, MD, director of Public Citizen Health Research Group, Washington, DC, but the potential savings "are a drop in the bucket of administrative waste. This does not improve access, it improves cash flow," he says. The plan is "a
Bacterial endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide) as a cause of erythema multiforme
Authors: W. B. Shelley
Journal: JAMA (1980)

The classic iris lesions in a patient with erythema multiforme bullosum were reproduced grossly as well as microscopically by the intradermal injection of a variety of heat-killed, Gram-negative bacteria, as well as their common endotoxin, lipopolysaccharide W. In vitro exposure of the patient's blood to these antigens induced specific fibrin microclots characteristic of a hypersensitivity state. It is possible that some cases of erythema multiforme associated with a variety of respiratory, gastrointestinal, or urinary tract infections may represent a single specific delayed sensitivity reaction to the bacterial endotoxin, lipopolysaccharide. (<i>JAMA</i>243:58-60, 1980)
Correction to: Oroxylin A promotes PTEN-mediated negative regulation of MDM2 transcription via SIRT3-mediated deacetylation to stabilize p53 and inhibit glycolysis in wt-p53 cancer cells
Authors: Kai Zhao, Yuxin Zhou, Chen Qiao, Ting Ni, Zhiyu Li, Xiaotang Wang, Qinglong Guo, Na Lu, Libin Wei
Journal: Journal of Hematology & Oncology (2019)

The original article [1] contains several errors.
INCONSISTENCY OF THE BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL.
Journal: JAMA (1905)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Molecular determinants of cetuximab efficacy
Authors: D. Vallböhmer, W. Zhang, M. Gordon, D. Y. Yang, J. Yun, O. A. Press, K. E. Rhodes, S. Iqbal, K. D. Danenberg, H.-J. Lenz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

3551 Background: Cetuximab, a monoclonal antibody targeting epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), demonstrates promising efficacy in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC). However, no molecular marker is established to identify patients who will most likely benefit from this drug. We investigated whether mRNA expression levels of cyclinD1 (CCND1), cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2), EGFR, interleukin-8 (IL-8) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), all members of the EGFR signaling pathway, are associated with clinical outcome in patients with metastatic CRC treated with cetuximab. Methods: 39 patients with metastatic CRC, refractory to irinotecan and oxaliplatin, were enrolled in IMCL-0144 (Lenz et al; ASCO 2004). All patients had intratumoral EGFR protein expression. Cetuximab was administered at standard loading dose 400mg/m2 over 2 hours, followed by weekly 250mg/m2 treatment over 1 hour. Intratumoral mRNA levels of CCND1, Cox-2, EGFR, IL-8 and VEGF were assessed from paraffin-embedded tissue samples using laser-capture microdissection and quantitative Real-Time PCR. Results: There were 21 women and 18 men (median age 64 years; range 35–83). The median survival time was 5.5 months, the median follow-up 7.1 months. Partial response was observed in 2 (6%), stable disease in 21 (60%) and progressive disease in 12 (34%) patients (response was inevaluable in 4 patients). 12 (31%) patients had a grade 1, 20 (51%) a grade 2 and one (3%) patient a grade 3 skin reaction. Higher mRNA levels of VEGF were associated with resistance to cetuximab (p= 0.038). The combination of lower mRNA levels of Cox-2, EGFR and IL-8 was significantly associated with overall survival (13.5 vs. 2.3 months; p=0.028). Both findings were independent of skin toxicity which was itself significantly correlated to survival. Patients with lower mRNA levels of EGFR had a longer overall survival compared with patients that had higher levels (7.3 vs. 2.2 months; p=0.09). Patients with lower mRNA levels of Cox-2 had a significantly higher rate of grade 2–3 skin reactions under cetuximab treatment. (p=0.009). Conclusions: This study suggests that gene expression levels of Cox-2, EGFR, IL-8 and VEGF in patients with metastatic CRC may be useful markers of clinical outcome in cetuximab treatment. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Response Genetics Chiron, Response Genetics, Genentech Response Genetics Roche, Pfizer, Lilly Oncology, Sanofi NCI, NIH
PARIS
Journal: JAMA (1928)

<h3>The Danger of Arsphenamines in Syphilitic Persons with Tuberculosis</h3> A communication from Dr. Marchand of Limoges, addressed to the Société médicale des hôpitaux de Paris, calls attention to an unexpected danger in the treatment by arsphenamines of persons with syphilis who harbor undetected tubercle bacilli. Marchand reports two personal cases. A young woman affected with a suspicious laryngitis, with a positive Wassermann test, was treated with neoarsphenamine. Following the first injections, the temperature rose to 39 and 40 C. Involvement of both pulmonary apexes occurred and the patient died in three months. A man, aged 30, with congenital syphilis probable, though the Wassermann test was uncertain, and without visible signs of tuberculosis, was treated by arsphenamines for nervous disorders. After the first injections, fever appeared, and, at the same time, lesions of both apexes, together with bacilli in the sputum. The treatment was interrupted, and the patient was sent to
Gender bias in research
Authors: R. Walden
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2007)

By couching the discussion of Blair and Bush in terms of hubris and nemesis, Lord Owen 1 has avoided the pitfall of diagnosis from afar while still highlighting serious problems with the two world leaders (JRSM November 2006).He does dip his toe into psychodynamics citing Freud and Justin Frank, but, by and large, he sticks to discussing behaviour and its relation to hubris and power.As a politician, Lord Owen is qualified to discuss the political leaders he has encountered.As a physician, should he be making medical judgments on political leaders?Simon Wessely has questions about this and about whether or not psychiatrists should venture beyond the consulting room. 2 Should psychiatrists limit their judgments to patients they have examined?The American Psychiatric Association says 'yes' and Dr Wessely cites data to support that view.But the question remains, can psychiatrists and neuroscientists, with the help of philosophers, provide useful insights that contribute to the understanding of leaders and their followers?I believe that we should try.We should bring whatever scientific data there may be to counter ideology, blind faith and the intoxicating effects of power.It is true hubris often comes with power.Even though we do not have a psychiatric diagnosis for hubris, it is a psychological entity and as such should potentially be understood by science, as are other psychological phenomena.We do not diagnose those that we have not personally examined and we cannot diagnose an entire population, but perhaps we can bring clinical and scientific insights to help understand destructive behaviour As scientists and clinicians, we too must guard against hubris.Hopefully our colleagues will help us with that.JRMS should be applauded for exploring the issue.
Induction and Progression of Human Lymphoproliferative Lesions by Epstein-Barr Virus
Authors: Bettina Borisch Chappuis, Hans Konrad Muller-Hermelink
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1990)

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is involved in numerous lymphoproliferative diseases. In addition to classical lesions such as endemic Burkitt's lymphoma and infectious mononucleosis, there are other disorders of the lymphoid system that are discussed in relation to EBV: B-cell lymphomas in immunosuppressed individuals. Hodgkin's disease and, to some extent, primary extranodal lymphomas. Studies of the EBV expression in classical and nonclassical lesions could lead to the better understanding of different EBV mechanisms in lymphomagenesis.
The Pharmacists' Botany.
Journal: JAMA (1924)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Monoplace hyperbaric oxygen therapy for gas gangrene
Authors: D. L. Fowler
Journal: JAMA (1977)

Untreated gas gangrene is a fulminating infection that can lead to extensive tissue necrosis and death. Hyperbaric oxygen, when used with antibiotics and surgical debridement, can lead to decreased mortality. Nine patients with gas gangrene proven by positive clostridial cultures have been treated at St Luke's Hospital of Kansas City with a mortality of 11.1%. A case of gas gangrene developing from a perirectal abscess is presented. (<i>JAMA</i>238:882-883, 1977)
Acta Physiologica Latino Amer, Buenos Aires
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Aaron Marcus
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2005)

of cancer.We do not understand how locally secreted autacoids, with only a brief half-life, can exert a therapeutic effect on malignant cells (e.g., colon, head and neck, and bone metastases).For example, about 95 percent of infused prostaglandin E 2 is metabolized during one passage through the pulmonary circulation.Is the action of NSAIDs in cancer due to an effect on classical eicosanoids, or are there pathways of essential fatty acid metabolism yet to be identified?As discussed in the articles by Solomon et al. and Bresalier et al. in this issue of the Journal, trials of COX-2 inhibitors as prophylaxis against colonic polyps and colon cancer have been suspended because of an increased incidence of cardiovascular events.An example is the Adenoma Prevention with Celecoxib trial.In this study, patients ingesting 400 mg of celecoxib daily had an increased risk of myocardial infarction and stroke in comparison with patients who received placebo.These complications are driven by activated platelets; celecoxib cancels the platelet-inhibiting action of prostacyclin.However, this action cannot be the only reason for an increased risk of vascular events among patients who took celecoxib, perhaps because many more patients in clinical trials involving more than 1000 subjects should have had a cerebrovascular event.An alternative explanation is that the affected patients represented a subgroup with a low threshold for platelet activation that surfaced only after at least 18 months of treatment with the COX-2 inhibitor.Testing of platelet function in at least a fraction of the patients, to measure dose responses to a variety of agonists, has not been performed in these or other pioneering studies such as the aspirin component of the Physicians' Health Study.Such testing might reveal subgroups of patients with symptoms that could be described as resistance to aspirin or COX-2 inhibitors.Investigators with either a basic or a clinical interest in the metabolism of essential fatty acids and eicosanoid production have all such information at hand in this excellent compendium.
A prescription for better prescribing
Authors: Jeffrey K Aronson, Graeme Henderson, David J Webb, Michael D Rawlins
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Many medical students are unprepared to properly prescribe drugs after they qualify, argue Jeffrey K Aronson and colleagues. Will your training equip you with the skills you need? The final exams are over. The years of hard work at your United Kingdom medical school have paid off. You are ready to start foundation year 1. But a small anxiety emerges- are you prepared? In particular, are you properly trained in practical drug therapy and prescribing? We believe you may not be. In July we drew attention, yet again, to what we and many others perceive to be a serious problem in British medicine-poor prescribing.12 We emphasised that deficiencies are not confined to the UK, and three days later the Institute of Medicine in the United States independently expressed similar concerns.3 The chairman of the medical academic staff committee of the British Medical Association later concurred,4 and the Healthcare Commission urged the NHS to improve prescribing.5 Evidence of poor prescribing in the UK is abundant. Effective treatments, such as angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors for heart failure 6 and statins for hyperlipidaemia,7 are often under- prescribed. Prescription errors are common,8 especially when new doctors start work in hospitals.9 About 6.5% of admissions to hospital are related to adverse drug reactions, with an associated mortality of 0.15%; this costs the NHS £466m (€692m, $881m) annually.10 ### A prescription to improve prescribing
Hypoglycemia
Authors: R. Levine
Journal: JAMA (1974)

IT IS undoubtedly very attractive and satisfying to believe in one plausible and "scientific" biological explanation for feelings of fatigue, weakness, dizzy spells, and exhaustion. This set of symptoms is such a common affliction of mankind that it begs for an explanation in terms of an easily understood chemical change in the body. The modern concept is to blame it all on<i>low blood sugar levels</i>. There is no doubt that periods of true low blood sugar concentrations (hypoglycemia) may produce such symptoms, and, in those cases, raising the blood sugar level back to normal relieves the individual. Hypoglycemia means, literally, less sugar in the blood.<i>Thus, it is a laboratory finding, not a disorder</i>. However, soon after insulin came into therapeutic use (about 1924), it was found that a "low" blood sugar concentration causes a characteristic train of symptoms: anxiety, tremor, perspiration, dizziness, palpitations, confusion, lethargy, and ultimately loss
Differences in clinical characteristics and outcomes between white (W) and non-white (NW) patients with metastatic germ cell tumor (mGCT) treated at Indiana University (IU).
Authors: Manuel Ricardo Espinoza-Gutarra, Nasser H. Hanna, Lawrence H. Einhorn, Nabil Adra
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2021)

376 Background: Patients (pts) with mGCT are curable even when presenting at advanced stages, however its incidence is rising in NW populations. There is lack of data evaluating differences in disease characteristics and outcomes between W and NW pts. Methods: 701 pts with mGCT treated at IU with first-line chemotherapy (FLC) and 462 patients with relapsed mGCT treated with HDCT (high-dose chemotherapy) between 2004 and 2017 at IU were evaluated. Results: Pts treated with FLC had a median follow-up since diagnosis of 4.9 (0.03-19.46) years. 660 (94.1%) W pts and 41 (5.9%) NW (49% Hispanic, 26% Asian, 20% African American and 5% Native American). There were no significant differences in median age at diagnosis, rates of primary tumor site, pathology type (seminoma vs non-seminoma), metastasis sites, mortality, median hCG levels pre-chemotherapy, rates of progression after FLC, or late relapse rates. Higher rates of good risk disease and lower rates of poor risk disease were present among W compared to NW, as well as higher median AFP levels pre-chemotherapy and rates of platinum refractory disease in NW (p&lt;0.05). Patients treated with HDCT had a median follow up time of 2.08 (0.02-14.49) years since diagnosis. 412 (89.1%) were W and 50 (10.1%) were NW (48% Hispanic, 18% Asian, 26% African American, 2% Native American and 6% other). There were no significant differences in rates pathology type, disease risk, tumor markers, platinum refractory disease, completion of 2 cycles of HDCT, progression after HDCT or status at last follow up. W pts were more likely to receive HDCT as initial salvage chemotherapy compared to NW (P&lt;0.05). Conclusions: This single-institution study demonstrates that amongst patients undergoing FLC for mGCT, there were higher rates of poor risk disease and platinum refractory disease amongst NW patients. W patients were more likely to receive HDCT as initial salvage chemotherapy compared to NW patients. However these findings did not reflect a significant difference in disease progression or mortality. [Table: see text]
Somatic Fas Mutations in Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma: Association With Extranodal Disease and Autoimmunity
Authors: Kirsten Grønbæk, Per thor Straten, Elisabeth Ralfkiaer, Vibeke Ahrenkiel, Mette Klarskov Andersen, Niels Ebbe Hansen, Jesper Zeuthen, Klaus Hou-Jensen, Per Guldberg
Journal: Blood (1998)
Cartridge Syringe Aids Contrast Studies
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
DEHYDRATION AND ANHYDREMIA
Journal: JAMA (1924)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal