tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Highlights
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Fixed-Dose Combination Medication for CVD 918In a randomized trial of 2004 patients with or at risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), Thom and colleagues found that compared with usual care, a fixed-dose combination medication containing aspirin, a statin, and 2 antihypertensive agents improved medication adherence, systolic blood pressure, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels.In an Editorial, Gaziano discusses challenges in the use of a combination "polypill" to reduce CVD risk.
S-adenosylhomocysteine sensitizes to TNF-α hepatotoxicity in mice and liver cells: A possible etiological factor in alcoholic liver disease
Authors: Zhenyuan Song, Zhanxiang Zhou, Silvia Uriarte, Lipeng Wang, Y. James Kang, Theresa Chen, Shirish Barve, Craig J. McClain
Journal: Hepatology (2004)

In alcoholic liver disease, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) is a critical effector molecule, and abnormal methionine metabolism is a fundamental acquired metabolic abnormality. Although hepatocytes are resistant to TNFα-induced killing under normal circumstances, previous studies have shown that primary hepatocytes from rats chronically fed alcohol have increased TNFα cytotoxicity. Therefore, there must be mechanisms by which chronic alcohol exposure “sensitizes” to TNFα hepatotoxicity. S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH) is product of methionine in transsulfuration pathway and a potent competitive inhibitor of most methyltransferases. In this study, we investigated the effects of increased SAH levels on TNFα hepatotoxicity. Our results demonstrated that chronic alcohol consumption in mice not only decreased hepatic S-adenosylmethionine levels but also increased hepatic SAH levels, which resulted in a significantly decreased S-adenosylmethionine-to-SAH ratio. This was associated with significant increases in hepatic TNFα levels, caspase-8 activity, and cell death. In vitro studies demonstrated that SAH-enhancing agents sensitized hepatocytes to TNFα killing, and the death was associated with increased caspase-8 activity, which was blocked by a caspase-8 inhibitor. In addition, increased intracellular SAH levels had no effect on nuclear factor κB activity induced by TNFα. In conclusion, these results provide a new link between abnormal methionine metabolism and abnormal TNFα metabolism in alcoholic liver disease. Increased SAH is a potent and clinically relevant sensitizer to TNFα hepatotoxicity. These data further support improving the S-adenosylmethionine-to-SAH ratio and removal of intracellular SAH as potential therapeutic options in alcoholic liver disease. Supplementary material for this article can be found on the HEPATOLOGYwebsite (http://interscience.wiley.com/jpages/0270-9139/suppmat/index.html). (HEPATOLOGY 2004;40:989–997.)
Life Sciences, Oxford
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon-DNA Adducts and the CYP1A1 Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism
Authors: Peter G. Shields, Haruhiko Sugimura, Neil E. Caporaso, Stefano F. Petruzzelli, Elise D. Bowman, Benjamin F. Trump, Ainsley Weston, Curtis C. Harris
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1992)

Human cancer risk assessment at a genetic level involves the investigation of carcinogen metabolism and DNA adduct formation. Wide interindividual differences in metabolism result in different DNA adduct levels. For this and other reasons, many laboratories have considered DNA adducts to be a measure of the biologically effective dose of a carcinogen. Techniques for studying DNA adducts using chemically specific assays are becoming available. A modification of the 32P-postlabeling assay for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon DNA adducts described here provides potential improvements in quantification. DNA adducts, however, reflect only recent exposure to carcinogens; in contrast, genetic testing for metabolic capacity indicates the extent to which carcinogens can be activated and exert genotoxic effects. Such studies may reflect both separate and integrated risk factors together with DNA adduct levels. A recently described restriction fragment length polymorphism for the CYP1A1, which codes for the cytochrome P450 enzyme primarily responsible for the metabolic activation of carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, has been found to be associated with lung cancer risk in a Japanese population. In a subset of individuals enrolled in a U.S. lung cancer case-control study, no association with lung cancer was found.
(33) Cryoglobulinaemia
Authors: R.B. Fountain
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1978)

Journal Article (33) Cryoglobulinaemia Get access R.B. Fountain R.B. Fountain Lincoln County Hospital, Lincoln Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 99, Issue s16, 1 December 1978, Pages 63–64, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1978.tb15255.x Published: 01 December 1978
'Pigging Out'
Authors: Alexander R. Lucas
Journal: JAMA (1982)

A RANGE of dietary patterns in which a person varies his or her intake of food from excess to nothing may be far more common than is generally recognized. Postpubertal girls and women are chiefly affected. Perhaps it is less common in men because a degree of corpulence is more acceptable for them. There is no doubt that innumerable women control their weight at their desired level through fasting, vomiting, or purging—by means of laxatives, enemas, and diuretics—to compensate for overeating. The overeating may range from true bulimia and serious binge eating to moderate excesses incompatible with the maintenance of the desired trim figure. In Western society, a premium is currently placed on extreme thinness, particularly among women of upper socioeconomic groups. Stylish dresses and the popularity of pants for women emphasize the trend. It is possible that a similar expectation of thinness may eventually affect men, as suggested by
The sedimentation rate. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate; blood sedimentation rate
Authors: C. S. Hardison
Journal: JAMA (1968)

The sedimentation rate measures the rate of fall of erythrocytes in the plasma. The rate is accelerated when alterations in plasma protein fractions cause rouleau formation or aggregation of red blood cells due to change in physicochemical properties of plasma and erythrocyte surfaces. These aggregates fall faster than isolated erythrocytes because there is less total surface exposed to surrounding plasma. <h3>Methods</h3> Textbooks of clinical pathology contain details of the various methods of determining sedimentation rate and the normal values for each method. Disposable tubes are available, and a micromethod is useful for determining the sedimentation rate in infants. The Westergren and Wintrobe methods are most commonly used. Correction for anemia is regarded as inaccurate and is not commonly performed. Since the test is only roughly quantitative, minor variations from the normal values ought to be disregarded. Rates tend to be higher in children, in the elderly, and in adult women.
Textbook of Neurosurgical Nursing.
Journal: JAMA (1952)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
June 1981, vol 66, No. 6
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1981)

June 1981, vol 66, No. 6 Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 67, Issue 3, September 1981, Page 741, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/67.3.741 Published: 01 September 1981
Fatty Degeneration
Authors: William O. Robertson
Journal: JAMA (1964)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> While I would agree that the data and conclusions about obese adolescent girls ("Body Build and Obesity—Who Are the Obese?"<i>JAMA</i><b>189:</b>677 [Aug 31] 1964) are provocative, the issue remains in the "not proven" category. The concluding statements of the accompanying commentary on page 690 seem plagiarized from the late 18th century. Frankly, I am appalled at the implications (1) that obesity is not already seen as a "medical" problem, (2) that "medical" problems stem only from "anatomic and physiologic circumstances," but not from psychological ones, and (3) that, in 1964, any physician can see the obese patient as "just a glutton." Please reassure me that you simply intended to provoke—which, if you did, you succeeded in doing! Moreover, the statement, "obese subjects may be characterized as mesomorphic extreme polar endomorphs with extreme ectopenia" (p 678), deserves a particular prize for its "simplicity, lucidity, clarity, brevity,"
Tri-State Medical Society.
Journal: JAMA (1883)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Drug-related deaths among medical inpatients
Authors: J. Porter
Journal: JAMA (1977)

Among 26,462 carefully monitored medical inpatients, 24, or 0.9 per 1,000, were considered to have died as a result of a drug or group of drugs. Most of the patients were seriously ill prior to the event that caused death. Six of the deaths—five from fluid overload and one from excessive potassium therapy—may have been preventable. (<i>JAMA</i>237:879-881, 1977)
NEEDED MEASURES FOR THE PREVENTION OF DEAFNESS DURING EARLY LIFE
Journal: JAMA (1921)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Cryptococcal Cellulitis
Authors: John P. Gauder
Journal: JAMA (1977)

INFECTION with<i>Cryptococcus neoformans</i>, an encapsulated yeast-like fungus, is most often a subacute to chronic process that is thought to be acquired by invasion of the respiratory tract from which the organisms may spread hematogenously. The incidence of cutaneous involvement in cryptococcosis is approximately 10%.<sup>1</sup>Although there is no specific cutaneous manifestation of cryptococcal infection, a number of lesions have been reported with sufficient frequency that they may be considered to be characteristic of this infection. Traditionally, cellulitis has not been among these. This communication reports a compromised patient who had cellulitis that proved to be due to<i>Cryptococcus neoformans</i>. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 62-year-old woman receiving prednisone (40 mg/day) and azathioprine (100 mg/day) for chronic, active hepatitis was hospitalized because of a two-week history of back and leg pain and increasing weak-ness. On admission she was lethargic but oriented. Vital signs were normal except for an oral
Heliotherapy.
Journal: JAMA (1923)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Announcements
Authors: Donna P. Lisansky, Dorothy Hendel Clough, Massimo Biondi, Anna Costantini, Annamaria Parisi, E. Witzum, R. Bar-On, O.T. Dolberg, M. Kotler, Iulian Iancu, Moshe Kotler, Neil Lauffer, Pinhas Dannon, Elie Lepkifker, Franco Orsucci, Nicoletta Sonino, Giovanni A. Fava, B.E. Leonard, Peter Manu, Glenn Affleck, Howard Tennen, Priscilla A. Morse, Javier I. Escobar, Isao Fukunishi, Takashi Hosaka, Takayuki Aoki, Takaharu Azekawa, Arimitsu Ota, Hitoshi Miyaoka, Elsebeth Nylev Stenager, Nils Koch-Henriksen, Egon Stenager, Miranda A.L. Van Tilburg, Ad.J.J.M. Vingerhoets, Guus L. Van Heck, Clemens Kirschbaum
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1996)
Sodium phosphate enemas: how to kill cats, cause cardiac arrest, and cure eye rolling at Stanford
Journal: JAMA (1987)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The article by Martin et al<sup>1</sup>discussing the adverse effects of sodium phosphate enemas caught my attention because it gives credence to an observation made by a patient's wife several years ago, when I was a resident. <h3>Report of a Case.—</h3> It was early in the morning when the paramedics brought in a middle-aged man complaining of weakness. Evidently the patient had been due to come in to the hospital that very morning for some sort of a procedure and had suddenly become ill. When he was brought in he was having seizures, which were followed by asystolic cardiac arrest. Not far behind him was his wife, holding an empty sodium phosphate enema bottle and yelling, "This killed him, Doctor!" She told us that he was due to have a barium enema examination that morning and had prepared for it by giving himself two separate enemas. During
Consensus Conference on Brain Tumor Definition for Registration
Authors: Bridget J. McCarthy, Tanya Surawicz, Janet M. Bruner, Carol Kruchko, Faith Davis
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2002)

The Consensus Conference on Brain Tumor De nition was facilitated by the Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States and held on November 10, 2000, in Chicago, Illinois, to reach multidisciplinary agreement on a standard de nition of brain tumors for collecting and comparing data in the U.S. The Brain Tumor Working Group, convened in 1998 to determine the status of brain tumor collection in the U.S., outlined 4 recommendations of which the rst 2 guided the discussion for the Consensus Conference: (1) standardization of a de nition of primary brain tumors that is based on site alone, rather than on site and behavior, and that can be used by surveillance organizations in collecting these tumors; and (2) development of a reporting scheme that can be used for comparing estimates of primary brain tumors across registries.Consensus was reached on the collection of all primary brain tumor histologies found and reported in the brain or CNS ICD-O site codes (C70.0-C72.9 and C75.1-C75.3),including those coded benign and uncertain as well as those coded malignant.In addition, a comprehensive listing of histologies occurring in the brain and CNS, based
Abstract P229: Incidence of Acute Myocardial Infarction in First and Second Generation Migrants: Do Second Generation Migrants Converge Towards the Host Population?
Authors: Aloysia A van Oeffelen, Ilonca Vaartjes, Karien Stronks, L Bots, Charles Agyemang
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background Differences in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) incidence between migrants and the host population have been reported. Incidence may converge towards the host population over generations. We assessed whether AMI incidence differences between migrants and ethnic Dutch exist, and whether they converge towards ethnic Dutch over generations. Methods A nationwide register-based cohort study was conducted (n=7,601,785) from 1997 to 2007. Using Cox Proportional Hazard Models, AMI incidence differences between migrant groups and ethnic Dutch were estimated. If possible, analyses were stratified by generation. Results AMI incidence differences between migrants and ethnic Dutch depended on the migrant’s country of origin, and often varied between migrant groups originating from the same geographical region. For example, among North African and Mediterranean migrants, incidence was higher in Turkish (Hazard Ratio (HR):1·34;1·28-1·41), but lower in Moroccan migrants (HR:0·46;0·40-0·52) compared with ethnic Dutch. Most migrant groups had a similar or lower incidence than ethnic Dutch, which converged towards or exceeded the incidence in ethnic Dutch over generations. This was most profound in Polish and Chinese migrants (first generation Chinese: HR:0·51;0·42-0·62, second generation Chinese: HR:1·36;0·90-2·04). Conclusions Health care professionals and policy makers should be aware of substantial AMI incidence differences between migrant groups and the host population, and the often unbeneficial change over generations, most striking in some of Europe’s most expanding migrant groups (Polish, Chinese). Future research should be cautious when clustering migrant groups based on geographical region of the country of origin.
Management of psychosis and schizophrenia in adults: summary of updated NICE guidance
Journal: BMJ (2014)

would like to clarify a recommendation made under the "Care across all phases-physical health" section.The second bullet point in this section advises readers to "Be aware of the potential impact of reducing nicotine on the metabolism of other drugs, particularly clozapine and olanzapine."However, the authors have since been advised that it may cause confusion to say "reducing nicotine" in this context because it is the hydrocarbons in cigarette smoke that induce the metabolism of clozapine (and in some cases olanzapine).To avoid any potential misunderstanding, this sentence should have read: "Be aware of the potential significant impact of reducing cigarette smoking on the metabolism of other drugs, particularly clozapine and olanzapine.
SOME HAZARDS AT CHRISTMASTIME
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal