tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Biological Monitoring of Genotoxic Hazard in Workers of the Rubber Industry
Authors: Massimo Moretti, Milena Villarini, Giuseppina Scassellati-Sforzolini, Silvano Monarca, Michele Libraro, Cristina Fatigoni, Francesco Donato, Cesidio Leonardis, Laura Perego
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1996)

Biological monitoring of genotoxic hazard in the rubber industry was performed in 19 male workers and 20 age-matched controls in a local health unit in northern Italy.Peripheral blood lym- phocytes were analyzed for the presence of DNA damage (single-cell microgel-electrophoresis, or comet assay) and for cytogenetic parameters (sister chromatid exchanges and micronuclei frequency, and proliferative rate index).The following bioassays were performed in urine samples: a) mutagenicity test and concentration of thioethers as markers of exposure, and b) excretion of D-glucaric acid and 6-f3-hydroxycortisol (related to 1 7-hydroxycorticosteroid excretion) as indicators of the inductive status of the microsomal enzyme system (phase-I).The exposed subjects showed statistically higher mean values of 1 7-hydroxycorticosteroids and micronuclei and lower values of 6-f-hydroxycortisol than controls, when taking cigarette smoking into account.The comet assay showed higher values for migration distance in exposed subjects than controls, although the differences were not significant at a p-value of 0.05.These findings suggest that industrial exposure in the rubber processing industry may cause genetic damage and may modify the activity level of some enzymes; these results should be considered with caution due to the small number of subjects enrolled.
Correction to Author’s Academic Degrees
Authors: Jonathan Santoro, Kelli Paulsen
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2020)

Zerui Wang, MD, PhD; Katelyn Becker, MS; Vincenzo Donadio, MD, PhD; Sandra Siedlak, MS; Jue Yuan, MS; Masih Rezaee, MD; Alex Incensi, MSc; Anastasia Kuzkina, MD; Christina D. Orrú, PhD; Curtis Tatsuoka, PhD; Rocco Liguori, MD; Steven A. Gunzler, MD; Byron Caughey, PhD; Maria E. Jimenez-Capdeville, PhD; Xiongwei Zhu, PhD; Kathrin Doppler, MD; Li Cui, MD, PhD; Shu G. Chen, PhD; Jiyan Ma, MD, PhD; Wen-Quan Zou, MD, PhD
Association News
Journal: JAMA (1920)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Medical Research Council trial of treatment of hypertension in older adults: principal results. MRC Working Party.
Journal: BMJ (1992)

OBJECTIVE--To establish whether treatment with diuretic or beta blocker in hypertensive older adults reduces risk of stroke, coronary heart disease, and death. DESIGN--Randomised, placebo controlled, single blind trial. SETTING--226 general practices in the MRC general practice research framework. SUBJECTS--4396 patients aged 65-74 randomised to receive diuretic, beta blocker, or placebo. Patients had mean systolic pressures of 160-209 mm Hg and mean diastolic pressures less than 115 mm Hg during an eight week run in and were not taking antihypertensive treatment. INTERVENTION--Patients were randomised to atenolol 50 mg daily; hydrochlorothiazide 25 mg or 50 mg plus amiloride 2.5 mg or 5 mg daily; or placebo. The regimens were adjusted to achieve specified target pressures. Mean follow up was 5.8 years. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--Strokes, coronary events, and deaths from all causes. RESULTS--Both treatments reduced blood pressure below the level in the placebo group. Compared with the placebo group, actively treated subjects (diuretic and beta blocker groups combined) had a 25% (95% confidence interval 3% to 42%) reduction in stroke (p = 0.04), 19% (-2% to 36%) reduction in coronary events (p = 0.08), and 17% (2% to 29%) reduction in all cardiovascular events (p = 0.03). After adjusting for baseline characteristics the diuretic group had significantly reduced risks of stroke (31% (3% to 51%) p = 0.04), coronary events (44% (21% to 60%), p = 0.0009), and all cardiovascular events (35% (17% to 49%), p = 0.0005) compared with the placebo group. The beta blocker group showed no significant reductions in these end points. The reduction in strokes was mainly in non-smokers taking the diuretic. CONCLUSION--Hydrochlorothiazide and amiloride reduce the risk of stroke, coronary events, and all cardiovascular events in older hypertensive adults.
Paternalism, family duties, and my Aunt Maude
Authors: S. H. Miles
Journal: JAMA (1988)

LAST year, my 94-year-old great-aunt moved into a nursing home. Blind and frail, housekeeping was too much for her and she would not tolerate live-in aides. She lived as a recluse in her room in the friendly nursing home; nurses could not entice her out to eat or socialize. Fear of falling confined her to her rocking chair and bed. She went to bed clothed and resented the obligatory weekly bath and the nurses' efforts to do up her hair. She was not depressed; she spoke warmly with family callers, especially the nephew who managed her affairs. Like many who have attained great age, Maude expressed surprise at having lived so long. She did not want to die but was prepared for death. Her will was made out. She had appointed her nephew (my father) to manage her affairs. Through a durable power of attorney, she appointed my father and
Sensitivity test may aid in avoiding 'poison' plant-induced dermatitis
Authors: M. F. Goldsmith
Journal: JAMA (1984)

A research project that will soon get under way in the Los Padres National Forest near Santa Barbara, Calif, may make outdoor recreation activities a lot safer and more comfortable for people throughout the country. Using a patch test kit developed by William L. Epstein, MD, professor and chair of dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, School of Medicine, under contract with the Department of Agriculture's Forest Service Equipment Development Center in Missoula, Mont, approximately 300 to 400 men and women who work in the woods will determine their sensitivity to poison oak and poison ivy. West of the Rocky Mountains, poison oak is the name for the ubiquitous North American plant containing the phenollike compound urushiol. It is this oil in the plant's sap that causes the redness, blisters, and interminable itching that makes so many summertime pursuits so memorable. Dissimilar looking— although still illustrating the old admonition "leaves
Monocyte antigens may cause graft rejection
Authors: E. Pease
Journal: JAMA (1981)

Monocyte cross matching should be done before patients undergo renal transplantation, according to James Cerilli, MD, professor of surgery at Ohio State University. The technique involves obtaining an almost pure monocyte preparation from the kidney donor's WBCs and mixing this preparation with the recipient's serum. Then, Cerilli says, "You look to see if there is anything in the serum that kills those cells." This technique, he adds, is only moderately more difficult than standard cross matching. During the annual meeting of the American Society of Transplant Surgeons in Chicago, Cerilli reported on a preliminary study designed to evaluate the relationship between renal allograft survival and results of monocyte cross matching. "We attempted to show," he explains, "that patients who have antibody to [donor] monocytes do poorly, even when all the other immunologic parameters predict an excellent outcome." Earlier investigations by Peter Stastny, MD, of the University of Texas at Dallas
Blood contacts during surgical procedures
Authors: A. L. Panlilio
Journal: JAMA (1991)

Operating room personnel are at risk for infection with blood-borne pathogens through blood contact. To describe the nature and frequency of blood contact and its risk factors, trained observers monitored a sample of operations performed by six surgical services at Grady Memorial Hospital, Atlanta, Ga, for 6 months. In 62 (30.1%) of 206 operations, at least one blood contact was observed. Of 1828 operating room person-procedures observed, 96 (5.3%) had 147 blood contacts (133 skin contacts [90%], 10 percutaneous injuries [7%], and four eye splashes [3%]). The mean number of blood contacts per 100 personprocedures was highest for surgeons (18.6). The frequency of percutaneous injury was similar among surgeons and scrub staff (mean, 1.2 per 100 workerprocedures for each group). Risk factors for surgeons' blood contacts were (1) performing a trauma, burn, or orthopedic emergency procedure (odds ratio [OR], 4.1; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.0 to 8.7); (2) patient blood loss exceeding 250mL ([ill] 2.1; 95% CI, 1.2 to 3.7); and (3) being in the operating room longer than 1 hour (OR, 3.3; 95% CI, 1.6 to 7.1). Of 110 blood contacts among surgeons, 81 (74%) were potentially preventable by additional barrier precautions, such as face shields and fluid-resistant gowns. Twenty-one (84%) of 25 blood contacts among surgeons in procedures in which all three risk factors were present were potentially preventable by additional barriers. Of 29 blood contacts among anesthesia and circulating personnel, 20 (69%) would have been prevented by glove use. For surgical procedures in which operating room personnel are at increased risk of blood contact, reevaluation of surgical technique, use of appropriate barrier precautions, and development of punctureresistant glove materials are indicated. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1991;265:1533-1537)
Agranulocytosis
Authors: Neal S. Young
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>SELECTED CASES</h3><h3>Patient 1</h3> A 60-year-old man with moderately severe congestive heart failure secondary to cardiomyopathy was treated with an experimental inotropic drug, vesnarinone (Otsuka America, Rockville, Md), known to be associated with agranulocytosis. Blood cell counts were monitored weekly. Ten weeks after beginning treatment, the total white blood cell count, previously normal, was 2.6×10<sup>9</sup>/L with an absolute neutrophil count of 1.282×10<sup>9</sup>/L The patient was not symptomatic. The experimental drug was discontinued. Two days later the absolute neutrophil count was 0.396×10<sup>9</sup>/L. The patient was hospitalized for observation. A bone marrow aspirate showed absence of mature granulocytes and myeloid precursor cells. The patient was treated with oral cephalexin. Fever occurred to a temperature of 38.6°C (101.4°F), leading to withdrawal of an intravenous catheter. Over a week both total white blood cell and neutrophil numbers returned to normal. <h3>Patient 2</h3> A 75-year-old woman with severe congestive
Section 20.—Reiter's Syndrome
Journal: JAMA (1973)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Muscular Dystrophies
Authors: Wayne S. Zundel, Frank H. Tyler
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1965)

Facioscapulohumeral Dystrophy (FHS, Landouzy-Dejerine)The inheritance of this disorder is autosomal dominant, with complete penetrance but variable expression.58 Therefore, half the children of a dystrophic parent have dystrophy without regard to sex. Most of the patients have minimal or moderate disability. Because of this the presence of the trait may be difficult for the physician to recognize and often remains completely unrecognized by the patient or his relatives. Indeed, in our experience, competent neurologists and orthopedic surgeons who have little experience with this type of dystrophy have frequently overlooked the minimal but characteristic signs that are obvious to the experienced . . .
PERIARTERIAL SYMPATHECTOMY
Authors: R. W. McNEALY
Journal: JAMA (1926)

[Editorial Note.—This paper, together with the paper by Drs. Cutler and Fine, which follows it, concludes the symposium on "Sympathectomy." In our last issue we published the three papers by Drs. Forbes and Cobb, Dr. Ranson, and Drs. Davis and Kanavel.] Periarterial sympathectomy has been widely practiced during the last few years. Dealing as it does with a surgical attack on that enigmatic portion of our anatomy the sympathetic or autonomic nervous system, it has had the stimulating effect so commonly generated by research activities in comparatively unknown fields. The application of periarterial sympathectomy, or periarterial histonectomy, as Schilf<sup>1</sup>prefers to designate the procedure, as surgical therapy has evoked many pertinent questions as to the correctness of the physiologic hypothesis on which it is founded. The first person to perform periarterial sympathectomy was Jaboulay,<sup>2</sup>who in 1889 removed the periarterial tissues from the femoral artery for the cure
SERUMTHERAPY IN HEMOGLOBINURIA.
Journal: JAMA (1905)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Epileptic dizziness.
Authors: J Kogeorgos, D F Scott, M Swash
Journal: BMJ (1981)

Clinical and electroencephalographic features and the response to treatment of 30 patients with episodic dizziness due to epilepsy were noted. The symptom consisted of a brief episode of disequilibrium, often with a sensation of rotation, without evident precipitating factors or sequelae. A history of "absences" or other features suggestive of temporal lobe epilepsy was elicited in over half the patients, and seven (almost a quarter) had had one or more generalized seizures before presentation. Electroencephalography showed a posterior temporal lobe focus in all but two patients, and there was a family history of epilepsy in six. Response to treatment with phenytoin or carbamazepine was good in most patients. Epilepsy should be considered in the differential diagnosis of episodic dizziness or vertigo, especially in young people.
The future of medicine. The role of the consumer
Authors: J. S. Millis
Journal: JAMA (1969)

As representative of the universities and medical schools of the United States, I congratulate the University of Nebraska Medical Center on the important occasion of its 100th anniversary. But may I remind you that, when a university or a medical school achieves an age of 100 years, a century, it really only attains its majority. This can be compared, perhaps, with attaining the age of 21 for the individual. You see, therefore, that the University of Nebraska Medical Center has merely gone through infancy and part of the teens. It is an occasion to rejoice about, but it is not an occasion to feel any pangs of incipient senility. I am reminded of the fact that the span of years that has been covered by the history of this university and this medical school has been a very exciting century within the area of medicine and medical education. It has
ESOBRONCHIAL FISTULA POST SLEEVE GASTRECTOMY SUCCESSFULLY TREATED BY ENDOSCOPIC SUBMUCOSAL DISSECTION AND OVER THE SCOPE CLIP
Authors: M Pioche, T Ponchon, J Rivory
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

A 28 years old patient who underwent a SG complicated 2 days later by a gastrobronchial fistula, with sub-phrenic and pulmonary abscess. Drainage and closure by endoscopic OTSC failed and an esophago-jejunal anastomosis was performed. One month after, the CT scan found a re-permeabilization of the fistula between the oesophago-jejunal anastomosis and the pulmonary abscess. The patient was referred to our unit for an endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) around and into the fistula tract followed by closure with OTSC. The removal of the cicatricial mucosa by ESD favored new healing. Three months later the fistula was cured.
Making a difference in adolescent health
Authors: M. J. Elders
Journal: JAMA (1993)

It has been said that a society is ultimately judged by its attention to its weakest members. While not our weakest, adolescents are perhaps the most vulnerable members of our society, as they make the transition from childhood to adulthood. Adolescence is a period of profound change. More changes take place in anatomy and physiology, mental and emotional functioning, and social development during adolescence than in any other life stage except infancy. The attitudes and behaviors molded during adolescence often determine the life-style and health habits of adulthood, creating long-term health implications. Improving the health status of adolescents is critical to improving the health status of the population. How well are we doing as a society in attending to the health needs of adolescents? Consider the leading mortalities and morbidities of today's youth: Injury and violence account for three of four adolescent deaths.<sup>1</sup> Homicide is the second leading cause of
Relationships of Changes in Height, Weight and Body Mass Index to Changes in Blood Lipids From Age 8 to 18 Years: Project Heartbeat!
Authors: Jihong Zong, Darwin R Labarthe, Ronald Harrist, Shifan Dai, William H Mueller
Journal: Circulation (2001)

P64 Background: To study the relationships of changes in anthropometric variables - height, weight, and body mass index (BMI) - to changes in blood lipids (TC, LDL-C, HDL-C and TG) in children and adolescents aged from 8 to 18 years. Methods and Results: Cohorts of three different age levels 8, 11 and 14 years at baseline were enrolled in the study. Each member of these three cohorts was examined three times per year for up to four years. The composition of the study population and the descriptive statistics for the continuous variables at baseline were summarized. Ethnicity was categorized as Black (21.1%) and non-Black (79.9%). Non-Black includes White (74.6%), Hispanic (3.7%), Asian (1.0%) and American Indian (0.6%). The relationships of changes in anthropometric variables and in blood lipids were evaluated by adding height, weight, or BMI and associated interaction terms separately to the basic age-sex models, derived in previous analyses. A multilevel modeling technique was used. Likelihood ratio tests were conducted by calculating the deviation of -2log(likelihood) within the basic model and alternative models. Height or height gain had significant negative associations with changes in TC, LDL-C and HDL-C with estimated coefficients of -0.763, -0.448 and -0.301, respectively. The estimated coefficients between weight gain and changes in TC, LDL-C and TG were 0.337, 0.370 and 0.1473, respectively, and -0.305 for HDL-C. The estimates of relationships between changes in BMI and in TC, LDL-C, HDL-C and TG were 2.122, 1.884, -0.885 and 4.673, respectively. An interaction between weight (or BMI) and ethnicity was significant in the models for triglycerides only. Sex-Age interactions were significant in most models. Effective effects of race were significant in the models for LDL-C, HDL-C and TG. Conclusions: The results of this longitudinal analysis indicated a very strong association between increasing BMI and changes in blood lipids within the period of childhood and adolescence. These findings have implications for assessing changes in blood lipids, especially among those experiencing the greatest increases in BMI.
A STRABISMOMETER
Authors: J. L. Bressler
Journal: JAMA (1934)

Early in September 1933 an orthoptic clinic for the treatment of squint was started at the Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary. From the beginning, the greatest difficulty with which we were confronted was the getting of accurate measurements of the angle of deviation. The development of the instrument described here occurred following a suggestion made by Dr. Leo L. Mayer, a member of our staff. In our opinion this instrument has many distinct advantages over the perimeters previously used for this purpose. We first used the ordinary table model perimeter and later Schweigger's hand perimeter. Both of these instruments have obvious faults, which interfered with an accurate determination of the angle. Our new instrument has eliminated many of these objectionable features. Its advantages are as follows: The instrument slides up and down in a tubular weighted stand. It can be firmly fixed at any desired height to accommodate varying heights