tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
BCG VACCINATION
Authors: ESMOND R. LONG
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1954)

Editorial1 September 1954BCG VACCINATIONESMOND R. LONGESMOND R. LONGSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-41-3-647 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptVaccination against tuberculosis with BCG has been a debated subject for many years. The majority of the large number of investigators who have expressed themselves on the subject are favorable and many are highly enthusiastic toward its use. A minority, influential in professional standing, have opposed it, or at least urged caution and delay until further study furnishes unequivocal evidence of both its safety and value.Part of the argument centers on the fact that BCG vaccine consists of live bacteria. The microörganism employed is an avirulent mutant from an originally virulent strain of tubercle bacillus, and in any long-range...1 Irvine KN: BCG vaccination in theory and practice, 1949, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, England. Google Scholar2 VandiviereWillisMelvinGentry HMHSIWH: New techniques in the comparative study of BCG and R1 , Trans. 49th Annual Meeting, Nat. Tuberc. Assn., 173-176, 1953. Google Scholar3 Myers JA: BCG vaccination, Am. Rev. Tuberc. 57: 107-109, 1948. MedlineGoogle Scholar4 Levine MI: Deficiencies in our knowledge of BCG vaccine, Dis. of Chest 21: 513-520, 1952. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5 : Statement on BCG, Am. Rev. Tuberc. 60: 681-682, 1949. Google Scholar6 AndersonPalmer RJCE: BCG, J. A. M. A. 143: 1048-1051, 1950. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar7 : The present status of vaccination in tuberculosis control programs, Dis. of Chest 19: 110-111, 1951. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar8 YuanPalmer ICE: The WHO Tuberculosis Research Office, Pub. Health Rep. 68: 678-686, 1953. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar9 The BCG story. 16 mm. motion picture. Color and sound. Produced by the National Tuberculosis Association and Research Foundation (Chicago), 1954. Google Scholar10 : Production and distribution of BCG vaccine in U. S. A., Am. Rev. Tuberc. 65: 647-648, 1952. MedlineGoogle Scholar11 RosenthalLeppmann SRM: BCG vaccination in a tuberculosis control program in infants, children and adults, Trans. 49th Annual Meeting, Nat. Tuberc. Assn., 161-168, 1953. Google Scholar12 AronsonSokoloff JDMJ: Reaction to BCG vaccine according to race and age, Trans. 47th Annual Meeting, Nat. Tuberc. Assn., 131-139, 1951. Google Scholar13 Wallgren A: Zur Frage der Tuberkulose-Schutzimpfung, Beitr. z. Klin. d. Tuberk. 101: 295-315, 1948. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByPresent-day management of tuberculosisTuberculosis 1 September 1954Volume 41, Issue 3Page: 647-652KeywordsBacille calmette guerinBacillusBacteriaSafetySafety studiesVaccines Issue Published: 1 September 1954 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Sequential chemotherapy in Her 2/<i>neu</i> + metastatic breast cancer (MBC): A retrospective single institution analysis
Authors: M. Rosenzweig
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

8257 Background: Traztuzumab (T) shows a clear benefit when added to chemotherapy as treatment for first line Her2 (+) MBC. The usefullness of T therapy + chemotherapy after first line treatment failure is not defined, Methods: Retrospective repeated measures design of record analysis of MBC HER 2/neu + established (2 or more visits) patients from MWH/UPCI from Jan 1999 through Sept 2003. Time to progression (TTP) measured by time to treatment change, integrating clinical and radiographic patient data. Results: Of total 310 patient MBC cohort, n=92 Her 2neu+ patients were analyzed. Forty-three patients are deceased. Mean age at metastatic diagnosis was 51 yoa. First Line Chemotherapy + T Fifty-six Her 2 neu+ patients received chemotherapy as first line metastatic treatment, n=12 without H, n=44 with H. Docetaxel/Carbo (DC+T) (n=21) was the most heavily utilized chemotherapy regimen with TTP 13.5 months and minimal toxicity. Seven different first line chemo regimens + T were well tolerated with no cardiac dysfunction. Sequential Chemotherapy Following first line treatment failure with chemotherapy and T, sequential chemotherapy +/- T utilization in Her 2/neu+ patients was analyzed. Vinorelbine (V) +T was the most commonly used chemotherapy, with benefit (TTT>6 months) even in late stage treatments. Additionally there is anecdotal evidence of benefit (TTP>6 months) with docetaxel +T, capecitabine+T and gemcitabine + T in up to 8th line salvage MBC chemotherapy. Conclusions: T with chemotherapy has benefit as therapy for Her2 (+) MBC patients in this single institution retrospective cohort. There is extended TTP, even beyond first line treatment. Toxicities are manageable and cardiac toxicity is minimal. In order to maximize T's therapeutic potential. chemotherapeutic regimens + T must be analyzed. Mean TTP (months) in Sequential Chemotherapy with and without Traztuzumab. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Highlights
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2013)

Schizophrenia Symptoms After Sodium Nitroprusside 668In this proof-of-concept, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial, Hallak and colleagues investigated the e ectiveness of a single intravenous administration of sodium nitroprusside (0.5g/kg/min for 4 hours) on the positive, negative, anxiety, and depressive symptoms in patients with schizophrenia taking currently available antipsychotics.A very rapid improvement of symptoms with minimal adverse effects was observed after sodium nitroprusside infusion.Significant differences in 8-item Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale scores between patients treated with placebo and patients treated with sodium nitroprusside persisted for 4 weeks postinfusion.In an editorial, Coyle discusses nitric oxide and symptom reduction in schizophrenia.
Data Incorrect.
Journal: JAMA (1993)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatic injury is associated with global dna hypomethylation and homocysteinemia: Effect of s-adenosylmethionine treatment*1
Authors: G VARELAMOREIRAS
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

Carbon tetrachloride (CC14) administration to rats produces hepatic cirrhosis and supplementation with S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) can partially prevent CCl4-induced liver injury. These effects are thought to be caused by oxidative stress and the subsequent formation of free radicals, but the mechanism whereby this occurs and the accurate nature of the mechanisms by which SAM exerts its protective action are not well understood. The effect of short-term administration of CC14on hepatic DNA methylation and on SAM and S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH) were assessed. CCl4 administration to rats for 3 weeks resulted in hypomethylation of liver DNA, determined by comparing the extent to which DNA from livers of control or treated animals could be methylated in vitro using [3H-methyl] SAM as methyl donor. This CC14 effect on DNA methylation was corrected by the administration of SAM (10 mg/kg/d, intramuscularly), with values of methyl groups incorporation comparable with those observed in the control animals. Hepatic SAM was decreased by CCl4 (65.3 ± 5.27 vs. 102.2 ± 4.89 μmol/g; P < .05) and SAH was increased (69.5± 14.6 vs. 29.4± 3.83 nmol/g; P <.05). This led to a marked reduction of the SAM/SAH ratio (the methylation ratio) from 3.47 in control rats to 0.94 in CC14-treated animals (P < .05). SAM treatment partially prevented (P < .05) the reduction of the ratio SAM/SAH induced by CC14. CC14 also induced a marked elevation of serum homocysteine levels (more than 20-fold; P < .001), which was partially prevented by SAM administration. A decrease in serum methionine concentration was also observed (20.87 ± 1.76 vs. 31.25 ± 2.37 μmol/L; P < .05) in response to CCl4, whereas cystathionine levels remained unchanged. Hepatic folate was reduced by CC14 (11.2 ± 2.1 vs. 17.6 ± 1.8 μmol/L; P < .05) and SAM treatment prevented this effect (P < .05). Hepatic glutathione (reduced form) and the activity of the enzyme SAM synthetase, which have been found to be reduced after the administration of CC14 to rats for longer periods, were unchanged after treatment with the hepatotoxic agent for only 3 weeks. It is proposed that CCl4 disrupts the distribution of homocysteine between remethylation and its degradation via the transsulphuration pathway and that SAM, by resetting the methylation ratio, restores this equilibrium.
Fibrillin-1 and -2 differentially modulate endogenous TGF-β and BMP bioavailability during bone formation
Authors: Harikiran Nistala, Sui Lee-Arteaga, Silvia Smaldone, Gabriella Siciliano, Luca Carta, Robert N. Ono, Gerhard Sengle, Emilio Arteaga-Solis, Regis Levasseur, Patricia Ducy, Lynn Y. Sakai, Gerard Karsenty, Francesco Ramirez
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2010)
Transfer Reaction Inhibited in Immune Lymph Node Cells of Rabbits
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Epidemiology of the American Indians' burden and its likely genetic origins
Authors: M Carey
Journal: Hepatology (2002)

It was not known until recently whether the endemic of cholesterol gallstones among certain southwestern American Indian tribes was unique among this ethnic group. With use of ultrasonography of the gallbladder and standard diagnostic criteria, gallstones are now found in epidemic proportions in 13 diverse American Indian tribes and communities living in Arizona, Oklahoma, and the Dakotas. We speculate that this predisposition is polygenic involving “thrifty” genes that conferred survival advantages when Paleo-Indians migrated from present-day Siberia to the Americas during the last Great Ice Age approximately 50,000 to 10,000 years ago. A reasonable hypothesis is that functioning of these genes promoted more efficient calorie utilization and storage in the form of adipose tissue. Beneficial results would have been operative during the isolation of Paleo-Indians in the Bering Strait land bridge (Beringia) when thrifty genes would have ensured sufficient fat reserves for survival of prolonged winters, successful pregnancy outcomes, and extended lactation periods. The authors' conjoint work on genetics of experimental cholesterol cholelithiasis in inbred mice promises help in pinpointing orthologous genetic loci (LITH genes) in the human genome. Moreover, the shared environments and homogeneity of American Indian tribes and communities should facilitate discovery of the ensembles of their common and rarer cholesterol gallstone genes. It is anticipated that knowledge of expression, polymorphisms, and functionality of LITH genes will help resolve the molecular mechanisms of this complex heterogeneous trait and thereby provide targets for novel therapies to prevent cholesterol cholelithiasis worldwide. (HEPATOLOGY 2002;36:781-791.)
Sexually transmitted diseases may reverse the `revolution'
Journal: JAMA (1986)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Minnesota State Medical Society.
Authors: E J Davis
Journal: JAMA (1884)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Treatment of pancreatic cancer
Authors: R. A. Malt
Journal: JAMA (1983)

ADENOCARCINOMA of pancreatic ductal cells is almost always fatal. Despite many thousands of pancreatoduodenectomies during the last 40 years, fewer than 100 cured patients are known. The past 20 years have produced only about 50 five-year survivors among 1,250 patients treated for cure (4% rate), and many of those have later died of recurrent cancer. To the contrary, some patients counted as cures have only been explored, not resected. Thus, the traditional logic of oncological surgery—resecting local disease and the pathways of its local spread and nodal metastases—dictates ineffective treatment of pancreatic cancer because the disease is usually systemic by the time of diagnosis. Progress requires (1) identifying the causes of pancreatic cancer so as to minimize them, (2) detecting the cancer while it is localized, (3) devising effective nonsurgical therapy for residual local disease and suppression of metastases, and (4) ensuring valid assessments of surgical and nonsurgical treatments by
El hemoneumotorax espontaneo
Journal: JAMA (1941)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Insuring Latinos against the costs of illness
Authors: R. B. Valdez
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To examine the determinants of health insurance coverage for Latinos in the United States and how different targeted strategies for health care reform differentially affect the country's major ethnic groups, focusing on the implications for the Latino population. <h3>Design.</h3> —Data from the 1980 and 1990 Current Population Surveys were used to compare the insurance status of nonelderly (&lt;65 years) Latinos with the Anglo (non-Hispanic white), black, and Asian and other populations by estimating the attributable fraction for selected covariates. The effects of health care reform strategies on the coverage of the major ethnic groups were simulated from these data. <h3>Main Outcome Measures.</h3> —Percentage uninsured, percentage insured by Medicaid, and attributable fraction for covariates. <h3>Results.</h3> —Latinos have the worst health insurance coverage of any ethnic group in the country. Approximately 39% of Latinos are uninsured compared with 13.8% for the Anglo and 24% for the black population. Providing coverage to all the poor could reduce the uninsured rate for Anglos by about 23%, whereas the reduction among Latinos could be about 37% and among blacks about 42%. Similar reductions could be achieved by covering all workers and their minor dependents. Regardless of the approach to reform, however, Latinos would remain with high absolute rates of uninsured. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —Differences in Medicaid eligibility, labor force characteristics, and family composition between Latinos and other ethnic groups suggest that policy initiatives may affect Latinos differently. Targeted strategies, such as employer mandates, "pay-or-play" programs, or Medicaid expansions, can improve coverage, but many Latinos could still remain uninsured. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1993;269:889-894)
iNKT cells require TSC1 for terminal maturation and effector lineage fate decisions
Authors: Jinhong Wu, Jialong Yang, Kai Yang, Hongxia Wang, Balachandra Gorentla, Jinwook Shin, Yurong Qiu, Loretta G. Que, W. Michael Foster, Zhenwei Xia, Hongbo Chi, Xiao-Ping Zhong
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2018)
Staphylococcal Infections in Hospitals
Authors: André J. Nahmias, Theodore C. Eickhoff
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1961)

The EnvironmentThe environment may be broadly defined as the totality of inanimate objects with which people may come in direct or indirect contact. Contamination of the environment with bacteria, and more specifically Staphylococcus aureus, has been found to occur in virtually every area of the hospital. In general patient-care areas, Staph. aureus has been recovered from such items as clothes, mattresses, pillows, blankets, laundry, curtains, walls, floors, bed frames, bassinets and cleaning equipment. Common articles of personal hygiene, such as combs, toothbrushes and razors, may also be heavily contaminated. An ordinary bar of soap, without disinfectant additives such . . .