tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
EPILEPSY, AND CERTAIN TYPES OF EPILEPTIFORM ATTACKS
Journal: JAMA (1920)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Cardioversion 125 times without necrosis
Authors: C F Corke
Journal: BMJ (1981)

British National Formulary 1981 on p 150- not p 159 as misprinted in Dr Finch's letter) is that prophylaxis with sulphonamides is indicated only for known sulphonamidesensitive strains.This is emphasised in the article by Jones and Abbott2 (the actual drug to be used for chemoprophylaxis is not mentioned in the paper by De Wal et a13 quoted by Dr Finch and Mr Gilbey).Jones and Abbott note the high prevalence of sulphonamide resistance in group A strains and the 20-25 ( ' , resistance found in other sero-
Poor diagnostic accuracy of blood igG4/igG RNA ratio for discriminating igG4-related disease from pancreatic or biliary cancer (DIPAC): a prospective cohort study
Authors: Elsemieke de Vries, Floor Tielbeke, Lowiek Hubers, Jeltje Helder, Nahid Mostafavi, Joanne Verheij, Jeanin van Hooft, Paul Fockens, Marc Besselink, Niek de Vries, Ulrich Beuers
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2020)
Beneficial effect of pharmacological modulation of the GABAA-benzodiazepine receptor on hepatic encephalopathy in the rat: Comparison with uremic encephalopathy
Authors: P Steindl
Journal: Hepatology (1991)

Hepatic encephalopathy is ameliorated by drugs acting on the central GABAA-benzodiazepine receptor complex. To investigate whether these effects are specific for hepatic encephalopathy or just reflect a nonspecific arousal reaction, various benzodiazepine antagonists like flumazenil or with inverse agonistic properties (Ro 15-4513, Ro 15-3505) were studied in uremic encephalopathy in rats after bilateral ureteral ligation (n = 20) and compared with hepatic encephalopathy caused by thioacetamide-induced acute liver failure (n = 33). As soon as the animals developed clear signs of metabolic encephalopathy, their motor activity was recorded in an animal activity meter for 10 min. Furthermore, a composite score was calculated by grading various behavioral signs from 0 = absent to 3 = apparently normal. Rats were then injected with coded preparations of Ro 15-4513 (0.5, 2.5 and 5 mg/kg body wt intraperitoneally), flumazenil (2.5, 10, 25 and 40 mg/kg), Ro 15-3505 (10 mg/kg) or vehicle, and the measurements were repeated. The code was broken after the completion of the study. Pretreatment motor activity was decreased both in hepatic and uremic encephalopathy (20.7 ± 6.4 [S.E.M.] and 41.3 ± 37.1 movements/10 min). In hepatic encephalopathy motor activity and the composite score were improved both by 5 mg/kg Ro 15-4513 (by 293%, p < 0.05) and by 10 mg/kg Ro 15-3505 (by 509%, p > 0.01), whereas vehicle and flumazenil had no effects. In uremic encephalopathy neither drug was effective in improving the neurobehavioral status. These results indicate that the amelioration of neurobehavioral symptoms both by Ro 15-4513 and Ro 15-3505 seems to be specific for hepatic encephalopathy and is consistent with the hypothesis that hepatic encephalopathy is associated with an increased GABA-ergic tone. (HEPATOLOGY 1991;14:963–968.)
Recertification
Authors: Myron Melamed
Journal: JAMA (1976)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I read the article by Dr Brewer entitled "Guidelines for Recertification" (235:725, 1976) with a sense of scientific indignation. Nobody has ever established that reexamination by any method has any correlation with quality of patient care. There is also significant question as to whether routine postgraduate study to obtain a certain number of "points" has any value in this regard. The logistics for routine postgraduate education are mind-boggling when one considers the cost involved in physician time and expenses for a few hundred thousand doctors. One can seriously question who should be the examiner and the examinee when physicians of considerable experience are involved. It would seem that a medical audit system for physicians in hospital practice would determine the presence or absence of quality patient care when physicians are judged by their peers of departmental committees. This could be done in
Abstract 3154: Tumor expression of Activin A is associated with clinical outcomes in patients with colorectal cancer
Authors: Nobuya Daitoku, Yuji Miyamoto, Yuki Sakamoto, Kojiro Etoh, Yukiharu Hiyoshi, Yohei Nagai, Masaaki Iwatsuki, Takatsugu Ishimoto, Yoshifumi Baba, Shiro Iwagami, Naoya Yoshida, Hideo Baba
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Background: Activin A is a member of the transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) superfamily. Activin A shows an extensive variety of biological activities, including mesoderm induction, bone remodeling, muscle atrophy. Activin A is also related to Smad 2/3 mediated cancer development and metastasis. The overexpression of Activin A has been reported in several types of cancers and high expression of Activin A leads to poor prognosis. We examined the relationship between tumor expression of Activin A and clinical outcomes in patients with colorectal cancer. Methods: AACR Annual Meeting 2019 We analyzed the association between tumor expression of Activin A and clinicopathological features and patient’s prognosis in 157 primary colorectal cancers, which were curatively resected between 2008 and 2012. The expression level of Activin A was measured in tumor tissue by quantitative RT-PCR. Patients were categorized into the high or low groups based on median expression value of Activin A and Kaplan-Meier survival analyses were performed to display difference in overall survival (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS) between two groups. The between-group differences were assessed by the log-rank test and stepwise multivariate Cox regression analysis was used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for OS. Result: RT-PCR analysis showed that expression of Activin A was significantly higher in tumor areas compared with that in normal (p&amp;lt;0.001). Activin A was highly expressed in the rectal cancer (p=0.015). Other clinicopathological factors were not significantly correlated with Activin A expression. Patients with Activin A high-expressed colorectal cancers showed a significantly shorter OS and RFS than those with activin A low-expressed tumor (5-year OS: Low 79.2% vs High 63.8%, p=0.037). High expression of Activin A is an independent predictor of poor prognosis in patients with colorectal cancers after curative surgery (Low vs High, HR=5.558, 95%CIs=2.229-15.17, AACR Annual Meeting 2019 p=0.003). Conclusion: We concluded that high Activin A expression in tumor is associated with poor prognosis in colorectal patients. Citation Format: Nobuya Daitoku, Yuji Miyamoto, Yuki Sakamoto, Kojiro Etoh, Yukiharu Hiyoshi, Yohei Nagai, Masaaki Iwatsuki, Takatsugu Ishimoto, Yoshifumi Baba, Shiro Iwagami, Naoya Yoshida, Hideo Baba. Tumor expression of Activin A is associated with clinical outcomes in patients with colorectal cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 3154.
Effect of insulating existing houses on health inequality: cluster randomised study in the community
Journal: BMJ (2007)

Objective To determine whether insulating existing houses increases indoor temperatures and improves occupants' health and wellbeing.Design Community based, cluster, single blinded randomised study.Setting Seven low income communities in New Zealand.Participants 1350 households containing 4407 participants.Intervention Installation of a standard retrofit insulation package.Main outcome measures Indoor temperature and relative humidity, energy consumption, self reported health, wheezing, days off school and work, visits to general practitioners, and admissions to hospital.Results Insulation was associated with a small increase in bedroom temperatures during the winter (0.5°C) and decreased relative humidity (-2.3%), despite energy consumption in insulated houses being 81% of that in uninsulated houses.Bedroom temperatures were below 10°C for 1.7 fewer hours each day in insulated homes than in uninsulated ones.These changes were associated with reduced odds in the insulated homes of fair or poor self rated health (adjusted odds ratio 0.50, 95% confidence interval 0.38 to 0.68), self reports of wheezing in the past three months (0.57, 0.47 to 0.70), self reports of children taking a day off school (0.49, 0.31 to 0.80), and self reports of adults taking a day off work (0.62, 0.46 to 0.83).Visits to general practitioners were less often reported by occupants of insulated homes (0.73, 0.62 to 0.87).Hospital admissions for respiratory conditions were also reduced (0.53, 0.22 to 1.29), but this reduction was not statistically significant (P=0.16). ConclusionInsulating existing houses led to a significantly warmer, drier indoor environment and resulted in improved self rated health, self reported wheezing, days off school and work, and visits to general practitioners as well as a trend for fewer hospital admissions for respiratory conditions.Trial registration Clinical Trials NCT00437541.
Methadone and l-methadyl acetate. Use in management of narcotics addicts
Authors: J. H. Jaffe
Journal: JAMA (1971)

Ten volunteer patients participating in a methadone hydrochloride maintenance program were assigned randomly to experimental (five patients) or control (five patients) groups. These patients had been in treatment for several months and had been stabilized (had no change of dose for at least three weeks) with methadone prior to inclusion in the study. Patients in the experimental group were given l-methadyl acetate (l-α acetylmethadol) on weekends and methadone on weekdays. Patients in the control group were given methadone each day. Clinic attendance, requests for change in medication, and scores on an opiate-withdrawal test instrument did not reveal differences between groups. Clinical observers blind to the experiment were unable to discriminate experimental and control patients. No untoward reactions were observed in either group. These preliminary observations suggest that l-methadyl acetate can be interchanged repeatedly with methadone without difficulty.
Interleukin-2 and Lymphokine-Activated Killer Cells in 15 Children With Advanced Metastatic Neuroblastoma
Authors: S. Negrier, J. Michon, D. Floret, E. Bouffet, J.C. Gentet, I. Philip, P. Cochat, D. Stamm, J. Costil, M. Gaspard, G. Andreu, P. Palmer, C.R. Franks, J.M. Zucker, J.L. Bernard, W.H. Fridman, M. Favrot, T. Philip
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1992)

The institutional support statement regarding the report "Interleukin-2 and Lymphokine-Activated Killer Cells in 15 Children With Advanced Metastatic Neuroblastoma" (J Clin Oncol 9:1363–1370, 1991) should have read as follows: "Supported by the Association pour la Recherche contre le Cancer grant no 6243, Inserm grant reseau no 486022, and Ligue Nationale Francaise Contre le Cancer Comite de Paris grant no RS-01/88."
DR. SENN'S GIFT TO RUSH MEDICAL COLLEGE AND HIGH STANDARDS OF MEDICAL EDUCATION.
Journal: JAMA (1900)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
“Official ERS technical standards: Global Lung Function Initiative reference values for the carbon monoxide transfer factor for Caucasians.” Sanja Stanojevic, Brian L. Graham, Brendan G. Cooper, Bruce R. Thompson, Kim W. Carter, Richard W. Francis and Graham L. Hall on behalf of the Global Lung Function Initiative <i>T</i><sub>LCO</sub> working group. <i>Eur Respir J</i> 2017; 50: 1700010.
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2020)
Medical school and student characteristics that influence choosing a generalist career
Authors: C. J. Martini
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To identify predictors in medical schools that can be manipulated to affect the proportion of graduates entering generalist practice. <h3>Design and Participants.</h3> —Cross-sectional and retrospective studies of medical schools and practicing generalist physicians; surveys of MD-granting and DO-granting medical schools; site visits to nine schools with a high proportion of graduates becoming generalist physicians; surveys of national samples of MD and DO generalist physicians. <h3>Independent Variables.</h3> —Characteristics of medical schools, including structural characteristics, financing, mission, admissions policies, student demographics, curriculum, faculty, and the production of generalist physicians; information on personal characteristics, background, perceptions, and attitudes of practicing generalist physicians. <h3>Dependent Variable.</h3> —Estimated proportion of graduates of the classes of 1989, 1990, and 1991 in family practice, general internal medicine, and general pediatrics. <h3>Results.</h3> —Institutional mission, certain admissions policies, characteristics of entering students, and the presence of a primary care—oriented curriculum explained statistically significant variation in the number of physicians choosing generalist careers, even after the structural characteristics of public or private status, age of the school, and class size were controlled for statistically. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> — Public and institutional policies, where implemented, have had a positive effect on students' choice of generalist careers. The most influential factors under the control of the medical school are the criteria used for admitting students and the design of the curriculum, with particular emphasis on faculty role models. Personal social values was the individual characteristic that most strongly influenced graduates' career choice. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1994;272:661-668)
Pruritus Ani, Recurring After Plastic Operation for Its Cure.
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
Molecular Diagnosis of Familial Adenomatous Polyposis
Authors: Steven M. Powell, Gloria M. Petersen, Anne J. Krush, Susan Booker, Jin Jen, Francis M. Giardiello, Stanley R. Hamilton, Bert Vogelstein, Kenneth W. Kinzler
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1993)

Familial adenomatous polyposis is an inherited disease characterized by multiple colorectal tumors. The diagnosis has classically been based on the detection of multiple colorectal adenomas. The recent identification of germline mutations of the APC gene in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis makes presymptomatic molecular diagnosis possible, but the widespread distribution of the many mutations within this very large gene have heretofore made the search for such mutations impractical. We describe a novel approach that allows molecular genetic diagnosis in the majority of patients with the disease.We screened 62 unrelated patients from the Johns Hopkins Familial Adenomatous Polyposis Registry for germline APC mutations. Primary screening was accomplished by analysis of protein synthesized in vitro from surrogate APC genes. In addition, the relative amount of transcript from each APC allele was determined with an allele-specific--expression assay.The protein assay revealed truncated protein in 51 of the 62 patients (82 percent). In 3 of the 11 remaining patients, the allele-specific--expression assay revealed significantly reduced expression of one allele of the APC gene. The use of these two assays in combination successfully identified germline APC mutations in 87 percent of the 62 patients.The protein and allele-specific--expression assays provide a practical and sensitive method for molecular diagnosis of familial adenomatous polyposis. This approach will facilitate care, allowing routine testing of subjects at risk and genetic confirmation of spontaneous mutations.
The environment and the lung. Changing perspectives
Authors: J. M. Samet
Journal: JAMA (1991)

The focus of public health concern and research in regard to environmental lung diseases has changed across the century. Illustrative agents include radon, indoor asbestos, environmental tobacco smoke, acidic aerosols, and oxidant gases. Tremendous progress has been made in understanding and preventing environmental lung diseases. However, we remain concerned about adverse consequences of breathing polluted outdoor and indoor air. In the persistent concerns about adverse effects of polluted air on the lung, a new emphasis is pervasive; the focus has shifted from avoiding clinical disease among highly exposed individuals to protecting the population from an unacceptable burden of risk. The technique of quantitative risk assessment has become increasingly important for characterizing the safety of environmental agents. The resulting emphasis on the final risk projection and attendant uncertainties may overly emphasize gaps in our knowledge. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1991;266:670-675)
Laparoscopy (Continued)
Authors: Stephen L. Larson
Journal: JAMA (1973)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In response to the letter of Dec 18, 1972, of Drs. Wadhwa and McKenzie, (222:1558, 1972) those of us doing laparoscopy are most appreciative for their pointing out the advantages for this procedure. However, in the last half of their letter, they have pointed to serious complications that can occur when the laparoscope is used. As is true for any procedure, the complication rate varies with experience. By way of comparison, in our practice, we have accomplished more than 400 laparoscopies. The majority of these cases have been for elective sterilization. The procedures were all carried out by Board Certified Gynecologists who have had extensive training and instruction in this procedure. In reaping the benefits of such training, we have observed the following lack of complications: In no instance has a patient returned for further surgery, and no bowel perforations have occurred. We have found no pulmonary
Use of urinary cotinine to estimate exposure to tobacco smoke
Authors: R. D. Barlow
Journal: JAMA (1988)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Sepkovic and colleagues<sup>1</sup>report that the half-life of cotinine in nonsmokers is 2.7 times that in smokers and that this difference "precludes a direct extrapolation to 'cigarette equivalents of smoke uptake' from a single measurement of urinary cotinine."<sup>1,2</sup>This conclusion seems unjustified since, even if there is a difference, once the magnitude of the difference has been established this can be taken into account when estimating the relative exposures of smokers and nonsmokers to tobacco smoke. In addition, there appears to be an error such that the difference is less than 2.7-fold. While the report by Sepkovic et al<sup>1</sup>reports a mean half-life of 18.5 hours (n = 10) for smokers and 49.7 hours for nonsmokers (n = 4), yielding a ratio of 2.7, the data presented in the figure that accompanies the report show that the half-life is about 27 hours for the nonsmokers rather