tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Food for thought
Authors: E. O. Ellis
Journal: JAMA (1985)

Hunger in our country has become a recurring theme. The 1985 report of the Physician Task Force on Hunger in America speaks of hunger as a growing epidemic.<sup>1</sup>In the opinion of the task force, hunger and its attendant malnutrition and illness are more widespread and serious than at any time in the past ten to 15 years. These findings are reminiscent of the decade of the 1960s. During this period a report entitled<i>Hunger, U.S.A.</i><sup>2</sup>was presented by the Citizens Board of Inquiry Into Hunger and Malnutrition. A major finding was that hunger did exist and that the school lunch and food stamp programs failed to reach the poorest of the poor. In 1969 the White House Conference on Nutrition made key recommendations, which included establishment of a system of surveillance and monitoring of the state of nutrition, more emphasis on the nutrition of vulnerable groups, and
Normal ranges
Authors: P. Sedgwick
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Researchers used cardiac magnetic radial images with radial long axis orientation to establish normal ranges of left ventricular function. Participants were 40 apparently healthy people (20 men, average age 32.3 years, age range 19-58; 20 women, average age 37.4 years, age range 21-54). Investigations were conducted using a steady state free precession pulse sequence.1 Measurements of left ventricular function included end diastolic volume adjusted for body surface area. Men had a sample mean volume of 90.9 mL/m2 (standard deviation 14.3) and women 80.7 mL/m2 (11.2). Normal ranges for left ventricular volume were calculated as two standard deviations either side of the sample mean. The normal ranges for left ventricular end diastolic volume were 62.3-119.5 mL/m2 for men and 58.3-103.1 mL/m2 for women. Which of the following statements, if any, are true?
Bacillus Taberculosis.—
Journal: JAMA (1883)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
SYMPTOMS DUE TO THE PRESENCE OF CATS.
Journal: JAMA (1905)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Diphtheritic Myocarditis
Authors: Norman H. Boyer, Louis Weinstein
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1948)

DIPHTHERIA has shown a striking rise in incidence over the entire world in the last five years. Although the rate of occurrence in the United States as a whole has remained at a static level during this period, some parts of the country have experienced a disturbing increase. In Massachusetts, for example, the number of cases has risen from 123 in 1941 to 439 in 1946 and 440 in 1947. This change, together with the prevalence of the disease in the armed forces in various areas of the world during the war, has aroused again an interest in the study . . .
POSTAL CHECK SYSTEM.
Journal: JAMA (1906)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Accuracy of Guestimates
Authors: Iain McLean, C Mary Anderson, Cath White
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2003)

At times a clinician must describe the size of a lesion when measurement presents difficulties. A 'guestimate' may then be recorded. We tested the accuracy of forensic clinicians (10 physicians and 1 nurse) in guestimating the sizes of ten test objects, comparing their performance with 13 individuals from other professions. The participants were permitted to handle the objects but not to use a measuring device. For three of the objects (a balloon, a scratch and a coin) the entire sample of participants significantly overestimated size, by 13-22%. Both participant groups overestimated the size of a scratch, the clinicians being more accurate but not significantly so. Guestimates should be avoided unless the use of a ruler or tape measure will be against the interests of the client.
MRD May Predict Relapse in NSCLC
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2020)

Abstract Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) may be a useful biomarker for minimal residual disease (MRD) in patients with early-stage non–small cell lung cancer—and MRD may be a good predictor of relapse. In the TRACERx study, a ctDNA assay confirmed MRD negativity in more than 99% of patients—and detected MRD in patients who relapsed before their disease was picked up by standard imaging.
SHIP SURGEONS
Authors: R. R. Rentoul
Journal: BMJ (1910)

Diagrams of stable and metastable equilibria iin unary systems are derived by projecting pressure-temperature-Gibbs free energy models onto the pressure-temperature plane. For each point on this plane there exists a stability sequence, which is defined as a sequence of all the phase assemblages possible at that point, arranged in order of increasing stability. Phase assemblages with comparable relative stabilities are combined into stability levels, the first of which is the stable phase diagram. A unary system with phi phases has phi stability levels. A single pressure-temperature-Gibbs free energy model suffices for the derivation of diagrams for each phi &lt; or =5, but many models are necessary for each phi &gt;5.
Drug therapy achieves most success in hypertension control
Authors: M. Korcok
Journal: JAMA (1981)

Physicians who rely on nonpharmacologic means to control hypertension are wasting a lot of time and achieving little success in lowering the blood pressures (BP) of their patients, a Canadian physician told a national conference on prescribing held at Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York. Furthermore, among those physicians who do prescribe medications, too few prescribe aggressively enough, and too many fail to get patient compliance. The result, said R. Brian Haynes, MD, assistant professor of clinical epidemiology and biostatistics at McMaster University Medical Center in Hamilton, Ontario, is that in only about 30% of hypertensives does treatment result in normalization of BP, despite the fact that most such patients can be successfully treated with available medications. "Studies show," said Haynes, "that fully 98% of physicians recommend weight reduction in overweight patients, and over 90% say they recommend salt restriction to help control blood pressure. "These admonitions are simple
A Text-Book of Surgery.
Journal: JAMA (1902)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
REPORTS OF OFFICERS
Journal: JAMA (1928)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Carcinogenic, Teratogenic, and Mutagenic Effects of Arsenic
Authors: Vladimir Bencko
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1977)

This review outlines briefly the history and present status of the problem of carcinogenic, teratogenic and mutagenic effects of arsenic. Discrepancies between clinical observations and positive results of epidemiological studies and the experimental induction of cancer by arsenic are discussed. The present knowledge of the mechanism of teratogenic and mutagenic effects of arsenic is analyzed. The growing importance of arsenic as an environmental pollutant is demonstrated. Continuation of throughly organized epidemiological studies in regions with excessive arsenic exposure of the population and standardization of an epidemiological approach to this problem on an international basis are recommended. New approaches in experimental studies of the carcinogenicity of arsenic in combination with other known or suspected carcinogens are recommended as well.
Acute Renal Failure
Authors: John P. Merrill
Journal: JAMA (1970)

Acute renal failure implies acute suppression of L kidney function. Urine volume is usually less than 400 cc/24 hr, but it need not be. A well-recognized syndrome is transient decrease in renal function and increasing azotemia, with 2 to 3 liters of urine excreted per day. The broad etiologic classification of acute renal failure into three arbitrary categories, (1) prerenal, (2) renal, and (3) postrenal, is useful, particularly since many varieties of both prerenal and postrenal failure are immediately reversible if detected early.<sup>1</sup> <h3>Prerenal Failure</h3> The key to the management of acute renal failure is prophylaxis. The common denominator of reversible prerenal failure is decreased plasma volume, accounting for reduction of renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate. Its hallmark is the excretion of small volumes of concentrated urine. Loss of blood and of plasma (following body burns) and other severe depletion of extracellular fluid volume (vomiting, diarrhea) account
Medical Ethics
Authors: Bernard Gert
Journal: JAMA (1984)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In their article, "Medical Ethics' Assault Upon Medical Values," Clements and Sider<sup>1</sup>argue that "the currently dominant school in medical ethics, that of a patient autonomy-rights model based in rationalist philosophy and liberal political theory, has been used to subvert values intrinsic to medicine." The authors then attack our views as one representation of this dominant school. However, the author's characterization of our view suggests that readers of this article have been presented with an extremely distorted account of current medical ethics. They claim that we "assume the primary value of autonomy," but we never use the term<i>autonomy</i>at all and, in fact, are opposed to the use of that term because it has no clear ordinary meaning. Furthermore, they claim that we hold that "paternalism's negative connotation derives from the overriding value of autonomy." This is not our view at all; no statement remotely
Some cautionary notes on prescribing allopurinol
Authors: H. Page
Journal: JAMA (1982)

A warning was sounded at the Pan-American Rheumatology Congress in Washington, DC, regarding hypersensitivity to allopurinol. Joyce Z. Singer, MD, a rheumatology fellow at the State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, reviewed the records of eight patients with allopurinol hypersensitivity treated at her institution and at the Brooklyn Veterans Administration Hospital from 1976 to 1981, as well as reports on an additional 68 hypersensitive patients that have appeared in the literature since 1970. Three of the eight, and 17 of the 68, died of their reactions to the drug, she found, and the majority of the patients in these two series should not have received allopurinol in the first place. Many did not show the usual indications for receiving the drug (generally showing only asymptomatic hyperuricemia). Moreover, a substantial number were at particular risk for hypersensitivity reactions because they were undergoing diuretic therapy and had impaired renal
Prune-belly syndrome in a 54-year-old man
Authors: S. M. Lee
Journal: JAMA (1977)

A 54-year-old man was diagnosed as having prune-belly syndrome, a deficiency of abdominal musculature, cryptorchidism, abnormalities of the urinary tract, and chronic renal failure. The patient was asymptomatic until the diagnosis was made at the age of 54 years; he is one of the oldest living patients to be reported in detail. Recognition of the syndrome in adults with chronic renal failure is important. (<i>JAMA</i>237:2216-2217, 1977)
Correction
Journal: Circulation (2006)

systolic anterior motion grade should not have the unit mm Hg but instead should be unitless.Thus, the abstract should read, "Mean SAM grade decreased significantly more after surgery (from 2.9Ϯ0.3 to 0.5Ϯ0.7 versus from 2.8Ϯ0.05 to 1.3Ϯ0.9,PϽ0.05)," instead of, "Mean SAM grade decreased significantly more after surgery (from 2.9Ϯ0.3 to 0.5Ϯ0.7 mm Hg versus from 2.8Ϯ0.05 to 1.3Ϯ0.9mm Hg, PϽ0.05)."
REMOVAL OF THE TONSILS—VACCINIA
Journal: JAMA (1922)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
F-18 FDG Positron Emission Tomographic Imaging in Bilateral Iliopsoas Abscesses
Authors: Chan H Park, Myoung-Hoon Lee, Chang-Guan Oh
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2002)

From the Departments of Nuclear Medicine* and General Surgery, † School of Medicine, Ajou University, Suwon, Korea Received for publication December 17, 2001. Accepted January 22, 2002. Correspondence: Chan H. Park, Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Ajou University, San 5, Wonchon-dong, Paldal-gu, Suwon 442-749, Korea. E-mail: [email protected]
The Ikaros gene, a central regulator of lymphoid differentiation, fuses to the BCL6 gene as a result of t(3;7)(q27;p12) translocation in a patient with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
Authors: Yoshitaka Hosokawa, Yumiko Maeda, Ryo Ichinohasama, Ikuo Miura, Masafumi Taniwaki, Masao Seto
Journal: Blood (2000)
Peer Review
Authors: Jerome P. Kassirer
Journal: JAMA (1994)

PEER REVIEW is not perfect, and when it is done sloppily, journals publish research that is flawed. Even when peer review is rigorous, flawed research sometimes gets into the literature. Journals have long relied on peer review, yet concerns about its limitations have often been expressed.<sup>1-4</sup>Critics point out that some reviewers are unqualified and others, because of personal or professional rivalry, are biased. Editors may even select reviewers on the basis of the reviewers' biases. Furthermore, two or more reviewers may have widely discrepant opinions about a study. Critics also make the point that peer review not only fails to prevent the publication of flawed research but also permits the publication of research that is fraudulent. Some have described peer review as arbitrary, subjective, and secretive. In addition, many critics (including some of the popular press) maintain that it is simply unnecessary and slows the communication of information
Pelvic Sympathectomy
Authors: G. G. Lennon
Journal: BMJ (1947)

septic and the wound taking some time to heal.As the hernial sac contained a mass of omentum, is it possible that this immediate improvement is caused by improved pancreatic circulation ?Vasodilatation follows the administration of nicotinamide, as shown by flushing of the face, etc., and it is suggested that apart from the role of nicotinic acid in carbo- hydrate metabolism the beneficial effects of this drug in diabetes mellitus may partially be due to improved pancreatic circulation, and that this effect will vary with the dosage.The patient is now in good health and has lost 11 lb. (5kg.) in weight.He was a heavy beer-drinker prior to his admission, but he now drinks only a pint a day, and this may be a contributory factor in maintaining the improvement.I would be glad to hear your readers' views on the above case.-Iam, etc.,
Ethical Philanthropy in Academic Psychiatry
Authors: Laura Weiss Roberts
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2006)

Objective: From an ethical perspective, psychiatrists cannot accept gifts of significant monetary value from their patients. This guideline raises important questions regarding institutional practices related to gift-giving in academic psychiatry. The first aim of this article is to explain the ethical tensions and shared ethical commitments of the professions of psychiatry and philanthropy. The second aim is to outline a series of steps that may be undertaken to assure ethical philanthropic practices within an institution, including the establishment of a committed advisory workgroup and the creation of ground rules and safeguards for gift-giving. Each situation should be evaluated for "ethical risk," and specific measures to safeguard donors should be considered. Method: The author outlines methods to manage, minimize, or eliminate conflict of interest issues, including identification and disclosure of conflicting interests, role separation, goal clarification, confidentiality protections, proper timing, and ongoing oversight. Three case illustrations are provided and discussed. Results: The process of institutional engagement, dialogue, and shared problem-solving is especially important. A shared, constructive ethic will be attained only if leaders and diverse stakeholders communicate the value of the new approach through their words, expectations, and actions. Conclusions: Through these efforts, greater attention will be given to the concerns of people with mental illness, and academic institutions may be better able to fulfill their responsibilities to this important but neglected population now and in the future.