tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Low phospholipid arachidonic acid values in diabetic platelets.
Journal: BMJ (1983)

Platelet aggregation is enhanced in diabetes mellitus, and platelets may be implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetic angiopathy.Increased platelet aggregation is probably mediated by the production of the proaggregatory prostaglandin thromboxane, which is synthesised from arachidonic acid (C20:4) by the action of the platelet enzymes cyclo-oxygenase and thromboxane synthetase.The fatty acid composition of platelet phospholipid was measured in 20 normal controls, 10 insulin-treated diabetics with no or minimal retinopathy, and 10 insulintreated diabetics with proliferative retinopathy.The percentage of arachidonic acid was significantly higher in controls (mean 22-6%) than in the diabetics with no or minimal retinopathy (mean 18 5%; p <0 025) and the diabetics with proliferative retinopathy (mean 14 6%; p <0 001).The percentage of linoleic acid was lower in controls (mean 8-9%) than in the diabetics with no or minimal retinopathy (mean 12 6%; p <0 01) and diabetics with proliferative retinopathy (mean 13 1%; p <0 001).The mean percentage of linolenic acid was significantly lower in the diabetics with proliferative retinopathy (2-7%) than in the normal control group (444%; p <001).A significant negative correlation was found between the percentages of arachidonic acid and
DEFINITIONS EMPLOYED BY THE COMMISSION
Journal: JAMA (1959)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Washington University School of Medicine. A century of success
Authors: W. A. Peck
Journal: JAMA (1991)

Great medical schools of the 20th century nurture the creative energies of incredibly gifted students, teachers, investigators, practitioners, and community servants. Their development attests to the diligence of wise thinkers and planners-true visionaries who made bold, imaginative choices. In 1891, however, not even the most daring visionary would have predicted greatness for the newly created Medical Department of Washington University, then one of nearly a dozen medical colleges in St Louis alone. It was during the first decade of this century that the leadership of Washington University resolved to build an outstanding medical school. Although many contributed, much credit can be assigned to three men: Robert Summers Brookings, chairman of the Washington University Corp; David F. Houston, chancellor of the university; and Abraham Flexner, pioneer reformer of American medical education as representative of the Carne
Serum creatinine, urea, and protein level changes in hydatidiform mole
Authors: M. Pour-Reza
Journal: JAMA (1974)

In a study of nonprotein nitrogen, total protein albumin, and globulin levels in 25 patients with hydatidiform mole, serum creatinine and urea concentrations were found to be significantly increased and total protein and albumin levels decreased. These levels, compared with those found among 150 healthy women in the first trimester of pregnancy, appear to confirm reports that protein deficiencies favor occurrence of hydatidiform mole. (<i>JAMA</i>230:580-581, 1974)
A1.26 Pro-inflammatory FCRL4+ memory B cells in joints of RA patients; immunoglobulin gene characteristics and antigen specificity
Authors: K Amara, L Yeo, N Sippl, E Clay, J Spengler, P Titcombe, A Filer, K Raza, V Malmström, D Scheel-Toellner
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background and objectives</h3> We have recently identified a subset of pro-inflammatory memory B cells in RA synovial fluid and tissue, characterised by the expression of Fc receptor-like 4 (FcRL4). These cells produce RANKL, and express high levels of TNFα mRNA, indicating a destructive, pro-inflammatory role. Their immunophenoptype suggest that they are activated B cells; however, they show no signs of differentiation towards plasmablasts, suggesting that their functional role does not involve antibody production. The aim of this project was to investigate the characteristics of their immunoglobulin genes and determine whether their B cell receptors recognise autoantigens. <h3>Methods</h3> Single FcRL4-positive and -negative B cells were sorted from synovial tissue (n = 2) and synovial fluid (n = 5) of patients with active RA. Their Ig variable region genes were sequenced and subsequently expressed to generate recombinant monoclonal antibodies. Antigen specificities of the generated monoclonal antibodies were determined by ELISA. <h3>Results</h3> In total, we have cloned and sequenced B cell receptors from 332 individual B-cells (171 from FcRL4+ and 160 from FcRL4- cells). Ig gene sequence analysis demonstrated that the Ig repertoire was highly diverse with no major differences in the <i>IGH</i> and <i>IGK</i> or <i>IGL</i> gene segment usage or <i>IGH</i> CDR3 features between FcRL4+ and FcRL4- memory B cells. The prevalence of mutations, suggesting somatic hypermutation and selection in germinal centres, was equivalent in the FcRL4+ and FcRL4- populations. From the sequenced clones we have generated recombinant monoclonal antibodies from both FcRL4<sup>+</sup> (n = 29) and FcRL4<sup>–</sup> B cells (n = 26) and have determined their specificity for citrullinated candidate autoantigens. A similar proportion of recombinant antibodies derived from the FcRL4<sup>+</sup> and FcRL4<sup>-</sup> B cell populations (23% and 24% respectively) reacted with citrullinated antigens (including α-enolase, fibrinogen, vimentin and histones) <h3>Conclusion</h3> We conclude that memory B cells from both the FcRL4+ and FcRL4- populations are post-germinal centre hypermutated B cell subsets with similar Ig gene features. Their antigen specificity suggests that these functionally distinct B subpopulations both emerge from the autoantigen driven immune response in the inflamed joint.
Increase in Influenza Predicted for Coming Season
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is not frequently related to chronic hepatitis in liver allografts , Liver Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

This study sought to determine which prognostic index was the most efficient to predict early (1-month) mortality of patients undergoing orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT).This retrospective study included 63 patients including 49 males and 14 females of overall median age 51.6 ± 9.7 years who were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) of a tertiary hospital. The Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) death risk, Child-Pugh, Charlson, and Model for End-stage Liver Disease (MELD) indices pre-OLT and post-OLT were analyzed by generation of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves to determine the area under the ROC curve (AUC), as a predictive factor for each index. The level of significance was set at P < .05.The general 1-month posttransplantation mortality rate of OLT patients was 19% (n = 12 p). The AUC was 0.81 (confidence interval [CI] = 0.66–0.96; sensitivity = 72.5; specificity = 83.3) for APACHE II death risk; 0.74 (CI = 0.57–0.92; sensitivity = 76.5; specificity = 66.7) for MELD post-OLT; 0.70 (CI = 0.54–0.85; sensitivity = 64.7; specificity = 66.7) for Child-Pugh; 0.57 (CI = 0.36–0.78; sensitivity = 74.5; specificity = 50.0) for Charlson; and 0.50 (CI = 0.32–0.69; sensitivity = 98.0; specificity = 16.7) for MELD Pre-OLT.Among the studied indices, the APACHE II death risk scoring system was the most effective to predict early mortality after OLT.
Phase I study of bexarotene and rosiglitazone in patients with refractory cancers
Authors: W. L. Read, R. Govindan, J. James, J. Picus
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

3165 Multiple preclinical studies have demonstrated that molecules binding to the PPAR-γ receptor can slow growth and promote differentiation of malignant cells. Rosiglitazone (R) is a high affinity PPAR-γ ligand currently marketed for treatment of insulin resistant diabetes. After binding ligand, the PPAR-γ receptor heterodimerizes with the RXR receptor. Bexarotene (B) is a specific RXR ligand which has cytostatic properties similar to those of PPAR-γ agonists in vitro. Ligands of RXR and PPAR-γ are synergistic when administered together, causing differentiation and apoptosis of malignant cells. This combination may also have antiinflammatory properties. Both B and R have low toxicity. We are investigating the tolerability and safety of B and R in a phase 1 dose escalation study in patients with refractory solid tumors. Patients receive a fixed daily dose of B at 300 mg/m2 together with an escalating daily dose of R. All patients also take atorvastatin to prevent B-induced hyperlipidemia. A cycle is 21 days. Patients continue treatment until disease progression or intolerable toxicity. To date 16 patients have enrolled on treatment, receiving R at 4, 6, 8 or 10 mg/day. 11 patients have completed 1 or more cycles. Of these, 3/11 had grade 3 (1000–2000 mg/dl) and 4/11 grade 2 (500–1000 mg/dl) hypertriglyceridemia despite weekly escalation of atorvastatin to 80 mg/day. Of the 6 who did not complete 1 cycle, 3 had progressive disease, 2 stopped because of disease related symptoms (chest pain, hematuria) and 1 stopped because of grade 2 fatigue which resolved after stopping study drugs. No hypoglycemia or liver function abnormalities have been seen. W have seen no responses in these heavily pretreated patients. Once a dose is determined, the synergistic B+R combination could be studied in tumors where B alone is useful, such as cutaneous lymphoma and non small cell lung cancer. Another group of tumors might be those in which PPAR-γ receptors are thought to be important, such as liposarcoma. Finally, the B+R combination might be studied in conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease, where R alone has shown activity. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Ligand
Vom Lokalisationsproblem der artikulierten Sprache.
Journal: JAMA (1930)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Treating Type 2 Diabetes with Inhaled Insulin
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2001)

Summaries for Patients6 February 2001Treating Type 2 Diabetes with Inhaled InsulinSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-134-3-200102060-00006 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail What is the problem and what is known about it so far?Type 2 diabetes mellitus (adult-onset diabetes) is a disease that interferes with the body's ability to store food, including sugar, and results in high blood sugar levels. The hormone insulin helps the body to store food and to keep blood sugar levels within the normal range. Body tissues in persons with type 2 diabetes are resistant to the effects of insulin. In addition, these patients lack effective insulin levels required to keep their blood sugar levels normal. Some patients can overcome the abnormalities by taking prescription pills, while ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: The summary below is from the full report titled “Inhaled Human Insulin Treatment in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.” It is in the 6 February 2001 issue of Annals of Internal Medicine (volume 134, pages 203-207). The authors are WT Cefalu, JS Skyler, IA Kourides, WH Landschulz, CC Balagtas, S-L Cheng, and RA Gelfand, for the Inhaled Insulin Study Group.Summaries for Patients are a service provided by Annals to help patients better understand the complicated and often mystifying language of modern medicine.Summaries for Patients are presented for informational purposes only. These summaries are not a substitute for advice from your own medical provider. If you have questions about this material, or need medical advice about your own health or situation, please contact your physician. Previousarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoInhaled Human Insulin Treatment in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus William T. Cefalu , Jay S. Skyler , Ione A. Kourides , William H. Landschulz , Cecile C. Balagtas , Shu-Lin Cheng , Robert A. Gelfand , and Metrics 6 February 2001Volume 134, Issue 3Page: I-77KeywordsBlood sugarBreathingFoodHemoglobinHormonesInhalationInsulinLungsPatientsType 2 diabetes ePublished: 6 February 2001 Issue Published: 6 February 2001 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2001 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Copyright Omitted
Journal: JAMA (1972)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Semilogia do ovário com um estudo particular da citologia vaginal pelo método de Shorr
Journal: JAMA (1942)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Oncology
Authors: E. J. Freireich
Journal: JAMA (1980)

It has been estimated that each year more than 1 million Americans will be given diagnoses of cancer. The mortality from cancer, however, has decreased, particularly for persons younger than 30 years, but even among those younger than 45 years. Thus, the proportion of patients being cared for with a diagnosis of malignant disease continues to increase as a direct result of improved palliative therapy and a clear increase in the proportion of patients who are fully cured. This latter group has now been shown to have, among other medical problems, an enhanced risk of the development of a secondary malignant neoplasm.<sup>1</sup> The past decade has witnessed rapid advances in methods for early detection of cancer: xeromammography, computerized tomographic scanning, ultrasound, and tumor markers are only a few. In addition, of value to cancer prevention is the growing information on the association of carcinogenesis with the use of tobacco,
Spermatotoxicity Associated with Acute and Subchronic Ethoxyethanol Treatment
Authors: Harold Zenick, Deborah Oudiz, Robert J. Niewenhuis
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1984)

Investigations of the male reproductive toxicity of ethoxyethanol (ethylene glycol monoethyl ether) have been restricted exclusively to histopathological assessments of the testes. The present study consisted of two experiments designed to document the spermatotoxicity of ethoxyethanol (EE) as reflected in evaluations of ejaculated rat semen. The basic strategy involved the evaluation of individual ejaculates recovered from the genital tract of a female rat prior to exposure of the males to EE. Repeated assessments of the ejaculate were made during the experimental phase according to specified protocols. Adult Long-Evans hooded male rats received 0, 936, 1872 or 2808 mg/kg (PO) of EE for five consecutive days. Semen evaluations were then conducted at weeks 0, 1, 4, 7, 10 and 14 after exposure. Males in the highest two dose groups showed declines in sperm counts by week 4 and were essentially azoospermic by week 7. At this time, males receiving the lowest dose of EE also exhibited decreases in ejaculated sperm counts. An increase in abnormal sperm shapes was also observed. Over the ensuing weeks all males exhibited varying degrees of recovery as reflected by increasing ejaculated sperm counts. In a second experiment, males were treated with 0 or 936 mg/kg of EE daily (5 days/week) for 6 weeks with semen evaluations conducted weekly. By week 5, sperm counts were significantly depressed and there was an increase in the number of abnormal shapes. Sperm motility was depressed by week 6. The temporal trends seen in these experiments suggested a differential sensitivity of the spermatocyte stage to EE toxicity.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Exercise tests
Authors: R J Linden, D A S G Mary
Journal: BMJ (1984)

A Bax- and, apparently, mitochondria-dependent increase in superoxide (O<sub>2</sub><sup>·−</sup>) and other reactive oxygen species (ROS) occurs in apoptotic superior cervical ganglion (SCG) and cerebellar granule (CG) neurons. Here we show that Bax also lies upstream of ROS produced in nonapoptotic neurons and present evidence that caspases partially mediate the pro-oxidant effect of Bax. We used the O<sub>2</sub><sup>·−</sup>-sensitive dye MitoSOX to monitor O<sub>2</sub><sup>·−</sup> in neurons expressing different levels of Bax and mitochondrial superoxide dismutase (SOD2). Basal and apoptotic O<sub>2</sub><sup>·−</sup> levels in both SCG and CG neurons were reduced in SOD2 wild-type (WT) cells having lower Bax concentrations. Apoptotic and nonapoptotic neurons from Bax-WT/SOD2-null but not Bax-null/SOD2-null mice had increased O<sub>2</sub><sup>·−</sup> levels. A caspase inhibitor inhibited O<sub>2</sub><sup>·−</sup> in both apoptotic and nonapoptotic SCG neurons. O<sub>2</sub><sup>·−</sup> production increased when WT, but not Bax-null, SCG neurons were permeabilized and treated with active caspase 3. There was no apoptosis and little increase in O<sub>2</sub><sup>·−</sup> in SCG neurons from caspase 3-null mice exposed to an apoptotic stimulus. O<sub>2</sub><sup>·−</sup> levels in nonapoptotic caspase 3-null SCG neurons were lower than in WT cells but not as low as in caspase inhibitor-treated cells. These data indicate that Bax lies upstream of most O<sub>2</sub><sup>·−</sup> produced in neurons, that caspase 3 is required for increased O<sub>2</sub><sup>·−</sup> production during neuronal apoptosis, that caspase 3 is partially involved in O<sub>2</sub><sup>·−</sup> production in nonapoptotic neurons, and that other caspases may also be involved in Bax-dependent O<sub>2</sub><sup>·−</sup> production in nonapoptotic cells.