tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Cover
Authors: Teri Randall
Journal: JAMA (1993)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Psychiatric Disorders Among Bariatric Surgery Candidates: Relationship to Obesity and Functional Health Status
Authors: Melissa Kalarchian
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2007)

Objective: The present study was designed to document psychiatric disorders among candidates for weight loss surgery and to examine the relationship of psychopathology to degree of obesity and functional health status. Method: The authors collected demographic and clinical information from 288 individuals seeking surgery. Assessments were administered independently of the preoperative screening and approval process. The study group was mostly female (83.3%) and white (88.2%). Mean body mass index (BMI) of the group was 52.2 kg/m 2 (SD=9.7), and the mean age was 46.2 years (SD=9.4). Results: Approximately 66% of the participants had a lifetime history of at least one axis I disorder, and 38% met diagnostic criteria at the time of preoperative evaluation. In addition, 29% met criteria for one or more axis II disorders. Axis I psychopathology, but not axis II, was positively related to BMI, and both axis I and axis II psychopathology were associated with lower scores on the Medical Outcomes Study 36-item Short-Form Health Survey. Conclusions: Current and past DSM-IV psychiatric disorders are prevalent among bariatric surgery candidates and are associated with greater obesity and lower functional health status, highlighting the need to understand potential implications for surgery preparation and outcome. Future work also will focus on the course of psychiatric disorder during the post-surgery period and its relationship to weight loss and maintenance.
Late Results of the Warm Heart Trial
Authors: Stephen E. Fremes, Miguel G. Tamariz, Dan Abramov, George T. Christakis, Jeri Y. Sever, Kathy Sykora, Bernard S. Goldman, Christopher M. S. Feindel, Samuel V. Lichtenstein
Journal: Circulation (2000)

Background —The Warm Heart Trial randomized 1732 CABG patients to receive warm or cold blood cardioplegia. In the warm cardioplegia patients, nonfatal perioperative cardiac events were significantly decreased and the mortality rate was nonsignificantly decreased (1.4% versus 2.5%, P =0.12). The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the late results of these trial patients. Methods and Results —Randomization was stratified according to surgeon and urgency of the operation. Seven hundred sixty-two patients recruited from 1 of the centers were followed through the hospital clinic for late events. Late survival (including perioperative deaths) at 72 months was nonsignificantly greater in the warm cardioplegia patients (94.5±1.7%, mean±SEM) than in the cold cardioplegia patients (90.9±2.6%). Independent predictors of mortality by Cox proportional hazards model were redo CABG, diabetes mellitus, renal insufficiency, and increasing age. The influence of nonfatal perioperative events (perioperative myocardial infarction according to computerized ECG readings or low output syndrome as determined by an outcome committee) on late survival was also analyzed. Late survival at 84 months was significantly reduced in the group who experienced nonfatal perioperative outcomes (94.5±1.7% versus 84.9±4.5%, P &lt;0.001) and remained a significant predictor after adjustment for other important variables (risk ratio 6.4, 95% CI 1.87 to 8.73, P &lt;0.0001). Conclusions —Effective myocardial protection through either cold or warm blood cardioplegia is essential, because late survival is significantly reduced in patients with nonfatal perioperative cardiac outcomes.
Strategies for the Emergency Room Evaluation of Patients with Chest Pain
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1999)

Summaries for Patients21 December 1999Strategies for the Emergency Room Evaluation of Patients with Chest PainSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-131-12-199912210-00023 SectionsAboutFull Text ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail What is the problem and what is known about it so far?Doctors do not want to send home from the emergency room patients with chest pain who are having heart attacks. On the other hand, hospitalizing everyone with chest pain would lead to a great many unnecessary hospital stays. Several kinds of tests can help doctors decide whether someone with chest pain has actually had a heart attack. For example, blood tests are used to look for substances such as CK-MB (an enzyme) or troponin I (a muscle-pump protein) that leak into the bloodstream from damaged heart muscle. Electrocardiograms ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: The summary below is from the full report titled “Emergency Department Triage Strategies for Acute Chest Pain Using Creatine Kinase-MB and Troponin I Assays: A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis.” It is in the 12 December 1999 issue of Annals of Internal Medicine (volume 131, pages 909-919). The authors are C.A. Polanczyk, K.M. Kuntz, D.B. Sacks, P.A. Johnson, and T.H. Lee.Summaries for Patients are a service provided by Annals to help patients better understand the complicated and often mystifying language of modern medicine.Summaries for Patients are presented for informational purposes only. These summaries are not a substitute for advice from your own medical provider. If you have questions about this material, or need medical advice about your own health or situation, please contact your physician. The summaries may be reproduced for not-for-profit educational purposes only. Any other uses must be approved by the American College of Physicians-American Society of Internal Medicine. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoEmergency Department Triage Strategies for Acute Chest Pain Using Creatine Kinase–MB and Troponin I Assays: A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis Carísi A. Polanczyk , Karen M. Kuntz , David B. Sacks , Paula A. Johnson , and Thomas H. Lee Metrics 21 December 1999Volume 131, Issue 12Page: 909KeywordsCreatine kinase MBElectrocardiographyEmergency departmentExerciseIschemiaMyocardial infarctionPatientsSimulation and modelingTriageTroponin ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 21 December 1999 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1999 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.Loading ...
Artificial intelligence for COVID-19: saviour or saboteur?
Authors: None The Lancet Digital Health
Journal: The Lancet Digital Health (2020)

As 2020 draws to a close, one thing is certain: the COVID-19 pandemic has had an irreversible effect on the world. The effect on digital health is no exception. The pandemic has forced health-care providers and governments around the world to accelerate the development of artificial intelligence (AI) tools and scale up their use in medicine, even before they are proven to work. An untested AI algorithm has even received emergency authorisation from the US Food and Drug Administration. But will the use of untested AI systems help or hinder patients with COVID-19?
Nontuberculous bacterial empyema in patients with and without underlying diseases
Authors: N. J. Vianna
Journal: JAMA (1971)

Forty-one (6.8%) adult patients hospitalized with primary nontuberculous bacterial pneumonia over a four-year period had empyema on admission. Staphylococcus aureus was the most common causative microorganism isolated. In 64% of the cases of empyema complicating some underlying disease, gram-negative microorganisms were isolated. Empyema may be mistaken for pulmonary infarction or masked by congestive heart failure. Fever and a peripheral leukocytosis may not be present in patients with underlying conditions. Evidence is presented that various antibiotics, administered parenterally in high doses, can sterilize empyema fluid. Effective drainage of the empyema cavity is also essential. The temperature response after closed drainage is initiated gives an indication whether open drainage will be required.
Direct transfer to operating room improves care of trauma patients. A simple, economically feasible plan for large hospitals
Authors: R. P. Fischer
Journal: JAMA (1978)

As evidenced in a nine-year experience with more than 4,000 patients, the operating room is an ideal receiving area for severely injured patients. This system, which reduces mortality, morbidity, and suffering incurred by severely injured patients, is both feasible and economical for many large metropolitan hospitals. (<i>JAMA</i>240:1731-1732, 1978)
Abstract 16139: Mast Cells Promote Proliferation and Suppress Myogenic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Authors: Mansoreh Nazari, Nathan C Ni, Ana L Ludke, Shu-Hong Li, Jian Guo, Terrence M Yau, Richard D Weisel, Ren-Ke Li
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: Efficient scar formation post-myocardial infarction (MI) depends on fibroblast/mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) accumulation and myofibroblast transdifferentiation. Mast cell (MC)-deficient mice exhibit reduced cardiac myofibroblast accumulation and undergo rapid left ventricular dilation post-MI. Thus, we sought to investigate how MCs modulate MSC proliferation and their myogenic differentiation into myofibroblasts. Methods: MC/MSC co-culture was used to examine MC effects on MSC proliferation and differentiation. MC granulate (MCG) was then used to further examine the mechanisms by which MCs exerted their effects on MSC proliferation, migration, and myogenic differentiation. The effects of MCs on MSC activity in vivo was evaluated by immunohistological analysis on MC- and saline-treated infarcted mouse hearts at 3 and 7 days post-MI Results: MC co-culture suppressed expression of the myogenic differentiation marker α-smooth muscle actin in MSCs. Similarly, MCG dose-dependently decreased myogenic differentiation by up to ~90% (P&lt;0.01, n=4) and increased MSC proliferation ~two-fold (P&lt;0.01, n=5) and migration by ~75% (P&lt;0.01, n=4). Pharmacological antagonism of platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) rescued MSC differentiation despite MCG treatment, suggesting MC suppression of MSC differentiation occurs through PDGFR. MCG treatment resulted in up to ~70% decreased miR-145 and -143 expression (P&lt;0.05, n=4), as well as increased Klf4 (~25%) and decreased myocardin (~50%) protein expression in MSCs, indicating that the myocardin-Klf4 axis mediates MSC proliferation/differentiation. Finally, infarcted hearts from mice treated with MCs showed ~five-fold increased CD29+ MSC proliferation at day 3 vs saline-treated animals (P&lt;0.05, n=3). This effect was absent by day 7 post-MI. Conclusions: MSCs can oscillate between proliferative and differentiated states. MCs promote proliferation at the expense of differentiation early after MI through PDGFR, downregulation of miR-145 and -143, and the Klf4-myocardin signalling axis to promote MSC accumulation. This in turn results in a larger cardiac MSC pool for later myofibroblast differentiation, facilitating improved wound healing.
Determinants of Fatal Bleeding during Induction Therapy for Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia in the ATRA Era
Authors: Simon Mantha, Debra Goldman, Sean M. Devlin, Ju-Whei Lee, Diana Zannino, Dan Douer, Harry J Iland, Mark R. Litzow, Eytan M. Stein, Frederick Appelbaum, Richard A. Larson, Jacob M. Rowe, Martin S. Tallman
Journal: Blood (2014)
The era of the patient. Using the experience of illness in shaping the missions of health care
Authors: S J Reiser
Journal: JAMA (1993)

The emergence of an era that focuses on the experiences of individuals with illness to provide an alternative voice in health care is explored. Antecedent events that caused the eclipse of the patient and challenged the authenticity of personal experience in establishing medical facts--the introduction of the concept of diseases and the technologic revolution in medicine--are examined. Recent events that returned the patient's views to the center of medical attention--the medical ethics and outcomes movements--are analyzed and connected. Recommendations are presented to make the experience of individuals with illness significant features of health care practice, education, research, and policy, and to reverse the view of patients and subjects as individuals benefited by medicine, but unable to help it.
VA Twin Registry
Journal: JAMA (1996)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
PREGNANCY AFTER NEPHRECTOMY
Journal: JAMA (1921)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Genetic Heterogeneity
Authors: Barton Childs, Vazken M. Der Kaloustian
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1968)

IN his catalogue of mendelian characteristics of man McKusick1 lists 1545 genetically determined variations, indicating the existence of mutant genes at at least that many loci. His book is a collection of most of the human hereditary variants reported until 1967 and is the only resource of its kind available. It is an important contribution partly as a reference work, but also because it provides a comprehensive view of how much, and how little, is known about human variety. Most of the hereditary variations listed are diseases, usually rare and often involving many organ systems. In most of these diseases, . . .
Sightings
Journal: JAMA (2002)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Physical diagnosis teaching. A personal polemic
Authors: D. H. Spodick
Journal: JAMA (1971)

Traditionally, physical diagnosis has been the stepchild of medical education, beneath the concern of ranking faculty members while limiting patient exposure to weekly quantums taught by isolated platoons of conscripted instructors of widely varying competence and commitment. Even the term "physical diagnosis" conjures up a series of bedside rituals, the choreography of which has been inflicted piecemeal upon green students with little relation to their clinical and social settings. It is indeed necessary to introduce the student to the practical aspects of the tools of his trade, but since we are evaluating people as well as gallbladders there is no reason to completely sever this from the integral approach to the patient. Teachinghospital patients must put up with so many trying acts of mercy in the course of a day as to make remarkable their toleration of additional intrusions by relays of strange interrogators intent upon both rehashing the story
Political realities and biomedical research
Authors: A. Burness
Journal: JAMA (1980)

AT a conference on the future of clinical research, a medical school dean dramatized the communication gap between the medical research community and federal government. He told the story of the reluctant rabbi who sheepishly tried to convince the Pope that some land in question belonged to the Jews. Since the rabbi spoke no Italian and the Pope no Hebrew, they were forced to negotiate in sign language. After a while, the Pope became impressed with the rabbi's profound insight. But when the rabbi took out an apple in response to the Pope's bread and wine, the Holy Father was convinced. He turned to his followers, saying, "This rabbi is smarter than I.I reveal the body and blood of the Christ, and he takes out an apple, the symbol of life itself. The Jews may have the land." The rabbi was greeted with incredible joy on his return to the
Abstract 1841: Stromal Cell Derived Factor-1 Increases Capillary Density But Does Not Contribute To Cardiomyocyte Replacement After Experimental Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Francesco Loffredo, Vincent F Segers, Catherine MacGillivray, Richard T Lee
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Background. The mechanisms by which regenerative therapies improve cardiac function are incompletely defined. Numerous laboratories have demonstrated that the stem cell chemoattractant Stromal cell derived factor-1 (SDF-1) improves cardiac function after myocardial infarction (MI). This study used a genetic fate-mapping approach to ask the question: Is the beneficial effect of SDF-1 delivery due to cardiomyocyte regeneration, increased capillary density, or both? Methods. We used a genetic fate-mapping system that allows “pulse-chase” studies of cardiomyocyte turnover in mice. We crossed an inducible cardiomyocyte-specific Mer-Cre-Mer transgenic mouse with Z/EG reporter mice. Using a high-efficiency 4-OH-tamoxifen protocol, we then induced Cre recombination and expression of GFP in cardiomyocytes only. SDF-1(S4V), a protease-resistant form of SDF-1, was delivered with nanofibers after coronary ligation. Results. The percentage of pulse-labeled GFP+ cardiomyocytes was 81±4% (n=6) in sham-operated mice, as anticipated with this system. GFP+ cardiomyocytes were 60±5% and 69±4% (n=11) respectively at MI border and MI remote areas of the control nanofiber group, consistent with our previous study and suggesting a significant stem/precursor cell contribution to cardiomyocyte replacement after injury (P&lt;0.0001). GFP+ cardiomyocytes were 65±9% and 76±6% (n=10) respectively at MI border and MI remote areas of the SDF-1(S4V)-RAD group (p=ns vs nanofiber control group), indicating no significantly increase in cardiomyocyte refreshment attributable to SDF-1. However, capillary density increased from 204.7 ± 10.1/mm2 in the nanofiber control group to 308.9 ± 21.9/mm2 in SDF-1(S4V)-RAD + nanofiber group (p =0.0003). Conclusion. Using genetic “pulse-chase” fate mapping, these data indicate that the stem cell chemoattractant SDF-1 does not induce measurable adult mammalian cardiomyocyte replacement by stem/precursor cells following injury. However, SDF-1 significantly increases myocardial capillary density, suggesting that increased angiogenesis but not cardiogenesis is responsible for the beneficial effects of SDF-1 on cardiac function.
Are we training too many medical subspecialists?
Authors: W. B. Schwartz
Journal: JAMA (1988)

As of 1983,10% to 40% of cities with a population of 200 000 to 500 000 lacked a board-certified physician in one or more medical subspecialties, and many additional cities of this size had only one certified representative in many of the subspecialties. Somewhat smaller cities (population, 125 000 to 200 000) had far less complete coverage. Even when one includes board-certified internists who declared themselves subspecialists but lacked certification, there were many relatively large cities without complete coverage. Between now and 2000, an appreciable portion of the projected larger pool of board-certified subspecialists will be required to deal with a growing population and an increase in per capita demand for care. Others will locate in unserved or underserved cities, but our data suggest that even in 2000, many relatively large cities will have a deficit of most types of subspecialists. (<i>JAMA</i>1988;259:233-239)