tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 405: Deficiency of p38α MAPK in Macrophages Promotes Apoptosis and Plaque Necrosis in Advanced Murine Atherosclerotic Lesions
Authors: Tracie A Seimon, Yibin Wang, Seongah Han, Takafumi Senokuchi, George Kuriakose, Alan Tall, Ira Tabas
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress occurs in macrophage-rich areas of advanced atheroscle-rotic lesions and contributes to macrophage apoptosis and subsequent plaque necrosis. Therefore, signaling pathways that alter ER stress-induced apoptosis may affect the development of advanced atherosclerosis. Here we show that Western diet-fed Apoe −/− mice deficient in macrophage p38α MAPK have a marked increase in apoptosis and plaque necrosis. We found a significant increase in the mean necrotic area in the p38α-deficient lesions (46,700 μm 2 versus 18,965 μm 2 in the control mice, p &lt; 0.008). Quantification of the data revealed an approximate 51% increase in the percent of apoptotic cells in the p38α-deficient lesions. The macrophage-p38α-deficient lesions also exhibited a 30% decrease in collagen content and a 40% decrease in fibrous cap thickness. Consistent with our in vivo data, we found that ER stress-induced apoptosis in cultured macrophages was markedly accelerated under conditions of p38 inhibition, and this effect was further enhanced in the setting of insulin resistance. Mechanistic experiments revealed that p38 inhibition causes suppression of the pro-survival Akt pathway in vitro and in vivo . We found that inhibition of Akt with LY294002 enhances apoptosis under conditions of ER stress. Furthermore, expression of a constitutively active Akt, myristoylated-Akt, blocked the enhancement of apoptosis that occurred with p38 inhibition, but did not inhibit apoptosis induced by ER stress itself. In view of clinical trials exploring the use of p38 inhibitors in inflammatory diseases, our results raise the possibility that these drugs may promote plaque progression in subjects with advanced atherosclerotic lesions. This research has received full or partial funding support from the American Heart Association, AHA Founders Affiliate (Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Rhode Island, Vermont).
LARGE BILIARY CALCULUS DISCHARGED THROUGH AN UMBILICAL FISTULA.
Journal: JAMA (1891)

In the<i>New York Medical Journal</i>, January 31,Dr. Colegrovereports the passage of an extraordinarily large biliary calculus by the way of an umbilical fistula. A lady, aged 83, had an abscess around the umbilicus, attended with a great amount of disturbance, pain, loss of sleep and appetite; it communicated externally by means of a fistula, through which pus was discharged for a week or more. One night she was suddenly taken with an increase of the pain, so intense that she became collapsed; with this there was the extrusion, through the umbilical fistula, of a calculus measuring four inches in circumference. Two months later the fistula had healed and there was a complete absence of local tenderness, and the patient was restored to her former measure of health.
Workmen's compensation. A progress report
Authors: H. F. Howe
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Most physicians are involved in the care and treatment of injured workers whose illness arises "out of and in the course of" their employment. To whatever extent a physician encounters such patients, he usually finds himself working under the provisions of a workmen's compensation statute applicable to these cases. Whether he assumes direct care, or is merely called in consultation, he is immediately subject to the regulations and control of the industrial accident commission. In most states he must submit initial and progress reports, bills for his fees, and sometimes records of his treatment, according to standards established by the industrial commission, else he may be deprived of the privilege of care of compensable injuries. Fortunately, most workers' injuries and occupational illnesses are minor ones, producing brief lost time from work or none, and therefore no controversy over payment by the employer of indemnity or to the physician for medical
INFLUENZA OR PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS?
Journal: JAMA (1901)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Disparities Act
Authors: Brian Vastag
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Review of the British Thoracic Society Winter Meeting 2015, 2–4 December, London, UK
Authors: Ricardo J José, James D Chalmers, Neil J Greening, Sam M Janes
Journal: Thorax (2016)

The British Thoracic Society Winter Meeting 2015 is reviewed in this article. Over 3 days in December, this annual scientific meeting attracted over 2300 delegates and up-to-date respiratory research was presented by leading UK and international speakers. This article reviews a number of symposia and selected abstract presentations from the meeting.
Clinical Chemistry, New York
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Transformation of BALB/c-3T3 Cells: III. Development of a Co-Culture Clonal Survival Assay for Quantification of Chemical Cytotoxicity in High-Density Cell Cultures
Authors: Edwin J. Matthews
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1993)

A co-culture clonal survival assay was developed to measure the cytotoxicity of test chemical treatments to BALB/c-3T3 cells because the standard clonal survival assay using 200 wild type (WT) cells frequently overestimates chemical cytotoxicity when compared with identical treatment doses in high-density cultures.The assay used co-cultures of 3.2 x 104 WT cells, the same seeding density used in the transformation assay, and 200 ouabain resistant (OUAr) cells.After a 48-hr test chemical treatment, co-cultured cells were fed with culture medium containing 4 mM ouabain.The test chemical was cytotoxic to an equal percentage of WT and OUA' cells.Ouabain treatments killed the remaining WT cells.Thus, OUAF cells surviving the test chemical treatment measured the relative cloning efficiency (RCE) of all treated cells in the high-density cell co- culture.The co-culture assay succeeded because metabolic cooperation at the OUAr locus was not detected in BALB/c-3T3 cells.Five chemicals induced comparable cytotoxic responses in both assays, including actinomycin D, 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine, N'-methyl-N-nitro-N'-nitrosoguanidine, dimethyl sulfoxide and sodium chloride.In contrast, chemical cytotoxic responses detected in the standard and co-culture assays differed by 2 10-fold for 11-aminoundecanoic acid, benzo[a]pyrene, cytosine arabinoside, and 3-methyl- cholanthrene and differed by >2-fold for 2-acetylaminofluorene and dimethylnitrosamine.Detection of 11- aminoundecanoic acid-induced transformation was shown to be dependent on selecting treatment doses from the co-culture assay data.Thus, this method permits more accurate assessment of both chemical-induced cytotoxicity and transformation.
Book Review Displacement of the Calcified Pineal Body in Roentgen Pictures as an Aid in Diagnosing Intracranial Tumours: An anthropometrical-statistical analysis . By Bengt Lilja. 8°, paper, 182 pp., 40 tables. Stockholm: P. A. Norstedt &amp; Söner, 1939. Swed. kr. 10.
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1940)
Section 51.—Hyperparathyroidism-Hyperparathyroidism
Journal: JAMA (1973)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Twentieth Century Fund. Twelve Years' Review—1929-1940 and Annual Report 1939 and 1940
Journal: JAMA (1942)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The science of "pattern recognition"
Authors: R. E. Bolinger
Journal: JAMA (1975)

AN UNDERSTANDING of the process of clinical decision is essential to the formulation of applications of the computer to clinical medicine. Although the computer has proved its worth in some clinical situations, results have been disappointing with more pervasive involvement of automation. Of the various health care personnel, the role and function of the clinician is least defined. The public clamor for an accounting of his activities has led to a concentration on attempted quantification of these activities in terms of visible diagnostic and therapeutic procedures that often bear scant relation to professional standards of quality of care. The unique task of the clinician is primarily a goal-directed intellectual process involving decision-making leading to courses of action. This function of the clinician defies easy mensuration and is often summarily dismissed as an art, some form of intuition, mysticism, or even charlatanism. Some degree of formalization of this process is attainable,
THE MERCURIALS.
Authors: S. V. CLEVENGER
Journal: JAMA (1896)

Many of the older remedies need a vigorous scientific reconsideration from the newer vantage grounds afforded by modern laboratory methods. Certain physical and chemical properties of mercury and its salts, if properly studied in connection with the vast mass of undigested clinical knowledge accumulated during centuries, enable the mercurial group to be singled out as having peculiarities that separate it completely from all other remedies, including those with other metallic bases. Chemistry and physics are woefully neglected sciences in even the best medical schools, and to this fact is attributable the empiricism of our therapeutic work, and whosoever is equipped with physical and chemical knowledge before becoming a physician will find himself unintelligible to the vast mass of his confrères in an endeavor to utilize those fundamental branches in connection with physiology, pathology and therapeutics. The chemistry of materia medica is left to the manufacturing pharmacist, though it is closely
Book Review Experiments and Observations on the Gastric Juice and the Physiology of Digestion . By William Beaumont, M.D., facsimile of the original edition of 1833, together with a biographical essay, A Pioneer American Physiologist, by Sir William Osler. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1929. xl + 280 pages. Price, $3.00.
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1929)
Talc and Amosite/Crocidolite Preferentially Deposited in the Lungs of Nonoccupational Female Lung Cancer Cases in Urban Areas of Japan
Authors: Hiroyuki Yamada, Hisako Hashimoto, Masako Akiyama, Yoshinori Kawabata, Kazuro Iwai
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1997)

To analyze the correlation between asbestos lung burden and lung cancer, lungs of 211 female cases with and without lung cancer were examined. Phase-contrast microscopic (PCM) counting of ferruginous (FBs) and uncoated fibers (UFs), which had length longer than 5 microns and aspect ratios greater than 3:1, revealed a significantly higher level of FBs plus UFs in urban lung cancer cases than urban non-lung cancer cases (1380.5 vs. 550.3; p < 0.001). No difference was noted between rural lung cancer and non-lung cancer cases. Analytical electron microscopic studies identified various kinds of mineral fibers with an aspect ratio greater than 3:1 in the lung tissue including chrysotile, actinolite/tremolite, amosite/crocidolite, fibrous talc, mica, silica, iron, wollastonite, chlorite, kaoline, and others. The most frequently detected fibers were thin, short chrysotile fibers, most of which could not be found by PCM, followed by relatively thick, long actinolite/tremolite fibers, fibrous talc, and in a smaller number, amosite/crocidolite of intermediate length and width. Amosite/crocidolite and fibrous talc counts in urban lung cancer cases were greater than those of urban non-lung cancer cases, rural lung cancer, and rural non-lung cancer cases; these findings were consistent with PCM analysis. Therefore, it is suggested that fibers detected in PCM observation may be mainly amosite/crocidolite with some parts fibrous talc and that fibrous talc in urban environments may be another candidate for carcinogenic or cocarcinogenic factors of female lung cancer.
Bradykinin-Induced Contraction of Human Peripheral Airways Mediated by Both Bradykinin B2and Thromboxane Prostanoid Receptors: From the Authors
Authors: Anthon R. Hulsmann, Johan C. de Jongste
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1995)

"Bradykinin-Induced Contraction of Human Peripheral Airways Mediated by Both Bradykinin B2 and Thromboxane Prostanoid Receptors: From the Authors." American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 151(5_pt_1), pp. 1687–1688
Activation of Na+/H+ exchanger by hepatocyte growth factor in hepatocytes*1
Authors: A KANEKO
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

The effect of the hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) on the Na+H+ exchanger was studied using primary cultured hepatocytes. HGF induced intracellular pH (pHi) elevation of 0.10 pH units in hepatocytes cultured for 4 to 7 hours; the response was lower after other culture periods. Even with the same culture period, intercellular heterogeneity was found in the responsiveness to HGF. This heterogeneity may be partially accounted for by the weak but significant correlation observed between the basal pHi level and the degree of pHi elevation caused by HGF in hepatocytes. The pHi elevation caused by HGF was blocked on pretreatment of the hepatocytes with amiloride, suggesting that HGF activates the Na+H+ exchanger. This hypothesis was confirmed by the fact that HGF increased the initial rapid rate of cell alkalization of acid-loaded hepatocytes. The tyrosine kinase inhibitor, genistein, also blocked the elevation, consistent with the fact that HGF receptor/c-met has a tyrosine kinase domain. To clarify the signal transduction pathway from tyrosine kinase to the Na+H+ exchanger, we examined the effects of inhibitors of other kinases (H-7, H-8, and W-7) on the HGF-induced pHi elevation and found that only W-7 blocked it. This pHi elevation was also prevented on preincubation of the hepatocytes with thapsigargin, which blocks the calcium response caused by HGF. These results suggest that HGF activates the Na+H+ exchanger in hepatocytes through a tyrosine kinase-calcium/calmodulin-dependent pathway.
Nutritional Macrocytic Anaemia: Correction
Journal: BMJ (1945)

Surely tlhe Government policy is to assist in training men who may later prove useful members of the staffs of hospitals treating large numbers of the community over a period of years, and.not to exclude men on technicalities from financial 'assistance with postgraduate study.The only course open to me now is to do postgraduate study at my own expense, and therefore for a short period (three months) due to financial limitations.The above facts will, I think, be of interest to those in the Forces who may be trying to work out their post-war plans and are expecting financial assistance from this source.-Iam, etc.,
The Plane Truth about Disinsection
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1999)

The Plane Truth about DisinsectionTo most people, 'fear of flying" means an aversion to traveling by aircraft because of a fear of its crashing.For some people, however, there is another safety fear posed by air travel-the fear of adverse health effects from exposure to pesticides used in aircraft in a process called "disinsection."The United States stopped requiring that inbound flights be disinsected in 1979 following a decision by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) that it was an ineffective method of preventing insect pests from being introduced from other countries, as well as a possible health risk for the people on board.Disinsection is usually performed by one of two methods: the cabin may be sprayed with an aerosol pesticide (some- times while passengers are still on board) or treated with a long-lasting residual pesticide that is applied to the interior surfaces of the empty cabin every 6-8 weeks.Disinsection is still required by a few nations for incoming flights-including, in some countries, flights from the United States.The Department of Transportation (DOT) posts a list of countries that require disinsection on the World Wide Web at http://ostpxweb.dot.govlpolicy/safety/disin.htm.Countries that require disinsection may do so for one of three reasons: threats to public health, threats to agriculture, or threats to the native ecosystem.Australia and New Zealand, for instance, along with many of the island nations that still require disin- section, are highly protective of their unique systems of flora and fauna, which they maintain could be devastated by the importation of alien insect species.
Acute myelogenous leukemia following fallout radiation exposure
Authors: R. A. Conard
Journal: JAMA (1975)

ACUTE myelogenous leukemia developed in a 19-year-old Marshallese man who had been exposed to radioactive fallout at 1 year of age. He was one of 64 people on Rongelap Island accidentally exposed in 1954 following the testing of an atomic device on Bikini atoll 100 miles away. The acute effects of exposure on this population were hematological depression from total body exposure to gamma radiation of 175 rads and beta-ray burns and epilation from deposit of fallout on the skin. There were no deaths, and recovery occurred within a year. Internal absorption of radionuclides from inhalation and consumption of contaminated food and water produced no acute effects, but absorption of radioactive iodine resulted in later development of thyroid lesions in one third of the population; three of these lesions were malignant. The highest incidence was in children exposed at less than 10 years of age, some of whom had growth