tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract P013: Prevalence and Outcomes of Anemia in Patients Hospitalized with Acute Decompensated Heart Failure: The ARIC Study Community Surveillance
Authors: Melissa Caughey, Loehr Laura, Christy Avery, Hanyu Ni, Brad Astor, Kunihiro Matsushita, Lisa Wruck, Wayne Rosamond
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background: Anemia has been associated with increased mortality in heart failure patients. The prevalence and outcomes of anemia in patients hospitalized with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) in population-based settings are unknown. Methods: Hospitalizations related to heart failure among black and white residents 55 years and older were sampled by stratified design from 4 US communities (total population age 55+ =177,000), January 1, 2005 -December 31,2008 in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study. Events were validated by physician review of medical records, and linked to mortality files. Those classified as definite or probable ADHF were included in the analysis; chronic, stable heart failure and hospitalizations not for heart failure were excluded. ADHF was further classified as heart failure with preserved (≥50%) or reduced (&lt;50%) ejection fraction. Laboratory values were abstracted from the hospital record. Anemia was defined by WHO guidelines (&lt; 12 g/dL for women; &lt; 13 g/dL for men), using the lowest hemoglobin. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated by the CKD-Epi formula using serum creatinine. Length of stay and mortality outcomes were analyzed by linear and logistic regression, respectively. All analyses were weighted to account for the sampling design and adjusted for race, age, sex, eGFR and smoking. Results: Over four years, 13,554 (weighted) hospitalized events for definite or probable ADHF occurred, based on 2,804 sampled events. Comorbidities of ADHF included: hypertension (84%), coronary heart disease (55%), chronic bronchitis or COPD (34%), diabetes (48%), and chronic kidney disease (eGFR &lt; 60 mL/min/1.73m 2 ) (73%). Prevalence of anemia was 77% (95%CI: 75-79%) overall and did not differ by race (p=0.6), gender (p=0.1) or by subtype of heart failure based on preserved or reduced ejection fraction (p=0.09). Anemia was more common in patients over age 75 (80%; 95%CI: 78-83%) than patients aged 55-74 (73%; 95% CI: 70-76%); p&lt;.0001. Anemia was associated with an increased length of stay by 3.6 (95%CI: 3.0-4.3) days, and with 1-year mortality (OR=1.3, 95%CI: 1.0-1.8). In a subset of ADHF hospitalizations (N=7,989; 59%) with two hemoglobin values, anemia prevalence was 84% (95%CI:82-86%) by the lowest hemoglobin, improving to 72% (95%CI: 70-75%) by the last documented hemoglobin. Anemia resolved over the course of the hospitalization for 15% of patients; more commonly for women than men (18% vs. 11%; p=.002). Conclusion: Among patients hospitalized for ADHF in these 4 US areas, anemia was common, particularly for those over age 75, and was associated with a longer length of hospital stay and higher 1-year mortality.
Vaginal Contraception
Authors: Johanna F. Perlmutter
Journal: JAMA (1982)

This hardcover book is directed at a general audience with interest in vaginal contraception, layperson as well as professional. It is divided into three sections: an overview and appraisal of available information, clinical material for the practitioner, and appendices. The first part deals with "Assessment of Existing Information" and attempts to cover the entire field of contraception. Though the information is comprehensive, it is written in a manner that is light and easily read. The historical review of vaginal contraceptive methods is excellent and explores the background of both the diaphragm and the cervical cap. The message this book offers is that the ideal contraceptive has not yet been developed. In addition, it emphasizes that it is time women played a more active role in sexuality, with emphasis on the woman's role in the decision-making process. As the title suggests, strong arguments are put forth for the use of vaginal
Cold agglutinin disease and the nephrotic syndrome
Authors: J. L. Poth
Journal: JAMA (1970)

A 66-year-old woman entered the hospital with both chronic, idiopathic cold agglutinin disease, manifested primarily by severe hemolytic anemia, and the nephrotic syndrome. The cold agglutinin was unusual in that it was cryoprecipitable, had a very wide thermal amplitude, and possessed intense hemolytic activity. The usual causes of the nephrotic syndrome were absent and postmortem examination revealed normal-appearing glomeruli. We suggest that the IgM cold agglutinin, alone or in combination with serum complement, was etiologically related to the induction of the nephrotic syndrome via attack on the glomerular basement membrane. Treatment with chlorambucil did not significantly alter the patient's hematologic or renal disorders.
A new curare test for the diagnosis of myasthenia gravis
Authors: F. F. Foldes
Journal: JAMA (1968)

A simple, safe, and reliable curare test for the diagnosis of myasthenia gravis, based on the increased sensitivity of persons with myasthenia to tubocurarine, consists of the recording of the grip strength before and after the regional intravenous administration of 0.2 mg of tubocurarine. The only special equipment required is a dynamometer. The injection of 0.2 mg tubocurarine caused a 67.9 ± 7.0% and a 10.0 ± 3.9% decrease of grip strength in patients with generalized myasthenia and normal subjects, respectively. Patients with purely ocular myasthenia gravis behaved as normal subjects. The test gives positive results in cases of myasthenia gravis in which the edrophonium chloride test is negative. Because of its safety and simplicity, the test with tubocurarine is preferable to the conventional curare test.
Polycythemia vera among participants of a nuclear weapons test
Authors: Janet L. Sobell, Mary B. Codd, Murray N. Silverstein, Leonard T. Kurland
Journal: JAMA (1987)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In August 1984,The Journalpublished a report by Caldwell et al<sup>1</sup>from the Centers for Disease Control pertaining to polycythemia vera among participants of the "Smoky" nuclear weapons test. Of 3217 nucleartest participants present at the detonation on Aug 31,1957, 95.5% were located and contacted to ascertain health status as of December 1981. For those who reported ill health, medical data were collected from the various physicians and hospitals involved in their care. Using well-defined diagnostic criteria, two cases of definite polycythemia vera and two suspected cases were found. In contrast to the observed number of affected individuals, the authors report an expected number of 0.2 cases, derived by applying age-specific incidence rates reported by Modan<sup>2</sup>for metropolitan Baltimore. The standard mortality rate (SMR) for the two definite cases was 10 (<i>P</i>=.02). When both the two definite and the two suspected cases of
Control of Breast Cancer Through Mass Screening-Reply
Authors: Philip Strax
Journal: JAMA (1976)

The writer is correct in noting the omission of definite facts concerning the effectiveness of thermography. We do not, as yet, have any. The definitive studies of the Health Insurance Plan of Greater New York and the Jefferson Medical School in Philadelphia on this very subject will not have substantial conclusions for almost another year. There are, however, both here and abroad, some uncontrolled studies indicating possible value of an abnormal thermogram as a high-risk marker. There has been no evidence that this may be sufficient to reduce the number of necessary mammograms. The reason biopsy is not done on the basis of a positive thermogram alone is given in the article: "Since areas of increased heat do not necessarily correspond to the location of a cancer, thermographic findings are used to alert the clinician to findings obtained by the other modalities." Finally, it is definitely too early
Effect of neoadjuvant treatment with gemcitabine with nab-paclitaxel on SPARC and Ki-67 in patients with resectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
Authors: Sarunas Sliesoraitis, Amy L. Collinsworth, Jose Gilberto Trevino, Steven J. Hughes, Robert Zlotecki, Xiaomin Lu, Judith L. Lightsey, Alison Marguerite Ivey, Carmen Joseph Allegra, Ahmad Alkhasawneh, Long H. Dang, Karen Colleen Daily, Kevin Behrns, Chen Liu, Shailendra Chauhan, Neelam Vijay Desai, Thomas J. George
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

e15287 Background: Nab-paclitaxel (nabP) and gemcitabine (Gem) improve survival in patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer (PCa). We sought to determine the impact of nabP and Gem on the primary tumor and its microenvironment in neoadjuvant treatment (NAT). Methods: All patients in the GAIN1 study (NCT01470417) received neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAT) with nabP and Gem with or without radiation depending on risk status. A comparator group without NAT was appropriately matched to GAIN1 treated patients. Cases and controls were matched for age, sex, race, resection status, smoking, primary tumor site and size. Surgical specimens were used for pathologic analysis. Routine immunohistochemistry (IHC) for Ki-67 and TUNEL was performed on FFPE tissue sections of tumor, associated stroma and regional lymph nodes. SPARC immunolabeling was assessed using antiSPARC antibody (Invitrogen) with scoring consistent with prior reports: negative = intensity absent to weak (+) and the extent was < 10%; positive = intensity moderate (++) to strong (+++) and the extent was ≥ 10%. Appropriate controls were verified. For Ki-67 and TUNEL, the percentage of positive tumor cells was counted and averaged over four high power fields for each specimen. Study was conducted in accordance with IRB approval. Results: A total of 30 patients with surgical specimens were included in this study, 8 NAT cases and 22 matched controls. Clinical outcomes have been previously reported. Minimal to no SPARC expression was noted in either group of tumor cells. However, stromal SPARC expression was markedly reduced in NAT group (mean 2.88 ± 0.69%) compared to controls (28.43 ± 5.80%; p = 0.0002). Ki-67 was also reduced in NAT group compared to controls (10.5 ± 2.83% vs. 36.76 ± 4.32%; p = 0.0004). TUNEL stain revealed a trend toward lower levels in NAT group (mean 1.13 ± 0.30% vs. 1.62 ± 0.31%; p = 0.574). Conclusions: Tumor SPARC expression is low at baseline. Neoadjuvant nabP and Gem significantly decreased stromal SPARC and Ki-67 indices. There was no change in TUNEL expression. Additional assessments of tumor stromal microenvironment changes in association with surgical outcomes are ongoing.
Interventional Cardiology
Authors: Hector O. Ventura, Michael T. Miller
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Specific induction of neuronal cells from bone marrow stromal cells and application for autologous transplantation
Authors: Mari Dezawa, Hiroshi Kanno, Mikio Hoshino, Hirotomi Cho, Naoya Matsumoto, Yutaka Itokazu, Nobuyoshi Tajima, Hitoshi Yamada, Hajime Sawada, Hiroto Ishikawa, Toshirou Mimura, Masaaki Kitada, Yoshihisa Suzuki, Chizuka Ide
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2004)

Bone marrow stromal cells (MSCs) have the capability under specific conditions of differentiating into various cell types such as osteocytes, chondrocytes, and adipocytes. Here we demonstrate a highly efficient and specific induction of cells with neuronal characteristics, without glial differentiation, from both rat and human MSCs using gene transfection with Notch intracellular domain (NICD) and subsequent treatment with bFGF, forskolin, and ciliary neurotrophic factor. MSCs expressed markers related to neural stem cells after transfection with NICD, and subsequent trophic factor administration induced neuronal cells. Some of them showed voltage-gated fast sodium and delayed rectifier potassium currents and action potentials compatible with characteristics of functional neurons. Further treatment of the induced neuronal cells with glial cell line–derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) increased the proportion of tyrosine hydroxylase–positive and dopamine-producing cells. Transplantation of these GDNF-treated cells showed improvement in apomorphine-induced rotational behavior and adjusting step and paw-reaching tests following intrastriatal implantation in a 6-hydroxy dopamine rat model of Parkinson disease. This study shows that a population of neuronal cells can be specifically generated from MSCs and that induced cells may allow for a neuroreconstructive approach.
Author's reply
Authors: Paul S. Wissel
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1988)

Dr. Conrad describes a homosexual male with an onset of PCT symptoms shortly prior (i.e., 4 weeks) to the classic prodrome of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.It would be interesting to analyse the liver biopsy obtained during the diagnostic work-up for the hemesynthetic enzymes as well as the classic functional enzymes of the mixed function oxidase system.In addition, a more inclusive medical history as to intravenous drug use, ethanol consumption, and occupational toxin exposure of the patient would be useful as well.Dr. Conrad does not present any speculative evidence on the underlying mechanism that would lead to a more rapid pro-gression of the virulent virus in a state of excess porphyrin production-which would be welcome in the early discussions of the noncoincidental association of two disease processes.I am grateful to Dr. Conrad for the presentation of the fourth case of PCT heralding the onset of AIDS and would be interested in any follow-up provided.
PS-030-Cure of hepatitis C virus has limited impact on the functional and mitochondrial impairment of HCV-specific CD8+ T-cell responses
Authors: Amare Aregay, Solomon Owusu Sekyere, Katja Deterdig, Kerstin Port, Julia Dietz, Caterina Bertowski, Michael P. Manns, Markus Cornberg, Heiner Wedemeyer
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2019)
Authors and editors in the seventh decade
Authors: A. Soffer
Journal: JAMA (1966)

The increase in the number of publications from departmental and interdepartmental teams of investigators within academic centers represents a striking trend in medical literature in this century. Is this phenomenon an editorial vagary or is it related to fundamental changes in medical practice and clinical investigation? Transformations in medical communication can be understood only in the context of dramatic sociological changes which have occurred in this country in the past 60 years. Subdivision of practitioners into numerous specialties became feasible as an agrarian society became an urban-centered civilization and large numbers of physicians gravitated to metropolitan areas. The recent explosion of medical knowledge gave further impetus to specialization, for it became more difficult for the individual to master the burgeoning technical contributions. More and more, practice became a team effort, and the increasing number of clinics testifies to the desire for clinicians to band together to provide comprehensive service. Charles
Twist promotes tumor metastasis in basal-like breast cancer by transcriptionally upregulating ROR1: Erratum
Authors: Jingying Cao, Xin Wang, Tao Dai, Yuanzhong Wu, Meifang Zhang, Renxian Cao, Ruhua Zhang, Gang Wang, Rou Jiang, Binhua P. Zhou, Jian Shi, Tiebang Kang
Journal: Theranostics (2020)
Erratum to “A Novel Model of SCID-X1 Reconstitution Reveals Predisposition to Retrovirus-induced Lymphoma but No Evidence of γC Gene Oncogenicity”
Authors: Linda Scobie, R Hector, Louise Grant, Margaret Bell, Anne Neilsen, Sharon Meikle, Adrain Philbey, Adrain Thrasher, Ewan Cameron, Karen Blyth, James Neil, Ralph Hector, Anne Nielsen
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2009)
ELECTROLYTIC DISSOCIATION OF INORGANIC SALTS INTO IONS.
Journal: JAMA (1901)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Massive hepatic necrosis following portacaval shunt. Report of two cases and considerations of liver hemodynamics after shunt
Authors: L. C. Koenemann
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Complications of portacaval-shunt procedure are many and varied. In two cases of a hitherto undescribed complication, massive "anoxic pseudolobular necrosis" of the hepatic parenchyma developed immediately following side-to-side procedures. Factors other than the anastomosis (gastrointestinal bleeding and shock) were operative in one of the cases, but no explanation other than hemodynamic alterations in the liver following the shunt procedure were found in the second case. Although previously unreported, earlier stages of this complication may be the basis for many of the immediate postoperative deaths labeled "hepatic coma" or "hepatic failure" by different authors.
Correction
Journal: BMJ (1957)

There is no evidence, at present, that antibodies characteristic of infectious mononucleosis ever arise during the course of any other disease.3In fact, if the differential absorption test is always performed the possibility of a false positive result will be limited to those very rare occasions when antibodies persisting from a previously undiagnosed attack of infectious mononucleosis are found for the first time during the investigation of some other condition.
Treatment of Morphine-Type Dependence by Withdrawal Methods
Journal: JAMA (1972)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Biologically Based Pesticide Dose Estimates for Children in an Agricultural Community
Authors: Richard A. Fenske, John C. Kissel, Chensheng Lu, David A. Kalman, Nancy J. Simcox, Emily H. Allen, Matthew C. Keifer
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2000)

Current pesticide health risk assessments in the United States require the characterization of aggregate exposure and cumulative risk in the setting of food tolerances. Biologic monitoring can aggregate exposures from all sources and routes, and can integrate exposures for chemicals with a common mechanism of action. Its value was demonstrated in a recent study of organophosphorus (OP) pesticide exposure among 109 children in an agricultural community in Washington State; 91 of the children had parents working in agriculture. We estimated individual OP pesticide doses from urinary metabolite concentrations with a deterministic steady state model, and compared them to toxicologic reference values. We evaluated doses by assuming that metabolites were attributable entirely to either azinphos-methyl or phosmet, the two OP pesticides used most frequently in the region. Creatinine-adjusted average dose estimates during the 6- to 8-week spraying season ranged from 0 to 36 microg/kg/day. For children whose parents worked in agriculture as either orchard applicators or as fieldworkers, 56% of the doses estimated for the spray season exceeded the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) chronic dietary reference dose, and 19% exceeded the World Health Organization acceptable daily intake values for azinphos-methyl. The corresponding values for children whose parents did not work in agriculture were 44 and 22%, respectively. The percentage of children exceeding the relevant reference values for phosmet was substantially lower (< 10%). Single-day dose estimates ranged from 0 to 72 microg/kg/day, and 26% of these exceeded the EPA acute reference dose for azinphos-methyl. We also generated dose estimates by adjustment for total daily urine volume, and these estimates were consistently higher than the creatinine-adjusted estimates. None of the dose estimates exceeded the empirically derived no-observable-adverse-effect levels for these compounds. The study took place in an agricultural region during a period of active spraying, so the dose estimates for this population should not be considered representative of exposures in the general population. The findings indicate that children living in agricultural regions represent an important subpopulation for public health evaluation, and that their exposures fall within a range of regulatory concern. They also demonstrate that biologically based exposure measures can provide data for health risk evaluations in such populations.