tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract P001: Early Loss of Ideal LDL in Multi-Ethnic Populations: Why Focusing on Young Adults is Needed to Achieve the AHA 2020 Goals
Authors: Joseph Engeda, Katelyn Holliday, Shakia Hardy, Sujatro Chakladar, Gerardo Heiss, Christy Avery
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: Ideal low density lipoprotein (LDL) levels are associated with lower cardiovascular disease morbidity and mortality and the National Cholesterol Education Program has identified LDL as the primary target for cholesterol lowering treatment. The prevalence of poor LDL has decreased since the 1970’s, however 27% of U.S. adults still have poor LDL levels. Few studies have characterized the transitions from ideal to intermediate to poor LDL levels in different life epochs and in minorities using contemporary data. Methods: Cross-sectional 2007-2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data (N = 11,140) and 2008-2011 Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL) data (N = 15,262) were used to estimate the age-, race-, and sex- specific prevalence of ideal (&lt;100 mg/dL untreated), intermediate (100-140 mg/dL or treated to goal), or poor (&gt;140 mg/dL) among European American (EA), African American (AA) and Hispanic/Latino (HL) adults ≥20 years of age. We then used these data and novel Markov-type models to estimate race/ethnic- and sex-specific net transition probabilities between ideal, intermediate, and poor LDL. Results: At age 20 the prevalence of ideal LDL ranged from 44% (HL men) to 64% (EA women).Variation in the loss of ideal LDL was also observed by race/ethnicity and gender. For example, among EA men aged 20, a net 4.6% (95% CI: 3.9%-5.3%) transitioned from ideal to intermediate LDL levels by age 21, net transitions that were 30% higher than net transitions estimated for EA women aged 20, for whom a net 3.3% (95% CI: 2.3%-4.3%) transitioned from ideal to intermediate LDL levels by age 21. Movement from ideal to intermediate LDL levels in adulthood also peaked at earlier ages among men (EA=27, AA=28, and HL= 31) than among women (EA=36, AA=35, and HL=45), with the largest transitions occurring among EA men [net transition probability of 5.6% (95% CI: 4.6%-6.6%)]. In addition, net transition patterns favored movement from intermediate to poor LDL levels across the life course, with adult net transitions peaking at age 20 among EA and AA men and approximately 10 years later among EA women, AA women, and HL men. Net transitions peaked at the latest ages among HL women [age 36, net transition probability = 2.7% (95% CI: 2.4%-3.1%)]. Conclusions: Loss of ideal LDL begins early in life and shows divergent patterns by gender and race. Difficulties re-attaining ideal LDL once classified as intermediate or poor support interventions that promote ideal LDL levels in younger ages, especially in men.
VIRCHOW AND MODERN PATHOLOGY
Journal: JAMA (1922)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Xenoestrogens Released from Lacquer Coatings in Food Cans
Authors: Jose Antonio Brotons, Maria Fatima Olea-Serrano, Mercedes Villalobos, Vicente Pedraza, Nicolas Olea
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1995)

We present data showing that some foods preserved in lacquer-coated cans and the liquid in them may acquire estrogenic activity. Hormonal activity was measured using the E-screen bioassay. The biological activity of vegetables packed in cans was a result of plastic monomers used in manufacturing the containers. The plastic monomer bisphenol-A, identified by mass spectrometry, was found as a contaminant not only in the liquid of the preserved vegetables but also in water autoclaved in the cans. The amount of bisphenol-A in the extracts accounted for all the hormonal activity measured. Although the presence of other xenoestrogens cannot be ruled out, it is apparent that all estrogenic activity in these cans was due to bisphenol-A leached from the lacquer coating. The use of plastic in food-packaging materials may require closer scrutiny to determine whether epoxy resins and polycarbonates contribute to human exposure to xenoestrogens.
Status report on computerized ECG analysis
Authors: M. Ariet
Journal: JAMA (1978)

COMPUTER analysis of ECGs has been evolving during the past 15 years. In 1976, an estimated 80 million ECGs were performed in the United States, and approximately 4 million of these were analyzed by computers.<sup>1</sup>In the past two years, three factors have combined to accelerate the rate of utilization of this method: the clinical diagnostic accuracy of some programs has increased to a level at which some clinicians have judged the programs to be useful to them in their care of patients; comprehensive computer systems have been made available that allow users to perform editing of interpretations, organization of reports, and billing; and the price-performance ratio of computer equipment has decreased substantially. <h3>Diagnostic Accuracy</h3> The most important variable in the evaluation of the potential benefits of this method of ECG analysis is the diagnostic accuracy of the computer programs. Unfortunately, this variable is very difficult to measure, and
W.H.O. in europe.
Journal: BMJ (1972)

OCTOBER 1972 on the risks of future children being affected the specific genetic syndromes should first be considered.The recurrence risk will be that for the syndrome.In cases due to progestin or sex chromosome anomalies the risk for future offspring will usually be sma For the rest, the empirical risk for later brothers of patients born to unaffected fathers may be taken to be about 10%.1 S0rensen, H. R. Hypospadias with Special Reference to Aetiology.
Die Abwehrkräfte des menschlichen Körpers und die Möglichkeit der therapeutischen Beeinflussung
Journal: JAMA (1934)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Erythroblastosis Fetalis
Authors: Fred H. Allen, Louis K. Diamond
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1957)

Erythroblastosis in the Newborn InfantWe have seen that erythroblastosis is a problem principally of blood destruction and regeneration, the threat of severe anemia being practically the only threat to the life and well-being of the fetus. Once the baby is born, the problem of anemia becomes a minor one because transfusions are now possible. If the fetus is already severely anemic and has congestive heart failure, it may be at a serious disadvantage after birth because of pulmonary edema (as discussed below in the section on treatment). However, the most important problem after birth is that of jaundice and . . .
Hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: Ralf Küppers, Andreas Engert, Martin-Leo Hansmann
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2012)

Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), a B cell-derived cancer, is one of the most common lymphomas. In HL, the tumor cells--Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg (HRS) cells--are usually very rare in the tissue. Although HRS cells are derived from mature B cells, they have largely lost their B cell phenotype and show a very unusual co-expression of markers of various hematopoietic cell types. HRS cells show deregulated activation of multiple signaling pathways and transcription factors. The activation of these pathways and factors is partly mediated through interactions of HRS cells with various other types of cells in the microenvironment, but also through genetic lesions. The transforming events involved in the pathogenesis of HL are only partly understood, but mutations affecting the NF-κB and JAK/STAT pathways are frequent. The dependency of HRS cells on microenvironmental interactions and deregulated signaling pathways may offer novel strategies for targeted therapies.
Abstract 2486: Early Diastolic Mitral Annulus Lengthening Velocity Reflects Coupling between Systolic and Diastolic Function
Authors: Anders Opdahl, Espen W Remme, Thomas Helle-Valle, Trond Vartdal, Eirik Pettersen, Maja Elstad, Thor Edvardsen, Lars Walloe, Otto A Smiseth
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background: Peak early-diastolic mitral annulus velocity (E’) by tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) has been introduced as a marker of diastolic function. This study investigates mechanisms of E’. Methods: In 7 anesthetized dogs we measured E’ and systolic long-axis shortening (SS) by sonomicrometry and TDI, and the time constant ( tau ) of LV relaxation by micromanometer. In 8 healthy subjects (HS) we measured E’ by TDI and SS by M-mode echo at baseline and during lower body negative pressure (LBNP). We studied 6 patients with myocardial infarction, acutely and after 6 –12 months. Results: In dogs there was a strong correlation between E’ and SS (Fig 1 ), suggesting that E’ is determined primarily by systolic function. However, during ischemia which increased tau (p&lt;&lt;med&gt;0.01) , the relationship between E’ and LV end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP), shifted markedly downwards (Fig 2 ). During volume loading which increased LVEDP (p&lt;0.01), the relationship between E’ and tau shifted markedly upwards (Fig 3 ). Consistent with findings in dogs, healthy subjects demonstrated a strong correlation between E’ and SS during LBNP (Fig 4 ). However, in patients with chronic myocardial infarction the relationship between E’ and systolic shortening was shifted downwards (Fig 4 ). Conclusions: During a wide range of hemodynamic conditions there were strong correlations between E’ and SS. The shifts in the relationships between E’ and LVEDP during ischemia and between E’ and tau during volume loading, indicates that diastolic function modulates E’. These observations indicate a tight coupling between systolic and diastolic function, and challenge the concept that E’ is a specific marker of LV relaxation. Fig 1 Experimental study Fig 2 Experimental study Fig 3 Experimental study Fig 4 Clinical study
Mechanical ventilation for the elderly patient in intensive care. Incremental changes and benefits
Authors: I. L. Cohen
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of prolonged mechanical ventilation in patients 80 years of age and older in the intensive care unit (ICU). <h3>Design.</h3> —A retrospective review of consecutive ICU patients requiring 3 or more days of mechanical ventilation. Cost-effectiveness analysis was performed by assessing incremental hospital charges from hospital billing records; charges were then related to years of life saved. A telephone survey was used to follow up hospital survivors for a minimum of 4 years after discharge. <h3>Setting.</h3> —A 20-bed medical-surgical ICU in a 420-bed, tertiary-care community teaching hospital. <h3>Patients.</h3> —The study included all patients aged 80 years or older taken from a comprehensive database of all patients admitted to the ICU requiring mechanical ventilation from April 1,1985, through October 31, 1987 (n=512). Of 59 potential candidates, 45 were found to have complete billing records and were the subject of further analysis. <h3>Results.</h3> —Of the 45 patients in the group under analysis, 10 survived to leave the hospital. Of these, two were alive and one could not be located at the time of follow-up. The charge per year of life saved is estimated to be between $51 854 and $75 090 in 1985-1987 dollars. Of 22 patients whose age in years plus duration of mechanical ventilation in days totaled 100 or greater, only two survived hospitalization and neither was alive at follow-up. The cost per year of life saved in this subset of patients was $181 308 in 1985-1987 dollars. One of these patients was discharged to a nursing home and died there 4.5 years later, after multiple hospital readmissions. The other patient died at home 2 months after hospital discharge. <h3>Conclusion.</h3> —Based on hospital charges and life expectancy, the cost-effectiveness of prolonged mechanical ventilation in ICU patients age 80 years and over was poor in our population when the combination of age and duration of mechanical ventilation exceeded 100. Further studies using this type of analysis may prove valuable in both clinical and administrative decision-making processes. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1993;269:1025-1029)
Cannabis arteritis
Authors: P. Combemale, T. Consort, L. Denis-Thelis, J-L. Estival, M. Dupin, J. Kanitakis
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2005)

Journal Article Cannabis arteritis Get access P. Combemale, P. Combemale Department of Dermatology, Desgenettes Hospital, 108 Bd Pinel, 69003 Lyon, France *Department of Dermatology, Ed. Herriot Hospital, 5 Place d'Arsonval, 69003 Lyon, France Patrick Combemale. E‐mail: pacombemale@wanadoo.fr Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar T. Consort, T. Consort Department of Dermatology, Desgenettes Hospital, 108 Bd Pinel, 69003 Lyon, France *Department of Dermatology, Ed. Herriot Hospital, 5 Place d'Arsonval, 69003 Lyon, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar L. Denis‐Thelis, L. Denis‐Thelis Department of Dermatology, Desgenettes Hospital, 108 Bd Pinel, 69003 Lyon, France *Department of Dermatology, Ed. Herriot Hospital, 5 Place d'Arsonval, 69003 Lyon, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J‐L. Estival, J‐L. Estival Department of Dermatology, Desgenettes Hospital, 108 Bd Pinel, 69003 Lyon, France *Department of Dermatology, Ed. Herriot Hospital, 5 Place d'Arsonval, 69003 Lyon, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. Dupin, M. Dupin Department of Dermatology, Desgenettes Hospital, 108 Bd Pinel, 69003 Lyon, France *Department of Dermatology, Ed. Herriot Hospital, 5 Place d'Arsonval, 69003 Lyon, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. Kanitakis J. Kanitakis Department of Dermatology, Desgenettes Hospital, 108 Bd Pinel, 69003 Lyon, France *Department of Dermatology, Ed. Herriot Hospital, 5 Place d'Arsonval, 69003 Lyon, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 152, Issue 1, 1 January 2005, Pages 166–169, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2005.06340.x Published: 01 January 2005 Article history Accepted: 05 August 2004 Published: 01 January 2005
Contempo '81. Public health and preventive medicine
Authors: D. R. Peterson
Journal: JAMA (1981)

Epidemiology, the scientific discipline that is basic to public health and preventive medicine, has attained unprecedented acceptance among both health professionals and the public. Competition for training remains keen; not all potential students can be accommodated by existing programs. New organizations and periodicals dedicated to epidemiology have been created and the news media have perceived that the activity of epidemiologists is frequently newsworthy. Despite these ostensible signs of success, some epidemiologists question whether epidemiology today is all that it could or should be. <h3>Risk Factors</h3> Risk factors have received considerable publicity in the last few years—often without sufficient caution concerning their implications. Identification of risk factors stems from statistical associations between population subsets and, therefore, does not explicitly quantify risk for a specific individual. For any particular disease, one can never be sure if the known risk factors constitute a complete collection. Furthermore, any particular risk factor contributes only partially
Symptomatic Care of Patients With Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis-Reply
Authors: Forbes Norris
Journal: JAMA (1976)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> We thank Dr Rivera for the suggestion of using trihexyphenidyl for control of sialorrhea. His observation regarding the adverse effect of dentrolene sodium in the ALS patient seems to be a common one. It was for this reason that we chose to avoid mentioning use of this drug, although we had not yet accumulated enough experience with the drug at the time of writing to caution against its use. The criticism by Mr Schindler that our article understates the need for proper attention to the psychiatric aspect of the caring for the ALS patient is disappointing, since it was our intention to describe a balanced program of care. Implicit within the criticism is the notion that the dying patient is a psychiatric cripple. It is certainly the case that terminal ALS patients are cripples, but they are not psychiatric cripples. They are able to consider the merits of
Abstract MP96: Dysglycemia and Mortality in Older Adults With and Without Diabetes
Authors: Priya Palta, Elbert S Huang, Rita R Kalyani, Sherita H Golden, Frederick L Brancati, Hsin C Yeh
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Studies in middle-aged adults report higher levels of glycated hemoglobin are associated with increased risk of mortality in non-diabetic individuals. Few studies have sufficient data to assess this association in older adults. We analyzed data from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1988-1994), Continuous NHANES (1999-2004), and their linked mortality data (through December 2006) to determine the risk of mortality by levels of HbA1c in older adults with and without diabetes. All analyses are weighted to represent the US population and to account for the complex survey design. Cox proportional hazard models examining the relationship between HbA1c and mortality were adjusted for age, sex, race, education, body mass index, smoking status, HDL cholesterol and hypertension. At baseline, in 7,405 adults, age ≥65 with HbA1c data (42.9% men; 7.5% black; 2.4% Mexican; mean age 73.5 (0.13)), 22.8% had clinically diagnosed diabetes (defined as self-reported physician diagnosis of diabetes and/or use of insulin or hypoglycemic medications). Over a median follow-up of 7.8 years, 4,625 participants (41.9%; 68.1 per 1000 person-years) died due to cardiovascular disease (CVD; n=1520) or non-CVD (n=3105). Non-diabetic older adults with a HbA1c between 5.7-6.4% (defined as “at risk for diabetes” by the American Diabetes Association) had a significantly greater risk of all-cause (HR: 1.39; 95% CI: 1.03-1.89) and non-CVD (HR: 1.55; 95% CI: 1.13-2.13) mortality compared to those with HbA1c&lt;5.0% (referent). In older diabetic adults, there was a graded increase in mortality risk with significant associations found between HbA1c and all-cause (HR: 1.90; 95% CI: 1.13-3.28) and CVD (HR: 2.67; 95% CI: 1.17-6.09) mortality, in analyses comparing participants with a HbA1c between 8.0-8.9% to those with HbA1c &lt;6.5% (referent). These data from a large, nationally representative sample of older adults indicate that dysglycemia is associated with increased mortality risk in older adults with and without diabetes.
CUTANEOUS MONILIASIS ASSOCIATED WITH ORAL THRUSH. J. G. Downing and J. B. Hazard. (Arch. of Derm. and Syph., May, 1935, xxxi, p. 636.)
Authors: J. M. H. M.
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1935)

Journal Article CUTANEOUS MONILIASIS ASSOCIATED WITH ORAL THRUSH. J. G. Downing and J. B. Hazard. (Arch. of Derm. and Syph., May, 1935, xxxi, p. 636.) Get access J. M. H. M. J. M. H. M. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology and Syphilis, Volume 47, Issue 11, 1 November 1935, Pages 488–489, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1935.tb10231.x Published: 01 November 1935
Precocious Pregnancy.
Authors: N. Stone Scott
Journal: JAMA (1898)

Cleveland, Ohio, July 16, 1898. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —The letters in the last number of theJournal, on "Precocious Pregnancy," remind me of a case that I saw a couple of years ago. Through the courtesy of my friends, Dr. and Mrs. Lukens, I learned the personal history of the case. The girl menstruated first at the age of 11 years and three months. She immediately became pregnant and was delivered at full term by a rather tedious delivery, although otherwise normal, of a large, well-developed child. Both mother and child did well. The father, at the birth of the baby, was just 14 years old. Sincerely yours.
Intestinal Electrolyte Transport and Diarrheal Disease
Authors: Franklin H. Epstein, Michael Field, Mrinalini C. Rao, Eugene B. Chang
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1989)

(First of Two Parts)EACH year, throughout the world, more than 5 million people, 80 percent of whom are under one year of age, die of acute, infectious diarrhea.1 The gravity of diarrheal illnesses is due largely to the immense secretory capacity of the intestinal tract, a capacity greater than that of any other organ system. All segments of the tract, from the proximal duodenum to the rectum, can secrete water and electrolytes. Adults with cholera sometimes excrete more than 1 liter of fluid per hour for several days when adequately rehydrated.2 The active secretion of water and electrolytes has . . .