tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Pampered Patients
Authors: L. Mitchell
Journal: BMJ (1969)

Background/Aims: In the UK, effective COPD management is guided by compliance with NICE guidelines within a national quality outcomes framework. We sought to benchmark existing standards of care and measure changes in identified areas for improvement to comply with NICE guidance following focused educational initiatives. Methods: Baseline data were captured using 9Patient Outcomes and Information Service9 (POINTS) software for all patients with COPD within the cluster population across 25 practices. Additional data was recorded during ongoing screening and clinical case review to measure changes in key parameters over 12 months from November 2011 to November 2012. Relevant outcomes were selected to align with NICE guidance. Results: Benchmarking and progress were reported for a total of 2521 COPD patients. Over a 12 month period, 212 new COPD diagnoses were made, with 67% (n=1694) of existing patients undergoing clinical review. The proportion of patients receiving a NICE standard patient review increased from 51% (n=2309) to 61% (n=2521). Exacerbation frequency recording increased from 20% (n=1219) to 72% (n=1694) and CAT score recording from 7.2% (n=1219) to 69.7% (n=1694). Self-management plan creation increased from 2.6% (n=1694) to 43.1% (n=1694) and referral and uptake of pulmonary rehabilitation from 2.1% (n=1219) to 21.9% (n=1694). Allied with this, a 6.25% reduction in COPD-related hospital admissions was reported, compared to the national average decrease of 1.06%. Conclusions: Benchmarking with focused medical education towards identified areas for improvement improves patient COPD management in primary care.
EXTH-62. THE DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES OF MALIGNANT GLIOMA TISSUE
Authors: Martin Proescholdt, Amer Haj, Christian Doenitz, Alexander Brawanski, Zeev Bomzon, Hadas Hershkovich
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2018)

Recently, tumor treating fields (TTFields) have been established as a new treatment for newly diagnosed glioblastoma (GBM). One of the most crucial parameters defining the treatment efficacy of TTFields is the electric field intensity. The electric properties of the normal intracranial compartments are well established, allowing the prediction of the electric field distribution. In contrast, there is no data available about the electric properties of tumor tissue, which leads to a lack of information regarding the electric field intensity within the tumor. In this study we will determine the dieclectric properties of malignant glioma by analyzing resected tissue following a fast acquisition protocol. 20 patients with high grade glioma are currently being recruited. Tissue probes are acquired from the infiltration zone, vital tumor area, and perinecrotic compartment. The tissue was analyzed immediately after acquisition to avoid artifacts by temperature change, change of fluid composition as well as post resection ischemia. A cylindrical fragment is dissected from each tissue sample and is placed into a cylindrical cell with a known diameter. The impedance is recorded at frequencies 20Hz-1MHz using a software specifically developed for this study, which controls the LCR meter (Keysight Technologies, Santa Rosa, USA). The measured impedance is then translated into dielectric properties of the sample (conductivity and relative permittivity) based on the parallel plate model, the recorded complex impedance and the geometry of the samples. Each tissue probe will be fixed, H&E stained and histologically analyzed for tumor cell count and specific tissue features (infiltration into normal brain, vital tumor area, necrosis). The study has received a positive vote from the Ethical Board of the University Regensburg Medical Center. The first patients are being recruited, the actual results will be evaluated and presented during the meeting.
PALLIATIVE PITUITARY ABLATION
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Acute Diverticulitis
Authors: L.B. Ferzoco, V. Raptopoulos, W. Silen
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1998)

The acquired form of diverticular disease is extremely common in Western society, affecting approximately 5 to 10 percent of the population over 45 years old and almost 80 percent of those over 85.1 It is estimated that symptomatic diverticulitis will develop in only 20 percent of patients with diverticula. The terms diverticulosis and diverticular disease usually refer simply to the presence of uninflamed diverticula. The scheme devised by Hinchey et al.2 is a useful way to classify the varieties of inflammatory conditions encountered in patients with diverticular disease. Stage I encompasses patients with small confined pericolonic abscesses, whereas patients with . . .
Endarterectomy for Asymptomatic Carotid Artery Stenosis
Authors: Eugene Oddone, Kevin Waters
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Because the number of patients screened (42 000) greatly exceeded the number of patients randomized (1662), the generalizability of the ACAS<sup>1</sup>results needs to be examined more closely. Although the ACAS authors were careful in their report, they failed to highlight the danger of applying their results to the general population. The public policy implication of the ACAS results will most likely affect truly asymptomatic patients (only 46% of ACAS study patients). Furthermore, primary care clinicians will wonder whether or not to screen these patients. What ACAS authors failed to emphasize is that screening truly asymptomatic patients with noninvasive tests, performing carotid angiography on all patients with positive tests, and finally performing carotid endarterectomy on patients with greater than 60% stenosis of any internal carotid artery will never prevent strokes in the long run. The problem arises because the prevalence of carotid artery stenosis (&gt;60%) in
ABSTRACTS
Journal: Circulation (1959)

The authors point out the failure of the Quick test to predict hemorrhage and thrombosis in some patients under long-term anticoagulant therapy with couinarin-type derivatives.The re- sponse of 5 patients given warfarin intravenously indicated that the Quick test measures mostly proconvertin and is influenced very little by the circulating levels of prothrombin, Stuart factor, and plasma thromboplastin component.The pro- thrombin concentrations and Quick times of 84 patients on phenindione over the course of 18 months were determined.In half the patients the 2 tests varied so that the Quick time could not be relied upon to derive an estimate of pro- thrombin.In this series there were 23 bleeding episodes and 10 possible thrombotic episodes.These episodes correlated quite well with the pro- thrombin concentration but poorly with the Quick time.These findings indicate that both the Quick time and the prothrombin concentration should be measured in the management of patients under prolonged anticoagulant treatment.The thera- peutic range is considered to lie at a prothrombin concentration of 12 to 25 per cent when the Quick time is under 40 seconds.SAGALL 300
ROENTGENOGRAPHICALLY NEGATIVE PULPLESS TEETH AS FOCI OF INFECTION
Journal: JAMA (1933)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
PROTECTIVE VACCINATION AGAINST CHOLERA.
Journal: JAMA (1892)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Review of Fifteen Years' Experience with Gastrectomy in a Community Hospital
Authors: Paul R. Hinchey
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1955)

FROM 1939 to 1953 only 46 gastrectomies were performed at the Salem Hospital for carcinoma of the stomach. This is 39 per cent of all patients in whom this discharge diagnosis was made. Unoperated patients in whom no biopsy was obtained may be a minor source of diagnostic error. It is gratifying to observe the steady increase in the number of resectable cases as reported in large series throughout the country. Welch and Allen45 reported a resectability of 50 per cent at Massachusetts General Hospital from 1937 through 1946. Pack46 recently cited a rate of 65 per cent, and, even . . .
CTNI-62. CLINICAL FEATURES AND PROGNOSTIC FACTORS OF NONGERMINOMATOUS GERM CELL TUMORS IN 111 CONSECUTIVE PATIENTS IN A SINGLE INSTITUTION: IMPACT OF IRRADIATION AND CHEMOTHERAPY CYCLES ON SURVIVAL
Authors: Lei Wen, Juan Li, Qingjun Hu, Mingyao Lai, Cheng Zhou, Changguo Shan, Linbo Cai
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2020)

Abstract BACKGROUND Limited data is available in intracranial nongerminomatous germ cell tumors (NGGCTs) in Chinese population. Here we aimed to retrospectively assess the clinical-pathological and prognostic factors of NGGCTs in a single large institution in China. METHODS From June 2003 to December 2018, 111 consecutive NGGCTs were treated in Guangdong Sanjiu Brain Hospital, China. RESULTS The median follow-up was 36.2 months (range, 1.2 to 131.2 months). Three-year EFS and OS for 111 NGGCTs patients were 78.5%±4.5% and 82.8%±4.0%, respectively. 98 patients received CSI plus boost yielded better survival than those who received reduced-volume radiotherapy or no radiotherapy (3y OS, 86.7% vs. 51.4%, p=0.007). Patients had at least four cycles of chemotherapy were strongly associated with improved 3-year OS, compared to those received less than 4 cycles (94.1% vs. 63.6%, p＜0.001). There was no significant difference in survival of patients stratified by age, surgery, hydrocephalus, as well as tumor diameter. Multivariate analysis identified chemotherapy cycles less than 4 was the only prognostic factor that conferring a worse OS (p=0.003). Patients both received CSI and at least 4 courses of chemotherapy were correlated with lower incidence of relapse (p=0.044). CONCLUSIONS Multimodal approach including CSI and enough courses of chemotherapy was effective and should be recommended for the treatment of newly diagnosed NGGCTs in Chinese population.
M. Chomel on Acute and Chronic Amygdalitis
Journal: BMJ (1842)

ACUTE AND CHRONIC AMYGDALITIS.A young man, 18 years of age, was admitted into the Hotel-Dieu with acute inflammation of the tonsils.He has been subject to this disease since the age of II years, having had thirty attacks sinice then.The inflammation was always confined to the left tonsil, and generally lasted from eight to ten days.The patient says that the tumour was opened only once, and that he never remembers any pus having been discharged from it.The first attack was the most severe, and with regard to this point M. Chomel directs
TRAVEL NOTES FROM SOUTH AMERICA.
Authors: NICHOLAS SENN
Journal: JAMA (1907)

<h3>IV.* WORK OF THE NATIONAL BOARD OF PUBLIC HEALTH OF THE REPUBLIC OF BRAZIL.</h3> Since the country was invaded by Europeans nearly four hundred years ago, many hard battles have been fought on the soil of Brazil for possession, power and personal gain and influence. In many of these wars, Justice was blindfolded and victories were won by superior intelligence and greater effectiveness of arms, regardless of the causes which led to strife and bloodshed. The greatest and most honorable warfare in which Brazil ever engaged, however, is now being waged, and victory after victory has crowned her fighting forces, armed not with implements of war, but with the silent arms of science, which have destroyed the most formidable foe of the country, the death-dealing microbes of the most dangerous acute transmissible diseases—yellow fever and bubonic plague. What Colonel Gorgas has accomplished in the Canal Zone and the cities of
The national program for cancer chemotherapy
Authors: C. G. Zubrod
Journal: JAMA (1972)

In 1955, the National Cancer Institute (NCI) established a national program for cancer chemotherapy.<sup>1</sup>At that time several drugs could effect transient remissions in widespread cancer. However, exploitation of these drug-induced remissions was not possible because the resources required were beyond the capacity of existing instrumentalities, such as the universities and pharmaceutical industry. The intent in 1955 was to organize a drug development program on a valid scientific base, but this could not be done until the precise correlation of drug effects in animals and man was known. Establishment and calibration of the appropriate models took ten years, and based on these correlations, in 1965 NCI instituted its present operation of drug development.<sup>1</sup>Since 1965, NCI has refined this empiric blueprint as dictated by experience and new data.<sup>2,3</sup>The correlations were also used for the definition of the theoretical problems of chemical control of cancer.<sup>1</sup>The
CORRECTION
Journal: JAMA (1921)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Coexpression of ATP-binding cassette proteins ABCG5 and ABCG8 permits their transport to the apical surface
Authors: Gregory A. Graf, Wei-Ping Li, Robert D. Gerard, Ingrid Gelissen, Ann White, Jonathan C. Cohen, Helen H. Hobbs
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2002)

Mutations in either ATP-binding cassette (ABC) G5 or ABCG8 cause sitosterolemia, an autosomal recessive disorder of sterol trafficking. To determine the site of action of ABCG5 and ABCG8, we expressed recombinant, epitope-tagged mouse ABCG5 and ABCG8 in cultured cells. Both ABCG5 and ABCG8 underwent N-linked glycosylation. When either protein was expressed individually in cells, the N-linked sugars remained sensitive to Endoglycosidase H (Endo H). When ABCG5 and ABCG8 were coexpressed, the attached sugars were Endo H–resistant and neuraminidase-sensitive, indicating that the proteins were transported to the trans-Golgi complex. The mature, glycosylated forms of ABCG5 and ABCG8 coimmunoprecipitated, consistent with heterodimerization of these two proteins. The Endo H–sensitive forms of ABCG5 and ABCG8 were confined to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), whereas the mature forms were present in non-ER fractions in cultured hepatocytes. Immunoelectron microscopy revealed ABCG5 and ABCG8 on the plasma membrane of these cells. In polarized WIF-B cells, recombinant ABCG5 localized to the apical (canalicular) membrane when coexpressed with ABCG8, but not when expressed alone. To our knowledge this is the first direct demonstration that trafficking of an ABC half-transporter to the cell surface requires the presence of its dimerization partner.
PELVIC DISEASE IN WOMEN, AND INSANITY.
Authors: GEORGE H. ROHE
Journal: JAMA (1995)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Bay or Baylike Regions of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Were Potent Inhibitors of Gap Junctional Intercellular Communication
Authors: Liliane M. Weis, Alisa M. Rummel, Susan J. Masten, James E. Trosko, Brad L. Upham
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1998)

Many polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are known carcinogens, and a considerable amount of research has been devoted to predicting the tumor-initiating potential of PAHs based on chemical structure. However, there has been little research into the effects of PAHs on the epigenetic events of tumor promotion and no structural correlation has been made thereof. Gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC) activity was used in this study as an epigenetic biomarker to determine the structure-activity relationships of twelve different PAHs. The PAHs used were naphthalene, 1-methylnaphthalene, 2-methylnaphthalene, anthracene, 1-methylanthracene, 2-methylanthracene, 9-methylanthracene, 9, 10-dimethylanthracene, phenanthrene, fluorene, 1-methylfluorene, and fluoranthene. Results showed that PAHs containing bay or baylike regions inhibited GJIC more than did the linear PAHs. The nonnaphthalene PAHs were not cytotoxic as determined by a vital dye uptake assay, but the naphthalene compounds were cytotoxic at the higher doses, indicating that the down regulation of GJIC by these naphthalenes could be a consequence of general membrane damage. Inhibition of GJIC by all the inhibitory PAHs was reversed when the cells were refreshed with PAH-free growth medium. Inhibition of GJIC occurred within 0.5-5 min and correlated with the aqueous solubility of the PAHs. The present study revealed that there are structural determinants of epigenetic toxicity as determined by GJIC activity.
Effects of Enalapril on Mortality in Severe Congestive Heart Failure
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1987)

To evaluate the influence of the angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor enalapril (2.5 to 40 mg per day) on the prognosis of severe congestive heart failure (New York Heart Association [NYHA] functional class IV), we randomly assigned 253 patients in a double-blind study to receive either placebo (n = 126) or enalapril (n = 127). Conventional treatment for heart failure, including the use of other vasodilators, was continued in both groups. Follow-up averaged 188 days (range, 1 day to 20 months). The crude mortality at the end of six months (primary end point) was 26 percent in the enalapril group and 44 percent in the placebo group — a reduction of 40 percent (P = 0.002). Mortality was reduced by 31 percent at one year (P = 0.001). By the end of the study, there had been 68 deaths in the placebo group and 50 in the enalapril group — a reduction of 27 percent (P = 0.003). The entire reduction in total mortality was found to be among patients with progressive heart failure (a reduction of 50 percent), whereas no difference was seen in the incidence of sudden cardiac death. A significant improvement in NYHA classification was observed in the enalapril group, together with a reduction in heart size and a reduced requirement for other medication for heart failure. The overall withdrawal rate was similar in both groups, but hypotension requiring withdrawal occurred in seven patients in the enalapril group and in no patients in the placebo group. After the initial dose of enalapril was reduced to 2.5 mg daily in high-risk patients, this side effect was less frequent. We conclude that the addition of enalapril to conventional therapy in patients with severe congestive heart failure can reduce mortality and improve symptoms. The beneficial effect on mortality is due to a reduction in death from the progression of heart failure. (N Engl J Med 1987; 316:1429–35.)