tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Council on Pharmacy and Chemistry
Journal: JAMA (1935)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Annals of Surgery, Philadelphia
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Practice Policies: Where Do They Come From?
Authors: David M. Eddy
Journal: JAMA (1990)

RECENT changes in the methods used to create practice policies have the potential to affect the quality and cost of medical care more profoundly than all the new treatments of the past or next decade. This potential comes from the fact that changes in methods for designing policies can be expected to change the content of policies, which in turn will guide hundreds of thousands of decisions about all interventions (preventive and diagnostic, as well as treatment), for decades to come. The changes currently under way in methods for designing practice policies represent a change in the intellectual basis of medicine. The purpose of a practice policy is to anticipate and simplify decisions that would otherwise have to be made on a one-by-one basis by individual physicians and their patients.<sup>1</sup>Thus, the tasks involved in the design of a policy correspond to the two steps used by individuals for
Measles Incidence Before and After Supplementary Vaccination Activities--Lusaka, Zambia, 1996-2000
Journal: JAMA (2001)

Zambia is a sub-Saharan African country (2000 population: nine million) with approximately 10% of the population residing in the capital of Lusaka. In Zambia, measles is one of the five major causes of morbidity and mortality among children aged <5 years. During 1991-1999, the annual number of reported measles cases ranged from 1698 to 23,518. In August 1999, supplementary vaccination activities (SVAs) were conducted in Lusaka among children aged 9 months-4 years. This report summarizes measles incidence, measured by the number of patients presenting to selected medical facilities, before and after SVAs and suggests that substantial measles transmission continued despite this intervention. To improve measles control in Zambia, nationwide supplementary measles vaccination is planned for children aged 9 months-14 years in 2002.
Administrative Psychiatry
Authors: MILTON GREENBLATT
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1972)

Although management skills are urgently needed to run our nation's numerous and increasingly complex therapeutic organizations, relatively little emphasis is given to this field, and practically no formal training is required. The management field views human organizations from different perspectives: as technological systems, as systems for policy formulation and decision making, as social process, and as systems of responsibility and accountability. The social process perspective appeals especially to the psychiatrist-executive, who may view his role as that of a social system clinician. The author discusses the qualities of a good administrator and presents the stresses, strains, and rewards of the administrative life.
ORTHOSTATIC ALBUMINURIA
Authors: WILBER E. POST
Journal: JAMA (1923)

During the investigation, study and teaching of nephritis and allied conditions, there have come under our observation and been available for hospitalization or accurate control in the office numerous cases of so-called orthostatic or variable albuminuria, which have been made the subject of a special study. In our experience, every case of orthostatic albuminuria, with very rare exceptions, will become and remain albumin free, regardless of posture, exertion, time of day or urinary concentration, as long as the urine remains neutral or slightly alkaline. In three cases, alkalization failed to prevent the appearance of albumin, and, at present, we believe that, while there was no evidence of renal disease demonstrated, these cases include some slight or early element of nephritis, or belong to the group later referred to as "leaky kidneys." However, we do not claim that every case of pure orthostatic albuminuria will necessarily respond to alkalization by becoming
Diabetics' deaths: insulin pump connection?
Authors: C. Macek
Journal: JAMA (1982)

The Centers for Disease Control (CDC) in Atlanta is investigating the deaths of 11 diabetic patients who were using continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) pumps when they died. The open-loop pumps, which are used in conjunction with external home blood glucose monitors, are about the size of large paging units and inject insulin into the abdomen at a constant low rate with larger boluses injected before meals. The CDC estimates that about 4,000 pumps currently are in use in the United States, where they have been commercially available for about a year. "We're now trying to determine whether what we have here is the tip of the iceberg or the whole iceberg," says Steven Teutsch, MD, chief of operational research, Diabetes Control Activity, Center for Prevention Services at the CDC. Teutsch is preparing a short questionnaire to be sent to diabetologists, endocrinologists, and other physicians involved in pump therapy to
FOXC1-mediated LINC00301 facilitates tumor progression and triggers an immune-suppressing microenvironment in non-small cell lung cancer by regulating the HIF1α pathway
Authors: Cheng-Cao Sun, Wei Zhu, Shu-Jun Li, Wei Hu, Jian Zhang, Yue Zhuo, Han Zhang, Juan Wang, Yu Zhang, Shao-Xin Huang, Qi-Qiang He, De-Jia Li
Journal: Genome Medicine (2020)

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are extensively intricate in the tumorigenesis and metastasis of various cancer types. Nevertheless, the detailed molecular mechanisms of lncRNA in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) still remain mainly undetermined.qPCR was performed to verify LINC00301 expression in NSCLC clinical specimens or cell lines. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was conducted to identify the localization of LINC00301 in NSCLC cells. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) was subjected to validate the binding activity between FOXC1 and LINC00301 promoters. RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) was performed to explore the binding activity between LINC00301 and EZH2. RNA pull-down followed by dot-blot, protein domain mapping, and RNA electrophoresis mobility shift assay (EMSA) were conducted to identify the detailed binding regions between LINC00301 and EZH2. Alpha assay was conducted to quantitatively assess the interaction between LINC00301 and EZH2.LINC00301 is highly expressed in NSCLC and closely corelated to its prognosis by analyzing the relationship between differentially expressed lncRNAs and prognosis in NSCLC samples. in vitro and in vivo experiments revealed that LINC00301 facilitates cell proliferation, releases NSCLC cell cycle arrest, promotes cell migration and invasion, and suppresses cell apoptosis in NSCLC. In addition, LINC00301 increases regulatory T cell (Treg) while decreases CD8+ T cell population in LA-4/SLN-205-derived tumors through targeting TGF-β. The transcription factor FOXC1 mediates LINC00301 expression in NSCLC. Bioinformatics prediction and in vitro experiments indicated that LINC00301 (83-123 nucleotide [nt]) can directly bind to the enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) (612-727 amino acid [aa]) to promote H3K27me3 at the ELL protein-associated factor 2 (EAF2) promoter. EAF2 directly binds and stabilizes von Hippel-Lindau protein (pVHL), so downregulated EAF2 augments hypoxia-inducible factor 1 α (HIF1α) expression by regulating pVHL in NSCLC cells. Moreover, we also found that LINC00301 could function as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) against miR-1276 to expedite HIF1α expression in the cytoplasm of NSCLC cells.In summary, our present research revealed the oncogenic roles of LINC00301 in clinical specimens as well as cellular and animal experiments, illustrating the potential roles and mechanisms of the FOXC1/LINC00301/EZH2/EAF2/pVHL/HIF1α and FOXC1/LINC00301/miR-1276/HIF1α pathways, which provides novel insights and potential theraputic targets to NSCLC.
TARGIT E(lderly): Prospective phase II trial of intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) in elderly patients with small breast cancer.
Authors: Frederik Wenz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2019)

563 Background: TARGIT E is a prospective, multicentric single-arm phase II trial (NCT01299987; Neumaier et al. BMC Cancer 2012) that is based on the experimental arm of the protocol of the international randomized TARGIT A study. The trial was designed to investigate the efficiency of a risk-adapted approach consisting of a single dose of intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) followed by whole breast radiotherapy (WBRT) only when risk factors are present in elderly patients. Methods: Patients with low-risk breast cancer (≥70 years, cT1, cN0, cM0, invasive carcinoma of no special type) were enrolled between February 2011 and September 2014. During breast conserving surgery, a single dose of 20 Gy of low-energy IORT was given (Intrabeam, Carl Zeiss Meditec, Germany). Additional postoperative WBRT (46 – 50 Gy) was applied in case risk factors (larger size, other histology, free margin &lt; 1 cm, lymphatic vessel invasion (L1), positive nodes, multifocality/multicentricity, extensive intraductal component (EIC)) were present. Systemic therapy was applied according to international standards and guidelines. The primary outcome was the local relapse rate. Discontinuation of the trial was judged to be necessary if the local relapse rates exceed 3/4/6% at 2.5/5/7.5 years. Results: A total of 541 patients were screened. Of those 474 patients were enrolled, whereas 347 (73.1%) received IORT only, 99 (10.8%) IORT plus WBRT, 22 (4.6 %) WBRT only and 7 (1.5%) surgery only with no subsequent adjuvant therapies. After a median follow-up of 3.25 years, four ipsilateral in-breast recurrences were observed (after 11, 33, 42 and 43 months) resulting in an actuarial local relapse-free survival of 99.8% after 2.5 years and 98.5% after 5 years. Conclusions: The results of the prospective TARGIT E trial consolidate earlier reports from the randomized TARGIT A trial, supporting the use of accelerated partial breast radiotherapy (APBI) in selected patients. The observed local relapse rates at 2.5 and 5 years are far below the predefined stopping rules. Clinical trial information: NCT01299987.
Abstract 15408: Long-term Antithrombotic Management Patterns After Acute Coronary Syndromes: 2-[[Unsupported Character - Codename &amp;shy;]]years Follow-up in the EPICOR Asia Study
Authors: Yong Huo, Stephen W Lee, Jitendra P Sawhney, Hyo-Soo Kim, Rungroj Krittayaphong, Stuart J Pocock, Vo T Nhan, Chee Tang Chin, Xiaoning Han, Ana Vega, Yohji Itoh, Tiong K Ong
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: Guidelines recommend dual-antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) for 12 months in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS). Information on patterns and duration of DAPT use after hospital discharge in ACS patients in Asia is sparse. Objective: We describe changes in real-life antithrombotic management patterns (AMPs) up to 2-y post discharge based on data from the EPICOR Asia study (NCT01361386). Methods: This observational study enrolled 12 922 hospital survivors post ACS from 218 hospitals in 8 countries/regions in Asia. Data were collected from symptom onset for the index event (ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction [STEMI] 51.2%, non-STEMI (NSTEMI) 19.9%, or unstable angina [UA] 28.9%), during hospitalization, at discharge and over 2 y follow-up. Results: Overall, 90.6% of patients were on DAPT at hospital discharge which declined to 79.6%, 71.8%, 53.7%, and 45.6% at 6, 12, 18, and 23 months post discharge (Fig). At discharge, most patients (87.6%) received aspirin + clopidogrel, with 79.5%, 71.8%, 53.6%, and 45.4% on this combination at 6, 12, 18, and 23 months. At discharge only 3.0% of patients received aspirin + prasugrel and 1.7% of patients received aspirin + cilostazol. Only 8.3% of patients were on single antiplatelet therapy (SAPT) at discharge with 12.2%, 15.6%, 28.1%, and 30.3% on SAPT at 6, 12, 18, and 23 months post discharge; aspirin being the most commonly used single agent. No notable differences were seen among index event groups. Of the patients on DAPT at discharge, STEMI 93.4%; NSTEMI 90.2%; UA 85.9%, comparable proportions across groups remained on DAPT at 23 months follow up; STEMI 51.0%; NSTEMI 51.9%; UA 47.6%. Conclusions: Most ACS patients remain on DAPT at 12 months and around half remain at 23 months post-discharge. Further study should assess between-country differences, the benefit/risk balance from prolonged DAPT, why DAPT is discontinued before 12 months, and impact on clinical outcomes.
NOTES ON EPIDEMICAL DISEASES
Authors: W. Addison
Journal: BMJ (1854)

II -umImd pOm bhlg em X bd the .uifat the ulcer was b i cleaner and its edg.ls pr neot: the dema ind _elling bad disappeared, but thee dgps of the wound t by the suppuwetrd glad e ulcerated, and had a sbilitic a.O the fory-firt day, this sore had again assumed a plagedenic surface.Its edges were undermined, inflamed, and very painful.The pus discharged was tinged with blood.The wound resulting from the open bubo was be- cosing clean, but its edges were undermined and sharp.A fortnight after this, the surfoe of the sore again beame helthy; and ten days later, the bubo began to cicatrise.After lating from the 21st of August to the 29th of Oatober, the sore was all but healed, and the bubo resulting from it was completely cicatrised.M. Robert had at this time regained his habitual health, and subsequently experienced no farther inconvenience.The eats also remained well and showed no indications of having had their constitutions affected, nor did they suffer from enlargement of the glands consequent upon the inocu- lations.From hi experiments, M. Robert arrives at the conclu- sion that-The syphilitic virus inoculated upon the ears of cats determines a slight ulceration which exists for eight or ten days and secretes a purulent fluid.When this pus is inoculated on the same or on another animal it occasions an ulcertion exactly resembling the one from which it was taken.When inoculated on man it gives rise to a chancre in the same way as if the syphilitic poison had been taken directly from man.The ulceration in animals lasts on an average from eight to ten days.It occasions in them neither inflammation of the absorbent nor secondary symptoms.When several inoculations are made on the same animal, whether the puis be taken from the animal itself or from man, the last are neither more or less intense than the first.1They all follow exactly the same course.
Abstract 3147A: The use of the sTRA glycan for predicting responses to neoadjuvant therapy in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Ben Staal, Ying Liu, Peter Hsueh, Mohammed Aldakkak, Herbert Zeh, Douglas Evans, Randall E. Brand, Susan Tsai, Brian B. Haab
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract The sTRA glycan has been validated as a serological and cell-surface biomarker of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). In previous work, a biomarker panel using sTRA and CA19-9 performed significantly better than CA19-9 for distinguishing PDAC from benign diseases of the pancreas; here we explored whether the subgroup identified by sTRA has a different prognosis than other subgroups. We examined the plasma levels of sTRA and CA19-9 in two cohorts of patients with resectable or borderline-resectable PDAC. In each cohort, two samples per patient were collected: one prior to any therapy, and another after neoadjuvant therapy but before surgery. In the first cohort (n = 54), the ratio of post-therapy to pre-therapy plasma sTRA was statistically higher (p &amp;lt; 0.05, student’s t-test using logged ratios) in patients with poor response, as assessed by surgical pathology. CA19-9 had higher ratios in a subset of the poor-response subjects but without statistical significance. In the second cohort (n = 75), the pre-treatment and post-treatment levels of sTRA were significantly higher (p &amp;lt; 0.01, Wilcoxon Rank-Sum test) in patients with shorter survival (&amp;lt;2 years). In contrast, CA19-9 did not show statistical significance in the pre-treatment or post-treatment levels, but the post:pre ratios were substantially higher in a subset of the short-survival group. In both cohorts, sTRA identified a subset of poor responders that was non-identical to the one identified by CA19-9. As a result, a biomarker panel combining the markers provided better accuracy for identifying poor responders than either marker alone. In an analysis of 24 cell line models of PDAC, the cell lines that secreted sTRA had a statistically higher resistance to chemotherapy than those not secreting sTRA, whereas the cell lines secreting CA19-9 showed no such association. Therefore, pancreatic cancers that produce sTRA may be a distinct subtype with higher resistance to chemotherapy, and sTRA in combination with CA19-9 could be a valuable serological predictor of responsiveness to chemotherapy. Citation Format: Ben Staal, Ying Liu, Peter Hsueh, Mohammed Aldakkak, Herbert Zeh, Douglas Evans, Randall E. Brand, Susan Tsai, Brian B. Haab. The use of the sTRA glycan for predicting responses to neoadjuvant therapy in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 3147A.
Age Modifies the Effect of Mouse Allergen Reduction on Asthma Outcomes in Low-income, Urban Children with Persistent Asthma
Authors: Ammara G. Ahmed, Sara C. Sadreameli, Jean Curtin-Brosnan, Torie L. Grant, Wanda Phipatanakul, Matthew S. Perzanowski, Susan L. Balcer-Whaley, Roger Peng, Michelle Newman, Amparito Cunningham, Adnan Divjan, Mary Beth Bollinger, Robert A. Wise, Rachel L. Miller, Ginger L. Chew, Elizabeth C. Matsui
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2019)
Re: Francesco Porpiglia, Enrico Checcucci, Daniele Amparore, et al. Three-dimensional Augmented Reality Robot-assisted Partial Nephrectomy in Case of Complex Tumours (PADUA ≥ 10): A New Intraoperative Tool Overcoming the Ultrasound Guidance. Eur Urol. In press. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2019.11.024
Authors: Mengda Zhang, Long Wang
Journal: European Urology (2020)
JAMA Psychiatry
Authors: Phil Fontanarosa, Annette Flanagin, Brenda Gregoline, Tracy Frey, Kevin Brown, Amanda Ehrhardt, Iris Lo, M Newman, Suzanne Walker, Connie Manno, Sara Billings, Timothy Gray, Paul Ruich, Sam Wilder, Catherine Alden, Stephanie Beckmeyer, Jane Calayag, Jan Clavey, Mary Coerver-Connolly, Paula Glitman, Laura King, Regina Lilly, Joseph Mills, Brandy Patton, Thressa Smith, Donna Thordsen, Aggie Zarkadas, Wanda Assistant, Larry Bryant, Monica Mungle, Elaine Williams, Fanny Brown, Anna Bukowski, Lenette Gardner-Gullens, Tosca Hall, Erin Kato, Peter Kim, Rachell Lozano, Caroline Sietmann, Angelia Waltower, Michael Berkwits, Eric Butkus, Michelle Kurzynski, Emily Ling, Jesse Mcquarters, Daniel Morrow, Daniella Peting, Reuben Rios, Carrie Butt, Mary Ferkaluk, Karen Bucher, Andy Rekito, Nick Reback, David Song, Deputy Livingston, Thomas Cole, Marla Hall, Deanna Willis, Yolanda Davis, Joseph Thornton, Deanna Bellandi, Jim Michalski, Sara Dibari, Martin Paulus, Helen Simpson, New York, John Touros, Helena Chmura Kraemer, Palo Alto, Howard Bauchner
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2018)
Smoking cessation in patients: two further studies by the British Thoracic Society. Research Committee of the British Thoracic Society.
Authors: I Campbell
Journal: Thorax (1990)

Abstract The effects of various smoking cessation strategies were studied in two multicentre trials with new patients attending hospital or a chest clinic because of a smoking related disease. In the first trial (study A, 1462 patients) the effect of the physician's usual advice to stop smoking was compared with the effect of the same advice reinforced by a signed agreement to stop smoking by a target date within the next week, two visits by a health visitor in the first six weeks, and a series of letters of encouragement from the physician. The second trial (study B, 1392 patients) compared (1) advice only, (2) advice supplemented by a signed agreement, (3) advice supplemented by a series of letters of encouragement, and (4) advice supplemented by a signed agreement and a series of letters of encouragement. Patients were reviewed at six months and those claiming to have stopped smoking were seen again at 12 months. Claims of abstinence were checked by carboxyhaemoglobin measurement. In study A 9% of the intervention group had succeeded in stopping smoking at six months compared with 7% of the "advice only" patients (p = 0.17). In study B success rates were 5.2%, 4.9%, 8.5%, and 8.8% respectively. The signed agreement did not influence outcome, whereas postal encouragement increased the effect of the physician's advice. In both studies patients reviewed clinically between the initial and the six month visit were more likely to stop smoking than those not reviewed. Success rates increased with age and men tended to do better than women. The studies suggest that physician's advice alone will persuade 5% of outpatients with a smoking related disease to stop smoking. Subsequent postal encouragement will increase the cessation rate by more than half as much again. Such small improvements in success rates are worth while, especially if they can be achieved cheaply and on a wide scale.