tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Validation of an active surveillance threshold for the CCP score in conservatively managed men with localized prostate cancer.
Authors: Jack M. Cuzick, Steven Stone, Gabrielle Fisher, Bernard North, Daniel M. Berney, Luis Beltran, David Greenberg, Henrik Møller, Julia E. Reid, Alexander Gutin, Jerry S. Lanchbury, Michael K. Brawer, Peter T. Scardino
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

e16040 Background: Active surveillance (AS) is an increasingly popular treatment modality for men with localized prostate cancer. However, better risk stratification is needed to appropriately select men for AS. The cell cycle progression (CCP) score has proven to be a robust predictor of prostate cancer outcomes in various clinical settings, including conservatively managed cohorts. Here, we present the validation of an AS threshold for a predefined score (CCR score) that combines the CCP score with CAPRA for predicting prostate cancer mortality (PCM) in conservatively managed patients. Methods: We determined the CCR score distribution in 505 men who were tested in a clinical laboratory and, based on their clinical characteristics, might typically be considered for AS. Specifically, the training cohort consisted of men who had Gleason scores ≤ 3+4; PSA < 10 ng/ml; < 25% cores positive; and clinical stage ≤ T2a. A threshold CCR score of 0.80 was selected such that 90% of the men in the training cohort had scores below the threshold. Threshold performance was then evaluated in two cohorts of conservatively managed men (TAPG1 [N = 180] and TAPG2 [N = 585]). We also evaluated the threshold in a commercially tested cohort (N = 4218). Results: The CCR threshold was validated with the TAPG2 cohort. In this cohort, 10.3% of patients were below the threshold. There were no deaths in patients below the threshold and the Cox proportional hazard estimate of 10−year PCM associated with the CCR threshold was 3.3%. In the combined cohort (TAPG1 and TAPG2), the 10−year risk of PCM associated at the threshold was 3.2% and there were no observed prostate cancer deaths in patients below the threshold. In the commercially tested cohort, 36% of patients qualified for AS on clinical parameters alone. However, when the CCP score was included, 60% of patients had CCR scores below the AS threshold. Conclusions: The threshold presented here was derived from the ‘typical’ risk of PSM for AS patients and can be used to guide patient selection for AS based on an integrated view of risk assessment. Applying the threshold to men recently diagnosed with prostate cancer substantially enlarged the group who might be considered for AS.
A stable murine-based RD114 retroviral packaging line efficiently transduces human hematopoietic cells
Authors: M Ward
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2003)

Several barriers exist to high-efficiency transfer of therapeutic genes into human hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) using complex oncoretroviral vectors. Human clinical trials to date have used Moloney leukemia virus-based amphotropic and gibbon ape leukemia virus-based envelopes in stable retroviral packaging lines. However, retroviruses pseudotyped with these envelopes have low titers due to the inability to concentrate viral supernatants efficiently by centrifugation without damaging the virus and low transduction efficiencies because of low-level expression of viral target receptors on human HSC. The RD114 envelope from the feline endogenous virus has been shown to transduce human CD34+ cells using transient packaging systems and to be concentrated to high titers by centrifugation. Stable packaging systems have potential advantages over transient systems because greater and more reproducible viral productions can be attained. We have, therefore, constructed and tested a stable RD114-expressing packaging line capable of high-level transduction of human CD34+ cells. Viral particles from this cell line were concentrated up to 100-fold (up to107 viral particles/ml) by ultracentrifugation. Human hematopoietic progenitors from cord blood and sickle cell CD34+ cells were efficiently transduced with a NeoR-containing vector after a single exposure to concentrated RD114-pseudotyped virus produced from this cell line. Up to 78% of progenitors from transduced cord blood CD34+ cells and 51% of progenitors from sickle cell CD34+ cells expressed the NeoR gene. We also show transfer of a human β-globin gene into progenitor cells from CD34+ cells from sickle cell patients with this new RD114 stable packaging system. The results indicate that this packaging line may eventually be useful in human clinical trials of globin gene therapy.
Treatable abdominal pathologic conditions and unsuspected malignant neoplasms at autopsy in veterans who received mechanical ventilation
Authors: M. A. Papadakis
Journal: JAMA (1991)

<h3>Study Objective:</h3> To determine, in medical patients who received mechanical ventilation, the frequency and types of major unexpected diagnoses at autopsy that, if known before death, would probably have led to improved survival (class I errors) or substantively changed management but not survival (class IIB errors). <h3>Design:</h3> Retrospective cohort study. <h3>Setting:</h3> Six medical intensive care units in a Department of Veterans Affairs Cooperative Study. <h3>Patients:</h3> One hundred seventy-two autopsied patients of the 401 veterans who received mechanical ventilation and died in the hospital. <h3>Results:</h3> The class I error rate was 12%. Abdominal pathologic conditions— abscesses, bowel perforations, or infarction—were as frequent as pulmonary emboli as a cause of class I errors. While patients with abdominal pathologic conditions generally complained of abdominal pain, results of examination of the abdomen were considered unremarkable in most patients, and the symptom was not pursued. Six percent of patients had extensive malignant neoplasms (class IIB errors). <h3>Conclusions:</h3> Atypical presentation of potentially treatable abdominal pathologic conditions is a common cause of class I errors in veterans who receive mechanical ventilation. Conversely, several patients with unrecognized terminal conditions underwent intensive intervention. If the information gained at autopsy had been known before death, management would have probably changed substantively in 18% of patients. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1991;265:885-887)
THE PEDICLE IN OVARIOTOMY.
Journal: JAMA (1883)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Missing Author Initial in Byline
Authors: Laura Perry, Andrea Schwartz
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2018)

To the Editor One week after the publication of an article by Orkaby and Schwartz 1 on toenails as the functional hemoglobin A 1c , I saw a clinic patient who had been doing well at our previous visits.She was in her 80s but had only a few chronic conditions, including type 2 diabetes, that were well controlled with oral medications only.She continued to live in her own home in the community; her grandson had moved in with her several years ago after he lost his job and fell on hard times.The arrangement worked well for both of them.She was happy to keep an eye on him-previously he had been involved with a "rough crowd," as she put it, and having him close meant that she felt he was avoiding his previous risky activities.He helped her around the house with chores, but she still remained largely functionally independent and managed her own medications.On this particular visit, she seemed slightly shy and withdrawn, but I did not make much of it.She was typically a rather soft-spoken woman.After a few minutes, I asked her to remove her shoes; she was due for a screening foot examination for her diabetes.I noticed that her toenails were longer and more unkempt than at previous visits.She avoided eye contact, embarrassed, and said, "Oh, I know that they're longer than usual.My grandson used to help me with them."She then quietly admitted that he had been shot and killed the previous week.My patient and I were still getting to know each other-I had only been working at the clinic for 8 months, and this was only our third visit.I am not sure that she would have told me about this tremendous loss without the prompt of her overgrown toenails.This disclosure prompted me to refer her to a podiatrist, to connect her with the social worker in our practice, and to schedule far more frequent visits than I might have otherwise.In an era in which social histories feel like luxuries, I wholeheartedly endorse the examination of patients' toenails as a means of learning more about the patient in context.
Excretion Urography in Acute Renal Failure
Authors: W. R. Cattell, I. K. Fry
Journal: BMJ (1973)

device.We have in fact described a device which meets these reauirements in full.1The first part, operated by the pressure of the oxygen supply, comes into operation when the oxygen is turned on and cannot be turned off.When the oxygen pressure begins to fall the device sounds a warning, then cuts off other vanours or eases and opens the breathing circunt to atm here.However, after failure little or no air is drawn in because rebreathing occurs to and from the reservoir bag and this could result in asvhyxia.The second Loart of the device is essential to Prevent this rebreathing.The whole device will ooerate whether the system is semi-open or closed and whether the rebreathing is spontaneous or artificial.The device is manufactured by the British Oxygen Conmany and the first part is al- ready freely available.However, the manu- facturer cannot yet give us a supply date for the complete devices, which have been on order now for more than two years.-Weare, etc.,
Henri Rendu (1844-1902). Rendu-Osler-Weber disease
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A Book for Us Diabetics and Our Doctors.
Journal: JAMA (1928)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Prefrontal Lobotomy
Authors: Walter Freeman
Journal: JAMA (1965)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Richard M. Steinhilber, MD, in his reply to the question of Raymond Heitz, MD (<i>JAMA</i><b>192</b>:579 [May 10] 1965), reflects accurately the current attitude of American psychiatrists toward lobotomy. "Other methods of management seem more humane and efficacious." Probably Dr. Heitz gave too few details of his patient's compulsive neurosis with the "severe hand-washing syndrome." He failed to paint the picture of a guilt-ridden person with a perpetual need to assuage his "fixed state of tortured self-concern" (Arnot) by useless and repetitive symbolic purification. A person over the age of 55, caught in the toils of this malignant psychoneurosis, is close to an involutional psychosis with agitated depression that responds poorly to all treatments except psychosurgery. Since this patient can look forward to many years of life, it behooves the physician to lighten the existence by a method that has proved both safe and effective for
Infected Urine
Authors: J. M. Stansfeld
Journal: BMJ (1954)

AIM--To assess whether left ventricular function shows circadian variation in healthy people. SUBJECTS AND METHODS--10 healthy men (7) and women (3) aged 35-50 underwent M mode echocardiography of the left ventricle and Doppler velocimetry of transmitral flow at 4 h intervals over 24 h. The participants were in hospital over the study period and their diet, meal times, and sleeping hours were standardised as far as possible. MEASUREMENTS--Heart rate, blood pressure, left ventricular and atrial diameters, fractional shortening, peak early and late transmitral velocities, time from the second heart sound to the early diastolic velocity peak (relaxation time), isovolumic relaxation period, acceleration and deceleration of the early transmitral flow, atrial filling fraction. RESULTS--A circadian rhythm was observed in heart rate and blood pressure, but neither the left ventricular diameters and systolic function nor the left atrial size showed statistically significant diurnal trends. The relaxation time (mean (SD)) measured 144 (16) ms at 2 pm, 144 (21) ms at 6 pm, 149 (22) ms at 10 pm, 168 (23) ms at 2 am, 174 (28) ms at 6 am, and 151 (21) ms at 10 am (P = 0.009). Diurnal rhythms were seen also in the isovolumic relaxation period (P = 0.003) and in the acceleration of the early diastolic transmitral flow (P = 0.037); the lowest and highest values of flow acceleration were observed during the nocturnal and daytime hours, respectively. CONCLUSIONS--The Doppler indices of left ventricular filling in healthy people show diurnal changes suggestive of a circadian rhythm in the rate of left ventricular relaxation. The most likely underlying mechanism is the day-night cycle in sympathoadrenal activity.
Carrel
Authors: Richard J. Bing
Journal: JAMA (1983)

RECENTLY there has been a revival of interest in Alexis Carrel, the French-born surgeon, who performed his greatest work in this country and died at the end of World War II in Paris. Several biographies have appeared in book form, and a series of articles on his work has been recently published. They all describe Carrel's research and his accomplishments as an experimental surgeon and as a biologist. However, little has been written about the man himself. It may be said that it is not necessary to describe a great man's personality—his relationship to others, his co-workers, his friends—his work is the sum total of everything, and nothing else matters. It even has been claimed that the best biographies are written by those who never even encountered their subject in the flesh. This may be true, if only his work is discussed, but such a picture is limited and is
Serum Enzymes
Authors: Keith S. Henley
Journal: JAMA (1960)

AN increasing number of enzymes of intermediary metabolism have been found in serum, and changes in their activities have been correlated with disease processes. We shall discuss some of the factors which appear to regulate enzyme activities and indicate the relatively simple biochemical techniques which are currently employed to enhance the specificity and, thereby, the clinical usefulness of serum-enzyme determinations. We shall confine ourselves to enzymes with a well-defined place in intermediary metabolism and omit others, such as the alkaline phosphatase, which have a long and established record in clinical practice. Perhaps the most striking property of living matter is its ability to establish and maintain difference in concentration between the cell, extracellular fluid, and subcellular compartments. A comparison of enzyme activities between liver and plasma, illustrated in Table 1, shows the magnitude of this difference. Changes in plasma concentrations of substrates such as glucose, of electrolytes such as sodium
Error in Abstract
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2020)

Eileen B. Leary, PhD, RPSGT; Kathleen T. Watson, MS; Sonia Ancoli-Israel, PhD; Susan Redline, MD, MPH; Kristine Yaffe, MD; Laurel A. Ravelo, MS; Paul E. Peppard, PhD; James Zou, PhD; Steven N. Goodman, MD, MHS, PhD; Emmanuel Mignot, MD, PhD; Katie L. Stone, PhD
"THE PERILS OF MAGNANIMITY"
Journal: JAMA (1927)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Diagnostic Electroencephalography.
Journal: JAMA (1952)

This volume summarizes an extensive program of research in a new and rapidly developing field of neurosurgery.The methods and equipment developed serve as the basis for future clinical investigation.There is little doubt concerning the value and great therapeutic possibilities of this method.The authors have produced a stereotaxic atlas of fundamental importance to those interested in this phase of neurosurgery.This volume is part one of a series.Subsequent parts yet to be published will deal with clinical problems and should prove of greater general interest to the pro-- fession.
TREM2 protects the liver against hepatocellular carcinoma through multifactorial protective mechanisms
Authors: Ibone Labiano, Aitor Esparza-Baquer, Omar Sharif, Alona Agirre-Lizaso, Fiona Oakley, Pedro Miguel Rodrigues, Elizabeth Hijona, Raul Jimenez-Agüero, Ana Landa, Adelaida La Casta, Marco Youssef William Zaki, Colm O. Rourke, Patricia Munoz-Garrido, Mikel Azkargorta, Felix Elortza, Gernot Schabbauer, Jesper Andersen, Sylvia Knapp, Derek A. Mann, Luis Bujanda, Jesus M. Banales, María Jesús Perugorria
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2020)
Bacillary Dysentery in Egypt, 1943-1944
Authors: J. Black
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2007)

By couching the discussion of Blair and Bush in terms of hubris and nemesis, Lord Owen 1 has avoided the pitfall of diagnosis from afar while still highlighting serious problems with the two world leaders (JRSM November 2006).He does dip his toe into psychodynamics citing Freud and Justin Frank, but, by and large, he sticks to discussing behaviour and its relation to hubris and power.As a politician, Lord Owen is qualified to discuss the political leaders he has encountered.As a physician, should he be making medical judgments on political leaders?Simon Wessely has questions about this and about whether or not psychiatrists should venture beyond the consulting room. 2 Should psychiatrists limit their judgments to patients they have examined?The American Psychiatric Association says 'yes' and Dr Wessely cites data to support that view.But the question remains, can psychiatrists and neuroscientists, with the help of philosophers, provide useful insights that contribute to the understanding of leaders and their followers?I believe that we should try.We should bring whatever scientific data there may be to counter ideology, blind faith and the intoxicating effects of power.It is true hubris often comes with power.Even though we do not have a psychiatric diagnosis for hubris, it is a psychological entity and as such should potentially be understood by science, as are other psychological phenomena.We do not diagnose those that we have not personally examined and we cannot diagnose an entire population, but perhaps we can bring clinical and scientific insights to help understand destructive behaviour As scientists and clinicians, we too must guard against hubris.Hopefully our colleagues will help us with that.JRMS should be applauded for exploring the issue.
Reply
Authors: D.J. Eedy, AnnaT. Gavin
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1988)

Journal Article Reply Get access D.J. Eedy, D.J. Eedy Department of Dermatology Royal Victoria Hospital Belfast BT12 6BA, Northern Ireland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar AnnaT. Gavin AnnaT. Gavin Eastern Health and Social Services Board, Northern Ireland. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 119, Issue 1, 1 July 1988, Page 133, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1988.tb07121.x Published: 01 July 1988