tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Glucose resistance contributes to diabetes mellitus in cirrhosis
Authors: A Petrides
Journal: Hepatology (1993)

Insulin resistance is a characteristic feature of glucose-intolerant and diabetic cirrhotic patients. The pathogenic factors, however, that are responsible for the development of impaired glucose tolerance in cirrhosis, remain unclear. To examine whether the ability of hyperglycemia per se to enhance glucose uptake (by means of mass-action effect) is impaired in cirrhosis, we measured (insulin-independent) whole-body glucose disposal during hyperglycemia (hyperglycemic clamp studies, +125 mg/dI, in combination with an infusion of somatostatin (500 μg/hr), insulin (0.1 mU/kg min) and glucagon (0.5 ng/kg min) to "clamp" hormone levels at baseline), whole-body glucose oxidation (indirect calorimetry) and glucose turnover (prime-continuous infusion of [6,6-2H2-]glucose in a clinically homogenous group of cirrhotic patients with glucose intolerance (n = 7) or frank diabetes mellitus (n = 7) and in control individuals (n = 7). Fasting plasma glucose concentrations were normal in glucose-intolerant patients but were significantly increased in diabetic patients (158 ± 19 vs. 87 ± 2 mg/dl in controls; p < 0.01). Plasma glucose concentrations were clamped at 214 ± 4 mg/dI in controls, at 212 ± 4 mg/dI in glucose-intolerant patients and at 287 ± 19 mg/dI in diabetic patients; plasma insulin and glucagon concentrations were maintained at baseline levels. In the basal state, total-body glucose disposal (which equals basal hepatic glucose output) was normal in glucose-intolerant patients (2.25 ± 0.11 mg/kg min) but was increased in diabetic patients compared with controls (3.32 ± 0.26 mg/dI vs. 2.45 ± 0.10 mg/dI p < 0.01). Hyperglycemia significantly stimulated whole-body glucose uptake in glucose-intolerant cirrhotic patients (+ 0.97 ± 0.23 mg/kg/min p < 0.01 vs. baseline), similar to control values (+1.18 ± 0.26; p < 0.01 vs. baseline). In controls and glucose-intolerant patients, stimulation of glucose oxidation and nonoxidative glucose disposal were responsible for the increase in glucose utilization (both p < 0.01 vs. baseline in both groups, respectively). In diabetic patients, however, hyperglycemia did not enhance glucose disposal. In summary, the effect of hyperglycemia per se to promote whole-body glucose uptake is unaltered in cirrhotic patients with glucose intolerance but is blunted in those with frank diabetes mellitus. We conclude that glucose resistance contributes to the development of diabetes mellitus in cirrhosis. (HEPATOLOGY 1993;18:284–291).
"CROOKES LENSES"
Authors: J. B. H. Waring
Journal: JAMA (1923)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —I was much interested in the query of J. F. and the reply (The Journal, September 15), on Crookes lenses, particularly as I was a victim of a severe acute solar retinitis in 1911 from overexposure to tropical sunlight in army service, and since then a sufferer from the retinal asthenopia often a permanent sequela of this form of ocular injury. In my search for relief, I have run the gamut of protective optical lenses and the personal knowledge gained may be of interest. Crookes glass is now marketed in three shades, Nos. 1, 2 and 3, instead of the former Absorptions "A" and "B." Shade 2 in tint is between the former A and B. This glass is now and has been for some time the object of an intensive advertising propaganda by the optical interests generally; we are told now that American-made Crookes glass is
Unusual Findings in Hepatic Photoscanning
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Endoscopic enzymatic dissolution. Nonsurgical therapy for gastric phytobezoars
Authors: R. C. Davis
Journal: JAMA (1974)

FIBEROPTIC gastroscopies are largely responsible for the sharp increase in the diagnosis of postoperative gastric phytobezoars. The latter have been noted as a postoperative complication in 14% of all gastrectomies in one series.<sup>1</sup>In our recent experience with five documented cases in 1973, we have had surprisingly good results with nonsurgical management. Our five patients, two men and three women, ranged in age from 42 to 57 years. Four of the five were edentulous. They gave a history of ingesting citrus fruits, apple cores, and apple peels. All had undergone partial gastrectomy and vagotomy (Billroth II) from six weeks to 11 years before admission. All were admitted for episodes of epigastric discomfort with associated nausea and vomiting. Upper-gastrointestinal roentgenographic series were done on the patients before admission (Fig 1), and gastric bezoar was originally suspected in only one of them. In the other four, the roentgenograms were thought to
THE SCHOTT METHOD OF TREATING CHRONIC DISEASES OF THE HEART BY BATHS AND GYMNASTICS.
Journal: JAMA (1993)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
CANCER OF THE BREAST.
Journal: JAMA (1899)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue Access Provided by Chonnam National University JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account
REGISTRATION OF TUBERCULOSIS.Special meeting of the College of Physicians and Surgeons of Philadelphia, held Jan. 12, 1894, the President, S.. Weir Mitchell, M. D., in the Chair.
Journal: JAMA (1894)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
(10) Sarcoidosis
Authors: H.A. Jenkinson, T.A.J. Dawson
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1984)

Journal Article (10) Sarcoidosis Get access H.A. Jenkinson, H.A. Jenkinson Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast, and Daisy Hill Hospital, Newry Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar T.A.J. Dawson T.A.J. Dawson Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast, and Daisy Hill Hospital, Newry Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 111, Issue s26, 1 July 1984, Pages 54–55, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1984.tb05280.x Published: 01 July 1984
Erratum
Journal: BMJ (1898)

absolutely neces:sary to give effect to his advice and recom- mendations in the interest of the public health.It may be hoped, although we dare hardly expect it, that the House of Lords will have an opportunity of amending the measure with the object of bringing the county councils into definite and close relations with the sanitary organisation -of the country on the lines so often indicated in our comments -upon the Local Government Bill.This measure is destined soon to be the law of the land, and it is all the more necessary that so golden an opportunity of completing the sanitary .
INVESTIGATION ON STREAM POLLUTION
Journal: JAMA (1926)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Pierre Robin Syndrome
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Consensus Conference: The use of diagnostic ultrasound imaging during pregnancy
Journal: JAMA (1984)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 16585: Prediction of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Mortality in a Nationally Representative Cohort Using Set of Risk Factors From Pooled Cohort Risk Equations
Authors: Zefeng Zhang, Quanhe Yang, Barbara Bardenheier, Cathleen Gillespie, Barbara Bowman
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: The American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Pooled Cohort risk equations were developed to estimate atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk. It is unclear if the set of risk factors might predict ASCVD mortality in a nationally representative cohort. Hypothesis: We assessed the performance of the set of risk factors developed by the Pooled Cohort equations in the prediction of ASCVD mortality by sex and race-ethnicity. Methods: We used the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Linked Mortality File (NHANES III 1988-2006, n=7,042) and included participants 40-79 years of age without CVD at baseline. We used Cox proportional hazard models to estimate the predicted probability of ASCVD death at 10-year by sex and race-ethnicity (non-Hispanic white (NHW), non-Hispanic black (NHB), and Mexican American (MA)). We calculated the discrimination and calibration for each sex-race-ethnicity model. Results: We documented 409 ASCVD deaths during 62,335 person years of follow-up (212 men and 197 women). The Pooled Cohort equations’ set of risk factors demonstrated moderate discrimination ability for ASCVD mortality with modified c-statistics of 0.658 (95% CI: 0.602-0.713), 0.661 (0.589-0.732), and 0.703 (0.624-0.782) for NHW, NHB and MA men respectively. The corresponding c-statistics for women were 0.695 (0.631-0.760), 0.695 (0.624-0.765), and 0.687 (0.588-0.786). Modified Hosmer-Lemeshow χ 2 suggested adequate calibration for NHW men and women (p-value 0.13 and 0.06 respectively). The calibration was borderline adequate for NHB women with p-value 0.04, and inadequate for MA men and women with p-value &lt;0.001 and 0.004 respectively. The moderate discrimination and inadequate calibration for some prediction models might be partly due to the limited sample size. Conclusions: In conclusion, in this nationally representative cohort, the set of risk factors from the Pooled Cohort equations perform adequately to predict 10-year ASCVD mortality for NHW men and women with observed and predicted 10-year ASCVD deaths being similar, and demonstrated moderate discrimination for all sex-race/ethnicity groups.
The Management of Fractures, Dislocations, and Sprains
Journal: JAMA (1934)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
New Approaches for Detecting Thresholds of Human Nephrotoxicity Using Cadmium as an Example
Authors: Patricia W. Mueller, Robert G. Price, William F. Finn
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1998)

Damage to the kidneys is one of the primary toxic actions of metals. Nephrotoxic substances not only cause renal disease directly, but they can also destroy renal reserve capacity, potentially placing those people with additional risk factors, such as diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and genetic predispositions, at greater risk. To detect nephrotoxicity in people at a stage where intervention can be effective, sensitive methods are needed. One of the major advantages of using sensitive biomarkers of renal damage is that people who may be particularly susceptible to renal damage can be identified early, at a reversible stage of damage, and the progression to end-stage renal disease may be halted or delayed. Various categories of tests can be used to detect effects of nephrotoxic substances on the kidney. Through the use of biomarkers of damage to various parts of the nephron, U.S. and European studies have both shown a similar pattern of damage among men occupationally exposed to cadmium. These studies indicate various thresholds of renal effects, which researchers suggest represent a cascade of progressively severe damage to the kidney. Research into new biomarkers of damage caused by exposure to nephrotoxic substances centers around mechanisms of cell death, including necrosis and apoptosis; mechanisms of cell growth, regeneration, and proliferation, including factors that control cell cycle, influence gene expression, and modulate nucleic acid synthesis; and genetic factors that increase susceptibility to renal disease. Examples of types of candidate biomarkers include cytokines, lipid mediators, growth factors, transcription factors and protooncogenes, extracellular matrix components (collagen, glycoproteins, and proteoglycans), and cell adhesion molecules. Research into new categories of biomarkers may provide additional insights into the mechanisms of damage caused by nephrotoxins.
Predicting Outcomes of Baked Egg and Baked Milk Oral Food Challenges Using a Ratio of Food-Specific IgE to Total IgE
Authors: Michelle Maciag, Brittany Esty, Lisa Bartnikas, Carter Petty, Andrew MacGinnitie, Will Sheehan, Wanda Phipatanakul
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2021)
Review of Reviews
Authors: E. Way
Journal: The Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology (1985)

Heme oxygenases (HO) catabolize free heme, that is, iron (Fe) protoporphyrin (IX), into equimolar amounts of Fe2+, carbon monoxide (CO), and biliverdin. The stress-responsive HO-1 isoenzyme affords protection against programmed cell death. The mechanism ...Read More
Prostate Cancer
Authors: G. P. Murphy
Journal: CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians (1974)

In 1974 an estimated 54,000 new cases of prostatic cancer will be diag nosed in the United States.Approxi mately 18,000 patients will die of this disease.Despite numerous clinical ad vances and innovations with hormonal palliation, age-adjusted death rates for prostatic cancer have not significantly changed in the past 40 years.The probability of developing cancer of the prostate increases with age.Death rates appear to be higher in white mar ried men aged 54-74 years than in single men.'There is also some suggestion that in certain population groups, mortality rates are rising faster in nonwhite males than in white males.2'3(Fig. 1.) Studies are currently being conducted by the Na tional Prostatic Cancer Project to deter mine if a high-risk group can be further identified.
Recommended Designations for Radicals
Journal: JAMA (1970)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal