tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Hepatocyte growth factor in transgenic mice: Effects on hepatocyte growth, liver regeneration and gene expression
Authors: G Shiota
Journal: Hepatology (1994)

Attention has recently been focused on hepatocyte growth factor as a major candidate factor in liver regeneration because it is the most potent known mitogen for hepatocytes in vitro. However, hepatocyte growth factor also displays diverse activities in vitro as scatter factor, as an epithelial morphogen, as a pluripotent mitogen and as a growth inhibitor. Consequently, we developed transgenic mice that expressed hepatocyte growth factor under the control of albumin regulatory sequences to examine its in vivo role in hepatocyte growth. Hepatocytes of these mice expressed increased levels of hepatocyte growth factor as an autocrine growth factor. Hepatocyte growth factor was a potent stimulus for liver repair; the livers of hepatocyte growth factor-transgenic mice recovered completely in half the time needed for their normal siblings after partial hepatectomy. This transgenic model also enabled us to study the chronic effects of hepatocyte growth factor expression. During several months of observation, the labeling index of hepatocytes in albumin-hepatocyte growth factor mice was doubled, and liver DNA content was increased compared with that in wild-type mice. To identify intermediate signaling pathways for hepatocyte growth factor that might regulate this increased growth response, we examined transgenic mice for changes in expression of genes that are known to be regulated during liver regeneration. We found that levels of c-myc and c-jun mRNA were increased in the hepatocyte growth factor-transgenic mice. In additional experiments the increased c-myc expression was the consequence of increased transcription rates as seen in nuclear run-on and myc-CAT reporter gene experiments. We conclude that hepatocyte growth factor increases growth and repair processes when expressed for long periods in the liver and that c-myc and c-jun may be important intermediaries in the hepatocyte growth response caused by hepatocyte growth factor. (HEPATOLOGY 1994;19:962–972.)
Nitrogen Pollution: An Assessment of Its Threat to Amphibian Survival
Authors: Jeremy David Rouse, Christine A. Bishop, John Struger
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1999)

The potential for nitrate to affect amphibian survival was evaluated by examining the areas in North America where concentrations of nitrate in water occur above amphibian toxicity thresholds. Nitrogen pollution from anthropogenic sources enters bodies of water through agricultural runoff or percolation associated with nitrogen fertilization, livestock, precipitation, and effluents from industrial and human wastes. Environmental concentrations of nitrate in watersheds throughout North America range from &lt; 1 to &gt; 100 mg/L. Of the 8,545 water quality samples collected from states and provinces bordering the Great Lakes, 19.8% contained nitrate concentrations exceeding those which can cause sublethal effects in amphibians. In the laboratory lethal and sublethal effects in amphibians are detected at nitrate concentrations between 2.5 and 100 mg/L. Furthermore, amphibian prey such as insects and predators of amphibians such as fish are also sensitive to these elevated levels of nitrate. From this we conclude that nitrate concentrations in some watersheds in North America are high enough to cause death and developmental anomalies in amphibians and impact other animals in aquatic ecosystems. In some situations, the use of vegetated buffer strips adjacent to water courses can reduce nitrogen contamination of surface waters. Ultimately, there is a need to reduce runoff, sewage effluent discharge, and the use of fertilizers, and to establish and enforce water quality guidelines for nitrate for the protection of aquatic organisms.
Cannabis, 1977
Authors: DONALD P. TASHKIN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1978)

Recent advances in development of immunoassay methods for marijuana constituents in body fluids provide a rapid means of detection for forensic purposes and a useful research tool for accurate quantitation of dose-response relation. Therapeutic possibilities of cannabis, such as reduction in intraocular pressure and bronchodilatation, may stimulate development of synthetic cannabinoid derivatives that meet acceptable standards of safety and efficacy for treatment of glaucoma and asthma. Cannabis use may have harmful short- and long-term impacts on health. Potentially serious short-term effects include predisposition to angina during exercise in patients with coronary artery disease. Even in healthy subjects, marijuana smoking decreases peak exercise performance, possibly because of its chronotropic effect with achievement of maximum heart rate at reduced work loads. Although no conclusive evidence exists for long-term biologic consequences of chronic cannabis use, preliminary evidence, suggesting impairment in pulmonary function and immune responses, requires further investigation with large-scale epidemiologic studies.
A CLINICAL STUDY OF CARCINOMA OF THE NOSE
Journal: JAMA (1921)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Familial Occurrence of Regional Enteritis and Ulcerative Colitis
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Thyroid hormone and the skeleton: a bone of contention
Authors: D. S. Cooper
Journal: JAMA (1988)

In 1891, von Recklinghausen<sup>1</sup>reported severe skeletal demineralization in a 23-year-old woman with thyrotoxicosis. Since then, numerous studies have detailed the abnormal bone and mineral dynamics in states of thyroid hormone excess. (See reference 2 for a review.) Briefly stated, thyroid hormones directly stimulate osteoclasts to enhance bone resorption. This leads to mild hypercalcemia, with concomitant suppression of serum parathyroid hormone levels, modest elevations in levels of bone alkaline phosphatase, and negative calcium balance. While clinically overt thyrotoxic bone disease is uncommon, numerous studies have demonstrated decreased bone mineral content in hyperthyroidism, using a variety of noninvasive techniques<sup>2</sup>; not surprisingly, postmenopausal women are the most severely affected. Several reports also document that the bone loss in hyperthyroidism may be partially reversible with treatment of the underlying thyroid disorder.<sup>3</sup> See also p 3137. Although the decline in skeletal mass associated with endogenous thyrotoxicosis is interesting from a pathophysiological
Clinical Aspects of Acetylcholine--II
Authors: F. R. Fraser
Journal: BMJ (1938)

LECTURE IIPharmacology of Carbaminoyl-choline Carbaminoyl-choline was introduced by Kreitmair (1932), working in the pharmacological laboratories of Merck of Darmstadt.He considered that it excelled acetylcholine in many ways, appearing to be more powerful, and active in doses usually associated with hormones or vitamins.It is much more stable than acetylcholine in solution, withstands boiling, and is active even when administered by the digestive tract.Simonart and Simonart (1934) showed that it is less active than acetylcholine and that its comparative stability accounted for the apparent greater activity as a parasympathetic stimulant, but that it is stronger in its nicotinelike properties.Kreitmair (1932) worked with dogs, cats, and frogs, and showed that in general it has the same qualitative effects as acetylcholine, acting typically as a mimic of parasympathetic stimulation, and that atropine inhibits its effects.Velten (1933) studied its action on the stomach, noted contraction of the muscle and an increased flow of gastric juice, and found that it induced contractions in the puerperal uterus of cats.He considered that there is no accumulation or habituation in cats with daily doses over long periods, but that injections of subtoxic doses repeated twice daily for several days caused cachexia and death in some cats though not in others, but at necropsy no reason for death was found.In man, however, Starr (1937) has observed evidence of accumula- tion with subcutaneous injections, and found it necessary to lower the dose.N6ll (1932) studied the effect of subcutaneous injections and of oral and rectal administration in cats following a barium meal, and demonstrated a powerful action on the musculature of the intestines in two and a half hours.He noted great salivation and an increase in the flow of gastric juice.Dautrebande and Mardchal (1933) gave 0.01 mg. per kilogramme of body weight to dogs, and noted tachycardia and a fall in blood pressure followed by bradycardia, and also stimulation of respiration.Dautrebande (1933) gave the same 'dose to dogs by intracarotid injection, and concluded that the * The Croonian Lectures delivered before the Royal College of Physicians of London on May 24, 26, and 31, 1938.Lecture I
Omipalisib (GSK458), a Novel Pan-PI3K/mTOR Inhibitor, Exhibits In Vitro Anti-Lymphoma Activity in Chemotherapy-Sensitive and -Resistant Models of Burkitt Lymphoma
Authors: Thomas Ippolito, Greg Tang, Cory Mavis, Juan J Gu, Francisco J. Hernandez-Ilizaliturri, Matthew J. Barth
Journal: Blood (2016)
Miscellany
Journal: JAMA (1931)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Points of Potential IQ Lost From Lead
Authors: J. J. Sacks, S. Binder
Journal: JAMA (1990)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> What is society's loss from exposure of children to lead? Simple enumeration of children with overt intoxication, encephalopathy, or death from lead exposure does not reflect the full spectrum of lead's biologic effects and damage. Among lead's most insidious effects is its poisoning of the developing nervous system, as measured by a decrease in the IQs of children with even low-level lead exposure.<sup>1,2</sup>In an attempt to quantify the more subtle effectsof lead exposure, we propose a new measure—points of potential IQ lost from lead (PPIQLLs). We combined data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES II) and the 1980 census to estimate national PPIQLLs in 1980 for children 6 months through 5 years of age. Conducted from 1976 through 1980, the NHANES II provides the most recent data on blood lead levels for a representative sample of the US population. On
National Health Care Reform
Authors: George D. Lundberg
Journal: JAMA (1992)

Major political change in a democratic republic such as ours comes about when a cluster of forces temporally coalesces to form a critical political mass of sufficient strength to power that change. Sometimes, tangential, seemingly unrelated events create that coalescence although the need for such change, people wanting it, and the resources necessary to produce it were long present. So it is with national health care reform in this country. See also pp 2503 and 2509. In my opinion, five salient events have brought health care reform to the forefront of the US national agenda: 1. The nasty recession that began in 1990 and has lingered into 1992, causing large numbers of politically active voters without adequate health insurance to join the politically impotent poor in insisting on reform. 2. The expanding tragedy of the AIDS epidemic, which created a large new group of highly educated and financially secure individuals
Premature bone loss found in some nonmenstruating sportswomen
Authors: E. R. Gonzalez
Journal: JAMA (1982)

Are some young female athletes in danger of developing early osteoporosis? This unsettling question was raised at the recent Endocrine Society meeting in San Francisco by a group from that city's University of California (UCSF) School of Medicine. Christopher E. Cann, PhD, of UCSF's Department of Radiology, reported on a study of 25 amenorrheic patients, aged 19 to 49 years, of whom seven, who were not runners, had hyperprolactinemia secondary to prolactinomas. Six additional women were runners with so-called hypothalamic amenorrhea. The remainder of the group, all nonrunners, had primary ovarian failure (premature menopause). Cann and associates found that the women in all of the subgroups had comparable bone loss, as measured by a quantitative computed tomographic technique for assessing vertebral mineral content that the investigators have described in<i>JAMA</i>(1980;244:2056-2059). The total group of 25 had a mean of 28% less bone mass than 45 age-matched control subjects. The
Myasthenia Gravis
Authors: Daniel B. Drachman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1994)

Twenty years ago, the discovery of a deficit of acetylcholine receptors at the neuromuscular junctions of patients with myasthenia gravis1 and the development of an animal model of the disease2 shed new light on a disorder that was first described clinically 300 years earlier by the great physiologist Thomas Willis3. During the past two decades, remarkable progress has been made in our understanding of myasthenia gravis, and the new knowledge has been applied directly to the clinical diagnosis and treatment of this formerly grave disease. Myasthenia gravis is undoubtedly the most thoroughly understood of all human autoimmune diseases and . . .
Better mental health services
Authors: D. Double
Journal: BMJ (1991)

gonorrhoea during the first quarter of this year.As well as indicating unsafe sexual practice, gonorrhoea in women may also be a risk factor for the acquisition of HIV-I (M Laga et al, sixth international conference on AIDS, San Francisco, 1990).Surveillance of gonorrhoea in women may provide both an indication for assessing the potential for spread of HIV-I in the heterosexual community and a measure of safe sexual practice.
Comparative effectiveness of exercise and drug interventions on mortality outcomes: metaepidemiological study
Authors: Huseyin Naci, John P A Ioannidis
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2015)

To determine the comparative effectiveness of exercise versus drug interventions on mortality outcomes.Metaepidemiological study.Meta-analyses of randomised controlled trials with mortality outcomes comparing the effectiveness of exercise and drug interventions with each other or with control (placebo or usual care).Medline and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, May 2013.Mortality.We combined study level death outcomes from exercise and drug trials using random effects network meta-analysis.We included 16 (four exercise and 12 drug) meta-analyses. Incorporating an additional three recent exercise trials, our review collectively included 305 randomised controlled trials with 339,274 participants. Across all four conditions with evidence on the effectiveness of exercise on mortality outcomes (secondary prevention of coronary heart disease, rehabilitation of stroke, treatment of heart failure, prevention of diabetes), 14,716 participants were randomised to physical activity interventions in 57 trials. No statistically detectable differences were evident between exercise and drug interventions in the secondary prevention of coronary heart disease and prediabetes. Physical activity interventions were more effective than drug treatment among patients with stroke (odds ratios, exercise vanticoagulants 0.09, 95% credible intervals 0.01 to 0.70 and exercise v antiplatelets 0.10, 0.01 to 0.62). Diuretics were more effective than exercise in heart failure (exercise v diuretics 4.11,1.17 to 24.76). Inconsistency between direct and indirect comparisons was not significant.Although limited in quantity, existing randomised trial evidence on exercise interventions suggests that exercise and many drug interventions are often potentially similar in terms of their mortality benefits in the secondary prevention of coronary heart disease, rehabilitation after stroke, treatment of heart failure, and prevention of diabetes.
MANIFESTATIONS OF CANCER IN BENIGN LIVER TISSUE
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Postmortem microbiological findings of two total artificial heart recipients
Authors: J. J. Dobbins
Journal: JAMA (1988)

This report describes the postmortem microbiological findings and related gross pathology from two patients who had the longest survival after implantation of the Jarvik-7-100 total artificial heart. We documented extensive polymicrobial colonization at the site of the device and adjacent structures; however, the internal drive lines were remarkably free of bacterial colonization despite evidence of infection at the skin junction and in close proximity to the artificial heart. The polyurethane polymer (Biomer) on the external surface of the device was discolored and pitted in appearance and the Velcro material that attaches the two ventricles together was eroded. A nonspecific mass of tissue that was adherent to the device and to portions of the drive lines contained inflammatory cells, fibrinous debris, and colonies of microorganisms. (<i>JAMA</i>1988;259:865-869)
Questions Neurologiques D'Actualité. Vingt Conférences, Faites a la Faculté de Médecine de Paris, 1921.
Journal: JAMA (1923)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
NEW YORK OFFICERS AT VARIANCE OVER THE CLOTHING OF INSANE PATIENTS.
Journal: JAMA (1896)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal