tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
ERRATUM: Experimental Investigations into the Possibility of Differentiating Early from Invasive Carcinoma of the Stomach by Means of Ultrasound
Authors: N. Heyder, H. Kaarmann, J. Giedl
Journal: Endoscopy (1988)

Correction to: Experimental Investigations into the Possibility of Differentiating Early from Invasive Carcinoma of the Stomach by Means of UltrasoundEndoscopy 1987; 19(06): 228-232DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-1013019
Hepatobiliary anatomy/imaging
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

Background/Aim: Brain edema is a common fatal complication in acute liver failure. It is related to an acute change in brain osmolarity secondary to the glial accumulation of glutamine. Since high cerebral blood flow (CBF) precedes cerebral herniation in fulminant hepatic failure we first determined if an increase in brain water and glutamine are prerequisite to a rise in CBF in a model of ammonia-induced brain edema. Secondly, we determined if such a cerebral hyperperfusion is mediated by nitric oxide synthase (NOS).Methods: Male rats received an end-to-side portacaval anastomosis (PCA). At 24 h, they were anesthetized with ketamine and infused with ammonium acetate (55 μM/kg per min). Studies were performed at 60, 90, 120, 150 and 180 min after starting the ammonia infusion and once the intracranial pressure had risen three-fold (mean 210′). Brain water (BW) was measured using the gravimetry method and CBF with the radioactive microsphere technique. Glutamine (GLN) in the CSF was sampled via a cisterna magna catheter. The neuronal NOS was specifically inhibited by 1-2-trifluoromethylphenyl imidazole (TRIM, 50 mg/kg intraperitoneally) and in separate studies nonspecifically by N-omega-nitro-l-arginine (l-NNA, 2 μg/kg per min intravenously)Results: At 90′, brain water was significantly increased (P<0.015) as compared to the 60′ group while CBF was significantly different at 150′. A significant correlation was observed between values of CBF and brain water (r=0.88, n=36, P<0.001). Administration of either TRIM or l-NNA did not prevent the development of cerebral hyperperfusion and edema.Conclusion: We observed that cerebral hyperemia follows an initial rise in brain water content, rather than in the cerebrospinal fluid concentration of glutamine. The rise in CBF further correlated with brain water accumulation and was of critical importance for the development of intracranial hypertension. The unique mechanism for the rise in CBF in hyperammonemia was not prevented by NOS inhibition indicating that NO is not the mediator of high CBF and intracranial hypertension.
Rectal injury during barium enema examination
Authors: M. H. Nathan
Journal: JAMA (1983)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The article entitled "Massive Extraperitoneal Air in a 71-Year-Old Woman" by Walker and co-workers (1982;248:1375) leads one to believe that the perforation of the rectum was caused by the air contrast study itself, when, in fact, it must have resulted either from overinflation of the Bardex-type tube or from perforation by the tip of the tube. The latter is known to occur with rubber tubes stiffened by heat sterilization, and it would be expected from tubes with stiff plastic tips as well. To protect patients from perforation by an enema tip, the technicians should be instructed in the proper manner of inserting an enema tip. When allowed to follow the direction of the rectum, the enema tip will impinge against the anterior wall of the rectum and can perforate. Once the tip is inserted beyond the external sphincter, it should be advanced gently and the tip directed
Book Review Textbook of Medicine . By various authors. Edited by J. J. Conybeare, M.C., D.M. (Oxon.), F.R.C.P. Fifth edition. 8°, cloth, 1131 pp., with 24 illustrations, and 31 x-ray plates. Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins Company, 1940. $7.50.
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1941)
Smallpox Vaccination
Authors: Saul Krugman, Samuel L. Katz
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1969)

The eradication of smallpox in the United States stems, in great part, from the extensive and routine use of smallpox vaccine in this country. In spite of the availability of an effective vaccine, smallpox continued to be a critical problem in the United States during the early part of the twentieth century. More than 530,000 cases of smallpox and 4790 deaths were reported during the decade 1920–1930. Early in 1924, two men and a boy, infected with smallpox in Winnipeg, Canada, traveled to Duluth, Minnesota, to Detroit, Michigan, and finally to New Britain, Connecticut. In the wake of these importations . . .
Antiandrogenic Pesticides Disrupt Sexual Characteristics in the Adult Male Guppy (Poecilia reticulata)
Authors: Erik Baatrup, Mette Junge
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2001)

Environmental contaminants have been identified as endocrine disruptors through their antiandrogenic activity. Thus, as androgen receptor antagonists, the fungicide vinclozolin and the principal DDT metabolite p,p'-DDE have been demonstrated to induce demasculinization in rats. Whether this is also the case in fish remains to be demonstrated. For a period of 30 days, groups of adult male guppies were exposed to vinclozolin, p,p'-DDE, or the therapeutic antiandrogen flutamide (used as positive control) applied to the fodder at concentrations between 0.1 and 100 microg/g fodder. Subsequently, sexual characteristics of relevance to the male reproductive capacity were measured and compared with untreated control fish. All three chemicals caused profound alterations at increasing levels of biological organization, even in these fully matured males. At the cellular level, the three compounds induced a significant reduction in the number of ejaculated sperm cells. At the organ level, the sexually attractive orange-yellow coloration was reduced in area and discolored, and treated fish also had smaller testes. Further, at the organismal level, computer-aided behavior analyses demonstrated a severe disruption in male courtship behavior. We conclude that this demasculinization is consistent with an antiandrogenic action of vinclozolin and p,p'-DDE and is likely to compromise reproductive capability in this fish.
Effectiveness of adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) versus observation in patients with ≥ pT3 and/or pN+ bladder cancer (BCa).
Authors: Matt D. Galsky, Kristian Stensland, Erin L. Moshier, John Sfakianos, Russell Bailey McBride, Che-Kai Tsao, Martin Francis Casey, Simon J Hall, Paolo Boffetta, William K. Oh, Juan P. Wisnivesky
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

4517 Background: Though Level I evidence supports the use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in BCa, the data supporting AC has been mixed. Experience suggests an adequately powered trial to definitely assess the role of AC is unlikely to be completed. Alternative approaches to evidence development are necessary. Methods: Patients undergoing cystectomy for ≥ pT3 and/or pN+ M0 BCa were identified from the National Cancer Database. Patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy and/or diagnosed after 2006 (most recent year with survival data) were excluded. Logistic regression was used to calculate propensity scores representing the predicted probabilities of assignment to observation versus AC based on: age, demographics, year of diagnosis, pT stage, margin status, lymph node density, distance to hospital, hospital cystectomy volume, and hospital type and location. Missing data were handled by multiple imputation. A propensity score-matched (1:1) cohort of AC versus observation patients was created using these variables. Stratified Cox proportional hazards regression was used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) for the matched sample. Sensitivity analyses examined the impact of an alternative adjustment approach and comorbidities. Results: 4360 patients undergoing cystectomy alone and 1293 patients undergoing cystectomy plus AC met inclusion criteria.Patients receiving AC were significantly more likely to: be younger, have more lymph nodes examined and involved, have positive margins, reside in the Northeast, and have private insurance. HR are shown in the Table. Subset analyses explored the impact of nodal status [pN+ HR = 0.63 (0.56-0.70), pN- HR = 0.76 (0.63-0.90)] and age [<70 HR = 0.80 (0.72-0.88), ≥ 70 HR = 0.71 (0.61-0.82)]. The results were robust to sensitivity analysis for comorbidities. Conclusions: AC was associated with improved survival in patients with ≥ pT3 and/or pN+ BCa in this large comparative effectiveness analysis. HR for overall survival with AC versus observation. Model HR [95% CI] Matched Sample – Cox Model Stratified 0.71 [0.63-0.80] Cox Model Weighted by Inverse Probability of Treatment Weight 0.78 [0.74-0.81]
Tracheal replacement
Authors: Harry Etienne, Dominique Fabre, Abel Gomez Caro, Frederic Kolb, Sacha Mussot, Olaf Mercier, Delphine Mitilian, Francois Stephan, Elie Fadel, Philippe Dartevelle
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2018)

Tracheal reconstruction is one of the greatest challenges in thoracic surgery when direct end-to-end anastomosis is impossible or after this procedure has failed. The main indications for tracheal reconstruction include malignant tumours (squamous cell carcinoma, adenoid cystic carcinoma), tracheoesophageal fistula, trauma, unsuccessful surgical results for benign diseases and congenital stenosis. Tracheal substitutes can be classified into five types: 1) synthetic prosthesis; 2) allografts; 3) tracheal transplantation; 4) tissue engineering; and 5) autologous tissue composite. The ideal tracheal substitute is still unclear, but some techniques have shown promising clinical results. This article reviews the advantages and limitations of each technique used over the past few decades in clinical practice. The main limitation seems to be the capacity for tracheal tissue regeneration. The physiopathology behind this has yet to be fully understood. Research on stem cells sparked much interest and was thought to be a revolutionary technique; however, the poor long-term results of this approach highlight that there is a long way to go in this research field. Currently, an autologous tissue composite, with or without a tracheal allograft, is the only long-term working solution for every aetiology, despite its technical complexity and setbacks.
The Heart
Authors: Ijaz A. Khan
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
HYSTERIC MISALLIANCES.
Journal: JAMA (1899)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Chambers
Authors: J. Michael Kilby
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2002)

Ad Libitum2 April 2002ChambersJ. Michael Kilby, MDJ. Michael Kilby, MDBirmingham, AL 35294Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-136-7-200204020-00012 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Last night John Cornet received first warning,Pain the flashing sign of tissue damage,And called his doctor in the early morning.“Each part,” said my teacher once in college,“Of the anatomy is a piece of your car.Pain's the red oil light.” Last spring I merely turnedMy ankle and this auto-portrait only went so far.Not so much like the Audi's blinking, I learned,This warning was a scream, slip of the steak knife,Wrench of the steering wheel, airplane's lurch,Momentary reminder of this poised life.But this story, you see, is my father's,The morning papers. This ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Birmingham, AL 35294Current Author Address: J. Michael Kilby, MD, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 908 20th Street South, Birmingham, AL 35294. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 2 April 2002Volume 136, Issue 7Page: 546KeywordsAnginaAnklesHeartOils ePublished: 2 April 2002 Issue Published: 2 April 2002 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2002 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Neurologic Complications of Polycythemia
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
PWE-247 Are we measuring vitamin D in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients?
Authors: S K Butt, K Besherdas
Journal: Gut (2012)

<h3>Introduction</h3> There is increasing interest in the role of vitamin D in IBD, outside of its traditional role in metabolic bone disease. Novel insights into additional roles for vitamin D are being established and these include anti-inflammatory and immune-modulating effects. Active vitamin D is known to exert its biological functions via the vitamin D receptor (VDR). Immune cells have been found to express VDR and possess the enzymes necessary to produce active vitamin D. This suggests vitamin D may have actions beyond endocrine activity. Furthermore, Vitamin D deficiency has been linked to higher rates of cancers including colorectal cancer. Previous studies have found that almost 50% of the IBD patients were vitamin D deficient at some point and 11% were severely deficient. Vitamin D deficiency has been demonstrated to be independently associated with higher disease activity scores in patients compared to those that had normal levels of vitamin D. Furthermore, vitamin D deficient Crohn9s patients have a poorer quality of life when compared to patients who are not vitamin D deficient. Currently, ECCO guidelines do not mention measurement of vitamin D in patients with IBD but given its effects, we set out to identify whether we were checking for and correcting for vitamin D deficiency in our IBD patients. <h3>Methods</h3> The aim of the study was to investigate whether we were measuring vitamin D levels at any encounter in out IBD patients. This study was conducted in a busy District General Hospital in North London. Information was gathered using the hospital powerchart system and the IBD database of patients. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 225 patients were correctly identified as having IBD. Of these, 157 (70%) had Ulcerative colitis and 68 (30%) had Crohn9s disease. 24 (15%) Ulcerative colitis patients and 8 (12%) Crohn9s patients had their vitamin D checked on hospital records. The range of vitamin D levels were 14–84 with lower limit of normal being 50. 13/32 (41%) patients has low vitamin D levels Of these only two patients were also under the Rheumatology team for co-existing arthropathy/arthritis. <h3>Conclusion</h3> This study demonstrates that despite evidence of Vitamin D and its role in anti-inflammatory and immune-modulating effects (in addition to bone protection) we are not actively measuring and treating its deficiency. Perhaps guidance from ECCO may encourage our testing of vitamin D in IBD patients. <h3>Competing interests</h3> None declared.
Neuropathology
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Journal de Chirurgie, Paris
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
<i>Announcement</i>: Childhood Cancer Awareness Month — September 2017
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2017)

September marks Childhood Cancer Awareness Month.Each year, approximately 15,000 U.S. children and adolescents aged <20 years receive a cancer diagnosis; leukemia, brain tumors, and lymphoma are the most common types of cancers that affect this age group (1).During the past 4 decades, largely because of advances in the efficacy of treatment and supportive care, 5-year relative survival for childhood cancers increased from 62% to 85% (2).However, for some childhood cancers, such as brain or bone tumors, 5-year relative survival remains <75% (2).In addition, child and adolescent cancer survivors often face long-term complications, including heart disease, infertility, or secondary cancers related to their treatment, and need lifelong survivorship care planning (3).CDC addresses the needs of children and adolescents living with, through, and beyond cancer by collecting and analyzing data and using scientific knowledge to develop and implement interventions.CDC works with local, state, and national partners to address disparities in referral to, enrollment in, and availability of childhood cancer clinical trials.To strengthen cancer survivorship care for children and adolescents, CDC collaborates with partner agencies to research barriers to clinical trial enrollment and interventions to improve care planning and self-management after completion of cancer treatment.United States Cancer Statistics surveillance data (https:// nccd.cdc.gov/uscs/) are important for monitoring childhood cancer incidence and mortality.CDC's Pediatric and Young Adult Early Case Capture program (https://www.cdc.gov/cancer/npcr/early-case-capture.htm)specializes in rapid reporting of childhood cancer data, which can provide clinicians, researchers, and public health professionals with timely, relevant data.
Nerve Exhaustion.
Journal: JAMA (1923)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal