tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Discontents
Authors: George Dunea
Journal: BMJ (2004)

The anxiolytic and anticonvulsant effects of benzodiazepines, barbiturates, ethanol and neuroactive steroids are mediated by selective interactions with gamma-aminobutyric acidA (GABA(A)) receptors. Chronic ethanol exposure decreases the sensitivity of GABA(A) receptors to benzodiazepines, barbiturates and ethanol. Ethanol withdrawing rats are cross-tolerant to the anticonvulsant effects of benzodiazepines as shown by a 16% decrease in the anticonvulsant efficacy of diazepam compared to controls. In contrast, ethanol withdrawing rats are sensitized to the anticonvulsant effects of the neuroactive steroid 3 alpha-hydroxy-5 alpha-pregnan-20-one (3 alpha,5 alpha-THP), exhibiting a 46% increase in the anticonvulsant effect against bicuculline-induced seizures compared to control rats. This effect may involve a change in the sensitivity of GABA(A) receptors to 3 alpha,5 alpha-THP because potentiation of GABA(A) receptor mediated chloride uptake into cerebral cortical synaptoneurosomes is enhanced by 3 alpha,5 alpha-THP up to 50% in ethanol withdrawing rats compared to controls. 3 alpha,21-dihydroxy-5 alpha-pregnan-20-one (THDOC) potentiation of GABA(A) receptor-mediated chloride uptake is also enhanced during ethanol withdrawal. Moreover, the plasma levels of 3 alpha,5 alpha-THP and progesterone did not differ in ethanol withdrawing rats compared to controls. These alterations in neurosteroid sensitivity were also accompanied by selective alterations in cortical GABA(A) receptor subunit mRNA levels. Levels for the alpha 1 and alpha 4 subunit showed only slight alteration during withdrawal whereas we had previously observed a significant decrease in alpha 1 and a significant increase in alpha 4 mRNA levels in ethanol dependent (not withdrawing) animals. beta 2, beta and gamma 1 mRNA levels significantly increased during ethanol withdrawal. Taken together, these results suggest that ethanol withdrawal produces alterations in GABA(A) receptors that sensitize rats to the pharmacological effects of neuroactive steroids. Because ethanol-dependent or withdrawing rats are tolerant to the intoxicating, anxiolytic and anticonvulsant effects of ethanol and cross-tolerant to many effects of benzodiazepines and barbiturates, sensitization to the effects of neuroactive steroids could have significant therapeutic potential.
The Journey
Authors: Ariel Frank Green
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2008)

On Being a Doctor7 October 2008The JourneyAriel Frank Green, MD, MPHAriel Frank Green, MD, MPHFrom Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Baltimore, MD 21224.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-149-7-200810070-00014 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Harry and Rose sit in the sunny courtyard, his arm around her, holding her close. They could be newlyweds. He gazes at her affectionately, his hair a tousled shock of white. Her frail body nestles into his. She is calm in his presence, but panic occasionally flickers across her softly lined face. When her fingers grow restless, Harry caresses her hand reflexively. A retired university professor, Rose is descending into Alzheimer disease. At times she is lucid enough to sense the blankness infiltrating her mind, but she cannot describe the feeling, cannot stop it. I visit her at the nursing ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Baltimore, MD 21224.Corresponding Author: Ariel Frank Green, MD, MPH, Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, 4940 Eastern Avenue, Baltimore, MD 21224; e-mail, [email protected]edu. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 7 October 2008Volume 149, Issue 7Page: 511KeywordsElderlyEmotionsGeriatricsHearingMedical educationNursing educationNursing homesShockShouldersVision ePublished: 7 October 2008 Issue Published: 7 October 2008 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2008 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Beta-blockers in bronchial asthma: effect of propranolol and pindolol on large and small airways
Authors: Alistair Brewis, Fleming Carswell, Tim Clark, Michael Dunnill, Andrew Johnson, David Stableforth, Charles Stewart, Mr Andrew, Nunn Further, Ron Tucker
Journal: Thorax (1983)

Symposium on death from asthma A symposium entitled "Death from Asthma-Can We Prevent It?" that is to be held at East Birmingham Hospital Postgraduate Medical Centre on 13 July 1983 will be of interest to everyone concerned with the management of patients with asthma.The topics will include the recognition of asthma from a clinical and pathological viewpoint, a coroner's impression, lessons from the studies on deaths from asthma, patient education, emergency treatment, and self-referral schemes.Speakers will include Drs
Erratum
Journal: BMJ (1897)

iLA 122Z3 following in the case of the patient whose hair has always been thin and ,weak, and is now falling out: Es Pilocarpinae nit.gr.-; ol.amygdal.amar.c. acid.mnii; lanolin ad ij.Misce.Or: l, pilocarpinae nit.gr.j; glycerini iss ; aq.ad lviij.Misce.Fiat lotio.Apply a little of either of the above every other night, which will make the hair grow in.I would recormmend a little white rum, with or without a drop of oil of lavender, to be applied to the head twice a week
ACUTE GLOMERULITIS IN PREGNANCY
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Socialized Medicine
Authors: Sidney Vernon
Journal: JAMA (1962)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> A sadly neglected aspect in the battle against socialized medicine is the public image of the physician. He is depicted as greedy for high fees, snobbish about welfare patients, lazy concerning night calls, and not always of the highest integrity. Whoever has such impressions customarily makes an exception of his own doctor. He refers only to "the others" about whom he has heard or read. Systematic public relations work in the past has countered public resentment against unpopular business tycoons by giving attention to what is being read. It may be time to release to mass media writers factual individual accounts of the self-sacrificing works of physicians that are done under a system of private practice, and which would not be likely to occur under socialized medicine.
Abdominal Surgery
Authors: Arthur W. Allen
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1946)

MANY contributions relating to surgical lesions of the abdomen have been reviewed during the past year. It is impossible to refer to all of them in this report, but a large proportion of the most significant are mentioned, and comments are made according to their relation to experience at the Massachusetts General Hospital.AnesthesiaLemmon and Hager1 have reported on continuous spinal anesthesia in 2000 cases. They had no deaths and few complications from this method. Of these patients, 3.1 per cent had post-anesthesia headache, 3.3 per cent had urinary retention, and 2.3 per cent had pulmonary complications. Four and . . .
Brief psychological therapy helps suicidal patients
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Increased risk of thrombosis with third generation oral contraceptives is realA meta-analysis has shown that third generation oral contraceptives carry a 1.7-fold higher risk of venous thromboembolism than second generation pills.Kemmeren et al (p 131) pooled the results of studies that collected data up to October 1995, when four studies highlighted the possible risk of third generation oral contraceptives (containing desogestrel or gestodene).The increase in risk was greatest in first time users and could not be accounted for by biased selection of study groups or in other flaws in design and analysis of the studies.
Why clinicians are natural bayesians: Authors' reply
Journal: BMJ (2005)

rates were considerable.In the Cochrane review on galantamine, 16 the randomisation procedure was the sole indicator of methodological quality of the included trials, and the higher rates of dropouts in patients treated with galantamine did not lead to a different interpretation of results.Also, dropout rates up to 35% did not influence conclusions in the systematic review on rivastigmine by Birks et al. 17 Whitehead et al 18 performed a meta-analysis of individual patients' data from randomised controlled trials on donepezil, and Ritchie et al 19 carried out a meta-analysis of published data from randomised controlled trials on donepezil, rivastigmine, and galantamine.No attempt was made in either meta-analysis to consider the quality of the included trials.Since all individual trials show considerable methodological shortcomings, the results of both meta-analyses are questionable as well.The same lack of assessment of methodological quality of the reviewed trials is found in the review of the American Academy of Neurology. 2 ConclusionsClinicians often argue that cholinesterase inhibitors have an effect in a subgroup of only 10-20% of patients with Alzheimer's disease.As this subgroup cannot be identified in advance, they conclude that all patients with Alzheimer's disease should be treated.Firstly, however, this observation could also be due to a placebo effect.Secondly, if there are subgroups of patients who benefit research should focus on the definition of responders.Thirdly, if the efficacy of the drugs is tested at the level of individual patients, clear reassessment procedures are needed for clinical practice.
Errata: Vol. 44, No. 32
Journal: JAMA (1995)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Weekly Abstract of Sanitary Reports.
Journal: JAMA (1895)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Respiratory Effects of Wood Heat: Clinical Observations and Epidemiologic Assessment
Authors: Richard E. Honicky, J. Scott Osborne
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1991)

An increasing number of families in the United States are converting to woodburning stoves in an effort to reduce winter heating bills. Woodburning stoves operate as a contained combuster of wood and produce a variety of pollutants as byproducts of combustion. Although technological advances have reduced emissions to some degree, even the most efficient woodburning stoves emit hazardous pollutants directly into the home when the stove is operating and the door is opened to add wood. The question arises as to whether pollutants are accumulating in homes where woodburning stoves are used as a source of heat. This issue is especially important considering the trend to increase home insulation and overall airtightness in an effort to conserve energy and reduce heat loss. This paper reviews the clinical case report that first postulated an association of recurrent chest illness with woodburning stove exposure and summarizes the findings to date on respiratory effects of wood heat for young children.
Cannabis Roots
Authors: Conrad J. Schwarz
Journal: JAMA (1971)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The fascinating folk medicine use of<i>Cannabis</i>roots for diuresis mentioned by Rodger (<b>217</b>:1706, 1971) has already received some attention in the work of Ames.<sup>1</sup>She found the diuretic effect of extracts of the whole plant sufficiently marked that she suggested a therapeutic potential which has not received much further attention. Such a diuretic effect, if associated with dehydration, might in part explain the universal thirst experienced during marihuana smoking and also the recently reported finding of reduced intra-ocular pressure by Hepler and Frank (<b>217</b>:1392, 1971). The correspondence columns ofTheJournalseem to be drawing our attention back to the wide variety of physical effects of cannabis which are to be found in the older literature.<sup>2</sup>Many physicians will find interesting clinical material if they conduct a detailed functional inquiry and mental status examination, not only in relation to the acute intoxicated
Harvey in Italy
Journal: JAMA (1987)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 17673: The Effectiveness of Improved ICD Programming by Race: A MADIT-RIT Sub-study
Authors: Larry R Jackson, Kevin L Thomas, Wojciech Zareba, Marc Lahiri, Samir Saba, Mehmet Aktas, Scott McNitt, Claudio D Schuger, James P Daubert, Arthur J Moss, Valentina Kutyifa
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: There are limited data on the risk of inappropriate and appropriate ICD therapy and on the efficacy of different ICD programing strategies as a function of race. Methods: In MADIT-RIT, we evaluated the risk of inappropriate and appropriate ICD therapy by self identified race, and assessed the efficacy of improved ICD programming with either a high rate cut-off VT zone ≥ 200 bpm (Arm B), or long 60 sec delay in the VT zone 170-190 bpm (Arm C), as compared to conventional ICD programming with 2.5 sec delay beginning at 170 bpm (Arm A) among black and white patients. Results: MADIT-RIT enrolled 272 (20%) black and 1119 (80%) white patients. Black patients were younger, more often females, they more often had non-ischemic etiology of cardiomyopathy, a narrower QRS and they were less often implanted with CRT-D. The risk of inappropriate ICD therapy was similar among black and white patients (HR 1.25, 95% CI 0.82-1.93, P=0.30) after adjustment for relevant covariates. High rate cut-off or delayed VT therapy was associated with significant reductions in inappropriate ICD therapy among white patients (Arm B vs. Arm A, HR 0.15, P&lt;0 .0001, Arm C vs. Arm A, HR 0.19, P 0.10). However, delayed VT therapy (Arm C) when compared to Arm A, was associated with greater reduction in appropriate ICD therapy in black patients (HR 0.08, P&lt;0.0001), as compared to white patients (HR 0.27, P&lt;0.0001, P interaction=0.07). There were no appropriate ICD therapies in the 170-200 bpm range in Arm C with delayed VT therapy programming in black patients, and a further reduction in appropriate ICD therapy ≥ 200 bpm (Arm C vs. Arm A, HR=0.16, p&lt;0.001). Conclusion: In MADIT-RIT, there were similar reductions in inappropriate ICD therapy among black and white patients with improved ICD programming. However, black patients derived more benefit from delayed VT zone programming with greater reduction in appropriate ICD therapy compared to whites, due to a higher rate of self-terminating VT events.
Coronary artery motion during the cardiac cycle and optimal ECG triggering for reducing motion artifact on coronary artery imaging Bin Lu, SongShou Mao, Nan Zhuang, Bakhsheshi Hamid, Steve C.K. Liu, Matthew J. Budoff. Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Saint John's Cardiovascular Research Center, Torrance, CA
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
A Tumor-selective Biotherapy With Prolonged Impact on Established Metastases Based on Cytokine Gene-engineered MSCs
Authors: Xiancheng Chen, Xiaojuan Lin, Jianlei Zhao, Wei Shi, Heng Zhang, Yongsheng Wang, Bing Kan, Licheng Du, Baiding Wang, Yuquan Wei, Yi Liu, Xia Zhao
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2008)
Thyroid and Thymus.
Journal: JAMA (1923)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Renin and angiotensinogen mRNA expression in the kidneys of rats subjected to long-term bile duct ligation
Authors: M Ubeda
Journal: Hepatology (1994)

Activation of antinatriuretic systems such as the renin-angiotensin system, is of major importance in the pathogenesis of sodium retention in cirrhosis. In this study, we studied the intrarenal renin-angiotensin system by measuring renin and angiotensinogen mRNA expression in the kidney of rats subjected to long-term bile duct ligation in a phase before the development of ascites, when sodium retention is already present. Experiments were performed in sham-operated and bile duct-ligated rats 3 wk after surgery. Balance studies showed lower sodium excretion and greater sodium retention in the bile duct-ligated rats compared with the control animals. Plasma renin activity (4.41 ± 1.01 ng Angiotensin I/ml/hr in the bile duct-ligated group vs. 4.20 ± 0.74 in the controls) and plasma renin concentration were not different between the two groups. However, plasma renin substrate was significantly decreased in bile duct-ligated animals. Total kidney renin mRNA was significantly higher in the bile duct-ligated animals (0.83 ± 0.14 densitometric units vs. 0.44 ± 0.04 in the controls), as determined on Northern-blot analysis and densitometric quantitation. Angiotensinogen mRNA expression in the kidneys of bile duct-ligated rats was significantly decreased (0.09 ± 0.01 densitometric units) compared with that of the controls (0.21 ± 0.03). These results indicate that sodium-retaining, nonascitic bile duct-ligated rats show abnormalities of the intrarenal renin angiotensin system that precede changes in plasma renin activity. Our data suggest that the intrarenal renin angiotensin system may participate in the initiation of the renal pathophysiological abnormalities present in bile duct-ligated rats. (HEPATOLOGY 1994;19:1431–1436.)
Iron Transport
Authors: Marianne Wessling-Resnick
Journal: Annual Review of Nutrition (2000)

Iron homeostasis is maintained by regulating its absorption: Under conditions of deficiency, assimilation is enhanced but iron uptake is otherwise limited to prevent toxicity due to overload. Iron deficiency remains the most important micronutrient deficiency worldwide, but increasing awareness of the genetic basis for iron-loading diseases points to iron overload as a major public health issue as well. Recent identification of mutant alleles causing iron uptake disorders in mice and humans provides new insights into the mechanisms involved in iron transport and its regulation. This article summarizes these discoveries and discusses their impact on our current understanding of iron transport and its regulation.