tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A Meta-analysis of Estrogen Replacement and Breast Cancer
Authors: Daniel Mendlovic
Journal: JAMA (1991)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Steinberg et al<sup>1</sup>use the technique of meta-analysis of 16 prospective trials to show a 1.3 relative risk (RR) of developing breast cancer in women who used estrogens for 15 years. This risk estimate was "largely due to" the three European studies that included both premenopausal women and users of synthetic estrogens, in whom the RR was 2.5. The RR of developing breast cancer in the 13 US studies, 11 of which included only postmenopausal women using conjugated estrogens, was not provided. It must be similar to a prior meta-analysis, limited to studies of only conjugated estrogen use in postmenopausal women,<sup>2</sup>which demonstrated no increased risk of breast cancer. It is surprising that this important information was not provided, since this is the most relevant statistic for the American practitioner wishing to advise postmenopausal women on the relative risks and benefits of conjugated estrogen use.
Let's Provide Primary Care to All Uninsured Americans—Now
Authors: David S. Starr
Journal: JAMA (1991)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Those of us involved in the care of indigent patients must applaud the motives of Dr Moore.<sup>1</sup>However, the article did not discuss the immense barriers to the practical implementation of such a scheme. First, we cannot ignore the dramatic effect that the threat of malpractice litigation has on physician and hospital behavior, collectively termed "defensive medicine." My experience in six health care systems around the world and in missionary endeavors in third-world countries has convinced me that much of American medicine is devoted not to patient care but to trying to avoid the burden and expense of litigation. There must be some relief for physicians and hospitals from the tangled web of malpractice litigation. Second, the article does not address the large administrative burden currently carried by the existing "crazy quilt" of overlapping federal, state, and county health care services. Government health care in America
Regulation of Acute Graft-Versus-Host Disease by MicroRNA-155
Authors: Nicole Stauffer, Sayed Mehdi Hamadani, Catherine Heaphy, Ramasamy Santhanam, Sukhinder Sandhu, Stefan Costinean, Jerry Nuovo, Danilo Perrotti, Carlo M. Croce, Greg Hadley, Guido Marcucci, Steven M. Devine, Ramiro Garzon
Journal: Blood (2010)
Correction
Journal: BMJ (1957)

ANY QUESTIONS?B_ EDIuRNAL succeed.Industrial injuries benefit is paid only for dis- ability resulting from an industrial accident or one of the prescribed industrial diseases.It has been held that Raynaud's phenomenon caused by a continuous process cannot be regarded as the result of an "accident."Nor is the condition prescribed as an occupational disease.The ques- tion whether it should be so prescribed was examined by the Industrial Injuries Advisory Council in a report published in 1954, but by a majority the council recommended against its prescription.' 2
Abstract 3421: Comparison of mutations in different subtypes of sarcomas and its clinical implications
Authors: Xinghua Song, Zuping Lian, YanBin Xiao, Kunpeng Bu, Ye Qiu, Tao Ji, Dan Liu, Angen Liu, Kai Wang
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Background: Sarcoma is a malignant cancer that arises from transformed cells of mesenchymal origin. Sarcoma has the characteristics of low incidence and wide distribution of onset age. Sarcoma patients have poor prognosis and very limited selection of approved targeted drugs. Till now, the genomic features of sarcoma patients in China have not been well understood. Here we present the comprehensive genomic features of 202 sarcoma patients and compared mutations in different subtypes of sarcomas. Methods: Deep sequencing targeting 450 cancer genes was performed on FFPE and matched blood samples collected from 202 sarcoma patients. Based on the histology patients included 33 osteosarcoma (OS), 24 rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS), 20 liposarcoma (LPS), 19 fibrosarcoma (FBS), 16 leiomyosarcoma (LMS), 14 Ewing’s sarcoma (ES), 11 hemangiosarcoma (HMS), 10 synovial sarcoma (SS), 9 chondrosarcoma (CDS), and 46 others in this study. Genomic alterations (GAs) including single nucleotide variants (SNVs), insertions and deletions, copy number variations (CNV) and fusions were assessed. Results: Based on the deep sequencing results, there are 1219 somatic mutations detected in all 202 sarcomas, average 6.0 mutations per sample. The most common GAs of LPS, ES and SS’s are consistent with those mentioned in NCCN guidelines (MDM2 55%, EWSR1 78.6% and SS18 80%, respectively). OS, RMS and LMS shared the same most common GAs of TP53 (25%-50%). The second ranked common GAs were NCOR1 (24%), FRS2 (20.8%), ATRX (25%) genes, and the third ranked GAs were RB1 (24%), CDK4 (16.7%) and MAP2K4 (25%) genes. 161/202 patients (79.7%) harbored at least one actionable mutations which might benefit from FDA approved drugs or drugs were under investigation in clinical trials. All FBS, 93.8% LMS and 90.9% HMS have actionable mutations, however, only 10% SS and 35.7% ES have actionable mutations. 8 samples have CNV (including MDM2/4, EGFR and CCND1) which was related to hyper-progression of immunotherapy. All these 8 samples were bone tumor including 4 OS, 1 CDS, 2 ES and 1 fibrosarcoma of bone. Conclusions: Through the comprehensive genomic profiling, different types of sarcomas showed different characteristics of genomic alterations, and potential therapeutic targets may be identified for the patients. Further, NGS provides information on whether or not patients may have the potential hyper-progression of immunotherapy. Citation Format: Xinghua Song, Zuping Lian, YanBin Xiao, Kunpeng Bu, Ye Qiu, Tao Ji, Dan Liu, Angen Liu, Kai Wang. Comparison of mutations in different subtypes of sarcomas and its clinical implications [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 3421.
Anesthesiology
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Diagnosis of Infection
Authors: P Prasad, A Santograde, K Juutinen, A Pere, P Riepponen, V-M H&ivi, W Wang, D Huang, L Wu, Y Chen, J Su, D Lu, C Perng, C Jan, S Chen, J Sanz, A Limia, D Domingo, T Alarcon, M Martinez, P Nair, Cam Mcnulty, B Watson, J Uff, R Valori, L Sanchez, M Lopez-Brea
Journal: Gut (1995)

We have previously shown that I) specific H. pylori (Hp) IgG serology decline after organism eradication, 2) a 20% reduction in Hp IgG serology at one year predicts eradication with a sensitivity of 88% and 3) the mean reduction in Hp IgG serology 21 months post eradication is 48%.The pattern of Hp IgG serology beyond 21 months remains unknown however.We followed Hp IgG.serology levels four years after successful organism eradication.Methods: 29 patients, who were successfully treated for Hp with triple therapy (metronidazole, tetracycline and bismuth subsalicylate) during 1990-91 and had baseline serum stored, consented to have follow-up serum collected.A simulta- neous 30 minute [3C]urea breath test.wasperformed to confirm Hp infection status for each patient.Serology was determined by ELISA (Pyori Stat, BioWhittaker, lnc) and expressed as absorbance.The baseline and follow-up sera for a given patient were analyzed in a single run.Baseline Hp infection was defined as the presence ofthe organism in antral biopsies by Warthin-Starry and a positive [13C]urea breath test.Eradication after triple therapy was defined as the inability to identify the organism by Warthin-Starry staining and a negative [13Clurea breath test 6 weeks post treatment.Results: All 29 patients remained free ofHp and demonstrated a decline in their follow-up IgG serology from baseline. Years afterSerology decline Mean decline Conversion treatment > 20%/ in seroloy to sero (-) 2.7 to 4.4 27/29 (93%) 51% 8/29 (28%)Conclusions: The overall mean decline in Hp IgG serology four years post treatment was 51%.More than 70%/o of successfully treated patients remained Hp seropositive four years post treatment.A 20%/. decline in IgG serology established Hp eradication with a sensitivity of 93%.TM~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The Goulstonian Lectures on Pharmacology and its Relation to Therapeutics
Authors: T. L. Brunton
Journal: BMJ (1877)

THE second error into which medicine-has fallen is that, while diseases have been rightly attributed to alterations in the body, it has been sup- posed to have a composition, and remedial measures to possess powers which were purely imaginary and utterly different from the reality.Returning, again, to our illustration of the child and the box, we may compare the medical doctrines which come under this head to the child acknowledging that it is the lock which keeps the box shut, but fancying it to be composed of butter, iron, and quicksilver, or of little brass thimbles, and believing that the lock will not open because the butter and quicksilver have become wrongly mixed, or the thimbles have been turned upside down.In the various attempts it makes to remedy this condition, it may happen to introduce a key, and thus gain its object; but, if it fail, it may be led to drive a piece of ivory into the keyhole, and will thus attribute the unsuccessful, not to say dis- astrous, result to its not having used tortoiseshell instead.It may happen to succeed, but its chances are very small, for there are endless Dossibilities of error.In the history of medicine, we find that similar methods have in some rare instances been successful, but generally they have led to utter failure.Let us shortly run over some examples, beginning with the ancient Greeks, who are said by some to have de- rived their first philosophical notions from the Phoenicians, and pos- sibly, through them, from the Jews.In the Mosaic cosmogony, we read of the earth, of the waters, and of the Spirit of God which moved upon the face of the waters.From the earth and from the waters, all vegetable and animal life were evolved by the Spirit; and we find a similar triad in the Greek writings, although Stanley may be wrong, and Thales may not have derived his ideas from either Jews or Phoeni- cians.*Corresponding to these three sources of life, we find three lines of thought, running down almost to the present day.In one, the liquids, in another, the solids, are regarded as of most importance to life and health; and, in the third, both solids and liquids sink into compa- rative insignificance before the formative power or spirit which acts upon them.Alterations in the fluids of the body were regarded as the * Stanley, History ofPhilosophy, folio edition, page 5.proper place, -and', passing into the lungs, pleura, and blood-vlessels, gave rise to all acue 'maladies.*'The successors of Hippocrates gave
Cover Image, Volume 38, Issue 1
Authors: Ana Marta de Matos, Maria Paula de Macedo, Amélia Pilar Rauter
Journal: Medicinal Research Reviews (2017)

On the cover: The cover image, by Ana Marta de Matos et al., is based on the Review Article Bridging Type 2 Diabetes and Alzheimer's Disease: Assembling the Puzzle Pieces in the Quest for the Molecules With Therapeutic and Preventive Potential, https://doi.org/10.1002/med.21440.
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia with myeloperoxidase activity
Authors: Susan Wright, Antoine Chucrallah, Yap Yee Chong, Hagop Kantarjian, Michael Keating, Maher Albitar
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1996)

The French-American-British (FAB) classification of acute leukemias is based on the light microscopic detection of myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in blast cells. Cells with MPO activity in >3% of cells are classified as acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and usually express myeloid cell surface antigens. We describe a case of acute leukemia in which the blast cells have lymphoid morphology, ultrastructure, immunophenotype, and molecular rearrangements, but express significant amounts of MPO. We discuss the incidence, features, and outcome of MPO-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Assessment of Spatial Variation of Risks in Small Populations
Authors: Wilson B. Riggan, Kenneth G. Manton, John P. Creason, Max A. Woodbury, Eric Stallard
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1991)

Often environmental hazards are assessed by examining the spatial variation of disease-specific mortality or morbidity rates. These rates, when estimated for small local populations, can have a high degree of random variation or uncertainty associated with them. If those rate estimates are used to prioritize environmental clean-up actions or to allocate resources, then those decisions may be influenced by this high degree of uncertainty. Unfortunately, the effect of this uncertainty is not to add "random noise" into the decision-making process, but to systematically bias action toward the smallest populations where uncertainty is greatest and where extreme high and low rate deviations are most likely to be manifest by chance. We present a statistical procedure for adjusting rate estimates for differences in variability due to differentials in local area population sizes. Such adjustments produce rate estimates for areas that have better properties than the unadjusted rates for use in making statistically based decisions about the entire set of areas. Examples are provided for county variation in bladder, stomach, and lung cancer mortality rates for U.S. white males for the period 1970 to 1979.
Twenty Minutes
Authors: Joseph Cavanaugh
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2006)

On Being a Doctor3 January 2006Twenty MinutesJoseph Cavanaugh, MDJoseph Cavanaugh, MDFrom the Veterans Affairs Medical Center, New York, NY 10010.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-144-1-200601030-00014 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail His was another name to be bellowed out across the waiting room, 1 of 13 that morning. But his name gave me pause. Ours is a large public clinic; the waiting room is commodious and always full, and the sound of normal conversation goes nowhere, dies quickly. I hollered his name, came from behind the wall, and shook his hand. He almost smiled or almost winced with our handshake and then sought refuge for his hand in a pocket that wasn't there.“You made it on time,” I observed.“Yes, I guess. Barely. I try to walk fast when I ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From the Veterans Affairs Medical Center, New York, NY 10010.Corresponding Author: Joseph Cavanaugh, MD, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 423 East 23rd Street, Primary Care Clinic, New York, NY 10010; e-mail, Joseph.[email protected]va.gov. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 3 January 2006Volume 144, Issue 1Page: 63-64KeywordsComputersEmotionsHeartKneesPharynxRibsShouldersSleepSweatThorax ePublished: 3 January 2006 Issue Published: 3 January 2006 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2006 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
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Authors: G. McBride
Journal: JAMA (1981)

Increasingly, writers for<i>JAMA</i>'s MEDICAL NEWS section are encountering the "buttoned-lip syndrome" at national specialty society meetings. Those afflicted with this syndrome are most often young clinical investigators affiliated with productive research groups and obviously enthusiastic about the research findings they are presenting to their peers. But because they fear they may jeopardize acceptance of their reports for publication in the<i>New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM)</i>, they are loathe to give information to the press. The reason? Arnold Relman, MD, editor of the<i>NEJM</i>, has a policy of withdrawing or not considering a paper for publication if a report of the findings—even an abbreviated one—appears in the popular or medical press before formal publication in the<i>NEJM</i>. The situation has progressed to the point that some investigators succumb to the buttoned-lip syndrome<i>just in case</i>, that is, even<i>before</i>they have submitted a paper for consideration to the
The d-Aminolevulinic Acid Dehydratase (ALAD) Polymorphism and Bone and Blood Lead Levels in Community-Exposed Men: The Normative Aging Study
Authors: Howard Hu, Ming-Tsang Wu, Yawen Cheng, David Sparrow, Scott Weiss, Karl Kelsey
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2001)

Recent research has indicated that a polymorphic variant of δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) may influence an individual's level of lead in bone and blood and, as a result, may also influence an individual's susceptibility to lead toxicity.In this study, we investigated whether this ALAD polymorphism is associated with altered levels of lead in bone and blood among 726 middle-aged and elderly men who had community (nonoccupational) exposures to lead.We measured levels of blood and bone lead by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectroscopy and a K X-ray fluorescence (KXRF) instrument, respectively.We determined the ALAD MspI polymorphism in exon 4 by a polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP).Of the 726 subjects, 7 (1%) and 111 (15%) were, respectively, homozygous and heterozygous for the variant allele.The mean (SD) of blood lead (micrograms per deciliter), cortical bone (tibia) lead (micrograms per gram), and trabecular bone (patella) lead (micrograms per gram) were 6.2 (4.1), 22.1 (13.5), and 31.9 (19.5) in subjects who did not have the variant allele (ALAD 1-1), and 5.7 (4.2), 21.2 (10.9), and 30.4 (17.2) in the combined subjects who were either heterozygous or homozygous for the variant allele (ALAD 1-2 and ALAD 2-2).In multivariate linear regression models that controlled for age, education, smoking, alcohol ingestion, and vitamin D intake, the ALAD 1-1 genotype was associated with cortical bone lead levels that were 2.55 µg/g [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.05-5.05]higher than those of the variant allele carriers.We found no significant differences by genotype with respect to lead levels in trabecular bone or blood.In stratified analyses and a multivariate regression model that tested for interaction, the relationship of trabecular bone lead to blood lead appeared to be significantly modified by ALAD genotype, with variant allele carriers having higher blood lead levels, but only when trabecular bone lead levels exceeded 60 µg/g.These results suggest that the variant ALAD-2 allele modifies lead kinetics possibly by decreasing lead uptake into cortical bone and increasing the mobilization of lead from trabecular bone.
TORSION OF SPERMATIC CORD
Journal: JAMA (1920)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Astonishment
Authors: Jack Coulehan
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2010)

Ad Libitum5 October 2010AstonishmentJack Coulehan, MD, MPHJack Coulehan, MD, MPHFrom Setauket, NY 11733.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-153-7-201010050-00014 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail In memory of John Stone, poet and physicianJohn, enthusiasm means possessionby the gods. To chisel the lines, to snapyour clauses into joint, to questionwhich word is most elegant and apt,requires detail, patience, craft. But the juiceyou pump into their hearts, the baritonepassion of your spleen, your antic voice—these matter most. Though your lungs have grownsilent, astonishment still breathes in the linesof your poems. You said the heart leads, the headexplains. Maybe, but its explanationsleave a lot to be desired. John, the spreadof grace is patchy at best, but your voiceenhances it. Therefore, let us rejoice.Jack Coulehan, MD, MPHSetauket, ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Setauket, NY 11733.Current Author Address: Jack Coulehan, MD, MPH, 4 Townsend Court, Setauket, NY 11733. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 5 October 2010Volume 153, Issue 7Page: 479KeywordsHeartLungsMemorySpleen ePublished: 5 October 2010 Issue Published: 5 October 2010 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2010 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...