tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Technik der kinderärztlichen Differentialdiagnostik für Studierende und Praktische Ärzte
Journal: JAMA (1949)

This book is written primarily for the general practitioner. With that objective in mind, the author reviews the basic facts about the child with special reference to physical examination and differential diagnosis. The author devotes various chapters in his book to the discussion of rashes, disturbances of the sensorium, hemorrhage, anemia, cyanosis, respiratory disturbances, vomiting, diarrhea, convulsions, paralysis, icterus, edema and fever. There are also chapters on examinations of the mouth and throat, the bones and joints, the abdomen, liver and spleen. The author also discusses the reasons for failure to gain weight and the significance of tuberculin reactions. Of special value are his tables on differential diagnosis. Throughout the book, the author stresses the fact that the child is not a miniature adult and deplores this widespread misconception, which has been the source of many errors in diagnosis. He presents the child in a special pediatric setting with individual
Interventional Therapy Versus Medical Therapy for Secundum Atrial Septal Defect: A Systematic Review (Part 2) for the 2018 AHA/ACC Guideline for the Management of Adults With Congenital Heart Disease: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines
Authors: Matthew Oster, Ami B. Bhatt, Elisa Zaragoza-Macias, Nandini Dendukuri, Ariane Marelli
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Secundum atrial septal defect (ASD) is the most common adult congenital heart defect and can present with wide variation in clinical findings. With the intention of preventing morbidity and mortality associated with late presentation of ASD, consensus guidelines have recommended surgical or percutaneous ASD closure in adults with right heart enlargement, with or without symptoms. The aim of the present analysis was to determine if the protective effect of secundum ASD closure in adults could be qualified by pooling data from published studies. A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed by using EMBASE, MEDLINE (through PubMed), and the Cochrane Library databases to assess the effect of secundum ASD percutaneous or surgical closure in unoperated adults ≥18 years of age. Data were pooled across studies with the DerSimonian-Laird random-effects model or a Bayesian meta-analysis model. Between-study heterogeneity was assessed with Cochran's Q test. Bias assessment was performed with the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool, and statistical risk of bias was assessed with Begg and Mazumdar's test and Egger's test. A total of 11 nonrandomized studies met the inclusion criteria, contributing 603 patients. Pooled analysis showed a protective effect of ASD closure on New York Heart Association functional class and on right ventricular systolic pressure, volumes, and dimensions. Two additional studies comprising 652 patients were reviewed separately for mortality outcome and primary outcome of interest because they did not meet the inclusion criteria. Those studies showed that ASD closure was associated with a weak protective effect on adjusted mortality rate but no significant impact on atrial arrhythmias in patients >50 years of age. Across all studies, there was significant heterogeneity between studies for nearly all clinical outcomes. The overall body of evidence was limited to observational cohort studies, the limitations of which make for low-strength evidence. Even within the parameters of the included studies, quality of evidence was further diminished by the lack of well-defined clinical outcomes. In conclusion, pooled data analysis on the impact of secundum ASD closure in adults was notably limited because of the lack of randomized controlled trials in patients with only secundum ASD. The few cohort studies in this population demonstrated improvement in functional status and right ventricular size and function as shown by echocardiogram. However, our findings suggest that at the time of this publication, insufficient data are available to determine the impact of ASD repair on mortality rate in adults.
Efficacy, tolerability, and biomarker analyses from a phase III, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel group study of gefitinib as maintenance therapy in patients with locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC; INFORM; C-TONG 0804).
Authors: L. Zhang, M. Shenglin, X. Song, B. Han, Y. Cheng, C. Huang, S. Yang, X. Liu, L. Yun-Peng, M. Wang, X. Zhang
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

LBA7511 Background: INFORM (a phase III, randomized, multicenter, parallel group study; NCT00770588 ) investigated the efficacy, safety and tolerability of gefitinib (G) vs. placebo (P) as maintenance therapy in pts with locally advanced/metastatic NSCLC following standard first-line platinum based chemotherapy. Methods: Pts (≥18 years, with stage IIIB/IV NSCLC and WHO performance status 0-2) had completed 4 cycles of first-line platinum based doublet chemotherapy without progression/unacceptable toxicity. Pts were randomized 1:1 to G 250mg/day or P on discontinuation of first-line therapy. Progression-free survival (PFS; primary endpoint) was assessed in the intent to treat population (Cox proportional hazards adjusted for histology [adenocarcinoma vs. non-adenocarcinoma], smoking status [never-smoker vs. smoker], EGFR mutation status [positive vs. negative vs. unknown] and best response to first-line chemotherapy [complete response/partial response vs. stable disease]). PFS was considered superior with gefitinib if the G:P hazard ratio (HR) upper confidence interval (CI) was &lt;1.00. Secondary endpoints included overall survival (OS), objective response rate, disease control rate, symptom improvement and tolerability. Results: 296 pts (n=148 G, n=148 P) were randomized (27 centers in china; 26 September 2008-10 August 2009). PFS data cutoff on 24 January 2011. Median duration of follow-up was 16.8 months: 91% pts progressed; 59% deaths. Demography was balanced between treatments; overall, 54.1% pts were never-smokers, 70.6% had adenocarcinoma, and 40.9% were female. For G vs. P, PFS HR=0.42; 95% CI 0.32-0.54; p&lt;0.0001; median PFS 4.8 vs. 2.6 months. Most common AEs (any grade) with G were rash (49.7%), diarrhea (25.2%), and ALT increase (21.1%) which were generally mild/moderate. Overall incidence of serious AEs: G (6.8%); P (3.4%). Other secondary endpoint data (including OS and biomarkers) will be presented. Conclusions: PFS was significantly longer with G compared with P as maintenance therapy in Chinese patients with locally advanced NSCLC.
The AMA Specialty Journals: Everyone, Including Grunts, Squeals Unfair
Authors: Richard Turner
Journal: JAMA (1990)

<h3>To the Editor. —</h3> In response to your article entitled "Reaching the Readers: Experience With the AMA Specialty Journals,"1 I am writing to inform you of bias in the selection of distribution of your specialty journals based on mail surveys. I am an osteopathic physician (DO) who trained in AMA-approved residency programs and am certified by the American Board of Pediatrics. I currently serve as a staff pediatrician in the primary health care clinics of the City of Cincinnati. In addition, a colleague and I recently published results of our research in a well-known peer-reviewed pediatric journal. Although not a member of the AMA, I was until recently receiving gratis copies of the<i>American Journal of Diseases of Children</i>. After not having received several issues, I inquired and was told that surveys revealed a low readership for osteopathic physicians and I was therefore excluded from the free subscription lists. In
Note from the editors: A busy and eventful year has passed
Authors: None Eurosurveillance editorial team
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2014)

Preview this article: Note from the editors: A busy and eventful year has passed, Page 1 of 1 < Previous page | Next page > /docserver/preview/fulltext/eurosurveillance/19/1/art20672-en-1.gif
Outdoor air pollution and lung cancer.
Authors: A J Cohen
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2000)

In the 1950s evidence of an ongoing epidemic of lung cancer in the United States and Western Europe led researchers to examine the role of outdoor air pollution, which was considered by some to be a likely cause. Although epidemiologic research quickly identified the central role of cigarette smoking in this epidemic, and despite progress in reducing outdoor air pollution in Western industrialized countries, concerns that ambient air pollution is causing lung cancer have persisted to the present day. This concern is based on the fact that known carcinogens continue to be released into outdoor air from industrial sources, power plants, and motor vehicles, and on a body of epidemiologic research that provides some evidence for an association between outdoor air pollution and lung cancer. This article reviews the epidemiologic evidence for this association and discusses the limitations of current studies for estimating the lung cancer risk in the general population. It also identifies research needs and suggests possible approaches to addressing outstanding questions.
Jack
Authors: Michael Collins
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Machine learning models accurately interpret liver histology and are associated with disease progression in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis
Authors: Nate Travis, Vincent Billaut, Harsha Pokkalla, Kishalve Pethia, Oscar Zevallos, Benjamin Glass, Amaro Taylor, Christopher Bowlus, Atsushi Tanaka, Douglas Thorburn, Xiaomin Lu, Ryan Huss, Chuhan Chung, Mani Subramanian, Robert Myers, Andrew Muir, Kris V. Kowdley, Zachary Goodman, Aditya Khosla, Andrew Beck, Murray Resnick, Ilan Wapinski, Michael Trauner, Cynthia Levy
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2020)
Psychosomatic Backache
Authors: Morgan Sargent
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1946)

Although in most discussions of backache there has been a tendency to stress the pathologic conditions that are present,1 yet the fact that the symptoms may exist without definite disease or deformities is undoubtedly recognized by all who must deal with the problem.2 In this paper, however, it is desired to suggest that the differential diagnosis of backache is incomplete without the consideration of psychogenic factors, for the latter are important not only as causes but also as contributing factors in cases of organic disease. The symptom of backache, like that of headache, is difficult to evaluate, and at times . . .
MEDICAL LICENSURE
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Screening for Renovascular Hypertension
Authors: Robert J. Havey, Frank Krumlovsky, Francesco delGreco, Helen Gartner Martin
Journal: JAMA (1985)

RENOVASCULAR hypertension is responsible for approximately 1% of all cases of hypertension,<sup>1-4</sup>and affects as many as 600,000 people in this country alone.<sup>5</sup>The current diagnostic approach to the clinically suspect patient involves identification of a renal artery stenotic lesion and determination of its functional significance. The stenotic lesion is usually first detected by a noninvasive screening study, such as radioisotope. renography, intravenous (IV) pyelography, or renal digital-subtraction angiography. Its presence is then confirmed with renal arteriography, and its significance determined by renal vein renin studies. Renal digital-subtraction angiography has become the noninvasive screening test of choice in many centers<sup>6,7</sup>though others<sup>8</sup>maintain that the hypertensive IV pyelography is still preferred. Since this controversy is important, we undertook a critical review of the available published data concerning the use of these various noninvasive tests in screening for renovascular hypertension. <h3>Radioisotope Renogram</h3> In
Les tachycardies paroxystiques ventriculaires.
Journal: JAMA (1933)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Kurzgefasstes Lehrbuch der Kinderheilkunde Für Aerzte und Studierende.
Journal: JAMA (1910)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 3054: Comparison of Transforming Growth Factor-β1 Expression in Aortic Wall of Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm Versus Dissection
Authors: Shouguo Yang, Guanggen Cui, Ramin Beygui, Fardad Esmailian, Abbas Ardehali, Jianping Tang, Mark Plunkett, Hillel Laks, Luyi Sen
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background The underlying mechanism of thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA) and dissection(TAD) was undetermined, and one controversy lies in whether they represent the different dvelopement period of the same disorder or totally diferent diseases. This study is in aim to compare the expression and distribution of Transforming Growth Factors(TGF) β1 in the aortic wall of TAA versus TAD patients. Method Aortic specimens were obtained from patients underwent to aortic procedures for TAA (n=38) and TAD (n=20) at UCLA , and control aorta (CN) from organ donnor (n=20). Double immunofluorescent stainning of TGF-β1 and α-smooth muscle actin were performed with paraffin embeded slides for all aortic samples and semiquantified by fluorescent intensity analysis. Histopathologic examination were performed with HE, Verhoeff van-Gieson and Masson’s trichrome stain. Results TAA and TAD patients exhibited an up-regulation of TGF-β1 to 120.3% and 109.6% compared with CN separately (P&lt;0.05), with TAA higher than TAD (P&lt;0.05). TGF-β1 distributed unevenly across aortic wall with the highest levels expression in tunica media, followed by intima then adventitia. In intima, TGF-β1 was expressed at the same level for TAD as CN, but was increased to 115.2% for TAA compared to CN (P&lt;0.05). In media, TGF-β1 increased by 127.2% in TAA and 116.1% in TAD compared to CN (P&lt;0.01), with TAA being higher than TAD (P&lt;0.05). In adventitia, TGF- β1 was up-regulated to 119.6% and 116.7% for TAA and TAD compared to CN (P&lt;0.05). Nucleus density analysis showed cellular plasia in adventitia of TAA and TAD than CN (P&lt;0.05 ), while TAD patients demonstrated a higher nucleus density than TAA in intima and adventitia (P&lt;0.05). α-actin was increased in media of TAA and TAD to 164.5% and 120% than CN (P&lt;0.01 and P&lt;0.05). Attenuated and interrupted elastin and mild to severe cystic medial degeneration were characteristic histopathologic finding in 29 (76.3%) TAA and 17(85%) TAD patients. Conclusions TGF- β1 expression was up-regulated in aortic wall of TAA and TAD compared to CN. The significant higher levels of TGF- β1 in intima and media in TAA versus TAD patients implicated a probable positive effect of TGF- β1 to maintain aortic wall integrity, and/or greater comsamption of TGF- β1 in the aortic dissection.
Abstract 130: CD4 T Cell Dysfunction Induced to Endothelial Apoptosis in Peri-menopausal Women with Low Estrogen levels
Authors: Keiko Gomita, Kayoko Sato, Toshiaki Nuki, Yuki Suzuki, Nobuhisa Hagiwara, Hiroshi Kasanuki
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background : Plaque erosion is responsible for the majority of acute coronary thrombi and induces acute coronary syndromes (ACS) in perimenopausal women. However, the causal relationship between low estrogen levels and plaque erosion mechanism in perimenopausal women is not fully understood. We examined whether perimenopausal women (PMW) with low levels of estrogen have had T cell dysfunction, and whether they experienced accelerated plaque erosion as a result. Methods and Results : Fresh CD4 T cells were isolated from 45 PMW within 5 years after menopause (mean age 53.9 ± 6.0 years) and 40 women with regular menstruation cycles (NC, mean age 34.0 ± 7.4 years). Estrogen levels in plasma were lower in PMW than NC (P &lt; 0.0001). Estrogen receptor α (ESR1) and estrogen receptor β (ESR2) mRNA of CD4 T cells in PMW were lower compared to NC by real time PCR (P &lt; 0.05). Estrogen levels correlated significantly with ESR1 transcripts (R = 0.537, P &lt; 0.03). The inflammation marker of hsCRP was higher (P &lt; 0.003) and CD69, an activation marker of T cells, had stronger expression on CD4 T cells from PMW by FACS (P &lt; 0.04). Measurement of fragmentation of DAPI-binding nuclear proteins showed that CD4 T cells from PMW induce significant human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) apoptosis compared to those from NC (P &lt; 0.001). Furthermore, CD4 T cells from PMW expressed strong p-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1(PSGL-1) and integrin (CD18) but not L-selectin by FACS (P &lt; 0.006, P &lt; 0.05, n.s., respectively). Estrogen levels correlated negatively with PSGL-1 (R = 0.997, P &lt; 0.05) and CD4 T cell-induced HUVEC apoptosis (R = 0.439, P &lt; 0.0001). Treatment with 17β-estradiol showed reduction of CD4 T cell-induced apoptosis in PMW. Estrogen receptor antagonist ICI 172,780 abolished estrogen protection. Conclusions : From these results, we concluded that CD4 T cells in perimenopausal women were already activated and displayed dysfunctions related to deficiency of estrogen and estrogen receptors, which may be a factor that contributes to the acceleration of plaque erosion in atherosclerotic plaque and acute coronary syndromes.
Reply:
Authors: Matthew Hoare, Graeme Alexander
Journal: Hepatology (2009)

We acknowledge the comments of Moreau et al. on our recent article.1 They argue that subjects who were positive for hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA by polymerase chain reaction analysis on a single occasion over several years follow-up may have very low level viral replication at the limits of detection.2 We agree; certainly there have been technical improvements since some of these samples were assayed up to 16 years ago. They also point out that "recrudescence" of hepatitis C virus replication has never been observed in the Irish cohort infected by contaminated anti-D immune globulin. We cannot be certain whether the four patients in our series who persistently became RNA positive represented reinfection or recrudescence. However, the Irish and Cambridge cohorts acquired HCV by different routes and are not comparable. We feel however, that Moreau and colleagues have missed the point behind the submission. Regardless of interpretation of HCV RNA results in those nine individuals (and we stand by our original interpretation), there remain 56 in a series of 61 patients (culled from a much larger cohort) with an abnormal liver biopsy that could not be explained by other aetiology and in whom the pattern of inflammation was indistinguishable from that in hepatitis C viremic cases with a similar stage of fibrosis. If the purpose of the publication had been to examine the accuracy of HCV RNA testing then we agree that further molecular analysis would have been helpful. We elected not to pursue this approach because of the age, storage conditions and availability of the serum samples in question. We also agree that identification of positive and negative strand HCV RNA from liver tissue would have been ideal, but that would have needed a great deal of foresight in the period 1992-2000. Again, we stand by our original interpretation that an inflammatory response in the liver may be the most sensitive measure of HCV replication in situ. Matthew Hoare*, Graeme Alexander*, * Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.