tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine efficacy. An evaluation of current recommendations
Authors: J. C. Butler
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To determine pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine efficacy in selected populations at risk for serious pneumococcal infection for whom vaccination is currently recommended and to assess duration of protection after vaccination. <h3>Design.</h3> —Vaccine efficacy was estimated using indirect cohort analysis to compare the proportion of pneumococcal infections caused by serotypes included in the vaccines of vaccinated and unvaccinated persons who were identified during 14 years of national surveillance. <h3>Setting.</h3> —Hospital laboratories in the United States that submitted pneumococcal isolates to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention between May 1978 and April 1992. <h3>Participants.</h3> —A total of 2837 persons older than 5 years who had pneumococcus isolated from blood or cerebrospinal fluid. <h3>Results.</h3> —Overall efficacy for preventing infection caused by serotypes included in the vaccine was 57% (95% confidence interval [Cl], 45% to 66%). Efficacy among persons with diabetes mellitus was 84% (95% Cl, 50% to 95%); with coronary vascular disease, 73% (95% Cl, 23% to 90%); with congestive heart failure, 69% (95% Cl, 17% to 88%); with chronic pulmonary diseases, 65% (95% Cl, 26% to 83%); and with anatomic asplenia, 77% (95% CI, 14% to 95%). Efficacy was not documented for patients with alcoholism or cirrhosis, sickle cell disease, chronic renal failure, lymphoma, leukemia, or multiple myeloma, although sample sizes were small for these groups. Efficacy for immunocompetent persons older than 65 years was 75% (95% Cl, 57% to 85%). Efficacy did not decline with increasing interval after vaccination: 5 to 8 years after vaccination it was 71% (95% Cl, 24% to 89%), and 9 years or more after vaccination it was 80% (95% Cl, 16% to 95%). <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —Intensified efforts to improve pneumococcal vaccine coverage among certain populations for whom vaccination is currently recommended is indicated, but universal revaccination is not warranted at this time. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1993;270:1826-1831)
Influence of BCR-ABL Transcript Type on Outcome in Patients with Chronic-Phase Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Treated with Imatinib 400 Mg
Authors: Katia B.B. Pagnano, Eliana Cristina Martins Miranda, Marcia T Delamain, Gislaine OLIVEIRA Duarte, Erich Vinicius De Paula, Valquiria Povoa, Bruna Rocha Vergilio, Irene Lorand-Metze, Carmino Antônio De Souza
Journal: Blood (2016)
Abstract 2894: Modulation of the Pulsing Interval During Ultrasound-mediated VEGF Plasmid Delivery Can Selectively Target Transfection to Different Vascular Compartments
Authors: Subarna Thirugnanam, Michael A Kuliszewski, Jonathan R Lindner, Jeremy Kobulnik, Michael Lekas, Alexander L Klibanov, Duncan J Stewart, Howard Leong-Poi
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Ultrasound-mediated (UM) destruction of plasmid-bearing microbubbles targets gene delivery to the vascular endothelium, promoting therapeutic angiogenesis. We hypothesized that modulation of the ultrasound pulsing intervals (PI) would allow targeting of gene delivery to selective vascular compartments based upon blood flow velocities, allowing differential targeting of faster filling vessels (arterioles) versus slower vessels (capillaries). Methods: Unilateral hindlimb ischemia was produced by iliac artery ligation in 60 rats. At day 14 post-ligation, microvascular blood volume (MBV) and blood flow (MBF) in the proximal hindlimb muscles were assessed by contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEU). UM-delivery of VEGF 165 /GFP plasmid (500 μg cDNA)-bearing microbubbles (1x10 9 ), was performed, at PIs of 2, 5 and 10 s (n=20 for each). Perfusion was re-assessed by CEU at days 17 and 28 (n=10 for each). Fluorescent microangiography (FMA) was performed at day 28 to assess vessel density. Transfection was localized using immunohistochemistry. PCR was used to quantify transgene expression. Results: VEGF 165 /GFP mRNA expression was greatest at day 17, and was similar for PI 5 and 10 s, however reduced for PI 2 s. Fluorescent microscopy demonstrated GFP transfection predominantly within arterioles for shorter PIs (PI 5 s &gt;&gt; PI 2 s), and more capillary expression with PI 10 s. Prior to delivery, normalized MBV and MBF in ischemic muscle were similarly reduced in all groups. By day 28, for PI 5 and 10 s, there was a significant increase in normalized MBV (1.4±0.2 vs 0.9±0.2, p&lt;0.001, and 1.3±0.3 vs 0.9±0.2, p&lt;0.001 respectively) and MBF (0.9±0.3 vs 0.3±0.1, p&lt;0.001, and 0.5±0.2 vs 0.3±0.1, p&lt;0.001 respectively), with increases in MBF significantly (p&lt;0.001) higher for PI 5 s. There were no significant changes in MBV or MBF with delivery at PI 2 s. Changes in vascular density by FMA paralleled changes in MBV, increasing at day 28 for both PI 5 and 10 s, and remaining unchanged for PI 2 s. Conclusions: Altering the PI during UM-gene delivery can result in targeted delivery to selective vascular compartments. For the purposes of gene therapy for angiogenesis in chronic ischemia, a strategy that selectively targets arterioles is more effective than one that targets capillaries.
From the editors
Authors: Hui-Zi Chen, Shih-Yin Tsai, Gustavo Leone, Nicola Mccarthy, Gemma Alderton, Sarah Seton-Rogers, Meera Swami, Catriona Rodwell, Craig Nicholson, Man Tse, Lara Crow Art Controller, Susanne Harris, Vicky Summersby, Patrick Morgan, Judith Shadwell, Simon Fenwick, Natalie Smith, Jacques Smit, Laura Corns, Deborah Anthony, Tim Redding, Leah Rodriguez
Journal: Nature reviews. Cancer (2009)
Medicolegal
Journal: JAMA (1907)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
JHEP at a glance (October 2019)
Authors: Sergio Borgia, Janet Dearden, Eric Yoshida, Yoav Lurie, Jose Calleja, Edward Gane, Jordi Llaneras, Mar Riveiro-Barciela, Sabela Lens, Rafael Esteban, Zoe Mariño, Maria Buti, Fen Chai, Patrick Soon, Daniel Behrendt, Heiner Todt, Margaret Wedemeyer, Markus Chen
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2019)
Education
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
beta-blocking drugs and thyroid function.
Authors: R Sparks
Journal: BMJ (1977)

examination.However, if the tail is cut with the loop of tail left in the uterus after insertion entanglement with tampons or introducers of vaginal preparations may result in the tail being pulled down to the introitus, with resultant vulval discomfort.The tail is then naturally cut shorter and may again disappear into the uterus as it reverts to the looped position.Confirmation of the presence of the device in the cavity now necessitates uterine sounding, ultrasonic scanning, or x-raying, and, if it cannot be changed otherwise, the risks of a general anaesthetic with impairment of patient confidence in the method.Although tail complications are not usually serious, they lead to inconvenience and worry for the patient.The design of the tail and introducer is as important as the design of the device itself.
Addressing weight stigma
Authors: None The Lancet Public Health
Journal: The Lancet Public Health (2019)

2019 will be marked by a new Lancet initiative on nutrition. Nutrition is a vast subject that needs a multisectoral approach, hence throughout this year, it will be a special focus at The Lancet family of journals. It started with two excellent Commissions published in January—one on healthy diets and sustainable food systems and one on the global syndemic of obesity, which put obesity into a much wider context. An important aspect that has received very little attention is stigma. While obesity is now recognised as a worldwide public health issue, it can still too often be regarded by some as an individual responsibility resulting from poor choices and motivations.
The Non-Heredity of Inebriety.
Journal: JAMA (1896)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Protein kinase C$epsiv; modulates apoptosis induced by $beta;-adrenergic stimulation in adult cardiac myocytes: Role of $beta;2-adrenergic receptor dependent ERK activation Yukitaka Shizukuda, Taihei Naya, Tuan A. Pham, Peter M. Buttrick. University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Immunological Diseases
Authors: Charles E. Reed
Journal: JAMA (1971)

In his preface to the first edition of<i>Immunological Diseases</i>Samter asked the question, "How long will it be before the book is out of date?" Unfortunately, the answer was "al most immediately." No biological or human process can continue its logarithmic growth phase indefinitely, however, and now, seven years later, his hope that obsolescence is not imminent seems reasonable. Immunology has matured. The basic format of the second edition remains the same but many of the authors and almost all of the text are new. Samter has called on four able colleagues as editors for the five sections of the book: "Basic Immunology," "Non-atopic Immunological Disorders," "Atopic Diseases," "Allergic Reaction Patterns of the Skin," and "Diseases with Immunological Features." In turn, the section editors have chosen a hundred authors, each a prominent contributor to the development of his assigned topic and, equally important, each able to present his own
Privacy rules for DNA databanks. Protecting coded 'future diaries'
Authors: G. J. Annas
Journal: JAMA (1993)

In privacy terms, genetic information is like medical information. But the information contained in the DNA molecule itself is more sensitive because it contains an individual's probabilistic "future diary," is written in a code that has only partially been broken, and contains information about an individual's parents, siblings, and children. Current rules for protecting the privacy of medical information cannot protect either genetic information or identifiable DNA samples stored in DNA databanks. A review of the legal and public policy rationales for protecting genetic privacy suggests that specific enforceable privacy rules for DNA databanks are needed. Four preliminary rules are proposed to govern the creation of DNA databanks, the collection of DNA samples for storage, limits on the use of information derived from the samples, and continuing obligations to those whose DNA samples are in the databanks. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1993;270:2346-2350)
Building international partnerships to improve global oncological care: Perspective from Rutgers-CINJ Global Oncology Fellowship Program.
Authors: Ashwin Chandar, Sukhdeep Kaur, Tlotlo Bathethi Ralefala, Deborah Toppmeyer, Claire Philipp, Richard Marlink, Reena Antony, Marilyn DiGiacobbe, Refeletswe Lebelonyane, Tendani Gaolathe, Tina M. Mayer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2019)

159 Background: With cancer accounting for 1 in every 7 deaths worldwide and 60-70% of cancer deaths occurring in low- and middle-income countries, any advancement in cancer care should include understanding to alleviate structural inequalities that produce these global oncological disparities. Rutgers-Cancer Institute of New Jersey (R-CINJ) Oncology Fellowship program, through partnerships with Rutgers Global Health and University of Botswana (UB), established a global oncology program in 2018 to provide young oncologists in training with this educational opportunity. Aims included understanding challenges faced by cancer patients in Botswana, evaluating opportunities to improve oncology care at Princess Marina Hospital (PMH), scholarly collaborations, and exchange knowledge. Methods: In partnership with PMH, UB, and Ministry of Health and Wellness (MOHW), R-CINJ created a global oncology program consisting of a 1 month rotation at PMH in Gaborone, Botswana, as well as longitudinal research/quality improvement (QI) projects. Two 3rd year oncology fellows rotated with house officers and oncologist at PMH. Weekly video conferences facilitated communication during the elective. Projects continued throughout 3rd year of fellowship, in conjunction with programmatic meetings. Results: Fellows gained exposure to cancer care using limited resources. In working with PMH staff, mentorship was provided, QI ideas were shared, and organizational changes were implemented. Scholarly activity was undertaken to examine trends in chemotherapy utilization at PMH over a 12-month period to assess patterns of malignancy and issues with stock outs. Relationship between pathology at PMH, UB, and Rutgers-CINJ and Rutgers Biomedical Engineering was established to expand digital pathology services in Botswana. Conclusions: Our global oncology program is a successful start to an ongoing partnership to help improve cancer care in Botswana. Future directions include development of cancer protocols in Botswana, helping limit medication shortages, and establishing telemedicine based collaboration to assist with diagnosis and improve pathology turnaround time.
GASTRIC FREEZING: HERE AND NOW?
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Food Systems: Perspectives on Demographics and Affluence, Food Supply and Consumption
Authors: Graham T. T. Molitor
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1990)

Global population may double by 2020 but the Malthusian specter of rapid population growth outracing slower increases in production will continue to be a false alarm. A vast array of agricultural technologies have the capacity to increase output 10-fold, perhaps as much as 100-fold. Discovery of a sweetener 54,000 times sweeter than sucrose (cane or beet sugar) indicates the magnitude of prodigious increases portended by new technologies. Productive agriculture, however, has become capital intense, limiting its availability in poorer nations. Increased production is the key to low prices and affordable supplies. In a world continuing to face starvation, there is no place for government policies purposely limiting supplies and artificially propping prices at high levels that place life-sustaining food beyond means of the poor. Affluence provides financial wherewithal to secure an adequate diet. Unfortunately, an estimated 25% of the world's population go hungry and face starvation. The specter of starvation may afflict as many as 600 million, and malnutrition, another 150 million by the year 2020. Improving self-sufficiency in these nations will remain a top humanitarian concern.
Structure and dynamics of the fenestrae-associated cytoskeleton of rat liver sinusoidal endothelial cells*1
Authors: F BRAET
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

This article describes the cytoskeleton associated with fenestrae and sieve plates of rat liver sinusoidal endothelial cells. Fenestrae control the exchange between the blood and parenchymal cells. We present evidence indicating that several agents that change the fenestrae and sieve plates also cause changes in the cytoskeleton. Cultured liver endothelial cells (LECs) were slightly fixed and treated with cytoskeleton extraction buffer. Detergent-extracted whole mounts of cultured cells were prepared for either scanning electron microscopy (SEM) or transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Extracted cells show an integral intricate cytoskeleton; sieve plates and fenestrae are delineated by cytoskeleton elements. Fenestrae are surrounded by a filamentous, fenestrae-associated cytoskeleton with a mean filament thickness of 16 nm. Sieve plates are surrounded and delineated by microtubuli, which form a network together with additional branching cytoskeletal elements. The addition of ethanol to cultured cells enlarged the diameter for these fenestrae-associated cytoskeleton rings by 5%, whereas serotonin treatment reduced the diameter by 20%. These observations indicate that the fenestrae-associated cytoskeleton probably changes the size of fenestrae after different treatments. After treatment with cytochalasin B the number of fenestrae increased. However, cytochalasin B did not change the structure of the fenestrae-associated cytoskeleton ring, but disperses the microtubuli. In conclusion, LECs have a cytoskeleton that defines and supports sieve plates and fenestrae. Fenestrae-associated cytoskeleton is a dynamic structure and plays a role in maintaining and regulating the size of fenestrae after different treatments. Therefore, the fenestrae-associated cytoskeleton controls the important hepatic function of endothelial filtration.
NOTES ON YELLOW FEVER.
Authors: GEORGE F. CENTER
Journal: JAMA (1892)

Yellow fever is thought to be a microbic disease, and to depend upon the chemical products of these microörganisms for its deleterious action upon man. It is a fact that these microbes and their products cannot be destroyed while in man by any known drug, nor can their ptomaines be neutralized while in the organism by any chemical not primarily destructive to man. In the absence of any known specific for yellow fever, to my own knowledge and experience it is evident that the best curative results are obtained by a depurative eliminative treatment, acting through the skin, bowels, and kidneys. Our epidemic at Jacksonville in 1888 was an exact repetition of the New Orleans epidemic of 1867. In both there were sporadic cases in the early spring; the types were generally mild; the fever was most sweeping, including the negroes, who are generally exempt. One attack here in 1877,
DEXA
Authors: W. Borner
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —I appreciate the interest of Drs Wolfe, Lurie, and Kahn and Mr Levin in my Editorial. However, the charge that it represented "AMA bias" is unwarranted. As Dr Wolfe knows,<i>JAMA</i>is editorially independent from the AMA. The views I expressed were based on my appraisal of the relevant scientific literature, including the study by Weintraub et al,<sup>1</sup>and my clinical experience as a psychiatrist. I cited AMA policy to inform readers about it, and I also cited some positive views of the regulations.<sup>2,3</sup> Mr Levin states that "there is no difference in the physician or patient experience" with the triplicate forms. Drs Wolfe and Lurie quote a similar assertion that there is no restriction of medical judgment, since physicians "simply write the prescription on a different form." These statements are at odds with reports of the reactions of patients and physicians to the New York
VISCOSITY OF THE BLOOD IN SHOCK
Journal: JAMA (1927)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal