tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Use of pharmacogenomic modeling in pancreatic cancer for prediction of chemotherapy response and resistance.
Authors: Vineet Sangar, Mark Ricigliano, Eileen Mary O'Reilly, Ghassan K. Abou-Alfa, Maeve Aine Lowery, Leonard Saltz, Joseph F Crotty, Kristen Gary, Eun Yong Choi, Jing Yin, Manuel Hidalgo, Kenneth H. Yu
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

142 Background: Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is uniformly lethal; despite this, modern cytotoxics (C) can induce tumor responses and extend life. Xenograft models have shown that pharmacogenomic (PGx) modeling of C can predict efficacy. Chemo-sensitivity and gene expression profiling of tumor progenitor (TP) cells isolated from peripheral blood may predict tumor response, progression and resistance. Methods: A prospective MSKCC study is ongoing with 46 of 60 planned patients accrued. 10 mL of peripheral blood is collected from patients with unresectable PDAC prior to C and at disease progression. Clinical data is prospectively collected. Circulating TP cells are isolated (Vita-Cap, Vitatex Inc.), total RNA is extracted and gene-expression analysis is performed. PGx models for twelve chemotherapy drug combinations used in PDAC were created from the GI50 data obtained from the NCI-60 cell lines (CellPath Therapeutics, Inc., Baltimore, MD). Expression data were normalized through GCRMA then probed to identify expression differences between the 35 patients with continued disease response and the 11 patients with disease progression. Analysis was performed at the pathway and individual gene level. Results: TP cells were isolated and gene expression and chemo-sensitivity patterns were obtained in all 46 evaluable patients prior to initiating C and in all 11 patients at 1st line disease progression. Preliminary analysis demonstrates clinical benefit for patients treated with C predicted to be effective versus C predicted to be ineffective (TTP 4.4 mo versus 2.7 mo, p=0.016). Changes in chemo-sensitivity patterns were evident at disease progression, reflecting treatment resistance. Hedgehog pathway over-expression was associated with resistance to gemcitabine but clinical response to 5-FU based treatment. Pathway analysis revealed that ErbB3, ARE/Nrf2 and Insulin pathways distinguished patients with disease progression. Conclusions: Isolation and gene expression profiling of TP cells can be performed reliably in unresectable PDAC. Preliminary analysis suggests that C profiling can predict response. Repeat PGx profiling identifies key pathways associated with treatment resistance. Clinical trial information: NCT01474564.
Living wills
Authors: M B H. Wilson
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2003)

The data presented by Dr Fontaine and his colleagues (August 2003 JRSM 1 ) suggest that perforation of an enterocystoplasty is often associated with an overfilled bladder which, in turn, can be produced by poor compliance with a strict intermittent catheterization regimen.It would be interesting to know how many of the total patients involved had diminished pain sensibility in their bladders, and what proportion of these were in the perforation group.Even the most fastidious patients may let their catheterization routine slip and this is a particular temptation when delay in performing catheterization does not result in pain.It could be that such patients need an efficient 'pain substitute'. 2Perhaps urological surgeons should reconsider the plastic surgeon's technique (when repairing pressure ulcers) of using normally innervated autografts?Such a graft, using perhaps expanded skin, might one day be incorporated into reconstructed bladders that would otherwise have absent or diminished pain sensibility.I appreciate that this would not be an easy operation, and skin might not be the best tissue to use.
Unintentional Poisoning Deaths—United States, 1999-2004
Journal: JAMA (2007)

In 2004, poisoning was second only to motor-vehicle crashes as a cause of death from unintentional injury in the United States . Nearly all poisoning deaths in the United States are attributed to drugs, and most drug poisonings result from the abuse of prescription and illegal drugs. Previous reports have indicated a substantial increase in unintentional poisoning mortality during the 1980s and 1990s. To further examine this trend, CDC analyzed the most current data from the National Vital Statistics System. This report summarizes the results of that analysis, which determined that poisoning mortality rates in the United States increased each year from 1999 to 2004, rising 62.5% during the 5-year period. The largest increases were among females (103.0%), whites (75.8%), persons living in the southern United States (113.6%), and persons aged 15-24 years (113.3%). Larger rate increases occurred in states with mostly rural populations. Rates for drug poisoning deaths increased 68.3%, and mortality rates for poisonings by other substances increased 1.3%. The largest increases were in the "other and unspecified," psychotherapeutic, and narcotic drug categories. The results suggest that more aggressive regulatory, educational, and treatment measures are necessary to address the increase in fatal drug overdoses.
Cosmetic Surgery
Journal: JAMA (2001)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Effectiveness of intermittent pneumatic leg compression for preventing deep vein thrombosis after total hip replacement
Authors: R. D. Hull
Journal: JAMA (1990)

A randomized trial was performed in consecutive patients undergoing total hip replacement to evaluate the effectiveness of sequential intermittent calf and thigh compression for preventing venous thrombosis compared with a control group given no prophylaxis. Both groups underwent case finding for deep vein thrombosis using combined fibrinogen I 125 leg scanning, impedance plethysmography, and venography. Deep vein thrombosis by venography was present in 77 (49%) of 158 control patients compared with 36 (24%) of 152 patients given intermittent compression. Proximal vein thrombosis was present in 42 controls (27%) compared with 22 patients (14%) given intermittent compression. Combined impedance plethysmography and leg scanning was insensitive in this patient group (sensitivity, 46%); venography was required to detect more than half the patients with venous thrombosis. Sequential intermittent leg compression clinically and statistically significantly reduced the frequency of both proximal vein and calf vein thrombosis. Case finding resulted in early detection and treatment of patients with venous thrombosis. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1990;263:2313-2317)
Gaseous Oxide Toxicity Evaluated with Cell Monolayers on Collagen-Coated, Gas-Permeable Teflon Membranes
Authors: Michael G. Gabridge, Martha F. Gladd
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1984)

A system was developed to evaluate the cytotoxic potential of gaseous oxides in vitro. Target cells were MRC-5 human lung fibroblasts cultivated as monolayers on gas-permeable , FEP-Teflon membranes. Membranes were secured in Chamber/Dishes with a 25 mm diameter well. To promote attachment of fibroblasts to the membranes, the latter were incubated in collagen ( Vitrogen ) solutions for 10 min prior to plating the cells. The collagen pretreatment was significantly more effective than poly-L-lysine, fetal calf serum, polybrene and bovine serum albumin. Several types (mouse and calf) of acid-soluble and alcohol-soluble collagen fractions were evaluated, and all of them promoted cell attachment with equivalent efficiency. Cells on membranes were exposed to gases in a Plexiglass chamber with a gas flow of 2L/min. Sulfur dioxide caused a marked loss in cell viability (as indicated by ATP content of the monolayer) after 30 min exposure to 0.01% and 0.005%. A level of 0.001% did not affect viability, and none of the levels tested caused a sloughing of the monolayer after 90 min. Nitrogen dioxide induced a more modest drop in cell viability after 30 min exposure to 0.1%, while 0.005% and 0.05% were nontoxic. No cell sloughing occurred with NO2 exposures, and exposures to CO2 at levels of 20% for 90 min were nontoxic. This system, with cell culture monolayers on gas-permeable Teflon membranes, is simple and convenient. As such, it has potential application to cytotoxicity evaluations with numerous gases.
The incidence of treated hypertension and time trends in the use of antihypertensive medications in older adults
Authors: Bruce M. Psaty, Nicholas L. Smith, Teri A. Manolio, Susan R. Heckbert, John S. Gottdiener, Gregory L. Burke, Neil R. Powe, Joel L. Weissfeld, Paul Enright, Curt D. Furberg
Journal: Circulation (2001)

0011 In the Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS), a cohort study of adults aged 65 or older, annual examinations included blood pressure measurements and an assessment of medication use. In 1989-90, 5201 subjects were recruited, and in 1992-3, another 687 African Americans joined the cohort. At baseline, 40% of the cohort had treated hypertension. During follow-up, 1091 started antihypertensive treatment, and 639 stopped. By 1997, 55% of the cohort had treated hypertension. Between baseline and the 1996-7 exam, the annual incidence of treated hypertension increased from 5.5% up to 8.3% as the cohort aged. In multivariate analysis, high levels of weight, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, non-white race, female sex, target organ disease, non-smoking, and a family history of CHD were all associated with incident treated hypertension. The adjusted incidence was higher in African Americans than in whites (OR = 1.32; 95% CI = 1.04-1.67). Among treated hypertensive participants, about 5% stopped antihypertensive treatment each year; and stopping was associated with older age, the use of fewer medications, and lower levels of systolic blood pressure. Between 1989 and 1997, among subjects free of coronary disease, the use of thiazide diuretics decreased from 60% to 40%, and β-blockers from 26% to 21%. During the same period, the use of ACE inhibitors increased steadily from 17% to 31%; α-blockers from 6% to 9%; and calcium channel blockers increased from 14% to 35% in 1995 and thereafter remained stable. A similar pattern of trends was apparent in subjects with coronary disease: for instance, thiazide diuretic use declined from 36% to 20% in subjects with coronary disease. Even though clinical trials published in the early 1990s have documented the importance of low-dose diuretic therapy for preventing the cardiovascular complications of untreated high blood pressure in older adults, the use of proven, effective, and inexpensive antihypertensive therapies declined between 1989 and 1997.
Rupture of the renal artery nine days after percutaneous transluminal angioplasty
Authors: J. W. Olin
Journal: JAMA (1987)

ATHEROSCLEROTIC renal artery disease may present with hypertension and/or renal failure.<sup>1-3</sup>Several recent reports suggest that total occlusion of the renal artery, or end-stage renal disease secondary to atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis, may not be as uncommon as previously thought.<sup>4,5</sup>Renal revascularization has been successfully performed on this high-risk group of patients for preservation of renal function.<sup>1,3,5-7</sup>Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) has also been employed as a safe and effective procedure when dealing with atherosclerotic renal artery disease<sup>8-12</sup>and has been used to restore blood flow to a totally occluded renal artery.<sup>13,14</sup> We report herein a case in which PTA of the renal artery was performed for restoration of renal function. Initially, the patient had a technically successful result, but she died suddenly nine days after the procedure from rupture of the renal artery. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 56-year-old woman was admitted to the
THE FOOD OF THE POORER CLASSES IN WAR TIME
Journal: JAMA (1918)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Advertising.
Journal: JAMA (1897)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Section 32.—Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Journal: JAMA (1973)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Financial Assistance Offered by the International Union Against Cancer
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1977)

Financial Assistance Offered by the International Union Against Cancer Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 58, Issue 6, June 1977, Page 1877, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/58.6.1877-b Published: 01 June 1977
Bone Tumours
Authors: David C. Dahlin
Journal: JAMA (1966)

This short book is designed especially "for the medical student and for the postgraduate student working for a higher qualification in surgery." The author, Dr. William D. Graham, is professor of orthopedic surgery at the University of Witwatersrand. He has, I believe, achieved his goal of providing worthwhile, concise information concerning neoplasms and a few of the non-neoplastic conditions that simulate neoplasms of bone. The classification employed is conventional and up-to-date. The general comments regarding various lesions are in line with the consensus of other experts in the field. The text is not designed as a reference for the pathologist faced with diagnostic problems since it contains no photomicrographs and no detailed discussion of histopathology. It does, however, include 57 photographs of roentgenograms. These are of generally excellent quality. A bibliography, which includes most of the key references, is provided. The final chapter gives useful hints regarding biopsy procedures, discusses
Severe Liver Injury in Patients Taking the Asthma Medication Zafirlukast
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2000)

Summaries for Patients19 December 2000Severe Liver Injury in Patients Taking the Asthma Medication ZafirlukastSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-133-12-200012190-00006 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail What is the problem and what is known about it so far?Zafirlukast is a relatively new asthma medication. In initial studies, up to 5% of patients who took this drug had abnormal results on liver tests, but no symptomatic liver problems occurred.Why did the researchers do this particular study?To describe three patients who developed severe liver injury while taking zafirlukast.Who was studied?The report describes three middle-aged women who developed liver problems while taking 20 mg of zafirlukast twice a day.How was the study done?The authors examined the patients and reviewed their medical records. ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: The summary below is from the full report titled, “Severe Liver Injury after Treatment with the Leukotriene Receptor Antagonist Zafirlukast.” It is in the 19 December 2000 issue of Annals of Internal Medicine (volume 133, pages 964-968). The authors are JF Reinus, S Persky, JS Burkiewicz, D Quan, NM Bass, and TJ Davern.Summaries for Patients are a service provided by Annals to help patients better understand the complicated and often mystifying language of modern medicine.Summaries for Patients are presented for informational purposes only. These summaries are not a substitute for advice from your own medical provider. If you have questions about this material, or need medical advice about your own health or situation, please contact your physician. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoSevere Liver Injury after Treatment with the Leukotriene Receptor Antagonist Zafirlukast John F. Reinus , Seth Persky , Jill S. Burkiewicz , David Quan , Nathan M. Bass , and Timothy J. Davern Metrics 19 December 2000Volume 133, Issue 12Page: I-63KeywordsAbdominal painAsthmaBiopsyDrugsLiverLiver diseasesRashesResearch laboratoriesSteroidsVomiting ePublished: 19 December 2000 Issue Published: 19 December 2000 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2000 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Computers and silent children
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Intrauterine Growth Retardation in Iowa Communities with Herbicide-Contaminated Drinking Water Supplies
Authors: Ronald Munger, Peter Isacson, Song Hu, Trudy Burns, James Hanson, Charles F. Lynch, Keith Cherryholmes, Paul Van Dorpe, William J. Hausler
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1997)

In a statewide survey of 856 Iowa municipal drinking water supplies in 1986-1987 the Rathbun rural water system was found to contain elevated levels of triazine herbicides. Rates of low birth weight, prematurity, and intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) in live singleton births during the period 1984-1990 by women living in 13 communities served by the Rathbun water system were compared to other communities of similar size in the same Iowa counties. The Rathbun communities had a greater risk of IUGR than southern Iowa communities with other surface sources of drinking water (relative risk = 1.8; 95% CI = 1.3, 2.7). Multiple linear regression analyses revealed that levels of the herbicides atrazine, metolachlor, and cyanzinc were each significant predictors of community IUGR rates in southern Iowa after controlling for several potentially confounding factors including maternal smoking and socioeconomic variables. The association with IUGR was strongest for atrazine, but all three herbicides were intercorrelated and the independent contributions of each to IUGR risk could not be determined. We conclude that communities in southern Iowa with drinking water supplies contaminated with herbicides have elevated rates of IUGR compared to neighboring communities with different water supplies. Because of the limitations of the ecologic design of this study, including aggregate rather than individual measures of exposure and limited ability to control for confounding factors related to source of drinking water and risk of IUGR, a strong causal relationship between any specific water contaminant and risk of IUGR cannot yet be inferred. The association between the water supplied to the Rathbun communities and the increased risk of IUGR should be considered a preliminary finding that needs to be verified by more detailed epidemiologic studies.