tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Monosaccharide Autoxidation in Health and Disease
Authors: Paul J. Thornalley
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1985)

The reduction of oxygen by the ene-diol tautomer of simple monosaccharides produces hydrogen peroxide and alpha-oxoaldehydes. This process, termed monosaccharide autoxidation, occurs at physiological pH and temperature and may contribute to the development of several pathological processes. Enolization of the monosaccharide to an ene-diol tautomer is a prerequisite for the reaction of the monosaccharides with oxygen. The reaction kinetics suggest a two step process: the enolization of the monosaccharide to the ene-diol followed by the reaction of the ene-diol with oxygen. Free-radical reactive intermediates are formed by the reaction of the ene-diol with oxygen: superoxide, semidione, and 1-hydroxyalkyl radicals are formed under physiological conditions (hydroxyl radicals are also detected at high pH). The autoxidation of monosaccharides stimulates the oxidation of oxyhemoglobin in erythrocytes, producing methemoglobin and hydrogen peroxide, and the oxidation of reduced pyridine nucleotides NAD(P)H to the oxidized congener NAD(P)+ and enzymatically inactive nucleotide. This stimulates oxidative metabolism (via the hexose monophosphate shunt) and alpha-oxoaldehyde metabolism (via the glyoxalase system) in erythrocytes in vitro. The oxidative challenge is relatively mild even with very high concentrations (50 mM) of monosaccharide. However, crosslinking of membrane proteins by alpha-oxoaldehydes is enhanced; this effect may exacerbate ageing and decrease the lifetime of erythrocytes in circulation. In vivo, the autoxidation of monosaccharides is expected to be a chronic oxidative process occurring in biological tissue which utilises simple monosaccharides, e.g., in glycolysis and gluconeogenesis. Monosaccharide autoxidation is suggested to be a determinant in the control of cellular mitosis and ageing, providing physiological substrates for the glyoxalase system, and may contribute to the chronic disease processes associated with diabetes mellitus and the smoking of tobacco.
Fruit‐pollen‐latex cross‐reactivity: implication of profilin (Bet v 2)
Authors: M.L. Díez‐Gómez, S. Quirce, M. Cuevas, C. Sánchez‐Fernández, G. Baz, F.J. Moradiellos, A. Martínez
Journal: Allergy (1999)
Correction
Authors: J Brudenell, Alina Piescowicz, Catherine Ryan, D Obst, Pamela Stracey, Non-Resident Anaesthetic Registrar, ; Inman, S In Anaesthetics, B Yousif, S To, Neurosurgical Unit, G Bradfield, Mary Hospital, Harry Halton, Scott Hamilton, A Brown, I Lishman, R Lacey, A Livingston, I Sewell, P Watson, R Mulholland, D Higton, P Whitfield, K Korsah
Journal: BMJ (1964)
THE VARIED FUNCTIONS POSSIBLE IN THE COUNTY MEDICAL SOCIETY.
Journal: JAMA (1905)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Pollen Embryogenesis to Induce, Detect, and Analyze Mutants
Authors: Milton J. Constantin
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1981)

The development of fully differentiated plants from individual pollen grains through a series of developmental phases that resemble embryogenesis beginning with the zygote was demonstrated during the mid-1960's. This technology opened the door to the use of haploid plants (sporophytes with the gametic number of chromosomes) for plant breeding and genetic studies, biochemical and metabolic studies, and the selection of mutations. Although pollen embryogenesis has been demonstrated successfully in numerous plant genera, the procedure cannot as yet be used routinely to generate large populations of plants for experiments. Practical results from use of the technology in genetic toxicology research to detect mutations have failed to fully realize the theoretical potential; further developments of the technology could overcome the limitations. Pollen embryogenesis could be used to develop plants from mutant pollen grains to verify that genetic changes are involved. Through either spontaneous or induced chromosome doubling, these plants can be made homozygous and used to analyze genetically the mutants involved. The success of this approach will depend on the mutant frequency relative to the fraction of pollen grains that undergo embryogenesis; these two factors will dictate population size needed for success. Research effort is needed to further develop pollen embryogenesis for use in the detection of genotoxins under both laboratory and in situ conditions.
Neurology
Authors: Robert J. Joynt
Journal: JAMA (1989)

The upsurge of interest in basic neurobiology has influenced the clinical discipline of neurology greatly. Basic studies in virology, pharmacology, genetics, physiology, and other fields have provided information and tools to attack some of the elusive problems related to diseases of the nervous system. There are few areas in which the sought-after transfer of laboratory results to the clinic have fared so well. For clinicians who have the experience to compare the neurology of 30 or 40 years ago with that of the present, it is an exciting and gratifying time. Magnetic resonance imaging has been used extensively enough now that comparisons can be made with other techniques, especially computed tomography. The Council on Scientific Affairs of the American Medical Association found that magnetic resonance imaging is superior to computed tomography for lesions that involve the white matter, for early hypoxic changes in the brain, and for delineating the extent
The Cover
Authors: M. Therese Southgate
Journal: JAMA (1983)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Immunopharmacology: immunomodulation and immunotherapy
Authors: M. Ballow
Journal: JAMA (1997)

Immunopharmacology has changed dramatically over the past 25 years. Although a variety of traditional nonspecific immunosuppressive drug therapies are available for the treatment of autoimmune disease and organ transplantation rejection, with advances in cell biology and monoclonal antibody technology, a highly specific antibody can be engineered to cell surface determinants on immune cells or tumors or to neutralize inflammatory and immune mediators from an immune response. Many of these modalities are still in early phases of study for the treatment of autoimmune disease. In addition to therapies that suppress immune responses, advances in molecular biology have led to new agents and methods to enhance immune responses and correct immune deficits, such as growth factor replacement and cytokine therapies. Finally, gene therapy is a method for the long-term treatment of disorders in which a defective gene leads to disease.
News
Authors: Alexander Ncneish, Gy M6zsik, Vay Liang, T Mr
Journal: Gut (1984)

This book, the latest in the Postgraduate Paediatric Series published by Butterworths, has the stated intention of providing a very practical yet up to date approach to paediatric gastroenterology that would be appropriate for trainee paediatricians, established paediatricians, and general practitioners.The authors, from England (ex-Australia), Canada, and the USA have aimed 'to bridge the North Atlantic by producing a text that would take account of practices in our three countries in this rapidly advancing subject where clinical practice may vary from centre to centre'.They have succeeded admirably in their aim in a well produced volume of 400 pages and moderate price.In the small but growing world of paediatric gastroenterology, it is likely that, not only will the authors be friends of each other, but (as in this case) they will be friends of the reviewer as well.One can therefore look for evidence of personal hobby horsesthere are a few, and none the worse for that, in a generally well balanced text.One can have the fun of 'looking for the join' -spotting which chapters were written by which authors -not a difficult task when the special interests of each author are well known.But rather easy too for the general reader to detect which chapters emanated from the North American continent -why is it that, in general, authors from North America refer to the European literature so parsimoniously?The text is divided into two parts.An excellent section on gastrointestinal symptoms and signs in childhood is followed by a categorised account of specific disease entities.Each chapter has a short list of important references.Common disorders are given their proper place, but the unusual are covered briefly too, thus making the book a very useful addition to the library of the practising paediatric gastroenterologist.The brief chapter on diarrhoeal disease in developing communities by Michael Rowland (MRC, The Gambia) serves to remind us, in Jon Rohde's memorable phrase, of the need to 'take science where the diarrhoea is'.
Bladder training and related therapies for urinary incontinence in older people
Authors: E. C. Hadley
Journal: JAMA (1986)

In recent years, several studies have reported that bladder training, a behavioral intervention in which the interval between voluntary voidings is gradually extended, is an effective therapy for "urge" urinary incontinence (incontinence often associated with inability to inhibit detrusor contractions). Related behavioral therapies may also be effective for incontinence associated with impaired mobility and cognitive status. Because all of these types of incontinence are particularly common among older persons, the effectiveness of these therapies in this age group deserves attention. However, few well-controlled trials have been conducted with older subjects. There are many pathophysiologic types of incontinence among the older population, which is also heterogeneous in important clinical and functional characteristics that affect response to treatment. Hence, clinical trials that characterize subjects' urodynamic, neurologic, cognitive, and functional status, as well as the presence of other diseases and medication use, are needed to determine which elderly persons are likely to respond to particular behavioral regimens for urinary incontinence. (<i>JAMA</i>1986;256:372-379)
-gnosis
Authors: Veneta Masson
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2016)

Ad Libitum17 May 2016-gnosisVeneta Masson, RN, MAVeneta Masson, RN, MAFrom Washington, DC.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/M16-0242 Audio Reading - “-gnosis” Audio. Michael A. LaCombe, MD, Annals Associate Editor, reads "-gnosis," by V. Masson. Your browser does not support the audio element. Audio player progress bar Step backward in current audio track Play current audio trackPause current audio track Step forward in current audio track Mute current audio trackUnmute current audio track 00:00/ SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail knowledgeHeart attackstrokedamagedecay—they all take their toll,and cancer,that celebrity plagueof misstep and excess,that's morphed itself intoour metaphor for mortality.Think for a moment.Diagnosis, prognosis—they're not what matter.It's gnosis pure and simple,that unheralded dawnthat drives you to faithdespairfearangerpoetry.For gnosis there's no curenever will be. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Washington, DC.Current Author Address: Veneta Masson, RN, MA; e-mail, veneta.[email protected]com. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement Audio Reading - “-gnosis” Audio. Michael A. LaCombe, MD, Annals Associate Editor, reads "-gnosis," by V. Masson. Your browser does not support the audio element. Audio player progress bar Step backward in current audio track Play current audio trackPause current audio track Step forward in current audio track Mute current audio trackUnmute current audio track 00:00/ FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 17 May 2016Volume 164, Issue 10Page: 697KeywordsFearMortalityMyocardial infarctionPlagueStroke ePublished: 17 May 2016 Issue Published: 17 May 2016 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2016 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Interaction between Environmental Pollutants and Respiratory Infections
Authors: Richard Ehrlich
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1980)

The major aspects that must be considered in studies of the health effects of environmental pollutants are: the direct damage due to the exposure, the role of pre-existing disease, and effects of the exposure on the response to secondary stresses. In experimental studies at concentrations of air pollutants found in urban environments frank toxicological responses are rarely observed. However, exposure to a secondary stress, i.e. respiratory challenge with infectious bacteria, can exacerbate the response of the experimental host. Changes in the resistance to respiratory infections provide a highly sensitive experimental animal model system, which is increasingly used in studies of health effects of air pollutants. This model indicates the impairment of the basic defense mechanisms of the respiratory system by the combined exposure to low concentrations of pollutants and the superimposed bacterial infection. Changes in the resistance to respiratory infections were studied in various species of laboratory animals. S. pyogenes and K. pneumoniae are the bacteria of choice to induce the pulmonary infection. Included in the studies are short-term single and multiple exposures as well as long-term exposures to gaseous pollutants such as O3 and NO2 and particulate pollutants such as sulfates and nitrates. Changes in the resistance are measured as excess mortalities and reduced survival time as compared to those in infected animals not exposed to the pollutants. Other parameters measured ranged from changes in the immune response to changes in retention rates of bacteria in lungs.
GYNECOLOGY AMONG THE INSANE.
Journal: JAMA (1896)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
PURE MOTOR HEMIPLEGIA
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Announcement of Meeting on Research Case Definition for Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
Journal: JAMA (1993)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Assessment of domestic violence at the scene of domestic assaults
Authors: E. M. Datner
Journal: JAMA (1997)

The data presented by Dr Datner and colleagues reinforce previous studies that show that a crisis due to domestic violence can be a life-threatening event but often is not treated like one.<sup>1</sup>The emergency interventions that they studied, just like the ones that we observed, probably were carried out by police with minimal, if any, involvement by health care workers. Our observations have led us to conclude that a crisis due to domestic violence is as much a health emergency as it is a police emergency. Even though domestic violence typically is a chronic condition punctuated by intermittent crises, developing an effective acute response to the crises may be the first step to generating effective interventions and preventive strategies.<sup>2</sup>This certainly has been the case with other life—threatening conditions such as heart disease and depression. We have begun to explore novel interventions linked to 911 calls for
TRAUMATIC ARTERIO-VENOUS ANEURYSMS OF THE SUBCLAVIAN VESSELS, WITH AN ANALYTICAL STUDY OF FIFTEEN REPORTED CASES, INCLUDING ONE OPERATED UPON.
Authors: RUDOLPH MATAS
Journal: JAMA (1902)

<h3>PERSONAL OBSERVATION.</h3> Synopsis: A case of traumatic(gunshot) arterio-venous aneurysm of the right subclavian vessels, involving the artery within the scaleni; division of the artery between ligatures placed on the first and third divisions; detachment of the anastomotic connection; lateral suture of the venous orifice; osteoplastic resection of the clavicle under eucain B. anesthesia; recovery, with partial loss of hand and forearm from arterial ischemia. On September 8, Moise M., a young Acadian farmer, native of Rayne, Acadia Parish, La., was brought to me for treatment at the New Orleans Sanitarium. His attending physician, Dr. C. H. Power, Rayne, who kindly referred him to me and accompanied him to the sanitarium, gave the following particulars of his history and of the circumstances under which the injury was inflicted. We may premise the history of the injury by stating that he is a robust and exceptionally healthy man, aged 24, married. He
Reform of child immunization service delivery in Israel
Authors: G. L. Freed
Journal: JAMA (1995)

Overall immunization rates for 2-year-old children in Israel have consistently been higher than 90%,<sup>1</sup>a particularly impressive figure given the country's absorption of millions of immigrants from diverse cultural backgrounds. Historically, Israel has maintained strong government control of immunization delivery. However, despite the success of this system, the country is now moving to limit direct government involvement in this area. Conversely, the uncoordinated mix of public and private sector activity in the United States has yielded low 2-year-old immunization rates, prompting the Clinton administration to call for greater government control of immunization delivery.<sup>2</sup>Examining the impetus for, and consequences of, changes in the Israeli system as it moves away from strict government control may provide insight into the implications of health care reform efforts in the United States and other countries. <h3>Current System of Immunization Delivery in Israel</h3> In Israel, children's preventive services and curative care are provided