tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Mathematical Models for Predicting Indoor Air Quality from Smoking Activity
Authors: Wayne R. Ott
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1999)

Much progress has been made over four decades in developing, testing, and evaluating the performance of mathematical models for predicting pollutant concentrations from smoking in indoor settings.Although largely overlooked by the regulatory community, these models provide regulators and risk assessors with practical tools for quantitatively estimating the exposure level that people receive indoors for a given level of smoking activity.This article reviews the development of the mass balance model and its application to predicting indoor pollutant concentrations from cigarette smoke and derives the time-averaged version of the model from the basic laws of conservation of mass.A simple table is provided of computed respirable particulate concentrations for any indoor location for which the active smoking count, volume, and concentration decay rate (deposition rate combined with air exchange rate) are known.Using the indoor ventilatory air exchange rate causes slightly higher indoor concentrations and therefore errs on the side of protecting health, since it excludes particle deposition effects, whereas using the observed particle decay rate gives a more accurate prediction of indoor concentrations.This table permits easy comparisons of indoor concentrations with air quality guidelines and indoor standards for different combinations of active smoking counts and air exchange rates.The published literature on mathematical models of environmental tobacco smoke also is reviewed and indicates that these models generally give good agreement between predicted concentrations and actual indoor measurements.
Editorial Board
Authors: Philip Norman, Md Associate, Bruce Bochner, Robert Schleimer, Jonathan Schneck, Jean Bousquet, Martin Ch, Donald Cockcroft, Stephen Holgate, Southampton England, Manueil Lopez, New Orleans, F Estelle, R Simons, Robert Bush, Tak Lee, Henning Lowen, Jean-Luc Malo, Dennis Ownby, A Burks, Samuel Lehrer, Donald Leung, Denver Co, R Robe, R Schellenberg, H Wedner, St Louis, R Aalberse, Benjamin Burrows, Az Tucson, Robert Naclerio, Harold Nelson, Daniel Adelman, San Francisco, Emil Bardana, Stephen Durham
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (1994)
Abstract 13103: A Novel Anchor Protein TUG Mediates GLUT4 Translocation by AMP-activated Protein Kinase in the Ischemic Heart
Authors: Yina Ma, Wanqing Sun, Nanhu Quan, Lin Wang, Xingchi Chen, Jonathan Bogan, Ji Li
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: Ischemic heart disease is a leading cause of death, and it is caused by reduced blood flow to the ischemic area. Thus, an increasing nutrient uptake is a key approach to increase cardiomyocyte survival rate during the ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) period. TUG (tether containing a UBX domain, for GLUT4, 60 KDa) is a regulator of GLUT4 trafficking, it can be cleaved to mobilize GLUT4 from intracellular membranes to the cell surface after insulin stimulation in skeletal muscle. The energy sensor AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is known to play an important cardioprotective role during myocardial I/R by regulating GLUT4 translocation and glucose uptake. Hypothesis: TUG is one of the downstream targets of AMPK, which can be phosphorylated by hypoxia/ischemia induced AMPK activation. Phosphorylation of TUG accelerates its cleavage and increases GLUT4 translocation during ischemia/reperfusion in the heart. Methods: In vitro hypoxia chamber and ex vivo isolated mouse heart perfusion Langendorff system were used to test the hypothesis. Antithrombin (AT) is an endogenous AMPK agonist in the heart, which was used to define the role of TUG in regulating GLUT4 trafficking during ischemia and reperfusion in the heart. Results: The ex vivo heart perfusion data demonstrated that AT triggered AMPK activation and significantly increase glucose uptake and GLUT4 translocation during ischemia and reperfusion (p&lt;0.05 vs. vehicle). Intriguingly, GLUT4 immunoprecipitation data showed that AT treatment caused a dissociation of TUG from GLUT4. Moreover, AT treatment increased abundance of a TUG cleavage product (42 KDa) in response to I/R. All of these glucose transporter trafficking events are blunted in the AMPK kinase dead (KD) transgenic hearts. In HL-1 cardiomyocytes, TUG proteins were phosphorylated by activated AMPK during hypoxia. Moreover, TUG siRNA knockdown the TUG of HL-1 cells caused significantly increased cell surface GLUT4 and glucose uptake. Conclusions: Cardiac AMPK activation stimulates TUG cleavage and causes the dissociation between TUG and GLUT4 in the intracellular vesicles. TUG is a critical mediator that modulates cardiac GLUT4 translocation to cell surface and enhances glucose uptake by AMPK signaling pathway.
Virus Activation by Vitamin A and NO 2 Gas Exposures in Hamsters
Authors: J. C. S. Kim
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1977)

Hamsters exposed to 10 ppm NO2 for 5 hr once a week for 4 weeks while undergoing acute vitamin A deficiency showed much reduced epithelial cell regeneration in the terminal bronchioles.Quantitative analysis done by autoradiography and scintillation counting from lung tissues indicates much reduced cell kinetics occurring in terninal bronchiolar alveolar region.Alveolar necrosis was often observed and no type II cell reversion occurred.Virus particles were found within the alveolar epithelial plasma membrane.
Validity of Adjuvant! Online in elderly patients with stage III colon cancer based on 2,794 patients from the ACCENT database.
Authors: Christiana Matthaiou, Lindsay A. Renfro, Demetris Papamichael, Greg Yothers, Leonard Saltz, Eric Van Cutsem, Hans-Joachim Schmoll, Roberto Labianca, Thierry Andre, Michael J. O'Connell, Katherine Guthrie, Steven R. Alberts, Daniel G. Haller, Pantelis Kountourakis, Daniel J. Sargent
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

3620 Background: Adjuvant! Online is a tool used for clinical decision making in patients (pts) with early stage colon cancer. As the tool’s construction and validation has never been published, it remains whether Adjuvant! Online can accurately predict outcomes for elderly pts (age 70+) with node positive colon cancer who received adjuvant chemotherapy. Methods: Individual data from elderly pts with stage III colon cancer who enrolled into ACCENT trials were entered into the Adjuvant! Online program, and predicted probabilities of 5-year overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) were obtained. Median predictions were then compared with known rates and their 95% CIs, overall and within pt subgroups. As co-morbidities were not known for ACCENT pts but required for calculator entry, pts were assumed to have either “minor” or “average for age” co-morbidities in two separate analyses. Results: A total of 2,794 elderly pts from 14 randomized studies were included. When “minor” comorbidities were assumed, the median predicted 5-year OS rate of 63% matched the actual rate of 63% (95% CI: 62% to 65%); when “average for age” comorbidities were assumed, the median prediction dropped to 58%, outside the CI for the actual rate. On the other hand, assuming “minor” comorbidities gave a median 5-year RFS prediction of 61%, outside the 95% CI for the actual rate of 56% (95% CI: 55% to 58%); assuming “average for age” comorbidities yielded an improved median prediction of 57%. Conclusions: Adjuvant! Online is reasonably accurate overall for predicting outcomes in elderly patients with stage III colon cancer who participated in clinical trials, though accuracy may differ between 5-year RFS and 5-year OS predictions when a fixed degree of comorbidities is assumed.
THE STATUS OF INSULIN
Journal: JAMA (1923)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
REPORT OF THE PROCEEDINGS OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MICROSCOPISTS.
Journal: JAMA (1883)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Dispensatory of the United States of America. Thoroughly revised, largely rewritten and based on the ninth revision of the United States Pharmacopoeia and the British Pharmacopoeia, 1914.
Journal: JAMA (1918)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Health system deregulation. Some aspects of health care system reform need not be held hostage
Authors: S. C. Gleason
Journal: JAMA (1995)

What a difference a year can make. During the summer of 1994, Washington was completely consumed by the congressional debate over health care system reform. The tides have ebbed and this issue has been at least temporarily swept into the recesses of the Capitol corridors. The 104th Congress is not expected to enact any comprehensive health system reform, and the attention of most health care lobbyists has been diverted to preventing deep Medicare and Medicaid cuts. While sharp divisions emerged in the last 12 months over health system reform, there is bipartisan support for decreasing paperwork and reducing the oppressive regulatory health care environment. Administrative simplification should move forward. Efforts to streamline the existing health care bureaucracy in the public and private sectors can be accomplished in many cases without new legislation. This article outlines examples of such initiatives. The following proposals are based, in part, on a report prepared
Obstinate Hiccough.
Journal: JAMA (1903)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
<i>QuickStats:</i> Age-Adjusted Death Rates* from Unintentional Falls† Among Adults Aged ≥65 Years, by Sex — National Vital Statistics System, 1999–2016
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2018)

50 60 70 80 Overall Men Women * Deaths per 100,000 population, age-adjusted to the 2000 U.S. standard population.† As underlying cause of death, unintentional fall-related deaths are identified with the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision codes W00-W19.From 1999 to 2016, age-adjusted death rates from unintentional falls among adults aged ≥65 years increased 110% from 29.4 to 61.6 per 100,000.Among men aged ≥65 years, the age-adjusted death rate increased 89% from 38.3 per 100,000 in 1999 to 72.3 in 2016.For women aged ≥65 years, the rate increased 122% from 24.3 per 100,000 in 1999 to 54.0 in 2016.Throughout the period, death rates from unintentional falls were higher for men than women.
Pulmonary hemosiderosis and immune thrombocytopenia. Initial manifestations of collagen-vascular disease
Authors: G. R. Buchanan
Journal: JAMA (1981)

Severe iron deficiency anemia, pulmonary infiltrates, and cutaneous hemorrhage associated with thrombocytopenia developed in a 7-year-old girl. A typical clinical course and the presence of abundant hemosiderinladen macrophages in the gastric juice and alveoli suggested a diagnosis of idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis (IPH). Investigation of the marked thrombocytopenia, not previously reported as a finding in IPH, resulted in the demonstration of antiplatelet antibody in the patient's serum and on her platelets. Response to corticosteroid administration and splenectomy was consistent with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). The IPH and ITP may have occurred coincidentally in this patient, but certain pathophysiological similarities between these two disorders and ultimate development of a poorly defined fatal diffuse connective tissue disorder suggest that thrombocytopenia and intrapulmonary hemorrhage were related. (<i>JAMA</i>1981;246:861-864)
Toxicity and Residue Studies in Dairy Animals with FireMaster FF-1 (Polybrominated Biphenyls)
Authors: M. G. Robl, D. H. Jenkins, R. J. Wingender, D. E. Gordon
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1978)

Two studies (one in Holstein calves and one in Holstein cows) were conducted to determine potential toxicity and residue levels following oral ingestion of polybrominated biphenyls (PBB). The material was FireMaster FF-1. Administration was by gelatin capsules. Doses in calves were 0.1, 1.0, 10, or 100 mg/kg body weight, while doses in cows were equivalent to 0.01, 0.1, 1.0, or 10 ppm in the diet. The calves were sacrificed after 2, 4, 6, or 12 weeks. The cows were fed 158 or 228 days, and were then in a recovery period for 182 or 112 days. In the calf study, signs of toxicity were observed only in animals fed 100 mg/kg-day. Administration of 10 mg/kg-day or less for up to 12 weeks caused no overt signs of toxicity. Histologic studies were conducted upon selected organs and tissues taken at time of sacrifice. The only treatment-induced lesions among animals fed 0.1 mg/kg-day were minimal lesions in the kidney and skin in the one calf fed at this level for 12 weeks. Treatment-induced lesions were present in the kidneys, skin, and/or liver from some animals fed levels of 1.0 mg/kg-day and above. The relative severity of these lesions was related to the level and length of exposure. Treatment-associated changes were observed in the testes of all males in this study. The hypospermatogenesis observed was consistent with the age of the animals due to prepuberal development of the testes. No clinical signs of toxicity or histologic changes attributed to PBB were observed in the cows. Two cows were pregnant at the initiation of the study and give birth to normal, healthy calves during the study. These calves grew normally and appeared healthy when sacrificed at about 6 months of age. Residue levels were quantitated as the hexabromobiphenyl isomer (BP-6) which is the major isomer present in the PBB mixture. Tissue residue levels in calves increased with dose and duration of administration of PBB with highest levels being found in the fat. At 100 mg/kg the levels in fat were about 6000 to 6300 ppm after 6 to 12 weeks. Residue levels of BP-6 in milk and fat of the cows also increased with dose and duration of administration. Maximum levels in milk were about 1/3 the levels in the diet. In general, the levels plateaued after about 4 to 6 weeks and did not go appreciably higher even though administration of the FireMaster FF-1 was continued. Maximum levels in fat were on the order of approximately 4.5 times the levels in the diet, except at the lowest dose level. Residues decreased in milk after administration of PBB was discontinued, but detectable levels were still present 6 months later. Residues were found in the calves born of treated cows indicating passage of the PBBs through the placental barrier and/or ingestion through the milk.
Rationing of intensive care unit services. An everyday occurrence
Authors: M. J. Strauss
Journal: JAMA (1986)

We investigated the extent to which bed availability affects decision making in an intensive care unit (ICU). For 1,151 ICU patients, we determined the number of empty ICU beds available at times of admission and discharge and the outcome for those patients. For a randomly chosen group we assessed severity of illness. Patients admitted during times of bed shortage were, on average, more severely ill than those admitted when many beds were unoccupied. Patients discharged under crowded conditions were sicker and had a shorter stay than patients discharged when more beds were available. The relative risk of discharge was inversely related to empty bed availability, illness severity, and age. Bed availability had no effect on rates of death in the ICU, death after discharge, or readmission to the ICU. We conclude that physicians can effectively ration intensive care beds on a regular basis by altering admission and discharge decision making. (<i>JAMA</i>1986;255:1143-1146)
WATER DRINKING AND HYPERTENSION
Journal: JAMA (1922)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Erratum: Modulation of splicing catalysis for therapeutic targeting of leukemia with mutations in genes encoding spliceosomal proteins
Authors: Stanley Chun-Wei Lee, Heidi Dvinge, Eunhee Kim, Hana Cho, Jean-Baptiste Micol, Young Rock Chung, Benjamin H Durham, Akihide Yoshimi, Young Joon Kim, Michael Thomas, Camille Lobry, Chun-Wei Chen, Alessandro Pastore, Justin Taylor, Xujun Wang, Andrei Krivtsov, Scott A Armstrong, James Palacino, Silvia Buonamici, Peter G Smith, Robert K Bradley, Omar Abdel-Wahab
Journal: Nature Medicine (2016)
Capillary Pattern in Familial Schizophrenics: Study of Nail-fold Capillaries
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal