tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Examining Associations between Childhood Asthma and Traffic Flow Using a Geographic Information System
Authors: Paul English, Raymond Neutra, Russell Scalf, Moira Sullivan, Lance Waller, Li Zhu
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1999)

Using geographic information systems (GIS) and routinely collected data, we explored whether childhood residence near busy roads was associated with asthma in a low-income population in San Diego County, California. We examined the locations of residences of 5,996 children [less than/equal to] 14 years of age who were diagnosed with asthma in 1993 and compared them to a random control series of nonrespiratory diagnoses (n = 2,284). Locations of the children's residences were linked to traffic count data at streets within 550 ft. We also examined the number of medical care visits in 1993 for children with asthma to determine if the number of visits was related to traffic flow. Analysis of the distribution of cases and controls by quintiles and by the 90th, 95th, and 99th percentiles of traffic flow at the highest traffic street, nearest street, and total of all streets within a 550-ft buffer region did not show any significantly elevated odds ratios. However, among cases, those residing near high traffic flows (measured at the nearest street) were more likely than those residing near lower traffic flows to have two or more medical care visits for asthma than to have only one visit for asthma during the year. The results of this exploratory study suggest that higher traffic flows may be related to an increase in repeated medical visits for asthmatic children. Repeated exposure to particulate matter and other air pollutants from traffic exhaust may aggravate asthmatic symptoms in individuals already diagnosed with asthma.
SPIRITT (study 20060141): A randomized phase II study of FOLFIRI with either panitumumab (pmab) or bevacizumab (bev) as second-line treatment (tx) in patients (pts) with wild-type (WT) <i>KRAS</i> metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC).
Authors: J. Randolph Hecht, Allen Lee Cohn, Shaker R. Dakhil, Mansoor N. Saleh, Bilal Piperdi, Vivian Jean M. Cline-Burkhardt, Ying Tian, William Y. Go
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

454 Background: Pmab has demonstrated significant improvement in progression-free survival (PFS) in pts with WT KRAS mCRC as 2nd-line tx in a phase III trial comparing pmab + FOLFIRI vs FOLFIRI alone. Here, we describe the results of SPIRITT, a multicenter, randomized phase II study evaluating pmab + FOLFIRI and bev + FOLFIRI in pts with WT KRAS mCRC previously treated with a 1st-line bev + oxaliplatin (Ox)-based chemotherapy regimen. Methods: Pts were randomized 1:1 to pmab 6.0 mg/kg + FOLFIRI Q2W or to bev 5.0 or 10.0 mg/kg + FOLFIRI Q2W. Eligibility criteria included: WT KRAS mCRC, ECOG ≤ 1, no prior irinotecan or anti-EGFR tx, and tx failure of prior 1st-line bev + Ox-based therapy (≥ 4 cycles). The primary endpoint was PFS; secondary endpoints included overall survival (OS), objective response rate (ORR), and safety. No formal hypothesis was tested. Results: 182 pts with WT KRAS mCRC were randomized. All pts received tx. Efficacy results are shown (table). Worst grade of 3/4 adverse events (AE) occurred in 78% of pts in the pmab + FOLFIRI arm and 65% in the bev + FOLFIRI arm. Grade 5 AEs occurred in 7% of pts in the pmab + FOLFIRI arm and 7% in the bev + FOLFIRI arm. Tx discontinuation due to any AE was 29% in the pmab + FOLFIRI arm and 25% in the bev + FOLFIRI arm. Conclusions: In this estimation study of pts with WT KRAS mCRC that previously received bev + Ox-based tx, the PFS hazard ratio (HR) was 1.01 (95% CI: 0.68 - 1.50). The OS HR was 1.06 (95% CI: 0.75 - 1.49). The observed ORR was higher in the pmab + FOLFIRI arm. 54% of bev + FOLFIRI pts received subsequent anti-EGFR tx. The safety profile for both arms was similar to previously reported studies. Tx discontinuation rates due to AEs were similar between the arms. Clinical trial information: NCT00418938. [Table: see text]
DANGEROUS SELF-DRUGGING.
Journal: JAMA (1903)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Surgery up for discussion . . . and other stories
Journal: BMJ (2017)

Thank you for your interest in spreading the word about The BMJ.NOTE: We only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. We do not capture any email address. Username * Your Email * Send To * You are going to email the following Surgery up for discussion . . . and other stories Your Personal Message CAPTCHA This question is for testing whether or not you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions.
Klondike Nosology.
Journal: JAMA (1897)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Blood lipid measurements. Variations and practical utility
Authors: G. R. Cooper
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To describe the magnitude and impact of the major biological and analytical sources of variation in serum lipid and lipoprotein levels on risk of coronary heart disease; to present a way to qualitatively estimate the total intraindividual variation; and to demonstrate how to determine the number of specimens required to estimate, with 95% confidence, the "true" underlying total cholesterol value in the serum of a patient. <h3>Data Sources.</h3> —Representative references on each source of variation were selected from more than 300 reviewed publications, most published within the past 5 years, to document current findings and concepts. Most articles reviewed were in English. <h3>Study Selections.</h3> —Studies on biological sources of variation were selected using the following criteria: representative of published findings, clear statement of either significant or insignificant results, and acquisition of clinical and laboratory data under standardized conditions. Representative results for special populations such as women and children are reported when results differ from those of adult men. <h3>Data Extraction.</h3> —References were selected based on acceptable experimental design and use of standardized laboratory lipid measurements. <h3>Data Synthesis.</h3> —The lipid levels considered representative for a selected source of variation arose from quantitative measurements by a suitably standardized laboratory. Statistical analysis of data was examined to assure reliability. The proposed method of estimating the biological coefficient of variation must be considered to give qualitative results, because only two or three serial specimens are collected in most cases for the estimation. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —Concern has arisen about the magnitude, impact, and interpretation of preanalytical as well as analytical sources of variation on reported results of lipid measurements of an individual. Preanalytical sources of variation from behavioral, clinical, and sampling sources constitute about 60% of the total variation in a reported lipid measurement of an individual. A technique is presented to allow physicians to qualitatively estimate the intraindividual biological variation of a patient from the results of two or more specimens reported from a standardized laboratory and to determine whether additional specimens are needed to meet the National Cholesterol Education Program recommendation that the intraindividual serum total cholesterol coefficient of variation not exceed 5.0. A National Reference Method Network has been established to help solve analytical problems. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1992;267:1652-1660)
Temporomandibular Disorders
Authors: Steven J. Scrivani, David A. Keith, Leonard B. Kaban
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2008)

This review discusses the most common forms of temporomandibular disorders: myofascial pain disorder, intra-articular disk derangement disorders, osteoarthritis, and rheumatoid arthritis. Current views on its pathogenesis and presentation and recommended diagnostic studies and treatment approaches are discussed.
Socioeconomic Status Is an Important Determinant of the Use of Invasive Procedures After Acute Myocardial Infarction in New York State
Authors: Edward F. Philbin, Peter A. McCullough, Thomas G. DiSalvo, G. William Dec, Paul L. Jenkins, W. Douglas Weaver
Journal: Circulation (2000)

Background —Patient and hospital characteristics influence the use of invasive cardiac procedures. Whether socioeconomic status (SES) has an influence that is independent of these other determinants is unclear. The purpose of the present study was to examine the influence of household income as a measure of SES on the use of invasive cardiac procedures among a large group of patients with acute myocardial infarction. Methods and Results —We analyzed administrative discharge data from 231 nonfederal acute care hospitals in New York State that involved 28 698 black or white inpatients with International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification code 410.XX in the principal diagnosis position between January 1 and December 31, 1995. Household income was derived from postal ZIP codes and census data. The use of cardiac catheterization, PTCA, CABG, and any revascularization procedure was examined across groups stratified by income. Patients who resided in lower-income neighborhoods were more often female or black, had a higher prevalence of coexistent illness, had a higher use of Medicaid insurance, and were less often admitted to urban hospitals or hospitals that provide on-site CABG and PTCA. Crude and adjusted odds ratios for catheterization, PTCA, CABG, and any revascularization procedure were related to income in a graded fashion. After adjustment, patients in the highest quintile of income were 22% more likely to undergo catheterization, 74% more likely to undergo PTCA, 48% more likely to undergo CABG, and 76% more likely to undergo any revascularization procedure than were patients in the lowest quintile. The difference in cardiac catheterization did not fully account for income-based differences in revascularization, because income remained a significant determinant of revascularization after accounting for whether a catheterization was performed. Even among patients treated in hospitals that provide on-site CABG and PTCA, income was a significant determinant of procedures. Conclusions —Lower-income patients hospitalized for acute myocardial infarction are more often female or black, have more coexisting illnesses, and are less often admitted to urban hospitals or hospitals that provide CABG and PTCA. Even after adjustment for these and other factors, lower income is a negative predictor of procedure use.
ATLANTIC CITY MEETINGS 1968
Authors: Pennsylvania Room, Haddon Hall, Arno Motulsky, Joseph Demis, Reactions Fellner, R Haag, R Baer, New York, P Schol- Nick, H Marver, San Francisco, Booth K8
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1968)

t The President is grateful to the Chairmen of the Sectional Programs, whose advice
ENGLISH VIEW OF DEATH FROM BOXING.
Journal: JAMA (1902)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Role of early fluid resuscitation in pediatric septic shock
Authors: J. A. Carcillo
Journal: JAMA (1991)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To examine the association of the volume of fluid administered at 1 and 6 hours after presentation, with survival and the occurrence of the adult respiratory distress syndrome, cardiogenic pulmonary edema, and persistent hypovolemia during the resuscitation of children with septic shock. <h3>Setting and Patients.</h3> —All pediatric patients with septic shock presenting to the emergency department over a 6-year period and having a pulmonary artery catheter inserted by 6 hours after presentation were identified. <h3>Methods.</h3> —Patients were analyzed together and in three groups based on fluid volume in the first hour: group 1, less than 20 mL/kg; group 2,20 to 40 mL/kg; and group 3, more than 40 mL/kg. Adult respiratory distress syndrome was diagnosed by the presence of alveolar infiltrates, hypoxemia, and a pulmonary capillary wedge pressure of 15 mm Hg or less. Cardiogenic pulmonary edema was diagnosed similarly, except the pulmonary capillary wedge pressure was greater than 15 mm Hg. Hypovolemia was diagnosed by the presence of oliguria, hypotension, and a pulmonary capillary wedge pressure of 8 mm Hg or less 6 hours after presentation. <h3>Results.</h3> —We identified 34 patients (median age, 13.5 months). At 1 and 6 hours, respectively, group 1 (n = 14) received 11 ±6 and 71 ±29 mL/kg (mean ± SD) of fluid; group 2 received 32 ±5 and 108 ±54 mL/kg of fluid; and group 3 received 69 ± 19 and 117 ± 29 mL/kg of fluid. Survival in group 3 (eight of nine patients) was significantly better than in group 1 (six of 14 patients) or group 2 (four of 11 patients). Adult respiratory distress syndrome developed in 11 patients (32%) and cardiogenic pulmonary edema developed in five patients (15%). Having adult respiratory distress syndrome was associated with increased mortality, but adult respiratory distress syndrome was not increased in any group. Similarly, cardiogenic pulmonary edema was not associated with the fluid volume received or with decreased survival. Hypovolemia occurred in six patients in group 1 and two patients in group 2; all eight subsequently died. <h3>Conclusion.</h3> —Rapid fluid resuscitation in excess of 40 mL/kg in the first hour following emergency department presentation was associated with improved survival, decreased occurrence of persistent hypovolemia, and no increase in the risk of cardiogenic pulmonary edema or adult respiratory distress syndrome in this group of Pediatric patients with septic shock. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1991;266:1242-1245)
International comparison of prevalence of resistance to antibiotics
Authors: T. F. O'Brien
Journal: JAMA (1978)

Prevalence of bacterial resistance to antibiotics was found to be substantially different in two separate regions of the world. The average percent resistant to individual antibiotics was nearly three times greater, and the percent of isolates resistant to six or more antibiotics 14 times greater among isolates at the Hôpital St Joseph in Paris than among those at the Peter Bent Brigham Hospital in Boston or at any of six US hospitals. Differences were not due to culture sampling or susceptibility testing methods used in the hospitals. Differences were nearly as great between isolates from patients recently admitted to the two hospitals, suggesting differences in the bacterial flora of their communities. Similar systematic comparisons of resistance prevalence in different parts of the world might help to define optimal antibiotic usage practices. (<i>JAMA</i>239:1518-1523, 1978)
Asking about domestic violence: SAFE questions
Authors: M. L. Ashur
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —Dr Ashur's use of the acronym SAFE as a means for guiding physician questions about the possibility of domestic violence is both helpful and appropriate. Many of these questions are very much like those we included in the American Medical Association's<i>Diagnostic and Treatment Guidelines on Domestic Violence</i>, and we like her additional questions about feelings of safety within the relationship, friends' or family members' knowledge of the abuse, and the emergency plan. Readers may be interested in knowing that there is an excellent community model designed to enhance physicians' response to domestic violence, called Project S.A.F.E. (Safety Assessment for Everyone), which is a collaborative effort of the Domestic Violence Training Project, the Connecticut Coalition Against Domestic Violence, and the Hartford County Medical Society. According to that program, the word<i>safety</i>is a key word because it summarizes the basic therapeutic issue and forms the basis for
Profile of women practicing breast self-examination
Authors: S. E. Bennett
Journal: JAMA (1983)

The monthly practice of breast self-examination (BSE) can result in the early diagnosis of breast cancer. To explore factors that influence women's habits in the practice of BSE, we interviewed 616 women using an interactive computer program. We found that these women were more likely to practice BSE on a frequent basis if they were living with their sexual partner, had been shown how to perform BSE, and were confident in their examination technique. Women with a maternal history of breast disease were also more likely to practice monthly BSE. Unlike past reports that women with formal education beyond high school practice BSE more frequently than lesseducated women, our study showed no association between monthly BSE practice and formal education. Contrary to our hypothesis that BSE practice was associated with the practice of other preventive health activities, our study did not demonstrate such a relationship. These findings suggest that demonstrating BSE at the periodic health examination may help increase the number of women practicing BSE on a frequent basis. (<i>JAMA</i>1983;249:488-491)
Minerva
Authors: KM Khashia, H Greenland
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Minerva heard about a 29 year old woman who presented to an orthopaedic clinic with an injured left foot.The injury was sustained when she jumped off the ground during an interactive game on a Sony PlayStation 2 Dance Mat.She had marked bruising and swelling, and x rays showed a minimally displaced fracture of the base of the fifth metatarsal.When Sony released the Dance Mat, it was part of a strategy to get couch potatoes on to their feet.This patient is now set for four to six weeks of immobility.
A Phase 1/2 Trial of Pomalidomide, Dexamethasone and Pegylated Liposomal Doxorubicin for Patients with Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma
Authors: James R. Berenson, Laura V. Stampleman, Alberto Bessudo, Peter J. Rosen, Leonard M Klein, Thomas Woliver, Marshall S. Flam, Shahrooz Eshaghian, Youram Nassir, Regina A. Swift, Robert Vescio
Journal: Blood (2014)
Renal Radiation
Authors: A. C. Corcoran
Journal: JAMA (1961)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Drs. Mathes and Mayer (<i>JAMA</i><b>177</b>:10-13 [July 8] 1961) suggest "cobalt radiation before... nephrectomy" as a "conservative" measure in essential hematuria. Renal radiation seems risky. In man, "acute radiation nephritis" (De Wardener, H. E.:<i>Kidney</i>, Boston: Little, Brown &amp; Company, 1958), is not infrequent and has been reviewed elsewhere (Luxton, R. W.,<i>Quart J Med</i><b>22</b>:215-242 [April] 1953; Wilson, C., et al.<i>Lancet</i><b>1</b>:9-16 [Jan. 4] 1958). Dog kidneys show early impairment of specific functions (Klapproth, H. J., et al.,<i>Lancet</i><b>2</b>:161-162 [Aug. 22] 1959) that are under study. Dr. F. K. Mostofi (personal communication, 1961) finds lesions 3 months after exposure of dog kidneys to 2,500 r. Rats develop delayed hypertension and excretory failure (Wilson, et al.,<i>supra</i>): their kidneys rapidly lose phosphatase (Asscher, A. W. and S. G. Anson,<i>Lancet</i><b>1</b>:1109-1110 [May 21] 1960) and rats develop hypertension<i>before</i>the
American Journal of Therapeutics
Authors: William W. McCloskey
Journal: JAMA (1996)

The<i>American Journal of Therapeutics</i>announces its scope as "providing a systematic approach to covering new advances in therapeutics, as well as considering issues in clinical pharmacology, drug development, methodology of drug evaluation or comparative aspects of pharmaceutical evaluation within a given class." The journal also aims to place advances in pharmacotherapy into "clinical perspective" and frame these advances in a "pharmacoeconomic context." Based upon the seven issues reviewed, the journal has yet to achieve its desired goals. The editors claim to feature original articles on therapeutics with section reviews on topics such as regulatory affairs. In contrast, most of the original work published to date addresses bioavailability or pharmacokinetic studies with minimal attention to pharmacoeconomics. While the overall quality of the studies can be considered satisfactory, we
Thyroid disease
Authors: M. N. Maisey, I. Fogelman
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1991)

The prevalence of diseases of the thyroid is high although not always diagnosed clinically. In a population study of north-east England, Tunbridge et al. (1977) reported that the prevalence of hyperthyroidism in adult females was 1.9–2.7%, of overt hypothyroidism 1.4–1.9%, of subclinical hypothyroidism 7.5% and of non-toxic goitres 8.6%. The prevalence of each condition, however, was much lower in males. In 1956 Permlulter and Slater estimated that 4–12% of the population of the USA had palpable thyroid nodules of which 2–5% were probably malignant.