tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Acellular pertussis vaccine scores high in trial
Authors: C. Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1995)

A UNIQUE monovalent acellular pertussis vaccine composed only of detoxified pertussis toxin (toxoid) has passed its first efficacy field trial with flying colors. In a study involving nearly 3500 children, the vaccine, which had earlier undergone smaller safety and efficacy studies (<i>JAMA</i>. 1992;268:958-959), was shown to be more than 70% effective and elicited no serious adverse effects. The trial was randomized, double blind, and placebo controlled. It was conducted in Göteborg, Sweden, under the supervision of Birger Trollfors, MD, and John Taranger, MD, both of whom are professors of pediatrics at the University of Göteborg. Taranger reported the latest findings at the 95th meeting of the American Society for Microbiology, held in Washington, DC. "In the vaccinated children who did acquire pertussis, the disease was less severe and lasted for a shorter period than among nonvaccinated controls," he said. <h3>First Field Trial Results</h3> This study marks the first results in
Reply:
Authors: Shruti Mehta, David Thomas, Mark Sulkowski
Journal: Hepatology (2005)

One of the most important questions in HIV/hepatitis C virus (HCV)–coinfected patients is the relationship between exposure to antiretroviral therapy (ART) and liver fibrosis. Individual instances of ART-related liver toxicity are well documented, and liver enzyme levels increase to more than 5 times the upper limit of normal in approximately 10% of persons starting new ART.1 However, in some studies, HIV/HCV–coinfected persons taking ART actually had less liver disease.2, 3 As the letter from Macias and colleagues indicates, there are similarities and differences between the results of our studies and others.2-4 In a cohort of 210 HIV/HCV–coinfected persons, we failed to detect less or more liver fibrosis among persons treated with effective ART.5 This finding contrasts with the results of two other studies that suggested ART use might reduce liver fibrosis.2, 3 On the other hand, we did observe that longer and more effective ART was associated with decreased necroinflammatory activity. Because greater necroinflammatory activity was associated with more severe fibrosis in this study, it is possible that a link between ART and fibrosis will manifest itself as individuals have longer exposure to ART. Another difference is that Macias and colleagues observed more advanced fibrosis among those receiving nevirapine, but we failed to detect an association between any specific drug and fibrosis.4 Why the differences? The study populations themselves are different in ways that could affect the findings, because it is impossible to completely account for the multiple confounding factors such as alcohol use, duration of HCV infection, and ART. In these relatively small cross-sectional studies, these types of exposures are difficult to measure accurately. In addition, studies typically only measure these factors at one point in time, which is insufficient to fully account for the variability of these changing exposures. Whereas the differences between studies remain unresolved, the evidence collectively suggests that ART does not adversely affect liver fibrosis among most HIV/HCV–coinfected patients. Prospective studies with longer follow-up are needed to infer causality from the suggested associations. Shruti Mehta*, David Thomas*, Mark Sulkowski*, * Johns Hopkins Schools of Public Health and Medicine, Baltimore, MD
Ultraradical surgery and heated intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) as multimodal treatment of advanced colorectal cancer.
Authors: S. Nikolic, M. Zegarac, M. Buta, A. Martinovic, I. Djurisic
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

e14157 Background: We examined if agressive surgical treatment in combination with HIPEC (oxaliplatin) could increase median survial in patients with advanced stage of colorectal cancer. Methods: Ultraradical surgery and HIPEC was applied in patients who were initialy with peritoneal carcinomatosis or infiltration in around organs. We evaluated the patients during the period 2000-2009 in this retrospective study. Results: During 2000 and 2009 we peformed 90 ultraradical surgical procedures which in considered: histerectomy, bilateral adnexectomy and en block resection of rectosygmoid colon, total omentectomy, total peritenectomy, partial peritonectomy, splenectomy, liver resection. All patients were treated with HIPEC (40C) using oxaliplatin (410mg/m2) in 3l of perfusat during 90 minutes. The average duration of the procedure was 5h 57 minutes. The follow up period was 9 years. One-year survival rate was 81.25% and three year survival rate was 56.25%. Conclusions: Ultraradical surgery combined with HIPEC prolongs patient's survival and is considered to be a safe procedure if performed by the experience team of oncological surgeons.
Selected Abstracts
Journal: JAMA (1972)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Recent Innovations, Modifications, and Evolution of ACC/AHA Clinical Practice Guidelines: An Update for Our Constituencies: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines
Authors: Glenn N. Levine, Patrick T. O’Gara, Joshua A. Beckman, Sana M. Al-Khatib, Kim K. Birtcher, Joaquin E. Cigarroa, Lisa de las Fuentes, Anita Deswal, Lee A. Fleisher, Federico Gentile, Zachary D. Goldberger, Mark A. Hlatky, José A. Joglar, Mariann R. Piano, Duminda N. Wijeysundera
Journal: Circulation (2019)
Sepsis, sepsis syndrome, and the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). Gulliver in Laputa
Authors: R. C. Bone
Journal: JAMA (1995)

Jonathan Swift's<i>Guillver's Travels</i>, published in 1726, recounts the fictional adventures of Lemuel Gulliver, a ship's surgeon. Gulliver's most famous adventures are in Lilliput, the land of the little people, in Brobdingnag, the land of the giants, and in Houyhnhnm, the land of the horses. Less quoted is his adventure in Laputa where Gulliver, finding that science is out of control and not improving the lives of the citizens, condemns science. Current exploits in clinical trials regarding sepsis tempt the observer, like Gulliver, to condemn science, since intervention trials have found no benefit from anti-inflammatory therapies. However, out of apparent chaos often appears order: from these studies, our understanding of sepsis, sepsis syndrome, and the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) is gradually increasing. See also p 117. In this issue of<sup>The Journal</sup>, Rangel-Frausto et al<sup>1</sup>provide a prospective validation of SIRS. They show that a diagnosis of SIRS
Circulation, New York
Journal: JAMA (1962)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Fractures.
Journal: JAMA (1933)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Conflicts of Interest Omitted
Authors: Richard Hoehn
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2016)

Bryanna Emr, MD; Louis A. Gatto, PhD; Shreyas Roy, MD; Joshua Satalin, BS; Auyon Ghosh, BS; Kathy Snyder, BS; Penny Andrews, RN; Nader Habashi, MD; William Marx, DO; Lin Ge, PhD; Guirong Wang, PhD; David A. Dean, PhD; Yoram Vodovotz, PhD; Gary Nieman, BA
A Decade of Progress in Eugenics. Scientific Papers of the Third International Congress of Eugenics Held at American Museum of Natural History, New York, August 21-23, 1932
Journal: JAMA (1935)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Pyrethrum.
Authors: G. R. Plummer
Journal: JAMA (1897)

Key West, Fla., Sept. 20, 1897. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Will some reader of theJournalhaving the facilities, administer to dogs, etc., different doses of insect powder and report results? Through an accident to a child it was found to possess probably anthelmintic properties, and I would like to gain some idea of its dosage for<i>homo sapiens</i>, from trials on the lower animals. Insect powder consists of the flowers of Pyrethrum carneum and P. roseum, indigenous to the Caucasian Mountains, but now extensively cultivated in California. It is frequently adulterated and I would ask whoever undertakes this investigation to get a perfectly pure article. The fumes of the burning powder are not poisonous to man, though it causes some confusion of the head in those who sleep in closed rooms where it is used, and the writer has seen in the case of a man sleeping in an apartment
"Disprin" Tablets
Authors: E. H. Hall
Journal: BMJ (1950)

<h3>Abstract</h3> Mechanism-based mathematical models are the foundation for diverse applications. It is often critical to explore the massive parametric space for each model. However, for many applications, such as agent-based models, partial differential equations, and stochastic differential equations, this practice can impose a prohibitive computational demand. To overcome this limitation, we present a fundamentally new framework to improve computational efficiency by orders of magnitude. The key concept is to train an artificial neural network using a limited number of simulations generated by a mechanistic model. This number is small enough such that the simulations can be completed in a short time frame but large enough to enable reliable training of the neural network. The trained neural network can then be used to explore the system dynamics of a much larger parametric space. We demonstrate this notion by training neural networks to predict self-organized pattern formation and stochastic gene expression. With this framework, we can predict not only the 1-D distribution in space (for partial differential equation models) and probability density function (for stochastic differential equation models) of variables of interest with high accuracy, but also novel system dynamics not present in the training sets. We further demonstrate that using an ensemble of neural networks enables the self-contained evaluation of the quality of each prediction. Our work can potentially be a platform for faster parametric space screening of biological models with user defined objectives.
Abuse of mentally handicapped adults.
Authors: L. B. Cooke
Journal: BMJ (1989)

<h3>Objective</h3> Mutations in cell-free circulating DNA (cfDNA) have been studied for tracking disease relapse in colorectal cancer (CRC). This approach requires personalised assay design due to the lack of universally mutated genes. In contrast, early methylation alterations are restricted to defined genomic loci allowing comprehensive assay design for population studies. Our objective was to identify cancer-specific methylated biomarkers which could be measured longitudinally in cfDNA (liquid biopsy) to monitor therapeutic outcome in patients with metastatic CRC (mCRC). <h3>Design</h3> Genome-wide methylation microarrays of CRC cell lines (n=149) identified five cancer-specific methylated loci (<i>EYA4</i>, <i>GRIA4</i>, <i>ITGA4</i>, <i>MAP3K14-AS1, MSC</i>). Digital PCR assays were employed to measure methylation of these genes in tumour tissue DNA (n=82) and cfDNA from patients with mCRC (n=182). Plasma longitudinal assessment was performed in a patient subset treated with chemotherapy or targeted therapy. <h3>Results</h3> Methylation in at least one marker was detected in all tumour tissue samples and in 156 mCRC patient cfDNA samples (85.7%). Plasma marker prevalence was 71.4% for <i>EYA4</i>, 68.5% for <i>GRIA4</i>, 69.7% for <i>ITGA4</i>, 69.1% for <i>MAP3K14-AS1%</i> and 65.1% for <i>MSC</i>. Dynamics of methylation markers was not affected by treatment type and correlated with objective tumour response and progression-free survival. <h3>Conclusion</h3> This five-gene methylation panel can be used to circumvent the absence of patient-specific mutations for monitoring tumour burden dynamics in liquid biopsy under different therapeutic regimens. This method might be proposed for assessing pharmacodynamics in clinical trials or when conventional imaging has limitations.
Antiadipogenic Effects of the Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonist Drospirenone: Potential Implications for the Treatment of Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Massimiliano Caprio, Antonella Antelmi, Gérard Chetrite, Adeline Muscat, Caterina Mammi, Vincenzo Marzolla, Andrea Fabbri, Maria-Christina Zennaro, Bruno Fève
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (2010)

The mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) mediates aldosterone- and glucocorticoid-induced adipocyte differentiation. Drospirenone (DRSP) is a potent synthetic antimineralocorticoid with progestogenic and antiandrogenic properties, which is widely used for contraception and hormone replacement therapy. We investigated its potential role on adipocyte differentiation. The effects of DRSP were studied in murine preadipocyte cell lines and primary cultures of human preadipocytes. Differentiation markers and mechanisms underlying phenotypic variations in response to DRSP were explored. Early exposure to DRSP during differentiation led to a marked dose-dependent inhibition of adipose differentiation and triglyceride accumulation in 3T3-L1 and 3T3-F442A cells. DRSP also markedly inhibited adipose conversion of human primary preadipocytes derived from visceral (mesenteric and epicardial) and subcutaneous fat. This effect was MR-dependent and did not involve the glucocorticoid, androgen, or progesterone receptors. DRSP inhibited clonal expansion of pre-adipocytes and decreased expression of PPARγ, a key transcriptional mediator of adipogenesis, but had no effect on lipolysis, glucose uptake, and PPARγ binding to its ligands. DRSP exerts a potent antiadipogenic effect that is related to an alteration of the transcriptional control of adipogenesis via an antagonistic effect on the MR. Selective MR blockade therefore has promise as a novel therapeutic option for the control of excessive adipose tissue deposition and its related metabolic complications.
Consequences of queuing for care at a public hospital emergency department
Authors: A. B. Bindman
Journal: JAMA (1991)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To determine whether the length of a queue at a public hospital emergency department was associated with increased likelihood of patients' leaving without being seen by a physician and whether leaving adversely affected patients' health or affected their subsequent use of health care services. <h3>Design.</h3> —Observational cohort. Patients were surveyed during 1 week in July 1990 and received a follow-up survey 7 to 14 days later. The responses of patients who left without being seen by a physician were compared with those who were seen by a physician. <h3>Setting.</h3> —Emergency department at San Francisco (Calif) General Hospital. <h3>Patients.</h3> —All English-, Spanish-, and Cantonese-speaking adults waiting for emergency care were eligible. Of 882 eligible individuals, 700 agreed to participate; 85% of enrolled subjects saw a physician and 15% left without being seen. Demographic characteristics of patients who were and who were not seen were not significantly different. <h3>Main Outcome Measures.</h3> —Emergency department waiting time and changes in patients' self-reported health. <h3>Results.</h3> —Patients were more likely to leave as waiting times increased. At follow-up, patients who left without being seen were twice as likely as those who were seen to report that their pain or the seriousness of their problem was worse. Only 4% of patients who left required subsequent hospitalization, but 27% returned to an emergency department. <h3>Conclusion.</h3> —Many patients can appropriately decide whether their problem is truly urgent and make alternative plans in the face of long waits, but the health of some patients may be jeopardized by long queues for emergency care. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1991;266:1091-1096)
WASHINGTON NEWS
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The pregnancy and fertility (PREFER) study: A prospective cohort study on fertility-preserving (FP) strategies in young early breast cancer (EBC) patients (pts)
Authors: C. Dellepiane, M. Lambertini, V. Fontana, F. Poggio, E. Blondeaux, B. Conte, A. D'Alonzo, M. Vaglica, C. Bighin, G. Iacono, A. Abate, S. Pastorino, M.C. Pescio, P. Anserini, L. Del Mastro
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2017)
Hytrast Not for Enema Exam
Journal: JAMA (1976)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal