tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Medical Microbiology
Authors: David R. Haburchak
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Doxorubicin Followed by Cyclophosphamide, Methotrexate, and Fluorouracil for Breast Cancer
Authors: Richard A. Michaelson
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Although I applaud the attempt of Dr Bonadonna and colleagues<sup>1</sup>to improve treatment results in women with breast cancer involving more than three axillary nodes, I believe for several reasons that the data presented in their article do not yet justify the acceptance of the sequential regimen (four courses of doxorubicin hydrochloride followed by eight courses of cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and fluorouracil [CMF]) as standard therapy for women in this category. First, although the authors demonstrate that sequential treatment is superior to alternating treatment, they do not address the possibility, raised by others, that alternating therapy for breast cancer may actually be less effective than more standard continuous regimens.<sup>2</sup>Thus, although sequential treatment is better than alternating treatment, it may not be any better than standard continuous treatments. Second, the authors believe that the results of their treatment are superior to those reported in other series
" THE VIRCHOW-BEHRING FEUD."
Journal: JAMA (1894)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Molecular Determinants of Metastatic Transformation
Authors: Sean E. Egan, Jim A. Wright, Arnold H. Greenberg
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1991)

In recent years, experimental systems have developed to analyze genetic and epigenetic regulation of the metastatic phenotype. Numerous studies have uncovered a potent role for transforming oncogenes in metastatic conversion. In addition, it has been shown that oncoprotein products operate in a dose-dependent fashion. The continued expression of oncoproteins is required to induce and regulate metastatic dissemination of tumor cells and, consequently, many of the signal transduction pathways that are controlled by the oncogene products can regulate metastasis. Exogenous growth factors that act through these same pathways also alter metastatic potential. Some primary and immortalized cells can be transformed by oncogenes but remain completely benign and nonmetastatic. Malignant transformation can be achieved in these cells through the cooperative interaction of specific oncogenes or loss of active suppression regulated by recessive genetic determinants. Therefore, it is likely that tumor cells acquire the metastatic phenotype through the cooperative interaction of dominant and recessive genetic alterations. This model is consistent with the correlative data accumulating in studies of human tumor specimens where more malignant carcinomas often contain both activating mutations in oncogenes and either inactivating mutations or loss of tumor-suppressor genes.
Any Questions? A Selection of Questions and Answers Published in the British Medical Journal. First Series
Journal: JAMA (1952)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract MP75: Glycemia (Hemoglobin A1c) is Not Related to Incident Venous Thromboembolism in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study
Authors: Elizabeth J Bell, Pamela L Lutsey, Vijay Nambi, Mary Cushman, Elizabeth Selvin, Aaron R Folsom, Elizabeth Selvin
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Introduction— Diabetes has been inconsistently associated with increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). Glycemia is positively associated with coagulation activation and hypofibrinolysis, resulting in a procoagulant state. However, there is little direct evidence on associations of glycemia with VTE. Hypothesis— Glycemia, as measured by hemoglobin A 1c (A 1c ), is positively associated with incident VTE over a follow-up period of 15 years. Methods— The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study is a population-based cohort study of middle-aged adults followed for 15 years after visit 2, when A 1c was measured. Because A 1c is affected by treatment in diagnosed diabetics, separate analyses were conducted for individuals with diagnosed diabetes. Diagnosed diabetes was defined as taking diabetes medication or a history of diabetes (self-report). We assessed the relation between A 1c and incident VTE during follow-up using Cox proportional hazards models, controlling for potential confounders: age, sex, race, smoking status and amount, hormone use, body mass index, and waist-to-hip ratio. Results— The cohort free of VTE and/or anticoagulant use in 1990-1992 included 11,976 participants without a diagnosis of diabetes (317 VTE events) and 1,040 participants with a diagnosis of diabetes (45 VTE events). As shown in the figure, the adjusted hazard ratio estimates, using participants with an A 1c &lt; 5.70 % and without diagnosed diabetes as the referent, were close to 1, regardless of A 1c level and diabetes diagnosis status. Further, there was no relation in analyses conducted by VTE type (provoked and unprovoked) or in participants with diabetes (both diagnosed and undiagnosed) relative to those without diabetes. Conclusions— In conclusion, although a modest association cannot be ruled out, our findings do not support an association between A 1c and VTE.
DERMABRASION
Authors: Saul Blau
Journal: JAMA (1960)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> I would like to answer the questions and objections of Cannon, De Kleine, and Truman (<i>J. A. M. A.</i><b>173</b>:573 [June 4] 1960) concerning the article of Rattner and Lazar (<i>J. A. M. A.</i><b>171</b>:2326 [Dec. 26] 1959). A complete history of abrasive and other treatments for acne pits and related blemishes has already been published by Blau and Rein (<i>A. M. A. Arch. Derm. &amp; Syph.</i><b>70</b>:754 [Dec.] 1954). We took great pains with priorities in this paper. Especially stressed were the contributions of Iverson (1947), who first used sandpaper on traumatic tattoos; McEvitt (1948), who first used sandpaper on acne pits; and Kurtin (1952), who used spray anesthesia and wire brush. Direct quotations were taken from three plastic surgeons, Iverson, Mc-Evitt, and Blackledge (1953), because they were enthusiastic about abrasive surgery, realized that an aggressive approach was necessary, and yet felt that
Pathogenesis of CLL: the view from the lymph node
Authors: Adrian Wiestner
Journal: HemaSphere (2018)

Hematology Branch, NHLBI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA This is an open access Abstract Book distributed under the Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs (CCBY-NC-ND), which allows third parties to download the abstracts and share them with others as long as they credit the author and the abstract book, but they cannot change the content in any way or use them commercially. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Home parenteral nutrition
Authors: S. Grundfest
Journal: JAMA (1980)

HOME parenteral nutrition (HPN) has revolutionized the treatment of formally fatal intestinal problems in much the same way that renal dialysis has affected the outlook for patients with chronic renal failure. Until recently, patients with severe malabsorption syndromes or massive small-bowel resections occasioned by vascular accidents, inflammatory bowel disease, or radiation enteritis were doomed to repeated hospitalizations or even death from dehydration, electrolyte abnormalities, and malnutrition. Now such patients may be able to resume a normal nutritional status and a nearly normal life-style. The idea of providing enough nutritional support by the intravenous (IV) route to achieve positive nitrogen balance should probably be credited to Elman,<sup>1</sup>who in 1948 reported decreased postoperative morbidity in patients given dextrose and protein hydrolysates via peripheral veins. In 1952, Aubaniac<sup>2</sup>described the technique of percutaneous subclavian venipuncture; however, it remained for Dudrick and colleagues<sup>3</sup>to prove that hypertonic solutions of dextrose,
Marihuana psychosis. Acute toxic psychosis associated with the use of Cannabis derivatives
Authors: J. A. Talbott
Journal: JAMA (1969)

A clinical syndrome of acute psychosis associated with<i>Cannabis</i>derivatives and environmental stress has been observed in 12 soldiers seen in Vietnam. Each case was characteristic of acute toxic psychosis with organic features and ten cases had paranoid features as well. Factors unique to Vietnam and combat situations seem pertinent; treatment was conservative and supportive.
<i>QuickStats</i>: Percentage* of Children and Adolescents Aged ≤17 Years Whose Usual Place of Sick Care is a Clinic or Health Center,† by Race/Ethnicity§ and Metropolitan Status of Residence¶ — National Health Interview Survey, United States, 2014**
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2016)

Department of Health and Human Services/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention * Percentage with 95% confidence intervals indicated with error bars.† Usual place of sick care at a clinic or health center was based on the answer "yes" to the question, "Is there a place that the child goes when he or she is sick or you need advice about his or her health?"and the answer "clinic or health center" to the question, "What kind of place (does your child go to most often): a clinic, doctor's office, emergency room, or some other place?"Children without a usual place of sick care were excluded from the analysis.§ Persons of Hispanic ethnicity may be of any race or combination of races.¶ Based on the household residence location.Large metropolitan is a large metropolitan statistical area (MSA) of ≥1 million persons, small metropolitan is a small MSA of <1 million persons, and nonmetropolitan is not in an MSA.** Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian, noninstitutionalized U.S. population and are derived from the National Health Interview Survey sample child component.
Labyrinthine Hydrops
Authors: Herbert B. Goldman
Journal: JAMA (1961)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Dr. Julius Winston's reply inThe Journal, Jan. 21, page 268, and his reference to my work (<i>Ann Otol</i><b>67</b>:185, 1958), needs some clarification. Undoubtedly there have been cases that have responded to individual steroids; but in our series of cases, my colleagues and I purposely avoided cortisone and any of its derivatives, since these, to be effective, must be given in doses above physiologic levels. We have used the whole adrenal cortex extract, which has about 1 mg. of cortisonelike activity per 10 cc. of aqueous solution. This is about 10% of the normal production of cortisone by a healthy adrenal cortex in 24 hours. Our results have been postulated on the interaction of the approximately 32 hormones included in the adrenal cortex extract and not simply on one individual hormone. In contradistinction to the possibly deleterious and temporary results obtained when cortisone products are
The Care of Tuberculosis. A Treatise for Nurses, Public Health Workers, and All Those Who are Interested in the Care of the Tuberculous.
Journal: JAMA (1924)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Errors in Statistical Programming
Authors: Douglas Johnson, Fei Ye, Anna Dewan
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2019)

Natalie J. Engmann, MSc; Marzieh K. Golmakani, MS; Diana L. Miglioretti, PhD; Brian L. Sprague, PhD; Karla Kerlikowske, MD; for the Breast Cancer Surveillance Consortium
Abstract 15: Targeting vismodegib-resistant medulloblastoma using novel hedgehog pathway inhibitor and miR-29b mimic
Authors: Virender Kumar, Bharti Sethi, Vinod Kumar, Timothy R. Mcguire, Don W. Coulter, Ram I. Mahato
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract The purpose of this study to develop targeted liposomes of MDB5 and miR-29b combination for medulloblastoma (MB) treatment. Due to high heterogeneity and diverse genetic make-up, MB treatment is a challenge. Aberrant activation of hedgehog (Hh) pathway regulates cell growth, cancer stem cell (CSC) proliferation, and tumorigenicity in sonic Hh subgroup of MB. Further, Hh signaling regulates yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) and glutaminolysis for energy need of tumor cells. GDC-0449 a smoothened receptors (SMO) antagonist treats (SHH)-MB initially, but resistance develops after repeated administration. Cholesterol potentiates Hh pathway independent of SHH by binding directly to the SMO. On the other hand, our RNA-seq and miRNA profiling confirmed downregulation of tumor suppressor miR-29b-3p in human MB samples. miR-29b control genes of apoptosis; p53, MDM2, AKT2, and cholesterol biosynthesis including HMGCR and SREBP1. We recently synthesized a potent GDC-0449 analog MDB5 (SMO inhibitors), which binds strongly to various Smo-mutants compared to GDC-0449. We found that a combination of MDB5 and miR-29b can treat MB synergistically. When we modified miR-29b backbone with 2-O’-methoxyethyl phosphorothioate (OMe-PS-miR-29b-3p), it showed enhanced stability in 50% serum. We designed a cationic lipid MDC2 for liposomal delivery of MDB5 and miR-29b1 simultaneously. Liposomes were prepared using film hydration technique and characterized for particle size and zeta potential, drug loading and release profile, miRNA complexation, stability, and transfection efficiency. These liposomes incorporated 88% MDB5 when the drug to phospholipid molar ratio was kept at 5%. Complete complexation was observed at N/P ratio of 3:1. These liposomes when loaded with green fluorescent protein (GFP) siRNA, resulted in 70% of signal silencing into DAOY MB cells (Shh driven). Liposomal MDB5 had higher cytotoxicity in DAOY cells compared to GDC-0449. Further, MDB5 and OMe-PS-miR-29b loaded liposomes resulted in higher, cytotoxicity and % of apoptosis, G0-G1 phase arrest, and decreased target gene expression in DAOY cells. Combination of drugs to simultaneously target multiple pathways related to Hh, glutaminolysis, cholesterol biosynthesis, and apoptosis has the potential to treat MB. Successful completion of this study will provide a nanomedicine for treating SHH-MB and other brain tumors. Citation Format: Virender Kumar, Bharti Sethi, Vinod Kumar, Timothy R. Mcguire, Don W. Coulter, Ram I. Mahato. Targeting vismodegib-resistant medulloblastoma using novel hedgehog pathway inhibitor and miR-29b mimic [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 15.
Leads from the MMWR. Adolescent sex offenders--Vermont, 1984
Journal: JAMA (1986)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Superannuation.
Journal: BMJ (1966)

porphyria,'7 in which more than one cell system appears to be implicated.The pathogenesis of the lesions of the nervous system in acute intermittent porphyria is not yet fully understood.Porphobilinogen, 8-aminolaevulic acid, and the porphyrins do not seem to exert any such direct pharmacological action.The necropsy study by Tschudy's group" also revealed a histological lesion in the hypothalamus apparently associated with inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone, a disturbance which occurs in some but not all cases of acute intermittent porphyria.Much remains obscure, but the establishment of a genetically determined error leading to faulty repression of a key enzyme in the porphyrin biosynthetic pathway affords a land- mark in the understanding of this baffling but remarkable disease.
Wording Error in Fifth Paragraph
Authors: Nariman Sepehrvand, Wendimagegn Alemayehu, Justin Ezekowitz
Journal: JAMA Cardiology (2020)

In Reply We thank Fernandes et al for their interest in our study 1 and agree that this field requires further exploration.Explanatory trials are primed to maximize the likelihood of finding efficacy of an intervention by testing it in an ideal setting, whereas pragmatic trials aim to test effectiveness of an intervention in a more generalizable setting.Hence, they are expected to generate more generalizable results, with the risk understood that there may be more variation in less tightly controlled environments, which may result in differing results.In our study, 1 380 of 616 randomized clinical trials (61.7%) were positive for the primary end point, 56 (9.1%) were neutral for the primary end point but positive for at least one secondary end point, and 180 (29.2%) were neutral for both the primary and secondary end points.The proportion of trials with positive results was fairly stable over time, with 113 of 172 (65.7%), 104 of 168 (61.9%), 76 of 137 (55.5%), and 87 of 139 (62.6%) in 2000, 2005, 2010, and 2015, respectively.Compared with trials with neutral findings, randomized clinical trials that were positive for the primary end point had lower mean [SD] Pragmatic Explanatory Continuum Index Summary (PRECIS)-2 scores (3.17 [0.70] vs 3.42 [0.66]; P < .001);however, the Cohen d effect size of 0.36 denotes a small difference in the level of pragmatism between trials with positive and neutral findings. 1However, we would caution against the interpretation that the level of pragmatism is the root cause for the neutral results in these trials.Many other factors can play a role in the neutral findings, including the lack of an actual effect, the type of question being addressed, operational considerations, and patient or health system factors, among others.This is analogous to the considerations to trials using surrogate end points (eg, biomarkers), as trials with surrogate markers often yield positive results compared with trials that are focused on clinical end points. 2Pragmatic trials complement explanatory trials, as the intent is different, and we need to be comfortable that not all interventions work as hypothesized.