tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Induction of interleukin-6 by interferon alfa and its abrogation by a serine protease inhibitor in patients with chronic hepatitis C
Authors: N Ito, S Kawata, S Tamura, S Kiso, H Tsushima, Y Maeda, E Yamasaki, T Igura, Y Matsuzawa
Journal: Hepatology (1996)

We investigated short-term alterations in plasma interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) levels induced by interferon alfa (IFN-α) injection in 18 patients with chronic hepatitis C. A single intramuscular injection of human recombinant IFN-α 2a (6 million units [MU]) significantly increased the plasma IL-6 level 6 hours after the injection ( P &lt; .05). On the other hand, the IFN-α injection did not affect the plasma TNF-α and IL-lβ levels. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis showed accumulation of IL-6 gene transcripts in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) after IFN-α injection, indicating that IFN-α enhances IL-6 production at the messenger RNA level. The induction of IL-6 by IFN-α was completely suppressed by the intravenous administration of gabexate mesilate (GM), a serine protease inhibitor. The mechanism whereby GM suppresses the elevation in circulating IL-6 levels seems to be the inhibition of IL-6 production at the messenger RNA level. Elevations of both serum C-reactive protein (CRP) levels and body temperature after GM-suppressed IFN-α injection suggest that the administration of GM by suppressing IL-6 production, may attenuate the IL-6-related responses induced by IFN-α injection. In conclusion, we found that IL-6 was induced by IFN-α in vivo, and that this induction was completely abrogated by the administration of GM. Our results indicate that serine protease inhibitors may be useful for inhibiting IL-6-relating responses.
THE PSYCHOLOGY OF CHESS.
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Degradation, Metabolism and Toxicity of Synthetic Pyrethroids
Authors: Junshi Miyamoto
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1976)

Synthetic pyrethroidal compounds undergo biodegradation in mammals both oxidatively and hydrolytically, and depending on the type of compound, either of the pathways may predominate. Thus, (+) - or (+/-) -trans isomers of the chrysanthemumate ester of primary alcohols such as fenothrin, furamethrin, proparthrin, resmethrin, and tetramethrin (and possibly permethrin, too) are metabolized mainly through hydrolysis of the ester linkage, with subsequent oxidation and/or conjugation of the component alcohol and acid moieties. On the other hand, the corresponding (+)-cis enantiometers and chrysanthemumate of secondary alcohols like allethrin are resistant to hydrolytic attack, and biodegraded via oxidation at various sites of the molecule. These rapid metabolic degradations, together with the presumable incomplete absorption from the gastrointestinal tract, would generally contribute to the low acute toxicity of synthetic pyrethroids. These compounds are neither skin irritants nor skin sensitizers, and inhalation toxicity as well as dermal toxicity are fairly low. Neither is teratogenic in rats, mice, and/or rabbits or mutagenic on various bacterial strains. Subacute and chronic feeding of higher amounts of the compounds to rats invariably causes some histopathological changes in liver; however, these are neither indicative nor suggestive of tumorigenicity. Based on existing toxicological information, the present recommended use patterns might afford sufficient safety margin on human population. However, in extending usage to agricultural pest control, much more extensive investigations should be forthcoming from both chemical and biological aspects, since there is scant information on the fate of these pyrethroids in the environment. Also several of the compounds may be very toxic to certain kinds of fish and arthropods.
Problems of Consciousness: Transactions of the Second Conference, March 19-20, 1951, New York, N. Y.
Journal: JAMA (1952)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Immunologic aspects of granulomatous and interstitial lung diseases
Authors: C. E. Reed
Journal: JAMA (1982)

HYPERSENSITIVITY pneumonitis, also known as extrinsic allergic alveolitis, is a hypersensitivity reaction involving the lung interstitium and terminal bronchioles due to hypersensitivity to antigenic organic dusts. These dusts are most often encountered in occupations or hobbies (see Table 11-1). <h3>HYPERSENSITIVITY PNEUMONITIS—EXTRINSIC ALLERGIC PNEUMONITIS</h3><h3>Prevalence and Etiology</h3> The true prevalence of the disease is unknown. Farmer's lung, pigeon breeder's disease, and disease from contaminated air-conditioning systems are most frequently encountered in the United States. About 8% of dairy farmers have serum precipitins to thermophilic organisms and about 4% have farmer's lung. About 6% to 10% of persons who raise pigeons for a hobby become ill. In some industries up to 10% of exposed individuals have been affected by contaminated air conditioners. Since not everyone exposed equally to these dusts manifests the disease, there are obviously host factors that predispose to this illness, but these have not been defined. <h3>Symptoms and Signs</h3>
Contents
Authors: K Deterding, B Tegtmeyer, M Cornberg, J Hadem, A Potthoff, K Bo ¨ker, H Tillmann, M Manns, H Wedemeyer, M Persico, M Capasso, E Persico, M Masarone, A De, M Neef, M Ledermann, H Saegesser, V Schneider, J Reichen
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2006)
Seventh International Symposium of the World Association of Veterinary Microbiologists, Immunoloqists, and Specialists in Infectious Diseases
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1982)

Seventh International Symposium of the World Association of Veterinary Microbiologists, Immunoloqists, and Specialists in Infectious Diseases Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 68, Issue 5, May 1982, Page 881, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/68.5.881-c Published: 01 May 1982
Cardiac troponin T for risk stratification in decompensated heart failure Carlos H. Del Carlo, Antonio C. P. Barretto, Christopher M. O'Connor, Wendy A. Gattis, C�lia Cassaro-Strunz, Maria R. D. O. Latorre, Jos� A. F. Ramires. Heart Institute (InCor), University of S�o Paulo Medical School, S�o Paulo, Brazil, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Abstract 4607: Androgen signaling is essential for prostate cancer development initiated from prostatic basal cells
Authors: Yongfeng He, Erika Hooker, Eun-Jeong Yu, Gerald R. Cunha, Lan Liao, Jianming Xu, Andrew Earl, Huiqing Wu, Michael L. Gonzalgo, Zijie Sun
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Emerging evidence has shown that both prostatic basal and luminal cells are able to initiate oncogenic transformation. However, despite the diversity of tumor initiating cells, most prostate cancer cells express the androgen receptor (AR) and depend on androgens for their growth and expansion, implicating an essential role of androgen signaling in prostate tumorigenesis. Prostatic basal cells express p63 and are able to differentiate into luminal, neuroendocrine, and basal cells. In this study, we used a variety of relevant mouse models and in vivo systems to directly address the significance of androgen signaling in oncogenic transformation and tumor development initiated from prostatic p63-expressing cells. We demonstrate that activating Wnt oncogenic signaling by expressing stabilized b-catenin in prostatic p63-expressing cells is able to induce cell proliferation and the formation of atypical cell clusters in different prostatic lobes at embryonic, prepubescent, and adult stages. Intriguingly, despite the androgen insensitive nature of prostatic p63-expressing cells, androgens are still essential for these cells to grow and develop to androgen-dependent, luminal cell type prostate tumors. These findings are consistent with what have been observed in human prostate cancers, in which the majority of tumor cells are androgen-sensitive and possess luminal cell properties, providing new insight into the molecular mechanisms for prostate cancer initiation and progression. Citation Format: Yongfeng He, Erika Hooker, Eun-Jeong Yu, Gerald R. Cunha, Lan Liao, Jianming Xu, Andrew Earl, Huiqing Wu, Michael L. Gonzalgo, Zijie Sun. Androgen signaling is essential for prostate cancer development initiated from prostatic basal cells [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 4607.
Anaerobic Pyogenic Liver Abscess.
Authors: Jacobo Sabbaj
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1971)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1971Anaerobic Pyogenic Liver Abscess.Jacobo Sabbaj, M.D., Vera L. Sutter, Ph.D., Sydney M. Finegold, M.D., F.A.C.P.Jacobo Sabbaj, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Vera L. Sutter, Ph.D.Search for more papers by this author, Sydney M. Finegold, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-74-5-829_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptBacteria commonly thought to be implicated in the cause of pyrogenic liver abscess areEscherichia coliand other Enterobacteriaceae, andStaphylococcus aureusand aerobic streptococci; in addition, "sterile" abscesses are described in many series. We have encountered 24 cases of liver abscess due to anaerobic bacteria in an 11-year period, suggesting that these organisms are a major cause of pyogenic liver abscess. Only eight of our patients also had aerobic organisms. More than one anaerobe was present in five patients. Anaerobes isolated were microaerophilic or anaerobic cocci or streptococci, 17;Fusobacterium, 4;Bacillus fragilis, 4;Bacteriodes melaninogenicus, 3; unidentified Gramnegative... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Jacobo Sabbaj, M.D.; Vera L. Sutter, Ph.D.; Sydney M. Finegold, M.D., F.A.C.P.Affiliations: Los Angeles, Calif. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1971Volume 74, Issue 5Page: 829-829KeywordsAbscessesAnaerobic bacteriaBacillusBacteriaEnterobacteriaceaeEscherichia coliLiverStaphylococcus aureus ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1971 PDF downloadLoading ...
MALARIA.
Authors: R. S. MICHEL
Journal: JAMA (1898)

It is said that one-seventh of the human race perishes of tuberculosis—a fearful mortality—but thanks to modern investigation, this enormous death-rate will be greatly reduced. Of even greater importance to humanity is malaria. It stands as an insurmountable barrier to the occupancy and civilization of a large part of the globe. Immense countries, fertile in soil and rich in countless natural products, otherwise capable of supporting a dense population, are lost to the aggregate wealth of the world because of malaria alone. The plasmodium malariæ is a tropic plant. It requires abundance of moisture, fertile soil and heat. Where the jungle is impenetrable, where dense forests struggle upward and shut out the light, where fierce storms and unbearable sunshine divide the equatorial day, the conditions of its existence are perfect. It is hard for us of the North, accustomed to the disease in its milder manifestations, to realize what a
Incorrect Data and Wording.
Journal: JAMA (1996)

—In the Institute of Medicine column entitled "Looking for Adverse Reproductive Outcomes in 'Atomic Veterans': Are Such Studies Feasible?" published in the September 20, 1995, issue ofThe Journal(1995; 274:865), incorrect data and wording appeared. In the second paragraph, second sentence, item 3 should read as follows: "(3) the radiation doses (about 20 000 men received &gt;20 mSv [2 rem], of whom only about 1200 received &gt;5 rem)." In the third paragraph, the first sentence should read as follows: "The adverse reproductive outcomes report notes that diseases due to radiation are generally indistinguishable from those that occur naturally in the population, except for an increased incidence, supported by such evidence as a dose-response effect, replication by other investigatiions, exclusion of the influence of confounding variables, biologic plausibility, the occurrence of similar effects in experimental animals, and disappearance of the effect when the cause is removed."
Anesthesiology
Authors: M. J. Matjasko
Journal: JAMA (1989)

The American Board of Anesthesiology was 50 years old in 1988. More than 16000 certificates have been awarded to physicians who now represent the fourth generation of anesthesiologists in the United States. In 1988, it was estimated that there were 5000 anesthesiologists in training. New pharmacologic agents include esmolol hydrochloride, an ultrashort-acting parenteral β-blocker; propofol, an intravenous induction agent with rapid recovery and little or no hangover; and flumazenil, a benzodiazepine antagonist. Esmolol, with a half-life of 9 minutes, has been used effectively to control undesirable hypertensive and tachycardiac responses in the perioperative period, particularly in patients with cardiac and intracranial disease processes.<sup>1,2</sup>Potential exacerbation of myocardial ischemia, of cerebral edema, or of intracranial hypertension related to the hyperdynamic state associated with laryngoscopy or emergence from anesthesia can be effectively and safely managed within 2 to 3 minutes by injection of a loading dose followed by an infusion of
DOES SCIENCE JUSTIFY THE USE OF ALCOHOL IN THERAPEUTICS? IF SO, WHERE? WHEN?
Journal: JAMA (1991)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Donation of Unused Surgical Supplies: Help or Hindrance
Authors: Claude de Ville de Goyet
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —I read with great interest the article by Drs Rosenblatt and Silverman<sup>1</sup>on donations of unused surgical supplies to developing countries. Indeed, with the quality control and ethical safeguards mentioned by the authors, such an initiative will help to alleviate chronic shortages in poorer countries. Of particular importance to the World Health Organization and the Pan American Health Organization, its Regional Office for the Americas, is the emphasis the authors place on "the right of recipients to specify their needs and evaluate (and possibly refuse) given products." Unfortunately, experience has shown that even under "normal" circumstances, this right is sometimes overlooked by certain charities. In the aftermath of disasters, the situation is even worse: unclassified supplies of all kinds represent up to 85% of the donations and are, at best, a mixed blessing. Too often, health institutions (well intentioned or simply seeking a tax shelter) and
Community dermatology
Authors: P. Bower
Journal: BMJ (1993)

<h3>Background</h3> Physical activity (PA) brief interventions (BIs) involving screening and/or advice are recommended in primary care but frequency of delivery is unknown. <h3>Aim</h3> To examine the extent to which PA BIs are delivered in primary care, and explore factors associated with delivery, receipt, and patient receptivity. <h3>Design and setting</h3> A mixed-methods systematic review of studies conducted worldwide, with a narrative synthesis of results. <h3>Method</h3> CINAHL, EMBASE, MEDLINE, and APA PsycINFO index databases were searched for qualitative and quantitative studies, dating from January 2012 to June 2020, that reported the level of delivery and/or receipt of PA BIs in primary care, and/or factors affecting delivery, receipt, and patient receptivity. Quality was assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Attitudes towards and barriers to delivery were coded into the Theoretical Domains Framework and the Capability, Opportunity, and Motivation Behaviour model. <h3>Results</h3> After screening a total of 13 066 records, 66 articles were included in the review. The extent of PA screening and advice in primary care varied widely (2.4%–100% and 0.6%–100%, respectively). PA advice was delivered more often to patients with a higher body mass index, lower PA levels, and/or more comorbidities. Barriers — including a lack of time and training/guidelines — remain, despite recommendations from the World Health Organization and National Institute for Health and Care Excellence that PA advice should be provided in primary care. Few studies explored patients’ receptivity to advice. <h3>Conclusion</h3> PA BIs are not delivered frequently or consistently in primary care. Addressing barriers to delivery through system-level changes and training programmes could improve and increase the advice given. Understanding when patients are receptive to PA interventions could enhance health professionals’ confidence in their delivery.
A NEW METHOD OF TREATMENT FOR VARICOSE ULCERS OF THE LEG
Journal: JAMA (1921)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Cancer campaign: cash and compassion.
Journal: BMJ (1973)

Cancer Campaign: Cash and Compassion During the second decade of this century the idea grew up among surgeons, pathologists, and others that the needs for research in the field of cancer were not being met adequately by the Imperial Cancer Research Fund's policy of spending money only in its own laboratories.Medical men who spent much of their working lives observing and treating patients with different forms of cancer developed theories aibout this group of diseases but lacked funds to test them by scientific research.Thus the energy generated by their observations and ideas was being wasted.In 1923 Sir Richard Garton, an industrialist, provided the opportunity for this need to be met when, on the suggestion of Mr. Lockhart-Mummery, the senior surgeon at St. Mark's Hospital, he provided £20,000 to cover the expenses of setting up the British Em- pire Cancer Campaign.During its first year the Campaign awarded £2,500 each to the Middlesex Hospital and the Cancer Hospital and £330 to Dr. Louis Sambon for inves- tigations in Italy into the possible link between vermin and the spread of cancer
Mother's Manual. The Coming and Care of the Baby.
Journal: JAMA (1925)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal