tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Composition and Health Hazards of Water-Based Construction Paints: Results from a Survey in the Netherlands
Authors: Arendina van Faassen, Paul J. A. Borm
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1991)

Water-based construction paints may have beneficial effects toward man's occupational and general environment when compared to traditional paints that contain large amounts of organic solvents. The aim of this study was to describe the health hazards of the application of these alternative paints. The composition of these paints was obtained by a questionnaire survey among the main producers and importers in The Netherlands. Physicochemical parameters and toxicity data of the constituents were used to estimate occupational and environmental health hazards. Mucous membrane of skin irritation and sensitization are predicted to be the most frequently occurring health hazards after contact with these paints during professional or do-it-yourself application. Health hazards from environmental pollution may be irritation of the mucous membranes when the indoor environment is painted and fish mortality due to slowly degradable polyacrylate binders. The health hazards can be reduced by replacing some toxic compounds with less toxic ones and by hygienic (ventilation, skincare, no cleaning of application materials under the tap) measures.
Laboratory Vibrio cholerae infection in the United States
Authors: T. W. Sheehy
Journal: JAMA (1966)

This report concerns the first cases of<i>Vibrio cholerae</i>infection reported in the United States since 1911. The infections were acquired accidentally by two laboratory technicians who had not been immunized previously with cholera vaccine. Mild clinical symptoms were observed in the first patient to become ill but in the second patient, the clinical symptoms were fulminating. Little microscopic evidence of an acute enteritis was found on examination of specimens of small-bowel mucosa taken from these two patients during the acute phase of their<i>V cholerae</i>infections but intravillous capillary dilatation was marked so that grossly the bowel mucosa was hyperemic in appearance. An in vivo change was observed in the antigenicity of the infecting strain of V cholerae (Inaba to Ogawa) during the course of the infections.
Cytomegalovirus retinitis
Authors: K. To
Journal: JAMA (1989)

Ocular manifestations with cytomegalovirus (CMV),<i>Toxoplasma, Candida albicans, Cryptococcus</i>, herpes simplex virus, varicella zoster virus,<i>Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare</i>, and<i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>have been reported in association with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).<sup>1</sup>CMV retinitis is by far the most common cause of vision loss in these patients.<sup>1</sup> CMV retinitis has a very characteristic clinical appearance that consists of white granular lesions with without associated retinal hemorrhages (Fig 1). Lesions with hemorrhage have been described as resembling a "pizza pie." Retinal lesions without hemorrhage appear as white granular infiltrates that at times may be difficult to distinguish from cotton-wool spots. Cotton-wool spots, which are focal areas of infarction of the nerve fiber layers, are the most common ophthalmic manifestation of AIDS.<sup>1</sup>Infarcts of the nerve fiber layer are also commonly seen in association with diabetes and hypertension. Unlike lesions in CMV retinitis, which progressively enlarge, cotton-wool spots in AIDS patients
Deaths From Breast Cancer—United States, 1991
Journal: JAMA (1994)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A New Analeptic Agent
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Erratum for the Research Article: “Durability and correlates of vaccine protection against Zika virus in rhesus monkeys” by P. Abbink, R. A. Larocca, K. Visitsunthorn, M. Boyd, R. A. De La Barrera, G. D. Gromowski, M. Kirilova, R. Peterson, Z. Li, O. Nanayakkara, R. Nityanandam, N. B. Mercado, E. N. Borducchi, A. Chandrashekar, D. Jetton, S. Mojta, P. Gandhi, J. LeSuer, S. Khatiwada, M. G. Lewis, K. Modjarrad, R. G. Jarman, K. H. Eckels, S. J. Thomas, N. L. Michael, D. H. Barouch
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2018)
The Pathogenesis of Septic Shock
Authors: John W. Holaday
Journal: JAMA (1984)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The review on septic shock by Drs Parker and Parrillo<sup>1</sup>nicely described the cardiovascular effects as well as potential mediators of septicemia. However, we believe they understated the role that endogenous opioid peptides (endorphins) play in the pathogenesis of septic shock. Since 1978, when endogenous opiates were first suggested as mediators for endotoxin-induced hypotension,<sup>2</sup>many investigators have confirmed the importance of endogenous opiates and opiate-receptor antagonists in the pathogenesis and treatment of septic shock, respectively.<sup>3-5</sup>In many species, including man, the use of opiate antagonists has allowed the inference that endogenous opioid peptides play an important role in the hemodynamic, hematologic, autonomic, metabolic, and endocrine responses to endotoxemia and sepsis.<sup>3-5</sup>These effects may either be direct or indirect through other humoral mediators such as catecholamines, prostaglandins, activated complement components, kinins, and corticosteroids.<sup>6</sup>We believe that the scientific foundation for endogenous opiate involvement
Acute Silica Toxicity: Attenuation by Amiodarone-Induced Pulmonary Phospholipidosis
Authors: James M. Antonini, Christy M. McCloud, Mark J. Reasor
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1994)

Exposure to the toxic mineral dust silica has been shown to produce an acute inflammatory response in the lungs of both humans and laboratory animals. Coating silica with phospholipids reduces its toxicity when studied with in vitro systems. The drug amiodarone increases phospholipid within the cells, airways, and alveoli of the lungs. This increase in phospholipid is due to amiodarone's ability to inhibit phospholipase activity within alveolar macrophages (AMs) and whole lung. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the amiodarone-induced increase in pulmonary phospholipid would protect the lungs from acute damage caused by the intratracheal instillation of silica. Treatment of male Fischer 344 rats with amiodarone for 14 days caused an increase in phospholipid content in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and AMs compared to vehicle-treated controls. The rats were then instilled with silica or saline vehicle. At both 1 and 14 days after silica exposure, pulmonary phospholipidosis was associated with a marked reduction in acute silica-induced pulmonary damage as assessed by biochemical parameters in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, however, the influx of neutrophils into the airspaces was not reduced. Four times more phospholipid was bound to the silica recovered from amiodarone-treated rats compared to controls. The results of these in vivo experiments indicate that pulmonary phospholipidosis attenuates the acute damage associated with the intratracheal instillation of silica in rats. By using an in vitro cell culture system, we demonstrated that, in contrast to control AMs, phospholipidotic AMs were significantly more resistant to the cytotoxicity of surfactant-coated silica.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
VICARIOUS BLEEDING
Authors: F DIEZ RIVAS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1959)

Case Reports1 March 1959VICARIOUS BLEEDINGFEDERICO DIÉZ RIVAS, M.D., F.A.C.P.FEDERICO DIÉZ RIVAS, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-50-3-811 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptAlthough extragenital bleeding in women is known to occur, simultaneous bleeding from the eyes, ears, nose, urethra and rectum in association with the menstrual cycle appears to be very rare. Review of the literature fails to reveal a similar case, and because of its uniqueness this case report is presented.In 1884 Duncan,1in a lecture before the London Society of Medicine, said: "It is high time to give up the whole disease as a tissue of error if not of absurdity. I have all my life been on the lookout for a case of vicarious menstruation, but I have...Bibliography1. Duncan JM: London Medical Times, Feb., 1884. Google Scholar2. Claiborne HJ: A case of vicarious menstruation from the lower lids, J. A. M. A. 39: 631 (Sept. 13) 1902. CrossrefGoogle Scholar3. Condit WH: Compensatory or vicarious menstruation, Am. J. Obst. and Gynec. 73: 238-251, 1916. Google Scholar4. Roth OH: Monatschr. f. Geburtsh. u. Gynäk. 51: 41, 1920. Google Scholar5. Kieser K: Clin. ostet. 35: 593, 1933. Google Scholar6. Saitz O: Abstr., Ber. ü. d. ges. Gynäk. u. Geburtsh. 30: 557, 1935. Google Scholar7. Frank RT: The female sex hormones, 1929, Charles C Thomas, Springfield, Illinois, p. 234. Google Scholar8. Wolff HG: Headache and other head pains, 1948, Oxford University Press, New York, pp. 260-261. Google Scholar9. KochEscherLewis HJGCJS: Hormonal management of hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia, J. A. M. A. 149: 1376 (Aug. 9) 1952. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar10. LandesmanDouglasDreishpoonHolze RRGGE: The vascular bed of the bulbar conjunctiva in the normal menstrual cycle, Am. J. Obst. and Gynec. 66: 988 (Nov.) 1953. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Santurce, Puerto Rico*Received for publication July 22, 1957.Presented at the Regional Meeting of The American College of Physicians, Puerto Rico Chapter, October 26, 1956.From the Department of Internal Medicine, University of Puerto Rico, School of Medicine.Requests for reprints should be addressed to Federico Diéz Rivas, M.D., Professional Building, PDA. 22, Santurce, Puerto Rico. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byLes stigmates : de Saint-François d’Assise à l’hématidrose idiopathiqueHemorrhages 1 March 1959Volume 50, Issue 3Page: 811-819KeywordsBiopsyEdemaEstrogensHemorrhageHospital medicineMenstrual cycleOphthalmologyPathology and laboratory medicineRectumResearch laboratories Issue Published: 1 March 1959 PDF downloadLoading ...
Candida albicans: saprophyte or pathogen? A diagnostic guideline
Authors: P. J. Kozinn
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Isolation of<i>Candida albicans</i>from a patient's stools, sputum, or urine tends to obfuscate rather than clarify the diagnosis. The clinician's uncertainty as to the significance of<i>Candida</i>or ganisms cultured from skin lesions or from blood, cerebrospinal fluid, and other internal foci has all too often delayed or prevented administration of specific therapy. Much of the confusion concerning the diagnostic interpretation of<i>C albicans</i>isolated from clinical specimens stems from faulty concepts as to the saprophytic occurrence of the organism. Despite ample evidence to the contrary,<sup>1</sup>many textbooks and articles still perpetuate the thoughtless statement that<i>C albicans</i>occurs saprophytically on normal skin. As a result, a<i>Candida</i>organism cultured from blood and other visceral specimens is often shrugged off as a "skin contaminant," with usually tragic consequences for the patient. Failure to recognize the role of<i>C albicans</i>in the etiology of skin lesions may lead to
Perineopelvic Anatomy from the Proctologist's Viewpoint
Journal: JAMA (1942)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 attenuates spontaneous liver fibrosis resolution in the transgenic mouse
Authors: H Yoshiji
Journal: Hepatology (2002)

It has been suggested that the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1) is involved in spontaneous resolution of liver fibrosis. The aim of this study was to investigate whether TIMP-1 altered spontaneous resolution of liver fibrosis in conjunction with matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) inhibition and hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation. The livers of liver-targeted TIMP-1 transgenic (TIMP-Tg) and control hybrid (Cont) mice were harvested at 0, 3, 7, and 28 days following spontaneous recovery from CCl4-induced liver fibrosis. The extent of fibrosis resolution, MMP expression, α-smooth-muscle actin (α-SMA) positive cells, and procollagen-(I) messenger RNA (mRNA) in the liver were assessed at the respective periods in both groups. We also examined the effect of TIMP-1 on HSC apoptosis. The TIMP-Tg mice showed significantly attenuated resolution of spontaneous liver fibrosis compared with the Cont mice. The hydroxyproline content, number of α-SMA positive cells, and procollagen-(I) mRNA rapidly decreased with time in the Cont mice, whereas these markers were little changed in TIMP-Tg mice. The level of the active form of metalloproteinases-2 (MMP-2) in the TIMP-Tg mice was less than that in the Cont mice. TIMP-1 markedly decreased the nonparenchyma apoptotic cells in the liver fibrosis resolution model, and it also inhibited HSC apoptosis associated with suppression of caspase-3 activity in vitro. In conclusion, TIMP-1 significantly attenuated spontaneous resolution of liver fibrosis by the combination of a net reduction of the MMP activity and suppression of apoptosis in HSC. (HEPATOLOGY 2002;36:850-860.)
Scientific Memoirs by Medical Officers of the Army of India.
Journal: JAMA (1898)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Moon Dust
Authors: Ajay Kailas, Leonard J. Hoenig
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2017)

We will soon commemorate the 50th anniversary of the Apollo moon missions that culminated in the first lunar landing on July 20, 1969. Many of us still recall Neil Armstrong's stirring words as he emerged from the lunar module: "That's one small step for [a] man, one giant leap for mankind."
Risk of breast cancer recurrence in women initiating tamoxifen with CYP2D6 inhibitors
Authors: R. E. Aubert, E. J. Stanek, J. Yao, J. R. Teagarden, M. Subar, R. S. Epstein, T. C. Skaar, Z. Desta, D. A. Flockhart
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

CRA508 Background: Tamoxifen (TAM) is metabolized to its active form, endoxifen, by hepatic cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2D6. Diminished CYP2D6 function, both by genetic variation or concurrent use of pharmacologic inhibitors, can significantly reduce endoxifen plasma concentrations and may lead to reduced TAM effectiveness. Methods: We interrogated an integrated research database comprised of de-identified medical and pharmacy claims (Rx) data for 10.7 million U.S. health plan members to identify women with breast cancer (BrCa) new to TAM therapy in a 30-month period from 2003 to 2005, and investigated the risk of recurrent BrCa as a function of concurrent use of potent and moderate inhibitors of CYP2D6. Inclusion criteria were: greater than or equal to 24 months of follow-up data and adherence to TAM (medication possession ratio > 70%) over 2 years (N = 1,298). Disease recurrence was defined by BrCa ICD-9 codes or CPT codes for mastectomy, lumpectomy, lymph node dissection, or radiation therapy occurring at least 6 months after the index TAM Rx. Two study groups were identified: TAM alone (N = 945) or TAM + a CYP2D6 inhibitor concomitantly (N = 353). BrCa recurrence rates were compared using Kaplan-Meier analysis with log-rank test, and univariate hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated by Cox proportional hazards model. Results: The study groups were similar at baseline. Median age was 52 years (TAM) and 53 years (TAM + CYP2D6 inhibitor). Interventions performed in the TAM alone group included mastectomy in 54%, lumpectomy in 36%, and radiation therapy in 47%, and were 52%, 38%, 46%, respectively, in the TAM + CYP2D6 inhibitor group. Among women on a CYP2D6 inhibitor, the median duration of overlap with TAM was 255 days. Patients receiving TAM + a CYP2D6 inhibitor had a 2-year BrCa recurrence rate of 13.9% versus 7.5% in patients receiving TAM alone (HR 1.92, 95% CI 1.33–2.76, p < 0.001). Conclusions: Our findings support the presence of a clinically significant drug interaction between TAM and known CYP2D6 inhibitors. This resulted in a significant 1.9 fold higher BrCa recurrence within 2 years of initiating TAM therapy. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Medco Health Solutions, Inc. LabCorp, Medco Health Solutions, Inc., Roche Molecular Diagnostics Medco Health Solutions, Inc. Roche Molecular Systems, Inc.
Total Body Irradiation, Etoposide, Cyclophosphamide and Autologous Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation Followed by Randomization to Therapy with Interleukin-2 Versus Observation for Patients with Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma: Results of a Phase III Randomized Trial by the Southwest Oncology Group (SWOG 9438).
Authors: John A. Thompson, Richard I. Fisher, Michael L. LeBlanc, Joseph M. Unger, Stephen J. Forman, Patrick J. Stiff, Alexander Fefer
Journal: Blood (2006)
Clinical tetanus despite a protective level of toxin-neutralizing antibody
Authors: E. L. Passen
Journal: JAMA (1986)

TETANUS is a preventable disease. Although immunization guidelines<sup>1</sup>are generally very effective, tetanus has occurred in patients with prior immunization.<sup>2</sup>In most cases it was presumed that levels of toxin-neutralizing antibody were low. Although data on the protective level of neutralizing antibody in humans are extremely limited, animal data have been used to support the belief that 0.01 antitoxin unit/mL is protective.<sup>3,4</sup>This report describes a patient with a wound, followed by severe generalized tetanus, who was found at the onset of symptoms to have a neutralizing antibody level 16 times that considered protective. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 35-year-old man sustained a puncture wound in the plantar surface of his left foot. He was seen at a community hospital 35 hours later for increasing foot pain. There was no evidence of infection, and he was treated with tetanus toxoid, dicloxacillin, and acetaminophen. Approximately 38 hours after the
Psychophysical Assessment of Visual Dysfunction
Authors: Patricia M. Blough, John S. Young
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1982)

Selected psychophysical techniques for nonhuman animals are described. These include operant learning methods and a new reflexive technique that may prove especially efficient. Problems of particular interest for toxicological research include control of the physical stimulus, choice of species, separation of stimulus from attentional effects, response bias, and pre- and post-training efficiency.
November 7, 2001
Journal: JAMA (2001)

Renliang Zhang, MD, PhD; Marie-Luise Brennan, PhD; Xiaoming Fu, MS; Ronnier J. Aviles, MD; Gregory L. Pearce, MS; Marc S. Penn, MD, PhD; Eric J. Topol, MD; Dennis L. Sprecher, MD; Stanley L. Hazen, MD, PhD