tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Transfusion hepatitis arising from addict blood donors
Authors: S. N. Cohen
Journal: JAMA (1968)

A number of narcotics addicts and suspected addicts sold blood at a local proprietary blood bank. The state Department of Health determined the effect of this source on the incidence of hepatitis in the recipients. A control group of recipients was studied for comparison. Although the incidence of hepatitis was not higher than expected in the recipients of this bank's blood, it was much higher than in the control group, and higher yet when related to addict and suspected-addict donations. The narcotics addict seems to be a significant source of homologous serum hepatitis.
PWE-052 The adequacy of liver biopsies can be predicted from the length of fresh tissue obtained at the time of biopsy
Authors: V J Appleby, H Gavin, M Kon, I Georgiades, S Moreea
Journal: Gut (2010)

<h3>Introduction</h3> An adequate liver biopsy should contain ≥10 portal tracts. We asked: what length of fresh tissue would guarantee enough microscopic tissue for an adequate liver biopsy after allowing for tissue shrinkage during fixation and processing? <h3>Methods</h3> Data for liver biopsies taken between 2004 and 2008 were analysed for the following: macroscopic length – length of tissue before processing, microscopic length on pathology slides, number of portal tracts in each biopsy and diagnosis. We also conducted a prospective pilot study to correlate length of fresh tissue at the time of biopsy with the length of formalin-preserved tissue at the time of arrival in the lab. <h3>Results</h3> There were 412 ultrasound-guided liver biopsies taken with 18 Fr needles in 195 females (F) and 217 males (M). Portal tracts could not be counted in the following: 98 cases of malignancy, 42 cases of cirrhosis and 14 insufficient biopsies. Of the remaining 258 biopsies, statistical analysis was performed on 192 (75%) samples where all of macroscopic length, microscopic length and number of portal tracts were recorded. The diagnoses were: 119 viral hepatitis (F=45, M=74 mean 37 years) 35 fatty liver disease (F=14, M=21 mean 49 years) 10 haemochromatosis (F=2, M=8 mean 59 years) 7 autoimmune hepatitis (F=6, M=1 mean 50 years) 6 normal liver (F=3, M=3, mean 43 years) 4 cholestatic liver disease (F=2, M=2 mean 54 years) 4 drug induced liver injury (F=3, M=1 mean 39 years) 7 others (F=5, M=2 mean 51 years). Tissue shrank consistently (r=0.837, p&lt;0.01) from a mean length of 23.8 mm to 21.0 mm after processing. Using linear regression analysis, macroscopic length was found to be highly predictive of microscopic length (variance 95.1%) and the number of portal tracts (variance 85.2%). χ<sup>2</sup> analysis showed that age and sex were non-significant parameters for an adequate liver biopsy. We calculated that 17.55 mm of macroscopic tissue equating to 15.89 mm of microscopic tissue (p&lt;0.01) would guarantee an adequate liver biopsy with at least 10 portal tracts in any diagnosis excluding cirrhosis and malignancy. Similarly, 30 mm of fresh tissue would guarantee ≥15 portal tracts in &gt;99% of cases. Our pilot study of 10 consecutive biopsies showed no tissue shrinkage during transport in formalin to the lab. <h3>Conclusion</h3> The length of fresh tissue from a liver biopsy obtained using an 18 Fr needle directly correlates to the number of portal tracts in all diagnoses excluding cirrhosis and malignancy. To ensure that patients have an adequate diagnosis and avoid a repeat biopsy we suggest that operators ensure at least 18 mm of fresh liver tissue at a cut-off of 10 portal tracts and 30 mm of tissue at a cut-off of ≥15 portal tracts. We advise operators to actively measure the length of tissue at the time of the procedure.
Correction
Journal: Circulation Research (2001)

the paragraph on page 477 under the heading Luciferase Assay contained an error in the description of the transfection.The sentence should read, "On the third day after neonatal myocytes were prepared, cells were transfected by the calcium phosphate method 31 with 5 g of one of these luciferase constructs, 2 g of pcDNA3 (Invitrogen), 0.5 g control vector pRL-TK, and salmon sperm DNA to bring the total DNA amount to 25 g."
THE PRESENT STATUS OF MEDICAL EDUCATION IN THE UNITED STATES.
Journal: JAMA (1994)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Fundamental Virology
Authors: Robert F. Betts
Journal: JAMA (1991)

This is a condensed version of the textbook<i>Fields Virology</i>, although "condensed" really overstates the fact. It is over 1000 pages packed with information sufficient to please most readers. The second edition is a significant change from the first edition of<i>Fundamental Virology</i>, published in 1986. Eighteen former contributors are not in the second edition, but 24 new ones appear. As before, but in a more clear-cut manner, the text has two basic sections: chapters 1 through 15 address general topics such as virus taxonomy, analysis of viral membranes, defective viral genomes, and pathogenesis of a viral infection, whereas the second section treats individual viruses in great detail. Four chapters of the first edition have been removed from the introductory section, although some of that information has been included in the new edition under other chapters. However, some of the information, for example, antiviral chemotherapy and epidemiology of virus infection,
Effect of Exposure Route, Regimen, and Duration on Benzene-Induced Genotoxic and Cytotoxic Bone Marrow Damage in Mice
Authors: Raymond R. Tice, Carol A. Luke, Robert T. Drew
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1989)

Mice were exposed to benzene for 13 to 14 weeks by inhalation for either 3 or 5 consecutive days per week or by gavage for 5 consecutive days per week. A weekly evaluation of peripheral blood smears for micronucleated (MN) erythrocyte frequencies and for the percentage of polychromatic erythrocytes (PCE) indicated that the induction of MN-PCE by benzene depended on the sex and strain of mice and on the route of exposure, but not on the inhalation regimen or on the exposure duration. The frequency of MN normochromatic erythrocytes (NCE) not only depended on the sex and strain of mice and on the route of exposure, but directly depended on the inhalation regimen and on the exposure duration. Similarly, the extent of erythropoietic depression in benzene-exposed mice was dependent on sex, mouse strain, exposure duration, and route. However, in contrast to the MN-NCE data, the 3 day/week exposure regimen induced a more persistent depression in erythropoiesis than the 5 day/week exposure regimen. Exposure to benzene also induced in mice a significant depression in packed cell volume (PCV) and bone marrow cellularity, the magnitude of which depended on the sex and strain of mice and on the regimen and route of exposure.
Lead-poisoning
Authors: G. I. Benson
Journal: BMJ (1963)

BDlcBL jORNAL 1609the only tonometer which can be used by opticians, and over 200 cases of incipient glaucoma are said to have been detected and referred to ophthalmic surgeons through its use.Its routine use may well enable many patients to avoid the consequence of established glaucoma.The principle of this instrument is the same as that of the guard-ring electromanometer developed in this hospital for obstetric work and described in the Journal of Physiology' and the Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology,2 and it is made by Biotronics, Inc., Oak- land 12, California, by agreement with the National Research Development Corporation.It would be interesting to learn whether opticians in this country should be encouraged to screen patients for abnormal intraocular pressures with this type of device.-Iam, etc.,
A novel angiogenic pathway mediated by non-neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors
Authors: Christopher Heeschen, Michael Weis, Alexandra Aicher, Stefanie Dimmeler, John P. Cooke
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2002)

We have recently reported that nicotine has angiogenic effects, which appear to be mediated through non-neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). Here, we describe the endogenous cholinergic pathway for angiogenesis. In an in vitro angiogenesis model, increasing concentrations of the nonselective nAChR antagonist mecamylamine completely and reversibly inhibited endothelial network formation. Although several nAChR isoforms are expressed on endothelial cells (ECs), a similar inhibition was only obtained with the selective α7-nAChR antagonist α-bungarotoxin, whereas other selective antagonists did not result in significant inhibition of network formation. α7-nAChR was upregulated during proliferation, by hypoxia in vitro, and by ischemia in vivo. The nAChR-induced network formation was partially dependent on VEGF, was completely dependent on the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways, and finally resulted in NF-κB activation. In vivo, pharmacological inhibition of nAChR as well as genetic disruption of α7-nAChR expression significantly inhibited inflammatory angiogenesis and reduced ischemia-induced angiogenesis and tumor growth. Our results suggest that nAChRs may play an important role in physiological and pathological angiogenesis. To our knowledge, this is the first description of a cholinergic angiogenic pathway, and it suggests a novel avenue for therapeutic modulation of angiogenesis.
Tests Help Nail Down HCV—but Not Entirely
Authors: Paul Cotton
Journal: JAMA (1991)

WHEN HEPATITIS C virus (HCV) was discovered a little more than 1 year ago (<i>Science</i>. 1989;244:359-361), there was hope that most if not all non-A, non-B cases of the disease could be accurately detected and ascribed to it. Since that time, the development of a blood screening test for the virus has provided an answer for many cases but has in others led to new questions. Particularly puzzling is why not everyone who seemingly ought to show positivity to the newly recognized virus does so. A "spectrum of studies" show that 40% to 55% of individuals with chronic liver diseases, cirrhosis and primary liver cell cancer cases are positive for HCV, says Eugene R. Schiff, MD, chief of hepatology at the University of Miami in Florida. About 30% of patients with alcoholic liver disease are positive for HCV as well. In Japan, where liver cancer is much more common, 70%
The value of neomycin in a neomycin-steroid cream
Authors: C. M. Davis
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Twenty-seven patients with inflammatory and infected dermatoses were treated with a dexamethasone sodium phosphate cream or a combination neomycin-dexamethasone sodium phosphate cream. Symmetrical areas were treated with the two preparations for a paired comparison in a double-blind fashion. The clinical responses were equally satisfactory with both preparations. Neomycin was not effective topically in eradicating bacteria from the skin lesions.
COLOPEXY FOR EXTENSIVE RECTAL PROLAPSE.
Journal: JAMA (1903)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
THE RESOURCES AGAINST EXPOSURE TO HEAT
Journal: JAMA (1924)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Electroretinography
Authors: Benjamin Ziv
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1961)

What Gives Rise to What Electric Potentials?As said earlier, the exact sources of the electroretinogram are unknown. There is a growing literature of research efforts directed toward trying to establish the source of the electric potentials recorded from the surface and from the interior of the eye.Tomita and Torihama38 have recorded intraretinal potentials with microelectrodes (less than 1 micron) in the bullfrog retina, and a microillumination was used to evoke the potentials. The action potentials, because of the illumination, were almost negative everywhere within the retina, being most active in the bipolar layer. Effects produced by strychnine are . . .
Real-Time Optical Mapping of Neuronal Activity: From Single Growth Cones to the Intact Mammalian Brain
Authors: A Grinvald
Journal: Annual Review of Neuroscience (1985)

Real-Time Optical Mapping of Neuronal Activity: From Single Growth Cones to the Intact Mammalian Brain, Page 1 of 1 < Previous page | Next page > /docserver/preview/fulltext/neuro/8/1/annurev.ne.08.030185.001403-1.gif
Reply:
Authors: Rafael Bañares, Oscar Núñez
Journal: Hepatology (2005)

We appreciate the interest of Libbrecht et al. in our article. As they correctly point out, and as we have carefully detailed in our article, the results of our study should be interpreted cautiously because of the retrospective nature of its design.1 However, while the possibility of a selection bias cannot be completely excluded, the adequate sample size, the careful matching and statistical procedures, and the similar cumulative incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) observed in the non–transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt cohort with respect to other published series gives a solid estimation of a possible greater risk of HCC in the transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) cohort. Regarding the interesting information provided by Libbrecht et al., it is important to emphasize the long follow-up period after TIPS insertion (median 30 months [range 7.8–110.8]) in our study. This length allows the detection of the potential influence of TIPS in the development of HCC. In the Libbrecht et al. series, the maximum follow-up period was only 21 months. Timing is very important, because the 1-year probability of developing HCC in our study was quite similar in both groups. Therefore, the time between TIPS insertion and histological analysis in the Libbrecht et al. cohort may be too short for detecting the possible influence of TIPS on HCC. Another interesting point is that the Libbrecht et al. study was designed to evaluate the incidence of HCC and dysplastic nodules in explanted organs as well as the accuracy of imaging techniques for early detection of these focal lesions in the pretransplantation time. We believe the design of their study makes it difficult to draw conclusions about the risk of HCC associated with TIPS, because it does not represent the whole population at risk (i.e., patients who received TIPS irrespective of the indication of liver transplantation).2 Therefore, we believe the information provided by Libbrecht et al. does not clarify whether TIPS insertion increases the risk of HCC development. We agree with Libbrecht et al. regarding the benefits of TIPS when adequately indicated according to recently published guidelines.3 However, we completely disagree with the suggestion that a 1.5-fold increase of risk of developing HCC is not meaningful. While adequate prospective studies confirm our results, the increase of risk of HCC after TIPS insertion described in our study should be taken into account when planning the follow-up of these patients. Rafael Bañares*, Oscar Núñez*, * Liver Unit, Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.
Transferable Antibiotic Resistance
Authors: E. S. Anderson
Journal: BMJ (1965)

Malaria Strains Resistant to 4-amino-quinoline Drugs SIR,-There is a steadily increasing number of records of resistance to the 4-amino-quinoline drugs, which include chloroquine and amodiaquine, and are our chief tools in the treatment of malaria.These records now come from Colombia, Brazil, British Guiana, Cambodia, Thailand, Viet Nam, and Malaya, and this can be taken as a very conservative statement because confirmation of resistance is extremely difficult.Moreover, a most dis- turbing feature of some of these resistant strains is that cross-resistance extends not only to other 4-amino-quinolines, but also to
HRS/ACC/AHA Expert Consensus Statement on the Use of Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator Therapy in Patients Who Are Not Included or Not Well Represented in Clinical Trials
Authors: Fred M. Kusumoto, Hugh Calkins, John Boehmer, Alfred E. Buxton, Mina K. Chung, Michael R. Gold, Stefan H. Hohnloser, Julia Indik, Richard Lee, Mandeep R. Mehra, Venu Menon, Richard L. Page, Win-Kuang Shen, David J. Slotwiner, Lynne Warner Stevenson, Paul D. Varosy, Lisa Welikovitch
Journal: Circulation (2014)
The chronically ischemic lower limb
Authors: I. J. Schatz
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Proper advice to the patient with symptomatic arterial insufficiency of the leg due to atherosclerosis depends upon a thorough understanding of the natural history of this disease and adequate knowledge of those therapeutic maneuvers which are likely to improve its course. Prior to making specific recommendations for therapy, however, the physician first must determine whether there has been significant disruption of the patient's personality, his job, and his daily activity. Only after this judgment is made can treatment most appropriate for the particular patient's needs be applied. <h3>Natural History.—</h3> Before reviewing the available methods of therapy, several brief generalizations summarizing current knowledge of the natural history of peripheral atherosclerosis may be pertinent.<sup>1</sup> Significant coronary and cerebrovascular arterial disease usually is present in patients with intermittent claudication. The prognosis for life in this group is, in great part, determined by these lesions and consequently is considerably worse than that for
Cardiac arrest during exercise training. Report of a successfully treated case attributed to preparedness
Authors: H. R. Pyfer
Journal: JAMA (1969)

A 61-year-old man with a history of two myocardial infarctions had been actively participating in a group rehabilitation program for six months at the time he experienced cardiac arrest. Resuscitation by defibrillation in the gymnasium was successful. A review of symptoms and signs that were present prior to the defibrillation plus the fact that defibrillation was successful suggests that the patient did have fibrillation as the cause of the cardiac arrest. Preparedness on the part of anyone conducting group exercise programs is essential. Oxygen, defibrillator, nitroglycerin, and various medications are recommended. Observation of each other by members of a rehabilitation class is also invaluable. Members can note whether or not a classmate is behaving in his usual fashion, and if not, this should be reported to the individuals in charge. Medical or paramedical personnel trained in emergency procedures should also be present at each exercise session.
Professional Adjustments. I
Journal: JAMA (1941)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal