tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Hyperemesis gravidarum
Authors: Nikki Ramskill, Samuel Marcus
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Excessive nausea and vomiting in pregnancy You are asked to see a young woman in the emergency department who is in the first trimester of pregnancy. She has been vomiting non-stop for several days, and she feels extremely unwell. She is understandably concerned for her baby. Nausea and vomiting are normal and well known features of early pregnancy. Evidence suggests that 50-90% of pregnant women experience them.1 Symptoms generally start around four to seven weeks of pregnancy and disappear by 16-20 weeks.2 For most women these symptoms, although unpleasant, are not a cause for concern. For 0.3-2% of women, however, vomiting becomes so severe it causes dehydration and ketonuria (ketones in the urine). This is called hyperemesis gravidarum, and it requires hospital treatment.3 The pathophysiology of hyperemesis gravidarum is poorly understood, although a history of hyperemesis gravidarum, multiple and molar pregnancy, non-smoking, non-Caucasian, and younger maternal age are associated.4 In extreme circumstances it can be severe enough to lead women to terminate the pregnancy.5 Nausea and vomiting can, however, be symptoms of other medical and surgical conditions that must be ruled out before they are attributed solely to the pregnancy. The aim of this article is to provide a concise guide for junior doctors and medical students when dealing with pregnant women presenting to the emergency department with nausea and vomiting. Any pregnant woman who presents with severe vomiting, ketonuria, and dehydration (whatever the cause) should be treated quickly and aggressively to avoid complications such as hypotensive shock secondary to severe dehydration, Mallory-Weiss tears, and thromboembolism. When confronted with a pregnant woman in the emergency department, the first step is to carry out an ABCDE assessment (box 1) and then take a thorough history once she is clinically stable. #### Box 1: ABCDE approach6
ABC of major trauma. Thoracic trauma--I.
Authors: S Westaby, N Brayley
Journal: BMJ (1990)

Many patients with catastrophic intrathoracic visceral injury such as laceration of the heart, aorta, or major airways die at the site of incident.Those who reach hospital alive are a self selected group who should survive with early skilled intervention.Yet evidence suggests that most patients who die in hospital of thoracic trauma do so unnecessarily through lack of appropriate treatment.In practice, less than 15 per cent of patients with chest injuries require surgical intervention, pathology in the remainder being confined to the thoracic cage and underlying lung parenchyma.Multiple rib fractures with pulmonary contusion, haemothorax, or pneumothorax can be dealt with simply and effectively by insertion of a chest drain, pain relief, fluid restriction, and physiotherapy.When ignored, underestimated, or inadequately treated, however, such injuries may cause death during surgery for seemingly more important intracranial or abdominal haemorrhage.The basis for successful management of thoracic trauma is effective cardiopulmonary resuscitation followed by early detection and correction of life threatening injuries. Mechanisms and patterns of blunt thoracic traumaChest wall injuries Possible thoracic visceral injuries Common associated injuries High velocity impact (deceleration) Chest wall often intact Ruptured aorta Head and or fractured sternum Cardiac contusion faciomaxillary injuries or bilateral rib Major airways injury Fractured cervical fractures with anterior Ruptured diaphragm spine flail (caused by Lacerated liver or steering wheel) spleen Long bone fractures Low velocity impact (direct blow) Lateral-unilateral Pulmonary contusion Lacerated liver or fractured ribs spleen if ribs 6-12 are fractu red Anterior-fractu red sternum Anteroposteriorbilateral rib fractures with or without anterior flail Lateral-ipsilateral fractures with or without flail Possible contralateral fractures Cardiac contusion Crush Ruptured bronchus Cardiac contusion Pulmonary contusion
Dialysis Elbow
Authors: Cosme Cruz
Journal: JAMA (1977)

INFLAMMATION of the olecranon bursa is commonly associated with rheumatoid arthritis, gout, and trauma.<sup>1</sup>To our knowledge, the association between this type of bursitis and long-term hemodialysis has not been previously reported. In a dialysis population of approximately 140 patients, olecranon bursitis has developed in four during the last 18 months. These four patients (one man and three women), aged 41 to 70 years, have been on long-term hemodialysis for six to 54 months. With the exception of one patient in whom bursitis developed in both elbows, all had the lesion on the side of the vascular access for dialysis. All denied history of trauma; rheumatoid arthritis, gout, and septic arthritis were also excluded. Two patients responded to aspiration and local injection of nonabsorbable corticosteroids. The other two patients had recurrence of the lesions and required surgical excision of their bursae. <h3>Report of a Representative Case</h3> A 41-year-old man
Global real-world evidence of sofosbuvir/velpatasvir (SOF/VEL) as a highly effective treatment and elimination tool in underserved patient populations experiencing mental health disorders, incarceration or homelessness
Authors: Lisa Barrett, Silvia Rosati, Montserrat Garcia-Retortillo, Heiner Wedemeyer, Elisabetta Teti, Francisco Andrés Pérez Hernández, Marion Selfridge, Alexander Wong, Sergio Rodriguez-Tajes, Luis Enrique Morano Amado, Christian Brixko, Elena Jimenèz Mutiloa, Joss O’Loan, Michele Milella, Francesca Campanale, Guilherme Macedo, María Guerra Veloz, Ivana Maida, Roberto Ranieri, Alexandra Martins, Annalisa Bascia, Maria Buti, Conrado Manuel Fernandez Rodriguez, Brian Conway, Juliette Foucher, Stefano Fagiuoli, Alnoor Ramji, Mary Fenech, Pablo Ryan, Sergio Borgia, Alessandra Mangia, Ioanna Ntalla, Candido Hernández, Michael Mertens, Kim Vanstraelen, Vincenza Calvaruso
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2020)
Thilliampalam Paramananthan
Authors: B Thalayasingam, Ratna Paramananthan, A D Piyasena
Journal: BMJ (2007)

Three cases of congenital cranial hemihypertrophy are described. CT or ultrasound scans showed unilateral cerebral enlargement with dilatation of the ipsilateral ventricle. Seizures occurred in two patients and the neurodevelopmental outlook appears poor. These patients represent a poor prognosis subgroup of the congenital hemihypertrophies.
Deaths.
Journal: JAMA (1884)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 5813: Vascular Function Measured By Digital Thermal Monitoring Strongly Correlates with the Severity of Coronary Artery Disease Diagnosed by 64 Slice Multidetector Computed Tomography
Authors: Naser Ahmadi, Vivek Nuguri, Sumithra Tirunagaram, Anila Saeed, Fereshteh Hajsadeghi, Nudrat Usman, Harvey Hecht, Morteza Naghavi, Matthew Budoff
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Background: Digital Thermal Monitoring (DTM) of vascular reactivity is a new test of vascular function that correlates well with the Framingham Risk Score and subclinical coronary artery disease measured by the coronary calcium score. This study evaluates whether DTM correlates with the severity of coronary artery disease (CAD) measured by 64 slice multidetector computed tomography (MDCT). Methods: 151 patients, mean age 64±9 years, 69% male, were studied. Each underwent DTM during a 5 minute supra systolic arm-cuff occlusion and MDCT. Post-cuff deflation fingertip temperature rebound (TR) was correlated with CAD severity assessed by MDCT. Results: After adjusting for age, gender and CAD risk factors using logistic regression analysis, the odds ratio for TR in the lowest tertile vs. upper 2 tertiles was 1.3 (95% CI 0.89 –1.6, p=0.4) for mild CAC (luminal stenosis&lt;30%), 2.7 (95% CI 1.2–3.9, p=0.0001) for moderate CAD (30 –70% luminal stenosis) and 6.94 (95% CI 2.2–10.7, p=0.0001) for severe CAD (luminal stenosis&gt;70%) compared to normal coronaries. Additionally, TR was lower in coronary segments with mixed plaque compared to calcified plaque (0.43±0.17 vs. 0.91±0.19, p=0.001). Conclusions: Vascular dysfunction measured by DTM strongly correlates with the severity and characteristics of coronary plaques measured by MDCT, independent of age, gender and cardiac risk factors. DTM may be a useful tool for the identification of high risk patients, additional studies are warranted.
A Call To Arms
Journal: JAMA (1971)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Revision of the Code of Ethics.
Journal: JAMA (1892)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Errata
Authors: Joseph Fenn Allnutt, Henry Adye, Wiltshire Bradford, Barnabus Barrett, Joseph Lewis, Edwin Moore, George Puckle, Camberwell James, Lewis Sanders, Charles Taylor, Nottingham Leonard, Keatley Yelf, Frank Bindley, Thomas Coghlan, John Coogan, William Cufaude, Norwich Acle, Walter Humphries, Samuel Job, Yorkshire Bawtry, William Lichfield, Joseph Matthews, Thadeus Molony, Clare Daniel, Hack Tuke, John Edmunds, Joshua Lever, Lancashire Bolton-Le-Moors, John Noble, York George, Bell Poppelwell, North Shields, Northumberland Lewis, Robert Ramond, Lower Sydenham, Richard Patrick, Burke Taaffe, Thomas Bray, Garret Butler, Dublin Henry, Richard Foquett, Bengal Lucknow, James Keeling, Robert Leys, Kincardineshire Banchory, Benjamin Charles, Carlow Mosse, Malim Sharman, John Tronson, Walter Bernard, Hallam Dixon, William Garrington, Portsea Alexander, Robert Hudson, George Lawson, Forest Hill, Sydenham James, Henry Lewis, William O'connor, ; Tenison, Henry William
Journal: BMJ (1852)
CALCIUM AND THE METABOLISM OF LEAD
Journal: JAMA (1942)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Relicensure, physician competence, and continuing medical education
Journal: JAMA (1971)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Geriatric Gastroenterology
Authors: O F W Jones
Journal: Gut (1990)

<h3>Abstract</h3> Drought can severely limit plant growth and production. However, few studies have investigated gene expression profiles in maize during drought/re-watering. We compared drought-treated and water-sufficient maize plants by measuring their leaf relative water content, superoxide dismutase and peroxidase activities, proline content, and leaf gas exchange parameters (photosynthetic rates, stomatal conductance, and transpiration rates). We conducted RNA sequencing analyses to elucidate gene expression profiles and identify miRNAs that might be related to drought resistance. A GO enrichment analysis showed that the common DEGs (differently expressed genes) between drought-treated and control plants were involved in response to stimulus, cellular process, metabolic process, cell part, and binding and catalytic activity. Analyses of gene expression profiles revealed that 26 of the DEGs under drought encoded 10 enzymes involved in proline synthesis, suggesting that increased proline synthesis was a key part of the drought response. We also investigated cell wall-related genes and transcription factors regulating abscisic acid-dependent and -independent pathways. The expression profiles of the miRNAs miR6214-3p, miR5072-3p, zma-miR529-5p, zma-miR167e-5p, zma-miR167f-5p, and zma-miR167j-5p and their relevant targets under drought conditions were analyzed. These results provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms of drought tolerance, and may identify new targets for breeding drought-tolerant maize lines. <h3>Abbreviations</h3> leaf relative water content: RWC, superoxide dismutase activity: SOD, peroxidase activity: POD, proline content: Pro, photosynthetic rates: Pn, stomatal conductance: Cond, transpiration rates: Tr.; quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction: qPCR; abscisic acid; ABA; polyethylene glycol :PEG; Principal component analysis :PCA; polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis :PAGE <h3>Highlight</h3> The study of physiology and molecular mechanism of maize laid a theoretical foundation for drought resistance breeding under drought stress and re-watering.
Hypercholesterolemia After Administration of Bromide
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Biochemical Markers Associated with the Stages of Promotion and Progression during Hepatocarcinogenesis in the Rat
Authors: H. C. Pitot, Y. Dragan, L. Sargent, Y.H. Xu
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1991)

Specific biochemical changes occurring during hepatocarcinogenesis have been sought by many investigators. The development of multistage models for hepatocarcinogenesis in the rodent has renewed interest in such marker alterations in preneoplastic as well as neoplastic hepatocytes. Preneoplastic altered hepatic foci (AHF) exhibit specific histomorphologic changes as viewed with tinctorial stains and show a variety of biochemical changes as evidenced by enzyme and immunohistochemistry and by other histochemical markers. During the reversible stage of promotion when AHF are scored by multiple markers, the distribution of markers within these lesions differs with the use of different promoting agents. One interpretation of this finding is that each promoting agent stimulates the replication of a set of initiated cells exhibiting the phenotypic characteristics of a specific programmed phenotype. The same markers score AHF during the stage of progression, but many AHF in this stage are phenotypically heterogeneous, exhibiting in tissue sections a "focus-in-focus" pattern of marker alteration. These latter changes can be correlated with the appearance of karyotypic alterations in preneoplastic hepatocytes. On the other hand, it has been difficult to demonstrate the activation, either mutational or transcriptional, of proto-oncogenes until this stage of progression in rat hepatocarcinogenesis. Thus, a study of biochemical and molecular markers during the stages of hepatocarcinogenesis may lead to a better understanding of potential mechanisms involved in the development of neoplasia through the stages of initiation, promotion, and progression.
RENAL CREPITATION
Journal: JAMA (1922)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
LONDON
Journal: JAMA (1933)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal