tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Empathy
Authors: Jacques Padawer
Journal: JAMA (1991)

I joined my parents for lunch at the nursing home. Father's spirits were down, and I hoped a little extra attention might help. Mother, 93 years old, was left without speech after several small strokes. Father, 94, has hyalinosis, a degenerative brain disease, and perhaps a touch of Alzheimer's; his short-term memory is virtually nil, his judgment often wanting. Vigorous for his age until he broke a hip four months ago, he fights the wheelchair, the absorbent underwear, and the physical restraint placed on him during times when the staff is too busy to watch him like hawks lest he involve my mother in actions that would endanger them both. He bitterly denounced the nursing home to me, saying it was "sadistic and a prison." He begged me to bring him poison to end it all. "For both of us," he added firmly, alluding to Mother. Having lunch with them
Healthcare professionals must be perceived as caring
Authors: P. Buss
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Two week rule for cancer referralsReducing waiting times from diagnosis to treatment might be more effectiveEditor-In their editorial on the two week rule for cancer referrals Jones et al discuss the fact that steps to meet the target for "urgent" referrals have led to a doubling of waiting time for "routine" cases. 1 This is exactly the result we would expect from our calculations modelling waiting times with a Monte Carlo model based on Poisson fluctuations in demand. 2 To sustain a waiting time below two weeks, capacity needs to exceed mean demand by approximately two patients a week for a wide range of values of mean demand.This applies to any appointment, including those for diagnostic and staging procedures, as well as for treatment.Applying this excess capacity to a subgroup of urgent referrals is inherently less efficient than applying it to reduce the waits for all patients.If a fast track for urgent referrals is created by transferring resources from routine cases, this is likely to lead to demand exceeding capacity for routine cases and hence to ever increasing waiting times.These calculations assume that variations are due to random fluctuations in a constant demand, which is an effective model for oncology referrals. 2There is some evidence from dermatology that reductions in waiting times lead to increase in demand, negating the benefit of increased resources. 3t might also apply to referrals for suspected cancer, in which case the extra capacity required will exceed our calculations.This effect should not apply to the number of cases of diagnosed cancer, which will be limited by the incidence of the disease.This suggests that resources may be more effectively targeted at reducing the waiting times from diagnosis to treatment than on reducing the time from referral by a general practitioner to diagnosis.
Dietary Supplements
Authors: George M. Briggs
Journal: JAMA (1987)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The recent report entitled "Vitamin Preparations as Dietary Supplements and as Therapeutic Agents"<sup>1</sup>is described as an update of the one published 28 years ago.<sup>2</sup>This new version is an important document and undoubtedly will be widely read. We offer our comments with the hope that the report will be updated in the near future. Perhaps future versions could be published first in a preliminary form with an invitation for comments from concerned health professionals at large. In the area of vitamins as dietary supplements, the point is made several times that "healthy adult men and... women consuming a usual, varied diet do not need vitamin supplements." This statement, which appears—unqualified—in the report's abstract, is not sufficient dietary advice. A varied diet is adequate only when "care is exercised in food selection."<sup>3</sup>The reason why we have registered dietitians, nutrition educators, school food-service programs,
A Critique of Sublimation in Males: A Study of Forty Superior Single Men.
Journal: JAMA (1933)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Monitoring Kidney Function in Type 2 Diabetic Patients With Incipient and Overt Diabetic Nephropathy
Authors: Peter Rossing, Kasper Rossing, Peter Gæde, Oluf Pedersen, Hans-Henrik Parving
Journal: Diabetes Care (2006)

OBJECTIVE—The purpose of this study was to assess agreement between glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and the decline in GFR estimated with the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) Study Group equation or the Cockcroft-Gault formula and measured by the plasma clearance of 51Cr-EDTA. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—We followed a cohort of 156 microalbuminuric type 2 diabetic patients for 8 years with four measurements of GFR and another cohort of 227 type 2 diabetic patients with overt diabetic nephropathy for 6.5 (range 3–17) years with seven (3–22) measurements of GFR. RESULTS—For patients with microalbuminuria, mean ± SD baseline GFR was 117 ± 24 measured, 92 ± 20 estimated (MDRD equation), or 103 ± 24 ml · min−1 per 1.73 m2 estimated (Cockcroft-Gault formula) (both P &amp;lt; 0.001); 95% limits of agreement were −66.1 to 20.3 (MDRD equation) and −58.7 to 30.7 (Cockcroft-Gault formula). The rate of decline in GFR was 4.1 ± 4.2 measured, 2.9 ± 2.8 estimated (MDRD equation), or 3.4 ± 3.2 ml · min−1 per 1.73 m2 estimated (Cockcroft-Gault formula) (both P &amp;lt; 0.001). For patients with overt nephropathy, baseline GFR was 84 ± 30 measured, 73 ± 24 estimated (MDRD equation), or 81 ± 28 ml · min−1 per 1.73 m2 estimated (Cockcroft-Gault formula) (both P &amp;lt; 0.001) with 95% limits of agreement −47 to 25 (MDRD equation) and −39 to 33 (Cockcroft-Gault formula). The rate of decline in GFR was 5.2 ± 4.1 measured, 4.2 ± 3.8 estimated (MDRD equation), and 4.6 ± 4.1 ml · min−1 per 1.73 m2 estimated (Cockcroft-Gault formula) (both P &amp;lt; 0.001). CONCLUSIONS—Particularly in microalbuminuric (hyperfiltering) patients, GFR is significantly underestimated with wide limits of agreement by the MDRD equation as well as by the Cockcroft-Gault formula. The rate of decline in GFR is also significantly underestimated with both equations. This makes GFR estimations based upon these equations unacceptable for monitoring kidney function in type 2 diabetic patients with incipient and overt diabetic nephropathy.
Transcriptional and Post-Translational Regulation Of The Bcl-2 Family By IL-6 Mediates Resistance To ABT-737 In Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Vikas A. Gupta, Shannon M. Matulis, Jason E. Conage-Pough, Ajay K. Nooka, Jonathan L. Kaufman, Sagar Lonial, Lawrence H. Boise
Journal: Blood (2013)
Isolated rupture of the right hemidiaphragm with eventration of the liver
Authors: N. W. Salomon
Journal: JAMA (1979)

DIAPHRAGMATIC rupture secondary to blunt trauma has been estimated to occur in approximately 4.5% of patients with several injuries. Lacerations of the left diaphragm are ten to 20 times more common than those on the right side; the difference is often attributed to the protection afforded the right hemidiaphragm by the dome of the right lobe of the liver.<sup>1</sup>Most series report a high incidence of associated injuries,<sup>1,2</sup>notably to the pelvis, spine, brain, and extremities, as well as to the intraabdominal organs. Early diagnosis is often delayed because of the extent of the associated injuries or because of a low index of suspicion. In the acute phase, the diagnosis of rupture of the right hemidiaphragm can be more difficult, as herniation of the liver may often be mistaken for merely an elevated intact diaphragm. We report a case of isolated rupture of the right hemidiaphragm secondary to
Diagnosis of hepatic nodules 20 mm or smaller in cirrhosis: Prospective validation of the noninvasive diagnostic criteria for hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Ze-Zhou Song
Journal: Hepatology (2008)

I read with great interest the study by Forner et al.,1 which validates the American Association for the Study of Liver Disease guidelines. The methods and interpretation of the results, however, raise several concerns. It is well known that the biopsy of small nodular lesions in cirrhosis is not entirely reliable. In fact, needle placement may be difficult and a sampling error may occur. Moreover, it is very difficult to distinguish well-differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) from dysplasia nodules on small biopsy specimens, because there is not a clear-cut dividing line between a dysplasia nodule and a well-differentiated tumor.2, 3 In the study by Forner et al.,1 however, a biopsy result was considered the gold standard, and the pathologic results of surgical samples in 60 HCC nodules were not well described. Were the abovementioned factors taken into account in the results of the study by Forner et al.?1 It is well known that cirrhosis is characterized by fibrous septa and many regenerative nodules. These features produce a coarse pattern on ultrasound, which may impair identification of small tumors.3 In the discussion of the study by Forner et al.,1 however, the authors stated that if they recruited patients with multiple nodules, the prevalence of HCC might have been higher. In fact, the patients with multiple nodules had commonly more regenerative nodules than HCC nodules. That is to say, if the authors recruited patients with multiple nodules, the prevalence of HCC might have been lower and the study would have validated the American Association for the Study of Liver Disease guidelines more effectively. Therefore, could the diagnosis of HCC nodules 20 mm or smaller be established without a positive biopsy if both contrast-enhanced ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging are conclusive in patients with multiple nodules or a sole nodule? Ze-Zhou Song M.S.*, * Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
VACCINATION OF SCHOOL CHILDREN.
Journal: JAMA (1895)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Sexual behavior, smoking, and HIV-1 infection in Haitian Women
Authors: N. A. Halsey
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To determine whether a previously observed association between human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection and smoking in Haitian women could be explained by confounding high-risk behaviors. <h3>Design and Setting.</h3> —A nested case-control study at a primary care health clinic in Cité Soleil, Haiti. <h3>Participants.</h3> —Women who reported having smoked (n=89) and randomly selected nonsmokers (n = 329) who had participated in a survey 1 to 12 months earlier evaluating risk factors for HIV-1 infection. <h3>Main Outcome Measures.</h3> —Lifetime sexual practices, smoking, health beliefs and practices, and other factors potentially confounding the relationship between smoking and HIV-1 infection. <h3>Results.</h3> —Compared with nonsmokers, smokers reported higher rates of high-risk behaviors, including more lifetime sex partners (<i>P</i>&lt;.001), being less likely to be married (<i>P</i>&lt;.01), and being more likely to have visited folk healers (<i>P</i>&lt;.01). No intravenous drug use was reported, and no significant differences were noted between smokers and nonsmokers in numbers of past surgical or dental procedures or injections. Adjustment for all factors associated with HIV-1 infection and smoking in regression analyses revealed an independent association between smoking and HIV-1 infection (odds ratio [OR], 3.4; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.6 to 7.5). Other factors associated with HIV-1 infection included having more than two lifetime sex partners (OR, 3.4; 95% CI, 1.7 to 6.8) and lower socioeconomic status as reflected by a dirt floor in the home (OR, 8.6; 95% CI, 3.3 to 22.0). <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —Smoking is a marker for high-risk sexual behavior and is associated with an increased risk of HIV-1 infection in this population. The persistent association between smoking and HIV-1 infection after adjustment for all known risk factors suggests the possibility of a biologic effect of smoking that warrants further evaluation in other populations. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1992;267:2062-2066)
LONDON
Journal: JAMA (1942)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
NCI Monographs No. 8
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1989)

Journal Article NCI Monographs No. 8: Smokeless Tobacco Use in the United States Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 81, Issue 13, 5 July 1989, Page 1050, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/81.13.1050 Published: 05 July 1989
American Hert Journal, St. Louis
Journal: JAMA (1970)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Risks of dependence on benzodiazepine drugs.
Journal: BMJ (1989)

authority populations as being crucial to success.To ensure that the new health service works for populations as well as for individual patients a director of public health must be an executive member of every new health authority, alongside the general manager and the finance director.Otherwise, directors of public health and health authorities will be unable to fulfil all the requirements of HC(88)64 and the white paper.
Abstract GS6-06: Identifying metastatic drivers in patient-derived xenograft models of triple negative breast cancer
Authors: E Powell, J Shao, HM Picon, Z Ge, GV Echeverria, M Peoples, C Bristow, S Cai, Y Tu, AM McCoy, D Piwnica-Worms, G Draetta, JR Edwards, SL Moulder, WF Symmans, TP Heffernan, H Liang, H Piwnica-Worms
Journal: Cancer Research (2018)

Abstract Metastases are responsible for the vast majority of deaths due to breast cancer. Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype of breast cancer characterized by high rates of metastasis and poor prognosis. We are employing patient derived xenograft (PDX) models of TNBC to identify drivers of metastasis. Tumor samples are obtained from the breast tumors of patients with TNBC and engrafted immediately into the humanized mammary fat pads of immune compromised mice. Lentiviral transduction was employed to express bioluminescent and fluorescent markers in two independent PDX models of TNBC. Using these models, we demonstrated that human breast tumors are capable of completing all stages of the metastatic cascade in mice, and metastatic lesions are observed in organs normally found in patients with metastatic breast cancer including lung, liver, bone, brain, and lymph nodes. Dynamic and reversible epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) was observed as tumors metastasized to lung and were re-passaged to recipient mouse mammary glands. Lung metastases were isolated using bioluminescence imaging and lung metastasis gene expression signatures were generated. Metastasis signatures from two independent PDX models were compared to identify genes that were commonly de-regulated in lung metastases relative to corresponding mammary tumors. Comprehensive gain-of-function screens were then conducted in vivo to identify functional drivers of TNBC metastasis. Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 5 (CEACAM5) was identified as a metastatic driver in this screen. CEACAM5 mRNA and protein levels were elevated in lung metastases relative to corresponding mammary gland tumors in mice. In addition, we demonstrated that CEACAM5 expression was upregulated in the lung metastases of breast cancer patients, and its expression inversely correlated with patient survival. Our data indicate that the metastatic function of CEACAM5 is to promote growth of breast tumors in the lung by inducing MET (mesenchymal to epithelial transition). Citation Format: Powell E, Shao J, Picon HM, Ge Z, Echeverria GV, Peoples M, Bristow C, Cai S, Tu Y, McCoy AM, Piwnica-Worms D, Draetta G, Edwards JR, Moulder SL, Symmans WF, Heffernan TP, Liang H, Piwnica-Worms H. Identifying metastatic drivers in patient-derived xenograft models of triple negative breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2017 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2017 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(4 Suppl):Abstract nr GS6-06.
King's College Hospital Reports; being the Annual Report of King's College Hospital in the Medical Department of King's College.
Journal: JAMA (1895)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Cecil Textbook of Medicine
Authors: Frank D. Gray
Journal: JAMA (1988)

On reading the first sentence of the preface to the<i>Cecil Textbook of Medicine</i>we are warned that "Medicine is forever mutable." This should not surprise us. New diagnostic techniques and therapeutic agents frequently appear before we get to know the old ones, and our understanding of the cellular basis of disease undergoes similar continual revision. These man-made discoveries, however, are only part of the torrent of new scientific information. Sometimes changes in the biosphere result in devastating effects on medicine. An example is the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: AIDS was not mentioned at all in the 1982 (16th) edition of this text and first appeared as an important but brief entry in the 1985 (17th) edition. It occupies a major space allocation in the present edition. Because of this glut of new facts and concepts, the proper frequency of textbook revisions becomes a critical matter for both authors and readers.
Cardiac Transplants
Authors: Helen B. Taussig
Journal: JAMA (1968)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> The successful cardiac transplant by Christiaan N. Barnard, MD, on Dec 3, 1967, aroused interest and admiration throughout the world. His success was, however, followed by unsuccessful attempts in this country. What have we learned? First, Dr. Barnard's operation required a large and highly skillful team. His initial success was the culmination of ten years of hard work. His second successful transplant clearly showed that he had the surgical and technical knowledge necessary. Second, the death of his first patient, 19 days after the operation, clearly showed that more knowledge of organ rejection and immune responses is urgently needed. Third, the unsuccessful attempts in our country spelled caution to everyone. The need of careful selection of the patient and the matching of donor with recipient are of prime importance. The best chance of success can scarcely lie in the transplantation of the heart of a small woman