tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic and prognostic significance of the IgM antibody to the hepatitis delta virus
Authors: P. Farci
Journal: JAMA (1986)

The IgM class antibody to the hepatitis delta virus (HDV) was determined in different clinical categories of hepatitis B surface antigen carriers infected by the HDV (positive in the test for total antibody to HDV). The IgM antibody was found at high titers in each of 70 patients with inflammatory liver disease and at a low titer in one of six patients with inactive cirrhosis; it was not found in eight carriers with normal liver histology. The IgM antibody persisted in high titer over many years in patients with unremitting or progressive liver disease, but declined or disappeared before the homologous IgG antibody in the patients whose disease improved or resolved. Testing for IgM antibody to HDV distinguishes hepatitis B surface antigen carriers who have underlying inflammatory HDV liver disease from those with past HDV infection and provides prognostic information on the course of chronic HDV hepatitis. (<i>JAMA</i>1986;255:1443-1446)
In This Issue
Journal: Circulation Research (2011)

Intramyocardial Stem Cell Injections in Patients (p 792)Preliminary clinical trial data suggest that bone marrow cells can fix damaged hearts, report Williams et al.After a heart attack, scarring to the cardiac muscle reduces its contractility and can lead to heart enlargement (hypertrophy) and failure.Recent research has focused on attempts to repair such damage by cell replacement therapy.A number of different cell types have been tried, and bone marrow-derived progenitors are a favorite due to their relative accessibility and differentiation capacity.However, injections of bone marrow progenitors into patients' hearts have shown only modest improvements in the ejection fraction of the heart.Williams et al now report that ejection fraction might not be the best parameter to measure functional improvement.Using state of the art imaging technology to assess different parameters, they found that bone marrow-derived progenitors work better than thought.Eight patients' hearts were injected with progenitor cells derived from their own bone marrow, and after just 3 months, improvements were observed in infarct size and contractility.By 6 months, improvements in the chamber dimensions of the hearts were also seen, suggesting that reverse remodeling had occurred.This reduction in chamber volumes might, in part, account for the apparently modest improvement in the ejection fraction, say the authors.Encouragingly, these results pave an optimistic path for future bone marrow progenitor trials.
The Nuremberg Code
Journal: JAMA (1996)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Lipid vs Protein Theories of Alcohol Action in the Nervous System
Authors: R. W. Peoples
Journal: The Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology (1996)

Lipid vs Protein Theories of Alcohol Action in the Nervous System, Page 1 of 1 < Previous page | Next page > /docserver/preview/fulltext/pharmtox/36/1/annurev.pa.36.040196.001153-1.gif
A Prospective Study of Cigarette Smoking and Risk of Colorectal Adenoma and Colorectal Cancer in U.S. Men
Authors: E. Giovannucci, E. B. Rimm, M. J. Stampfer, G. A. Colditz, A. Ascherio, J. Kearney, W. C. Willett
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1994)

Epidemiologic studies of men consistently demonstrate a positive association between tobacco smoking and risk of colorectal adenomas, precursors of cancer, but have not consistently shown an association between smoking and colorectal cancer. We hypothesized that smoking acts as an initiator of colorectal neoplasia and that the association with cancer has been obscured because the time is long between onset of smoking and diagnosis of cancer. Our purpose was to examine the association between cigarette smoking and risk of colorectal adenoma and colorectal cancer in men and to estimate the minimum induction period between the start of smoking and the diagnosis of cancer. Using data from the ongoing Health Profesionals Follow-up Study, we assessed the relative risk (RR) of small adenoma, large adenoma (≥1cm), and cancer according to pack-years of smoking. Current and lifetime histories of smoking and other confounding factors were assessed by questionnaire at baseline and at 2-years intervals. Between 1986 and 1992, we documented 238 new cases of colorectal cancer among 47935 U.S. males and 626 new cases of colorectal adenomas among 12854 of the men who had a sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy. Smoking during the prior two decades was associated with the prevalence of small adenomas (RR = 2.96; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.47–5.98; for ≥35 pack-years versus 0 pack-years within the 20 years preceding the endoscopy, P trend =.04) but not with large adenomas (RR = 0.46; 95% CI = 0.11–1.94; P trend =.56). However, smoking more than 20 years in the past was associated with large adenomas (RR = 2.38; 95% CI = 1.56–3.63; P trend =.004 for smoking ≥16 pack-years versus 0 pack-years). Smoking was related to risk of colorectal cancer only after allowing for an induction period of at least 35 years (RR = 1.94; 95% CI = 1.13–3.35; P trend =.008 for smoking ≥16 versus 0 pack-years more than 35 years in the past). Smoking in the prior 20 years has a strong relation to small colorectal adenomas, smoking at least 20 years in the past is related to larger adenomas, and the induction period for colorectal cancers is at least 35 years. Our results highlight the need to intensify efforts to prevent smoking, especially among the young, and suggest a reduced threshold for screening for colorectal cancer among long-term smokers. [J Natl Cancer Inst 86:183–191, 1994]
Unreviewed Reports
Authors: K Drummond
Journal: BMJ (1984)

Anticholinergic intoxication syndrome: potentiation by ethanol A 33 year old man with no previous psychological problems or recent stresses presented after drinking three pints of beer over 2 5 hours.He was incoherent and disorientated for time, place, and person, with loss of short term memory, attention, and concentra- tion.He showed anxiety, tachycardia, and mild fever.After 24 hours, with supportive measures, he had recovered completely except for a peripresentation amnesia lasting 12 hours.He informed us of consuming over the 18 hours before presentation 12 tablets of Norgesic, each containing orphenadrine citrate 35 mg and parace- tamol 450 mg.Anticholinergics are known to cause intoxication.'Potentiation by ethanol probably occurred here.
Unreviewed Reports
Authors: K Lyons, E Fitzgerald
Journal: BMJ (1986)

An unusual femoral herniaA groin swelling diagnosed as a femoral hernia in a 21 year old nurse was found at operation to be vascular.Arteriography showed a pseudoaneurysm with a small arteriovenous fistula.Eight years previously an ipsilateral femoral artery and vein catheterisation had been performed.Local complications of femoral catheterisation requiring surgical intervention are rare and may present after many years.'Difficult and prolonged procedures and large haematoma predispose to pseudoaneurysm, and ipsilateral artery and vein catheterisation predispose to arteriovenous fistula.-
Peritoneal Dialysis
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Splanchnic transplantation. An approach to the infant dependent on parenteral nutrition who develops irreversible liver disease
Authors: J. W. Williams
Journal: JAMA (1989)

Two infants with short-bowel syndrome and liver failure associated with obligatory parenteral nutrition received a composite allograft that consisted of en bloc liver, stomach, duodenum, pancreas, jejunum, and ileum. Solutions to the fatal complications in the first case resulted in a functioning composite splanchnic system in the second case. Despite a number of early complications, the small intestine and liver developed near-normal function until a monoclonal, malignant, B-cell lymphoproliferative disorder appeared. The analysis of these two cases supports three summary observations: the operative procedure can be safely performed in a metabolically compromised infant; intestinal allograft rejection, in this model, is controllable with existing immunosuppressive drugs; and this procedure appears to be associated with a uniquely high incidence of lymphoma. Since transplantation is a feasible solution to this devastating infantile disease, further development of this therapy must incorporate means of preventing lymphoma. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1989;261:1458-1462)
POSTURAL HYPOTENSION IN THE GUILLAIN-BARRÉ SYNDROME
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Role of Lime in the Generation of Reactive Oxygen Species from Betel-Quid Ingredients
Authors: Urmila J. Nair, Gunter Obe, Marlin Friesen, Mark T. Goldberg, Helmut Bartsch
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1992)

The role of lime in the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), i.e., O2-., H2O2, and OH., from betel-quid components (extracts of areca nut and catechu) was investigated in vitro using a chemiluminescence technique and an assay for oxidative DNA damage involving analysis of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine. Of the various areca-nut extracts, the catechin fraction, at alkaline pH, was shown to be the most active producer of ROS. The free Ca(OH)2 content and pH of lime samples (a component of betel quid and chewing tobacco) were highly correlated with the generation of ROS from areca-nut extract in vitro and with oxidative base damage to DNA in vitro. While Fe2+ had an enhancing effect on ROS formation, Mg2+ had a marked inhibitory effect. The cytogenetic effects of ROS generated in vivo were measured in Syrian golden hamsters in which the cheek pouch had been painted with lime and an areca-nut extract or catechu, singly or in combination. The frequency of micronucleated cells was increased only in animals that had received both the areca-nut extract and lime. The frequency of micronucleated cells in exfoliated oral mucosal cells from Indian chewers of betel quid with tobacco containing lime or of tobacco with lime was significantly higher than in a control (no habit) group. These studies demonstrate that addition of lime to betel quid constituents generates ROS, which induce cytogenetic damage in hamster cheek pouch and may contribute to the cytogenetic damage observed in the oral cavity of betel-quid chewers. These results implicate ROS in clastogenesis and probably in the etiology of oral cancer.
Confronting multidrug resistance. A role for each of us
Authors: S. B. Levy
Journal: JAMA (1993)

SCIENTIFIC journals, an Institute of Medicine study, newspapers, and magazines report the reappearance of "old" pathogens as major clinical problems worldwide.<sup>1-3</sup>In particular,<i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>and<i>Plasmodium falciparum</i>have been cited. In fact, this reemergence includes a diverse group of infectious organisms that have a common feature— multidrug resistance. Soon after penicillin was introduced into clinical practice, physicians became keenly aware that the bacteria being attacked, namely the staphylococci, were not going to succumb easily to this antibiotic and, in retrospect, to many others. Their "resistance" was linked to a gene that coded for an enzyme, penicillinase, which destroyed penicillin. To complicate matters, the gene was not carried on the chromosome, as was expected, but instead, resided on a self-replicating extrachromosomal DNA unit—what we now call a plasmid. Plasmids are not novel elements limited to only certain bacteria. They are common components of the total genetic composition of most,
Special Studies
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Electronic Records
Authors: Tracy Hampton
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
THE RUSH MONUMENT FUND.
Journal: JAMA (1889)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Reports to the Membership
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2019)

ciation, the American College of Emergency Physicians, the American College of Surgeons, the American College of Physicians, and the Annals of Internal Medicine, to name a few. New Committee on Well-being and BurnoutAt the July 2018 Board of Trustees meeting, the Board approved the formation of a Committee on Well-being and Burnout, under the Council on Medical Education and Lifelong Learning, as a permanent home for the efforts that were undertaken by the Board of Trustees' Ad Hoc Work Group on Well-being and Burnout.The workgroup completed its primary deliverables, which included the following: an online resource center, an online self-assessment tool, a series of articles in Psychiatric News, a Well-being Ambassador slide deck and manual, and a series of sessions at the 2018 APA Annual Meeting and IPS: Mental Health Services Conference.Nearly 2,000 individuals have completed the online burnout assessments.
Book Review Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology. A Key for the Identification of Organisms of the Class Schizomycetes . By David H. Bergey, assisted by a committee of the Society of American Bacteriologists (Francis C. Harrison, Robert S. Breed, Bernard W. Hammer, Frank M. Huntoon) with an Index by Robert S. Breed. Third Edition, 1930. The Williams &amp; Wilkins Company, Baltimore. Price $6.00.
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1931)
Contents
Authors: Henry Jampel, The Baerveldt, Keith Barton, Steven Gedde, Donald Budenz, William Feuer, Joyce Schiffman, Ahmed Baerveldt, Vital Costa, David Godfrey, Yvonne Buys, Tetsuya Yamamoto, Yasuaki Kuwayama, Thomas Samuelson, L Katz, Jeffrey Wells, Yi-Jing Duh, Jane Giamporcaro, Andrew Scott, Aachal Kotecha, Catey Bunce, Miltos Balidis, David Garway-Heath, Michael Miller, Richard Wormald, Monisha Nongpiur, Mingguang He, Nishani Amerasinghe, David Friedman, Wan-Ting Tay, Mani Baskaran, Scott Smith, Paul Greenberg, Victoria Tseng, Wen-Chih Wu, Jeffrey Liu, Lan Jiang, Christine Chen, Ingrid Scott, Peter Friedmann, Johan Germundsson, Neil Lagali, Philip Rosenfeld, Howard Shapiro, Lisa Tuomi, Mary Webster, Julee Elledge, Barbara Blodi, Varsha Manjunath, Heeral Shah, James Fujimoto, Jay Duker
Journal: Ophthalmology (2011)
Multicenter phase I/II trial of BBI608 and pembrolizumab combination in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (SCOOP Study): EPOC1503.
Authors: Yasutoshi Kuboki, Akihito Kawazoe, Yoshito Komatsu, Tomohiro Nishina, Eiji Shinozaki, Hiroki Hara, Satoshi Yuki, Miki Fukutani, Natsuko Tsukahara, Hiromi Hasegawa, Nami Hirano, Shogo Nomura, Yosuke Togashi, Hiroyoshi Nishikawa, Akihiro Sato, Atsushi Ohtsu, Takayuki Yoshino
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

TPS3623 Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) was reported to show durable responses in patients with MSI-H (Microsatellite Instability-High) metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). On the other hand, for patients with MSS (Microsatellite Stable) mCRC, ICI monotherapy achieved no response. Recently, WNT/β-catenin signaling has been reported to be involved in the elimination of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and the resistance of anti-PD-L1 antibodies. CRC is representative cancer with WNT/β-catenin pathway activation. Furthermore, STAT3 has also been reported to be a key driver of this immune evasion. Considering these rationales, the blocking of these signaling pathways with ICI may enhance antitumor immune response. Therefore, we initiated phase I/II study to assess efficacy and safety for the combination of BBI608, which blocks STAT3 and WNT/β-catenin signaling, with pembrolizumab in patients with mCRC. Methods: The eligibility criteria were patients with gastrointestinal cancer not responded to or intolerant of standard chemotherapies (SOC) for phase I part, and MSS mCRC refractory or intolerant to fluoropyrimidine, irinotecan, oxaliplatin, and anti-EGFR antibody (if wild-type RAS) for Cohort B in phase II part. For Cohort A, MSI-H mCRC refractory or intolerant to the SOC, irrespective of anti-EGFR antibody are investigated. Phase I part was designed to determine the recommended phase II dose in a “3+3” cohort-based dose escalation design of BBI608 (240mg BID every day on level 1 and 480mg BID every day on level 2) with pembrolizumab (200mg/body q3w). Primary endpoint of the phase II part is Immune-related objective response rate (irORR) determined by their Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors (irRECIST). A null hypothesis and alternative hypothesis for cohort B are irORR = 5% and 20%, respectively. Required sample size for Cohort B was 40 with a one-sided alpha of 5% and power of 90%. Required sample size for Cohort A (10 patients) was determined in an exploratory manner. We also investigate biomarker study using paired samples of both tumor biopsy and blood. The enrollment to phase I part began in November 2016. Clinical trial information: NCT02851004. Clinical trial information: NCT02851004.