tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effect of denosumab on prolonging bone-metastasis-free survival (BMFS) in men with nonmetastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) presenting with aggressive PSA kinetics.
Authors: Matthew R. Smith, Fred Saad, Neal D. Shore, Stephane Oudard, Kurt Miller, Bertrand Tombal, Paul Sieber, Karim Fizazi, Peter J. Van Veldhuizen, Ronaldo Damião, Gavin M. Marx, Juan Morote, Amy Feng, Roger Dansey, Carsten Dietrich Goessl
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

6 Background: Denosumab, an anti-RANK-ligand monoclonal antibody, has been shown to prolong BMFS by a median 4.2 months and with a 15% risk reduction vs. placebo in men with non-metastatic CRPC and baseline PSA value ≥ 8.0 ng/mL and/or PSA doubling time (DT) ≤ 10.0 months. To determine the efficacy of denosumab in men at greatest risk for bone metastases, we evaluated BMFS in a subset of men with PSADT &lt; 6 months, a cutoff based on a previous report (Smith MR, et al: J Clin Oncol. 23:2918-2925, 2005). Methods: 1432 men with non-metastatic CRPC (baseline [median] PSA: 12.3 ng/mL, PSADT: 5.1 months, ADT duration: 47.1 months) were randomized 1:1 to receive monthly subcutaneous denosumab 120 mg or placebo. The first patient enrolled February 2006; primary analysis cut-off was July 2010, when &gt; 660 men had developed bone metastasis or died. The primary endpoint was BMFS (time to first bone metastasis or death from any cause). BMFS results are presented for men with baseline PSADT &lt; 6 months. Results: Median BMFS in the placebo group of men with PSADT &lt; 6 months was 6.5 months shorter than for the placebo group in the full population (18.7 months vs. 25.2 months), indicating that these men are at particularly high risk. In this group of men with PSADT &lt; 6 months, denosumab prolonged BMFS by a median of 7.2 months and with a 23% reduction in risk compared with placebo (Table). Conclusions: Patients with shortened PSADT are at higher risk of developing bone metastasis and denosumab is markedly effective at prolonging BMFS in this subset of patients. [Table: see text]
<i>Notice to Readers:</i> New Web Location for Annual and Weekly NNDSS Data
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2017)

To improve the usability, availability, quality, and timeliness of surveillance data (1) as part of the CDC Surveillance Strategy, CDC will provide users with a convenient way to access notifiable infectious and noninfectious disease data through the National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System (NNDSS) website.CDC has redesigned the data and statistics section of the NNDSS website to be a one-stop shop for users to find both detailed information about notifiable disease data and links to the annual and weekly data.Although these data will no longer be published in their current format in MMWR, users can easily access the information through the NNDSS website.To ease the transition, MMWR also will link users from its website to the new location on the NNDSS website.
Characterization of antihypertensive therapy by whole-day blood pressure monitoring
Authors: M. A. Weber
Journal: JAMA (1988)

Whole-day ambulatory monitoring is used for diagnosing hypertension and for judging response to treatment. We evaluated both of these properties in an antihypertensive trial with the calcium channel blocker diltiazem hydrochloride. Measured by a conventional sphygmomanometer, systolic and diastolic blood pressures fell significantly in patients who received diltiazem, whereas no consistent changes occurred in those who received placebo. Administration of the drug also decreased systolic and diastolic blood pressures evenly throughout the day, as determined by automated monitoring. The 15 diltiazem-treated patients were subdivided into those whose clinically diagnosed hypertension was confirmed by pretreatment blood pressure monitoring (24-hour average diastolic blood pressure, ≥90 mm Hg; n=9) and those whose 24-hour blood pressures failed to meet this criterion (n=6). Diltiazem therapy decreased average whole-day blood pressures by 18/13 mm Hg in the hypertensives but by only 0/1 mm Hg in the others. Thus, whole-day blood pressure monitoring strengthens antihypertensive trials by documenting efficacy and duration of treatment. In addition, it enhances the diagnosis of hypertension, thereby identifying those patients in whom treatment seems justified. (<i>JAMA</i>1988;259:3281-3285)
THE PROPER RECOGNITION OF THE CLINICAL PATHOLOGIST
Journal: JAMA (1921)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Anticoagulantes in Fibrillation Atrial Chronic
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Pulmonary artery alteration with atrial fibrillation
Authors: L. Gould
Journal: JAMA (1969)

A 44-year-old man, with mitral valve disease and atrial fibrillation, underwent catheterization of the right and left sides of the heart. During exercise while the patient was in a supine position, the pulmonary artery pressure showed an alternation, while the left ventricular pressure did not. This case demonstrates that (1) alternation can occur even if there is atrial fibrillation, (2) alternation can occur irrespective of the sequence of electrical conduction, and (3) the alternation in the pulmonary artery pressure is probably due to an alternation in the number of cardiac fibers contributing to each systole and not to an alternation in end-diastolic volume.
Preoperative (preop) radiotherapy (RT) + 5FU/folinic acid (FA) in T3,4 rectal cancers: Preliminary results of the FFCD 9203 randomized trial
Authors: T. Conroy, F. Bonnetain, O. Chapet, O. Bouché, M. T. Closon Dejardin, M. Untereiner, B. Leduc, E. Francois, J. F. Bosset, J. P. Gérard
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

3626 Background: In 1992 preop RT was considered in France as the standard treatment for T3,4 rectal cancer. The aim of this trial was to investigate a potential survival (S) benefit by using concurrent chemotherapy (CT). Methods: Eligibility criteria included: rectal adenocarcinoma accessible to digital rectal examination, resectable T3,T4NxM0, < 80 years, written informed consent. According to stratification criteria (sex/ T3-T4/ tumoral localisation), 762 patients (pts) were randomized between RT alone and CT/RT to demonstrate a 10% benefit in 5 year S (from 52% to 62%). RT involved 45 Gy in 25 fractions/5 weeks (wks) with Xray ≥ 8 MV. Concurrent CT consisted of bolus 5FU 350 mg/m2 and FA 20 mg/m2 IV days 1–5 (FUFA) on wks 1 and 5. Surgery was performed 3 -10 wks later. Then all pts had to receive 4 adjuvant FUFA cycles. Results: Preliminary analysis was performed on 685 eligible pts included between 4/1993 -11/2003. Pts' clinical characteristics were well-balanced between arms: median age 61 years, m/f ratio 1.9, T3/T4 88.6%/11.4%. Out of 357 pts staged with transrectal ultrasound, 222 (62 %) were uN1–2. Full doses (+ 10%) of pre-op RT (both arms) and of pre-op FUFA (CT/RT arm) were given to 98 % and 86 % of pts respectively. The 4 adjuvant FUFA cycles were given to 73% of pts in both arms. Main preliminary results are given in the table below. Conclusions: Preop CT significantly increases toxicity and tumor sterilization (pCR) as compared to RT alone, but not sphincter preservation and postoperative mortality. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Factors Influencing the Occurrence of Circulating Malignant Cells in Lung Cancer
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 1680: Notch Signaling Directly Targets Msx2: Possible Role of Notch Signaling in Osteogenic Conversion of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells and Vascular Calcification
Authors: Takehisa Shimizu, Toru Tanaka, Tatsuya Iso, Masahiko Kurabayashi
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Vascular calcification is a prominent feature of atherosclerosis and closely correlated with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. In this study, we hypothesize that Notch signaling plays an important role in osteogenic conversion of smooth muscle cells (SMCs) and vascular calcification. &lt;Methods and Results&gt; Either Notch ligand-expressing cells or overexpression of Notch intracellular domains (NICDs) induced expression of Msx2, a key regulator of osteogenic conversion, in human aortic SMCs (HASMCs). In addition, overexpression of Notch1 intracellular domain (N1-ICD) markedly upregulated alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and matrix mineralization of HASMCs. A knockdown experiment with a small interfering RNA confirmed that Msx2, but not Runx2/Cbfa1, another key osteogenic transcription factor, is responsible for Notch1-induced osteogenic conversion of HASMCs. Furthermore, this Notch1-Msx2 pathway was independent of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2), an osteogenic morphogen upstream of Msx2. The transcriptional activity of the Msx2 promoter was significantly enhanced by Notch ligands stimulation, whereas it was abrogated by a specific Notch signaling inhibitor. The RBP-Jk binding element within the Msx2 promoter was critical to Notch1-induced Msx2 gene expression, and correspondingly, neither N1-ICD overexpression nor Notch ligands stimulation increase the Msx2 expression or transcriptional activity of the Msx2 promoter, respectively, in RBP-Jk-deficient fibroblasts. Immunohistochemistry of human artery specimens revealed colocalization of Notch1 and Msx2 within atherosclerotic plaques, indicating a role of Notch1-Msx2 pathway in vascular calcification in vivo. These results suggest that Notch signaling directly targets Msx2, thus accelerating osteogenic conversion of HASMCs and, as a result, a formation of vascular calcification.
From the Health Resources and Services Administration
Authors: R. G. Harmon
Journal: JAMA (1990)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
LEEDS UNIVERSITY
Authors: R. E. Tunbridge
Journal: BMJ (1954)

With an ageing population, older patients with non-ST elevation acute coronary syndrome are at higher risk of adverse outcomes but are far less likely to receive invasive revascularisation, contemporary antiplatelet therapy or drug-eluting stents than their younger counterparts. Accurate risk stratification in the older age groups may aid individualised decision-making with respect to identifying which patients will benefit most from invasive revascularisation, but more research is needed in this field. Based on current knowledge in this field, it would be appropriate following risk stratification to offer optimal medical therapy plus invasive care to older patients at high risk of future cardiovascular events but at low risk of complications and to offer optimal medical therapy alone to those who are deemed low risk of future events with high risk of developing procedural complications and severely frail patients.
The endotoxin, cytokine, and metabolic response to acute exercise in patients with chronic heart failure and healthy controls Mathias Rauchhaus, Hendrik B. Schmidt, Wolfram Doehner, Aidan Bolger, Rakesh Sharma, Michael Kemp, Stefan D. Anker, Ursula Muller-Werdan, Karl Werdan. Klinik f�r Innere Medizin III, Martin-Luther-Universit�t Halle-Wittenberg, Halle/Saale, Germany, Clinical Cardiology, NHLI, London, United Kingdom
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Use and interpretation of virological tests for hepatitis C
Authors: Jean-Michel Pawlotsky
Journal: Hepatology (2002)

Four virological markers of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection are used clinically for management of patients with hepatitis C, namely the HCV genotype, HCV RNA, HCV core antigen, and antibody to HCV (anti-HCV). The diagnosis of acute and chronic hepatitis C is based on both anti-HCV detection using enzyme immunoassays (EIA) and HCV RNA detection using a sensitive molecular biology-based technique. Other virological tools, including HCV genotype determination and HCV RNA quantification, are now used to tailor treatment to the individual patient and to determine its efficacy. This article reviews the kinetics of HCV markers during acute and chronic HCV infection, together with current assays and their practical use in the management of HCV-infected patients. (Hepatology 2002;36:S65-S73).
Clinical Judgment
Authors: David H. Spodick
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Medicine's historic endowment is bequeathed to us with encrustations of dogma and unquestioning selfsatisfaction. Contemporary medical effort, increasingly based on technology, has tended to discard bedside medicine as the product of the less desirable aspects of its past and not a fit subject for the precision such as we find in the laboratory. Society meetings increasingly concern themselves with the contents of glassware and electronic boxes. Feinstein has demolished these spurious cleavages and programmed the bedside science of medical practice and its symbiosis with laboratory art. The focus is the clinician and his patients. Feinstein demonstrates the clinician to be a uniquely discriminating, adaptable, and portable scientific apparatus that can also be calibrated. In a week of practice the clinician conducts more experiments than his laboratory colleagues do in a year. Yet, to bring to bear his indispensable judgment, the clinician must be prepared to deal with<i>variability</i>in his
Mental Deficiency Nursing (Simplified)
Journal: JAMA (1934)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Evaluation of Multiple Biomarkers of Cardiovascular Stress for Risk Prediction and Guiding Medical Therapy in Patients with Stable Coronary Disease
Authors: Marc S. Sabatine, David A. Morrow, James A. de Lemos, Torbjorn Omland, Sarah Sloan, Petr Jarolim, Scott D. Solomon, Marc A. Pfeffer, Eugene Braunwald
Journal: Circulation (2011)
Metabolic Fate of Foreign Compounds and Toxicity
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Is the Relationship Between Serum β-carotene and Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) Risk Confounded by Inflammation?
Authors: Thomas P. Erlinger, Eliseo Guallar, Rachael Stolzenberg-Solomon, Edgar R. Miller, Lawrence J. Appel
Journal: Circulation (2001)

P80 Background: In observational studies, low serum β-carotene levels have been associated with an increased risk of CVD and cancer. However, in clinical trials, supplementation of diet with β-carotene has had no benefit. This pattern of findings raises the possibility that confounding with other factors may explain the association of serum β-carotene with disease risk. Objective: To determine the association between serum β-carotene levels and markers of inflammation. Setting: 14,470 participants, ages 17 years and older, in NHANES III. Results: In multivariate models that adjusted for β-carotene intake and other factors associated with serum β-carotene, the geometric means of serum β-carotene for those with undetectable (&lt;0.22 mg/dl), mildly elevated (0.22-0.99 mg/dl) and clinically elevated (≥ 1.0 mg/dl) CRP were 18.0, 16.1 and 13.6 μg/dl in never smokers (P-value for trend &lt; 0.001), 18.1, 15.7 and 13.9 μg/dl in ex-smokers (P-value for trend &lt; 0.001), and 11.3, 10.2 and 9.4 ìg/dl in current smokers (P-value for trend &lt; 0.001). In corresponding analyses, WBC count was inversely related to serum β-carotene (P-value for trend &lt;0.05 in each group). Conclusions: Serum β-carotene is strongly and inversely related to systemic inflammation. These results suggest that the relationship between serum β-carotene and disease risk is confounded by inflammation, which itself is a risk factor for CVD and perhaps cancer. More broadly, these results highlight the potential limitations of using serum nutrient levels as a surrogate for dietary intake. Figure 1.
Mental Illness
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal