tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Frank Daly
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Pioneer of cervical screeningBetty Macgregor was the cytologist who made northeast Scotland the United Kingdom's first centre for systematic cervical screening.It was because of her published results that screening was taken up throughout the UK.She published important papers on many aspects of screening, including cervical cytology, the epidemiology of cervical cancer, improving the prognosis, cost effectiveness, cervical abnormalities in various subgroups of women, and the problems of false negative results.Her booklet Taking Uterine Cervical Smears (1982), published by the British Society of Clinical Cytology, sold 25 000 copies.Betty McPherson was born in Glasgow in 1920.When she was 7 her mother died from tuberculosis.Betty studied medicine at Glasgow University during the second world war, qualifying in 1943.She met Alastair Macgregor there, and they married a year later.She did her house jobs at Glasgow Royal Infirmary and Western General Hospital.During the next few years she raised their four children and worked part time in child welfare clinics.In 1958
The 35th Assembly of the World Medical Association
Authors: J. H. Sammons
Journal: JAMA (1984)

Delegates to the 35th World Medical Assembly (WMA) in Venice in October 1983 had the privilege of a private audience with the Pope at the Vatican following the close of the Assembly. The Pope referred to the work of the Assembly in his address, which is reprinted in full in this issue ofThe Journalalong with the remarks of Andre Wynen, MD, Secretary General of the World Medical Association, who spoke on behalf of the WMA during the audience. By way of background, the American Medical Association is a founding member of the WMA, which was organized in 1947. The AMA continues to provide leadership to the Association in cooperation with 40 other national medical associations. Member associations are joined together to work for the implementation of this purpose: To achieve the highest international standards in medical education, medical science, medical art, medical ethics, and health care for all
AN INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION OF BACTERIOLOGISTS.
Journal: JAMA (1895)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Relationship Between Antidepressant Prescription Rates and Rate of Early Adolescent Suicide
Authors: Robert D. Gibbons, Kwan Hur, Dulal K. Bhaumik, J. John Mann
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2006)

Objective: In 2002, 264 children and adolescents ages 5–14 died by suicide in the United States, the fifth leading cause of death. Of these suicides, 260 were in the 10–14 year age group, making suicide the third largest cause of death behind accidents and malignancy. Although 60% of suicides in the general population occur in the midst of a mood disorder, usually untreated, little is known about the relationship between treatment of mood disorders and youth suicide. The FDA recently linked adverse event reports of suicidal ideation among children and adolescents in randomized controlled trials to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and consequently required a change in labeling that included a black box warning regarding SSRI use for all age groups. Given that the age-adjusted suicide rate is about six times higher in 15–19 year olds compared with 10–14 year olds, the risk-benefit ratio may be different in younger children. Therefore, this study examined the association between antidepressant medication prescription rate and suicide rate in children ages 5–14 prior to the FDA findings by analyzing associations at the county level across the United States. Method: National county-level suicide rate data among children ages 5–14 were broken down by sex, income, and race during the period 1996–1998. National county-level antidepressant prescription rate data were expressed as number of pills prescribed per person. The primary outcome measure was the suicide rate in each county expressed as number of suicides for a given population size. Results: After adjustment for sex, race, income, access to mental health care, and county-to-county variability in suicide rates, higher SSRI prescription rates were associated with lower suicide rates in children and adolescents. Conclusions: The aggregate nature of these observational data precludes a direct causal interpretation of the results. More SSRI prescriptions are associated with lower suicide rates in children and may reflect antidepressant efficacy, treatment compliance, better quality mental health care, and low toxicity in the event of a suicide attempt by overdose.
Selling Sickness
Authors: Sue Sun Yom
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Experts Reveal National Plan for Injury Control
Authors: Andrew A. Skolnick
Journal: JAMA (1993)

THE NATION'S leading injury control experts recently unveiled a "groundbreaking" national plan for the prevention of injuries at the recent Second World Conference on Injury Control. The plan, which is described in a report entitled<i>Injury Control in the 1990s: A National Plan for Action</i>, includes 22 recommendations for the development and implementation of programs to prevent injuries in the United States along with a rationale for each recommendation. According to the report, the plan grew out of nearly 200 recommendations presented at the Third National Injury Control Conference, in Denver, Colo, April 1991. In designing the plan, priority was given to interventions for which there is urgent need, that are easily implemented, and that are known to work, say the plan's coordinators, Richard J. Waxweiler, PhD, Mark L. Rosenberg, MD, and Mary Ann Fenley of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC's) National Center for Injury Prevention and
Missing eTable
Authors: Douglas Johnson, Fei Ye, Anna Dewan
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2019)

Gayle S. Jameson, MSN, ACNP-BC, AOCN; Erkut Borazanci, MD; Hani M. Babiker, MD; Elizabeth Poplin, MD; Anna A. Niewiarowska, MD; Michael S. Gordon, MD; Michael T. Barrett, PhD; Adam Rosenthal, MS; Amy Stoll-D’Astice, MS, CCRP; John Crowley, PhD; Lynn Shemanski, PhD; Ron L. Korn, MD, PhD; Karen Ansaldo, PharmD; Leticia Lebron, RN; Ramesh K. Ramanathan, MD; Daniel D. Von Hoff, MD
Acetaldehyde and malondialdehyde react together to generate distinct protein adducts in the liver during long-term ethanol administration
Authors: D Tuma
Journal: Hepatology (1996)

Acetaldehyde and the lipid peroxidation-derived aldehyde malondialdehyde (MDA), are reactive compounds that are generated during ethanol metabolism in the liver, and both aldehydes have been shown to be capable of binding to proteins and forming stable adducts. Because similar concentrations of MDA and acetaldehyde can coexist in the liver during ethanol oxidation, protein adduct formation in the presence of both of these aldehydes was studied under both in vitro and in vivo conditions. When proteins were incubated in the presence of both MDA and acetaldehyde, MDA caused a marked and concentration-dependent increase in the stable binding of acetaldehyde to proteins. Maximum stimulation of binding occurred at approximately a fourfold molar excess of MDA relative to acetaldehyde when concentrations of 1.0 mmol/L and 0.1 mmol/L were tested. The formation of highly fluorescent product or products was associated with the MDA stimulation of acetaldehyde binding, indicating that new and distinct products were being generated. These hybrid adducts of MDA and acetaldehyde have been designated as MAA adducts. An affinity-purified polyclonal antibody was produced that specifically recognized MAA epitopes on proteins and did not cross-react with carrier proteins or proteins modified with either acetaldehyde or MDA alone. A quantitative competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed and detected the presence of MAA-modified proteins in liver cytosol from ethanol-fed rats but not in pair-fed controls. Quantification of the data from the competitive ELISA indicated the presence of approximately 75 pmoles protein-bound MAA per milligram liver cytosol proteins of the ethanol-fed animals. These results indicate that acetaldehyde and MDA can react together in a synergistic manner and generate hybrid adducts (MAA-adducts) and further suggest that MAA adducts may represent a major species of adducts formed in the liver during ethanol metabolism in vivo.
Reply:
Authors: Onpan Cheung, Arun J. Sanyal
Journal: Hepatology (2007)

We thank Dr. Targher, Dr. Manco, and their colleagues for their interest in our work. Both groups of investigators suggest that the existing literature and our observations regarding the correlation between the presence of dorsocervical lipohypertrophy (DCL) and severity of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) indicate a dysfunction of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis (HPA). We completely agree with this assessment and had indeed suggested that this possibility should be systematically evaluated.1 Although we agree with Dr. Targher that clinical assessment of DCL is somewhat subjective and thus suspect to variable interpretation, there are also no well-validated and universally accepted quantitative measures of the presence of DCL that perform better than subjective assessment alone. We would also like to point out that the issue is quite complex and requires consideration of several points: (1) Is HPA dysfunction a feature of the metabolic syndrome or a specific feature of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)? It is well known that several clock genes are affected in the metabolic syndrome and that the hypothalamus plays an important role in circadian rhythms.2 (2) Is HPA dysfunction required for the development of NAFLD, and does it contribute to the development of NASH? (3) What is the relationship of HPA dysfunction with the development of DCL? (4) How does DCL contribute to severity of NASH, for example, via cytokines, or is it simply a surrogate marker for more severe HPA dysfunction that drives NASH development or severity? These are currently the questions of greatest relevance in this area that need to be answered. We also agree that measurement of free cortisol and its suppression by dexamethasone may provide valuable information about HPA dysfunction in NAFLD. We would, however, caution that such studies must include evaluation of liver histology, which is the only reliable method for assessment of NASH severity. Finally, with respect to insulin resistance and cardiovascular risk profiles, we have reanalyzed our data as suggested by Dr. Manco. The waist circumference correlated with the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in both females (r = 0.66, P < 0.0001) and males (r = 0.43, P < 0.03), but the hip circumference correlated significantly with HOMA-IR in females only (r = 0.35, P < 0.008). In summary, we believe that the cumulative published data indicate that there is a subtle dysfunction of the HPA in NAFLD. These data raise several new questions that may provide important new information about the genesis of NAFLD and are thus worthy of investigation. Onpan Cheung M.D.*, Arun J. Sanyal M.D.*, * Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Medical College of Virginia, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.
Extensive Intraclonal Diversification in a Subgroup of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Patients with Stereotyped IGHV4-34/IGKV2-30 B cell Receptors: Implications for Ongoing Interactions with Antigen.
Authors: Lesley-Ann Sutton, Efterpi Kostareli, Anastasia Hadzidimitriou, Nikos Darzentas, Athanasios Tsaftaris, Achilles Anagnostopoulos, Richard Rosenquist, Kostas Stamatopoulos
Journal: Blood (2009)
Determinants of Molecular Reactivity as Criteria for Predicting Toxicity: Problems and Approaches
Authors: Harel Weinstein, James Rabinowitz, Michael N. Liebman, Roman Osman
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1985)

We discuss the physicochemical basis for mechanisms of action of toxic chemicals and theoretical methods that can be used to understand the relation to the structure of these chemicals. Molecular properties that determine the chemical reactivity of the compounds are proposed as parameters in the analysis of such structure-activity relationships and as criteria for predicting potential toxicity. The theoretical approaches include quantitative methods for structural superposition of molecules and for superposition of their reactivity characteristics. Applications to polychlorinated hydrocarbons are used to illustrate both rigid superposition methods, and methods that take advantage of structural flexibility. These approaches and their results are discussed and compared with methods that afford quantitative structural comparisons without direct superposition, with special emphasis on the need for efficient automated methods suitable for rapid scans of large structural data bases. Quantum mechanical methods for the calculation of molecular properties that can serve as reactivity criteria are presented and illustrated. Special attention is given to the electrostatic properties of the molecules such as the molecular electrostatic potential, the electric fields, and the polarizability terms calculated from perturbation expansions. The practical considerations related to the rapid calculation of these properties on relevant molecular surfaces (e.g., solvent- or reagent-accessible surfaces) are discussed and exemplified, stressing the special problems posed by the structural variety of toxic substances and the paucity of information on their mechanisms of action. The discussion leads to a rationale for the use of the combination of theoretical methods to reveal discriminant criteria for toxicity and to analyze the initial steps in the metabolic processes that could yield toxic products.
Jaundice and oxyphenisatin
Authors: G. McHardy
Journal: JAMA (1970)

Two middle-aged women were hospitalized with a similar, moderately severe illness consisting of fatigue, vague abdominal symptoms, and jaundice. Laboratory abnormalities consisted of elevated levels of serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), serum bilirubin, and serum alkaline phosphatase. Physical findings included mild hepatic enlargement and tenderness. Results of cholecystographic studies were normal. Each patient had been taking a laxative mixture containing oxyphenisatin acetate, dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate, and carboxymethylcellulose sodium (Dialose Plus) prior to the illness. Improvement followed fortuitous discontinuance of the Dialose Plus in both patients upon hospitalization. Clinical and laboratory relapse occurred, in both patients, shortly after resumption of Dialose Plus. Recovery seems to have followed final discontinuance of the medication.
Atomic Medicine
Journal: JAMA (1953)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Curriculum on Myocardial Infarction
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Relation of cardiac work to survival in cardiogenic shock in dogs
Authors: R. H. Dietzman
Journal: JAMA (1967)

In this study we have evaluated the effects of the pressure and volume components of myocardial work on survival in cardiogenic shock. Experimental cardiogenic shock was produced in dogs by a modification of a method first described by Agress.<sup>1</sup>Quantitative changes in blood pressure, cardiac output, peripheral resistance, and myocardial work were obtained in a group of control dogs before and after the production of shock. Similar hemodynamic measurements were obtained in groups of dogs receiving vasopressor, vasodilator, or volume expansion therapy. The survival rate in each group was compared to the control group and related to the pressure and volume components of myocardial work. <h3>Materials and Methods</h3> Mongrel dogs weighing between 10 and 20 kg were premedicated with intramuscular injections of morphine sulfate (1 mg/kg of body weight). The dogs were anesthetized with intravenous sodium thiamylal to the depression of the corneal reflex. An endotrachial airway was inserted
Brain death
Authors: B. Jennett
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (1982)

Mechanical ventilation frequently saves lives that are threatened by temporary respiratory failure; but when breathing stops due to irreversible brain damage ventilation only prolongs the process of dying, as organs serially cease to function. The possibility of extending from a few minutes to many days the interval between final failure of the brain and ultimate cardiac asystole emphasises that death is not an event, but a process.
REGULATION OF VENEREAL DISEASE.
Journal: JAMA (1902)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Peritoneal laceration due to muscular effort. An unusual cause of hemoperitoneum
Authors: J. S. Deol
Journal: JAMA (1967)

HEMOPERITONEUM is usually seen in such clinical conditions as ruptured ectopic pregnancy or severe abdominal trauma. The unanticipated finding of a large amount of blood in the peritoneal cavity without apparent cause is rarely encountered. The case recorded below is unusual, and thought to be worthy of record. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 66-year-old white man (BA 871) was admitted to the Easton Hospital on April 9, 1964, suffering from vague, lower abdominal distress of 48 hours' duration. Prior to this he had enjoyed excellent health. He was known to have had bilateral inguinal herniae and had received sclerosant therapy for this condition as a child. He smoked heavily and noted frequent paroxysms of severe coughing. During such an episode he experienced acute pain in the right inguinal area. This subsided rapidly, leaving only a persistent dull ache throughout the lower region of the abdomen. He had pursued his normal