tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Nasal response to capsaicin in patients with allergic rhinitis and in healthy volunteers: effect of colchicine.
Authors: N Roche, A Lurie, S Authier, D J Dusser
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1995)

We studied the effect of nasal administration of capsaicin in eight patients with allergic rhinitis and eight healthy subjects. We also studied the effect of colchicine, a drug known to inhibit microtubular axonal transport of peptides, on nasal response to capsaicin in these subjects. Colchicine or placebo was administered orally in a double-blind, randomized, crossover manner with a 35 day wash-out interval. Nasal challenge was performed on the last day of each period of treatment, using increasing doses of capsaicin (10(-9) to 3 x 10(-5) mmol). Capsaicin induced a dose-dependent decrease in nasal airflow conductance (active posterior rhinomanometry) (p < 0.002) that was greater in patients with allergic rhinitis (0.40 +/- 0.02 to 0.20 +/- 0.03) than in healthy subjects (0.44 +/- 0.01 to 0.35 +/- 0.02) (p = 0.0001). Capsaicin provoked a greater number of sneezes in patients with allergic rhinitis than in healthy subjects (p < 0.001), but the amount of nasal secretions was similar in these two groups of subjects. In nasal lavage fluid, capsaicin induced an increase in total, epithelial, and neutrophil cell counts in patients with allergic rhinitis (each comparison, p < 0.05), but not in healthy subjects. Capsaicin induced a slight, although not significant, increase in the concentration of elastase in nasal lavage fluid in patients with allergic rhinitis (p = 0.07), but not in healthy subjects. Albumin concentration decreased in nasal lavage fluid in both groups of subjects (p < 0.05). The tendency of capsaicin to increase neutrophil elastase in nasal lavage fluid of patients with allergic rhinitis was not observed after treatment with colchicine.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Regulation of Osteoblast Differentiation Mediated by Bone Morphogenetic Proteins, Hedgehogs, and Cbfa1
Authors: A. Yamaguchi
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (2000)

Osteoblasts arise from common progenitors with chondrocytes, muscle and adipocytes, and various hormones and local factors regulate their differentiation. We review here regulation of osteoblast differentiation mediated by the local factors such as bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) and hedgehogs and the transcription factor, core-binding factor α-1 (Cbfa1). BMPs are the most potent regulators of osteoblast differentiation among the local factors. Sonic and Indian hedgehogs are involved in osteoblast differentiation by interacting with BMPs. Cbfa1, a member of the runt domain gene family, plays a major role in the processes of a determination of osteoblast cell lineage and maturation of osteoblasts. Cbfa1 is an essential transcription factor for osteoblast differentiation and bone formation, because Cbfa1-deficient mice completely lacked bone formation due to maturation arrest of osteoblasts. Although the regulatory mechanism of Cbfa1 expression has not been fully clarified, BMPs are an important local factor that up-regulates Cbfa1 expression. Thus, the intimate interaction between local factors such as BMPs and hedgehogs and the transcription factor, Cbfa1, is important to osteoblast differentiation and bone formation.
Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products in the Environment: Agents of Subtle Change?
Authors: Christian G. Daughton, Thomas A. Ternes
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1999)

During the last three decades, the impact of chemical pollution has focused almost exclusively on the conventional "priority" pollutants, especially those acutely toxic/carcinogenic pesticides and industrial intermediates displaying persistence in the environment. This spectrum of chemicals, however, is only one piece of the larger puzzle in "holistic" risk assessment. Another diverse group of bioactive chemicals receiving comparatively little attention as potential environmental pollutants includes the pharmaceuticals and active ingredients in personal care products (in this review collectively termed PPCPs), both human and veterinary, including not just prescription drugs and biologics, but also diagnostic agents, "nutraceuticals," fragrances, sun-screen agents, and numerous others. These compounds and their bioactive metabolites can be continually introduced to the aquatic environment as complex mixtures via a number of routes but primarily by both untreated and treated sewage. Aquatic pollution is particularly troublesome because aquatic organisms are captive to continual life-cycle, multigenerational exposure. The possibility for continual but undetectable or unnoticed effects on aquatic organisms is particularly worrisome because effects could accumulate so slowly that major change goes undetected until the cumulative level of these effects finally cascades to irreversible change--change that would otherwise be attributed to natural adaptation or ecologic succession. As opposed to the conventional, persistent priority pollutants, PPCPs need not be persistent if they are continually introduced to surface waters, even at low parts-per-trillion/parts-per-billion concentrations (ng-microg/L). Even though some PPCPs are extremely persistent and introduced to the environment in very high quantities and perhaps have already gained ubiquity worldwide, others could act as if they were persistent, simply because their continual infusion into the aquatic environment serves to sustain perpetual life-cycle exposures for aquatic organisms. This review attempts to synthesize the literature on environmental origin, distribution/occurrence, and effects and to catalyze a more focused discussion in the environmental science community.
Upper GI/clinical
Authors: M Wielondek, D Bielicki, Zhi-Qiang Yuan, Ji-Huai Liu, Yu-Yuan Li, R Jian, J.-L Abitbol, B Scherrer, B Fraitag, A Adler, J Frohwein, W Veltzke, K Koch, R Hintze, A Archimandritis, M Douvara, M Tjivras, D Kalogeras, M Chronaki, N Sipsas, M Tsirantonaki, A Fertakis, J Bergmann, G Chassany, J Simoneau, L Segrestaa, K Dietrich, M K6sling2, G Rosprich, T Bethke3
Journal: Gut (1994)

3rd UEGW Oslo 1994 A71 show regional and/or distant metastasis.In the Year 1992 734 patients were admitted for gastrointestinal malignant neoplasms, 53 of them for primary liver tumor.24 of these patients underwent hepatic resection.170 of the 734 patients also had liver metastasis.The patients having multi-organ distant spread of the disease are candidates for systemic chemotherapy.The patients having liver metastasis only are treated by means of locoregional arterial cytotoxic infusion.In all cases the diagnosis was confirmed by histological examination.The vented B. Braun Implantofix arterial cannula with port was inserted via the pancreaticoduodenal artery at the time of the primary operation or during separate surgery.For some of the patients angiographic method was used with or without subcutaneous port.In the period from 1985 to 1994 84 patients were treated via intra-arterial cannula.According to our analysis using the Kaplan Meyer formula the best survival i.e. 29 month could have been achieved at patients undergoing hepatic resection plus locoregional chemotherapy.The cumulative survival rate following any other method of treatment was less favorable, that means 11 to 18 months according to the method used.
Deprived people die of the same diseases as the affluent---just earlier
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Secondary prevention programmes in coronary heart disease improve care Specialised multidisciplinary clinics for patients with coronary heart disease improve patient care and quality of life or functional status.McAlister and colleagues reviewed 12 randomised controlled trials including nearly 10 000 patients and found greater prescription of efficacious drugs and better risk factor profiles in patients assigned to specialised clinics rather than usual care (p 957).Admissions to hospital were also reduced.The optimal mix of components and the cost effectiveness of the clinics remain unclear.
Alveolar Type II and Clara Cells: Isolation and Xenobiotic Metabolism
Authors: Theodora R. Devereux
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1984)

This paper describes one isolation procedure for two pulmonary cell types and discusses how these cells are being used for toxicological studies. Alveolar Type II cells and Clara cells have been isolated from rabbits and rats and separated into highly enriched fractions. The lungs were digested with protease, and the pulmonary cell digests were separated into discrete fractions on the basis of cellular size and density differences. Several studies have been conducted to compare the metabolism of xenobiotics in these cell types and three examples are discussed. The metabolic activation and covalent binding of the pulmonary toxin, 4-ipomeanol was found to occur in both Clara and Type II cells in vitro, although to a much greater extent in the Clara cells. Also, the metabolism of several substrates, including 7-ethoxycoumarin, coumarin and benzo(a)pyrene, was compared in the isolated cell fractions and found to be much greater in the Clara cells than in the Type II cells. Immunohistochemical analysis and gel electrophoresis have also been used to demonstrate the presence of the two major rabbit pulmonary cytochrome P-450 isozymes in both the isolated Clara cells and alveolar Type II cells.
PNEUMOTHORAX WITHOUT EFFUSION IN THE ABSENCE OF OTHER DISEASES.
Journal: JAMA (1900)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A dithyramb to the dictionary
Authors: S. Vaisrub
Journal: JAMA (1978)

No muse of the dictionary resided on Parnassus. No poet dedicated an ode to a dictionary. No chorus chanted paeans to a lexicographer. "I am not so lost in lexicography," wrote Dr Samuel Johnson in the preface to his<i>Dictionary</i>, "as to forget that words are the daughters of earth and that things are the sons of heaven." To this disparagement Sir William Osler added: "After all, there is no such literature as a dictionary." Why, then, does the pulse quicken when a new dictionary or a new edition of an old dictionary lands on the desk? Why does the hand reach for it and, on opening to a random page, usher the eye onto a browsing spree? Apparently, a dictionary is more than a repository of information. We may praise its comprehensiveness, up-to-dateness, and accuracy, but what we enjoy most are its hidden pleasures. We may take pleasure in
THE NEW ORLEANS SESSION.
Journal: JAMA (1903)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
THE RELATION OF MALARIA TO THE GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION OF THE MALARIA-BEARING MOSQUITO.
Journal: JAMA (1901)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Correction
Journal: BMJ (1938)

London Emergency Bed Service SIR,-Recently I was called to a-case of ptomaine poison- ing, a mother and child of 3 years; in addition there was a 2 months old baby (not infected).The mother and child were in need of urgent hospital treatment.I rang up King Edward's Fund Emergency Bed Service and explained the case ; withih fifteen minutes I was informed that a suitable hospital would accept the cases and also admit the baby for care while its mother was in the hospital!Such service cannot be too highly praised.I had anticipated an hour's telephoning to try to get the two cases into hospital; I hardly dared to hope to find a hospital willing to care for a normal baby during its mother's illness.I feel every practitioner should know of this excellent service.-Iam, etc.,
The Nomenclature of Proprietary Medicines.
Journal: JAMA (1905)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Why N95 Should Be the Standard for All COVID-19 Inpatient Care
Authors: Nhu Quyen Dau, Harry Peled, Helen Lau, Julie Lyou, Claudia Skinner
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2020)

P ersonal protective equipment (PPE) is currently an emotional topic for frontline health care workers (HCWs) who care for patients with coronavirus disease 2019 .Medical masks are surgical or procedural masks that are regulated as medical devices on the basis of a set of standard test methods.The terms "medical mask" and "surgical mask" are often used interchangeably in the literature to indicate face masks that meet national or international standards and protect against droplet transmission but are not certified as respirators.Filtering facepiece respirators, also commonly called "respirators," are high-performance filtering masks.N95 respirators approved by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health filter at least 95% of NaCl particles.Unlike medical masks, N95 respirators provide a close facial fit, are regulated on filtration, and prevent aerosol transmission to the wearer.All guidelines recommend their use in aerosol-generating procedures (AGPs).However, there is differing guidance for HCWs, particularly regarding N95 respirators versus medical masks for frontline HCWs working with patients with COVID-19 (Table ).We believe that a thoughtful evaluation of past and existing data in the setting of the COVID-19 pandemic strongly supports the use of N95 respirators for all inpatient care of patients with COVID-19, not only during AGPs.Previous randomized controlled trials have demonstrated that N95 respirators are more effective than medical masks in protecting HCWs against clinical respiratory illness (1).However, a study at 8 tertiary care hospitals in Ontario (2) found no difference in the rate of laboratory-confirmed influenza with N95 versus medical masks, although there was a trend toward less influenza-like illness, defined as the presence of cough and fever, with N95 respirators (P = 0.06).Furthermore, HCWs in this trial used N95 respirators only when seeing infected patients-that is, targeted use (2).Of note, this study was terminated early because the Ontario Ministry of Health recommended N95 respirators for all HCWs taking care of patients with febrile respiratory illness.A 2016 meta-analysis evaluating the effectiveness of N95 respirators versus surgical masks in a health care setting found an odds ratio of 0.51 (95% CI, 0.19 to 1.41) for influenza-like illness (3).This odds ratio shows the effectiveness of N95 respirators for reducing influenza-like illness and a compelling magnitude of protection against respiratory disease transmission with N95 respirators.The benefit is even greater when the randomized trial with targeted N95 use is excluded.Nevertheless, all of these studies excluded severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).Recent COVID-19 guidelines referenced several of these randomized controlled studies and a recent meta-analysis to support their PPE recommendations
A Health View of Asbestos: An Annotated Literature Collection. 1960-1974
Authors: James Edward Huff, Carolyn Y. Dinger, Betty W. Kline, Bradford L. Whitfield, Anna S. Hammons
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1974)

The GA? Corporation plans to shut-down its Lowell, Vermont asbestos mine in March, 1975 rather than meet the pollution control requirements of the Environeental Protection Agency.The Corporation cites cost of required pollution control devices as the reason.. CompaBy officials say they will sell the mine for a "salvage price" of S6s0,000.Local people are negotiating with the company for possible purchase.
Stimulation of Erythropoiesis by Androgenic Hormones.
Authors: B. J. Kennedy
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1962)

s1 April 1962Stimulation of Erythropoiesis by Androgenic Hormones.B. J. Kennedy, M.D., F.A.C.P.B. J. Kennedy, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-56-4-685_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptAndrogenic hormones have been proven to have specific stimulatory effect on erythropoiesis. In patients with advanced breast cancer, the administration of large doses of hormone resulted in an increase in hemoglobin, increase in hematocrit, reticulocytosis, and clinical signs of polycythemia. Extended studies have been performed to define this phenomenon more clearly. Radioactive chromium studies of blood volume and red cell mass have recorded an increase in the red cell mass volume. Bone marrow examinations revealed a hyperplasia of the erythroid elements without alteration of the white cell elements or megakaryocytes. The elevation of the hemoglobin and hematocrit was noted in... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Minneapolis, Minn. (CI) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 April 1962Volume 56, Issue 4Page: 685-685KeywordsBlood cellsBone marrow cellsBreast cancerChromiumErythropoiesisHematocritHemoglobinHormonesMegakaryocytesPolycythemia Issue Published: 1 April 1962 PDF downloadLoading ...
Not Alone
Authors: Yeu-Tsu Margaret Lee
Journal: JAMA (1991)

This 22-minute videotape is produced by the Oncology Support Program of the School of Social Work, Adelphi University. It appears to be the actual recording of three group discussion sessions involving one leader (a social worker) and eight patients with breast cancer who had been recently treated with either modified radical mastectomy or lumpectomy and radiation. Session 1 concerns the emotional trauma of initial diagnosis, family members' reactions, and fear of recurrence. Session 2 deals with body images, relationships with husbands, and postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy. In session 3, patients discuss how they accepted and adjusted to the changes in their lives and how the group sessions had decreased their sense of isolation and brought support. The concerns and information provided in this videotape have been covered extensively in other medical and lay publications. No new or unique insights are offered, but patients and others concerned may prefer the videotape format.