tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Ptolemy project: a scalable model for delivering health information in Africa
Journal: BMJ (2003)

composition, ranging from lone consultant nurses to multiprofessional teams, and in their working patterns and activity. 9Some outreach teams follow up patients as described in our study, whereas others attend once patients show early warning criteria (see box).The results of our study are therefore not transferable. LimitationsOur study design could have confounded the results; before and after studies are retrospective, therefore variables cannot be controlled.In our study a concomitant innovation in the hospital could have produced the same results.Patients were, however, discharged from critical care to different areas of the hospital, and at the time of the study there was no other innovation that could have had an effect on patients.The median predicted probability of mortality was 16.1% compared with 20.4% in the historical cohort.Although this was not statistically significant, part or all of the effect seen might be explained by this difference.Several authors have, however, questioned the ability of the tool to predict mortality and it is currently the subject of further investigation by the Intensive Care National Audit Research Centre.The tool therefore might explain some of the variation in outcome but not all of it.Before and after studies may also show a lack of equivalence between comparators, and interventions may vary.Both our groups had similar risk factors.These were chosen for their association with mortality and readmission and seemed to be appropriate for the purposes of our study.The interventions undertaken by team members did vary, possibly owing to length of time available for the intervention or the manner in which the intervention was undertaken by the individual and on a particular day.It is unlikely, however, that one individual or one intervention can be associated with the findings.Rather, the combined effect of the interventions seems to have had a beneficial effect on outcomes.The use of routine audit data, rather than specific data collected for research purposes, may also have produced erroneous results.The database was examined on a random basis for reliability and seemed sound.If the innovation described here had not been introduced so hastily, owing to political imperative, we could have conducted a prospective randomised controlled trial.Evidence for innovation in service delivery will always be prone to limitations where evaluation is not undertaken before wholesale application.Policy makers should consider testing health service innovation using cluster randomised controlled trials with the hospital as the sampling unit.An example of this is the medical early response intervention and therapy study currently being undertaken in Australia to assess medical emergency teams. 10
Supersalivation
Authors: David A. Johnson
Journal: JAMA (1985)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Dr Miller's<sup>1</sup>recent letter describing a "supersalivation syndrome" is a classic description of a well-described but relatively uncommon symptom of esophageal reflux known as "waterbrash." Typically, as Dr Miller described, the patient relates the symptoms of pyrosis or heartburn with a concomitant outpouring of copious amounts of liquid into his or her mouth. It is thought that the liquid is unlikely to be regurgitated from the stomach or esophagus and that it is most likely salivary in origin. Reflex secretion of saliva is induced by food in the mouth as well as stimulation of vagal afferent fibers in the distal esophagus. Stimulation of the parasympathetic nerve supply can cause profuse salivation (known as "ptyalism") as well as vasodilation in the salivary gland through the local release of bradykinin. The parasympathetic nerve supply to the salivary glands includes the glossopharyngeal nerve to the parotid gland and the
Whipple disease. Occurrence in a 76-year-old man with a 20-year prodrome of arthritis
Authors: R. F. DeLuca
Journal: JAMA (1975)

WHIPPLE disease is multisystemic and diagnosed more frequently now because of the availability of peroral small-bowel biopsy techniques. Symptoms of arthritis and polyserositis often precede the more familiar manifestations of diarrhea, malabsorption, weight loss, abdominal pain, and skin hyperpigmentation. The primary disease may not be considered in patients first seen with arthritic symptoms and without diarrhea. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 76-year-old white retired farmer entered the Miami Veterans Administration Hospital complaining of intermittent foul-smelling watery stools, mild hypogastric pain, and a 25-kg (56-lb) weight loss over nine months. The patient had a 20-year history of intermittent, migratory, seronegative, non-deforming arthritis involving hips, back, knees, and wrists. For the last 15 years he had been attending the Rheumatology Clinic at the Miami Veterans Hospital. Roentgenograms of large and small joints had shown only minimal osteoporotic changes. A diagnosis of palindromic rheumatism was made. The arthritis did not respond to treatment
Collens System of Diet Writing Including: Diet Calculator, Obesity Chart, 100 Menu Prescription Forms
Journal: JAMA (1934)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
MEDICAL EDUCATION.
Journal: JAMA (1895)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A PEDUNCULATED LIPOMA OF THE ESOPHAGUS.
Journal: JAMA (1922)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Highlights
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2019)

Pharmacological Treatments for NAS 234Disher and colleagues conducted a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials to determine the optimum treatment for neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS).They found that buprenorphine was associated with the shortest length of treatment without additional adverse events.Morphine was consistently among the least effective treatments.Editorial 221 Screen Time and Performance on a Developmental Test 244Madigan and colleagues conducted a cohort study of early childhood development in 2441 mothers and children.They found that higher levels of screen time in children aged 24 and 36 months were associated with poor performance on a screening measure assessing children's achievement of development milestones at 36 and 60 months, respectively.The obverse association (ie, poor developmental performance to increased screen time) was not observed. Constellations of Parental Risk and Anxiety and Depression 251Lund and colleagues linked survey data and health registry data from 8773 children from 6696 2-parent families.They found that despite seemingly innocuous levels of some parental behaviors and characteristics, certain early risk constellations, such as low parental education, elevated drinking in both parents, and elevated mental health symptoms in fathers, were associated with significant increases in the risk of subsequent anxiety and/or depression among children compared with children from no-risk families.
Drug Fever
Authors: Benjamin A. Lipsky
Journal: JAMA (1981)

Most medications can cause fever, with or without concomitant clinical manifestations. The fever may arise from the drug's pharmacologic action, its effects on thermoregulation, a local complication following parenteral administration, or an idiosyncratic response. The most common mechanism is probably an immunologic reaction mediated by drug-induced antibodies. Drug fever may have any pattern; it typically occurs after seven to ten days of treatment and usually resolves within 48 hours of discontinuing the administration. Failure to diagnose drug fever may lead to inappropriate and potentially harmful diagnostic and therapeutic interventions. In suspected cases, it is necessary to discontinue administration of all potentially causative medicines, together or sequentially. Rechallenge with the offending agent will usually cause recurrence of fever within a few hours, confirming the diagnosis. (<i>JAMA</i>1981;245:851-854)
Outcomes of patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma and bone metastases in the targeted-therapy era.
Authors: Sarathi Kalra, Jonathan Verma, Bradley J. Atkinson, Surena F. Matin, Christopher G. Wood, Jose A. Karam, Pheroze Tamboli, Kanishka Sircar, Priya Rao, Paul Gettys Corn, Nizar M. Tannir, Eric Jonasch
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

528 Background: Bone metastases (BM) occur commonly in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have improved outcomes for patients with mRCC. Data on outcomes of mRCC patients with BM treated with TKIs are limited, but suggest a worse outcome compared to non-BM groups. Herein, we describe outcomes of patients with BM treated with TKI therapy, and compare to outcomes in a pre-TKI control group. Methods: Retrospective review of patients with mRCC in the intervals of 2002-2003 and 2006-2007 was performed using the institutional tumor registry. Patient characteristics including demographics, laboratory data, and outcomes were analyzed. Overall survival (OS) was estimated using Kaplan-Meier methods. Predictors of OS were analyzed using Cox regression. Results: 375 patients were reviewed; 187 patients (50%) started treatment with TKIs and 188 patients (50%) started treatment in pre-TKI era. Distribution of patient characteristics was similar. Organ metastases were equally distributed, including BM in 48% of patients in each cohort. Median OS of patient treated with TKI therapy was 22 mo (95% CI: 17-25) compared to 14 mo (95% CI: 10-19; p&lt;0.01) for historical controls. Subset analysis of patients with BM treated with TKI therapy demonstrated a median OS of 24 mo (95% CI: 17-28) compared to 18 mo (95% CI: 10-21; p&lt;0.01), in non TKI treated group. Predictors of shorter OS were higher MSKCC score; liver, lung, and brain metastases; and multiple sites of BM (HR 1.38; 95% CI: 1.02-1.91; p=0.04). Rate of new BM development was the same in the pre-versus-post TKI era. Conclusions: Median survival of patients with BM appears to be slightly longer than the median, irrespective of systemic therapy received. Rate of BM development was the same in the pre-versus post-TKI era. The slightly prolonged OS with BM contradicts published data. The management of bone metastases in mRCC remains a challenge. [Table: see text]
Industrial Health and Medical Programs
Journal: JAMA (1952)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
678 INDEPENDENT RISK FACTORS AND PREDICTIVE SCORE FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA IN CHRONIC HEPATITIS B
Authors: M.F. Yuen, Y. Tanaka, D.Y. Fong, J. Fung, D.K. Wong, J.C. Yuen, D.Y. But, A.O. Chan, B.C. Wong, M. Mizokami, C.L. Lai
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2008)
Masthead: (Adv. Healthcare Mater. 21/2017)
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2017)

Citizenship: Wiley's Corporate Citizenship initiative seeks to address the environmental, social, economic, and ethical challenges faced in our business and which are important to our diverse stakeholder groups.Since launching the initiative, we have focused on sharing our content with those in need, enhancing community philanthropy, reducing our carbon impact, creating global guidelines and best practices for paper use, establishing a vendor code of ethics, and engaging our colleagues and other stakeholders in our efforts.
Guidelines for Glycemic Control and Individualized Targets—Reply
Authors: Leonard Pogach
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Editorial: Varicella-zoster infections: zoster immune globulin
Authors: H. H. Hussey
Journal: JAMA (1974)

In years past, astute clinicians observed that adults who acquired herpes zoster almost invariably denied having had varicella (chickenpox) during childhood. A link between the two diseases was therefore postulated, and both were assumed to be viral diseases. In 1953, Weller<sup>1</sup>isolated virus particles from varicella and zoster vesicular lesions and confirmed the identity of the varicella-zoster (HZ) virus. It is assumed that adults who develop herpes zoster are hypoimmune and not totally unsusceptible to HZ virus. Varicella of childhood is usually, but not always a mild, highly contagious disease. The same cannot be said for adults in whom the disease usually is severe and is frequently complicated by varicella pneumonia. Cimons et al<sup>2</sup>report such a case in which truly heroic measures were needed to ensure survival. An exception to the rule of mildness in childhood varicella is found in a report by Hook et al.<sup>3</sup>
Abstract 3177: Intrinsic and acquired resistance to RIG-I induced anti-tumor responses
Authors: Eugenia Fraile-Bethencourt, Sokchea Khou, Sudarshan Anand
Journal: Cancer Research (2021)

Abstract The immune microenvironment plays a critical role in cancer orchestrating tumor progression and response to therapeutics. Strategies to manipulate the tumor immune microenvironment are invaluable to complement current standard of care treatments. Recently, approaches to target Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs) that recognize intracellular and extracellular pathogens have emerged as a promising strategy to enhance immune recognition of tumors. Among the PRRs, intracellular receptors that recognize DNA and RNA in the cells are unique in their ability to respond to both pathogenic and ‘self' nucleic acids that are generated as a result of aberrant cell division/transcription. We previously showed that targeting a cytosolic DNA sensor three prime exonuclease 1 (TREX1) enhanced immune responses in mouse tumor models including colorectal carcinomas (CRCs). Here we show that a cytosolic RNA sensing pathway, Retinoic acid Induced Gene 1 (RIG-I) acts as a robust immune activator across cancer types by enhancing the cellular and molecular correlates of anti-tumor immune responses. Using a stem loop hairpin RNA structure derived from a H1N1 sequence we elicited a potent RIG-1 response in CRC and breast cancers. Interestingly, activation of RIG also increased expression of TREX1 revealing potential cross-talk between the two pathways. We show that activation of tumor cell RIG-I alone is sufficient to decrease tumor burden with a concomitant broad cellular and molecular anti-tumor response. We observed a group of negative regulators of immune responses, including the NKG2a ligand - HLA-E, mono PARPs and the inhibitory checkpoint protein LAG3, are upregulated in RIG high tumors in cell culture, mouse and human tumors indicating how RIG-I high tumors may develop resistance to immune killing. Combination of RIG-I agonists synergized with inhibition of these resistance mechanisms in a tumor and context dependent manner. To understand intrinsic resistance to RIG signaling, we performed a focused RNAi screen and identified a few critical positive and negative modulators of RIG-I function in tumor cells. Taken together, our findings illustrate how tumor cell RIG-I is a potent inducer of cellular and molecular immune responses as well as highlight both intrinsic and acquired resistance to RIG-I induced anti-tumor responses. Citation Format: Eugenia Fraile-Bethencourt, Sokchea Khou, Sudarshan Anand. Intrinsic and acquired resistance to RIG-I induced anti-tumor responses [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2021; 2021 Apr 10-15 and May 17-21. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2021;81(13_Suppl):Abstract nr 3177.
THU0149 Trends in the incidence of infection in patients with rheumatoid arthritis in spain: an observational cohort study of hospital discharges from 1999 to 2015 (TREND-AR STUDY)
Authors: C. Martinez-Prada, R. Mazzuccheli, I. Morado, E. Perez-Fernández, J. Quirós, J.L. Morell-Hita, M. Peña, N. Crespi, C. Barbadillo, H. Godoy, M. Fernández-Prada, M. Galindo, O. Guzón-Illescas, A. Herranz, V. Villaverde, A. García-Vadillo
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2018)

<h3>Background</h3> Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) patients are at an increased risk of infection compared with healthy individuals, related to immune dysfunction. New treatments have revolutionised RA management; however, serious infection especially in elderly remains a concern. <h3>Objectives</h3> To analyse the incidence and trend of hospital admissions for all infections in patients with RA in Spain during the period between 1999 and 2015. <h3>Methods</h3> This is a national retrospective population based study. We analysed a national administrative database that includes a Minimum Basic Data Set (MBDS) in all hospital admissions of patients with RA. Period: 1999 to 2015. Cases were identified by the presence of ICD9 codes. The population at risk was estimated through the population census of the National Institute of Statistics. The adjusted rates of infection were calculated, by sex and age. The trend was analysed by Generalised Linear Models (GLM). Statistical analysis was made using SPSS statistical package version 20 (SPSS Inc, Chicago, IL). <h3>Results</h3> 338.343 RA hospital admissions were detected in the study period, being 81.468 (24,07%) due to infections. The main clinical-demographic characteristics are shown in table 1: The annual age-adjusted rate of infections increased during the study period, especially in men (fig I). The annual trend of infections age-adjusted increased during the study period 5.29%, women 5.08% and men 5.92%. For age groups the annual increase was 3.51% for 20–40 years, 3,.2% for 40–60 years, 4,5% for 60–80 years and 9.27% for &gt;80 years. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Rate of infection in RA hospitalised patients in Spain has increased during study period. The patients are progressively elderly and has more comorbidities. However the average hospital stay decrease. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared