tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Preventing opportunistic infections in HIV-infected injection drug users
Authors: D. C. Perlman
Journal: JAMA (1997)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —The newly revised guidelines issued by the US Public Health Service and the Infectious Diseases Society of America (USPHS/IDSA) provide excellent, evidence-based recommendations for strategies to reduce the risk of opportunistic infections in persons infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).<sup>1</sup>The new guidelines now contain suggestions for behavioral interventions to reduce exposure to relevant infectious pathogens, including those acquired through sexual behaviors and through environmental, occupational, food, water, travel, and pet-related exposures.<sup>1,2</sup>However, there is no mention of behavioral interventions or strategies to reduce the risks of infectious disease transmission associated with illicit injection drug use. Injection drug use now accounts for approximately half of new HIV infections in the United States.<sup>3</sup>While the use of antiretroviral therapies and opportunistic infection prophylactic regimens has contributed to declines in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)—related opportunistic infection incidence and deaths, the reductions have been less marked
An Audit of Medicolegal Conferencing
Authors: R G Pringle
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2003)

In the English civil justice system, experts involved in a case are now commonly required to confer before the hearing and identify the areas of agreement and disagreement. A prospective study of 50 consecutive medicolegal conferences of experts was undertaken, with a view to defining their benefits, weaknesses and the optimum conference format. A record was kept of the dates of first instruction, court deadlines, and date, time and duration of conferences, together with related calls and correspondence. The manner of preparation of the statement was noted, the level of agreement/disagreement, any compromise, any later modifications of the draft, and the author's fees. Subsequently the instructing solicitors were asked to comment on the suitability of the joint statement and its contribution to settlement. Medicolegal conferencing is time-consuming and expensive. It may be of limited value where there is little or no difference of opinion, either between experts in a single field or between experts in different fields. The instructing solicitors must ensure that the participants receive, in advance of the conference, copies of all relevant documents including medical reports and medical records. An agenda is helpful in ensuring that matters of importance are not overlooked. Conferences are more effective when held in person than when conducted by telephone. The joint statement is best dictated in the presence of all participants during or after the conference. To ensure the most efficient and economical use of consultant time a formal combined audit of conferencing should be undertaken by the medical and legal professions.
EFFECT OF DIET IN EXPERIMENTAL AMEBIASIS
Journal: JAMA (1935)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The role of adult attachment orientation and coping in psychological adjustment to living with skin conditions
Authors: M. Krasuska, A.C. Lavda, A.R. Thompson, A. Millings
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2018)

Skin conditions can impact significantly on everyday life, particularly relationships. However, some patients are more distressed by these problems than others, regardless of disease severity. There is some evidence that the extent to which patients seek support from friends and family (“attachment orientation”) predicts how well they cope with chronic health conditions, but there has been little previous research with regard to skin disorders. These psychologists in Sheffield, UK, investigated this using online questionnaires in 206 adults recruited through universities and patient support groups. Participants had to have been diagnosed with a skin condition by a health care professional and experiencing symptoms over the last 6 months. Psychological adjustment to their skin disorder was assessed using scores for appearance‐related distress and skin‐related quality of life (QoL). Two dimensions of attachment orientation were measured: fear of intimacy (“attachment avoidance”) and fear of abandonment (“attachment anxiety”). The use of 2 coping strategies was also studied: defeatism (e.g. giving up, denial or turning to drugs or alcohol) and activity (humour, venting, seeking help or coming up with a plan). They found that people showing higher attachment avoidance and attachment anxiety reported more defeatist attitudes, resulting in higher levels of appearance‐related distress and lower QoL, both emotional and functioning aspects. Surprisingly, people using active coping strategies also experienced more appearance‐related distress, perhaps being less accepting of their condition. The authors conclude that people with insecure attachment orientation are more troubled by their skin condition and might benefit from psychological interventions targeting underlying attachment orientation.
Bone Marrow Transplantation From Donors With Aplastic Anemia
Journal: JAMA (1976)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Researches on the Mechanical Dilatation of the Cervix Uteri, and the Appliances Used for the Purpose
Authors: J. M. Duncan
Journal: BMJ (1872)

efficiently would not be less than one hundred days, allowing ten hours of labour each day.The costs of the work in Merthyr are /8 a-year paid to the Registrars of Births and Deaths, an allowance not exceeding £Io a year to the medical officer for the purchase of books, instruments, chemicals, stationery, and for the printing of the annual report, and the medical officer's salary of /Ioo a year; giving a total of xII8.You will
Kidney Disease. From the Physician's Viewpoint.
Journal: JAMA (1926)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Activity of type 1 5α-reductase is greater in the follicular infrainfundibulum compared with the epidermis
Authors: D.M. THIBOUTOT, H. KNAGGS, K. GILLILAND, S. HAGARI
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1997)

The enzyme 5α–reductase converts testosterone (T) to dihydrotestosterone (DHT). Although this enzyme has been localized to various regions of the pilosebaceous unit, its activity has not been studied in the follicular portion of either vellus or sebaceous follicles. The goal of our study was to determine the relative activities of 5α–reductase within various regions of these follicles with particular emphasis on the infrainfundibulum. A finding of increased 5α–reductase activity in upper follicles compared to epidermis might support the hypothesis that increased follicular production of DHT is involved in the hyperkeratinization observed in this region of the follicle in acne vulgaris. 5α–reductase activity was determined at pH 5 (optimal for the type 2 isozyme) and pH 7 (optimal for the type 1 isozyme) in isolated infrainfundibular segments from sebaceous and vellus follicles, homogenized epidermis from various anatomical areas and in microdissected segments of the pilosebaceous unit from breast skin of normal subjects. Enzyme activity was also determined at pH 7 in cultured infrainfundibular keratinocytes and in interfollicular epidermal keratinocytes. Homogenates of infrainfundibular segments demonstrated significantly greater activity at pH 7 compared to pH 5 (P < 0.001), confirming activity of the type 1 5α–reductase in this region. Activity of 5α–reductase was much lower in homogenized epidermis and did not demonstrate a clear pH preference. Keratinocytes cultured from the infrainfundibulum demonstrated significantly greater 5α–reductase activity compared to keratinocytes from interfollicular epidermis (P = 0.04). In the dissected segments of pilosebaceous units from breast skin, 5α–reductase activity was greatest in the sebaceous gland followed by the sebaceous duct, infrainfundibulum, whole skin and epidermis. These data indicate that 5α–reductase activity varies within regions of the pilosebaceous unit and compared with interfollicular epidermal cells, infrainfundibular keratinocytes have an increased capacity for producing androgens which may play a role in the follicular hyperkeratinization seen in acne.
Unreviewed Reports
Journal: BMJ (1986)

Unreviewed ReportsSevere megaloblastic anaemia due to giardiasis A 21 year old man presented with anorexia, weight loss of 27 kg, and lethargy.On examination he was anaemic and feverish (38-00C) with aphthous mouth ulcers.Investigation showed haemoglobin concentration 56 g l; white cell count 2 6X 10 /1; platelets 95 x 1O/1;
191 CLINICAL EFFICACY OF TRANSJUGULAR INTRAHEPATIC PORTOSYSTEMIC SHUNT CREATED WITH COVERED STENTS WITH DIFFERENT DIAMETERS: RESULTS OF A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Authors: O. Riggio, L. Ridola, S. Angeloni, F. Cerini, F. Fanelli, F.M. Salvatori, M. Merli
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
CHOLESTEROL IN THE ORGANISM
Journal: JAMA (1934)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
ADENOMA SEBACEUM.
Authors: W. E. MAXWELL
Journal: JAMA (1896)

Mr. C., age 31, single; traveling salesman; American parentage; healthy, well developed and of fair intelligence; habits not strictly temperate; raised in moderate circumstances; no epilepsy or other nervous troubles known in his family. Beginning about half an inch below the right ear and posteriorly, running obliquely downward and backward across the sterno-mastoid muscle, is a double parallel row of closely connected but distinct, averaging pin-head-size papules, on a slightly elevated red base, measuring one inch long by one-fourth inch wide, but somewhat narrower in its middle from arrested development and slightly bent upon itself as if broken, but not disconnected. This patch presents an irregular, rough surface of twenty-seven distinct but closely connected papules, each surrounding the dilated orifice of a sebaceous follicle, from which a slender, thread-like sebum can be expressed. The summit of each papule is paler than the base on which it rests. The base itself
Correction
Journal: Thorax (2016)

Corrections have been made to the 'Results' section of this abstract.The changes are in bold. ResultsAMP-1 demonstrates bacterial binding affinity in a concentration dependent manner and labels a diverse panel of bacteria, including a panel consisting of >70% of ventilatorassociated pneumonia causing organisms and the pathogenic fungi Aspergillus fumigatus.AMP-1 demonstrates significantly higher fluorescence over isomolar linear equivalents for E. coli, K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa, MSSA, A. baumannii and S. pneumoniae (all p<0.01), is selective for bacteria over mammalian cells and has improved chemical stability over the linear equivalent when incubated with bronchoaoveolar lavage from patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome.Furthermore, AMP-1 can label E. coli, K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa and MSSA in situ in an ex vivo ovine model when instilled endobronchially and imaged with FCFM ( p<0.01 when compared to control segments).AMP-2 can selectively label gram-negative bacteria, but not gram-positive bacteria in vitro and remains selective for gram-negative bacteria over mammalian cells.In the ex-vivo model AMP-2 selectively labels the gram-negative bacterial segments (P.aeruginosa, K. pneumonia and E. coli) over the grampositive MSSA, MRSA and S. pneumoniae or control pulmonary segments (all p<0.05).
Marihuana
Authors: John M. Dorman
Journal: JAMA (1975)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I would recommend to readers the excellent review of marihuana recently published by the American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Drugs<sup>1</sup>; it is objective, authoritative and well documented, the epitome of a responsible statement on a controversial issue. The contrast with the recent<i>JAMA</i>article (233:79, 1975) should be obvious to any reader who compares the two.
Delays in UK stroke prevention
Authors: None The Lancet
Journal: The Lancet (2010)

Patients in the UK are waiting too long for vascular surgery after symptoms of stroke or transient ischaemic attack (TIA), according to an audit from the Vascular Society and the Royal College of Physicians. In some patients with carotid stenosis, carotid endarterectomy after TIA substantially reduces risk of further stroke. The protective effect is greatest immediately after symptoms occur, but an audit of 7000 procedures done between Jan 1, 2008, and Sept 30, 2009, has shown that patients in the UK are waiting a median 28 days for surgery.
Quantitative analysis of antibody to hepatitis C virus envelope 2 glycoprotein in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection
Authors: N Yuki, N Hayashi, A Kasahara, H Hagiwara, E Mita, K Ohkawa, K Katayama, H Fusamoto, T Kamada
Journal: Hepatology (1996)

The significance of circulating antibody to hepatitis C virus (HCV) envelope glycoprotein 2 (E2)/nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) glycoprotein was studied in 83 patients with chronic HCV infection diagnosed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). E2/NS1 antibody was quantitatively examined by a passive hemagglutination test using recombinant E2/NS1 glycoprotein encompassing amino acids 388 to 664 of the HCV-H strain. The results were correlated with clinical and virological features such as genotypes and viremic levels assessed by a competitive reverse-transcription PCR assay. E2/NS1 antibody was found in 73 patients (88%), and its occurrence was related to viremic levels. E2/NS1 antibody titers were low in asymptomatic HCV carriers with low levels of viral replication; 9 of 17 such patients tested positive for E2/NS1 antibody (53%), compared with 64 of 66 chronic hepatitis C patients (97%) ( P &lt; .01). A significant direct relationship was observed between viremic levels and E2/NS1 antibody titers (r = .52, P &lt; .01). Of the 13 patients with low viremic levels of &lt; 10 6 copies/mL, only 5 tested positive for E2/NS1 antibody (38%), whereas 68 of the 70 patients with viremic levels of &gt; or = 10 6 copies/mL had it (97%) ( P &lt; .01). As for the relation to HCV genotypes, no difference was seen in E2/NS1 antibody titers among genotypes examined (1b, 2a, and 2b). These findings suggest that the E2/NS1 antibody tested exhibits no neutralizing activity in chronic HCV infection but may serve as a serological indicator of active virus replication.
ACUTE HEMORRHAGIC TRANSVERSE MYELITIS AS A COMPLICATION OF TYPHOID FEVER.
Journal: JAMA (1900)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Binding And Lysis of Target Cells by Cytotoxic Lymphocytes: Molecular and Cellular Aspects
Authors: G. Berke
Journal: Annual Review of Immunology (1994)

Exhausted CD8 T (Tex) cells are a distinct cell lineage that arise during chronic infections and cancers in animal models and humans. Tex cells are characterized by progressive loss of effector functions, high and sustained inhibitory receptor expression, ...Read More
Twilight
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Incontentia Pigmenti
Authors: Frank Mate
Journal: JAMA (1963)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Recently, the Retarded Children's Clinic at Georgetown University Medical Center has had occasion to see and diagnose a child with incontentia pigmenti (Bloch-Sulzberger syndrome). In an attempt to write up the case, we have had extreme difficulty in finding any references that describe both the gross and the microscopic pathological condition. Most of the literature that we have been able to review alludes to pathological descriptions, but never actually presents evidence of any; nor have we managed to find a trail leading to any written description of a case. We appeal to anyone who may have at his disposal a description of the pathological anatomy (general as well as nervous system) and, possibly, slides that could be forwarded to us, or the name and location of a previously published reference describing the microscopic pathological anatomy in this condition.
Primary drug resistance in tuberculosis
Authors: R. Tizes
Journal: JAMA (1970)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> In a recent editorial (<b>212</b>:2113,1970) on "Primary Drug Resistance in Tuberculosis" an opinion was expressed that In the United States, Canada, and several countries in Europe, where large surveys have been instituted and compared for several years with the use of similar bacteriological and clinical criteria, the problem of primary drug resistance is relatively small. Furthermore, it is stated in the above editorial that "there appears to be no evidence that primary resistance to streptomycin, isoniazid, and aminosalicylic acid is increasing." We are, however, taking strong exceptions to statements expressed in the editorial because of the following: Many of the surveys referred to by the author have been conducted in the late 50s and very early 60s, a short period following the introduction of isoniazid. In addition, a great many studies have been limited to select population groups. One can not generalize and make strong statements