tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 4869: Pulmonary Vasoconstriction Occurs out of Proportion to Increases in Pulmonary Capillary Wedge Pressure During Exercise in Heart Failure
Authors: Gregory D Lewis, Ravi V Shah, Maryann Martinovic, Kenneth D Bloch, Marc J Semigran
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Secondary pulmonary hypertension (PH) is an important prognostic indicator in patients with systolic heart failure (HF), but the pattern of increase in pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP) during exercise and its relationship to exercise capacity and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) have not been comprehensively investigated. We hypothesized that HF patients would develop an increase in PAP out of proportion to the increase in PCWP during exercise and that the rate of PAP increase during exercise would predict exercise capacity in HF. Thirty-three patients with systolic HF (mean±SD, age 58 ± 7 years, left ventricular ejection fraction 0.27 ± 0.05, peak oxygen uptake 11.2 ± 3.2 ml/kg/min) and 10 normal subjects (age 53±9, sex, VO2) underwent cardiopulmonary exercise testing with simultaneous hemodynamic monitoring. There was a linear relationship between PAP and work rate in watts (R&gt;0.85 for all subjects) whereas no consistent relationship between PCWP and work rate was present (R=0.02– 0.93). HF patients had a 3-fold greater rate of increase in PAP per watt than normals (slope=0.23±0.02 vs. 0.07±0.002 mmHg/W respectively, p&lt;0.0001). In HF patients, PAP increased out of proportion to PCWP, as indicated by the slope of the gradient between PAP and PCWP (0.11±0.005 mmHg/W in HF vs. 0.01±0.005 mmHg/W in normals, p&lt;0.0001). In HF patients, PAP slope, but not PCWP slope, inversely correlated with exercise capacity as measured by peak VO 2 (R=−0.41, p=0.04 and R=−0.12, p=0.56, respectively). Fifteen of the HF subjects underwent repeated exercise testing after 12-weeks of treatment with the pulmonary vasodilator sildenafil, with a resultant decrease in slope of the PAP-PCWP gradient from 0.11±0.02 to 0.07±0.01 mmHg, P&lt;0.05. In patients with systolic HF there is a linear increase in PAP/watt that is out of proportion to the increase in PCWP/watt and inversely correlated with exercise capacity. Abnormal pulmonary vasoconstriction in response to physical activity in HF may represent a target for therapeutic intervention in HF. This research has received full or partial funding support from the American Heart Association, AHA National Center.
Advanced Pneumoconiosis Among Working Underground Coal Miners—Eastern Kentucky and Southwestern Virginia, 2006
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Current regulations for U.S. underground coal mines, mandated by federal legislation in 1969 and amended in 1977, include provisions to prevent the occurrence of pneumoconiosis. However, in 2005 and 2006, clusters of rapidly progressing and potentially disabling pneumoconiosis were reported in certain geographic areas. In response to these reports, CDC's National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) instituted field surveys conducted under the Enhanced Coal Workers' Health Surveillance Program (ECWHSP). This report describes the results of those surveys, which were conducted in three counties in eastern Kentucky (Knott, Letcher, and Pike) and four counties in southwestern Virginia (Buchanan, Dickenson, Tazewell, and Wise). A total of 37 cases of advanced pneumoconiosis (including four cases reported previously) were identified. Measures are needed to prevent further occurrence of this disease among underground coal miners.
CORRECTION
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The National Practitioner Data Bank: Bane or Benefit?
Authors: Bernard S. Goffen
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —The Special Communication on the National Practitioner Data Bank (NPDB)<sup>1</sup>reflects remarkable variability in the reporting of adverse actions involving practitioners' licensure, privileging, and malpractice by the 53 localities providing the raw data accepted for inclusion. For example, the authors speculate on, but provide no good explanation for, the difference by a factor of 10 between the adverse action rates for New York State and Mississippi. Similarly, the clinical privilege action rate varies by a factor of five between Illinois (0.7) and Washington (3.2), Colorado (3.6), or Arizona (3.6). Considering the lack of uniformity in the laws regulating medical practice in the reporting localities, the variability noted should be expected. At the same time, without evaluating individually each action to eliminate those that fall outside the norm for the United States, the value of the project is compromised. The following examples of physician censure by the
WHAT CAUSES OBESITY?
Journal: JAMA (1924)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Spotting Method of Phage-Typing Mycobacteria: Typing Mycobacteria with Routine Test Dilutions
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A Doctor's Dilemma
Authors: Benjamin Spector
Journal: JAMA (1965)

A doctor's dilemma continues to be one of the characteristic features accompanying the growth and development of medicine. When a clinician evaluates emotion, when a biochemist talks about the Krebs cycle, when a physicist discusses neutrons, there is a reasonable background of controlled experience. When, however, a physician talks about mind and spirit he gets into a traffic snarl, intellectually and emotionally. Why this dilemma? From the early Greek period to the present day it has been a truism that the facts elicited from a careful history-taking constitute solid ground for making a diagnosis. These same facts, moreover, are inevitably bathed in a milieu of mind and spirit. As a consequence, a humane doctor recognizes the phosphorescence of meanings which emanate from the areas where body, mind, and spirit overlap. Indeed, this kind of humaneness may make the difference between an evaluation of an electrocardiogram per se and its evaluation
Predicting Bacteremia
Authors: Leonard Leibovici
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1991)

Letters15 April 1991Predicting BacteremiaLeonard Leibovici, MDLeonard Leibovici, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-114-8-703_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editors:Two points in the article by Bates and colleagues (1) merit reconsideration. First, rapidly fatal disease was included in the final model as a significant and independent predictor of true bacteremia. However, "true bacteremia" was defined by reviewers who were not blinded to the outcome of the episode (whether or not the patient "had done well"). If the original assessment of a rapidly fatal disease was accurate, than "true bacteremia" was defined with foreknowledge of a factor (outcome of the patient) closely related to one of the independent variables. Thus, a strong bias may have been introduced...References1. BatesCookGoldmanLee DELT. Predicting bacteremia in hospitalized patients. A prospectively validated model. Ann Intern Med. 1990;113:495-500. LinkGoogle Scholar2. McCabeJackson WG. Gram-negative bacteremia. I. Etiology and ecology. Arch Intern Med. 1962;110:845-55. CrossrefGoogle Scholar1. BatesCookGoldmanLee DELT. Predicting bacteremia in hospitalized patients. A prospectively validated model. Ann Intern Med. 1990;113:495-500. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Tel Aviv University Petah Tiqva 49100 Israel PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByPredictive model for bacteremia in adult patients with blood cultures performed at the emergency department: A preliminary reportClinical practice of obtaining blood cultures from patients with a central venous catheter in place: an international surveyWho Needs a Blood Culture? A Prospectively Derived and Validated Prediction RuleBlood Cultures in the Critical Care Unit 15 April 1991Volume 114, Issue 8Page: 703-703KeywordsBacteremia Issue Published: 15 April 1991 PDF DownloadLoading ...
The Lumleian Lectures on Heart Inflammation in Children: Delivered before the Royal College of Physicians
Authors: O. Sturges
Journal: BMJ (1894)

MD"' JCAL 623 a single tabloid was giveni, but, the puilse kcepiing about 100 aid the otlher s.zllnptolmls beinig still marked, the diug was stopped for four days until t e pulse lhad falleni to so and the dyspinwea allayed.Two tabloids were tllen given for two days, the pulse risinig to IN).Since that timiie ouly one tabloid hias beeni adminiistered each1 day.l)uring the lir st for-tniiglht of treatment witlh the tabloids the patient lost lleslh altlhouiglh lher appetite niever failed, but since thieu slic hias enitirely r-egainled lhCer usual appear- ance.The patient was allowed out of I)ed oin December 21st, and has becie going aboutt hey' customary avocations ever sinice."so IlluchI with regard to her geiieal conditioni uinder the thiyroidl tabloids; iovwith regard to the psoriasis.On D)ecember loti, that is to say the day when the thyroidisin imianifested itseli, the itchling was greatly reduced.In a eay or two the hyperzemia becamiie more dull, and thlell e scrufl; wlich hlad always re-formied wh1ei it was reioved, ceased to reappear.In each patchi the samie setiuciiec of evenits took place.The ielling was first lost, then the redness, and eventually the scruff.Iiii- proveiUent everywliere hias been general and rapid.The smialler spots yielded first and the largest patch hias been the last to go.And nlow only blotches of pigmiientation itiark the sites of the patelies of psoriasis, and these blotches tlhemiselves are daily becoming less distinct.The tabloids are still beinig given." I may add that at first the diet in Mrs. A.'s case was restricted to plain food with no conidimiienits, and au inijunction was givene to partake of aninmal food sparingly; but during the treatmnentwitlh the tlhyroid tabloids ordinary diet was allowed in aniy proportions the patient tlhouglht fit to take.Her appetite was always good."I regret that, owing to a natural icluctaniee oni the part of the patient, 1 amn unable to furniisl you witlh plhotograplhs or drawinigs of the cbase." Believe ine, "Faithifully yours, " D. LENNOX.
Twenty-three year follow-up after the arterial switch for transposition of the great arteries Paul A. Hutter, Dieuwertje L. Kreb, Suzan F. Mantel, Francois J. Hitchcock, Ger B. W. E. Bennink, Erik J. Meijboom. Wilhelmina Children's Hospital/UMC, Utrecht, The Netherlands
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Ultracentrifugation systematically overestimates vesicular cholesterol levels in bile
Authors: P Yuet
Journal: Hepatology (1996)

To accurately determine the cholesterol (Ch) distribution between mixed micelles and vesicles in lithogenic bile, both ultracentrifugation and gel chromatography with the correct intermixed micellar/vesicular bile salt concentration (IMC) have been proposed. We have systematically compared both separation techniques with physiological model biles to ascertain their quantitative separation ability. After determination of optimal ultra-centrifugation conditions in systems containing only micelles or vesicles, Ch-supersaturated model biles [3-10 g/dL, 10 mol percent Ch, taurocholate (TC)]/([TC + egg yolk phosphatidylcholine (EYPC)] = 0.6 and 0.7) were adjusted to a density of 1.03 g/mL, and ultracentrifuged at 42,000 rpm and 37 degrees C for 13 hours. Identical model biles were subjected to gel chromatography with the correct IMC, either directly or after remixing and incubation at 37 degrees C after ultracentrifugation. By ultracentrifugation, 31 percent +/- 2 percent (TC/(TC + EYPC) = 0.6) and 40 percent +/- 5 percent (TC/(TC + EYPC) = 0.7) of total Ch were found in vesicles (Ch/EYPC molar ratios = 1.0 and 1.3, respectively). However, by gel chromatography, only 19 percent +/- 2 percent (Ch/EYPC = 1.0) and 22 percent +/- 2 percent (Ch/EYPC = 1.5) of total Ch were found in the corresponding biles. Gel chromatography of biles (TC/(TC + EYPC) = 0.7) ultracentrifuged for various durations showed a progressive increase in vesicular Ch to 41 percent after 13 hours. On incubation for 11.5 hours after ultracentrifugation, vesicular Ch decreased to 31 percent, thus approaching the initial (gel chromatography) value. Quasielastic light scattering also demonstrated formation of vesicles in ultracentrifuged Ch-unsaturated model bile (cholesterol saturation index (CSI) approximately 0.97). As compared with gel chromatography, ultracentrifugation systematically elevates vesicular Ch, possibly because of induced shifts in lipids between lipid aggregates caused by variation in local bile salt concentration. Because ultracentrifugation can alter the phases present in bile, gel chromatography with the correct IMC more accurately represents the distribution of Ch in biliary lipid aggregates.
An Address Delivered at the Opening of the Section of Surgery
Authors: J. Hilton
Journal: BMJ (1873)

phates are largely given, and with great confidence in their good effects.Why?What is their mode of action?The phosphates came away rapidly from the broken-up tissues in certain diseases.I would repeat the question I have put with regard to iron-Can the passive crystalloid phosphate draw to itself the elements of the energetic colloid to replace the broken-up structures ?Does the iron taken into the stomach diffuse itself passively through the tissues?In what way do antimony, arsenic, mercury, silver, and lead accumulate in the system ?Do they diffuse themselves through the whole of the colloids ?The action of the ergot of rye, of chloral, of quininie, of the bromide and iodide of potassium, of the potash salts, of the narcotics, and of many other drugs is as yet imperfectly ascertained.The influence of the cold bath, the wet sheet, the douche, wet sponging, and the local application of cold or heat on the temperature of the body calls for inquiry.The effects of certain kinds of food much employed in the sick-room are not yet known.What is the effect on the frame of Liebig's essence of meat, which con- tains no protein element-not even albumen-which contains little be- sides the fragrance of meat, and nitrogenous compounds.The same question, a little modified, applies to beef-tea and chicken-broth.Is it right to give those liquids, charged as they are with nitrogenous com- pounds, to patients affected with Bright's disease, whose blood is already poisonously saturated with broken-up nitrogenous compounds ?These important practical questions call for careful, patient, and un- biassed investigation.That investigation cannot be carried out without the aid of extensive self-recording instruments, accurate chemical appa- ratus, and other appliances.Our Association has hitherto been unable to devote any portion of its income to the awarding of grants to aid in the investigation of disease and its treatment, but it is to be hoped that the time is rapidly ap- proaching when it will have such means at its command, and that it will soon distribute grants of money to individual workers, or to committees to enable them to investigate disease.
Abstract SY30-03: Desmoplastic matrices: Enablers of a synapse-like axis in pancreatic cancer
Authors: Edna Cukierman
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is predicted to soon become the second killer cancer in the USA. One of the hallmarks of PDAC is desmoplasia, which mostly consists of an expansion in activated stellate cells, known as cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs), and remodeling of their extracellular matrix. Desmoplasia is a major culprit for the unique PDAC microenvironment; it collapses blood vessels, restricting nutrients, and fosters immunosuppression. Crosstalk between CAFs, PDAC, and immune cells, within this microenvironment, is not fully understood. This seminar will shed light on how CAF-derived matrices trigger a new signaling axis, akin to excitatory synaptic stress, responsible for CAF support of tumor cells under nutritional restriction as well as fostering pro-tumoral immunosuppression. The study identifies a novel potential target for PDAC, a cancer that is in desperate need of new and more effective therapies. Citation Format: Edna Cukierman. Desmoplastic matrices: Enablers of a synapse-like axis in pancreatic cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr SY30-03.
Primary torsion of the greater omentum. A rare cause of abdominal pain in children
Authors: M. J. Sweeney
Journal: JAMA (1983)

PRIMARY torsion of the greater omentum is a rare cause of abdominal pain in children. Its clinical presentation mimics that of acute appendicitis. Diagnosis is rarely considered before laparotomy. Despite recognition of this syndrome since first described by Eitel<sup>1</sup>in 1899, no distinguishing features have been identified to separate this condition from other causes of acute abdominal pain. Proper diagnosis depends on recognition of the lesion at laparotomy. A case of primary torsion of the greater omentum occurred in an 11-year-old child. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> An 11-year-old boy was seen in the emergency department with a 36-hour history of abdominal pain. Symptoms began as periumbilical discomfort, gradually increasing and localizing as right lower quadrant abdominal pain. He had vomited twice and was anorexic. There were no other complaints; there was no history of abdominal surgery or trauma; and the review of systems as well as his medical history
Xanthogranulomatous Pyelonephritis
Authors: Lucas X Marinacci, Ivy Rosales
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2018)

A 73-year-old woman with diabetes and recurrent urinary tract infection presented with fever and lethargy. CT revealed an enlarged kidney with staghorn calculus, cortical atrophy, and calyceal dilatation. After nephrectomy, xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis was diagnosed.
Epilepsy
Authors: Kaarkuzhali B. Krishnamurthy
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2016)

This issue provides a clinical overview of epilepsy, focusing on diagnosis, prevention, treatment, and further considerations. The content of In the Clinic is drawn from the clinical information and education resources of the American College of Physicians (ACP), including MKSAP (Medical Knowledge and Self-Assessment Program). Annals of Internal Medicine editors develop In the Clinic in collaboration with the ACP's Medical Education and Publishing divisions and with the assistance of additional science writers and physician writers.
THE CHEAPENING OF THE PROFESSION.
Journal: JAMA (1897)

A recently published work on " The Mystery of Sleep," among other statements wise or otherwise, says that if the investigation of the mystery of sleep were taken up with the same incentives and by the same class of minds as those now engaged in the study of electricity, it would be as clearly understood as is that agent at the present time. Of course this involves the assumption, based on very insufficient appreciation of the facts that we have at present a better knowledge of the nature and phenomena of electricity than we have of those of sleep, but the feature of the utterance that chiefly calls for notice is the implied assumption that a superior grade of intellect is engaged in the field of physical than of physiologic research, in short, the too common notion that the medical profession does not contain the highest type of intellect as compared