tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
THE SPREAD OF EPIDEMIC CEREBROSPINAL MENINGITIS.
Journal: JAMA (1901)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Infectious mononucleosis complicated by myocarditis and pericarditis
Authors: J. M. Hudgins
Journal: JAMA (1976)

MYOCARDITIS and pericarditis are occasional complications of infectious mononucleosis. An unusual case is reported in which symptoms simulated an acute coronary occlusion. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> An 18-year-old male laborer was seen in the Miller Hospital emergency room on Sept 7, 1974, complaining of severe retrosternal pain radiating into his neck and left arm. The pain had developed at rest and had been present for more than one hour. It was neither related to body position nor aggravated by breathing. The evening before, after several hours of physical exertion, he had experienced similar pain lasting two hours. On Sept 2, he had felt fatigued and had a short bout of chest pain that subsided promptly after rest. He complained also of severe headache, sore throat, fatigue, and occasional shortness of breath. At 9 years of age, he had been examined because of a cardiac murmur associated with leg cramps. The
Percutaneous injuries during operation. Who is at risk for what?
Authors: R. L. Nichols
Journal: JAMA (1992)

Despite the high standards set for performance, equipment, and a controlled, safe environment, the modern operating room remains potentially hostile to both the patient and the surgical team.<sup>1</sup>Health hazards, although uncommonly encountered, include those of a physical, chemical, and biological nature. Prior to the early 1980s, when the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was found to cause the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), the emphasis concerning biological hazards was placed on the patient as a host for nosocomial bacterial infections. Consideration of the patient as the vector of blood-borne viral infections has evolved during the last decade—a late realization considering the 30-year knowledge that hepatitis B virus (HBV) is acquired in the workplace and has been responsible for many deaths, now estimated at over 200 health care workers (HCWs) annually.<sup>2,3</sup>It appears that the apparently uniform fatal outcome of clinical AIDS, combined with the absence of a preventive vaccine
High marks for hyperthyroid therapies
Authors: W. Check
Journal: JAMA (1978)

Favorable assessments of two treatments for hyperthyroidism were presented at the recent meeting of the American Thyroid Association. Colum Gorman, MB, PhD, consultant in endocrinology at the Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn, reported that single-dose treatment with the radioactive isotope iodine 131 in a woman with hyperthyroidism results in only a small amount of irradiation to the ovaries. Dorraine W. Slingerland, MD, of the Boston Veterans Administration and Peter Bent Brigham hospitals, reviewed 25 years of treating hyperthyroidism with drugs and reported a high incidence of long-term remissions. When<sup>131</sup>I treatment for hyperthyroidism was introduced about 30 years ago, its use was limited to older people because of fears about induction of cancer or genetic damage by the radiation. Over the years, experience has seemed to warrant reduction of the minimum age to 40 years. But many people with hyperthyroidism are between ages 20 and 40 years, and a majority
Inhibition of mediator and cytokine release from dispersed nasal polyp cells by terfenadine
Authors: L. Crampette, B. Mainprice, M. Bloom, J. Bousquet, A. M. Campbell
Journal: Allergy (1996)

The mechanism of action of H1-lockers requires elucidation because they may possess properties unrelated to the blockage of histamine at its receptor level. A study was performed with enzymatically dispersed cells obtained from nasal polyps to examine the effect of terfenadine (0.1–10 μmol) on the release of leukotrienes (LT) (LTC4/D4 and LTB4) after stimulation by anti-IgE, and on the spontaneous release of cytokines (granulocyte/macrophage-colony stimulating factor [GM-CSF] and tumor necrosis factor-alpha [TNF-α]) released from cells cultured for 6 h. Terfenadine inhibited significantly, and in a dose-dependent manner, the release of LTC4/D4, LTB4, TNF-α, and GM-CSF. IC50 values were determined for LTC4/D, (8 μmol), LTB4 (9.9 μmol), TNF-α (6.1 μmol), and GM-CSF (4 μmol). Terfenadine was found to possess new antiallergic properties with a novel in vitro model which mimics more closely inflammatory cells of allergic rhinitis or asthma.
Short Stature and Growth Hormone Therapy
Authors: Leona Cuttler
Journal: JAMA (1996)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To determine current expert opinion and recommendations regarding the controversial issue of the use of growth hormone (GH) to treat short children who do not have classical GH deficiency (non-GHD children). <h3>Study Design.</h3> —Analysis of a national survey mailed to 534 US physician experts on the management of short stature (pediatric endocrinologists) with a response rate of 81.3%. <h3>Main Outcome Measure.</h3> —The experts' GH treatment recommendations. <h3>Results.</h3> —The physicians reported that approximately 58% of their current patients undergoing GH therapy have classical GH deficiency, while 42% have other conditions. The proportion of physicians who recommended GH treatment of short non-GHD children ranged from 1% to 74% over all case scenarios presented. The likelihood of GH being recommended depended on the physiological growth characteristics of the child (ie, the child's height, growth rate, and predicted adult height), contingency factors (ie, strong family wishes or a reduction in GH cost), and physician beliefs (ie, the impact of short stature on well-being, the effectiveness of GH therapy). Each of these factors exerted highly significant, independent, and additive effects on decisions to recommend GH. <h3>Conclusion.</h3> —Our results indicate that many pediatric endocrinologists consider GH treatment appropriate for selected short non-GHD children, going beyond current Food and Drug Administration-approved indications for GH. Decisions to recommend GH for a non-GHD child rest on a combination of medical, social, and perceptual factors; variations in treatment patterns stem from variations in these influences. Future GH use will likely be determined not only by the results of controlled trials, but also by family preferences, producer pricing, and physician perceptions of the value of height and GH therapy.
Knowledge, attitudes, and reported practices of medical students and house staff regarding the diagnosis and treatment of alcoholism
Authors: G. Geller
Journal: JAMA (1989)

Although alcoholism is prevalent in both general and inpatient populations, barriers to its timely diagnosis and effective treatment exist. These are often attributed to physicians' inadequate understanding and skill development and negative attitudes toward the disease. All Johns Hopkins' medical students and house staff, during 1986 through 1987, received a self-administered survey of their attitudes, skills, perceived role responsibility, knowledge, and reported practices with regard to alcoholism. Results indicate a strong relationship between perceived role responsibility, confidence in skills, and reported screening and referral practices among students and house staff. Knowledge levels strengthened the association between skills and practices for medical students. House staff perceived less of a responsibility for screening than medical students. There was a trend toward lower confidence and more negative attitudes among house staff than medical students. The results point to areas where educational interventions can be improved to enhance quality of care and outcomes for this major chronic disease. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1989;261:3115-3120)
Bcl-x<sub>L</sub>regulates mitochondrial energetics by stabilizing the inner membrane potential
Authors: Ying-bei Chen, Miguel A. Aon, Yi-Te Hsu, Lucian Soane, Xinchen Teng, J. Michael McCaffery, Wen-Chih Cheng, Bing Qi, Hongmei Li, Kambiz N. Alavian, Margaret Dayhoff-Brannigan, Shifa Zou, Fernando J. Pineda, Brian O'Rourke, Young H. Ko, Peter L. Pedersen, Leonard K. Kaczmarek, Elizabeth A. Jonas, J. Marie Hardwick
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2011)
The Clearing
Authors: Lawrence J. Hergott
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2017)

Ad Libitum16 May 2017The ClearingLawrence J. Hergott, MDLawrence J. Hergott, MDFrom University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, Colorado.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/M17-0017 Audio Reading - “The Clearing” Audio. Michael A. LaCombe, MD, Annals Associate Editor, reads "The Clearing," by L.J. Hergott. Your browser does not support the audio element. Audio player progress bar Step backward in current audio track Play current audio trackPause current audio track Step forward in current audio track Mute current audio trackUnmute current audio track 00:00/ SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail It came to himjust after his hand left the cold metal railand he began to drop.Before,a leaden shroudof sadnessand separationled him to deemhis agony no longer bearable.So,to end his torment,he jumped off the Golden Gate Bridge.What came to him as he fell,tumbling and flailing,was a thought unexpected—“The only real problem in your lifeis that you just jumped off the Golden Gate Bridge.”He saw the thing that mattered,that made the rest disperse,that needed attention utterly.Having seen,he fought to right himself,did,and lived.Seeing the thing that mattered—and righting himself—he lived. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, Colorado.Current Author Address: Lawrence J. Hergott, MD; e-mail, [email protected]net. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement Audio Reading - “The Clearing” Audio. Michael A. LaCombe, MD, Annals Associate Editor, reads "The Clearing," by L.J. Hergott. Your browser does not support the audio element. Audio player progress bar Step backward in current audio track Play current audio trackPause current audio track Step forward in current audio track Mute current audio trackUnmute current audio track 00:00/ FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 16 May 2017Volume 166, Issue 10Page: 732 ePublished: 16 May 2017 Issue Published: 16 May 2017 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2017 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Induction of endotoxin tolerance in transgenic mouse liver expressing creatine kinase
Authors: E Hatano
Journal: Hepatology (1996)

The liver plays an important role in maintaining homeostasis during endotoxin-triggered systemic inflammatory response. To study the effects of phosphocreatine on hepatic energy metabolism after endotoxin administration, we used transgenic mice whose livers express creatine kinase (CK). CK catalyzes a phosphocreatine/creatine reaction, that is, an adenosine triphosphate (ATP) reservoir system. Because dietary supplementation with creatine leads to an accumulation of creatine and phosphocreatine in transgenic livers, we compared the CK transgenic mice fed with creatine with the normally fed CK transgenic mice. In the creatine-fed mice, hepatic ATP, energy charge ([ATP + 0.5 adenosine diphosphate (ADP)]/[ATP + ADP + adenosine monophosphate (AMP)]), and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation activities remained at high levels after injection of 10 mg/kg of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) as compared with those in normally fed mice. Furthermore, there were beneficial effects on the functional reserve for ATP synthesis and work-cost performance, as calculated by free cytoplasmic ADP and the Michaelis constant (Km). Interestingly, a reduction of tissue necrosis factor α and interleukin-lα (IL-lα), and suppression of the decrease in glucose levels after LPS injection were observed in the creatine fed mice. Survival rates at 72 hours after injection of 10 mg/kg of LPS significantly increased in the creatine fed mice compared with the normally fed mice (80% vs. 24%, P < .001). Therefore, we concluded that the presence of phosphocreatine in the liver maintains energy metabolism and attenuates cytokine response, resulting in endotoxin tolerance.
Emergency Medicine
Authors: William G. Barsan
Journal: JAMA (1991)

Cardiac and brain resuscitation have continued to be dominant areas for research in 1990. The spectacular failure of cardiopulmonary resuscitation to successfully resuscitate all but a small minority of patients has motivated a number of investigations on the method of performance of advanced cardiac life support. Animal studies have demonstrated that the empiric dosage of epinephrine in cardiac arrest may be inadequate to produce sufficient cardiac and cerebral perfusion pressures during cardiopulmonary resuscitation and that larger doses may be more successful. Human studies show that the coronary perfusion pressure achieved during cardiopulmonary resuscitation is the most important predictor of successful resuscitation.<sup>1</sup>Paradis et al<sup>1</sup>studied 100 patients in cardiac arrest to determine the relationship of coronary perfusion pressure to return of spontaneous circulation. No patients with a coronary perfusion pressure of less than 15 mm Hg had return of spontaneous circulation. Arterial blood gas values had a poor
Mitral obstruction by vegetations of staphylococcal endocarditis
Authors: R. Reeve
Journal: JAMA (1974)

ACUTE valvular insufficiency during active endocarditis is a well-recognized complication that may require surgical intervention. The development of acute valvular obstruction as a result of vegetations is a rare complication of endocarditis, and to our knowledge has not been treated surgically. Mitral obstruction caused by vegetations of bacterial endocarditis has been reported in only one patient, a 21-year-old woman with group B β-hemolytic streptococcal endocarditis.<sup>1,2</sup>At physical examination, apical systolic and diastolic murmurs were heard. Autopsy disclosed a mildly scarred mitral valve with severe obstruction due to the vegetation alone. Roberts et al<sup>1,2</sup>also reported one case of aortic obstruction caused by vegetations of<i>Candida parapsilosis</i>endocarditis of 11 months' duration in a 26-year-old narcotic addict and one case of possible tricuspid obstruction<sup>3</sup>from the vegetations of<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>endocarditis in a 35-year-old heroin addict. We have observed a patient in whom severe mitral obstruction developed in
AËRO-URETHROSCOPY.
Authors: WILLIAM K. OTIS
Journal: JAMA (1895)

Notwithstanding the very great improvements made in urethroscopic instruments during the past few years, the urethroscopic field, in point of size, is still far from being entirely satisfactory. Since the invention of the original illuminating apparatus, little if any change has been made in urethroscopic tubes, though they have borne various names and been constructed of many different materials. Glass from its transparency seemed especially adapted to this purpose, but the reflections from its surface and the changes produced by pressure on the mucous membrane, together with the danger of fracture if used in the deeper urethra, render it practically valueless. The discovery in 1870 of the great underestimation of the normal urethral caliber permitted the use of much larger tubes, with a corresponding increase in the size of the field; but the practical urethroscopic tube remained and still remains a simple straight tube. In the year 1887 the late
Smoke
Authors: Donna Pucciani
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Optical Dictionary. An Optical and Ophthalmological Glossary of English Terms, Symbols and Abbreviations, Together with the English Equivalents of some French and German Terms Relating to Physical, Physiological and Pathological Optics, Optical and Other Instruments of Precision, and Terms Descriptive of Color and Photo-chemistry, to Which Are Added a Number of General and Mathematical Expressions.
Journal: JAMA (1904)

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Mechanical ventilation with heated humidifiers or heat and moisture exchangers: effects on patient colonization and incidence of nosocomial pneumonia.
Authors: D Dreyfuss, K Djedaïni, I Gros, L Mier, G Le Bourdellés, Y Cohen, P Estagnasié, F Coste, Y Boussougant
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1995)

The contribution of ventilator circuit bacterial contamination to the occurrence of ventilator-associated pneumonia remains controversial. In a previous study, we found that the incidence of pneumonia was identical with ventilator circuit changes every 48 h and with no ventilator circuit changes. The present study prospectively assessed whether keeping ventilator circuits clean with a heat and moisture exchanger exhibiting antimicrobial barrier properties affects patient colonization and the incidence of nosocomial pneumonia in patients receiving mechanical ventilation for more than 48 h. Consecutive patients were randomly allocated to humidification with either a heat and moisture exchanger (Group 1, n = 61) or a heated humidifier (Group 2, n = 70). In both groups, no circuit changes were performed throughout ventilatory support. Duration of mechanical ventilation was identical in both groups (10 +/- 8.6 d (range: 2 to 47) in Group 1 and 12.5 +/- 14.2 d [range: 2 to 85] in Group 2). The incidence of pneumonia (positive quantitative culture of protected brush specimen) was similar in both groups (6/61 and 8/70 in Groups 1 and 2, respectively; p = 0.8), as was duration of ventilation prior to pneumonia (9 +/- 5.9 versus 8.2 +/- 5.7 d; p = 0.8). Ventilator tubing contamination was considerably reduced with the use of a heat and moisture exchanger. In contrast, bacterial colonization of the pharynx and trachea was identical in both groups. These results suggest that circuit colonization plays little or no role in the occurrence of ventilator-associated pneumonia, provided usual maintenance precautions are applied.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Screening for impaired hearing in the elderly
Authors: G. J. Macphee
Journal: JAMA (1988)

<h3>To the Editor. —</h3> We read with interest the article by Lichtenstein et al<sup>1</sup>on the validation of screening tools for identifying the hearing-impaired elderly and firmly agree with the need to screen the elderly. In contrast to the authors, however, we would suggest that free field voice testing is a reliable method of detecting hearing impairment. Swan and Browning<sup>2</sup>assessed the reliability of a whispered voice at 60 cm (2 ft) in excluding significant hearing impairment in 101 patients of all ages attending an audiology clinic. All the patients who passed this screening test possessed hearing of 30 dB or better when compared with pure tone audiometry. The false-positive rate with this screening test was only 15%. In a recent study,<sup>3</sup>we used a similar method to screen 62 patients consecutively admitted to a geriatric unit for hearing impairment. Free field voice testing was performed at
SUTURE OF WOUNDS OF HEART.
Journal: JAMA (1900)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Intravenous myocardial contrast echocardiography early after acute myocardial infarction predicts myocardial contractile reserve and functional recovery at follow-up Paolo Colonna, Christian Cadeddu, Roberta Montisci, Lijun Chen, Massimo Ruscazio, Luigi Meloni, Sabino Iliceto. Department of Cardiovascular and Neurological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)