tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Specialty board certification rates. A longitudinal tracking study of US medical school graduates
Authors: E. J. Levit
Journal: JAMA (1978)

This study is a follow-up analysis of increments in specialty board certification rates occurring between 1971 and 1976 for 2,046 physicians who graduated in 1960, 1964, and 1968. Data obtained at 8-, 12-, and 16-year intervals following graduation from medical school indicate that it is not until 12 years' following receipt of the MD degree that most physicians will have entered the certification process or be certified. An additional increment is found 16 years following graduation. At eight and 12 years following graduation, the more recent graduates showed a much higher rate of board certification than earlier graduates at a comparable interval following graduation. Of the total study population, 81% are either board certified or in the certification process. When two essentially office-based specialties are excluded, 92% of the study population have formally entered the certification process. (<i>JAMA</i>239:407-412, 1978)
Adding seeds to the diet may keep cancer at bay
Authors: B. Merz
Journal: JAMA (1983)

Recent epidemiologic evidence seems to indicate that Jack Spratt, by virtue of his preference for lean meat, is at lower risk for developing certain types of cancer than is his lipid-loving spouse. However, as participants at a recent seminar sponsored by the American Cancer Society were told, both Spratts may be at greater cancer risk than vegetarians. Still, they may be able to substantially lower their chances of developing cancer by adding seeds to their diet. This is the conclusion drawn by Walter Troll, PhD, professor of environmental medicine, New York University School of Medicine. Troll analyzed data from epidemiologic studies indicating that prostatic, breast, and colon cancer rates are higher in populations consuming relatively large quantities of meat (<i>Int J Cancer</i>1975;15:617-631) and lower in populations whose diet is rich in such "seed foods" as maize, beans, and rice (<i>Cancer Res</i>1981;41:3685-3690). He hypothesizes not only that the high
Chaucer and medicine
Authors: Y. V. O'Neill
Journal: JAMA (1969)

On Tuesday evening, April 16, 1387, twenty-nine pilgrims gathered at the Tabard, an inn on the south bank of the Thames. Thus began a journey that immortalized the man who had envisaged it, as well as the society that produced him.<i>The Canterbury Tales</i>are perhaps the finest expression of Chaucer's genius, and his writings are a perpetual fountain of data concerning life and learning in medieval England. Exceptionally endowed with abundant good sense and originality, Chaucer, like most educated men of his time, was also well grounded in the medical lore of the 14th century, as even a cursory reading of any of his longer works will demonstrate. Considering the wealth of this material, and the fact that elaborate scholarly scaffoldings have been erected on even seemingly insignificant details in his poems, it is surprising to find that relatively little attention has yet been directed toward numerous allusions to
Managed Care, Mental Health, and the Marketplace
Authors: Ronald E. Cann
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —In response to the Commentary by Drs Jellinek and Nurcombe,<sup>1</sup>I would point out that there are other more realistic views as to what is occurring in US psychiatry. To focus on the profit motive as the explanation of the changes is similar to dismissing the Industrial Revolution as simply an attempt by the capitalists to exploit the proletariat. Psychiatrists may mourn the passing of their golden age of innocence and independence, but the traditional covenant between physician and patient has undergone many modifications over the centuries growing out of an interplay between societal needs and the individual interests of both parties. The health care provision system is beginning to focus on managing the health of whole populations in the context of limited resources, rather than doing everything possible for the individual patient. Clinicians must be part of a larger system providing greater access to care
Manuscripts Approved for JNCI, January 1 to February 1, 1967
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1967)

Manuscripts Approved for JNCI, January 1 to February 1, 1967 Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 38, Issue 3, March 1967, Page 435, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/38.3.435 Published: 01 March 1967
Plasma calprotectin: A new prognostic marker of survival in alcohol-induced cirrhosis
Authors: C HOMANN
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

Plasma levels of calprotectin were determined in 84 patients with alcohol-induced cirrhosis. Calprotectin is released from disintegrating neutrophils, and plasma levels seem to reflect activation and turnover of such cells. The purpose of the study was to investigate the degree of activation of neutrophils, which has been indicated to be increased and a cause of neutrophil exhaustion in these patients. Additionally, on follow-up after a median observation period of 559 days, we investigated the prognostic value of calprotectin for survival. No difference was found in calprotectin levels when comparing healthy controls with patients with compensated cirrhosis and those with decompensated cirrhosis. However, high calprotectin concentrations (>median) were a significant prognostic marker of poor survival (P = .001, log-rank test). Using a multivariate Cox proportional hazard model, the prognostic value of calprotectin seemed independent of severity of liver disease evaluated on eight clinical and biochemical variables of liver disease. Divided into groups by the median calprotectin concentration, analysis of survival was performed in the whole series of patients (n = 84) as well as in patients who were completely without signs of recent or actual infection (n = 54). In both groups, calprotectin levels (>median) showed a much higher prognostic value than albumin, prothrombin complex, bilirubin, and ascites. During follow-up, calprotectin levels (>median) were also a predictor of recurrent infection (P = .009). Thus, in patients with alcoholic cirrhosis, plasma calprotectin seems to be a new prognostic marker of survival, which seems independent of the severity of liver disease. Furthermore, high plasma calprotectin levels may characterize a group of patients with cirrhosis with recurring bacterial infections. (HEPATOLOGY 1995; 21:979–985.)
THU0021 Variation at Fcgr2A and Functionally Related Genes is Associated with the Response to Anti-Tnf Therapy in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: S. Marsal, G. Avila-Pedretti, J. Tornero, A. Fernández-Nebro, F. Blanco, I. González-Alvaro, J.D. Cañete, J. Maymό, M. Alperiz, B. Fernández-Gutiérrez, A. Olivé, H. Corominas, A. Erra, A. Aterido, M. Lόpez Lasanta, R. Tortosa, A. Julià
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Anti-TNF therapies have been highly efficacious in the management of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), but 25-30% of patients do not show a significant clinical response. There is increasing evidence that genetic variation at the Fc receptor <i>FCGR2A</i> is associated with the response to anti-TNF therapy. <h3>Objectives</h3> We aimed to validate this genetic association in a patient cohort from the Spanish population, and also to identify new genes functionally related to <i>FCGR2A</i> that are also associated with anti-TNF response. <h3>Methods</h3> A total of 348 RA patients treated with an anti-TNF therapy were included and genotyped for <i>FCGR2A</i> polymorphism rs1081274. Response to therapy was determined at 12 weeks, and was tested for association globally and independently for each anti-TNF drug (infliximab, etanercept and adalimumab). Using gene expression profiles from macrophages obtained from synovial fluid of RA patients, we searched for genes highly correlated with <i>FCGR2A</i> expression. Tag SNPs were selected from each candidate gene and tested for association with the response to therapy. <h3>Results</h3> We found a significant association between <i>FCGR2A</i> and the response to adalimumab (<i>P</i>=0.022). Analyzing the subset of anti-CCP positive RA patients (78%), we also found a significant association between <i>FCGR2A</i> and the response to infliximab (<i>P</i>=0.035). <i>DHX32</i> and <i>RGS12</i> were the most consistently correlated genes with <i>FCGR2A</i> expression in RA synovial fluid macrophages (<i>P</i>&lt;0.001). We found a significant association between the genetic variation at <i>DHX32</i> and <i>RGS12</i> and the response to adalimumab (rs12356233, <i>P</i>=0.0064 and rs4690093, <i>P</i>=0.040, respectively). In the anti-CCP positive group of patients, we also found a significant association between <i>RGS12</i> and the response to infliximab (rs2857859, <i>P</i>=0.042). <h3>Conclusions</h3> In the present study we have validated the <i>FCGR2A</i> association in an independent population, and we have identified new genes associated with the response to anti-TNF therapy in RA. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Updated consensus statement on biological agents for the treatment of rheumatic diseases, 2008
Authors: D E Furst, E C Keystone, B Kirkham, R Fleischmann, P Mease, F C Breedveld, J S Smolen, J R Kalden, G R Burmester, J Braun, P Emery, K Winthrop, B Bresnihan, F De Benedetti, T Dörner, A Gibofsky, M H Schiff, J Sieper, N Singer, P L C M Van Riel, M E Weinblatt, M H Weisman
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2008)
Epidemiologic, clinical, and laboratory findings of human ehrlichiosis in the United States, 1988
Authors: T. R. Eng
Journal: JAMA (1990)

In 1988, the Centers for Disease Control and the Oklahoma State Department of Health identified 40 patients who had a fourfold or greater change in antibody titer in response to<i>Ehrlichia canis</i>. The median age of these patients was 42 years, 83% were male, 76% became ill between May and July, and 92% reported recent exposures to ticks. Patients resided in or were exposed to ticks in 14 states, including five where ehrlichiosis had not been reported before 1988. Thirty-four patients (85%) were hospitalized, and many had serious complications, including acute respiratory failure (seven patients), encephalopathy (six patients), and acute renal failure (four patients). Pulmonary infiltrates were demonstrated in 14 patients, cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis was seen in 10 patients, and elevated levels of serum creatinine were demonstrated in eight patients. Two patients, both of whom had preexisting medical problems, died. Nonhospitalized patients received tetracycline therapy earlier in the course of their illness than hospitalized patients. There was no significant difference in the interval from initiation of antibiotic therapy to the first day of defervescence between patients treated with tetracyclines and those treated with chloramphenicol. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1990;264:2251-2258)
BOOK REVIEWS
Authors: M. LEVINE
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1990)

Journal Article BOOK REVIEWS Get access Breast Cancer . B. J. Kennedy , ed. New York : Alan R. Liss, Inc. , 1989 , 280 pp. $75. MARSHALL LEVINE MARSHALL LEVINE 4000 Old Court Rd., Ste. 306 Baltimore, MD 21208 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 82, Issue 18, 19 September 1990, Pages 1506–1507, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/82.18.1506-a Published: 19 September 1990
Hypocalcemia, Hypoparathyroidism, and Osteoblastic Metastases
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A portable electrocardiographic screening device. An evaluation
Authors: D. Christie
Journal: JAMA (1973)

We evaluated the Electro-Cardio-Analyzer (ECA), which is a portable electronic device designed for mass electrocardiographic screening. Its verdicts have been compared with those of conventional electrocardiography in a series of 2,595 middle-aged men who were examined in factory medical departments. Among 117 with reported ischemic-type abnormalities in the electrocardiogram, 88% were correctly identified by the ECA; in most instances, the undetected changes were of debatable clinical importance. The false-positive rate varied according to the particular circumstances in which the instrument was used, emphasizing the need for careful standardization of screening procedures. If mass electrocardiographic screening is adopted for the early detection of coronary heart disease, the ECA may find an application in reducing the load on conventional electrocardiographic services.
Usefulness of Serial Measurement of Serum N-Telopeptides of Type I Collogen (NTX) in Patients with Lung Cancer who Developed Bone Metastasis: A Prospective Study
Authors: M. Tamiya, S. Tokunaga, H. Okada, K. Taira, H. Daga, N. Morishita, H. Suzuki, N. Okamoto, K. Takeda, T. Hirashima
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2012)
Cytokine modulation of atopic dermatitis filaggrin skin expression
Authors: Michael D. Howell, Byung Eui Kim, Peisong Gao, Audrey V. Grant, Mark Boguniewicz, Anna DeBenedetto, Lynda Schneider, Lisa A. Beck, Kathleen C. Barnes, Donald Y.M. Leung
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2009)
Abstract 4798: The Ashitaba (<i>Angelica keiskei</i>) chalcones 4-hydroxyderricin and xanthoangelol suppress melanomagenesis by targeting BRAF and PI3-K
Authors: Tianshun Zhang, Qiushi Wang, Hitoshi Ashida, Ann Bode, Zigang Dong
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Malignant melanoma is an aggressive tumor of the skin and still lacks effective preventive and therapeutic approaches. In melanoma, both the BRAF/MEK/ERK and PI3-K/AKT signaling pathways are constitutively activated though multiple mechanisms, which result in cell cycle progression and prevention of apoptosis. Therefore, the development of novel strategies for targeting BRAF and PI3-K are of utmost importance. In the current study, we found that the Ashitaba (Angelica keiskei) chalcones, 4-hydroxyderricin (4HD) and xanthoangelol (XAG), suppressed melanoma carcinogenesis by directly targeting both BRAFV600E and PI3-K, which blocked the activation of downstream signaling. This led to the induction of G1 phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in melanoma cells. Importantly, 4HD and XAG dramatically attenuated tumor incidence and volume in the BRAF-activated Pten-deficient melanoma mouse model. Our findings suggest that 4HD and XAG are promising chemopreventive or potential therapeutic agents against melanomagenesis that act by targeting both BRAF and PI3-K, providing hope for rapid clinical translation. Citation Format: Tianshun Zhang, Qiushi Wang, Hitoshi Ashida, Ann Bode, Zigang Dong. The Ashitaba (Angelica keiskei) chalcones 4-hydroxyderricin and xanthoangelol suppress melanomagenesis by targeting BRAF and PI3-K [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 4798.
The effect of PD-L1 testing on the cost-effectiveness and economic impact of immune checkpoint inhibitors for the second-line treatment of NSCLC
Authors: P.N. Aguiar, L.A. Perry, J. Penny-Dimri, H. Babiker, H. Tadokoro, R.A. de Mello, G.L. Lopes
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2017)
Docetaxel plus prednisone or mitoxantrone plus prednisone for advanced prostate cancer: Updated survival of the TAX 327 study
Authors: D. R. Berthold, G. Pond, R. DeWit, M. Eisenberger, I. F. Tannock
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

5005 Background: The TAX-327 study compared 3 weekly docetaxel (D3), weekly docetaxel (D1) or mitoxantrone (M), each with prednisone (P) for 1006 patients (pts) with metastatic hormone resistant prostate cancer (mHRPC). The original analysis, undertaken in August 2003 when 557 deaths had occurred, showed significantly better survival and response rates for pain, PSA and quality of life for D3 when compared with M (Tannock et al, NEJM 2004;351:1502–12). Here we present the updated survival analysis. Methods: Investigators were asked to provide date of death or last follow up for all patients alive in August 2003. Results: By December 2007 data on 276 additional deaths were obtained (total 833 deaths, see Table ). The survival benefit of D3 as compared with M has persisted with extended follow up while D1 continues to show no significant survival advantage. More patients (17.9% and 16.7%) survived =3 years in the D3 and D1 arms compared to M (13.7%). Similar trends in survival between treatment arms were seen for pts above and below 65 years of age, for those with and without pain at baseline, and for those with baseline PSA above and below median value of 115ng/ml. Conclusions: The present analysis confirms previous findings that survival is significantly longer with D3 than with M. Survival update is ongoing. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.
ARTIFICIALLY INDUCED LEUKEMIA
Journal: JAMA (1934)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Film Reviews
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Uric Acid Calculi Following Ileostomy
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Familial Dyslipidemic Hypertension
Authors: Roger R. Williams
Journal: JAMA (1988)

Population-based sibships with essential hypertension diagnosed before the age of 60 years are being screened in Utah to find two or more hypertensive siblings with the same biochemical abnormality as a clue to an inherited cause for their specific type of hypertension. Among 131 hypertensive subjects in 58 sibships, concordant abnormalities in fasting serum lipid concentrations were observed in two or more siblings in 48% of the sibships. After adjusting for effects of antihypertensive medications, abnormal values reported in only 10% of the Lipid Research Clinics data were observed in 30% of patients for serum triglycerides, 19% for serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and 39% for high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. More than one lipid level was abnormal in almost all concordant sibships, suggesting an association between hypertension and a syndrome of mixed lipid abnormalities, probably familial combined hyperlipidemia (renamed "familial combined<i>dyslipidemia</i>" because of common low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels). We conclude that familial dyslipidemic hypertension may be a specific syndrome with lipid abnormalities more severe than blood pressure elevations. (<i>JAMA</i>1988;259:3579-3586)
The Genesis and Internal Dynamics of El Salvador's People's Revolutionary Army, 1970–1976
Authors: ALBERTO MARTÍN ÁLVAREZ, EUDALD CORTINA ORERO
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2014)

Abstract Using interviews with former militants and previously unpublished documents, this article traces the genesis and internal dynamics of the Ejército Revolucionario del Pueblo (People's Revolutionary Army, ERP) in El Salvador during the early years of its existence (1970–6). This period was marked by the inability of the ERP to maintain internal coherence or any consensus on revolutionary strategy, which led to a series of splits and internal fights over control of the organisation. The evidence marshalled in this case study sheds new light on the origins of the armed Salvadorean Left and thus contributes to a wider understanding of the processes of formation and internal dynamics of armed left-wing groups that emerged from the 1960s onwards in Latin America.