tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Research and risk.
Journal: BMJ (1980)

Research and riskIn times of financial stringency, when many valued activities have to be cut back, medical research is inevitably regarded as more expendable than clinical medicine and teaching.But how does that policy affect the long-term health of medicine?Should we not instead be looking for ways of strengthening research within the limits of the money available?At the very least the options need to be debated, and three recent contributions have provided food for thought.Last week Dr Michael Stoker, in the second Francis Fraser lecture to the British Postgraduate Medical Federation, spoke about "new medicine and new biology."A working group of the Ciba Foundation that has been considering the problems and prospects of academic medicine, including research, has just held a meeting to discuss the issues.Finally, the first publica- tion of the Association of Researchers in Medical Sciences, an organisation formed a few years ago to publicise the problems of research workers, has highlighted the disadvantages and the indignities of the short-term grant system and proposed radical reorganisation.Medical research needs "risk capital" to nurture its growing points.Perutz relates how in 1947 Sir Lawrence Bragg told Sir Edward Mellanby, then secretary of the Medical Research Council, about a "treasure hunt with only the remotest chance of success" that could lead to understanding the workings of life on the molecular scale.1So began what became the Laboratory of Molecular Biology.Today molecular biology impinges on clinical medicine,2 but even now its claims are often regarded sceptically; and Dr Stoker's lecture concluded that, of the chief clinical achievements of recent years, only transplantation, with its reliance on HLA typing, owed any- thing to the new biology.But, as he also observed, success with infectious diseases came long after Pasteur; and he predicted equally revolutionary results in the future from molecular and cell biology, including full understanding of cancer mechanisms and manipulation of the germ line to compensate for hereditary defects.Despite a shorter time scale and more directly practical goals, even in clinical research only a small proportion of papers may turn out 20 years later to -have been fruitful.3A large study, based on over 500 "key" papers, showed that 4100 of work considered crucial to later clinical advance was not clinically oriented at the time it was done, and that 6200 of the papers dealt with basic research.4To generate advance, then, a broad base of research, both clinical and non-clinical, must be supported and risks taken.
The Art of Self-Control: How to Make Your Habits Work for You
Journal: JAMA (1942)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Rethinking Fetal Monitors
Journal: JAMA (1995)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Gastritis
Authors: J Crabtree, G Davies, S Perry, J Wyattr, P Peichl, I Lindley, M Mohammadi, R Redline, S Czinn, J Nedrud, Heucobacter Pylori, Infection Melichar, R Karlicek, J Bures, S Komarkova, B Rejchrt, A Terrs, G Perez-P6rez-, Garcia Buey, J Pajares
Journal: Gut (1995)

Purpose.The gastric mucosal production of IL-8, a neutrophil activating and chemotactic cytokine, and IgA autoantibodies to IL-8 is increased in Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection.IL-8 is acid stable but should be subject to proteolytic degradation if secreted luminally.The aims of this study were to determine if free IL-8 and IL-8/lgA immune complexes are present in gastric juice, their relation to H. pylori infection and gastric juice pH.Methods.At endoscopy, gastric juice samples from 111 dyspeptic patients were collected into protease inhibitors and immediately frozen.Gastric juice pH was measured; following neutralisation to pH 7, free IL-8 and IL-8/lgA immune complexes were measured by ELISA.HP status was determined histologically on antral and corpus biopsies.Results.In patients with gastric juice pH < 4, free IL-8 concentrations in HP-and HP. patients were not significantly different, median (interquartile range [IQR]) being respectively 0.02 ng/ml (IQR 0 -0.14) (n = 41) and 0.023 (IQR 0 -0.21) (n = 37).In patients with gastric juice pH >4, free IL-8 in HP-(0.40 (IQR 0.12 -1.49, n = 18) and HP (0.48 (IQR 0.12 -2.80, n = 15) was significantly greater (p < 0.002) than concentrations in patients with pH < 4. In patients with pH > 4, 10/15 HP+ (66%) and 7/18 (38%) of HP-were on acid suppressant drugs.IL-8/lgA immune complexes were detected significantly more frequently in both HP-(70%) and HP. (71%) patients with gastric juice pH > 4 than those with pH < 4 (HP-,15%; HP.,1B%).Conclusions.In hypochlorhydric states, either atrophy- associated or pharmacologically induced, concentrations of free IL-8 in gastric juice are increased.This may reflect reduced proteolytic degradation of IL-8 at high pH or a reduction in gastric juice volume.The presence of com- plexes of IL-8/lgA in gastric juice suggests local IgA IL-8 autoantibodies may limit free bioactive IL-8.
Hymeneal.
Journal: JAMA (1884)

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index to advertisers
Journal: JAMA (1977)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Importance of hypovolaemic shock and endoscopic signs in predicting recurrent haemorrhage from peptic ulceration: a prospective evaluation
Authors: J Paramo, H Ibbertson, J France, J Pybus, I Reid
Journal: BMJ (1985)

CorrectionImportance of hypovolaemic shock and endoscopic signs in predicting recurrent haemorrhage from peptic ulceration: a prospective evaluation Three errors occurred in this paper by P C Bornman et al (27 July, p 245).In table I the number of rebleeds in patients with endoscopic signs of a clot should have read 12 (25) not 11 (23).In table II the value 112 under "No endoscopic sign, black spots" should have read 86, and the remaining 26 patients should have been tabulated under "Endoscopic sign, no rebleed.
SUPPORT NEEDED FOR "BRICKER AMENDMENT"
Journal: JAMA (1953)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Workforce Needs and Training in Pulmonary and/or Critical Care Medicine
Authors: Gary W. Hunninghake, James D. Mark, Thomas G. Rainey, James E. Fish
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1995)

"Workforce Needs and Training in Pulmonary and/or Critical Care Medicine." American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 151(4), pp. 937–938
The Puzzles
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Many misjudge severity of orbital cellulitis
Authors: W. A. Check
Journal: JAMA (1982)

Because opinions still differ not only as to the cause and seriousness of orbital cellulitis but also as to its treatment, a group of physicians from Pittsburgh has come up with new guidelines for management of the condition. Victor L. Schramm, Jr, MD, assistant professor of otolaryngology at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, teamed with chief of radiology Hugh D. Curtin, MD, and professor of ophthalmology and neurology John S. Kennerdell, MD, both of the same institution, to review 303 cases of orbital cellulitis treated at Children's Hospital and at the Eye and Ear Hospital of Pittsburgh during the last decade. They found, as had others previously, that inflammation in or around the orbit affects primarily children; 68% of the patients were younger than 8 years of age. However, the disease was least severe among the youngest children. Ninety-seven percent of those younger than 4 years of age
Roadrunner
Authors: Eric L. Dyer
Journal: JAMA (1993)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Pitolisant (Wakix) for Narcolepsy
Journal: JAMA (2021)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Father's genes influence risk of pre-eclampsia
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Survival benefits of fibrinolysis and early aspirin in acute myocardial infarction are sustained Fibrinolytic therapy for patients with acute myocardial infarction has short term survival benefits, but information about long term effects is limited.Baigent et al (p 1337) report long term survival data from the ISIS-2 trial of intravenous streptokinase and one month's oral aspirin in suspected acute myocardial infarction.They found that the early survival benefits of fibrinolytic therapy persist for at least 10 years and do not seem to increase or decrease with prolonged follow up in any category of patients, including elderly patients.The survival benefits of aspirin also persist and are additional to those of fibrinolytic therapy.
Methadone Misuse
Authors: Ronald L. Krome
Journal: JAMA (1971)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The use of methadone in the outpatient treatment of narcotic addicts appears to be gaining rapid nationwide acceptance. Public pressure to make methadone easily accessible to all narcotic addicts has been mounting in the Detroit area. There is, of course, an increased risk when making any medication available without either adequate supervision or control. On the Detroit blackmarket, methadone is available at about 50 cents per 10-mg capsule. Adverse reactions to narcotics are not infrequent. Physicians using methadone should be well aware that it is capable of producing serious and lethal side effects. Indeed, doses used in the treatment of narcotic addicts may well be too large in nonaddicts and produce respiratory depression. Recently, we encountered a patient in whom the depressant effects of methadone were nearly fatal. <h3>Report of a Case.—</h3> A 38-year-old man sought treatment at Open City Clinic (a free clinic operated by and
Chronic Toxicity of Environmental Contaminants: Sentinels and Biomarkers
Authors: Gerald A. LeBlanc, Lisa J. Bain
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1997)

Due to the use of a limited number of species and subchronic exposures, current ecological hazard assessment processes can underestimate the chronic toxicity of environmental contaminants resulting in adverse responses of sentinel species.Several incidences where sentinel species have responded to the effects of chronic exposure to ambient levels of environmental contaminants are discussed, including the development of neoplasia in fish, immunosuppression in marine mammals, pseudohermaphrodism in invertebrates, teratogenicity in amphibians, and aberrations in the sexual development of fish and reptiles.Biomarkers of chronic toxicity, including DNA mutations, alterations in specific protein and mRNA levels, and perturbations in metabolism, are presented.The incorporation of appropriate surrogate species and biomarkers of chronic toxicity into standard toxicity characterizations is proposed as a means of significantly refining the ecological hazard assessment process.
Effect of Improving Depression Care on Pain and Functional Outcomes Among Older Adults With Arthritis: A Randomized Controlled Trial—Correction
Authors: John Elefteriades, Ioannis Hatzaras, Mary Tranquilli, Andrew Elefteriades, Robert Stout, Richard Shaw, David Silverman, Paul Barash
Journal: JAMA (2003)

To the Editor: It is unclear whether aortic dissection is associated with high-intensity strength training.Methods.From our Yale University aortic database, 1 and from outside cases brought to our attention after lay press reports of our aortic research, 2,3 we identified and reviewed case materials of 5 patients who experienced acute dissection of the ascending aorta in the setting of high-intensity weight training or other strenuous exercise.Results.The 5 patients ranged in age between 19 and 53 years.None had previously diagnosed aneurysm or personal history of hypertension or collagen vascular disease.Only 1 patient had a family history of aortic disease.None had signs of Marfan syndrome.All patients were involved in strenuous strength training at the instant that their dissection pain occurred.Two patients were weight training, a third was attempting to move a heavy granite structure, and the other 2 were doing push-ups.All patients manifested acute ascending aortic dissection.Diagnosis was made by computed tomography scan in 3 patients, by echocardiography in 1, and by autopsy in the fifth.The diameter of the aorta on the imaging studies performed immediately after dissection ranged from 4.0 to 5.2 cm, indicating underlying enlargement, but not to a level expected to present a high risk of dissection. 1 Three patients underwent successful urgent surgical repair of the acute dissection.These patients survived and are without sequelae at 4, 20, and 48 months.One patient died shortly after diagnosis and before transfer to another facility could be made, and the fifth died before a diagnosis was made.Pathological analysis, available in 4 patients, showed underlying cystic medial necrosis, which was of mild to moderate severity in 2 patients.Comment.The risk of weight lifting as a cause of aortic dissection has generally been underappreciated. 4e recommend caution in patients with known aneurysms or connective tissue diseases, a family history of aneurysm or dissection, or underlying hypertension, as well those at or beyond middle age, because aneurysm, connective-tissue disease, family history, and hypertension predispose to aortic dissection and because aortic stiffness increases with age. 5 None of the patients in this series, however, had these known risk factors.Furthermore, because limiting maximal effort prevents extreme (Ͼ200 mm Hg) elevations in blood pressure, 6 it also seems reasonable to limit weight lifting in individuals at risk.