tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Inappropriate Drug Prescribing
Authors: John B. Hoehn
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —It was bad enough to have Dr Beers and colleagues<sup>1</sup>make up their list, it was worse to let Dr Willcox and her associates<sup>2</sup>attempt to apply it, but it is irresponsible for<i>JAMA</i>to let it appear under the title of "Inappropriate Drug Prescribing for the Community-Dwelling Elderly." "Questionable," "controversial," "debatable," "innovative," "selective" drug prescribing, perhaps, but please spare my patients and my colleagues another damnation by statisticians who in their acknowledgment credit a sensational exposé book<sup>3</sup>for the "inspiration" and "stimulation" for this report! Everyone over 65 years of age who is prescribed diazepam receives an "inappropriate" drug? Including those who for decades have survived and thrived on 2 mg at bedtime? And those who get a prescription of 20 tablets of 5 mg once a year for occasional anxiety? And my patients with terminal conditions who find its long half-life the
Consistencies and Inconsistencies Underlying the Quantitative Assessment of Leukemia Risk from Benzene Exposure
Authors: Steven H. Lamm, Anthony S. Walters, Richard Wilson, Daniel M. Byrd, Hans Grunwald
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1989)

This paper examines recent risk assessments for benzene and observes a number of inconsistencies within the study and consistencies between studies that should effect the quantitative determination of the risk from benzene exposure. Comparisons across studies show that only acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is found to be consistently in excess with significant benzene exposure. The data from the Pliofilm study that forms the basis of most quantitative assessments reveal that all the AML cases came from only one of the three studied plants and that all the benzene exposure data came from the other plants. Hematological data from the 1940s from the plant from which almost all of the industrial hygiene exposure data come do not correlate well with the originally published exposure estimates but do correlate well with an alternative set of exposure estimates that are much greater than those estimates originally published. Temporal relationships within the study are not consistent with those of other studies. The dose-response relationship is strongly nonlinear. Other data suggest that the leukemogenic effect of benzene is nonlinear and may derive from a threshold toxicity.
Physician Migration
Authors: Mehdi Tavassoli
Journal: JAMA (1974)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In their article (227:538, 1974), Ronaghy et al allude to what may be the basic reason for the unidirectional migration of physicians from developing countries to the United States, yet they fail to recognize what I believe to be the dominant cause. I refer to the<i>Westernization</i>of the medical-educational systems in such countries. In developing countries, the major medical problems facing physicians differ greatly from those in well-developed countries. This difference is not reflected in the training of physicians or the organization of health care delivery. The urgent need is to achieve a better standard of family health care and to solve problems relating to nutrition and public health. Sophisticated refinement of diagnostic and therapeutic measures is but a vague goal in the unforeseeable future. What do medical schools in developing countries produce in response to this set of needs and problems? The authors give us
Molecular features of the hepatitis B virus nucleocapsid T-cell epitope 18-27: Interaction with HLA and T-cell receptor
Authors: A Bertoletti
Journal: Hepatology (1997)

The strength of the cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response is believed to influence the final outcome of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Among the different CTL epitopes so far identified, the sequence 18-27 of the HBV nucleocapsid antigen is widely recognized by CTL of HLA-A2-positive patients with acute self-limited HBV infection, and represents the main component of a peptide-based therapeutic vaccine aimed at stimulating the antiviral CTL response in patients with chronic hepatitis B. In the present study, we further analyzed the features of this important HBV region by the following: 1) defining the contribution of individual residues of the epitope to the interaction with the T-cell receptor (TCR) and with the HLA-A0201 molecule; 2) assessing the antigenicity of this viral region in the context of the different HLA-A2 subtypes; and 3) testing whether this sequence can stimulate not only HLA-class I but also HLA class II restricted T-cell responses. A clear hierarchy was observed in the ability of individual residues to act as TCR or HLA binding sites. Furthermore, the sequence HBc18-27 was able to be recognized by specific CTL when presented in the context of different HLA-A2 subtypes. Finally, this HBV region was also found to stimulate HLA class II restricted T-cell responses. These data further increase the potential coverage and efficacy of therapeutic vaccines based on the HBc18-27 sequence.
William Hey (1736-1819). a surgeon of Leeds
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Antitrypsin and emphysema. Perspective and prospects
Authors: J. A. Pierce
Journal: JAMA (1988)

AN ARRAY of serine proteinase inhibitors (serpins) modulate important proteolytic cascades in blood and tissue. A high concentration of the major serpin, α<sub>1</sub>-antitrypsin, in plasma reflects the prevalence and potential threat of its primary target enzyme, neutrophil elastase. The observation that the inherited deficiency of antitrypsin was often associated with premature airflow limitation due to panacinar emphysema led to the concept that normal lung structure depends on a balance between the destructive effects of neutrophil elastase and the protective effects of the serpins, especially α<sub>1</sub>-antitrypsin. Wide variability exists in the tendency for emphysema to develop among subjects with the deficiency, but those who smoke cigarettes become disabled 15 to 20 years earlier than those who do not. Definitive therapy was not available until recently; the protein has been purified on a commercial scale. Early results indicate that weekly injections of antitrypsin safely sustain normal levels in
SOME PRACTICAL ASPECTS OF THE SEXUAL ADJUSTMENTS OF CHILDREN
Journal: JAMA (1929)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Postmarketing surveillance vs phase III
Journal: JAMA (1981)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
'Common courtesy' and the elimination of passive smoking. Results of the 1987 National Health Interview Survey
Authors: R. M. Davis
Journal: JAMA (1990)

The tobacco industry recommends "common courtesy" as the solution to potential conflicts over smoking in public places and as an alternative to policies that restrict or ban smoking. Specifically, the industry suggests that nonsmokers "mention annoyances in a pleasant and friendly manner" and that smokers ask others, "Do you mind if I smoke?" We analyzed data for 22 000 adults who responded to the 1987 National Health Interview Survey of Cancer Epidemiology and Control to determine if common courtesy is being used in passive-smoking situations. Almost half (47%) of smokers said they light up inside public places without asking if others mind. When someone lights up a cigarette inside a public place, only 4% of nonsmokers ask the person not to smoke despite the fact that most nonsmokers consider secondhand smoke harmful and annoying. We compared these data with similar data collected by the Roper Organization in the 1970s and found that smokers today are less likely to smoke inside public places. However, nonsmokers' actions in response to secondhand smoke have changed very little. These findings show that the common courtesy approach endorsed by the tobacco industry is unlikely, by itself, to eliminate exposure to environmental tobacco smoke. Though no one would oppose the use of common courtesy, we conclude that legislative or administrative mechanisms are the only effective strategies to eliminate passive smoking. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1990;263:2208-2210)
Sanatorium Accredited for Nurse Training.
Journal: JAMA (1927)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Runt Disease--I
Authors: N. W. Nisbet, B. F. Heslop
Journal: BMJ (1962)

Runt disease is an entity restricted to laboratory animals, and though it has no known counterpart in clinical medicine it promises to contribute to the better understanding of a variety of problems in man.The condition arises when immunologically competent cells are injected into a homologous host which for one reason or another is unable to reject them. (The term " homologous " in this context refers to an animal of the same species as the donor, but of different genetic constitution.)Since the original cellular injection is a homograft, the sickness of the host is believed to be due to a graft-versus-host reaction.Non-reactivity of the host against the graft occurs in the following situations:
Integrative Oncology
Authors: Marvin J. Stone
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2009)

Medical Writings: Book Notes1 September 2009Integrative OncologyMarvin J. Stone, MD and Z. H. Lieberman, MDMarvin J. Stone, MDFrom Sammons Cancer Center, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, Texas.Search for more papers by this author and Z. H. Lieberman, MDFrom Sammons Cancer Center, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, Texas.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-151-5-200909010-00026 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Abrams D, Weil A, eds. 624 pages. New York: Oxford Univ Pr; 2008. $35.00. ISBN 9780195309447. Order at www.oup.com.Field of medicine: Conventional and complementary cancer medicine.Format: Hardcover book.Audience: Physicians, allied health workers, patients, and caregivers.Purpose: To provide current and comprehensive information to health providers about various approaches used in complementary medicine in the care of patients with cancer. The authors explain how “integration” with standard cancer care can be enhanced, but the intent is not to replace accepted modes of conventional treatment.Content: A group of international authors survey the field. Thirty chapters include such topics ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Sammons Cancer Center, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, Texas. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 September 2009Volume 151, Issue 5Page: 368KeywordsCancer treatmentExercise therapyHealth information technologyNutritionPalliative carePatientsPrevention, policy, and public healthRadiation therapySafetySports and exercise medicine ePublished: 1 September 2009 Issue Published: 1 September 2009 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2009 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Thrombosis
Authors: Theodore H. Spaet
Journal: JAMA (1982)

<b>Hemostasis and Thrombosis: Basic Principles and Clinical Practice,</b>by Robert W. Colman, et al, 1,137 pp, 224 illus, $115, Philadelphia, Harper &amp; Row Publishers Inc, 1982. The hemostasis literature is vast, and it is expanding at an ever-accelerating rate. It is high time that someone saw fit to gather it between a pair of hard covers. In fact, three such volumes have suddenly appeared, each from a distinguished center and each representing the efforts of many contributors. Actually, the three books do not contain threefold the number of authors, since a surprising degree of overlap (and sometimes outright duplication) is to be found. <i>Thrombosis</i>, edited by H. C. Kwaan and E. J. W. Bowie, is the most modest of the three and seems to be designed for cover-to-cover reading by a broader audience. Although primarily emphasizing thrombotic problems, it introduces hemostasis as a biologic process that needs to be understood
Mallory-Weiss syndrome.
Journal: BMJ (1965)

Leading Articles BRTSHL 549 but who were apparently healthy and showed no clinical evi- dence of sarcoidosis were given Kveim tests,9 and a high proportion had positive reactions to them.The association of failure to respond to tuberculin with positive Kveim tests in these subjects is unexplained and is being investigated further.This new study may throw further light on the vexed question of the aetiology of sarcoidosis.
Klinische Wochenschrift, Berlin
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Determination of hepatitis delta virus RNA by polymerase chain reaction in acute and chronic delta infection*1
Authors: R JARDI
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

The objective of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of hepatitis delta virus (HDV) RNA detection by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in acute and chronic D hepatitis and to correlate with HDV-RNA detection by dot blot and hepatic delta antigen. Serum samples from 33 patients with acute hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive hepatitis (15 with hepatitis B and D coinfection, 8 with HDV superinfection, and 10 with acute hepatitis B), 85 patients with chronic HBsAg-positive hepatitis (73 with chronic D hepatitis and 12 with chronic B hepatitis), and consecutive serum samples from nine patients with chronic D hepatitis treated with interferon alfa-2b were studied. HDV-RNA was detected by PCR in 93% of the patients with hepatitis B and D coinfection, in 100% of the patients with hepatitis D superinfection, and in 1 of the 10 patients with acute hepatitis B who subsequently seroconverted to total antibody to hepatitis delta antigen (HDAg), whereas HDV-RNA was found by dot blot technique in 60% of the hepatitis B and D coinfection cases, in 62.5% of the patients with hepatitis D superinfection, and in none of the acute hepatitis B cases. In chronic D hepatitis, HDV-RNA tested positive by PCR assay in 97% of patients with intrahepatic HDAg, in one patient with undetectable hepatic HDAg, and in none of the patients with chronic hepatitis B. In the treated patients, HDV-RNA was observed to become negative by PCR only in the three patients who had a persistent response to interferon. The results of this study show that HDV-RNA determination by PCR assay is a reliable tool for the diagnosis of delta infection and a clear improvement over other methods for the evaluation of HDV replication and response to antiviral therapy.
Phasing out the freestanding internship
Authors: M. Michael
Journal: JAMA (1971)

Change of any type—be it in the weather, in politics, in organizational structures or, in our instance, in educational patterns, calls for readjustments and realignments. Changes are accompanied by resistance and hostility on the one hand and by drive and enthusiasm on the other. Those changes that are evolutionary rather than revolutionary are usually more readily accepted. We are concerned with changing patterns in medical education and, germane to this discussion, with changes in the internship. As I will attempt to show, these changes have been evolutionary and, hence, should be more palatable than they seem to be. In June, 1970, the AMA House of Delegates adopted two recommendations of the Council on Medical Education; to wit: (1) After July 1, 1971, a new internship program shall be approved only after the application contains convincing evidence that the internship and the related residency years will be organized and conducted as
<i>QuickStats</i>: Age-Adjusted Percentage*<sup>,</sup>† of Adults Aged ≥20 Years Who Had Their Cholesterol Checked in the Past 5 Years,§ by Sex and Race/Ethnicity — National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, United States, 2011–2014
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2016)

With 95% confidence intervals indicated with error bars.† Age-adjusted using the direct method to the year 2000 projected Census population using three age groups: 20-39 years, 40-59 years, and ≥60 years.§ Defined by an affirmative response to the question, "Have you ever had your blood cholesterol checked?" and a response indicating <5 years ago to the question, "About how long has it been since you last had your blood cholesterol level checked?"During 2011-2014, 71.2% of adults aged ≥20 years had their blood cholesterol checked in the past 5 years.A smaller percentage of Hispanic adults (62.1%) had their cholesterol checked in the past 5 years compared with non-Hispanic white (73.5%), non-Hispanic black (72.3%), and non-Hispanic Asian (72.9%) adults.This pattern was observed for both men and women.A larger percentage of non-Hispanic white, non-Hispanic black, and Hispanic women had their cholesterol checked compared with their male counterparts, but there was no difference between non-Hispanic Asian men and women.