tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
THE SURGERY OF CAMP WIKOFF.
Authors: N. SENN
Journal: JAMA (1898)

<h3>ERYSIPELOID.</h3> Erysipeloid, an acute inflammatory affection of the skin, described by J. Rosenbach, is a disease of the skin not often recognized. It is usually mistaken for erysipelas. The parasite was described by Rosenbach more than ten years ago, but it has never been classified. Attempts to cultivate it have failed so far. This disease is met with usually among persons engaged in the handling of fish and meat, that is, cooks and butchers. It is attended by very slight constitutional disturbances and its local progression is slow as compared with erysipelas. The starting point is generally a finger, where infection takes place through slight surface defects or a puncture. It consists, pathologically speaking, of a subacute inflammation of the lymphatic channels of the skin. The affected skin presents a bluish color instead of the bright red seen in erysipelas. Another and perhaps more important characteristic sign in the differentiation
Bioavailability and Biotransformation of the Mutagenic Component of Particulate Emissions Present in Motor Exhaust Samples
Authors: J. J. Vostal
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1983)

The pharmacokinetic concepts of bioavailability and biotransformation are introduced into the assessment of public health risk from experimental data concerning the emissions of potentially mutagenic and carcinogenic substances from motor vehicles. The inappropriateness of an automatic application in the risk assessment process of analytical or experimental results, obtained with extracts and procedures incompatible with the biological environment, is illustrated on the discrepancy between short-term laboratory tests predictions that wider use of diesel engines on our roads will increase the risk of respiratory cancer and the widely negative epidemiological evidence. Mutagenic activity of diesel particulates was minimal or negative when tested in extracts obtained with biological fluids, was substantially dependent on the presence of nitroreductase in the microbial tester strain, and disappeared completely 48 hr after the diesel particles had been phagocytized by alveolar macrophages. Similarly, long-term animal inhalation exposures to high concentrations of diesel particles did not induce the activity of hydrocarbon metabolizing enzymes or specific adverse immune response unless organic solvent extracts of diesel particles were administered intratracheally or parenterally in doses that highly exceed the predicted levels of public exposure even by the year 2000. Furthermore, the suspected cancer producing effects of inhaled diesel particles have thus far not been verified by experimental animal models or available long-term epidemiological observations. It is concluded that unless the biological accessibility of the active component on the pollutant as well as its biotransformation and clearance by natural defense mechanisms are considered, lung cancer risk assessment based solely on laboratory microbial tests will remain an arbitrary and unrealistic process and will not provide meaningful information on the potential health hazard of a pollutant.
Cat-scratch disease and bacillary angiomatosis
Authors: Jordan W. Tappero, Jane E. Koehler
Journal: JAMA (1991)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —We found the article by Dr Holley<sup>1</sup>on successful ciprofloxacin treatment of cat-scratch disease (CSD) to be very interesting. However, we believe that it is important to make a distinction between the diagnosis and treatment of CSD and the disease bacillary angiomatosis (BA), most significantly because we have identified four immunocompromised patients with BA who did not appear to respond to ciprofloxacin treatment. The five patients treated by Holley were apparently immunocompetent and had classic CSD (although no organisms were demonstrated). The author queries whether ciprofloxacin might prove effective and curative in immunocompromised patients, and briefly comments on antibiotic therapies reported in the literature, although several of these cases had skin lesions representative of BA in immunocompromised patients.<sup>2,3</sup>Our four patients with biopsyproven BA, summarized in the Table, either developed BA while taking ciprofloxacin (patient 1) or failed to show any improvement during a 6
Pill-induced intramural esophageal hematoma
Authors: P. R. Piccione
Journal: JAMA (1987)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Upper gastrointestinal bleeding is a common clinical entity that occasionally presents in a manner so unusual as to obscure the correct diagnosis. This is true for intramural esophageal hematoma, an uncommon presentation of bleeding that has been recognized in several clinical settings.<sup>1,2</sup>We present the case of an elderly woman with upper gastrointestinal bleeding associated with intramural esophageal hematoma related to pill-induced esophageal injury. <h3>Report of a Case.—</h3> An 81-year-old woman presented because of chest pain of sudden onset, associated with nausea and vomiting of bright red blood. The patient had hypertension treated with a diuretic and had been given tryptophan for "depression and insomnia." The evening before admission, she took two tryptophan tablets before retiring. She swallowed the first tablet with relative ease but felt the second tablet stick in her midchest. Later that night, she awoke with an intense, burning sub-xiphoid pain that penetrated
Transplantation Immunity and the Maternal-Fetal Relation
Authors: R. E. Billingham
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1964)

Exchange of "Cellular" Homografts between Mother and Fetus and Its ConsequencesIt is now generally recognized that the normal placenta does not constitute a perfect cell-impermeable barrier and that some exchange of cells between mother and fetus must be regarded as a fairly common occurrence in man, and probably in other mammals, too.Since the fetomaternal passage of red cells was first postulated to account for Rh sensitization, numerous independent investigations, using different "markers," have confirmed that passage of fetal red cells into the maternal circulation occurs in 10 to 20 per cent of normal pregnancies.64 65 66 67 68 69 Most estimates of the . . .
“Echocardiographic abnormalities in patients with COPD at their first hospital admission.” Xavier Freixa, Karina Portillo, Carles Paré, Judith Garcia-Aymerich, Federico P. Gomez, Marta Benet, Josep Roca, Eva Farrero, Jaume Ferrer, Carlos Fernandez-Palomeque, Josep M. Antó and Joan Albert Barberà, on behalf of the PAC-COPD Study Investigators. <i>Eur Respir J</i> 2013; 41: 784–791.
Authors: Xavier Freixa, Karina Portillo, Carles Paré, Judith Garcia-Aymerich, Federico Gomez
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2015)
TRITURATION IN LIQUID AIR.
Journal: JAMA (1903)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A piece of my mind. That's politics
Authors: P. A. Kettl
Journal: JAMA (1992)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Hypofractionated versus conventionally fractionated radiotherapy for patients with prostate cancer (HYPRO): acute toxicity results from a randomised non-inferiority phase 3 trial
Authors: Shafak Aluwini, Floris Pos, Erik Schimmel, Emile van Lin, Stijn Krol, Peter Paul van der Toorn, Hanja de Jager, Maarten Dirkx, Wendimagegn Ghidey Alemayehu, Ben Heijmen, Luca Incrocci
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2015)
Atlas of Diseases of the Skin, including an Epitome of Pathology and Treatment.
Journal: JAMA (1899)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Medical Assistants
Authors: D. Caro
Journal: BMJ (1968)

<h3>Objective</h3> To develop a multivariate tool that would predict recurrent instability after a first-time traumatic anterior shoulder dislocation. <h3>Methods</h3> Participants (aged 16–40 years) were recruited across New Zealand into a prospective cohort study. Baseline data were collected during a telephone interview and through examination of radiology records. Variables associated with recurrent instability were selected for the multivariate logistic regression model using backwards selection (p&lt;0.10). Coefficients for those variables retained in the model were used to develop the predictive tool. <h3>Results</h3> Among the 128 participants, 36% had redislocated at least once in the first 12 months. Univariate analysis showed an increased likelihood of recurrent dislocation with bony Bankart lesions (OR=3.65, 95% CI 1.05 to 12.70, p=0.04) and participants who had: not been immobilised in a sling (OR = 0.38, 95% CI 0.15 to 0.98, p=0.05), higher levels of shoulder activity (OR=1.13, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.27, p=0.03), higher levels of pain and disability (OR=1.03, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.06, p=0.02), higher levels of fear of reinjury (OR=1.12, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.26, p=0.04) and decreased quality of life (OR=1.01, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.02, p=0.05). There was no significant difference in those with non-dominant compared with dominant shoulder dislocations (p=0.10) or in those aged 16–25 years compared with 26–40 years (p=0.07). <h3>Conclusion</h3> Six of seven physical and psychosocial factors can be used to predict recurrent shoulder instability following a first-time traumatic anterior shoulder dislocation.
VOLUNTARY INSURANCE
Authors: Edwin J. Grace
Journal: JAMA (1952)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> In the April 12 issue ofThe Journal, in the editorial entitled "Two Economists Oppose Compulsory Health Insurance," mention is made of the<i>Quarterly Journal of Economics</i>of February, 1952, "which is published by Harvard University and edited by 15 of this university's professors of economics." I think you will be interested to know that more data specifically integrating this philosophy into medical economics appeared in the July, 1950, issue of the<i>Harvard Business Review</i>in an article entitled "New Approach to Employee Health Programs," by Robert J. Clarke and David Ewing, supporting the practical use of a voluntary health insurance plan that has functioned exceptionally well over a period of 10 years. Case material following this philosophy of voluntary health insurance for advancing better social medicine (not socialized medicine) is being used in the Division of Human Relations of the Harvard Graduate Schools of Business Administration
Dr. Holmes in Praise of Preventive Medicine.
Journal: JAMA (1992)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Health care technology and the inevitability of resource allocation and rationing decisions. Part I
Authors: R. W. Evans
Journal: JAMA (1983)

Increasingly, it is recognized that resources available to meet health care needs are limited. Recently, this has been evidenced by reductions in federally funded health care programs and the leveling off of research funds made available to the National Institutes of Health. The problem of severely constrained resources is likely to become more acute, given new medical technology and the high cost of medical care. It is now apparent that both resource allocation and resource-rationing decisions will become inevitable, since not all persons with catastrophic or complicated medical conditions will be able to benefit from medical technology. While the careful assessment of health care technology can conceivably increase the efficiency of the health care delivery system, the methods by which allocation and rationing decisions are made must be improved. In doing so, it will ultimately be essential for this society to come to grips with life and death issues in a manner to which it is not accustomed. (<i>JAMA</i>1983;249:2047-2053)
Increased Risk of Malignant Mesothelioma of the Pleura after Residential or Domestic Exposure to Asbestos: A Case-Control Study in Casale Monferrato, Italy
Authors: Corrado Magnani, Paola Dalmasso, Annibale Biggeri, Cristiana Ivaldi, Dario Mirabelli, Benedetto Terracini
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2001)

The association of malignant mesothelioma (MM) and nonoccupational asbestos exposure is currently debated. Our study investigates environmental and domestic asbestos exposure in the city where the largest Italian asbestos cement (AC) factory was located. This population-based case-control study included pleural MM (histologically diagnosed) incidents in the area in 1987-1993, matched by age and sex to two controls (four if younger than 60). Diagnoses were confirmed by a panel of five pathologists. We interviewed 102 cases and 273 controls in 1993-1995, out of 116 and 330 eligible subjects. Information was checked and completed on the basis of factory and Town Office files. We adjusted analyses for occupational exposure in the AC industry. In the town there were no other relevant industrial sources of asbestos exposure. Twenty-three cases and 20 controls lived with an AC worker [odds ratio (OR) = 4.5; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.8-11.1)]. The risk was higher for the offspring of AC workers (OR = 7.4; 95% CI, 1.9-28.1). Subjects attending grammar school in Casale also showed an increased risk (OR = 3.3; 95% CI, 1.4-7.7). Living in Casale was associated with a very high risk (after selecting out AC workers: OR = 20.6; 95% CI, 6.2-68.6), with spatial trend with increasing distance from the AC factory. The present work confirms the association of environmental asbestos exposure and pleural MM, controlling for other sources of asbestos exposure, and suggests that environmental exposure caused a greater risk than domestic exposure.
Outline of Physical Diagnosis of the Thorax.
Journal: JAMA (1893)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Exercise and sudden death
Authors: W. B. Kannel
Journal: JAMA (1982)

Sudden deaths are appallingly frequent in populations where coronary heart disease is highly prevalent. Half the annual total of coronary mortality occurs suddenly and unexpectedly in a matter of minutes. Hence, there is an appropriate great interest in sudden death and the possible controllable risk factors. Prospective and retrospective studies indicate that sudden death victims share most of the major risk factors for coronary disease, but none of the risk factors examined can be used to distinguish a potential sudden death victim from those whose deaths are less precipitous.<sup>1</sup>The key to the prevention of sudden death would seem to be the reduction of risk of potentially lethal coronary attacks. There is a growing conviction that coronary heart disease results at least in part from a life-style that involves a diet that is too rich, too many cigarettes, and too little exercise that often leads to obesity. A suspicion
OC-019 Adamdec1: A Novel Molecule Linked to Crohn’S Disease, is Associated with an Increased Susceptibility to Citrobacter Rodentium Colitis in the knock out Mouse
Authors: N R O’Shea, A M Smith, T Chew, J Dunne, A W Segal
Journal: Gut (2013)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Innate immunity is attenuated in patients with Crohn’s disease (CD), with impaired neutrophil recruitment, delayed clearance of <i>E. coli</i>, and defective secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines from macrophages<sup>1,2</sup>. This primary macrophage defect may result in failure to eradicate bacterial flora entering the tissues and lead to the chronic granulomatous inflammation characteristic of CD. To discover the molecules responsible, transcriptomic profiles were obtained from cultured human macrophages from CD patients and controls. ADAMDEC1 a Disintegrin and Metalloprotease was under-expressed in ~10% of CD patients. This protein is almost exclusively found in macrophages and dendritic cells in the small and large bowel lamina propria. Here we describe the response of <i>Adamdec1</i><sup>-/-</sup> mice to an enteric bacterial infection with <i>Citrobacter rodentium</i>. <h3>Methods</h3> <i>Adamdec1</i><i>-/-</i> and wild type mice were administered ~108 or 109 <i>C. rodentium</i> by oral gavage and body weight monitored for three weeks. At intervals mice were sacrificed and samples of serum, stool, colon and spleen were collected. Serum cytokine levels were measured and bacteria counted, in stool and spleen. Bowel inflammation was assessed histologically. Neutrophil and immune cell recruitment to the colon were measured by MPO assay and qPCR respectively. <h3>Results</h3> During infection, control mice experienced a mild self-limiting colitis, with minimal weight loss. Expression of <i>Adamdec1</i> was up-regulated in the colon and this normalised with resolution. <i>Adamdec1</i>-/- mice were more susceptible to <i>C. rodentium</i> infection: they demonstrated dramatic weight loss (p &lt; 0.001), a more severe colitis and a reduced survival at the higher dose (67% vs 0%, p = 0.009). Serum levels of TNF, IL-1β and IL-6 were significantly lower in the knock-out mice (p &lt; 0.05). Impaired survival was associated with positive cultures of the organisms from the spleen (p = 0.02). <h3>Conclusion</h3> By analysing the transcriptome of macrophages from CD patients we have identified a novel molecule involved in mucosal immunity. Further work is underway to elucidate the precise role of ADAMDEC1 in the immune response. Individuals with grossly attenuated expression levels may be at an increased risk of developing CD as a consequence of an impaired ability to handle enteric bacterial pathogens. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared <h3>References</h3> Segal &amp; Loewi, Lancet 1976 Jul 31; 2(7979):219–21. Smith AM <i>et al.</i><i></i> JEM 2009; 206:1883.
Cisplatin-raltitrexed vs cisplatin-pemetrexed in the treatment of advanced pleural mesothelioma. Final results of a network meta-analysis
Authors: L.A. Lazzari Agli, C. Cherubini, M. Papi, C. Santelmo, S.V.L. Nicoletti, E. Bianchi, M. Fantini, C. Ridolfi, L. Stocchi, E. Tamburini, D. Tassinari
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2016)