tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Erratum for Euro Surveill. 2015;20(16)
Authors: None Eurosurveillance editorial team
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2015)

In the article ‘Changing hepatitis A epidemiology in the European Union: new challenges and opportunities‘ by C M Gossner et al., published on 23 April 2015, the following sentence “Self-controls by the industries and official controls by the food safety authorities Regulatory controls and industry auto-controls are unlikely to completely prevent the importation of HAV-contaminated foods from highly endemic countries into the EU/EEA.” was corrected to read “Self-controls by the industries and official controls by the food safety authorities are unlikely to completely prevent the importation of HAV-contaminated foods from highly endemic countries into the EU/EEA.” The correction was made on 7 July 2015.
LEGISLATION FOR INCREASED RANK FOR MEDICAL OFFICERS
Journal: JAMA (1918)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Gastrointestinal cancer risk in Irish hereditary breast ovarian cancer families.
Authors: Darragh S Gogarty, Tomas Lyons, Michael P. Farrell, Naoise Maria Dorman, Andrew J Green, David J. Gallagher
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

413 Background: Colorectal and breast cancer are linked in certain predisposition syndromes such as Cowden and Peutz-Jegers syndrome. Breast cancer risk also appears increased in certain Lynch syndrome kindreds. Original reports suggested an increased risk of colorectal malignancies in BRCA1/2 mutation carriers. Two large studies in Ashkenazi Jewish populations subsequently contradicted this early evidence, although neither study was powered to address effects if each gene independently, or other modifier effects in certain families. We report the Irish experience of colorectal and gastro-esophageal (GE) cancer in hereditary breast ovarian cancer (HBOC) families. Methods: 97 HBOC families at two tertiary referral centres were reviewed for the presence of early onset GE malignancies. The medical records of individuals with GE cancer were reviewed to determine carrier status. Clinical data including age of diagnosis, stage, treatment and outcome were extracted. Median age of diagnosis and outcome were compared among BRCA1/2 mutation carriers and non-carriers. Results: We identified 30 individuals with GE malignancies in 97 HBOC families (19 with colorectal, 11 with gastric). Two families were excluded as Lynch syndrome was also diagnosed in these families. Definitive carrier status was available on 8 individuals. Additional 7 individuals were obligate carriers. Age at diagnosis ranged from 27-84 years (median=60). Median age of CRC diagnosis among carriers was 54 compared with 61 among non-carriers (p=0.20). Median age of gastric diagnosis among carriers was 66 compared with 53 among non-carriers. Conclusions: Early onset colorectal cancer occurs in certain HBOC families and may be related to mutation status. No genotype-phenotype association was identified in this study. An additional 150 Irish HBOC families are being screened for early onset GI malignancies and updated data will be presented at the meeting.
Circulating matrix metalloproteinase may relate to proinflammatory cytokine in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy Taketoshi Yamazaki, Jong-Dae Lee, Hiromasa Shimizu, Hiroyasu Uzui, Yasuhiko Mitsuke, Takanori Ueda. Fukui Medical University, Fukui, Japan
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
HBV Trials and Treatments
Journal: Hepatology (2013)

Background:It is yet to be firmly established whether host IL28B genotype influences the response to peginterferon alfa-2a (40KD) (PegIFN) in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB).Associations between markers of host IL28B genotype (rs8099917, rs12980275, rs12979860) and response to PegIFN were assessed using data from three large randomized studies.
Gene Regulation and Genetic Susceptibility to Neoplastic Transformation: AP-1 and p80 Expression in JB6 Cells
Authors: Lori R. Bernstein, Elia T. Ben-Ari, Stephanie L. Simek, Nancy H. Colburn
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1991)

The mouse epidermal JB6 cell system consists of clonal genetic variants that are sensitive (P+) or resistant (P-) to the promotion of neoplastic transformation by phorbol esters and other tumor-promoting agents. P+ cells display AP-1-dependent phorbol-ester-inducible transactivation of gene expression, whereas P- cells have a defect in transactivation. Transfection of promotion sensitivity gene pro-1 into P- cells reconstituted both P+ phenotype and AP-1-dependent phorbol-ester-inducible transactivation. P- and P+ cells exhibited induction of c-jun and c-fos messenger RNA levels by phorbol ester, but P- cells had significantly lower basal and induced levels of jun mRNA than P+ cells. Basal and induced levels of c-jun protein were significantly lower in P- cells as well. Differences in levels the 80-kDa pI 4.5 protein p80 were also observed in JB6 cells as a function of preneoplastic progression; high levels of p80 protein and mRNA were observed in P- cells, intermediate levels in P+ cells, and negligible levels were observed in transformed derivatives of JB6 cells. Phorbol ester treatment induced phosphorylation but not synthesis of p80. These data are consistent with the hypotheses that AP-1 is required in the signal transduction pathway for promotion of neoplastic transformation by tumor promoter, that pro genes may control AP-1 activity, that threshold levels of Jun mRNA and protein may play a role in transactivation and promotion sensitivity, and that the p80 protein in JB6 cells may behave in vivo as a suppressor of cellular transformation.
Progress with pollution
Authors: T. C. Doege
Journal: JAMA (1979)

Like a beacon guiding through the hazards of the nation's industrial development, the article by Morse et al elsewhere in this issue (p 739) indicates the benefits that can accrue when groups from government and industry use scientific methods to work on an environmental problem. It is indeed reassuring to know that not only can such cooperative efforts identify and quantitate a specific health problem, but that they may also lead to effective action diminishing the problem. Tons of lead, zinc, and cadmium discharged into the air from a smeltery near El Paso, Tex, and Juarez, Mexico, constituted the problem identified by El Paso health officials in December 1971.<sup>1</sup>In a major public health effort, workers from El Paso and from the Center for Disease Control (CDC) interviewed people in randomly selected households near the smeltery, took blood samples from their children, and obtained specimens of air, dust, and
JOHN MAYOW (1641-1679)
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
CONSORT extension for reporting N-of-1 trials (CENT) 2015: Explanation and elaboration
Authors: L. Shamseer, M. Sampson, C. Bukutu, C. H. Schmid, J. Nikles, R. Tate, B. C. Johnston, D. Zucker, W. R. Shadish, R. Kravitz, G. Guyatt, D. G. Altman, D. Moher, S. Vohra
Journal: BMJ (2015)

N-of-1 trials are a useful tool for clinicians who want to determine the effectiveness of a treatment in a particular individual. The reporting of N-of-1 trials has been variable and incomplete, hindering their usefulness in clinical decision making and by future researchers. This document presents the CONSORT (Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials) extension for N-of-1 trials (CENT 2015). CENT 2015 extends the CONSORT 2010 guidance to facilitate the preparation and appraisal of reports of an individual N-of-1 trial or a series of prospectively planned, multiple, crossover N-of-1 trials. CENT 2015 elaborates on 14 items of the CONSORT 2010 checklist, totalling 25 checklist items (44 sub-items), and recommends diagrams to help authors document the progress of one participant through a trial or more than one participant through a trial or series of trials, as applicable. Examples of good reporting and evidence based rationale for CENT 2015 checklist items are provided.
Respiratory changes induced by the large glucose loads of total parenteral nutrition
Authors: J. Askanazi
Journal: JAMA (1980)

Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) using glucose as nonprotein calories was associated with increases in O<sub>2</sub>consumption (V̇O<sub>2</sub>) and CO<sub>2</sub>production (V̇CO<sub>2</sub>). The magnitude of the changes was a function of the patient's clinical state and glucose load. Depleted patients showed a minimal increase in V̇O<sub>2</sub>, while V̇CO<sub>2</sub>increased 23%. Minute ventilation (V̇<sub>E</sub>) increased 32%. Hypermetabolic patients (major trauma, sepsis) had a 30% increase in VO<sub>2</sub>and a 57% increase in V̇CO<sub>2</sub>, while V̇<sub>E</sub>increased 71%. Patients with mild to moderate injuries (energy expenditure ±15% of normal) showed a 21% increase in V̇O<sub>2</sub>and a 53% increase in V̇CO<sub>2</sub>, while V̇<sub>E</sub>increased 121%. Large carbohydrate intakes were associated with increases in CO<sub>2</sub>production in all patients, while increases in O<sub>2</sub>consumption were seen primarily in hypermetabolic patients. These changes suggest that the high glucose loads of TPN may be a physiologic stress. (<i>JAMA</i>243:1444-1447, 1980)
Commentaire de travail de M. Polkowski et al., pp. 296
Journal: Endoscopy (2007)

See also: Endoscopic ultrasound versus endoscopic retrograde cholangiography for patients with intermediate probability of bile duct stones: a randomized trial comparing two management strategiesEndoscopy 2007; 39(04): 296-303DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-966264
BRAIN WORK AND INSANITY.
Journal: JAMA (1900)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Relative Lymphocytopenia and Outcome of Myocardial Infarction.
Authors: Veronique L. Roger, Sherine E. Gabriel, Jill Killian, Guy S. Reeder, Steven J. Jacobsen
Journal: Circulation (2001)

0024 Background: There is evidence for the role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of coronary disease. Relative lymphocytopenia was reported for the diagnosis of myocardial infarction (MI), but little is known about its prognostic value. This study was undertaken to test the hypothesis that relative lymphocytopenia was associated with cardiac events (defined as recurrent MI, congestive heart failure or cardiac death) after MI among Olmsted County residents. Methods: MIs were validated using standard epidemiological criteria using enzymes, chest pain and Minnesota coding of the ECG. The entire community medical record, available via the Rochester Epidemiology Project, was reviewed to determine incident status and ascertain outcomes. Relative lymphocytopenia was defined as percent lymphocytes&lt;20, 3%. Results: Between 1979 and 1994, an incidence cohort of 1653 validated MIs (mean age 67 ± 14, 43% women) was assembled. At the time of index MI, relative lymphocytopenia was present in 51% of the cases. After a mean follow-up of 6.9 ± 5.4 years, 471 pts had experienced recurrent MIs, 849 pts CHF and 602 cardiac deaths occurred. The 5-year event-free survival was 35% for cases with relative lymphocytopenia vs 52% for those without(p&lt;0.001). After adjustment for age and current smoking, relative lymphocytopenia was associated with a 21% increase in the risk of cardiac event (RR 1.21, 95% CI 1.1-1.4; p=0.003). Conclusion: Relative lymphocytopenia is associated with cardiac events after incident MI. These data support the role of inflammation in the outcome of coronary disease.
RETURN-TO-PLAY FOLLOWING INJURY: WHOSE DECISION SHOULD IT BE?
Authors: I Shrier, P Safai, L Charland
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2014)

Background Return-to-play (RTP) decision-making is required for every injured athlete. However, conflict can and often does emerge between sport medicine clinicians, athletes, coaches and sport associations when engaging in recommended shared decision making processes. Objective This study explores differences in professionals' opinion about which criteria should be used for RTP decisions, and who is best able to evaluate them. Design Cross-sectional survey. Setting Canada. Participants Canadian sport medicine physicians, physiotherapists, athletic therapists, chiropractors, massage therapists, athletes, coaches and representatives from the Canadian Olympic Committee, Canada Games, and Canadian Soccer Association. Risk factor assessment None. Main outcome measurements Descriptive analysis of a 10-min online survey that asked respondents to rate criteria as mandatory to irrelevant on a 5-point Likert scale, and to indicate which profession was best able to evaluate the criteria. Results In general, medical doctors, physiotherapists and athletic therapists were considered best able to assess factors related to risk of injury and complications from injury. Each clinician group (except sport massage therapists) generally believed their own profession has the best capacity to evaluate the criteria. Athletes, coaches and sport associations were considered to have the best capacity to assess factors related to competition (desire, psychological and financial impact, and loss of competitive standing). There remained considerable heterogeneity both between and within stakeholder groups. Conclusions We found that differences in approach to RTP decisions were generally greater within stakeholder groups compared to between stakeholder groups. If shared decision making is to become the norm in clinical sport medicine, we will need to begin a more fulsome discussion on which discrepancies can be addressed by education and research, and which simply reflect the divergence of values among different individuals.
Mumps meningoencephalitis in children
Authors: P. H. Azimi
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Fifty-one children with mumps meningoencephalitis were studied. The disease occurred throughout the year, with higher frequency in boys. The disease was of short duration and was generally benign. Parotitis accompanied meningoencephalitis in 47% of the patients. Appropriate serologic studies and/or recovery of virus from cerebrospinal fluid, saliva, urine, or washings of throat swabs are essential for the diagnosis of mumps meningoencephalitis in the absence of parotitis. All children recovered uneventfully and follow-up examinations of 33 children 4 to 40 months after the onset of meningoencephalitis showed no neurological sequelae or hearing loss. Serum amylase concentration was found to be elevated in the presence of parotitis and generally normal in primary mumps meningoencephalitis.
Human Pulmonary Responses to Experimental Inhalation of High Concentration Fine and Ultrafine Magnesium Oxide Particles
Authors: Ware G. Kuschner, Hofer Wong, Alessandra D'Alessandro, Patricia Quinlan, Paul D. Blanc
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1997)

Exposure to air polluted with particles less than 2.5 micron in size is associated epidemiologically with adverse cardiopulmonary health consequences in humans. The goal of this study was to characterize human pulmonary responses to controlled experimental high-dose exposure to fine and ultrafine magnesium oxide particles. We quantified bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cell and cytokine concentrations, pulmonary function, and peripheral blood neutrophil concentrations in six healthy volunteers 18 to 20 hr after inhalation of fine and ultrafine magnesium oxide particles produced from a furnace system model. We compared postexposure studies with control studies from the same six subjects. Mean +/- standard deviation (SD) cumulative magnesium dose was 4,138 +/- 2,163 min x mg/m3. By weight, 28% of fume particles were ultrafine (<0.1 micron in diameter) and over 98% of fume particles were fine (<2.5 micron in diameter). There were no significant differences in BAL inflammatory cell concentrations, BAL interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, IL-8, tumor necrosis factor, pulmonary function, or peripheral blood neutrophil concentrations postexposure compared with control. Our findings suggest that high-dose fine and ultrafine magnesium oxide particle exposure does not produce a measurable pulmonary inflammatory response. These findings are in marked contrast with the well-described pulmonary inflammatory response following zinc oxide particle inhalation. We conclude that fine and ultrafine particle inhalation does not result in toxicity in a generic manner independent of particle composition. Our findings support the concept that particle chemical composition, in addition to particle size, is an important determinant of respiratory effects.
Radioiodine-labelled alpha-methyl-tyrosine in malignant melanoma:cell culture studies and results in patients
Authors: R. BÖNI, H. STEINERT, R.HUCH BÖNI, G.K.VON SCHULTHESS, J. MEYER, R. DUMMER, G. BURG, G. WESTERA
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1997)
PERILS OF SANITATION.
Journal: JAMA (1899)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
National Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Awareness Month — November 2015
Authors: Karen Kirtland, Pyone Cho, Linda Geiss, Thomas Frieden, Harold Jaffe, Joanne Cono, Chesley Richards, Michael Iademarco, Sonja Rasmussen, Charlotte Kent, Jacqueline Gindler, Teresa Rutledge, Douglas Weatherwax, Soumya Dunworth, Teresa Hood, Martha Boyd, Maureen Leahy, Julia Martinroe, Stephen Spriggs, Moua Yang, Quang Doan, Phyllis King, Teresa Moreland, Terraye Starr, Timothy Jones, Matthew Boulton, Virginia Caine, Katherine Daniel, Jonathan Fielding, David Fleming, William Halperin, King Holmes, Robin Ikeda, Rima Khabbaz, Phyllis Meadows, Jewel Mullen, Jeff Niederdeppe, Patricia Quinlisk, Patrick Remington, Carlos Roig, William Roper, William Schaffner, Paul Creswell
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2015)

November is National Diabetes Month.In the United States, approximately 29 million persons have diabetes, and an additional 86 million adults have prediabetes, putting them at risk for developing type 2 diabetes, heart disease, and stroke (1).Persons with diabetes can take steps to control the disease and prevent complications, and those with prediabetes can prevent or delay the onset of type 2 diabetes through weight loss, healthy eating, and physical activity (1,2).After decades of continued increases, the prevalence of diabetes changed little from 2007-2008 to 2011-2012 (3).CDC and the American Medical Association has launched Prevent Diabetes STAT: Screen, Test, Act Today (http://www.preventdiabetesstat.org).This multiyear initiative includes a toolkit (http://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/prevention/pdf/STAT_toolkit.pdf ) to help persons determine their risk for type 2 diabetes and to guide health care providers on the best methods to screen patients for prediabetes and refer patients at high risk to prevention programs.The CDC-led National Diabetes Prevention Program promotes diabetes prevention programs that focus on lifestyle changes in communities throughout the United States (4).More information about CDCrecognized diabetes prevention programs is available at https://nccd.cdc.gov/DDT_DPRP/Registry.aspx.