tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The flip side of obesity: those who undereat
Authors: M. Korcok
Journal: JAMA (1982)

Though Americans often are chided for their tendency to overeat, there are many—particularly adolescent girls and menstruating women—who are not eating enough and whose preoccupation with "thinness" is damaging their health. Nathan J. Smith, MD, professor of pediatrics and orthopedics in the Division of Sports Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, told a symposium on diet and exercise in Orlando, Fla, that to maintain their energy balance—avoid taking in more calories than they expend in exercise—many people are depriving themselves of essential nutrients, such as iron. The symposium was sponsored by the American Medical Association and the Florida Medical Association. "It is... difficult and often impossible to assure nutritional adequacy... with diets of less than 2,000 calories for adults and adolescents," said Smith. He added that the problem of depleted nutrients has been best documented in studies of adolescent girls and women in their reproductive years who must
Prediction of the Rodent Carcinogenicity of Organic Compounds from Their Chemical Structures Using the FALS Method
Authors: Ikuo Moriguchi, Hiroyuki Hirano, Shuichi Hirono
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1996)

Fuzzy adaptive least-squares (FALS), a pattern recognition method recently developed in our laboratory for correlating structure with activity rating, was used to generate quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) models on the carcinogenicity of organic compounds of several chemical classes.Using the predictive models obtained from the chemical class-based FALS QSAR approach, the rodent carcinogenicity or noncarcinogenicity of a group of organic chemicals currently being tested by the U.S.
SWOG S1505: A randomized phase II study of perioperative mFOLFIRINOX vs. gemcitabine/nab-paclitaxel as therapy for resectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
Authors: Davendra Sohal, Shannon L McDonough, Syed A. Ahmad, Namita Gandhi, Muhammad Shaalan Beg, Andrea Wang-Gillam, Katherine Guthrie, Andrew M. Lowy, Philip Agop Philip, Howard S. Hochster
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2018)

TPS4153 Background: Clinical outcomes after curative therapy for resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) remain suboptimal. Series show that 70-85% of patients die of systemic recurrence. Improved overall survival (OS) in the metastatic setting with the use of multi-agent chemotherapy regimens (FOLFIRINOX, gemcitabine/nab-paclitaxel) holds the promise of progress in the curative setting as well. However, aggressive systemic therapy is usually not feasible after major pancreatic surgery. Therefore, early control of systemic disease by increased preoperative chemotherapy may improve outcomes. Furthermore, the perioperative platform facilitates early identification of patients with chemotherapy-resistant tumors and allows prospective biomarker studies in the future. Methods: This is a randomized phase II study intended to choose the most promising perioperative regimen to test in a larger trial. Eligibility requirements include adult patients with an ECOG PS of 0 or 1, a confirmed histopathologic diagnosis of PDA, and resectable disease as confirmed by central radiology review: no involvement of the celiac, common hepatic, or superior mesenteric arteries (and, if present, variants); no involvement, or < 180° interface between tumor and vessel wall, of the portal or superior mesenteric veins; patent portal vein/splenic vein confluence; no metastases. Treatment includes 12 weeks [either 6 doses of mFOLFIRINOX (5-fluorouracil, irinotecan, oxaliplatin – without bolus 5-FU and leucovorin), or 9 doses of gemcitabine/nab-paclitaxel, on standard schedules] of preoperative chemotherapy, followed by surgical resection and 12 weeks of identical postoperative chemotherapy. Primary outcome is 2-year OS, using a “pick the winner” design with minimum two-year OS of 40% assuming a 58% alternative hypothesis, 88% power, and a 1-sided α of 0.05, providing 90% probability of selecting the better regimen with a total sample size of 150 patients. Correlative studies are planned. The study opened through the National Clinical Trials Network (NCT02562716), and is supported by NIH/NCI/NCTN grants CA180888, CA180819, CA180821, CA180833. Clinical trial information: NCT02562716.
Zeitschrift f d Ges Innere Medizin, Leipzig
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Incorrect Price of Reviewed Book in: The Color Atlas of Family Medicine
Authors: Martin Siegel
Journal: JAMA (2009)

centration indices 2 could be applied.These can provide good information about the income-related distribution of health variables, which would be essential for the issues discussed in the Commentary.For instance, according to the Commentary Figure, Denmark had low poverty rates and child mortality.However, despite its comparably low income inequality, Denmark has considerably high health inequality. 3hird, the estimated effect of poverty still appears to be fairly small, and no test statistics for model fit or parameter significance were presented.It would help if the author could provide standard errors of the estimated coefficients, since these tend to remain comparably large in such small samples.Fourth, the statistical model that was used requires further explanation.Using poverty as a dependent variable and considering child mortality as an explanatory factor does not seem intuitive.When discussing child mortality and health-related disadvantages due to poverty, the inverse relation should be analyzed.
Methodological Approaches to the Study of the Combined Effect of Atmospheric Pollutants as Illustrated by Chlorinated Hydrocarbons
Authors: G. I. Sidorenko, V. R. Tsulaya, E. I. Korenevskaya, T. I. Bonashevskaya
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1976)

The combined effect of substances with a unidirectional toxic action was studied with the use of several chlorinated hydrocarbons, including 1,2-dichloropropane, 1,2,3-trichloropropane, and perchlorethylene at various concentrations. The results of the study can be used as the basis for the development of methodological approaches to the study of the combined action of toxic substances administered by inhalation. The research plan also incorporated the problem of explaining the nature of the action of the mixture of the test compounds in acute, subacute, and chronic animal experiments. All of the studies were conducted with each compound alone and then in various combinations by using the concentration--time relationship, since a correct evaluation of the combined action of compounds can be obtained by comparing these with the effects observed for the action of each component alone. A graphic representation was obtained of the onset time for a given effect (loss of righting reflex for 50% of the animals) as a function of the active concentrations for the short-term effect of high concentrations of 1,2-dichloropropane, 1,2,3-trichloropropane, and perchloroethylene based on the concentration--time relationship. The nature of the combined action of various combinations (two and three substances) with respect to concentration was studied by using these graphs. At high concentrations, the action of various combinations of the studied substances is additive. An inverse relationship was discovered in subacute experiments between the inactive concentrations and the onset time for changes in the vital activity indices of an organism: the lower the concentration, the later the changes. Additional data were obtained as the result of morphofunctional studies on the toxic properties of the studied compounds, on damage reactions and on adaptational changes. This is of interest from the point of view of explaining the mechanism of action at various concentrations.
IS HYDROPHOBIA A PROTOZOIC DISEASE?
Journal: JAMA (1903)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Nephrosclerosis—The Persistent Question
Journal: JAMA (1970)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Why Me?
Authors: David P. Steensma
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2002)

Article Tools THE ART OF ONCOLOGY: WHEN THE TUMOR IS NOT THE TARGET Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2002.20.3.873 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 11821476 Why Me? David P. SteensmaxDavid P. SteensmaSearch for articles by this author Show More From the Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2002.20.3.873 First Page Full Text PDF Figures and Tables © 2002 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Multistate Outbreak of Viral Gastroenteritis Associated With Consumption of Oysters—Apalachicola Bay, Florida, December 1994-January 1995
Journal: JAMA (1995)

On January 3, 1995, the Florida Department of Health and Rehabilitative Services (HRS) was notified of an outbreak of acute gastroenteritis associated with eating oysters. The subsequent investigation by HRS has identified 34 separate clusters of cases, many of which were associated with oysters harvested during December 29-31 from 13 Mile Area and Cat Point in Apalachicola Bay. Oysters were shipped to other states, but additional clusters of illness associated with these oysters have been reported only in Georgia. Most of these oysters were served steamed or roasted. This report summarizes the preliminary findings of the ongoing investigation of this outbreak.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
The Impact of ADHD and Autism Spectrum Disorders on Temperament, Character, and Personality Development
Authors: Henrik Anckarsäter, Ola Stahlberg, Tomas Larson, Catrin Hakansson, Sig-Britt Jutblad, Lena Niklasson, Agneta Nydén, Elisabet Wentz, Stefan Westergren, C Robert Cloninger, Christopher Gillberg, Maria Rastam
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2006)

Objective: The authors describe personality development and disorders in relation to symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorders. Method: Consecutive adults referred for neuropsychiatric investigation (N=240) were assessed for current and lifetime ADHD and autism spectrum disorders and completed the Temperament and Character Inventory. In a subgroup of subjects (N=174), presence of axis II personality disorders was also assessed with the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Personality Disorders (SCID-II). Results: Patients with ADHD reported high novelty seeking and high harm avoidance. Patients with autism spectrum disorders reported low novelty seeking, low reward dependence, and high harm avoidance. Character scores (self-directedness and cooperativeness) were extremely low among subjects with neuropsychiatric disorders, indicating a high overall prevalence of personality disorders, which was confirmed with the SCID-II. Cluster B personality disorders were more common in subjects with ADHD, while cluster A and C disorders were more common in those with autism spectrum disorders. The overlap between DSM-IV personality disorder categories was high, and they seem less clinically useful in this context. Conclusions: ADHD and autism spectrum disorders are associated with specific temperament configurations and an increased risk of personality disorders and deficits in character maturation.
Marital status, health, and use of health services. An old relationship revisited
Authors: A. R. Somers
Journal: JAMA (1979)

Historical data indicate that married persons live longer on the average than unmarried persons and that they generally make less use of health care services. These facts are increasingly important in view of the growing proportion of "singles" in the US population. The complex cause-and-effect relationship between marriage and better health has long been recognized, but there is now some indication that the relationship is less strong than before. Despite lack of precise knowledge on many aspects of this issue, two facts are clear: perceptions of health, illness, and "need" for health care are constantly changing; and as the family's role in health has declined, there has been a concurrent rise in the "need" for, and cost of, the external health care system. The future of these trends depends, in part, on the future of the American family. (<i>JAMA</i>241:1818-1822, 1979)
Authors’ correction for Euro Surveill. 2020;25(7)
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2020)

© This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Closure This is a corrected article applying to the following content: Acute hepatitis C infection among adults with HIV in the Netherlands between 2003 and 2016: a capture–recapture analysis for the 2013 to 2016 period
Persistence of Drug-Resistant Leukemic Stem Cells and Impaired NK Cell Immunity in CML Patients Depend on MIR300 Antiproliferative and PP2A-Activating Functions
Authors: Giovannino Silvestri, Rossana Trotta, Lorenzo Stramucci, Justin J. Ellis, Jason G. Harb, Paolo Neviani, Shuzhen Wang, Ann-Kathrin Eisfeld, Christopher J. Walker, Bin Zhang, Klara Srutova, Carlo Gambacorti-Passerini, Gabriel Pineda, Catriona H. M. Jamieson, Fabio Stagno, Paolo Vigneri, Georgios Nteliopoulos, Philippa C. May, Alistair G. Reid, Ramiro Garzon, Denis-Claude Roy, Moutuaata M. Moutuou, Martin Guimond, Peter Hokland, Michael W. Deininger, Garrett Fitzgerald, Christopher Harman, Francesco Dazzi, Dragana Milojkovic, Jane F. Apperley, Guido Marcucci, Jianfei Qi, Katerina Machova Polakova, Ying Zou, Xiaoxuan Fan, Maria R. Baer, Bruno Calabretta, Danilo Perrotti
Journal: Blood Cancer Discovery (2020)

<h3></h3> Persistence of drug-resistant quiescent leukemic stem cells (LSC) and impaired natural killer (NK) cell immune response account for relapse of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). Inactivation of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) is essential for CML-quiescent LSC survival and NK cell antitumor activity. Here we show that <i>MIR300</i> has antiproliferative and PP2A-activating functions that are dose dependently differentially induced by CCND2/CDK6 and SET inhibition, respectively. <i>MIR300</i> is upregulated in CML LSCs and NK cells by bone marrow microenvironment (BMM) signals to induce quiescence and impair immune response, respectively. Conversely, BCR-ABL1 downregulates <i>MIR300</i> in CML progenitors to prevent growth arrest and PP2A-mediated apoptosis. Quiescent LSCs escape apoptosis by upregulating <i>TUG1</i> long noncoding RNA that uncouples and limits <i>MIR300</i> function to cytostasis. Genetic and pharmacologic <i>MIR300</i> modulation and/or PP2A-activating drug treatment restore NK cell activity, inhibit BMM-induced growth arrest, and selectively trigger LSC apoptosis <i>in vitro</i> and in patient-derived xenografts; hence, the importance of <i>MIR300</i> and PP2A activity for CML development and therapy. <h3>Significance:</h3> Tumor-naïve microenvironment–induced <i>MIR300</i> is the only tumor suppressor miRNA that induces CML LSC quiescence while inhibiting NK cell antitumor immune response, and CML LSC/progenitor cell apoptosis through its anti-proliferative and PP2A-activating functions, respectively. Thus, the importance of <i>MIR300</i> and PP2A-activating drugs for formation/survival and eradication of drug-resistant CML LSCs, respectively. <i>See related commentary by Broxmeyer, p. 13</i>. <i>This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 5</i>
Predictors of complete pathological response (pT0) to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in muscle-invasive bladder carcinoma (MIBC).
Authors: Venkata Kiran Pokuri, Johar R. Syed, Zhengyu Yang, Erinn P. Field, Roberto Pili, Ellis Glenn Levine, Donald L. Trump, Alan Hutson, Khurshid Guru, Saby George
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

e15501 Background: Randomized trials support the use of NAC in MIBC due to survival advantage which appeared to be strongly related to down staging of the cancer to pT0. However, only 30-40% of patients receiving NAC have a pT0 response at cystectomy and the remaining have either residual disease or progressive disease. The purpose of our study is to identify factors which could predict a pT0 response to NAC. Methods: Among 310 patients who underwent robotic cystectomy at our institute from 2007 to 2013, we identified 48 patients who received NAC for MIBC. We did a retrospective study dividing these 48 patients into 2 groups- pT0 group and those without pT0 (either residual or progressive disease). Factors including age, histology, multifocality, hydronephrosis at initial presentation and type of chemotherapy were examined by both univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis to see if they predict pT0 response to NAC. The tests were two-sided and tested at level alpha=0.05. Results: Twelve (25%) of the 48 patients had pT0 response at cystectomy, 18 (37.5%) had progressive disease and 18 (37.5%) had residual disease. Median age of the cohort was 67.5 years, median glomerular filtration rate at presentation was 86 ml/min, median number of chemotherapy cycles was 3 and median time from end of chemotherapy to surgery was 4.3 weeks. The odds of pT0 response for pure urothelial carcinoma (UC) was approximately 4.5 times higher relative to cancers with additional transitional cell variants or non-urothelial components (mixed tumors) [Odds Ratio, 0.22; 95% CI, 0.05 to 0.99; p=0.0489], including squamous, glandular differentiation, micropapillary, sarcomatoid, nested component and lymphoepithelioma. Absence of multifocality, absence of hydronephrosis and receipt of cisplatin based chemotherapy (compared to non-cisplatin chemotherapy) favored pT0 response without statistical significance. Conclusions: In this study, presence of pure UC favored pT0 response to NAC as compared to those with mixed tumors. The results and trends are hypothesis generating. These potential predictors warrant further investigation in larger studies which could lead to ideal selection of patients for NAC.
Mandated Choice
Authors: Aaron Spital
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>Objectives.</h3> —To estimate the impact of mandated choice—a system that requires competent adults to decide prospectively whether or not they wish to be organ donors when they die—on public commitment to organ donation; and to explore who is best suited to provide consent—the family or the individual? <h3>Design.</h3> —A national, random-digit telephone survey conducted by the Gallup Organization in July 1993. <h3>Participants.</h3> —A representative sample (n=1002) of adults (aged 18 years and older) living in homes with telephones in the continental United States. <h3>Results.</h3> —Although the majority of respondents had given at least some thought to organ donation, only 25% had carefully considered this issue. Overall, 30% had decided to donate, but 58% were undecided and only 38% had made their wishes known to a family member. Yet the vast majority (82%) believes that the best way to obtain consent is for each adult to decide for himself or herself, rather than leaving this decision for the family. Under mandated choice, which is designed to encourage such self-determination, 63% would sign up to donate, 24% would not, and 13% were unsure. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —Only a small fraction of the US public is currently committed to organ donation and relatively few people have carefully considered and communicated their wishes regarding this important issue. Therefore, the difficult question of consent is often left for the family. Yet most people believe that ideally all adults should answer this question for themselves, in contrast to our present family-oriented approach, but consistent with the design of mandated choice. If mandated choice became law, it appears that most adults would sign up to donate, thereby increasing the pool of desperately needed committed donors. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1995;273:504-506)
Abstracts of the Annual Meeting of The Endocrine Society
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (1982)

Journal Article Abstracts of the Annual Meeting of The Endocrine Society Get access Endocrine Reviews, Volume 3, Issue 2, 1 April 1982, Page 228, https://doi.org/10.1210/edrv-3-2-228 Published: 01 April 1982