tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 14122: Myeloid Cell mPGES-1 Depletion Attenuates Mortality After Myocardial Infarction in Mice
Authors: Lihong Chen, Guangrui Yang, Garret FitzGerald
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Selective depletion of microsomal PGE2 synthase (mPGES) -1 in myeloid cells retards atherogenesis and suppresses the vascular proliferative response to injury, while it does not predispose to thrombogenesis or hypertension. However, studies using bone marrow transplants from irradiated mice suggest that myeloid cell mPGES-1 facilitates cardiac remodeling and prolongs survival after experimental myocardial infarction (MI). Here we addressed this question using mice lacking mPGES-1 in myeloid cells, particularly macrophages (Mac-mPGES-1 KO), generated by crossing mPGES-1 floxed mice with LysMCre mice, and subjecting them to coronary artery ligation. Cardiac structure and function were assessed by morphometric analysis, echocardiography, and invasive hemodynamics 7 and 28 days after MI. Despite a similar infarct size, in contrast to the prior report, the post-MI survival rate was markedly improved in the Mac-mPGES-1 KO mice compared to WT controls (92.9% vs. 55.6%, p=0.03). Left ventricular systolic (reflected by ejection fraction, fractional shortening, end systolic pressure, and +dP/dt) and diastolic function (reflected by end diastolic pressure, -dP/dt, and Tau), cardiac hypertrophy (reflected by LV dimensions) and staining for fibrosis did not differ between the groups. In conclusion, Cre-loxP mediated deletion of mPGES-1 in myeloid cells has favorable effects on post-MI survival, with no detectable adverse influence on post-MI remodeling. These results add to evidence that targeting macrophage mPGES-1 may represent a safe and efficacious approach to the treatment and prevention of cardiovascular inflammatory disease.
Population-Based Case-Control Study on Cancer Screening
Authors: Tomotaka Sobue, Takaichiro Suzuki, Isaburo Fujimoto, Nobuko Yokoi, Tsuguo Naruke
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1990)

Matched case-control studies have recently been used to evaluate the effectiveness of cancer screening. They enable us to estimate the odds ratios of dying of cancer or of getting invasive cancer. The study compares people with various patterns of screening history with those who were not screened. Criteria for eligible cases, controls, and screening histories that are compared as exposures are discussed. The results from a case-control study for evaluating screening for cervical cancer are shown as an example. Also, a study design of a case-control study for evaluating lung cancer screening in Japan is discussed, along with biases and applications of case-control studies in evaluating cancer screening.
"EFFECTS OF CICLESONIDE AND FLUTICASONE ON CORTISOL SECRETION IN PATIENTS WITH PERSISTENT ASTHMA". E. DEROM, R. LOUIS, C. TIESLER, R. ENGELSTATTER, J-M. KAUFMAN AND G.F. JOOS. EUR RESPIR J 2009; 33: 1277-1286.
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2009)
Iatrogenic pneumothorax. An unusual cause
Authors: B. K. Vestal
Journal: JAMA (1976)

PNEUMOTHORAX accounts for approximately 0.2% of all hospital admissions<sup>1</sup>and occurs as a complication of mechanical ventilation in 4.2% of patients.<sup>2</sup>Although the total yearly incidence of pneumothorax has remained fairly stable, there has been a steady increase in those cases due to iatrogenic causes.<sup>3</sup>This increase is due primarily to improvements in the management of critically and acutely ill patients with increased use of endotracheal intubation, external cardiac massage, percutaneous subclavian catheterization, and continuous ventilatory support. The two case reports that follow should alert physicians to an unusual cause of pneumothorax related to the use of supplemental oxygen, a practice especially common in emergency medicine. <h3>Report of Cases</h3><h3>Case 1.—</h3> In June 1973, a 26-year-old man was admitted to Denver General Hospital after acute ethanol poisoning. He was comatose, unresponsive to painful stimuli, and areflexic. Vital signs and results of a physical examination were otherwise unremarkable.
Telescopic Laryngoscopy
Authors: Dennis A. Greene
Journal: JAMA (1976)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Telescopic laryngoscopy, as described in a recent commentary (236:1017, 1976), will no doubt aid the general physician in identifying asymptomatic conditions of the hypopharynx and larynx and in diagnosing symptomatic lesions better. The cost of the instrument is not extreme, and the cost to benefit ratio, if the telescope is used routinely, is great. In addition, it should be stressed that another anatomical area hard to see and often neglected can easily be examined at the same time. By simply rotating the lens of the telescope 180°, a panoramic view of the entire nasopharynx may be obtained in most patients without the need for additional anesthesia or palatal retraction.
Midline Granuloma
Authors: I. FRIEDMANN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1977)

Comments and Correction1 May 1977Midline GranulomaI. FRIEDMANNI. FRIEDMANNSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-86-5-663_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The discussion in the masterly paper by Fauci, Johnson, and Wolff on the radiotherapy of the idiopathic midline granuloma in the July issue (2) raises several important points.The entity of the lethal or midline granuloma has been doubted. I agree with Fauci and colleagues that "this is an entity characterized by destructive lesions localised to the upper respiratory tract that is unrelated to detectable tumours and probably caused by a fulminant inflammatory response to an unknown antigen." The validity of this entity has, in fact, been confirmed by the authors proposing an alternative terminology.Part of...References1. DEREMEEMCDONALDHARRISON RTE: Wegener's granulomatosis: anatomic correlates, a proposed classification. Mayo Clin Proc 51:777-781, 1976 MedlineGoogle Scholar2. FAUCIJOHNSONWOLFF ARS: Radiation therapy of midline granuloma. Ann Intern Med 84:140-147, 1976 LinkGoogle Scholar3. FRIEDMAN I: The pathology of malignant granuloma. J Laryngol 69:331-341, 1955 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. MCDONALDDEREMEEHARRISON TRE: The protean clinical features of polymorphic reticulosis (lethal midline granuloma). Laryngoscope 86:936-945, 1976 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. SPECTOR W: Granulomatous inflammatory exudate, Int Rev Exp Pathol 8:1-53, 1969 MedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: I. FRIEDMANN PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byLymphomatoid granulomatosis with primary manifestation in the skeletal muscular systemCase 43-1981The protracted superficial phenomenon in pathergic (Wegener's) granulomatosisRadiation therapy in lymphomatoid granulomatosisIdiopathic pleomorphic midfacial granuloma (Stewart's type) 1 May 1977Volume 86, Issue 5Page: 663-663KeywordsAntigensGranulomasLesionsRespiratory system ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1977 PDF downloadLoading ...
TET2 Inactivation Results in Pleiotropic Hematopoietic Abnormalities in Mouse and Is a Recurrent Event during Human Lymphomagenesis
Authors: Cyril Quivoron, Lucile Couronné, Véronique Della Valle, Cécile K. Lopez, Isabelle Plo, Orianne Wagner-Ballon, Marcio Do Cruzeiro, Francois Delhommeau, Bertrand Arnulf, Marc-Henri Stern, Lucy Godley, Paule Opolon, Hervé Tilly, Eric Solary, Yannis Duffourd, Philippe Dessen, Hélène Merle-Beral, Florence Nguyen-Khac, Michaëla Fontenay, William Vainchenker, Christian Bastard, Thomas Mercher, Olivier A. Bernard
Journal: Cancer Cell (2011)
Mountaineering Physicians
Authors: Henry R. Viets
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1955)

OF all the activities of physicians, other than the practice of their chosen profession, mountaineering is perhaps the most fascinating and hazardous. In spite of its perils, doctors have long been drawn to this arduous pursuit, some for the pure pleasure of climbing and others taking the part of medical officers to official expeditions. In some cases, indeed, they have been the actual leaders of exploring parties. Of those who have climbed primarily for pleasure, none are more noteworthy than William Howard and Jeremiah Van Rensselaer, young American medical graduates who topped Mont Blanc in 1819, and Clinton Dent, an . . .
Central Pattern Generators for Locomotion, with Special Reference to Vertebrates
Authors: S Grillner
Journal: Annual Review of Neuroscience (1985)

The brain's default mode network consists of discrete, bilateral and symmetrical cortical areas, in the medial and lateral parietal, medial prefrontal, and medial and lateral temporal cortices of the human, nonhuman primate, cat, and rodent brains. Its ...Read More
Highlights
Authors: Howard Bauchner, Robert Golub, L Meeks, K Herzer, C Wray
Journal: JAMA (2016)

Shift-to-shift transitions in care are associated with adverse events among hospitalized patients.Whether end-of-rotation patient care transitions, in which resident physicians ending a clinical rotation transfer patients to residents coming on service, are associated with adverse events is not known.Denson and colleagues examined this question in a cohort of 230 701 patients admitted to internal medicine services at 10 Veterans Aff airs hospitals in 2008 to 2014.The authors found that in-hospital mortality was signifi cantly higher among transition patients (those admitted prior to an end-of-rotation transition who died or were discharged within 7 days following transition) compared with all other patient discharges.In an Editorial, Arora and Farnan discuss why inpatient service changes may be risky for patients.
Dopamine as a Prolactin (PRL) Inhibitor
Authors: N. Ben-Jonathan
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (2001)

Dopamine is a small and relatively simple molecule that fulfills diverse functions. Within the brain, it acts as a classical neurotransmitter whose attenuation or overactivity can result in disorders such as Parkinson's disease and schizophrenia. Major advances in the cloning and characterization of biosynthetic enzymes, transporters, and receptors have increased our knowledge regarding the metabolism, release, reuptake, and mechanism of action of dopamine. Dopamine reaches the pituitary via hypophysial portal blood from several hypothalamic nerve tracts that are regulated by PRL itself, estrogens, and several neuropeptides and neurotransmitters. Dopamine binds to type-2 dopamine receptors that are functionally linked to membrane channels and G proteins and suppresses the high intrinsic secretory activity of the pituitary lactotrophs. In addition to inhibiting PRL release by controlling calcium fluxes, dopamine activates several interacting intracellular signaling pathways and suppresses PRL gene expression and lactotroph proliferation. Thus, PRL homeostasis should be viewed in the context of a fine balance between the action of dopamine as an inhibitor and the many hypothalamic, systemic, and local factors acting as stimulators, none of which has yet emerged as a primary PRL releasing factor. The generation of transgenic animals with overexpressed or mutated genes expanded our understanding of dopamine-PRL interactions and the physiological consequences of their perturbations. PRL release in humans, which differs in many respects from that in laboratory animals, is affected by several drugs used in clinical practice. Hyperprolactinemia is a major neuroendocrine-related cause of reproductive disturbances in both men and women. The treatment of hyperprolactinemia has greatly benefited from the generation of progressively more effective and selective dopaminergic drugs.
Sports eye injuries. A model for prevention
Authors: P. Vinger
Journal: JAMA (1983)

The leadership role that physicians can assume in combating sports-related injuries is clearly demonstrated by the experience in ice hockey. One of the most efficient protective devices in sport to date is the hockey face mask. With the increase in the sport's popularity, particularly in schools and colleges, eye injuries to ice hockey players rose dramatically during the 1960s and 1970s. Working through the Canadian Standards Association (CSA) and the American Society of Testing and Materials (ASTM), ophthalmologists in Canada and the United States collected data documenting the problem, directed development of performance standards for hockey face masks, successfully lobbied hockey organizations to require that players wear face masks meeting the standards, and educated players about the importance of face masks.<sup>1,2</sup> This work was funded, for the most part, by volunteers whose goal was to make ice hockey safer without changing its fast action or basic style. Now, on
Dr John Wall. A profile in porcelain, painting, and pectoral pain
Authors: K. M. Lindgren
Journal: JAMA (1979)

THE NAME Dr John Wall is familiar to all acquainted with English Worcester porcelain. The first and most famous period of manufacture in the Worcester Porcelain Co (now known as the Worcester Royal Porcelain Co, Ltd) has long borne the eponym of one of its founders, Dr John Wall. Notably, Dr Wall was a man best known in his day as a skilled physician. In fact, at the time of his death approximately 200 years ago in 1776, his memorial in Bath Abbey paid tribute to his talents in the "study and practice of a profession most beneficial to mankind"1 but made no mention of his association with the Worcester Porcelain Co. It is ironic that collectors of porcelain have remembered him, and the history of medicine has passed him by. Yet, his medical contributions were not trivial, and he was probably the first physician to offer autopsy evidence that
Correction
Journal: BMJ (1945)

mentionied above; several of my patients have been followed up for over ten years with no further advance of the disease.The value of x rays in the benign prostatic field is nearly as great as in the similarly too-little-used field of uterine fibroids.Much of the early bladder trouble is due to spasm or congestion (" edema "- Barringer); these are usually quickly allayed by x-ray treatment and operation avoided.All early prostate cases might well have a suitable course of x-ray treatment; for in a considerable percentage this would be found to be a prophylactic against further troubles.Pituitary irradiation might help some cases (as in uterine fibroids).An Eyeless Needle Dr. WRIGHT LAMBERT (Keighley) writes: In reply to Mr
Routine use of a small digital computer in the clinical laboratory
Authors: G. P. Hicks
Journal: JAMA (1966)

It is common for clinical laboratories to experience an increase in demand for their services out of proportion to the increase in the number of patients served. Since this increased reliance upon laboratory studies for diagnosis and follow-up care is based, at least in part, upon growth of knowledge of disease mechanisms, it is likely that this trend will continue. Efforts to cope with this expanding work load by introducing automatic analytical equipment have been only partly successful. There remain, not substantially affected by automation, an increasing number and variety of manually performed tests and the formidable task of processing the output of the automatic instruments. The use of digital computers has been proposed as a solution to this problem and several applications have been described.<sup>1-6</sup>These systems have involved largely the handling of data once thay have been put into computer-processable form. Relatively little attention has been given
Abstract 457: Rad-deletion Provides Dual Therapeutic Benefits for the Heart
Authors: Janet R Manning, Lakshman Chelvarajan, Catherine N Withers, Prabhakara R Nagareddy, Christopher M Haggerty, Brandon K Fornwalt, Himi Tripathi, Ahmed Abdel-Latif, Douglas A Andres, Jonathan Satin
Journal: Circulation Research (2017)

Rationale: Myocardial infarction (MI) compromises the overall mechanical function of the heart, reducing cardiac output and triggering decompensatory remodeling. Rad GTPase is an L-type calcium channel complex (LTCC) constituent that governs trigger calcium in the myocardium. Rad deletion in mice results in increased Ca 2+ handling and a sustained non-pathological improvement in left ventricular function compared to wildtype. Hypothesis: Rad-ablation attenuates post-ischemic loss of function, resulting in reduced remodeling and improved long-term contractility. Methods and Results: We subjected Rad-deficient (Rad -/- ) mice to ligation of the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery, and monitored cardiac structure and function using echocardiography and single cell Ca 2+ measurements. We found that Rad deletion reduces both mortality and contractile dysfunction after MI, as well as ventricular dilation over five weeks. This improvement is also accompanied by preserved Ca 2+ handling in isolated myocytes. Histological and MRI examination of ex vivo global ischemia and in vivo 24 hour post-MI myocardium revealed that initial infarct size and area at risk are comparable between knockout and wildtype. Rad loss reduced scar spread independent of preserving tissue viability. mRNA microarray findings implicated differential inflammatory pathway activation with Rad-deletion. Rad -/- showed reduced neutrophil extravasation and reduced inflammatory cytokines in the left ventricle 24 hours after MI. Conclusion: Rad deletion results in reduced cardiac remodeling, diminished myocardial inflammation, and improved contractile function before and after MI. These results suggest that Rad-deletion is a novel therapeutic direction that may serve as a combined positive inotrope and regulator of acute MI inflammatory response.
A Controlled Comparison of Aspirin and Oral Anticoagulants in Prevention of Death after Myocardial Infarction
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1982)

Although neither aspirin nor oral anticoagulants have been conclusively shown to reduce mortality in patients surviving myocardial infarction, both have been widely used for that purpose. In the present clinical trial we compared the effects of aspirin (0.5 g given three times a day) and oral-anticoagulant therapy. Of 6908 patients considered for entry, 1303 were randomized to anticoagulant (652) or aspirin (651) an average of 11.4 days after the onset of myocardial infarction and were followed for 6 to 59 months (mean, 29 months). There were 65 deaths in the anticoagulant group and 72 in the aspirin group. The number of patients with reinfarctions was higher in the aspirin group (33 vs. 20). None of these differences were statistically significant. Almost twice as many patients were withdrawn from therapy in the aspirin group. There were 54 per cent more patients with gastrointestinal events in the aspirin group and four times more patients with episodes of severe bleeding in the anticoagulant group. We conclude that aspirin in the dosage used is probably not different from oral anticoagulants in affecting mortality and morbidity after a myocardial infarction. However, this study does not consider the effectiveness of either agent in comparison to no antithrombotic therapy — an issue that remains unsettled. (N Engl J Med. 1982; 307:701–8.)
Pediatric Gynecology
Journal: JAMA (1942)

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VariantDB: A flexible annotation and filtering portal for next generation sequencing data
Authors: Geert Vandeweyer, Lut Van Laer, Bart Loeys, Tim Van den Bulcke, R Kooy
Journal: Genome Medicine (2014)

Interpretation of the multitude of variants obtained from next generation sequencing (NGS) is labor intensive and complex. Web-based interfaces such as Galaxy streamline the generation of variant lists but lack flexibility in the downstream annotation and filtering that are necessary to identify causative variants in medical genomics. To this end, we built VariantDB, a web-based interactive annotation and filtering platform that automatically annotates variants with allele frequencies, functional impact, pathogenicity predictions and pathway information. VariantDB allows filtering by all annotations, under dominant, recessive or de novo inheritance models and is freely available at http://www.biomina.be/app/variantdb/ .