tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abortion
Authors: Charles D. Aring
Journal: JAMA (1974)

IT MIGHT be helpful if pregnancy grew from an immaculate desire, oriented mainly toward a child's good life. We know that this is far from the case. It has been estimated that 20% of US births are unwanted. I wouldn't presume to prescribe the circumstances under which a child ought to be conceived. The variables are such as to defy programming any computer. No one discipline is equipped to tackle the problem of abortion. It touches on all of living. From a medical viewpoint, each case is best considered on its merits. However, the magnitude of the decision does call for some guides to judgment. Historically, abortion has been fought over with such irrationality that anyone entering the arena is apt to feel the heat rather than see the light. The conflict stirs up the animals, to use one of William Bean's phrases. Yet, as President Truman had it, those
“Evolution of respiratory function in Duchenne muscular dystrophy from childhood to adulthood.” Antonella LoMauro, Marianna Romei, Sandra Gandossini, Riccardo Pascuzzo, Simone Vantini, Maria Grazia D'Angelo and Andrea Aliverti.<i>Eur Respir J</i>2018; 51: 1701418.
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2018)
An outbreak of hepatitis B in members of a high school sumo wrestling club
Authors: S. Kashiwagi
Journal: JAMA (1982)

SPREAD of hepatitis B virus (HBV) is due mainly to exposure to previously contaminated needles or infected blood, and transmission is also fostered by close contact with persons who are viremic with HBV. Although it is well recognized that chronic HBV carriers are the source of HBV in ongoing chains of infection, an exact mechanism of person-to-person transmission of HBV has not yet been clarified. We report an outbreak of hepatitis B in which the source of infection was traced to a sumo wrestler with HBV, and the transmission of the virus was due to skin contact while wrestling. <h3>Hepatitis B Outbreak</h3> In a one-year period (February 1979 to January 1980), hepatitis developed in five of ten members of a high school sumo wrestling club in Nakatsu City, Oita prefecture, Japan. Hepatitis developed in the first patient in mid-February 1979. The second case developed on July 3,1979, and the third
NCCN NewsWhat's Next? NCCN Gathers Healthcare Policy Experts to Deliberate Challenges to Patient Safety and Access to Cancer Care Under the New AdministrationNCCN and CancerLinQ Collaborating to Provide Evidence-Based, Decision-Making Resources to PhysiciansNCCN Awards Grants to Investigators at Member Institutions to Study Osimertinib in Lung Cancer
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2017)

Patient safety has long been recognized as an integral component of high-quality and effective medical care.The stakes are especially high in oncology, where avoiding errors is imperative to delivering safe and effective radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and other high-risk treatments.Moreover, there is uncertainty surrounding shifting healthcare priorities under the Trump administration and subsequent implications for safety and access to high-quality patient-centered cancer care.During the NCCN Policy Summit: Ensuring Patient Access and Safety in Cancer Care, experts considered these and other pertinent issues, including changing paradigms in cancer treatment, access to clinical trials and "Right to Try" legislation, and patient safety and access issues within the overall context of an increasing focus on defining and delivering high-quality cancer care through payment models based on value rather than volume.The summit took place on Thursday, June 15, 2017, at the National Press Club in Washington, DC."Addressing safety issues throughout the cancer care continuum must be met with an increased focus on guidelines, awareness, resources, and training," said F. Marc Stewart, MD, oncologist and Medical Director, Seattle Cancer Care Alliance, and Co-Chair of the NCCN Best Practices Committee."Understanding patient safety issues from patient, provider, and cancer center perspectives and recognizing the innovative approaches to address these gaps are integral components of high-quality cancer care."Clifford Goodman, PhD, of The Lewin Group moderated the summit, which consisted of short presentations followed by roundtable discussions with lively discourse.As developers of the widely used NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology (NCCN Guidelines) that set the standard of cancer care in the United States, NCCN is invested in provision of high-quality, safe, value-based cancer care.Moreover, the library of NCCN Chemotherapy Order Templates (NCCN Templates) include chemotherapy, immunotherapy, supportive care agents, monitoring parameters, and safety instructions based directly on recommendations within the NCCN Guidelines.The NCCN Templates were initially published as a result of the first NCCN patient safety policy summit held in 2006, and today NCCN has published more than 1,500 chemotherapy order templates, which have been integrated into various electronic health record platforms for use at point of care.
Splinting vs Surgery for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Authors: Andrea Klauser, Michael Schirmer
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
LIMIT OSTEOPATHS TO WHAT THEY PROFESS.
Journal: JAMA (1901)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
First evaluation of multi-modal fice for detection and differentiation of small bowel lesions at capsule endoscopy
Authors: A. Murino, E. J. Despott, Z. Tsiamoulos, A. O'Rourke, B. Saunders, C. Fraser
Journal: Gut (2011)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Multi-modal Flexible spectral Imaging Color Enhancement (FICE) (Fujinon, Saitama, Japan) is a novel imaging technique, which attempts to augment endoscopic detection and differentiation of gastrointestinal lesions. FICE is computer aided reprocessing that enhances original white light (WL) images by reconstituting virtual ones for a range of different optical wavelengths. Recently FICE has also been incorporated into reporting software of the most widely available small bowel capsule endoscopy (SBCE) system (GIVEN Imaging, Israel). This is the first study to evaluate the usefulness of FICE computer aided detection and differentiation of small bowel (SB) lesions seen at SBCE. <h3>Methods</h3> 30 WL video clips (10 seconds each), subdivided into six diagnostic categories (angioectasias, ulceration, polyps, coeliac disease, bleeding, normal) were selected from our SBCE database by an experienced capsule endoscopist. Each of these clips was then reprocessed to generate an additional four multi-modal FICE versions in different optical wavelengths (red, blue, green and enhanced contrast FICE). This generated a total 150 SBCE video clips (including original WL clips) that were evaluated by three experienced capsule endoscopists, blinded to the content of each clip. The primary endpoint was the assessment of high confidence interpretation of the correct diagnosis. <h3>Results</h3> Interim analysis of the results at this stage, suggest that the correct identification of the lesions appeared to be broadly similar for WL and all multimodal FICE wavelengths (84% for WL vs 89% for FICE). However, the confidence level of reporting appeared to be higher for WL than for FICE (84% vs 68%) at this stage. Intra-group analyses for FICE showed that the confidence level of reporting was highest for high contrast FICE and lowest for blue FICE (68% vs 45%). <h3>Conclusion</h3> The preliminary results suggest that although the diagnostic accuracy of FICE appears to be similar to that of WL, the confidence of reporting with FICE appears to be lower. This may be reflective of the novelty of the technology and therefore, minimal operator experience in its use. Further larger studies are required to evaluate any potential benefit of FICE over WL SB lesion detection and differentiation.
Little Progress Made in US Foodborne Infection Rates
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
THE FIRST POSTMORTEM RECORDED IN THE COUNTRY.
Journal: JAMA (1993)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Weekend Worriers
Authors: Donald A. Redelmeier, Chaim M. Bell
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2007)

Clinicians strive to provide care to patients every day of the week. Doing so entails effort, and people who work in hospitals (unlike those in many other lines of work) are not always compensated for taking the weekend shift. Casual observations of hospital parking lots suggest that staffing shortfalls may prevail, indicating that the intensity of medical care on weekends does not match that provided on other days of the week.The shortfall of weekend medical care is important because the consequences of adverse events cannot always be offset by working harder on subsequent days. For example, treatment of myocardial . . .
Bevacizumab plus interferon-alpha versus interferon-alpha monotherapy in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma: Results of overall survival for CALGB 90206
Authors: B. I. Rini, S. Halabi, J. Rosenberg, W. M. Stadler, D. A. Vaena, J. N. Atkins, J. Picus, P. Czaykowski, J. Dutcher, E. J. Small
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

LBA5019 Background: Bevacizumab (BEV) plus interferon alpha (IFN) demonstrated a superior objective response rate and progression-free survival (PFS) versus IFN monotherapy in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) patients in 2 phase III trials. The primary objective of CALGB 90206 was to compare overall survival (OS) for advanced RCC patients receiving BEV plus IFN or IFN alone. Methods: Patients with previously-untreated, metastatic RCC with a clear cell component and Karnofsky performance status of ≥ 70% were eligible. Patients were prospectively randomized to receive BEV (10 mg/kg intravenously every 2 weeks) plus IFN (9 million units subcutaneously three times weekly) or the same dose and schedule of IFN as monotherapy. Randomization was stratified by nephrectomy status and number of MSKCC adverse features. The primary endpoint was OS, defined as the time from randomization to death due to any cause. The trial was designed with 86% power to detect a hazard ratio (HR) of 0.76, assuming a two-sided type I error of 0.05. The primary analysis was an intent-to-treat approach using the stratified log-rank statistic, and the present analysis was based on the target number of 588 deaths. Results: Between October 2003 and July 2005, 732 patients were enrolled; 369 pts to BEV plus IFN and 363 pts to IFN monotherapy. The median duration of follow up among censored patients was 46.2 months (IQR=45.2–48.2). The median OS was 18.3 months (95% CI; 16.5–22.5) for BEV plus IFN and 17.4 months (95% CI; 14.4–20.0, unstratified log rank p = 0.097) for IFN monotherapy. The stratified HR was 0.86 (95% CI; 0.73–1.01) for BEV plus IFN compared to IFN (stratified log-rank p = 0.069). The median OS for BEV plus IFN versus IFN was 32.5 vs. 33.5 months (p = 0.524) for MSKCC good risk, 17.7 vs. 16.1 months (p = 0.174) for intermediate risk and 6.6 vs. 5.7 months (p = 0.245) for poor risk patients. The median PFS was 8.4 months vs. 4.9 months (p&lt;0.0001). Fifty-three percent of patients received subsequent systemic therapy. Conclusions: The addition of BEV to IFN significantly improves the objective response rate and PFS versus IFN monotherapy. Overall survival favored the BEV plus IFN arm, not meeting pre-defined criteria for significance. [Table: see text]
FDA Gets Advice on Modernization Act Compliance
Authors: C. Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Update: Childhood Vaccine-Preventable Diseases— United States, 1994
Journal: JAMA (1994)

In 1993, the Childhood Immunization Initiative (CII) established disease elimination goals for six childhood vaccine-preventable diseases. Specific goals for 1996 include elimination of indigenous transmission of measles, rubella (and congenital rubella syndrome [CRS]), poliomyelitis (polio) caused by wild poliovirus, and diphtheria in all age groups; elimination of tetanus in children aged < 15 years; and elimination of invasive disease due to Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) in children aged < 5 years. This report summarizes progress toward reaching these goals during January-August 1994, compares these findings with those from the same period during 1993, and provides information about mumps and pertussis--diseases for which reduction goals will be established.
Allergy and immunology
Authors: R. F. Lockey
Journal: JAMA (1989)

A study of 12 patients with hematologic cancer who underwent allogeneic transplantation of bone marrow whose donors had a history of atopy, revealed that allergen-specific IgE-mediated hypersensitivity was adoptively transferred.<sup>1</sup>Thirty-six patients about to receive antithymocyte globulin (ATG) (pooled horse serum IgG) for bone marrow failure were prick tested with ATG. Of the 3 reacting positively, 2 received intravenous ATG. One of these died of anaphylaxis while the second was successfully desensitized. Bielory et al recommend prick testing all patients to be treated with heterologous antiserum samples, as positive intradermal tests did not predict anaphylaxis. Patients with positive reactions should be desensitized.<sup>2</sup> Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes, derived from metastatic malignant melanoma tumors and expanded in vitro, and interleukin 2 were used to treat patients with metastatic melanoma. Twenty patients were treated by such adoptive transfer after receiving a single intravenous dose of cyclophosphamide. At least a 50% decrease in
Comparative Investigations of the Biodurability of Mineral Fibers in the Rat Lung
Authors: Hartwig Muhle, Bernd Bellmann, Friedrich Pott
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1994)

The biodurability of various glass fibers, rockwool, and ceramic fibers was examined in rat lungs and compared with natural mineral fibers.Experiments were based on studies that have shown that the biodurability of fibers is one of the essential factors of the carcinogenic potency of these materials.Sized fractions of fibers were instilled intratracheally into Wistar rats.The evenness of distribution of fibers in the lung was checked by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) or careful examination of the fiber suspension before treatment.After serial sacrifices up to 24 months after treatment, the fibers were analyzed by SEM following low temperature ashing of the lungs.Parameters measured included number of fibers, diameter, and length distribution at the various sacrifice dates, so that analyses could be made of the elimination kinetics of fibers from the lung in relation to fiber length (FL).Size selective plots of the fiber elimination correlated with fiber diameters enables the mechanism of the fiber elimination (dissolution, fiber breakage, physical clearance) to be interpreted.The half-time of fiber elimination from the lung ranges from about 10 days for wollastonite to more than 300 days for crocidolite.The biodurability of man-made vitreous fibers (MMVF) is between these values and is dependent on the chemical composition of the fibers and the diameter and length distribution.Results indicate that the in vivo durability of glass fibers is considerably longer than expected from extrapolation of published data on their in vitro dissolution rates.-
Prevalence and outcomes of patients (pts) with EGFR S492R ectodomain mutations in ASPECCT: Panitumumab (pmab) vs cetuximab (cmab) in pts with chemorefractory wild-type <i>KRAS</i> exon 2 metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC).
Authors: Timothy Jay Price, Kathryn Newhall, Marc Peeters, Tae Won Kim, Jin Li, Stefano Cascinu, Paul Ruff, Attili Venkatasatya Suresh, Anne L. Thomas, Sergei Tjulandin, Michael Boedigheimer, Kathy Zhang, Roger Sidhu, Swaminathan Murugappan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

e14623 Background: Mutations resistant to anti-EGFR treatment (tx), beyond those in RAS, have been reported and include EGFR S492R. We report results for pts with EGFR S492R mutations in the phase 3 ASPECCT trial. Methods: Pts were randomized 1:1 to receive pmab or cmab. The primary endpoint was non-inferiority of overall survival (OS). Secondary endpoints included progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rate (ORR), and safety. EGFR S492R was evaluated by digital droplet PCR in plasma samples collected pre-tx and post-tx (safety follow-up 4 wks after the last dose). Results from the primary analysis were analyzed by EGFR S492 status. Results: Of 999 pts randomized and treated, post-tx samples were available for EGFR S492 assessment from 53% of pts (261/496) in the pmab arm and 57% of pts (285/503) in the cmab arm. EGFR S492R was detected in 1% of pts in the pmab arm and 16% of pts in the cmab arm in post-tx samples. EGFR S492R was not detected in pre-tx samples. Results are shown (table). Conclusions: In an exploratory analysis of pts with available samples from ASPECCT, 16% of pts in the cmab arm and 1% of pts in the pmab developed EGFR S492R mutations. Pts with EGFR S492R in the cmab arm had longer tx duration before progressive disease (PD) and appeared to have worse OS vs pts with wild-type S492 in the cmab arm. Clinical trial information: NCT01001377. EGFR S492 Evaluable Pts Pmab (n = 262) Cmab (n = 284) HR (95% CI) Median OS - mos (95% CI) 12.5 (11.2 – 14.3) 12.8 (11.7 – 14.7) 1.03 (0.85 – 1.25) Median PFS - mos (95% CI) 4.8 (4.4 – 4.9) 4.8 (4.7 – 5.0) 1.10 (0.92 – 1.30) ORR - % (95% CI) 28.2 (22.9 – 34.1) 25.4 (20.4 – 30.8) Odds Ratio (95% CI) 1.15 (0.77 – 1.72) Tx duration - wks (range) 22 (2-70) 21 (1-94) Tx discontinuation due to PD (%) 94 94 EGFR S492 Evaluable Pts - Cmab Arm Cmab EGFR S492R (mutant) (n = 46) Cmab EGFR S492 (n = 238) HR (95% CI) Median OS - mos (95% CI) 11.9 (10.7 – 14.0) 13.8 (11.5 – 15.4) 1.75 (1.23 – 2.50) Median PFS - mos (95% CI) 5.1 (4.9 – 6.7) 4.7 (3.2 – 4.9) 0.68 (0.10 – 4.92) ORR - % (95% CI) 39.1 (25.1 – 54.6) 22.7 (17.5 – 28.5) Odds Ratio (95% CI) 2.24 (1.07–4.60) Tx duration - wks (range) 22 (6-61) 15 (1-94) Tx discontinuation due to PD (%) 98 94