tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Transforming growth factor-beta1 and ultraviolet A1 radiation increase production of vascular endothelial growth factor but not endothelin-1 in human dermal fibroblasts
Authors: S. Trompezinski, I. Pernet, C. Mayoux, D. Schmitt, J. Viac
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2000)

Background Normal and dysregulated wound healing involves fibroblast activation and angiogenesis, in which polypeptide factors such as transforming growth factor (TGF)‐β, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and endothelin‐1 (ET‐1) play an important part. Ultraviolet (UV) A1 (365 nm) has recently received attention as a possible treatment for some dermal fibrotic disorders. Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of TGF‐β1 and UVA1 radiation, as well as that of cobalt chloride, reported to mimic hypoxia both in vivo and in vitro, on the expression of VEGF and ET‐1 by cultured human dermal fibroblasts. Methods Levels of VEGF and ET‐1 were measured by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay and expression of neutral endopeptidase (NEP, CD10), known to degrade ET‐1, was quantified by flow cytometric analysis after cell trypsinization. Results Our results showed that the cells released minor amounts of VEGF and ET‐1. Both TGF‐β1 and UVA1 strongly increased VEGF secretion in a dose‐ and time‐dependent manner, without significantly affecting ET‐1 release. Irradiation of TGF‐β1‐stimulated fibroblasts resulted in a synergistic effect on increasing levels of VEGF but not ET‐1 after 48 h. Cobalt chloride stimulated the secretion of VEGF by fibroblasts; the effects of TGF‐β1 and cobalt were additive. However, no significant effect of cobalt chloride on ET‐1 secretion was observed, suggesting that ET‐1 production in fibroblasts is not oxygen‐sensitive. The expression of NEP was not modified by TGF‐β1 or UVA1 radiation. Addition of a neutralizing anti‐CD10 antibody to fibroblast cultures downregulated CD10 expression at the cell surface without changing ET‐1 levels in cell supernatants after 24 or 48 h. This suggests that membrane‐bound NEP has minimal or no activity against secreted ET‐1. Conclusions Taken together, these results underline the major role played by TGF‐β1 in increasing VEGF secretion by fibroblasts. This, as well as the documented effect of UVA1 on increasing VEGF production, may have implications for wound healing in vivo.
Fifty Hours for the Poor
Authors: George D. Lundberg
Journal: JAMA (1987)

Doctors, lawyers, and the clergy belong to the classic learned professions, which are historically distinguished from trades and businesses. Although this distinction has blurred in modern times, one of the characteristics of a true profession remains its special relationship with the poor. Edmund Pellegrino, director of the Kennedy Institute of Ethics, states that a fundamental difference between a business and a profession is that "at some point in the professional relationship, when a difficult decision is to be made, you can depend on the one who is in a true profession to efface his own self-interest." The privilege to practice law or medicine has carried with it the obligation to serve the poor without pay. Doctors and lawyers today have tended to become overly concerned with their professional incomes and practice efficiencies, but they must not forget their higher duties. Many members of our professions have always cared for the
Colonoscopy
Authors: Michal Kaminski, Edyta Zagorowicz
Journal: Endoscopy (2014)

Several high-quality studies pertinent to colonoscopy were presented at Digestive Disease Week (DDW) 2014. The following review discusses studies that are considered to address some of the most burning questions in colonoscopy research: quality of colonoscopy and its measurement, surveillance intervals for adenomas, the treatment of diminutive adenomas, basic and advanced polypectomy techniques, and microbiome changes in relation to colonoscopy.
ABSTRACTS
Authors: Joseph Ross, Helen Bewing, N Oliver, P Joi, Sheila Callender, Conrad Maier, George Cartwright, Roger Craffs, Jean Soulier, Charles Emerson, Ramonm Sijarez, Puerto Rico, Solomon Estren, Wm Valentine, Cal Clement, A Finch, S Neukomm, S Granick, C Doan, S Mottler, A Mc&idc, J Tat, S Allender, B Mallett, G Spray, G Shaw
Journal: Blood (1949)
Prognostic Factors in Cylindroma
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Primary, Secondary Syphilis—U.S., 1981-1990
Journal: JAMA (1991)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Molecular Markers of Ionizing Radiation-Induced Gene Mutations in Mammalian Cells
Authors: Abraham W. Hsie, Ronald C. Porter, Zhidong Xu, Yonjia Yu, Juan Sun, Martin L. Meltz, Jeffrey L. Schwartz
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1996)

We have isolated independent Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell mutants at the hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (hprt) locus from untreated, 60Co y-ray-exposed, and 212Bi a-exposed cells and identified the molecular changes underlying the mutation determined by multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based exon deletion analysis.Both the parental CHO-Kl cells and the X-ray-sensitive mutant xrs-5 cells were studied.The radiosensitive xrs-5 cells are defective in DNA double-strand break rejoining ability and in V(D)J recombination, which can be complemented by Ku protein.Of the 71 spontaneous CHO-Kl hprt mutants analyzed, 78% showed no change in exon number or size, 20% showed loss of one to eight exons (partial deletion), and 3% showed loss of all nine hprt exons (total deletion).Exposure of CHO-Kl cells to 6 Gy of y rays, which reduced survival levels to 10%, produced a high deletion spectrum with 45% of the 20 mutants analyzed showing a loss of one to eight exons and 30% showing total deletion.Exposure to an equitoxic dose of cx radiation from 212Bi, a 220Rn daughter, resulted in a spectrum similar to the tray spectrum in that 75% of the 49 mutants analyzed were deletions.The cx radiation, however, tended to produce larger intragenic deletions than y radiation.Of the 92 spontaneous xrs-5 mutants analyzed for deletions, 43% showed a loss of one to eight exons and 14% showed total deletion.This suggests that, in certain regions of the hprt gene, base alterations can be converted into large deletions and alteration in the Ku protein complex can influence this type of mutational process.Exposure to ax radiation (10% survival) to xrs-5 cells resulted in a deletion spectrum similar to that seen in CHO-Kl cells.Of the 49 mutants analyzed, 43% showed no change in exon number or size, 16% showed a loss of one to eight exons, and 41 % showed total deletion.While the defect in xrs-5 cells has a profound effect on spontaneous mutant spectra, this defect does not appear to affect a-induced mutation spectra.
Correction
Journal: JAMA (1980)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Cover
Authors: Leo Manack
Journal: JAMA (1994)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Changing Patterns of Pneumoconiosis Mortality—United States, 1968-2000
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Pneumoconioses are caused by the inhalation and deposition of mineral dusts in the lungs, resulting in pulmonary fibrosis and other parenchymal changes. Many persons with early pneumoconiosis are asymptomatic, but advanced disease often is accompanied by disability and premature death. Known pneumoconioses include coal workers' pneumoconiosis (CWP), silicosis, asbestosis, mixed dust pneumoconiosis, graphitosis, and talcosis. No effective treatment for these diseases is available. This report describes the temporal patterns of pneumoconiosis mortality during 1968-2000, which indicates an overall decrease in pneumoconiosis mortality. However, asbestosis increased steadily and is now the most frequently recorded pneumoconiosis on death certificates. Increased awareness of this trend is needed among health-care providers, employers, workers, and public health agencies.
Reperfusion and revascularization strategies for coronary artery disease in women
Authors: S. B. Eysmann
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —One third of all deaths in women in the United States each year are attributable to coronary heart disease. Gender differences exist in the course and management of patients with coronary heart disease. Few randomized trials have been conducted in women to evaluate effective therapeutic strategies. With the aim of developing rational approaches to women with coronary heart disease, we review gender-related outcomes with coronary revascularization and reperfusion therapies. <h3>Data Source.</h3> —English-language journal articles and reviews on the subject of women with coronary heart disease or gender-specific responses to coronary heart disease management, from 1970 through 1992, identified through MEDLINE searching. <h3>Study Selection.</h3> —Selected studies included only randomized controlled trials for topics related to thrombolysis, and articles considered to contribute significantly to the topic of women with coronary artery disease in the case of angioplasty and coronary artery bypass grafting. <h3>Data Extraction.</h3> —Two reviewers participated in extracting the data with the aim of presenting a balanced and comprehensive review of the subject. <h3>Data Synthesis.</h3> —Thrombolysis in acute myocardial infarction reduces mortality in men and women, although women may have a reduced mortality benefit compared with men. Angioplasty and the newer interventional devices result in greater procedural morbidity but similar if not better long-term outcomes in women. Women may have a greater mortality rate than men with coronary artery bypass surgery, although studies suggest that outcome after bypass surgery may depend more on coronary size and preoperative risk factors than on gender itself. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —The existence of gender differences in the course of coronary heart disease and response to revascularization and reperfusion strategies suggests the need for unique clinical approaches to the female patient with coronary heart disease and stresses the importance of developing randomized trials that enroll adequate numbers of women and that are designed to answer gender-specific questions. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1992;268:1903-1907)
Risk of AIDS to health care workers
Authors: M. D. Decker
Journal: JAMA (1986)

Concern for the safety of health care workers arose early in the course of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) epidemic. On Nov 5, 1982, the Centers for Disease Control published detailed recommendations for the protection of clinical and laboratory workers,<sup>1</sup>based on epidemiologic analysis of the few hundred cases then reported. Indeed, the first report of AIDS in a health care worker not known to belong to a risk group did not appear for another eight months,<sup>2</sup>identification of the causative agent was a year away, and more than two years would pass before a test for antibody to the virus was commercially available. That those original recommendations remain pertinent today is testimony to the power of careful epidemiologic investigation. In this issue ofThe Journal, Lifson and colleagues<sup>3</sup>further explore the risk of AIDS among health care workers through analysis of national surveillance data. The evaluation
Voprosy Psikhologii, Moscow
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Typhoid Hepatitis
Authors: Surendra Ramachandran
Journal: JAMA (1974)

Hepatomegaly occurred in 27% of patients having enteric fever. Its incidence in typhoid fever (29%) was slightly higher than in paratyphoid fever (23.5%). Jaundice was noted in less than a third of the patients with hepatic enlargement. The pathological basis for the hepatic manifestations was a "nonspecific reactive hepatitis." Histological changes in the liver were also observed in patients without hepatic enlargement. Whereas hepatic manifestations appeared to be of no great clinical significance in the majority of cases, they were the dominant feature in a small but important group. These patients had the clinical features seen in other hepatic infections, like viral hepatitis and hepatic amebiasis. Hepatitis should be listed among the various presentations and complications which can occur in typhoid and paratyphoid fever. (<i>JAMA</i>230:236-240, 1974)
Enteric-coated aspirin overdose and gastric perforation
Authors: R J Farrand
Journal: BMJ (1975)

an alpha-blocker such as phentolamine should be the first choice in the management of hypertension complicating clonidine overdose.We should also like to take issue with the recommendation that forced frusemide diuresis is an effective means of removing clonidcine.In normal individuals given 300 ,g of clonidine either orally or intravenously we have found that 39-480/ of the dose is excreted unchanged in the urine in the first 24 hours.In addition, a variable amount of extrarenal elimination occurs.In the first case described by Dr Hunyor and his colleagues 470' of the ingested dose was excreted in the first 24 hours, and this is what we would have expected without the use of frusemide.Although we have no experimental data on the effect of frusemide on clonidine excretion, we doubt if it would alter the rate of elimination if an adequate urine flow was maintained.
Gout.
Authors: J T Scott
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1983)

Bite forces play a key role in animal ecology: they affect mating behaviour, fighting success, and the ability to mechanically process food. Although feeding habits of arthropods have an enormous ecological and economical impact, we lack fundamental knowledge on how the morphology and physiology of their bite apparatus controls bite performance and its variation with mandible gape. To address this gap, we derived a comprehensive biomechanical model that characterises the relationship between bite force and mandibular opening angle from first principles. We validate the model by comparing its geometric predictions with direct morphological measurements on CT-scans of <i>Atta cephalotes</i> leaf-cutter ant majors. We then demonstrate its deductive and inductive power with four exemplary use cases: First, we extract the physiological properties of the leaf-cutter ant mandible closer muscle from <i>in-vivo</i> bite force measurements, and so add to the few studies on force-length properties of arthropod muscle. Second, we show that leaf-cutter ants are extremely specialised for biting: they generate maximum bite forces equivalent to about 2600 times their average body weight – at least a factor of five in excess of the largest weight-specific forces reported in the literature for any animal. Third, we discuss the relative importance of morphology and physiology in determining the magnitude and variation of bite force, so providing guidance for comparative work. And last, through rational analysis of the model, we suggest a hierarchy of model simplifications and assess the performance of ‘minimum’ models which predict bite force from a reduced set of easily accessible parameters. We hope that our work will facilitate future comparative studies on the insect bite apparatus, and advance our knowledge of the behaviour, ecology and evolution of arthropods.
Procarbazine therapy for Hodgkin's disease in early pregnancy
Authors: J. H. Wells
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Procarbazine hydrochloride, an antineoplastic agent, a teratogen, and a carcinogen, was given to a patient with Hodgkin's disease during the first 5 1/2 weeks of her pregnancy, and a normal infant was delivered. Based on past experience with chemotherapeutic agents given to pregnant women with Hodgkin's disease, the authors present a program of management for the pregnant patient with Hodgkin's disease.
Tardive dyskinesia: summary of a Task Force Report of the American Psychiatric Association. By the Task Force on Late Neurological Effects of Antipsychotic Drugs
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1980)

Abnormal movements associated with the prolonged use of antipsychotic drugs (tardive dyskinesia) occur in at least 10%-20% of the patients at risk; prevalence is higher among the elderly. The casue is unknown, but increased sensitivity to dopamine in the basal ganglia may contribute to the pathophysiology. Many treatments have been evaluated; none is satisfactory. While the problem is serious, an alarmist view is unwarranted, especially since many cases are detected early and improve spontaneously. The best approach currently is to use antipsychotic drugs thoughtfully for clear indications, the best supported of which, scientifically, is chronic schizophrenia. There is a search for new agents with much less adverse neurologic effect but with adequate antipsychotic efficacy. This article summarizes an APA Task Force Report.
Errors in Author Affiliations
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2018)

Rolf D. Issels, MD, PhD; Lars H. Lindner, MD; Jaap Verweij, MD; Rüdiger Wessalowski, MD; Peter Reichardt, MD; Peter Wust, MD; Pirus Ghadjar, MD; Peter Hohenberger, MD; Martin Angele, MD; Christoph Salat, MD; Zeljko Vujaskovic, MD; Soeren Daugaard, MD; Olav Mella, MD; Ulrich Mansmann, MD; Hans Roland Dürr, MD; Thomas Knösel, MD; Sultan Abdel-Rahman, PhSc; Michael Schmidt, MD; Wolfgang Hiddemann, MD; Karl-Walter Jauch, MD; Claus Belka, MD; Alessandro Gronchi, MD; for the European Organization for the Research and Treatment of Cancer-Soft Tissue and Bone Sarcoma Group and the European Society for Hyperthermic Oncology