tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Chronic granulomatous disease in three female siblings
Authors: P. H. Azimi
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Three female siblings aged 6, 4, and 2 years with the clinical syndrome of chronic granulomatous disease had frequent hospital admissions for serious bacterial infections, including pneumonia, liver abscesses, pyoderma, keratoconjunctivitis, draining adenitis, septicemia, and anemia. All three children were immunologically competent. Liver biopsy specimens in two of the three showed "chronic granulomatous reaction." Polymorphonuclear leukocytes from the patients showed impaired bactericidal ability when incubated with<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>. Their leukocytes showed decreased ability to reduce nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) dye compared with normal cells. The X-linked mode of transmission found in males with fatal chronic granulomatous disease is unlikely in these cases even if the Lyon hypothesis is considered. An autosomal locus acting either as homozygous recessive or dominant with variable expression would explain the occurrence of this disorder in females.
IS GERMAN DOMINATION OF DRUGS AGAIN IMMINENT?
Journal: JAMA (1922)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
FDA's hands somewhat tied on hair dye-cancer link
Authors: P. Gunby
Journal: JAMA (1979)

After April 16, 1980, the following words will be added to labels of some hair dyes that are shipped across state lines: "Warning. Contains an ingredient that can penetrate your skin and has been determined to cause cancer in laboratory animals." Food and Drug Administration officials have been working for about two years to get that warning added to the labels. But that is about as far as they can go. The FDA's hands are tied because coal tar hair dyes have been exempt since 1938 from the adulteration section of food, drug, and cosmetic laws. Says Sherwin Gardner of the agency, "The FDA long has urged Congress to repeal this exemption. The agency thinks these dyes should be subject to the same safety regulations that are applied to other cosmetics." The warning requirement that goes into effect next April applies to all permanent hair dyes shipped interstate that contain
A phase II study of a 3-day schedule with topotecan and cisplatin every three weeks in patients with previously in treated small cell lung cancer and extensive disease: Final results
Authors: U. Lassen, M. Sørensen, P. B. Jensen, S. W. Langer, B. B. Jensen, N. Jeppesen, C. Rytter, A. Mellemgaard, O. Hansen, K. Østerlind
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

7207
Masthead: (Adv. Healthcare Mater. 1/2017)
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2017)

Citizenship: Wiley's Corporate Citizenship initiative seeks to address the environmental, social, economic, and ethical challenges faced in our business and which are important to our diverse stakeholder groups.Since launching the initiative, we have focused on sharing our content with those in need, enhancing community philanthropy, reducing our carbon impact, creating global guidelines and best practices for paper use, establishing a vendor code of ethics, and engaging our colleagues and other stakeholders in our efforts.
John Rock, developer of contraceptive pill, dies
Authors: T. Ziporyn
Journal: JAMA (1985)

John Rock, MD, the first scientist to perform in vitro fertilization of a human ovum in a test tube and one of the developers of the oral contraceptive, has died of a heart attack at the age of 94 years. He was a devout Roman Catholic, married in 1925 to Anna Thorndike by William Cardinal O'Connell of Boston. Rock subsequently became the father of four daughters and a son, and grandfather of 19. In the early 1920s, Rock began practicing obstetrics and gynecology in Boston and in 1924 he started the Fertility and Endocrine Clinic—one of the nation's first—at the Free Hospital for Women in Brookline, Mass. In 1944, he and Mirian F. Menkin, MD, conducted the first fertilization of a human ovum outside the body. Rock was best known for his work with Gregory Pincus, MD, and M. C. Chang, MD, in producing and clinically testing the oral contraceptive,
Glucocorticoid treatment does not improve neurological recovery following cardiac arrest. Brain Resuscitation Clinical Trial I Study Group
Authors: M. Jastremski
Journal: JAMA (1989)

Glucocorticoids are commonly given to patients with global brain ischemia, although their efficacy has not been proved. The database of the Brain Resuscitation Clinical Trial I, a multi-institutional study designed to evaluate the effect of thiopental sodium therapy on neurological outcome following brain ischemia, was used for a retrospective review of the effects of glucocorticoid treatment on neurological outcome after global brain ischemia. This study included 262 initially comatose cardiac arrest survivors who made no purposeful response to pain after restoration of spontaneous circulation. The standard treatment protocol left glucocorticoid therapy to the discretion of the hospital investigators. This resulted in four patient groups that received either no, low, medium, or high doses of glucocorticoids in the first 8 hours after arrest. Neurological outcome was scored using a modification of the Glasgow Cerebral Performance Category Scale. None of the steroid regimens statistically improved mean group survival rate or neurological recovery rate over that observed in the group that did not receive steroids. The routine clinical practice of administrating glucocorticoids after global brain ischemia may be associated with serious complications and is not justified. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1989;262:3427-3430)
Outbreak of Acute Febrile Illness Among Athletes Participating in Triathlons—Wisconsin and Illinois, 1998
Journal: JAMA (1998)

On July 14, 1998 [corrected], the Wisconsin Division of Health (WDOH) was notified by the City of Madison Health Department that three athletes were hospitalized with an acute febrile illness. The illness was characterized by fever, myalgia, and headache with illness onset on July 6, 7, and 10, respectively. One of these three athletes had acute renal failure. Two of the athletes had participated in a triathlon held in Madison, Wisconsin, on July 5 (692 registered participants) and all three had participated in a June 21 triathlon in Springfield, Illinois (961 registered participants). Eighty persons were registered for both events. Leptospirosis was suspected by WDOH staff as a likely cause of the illness and CDC was notified. Acute-phase serum specimens from two of the three hospitalized athletes obtained 4 and 8 days following onset of fever have been tested at CDC for leptospirosis using the PanBio enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) IgM screening test (PanBio, Brisbane, Australia); one specimen tested positive. This report presents preliminary findings of an ongoing investigation to identify additional cases of acute febrile illness among athletes participating in these two triathlons and to determine the cause of the illness.
Severe necrotizing soft-tissue infections. Multiple disease entities requiring a common approach
Authors: E. P. Dellinger
Journal: JAMA (1981)

The spectrum of severe soft-tissue surgical infections extends from synergistic necrotizing soft-tissue infections to histotoxic clostridial infections. These syndromes may demonstrate dramatic destruction of underlying tissue far out of proportion to the external evidence for infection, although a marked systemic response is common. The differential diagnosis hinges on the clinical presentation, the Gram's stain, and operative inspection. More important than the precise label placed on a given case is the early recognition of the urgent surgical nature of the infection. Signs indicating a rapidly spreading soft-tissue infection mandate fluid resuscitation, broad-spectrum antibiotics, and early operative exploration with aggressive debridement. These are highly lethal infections in which timely recognition and effective managment may be lifesaving. (<i>JAMA</i>1981;246:1717-1721)
The Prognostic Importance of the Electrocardiogram After Myocardial Infarction
Authors: THE CORONARY DRUG PROJECT RESEARCH GROUP
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1972)

Findings in the resting electrocardiograms of 2035 men, survivors of myocardial infarction in the placebo-treated group of the Coronary Drug Project, were related to the subsequent risk of death over a 3-year follow-up period. Ambulant postinfarct patients with a normal ECG had one third the mortality risk of those with residual ECG findings. Electrocardiographic manifestations of myocardial hypoxia, necrosis, conduction defects, and superexcitability were importantly related to the risk of dying. An ST-segment depression of the "ischemic" type was the most important independent risk predictor of all clinical and ECG findings studied. Both simple and multivariate analyses showed independent prognostic importance for classes of ST-segment depression, Q waves, ventricular conduction defects, atrial fibrillation, ventricular premature beats, and several detailed amplitude measurements, providing information additional to the clinical status. The ECG findings in infarct survivors effectively discriminate between men with vastly different risk and contribute to prediction of the probability of dying in a given period.
Penicillin and gentamicin therapy for enterococcal infections
Authors: A. J. Weinstein
Journal: JAMA (1973)

None of the currently available antibiotic regimens is completely effective for the therapy of severe enterococcal infections. Recent studies have shown that a combination of penicillin plus gentamicin produces enhanced killing against virtually all strains of enterococci in vitro. We report four cases of enterococcal endocarditis and two cases of enterococcal meningitis that were successfully treated with penicillin and gentamicin, thus confirming the in vivo effectiveness of this combination of antibiotics against enterococci.
A Holistic Approach to Environmental Health Research
Authors: William A. Suk, Beth E. Anderson
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1999)

One of the most formidable questions facing the environmental health research community today is how to translate basic fundamental research into a product (e.g., disease outcome) that meets the needs of its stakeholders--the medical community, regulatory agencies, and ultimately, the citizens of our nation. Historically, a successful research program could be defined as one that received continuous funding, produced high-quality publications, and was respected by scientists in related fields. However, it is now apparent that this is not sufficient for attaining improved public health--the ultimate goal of these research efforts. Research results must be transferred in a more active way to the communities and professionals who have need of this information. The link must be recognized, and the roles of the stakeholders in the entire research process must be acknowledged to ensure full impact of the research endeavors.
Benign Imitator
Authors: Ernest C. Levister, J. Parker Cross
Journal: JAMA (1978)

SPHENOID sinus mucocele is a rare entity; there have been less than 100 cases reported in the English literature up to 1975 since the initial description by the Swedish surgeon John Berg in 1889. It is an expanding lesion with compression of the internal carotid artery, cavernous sinus, pituitary gland, and the first six cranial nerves. We report this case to alert physicians to this impressive but benign disorder so that appropriate roentgenograms will be obtained and early otorhinolaryngologic referral made. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 35-year-old woman had a three-week history of diplopia, many years of nasal obstruction, a constant diffuse midline facial ache, and a four-week sensation of "something in my left eye." Her nasal septum was very irregular, with obstruction and bilaterial polyps. There was a left proptosis and paralysis of the lateral rectus muscle. The disks were normal. The visual acuity in the left eye was
Crime and the aged. 2. The criminals
Authors: M. Rodstein
Journal: JAMA (1975)

AGED perpetrators of crime are not of major importance in the totality of criminality and constitute only a small proportion of the total aged population. However, there are many interesting and largely unexplored aspects of criminality among the aged. These include the differences in the types of crime and the nature of punishment of crime between the aged and younger individuals, the life history of the young criminal advancing into old age, the etiology of crime appearing for the first time late in life, and the effects of social class and cultural background on the nature of crime committed by the aged. <h3>Incidence</h3> Only 5% of prisoners are more than 45 years of age. This may represent the reluctance of judges and juries to send older people to jail because of health and family reasons and the fact that old people do not usually commit the more violent types of
Medical Aspects of Open-Heart Surgery
Authors: Lee P. Rosky, Theodore Rodman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1966)

IN the ten years since a pump oxygenator was first successfully used during cardiac surgery on a human patient1 the risk involved has been reduced enormously, but complications, many of them life threatening, are still encountered very frequently. In a recent series of 131 patients who underwent heart surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass, 187 complications were seen in 107 patients.2 The early postoperative period, particularly, confronts the surgeon and cardiologist with a bewildering number of potential complications, some of which are understood and treatable, but the etiology of others is complex or obscure and their management leaves much to be desired. . . .
High ORRs Seen with Tagraxofusp-erzs in BPDCN
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2019)

Abstract Tagraxofusp-erzs is an effective therapy for blastic plasmacytoid dendritic-cell neoplasm, according to recently published results from a multistage trial that led to the drug's 2018 approval. In the trial, the drug elicited high overall response rates, and many patients went on to receive a stem-cell transplant. However, it also caused some serious side effects.
The low risk of hepatitis B in rural hospitals. Results of a seroepidemiologic survey
Authors: J. R. Harris
Journal: JAMA (1984)

To determine the risk of hepatitis B virus infection for rural hospital employees, we obtained serum and a completed questionnaire from each of 2,064 employees of 11 rural hospitals. Only 96 (4.7%) employees had hepatitis B virus markers. Increased marker prevalence was significantly associated with prior residence in a city with a population of greater than 100,000 (odds ratio, 2.9; 95% confidence interval, 1.6 to 5.2) and increasing blood contact (odds ratio, 1.6; confidence interval, 1.2 to 2.3); however, the association with blood contact was not significant when we limited analysis to the 836 employees who had never lived in a city. We conclude that the risk of hepatitis B virus infection for these rural hospital employees is low, probably because the incidence of hepatitis B in rural areas is low. (<i>JAMA</i>1984;252:3270-3272)
Restricted Activity among Older People Living in the Community
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2001)

Summaries for Patients4 September 2001Restricted Activity among Older People Living in the CommunitySearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-135-5-200109040-00003 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail What is the problem and what is known about it so far?Older people sometimes restrict their activities because of health problems. Little is known, however, about how frequently this happens or what causes it to happen, or whether decreased activity is associated with an increase in the use of health care services.Why did the researchers do this particular study?To understand better how frequently older people decrease their usual activities because of health problems, and which health problems cause this to happen.Who was studied?The study included 754 members of a large health plan in Connecticut who ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: The summary below is from the full report titled “Restricted Activity among Community-Living Older Persons: Incidence, Precipitants, and Health Care Utilization.” It is in the 4 September 2001 issue of Annals of Internal Medicine (volume 135, pages 313-321). The authors are TM Gill, MM Desai, EA Gahbauer, TR Holford, and CS Williams.Summaries for Patients are a service provided by Annals to help patients better understand the complicated and often mystifying language of modern medicine.Summaries for Patients are presented for informational purposes only. These summaries are not a substitute for advice from your own medical provider. If you have questions about this material, or need medical advice about your own health or situation, please contact your physician. The summaries may be reproduced for not-for-profit educational purposes only. Any other uses must be approved by the American College of Physicians-American Society of Internal Medicine. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoRestricted Activity among Community-Living Older Persons: Incidence, Precipitants, and Health Care Utilization Thomas M. Gill , Mayur M. Desai , Evelyne A. Gahbauer , Theodore R. Holford , and Christianna S. Williams Metrics 4 September 2001Volume 135, Issue 5Page: I-33KeywordsBreathingDisabilitiesFatigueForecastingHealth careHealth care utilizationMedical servicesRisk managementStiffnessWalking ePublished: 4 September 2001 Issue Published: 4 September 2001 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2001 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Book Listings
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2002)

Book Listings15 January 2002Book ListingsSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-136-2-200201150-00029 SectionsAboutFull Text ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Cardiology100 Questions in CardiologyD Holdright and H Montgomery, eds. 222 pages. London: BMJ; 2001. $42.00. ISBN 0727914898. Order phone 011-44-171-387-4499.ABC of Hypertension4th edition. G Beevers, GY Lip, and E O'Brien. 108 pages. London: BMJ; 2001. $25.00. ISBN 0727915223. Order phone 011-44-171-387-4499.Advances in the Treatment of Atrial Tachyarrhythmias: Pacing, Cardioversion, and DefibrillationCW Israel and S Barold, eds. 446 pages. Armonk, NY: Futura; 2002. $127.00. ISBN 0879934972. Order phone 800-877-8761.Cardiac Arrhythmias after Surgery for Congenital Heart DiseaseS Balaji, PC Gillette, and CL Case, eds. 360 pages. Boston: Arnold; 2001. $99.00. ISBN 0340762071. Order phone 800-368-5777.Cardiac Pacing and ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 January 2002Volume 136, Issue 2Page: B1 ePublished: 15 January 2002 Issue Published: 15 January 2002 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2002 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.Loading ...
Keep away from that 'tree' folks!
Authors: P. Gunby
Journal: JAMA (1980)

Two western New York boys found an unusual wildflower last summer and decided to pick it. They are not likely to forget that decision, because they have spent most of the weeks since then recovering from blisters on their hands, arms, and legs. The boys had encountered<i>Heracleum mantegazzianum</i>, a giant hogweed of the parsley family and a cousin to the cow parsnip.<i>Heracleum mantegazzianum</i>comes from Russia, but hardly with love—at least for most humans—and now is causing some of the same medical concern in New York State that it did in the coastal regions of Britain a decade ago. The weed is a giant, ranging from 3 to more than 4.5 m in height with leaves 1 m in length. Its presence has been documented in 12 central and western New York counties so far this year. Fall and winter weather have halted its spread for now, but
Hypomethylation of DNA: A Possible Nongenotoxic Mechanism Underlying the Role of Cell Proliferation in Carcinogenesis
Authors: Jay I. Goodman, Jennifer L. Counts
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1993)

DNA methylation (i.e., the 5-methylcytosin content of DNA) plays a role in the regulation of gene activity.There is a persuasive body of evidence indicating that differential methylation of DNA (i.e., 5-methylcytosine versus cytosine) is a determinant of chromatin structure and that the methyl group provides a chemical signal that is recognized by trans-acting factors that reg- ulate transcription.Hypomethylation (i.e., low levels of DNA 5-methylcytosine) of a gene is nec- essary but not sufficient for its expression, and, therefore, a hypomethylated gene can be con- sidered to possess an increased potential for expression as compared to a hypermethylated gene.Cell proliferation is a fundamental component of carcinogenesis.It plays a key role in expanding clones of initiated cells and, in addition, cell replication may contribute to carcino- genesis by facilitating mutagenesis.This can occur either by causing the fixation of promuta- genic DNA-damage before repair or as a consequence of a "normal" error occurring during DNA replication.During periods of cell proliferation the established pattern of DNA methylation is maintained by the action of a maintenance methylase following DNA replication.Changes in the methylation status of a gene provide a mechanism by which its potential for expression can be altered in an epigenetic heritable manner, and it is expected that modifications in DNA methylation would result from threshold-exhibiting events.
HIV in Prison: A Counseling Opportunity
Authors: Arthur M. Brewer
Journal: JAMA (1991)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Vlahov et al<sup>1</sup>recently found higher human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) seroprevalence among female than male inmates in nine of 10 US correctional facilities surveyed. Seroprevalence among younger women (&lt;26 years) was higher than among younger men but similar to that in both older women and older men. In their blinded study, Vlahov et al were unable to evaluate the extent to which female inmates were more likely to be intravenous drug users and to have acquired HIV-1 infection through parenteral transmission. We reviewed the results of an anonymous 1987 survey of 3037 inmates in the Cook County (Illinois) Department of Corrections in order to determine if female inmates were more likely than male inmates to have a history of injectable drug use. In stratified analyses adjusted for differences in race-ethnicity and age, female inmates were almost twice as likely as male inmates to report