tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Dose of non-heat-treated factor VIII concentrate and HIV-1 RNA levels
Authors: J. B. Montoro
Journal: JAMA (1997)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —Dr Montoro and colleagues recategorized our data and used a test for linear trend instead of the more conservative overall Mantel-Haenszel ϰ<sup>2</sup>test that we used. They point out that subjects who received lower annual doses of non-heat-treated factor VIII concentrate (between 1978 and 1984) had somewhat higher HIV-1 RNA levels. An association between lower factor VIII dose and higher HIV-1 RNA levels would be consistent with a recent report by Montoro et al that lower factor-concentrate dose was associated with faster progression to AIDS in 225 HIV-1-infected Spanish hemophiliac patients.<sup>1</sup>Therefore, we examined the relationship between factor VIII dose, HIV-1 RNA levels, and time to development of AIDS in our study, the Multicenter Hemophilia Cohort Study (MHCS). Although only a small subset of MHCS subjects were tested for HIV-1 RNA, data on factor VIII dose and clinical outcome were available for 1094 HIV-1-infected adults and children. As
Recent Advances in Investigations of Toxicity of Automotive Exhaust
Authors: Maurice Stupfel
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1976)

The influence of auto exhaust on man's health is difficult to gauge considering the intricacy of human environmental urban stresses and particularly of other air polluting (industrial, domestic) emissions. Epidemiological surveys made in road tunnel employees and in traffic officers have not demonstrated specific effects and have often been complicated by cigarette smoking as a factor. Long-term animal experiments run mostly on small rodents give evidence of little effect of the pathological actions of dilutions such as those encountered in high polluted cities. However the acute toxicity of gasoline exhaust emission is well known and mostly due to carbon monoxide. Considering the different types of cycles and operating conditions of vehicles (gasoline and diesel), auto exhaust gases constitute no more a chemical entity than they show, a definite toxicity. A great number of substances that they contain (nitrogen oxides, aldehydes, antiknock additives, heavy metals, possible catalysts are highly toxic as shown by in vivo and in vitro (mutagenic) tests. Interactions of the components are for the moment ignored or poorly understood. Besides, the evolution of the physicochemical properties and natures of the auto exhaust emission in the gaseous biotope of man under determined conditions of ultraviolet irradiation, temperature, and hygrometry provoke the formation of secondary products such as oxidants and ozone. Several experiments show clearly that irradiation increases the toxicity of auto exhaust significantly. For these reasons, geographical, meteorological, and chronological (circadian and seasonal) factors should be taken into consideration, especially with regard to emission standards.
Dissecting aneurysm of the aorta in Turner's syndrome
Authors: R. M. Jeresaty
Journal: JAMA (1972)

Ascending aorta dissection occurred in a 54-year-old patient with XO Turner's symdrome and "pseudocoarctation." This is the fourth reported case of dissection in Turner's syndrome. As in two of the three previously reported cases, the dissection was painless in our patient. Fibromuscular hyperplasia of the renal arteries and left anterior hemiblock were demonstrated in our patient. Ours is the only patient with dissection in Turner's syndrome to have survived on a medical antihypertensive regimen, to our knowledge.
“Pioglitazone attenuates endotoxin-induced acute lung injury by reducing neutrophil recruitment.” Jochen Grommes, Mathias Mörgelin and Oliver Soehnlein. Eur Respir J 2012; 40: 416–423
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2020)

of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine have been alerted to the triplicate use of identical scanning electron microscopy images in figure 1c (top right panel) in the AJRCCM article entitled "Disruption of platelet-derived chemokine heteromers prevents neutrophil extravasation in acute lung injury" [1], figure 2b in the ERJ article entitled "Pioglitazone attenuates endotoxin-induced acute lung injury by reducing neutrophil recruitment" [2] and figure 2a (top right panel) in the PLoS ONE article "Simvastatin reduces endotoxin-induced acute lung injury by decreasing neutrophil recruitment and radical formation" [3].In addition, figure 2d in the ERJ article [2] also appears as figure 2a (middle right panel) in the PLoS ONE article [3].
Studies of the Mechanism of Postgastrectomy Steatorrhea.
Authors: C. W. Wirts
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1962)

s1 April 1962Studies of the Mechanism of Postgastrectomy Steatorrhea.C. W. Wirts, M.D., F.A.C.P., F. Goldstein, M.D. (Assoc.)C. W. Wirts, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, F. Goldstein, M.D. (Assoc.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-56-4-681_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptPrevious studies by the authors and others have suggested an analogy between postgastrectomy steatorrhea and the malabsorption associated with the blind loop syndrome. In 40 postgastrectomy patients studied to date, the authors found a statistically significant correlation between the bacterial counts in aspirated afferent loop fluid and the fecal excretion of fat and labeled triolein. The administration to patients with postgastrectomy steatorrhea of antibiotics selected on the basis of established sensitivities of bacteria that have been cultured led to temporary improvement in fat absorption, weight gain, and return of afferent loop bacterial flora to control levels. Surgical correction of faultily... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Philadelphia, Pa. (CI) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 April 1962Volume 56, Issue 4Page: 681-681KeywordsAntibioticsBacteriaBacterial culturesExcretionFatsPostgastrectomyWeight gain Issue Published: 1 April 1962 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Harefuah, Tel-Aviv
Journal: JAMA (1970)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Blood transketolase activity in beriberi heart disease. A useful diagnostic index
Authors: M. Akbarian
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Beriberi heart disease, a cardiac disorder due to a deficiency of thiamine, is relatively rare, and its diagnosis is commonly missed. The estimation of blood transketolase activity, a simple, sensitive, and specific assay which can detect significant thiamine deficiency, has been useful in establishing a diagnosis of beriberi heart disease. An acute form of high-output cardiac decompensation developed in five chronic alcoholic, inadequately nourished patients. In each case, blood transketolase determinations prior to therapy showed clear evidence of moderately severe thiamine deficiency. The enzyme assay is useful as a diagnostic tool in heart disease and a variety of nutritional disorder.
Upper GI/basic
Authors: J Uil, R Van Elburg2, F Van Overbeek2, C Mulder1, H Heymans, T Valdimarsson, L Franz6n, E Grodzinsky, T Skogh, F Esteva, P Jimenez, E Piazuelo, M Garcia, A Sen
Journal: Gut (1994)

In 1986 finnish authors described teeth enamel lesions in celiac patients.Al- terations are classified in 4 levels, from change of colour to complete enamel destruction.We studied 24 celiac patients: 8 had always followed strict gluten free diet since diagnosis within 24 months of age, 12 followed a 4-12 months provocation gluten diet in pre-teen age, and were since then on strict gluten free diet, 4 were on liberal diet.Age varied from 13 to 18.All received accurate teeth cleaning and drying before examination at in- cident light.AGA and AEM were dosed in all patients.Results: Patients following strict gluten free diet presented no lesions of enamel and normal AGA and AEM values.Of the 16 patients which had fol- lowed for a period diet including gluten, only 5 presented significative lesions (20-30 Aine degree).Only patients following a gluten diet presented pathological values of AEM and AGA antibodies.From our preliminary studies, to be confirmed by investigation on larger number of patients, it seems that teeth enamel lesions on patients not strictly on a gluten free diet are rather less frequent than described by the finnish authors, and not useful as a screening test for celiac disease, as proposed.
Klinicheskaia Meditsina, Moscow
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Platelet-activating factor augments lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide formation by rat Kupffer cells
Authors: S Mustafa
Journal: Hepatology (1996)

Acute endotoxic shock is accompanied by an increase in the production of nitric oxide (NO) by several different hepatic cell types. Platelet-activating factor (PAF) is a potent proinflammatory mediator with many pathophysiological actions and, in fact, elevated plasma and tissue levels of PAF are observed in animal models of endotoxic shock. The current study demonstrates that PAF induced nitrite formation, the end product of nitric oxide synthesis, by Kupffer cells in a dose- and time- dependent manner. Moreover, PAF was seen to initiate NO synthase gene expression and protein synthesis. PAF augmented lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase messenger RNA (mRNA), protein, nitrite and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) levels in Kupffer cells. Treatment of Kupffer cells with actinomycin D or cycloheximide inhibited PAF- and LPS-stimulated nitrite and nitric oxide synthase protein formation confirming that de novo synthesis of the enzyme occurred. In Kupffer cells, the presence of an arginine analog, NG-methyl-L-arginine, attenuated nitrite formation induced by PAF and LPS alone or in combination. L-arginine is the principal substrate for nitric oxide synthase. PAF and LPS individually and in combination induced a time-dependent uptake of L-[3H]-arginine into the Kupffer cell, and this response was sensitive to cycloheximide. The current study indicates that exogenous PAF contributes to the induction of nitric oxide synthase by LPS in cultured rat Kupffer cells.
Reply:
Authors: William M. Lee
Journal: Hepatology (2008)

(1) The American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD) policy statement that 10% of cases of acetaminophen-related acute liver failure (ALF) occur in patients taking the manufacturer's recommended dose of the drug is based on a reported range from 7% (from the Acute Liver Failure Study Group's review of 275 carefully adjudicated cases)1 to 29% (as recently reported in a study from France).2 Accurate data are difficult to obtain because of poor recollection or altered mental status in patients who are hospitalized with ALF, but the evidence is clear that at least 7% of cases of acetaminophen-related ALF in the United States follows ingestion of therapeutic doses of the drug. Taking into account both studies, I conservatively estimated the overall incidence of low-dose acetaminophen-related ALF at 10%. (2) The AASLD policy statement proposed that products containing acetaminophen be required to have a warning label, stating that the drug can cause "severe or even fatal liver injury" and that the chances may be higher in patients ingesting certain other drugs. Among the list of high-risk agents was warfarin, based on data from a recent randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in which patients on stable warfarin doses for >1 month who were given 4 g of acetaminophen daily for 14 days experienced a significant rise in International Normalized Ratio (INR = 3.45 for acetaminophen versus 2.66 for placebo at 14 days).3 Because this complication does not technically fall under the category of liver injury or liver failure, AASLD will revisit its decision to include warfarin among the list of agents that can potentiate acetaminophen-induced liver injury. Instead, a separate warning criterion will be proposed to indicate that acetaminophen can increase the likelihood of an adverse event (bleeding) in patients taking warfarin. (3) I stand by the statement that "most hepatologists might dispute" advertising touting acetaminophen as the safest over-the-counter analgesic. Each month the Acute Liver Failure Study Group identifies 4-6 patients with acetaminophen-related ALF, 30% of whom die. For each one of these cases, we typically discuss on our conference call two other "near misses," patients admitted with severe acetaminophen-induced liver injury and coagulopathy who do not become encephalopathic. Fortunately, most of these latter patients recover, but they still undergo a near-fatal experience and represent a huge burden to the health care system. That amounts to 150 or more cases of severe acetaminophen hepatotoxicity each year from our own practices—hard to ignore! In summary, Drs. Kuffner and Baggish raise questions around the edges of the problem, while missing the larger issue: "What can we do, together, to stop the large number of needless acetaminophen deaths that occur annually?" William M. Lee M.D.*, * Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX.
Bullied children are more anxious than their peers
Journal: BMJ (1998)

No clustering of anophthalmia occurs in England, but prevalence is higher in rural areas On p 905 Dolk et al describe a study set up to answer public concern after media allegations that clusters of babies were born with anophthalmia and microphthalmia in England and a link with pesticide exposure postulated.The results suggest little localised geographical clustering in babies born in 1988-94.However, the condition is more prevalent in rural areas and this observation requires confirmation and investigation.
Reactions to current influenza vaccine.
Journal: BMJ (1976)

experienced" GPs turned, with each "modu- lation" of the Nuffield "circus," into an exercise in educational methods-fishbowls, role-play, self-assessment, peer assessment, interminable MCQs, MEQs, etc, etc.Each session became an educational exercise in itself-"it's not what you teach-it's the way that you teach it."Surely, training's missed the point if it's not primarily aimed at consumer satisfaction.Not enough is written of what the trainee has learnt or wants to learn and far too much of educational principles, objective evaluation, etc.Methinks, Nuffield supporters, you protest too much.
Abstract 376: Acute Modulation of Sodium Channel Auxiliary Subunit β1-mediated Adhesion: a Novel Antiarrhythmic Strategy
Authors: Rengasayee Veeraraghavan, Gregory S Hoeker, Anita A Laviada, Xiaoping Wan, Isabelle Deschenes, James Smyth, Julia Gorelik, Steven Poelzing, Robert G Gourdie
Journal: Circulation Research (2017)

Cardiac impulse propagation is thought to occur by direct cell to cell flow of current via connexin43 (Cx43) gap junctions (GJs). We recently demonstrated that cardiac sodium channels (Na v 1.5) localized within the perinexus, an intercalated disk (ID) nanodomain adjacent to Cx43 GJ, may enable ephaptic coupling between cardiac myocytes. We hypothesized that β1-mediated adhesion may closely approximate membranes within ID nanodomains, facilitating ephaptic coupling. Super-resolution STochastic Optical Reconstruction Microscopy-based Relative Localization Analysis (STORM-RLA) and immuno-electron microscopy identified two Na V 1.5 populations within the ID in guinea pig ventricles (GPVs): A perinexal population, accounting for 47% of ID-localized Na V 1.5 and a plicate population, co-distributing with N-Cadherin, accounting for 29%. β1 was preferentially localized to the perinexus (48% of ID-localized β1) over N-Cadherin-rich plicate regions (8%). βadp1, a novel peptide inhibitor of β1 adhesion, selectively and dose-dependently inhibited barrier function in β1-overexpressing 1610 cells in electric cell-substrate impedance spectroscopy studies. Neither βadp1 nor a scrambled control peptide (βadp1-scr) affected I Na or action potentials in isolated GPV myocytes. However, βadp1 reduced peak current recorded from Na V 1.5 clusters adjacent Cx43-EGFP at cell-cell contacts using scanning ion conductance microscopy-guided patch clamp. In GPVs, βadp1 (100 μM) compromised the diffusion-resistance of the ID as assessed by perfusion of fixable fluorescent dyes. βadp1 (48±4 μm) but not βadp1-scr (22±1 μm) increased perinexal intermembrane spacing compared to control GPVs (17±1μm). Optical mapping revealed that βadp1 but not βadp1-scr slowed conduction in GPVs and iPSC-derived cardiomyocyte monolayers. Importantly, in GPVs, βadp1 increased conduction anisotropy and precipitated spontaneous tachyarrhythmias in a dose-dependent manner. Thus, β1-mediated adhesion generates close apposition between Na V 1.5-rich perinexal membranes, facilitating ephaptic conduction in the heart. Importantly, β1-mediated adhesion may be a target for novel, mechanistically-driven antiarrhythmic therapy.
Appropriate placement of the chronically ill and aged. A successful approach by evaluation
Authors: T. F. Williams
Journal: JAMA (1973)

A thorough medical, nursing, and social evaluation is essential for the appropriate placement of chronically ill and aging persons for whom institutional care, usually a nursing home, is being considered. Experience with 332 patients is described, all referred for consideration for placement in nursing homes. As a result of this comprehensive evaluation, 22% were enabled to remain at home, and only 35% were found to need nursing homes. Despite chronic illness, half of the patients did not have a regular physician, and more than half required further medical study or treatment before a long-term decision could be made. By independent follow-up assessment, 84% of these 332 patients were appropriately placed for their needs—an improvement of more than 20% over the degree of appropriateness of long-term care found in this community in other studies.
Monthly Immunization Table
Journal: JAMA (1995)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
European Immunization Week 2015: 10th anniversary
Authors: None Eurosurveillance editorial team
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2015)

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THE ACTION OF SALINE PURGATIVES AND DIURETICS.
Journal: JAMA (1904)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal