tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Senile Cataract: Methods of Operating
Journal: JAMA (1934)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
TMIC-34. IN VITRO STUDY OF ROLE OF ASTROCYTIC S1P3 IN REGULATING BLOOD-BRAIN/TUMOR BARRIER PERMEABILITY
Authors: Anurag N Paranjape, Brunilde Gril, Stephan Woditschka, Jeffrey Hanson, Xiaolin Wu, Gary T Pauly, Joel P Schneider, Patricia Steeg
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2017)

Incidence of breast cancer brain metastasis is increasing. Prognosis of patients with brain metastases is extremely poor. One of the major impediments in treating brain metastases is the presence of a blood-brain/tumor barrier that limits the permeability of chemotherapeutic drugs into the brain parenchyma. Blood-tumor barrier (BTB) has been shown to be heterogenous, and only at highly permeable lesions do drugs reach the tumor cells. To explore the molecular differences between highly and poorly permeable BTBs, gene profiling was done on laser microdissected brain tissues from mice bearing breast cancer brain metastases. Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 3 (S1P3) was overexpressed in astrocytes at highly permeable lesions. To explore the functional role of S1P3 in BTB permeability we established an in vitro blood brain/tumor model. Inhibition of S1P3 using a specific chemical inhibitor TY-52156 (2µM) significantly increased barrier integrity as shown by increase in transendothelial electrical resistance (TEER) in BBB (1.3 folds, p<0.05) and BTB (1.45 folds, p<0.001). Additionally, there was a significant decrease in permeability for doxorubicin in BBB (1.78 folds, p<0.01) and BTB (2.1 folds, p<0.01), with concomitant increase in membranous ZO-1 and VE-cadherin. Increase in TEER was dependent on astrocytes. Similar results were observed when S1P3 was stably knocked-down in astrocytes. As astrocytes were grown away from the endothelial monolayer, we hypothesized that astrocyte-secreted molecules regulated barrier integrity. Analysis of supernatant from astrocytes revealed that various cytokines including IL-6, IL-8, CCL2, CXCL1, and GM-CSF were downmodulated upon S1P3 knockdown. Inhibition of IL-6 and CCL2 individually using neutralizing antibodies recapitulated the effects of S1P3 inhibition. This study provides a proof of concept for role of S1P3 and downstream cytokine signaling in regulating BTB permeability in breast cancer brain metastases which might lead to discovery of novel strategies for augmenting drug efficacy.
84th annual report on medical education in the United States. Executive summary
Authors: A. E. Crowley
Journal: JAMA (1984)

This EDUCATION ISSUE of<i>JAMA</i>is the 84th Annual Report on Medical Education in the United States. The first such report was published in the Sept 21, 1901, issue ofThe Journal. The current EDUCATION ISSUE provides information on educational programs leading to the MD degree, the financial operation of medical schools, residency training programs, educational programs for physicians in medical practice, programs for the training of allied health care professionals, and government-sponsored medical educational programs. <h3>Items of Special Interest</h3> Section I is a review of events and issues that have or will have an impact on US medical education. The purpose of Section I is to call attention to some of the current issues in medical education and the efforts of medical educators to improve and maintain the quality of American medical education. Concern about the financing of medical education programs has been accentuated by several factors. Both federal
Le Cœur et L'Aorte. Études de Radiologie Clinique.
Journal: JAMA (1920)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
José Rizal
Authors: R. L. Van Citters
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1958)

THE name José Rizal occupies a unique but secure place in Philippine history. In the sixty years since his death he has become the national hero; all manner of legends have grown up around him, a province has been named after him, and the anniversary of his death has become a national festival.He could scarcely have dreamed of such fame. Unlike most Filipinos of his time, he was not an insurgent. He was not, and could never have been, an advocate of violence. An ardent but enlightened patriot, he held himself aloof from the revolutionary movement gathering strength during . . .
Correction: Cellular cytotoxicity is a form of immunogenic cell death
Authors: Ignacio I Wistuba, Michael T Tetzlaff, Carlo B Bifulco, Katharina von Loga, Sacha Gnjatic, Scott J Rodig, Keith E Steele, Marlon C Rebelatto, Ana Lako, Guray Akturk, Michael Angelo, Shirley Greenbaum, Noah F Greenwald, Cyrus V Hedvat, Travis J Hollmann, Jonathan Juco, Jaime Rodriguez-Canales, Kurt A Schalper, Edward C Stack, Cláudia S Ferreira, Konstanty Korski, Emanuel Schenck, Michael J Surace
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2020)
Variable gene expression within human tyrosinemia type 1 liver may reflect region-specific dysplasia
Authors: B Haber
Journal: Hepatology (1996)

Patients with hereditary tyrosinemia type 1 have a deficiency of fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase (FAH) and develop progressive hepatocellular dysfunction with a high risk of malignant transformation. Serum alpha-fetoprotein levels are frequently elevated in these patients; therefore, this commonly used marker of tumorigenesis is inadequate. To date, no literature exists describing the hepatic gene alterations in patients with this disease. We analyzed the expression of a panel of proliferation associated and liver-specific genes in the liver of a 33 month-old girl at the time of orthotopic liver transplantation. This study provides information that may be useful in developing markers for malignancy and understanding the pathogenesis of this disease. Gene expression patterns of two regenerating nodules and total liver from the patient with FAH deficiency were compared with control donor liver. Liver-specific and growth-induced genes with altered expression in the tyrosinemic liver included several functional classes: structural proteins (actin, thrombospondin), transcription factors (c-fos, egr-1, C/EBPalpha), liver-specific enzymes glucose-6-phosphatase [G6Phase], and secreted factors insulin-like growth factor binding protein 1 [GFBP-1]. Isolated macronodules demonstrated varied patterns of expression, suggesting that they do not form a homogeneous cellular environment. In the tyrosinemic liver, IGFBP-1 messenger RNA expression was high and G6Phase messenger RNA was not detectable. Although G6Phase and IGFBP-1 are coexpressed in regenerating liver, immunohistochemistry in the tyrosinemic liver demonstrated a mutually exclusive distribution for the two proteins in a tissue section with features of dysplasia. We propose that cells in these areas may have an aberrant transcription factor and growth factor "milieu" that leads to altered gene and protein expression. These molecular alterations are reflected in dysplastic histologic changes and may ultimately predispose to the development of malignancy.
Le genou: Anatomie chirurgicale et radiographique chirurgie opératoire.
Journal: JAMA (1933)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Fifth pathway in New Jersey. House officer preparatory course for US foreign medical graduates
Authors: W. E. McGrough
Journal: JAMA (1975)

The Fifth Channel in New Jersey is a Fifth Pathway program for US foreign medical graduates. In its third year, 83% of its 81 graduates are house officers at 18 US medical school-affiliated hospitals. Performance as house officers is characterized as competitive with peers, including US graduates. Positive attitudes toward work load, fellow workers, and patients compared with those of fellow house staff are noted. Quality of performance as house officers correlates most strongly with the change in mean scores of two batteries of clinical National Board examinations taken during the Fifth Pathway and less strongly with mean scores of single batteries of National Boards, intelligence quotient, Educational Council for Foreign Medical Graduates (ECFMG) examination, and age. Recommendations concerning the implementing of similar programs in other states are presented. (<i>JAMA</i>232:1031-1033, 1975)
New Medications Aid Cognition in Schizophrenia
Authors: L. Lamberg
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
CHAIRMAN'S ADDRESS.
Authors: WM. E. QUINE
Journal: JAMA (1896)

<h3>THE REMEDIAL APPLICATION OF BONE MARROW.</h3> For the original mention of bone marrow as a possible remedy we are indebted to Brown-Séquard and d'Arsonval who, in 1891, suggested its use in the treatment of leukemia and other diseases believed to be characterized by defective hemogenesis. A year and a half later Fillean reported its successful employment in the form of an extract, in the treatment of the anemia of debility and of tuberculosis; and Macalister recorded a favorable result of its use in one case of lymphadenoma. (<i>British Med. Jour.</i>, June, 1893.) It was left for T. R. Fraser, of Edinburgh, however, to press the new remedy forcibly upon the attention of the medical world and this he did in a report of its curative effect in a case of progressive pernicious anemia. (<i>British Med. Jour.</i>, April 7, 1894.) The clinical phenomena described were those of extreme anemia and the
Front &amp; Back Matter
Authors: M.G. Carta, F. Sancassiani, V. Pippia, Krishna M. Bhat, C. Sardu, Angelo Compare, Simona Calugi, Giulio Marchesini, Christopher Baethge, Oliver P. Assall, Ross J. Baldessarini, Jasper B. Zantvoord, Julia Diehle, Ramón J.L. Lindauer, P.M.G. Emmelkamp, Mark Zimmerman, L. Meloni, Fiammetta Cosci, Andrea Spoto, Gioia Bottesi, Ezio Sanavio, Giulio Vidotto, Emanuela Offidani, Giovanni A. Fava, Elena Tomba, Bo Netterstrøm, Lene Friebel, Yun Ladegaard, Eliana Tossani, Maria Grazia Ricci Garotti, Enrico Molinari, Riccardo Dalle Grave, Per Bech, Ellen Margrethe Christensen, Maj Vinberg, Søren Dinesen Østergaard, Klaus Martiny, Lars Vedel Kessing, K. Meyerbroeker, James F. Leckman, Ross J. Baldessarini, N. Morina, G.A. Kerkhof, Ramin Mojtabai, Satz Mengensatzproduktion, Druck Reinhardt Druck Basel, Druck Reinhardt Druck Basel
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2013)
光动力疗法治疗基底细胞癌
Authors: N.J. Collier, A.K. Haylett, T.H. Wong, C.A. Morton, S.H. Ibbotson, K.E. McKenna, R. Mallipeddi, H. Moseley, D. Seukeran, K.A. Ward, M.F. Mohd Mustapa, L.S. Exton, A.C. Green, L.E. Rhodes
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2018)

这是迄今为止最大的系统性综述,将基底细胞癌 (BCC) 治疗中的光动力疗法 (PDT) 与替代疗法进行了比较。PDT 是一种针对低风险的 BCC 的既定治疗方案。PDT 包括在皮肤上涂上一层乳膏,然后放置 3 个小时。然后一盏红灯在上面照射;这通常会导致几分钟的疼痛,但很少有其他副作用。至少需要两个疗程。在我们的研究中,我们只使用了高质量研究(随机对照试验)的证据,并且只观察了包括治疗低风险 BCC 类型(浅表和结节型)的研究。搜索了主要的医学数据库,以寻找所有合适的研究。使用之前商定的标准,对比了不同疗法的好处。比较了不同时间的治疗的频率(有效性)、治疗后部位的外观(美容效果)以及包括疼痛在内的副作用之间的差异。咪喹莫特和氟尿嘧啶乳膏在 4‐6 周的时间内定期应用于 BCC。这种乳膏造成的不适会随着时间的推移而增加。PDT 产生的峰值疼痛高于咪喹莫特和氟尿嘧啶,但咪喹莫特和 PDT 的联合不适表现相似。氟尿嘧啶和 PDT 之间的治愈率是相似的,但使用咪喹莫特的治愈率比一次使用 PDT 的治愈率要高。两种乳膏的美容效果都与 PDT 相似。冷冻手术(用液氮冷冻)是一种方便快捷的治疗方法。治愈率与 PDT 相似,但美容效果较差。手术切除(即切除肿瘤,缝合皮肤)显示出最高的治愈率。PDT 治疗后的美容效果与其他疗法相同或更好。我们的研究表明, PDT 是一种有效的低风险 BCC 治疗方法,具有良好的美容效果和安全性。
Correction: Non-fundholding a positive choice
Authors: David Cole
Journal: BMJ (1993)

between patient and doctor, facilitating diagnosis and management, but in hospital it is neglected.In Bath we are setting up video facilities in outpatient clinics to assess, analyse, and, hopefully, improve our techniques.Two weeks' introduction covering all aspects of practice work is not considered unusual for a trainee in general practice.Neither was the protected three hours a week of tutorials, lunchtime lectures, and a day release course and the encouragement to attend outside courses.There was a half day off a week.Learning was centred on the trainee and not arbitrary, responding to the needs of the student.This sort of arrangement, which is structured but in which the student is not spoon fed, puts many hospital specialties to shame; The Royal College of General Practitioners is beginning to put pressure on those hospital posts incorporated into vocational training schemes to offer similar educa- tional programmes.Hopefully, this will filter through to the less privileged members of other institutions.All too often in hospital the reality is of a world that struggles to find adequate time for study, where there is little structured training and no half days to relieve the pressure.Morale is low among juniors; I wonder why.Just as general practitioners spend a proportion of their time training in hospitals so hospital practice can learn from primary care.I join with Cubitt in recommending that all hospital practitioners, trained or in training, should try to spend some time in general practice.
SANITARY TRIVIALITIES.
Journal: JAMA (1897)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Structured method of critical appraisal is better than unstructured method
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Violations of code of marketing breast milk substitutes are commonThe international code of marketing of substitutes for breast milk was adopted by the World Health Assembly in 1981 to encourage mothers to breast feed and to ensure that women make informed choices when deciding how to feed their babies.On p 1117 Taylor reports the results of a study investigating violations of the code in four countries.Despite their stated support for the code, manufacturers of breast milk substitutes continue to provide free samples of substitutes, bottles, and teats to health professionals.Health facilities play an important part in distributing these samples to pregnant women and mothers of infants.There is an urgent need for implementation and monitoring of the code nationally; the study protocol used to investigate these issues could be applied easily to other countries.
Decisions near the end of life. Council on Ethical and Judicial Affairs, American Medical Association
Authors: Richard J. McMurray, Oscar W. Clarke, John A. Barrasso, Dexanne B. Clohan, Charles H. Epps, John Glasson, Robert McQuillan, Charles W. Plows, Michael A. Puzak, David Orentlicher, Kristen A. Halkola, Anita K. Schweickart
Journal: JAMA (1992)

OVER the last 50 years, people have become increasingly concerned that the dying process is too often needlessly protracted by medical technology and is consequently marked by incapacitation, intolerable pain, and indignity. In one public opinion poll, 68% of respondents believed that "people dying of an incurable painful disease should be allowed to end their lives before the disease runs its course."<sup>1</sup>A number of comparable surveys indicate similar public sentiment.<sup>2</sup> Since the turn of the century, there has been a dramatic shift in the places where people die. Sixty years ago, the vast majority of deaths occurred at home. Now most people die in hospitals or long-term care facilities. Approximately 75% of all deaths in 1987 occurred in hospitals and long-term care institutions,<sup>3</sup>up from 50% in 1949,61% in 1958, and 70% in 1977.<sup>4</sup>This transition from the privacy of the home to medical institutions
Final STEPP results of prophylacatic versus reactive skin toxicity (ST) treatment (tx) for panitumumab (pmab)-related ST in patients (pts) with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC)
Authors: E. P. Mitchell, M. Lacouture, H. Shearer, N. Iannotti, B. Piperdi, M. Pillai, F. Xu, M. Yassine
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

CRA4027 Background: Pmab, a fully human monoclonal antibody targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), is approved as monotherapy in the US for mCRC following disease progression (PD) and in the EU and Canada for tumors bearing wild-type (WT) KRAS. The most common toxicity with anti-EGFR inhibitors are ST. This study of pmab+ chemotherapy (CT) estimates the difference in the incidence of specific ≥ grade 2 ST of interest between pts receiving prophylactic (P) or reactive (R) skin tx. Methods: Pts had unresectable mCRC after PD with 1st-line fluoropyrimidine and oxaliplatin-based CT ± bevacizumab. Pts received either pmab 6.0mg/kg/FOLFIRI Q2W or pmab 9 mg/kg/irinotecan Q3W. Within each stratum, pts were randomized 1:1 to either P ST tx 24 hrs before the 1st dose daily for 6 wks or R ST tx after ST occurred. Tx for ST included: moisturizers, sunscreen, topical steroid, and doxycycline. Efficacy and safety were evaluated by P vs R tx groups, KRAS status (mutant [MT] vs WT), and chemotherapy status. Responses were assessed using modified RECIST with confirmation. Quality of life was assessed using the Dermatology Life Quality Index at screening, wks 2–7, and follow-up. Results: 95 pts were enrolled and randomized: 48 pts to P and 47 pts to R. During the 6 wk ST tx period, 29% of pts in the P group vs 62% of pts in the R group had protocol-specified ≥grade 2 ST. Of the 87 KRAS evaluable pts, 49 (56%) pts had WT KRAS and 38 (44%) pts had MT KRAS. Efficacy and safety are shown. Mean (SD) change in DLQI from baseline was 1.3 (2.6) for P and 4.2 (5.8) for R at wk 3 (when the median time to 1st ≥grade 2 ST was reached in the R group) and was 2.0 (2.8) for P and 2.6 (4.4) for R at wk 7. Conclusions: Prophylactic use of the skin tx regimen resulted in &gt;50% reduction in the rate of specific ≥ grade 2 STs and improved QOL during the 6-week skin tx period vs R use. Numerical differences in favor of the P group were observed for all endpoints. [Table: see text] [Table: see text]