tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Asthma publications.
Authors: C F Stanford
Journal: Thorax (1995)

Effect of N-acetyl cysteine on thiol levelsWe read with interest the article by Dr Bridgeman and colleagues on the effect of oral N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) on thiol levels in epithelial lining fluid (ELF) and lung tissue (July 1994;49:670-5).Their suggestion that NAC may not be the drug of choice to en- hance the glutathione antioxidant potential of the lungs in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is not supported by their data, since levels of cysteine or glutathione in ELF, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid, or lung tissue were not measured in these patients.In addition, they did not perform functional measurements.Several studies have investigated the anti- oxidative capacity of NAC, 600 mg daily.In healthy smokers significant decreases in levels of lactoferrin, ECP, and chemotactic activity of neutrophils in BAL fluid, and of myeloperoxidase and elastase levels in serum, were found.12Treatment with NAC, 200 mg twice or three times daily for more than one year, was associated with a decrease in the number of bacteria, especially in patients with COPD.3The design of some of these studies precludes firm conclusions, but they at least suggest that conventional doses of NAC may influence the antioxidative capacity of the lung.This is of special relevance in those patients with a significantly disturbed pulmonary oxidative/antioxidative balance, such as patients with COPD and smokers.Indeed, Lundback et al recently showed that two years of treatment with NAC, 600mg daily, re- duced the annual decline in FEV, compared with a control group.4This effect was most pronounced in smoking patients over 50 years of age with already considerably decreased FEVy.Looking at the pharmacokinetic data, the authors showed in a group of patients con- sisting of smokers, ex-smokers and non- smokers that NAC, 600 mg daily for five days, increased levels of glutathione in BAL fluid by 180% 1-3 hours after the last dose (p<0 05), and by 24% 16-20 hours after the last dose (NS).5This "transient" increase in antioxidants in the lung apparently does not preclude a decrease in oxidative stress, or an improvement in antioxidative capacity of the lung, or both.
The risk of proteinuria with the angiogenesis inhibitor axitinib in patients with cancer.
Authors: Andrew Kuei, Shenhong Wu
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

439 Background: The use of axitinib, a potent inhibitor of the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR), is associated with proteinuria, which may cause morbidity and treatment interruptions in cancer patients. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of published clinical trials to assess the overall risk of severe proteinuria when treated with axitinib. Methods: Potentially relevant studies were identified by searching databases from PubMed and abstracts presented at the American Society of Clinical Oncology annual meetings until June 2012. Eligible studies included prospective clinical trials in cancer patients treated with axitinib containing data on all-grade and/or high-grade proteinuria. Summary incidence, relative risk (RR), and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated using the fixed- or random-effects models. Results: A total of 1,671 patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and other solid tumors from 9 studies were included for analysis. The overall incidence of all-grade proteinuria with axitinib was 22.7% (95% CI: 10.4-42.6%). There was no significant difference between RCC and non-RCC patients (p = 0.45), although the incidence in RCC patients was higher (30.0%, 95% CI: 8.4-66.7 vs. 17.5%, 95% CI: 7.4-36.3%). The overall incidence of high-grade (grade 3 or 4) proteinuria with axitinib was 3.8% (95% CI: 2.6-5.7%). In comparison with a control (gemcitabine), axitinib significantly increased the incidence of high-grade proteinuria (3.3%, 95% CI: 1.6-6.5% vs. 0.1%, 95% CI: 0-2.3%; p=0.031). When compared to sorafenib, another angiovsgenesis inhibitor, axitinib has elevated risk of proteinuria but without statistical significance (RR=1.48 for all-grade, 95% CI: 0.92-2.38, p = 0.10; RR=1.81 for high-grade, 95% CI: 0.68-4.85, p = 0.24). Conclusions: There was a significant risk of high-grade proteinuria associated with the use of axitinib in cancer patients. Adequate monitoring and appropriate use of axitinib is recommended to reduce renal complications.
Left atrial dimension predicts impaired exercise performance in non obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: Relation to impaired left ventricular systolic and diastolic function but not to severity of left ventricular hypertrophy David A. Begley, Saidi Mohiddin, Lameh Fananapazir. National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Medical ethics
Authors: R. M. Veatch
Journal: JAMA (1980)

The 1970s could be said to be the decade when medical ethics came of age. More precisely, perhaps, it was the decade when it came of age once again, for there have been other periods in history when medical ethics flourished as a lively, vibrant field of study and debate. But the 1970s was a decade when a field of scholarly and applied study of important, practical ethical problems in medicine emerged as a serious, sustained endeavor. This evolution paralleled important social events in medicine. <h3>Practical Ethics</h3> At the beginning of the decade, the heart transplant was a new, exciting, and morally challenging procedure. It forced on us debates about the definition of death, the ethics of cadaver organ use, and even the ethics of moving from one human to another the organ that has been thought to be the seat of the soul. It even generated science fiction speculation
The prolyl 4-hydroxylase inhibitor HOE 077 prevents activation of Ito cells, reducing procollagen gene expression in rat liver fibrosis induced by choline-deficient l-amino acid-defined diet
Authors: I Sakaida, Y Matsumura, M Kubota, K Kayano, K Takenaka, K Okita
Journal: Hepatology (1996)

No effective therapy has yet developed for liver fibrosis by directory inhibiting the accumulation of extracellular matrix. The effect of a newly synthesized prolyl4-hydroxylase (PH) inhibitor, HOE 077 (pyridine- 2, 4-di-carboxylic-di(2-methoxyethyl)amide), was examined using the model of choline-deficient l-amino acid (CDAA) defined diet-induced liver fibrosis in 16-week-old male Wistar rats. HOE 077 at doses up to 200 ppm prevented fibrosis in a dose-dependent manner, as indicated by reduced hydroxyproline content in liver as well as inhibition of increased serum fibrotic markers (PIIIP, 7S, hyaluronic acid). HOE 077 at 200 ppm reduced expression of type III procollagen alpha 1 , messenger RNA (mRNA) in the liver, with a good correlation with serum PIIIP and hydroxyproline content of the liver. Histologically, HOE 077 at 200 ppm also reduced proliferation of myofibroblastlike cells (activated Ito cells). These results indicate that a PH inhibitor can prevent fibrosis by inhibiting not only the hydroxylation of proline but also the activation of Ito cells, which are considered the main collagen-producing cells, resulting in reduced expression of procollagen mRNA.
Homoeopathy
Authors: A. H. Gregson
Journal: BMJ (1951)

<h3>Objectives</h3> Reported childhood prevalence of autism varies considerably between studies and over time, and general health status has been little investigated. We aimed to investigate contemporary prevalence of reported autism by age, and general health status of children/young people with and without autism. <h3>Design</h3> Secondary analysis of Scotland’s Census, 2011 data. Cross-sectional study. <h3>Setting</h3> General population of Scotland. <h3>Participants</h3> All children (n=916 331) and young people (n=632 488) in Scotland. <h3>Main outcome measures</h3> Number (%) of children/young people reported to have autism and their general health status; prevalence of autism; prevalence of poor health (fair, bad and very bad health); odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) of autism predicting poor health, adjusted for age and gender and OR for age and gender in predicting poor health within the population with reported autism. <h3>Results</h3> Autism was reported for 17 348/916 331 (1.9%) children aged 0–15, and 7715/632 488 (1.2%) young people aged 16–24. The rate increased to age 11 in boys and age 10 in girls, reflecting age at diagnosis. Prevalence was 2.8% at age 10 (4.4% for boys; 1.1% for girls), and 2.9% at age 11 (4.5% for boys; 1.1% for girls). 22.0% of children and 25.5% of young people with autism reported poor health, compared with 2.0% and 4.4% without autism. Autism had OR=11.3 (11.0 to 11.7) in predicting poor health. Autistic females had poorer health than autistic males, OR=1.6 (1.5 to 1.8). <h3>Conclusion</h3> Accurate information on the proportion of autistic children and their health status is essential plan appropriate prevention and intervention measures and provide resources for those who may put demand on services designed for autistic people.
Analysis of PIGA gene in a patient who developed reciprocal translocation of chromosome 12 and paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria during follow‐up of aplastic anemia
Authors: Jun‐Ichi Nishimura, Norimitsu Inoue, Yasuhiko Azenishi, Toshiyuki Hirota, Teruaki Akaogi, Masaru Shibano, Kazuyoshi Kawagoe, Etsuko Ueda, Takashi Machii, Junji Takeda, Taroh Kinoshita, Teruo Kitani
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1996)

The relationships between paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH), aplastic anemia (AA), and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) are not clear. Here we describe a patient, J20, who developed a reciprocal translocation of chromosome 12 and PNH during follow-up of AA. All metaphases in CD59-deficient bone marrow mononuclear cells had the translocation, whereas none of the CD59-sufficient cells had it, indicating that the PNH clone coincided with a cell population bearing the chromosomal aberration. We found a somatic single-base deletion mutation in the PIG-A gene of this patient's peripheral blood cells. This is the first patient with PNH with a PNH clone containing a chromosomal translocation. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Implications of Treating Water Containing Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons with Chlorine: A Gas Chromatographic-Mass Spectrometric Study
Authors: A. R. Oyler, R. J. Liukkonen, M. K. Lukasewycz, D. A. Cox, D. A. Peake, R. M. Carlson
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1982)

The products of aqueous chlorination reactions of 1-methylnaphthalene, fluorene, dibenzofuran, anthracene, phenanthrene, 1-methylphenanthrene, fluoranthene, and pyrene have been determined. The conditions employed for these reactions approximated those that might be encountered in water treatment facilities. Reactions at pH greater than 6 tended to produce oxygenated products (epoxides, phenols, quinones, etc.), and reactions at pH less than 6 tended to produce both oxygenated (quinones) and chlorinated products.
Continuing Medical Education
Authors: John Lister
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1970)

THE special article in the Journal by Lewis and Hassanein1 on "Continuing Medical Education," which has stimulated discussion in the correspondence columns, was also of great interest to those of us in this country who are especially concerned with the problem. Their remark that "in the face of the proliferation of opportunity for postgraduate medical education it is disturbing to note the lack of evidence that current efforts are worth the time and energy expended" was particularly relevant since we are also attempting to evaluate the benefits of our own increasing efforts in this field.It is remarkable how often, . . .
<i>Memoirs of Pliny Earle, M.D., with Extracts from his Diary and Letters</i>(1830-92)<i>and Selections from his Professional Writings</i>(1839-91). Edited with a general introduction by F. B. Sanborn, of Concord, former Chairman of the Board of State Charities of Massachusetts and Inspector of Charities. Boston: Damrell &amp; Upham. 1898
Authors: G. A. B.
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1899)
AUTHOR'S REPLY
Authors: S. O'Hickey
Journal: Thorax (1990)

Role of histamine release in hypertonic saline induced bronchoconstrictionIn a recent study Dr O'Hickey and his colleagues (August 1989;44:650-3) inves- tigated the inhibitory effect of terfenadine on hypertonic saline induced bronchoconstric- tion in asthmatic subjects.Terfenadine was administered in two doses of 120 mg 12 hours and two hours before challenge with hyper- tonic saline, and gave significant protection against this stimulus, displacing the geometric mean PD20 FEV, from 22 to 56 1 drawn from the ultrasonic nebuliser.The authors concluded that airway his- tamine release was only one of several mechanisms mediating the bronchoconstrictor response to hypertonic saline, because of the substantial intersubject variation in the inhibitory effect of terfenadine in their study.This apparent heterogeneity may be due, among other factors, to an inadequate dose of terfenadine.Previous work, by Hopp et al, showed that when terfenadine was administered four hours before bronchial challenge with ultrasonically nebulised distilled water a drug dose of 240 mg gave better protection than that afforded by 120 mg.' A recent study using a dose of 180 mg terfenadine adminis- tered three hours before hypertonic saline challenge showed a geometric mean increase of PD25 by a factor of 7 2,' somewhat greater than the 2-5 fold shift reported by Dr O'Hickey and colleagues.It may be supposed that after airway mast cell degranulation a histamine concentration gradient exists,
Fifth Annual Symposium on Fine Needle Aspiration
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1985)

Journal Article Fifth Annual Symposium on Fine Needle Aspiration Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 74, Issue 5, May 1985, Page 1153, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/74.5.1153-a Published: 01 May 1985
Jejunoileal tuberculosis.
Authors: M de sa Pereira
Journal: BMJ (1980)

acting insulin and suggests that the absorbed insulin is biologically active.On the other hand, measurement of plasma insulin levels in healthy subjects may not accurately reflect insulin absorption kinetics urnder all circumstances.Firstly, circulating levels of plasma insulin in healthy people are the sum of endogenous plus exogenous insulin and do not reflect the amount of absorbed insulin alone.This is important, since exogenous insulin is shown to decrease endogenous insulin secretion in the normal person.7 Secondly, serum insulin levels are affected not only by the rate of insulin delivery but also by the rate of insulin clearance.Factors which may affect insulin clearance regardless of their effect on insulin absorption may affect plasma immunoreactive concentra- tions after insulin injection.Furthermore, owing to the rapid turnover of insulin, plasma insulin levels at a given time represent only a minor portion of subcutaneously injected insulin.89Thus under circumstances of altered endogenous insulin secretion or changed metabolic clearance of insulin the determination of serum insulin levels as an index of insulin absorption kinetics is subject to error.
Marijuana may lessen spasticity of MS
Journal: JAMA (1979)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Poetry and Medicine
Authors: Jon Mukand
Journal: JAMA (1988)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstracts
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1965)

recurrence following asymptomatic streptococcal infec- tion in seven of the adolescents.Most of these illnesses were severe with major cardiac manifestations, one of the patients dying from heart failure.The rheumatic re- currence rates were 1 * 3 and 0 * 7 per 100 patient-years and the streptococcal infection rates were 5 3 and 4 -8 per 100 in adolescents and adults respectively.These figures are contrasted with recently published much higher attack rates in school-children with previous rheumatic fever.The attack rates are, however, much higher than the incidence of rheumatic fever following streptococcal infection in the general population who have not suffered a previous attack of rheumatic fever.The data presented suggest that the great majority of rheumatic recurrences are preventable only by routine continuous penicillin prophylaxis.There is some evi- dence that streptococcal infection reactivates rheumatic fever with diminished frequency after prolonged freedom from the last rheumatic attack; nevertheless an adult "rheumatic host" still hyperreacts to streptococcal disease.It is concluded that "discontinuing antistreptococcal prophylaxis in the adult rheumatic cardiac still constitutes at least a potential serious risk".John LorberFrequency of the Presence of Autoantibodies in the Blood of Children with Rheumatic Fever. [In Russian.]ROZENTAL', K. M., and ROMANOV, A. F. (1964).Vop.Revm., 4, 3. 14 refs.The authors carried out a modification of Steffen's test for autoantibodies (Kin.Wschr., 1955, 33, 134) on 512 samples of serum from 169 children in the acute state of rheumatic fever and compared the results with those obtained with sera from 129 healthy children.Incom- plete tissue autoantibodies were demonstrated in the serum of 122 (72-2 per cent.) of the rheumatic children and of only nine (6 9 per cent.) of the healthy children.In some cases it was necessary to test repeated specimens of serum before the presence of the autoantibodies could be detected.This may have been because the autoanti- bodies were only intermittently present or because of insufficient sensitivity of the test.A.
MEMBERSHIP OF EDUCATIONAL COMMITTEES (AS OF JULY 1, 1983)
Journal: JAMA (1983)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
BTS guidelines for the management of pleural infection
Authors: C. W. H. Davies, F. V. Gleeson, R. J. O. Davies
Journal: Thorax (2003)

These guidelines have been replaced by BTS Pleural Disease Guideline 2010 Superseded By BTS Pleural Disease Guideline 2010: BTS Guidelines for the Management of Pleural Disease. Thorax 2003 May; 58(Suppl 2): 1–59.
URETERAL SCISSORS
Authors: Hermon C. Bumpus
Journal: JAMA (1924)

Efforts to dislodge and recover ureteral stones by the manipulation of multiple ureteral catheters, dilators or sounds have been surprisingly successful, and major surgical procedures have decreased accordingly. It is generally agreed, however, that in a certain number of cases the stone will be too large to pass, and an initial operation will be indicated. The opinion among urologists that attempts should not be made to manipulate certain stones is due to the fact that occasionally a patient develops periurethritis or pyelonephritis afterward, becomes acutely ill, and requires nephrectomy. In such a case the removal of the badly infected kidney might have been avoided if surgical measures for the removal of the ureteral stone had been undertaken at the beginning. Even with this problem solved, there still remains the problem of the type of operation to be employed for removal of the stone. If nephrectomy is not required and the
A SIMPLE INFLATION APPARATUS
Journal: JAMA (1922)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal