tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Merkel Cell Carcinoma: Recent Progress and Current Priorities on Etiology, Pathogenesis, and Clinical Management
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

To expedite improved understanding, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC), a rare malignancy of cutaneous neuroendocrine cells that has a 28% 2-year mortality rate.This article summarizes a workshop that discussed the state-of-the-art research and priorities for research on MCC and on a new human polyomavirus (ie, MCPyV) recently discovered in 80% of MCC tumors.Normal Merkel cells are widely distributed in the epidermis near the end of nerve axons and may function as mechanoreceptors or chemoreceptors. Malignant MCC cells typically stain for cytokeratin 20 as well as for other epithelial and neuroendocrine markers. MCC subtypes, which are based on histology, on cell line growth properties, and on gene expression profiles, have been reported but have not been linked to prognosis. Clinical management has been empiric. MCPyV is clonally integrated at various sites in the human genome of MCC tumors, with truncating mutations in the viral, large T antigen gene that interrupt viral replication. MCPyV seroprevalence may be high, as with previously known human polyomaviruses. MCC risk is increased 11-fold with AIDS and with other cell-mediated immune deficiencies, B-cell neoplasms, and ultraviolet radiation exposure.Development and validation of a range quantitative polymerase chain reaction and serologic assays for detection of MCPyV, as well as an infectious clone of the virus, would clarify the fundamental biology, natural history, and epidemiology of the virus, of MCC, and of other diseases. Contingent on standardized histologic diagnosis and staging of MCC, consortia are needed to clarify the risks and benefits of sentinel lymph node biopsy, adjuvant radiation therapy, and salvage therapies; consortia are needed also for epidemiologic studies of MCC etiology.
The Effect of Intragastric Balloon on Plasma Ghrelin, Leptin, and Adiponectin Levels in Patients with Morbid Obesity
Authors: M. Konopko-Zubrzycka, A. Baniukiewicz, E. Wróblewski, I. Kowalska, W. Zarzycki, M. Górska, A. Dabrowski
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (2009)

Ghrelin and leptin are hormones regulating appetite and metabolic processes. Adiponectin plays an important role in the modulation of glucose and lipid metabolism. The objective of the study was to evaluate the levels of plasma ghrelin, leptin, and adiponectin in obese subjects treated with bioenterics intragastric balloon (BIB), low-calorie diet (1500 kcal), and physical exercise. BIB was placed for 6 months in 21 subjects with body mass index 47.3 ± 5.7. The control group consisted of 15 morbidly obese subjects treated with a low-calorie diet and physical effort. Plasma hormone levels were determined by RIA. In the BIB group, the insertion of the balloon caused a considerable reduction in body mass over a 6-month period (17.1 ± 8.0 kg) as compared with the control group (3.2 ± 6.4 kg). After 1 month, the levels of ghrelin increased from 621.9 ± 182.4 to 903.9 ± 237 pg/ml and thereafter gradually decreased, reaching the starting level 3 months after the removal of the balloon. In the same group, the levels of leptin decreased from 61.3 ± 36.7 to 39.9 ± 17.5 ng/ml. In the control group, the corresponding levels of ghrelin and leptin remained relatively stable. During the observation period, in the BIB group, the levels of adiponectin remained unchanged as opposed to a transient increase noted in the control group. In patients with morbid obesity, weight loss induced by BIB is associated with a decrease in plasma leptin and a transient elevation of plasma ghrelin. It is likely that the changes in hormones regulating the energy balance caused by BIB can prevent an increase in adiponectin level.
Shoe Shine
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Beware the Tangled Web They Weave
Journal: JAMA (1997)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
GI SNAPSHOT
Authors: Y Kuo, T Su, H Chen, Z Attieh, B Syed, A Mckie
Journal: Gut (2004)

Background: Hephaestin is a multicopper ferroxidase required for basolateral transport of iron from enterocytes.Sex linked anaemia (sla) mice have a defect in the release of iron from intestinal enterocytes into the circulation due to an interstitial deletion in the hephaestin gene (heph).Results: We have demonstrated that hephaestin is primarily localised to a supranuclear compartment in both intestinal enterocytes and in cultured cells.In normal intestinal enterocytes, hephaestin was also present on the basolateral surface.In sla mice, hephaestin was present only in the supranuclear compartment.In contrast, the iron permease Ireg1 localised to the basolateral membrane in both control and sla mice. Conclusion:We suggest that mislocalisation of hephaestin likely contributes to the functional defect in sla intestinal epithelium.
An Outline of Neurology and Its Outlook.
Journal: JAMA (1930)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Malignant Pheochromocytoma: Report of Case in 12-Year-Old Child
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
This Week in &lt;EMPH&gt;JAMA&lt;/EMPH&gt;
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Philimon Gona, PhD; Russell B. Van Dyke, MD; Paige L. Williams, PhD; Wayne M. Dankner, MD; Miriam C. Chernoff, PhD; Sharon A. Nachman, MD; George R. Seage, DSc, MPH
How do we interpret the 'bad news' about cancer?
Authors: A. B. Miller
Journal: JAMA (1994)

In this issue ofThe Journal, Davis et al<sup>1</sup>report on their analyses of US cancer data for 1973 through 1987 and conclude that increases in cancer have occurred that are not solely linked to aging of the population and smoking patterns. When interpreting the findings from their analyses we should bear in mind the following: First, if the major cause of death declines (cardiovascular disease, the decline of which is one of the triumphs of this century), then other causes of death will increase proportionally. It is not clear that restricting attention to one raceage group (whites, aged 65 to 74 years, as in their Fig 1) will necessarily completely control for this phenomenon, especially the effect of competing causes of death. See also p 431. Second, categorizing smoking-related cancers as cancers of the mouth, larynx, lung, pharynx, and esophagus ignores those cancers of the bladder, kidney, pancreas,
Book Review The 1940 Year Book of Pathology and Immunology . Edited by Howard T. Karsner, M.D. (pathology) and Sanford B. Hooker, M.D. (immunology). 12°, cloth, 688 pp., with 113 illustrations. Chicago: The Year Book Publishers, Incorporated, 1940. $3.00.
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1941)
Paradoxic effect of ibuprofen on neutrophil accumulation in pulmonary and cutaneous inflammation.
Authors: P G Hellewell, S K Young, P M Henson, G S Worthen
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1995)

Evidence exists to suggest that the local accumulation of neutrophils in pulmonary inflammation occurs by a different mechanism than in other microvascular beds. In the present study, this suggestion was investigated using the nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug ibuprofen. This drug was used because in addition to inhibiting cyclooxygenase, it prevents several aspects of neutrophil function, including adhesion. Local inflammation in the lung and skin of the same rabbits was induced by the administration of C5a, and the effect of intravenous injection of ibuprofen on the accumulation of neutrophils at these two sites was examined. In the skin, neutrophil accumulation was inhibited by ibuprofen, and this appeared to be independent of cyclooxygenase blockade. A possible mechanism was prevention of neutrophil adherence to endothelium in postcapillary venules, and in vitro experiments showed that ibuprofen could entirely prevent neutrophil adherence, in addition to suppressing azurophil granule secretion and superoxide anion generation. However, the effect on adherence appeared to be independent of expression of the CD11/CD18 adhesion complex on the neutrophil. By contrast, in the pulmonary circulation of the same rabbit, C5a-induced neutrophil accumulation was enhanced by ibuprofen treatment. This was suggested to result from the prevention of thromboxane production, which normally serves to decrease local pulmonary blood flow to diminish delivery of neutrophils to the inflammatory site. Ibuprofen had no effect on retention of neutrophils in filters (models of pulmonary capillaries), suggesting that the drug was not enhancing the retention of neutrophils in capillaries on the first pass through the lung. Thus, it was possible that enhancement in the lung was caused by an increase in neutrophil supply. Because the accumulation of neutrophils in the skin is known to be dependent on the adherence phenomena, the paradoxic effects of ibuprofen on inflammation suggest that mechanisms responsible for the accumulation of neutrophils in cutaneous and pulmonary microcirculations are different.
Cleft Lip and Palate.
Journal: JAMA (1924)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
ANTICOAGULANT-INDUCED HEMORRHAGE
Journal: JAMA (1962)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Munchausen's syndrome simulating reflex sympathetic dystrophy.
Authors: D Thomas
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1991)

Cytokines in rheumatoid arthritisSir: In a recent interesting article Westacott et al reported on concentrations of the five cytokines interleukin 1 , interleukin 2, tumour necrosis factor a, interferons gamma and
THE HOLMGREN TEST.
Journal: JAMA (1901)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Clinical Lectures on Nervous Diseases
Authors: A. H. Bennett
Journal: BMJ (1878)

a vertical line drawn exactly through the centre of the body.If, for CbIN ICAL LECTURES example, a pair of compasses, the points of which were an inch apa.t,L ere made to touch the head, back, chest, or abdomen, in the middle oN line, only that point on the left side was felt.No ordinary touch or handling was felt; very hard pressure was indistinctly appreciated.The N E R V O U S D IS E A S E S. skin was also almost totally analgesic.Aneedle passed through a%n portion of it on the right side was not felt, neither was the strongest pinch
Reproductive function in women athletes
Authors: R. W. Rebar
Journal: JAMA (1981)

Increasing numbers of women are becoming involved in strenuous exercise programs. While older studies did not find any major deleterious effects of exercise on reproductive function,<sup>1-3</sup>more recently such effects have been recognized. Amenorrhea,<sup>4-6</sup>shortened luteal phase,<sup>7</sup>and delayed menarche<sup>8-9</sup>have all been reported. It is clear from the article by Frisch et al in this issue ofThe Journal(p 1559) that premenarcheal exercise can influence the timing of menarche; but in general, little is known of the short-term and long-term consequences of exercise on reproductive function in women. Just what is it about exercise that can delay menarche and result in amenorrhea? Dr Frisch and her colleagues suggest that an altered lean-fat ratio might be the key mechanism responsible for the delay in menarche in young athletes. Since it is thought that conversion of androgens to estrogens occurs primarily in peripheral fat, an alteration
Taking the lead against Reed Elsevier
Authors: Edward Armstrong
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2007)

Please e-mail letters for publication to Dr Kamran Abbasi [ kamran.abbasi@rsm.ac.uk ]. Letters should be no longer than 300 words and preference will be given to letters responding to articles published in the JRSM. Our aim is to publish letters quickly. Not all correspondence will be acknowledged.
Instruments for assessing the quality of drug studies published in the medical literature
Authors: M. K. Cho
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To develop valid and reliable instruments to assess the methodologic quality and clinical relevance of drug studies. <h3>Design.</h3> —We developed an instrument to assess the methodologic quality of articles reporting clinical research and an instrument to measure nonmethodologic measures of quality, such as clinical relevance, generalizability, and adherence to ethical standards. Each instrument was pretested by seven independent, masked reviewers and modified based on interrater agreement and content validity of individual items. We determined correlational validity of the final methodologic quality instrument by comparing quality scores assigned to 10 articles by means of our instrument and a previously published one. <h3>Participants.</h3> —Clinical drug studies published in symposium proceedings and peer reviewed biomedical literature. <h3>Main Outcome Measures.</h3> —Interrater reliability of overall quality scores, measured by intraclass correlation (<i>r</i>) and Kendall's coefficient of concordance (W), and interrater reliability of individual items, by percentage agreement. <h3>Main Results.</h3> —The interrater reliability of the pretest methodologic quality instrument was high (<i>r</i>=.89 [95% confidence interval,.73 to.96]; W=0.64). Correlational validity of the final instrument was suggested by the high degree of concordance with another previously published one (W=0.74). The interrater reliability of the pretest clinical relevance instrument was moderate (<i>r</i>=.41 [95% confidence interval,.18 to.64]; W=0.47). Reviewers confirmed the content validity of both instruments. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —The two instruments we developed, one measuring methodologic quality and one measuring clinical relevance of articles reporting clinical research, are reliable, valid, and applicable to a variety of research designs. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1994;272:101-104)
Fatal Rocky Mountain spotted fever
Authors: M. A. Hattwick
Journal: JAMA (1978)

Forty-four fatal cases of Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) occurring in 1974 were compared with 50 nonfatal cases of similar age, sex, date of onset, and place of occurrence. Diagnosis and initiation of treatment in fatal cases were substantially delayed compared with nonfatal cases. Several reasons for this delay were identified: (1) the rash appeared later in the course of illness in the fatal cases, often not until the patient was terminal, (2) a history of tick bite was less often obtained during life or obtained late in the clinical course in fatal cases, and (3) initial nonspecific symptoms or unexpected symptoms led to an initial diagnosis of more common diseases. Only two fatal cases were treated with either tetracycline or chloramphenicol before the sixth day of illness. Presumptive diagnosis of RMSF and initiation of tetracycline therapy before onset of rash may be necessary to reduce mortality. (<i>JAMA</i>240:1499-1503, 1978)