tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Ending smoking at the Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions. An evaluation of smoking prevalence and indoor air pollution
Authors: F. A. Stillman
Journal: JAMA (1990)

An empiric evaluation of a policy ending smoking in a large urban medical center was conducted. The study included a prospective cohort tracking of employees to measure changes in smoking behavior, environmental fires, smoking-related litter, and environmental tobacco pollution exposure. A 25% decrease in employee smoking prevalence was found (21.7% vs 16.2% before vs after policy implementation, respectively). The daily number of cigarettes reportedly smoked by employees who continued smoking and the total number smoked at work decreased across all occupational categories by an average of 25%. Significant reductions were noted in the level of public smoking and the amount of cigarette remnants. Nicotine vapor concentrations decreased significantly in all areas except restrooms. These findings suggest that visible smoking and environmental tobacco smoke exposure can be markedly decreased by instituting a policy eliminating smoking in a large medical center. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1990;264:1565-1569)
The role of healthcare delivery in the outcome of meningococcal disease in children: case-control study of fatal and non-fatal cases
Journal: BMJ (2005)

rates were considerable.In the Cochrane review on galantamine, 16 the randomisation procedure was the sole indicator of methodological quality of the included trials, and the higher rates of dropouts in patients treated with galantamine did not lead to a different interpretation of results.Also, dropout rates up to 35% did not influence conclusions in the systematic review on rivastigmine by Birks et al. 17 Whitehead et al 18 performed a meta-analysis of individual patients' data from randomised controlled trials on donepezil, and Ritchie et al 19 carried out a meta-analysis of published data from randomised controlled trials on donepezil, rivastigmine, and galantamine.No attempt was made in either meta-analysis to consider the quality of the included trials.Since all individual trials show considerable methodological shortcomings, the results of both meta-analyses are questionable as well.The same lack of assessment of methodological quality of the reviewed trials is found in the review of the American Academy of Neurology. 2 ConclusionsClinicians often argue that cholinesterase inhibitors have an effect in a subgroup of only 10-20% of patients with Alzheimer's disease.As this subgroup cannot be identified in advance, they conclude that all patients with Alzheimer's disease should be treated.Firstly, however, this observation could also be due to a placebo effect.Secondly, if there are subgroups of patients who benefit research should focus on the definition of responders.Thirdly, if the efficacy of the drugs is tested at the level of individual patients, clear reassessment procedures are needed for clinical practice.
Arthritis Advisor
Authors: Alan J. Bridges
Journal: JAMA (1995)

Musculoskeletal problems are among the most common outpatient problems in primary care practice. Diagnosis of a new musculoskeletal condition is just the beginning of patient care. Complete care should include education, discussion of medications and their side effects, physical therapy, and activity modification.<i>Arthritis Advisor</i>is a simple software program that assists the clinician in this part of patient care. It was developed in cooperation with the Arthritis Foundation. <i>Arthritis Advisor</i>was designed to be used by medical providers to generate patient education handouts. The program is easy to use. You bring it up, highlight the "topic" you wish to discuss, view the topic if desired, and print the handout. Help is available in a pull-down menu. A few simple illustrations are included and require a laser printer for use. The topics include common musculoskeletal problems, such as tendinitis, bursitis, osteoarthritis, low back pain, gout, nerve entrapment, and rheumatoid arthritis.
Evidence for both oxygen and non-oxygen dependent mechanisms of antibody sensitized target cell lysis by human monocytes
Authors: DK Klassen, AL Jr Sagone
Journal: Blood (1980)

Recent studies suggest that the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) or superoxide (O2-) may play a role in monocyte antibody-dependent cytotoxicity (ADCC). We studied ADCC by normal human monocytes, and monocytes from chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) patients, cells unable to generate ROS, toward anti-D sensitized human red cells (RBC) and an antibody sensitized lymphoblastoid cell line (CEM) by 51Cr release. The effects of hypoxia, scavengers of ROS, and the activity of the hexose monophosphate shunt pathway (HMPS) were examined. We found that monocyte HMPS activity increased two to threefold during ADCC toward RBC but was unchanged during ADCC toward CEM cells. Hypoxia decreased lysis of RBC targets by 80% but did not affect lysis of CEM cells even though hypoxia markedly decreased monocyte HMPS activity. Monocytes from CGD patients had impaired lysis of RBC but lysed CEM cells normally. We could not, however, demonstrate protection by scavengers of ROS. We conclude that monocyte ADCC involves two independent mechanisms: a nonoxidative mechanism active in the lysis of CEM cells, and an oxidative mechanism that may involve an unidentified ROS activated during ADCC toward RBC. The activation and possible interaction of these two mechanisms is determined by the nature of the target cell and sensitizing antibody.
Chairside Fantasy
Authors: Marta Christov
Journal: JAMA (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Distance travelled and cost of transport for use of facility-based maternity services in rural Bangladesh: a cross-sectional survey
Authors: Kaji T Keya, M Moshiur Rahman, Ubaidur Rob, Benjamin Bellows
Journal: The Lancet Global Health (2013)

BackgroundAlthough maternal mortality in Bangladesh has decreased significantly, underutilisation of facilities for maternal health care continues to be a persistent challenge. Women often have to travel long distances and face transportation costs to deliver at a health facility. To reduce financial barriers, the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare introduced a demand-side financing programme that gives incentives to expectant mothers. We assessed the role of distance and transportation cost in the use of antenatal care, delivery, complication management, and postnatal care from a health facility.MethodsWe did this cross-sectional survey in 22 subdistricts in Bangladesh. From each subdistrict, three of nine unions and three villages from each union were selected through probability proportional to size in 2010. Mothers who had given birth in the preceding year were interviewed about distance from residence to a health facility, transportation cost, and mode of transport.Findings3300 women were interviewed. 1742 (53%) women received antenatal care, 647 (20%) received delivery care, and 343 (10%) received postnatal care at a health-care facility. On average, women travelled 6 km for antenatal check-ups (range 0–70 km) and postnatal check-ups (range 0–45 km) and 8 km for management of complications (range 0–50 km) or delivery (0–70 km). Most women used a non-motorised rickshaw or van to reach a health facility. On average, women spent Taka 100 (US$1·4, range 0–32·14) on transportation for antenatal care, Taka 432 ($6·17, range 0–100) for delivery, and Taka 132 ($1·89, range 0–35·71) for a postnatal check-up. For each additional kilometre, the cost increased by Taka 9 ($0·13) for antenatal care, Taka 31 ($0·44) for delivery, and Taka 8 ($0·11) for postnatal care.InterpretationUse of maternal health-care services at a health-care facility was low in rural Bangladesh. At present, the demand-side financing programme gives a flat payment of Taka 100 ($1·4) for transportation cost for each visit. This payment is insufficient. Programme managers should review the transportation allowance.FundingBill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
SUBJECTIVE SLEEP QUALITY IN ELITE WOMENS INTERNATIONAL SOCCER PLAYERS PRIOR TO AN INTERNATIONAL MATCH
Authors: Stephen Boyce, Michael McKenna, Andrew White, Oliver Davies, Mark Dixon, Niall Elliott
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2017)

Background Sleep has been found to have many recuperative and restorative effects on an athlete's recovery and preparation for a match. In international soccer it is common that players have to sleep in unfamiliar locations (e.g. hotel) prior to matches however little is known about the quality of sleep achieved in a hotel compared with at home. Objective To assess the quality of sleep in elite women's international soccer players prior to a domestic international fixture in comparison to sleep at home. Design Prospective observational study. Setting Scotland women's soccer national squad. Participants Elite women international soccer players. Interventions 21 female international soccer player's sleep quality was monitored in the weeks before and during four different domestic international camps with the use of a mobile application that was filled out each morning immediately after awakening. Main Outcome Measurements The sleep quality was assessed using a subjective 10-point scale with 1 being negative and 10 being positive. For differences in sleep quality, an independent t-test was used to compare means. Statistical significance was set at p&lt;0.05. Results There was no significant difference when comparing sleep quality at home with that of in a hotel in the lead up to a women's home international soccer match (7.44±1.32 vs. 7.36±1.16, p=0.39). Conclusions The findings of the present study indicate that the subjective sleep quality of female soccer players is not reduced in a hotel prior to a domestic international match and is not compromising recovery and preparation for the match. Further research is required to determine whether this is the same for away international fixtures involving travel.
MEDICAL LITERATURE AND PHILOSOPHY.
Journal: JAMA (1891)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Myringotomy in acute otitis media. A controlled study
Authors: O. F. Roddey
Journal: JAMA (1966)

One hundred and eighty-one children with primary attacks of acute, purulent otitis media with bulging tympanic membranes were treated with antibiotics and nasal decongestants, and in approximately one half of the patients selected by random method, myringotomies were also performed. The only significant difference between the two groups, as judged by resolution of the middle-ear pathology, audiometry, and clinical response, was greater pain relief in a small group in whom there had been severe earache initially. Myringotomies were performed on patients in each group when resolution of the middle-ear pathology failed to occur within a reasonable length of time.
Medical Electronics
Authors: Rolf G. Rattay
Journal: JAMA (1961)

This well-written book surveys the use of electrical and electronic apparatus used in medical practice and research. It is adequately illustrated with drawings, photographs, and wiring diagrams and is written on a level suitable for electronic technicians and paramedical personnel. It is not a textbook on therapy. The first chapter describes the principles by which various recorders operate; the second discusses the recording of biological potentials, with particular emphasis on electrocardiograms and electroencephalograms. The third chapter deals with the way nonelectrical physiological phenomena (body temperature, heart sounds, and oxygen saturation of blood) are transduced into electrical signals for observation or recording. Chapter four covers radioactive isotopes and counters and their medical application. Chapter five discusses x-radiation and x-ray apparatus. The last three chapters deal with diathermy; electrodiagnosis, electrotherapy, and electrosurgery; and ultrasonics. The first few paragraphs of each chapter set the stage for the material being discussed, or give the
MARASMUS AND PROTEIN HYPERSENSITIVENESS
Journal: JAMA (1926)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Dr. William Judson Martin Is Not Dead
Journal: JAMA (1941)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Cirrhosis of the Liver in Rats Following Total-Body X Irradiation&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: White, Julius, Congdon, Charles C., David, Philip W., Ally, Mona S.
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1955)

Journal Article Cirrhosis of the Liver in Rats Following Total-Body X Irradiation Get access Julius White, Julius White National Cancer Institute,3Bethesda, Md. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Charles C. Congdon, Charles C. Congdon National Cancer Institute,3Bethesda, Md. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Philip W. David, Philip W. David National Cancer Institute,3Bethesda, Md. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Mona S. Ally Mona S. Ally National Cancer Institute,3Bethesda, Md. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 15, Issue 4, February 1955, Pages 1155–1163, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/15.4.1155 Published: 01 February 1955 Article history Received: 25 October 1954 Published: 01 February 1955
Increased Risk of Proteinuria among a Cohort of Lead-Exposed Pregnant Women
Authors: Pam Factor-Litvak, Zena Stein, Joseph Graziano
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1993)

Long-term exposure to high concentrations of lead results in renal dysfunction. During a prospective study of environmental lead and pregnancy outcomes in 1502 women residing in two towns in Yugoslavia, we explored whether moderate exposure to lead results in increased rates of proteinuria. The geometric mean blood lead concentrations (BPb) were 17.1 and 5.1 micrograms/dl in the smelter and nonexposed towns, respectively. Increases in BPb were associated with increased odds ratios for both trace and > or = 1+ proteinuria, measured using a urinary dipstick. Comparing the women in the upper 10th percentile of exposure to those in the lowest 10th percentile, the adjusted odds ratio for > or = 1+ proteinuria was 4.5 (95% CI 1.5, 13.6). Similarly, the adjusted odds ratio for trace proteinuria was 2.3 (95% CI 1.3, 4.1). Similar to other studies showing associations between chronic exposure to lead and renal dysfunction, our data suggest that long-term exposure to environmental lead may be associated with proteinuria.
Geriatric Assessment Predicts Overall Survival Among Older Adults Receiving Induction Chemotherapy for Acute Myelogenous Leukemia.
Authors: Heidi D. Klepin, Janet A. Tooze, Ann M. Geiger, Stephen Kritchevsky, Jeff Williamson, Leslie R. Ellis, Denise Levitan, Timothy Pardee, Scott Isom, Bayard L. Powell
Journal: Blood (2010)
Error in Methods
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2020)

Error in MethodsIn the original investigation titled "Clinical Characteristics and Results of Semen Tests Among Men With Coronavirus Disease 2019," 1 published May 7, 2020, the Methods section did not specify the method used to detect severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in semen.The method was reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction assay.This article has been corrected.
JAAD Case Reports Article List
Authors: Anastasia Benoit, Joshua Wisell, Mariah Brown, Christina Gamba, Lambert Smith, Saranya Khunkhet, Ploysyne Rattanakaemakorn, Natta Rajatanavin, Alexis Lyons, Valerie Harvey, Julia Gusev, Ramya Kollipara, George Reisz, Colleen Reisz, Nadine Kaskas, Malan Kern, Andrew Johnson, Matthew Hughes, Matthew Hardee, John Day, Murat Gokden, Sara Shalin, Ling Gao, Jeffrey Tiger, Jessica Rush, Dorothea Barton, Alexey Danilov, M Chapman, Samantha Margulies, Andrea Morris, Ogechi Ikediobi, Yi-Chun Chen, Kanade Shinkai
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2015)
Editorial Board
Authors: Cezmi Akdis, Zuhair Ballas, Iowa City, Iowa Deputy Editor, Stanley Szefler, Colo Associate, Andrea Apter, Leonard Philadelphia, St Bacharier, Claus Louis, Joshua Boyce, Robert Bush, Javier Chinen, Raif Geha, Kyoto Japan, Carole Ober, David Peden, Chapel Hill, Harald Renz, Marburg Germany, Marc Rothenberg, Cincinnati Ohio, Hirohisa Saito, Tokyo Japan, Stephan Weidinger, Robert Wood, In-Chief Donald, Y Leung, Jonathan Bernstein, Diane Gold, Stacie Jones, Rachel Miller, New York, Joshua Milner, Chaim Roifman, John Steinke, Amos Etzioni, James Gern, Robert Hamilton, Paul Bryce, Mariana Castells, Mitchell Grayson, Bruce Mazer, Ariel Munitz, Kari Nadeau, Bruce Bender, Pascal Chanez, Morton Cowan, San Francisco, Elizabeth Matsui
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2017)
Serum Cholesterol Level
Journal: JAMA (1973)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Warm bodies in white coats
Authors: R. C. Derbyshire
Journal: JAMA (1975)

Few generalizations can be made about graduates of medical schools outside of the United States and Canada, as these graduates vary tremendously in educational and cultural background. Of primary concern is the foreign medical graduate, with inferior education and limited knowledge of English, who does not qualify for regular licensure in the United States but who, because of acute manpower shortages, is placed in a position of authority in a state hospital. This situation is possible because of existing state laws. (<i>JAMA</i>232:1034-1035, 1975)