tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Dr. M. G. Candau and W.H.O.
Journal: BMJ (1973)

In July of this year Dr. M. G. Candau retires from the World Health Organization after having been its director- general for 20 years.The ideals and objectives of which the Organization is the tangible expression have always found support in Britain, and British doctors have played an im- portant part in the development of the W.H.O.'s technical activities whether as members of the staff, consultants, or participants in the numerous small meetings of experts con- vened for the discussion of specific problems.If in the past 20 years the W.H.O. has been able to win such strong support from doctors not only in Britain but also in many other countries, that is largely due to the personality and qualities of leadership of its director-general.
Socorro médico aéreo en ortopedia y traumatología
Journal: JAMA (1942)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Contents
Authors: Ray Boston, Dee Pei, Peter Moate, Hitomi Nakayama, Shuichi Otabe, Xiaohong Yuan, Takato Ueno, Naotoshi Hirota, Tomoka Fukutani, Nobuhiko Wada, Toshihiko Hashinaga, Kentaro Yamada, Samira Samane, Raymond Christon, Luce Dombrowski, Stéphane Turcotte, Zoubida Charrouf, Charles Lavigne, Emile Levy, Hélène Bachelard, Hamid Amarouch, André Marette, Pierre Haddad, Yasuko Katayose, Mami Tasaki, Hitomi Ogata, Yoshio Nakata, Kumpei Tokuyama, Makoto Satoh, Rosario Rossi, Annachiara Nuzzo, Giovanni Guaraldi, Nicola Squillace, Gabriella Orlando, Roberto Esposito, Antonella Lattanzi, Maria Modena
Journal: Metabolism (2009)
SI Units
Authors: Marvin M. McCall
Journal: JAMA (1979)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In the article "SI Units for Clinical Laboratory Data" (240:1618, 1978), the author states that "The impetus to introduce the SI [International System of Units] came from European laboratory scientists; the system was later accepted (not always enthusiastically) by physicians after the same objections now voiced by their US counterparts were overcome." It is a pity that the objections of the physicians in England were not sufficient to overcome the introduction of the SI unit into clinical medicine. On a recent visit to England, I found nothing but continued objections to this method of reporting laboratory data. As recently as last week a visitor from the United Kingdom stated emphatically to me, "Don't let them do it." To a laboratory scientist or a biochemist there may be important advantages; however, to the practicing physician there are none. Furthermore, I can see nothing that will benefit the sick
Somewhere under the iceberg
Authors: P. L. White
Journal: JAMA (1976)

RECENT criticism of the nutritional care of hospitalized patients may have irked physicians who feel that the medical profession receives enough criticism as it is. We know of a number of hospitals that have responded by reevaluating their own patient-monitoring practices to ensure that the episodes reported will not be repeated. Hopefully, the frank discussions of malnutrition in American hospitals will result in positive remedial action rather than negative reaction. The AMA Council on Foods and Nutrition strongly recommends the formation of hospital nutrition committees and petitioned the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Hospitals to support the recommendation. A splendid working model of a nutrition support service has been described by George L. Blackburn, MD.<sup>1</sup> The dramatic examples of iatrogenic malnutrition made challenging subject histories. In the case of the articles by C. E. Butterworth, MD, they also made embarrassing headlines.<sup>2,3</sup>We suspect that the examples cited were
PELLAGRA IN EGYPT
Journal: JAMA (1920)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Oral Contraceptives and Thromboembolic Disease
Authors: M. P. Vessey
Journal: JAMA (1972)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Drill and Calhoun make a number of criticisms of the paper by Inman et al.<sup>1</sup>In that study, data for products containing ethinyl estradiol and those for products containing mestranol were analyzed separately, and a relationship between dose and thromboembolic risk was found for both estrogens individually. The fact that no statistically significant difference in risk could be demonstrated between products containing equal doses of the two estrogens, despite the belief that ethinyl estradiol is a more potent inhibitor of ovulation than mestranol, was not unexpected since comparisons between the two estrogens were based on very small numbers and an appreciable difference between them could easily have been missed. Apart from this, we see no reason why the potency of an estrogen as measured by its ability to inhibit ovulation should necessarily be correlated with its thrombogenicity. The statistical criticisms of the study by Inman et
Real-world effectiveness of sofosbuvir/velpatasvir/voxilaprevir as a hepatitis C virus infection salvage treatment
Authors: Naveed Janjua, James Wilton, Darrel Cook, Stanley Wong, Zahid Butt, Sofia Bartlett, Dr. Margo Pearce, Alnoor Ramji, Eric Yoshida, Amanda Yu, Maria Alvarez, Mawuena Binka, Mel Krajden
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2020)
International editions of JAMA and the AMA specialty journals. 'Perpetuum motum in circula'
Authors: A. Flanagin
Journal: JAMA (1993)

To many<i>JAMA</i>readers, the word<i>circulation</i>carries a simple physiologic meaning—blood's natural flow through the body. To medical philosophers and historians, grander thoughts arise—Aristotle's cosmic fall and return of rain, medieval descriptions of vessels distributing spirits and nourishment throughout the body, alchemists' theories of cooling the hot blood, and of course, William Harvey's<i>perpetuum sanguinis motum in circula</i>(perpetual motion of blood in a circle).<sup>1,2</sup>Mention the same word to editors and publishers, and the nomenclature takes even another, but mundane, turn—the distribution of printed material. No doubt many readers will think, how dull are the processes of information dissemination and journal distribution compared with the clinical aspects of systole and diastole. And yet, the medical nomenclature of circulation is a useful allegory for the term as it is used in the publishing industry. The vital force of life is blood, and the vital force of scientific publication
Abstract 9896: Reassessing Risk Factors for High Defibrillation Threshold: The EF-SAGA Risk Score and Implications for Device Testing
Authors: Michael J Shih, Siddharth Kakodkar, Yousef Kaid, Jonathan Hassel, Santi Yarlagadda, Louis Fogg, Christopher Madias, Kousik Krishnan, Richard G Trohman
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Background: Controversy exists over routine defibrillation threshold (DFT) testing during implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) placement. The aim of this study was to reevaluate risk factors for high DFT and propose a risk assessment tool. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 1642 consecutive patients who received an ICD and underwent DFT testing. Results: The incidence of high DFT requiring addition of a subcutaneous array was 2.3%. Five significant independent variables predictive of high DFT were identified including younger age, male gender (hazard ratio 1.99), LV dysfunction, secondary prevention (hazard ratio 2.33), and amiodarone use (hazard ratio 2.39). Each 10 year increase in age was indicative of a 0.35 times lower chance of high DFT. Each 10% increase of LV EF was indicative of a 0.52 times lower chance of high DFT. These five variables form the EF-SAGA risk score (LV EF less than 20%, Secondary prevention ICD indication, Age less than 60 years, male Gender, Amiodarone use). Cumulative risk of high DFT increased incrementally; patients with four or more variables had an 8.9% likelihood of high DFT (Figure 1). Importantly, primary prevention patients with LV EF &gt;20% had a negative predictive value for high DFT of 99.3%. Conclusions: In conclusion, we identified five independent predictors of high DFT. We propose the EF-SAGA risk score to help decision making. Primary prevention patients with an LV EF &gt;20% had an exceedingly low incidence of high DFT suggesting that testing could be avoided in these patients. Careful assessment of the risk-benefit ratio of testing is important in high-risk patients.
Induction of Resistance to Sarcoma 180 in Mice
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Fatigue and chills in a 60-year-old hypertensive alcoholic
Authors: P. A. Kosovsky
Journal: JAMA (1986)

<h3>History</h3> A 60-year-old woman with a history of alcohol abuse and hypertension presented to the emergency room because of increasing fatigue and shaking chills. Her temperature was 39.7°C (103.4°F) and her blood pressure was 90/60 mm Hg. Tenderness was present in the left upper and lower quadrants of the abdomen with guarding. Crepitus was noted along the left lateral side of the abdominal wall. Laboratory findings included a white blood cell count of 20 000/mm<sup>3</sup>(20.0×10<sup>9</sup>/L) with a leftward shift, abnormal results on liver function tests, anemia, a serum urea nitrogen concentration of 44 mg/ dL (15.5 mmol/L), and a creatinine level of 1.6 mg/dL (140 μmol/L), in addition to a prolonged prothrombin time. Roentgenograms of the abdomen and chest were obtained (Fig 1). <h3>Diagnosis</h3> Pneumoretroperitoneum, pneumomediastinum, and subcutaneous emphysema secondary to sigmoid diverticulitis with extraperitoneal perforation. A plain x-ray film of the abdomen showed a calcified
THE PHAGOCYTIC ACTION OF GIANT CELLS IN TUBERCULOSIS.
Journal: JAMA (1896)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Newborn Screening for Sickle Cell Disease and Other Hemoglobinopathies
Journal: JAMA (1987)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Infections with Herpes Simplex Viruses
Authors: Lawrence Corey, Patricia G. Spear
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1986)

The Clinical Spectrum of HSV InfectionsHerpes simplex virus (HSV) has been isolated from nearly all visceral and mucocutaneous sites. The clinical manifestations and course of HSV infections depend on the anatomic site of the infection, the age and immune status of the host, and the antigenic type of the virus. First episodes of HSV disease, especially primary infections — that is, first infections with either HSV-1 or HSV-2 in which the host lacks HSV antibodies in acute-phase serum — are frequently accompanied by systemic signs and symptoms, involve both mucosal and extramucosal sites, are characterized by a longer duration . . .
Mutational Landscape and Patterns of Clonal Evolution in Relapsed Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Authors: Esmé Waanders, Zhaohui Gu, Stephanie M. Dobson, Željko Antić, Jeremy Chase Crawford, Xiaotu Ma, Michael N. Edmonson, Debbie Payne-Turner, Maartje van de Vorst, Marjolijn C.J. Jongmans, Irina McGuire, Xin Zhou, Jian Wang, Lei Shi, Stanley Pounds, Deqing Pei, Cheng Cheng, Guangchun Song, Yiping Fan, Ying Shao, Michael Rusch, Kelly McCastlain, Jiangyan Yu, Ruben van Boxtel, Francis Blokzijl, Ilaria Iacobucci, Kathryn G. Roberts, Ji Wen, Gang Wu, Jing Ma, John Easton, Geoffrey Neale, Scott R. Olsen, Kim E. Nichols, Ching-Hon Pui, Jinghui Zhang, William E. Evans, Mary V. Relling, Jun J. Yang, Paul G. Thomas, John E. Dick, Roland P. Kuiper, Charles G. Mullighan
Journal: Blood Cancer Discovery (2020)

<h3></h3> Relapse of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) remains a leading cause of childhood cancer-related death. Prior studies have shown clonal mutations at relapse often arise from relapse-fated subclones that exist at diagnosis. However, the genomic landscape, evolutionary trajectories, and mutational mechanisms driving relapse are incompletely understood. In an analysis of 92 cases of relapsed childhood ALL incorporating multimodal DNA and RNA sequencing, deep digital mutational tracking, and xenografting to formally define clonal structure, we identied 50 significant targets of mutation with distinct patterns of mutational acquisition or enrichment. <i>CREBBP, NOTCH1</i>, and RAS signaling mutations arose from diagnosis subclones, whereas variants in <i>NCOR2, USH2A</i>, and <i>NT5C2</i> were exclusively observed at relapse. Evolutionary modeling and xenografting demonstrated that relapse-fated clones were minor (50%), major (27%), or multiclonal (18%) at diagnosis. Putative second leukemias, including those with lineage shift, were shown to most commonly represent relapse from an ancestral clone rather than a truly independent second primary leukemia. A subset of leukemias prone to repeated relapse exhibited hypermutation driven by at least three distinct mutational processes, resulting in heightened neoepitope burden and potential vulnerability to immunotherapy. Finally, relapse-driving sequence mutations were detected prior to relapse using droplet digital PCR at levels comparable with orthogonal approaches to monitor levels of measurable residual disease. These results provide a genomic framework to anticipate and circumvent relapse by earlier detection and targeting of relapse-fated clones. <h3>Significance:</h3> This study defines the landscape of mutations that preexist and arise after commencement of ALL therapy and shows that relapse may be propagated from ancestral, major, or minor clones at initial diagnosis. A subset of cases exhibit hypermutation that results in expression of neoepitopes that may be substrates for immunotherapeutic intervention. <i>See related video:</i>https://vimeo.com/442838617 <i>See related commentary by Ogawa, p. 21</i>. <i>See related article by S. Dobson et al</i>. <i>This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 5</i>
The adaptive imbalance in base excision-repair enzymes generates microsatellite instability in chronic inflammation
Authors: Lorne J. Hofseth, Mohammed A. Khan, Mark Ambrose, Olga Nikolayeva, Meng Xu-Welliver, Maria Kartalou, S. Perwez Hussain, Richard B. Roth, Xiaoling Zhou, Leah E. Mechanic, Irit Zurer, Varda Rotter, Leona D. Samson, Curtis C. Harris
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2004)
Hypnosis and smoking
Authors: S. B. Cohen
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Continuallyccumulating data<sup>1</sup>link smoking with a significant increase in morbidity and mortality in a variety of disease states. Many efforts have been and are being made to induce individuals to eliminate or reduce smoking. Hypnosis has been one of the psychological treatment methods espoused. Theoretically the hypersuggestibility inherent in hypnosis should make it an ideal vehicle for removal of an unwanted, undesirable, bad habit. Pragmatically, however, we must ask the following: How well does it work? What place does it have in the treatment of people who desire to stop smoking? For consideration two sets of data are presented: first, a survey of the literature; and second, findings from the use of hypnosis on ten patients, most with serious medical illness, who were specifically referred to a psychiatrist for assistance in stopping their smoking. <h3>Literature Survey</h3> While considering the scientific basis for anecdotal hypnotic cures, I studied the world medical
Abstract 5930: The Effect of Spironolactone on Myocardial Structure and Function Measured by Echocardiography in Patients with Early Stage Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Nicola C Edwards, Richard P Steeds, Charles J Ferro, John N Townend
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Introduction Early stage chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated both with a high rate of adverse cardiovascular events and abnormal myocardial structure and function. Activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system is common in CKD and may result in adverse inflammatory, fibrotic and hypertrophic effects upon the heart and vasculature. Treatment with ACE inhibitors and ARBs frequently fails to suppress aldosterone production. We hypothesized that addition of the aldosterone antagonist spironolactone to ACE Inhibitors and ARB’s might reduce left ventricular (LV) mass and improve systolic and diastolic function measured by echocardiography. Methods One hundred and seventeen patients with stage 2 and 3 CKD, controlled hypertension (&lt;130/85mmHg) and no history of cardiovascular disease or diabetes were recruited in to a double blind placebo controlled trial. After an active 4 week run in of spironolactone 25mg daily, patients were randomized to continue this treatment or receive placebo for a further 36 weeks. Echocardiographic assessment of LV mass, systolic and diastolic LV function was performed before run in and after 40 weeks of treatment. Results Compared to placebo, spironolactone reduced LV mass (mean (SD) −10g ± 10 vs.+3g ± 13, p&lt;0.01). There was an improvement in LV Tei Index (−0.08 ± 0.1 vs. −0.001 ± 0.1, p&lt;0.01) and mean basal long axis annular systolic velocities (Sm +1.4cm/s ± 1.9 vs. +0.1cm/s ± 1.1, p&lt;0.01) but no difference in ejection fraction (+3% ± 5 vs.+2% ± 7). Transmitral E/A filing ratio (E/A +0.3 ± 0.3 vs −0.02 ± 0.2, p&lt;0.05), basal annular early myocardial diastolic velocities (Ea +0.5cm/s ± 2.1 vs. −0.3cm/s ± 2.1, p&lt;0.05), E/Ea ratio (−0.7 ± 1.9 vs. 0.1 ± 2.0, p&lt;0.05), and colour flow propogation velocities (+8.7 ± 16.3 vs. −0.1 ± 16.6, p&lt;0.05) were all improved. Systolic blood pressure was reduced with spironolactone but was not an independent predictor of change in any echocardiographic parameters. Conclusion Treatment with spironolactone reduced LV mass and improved both systolic and diastolic LV function. These data suggest that aldosterone plays an important role in cardiovascular disease in CKD and provides support for a clinical outcome trial investigating the use of aldosterone inhibitors to reduce cardiovascular risk.