tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Disease of the Ear.
Journal: JAMA (1913)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Effects of Coumestrol on Estrogen Receptor Function and Uterine Growth in Ovariectomized Rats
Authors: Barry M. Markaverich, Brett Webb, Charles L. Densmore, Rebecca R. Gregory
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1995)

Isoflavonoids and related compounds such as coumestrol have classically been categorized as phytoestrogens because these environmentally derived substances bind to the estrogen receptor (ER) and increase uterine wet weight in immature rats and mice. Assessment of the binding affinities of isoflavonoids for ER and subsequent effects on uterine growth suggest these compounds are less active estrogens than estradiol and therefore may reduce the risk of developing breast or prostate cancer in humans by preventing estradiol binding to ER. With the renewed interest in the relationships between environmental estrogens and cancer cause and prevention, we assessed the effects of the phytoestrogen coumestrol on uterotropic response in the immature, ovariectomized rat. Our studies demonstrated that in this animal model, coumestrol is an atypical estrogen that does not stimulate uterine cellular hyperplasia. Although acute (subcutaneous injection) or chronic (multiple injection or orally via drinking water) administration of coumestrol significantly increased uterine wet and dry weights, the phytoestrogen failed to increase uterine DNA content. The lack of true estrogenic activity was characterized by the inability of this phytoestrogen to cause cytosolic ER depletion, nuclear ER accumulation, or the stimulation of nuclear type II sites which characteristically precede estrogenic stimulation of cellular DNA synthesis and proliferation. In fact, subcutaneous or oral coumestrol treatment caused an atypical threefold induction of cytosolic ER without corresponding cytosolic depletion and nuclear accumulation of this receptor, and this increased the sensitivity of the uterus to subsequent stimulation by estradiol.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
CXCL11-dependent induction of FOXP3-negative regulatory T cells suppresses autoimmune encephalomyelitis
Authors: Yaniv Zohar, Gizi Wildbaum, Rostislav Novak, Andrew L. Salzman, Marcus Thelen, Ronen Alon, Yiftah Barsheshet, Christopher L. Karp, Nathan Karin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2018)

The Editors recently posted an Expression of Concern for this article due to duplication of some of the flow cytometry plots in Figures 5C and7A (1).The authors have completed three replicate experiments for the panels in question, and the updated findings appear below.The revised experiments were conducted by Yaniv Zohar, and the analysis was completed independently in a blinded fashion.
Pediatrics
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1947)

THE justification for considering pediatrics a specialty does not arise from its concern with a particular type of disease or with the special technics necessary to deal with a particular region of the body, but rather from the nature of its patients, who are distinguished by an outstanding characteristic — they are constantly growing. The aim of the pediatrician is to assist, to the limit of his abilities, this process of growth so that his patient may increase "in wisdom and in stature." Thus, the basic goal of pediatrics is preventive, although it is concerned with curative medicine and surgery, . . .
The Mother's Encyclopedia
Journal: JAMA (1935)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
THE MIGRATORY NEEDLE STORY.
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Recommended designations for radicals
Journal: JAMA (1970)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Screening for Prostate Cancer
Authors: William J. Catalona
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —The article by Dr Krahn and colleagues<sup>1</sup>on screening for prostate cancer is misleading and cannot be applied to the average prostate cancer patient. The study perpetuates erroneous assumptions, questionable utilities, and flawed data on rates of metastases, mortality, and treatment complications used in decision analytic studies of prostate cancer.<sup>2</sup>Many of the data are outdated and precede the recent use of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) for screening, thus underestimating the sensitivity of this test. Recent studies also have shown a stage shift from 35% curable cancer in unscreened men to 70% to 85% curable cancer in screened populations.<sup>3</sup> By basing the analysis solely on the study by Johansson et al,<sup>4</sup>Krahn et al substantially underestimate the lethal potential of prostate cancer. The population in the study by Johansson et al contained a disproportionate number of elderly men with less aggressive cancers. These men
Fighting cancer by disrupting C-terminal methylation of signaling proteins
Authors: Steven Clarke, Fuyuhiko Tamanoi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2004)

Protein methylation at the C-terminus of mammalian isoprenylated proteins has been implicated in membrane attachment, protein-protein interactions, and protein stability. A new paper describes surprising results: in the absence of methylation some target proteins have increased stability, whereas others have decreased stability. The decreased stability of the RhoA protein is correlated with an increased resistance to Ras-dependent transformation and suggests the basis for the development of a new approach to antitumor therapy .
Simple gifts
Authors: M. T. Southgate
Journal: JAMA (1981)

TO DELIVER a convocation address is an occasion of grave temptation: for example, I am tempted to tell you everything I wish I had known when I was a freshman medical student. Worse even, I am tempted to tell you everything I think you should know, to wrap it, ribbon it, and present it to you in one neat little package that you can open from time to time and extract whatever sweet you may desire at the moment. But this would be a mistake. It would be, perhaps to save you a little pain, but it would also rob you of the greatest joy that comes from discovery. Certain things cannot be taught by telling—they must be experienced. And so I am not going to tell<i>you</i>anything. I am simply going to unwind a few threads from my own skein and let you weave them into the fabric
The role of prolonged esophageal pH monitoring in the diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux
Authors: S. M. Fink
Journal: JAMA (1984)

To reassess 24-hour esophageal monitoring and determine if shorter time periods might retain its diagnostic benefits, we studied 16 gastroesophageal reflux (GER) patients and eight controls. Esophageal pH monitoring was performed for 24 hours, with patients in an upright position during the day and supine when retiring. During the 24-hour pH monitoring period, the mean percentage time that pH was less than 4.0 in GER patients, 13.2%± 2.9% (SEM), was significantly higher than in normal subjects, 0.7% ±0.2% (SEM). Analysis of individual data indicated clear separation of GER patients from normal subjects when in the upright posture, but 25% of GER patients were within the range of the normal subjects when supine (overnight). Three-hour time periods after meals were analyzed. Postprandial pH monitoring, when compared with 24-hour pH monitoring, can identify GER with a 77% sensitivity and a 96% specificity. A 12-hour period (four hours after the dinner meal and eight hours supine) can identify GER with a 94% sensitivity and a 100% specificity. We conclude that (1) 24-hour pH monitoring of the esophagus may have a continuing role in research aspects of GER, (2) 12-hour pH monitoring is a highly accurate test that could be adapted to patients' work schedules or to outpatient telemetry, and (3) post-prandial pH testing is a practical, less expensive, and accurate method of diagnosing GER that could be utilized by any gastroenterology diagnostic unit. (<i>JAMA</i>1984;252:1160-1164)
Utility of magnetic resonance elastography in accurate identification of candidates for pharmacologic treatment of NASH related fibrosis: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Jinho Jung, Rohan Loomba, Kento Imajo, Egbert Madamba, Sanil Gandhi, Ricki Bettencourt, Seema Singh, Carolyn Hernandez, Mark Valasek, Cynthia Behling, Kathryn Fowler, Lisa Richards, Atsushi Nakajima, Claude Sirlin, Rohit Loomba
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2020)
BOOK REVIEWS
Authors: J. ORTALDO
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1991)

BOOK REVIEWS Get access Natural Killer Cells: Biology and Clinical Application . Reinholdt E. Schmidt . Basel : Karger , 1990 , 318 pp. $237. JOHNR ORTALDO JOHNR ORTALDO Laboratory of Experimental Immunology NCI-Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center Biological Response Modifiers Program National Cancer InstituteBldg 560, Rm 31-93 Frederick, MD 21702 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 83, Issue 9, 1 May 1991, Page 646, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/83.9.646 Published: 01 May 1991
Screening for hematuria
Authors: Perry A. Lambird
Journal: JAMA (1990)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The conclusion by Woolhandler et al that urine screening for hematuria and proteinuria is inappropriate is not justified.<sup>1</sup>The opposite conclusion can be drawn from the data. Considering only hematuria from population-based studies (Table 1 in the article by Woolhandler et al<sup>1</sup>), the following cost table may be constructed. Estimates are derived from our local health and liability carrier experience. Screening costs Screening 123172 individuals × $3 = $369 516 Workups 1222 × $500 = $611 000 Complications of workups: Operations—1222 × 0.2% × $10 000 = $24 440 Renal failure—1222 × 0.15% × 10 000 = $18 330 Deaths (malpractice settlement)— 1222 × 0.002% × $1 000 000 = $24 400 Total = $1047 726 Malpractice costs of failure to screen (significant disease present but failure to diagnose) 1222 × 1.5% (documented rate) × $400 000 (average failure to diagnose settlement) = $7 332 000 1222 × 0.5% (estimated occurrence rate) × $400
Reprint practices
Authors: J. P. Greenhill
Journal: JAMA (1971)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Bates and Mulinare (<b>214</b>:2173,1970) put an undeserved onus on the physician for being reluctant to use screening tests. Someplace in their article the authors might have pointed out that the physicians' intuitive reluctance was worthwhile. Since the screening tests have only 95% confidence limits,<sup>1</sup>in a panel of 20 tests there is a 60% chance than one will be spuriously abnormal in a normal patient. Unfortunately, performing more and more tests will<i>not</i>discover more and more unsuspected diseases. Hence, when there is a clinical indication for the test, its interpretation is more likely to be accurate. We should all be wary of the latest nondisease, idiopathic screenopathy.
West Nile Virus
Authors: Lyle R Petersen, Anthony A Marfin, Duane J Gubler
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Local Prophylactic Chemotherapy for Burns Treated with Tulle Gras and by the Exposure Methods
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Antibodies to tumor necrosis factor alfa attenuate hepatic necrosis and inflammation caused by chronic exposure to ethanol in the rat
Authors: Y Iimuro
Journal: Hepatology (1997)

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)α, a pivotal cytokine involved in inflammation, is produced primarily by Kupffer cells in the liver. It has been shown that inactivation of Kupffer cells prevents alcohol-induced liver injury; therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine if neutralizing anti-TNF-α antibody is also effective. Male Wistar rats were exposed to ethanol (11 to 12 g · kg-1 · d-1) continuously for up to 4 weeks via intragastric feeding using an enteral feeding model. Before ethanol exposure, polyclonal anti-mouse TNF-α rabbit serum was injected (2.0 mg/kg intravenously). There were no significant differences in body weight, mean ethanol concentration, or cyclic patterns of ethanol in urine when ethanol-and ethanol plus antibody-treated groups were compared. Expression of TNF- α and macrophage inflammatory protein 2 (MIP-2) messenger RNA (mRNA), determined using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, was three- to four-fold higher in livers of ethanol-treated rats than in those of rats fed an ethanol-free, high-fat control diet. In addition, MIP-2 levels were also elevated when detected by Northern blot analysis. Anti-TNF-α antibody did not affect expression of mRNA for interleukin (IL) 1α, IL-6, transforming growth factor β1, or TNF-α. However, MIP-2 mRNA expression, which is regulated by TNF-α, was decreased significantly by anti-TNF-α antibody treatment. Serum aspartate transaminase levels were elevated in ethanol-treated rats to 136 ± 12 IU/L after 4 weeks but only reached 90 ± 5 IU/L (P < .05) in rats treated with anti-TNF-α antibody. The hepatic inflammation and necrosis observed in ethanol-fed rats were attenuated significantly by antibody treatment, and steatosis was not. These results support the hypothesis that TNF-α plays an important role in inflammation and necrosis in alcohol-induced liver injury and that treatment with anti-TNF-α antibody may be therapeutically useful in this disease.
Ulcer Pathogenesis
Authors: Gastrointestinal Hikihl, U Wolters, U Peitz, B Tillenburg, M Stolte, G Borsch, J Labenz, H Pylori, E Pasechrikov
Journal: Gut (1995)

Aim: The study was designed to evaluate the pathogenetic importance of Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection in patients presenting with upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding.Methods: In an ongoing prospective study, all patients presenting with symptoms and signs of an upper gastrointestinal bleeding were included.Patients were investigated clinically including a structured interview and endoscopically.The HP status was assessed by means of an urease test, culture and histology.Drug therapy, endoscopic treatment and surgical interventions were done following clinical standards.Results: Up to now, 39 patients have been included.In all cases, the source of bleeding could be identified on emergency endoscopy: duodenal ulcer (DU): n=16, gastric ulcer (GU): n=7, esophagitis: n=5, esophageal varices: n=1, gastric varices: n=1, Mallory-Weiss tear n=1, diffuse hemorrhagic gastropathy: n=2, miscellaneous: n=6.Overall, 26 patients were infected with HP (67%; 95%-Cl: 50%-81%) that was either causally (ulcer disease after exclusion of patients on ulcerogenic drugs) in 12 patients (31%; 95%-C: 17%- 48%) or co-causally (HP positive plus treatment with ulcerogenic drugs) linked to the source of bleeding in 7 patients (18%; 95%-Cl: 8%-34%).Nineteen out of 23 ulcer patients were infected with HP (83% [95%-CI: 61%-95%1; DU: 14/16 [87.5%];GU: 517 [71%l).HP negative ulcers were associated with either intake of NSAIDs (n=2), liver cirrhosis (n=1), or stress (n=l).Conclusions: About two thirds of patients presenting with upper GI bleeding are infected with H.pylori that was either causally linked to the source of bleeding (peptic ulcer HP +ve/NSAID -ve) in 31% of subjects or may have played a co-causal role (peptic ulcer.HP +velNSAID +ve) in another 18% of patients.Thus, consequent and effective treatment of HP infection may also result in a considerable decline of the incidence of upper GI hemorrhage.
Estimation of Gene Frequency and Test for Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium in the HLA System
Authors: Masaaki Matsuura, Shinto Eguchi
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1990)

This paper concerns the testing for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and the estimation of gene frequency in the human leukocyte antigens (HLA) system. An extensive simulation study for both testing and estimation is given for investigating the performance of the projection method by Eguchi and Matsuura, which has a closed form, and the method is asymptotically equivalent to the maximum likelihood method. We compare our projection test statistic with the likelihood ratio test and the single degree of freedom chi-square test suggested by Nam and Gart. Actual mean square errors of the projection estimator of gene frequency under the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium are compared with the maximum likelihood estimator and some other estimators recently discussed by Nam.