tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Lister as I Knew Him.
Journal: JAMA (1927)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Peritoneal Dialysis for Psoriasis: A Controlled Study
Authors: FREDERICK C. WHITTIER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1983)

Sham and real trials of peritoneal dialysis were carried out in a double-blind crossover study design to test the efficacy of peritoneal dialysis as a treatment for psoriasis. The criteria for patients included having severe plaquetype psoriasis unresponsive to all conventional therapy including methotrexate. Patients were randomly assigned to 4 weeks of sham or real dialysis, 8 weeks of observation, 4 weeks of alternative real or sham dialysis and 8 weeks of observation. Topical therapy was continued during the trial. Real dialysis was done for 48 hours weekly with 1.5-hour cycle times and 2-litre exchanges by machine. Sham peritoneal dialysis was done recycling the same 2 litres of 1.5% continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis fluid with 1.5-hour cycle times for 48 hours weekly. After real dialysis, two patients completely cleared, two patients had greater than 75% clearing, and one patient had no substantial response. None of the five patients had a response to the sham dialysis procedure (p < 0.01).
Are reperfusion therapies of acute mycocardial infarction impacting the community? A population based study in Olmsted County, MN Veronique L. Roger, Steven J. Jacobsen, Susan Weston, Tauqir Y. Goraya, Thomas E. Kottke, Robert L. Frye, Barbara P. Yawn, Guy S. Reeder. Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Nkx2-5 mutation causes anatomic hypoplasia of the cardiac conduction system
Authors: Patrick Y. Jay, Brett S. Harris, Colin T. Maguire, Antje Buerger, Hiroko Wakimoto, Makoto Tanaka, Sabina Kupershmidt, Dan M. Roden, Thomas M. Schultheiss, Terrence X. O’Brien, Robert G. Gourdie, Charles I. Berul, Seigo Izumo
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2004)

Heterozygous mutations of the cardiac transcription factor Nkx2-5 cause atrioventricular conduction defects in humans by unknown mechanisms. We show in KO mice that the number of cells in the cardiac conduction system is directly related to Nkx2-5 gene dosage. Null mutant embryos appear to lack the primordium of the atrioventricular node. In Nkx2-5 haploinsufficiency, the conduction system has half the normal number of cells. In addition, an entire population of connexin40–/connexin45+ cells is missing in the atrioventricular node of Nkx2-5 heterozygous KO mice. Specific functional defects associated with Nkx2-5 loss of function can be attributed to hypoplastic development of the relevant structures in the conduction system. Surprisingly, the cellular expression of connexin40, the major gap junction isoform of Purkinje fibers and a putative Nkx2-5 target, is unaffected, consistent with normal conduction times through the His-Purkinje system measured in vivo. Postnatal conduction defects in Nkx2-5 mutation may result at least in part from a defect in the genetic program that governs the recruitment or retention of embryonic cardiac myocytes in the conduction system.
Abstract MP084: Associations of Left Ventricular Structure and Function in Early Adulthood With Incident Adverse Geometry and Systolic Dysfunction in Middle Age: the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study
Authors: Amanda M Perak, Laura A Colangelo, Anderson C Armstrong, Samuel S Gidding, Cora E Lewis, Joao Lima, Kiang J Liu, Jared P Reis, Pamela J Schreiner, Stephen Sidney, Donald M Lloyd-Jones
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: Cardiac remodeling occurs across the lifespan and predicts clinical outcomes. We hypothesized that inter-individual variability in left ventricular (LV) structure and function parameters in early adulthood would be independently associated with incident adverse LV geometry and ejection fraction (EF) &lt;50% in middle age. Methods: We included CARDIA participants with echocardiograms at study years (Y) 5, 25, and 30. Geometry and EF analyses included only participants free of the outcome at Y5 (i.e., normal geometry or EF≥50%, respectively). We assessed associations of indexed Y5 LV parameters, including end-systolic (ESD/ht) and -diastolic (EDD/ht) dimensions, mass (M/ht 2.7 ), septal and posterior wall thicknesses, and EF, with incident Y30 adverse geometry (defined as LV concentric remodeling [CR], concentric hypertrophy [cLVH], or eccentric hypertrophy [eLVH]) and EF &lt;50%. We used multivariate polytomous (for geometry) or dichotomous (for EF) logistic regression, adjusting for demographics, heart rate, and cumulative (Y5-Y25) clinical risk factor burden. Results: Participants (N=2335) were 56% female, 44% black, and ages 23 to 35 and 48 to 60 in Y5 and Y30, respectively. With increasing age across the 3 study echocardiograms (Y5, Y25, and Y30), unadjusted mean LV M/ht 2.7 and EDD/ht generally increased, while ESD/ht and EF changed minimally. Y5 LV ESD/ht and M/ht 2.7 were most consistently associated with the odds for incident abnormalities in Y30 LV geometry and EF (Table). For example, Y5 LV ESD/ht and M/ht 2.7 were each associated with incident eLVH by Y30 (OR 1.48 [1.25-1.74] and 1.55 [1.28-1.88] per 1 SD increment, respectively). Y5 ESD/ht was also associated with EF &lt;50% by Y30 (OR 1.84 [1.46-2.31]). Conclusions: In young adults with categorically normal LV geometry and systolic function, inter-individual variation in LV parameters is associated with incident concentric remodeling, hypertrophy, and EF &lt;50% over 25 years, independent of demographics and cumulative clinical risk factor burden.
Landmarks
Authors: Trevor C. Hunt
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2021)

Ad LibitumApril 2021LandmarksTrevor C. Hunt, BATrevor C. Hunt, BABrody School of Medicine, East Carolina University Greenville, North CarolinaSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/M19-3690 Audio Reading - “Landmarks” Audio. Michael A. LaCombe, MD, Annals Associate Editor, reads “Landmarks” by Trevor C. Hunt, BA Your browser does not support the audio element. Audio player progress bar Step backward in current audio track Play current audio trackPause current audio track Step forward in current audio track Mute current audio trackUnmute current audio track 00:00/ SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Age isjust a number, orso they say.Lives fashioned around it,society says there'sno other way.Seeing a movieDriving a carCasting a voteBuying a drinkLandmarks.Senior discountSocial securityRetirement partyLosing the keysLosing the freedom.Landmarks,of another sort.Age isjust a number, orso we think.Labels, assumptions,we've never seenanother way.Over the hillWorse for wearPast their primeFaded and grayIn the way.But are they?We're all guilty,every day, reflexively.Rarely do we stopto askwhy. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University Greenville, North CarolinaCurrent Author Address: Trevor C. Hunt, BA, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, 600 Moye Boulevard, Greenville, NC 27834; e-mail, [email protected]ecu.edu. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement Audio Reading - “Landmarks” Audio. Michael A. LaCombe, MD, Annals Associate Editor, reads “Landmarks” by Trevor C. Hunt, BA Your browser does not support the audio element. Audio player progress bar Step backward in current audio track Play current audio trackPause current audio track Step forward in current audio track Mute current audio trackUnmute current audio track 00:00/ FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics April 2021Volume 174, Issue 4Page: 565 ePublished: 20 April 2021 Issue Published: April 2021 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2021 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
PRECEPTORSHIPS FOR MEDICAL STUDENTS
Journal: JAMA (1926)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A UK-based phase I trial of recombinant modified vaccinia ankara (MVA) vaccine encoding Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) antigens.
Authors: N. M. Steven, K. J. Harrington, L. Lee, H. Jia, M. K. Tanday, C. Roberts, C. Edwards, L. McGuigan, A. G. J. Hartley, M. Viskaduraki, E. P. Hui, A. T. C. Chan, A. B. Rickinson, G. S. Taylor
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

e13028 Background: EBV is harboured in various human cancers despite abundant T cell responses, partly through selective antigen expression in malignant cells. A recombinant virus MVA-EL, encoding two EBV tumour antigens as an EBNA1/LMP2 fusion, was designed to boost immunity in Asian populations for whom EBV+ nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is endemic. A phase I trial extended this application, testing its safety and immunogenicity in UK patients. Methods: Patients with EBV+ cancer, >12 weeks after primary therapy, received 3 intra-dermal vaccinations of MVA-EL at 3-weekly intervals, with dose escalations of 5x107, 1x108, 2x108, 3.3x108 and 5x108pfu. Blood samples were taken at screening, after each vaccine cycle and up to 12 months post-vaccination. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were tested for spot-forming cells (sfc) in interferon (IFN)-gamma ELIspot assays against complete EBNA1 and LMP2 15-mer peptide mixes and against defined epitope peptides selected according to MHC-type. Results: Sixteen patients, all with NPC, participated (n=6, 3, 4, 2 and 1 in successive cohorts). One dose limiting toxicity was observed: a grade 3 injection site reaction in patient 1. The trial closed because of vaccine expiry and because combining data with a parallel trial permitted dose recommendation for phase II. Patients 15 and 16 were not evaluable for immunity. Pre-existing immunity was observed in 11/14 (EBNA1) and 10/14 (LMP2) patients. Immunity increased after vaccination in 7/14 (EBNA1) and 6/14 (LMP2) patients. In 9 patients with paired samples tested against 15-mer mixes, antigen recognition significantly increased from pre-vaccination medians of 80 sfc/106 PBMC (EBNA1) and 77 (LMP2), to post vaccination medians of 139 (EBNA1, p=0.01) and 350 (LMP2, p=0.02). Screening on defined peptides identified individuals mounting both MHC I and II-restricted responses to known epitopes in one or both target antigens. Conclusions: MVA-EL is safe and immunogenic in the UK population. A phase IB trial at 5x108pfu is needed in the UK to characterise immunity in detail at the recommended dose. Acknowledgement: supported by Cancer Research UK.
Healing the Hiroshima maidens: a historic lesson in international cooperation
Authors: M. Gaie
Journal: JAMA (1996)

THE AUGUST 6,1945, atomic bombing of Hiroshima did more than destroy the city and kill at least 100 000 of its inhabitants: it also forever changed the lives of the survivors and their progeny. Years of rebuilding and recriminations followed this single act of destruction. Particularly tragic was the number of civilians who were killed and maimed, many suffering horrifying injuries that handicapped and disfigured them. In 1955, a few compassionate and well-connected Japanese and Americans worked together to heal some of the survivors' physical and psychological wounds, creating in the process lasting bonds of friendship and collegiality that continue to this day. Through a series of diplomatic maneuvers and a few strokes of luck, 25 badly burned young women, the "Hiroshima Maidens," were able to come to the United States for plastic surgery to ameliorate some of the damage done by the bomb. <h3>'Hoping for a Miracle'</h3> Shigeko Niimoto
Official Call
Authors: Charles L. Hudson
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Circulating interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor antagonists in liver disease
Authors: H Tilg
Journal: Hepatology (1993)

The proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor-α are thought to play important roles in the pathophysiology of liver disease. Specific antagonists of these cytokines have been found in recent years. Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist is a specific interleukin-1 antagonist. The soluble receptor derived from the cell-surface p55 tumor necrosis factor receptor p55 is a naturally occurring substance that inhibits the biological effects of tumor necrosis factor. We used specific radioimmunoassays to detect circulating interleukin-1 receptor antagonist and tumor necrosis factor soluble receptor p55 levels in 14 patients with acute viral hepatitis and in 160 patients with various chronic liver diseases. Levels of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist and, especially, tumor necrosis factor soluble receptor were markedly increased in most patients with chronic liver disease regardless of pathogenesis and in viral hepatitis. Patients with chronic liver disease and cirrhosis showed significantly higher levels of both cytokine antagonists than did noncirrhotic patients. Correlations between interleukin-1 receptor antagonist and tumor necrosis factor soluble receptor were more significant than those of either antagonist with C-reactive protein or blood sedimentation rate. Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist and tumor necrosis factor soluble receptor levels were also positively correlated with bilirubin and AST levels. We conclude that circulating levels of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist and tumor necrosis factor soluble receptor may reflect ongoing disease activity and probably modulate some effects of endogenous interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor. (HEPATOLOGY 1993;18:1132-1138).
Congenital cataract
Authors: H. C. Russell, V. McDougall, G. N. Dutton
Journal: BMJ (2011)

<h3><b>Background</b></h3> Functional capacity evaluation (FCE) requires determination of effort by observation of effort indexes for performance interpretation. Waddell signs have been shown to be associated with decreased functional performance. Whether determination of effort by observational criteria and Waddell sign testing can be used interchangeably to interpret lifting performance is unknown. <h3><b>Objective</b></h3> The purposes of this study were to assess the concurrent validity of submaximal effort and Waddell signs and to determine whether these contribute independently to lifting performance. <h3><b>Design</b></h3> This investigation was an analytical cross-sectional study. <h3><b>Methods</b></h3> A total of 130 people who had chronic nonspecific low back pain and were referred for fitness-for-work evaluation were included. Physical effort was determined on the basis of observational criteria for lifting from floor to waist, lifting from waist to shoulder, and horizontal lifting during FCE. A second assessor conducted Waddell sign testing. The concurrent validity of Waddell signs and submaximal effort was assessed by calculating sensitivity and specificity. Hierarchical regression analysis was used to determine the contributions of Waddell signs and submaximal effort to lifting performance. Age and sex were covariates. <h3><b>Results</b></h3> The FCE assessor found a low sensitivity of Waddell signs for submaximal effort determination. Between 53% and 63% of the participants who were classified as showing submaximal effort had Waddell signs. Waddell signs and submaximal effort were independent contributors to lifting performance. The contribution of submaximal effort was larger than that of Waddell signs, as shown by 20% to 29% higher explained variance in lifting performance when submaximal effort was added to the model first versus 3% to 6% higher explained variance when Waddell signs were added first. <h3><b>Limitations</b></h3> Assessor variability could have influenced the study results. <h3><b>Conclusions</b></h3> In people with chronic nonspecific low back pain, Waddell sign testing and determination of physical effort by observational criteria should not be used interchangeably to interpret lifting performance during FCE.
Self-assessment tests. The psychiatric knowledge and skills self-assessment program
Authors: H. T. Carmichael
Journal: JAMA (1970)

It is obviously necessary that there should be maintenance of the professional competence of all physicians who, after the completion of formal undergraduate and graduate medical education, are practicing medicine, whether they are in private practice or active on a hospital or medical school or clinic staff. Without such maintenance of competence, the quality of medical care given to patients cannot be maintained or improved. In fact, it tends to become outdated and eventually deteriorates. So challenging is the information explosion in medicine and the advent of the newest technologies that it is said, with some justice, that the "half-life" of a physician's knowledge and skills is now about ten years. In our consumer-oriented society, what is increasingly called the "quality gap" in medical care has become of critical concern to medicine. At least two state medical societies have required their members to take a stipulated number of hours of
Impact of quality-of-care factors on pediatric intensive care unit mortality
Authors: M. M. Pollack
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To determine the importance of the following care factors previously associated with hospital quality on survival from pediatric intensive care: size of the intensive care unit (ICU), medical school teaching status of the hospital housing the ICU, specialist status (pediatric intensivist), and unit coordination. <h3>Design.</h3> —After a national survey, consecutive case series were collected at 16 sites randomly selected to represent unique combinations of quality-of-care factors. <h3>Setting.</h3> —Pediatric ICUs. <h3>Patients.</h3> —Consecutive admissions to each site. <h3>Main Outcome Measure.</h3> —Patient mortality adjusted for physiologic status, diagnosis, and other mortality risk factors. <h3>Results.</h3> —There were 5415 pediatric ICU admissions and 248 ICU deaths. The ICUs differed significantly with respect to descriptive variables, including mortality (range, 2.2% to 16.4%). Analysis of risk-adjusted mortality indicated that the hospital teaching status and the presence of a pediatric intensivist were significantly associated with a patient's chance of survival. The probability of patient survival after hospitalization in an ICU located in a teaching hospital was decreased (relative odds of dying, 1.79; 95% confidence interval [Cl], 1.23 to 2.61;<i>P</i>=.002). In contrast, the probability of patient survival after hospitalization in an ICU with a pediatric intensivist was improved (relative odds of dying, 0.65; 95% Cl, 0.44 to 0.95;<i>P</i>=.027). Post hoc analysis indicated that the higher severity-adjusted mortality in teaching hospitals may be explained by the presence of residents caring for ICU patients. <h3>Conclusion.</h3> —Characteristics indicative of the best overall hospital quality may not be associated, or may be negatively associated, with quality of care in specialized care areas, including the pediatric ICU. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1994;272:941-946)
Barbiturate withdrawal syndrome in a passively addicted infant
Authors: W. A. Bleyer
Journal: JAMA (1972)

An infant suffered acute episodes of seizures and severe central nervous system hyperirritability during the immediate neonatal period and again at the age of four months. Both attacks developed after abrupt termination of long-term barbiturate exposure. The first followed continuous secobarbital exposure in utero, and the second occurred after separation from the mother, who for weeks had been administering high doses of secobarbital to the infant. The authors believe the patient represents the first recorded case of neonatal barbiturate withdrawal syndrome and that congenital barbiturate addiction is more common than realized.