tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
OCULAR CHANGES IN CHLORPROMAZINE THERAPY
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Chemoprophylaxis for haemophilus influenzae type b.
Journal: BMJ (1991)

recover with time, gaining tolerance of previously offending foods.The foods can then be reintroduced.The timing of this tolerance is variable, ranging from about 18 months to 8 years of age,'6 and different foods may often be tolerated at different ages in one subject.All children studied to date have successfully been reintroduced to virtually all excluded foods without symptoms recurring.Non-infective colitis in children under 1 year of age seems, then, to be predominantly allergic in origin and to follow a similar course to other disorders related to atopy.Parents may be reassured that their children will "grow out of it" and that classic inflammatory bowel disease does not develop later.The serious colonic inflammatory diseases do occur in infancy, however, and infants with bloody diarrhoea require full investigation and a precise diagnosis to be made before treatment is started.
AMA Council Warns Against Unsupervised Dieting to Lower Cholesterol
Journal: JAMA (1962)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
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Authors: Theodorus H. van der Kwast, Laurence Collette, Michel Bolla
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

Such brief follow-up times are inadequate for the assessment of late cardiac toxicity, which does not manifest itself until 10 years or more after treatment. 2We are awaiting the results of several randomized trials in the United States and elsewhere.However, it should be noted that the study design of these trials generally is intended to test the equivalence of APBI with whole-breast irradiation with respect to local control and survival, not its superiority.APBI may allow reduced heart volume exposures in some patients compared to whole breast treatment, but its use must be considered in the context of emerging clinical trial data and appropriate selection, so that patients are not subjected to an increased risk of local recurrence and death from breast cancer.
Health policies in the general election.
Journal: BMJ (1992)

dissatisfaction with outpatient services continues to be the principal source of concern. CONCLUSIONSIn summary, we argue that attitudes derive from complex sets of factors which include actual experience of using health services.But opinion can also be crucially affected by political and peer group cultures.The media can also influence apparent levels of public concern by highlighting specific issues in relation to care or by focusing on other areas such as the efficient use of resources.Such "floating" attitudinal changes might be seen as relatively marginal, accounting probably for less than 10 percentage points.But none the less, they do appear as significant changes and indicate that the media has some power to influence agendas of public concern.The exact nature of the relation is very complex, and in future work we will investigate these links more fully.We will also explore the relative importance of respondents' demographic and socioeconomic characteristics as well as their self reported state of health and recent experience of health services in determining dissatisfaction with the NHS.Material from the omnibus surveys was made available through the Office of Population Censuses and Surveys and was used by permission of the Controller of Her Majesty's Stationery Office.We
Which prostate cancers are undetected by multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging in men with previous prostate biopsy? An analysis from the PICTURE study
Authors: J.M. Norris, L.A.M. Simmons, A. Kanthabalan, A. Freeman, N. Mccartan, C. Moore, S. Punwani, H.C. Whitaker, M. Emberton, H.U. Ahmed
Journal: European Urology (2021)
Vinblastine sulfate vs cyclophosphamide in the therapy for lymphoma
Authors: L. Stutzman
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Vinblastine sulfate therapy and cyclophosphamide therapy were compared in a random fashion in 69 patients with various types of lymphoma in a total of 96 courses of therapy. High initial or "loading" doses were not used and dosage was adjusted at weekly visits according to effect and toxicity. Vinblastine, to which 28 of 33 patients responded, was found to have marked superiority over cyclophosphamide in the control of Hodgkin's disease. However, cyclophosphamide was superior for the therapy of reticulum cell sarcoma and lymphosarcoma, with a response appearing in 12 of 20 patients with these diseases. Toxicity was not a serious problem in these cases. Vinblastine is recommended as the initial chemotherapeutic agent in patients with Hodgkin's disease, unless a prompt response is necessary.
Molecular correlates of the EGFR signaling pathway in association with SWOG S0218: a phase II study of oral EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor OSI-774 (NSC-718781) in patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM)
Authors: L. Garland, C. Rankin, K. Scott, R. Nagle, M. Lobell, D. Gandara, S. Rivkin, W. Samlowski, J. Atkins, E. Borden
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

3007 Background: MPM is a tumor that shows high expression of EGFR. We evaluated OSI-774, a novel EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) in MPM and correlated tumor molecular expression of the EGFR signaling pathway with clinical outcomes. Methods: Chemonaive MPM patients (pts) with PS 0–1, and adequate organ function were treated with continuous oral daily dosing with OSI-774 150 mg. Study endpoints were to estimate 1) 1 year and progression free survival (PFS), response rate, frequency and severity of toxicities; 2) To preliminarily correlate clinical outcome with molecular expression of the EGFR signaling pathway in tumor tissue. Results: 64 pts were enrolled between 5/02 and 4/03; 63 are eligible for analysis. Median age was 69.5 yrs; 47 (75%) were male. 30 pts with measurable disease are evaluable for response. No pts had objective responses; 47% had SD; 43% had PD. Survival data for 63 patients is as follows: There have been 32 deaths; 6 month survival is estimated at 60% (95% confidence interval 48%–73%); PFS is estimated at 28% (95%C.I. 16%–38%) at 6 months. For 60 pts, frequent toxicities were grades 1–3 rash (82%), fatigue (50%), diarrhea (53%), and pruritus (30%). One patient died of grade 5 respiratory failure. Tumor immunohistochemistries (IHC) are below: Conclusions: Lack of phosphorylation of AKT and lack of PTEN expression in the AKT pathway downstream of EGFR may be a mechanism of MPM's clinical resistance to OSI-774. ERK is variably activated among tumors; interestingly, it appears activated in the sarcomatous elements of MPM, suggesting that the ERK signaling pathway is important in the molecular pathogenesis of the more aggressive sarcomatous phenotype of MPM. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Identification of the 37-kd rat liver protein that forms an acetaldehyde adduct in vivo as delta 4-3-ketosteroid 5 beta-reductase
Authors: Y ZHU
Journal: Hepatology (1996)

Acetaldehyde, the first product of alcohol metabolism, is highly reactive. Several proteins have been shown to be covalently modified by acetaldehyde in vivo. We have previously reported the detection of a cytosolic 37-kd protein-acetaldehyde adduct (-AA) in the liver of alcohol-fed rats. The liver extract from an alcohol-fed rat was subjected to 2-dimensional (2D) sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS)-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE), transferred to polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) membrane, and the 37-kd protein-AA spot was digested with trypsin and sequenced for amino acids. Degenerate oligonucleotides corresponding to a peptide sequence of the protein-AA were used as the probe to screen a lambda gt11 rat liver complementary DNA (cDNA) library. A clone that extended to a potential ATG start codon was identified. The open reading frame was 978 nucleotides long, encoding 326 amino acid residues. The sequence matched that of rat liver delta 4-3-ketosteroid 5 beta-reductase. The cloned cDNA was expressed in Escherichia coli using pGEX-KG as the vector. The expressed protein was found to be of correct molecular weight. It reacted with an antibody that recognized the unmodified liver 37-kd protein by Western blotting. Peptide profiles of tryptic- digested recombinant protein and the purified rat liver 37-kd protein were similar and yielded the same peptide sequence. delta 4-3-ketosteroid 5 beta-reductase catalyzes the reduction of key intermediates during bile acid biosynthesis. Whether modification of the 5 beta-reductase by acetaldehyde affects the enzyme activity and bile acid synthesis remains to be studied. (Hepatology 1996 Jan;23(1):115-22)
Molecular epidemiology and the genetics of environmental cancer
Authors: P. G. Shields
Journal: JAMA (1991)

Environmental, occupational, and recreational exposures to carcinogens contribute to cancer risk in humans. Cancer formation is a multistage process involving tumor initiation, promotion, conversion, and progression. Carcinogens can affect any of these stages through genetic and epigenetic mechanisms. The association of a suspected carcinogenic exposure and cancer risk can be studied in populations with classic epidemiologic techniques. However, these techniques are not applicable to the assessment of risk in individuals. Molecular epidemiology, in contrast, is a field that integrates molecular biology, in vitro and in vivo laboratory models, biochemistry, and epidemiology to infer individual cancer risk. Carcinogen-macromolecular adduct levels, and somatic cell mutations can be measured to determine the biologically effective dose of a carcinogen. Molecular epidemiology also explores host cancer susceptibilities, such as carcinogen metabolic activation, DNA repair, endogenous mutation rates, and inheritance of mutated tumor suppressor genes. Substantial interindividual variation for each of these biologic end points has been shown and, therefore, highlights the need for assessing cancer risk on an individual basis. Given the pace of the last decade, it is feasible that the next 10 years will allow molecular epidemiologists to develop a cancer-risk profile for an individual that includes assessment of a number of factors. This will help focus preventive strategies and strengthen quantitative risk assessments. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1991;266:681-687)
Clinical outcomes of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) patients (pts) treated with different new agents (NAs) sequences in post-docetaxel (DOC) setting. An updated analysis from a multicenter Italian study
Authors: O. Caffo, E. Biasco, G. Facchini, L. Fratino, D. Gasparro, C. Mosillo, M. Maruzzo, D. Santini, M. Tucci, C. Ortega, F. Verderame, S. Scagliarini, G. Lo Re, G. Procopio, G. Fornarini, E. Campadelli, R. Sabbatini, F. Maines, U. De Giorgi
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2016)
P1-01-06: Mechanisms of Tumor Immune Escape in Triplenegative Breast Cancers (TNBC) with and without Mutated BRCA 1.
Authors: SE Segerer, M Kapp, JC Hahne, J Dietl, JB Engel
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Background Triplenegative breast cancer (TNBC) is associated with a dismal prognosis, although these tumors are chemosensitive. This phenomenon could be at least in part due to tumor immune escape. The current study investigates the host's immune response to TNBC cells and explores the presence of immunesuppressive factors, such as pAKT-expression and infiltration with FoxP3 positive regulatory T-cells (Tregs), in human TNBC samples. Material and Methods: NK-cell induced lysis of tumor cells was evaluated in human breast cancer cell lines MCF-7 (ER/PR pos.), HCC 1937 (triplenegative, BRCA 1 mutated) and HCC 1806 (triplenegative). Expression of pAKT and infiltration with Tregs was determined by immunehistochemistry and evaluated semiquantatitavely (0 no expression- 3 strong expression). Control groups consisted of: Fibroadenoma (N=6), prohpyhlactic mastectomy (BRCA 1 mutated, N=3), ER/PR + breast cancer (N=13). They were compared with triplenegative breast cancers: N = 9 BRCA wildtype and N = 6 BRCA 1 mutated. Results: At an effector target/target-ratio of 10/1 NK-cell induced lysis in HCC 1937 and HCC 1806 was 2.27 and 4.45 increased, respectively, as compared to MCF 7 cells. No infiltration with Tregs was detected in fibroadenoma and prophylactic mastectomy samples. Infiltration with FoxP3-positive Tregs was 0.92 +/− 0.75 in ER/PR+ breast cancers and 2.66 +/−0.5 (p&amp;lt;0.05) in TNBC and 2.16 +/−0.98 (p&amp;lt;0.05) in TNBC with BRCA mutation, respectively. Expression of pAKT was 1.45 +/− 1.29 in ER/PR + breast cancers and 1.77 +/−1.20 in TNBC and 2.66 +/−0.51 (p&amp;lt;0.05) TNBC/with BRCA mutation. Discussion: TNBC cells stimulated the NK-cell response to a stronger extent than did ER-positive MCF 7 cells mirrored by a more pronounced NK-cell- induced lysis. Thus, the observed stronger infiltration with FoxP3-positive Tregs in TNBC tumor samples could reflect a compensatory mechanism to suppress the host's immune response. In other tumor entities, such as ovarian cancer infiltration with Tregs is associated with a worse overall survival (1). Thus, the significantly increased infiltration with Tregs, could suggest that the worse prognosis of TNBC is due to tumor immune escape and further investigation of immunemodulatory therapeutic strategies in TNBC could prove fruitful. (1) Specific recruitment of regulatory T cells in ovarian carcinoma fosters immune privilege and predicts reduced survival. Curiel TJ, Coukos G, Zou L, Alvarez X, Cheng P, Mottram P, Evdemon-Hogan M, Conejo-Garcia JR, Zhang L, Burow M, Zhu Y, Wei S, Kryczek I, Daniel B, Gordon A, Myers L, Lackner A, Disis ML, Knutson KL, Chen L, Zou W. Nat Med. 2004 Sep;10(9):942–9. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-01-06.
Inflammation, Cholesterol Levels, and Risk of Mortality Among Patients Receiving Dialysis—Reply
Authors: Josef Coresh, Yongmei Liu
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 536: NBTXR3 potentiate cancer-cell intrinsic interferon beta response to radiotherapy
Authors: Maria E Rodriguez-Ruiz, Karsten Pilones, Camille Daviaud, Jeffrey Kraynak, Audrey Darmon, Sebastien Paris, Sandra Demaria
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract NBTXR3 represent first in class functionalized radioenhancer optimized for efficient tumor binding and sustained local permanence after intratumoral injection. Recent results of phase III in locally advanced Soft Tissue Sarcoma patients established the significant clinical benefits of NBTXR3 activated by radiation therapy compared to radiotherapy alone. Moreover, preclinical studies using CT26 cells have demonstrated that NBTXR3 activated by RT can induce an anti-tumor immune-response and the abscopal effect. Radiotherapy (RT) can induce T cell-mediated anti-tumor immune responses by multiple mechanisms which include enhancing the recruitment of Batf3-dependent cross-priming dendritic cells (DCs). The latter is contingent on tumor-intrinsic IFN-I induction by cytosolic dsDNA via cGAS/STING pathway, a process that is regulated by the upregulation of Trex1 in a RT dose-dependent fashion (Nat Commun 2017; 8:15618). Here, we utilized the murine TSA breast cancer cell line to test the hypothesis that NBTXR3 strengthens the pro-immunogenic effect of local RT by potentiating tumor cells IFN-I response. For in vitro experiments, TSA cells were exposed to NBTXR3 (800uM) 16 hours prior to RT delivered by a 220-kV source (SARRP) at a dose rate of 283.2 cGy/min. Secreted IFNb in the supernatants was measured by ELISA. Pre-treatment with NBTXR3 enhanced TSA cell radiosensitivity as determined in clonogenic assays. Cell death, as measured by loss of plasma membrane integrity was accelerated by NBTX3 after irradiation of TSA cells with 6 and 8Gy after 24 hours of treatment. NBTXR3 enhanced the secretion of IFNb by irradiated cells. Data suggest that NBTXR3 may enhance the effectiveness of radiation and improve tumor immunogenicity, likely via the induction of IFN-I. The role of the cGAS/STING pathway in the effects of NBTX3 are under investigation in vitro and in vivo. Citation Format: Maria E Rodriguez-Ruiz, Karsten Pilones, Camille Daviaud, Jeffrey Kraynak, Audrey Darmon, Sebastien Paris, Sandra Demaria. NBTXR3 potentiate cancer-cell intrinsic interferon beta response to radiotherapy [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 536.
Adrenal-to-brain transplants improve the prognosis for Parkinson's disease
Authors: B. Merz
Journal: JAMA (1987)

THE WORD "BREAKTHROUGH" is rearing its head again. This year, it has popped up in descriptions of a radical treatment for Parkinson's disease: the transplantation of tissue from the adrenal medulla to the right caudate nucleus of the brain (Associated Press, 4/16/87). Its evocation is inspired by early reports indicating that the first patients to undergo the procedure on this continent have demonstrated a marked improvement in neurological function. Nonetheless, the surgeons who have performed the procedure caution that neither the mechanism of action nor the long-term effects of the grafts have been identified. Moreover, two graft recipients have died unexpectedly within two months of surgery. The publication by surgeons at the Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico City, of favorable results in two patients (<i>N Engl J Med</i>1987;316:831-834) appears to have stimulated activity among surgeons in the United States. On April 9 and 21, similar operations were performed
Acute Endocarditis
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Regulation of Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor Function in a Human Hepatoma Cell Line
Authors: Alan M. Leichtner, Monty Krieger, Alan L. Schwartz
Journal: Hepatology (1984)

Low density lipoprotein (LDL) processing was investigated in a human hepatoma-derived cell line, Hep G2. Hep G2 cells bound, internalized and degraded LDL via a saturable, high affinity (Kd ˜ 2 x 10 −8 M ) pathway similar to that present in other mammalian cells. Although 80% of the uptake and degradation of 125 I-LDL was inhibited by 40-fold excess native LDL, the same concentration of methylated LDL, which cannot bind to LDL receptors, had virtually no effect on processing. When added at low concentrations, the lysosomotropic agent, chloroquine, inhibited degradation (I 50 −15 μM ) without affecting the rate of lipoprotein internalization. Receptor activity was decreased 60% by preincubation of the cells in medium containing a source of cholesterol (LDL or unesterified cholesterol) and increased 1.7-fold by preincubation with com-pactin, a competitive inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase. The Hep G2 cell line may prove a useful system both for the further study of hepatic lipoprotein metabolism and for the evaluation of new antihypercholesterolemic agents.