tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Primary Cutaneous B-Cell Lymphoma: Review and Current Concepts
Authors: Tomi L. Pandolfino, Richard S. Siegel, Timothy M. Kuzel, Steven T. Rosen, Joan Guitart
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2000)

PURPOSE: Primary cutaneous B-cell lymphoma (PCBCL) has only recently been recognized as a distinct clinical entity. With the advent of improved immunophenotyping and immunogenotyping, increasing numbers of PCBCL cases are being diagnosed. However, there is much confusion regarding the classification, treatment, and prognosis of these patients. The purpose of this article is to review and analyze the available data to provide the clinician with a concise summary of the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of PCBCL. DESIGN: We conducted a thorough review of the medical literature on PCBCL, with a focus on classification, prognosis, and treatment trials. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: PCBCL is defined as a B-cell lymphoma originating in the skin. There is no evidence of extracutaneous disease at presentation and for 6 months after diagnosis, as assessed by adequate staging procedures. Currently, the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer classification is the most concise disease classification scheme, dividing the subtypes of PCBCL by clinical behavior and histopathologic findings. Based on this classification, the most common subtype of PCBCL is follicular center cell lymphoma. PCBCL is generally an indolent form of lymphoma with a good prognosis. Although local cutaneous recurrences are observed in 25% to 68% of patients, dissemination to internal organs is rare. Five-year survival rates typically range from 89% to 96%. A specific subtype, large B-cell lymphoma of the leg, is noted to have a poorer prognosis, with a 5-year survival rate of 58%. Overly aggressive treatment of PCBCL has not been shown to improve survival or prevent relapse. The treatment of choice usually varies depending on the type of PCBCL, the body surface area, and the location of the involvement, as well as the age and general health condition of the patient. The majority of studies indicate that PCBCL is highly responsive to radiation therapy. Polychemotherapy should be reserved for involvement of noncontiguous anatomic sites or those with extracutaneous spread.
Response of plasma and tissue endothelin-1 to liver ischemia and its implication in ischemia-reperfusion injury
Authors: E KAWAMURA
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

This study was designed to investigate the changes in plasma and tissue endothelin-1/endothelin-2 (ET) after liver ischemia and to assess the protective effect of anti-ET 1/ET 2 monoclonal antibody (ET antibody) against ischemia-reperfusion injury. The ET levels in the liver tissue, hepatic venous blood of the ischemic and non-ischemic sides, and in the portal venous blood were measured before and after partial liver ischemia for 1 hour in the adult dog. The ET levels in the liver tissue and hepatic venous blood on the ischemic side increased slightly during ischemia and markedly after reperfusion, whereas those on the nonischemic side showed no significant increases. The ET levels in the portal venous blood peaked at 1 to 3 hours after ischemia, which was significantly higher than the levels in the hepatic venous blood on the ischemic side and which correlated with the portal venous pressure elevated because of the partial liver clamping. The administration of antibody (2 mg/kg, intravenous) before reperfusion resulted in a significant inhibition of the postreperfusion elevations of serum-glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), S-glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT), and the indocyanine green (ICG) dye retention rate. In conclusion, ET was produced both in the liver tissue exposed to ischemia and in the vascular endothelium of the portal bed exposed to portal congestion. The ET released from the vascular endothelium, including the liver and the portal bed, was found to be a possible factor of ischemia-reperfusion injury.
Mallory-Weiss syndrome. A reappraisal
Authors: H. D. Watts
Journal: JAMA (1974)

A review of seven years' experience with upper gastrointestinal bleeding at a large metropolitan hospital showed 36 cases of the Mallory-Weiss lesion (4.5% of all cases of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage during this period). Diagnosis was established with endoscopy or surgery. Nineteen percent of patients with the Mallory-Weiss syndrome required surgery, and only 61% required transfusion. These data suggest that the Mallory-Weiss syndrome has a wider and more benign clinical spectrum than has been reported previously. (<i>JAMA</i>230:1674-1675, 1974)
The esteem of colleagues
Authors: C. D. Aring
Journal: JAMA (1975)

THE DISSENTING statement by Walton Hamilton in the final report of The Committee on the Costs of Medical Care published in 1932<sup>1</sup>was summarized recently in these pages.<sup>2</sup>Hamilton said he believed that aside from the alleviation of suffering, the strongest impulse that moves the physician is the professional motive of winning the esteem of his fellows. Certainly, the latter is a potent motivating force at the outset of a medical career, although it may suffer attrition as life moves along. Hamilton noted that the profession has had to accommodate itself to a world that is largely commercial; through no fault of its own, it had to come to terms with and employ certain pecuniary devices and respond to business incentives. Rather than a collaborative enterprise with enough work and an adequate income for everyone, the tendency was to develop a system of individual business competition in the
Independent risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma in French drinkers
Authors: T Poynard
Journal: Hepatology (1991)

The aim of this study was to assess whether markers of hepatitis B virus or hepatitis C virus infection are independent risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma in drinkers after adjustment for three known risk factors: cirrhosis, age and male sex. Among 2,015 consecutive drinkers admitted, hepatitis C virus antibodies were found by sensitive radioimmunoassay in 1,259. The following five factors have been identified and ranked as risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma in unidimensional and regression analysis: cirrhosis (p < 0.001), age (p < 0.001), male sex (p < 0.001), presence of HBsAg (p < 0.001) and presence of hepatitis C virus antibodies (p < 0.03). Among drinkers with cirrhosis, the patients with hepatocellular carcinoma were older (64 ± 11 yr vs. 56 ± 9 yr; p < 0.001), were more often male (93% vs. 65%; p < 0.0001) and had higher prevalence of HBsAg (9% vs. 2%; p = 0.02) and hepatitis C virus antibodies (41% vs. 26%; p = 0.02). A simple algorithm permitted us to identify a high-risk population of drinkers: the male cirrhotic patient older than 50 yr. The relative risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in this selected population was 17.7 (95% confidence interval = 9.0 to 37.5; p < 0.0001). From a pragmatic point of view, the detection of HBsAg or hepatitis C virus antibodies, although independently associated with hepatocellular carcinoma, is not useful in increasing the diagnostic value of this algorithm because of the poor sensitivity of these tests. The weak relationships observed between hepatitis C virus antibodies and hepatocellular carcinoma needs confirmation by more accurate tests. (HEPATOLOGY 1991;13:896–901.)
AMA-RPS Priorities for 1995-1996
Journal: JAMA (1995)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Effect of glycemic control on early diabetic renal lesions. A 5-year randomized controlled clinical trial of insulin-dependent diabetic kidney transplant recipients
Authors: J. Barbosa
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To determine whether optimized glycemic control in type I diabetic recipients of renal allografts will prevent or delay diabetic renal lesions in the allograft. <h3>Design.</h3> —Prospective, controlled, and randomized trial of glycemic control in an inception cohort of type I diabetic renal allograft recipients. The experimental group underwent maximized glycemic control, and the standard group was treated in the same way as other patients in the transplant clinic. Patients underwent baseline (before transplant) and 5-year posttransplant allograft biopsies. <h3>Setting.</h3> —University of Minnesota Hospital and Clinic and the Clinical Research Center and Hennepin County Medical Center, Minneapolis. <h3>Patients.</h3> —Type I diabetics with terminal diabetic renal failure undergoing renal transplantation. Forty-eight patients randomized to maximized or standard control completed the trial. <h3>Intervention.</h3> —Subcutaneous insulin given several times a day or continuously (maximized group) and once or twice each day (standard group) was used throughout the trial. A significant difference for hemoglobin A1 level was maintained (mean±SD: standard, 0.117±0.013; maximized, 0.096±0.016;<i>P</i>&lt;.001). <h3>Main Outcome.</h3> —The primary end point of this trial was the difference between the groups in renal glomerular mesangial expansion as determined by electron microscopy. <h3>Results.</h3> —There was a more than twofold increase in the volume fraction of mesangial matrix per glomerulus in the standard group (mean±SD, 0.043±0.034) compared with the maximized group (0.019±0.038;<i>P</i>=.024). The threefold increase in arteriolar hyalinosis, the greater widening of the glomerular basement membrane, and increase of volume fraction of the total mesangium in the patients who received standard treatment all approached significance (<i>P</i>=.10 or less). The incidence of severe hypoglycemic episodes was greater in the maximized group (1.7 per patient per year) than in the standard treatment group (&lt;0.1 per patient per year;<i>P</i>&lt;.001). <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —This trial indicates a causal relationship between hyperglycemia and an important lesion of diabetic nephropathy, mesangial matrix expansion, in renal allografts transplanted into diabetic recipients. In addition, the results with other lesions central to the development of diabetic nephropathy support the major conclusion. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1994;272:600-606)
Megaloblastic Anemia
Authors: Victor Herbert
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1963)

MEGALOBLASTIC anemia is the hematologic result of any of a variety of etiologic factors causing improper nucleoprotein synthesis.1 Of these factors by far the most common are deficiencies of vitamin B12 or folate or both. Such deficiencies account for at least 95 per cent of all patients with megaloblastic anemia. The remainder — less than 5 per cent — probably include a number who have inadequate utilization of vitamin B12 or of folic acid, or both, as seemed to be true, at least in part, in a patient with liver disease who had a slight hematologic response to . . .
BOOK REVIEWS
Authors: MATTHEW B. LUBIN
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1991)

BOOK REVIEWS Get access Familial Cancer. Hj. MÜller, W. Weber, eds. Basel: S. Karger, 1985. 292pp., illus. $78.75. MATTHEW B. LUBIN MATTHEW B. LUBIN Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 83, Issue 24, 18 December 1991, Page 1830, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/83.24.1830 Published: 18 December 1991
Varicella Zoster Infection Associated Rhabdomyolysis Demonstrated by Tc-99m MDP Imaging
Authors: PEEYUSH BHARGAVA, CHIRDEEP BHUTANI, QI FENG, ABASS ALAVI, HONGMING ZHUANG
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2003)

Varicella zoster infection is a common disease in young children that usually resolves without severe complications. However, when it occurs in adults, certain rare life-threatening complications can develop. The authors describe varicella infection in an adult complicated by rhabdomyolysis demonstrated by bone scan. Early identification of rhabdomyolysis by bone scan can allow aggressive fluid and antiviral therapy in this setting.
Detection of mitral annular calcium on fast dual spiral computed tomography is associated with advanced coronary artery disease in hypertensive patients Yehuda Adler, Joseph Shemesh, Alexander Tenenbaum, Noam Fink, Boaz Hovav, Enrique Z. Fisman, Michael Motro. Cardiac Rehabilitation, Tel Hashomer, Israel
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
PANCREATIC SECRETION IN MAN
Journal: JAMA (1923)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 2018: Combination therapy with vidaza and entinostat suppresses tumor growth and reprograms the epigenome in an orthotopic lung cancer model
Authors: Nan Li, Marcie J. Grimes, Maria A. Picchi, Hugh D. Mitchell, Christine A. Stidley, Yohannes Tesfaigzi, Meghan M. Channell, Yanbin Liu, Robert A. Casero, Stephen B. Baylin, Mathew D. Reed, Carmen S. Tellez, Thomas H. March, Steven A. Belinsky
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Epigenetic therapy for solid tumors could benefit from an in vivo model that defines tumor characteristics of responsiveness and resistance to facilitate patient selection. Here we report that combining the histone deacetylase inhibitor entinostat with the demethylating agent vidaza profoundly affected growth of K-ras/p53 mutant lung adenocarcinomas engrafted orthotopically in immunocompromised nude rats by targeting and ablating pleomorphic cells that occupied up to 75% of the tumor masses. A similar reduction in tumor burden was seen with epigenetic therapy in K-ras or EGFR mutant tumors growing orthotopically. Increased expression of pro-apoptotic genes and the cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor p21 was seen. Hundreds of genes were demethylated highlighted by the re-expression of polycomb-regulated genes coding for transcription factor binding proteins and the p16 gene, a key regulator of the cell cycle. Highly significant gene expression changes were seen in key regulatory pathways involved in cell cycle, DNA damage, apoptosis, and tissue remodeling. These findings demonstrate the promise for epigenetic therapy in cancer management and provide an orthotopic lung cancer model that can assess therapeutic efficacy and reprogramming of the epigenome in tumors harboring different genetic and epigenetic profiles to guide use of these drugs. This study was supported by the Waxman Foundation and by a research grant from NIH (R01 CA095568). Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2018. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-2018
Hypospadias and Endocrine Disruption: Is There a Connection?
Authors: Laurence S. Baskin, Katherine Himes, Theo Colborn
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2001)

Hypospadias is one of the most common congenital anomalies in the United States, occurring in approximately 1 in 250 newborns or roughly 1 in 125 live male births. It is the result of arrested development of the urethra, foreskin, and ventral surface of the penis where the urethral opening may be anywhere along the shaft, within the scrotum, or in the perineum. The only treatment is surgery. Thus, prevention is imperative. To accomplish this, it is necessary to determine the etiology of hypospadias, the majority of which have been classified as idiopathic. In this paper we briefly describe the normal development of the male external genitalia and review the prevalence, etiology, risk factors, and epidemiology of hypospadias. The majority of hypospadias are believed to have a multifactorial etiology, although a small percentage do result from single gene mutations. Recent findings suggest that some hypospadias could be the result of disrupted gene expression. Discoveries about the antiandrogenic mechanisms of action of some contemporary-use chemicals have provided new knowledge about the organization and development of the urogenital system and may provide additional insight into the etiology of hypospadias and direction for prevention.
Protecting children with chronic illness in a competitive marketplace
Authors: J. M. Neff
Journal: JAMA (1995)

Health care for children with chronic illnesses is significantly more expensive than for the average child. Children with chronic illnesses are especially vulnerable in a competitive health care environment because of the higher ongoing cost associated with treating their illnesses and the inherent pressures to reduce services to manage within the capitated rate. To minimize the adverse impact a competitive market could have on these children, a "carve-out" for specific medical conditions is discussed. A capitation pricing system that reflects their higher costs is proposed, as well as a delivery system that is focused on their needs. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1995;274:1866-1869)
Abstract 365: Domain-specific Roles for GRK2 in Cardiac Hypertrophy and Heart Failure
Authors: Sarah M Schumacher, Erhe Gao, J. Kurt Chuprun, Walter J Koch
Journal: Circulation Research (2015)

During heart failure (HF), cardiac levels and activity of the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) kinase (GRK) GRK2 are elevated and contribute to adverse remodeling and contractile dysfunction, while inhibition via a carboxyl-terminal peptide, βARKct, enhances heart function and can prevent HF development. Mounting evidence supports the idea of a dynamic “interactome” in which GRK2 can uncouple GPCRs via novel protein-protein interactions. Several GRK2 interacting partners are important for adaptive and maladaptive myocyte growth; therefore, an understanding of domain-specific interactions with signaling and regulatory molecules could lead to novel targets for HF therapy. For instance, GRK2 contains a putative amino-terminal Regulator of G protein Signaling (RGS) domain (βARK-RGS) that directly interacts with Gq and appears to inhibit signaling without altering Gq enzymatic activity. Previously, our lab investigated cardiac-specific transgenic (Tg) expression of a fragment of this RGS domain (βARKnt). This fragment did not alter acute hypertrophy after pressure overload or demonstrate RGS activity in vivo against Gq-mediated signaling. In contrast, βARKnt induced hypertrophy and elevated β-adrenergic receptor (βAR) density without altering agonist-induced contractility or adenylyl cyclase activity, due to a compensatory increase in GRK2 activity. Importantly, though, βAR downregulation in response to chronic agonist administration was attenuated by βARKnt expression, indicating a novel regulation of βAR receptor density. Given these findings we have recently investigated the effect of βARKnt expression during chronic pressure overload post trans-aortic constriction (TAC). Echocardiographic analysis revealed increased posterior wall thickness and left-ventricular mass 4 weeks post-TAC compared to non-transgenic littermate controls (NLC). Importantly, despite enhanced hypertrophy, the progression to HF was inhibited in βARKnt mice 14 weeks post-TAC (%LV Ejection Fraction of 36.1 ± 0.2 in NLC versus 56.6 ± 0.9 in Tg mice). While mechanistic characterization is underway, these data indicate that βARKnt-mediated regulation of βAR density may provide a novel means of cardioprotection during pressure-overload induced HF.
BENIGN AND MALIGNANT ENDOCARDITIS.
Journal: JAMA (1899)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
AARC score has better accuracy at predicting 90-day mortality in drug induced acute-on-chronic liver failure (DILI - ACLF)
Authors: Karan Kumar, Sushrut Singh, Ashok Choudhury, Shiv Kumar Sarin, Manoj Kumar, Vikram Bhatia, Rakhi Maiwall, Ankur Jindal, Vijayraghavan Rajan, Vinod Arora
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2020)
Manuscripts Approved for JNCI, May 15 to June 15, 1960
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1960)

Manuscripts Approved for JNCI, May 15 to June 15, 1960 Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 25, Issue 1, July 1960, Pages 218–219, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/25.1.218 Published: 01 July 1960