tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
THE DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF CONJUNCTIVAL FOLLICULOSIS AND TRACHOMA
Journal: JAMA (1920)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Antietileptics: age-old search for effective therapy continues
Authors: T. Ziporyn
Journal: JAMA (1985)

Blood of the tortoise. Testicles of the hippopotamus. Feces of the land crocodile. Root of strychnos gathered at the time of the waning of the moon, put into a piece of linen, and hung around the neck. Scrapings from the selenite stone found by night at the waxing of the moon. Filings of iron sharpened on whetstone from Naxos. What all these substances have in common is that at one time they were all used as drugs to treat epilepsy (Owsei Temkin,<i>The Falling Sickness</i>, Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, 1979). Today carbamazepine, clonazepam, chlorazepate dipotassium, and valproic acid are the latest additions to the modern pharmacologic armamentarium against epilepsy. Together with drugs such as phenytoin, phenobarbital, and primidone, they have greatly relieved seizure frequency for about 85% of the estimated 2.5 million patients with epilepsy in the United States. "But for the other 15%, the rules don't work," says
Distribution of dihydrolipoamide acetyltransferase (E2) in the liver and portal lymph nodes of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis: An immunohistochemical study
Authors: R Joplin
Journal: Hepatology (1991)

The reason for the close association between primary biliary cirrhosis and the appearance of antibodies that recognize the E2 component of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex is not understood. The distribution of the three pyruvate dehydrogenase complex subunits was examined in the liver and lymph nodes of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis, patients with other liver diseases and normal subjects by immunohistochemistry using affinity-purified antibodies. Intensity of staining was assessed semiquantitatively and validated by scanning laser confocal microscopy. In primary biliary cirrhosis tissue, the E2 staining pattern did not parallel the reported distribution of mitochondria. E2 staining in biliary epithelial cells was consistently stronger than in hepatocytes. In primary biliary cirrhotic liver, staining of biliary epithelium was significantly stronger than in normal or other liver disease controls; many bile ducts in primary biliary cirrhotic liver demonstrated very high intensity, diffuse distribution of stain. No differences in staining intensity were seen between perivenular hepatocytes in primary biliary cirrhotic liver and those in controls; periportal hepatocytes in primary biliary cirrhotic liver were, however, more intensely stained than perivenular cells. In primary biliary cirrhotic portal lymph nodes, a subset of macrophages showed highintensity, diffuse distribution of stain. By contrast, staining with antibodies to E1 and E3 (other components of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex) produced uniform-intensity, mitochondrial distribution both in primary biliary cirrhosis and control tissue. The increased intensity of E2 in primary biliary cirrhotic tissue could be explained in terms of abnormal metabolism of E2 by biliary epithelial cells. Release of E2 during biliary-tract damage and drainage through the lymphatics could result in uptake by macrophages and the presentation of antigen to lymphocytes in portal lymph nodes.
Ultrasonography in the Management of Thyroid Nodules
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2000)

Summaries for Patients7 November 2000Ultrasonography in the Management of Thyroid NodulesSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-133-9-200011070-00006 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail What is the problem and what is known about it so far?The thyroid gland is located in the neck. It makes thyroid hormone, a substance that helps to regulate the body's use of energy. Thyroid nodules are lumps in the normally smooth thyroid. Thyroid nodules are very common. The first step in evaluating a nodule is a blood test to check thyroid hormone levels. If thyroid hormone levels are normal, then the doctor must consider other explanations for the nodule. While most nodules are not serious, a nodule 1 centimeter in size or larger in a patient with normal ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: The summary below is from the full report titled “Usefulness of Ultrasonography in the Management of Nodular Thyroid Disease.” It is in the 7 November 2000 issue of Annals of Internal Medicine (volume 133, pages 696-700). The authors are E Marqusee, CB Benson, MC Frates, PM Doubilet, PR Larsen, ES Cibas, and SJ Mandel.Summaries for Patients are a service provided by Annals to help patients better understand the complicated and often mystifying language of modern medicine.Summaries for Patients are presented for informational purposes only. These summaries are not a substitute for advice from your own medical provider. If you have questions about this material, or need medical advice about your own health or situation, please contact your physician. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoUsefulness of Ultrasonography in the Management of Nodular Thyroid Disease Ellen Marqusee , Carol B. Benson , Mary C. Frates , Peter M. Doubilet , P. Reed Larsen , Edmund S. Cibas , and Susan J. Mandel Metrics 7 November 2000Volume 133, Issue 9Page: I-8KeywordsHematologic testsHospitalsThyroidThyroid carcinomaThyroid diseasesThyroid hormonesUltrasound imaging ePublished: 7 November 2000 Issue Published: 7 November 2000 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2000 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Error in Funding/Support
Authors: Isabella Fogh, Ammar Al-Chalabi, John Powell
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2014)

estimated the summary heritability excluding the overlapping data set.We still achieve a similar result (h 2 , 21.4%; 95% CI, 19.9-23.0;SE, 0.8%).In conclusion, we are pleased that the study of Keller et al 1 has validated our previous results when using the same assumptions.This demonstrates that the methods used to estimate the additive genetic variance due to common variation are reliable.However, contrary to the assertion of Keller et al, 1 the heritability of ALS is highly dependent on the estimated prevalence; therefore, heritability should be presented for a range of plausible values for prevalence.This approach has been applied to estimates for the heritability of ALS from family data obtained from a research register. 4 For the same range of prevalences, heritability estimated from family data is consistently greater than values for heritability that we have estimated using common variation, indicating that there are potentially rarer variants not captured by commercial genotyping arrays that contribute to the risk for ALS.
Group B streptococcal infections in infants. The importance of the various serotypes
Authors: C. J. Baker
Journal: JAMA (1974)

Group B streptococci produce two types of illness in infants, according to age at onset. Serotyping of isolates collected during a 3 1/2-year period was performed to define the relationship between type of illness caused by group B streptococci and specific serotype. Type III isolates were significantly increased among infants with meningitis of either the "early-" (80%) or "late-" (93%) onset types when compared to asymptomatically colonized neonates (36%) and neonates with early-onset septicemia without meningitis (33%). These findings suggest that type III strains may possess invasive properties that allow meningeal penetration, that there are epidemiologic peculiarities in the acquisition of late-onset infections, or both. (<i>JAMA</i>230:1158-1160, 1974)
Extracellular HBsAg clearance has minimal impact on CD8+ T cell responses in mouse models of HBV pathogenesis
Authors: Valeria Fumagalli, Pietro Di Lucia, Valentina Venzin, Robert Jordan, Christian Frey, Bill Delaney, Frank Chisari, Luca Guidotti, Matteo Iannacone
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2020)
Minerva Cardioangiologica, Turin
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Longer space voyages.
Journal: BMJ (1968)

Acute Pulmonary Embolism: Good results obtained by streptokinase infusion therapy (p. 729).Leading article at p. 721.Gastric Ulcers: Report of 10 cases occurring during indomethacin therapy, several of which were initially thought to be malignant (p.734).Selective Visceral Arteriography: Valuable role in localization of gastrointestinal haemorrhage of obscure origin (p.737).Cadaver Renal Grafts: Warm ischaemia time should not exceed two hours (p.739).Reticu- lum cell sarcoma as possible complication of immunosuppressive therapy (p.740).Ulcerative Colitis: Remission obtained with azathioprine in four cases refractory to cortico- steroids (p.741).Vitamin D Intoxication: Unexplained hyper- rlatraemia with severe potassium and water depletion, together with depression, in two patients (p.744).Types of Thalassaemia: New hypothesis by Professor H. Lehmann and Dr. R. W. Carrell to explain differences (p.748).Case Reports: Fulminating hyperthermia after anaesthesia (p.750): Salmonella brandenburg infection of ruptured aorta (p.751).Practical Psychiatry: Management of psycho- somatic disorder discussed by Dr. Denis Leigh (p.753).Peritoneal Dialysis: Descriptions of new tubing assembly and a low-cost system (p.757).Mobile Bath: For severely incapacitated or bed- ridden patient (p.759).Hospital Bed Use by Elderly: Birmingham study suggests that "geriatric service is over- stretched and underorganized, understaffed, or undercapitalized" (p.763).
A Proposed Approach to Study the Toxicology of Complex Mixtures of Petroleum Products: The Integrated Use of QSAR, Lumping Analysis and PBPK/PD Modeling
Authors: Henk J. M. Verhaar, Jenna R. Morroni, Kenneth F. Reardon, Sean M. Hays, Donald P. Gaver, Robert L. Carpenter, Raymond S. H. Yang
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1997)
Joseph Goldberger fellowship grants for research in clinical nutrition
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Propranolol compared with propranolol plus isosorbide dinitrate in portal-hypertensive patients: Long-term hemodynamic and renal effects
Authors: J Vorobioff
Journal: Hepatology (1993)

The long-term hemodynamic and renal effects of propranolol were compared with those of propranolol plus isosorbide dinitrate in 44 portal-hypertensive alcoholic cirrhotic patients. Eight control patients, 8 patients receiving propranolol and 14 patients receiving propranolol plus isosorbide dinitrate were hemodynamically evaluated. Renal function was studied in a fourth group of 14 patients receiving propranolol plus isosorbide dinitrate. Portal pressure decreased more (p < 0.05) with combined therapy (-21.6%, from 19.5 ± 4.8 to 15.4 ± 4.3 mm Hg) than with propranolol alone (− 12.5%, from 19.9 ± 1.2 to 17.4 ± 1.8 mm Hg). Serum urea and creatinine levels, plasma sodium concentration, urine volume and urinary sodium excretion showed nonsignificant changes in all groups studied. Combined therapy induced a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in plasma renin activity (from 4.42 ± 4.7 to 1.59 ± 1.9 ng/ml/hr) and nonsignificant reductions in plasma aldosterone concentration and creatinine clearance. None of the eight patients with ascites or history of ascites not receiving isosorbide dinitrate showed evidence of impairment in renal sodium metabolism during the study period. In contrast, 8 of the 14 patients (57%) with ascites or history of ascites receiving isosorbide dinitrate showed impairment in renal sodium metabolism (p < 0.01), as reflected by the development or worsening of ascites and the need of higher diuretic requirements. Long-term combined administration of propranolol plus isosorbide dinitrate is superior to propranolol alone in the pharmacological treatment of portal hypertension. However, the deleterious effects observed in patients with ascites or even with a prior history of ascites preclude recommendation of this therapy for all patients, making it more suitable for patients without advanced liver disease. (HEPATOLOGY 1993;18:477–484.)
Unusual presentation of anorectal carcinoma.
Journal: BMJ (1982)

units) was chosen so that any benefit could be clearly demonstrated.Most patients had been on much higher doses previously.It is inter- esting that the significant reduction in steatorrhoea caused only a small and insignificant decrease in faecal wet weight and stool frequency which may reflect the low dosage used.The use of positioned-release capsules (whatever their mode of action may be) to deliver enzyme supplements resulted, however, in a significant reduction in steatorrhoea.
Contents
Authors: John Breeze, Richard Blanch, Robb Mazzoli, Joseph Dubose, Douglas Bowley, David Powers, Anurag Garg, Victoria Vickerstaff, Neil Nathwani, David Garway-Heath, Evgenia Konstantakopoulou, Gareth Ambler, Catey Bunce, Richard Wormald, Joshua Uhr, Anthony Obeid, Turner Wibbelsman, Connie Wu, Hannah Levin, Hannah Garrigan, Marc Spirn, Allen Chiang, Arunan Sivalingam, Jason Hsu, Shamika Gune, Saleh Abdelfattah, Ayesha Karamat, Siva Balasubramanian, Kenneth Marion, Elizabeth Morgenthien, Srinivas Sadda, Usha Chakravarthy, Cassie Ludwig, Daniel Vail, Natalia Callaway, Malini Pasricha, Darius Moshfeghi, April Maa, Sarah Mccord, Xiaoqin Lu, Rabeea Janjua, Ashley Howell, Kelly Hunt, Charles Medert, Annette Giangiacomo, Mary Lynch, Alan Kastner, Francesco Stringa, Anthony King, Jesse Berry, Liya Xu, Ashley Polski, Rima Jubran, Peter Kuhn, Jonathan Kim, James Hicks, Hyun-Ah Kim, Suhwan Lee, Sang Eah, Young Yoon, Mahmoud Jabbarvand, Hesam Hashemian, Mehdi Khodaparast, Mohammadkarim Jouhari, Ali Tabatabaei, Shadi Rezaei, Jae Kim, Mark Gillies, Chu Luan Nguyen, Vuong Nguyen, Vincent Daien, Amy Cohn, Gayatri Banerjee, Bronwyn Bateman, Irene Maumenee, Jane Sowden, Aara Patel, Annegret Dahlmann-Noor, Thomas Cullup, Lucy Jenkins, Albert Khouri
Journal: Ophthalmology (2020)
Geographic variations in the use of health care services
Authors: George D. Lundberg
Journal: JAMA (1988)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —I found Dr Hecht's note to be stimulating since it is at variance with virtually all of the other feedback we receive. Most readers tell us that the<i>JAMA</i>of recent years is the best it has ever been. As our regular readers know, we function under a key objective and ten critical objectives and grade ourselves constantly against these.<sup>1</sup>In addition, we regularly use about two dozen indicators to judge<i>JAMA</i>and our nine American Medical Association specialty journals. These indicators are as follows: domestic and foreign circulation and readership, advertising revenue,<i>Science Citation Index</i>scores, quality of editorial boards, number of manuscripts received, manuscript acceptance rates, number and types of editorial categories, number of pages, turnaround time to publication, print and electronic media attention, results of readership surveys and focus groups, published corrections rates, number and quality of peer reviewers, peer review of the journals
Association between Lower Level Lead Concentrations and Hyperactivity in Children
Authors: Oliver J. David
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1974)

Hyperactive children were compared with a nonhyperactive control group on two measures that reflect the presence of body lead and on a lead exposure questionnaire. The overall hypothesis that was tested was that a relationship exists between hyperactivity in children and a concommitant condition of increased body lead stores. Operationally, the hypothesis was reduced to a comparison of the hyperactive group and control group on the following measures: (1) blood lead levels; (2) post-penicillamine urine lead levels; (3) scores on a lead exposure questionnaire. The designation hyperactive or nonhyperactive was arrived at by using three different measurements: a doctor's diagnosis; a teacher's rating scale; a parent questionnaire. Hyperactive children had significantly higher values on all three measures than did the controls. More than half the hyperactive children had blood lead levels in the range considered to be raised but not toxic, and 60% of post-penicillamine urine levels were in the "toxic" range. It is concluded that there is an association between hyperactivity and raised lead levels, that a large body-lead burden may exact consequencies that have hitherto been unrealized; that the definition of what is a toxic level for blood lead needs reevaluation and that physicians should look for raised lead levels in children with hyperactivity.
Abstract 254: MicroRNA Regulation of G Protein-Coupled Receptor Kinase 2 After Cardiac Injury
Authors: Melissa Lieu, Kurt Chuprun, Erhe Gao, Walter J Koch
Journal: Circulation Research (2017)

The development and progression of heart failure (HF) involves many processes that occur after cardiac stress and/or injury. Compensatory neuro-hormonal activation and chronic stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) is accompanied by the pathological increase in G protein-coupled receptor kinase (GRK) 2 expression. Data indicates that elevated GRK2 activity participates in the progression of HF after cardiac injury such as a myocardial infarction (MI) and this includes chronic β 1 -adrenergic receptor (β 1 AR) desensitization. The molecular transcriptional or translational mechanism of GRK2 upregulation in the heart is largely unknown. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been discovered as critical regulatory molecules in the heart as their expression profiles become dysregulated after cardiac injury. Further, miRNAs can play key roles in orchestrating many phenotypic changes observed in HF. Previous studies have shown that components of the βAR pathway, including the β 1 AR, are targeted by miRNAs whose levels are aberrant during cardiac injury. This study was started to determine if GRK2 may also be targeted by a miRNA that goes down after injury, participating in the up-regulation of this pathological kinase. MiRNA profiles of 2 week post-MI C57BL/6 mice were examined through miRNA microarray analysis. MiRNAs that were down-regulated after MI and had seed sequence complementarity to GRK2’s 3’UTR were selected as candidates for further testing. MiR-378a-5p (miR-378a) was chosen as a suitable candidate and transfection of a miR-378a mimic into neonatal rat ventricular myocytes was able to significantly reduce GRK2 protein levels compared to a negative control, while mRNA levels seem to be unaffected. This suggests miR-378a may work primarily through translational inhibition rather than transcriptional inhibition. Using a 3’UTR reporter system, we found that miR-378a was able to directly bind to the 3’UTR of GRK2 and inhibit reporter activity. These data support the hypothesis that GRK2 is regulated by a miRNA in the heart and provides a possible mechanism for GRK2 post-transcriptional regulation . In vivo studies are currently in progress to determine if miR-378a may be a novel therapeutic strategy to decrease GRK2 levels in the failing heart.
RADIOLOGY
Authors: ALBERT SOILAND
Journal: JAMA (1927)

The word, or caption, "radiology" has been in general use for a great many years as denoting the medical application of roentgen rays, radium and allied agents. Even before radio broadcasting terms came into being and added confusion to the issue, the word "radiology" was employed in European countries as noted. It appears, therefore, that the medical profession has a prior right to the term, and in the absence of a better word to define our specialty an attempt should be made to define radiology properly and also to place a reasonable limitation on its scope. Next in order would be the adjusting of the rather cumbersome terminology now in vogue by simplifying the words in daily use and eliminating all those which are unnecessary or unwieldy. To this end the several national radiologic societies in America have been asked to cooperate and it is to be hoped that they