tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
ALBUMINURIA.
Journal: JAMA (1904)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Detecting the Effects of Toxic Agents on Spermatogenesis Using DNA Probes
Authors: Norman B. Hecht
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1987)

Advances in the molecular biology of spermatogenesis suggest that DNA probes can be used to monitor the effects of toxic agents in male germ cells of mammals. Molecular hybridization analyses with DNA probes can provide a reproducible methodology capable of detecting changes ranging from massive deletions to single base pair substitutions in the genome of exposed individuals. A constantly increasing number of DNA probes that can be used to detect such alterations in human sperm DNA exist for both ubiquitously expressed proteins and for genes solely expressed in the testis. In this chapter, the currently available testicular stage-specific and/or cell type-specific DNA probes and the techniques by which they can be utilized in reproductive toxicology studies are discussed. The advantages, limitations, and future technological advances of this novel biological marker system for the human male reproductive system are also considered.
Course of blood pressure in mild hypertensives after withdrawal of long term antihypertensive treatment. Medical Research Council Working Party on Mild Hypertension.
Journal: BMJ (1986)

A series of 1418 men and 1,347 women with mild hypertension (diastolic phase V 90-109 mm Hg) aged 35-64 who had either had long term antihypertensive treatment with bendrofluazide or propranolol or taken placebo tablets for a similar period were randomly allocated to groups in which their tablets were either stopped or continued. The course of blood pressure and of biochemical variables was followed up for two years. Mean blood pressures rose rapidly after the withdrawal of active treatment, and between nine months and one year after stopping treatment the antihypertensive effect had almost disappeared. The effect persisting longer than this, and possibly due to resetting of the baroreceptors or of other blood pressure control mechanisms, was very small, and as the rise in mean pressure was due to an upward movement in general distribution there was no evidence of a subgroup in whom these mechanisms had been permanently reset to a clinically important extent. After withdrawal of propranolol the rise in pressure was more rapid in younger than in older people. After stopping bendrofluazide pressure rose more rapidly in men who had had higher pressures before and during treatment; this effect was not seen in women. Disturbances in biochemical variables associated with drug treatment had largely resolved by the end of two years after withdrawal. Stopping placebo tablets made no consistent difference to blood pressure.
Fast-track improves CABG outcomes
Authors: P. Cotton
Journal: JAMA (1993)

A NEW protocol appears to improve the physical status of patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery, and save time and money as well. This "fast-track" protocol cuts the time patients spend using respirators from an average of 20 hours down to 13 hours. Postoperative length of stay in the intensive care unit is cut by at least 12 hours, and by nearly 24 hours on average. And average total hospital stay decreases by almost 2 days, according to a study that included 562 patients at Hartford (Conn) Hospital and the Baystate Medical Center, Springfield, Mass. A total of 133 of 288 patients on the fast-track protocol were discharged within 5 days, compared with only 72 of 291 who got traditional care. The results of the study were adjusted for age, comorbidity, and severity of illness. Most patients on the fast track were home within 7 days, and they
Papillary cystadenoma lymphomatosum. Multiple and bilateral involvement
Authors: L. M. Vistnes
Journal: JAMA (1968)

A 52-year-old Filipino man had painless parotid swelling bilaterally, present for three years. Examination revealed firm masses in the lower parotid area, larger on the left side. These proved to be papillary cystadenoma lymphomatosum (Warthin's tumor). Surgical procedure was carried out in two stages; multiple tumors were found on the left side and a single tumor on the right side. Recovery was uneventful, with no recurrence after one year.
A physician's guide to asbestos-related diseases. Council on Scientific Affairs
Journal: JAMA (1984)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Stomach and its Ailments Practically Arranged
Authors: W. S. Oke
Journal: BMJ (1859)

THE subject of gastric disorders will be best handled by con- sidering separately each morbid condition with which the sto- mach is liable to be affected.This will give us, at least, the most practical view of the symptoms, enable us to treat them with some dlegree of precision, and with the greatest probability of success.I propose, therefore, to treat the several morbid conditions of the gastric function under the following heads:-The Neuralgic; the Arid; the Acid; the Biliouis ; the Inflated; the Depraved; the Spasmodic; the Hlemorrhagic; the In- flamed; and the Cancerous.I do not mean to assert that each of these conditions will even generally be found uncom- plicated and distinct.Doubtless some of them will often be associated with others: the neuralgic with the acid, and the acid with the bilious, or they may all co-exist.But even then there will probably be some prevailing symptoms which will sufficiently characterise the condition for practical purposes.Any-attempt to effect such an arrangement (imperfect as it
Interaction of Epinephrine and β-Blockers
Journal: JAMA (1995)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Sequelae of breast irradiation
Authors: R. Lipsztein
Journal: JAMA (1985)

IONIZING radiation is one of many mutagenic and carcinogenic agents encountered in the environment. The fact that radiotherapy and chemotherapy can both cause and cure cancer is a fascinating paradox of modern therapeutics and one that must be constantly considered when evaluating the risks and benefits of cancer therapy. Because absolute safety is rarely a reasonable goal, the physician's responsibility is to determine tolerable levels of risk. Lumpectomy and radiotherapy are becoming an increasingly accepted alternative to the traditional modified radical mastectomy for the treatment of breast cancer. The results to date, both in terms of overall survival and cosmetic appearance, are encouraging.<sup>1</sup>Radiation treatments are facilitated and normal tissue tolerance preserved by resection of gross tumor mass. Breast reconstruction permits the resection of lesions up to 4 cm in size without marked cosmetic deformity. All therapeutic decisions involve risks and benefits. The clinical spectrum of the effects of
Randomised placebo controlled multicentre trial to assess short term clarithromycin for patients with stable coronary heart disease: CLARICOR trial
Journal: BMJ (2006)

likely to be promoted may in part reflect this.Investigating this point would require complete data on employment history since graduation.The data will also include doctors in the training grades who may not want to become a consultant, and the results may be partly reflecting the preferences of this group, who are more likely to be female and work part time.However, this group is likely to be small. ConclusionsThe achievement of current government targets for the numbers of consultants are influenced by the promotion process and the quality control exercised by the royal colleges.As the proportion of female doctors increases, it will be difficult to meet government targets unless the promotion process is re-examined.This should focus on the weight given to individuals' skills and ability and the flexibility of contracts and working conditions.Safeguards will need to be in place to ensure that factors less likely to be related to ability or performance (such as sex, place of graduation, or part time working) will not influence promotion chances.Since 2000, when the data used in this paper finish, several changes have been intro-duced that have altered the career structures of hospital doctors.These include the Calman reforms, Modernising Medical Careers, further proposals for reform of the staff or associate specialist grades, and new contracts for junior doctors and consultants.It is unclear what impact these changes will have on the issues discussed in this paper.
诊断启发法:元认知和其他修复
Authors: E.J. Lowenstein, R. Sidlow
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2018)

人类用来解决问题的思维捷径(“启发法”,在之前的一篇综述中曾提到)并不总是完美的,在医学上,这可能会导致诊断上的错误。那么,如何识别正在发生的事情并尝试与之对抗? 在这篇综述(第 2 部分,共 2 部分)中,来自美国的作者建议了一些方法,让医生在诊断过程中“思考他们的思维方式”(一种被称为“元认知”的方法)。文中考虑了大量策略:例如,学会更多地关注不确定直觉,并更容易地对不确定直觉采取行动,以及更清楚什么时候应该抽出时间从不同角度来看待可能不确定的诊断(“还有什么其他可能性?”、“为什么不合适?”、“让我们和同事讨论一下。”)。甚至能够更自觉地意识到工作环境在何时太过苛刻或让人分心(电话总是响个不停、电子邮件总是源源不断地进来、疲惫不堪等等)也是一项重要的技能。反思诊断中的个人错误是另一个简单、实用的例子,就像询问患者关于什么有效、什么无效的反馈一样。高风险职业使用检查表已有很长时间:药物是否需要跟上? 最后,作者评论说,经验可能是一把双刃剑:虽然有经验的医生在诊断中通常比没有经验的医生更有效地使用启发法(见第 1 部分),但如果他们“不太可能寻求外界意见或使用参考资料”,这种做法就会被削弱。
Analysis of Foreign Journals
Journal: BMJ (1841)

to '' -USMLLANEOU-PORRIGN' I LIGINfCE.!. :. have prevailed regarding the influence of climate upon phtbWs;-the army medico.statisticalreports have thrown some light upon tlIis subject, and Dr. Smith's paper fur- nishesadditional knowledge, showing how, in Peru, climnate may lead to the furomation ot tubaerles, or on the other hand check them in their progress, or altogether re- move them.Dr. Smith has the merit, also, of having pointed out, more distinctly than had previously been done, that undue lactation may mdqce phthisis pulmonalis.
SMON
Authors: K. Kosaka
Journal: JAMA (1974)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Oakley (225:395, 1973) has referred to Kono's article (<i>Jap J Med Sci Biol</i>24:195, 1971) containing results obtained by 18 neurologists' investigation of the neurotoxicity of halogenated hydroxyquinoline (iodochlorhydroxyquin). Kono reported that the incidence of subacute myelo-optic neuropathy (SMON) between January 1970 and January 1971 decreased corresponding to the suspension of use of the compound by the Japanese government during the period. However, it should be emphasized that SMON disappeared spontaneously long before 1970 in the majority of areas where epidemic outbreaks of SMON were seen in Japan. Although SMON prevailed in 1964 in Toda City of the Saitama Prefecture, its incidence decreased sharply in the following year. Outbreaks of SMON during 1964 and 1965 at Kushiro District of Hokkaido terminated in 1968. SMON has not recurred since January 1970 in the Yuzawa District of the Akita Prefecture where many residents developed the syndrome in 1967 and
HAVE SPERMATOZOA FUNCTIONS AND EFFECTS OTHER THAN FERTILIZATION?
Journal: JAMA (1923)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Bull Polish Med Sci History, Chicago
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Human Ovulation
Authors: Larry McGowan
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Recording a symposium on human ovulation held in 1962, the text attempts to define the limitations of knowledge, report recent advances, and suggest areas requiring future study in determining the biologic mechanisms and hormonal control of human ovulation. The first chapter, "Population Growth and Its Control, with Special Reference to Asian and Far Eastern Countries," demonstrates that the population dilemma in the world must have multiple solutions because of various factors such as the economics of the country, and the educational level and religion of the people. Other chapters related to ovulation concern electrovaginal potential recordings as a determinant of ovarian function, morphological criteria, factors controlling gametogenesis, the pattern of gonadotropin excretion during the normal menstrual cycle, and methods for the estimation of the urinary metabolites of estrogens and of progesterone. All chapters are followed by discussion. The text establishes our current inability to predict ovulation accurately, and the need
London School of Tropical Medicine
Journal: BMJ (1904)

Deed is greatest, and I may quote briefly two or three of the cases which came before us for consideration this month:Widow, aged 42, of Edinburgh graduate, who lost all his practice and exhausted his savings during a long illness ending in death.Applicant has no income, and tries to maintain herself and her four children by keeping a small confectioner's shop.M.R.C.S., aged 82.Held public appointments for many years while practising in Devonshire, but now, incapacitated by old age and inflrmities, is dependent on a few shillings weekly contributed by medical men in the district.Daughter, aged 62, of M.D., who has supported herself for many years as a governess; has now exhausted her savings
Abstract 14134: Effects of Statin Plus Ezetimibe versus Statin Alone on Coronary Atherosclerosis in Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Kiyoshi Hibi, Kazuo Kimura, Shinjo Sonoda, Yutaka Otsuji, Toyoaki Murohara, Hideki Ishii, Katsuhiko Sato, Ryouji Koshida, Yukio Ozaki, Masataka Sata, Masanori Kawasaki, Yoshihiro Morino, Tadashi Miyamoto, Tetsuya Amano, Satoshi Morita, Hisayoshi Fujiwara
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: IMPROVE-IT trial showed that ezetimibe plus statin treatment, as compared with statin alone, decreased cardiovascular events in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). However, proir studies have failed to show a beneficial effect of ezetimibe on carotid plaque progression when added to statin treatment. Hypothesis: The addition of ezetimibe to statin therapy affects coronary plaque behavior in the non-culprit vessel. Methods: We conducted a prospective, randomized open-label parallel group study with blind endpoint evaluation conducted at 10 centers in Japan. A total of 128 statin naïve patients with ACS undergoing intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) guided percutaneous coronary intervention were randomized and nonculprit coronary lesions associated with mild-to-moderate stenosis in 103 patients had evaluable IVUS examinations at baseline and at 8 to 12 months follow-up. Conventional IVUS and integrated backscatter (IB)-IVUS measurements at 1-mm intervals were calculated. Patients were randomly assigned to receive either 2mg/day of pitavastatin plus 10mg/day ezetimibe or 2mg/day of pitavastatin. Primary endpoints were the percentage change in non-culprit coronary plaque volume and percent change in lipid plaque volume. Results: Mean low density lipoprotein cholesterol was reduced from 125mg/dl to 65mg/dl in the combination therapy group receiving statin plus ezetimibe (n=50) and 126mg/dl to 87 mg/dl in the statin alone group (n=53)(between group difference of 16.9%, P&lt;0.0001). Length of analyzed segment did not differ between the groups (median 38.0 vs. 41.2 mm, p=0.40). The primary endpoint, percent change in plaque volume, was -5.1% in the combination therapy group and -6.2% in the statin alone group (P=0.66), although both groups resulted in reduction of plaque volume compared with baseline (both p=0.001). The percent change in lipid plaque volume did not differ between the groups (4.3 vs. -3.0%, P=0.37). Conclusions: Among patients with acute coronary syndrome, combined therapy with ezetimibe and statin did not result in a significant change in coronary plaque regression or tissue component compared with statin alone.
Validation of X-Ray Fluorescence-Measured Swine Femur Lead against Atomic Absorption Spectrometry
Authors: Andrew C. Todd, Erin L. Moshier, Spencer Carroll, Stanley W. Casteel
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2001)

The aim of this study was to apply the technique of (109)Cd-based K-shell X-ray fluorescence (XRF) bone lead measurements to swine femurs and to validate the concentrations obtained therefrom against an independent chemical measurement of bone lead: atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS). The femurs ranged in lead concentration from 1.0 to 24.5 microg of lead per gram of ashed bone, as measured by AAS. On average, XRF overestimated AAS-measured femur lead by 2.6 microg/g [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.1-4.0 microg/g], approximately 2 microg/g poorer than that observed in studies of human tibiae. Measurements of swine femur and, by extension, of nonhuman bones may require adjustment of the XRF spectrum peak extraction method.
Physicians and Joint Negotiations
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2001)

This position paper of the American College of Physicians–American Society of Internal Medicine addresses public policy issues related to physicians' joining to negotiate issues affecting patient care and the working environment in which patient services are provided. It seeks to identify an appropriate way for physicians to negotiate jointly with health care plans while maintaining professionalism and keeping the interests of patients paramount. It proposes that physicians in nonintegrated private practices should be able to meet and communicate among themselves for the purpose of negotiating primarily with health care plans about specific issues that affect quality and access. However, the College opposes strikes or any joint action by physicians that would deny or limit services to patients or result in price-fixing or other anticompetitive behavior. The College states that employed physicians should continue to have negotiating rights. It maintains, despite a recent decision by the National Labor Relations Board, that collective bargaining is not appropriate for resident physicians. Physicians in residency training are protected by accreditation requirements for programs of graduate medical education, and educational content should not be subject to negotiations. [Post-publication correction: The College states that employed physicians should continue to have negotiating rights. It maintains, despite a recent decision by the National Labor Relations Board, that physicians in residency training are protected by accreditation requirements for programs of graduate medical education, and educational content should not be subject to negotiations.] The College also calls for determination of negotiating units for physicians but recommends that nonphysician providers not be included in the same units as physicians. Membership in an organization that negotiates for physicians should be voluntary, and conflict-resolution mechanisms must be available for resolving impasses.