tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
AB0596 Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients with Past Neuropsychiatric Involvement is Associated with Worse Cognitive Impairment: A Longitudinal Study
Authors: Y. Gao, E. Lau, H. Wan, Y. Lo, M.Y. Mok
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Studies on cognitive impairment in patients with past history of neuropsychiatric lupus (NPSLE) were often confounded by psychiatric and other disease related factors. <h3>Objectives</h3> This study aims to evaluate cognitive function in NPSLE patients in relation to psychiatric factors longitudinally in comparison to matched controls. <h3>Methods</h3> NPSLE patients and matched disease and healthy controls were examined by full battery of neurocognitive tests that covered 8 cognitive domains at 2 time-points 12 months apart. Depressive and anxiety symptoms were measured by HADS. <h3>Results</h3> 18 NPSLE and 18 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) who had no previous cerebral involvement (non-NPSLE) matched to age, sex and disease duration, and 16 age- and sex- matched healthy subjects were recruited. NPSLE patients consistently reported more cognitive symptoms and anxiety symptoms than non-NPSLE patients over both time-points. NPSLE patients had significantly worse simple and complex attention, memory, reasoning and visuospatial processing compared to non-NPSLE patients, among which memory and simple attention remained significantly impaired after adjustment to confounders. Anxiety and depressive symptoms were found to have an effect on raw scores but not demographically adjusted T score of neurocognitive tests. Unlike non-NPSLE subjects, NPSLE patients also failed to demonstrate practice effect upon re-evaluation over 12 months. Both NPSLE and non-NPSLE patients had worse memory than healthy subjects, with deficiency in more memory tests for NPSLE patients. <h3>Conclusions</h3> NPSLE patients had significantly worse and persistently impaired cognitive functions involving memory, visuospatial processing and complex attention and impaired learning compared to non-NPSLE patients over 12-month re-assessment. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Prolongation of the Disease-Free Interval in Surgically Treated Rectal Carcinoma
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1985)

To assess the effects of postoperative radiation therapy and chemotherapy on tumor recurrence and patient survival, 227 patients (data on 202 of whom were analyzed) who had undergone "curative" surgical resection for rectal adenocarcinoma were prospectively and randomly assigned to one of four treatments: no adjuvant therapy (concurrent controls, 58 patients), postoperative radiotherapy with 4000 or 4800 rad (50 patients), postoperative chemotherapy (fluorouracil and semustine [methyl-CCNU], 48 patients), or a combination of radiation therapy and chemotherapy (46 patients). Five years after the entry of the last patient and with a median follow-up of all survivors for 80 months, the recurrence rate was highest among the control patients (55 per cent) and lowest among the patients receiving a combination of adjuvant radiation and chemotherapy (33 per cent). Time to tumor recurrence differed significantly among the four treatment groups (P less than 0.04); it was significantly prolonged by combined radiation and chemotherapy as compared with resection alone (P less than 0.009). Overall survival did not differ significantly among the treatment groups. The superiority of the combined-modality regimen appeared to be attributable to the effects of radiation therapy and chemotherapy in controlling local and distant recurrences, respectively. We conclude that this study provides evidence supporting the use of postoperative radiation therapy in conjunction with chemotherapy in patients who have had "curative" resection of rectal cancer with involvement of perirectal fat or regional nodes or both (Stages B2 and C).
Data Errors in Table
Authors: Carol Baker
Journal: JAMA (2017)

Flor M. Munoz, MD; Nanette H. Bond, PAC; Maurizio Maccato, MD; Phillip Pinell, MD; Hunter A. Hammill, MD; Geeta K. Swamy, MD; Emmanuel B. Walter, MD; Lisa A. Jackson, MD; Janet A. Englund, MD; Morven S. Edwards, MD; C. Mary Healy, MD; Carey R. Petrie, PhD; Jennifer Ferreira, ScM; Johannes B. Goll, MS; Carol J. Baker, MD
Septicemia in a Community Hospital 1970 through 1973
Authors: W. E. Scheckler
Journal: JAMA (1977)

Septicemia developed in 34 patients per 10,000 admissions to a community hospital during 1970 through 1973. Two thirds of the 207 patients had community-acquired septicemia, and one third had nosocomial septicemia. Septicemia-related mortality was 20.3%. Mortality and incidence of septicemia was substantially higher in patients with ultimately fatal and rapidly fatal underlying diseases. Septicemia was associated with shock in 9.7% of the patients. Foley catheterization and prophylactic antibiotic therapy could not be implicated as major risk factors for the development of septicemia. This study shows an incidence of Gram-negative bacteremia, septic shock, and mortality substantially less than that described in published data from noncommunity hospitals. (<i>JAMA</i>237:1938-1941, 1977)
HIV Underdiagnosed
Authors: Bridget Kuehn
Journal: JAMA (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Sexual practices in the transmission of hepatitis B virus and prevalence of hepatitis delta virus infection in female prostitutes in the United States
Authors: L. Rosenblum
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To evaluate heterosexual transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and the prevalence of hepatitis delta virus (HDV) infection in female prostitutes. <h3>Design.</h3> —Survey. <h3>Setting.</h3> —Sexually transmitted disease clinics, drug treatment programs, detention centers, and/or outreach efforts in eight areas in the United States. <h3>Participants.</h3> —A total of 1368 female prostitutes 18 years of age or older. <h3>Outcome Measures.</h3> —Seropositivity for HBV and HDV infection. <h3>Results.</h3> —The overall prevalence of past or present HBV infection was 56%: 74% in women who were injecting-drug users (IDUs), 38% in women reporting no history of injecting-drug use (non-IDUs), 51% in whites, 55% in blacks, and 67% in Hispanics. Of 21 HBV carrier IDUs, 21% had HDV infection; of 18 HBV carrier non-IDUs, 6% had HDV infection. In non-IDUs (49%), risk factors for HBV infection were a history of having penile-anal intercourse (odds ratio [OR], 3.1; 95% confidence limits [CL], 1.3, 7.3) and seropositivity for syphilis and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. In IDUs, factors associated with an increased risk of infection, in addition to behaviors related to injecting-drug use, were the number of lifetime sexual partners, having sexual partners from groups at high risk for HBV infection, and seropositivity for syphilis and HIV infection; spermicide and/or diaphragm use was associated with a markedly decreased risk of HBV infection among blacks (OR, 0.1; 95% CL, 0.03,0.4) and Hispanics (OR, 0.2; 95% CL, 0.06, 0.9). <h3>Conclusion.</h3> —This is the first study to suggest that having anal intercourse and failing to use vaginal contraceptives may facilitate transmission of HBV to women. Our data support guidelines that recommend hepatitis B vaccination for prostitutes and persons with a history of sexually transmitted diseases or multiple sexual partners. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1992;267:2477-2481)
Why do children have chronic abdominal pain, and what happens to them when they grow up? Population based cohort study
Authors: Anne Kirkengen, Magne Nylenna, Pétur Pétursson, Peter Pritchard
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Future consultationsClinical inertia in implementation of preventive medical guidelines should not necessarily be taken as a sign of low quality care.It is time to reconsider the extent to which specific, opportunistic initiatives to prevent disease among asymptomatic individuals should remain a core element of everyday consultations in Western medicine.It is certainly good medical practice to identify, emphasise, and support health promoting resources, 27 skills, and activities that have a logical link to the patient's reason for coming to see the doctor.Other opportunistic initiatives may also seem appropriate.Doctors could increase patient autonomy by inviting the patient to introduce a topic rather than using a computerised reminding system.An open ended invitation may be one way to proceed.For example, "It could be that you have been considering other things that might be good for your health?If there is something you would like to discuss, you are welcome.
WELTMERISM AGAIN.
Journal: JAMA (1902)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Week
Journal: BMJ (1859)

lEADING ARTICItES.His object, 'however, is not to depreciate local bleedings, which he rath-er supports, on the ground that the blood may as well be taken from one place as from another, and that perhaps, the inflammation being of a serous lining of the parietes, the benefit,may be direct.We would again commend Dr. Stru- thers's essay to the attention of our worthy contributors Drs.
The Treatment of the Acute Abdomen: Operative and Post-Operative.
Journal: JAMA (1927)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Peroxisomes in cirrhosis of the human liver: A cytochemical, ultrastructural and quantitative study
Authors: D De Craemer
Journal: Hepatology (1993)

Hepatocellular peroxisomes in 32 patients with cirrhosis were studied by means of catalase cytochemical and morphometric analysis. Seven normal human livers were used as controls. The severity of the cirrhosis was determined with the Child-Turcotte criteria. Under the light microscope, a decrease in catalase staining was observed in 12 livers. Staining showed a weak inverse correlation with severity of the cirrhotic process. Peroxisomes revealed a perinuclear configuration in 24 patients. Morphometric analysis of peroxisomes was performed on 14 cirrhotic livers and revealed a near doubling of the number of organelles, with a compensatory decrease in mean peroxisomal diameter: no appreciable change in total volume of the peroxisome compartment was found. Cytoplasmic invaginations, protrusions and gastruloid cisternae were sparse. Apparently, peroxisomal proliferation in liver cells appeared early in the cirrhotic process. In all 10 livers with a perinuclear configuration of the peroxisomes that were processed for electron microscopy, a morphometrically confirmed increase in the number of peroxisomes was observed. Peroxisomes frequently showed transparent matrical spots and angular profiles. In two patients nucleoid-containing peroxisomes were observed. Although variation between individual patients was high, peroxisomal changes were observed in each cirrhotic liver. No relationship between morphological or morphometric alterations in peroxisomal compartment on one side and the severity of the disease or the type of cirrhotic nodules on the other side was observed. (HEPATOLOGY 1993;17:404–410.)
Human pyrimidine metabolism
Authors: S. M. Weissman
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Studies of pyrimidine metabolism in man have assumed interest in recent years with the recognition of specific alterations in their synthesis and excretion in certain diseases. Further, several pyrimidine antimetabolites have been introduced into cancer chemotherapy, and the metabolic alterations produced by some of these, 6-azauridine, has been a subject of physiological and biochemical interest. The pyrimidine ring is a common component of biologically active substances. It occurs in a variety of therapeutic compounds such as xanthine oxidase inhibitors, antimetabolites, antithyroid substances, sedatives, and vitamins. Among natural substances, pyrimidines occur most abundantly in the nucleic acids. Ribonucleic acids contain large amounts of uracil and cytosine derivatives (Fig 1), and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) contains cytosine and thymine derivatives (Fig 1). Pyrimidines also appear in a variety of acid-soluble phosphorylated cofactors, such as uridine diphosphoglucose, which play a central role in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. <h3>Normal Pyrimidine Metabolism</h3> The pathway of pyrimidine
The Electroretinogram
Authors: Albert M. Potts
Journal: JAMA (1976)

Electroretinography, the measurement of the potential change across the eye under the influence of a light stimulus, may be performed as a noninvasive procedure. For this reason, it has clinical utility and is highly important in the early diagnosis of retinal degenerative disease, particularly retinitis pigmentosa. Dr Armington has brought the subject up to date in the tradition of the books of Granit (1947) and Brindley (1960). The book deals with both the theory and practice of electroretinography. Whereas one could not record an electroretinogram with the help of the book alone, the extensive bibliography and the book itself would point a newcomer in the right direction. Among physicians, only the ophthalmologist, and among ophthalmologists, chiefly those with retinal interests are the intended readership. Visual psychologists and visual physiologists will profit from having this book available.
Stereokineradiography
Authors: Majic S. Potsaid
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1964)

IMPORTANT ideas and valuable concepts often originate long before they become practically useful. Also, quite commonly an innovation results from the application to a given discipline of a technic that at first glance seems to come from a totally unrelated field. Cineradiography (x-ray produced images in the form of motion-picture films), stereoradiography (the use of x-ray-image pairs to show true height, width and depth) and stereocineradiography (a combination of both technics) have undergone such an evolution.It surprises many to learn that x-ray motion studies on film were obtained in 1896, about a year after Roentgen announced the discovery of . . .
Dichotomous Disservice
Authors: Timothy G. Ferris
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1997)

Letters1 December 1997Dichotomous DisserviceTimothy G. Ferris, MD, MPhilTimothy G. Ferris, MD, MPhilMassachusetts General Hospital; Boston, MA 02114Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-127-11-199712010-00032 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:. Dr. Carleton's point on the obfuscation produced when complex natural phenomena are reduced to dichotomous classes is an important lesson [1]. I wonder, however, if we have an alternative. Anthropologists have long been aware that in every society studied, humans have a remarkably consistent tendency to think in small whole numbers [2, 3]. In fact, all classification systems (the way in which we order the world) require arbitrary distinctions in order for us to perform the logical operations we commonly call thinking. The example Dr. Carleton provides may illustrate this point. Would we not simply replace ...References1. Carleton RA. Dichotomous disservice? Ann Intern Med. 1997; 126:589-91. Google Scholar2. Needham R, ed. Right and Left: Essays in Dual Symbolic Classification. Chicago: Chicago Univ Pr; 1973. Google Scholar3. Needham R. Essential perplexities. In: Circumstancial Deliveries. Berkeley, CA: Univ of California Pr; 1981. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Massachusetts General Hospital; Boston, MA 02114 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 December 1997Volume 127, Issue 11Page: 1044 Issue Published: 1 December 1997 CopyrightCopyright © 1997 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Radiological evaluation of the chronic venous stasis syndrome
Authors: J. S. Train
Journal: JAMA (1987)

Chronic venous stasis is an extremely complex clinical syndrome of pain and changes in the skin that can involve the superficial, deep, and perforating veins. This syndrome is commonly referred to as "the postphlebitic syndrome," implying that thrombophlebitis is its sole etiology. To test this hypothesis, we performed ascending venography on 51 limbs of patients with the chronic venous stasis syndrome and demonstrated that 32 had no radiological evidence of recent or old thrombophlebitis. Instead, they had normal-appearing veins, suggesting primary incompetence of the deep and/or perforating venous valves rather than thrombophlebitis as the etiology. Since various operations have recently been proposed to correct or bypass malfunctioning valves, precise demonstration of pathological change is required to choose the appropriate procedure and to evaluate results. Descending venograms were combined with the ascending studies in 42 limbs for this purpose. In addition to outlining the abnormalities responsible for chronic venous stasis syndrome in individual cases, interesting conclusions regarding the syndrome itself were reached. (<i>JAMA</i>1987;258:941-944)
The Board of Trustees
Journal: JAMA (1987)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
AMA Accepts Workforce Planning
Journal: JAMA (1994)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal