tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
High-dose methotrexate for primary CNS lymphoma in the elderly
Authors: Siobhan Ng, Mark A. Rosenthal, David Ashley, Lawrence Cher
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2000)

Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) in the immunocompetent patient reaches a peak incidence in the sixth and seventh decades of life.This retrospective study reviewed the ef cacy and tolerability of high-dose methotrexate (HDMTX) in an elderly patient population.Between May 1995 and September 1998, ten consecutive elderly patients with histologically proven PCNSL were treated with HDMTX.The median age was 72.5 years and eight patients (80%) were older than 70 years.HDMTX was well tolerated with no episodes of grade 4 toxicity nor febrile neutropenia.Toxicity included grade 3 nausea (1), grade 2 mucositis (2), and grade 2 asymptomatic elevation of liver transaminases (2).Grade 1 toxicity occurred in three patients with nausea, diarrhea, and mild reversible elevation in serum creatinine in one patient each.Six patients had a complete response and three patients achieved a partial response, giving an overall response rate of 90% (95% con dence interval, 56%-100%).The median overall survival for the cohort was 36 months (range 4-43 months).In summary, HDMTX is well tolerated in this elderly population with PCNSL and achieves response rates and median survival comparable with other chemotherapy or radiotherapy regimens.
Error in Byline and Author Contributions
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2014)

Undine A. Gerlach, MD; Georgios Vrakas, MD; Srikanth Reddy, MD, PhD, MBBS, FRCS; Daniel C. Baumgart, MD, PhD; Peter Neuhaus, MD, PhD; Peter J. Friend, MD, MA, MB, BChir, FRCS; Andreas Pascher, MD, PhD, MBA; Anil Vaidya, MD
Recommendations for Follow-Up of Health-Care Workers After Occupational Exposure to Hepatitis C Virus
Journal: JAMA (1997)

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a major cause of chronic liver disease in the United States and worldwide. At least 85% of persons with HCV infection become chronically infected, and chronic liver disease with persistently elevated liver enzymes develops in approximately 70% of all HCV-infected persons. Persons with chronic hepatitis C are at risk for cirrhosis and primary hepatocellular carcinoma. Most HCV transmission is associated with direct percutaneous exposure to blood. Health-care workers (HCWs) are at occupational risk for acquiring this viral infection. However, no vaccine is available to prevent hepatitis C, and immune globulin is not recommended for postexposure prophylaxis.
Dr. Stuart McGuire
Journal: JAMA (1942)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Medical Schools in Canada
Journal: JAMA (1990)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
MODIFICATION OF KNEE EXTENSION APPARATUS
Journal: JAMA (1922)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Applications of Arsine Evolution Methods to Environmental Analyses
Authors: Robert S. Braman
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1977)

Because of its biological activity, arsenic is involved in an active global geochemical cycle. Arsenic has been found to be transferred to the atmosphere, at least in part, by evolution of trimethyl arsine and similar methyl arsenic compounds. Because of the environmental importance of the several arsenic forms [inorganic arsenic (III) and (V), methylarsonic acid, dimethylarsenic acid, trimethylarsine, methylarsine, and dimethylarsine], chemical methods for their analysis are needed. Sensitive methods are required because environmental concentrations encountered are generally in the range of 0.01 (or lower) to 3 ppb for natural waters and 1-6 ng As/m3 for arsenic in air. Arsine evolution by pH selective reduction permits specific analyses for inorganic As (III) and As (V). Methylarsenic acids may be reduced to corresponding methylarsines with sodium borohydride after which separation permits specific detection of these arsenic compounds. The most sensitive and selective methods combine reduction, separation, and emission type detectors. The intensity of arsenic atomic emission lines is observed. This type of detector provides a lower limit of detection down to 0.02 ng As per sample. The methods have been applied to a variety of environmental samples.
Book Reviews
Authors: W.D. TenHouten, K.D. Hoppe, J.E. Bogen, D.O. Walter, G.C. Lyketsos, J. Stratigos, G. Tawil, M. Psaras, C.G. Lyketsos, Liisa Keltikangas-Järvinen, Gordon Cole, Paul Bakan, Steven L. Dubovsky, Dale Liechty, Selby Jacobs, John Mason, Thomas Kosten, Stanislav Kasl, Adrian Ostfeld, Stephen Atkins, Charles Gardner, Sanford Schreiber
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1985)
Exercises for Pulmonary Invalids.
Journal: JAMA (1893)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 17215: Exercise Training Restores Dimeric nNOS by Regulating PIN Expression in the Paraventricular Nucleus of Chronic Heart Failure Rats
Authors: Neeru M Sharma, Xuefei Liu, Hong Zheng, Kaushik P Patel
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction and Hypothesis: Exercise training (ExT) is an established non-pharmacological therapy that improves the health and quality of life in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). CHF is characterized by exaggerated sympathetic drive due to an imbalance of the autonomic nervous system. Neuronal nitric oxide synthases (nNOS) in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) produce nitric oxide (NO), which is known to regulate the sympathetic tone. Previously we have shown that during CHF, catalytically active dimeric form of nNOS is significantly decreased (~40% decrease in dimer/monomer ratio) with a concurrent increase in PIN expression (~50%), a protein that uncouples dimeric nNOS to monomers and facilitate its degradation. Dimerization of nNOS also requires tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) for stability and activity. Previously, we have shown that ExT improve NO-mediated sympathetic inhibition in the PVN, however, the molecular mechanism remains elusive. We hypothesized; ExT restores the sympathetic drive by reinstating the levels and catalytically active form of nNOS by abrogating changes in PIN in the PVN of CHF rats. Methods and Results: CHF was induced in adult male Sprague-Dawley rats by coronary artery ligation, which reliably mimics CHF in patients with myocardial infarction. After 4-weeks, Sham and CHF rats were subjected to 3-4 weeks of progressive treadmill exercise. ExT significantly (p &lt; 0.05) restored PIN expression (0.68±0.05 CHF vs 0.40±0.06* ExT-CHF), and reinstated dimer/monomer ratio (0.67±0.04 CHF vs 0.90±0.07* ExT-CHF), in the PVN of rats with CHF. Moreover, we found decreased GTP cyclohydrolase 1(GCH1) expression: a rate-limiting enzyme for BH4 biosynthesis in the PVN of CHF rats (0.74±0.03 Sham vs 0.48±0.02* CHF), suggesting that perhaps reduced BH4 availability may also contribute to decreased nNOS dimers. Interestingly, CHF induced decrease in GCH1 expression was ameliorated with ExT (0.48±0.02 CHF vs 0.70±0.07* ExT-CHF). Conclusions: Our findings revealed that ExT- rectified, decreased PIN and GCH1 expression and improved dimer/monomer ratio of nNOS in the PVN, which may lead to increase NO resulting in amelioration of activated sympathetic drive during CHF. Acknowledgements: AHA- 14SDG19980007 and NIH-HL62222 grants.
Reimbursement for unproven therapies: the case of thermography
Authors: T. C. LaBorde
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —In our article we did not wish to single out thermography or thermographers for condemnation. Rather, our study was an attempt to understand how courts arrive at decisions that run counter to accepted medical science. Laetrile, immunoaugmentative therapy, and thermography are examples of technologies in which courts ordered reimbursement for them despite the fact that they had been assessed as being not safe, not effective, or inadequately evaluated. We remain convinced that thermography was and is an appropriate example for our purposes for the following reasons: The American Medical Association Council on Scientific Affairs<sup>1</sup>found that "thermography had not been demonstrated to have any value as a diagnostic test based on information contained in the 1987 Council Report and reviews by other qualified medical groups." They resolved to study the issue further. The American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons<sup>2</sup>adopted a position statement that the "use of
Stereotyped Patterns of Somatic Hypermutation (SHM) in Subsets of Patients with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL): Implications for the Role of Antigen Selection in Leukemogenesis.
Authors: Fiona Murray, Nikos Darzentas, Anastasia Hadzidimitriou, Gerard Tobin, Myriam Boudjogra, Cristina Scielzo, Nikos Laoutaris, Karin Karlsson, Fanny Baran-Marzsak, Athanasios Tsaftaris, Carol Moreno, Achilles Anagnostopoulos, Federico Caligaris-Cappio, Dominique Vaur, Christos Ouzounis, Chrysoula Belessi, Paolo Ghia, Frederic Davi, Richard Rosenquist, Kostas Stamatopoulos
Journal: Blood (2007)
Auxiliary liver transplantation: Regeneration of the native liver and outcome in 30 patients with fulminant hepatic failure–a multicenter European study
Authors: M Chenard-Neu
Journal: Hepatology (1996)

Auxiliary liver transplantation (LT) is a special procedure of LT which could be proposed to patients with fulminant hepatic failure (FHF) and has for aim that complete regeneration of the native liver (NL) left in place will allow the graft recipient to resume normal liver function after allograft withdrawal. We report 30 cases of auxiliary LT performed for FHF in 12 European centers. Twenty-five of 30 patients were younger than 50 years. The cause of FHF was hepatitis A virus (HAV) in 4 patients, hepatitis B virus (HBV) in 7, paracetamol overdose in 5, ecstasy in 2, hepatotoxic drugs in 4, autoimmune hepatitis in 2, liver lesions of preeclampsia in 1 and unknown in 5. A postoperative, both clinical and histological follow-up of more than 3 weeks was obtained in 22 patients, enabling us to look for indicators predictive of NL regeneration and outcome. Histological changes observed in the NL included complete regeneration in 68%, incomplete regeneration with obvious fibrous sequelae in 14% and severe liver fibrosis or cirrhosis in 18%, of the 22 patients studied. The percentage and distribution of necrosis observed in tissue samples of the NL at the time of transplantation was not related to the final outcome. Complete NL regeneration was observed in 15 patients, out of whom 14 were younger than 40 years. Patients with complete regeneration were mainly affected by FHF due to HAV, HBV, or paracetamol overdose. After a follow-up of 18/11 (mean/median) months (range, 3 to 67 months), 19 of the 30 patients (63%) survived and 13 of them (68%), i.e., 43% of the 30 patients, had resumed normal NL function, with interrupted immunosuppression, the ultimate goal of emergency auxiliary LT. We conclude that, in patients with FHF, auxiliary LT is a procedure feasible in a number of centers and is associated with a complete regeneration capability of the NL in a majority of survivors, especially in those younger than 40 years. Confirmation of these encouraging preliminary results by large-scale prospective studies is required. (Hepatology 1996 May;23(5):1119-27)
Treating Recurrent Glioma with Toca 511
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2017)

Findings from a phase I study suggest that delivering high concentrations of the chemotherapy 5-FU directly to brain tumors via the retroviral vector vocimagene amiretrorepvec, or Toca 511, may benefit patients with recurrent high-grade glioma. This investigational treatment was well tolerated and induced robust, durable responses lasting a median of 3 years.
Erratum: Quantification of donor and recipient hemopoietic cells by real-time PCR of single-nucleotide polymorphisms
Authors: F Maas, N Schaap, S Kolen, A Zoetbrood, I Buño, H Dolstra, T de Witte, A Schattenberg, E van de Wiel-van Kemenade
Journal: Leukemia (2004)
Hepatology Highlights
Authors: Petra Hirsova, Harmeet Malhi, Nicholas Russo, Pir A. Shah, Hirsh Trivedi, Daryl T.Y. Lau, Joseph F. Pisa, Ashley Wu, Nicole Shen, Arun Jesudian, Zaid H. Tafesh, Brett E. Fortune, Moira Hilscher, Nidhi Jalan‐Sakrikar, Omar Mousa
Journal: Hepatology (2019)

Hirsova, Petra1; Malhi, Harmeet1; Russo, Nicholas; Shah, Pir A.†; Trivedi, Hirsh‡; Lau, Daryl T.Y.3; Pisa, Joseph F.; Wu, Ashley§; Shen, Nicole¶; Jesudian, Arun2; Tafesh, Zaid H.¶; Fortune, Brett E.2; Hilscher, Moira#; Jalan‐Sakrikar, Nidhi1; Mousa, Omar1Editor(s): Brown, Robert S. Jr.2,4; Schwartz, Robert E.2 Author Information
置信区间与皮肤病学
Authors: Z.H. Hopkins, C. Moreno, A.M. Secrest
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2019)

这项来自美国的研究旨在探索在报告皮肤病学研究时,置信区间的使用频率如何。置信区间涉及两个值(“区间”),研究者认为在进行数据分析时,实际真实值将会落在此区间内。95% 置信区间表示如果试验重复 100 次,且每次都计算一个 95% 置信区间,将有 95 个区间包含真实值,而剩余 5 个区间不包含真实值。当您想要估计大量人群的某个指标时可以使用置信区间,因此可以只使用此人群中的一个样本。例如,如果您想知道英国有多少人为干性皮肤,您不可能询问每个人,所以您使用一个样本,之后计算您样本中干性皮肤平均人数的范围。由于此样本永远不会确切代表整个人群,您可以说,您有 95% 的信心确定英国干性皮肤的平均人数为 20% 至 30%(举例而言)。置信区间帮助读者更容易地理解统计学意义和临床意义。最新的统计软件包便于计算置信区间,并提供理解研究结果的直观方式。作者们收集了来自过去 10 年不同主要皮肤病学期刊的皮肤病学文献以及《新英格兰医学期刊》的皮肤病学文献。作者们发现,皮肤病学期刊中这一重要指标低到令人失望,每 5 篇文献中只有 1 篇包含置信区间,显著低于《新英格兰医学期刊》中的报告率。越近发表的文献报告置信区间的可能性越高。在控制研究类型和出版年份等因素后,《新英格兰医学期刊》报告置信区间的频率依然更高。这可能是因为极为严格的统计学同行评审过程。尽管不可能让所有期刊均采纳这一严格的要求,提高对这一简单指标的认识可以显著改善皮肤病学文献的统计学报告。我们敦促皮肤病学研究者们在他们的研究结果中纳入这一重要指标。同样,我们建议作为皮肤科住院培训的一部分改善统计学培训。
SELECTIONS.
Journal: JAMA (1892)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Cost-effectiveness of universal hepatitis B virus screening in patients beginning chemotherapy for solid tumors.
Authors: F. L. Day, J. Karnon, D. Rischin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

9054 Background: Universal screening for chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection prior to chemotherapy has been recommended by the Centers for Disease Control. We evaluated the cost-effectiveness of HBV screening prior to chemotherapy given for non-hematopoietic solid tumors (ST). Methods: A decision-analytic model was used to compare the cost-effectiveness of a universal patient screening program conducted as per professional guidelines, versus no screening, in hypothetical patient cohorts beginning adjuvant chemotherapy for early breast cancer or palliative chemotherapy for advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Survival times were extrapolated using Markov models. Probabilities were derived from published studies and costs estimated from the perspective of the Australian health care system. One-way and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were performed, including with the application of an alternative HBV screening strategy. Results: Using an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) threshold of $50,000 Australian dollars per life year (LY) saved, universal HBV screening was not cost-effective for adjuvant patients (ICER $88,173/LY, 13% probability of being cost-effective), palliative patients ($1,343,482/LY, 0%) or pooled (all) ST patients ($149,771/LY, 1%). Sensitivity analyses found screening approached cost-effectiveness among adjuvant patients with the highest reported rates of undiagnosed chronic HBV (65%; $51,979/LY) or HBV reactivation with chemotherapy (41%; $48,799/LY). Cost-effectiveness was also significantly influenced by HBV population prevalence, but insensitive to the relative risk reduction with prophylaxis or prophylactic antiviral drug used. An alternative screening strategy employing HBSAg testing only produced the most economically favorable results, with ICER $30,075/LY (80% probability) for adjuvant patients and $51,115/LY (43%) for the pooled cohort. Conclusions: Universal HBV screening conducted as per current guidelines is not cost-effective in patients with non-hematopoietic ST. Screening may be economically favorable in selected patient subpopulations and/or with simplification of the screening strategy.
Atelectasis after endotracheal anesthesia
Authors: E. F. Skinner
Journal: JAMA (1967)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> The editorial on Emil Fischer (<b>198</b>:313, 1966) is an interesting description of an amazing man. There is an error in the description of Veronal (p 314) as "one of the first of the modern soporifics that preceded the barbiturates." Actually, Vernonal is a name that Fischer applied to barbital, or diethyl barbituric acid. The name "diethylmalonyl urea" is the original nomenclature for diethyl barbituric acid. There is a story that Fischer visited Verona and found it to be so sleepy a town that he chose the name for his best soporific.
CONTROL OF LEPROSY.
Journal: JAMA (1901)

The Molokai leper settlement, according to reports, is decreasing in population. Five years ago there were 1300 lepers, while now there are barely 900. The general cleaning out of the lepers from the other islands and their transference to Molokai since the downfall of the Hawaiian monarchy, has affected the source; there are fewer cases of the disease among the general population, and, therefore, less chance of its spread. Last year an even hundred lepers were sent to the settlment; thus far in the present year not much over 50 have been found to recruit its waning membership. Since annexation still stricter rules have been adopted and it seems probable that we may soon see this famous aggregation of this most loathsome disease become insignificant as compared with its past. There is a chance for another to take its place, however, in the Philippines where the lepers, it is