tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Syncope
Authors: M C Petch
Journal: BMJ (1994)

though other studies have reported that this dose is effective.What conclusions can be drawn at this stage?Firstly, any benefits of low dose aspirin for patients at risk of preeclampsia (at least as defined by current criteria) are uncertain.At best, it is likely to benefit only a minority.Secondly, subgroup analysis suggests that those with a history of early pre-eclampsia and preterm delivery may benefit more.Such patients are particularly likely to have had hypertension or renal disease.For these patients the risk of problems in subsequent pregnancies is particularly high; the collaborative study suggests that the risks of treatment are small.The authors of the low dose aspirin study rightly conclude that the results of their own and previous studies do not justify routine prophylaxis or the therapeutic use of antiplatelet treatment in all pregnant women who are at risk of preeclampsia or intrauterine growth retardation.In fact, late entry to the collaborative study for therapeutic reasons was, if anything, associated with increased perinatal mortality.Obstetricians may consider treating women-before 20 weeks of pregnancy who have a history of early pre-eclampsia, but clearly this excludes most women for whom aspirin was hoped to provide benefit.We still have a long way to go before we have really effective means of preventing or controlling this complex condition.
Horseback-Riding—Associated Traumatic Brain Injuries—Oklahoma, 1992-1994
Journal: JAMA (1996)

Each year, traumatic brain injury (TBI) is associated with 52,000 deaths and accounts for one third of all injury deaths in the United States; in addition approximately 80,000 persons who survive TBI incur some loss of function, residual disability, and increased medical-care needs because of these injuries. Major causes of TBI are motor-vehicle crashes, falls, assaults, and sports and recreational activities. During 1992-1993 in Oklahoma, horseback riding was the leading cause of sports-related TBI. To further characterize horseback-riding-associated TBIs, the Oklahoma State Department of Health (OSDH) and CDC analyzed these injuries for 1992-1994. This report summarizes the findings of this analysis.
Variations in methadone treatment practices. Results from a national study
Authors: T. D'Aunno
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To examine the extent to which outpatient methadone maintenance treatment units are engaging in treatment practices that previous research indicates are ineffective (eg, inadequate dose levels); to examine factors that may be related to variation in methadone treatment practices. <h3>Design.</h3> —Survey of unit directors and clinical supervisors. <h3>Setting.</h3> —The study includes units that vary in terms of ownership (public, private for-profit, or private not-for-profit) and setting (eg, hospital-based, mental health center—based, or free-standing facility). <h3>Participants.</h3> —A national random sample of 172 units participated, for an 82% response rate; the data were weighted to ensure that they were nationally representative. <h3>Main Outcome Measures.</h3> —Clients' awareness of and influence on doses; units' use of take-home dosages; upper limits on doses; average dose levels; unit emphasis on decreasing dosages; time when clients are encouraged to detoxify; average length of treatment. <h3>Results.</h3> —The data indicate that many units have treatment practices such as low average dose levels that are not effective according to the majority of previous studies. Units with higher average dose levels have longer average lengths of time in treatment. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —Steps should be taken to monitor and, if necessary, change the treatment practices of methadone units that are providing inadequate dose levels with little client input. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1992;267:253-258)
Identification of Catalase Following Electrophoresis on Acrylamide Gels
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Fixed Obstructive Lung Disease in Workers at a Microwave Popcorn Factory--Missouri, 2000-2002
Journal: JAMA (2002)

In May 2000, an occupational medicine physician contacted the Missouri Department of Health and Senior Services (MoDHSS) to report eight cases of fixed obstructive lung disease in former workers of a microwave popcorn factory. Four of the patients were on lung transplant lists. All eight had a respiratory illness resembling bronchiolitis obliterans with symptoms of cough and dyspnea on exertion, had worked at the same popcorn factory (factory A) at some time during 1992-2000, and had spirometric test results that were lower than normal for both FEV1 (forced expiratory volume in 1 second) and FEV1/FVC (forced vital capacity) ratio. Employment durations ranged from 8 months to 9 years. MoDHSS requested assistance from CDC's National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health in evaluating factory A for respiratory hazards to workers. This report summarizes the epidemiologic findings motivating the technical assistance request and preliminary results. The findings of this investigation indicate that workers exposed to flavorings at microwave popcorn factories are at risk for developing fixed obstructive lung disease. Public health authorities, employers, and health-care providers are collaborating to prevent obstructive lung disease in popcorn factory workers.
The 1990 JAMA Peer Reviewers List
Journal: JAMA (1991)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
CORRECTIONS
Authors: Robert Mittendorf, Michelle Williams, Antonio Convit, Mony De Leon, Chaim Tarshish, Susan De Santi, Alan Kluger, Henry Rusinek, Ajax George, David Swerdlow, Orin Levine, Michael Toole, Ronald Waldman, Robert Tauxe, Inga Zerr, Marion Helmhold, Victor Armstrong
Journal: The Lancet (1995)
A Short History of Nautical Medicine
Journal: JAMA (1942)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Case 7-2011: A 52-Year-Old Man with Upper Respiratory Symptoms and Low Oxygen Saturation Levels
Authors: Brian Kavanagh, Karen Mccowen
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2011)

The original 2001 report 1 by Van den Berghe et al. provided important preliminary data.It was assumed that intensive insulin therapy provided benefit, but because of the design, it is also possible that the control management caused harm.Despite this uncertainty, intensive insulin therapy was prematurely and widely implemented.However, the authors' 2006 study 2 was not confirmatory, since intensive insulin therapy resulted in no benefit in the primary outcome of in-hospital mortality.Although a secondary analysis suggested reduced mortality in "long stay" patients, this finding implied that there was a reciprocally increased rate of death in the "short stay" group. 3In addition, the reported morbidity benefits have not been replicated in subsequent studies. 4The control management in the Normoglycemia in Intensive Care Evaluation-Survival Using Glucose Algorithm Regulation (NICE-SUGAR) study 5 constituted a moderate glycemic-control strategy (<180 mg per deciliter), necessitating substantial amounts of insulin. 5Such a glucose target is not "neglect," and the strategy was associated with a lower mortality than was intensive insulin therapy.We recommend the infusion of glucose only to provide energy or to treat hypoglycemia.Our recommendations are not surprising; they are consistent with best estimates from available data and are reflected in those guidelines that have been updated.
Characterization and clinical relevance of liver-pancreas antibodies in autoimmune hepatitis
Authors: E Stechemesser
Journal: Hepatology (1993)

The isolation of a marker antigen from rat liver and pancreas tissue, which reacts with antibodies in a subtype of autoimmune hepatitis by complement fixation test, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Western blot, is described. The liver-pancreas antigen could be detected in tissue from different human or animal organs, but liver and pancreas yielded the highest activity. A highly specific antigen fraction was obtained by gel filtration and ion exchange chromatography with a 100,000 g supernatant from rat liver tissue, and this preparation was shown to be devoid of nuclear, mitochondrial and microsomal antigens and cytokeratin 8 and 18, as demonstrated by appropriate marker antibodies. These data and absorption studies with cell organelles indicate that liver-pancreas antigen is a cytosolic protein. By Western blotting, two major epitopes at molecular weights 52 kD and 48 kD could be visualized. Sera from 175 patients previously shown to have high complement-fixing activity to a nonpurified liver-pancreas antigen fraction were further analyzed. All were positive by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with the purified liver-pancreas antigen fractions, and 111 were also positive by Western blot. Eighty-six sera reacted with the 52-kD determinant, 33 with the 48-kD determinant and 2 with both determinants. In 117 of the 175 patients, antibody to liver-pancreas antigen was associated with other autoantibodies known to characterize subgroups of autoimmune hepatitis. Thus 19 patients had antibodies to nuclei and 96 to actin but none to liver-kidney microsomes, hereby suggesting that antibody to liverpancreas antigen may define another subgroup of autoimmune hepatitis. Only 38 (9%) of 425 patients with autoimmune hepatitis types 1 (lupoid hepatitis) and 2 (liver-kidney microsome 1 antibody–positive hepatitis) and 4 (3%) of 128 patients with chronic hepatitis B and C were positive for the antibody to liver-pancreas antigen as tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. None of the 196 patients with nonhepatic disorders had this antibody type. A classification of three different subgroups of autoimmune hepatitis is proposed: type 1a, lupoid hepatitis (antinuclear antibody positive with or without actin antibody); type 1b, only actin antibody positive; type 2, liver-kidney microsome 1 antibody positive; and type 3, liver-pancreas antigen antibody positive (with or without other autoantibodies). With this classification, group 3 comprises around 30%. (HEPATOLOGY 1993;18:1–9.
Expelled.
Authors: F. W. Walz
Journal: JAMA (1895)

Cleveland, Ohio, Feb. 24,1895. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Please publish in ourJournal, the following resolution as adopted by the medical staff of the German Hospital of this city, viz: "<i>Resolved</i>, That Dr. F. D. Brandenburg be hereby expelled from this staff for unprofessional conduct,<i>i. e.</i>, the giving of a fulsome certificate to the proprietor of a certain mineral water under the name of this staff, without their knowledge or approval, and which certificate we hereby repudiate." Yours respectfully,
Die klinische Röntgendiagnostik der inneren Erkrankungen.
Journal: JAMA (1924)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
220O Claudin 18.2 – a novel treatment target in the multicenter, randomized, phase II FAST study, a trial of epirubicin, oxaliplatin, and capecitabine (EOX) with or without the anti-CLDN18.2 antibody IMAB362 as 1st line therapy in advanced gastric and gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) cancer
Authors: F. Lordick, M. Schuler, S-E. Al-Batran, Z. Zvirbule, G. Manikhas, A. Rusyn, Y. Vinnyk, I. Vynnychenko, N. Fadeeva, M. Nechaeva, A. Dudov, E. Gotovkin, A. Pecheniy, I. Bazin, I. Bondarenko, B. Melichar, C. Huber, U. Sahin, Ö. Türeci
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2016)
Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose Among Adults With Diabetes—United States, 1997-2006
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Blood-glucose control is critical for managing diabetes and preventing diabetes-related complications such as cardiovascular disease, retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy. In addition to recommending that patients with diabetes have a glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) measurement at least two times a year, the American Diabetes Association recommends self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) as an integral part of diabetes management for patients who are treated with insulin and as a useful component for achieving glycemic goals for patients who use oral medications or medical nutrition therapy. One of the Healthy People 2010 national objectives is to increase to 61% the proportion of persons with diabetes who perform SMBG at least once a day (objective 5-17). To estimate the rates of SMBG and to track the progress of states during 1997-2006, CDC analyzed data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) for that period. This report summarizes the findings of that analysis, which indicated that the proportion of adults with diabetes who check their blood glucose at least once a day increased at the national level, and 25 of the 38 states examined had statistically significant rate increases from 1997 to 2006. In 2006, the daily SMBG rate was 63.4% among all adults with diabetes and 86.7% among those treated with insulin. Collaborations to ensure adequate health insurance coverage, diabetes education and counseling to encourage more intensive medical care and self-management practices, and continued surveillance measures to track changes in SMBG rates are needed to improve and monitor SMBG trends.
Toward a 21st-Century Health Care System: The Devil Is in the Details
Authors: Umesh Gidwani
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2009)

Letters1 September 2009Toward a 21st-Century Health Care System: The Devil Is in the DetailsUmesh Gidwani, MDUmesh Gidwani, MDFrom Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY 10029.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-151-5-200909010-00023 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:I fear that the focus on “universal coverage” in the article by Arrow and colleagues (1) and the consequent debate almost completely ignore another important principle that should be an integral part of health care reform: a single-payer system. The massive chunk of health care dollars (about 30%) being siphoned off by for-profit intermediaries is almost enough to pay for all uninsured persons in the U.S. (about 18%). Is the academic health care establishment so weakened that they cannot withstand these vested interests?Umesh Gidwani, MDMount Sinai HospitalNew York, NY 10029Reference1. Arrow K, Auerbach A, Bertko J, Brownlee S, Casalino LP, Cooper J, et al. Toward a 21st-century health care system: recommendations for health care reform. Ann Intern Med. 2009;150:493-5. [PMID: 19258550] LinkGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY 10029.Disclosures: None disclosed. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoToward a 21st-Century Health Care System: Recommendations for Health Care Reform Kenneth Arrow , Alan Auerbach , John Bertko , Shannon Brownlee , Lawrence P. Casalino , Jim Cooper , Francis J. Crosson , Alain Enthoven , Elizabeth Falcone , Robert C. Feldman , Victor R. Fuchs , Alan M. Garber , Marthe R. Gold , Dana Goldman , Gillian K. Hadfield , Mark A. Hall , Ralph I. Horwitz , Michael Hooven , Peter D. Jacobson , Timothy Stoltzfus Jost , Lawrence J. Kotlikoff , Jonathan Levin , Sharon Levine , Richard Levy , Karen Linscott , Harold S. Luft , Robert Mashal , Daniel McFadden , David Mechanic , David Meltzer , Joseph P. Newhouse , Roger G. Noll , Jan B. Pietzsch , Philip Pizzo , Robert D. Reischauer , Sara Rosenbaum , William Sage , Leonard D. Schaeffer , Edward Sheen , B. Michael Silber , Jonathan Skinner , Stephen M. Shortell , Samuel O. Thier , Sean Tunis , Lucien Wulsin Jr. , Paul Yock , Gabi Bin Nun , Stirling Bryan , Osnat Luxenburg , and Wynand P.M.M. van de Ven Toward a 21st-Century Health Care System: The Devil Is in the Details Philip Cohen Toward a 21st-Century Health Care System: The Devil Is in the Details Lester Mayers Toward a 21st-Century Health Care System: The Devil Is in the Details Robert M. Hansen Metrics 1 September 2009Volume 151, Issue 5Page: 366KeywordsConflicts of interestFearHealth care ePublished: 1 September 2009 Issue Published: 1 September 2009 CopyrightCopyright © 2009 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
The Role of Epidemiology in the Detection of Harmful Effects of Radiation
Authors: Alice Stewart
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2000)

Data relating to acute injuries of atomic bomb survivors show that the life span study cohort is biased in favor of exceptionally low levels of radiosensitivity. These data also show that factors influencing the death rates of this cohort include irreversible damage to the immune system. These impressions are still awaiting confirmation. Meanwhile, the Oxford Survey of Childhood Cancers and surveys of nuclear workers show that at low dose levels the cancer risk is much greater than estimates based on atomic bomb survivors; the special association between leukemia and radiation is an exclusively high dose effect, and levels of radiosensitivity are much lower in the middle of the life span than at either extreme.
Clinical Diagnosis
Authors: NOBLE O. FOWLER
Journal: Circulation (1972)

In the majority of instances, the clinical diagnosis of angina pectoris can be made from the history alone. The chest discomfort is characteristically a sensation of deep pressure, is occasionally of burning quality, is found near the sternum, not sharply localized, and has a gradual buildup. Its duration is most often 2-10 min, but may be 30 sec to 30 min or more. Physical effort, emotional strain, large meals, nightmares, or sexual intercourse are common precipitating factors. Nitroglycerin tends to relieve the distress within 1-2 min, but the response is often difficult to evaluate, especially with angina of brief duration or with acute unstable rest angina. Physical examination of the anginal patient is often negative between attacks. During an attack of rest angina, the physical examination usually reveals increased systolic blood pressure and tachycardia. A fourth heart sound and a delayed apical systolic murmur may be found. Premature ventricular beats may develop. The resting electrocardiogram is normal in the majority of patients with angina pectoris. During the anginal attack, the electrocardiogram usually reveals an increase of the heart rate and ischemic flat or downsloping S-T-segment depressions of 0.08-sec duration or more. The exercise electrocardiogram is most useful when the stress is sufficient to increase the heart rate to 85 or 90% of the predicted maximum for the age of the patient. An abnormal exercise electrocardiogram is found in 80-90% of patients with angina when they are tested by the graded treadmill exercise test of Sheffield and Reeves, but in only 50-60% of those tested by the Master's exercise test. Varieties of angina pectoris which may differ from the foregoing include: Prinzmetal's variant angina, unstable angina (acute coronary insufficiency, crescendo angina), atypical angina, and angina with syncope. Angina pectoris must be distinguished from the discomfort of anxiety neurosis, hiatal hernia, cervical spine disease, gallbladder disease, Tietze's syndrome, and post-herpetic neuralgia.