tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 437: Mitochondrial Cardiomyopathies Feature Enhanced Mitochondrial Calcium Signaling
Authors: Salah Sommakia, Patrick Houlihan, Sadiki Deane, Judith Simcox, Claudio Villanueva, David Clapham, Dipayan Chaudhuri
Journal: Circulation Research (2017)

Mitochondrial diseases often feature early onset of dilated cardiomyopathy, due to the large energetic demand placed by the heart. Among regulators of mitochondrial respiration, we focus on calcium, which potently stimulates ATP synthesis. We assessed the hypothesis that cells boost mitochondrial calcium to stimulate respiration as this declines in mitochondrial cardiomyopathies. To this end, we studied mice that develop a neonatal, severe cardiomyopathy caused by cardiac-specific knockout (KO) of mitochondrial transcription factor A ( Tfam ). Such deletion impairs transcription of mitochondrial DNA, which encodes multiple subunits of the electron transport chain (ETC). Tfam KO mice exhibited a dilated cardiomyopathy, with decreased fractional shortening and increased LV diameters, and had marked inhibition of multiple ETC complexes. We determined that Tfam KO mitochondria took up calcium twice as fast as mitochondria from littermate controls, while calcium efflux was approximately 70% slower. Whole-mitoplast voltage clamp revealed that the enhanced calcium uptake was due to an increase in the current carried by the uniporter. Furthermore, the larger uniporter current reflected increased amounts of uniporter subunit proteins. This occurred despite a reduction in the transcripts of genes encoding these subunits, suggesting a post-translational mechanism for the enhanced uniporter stability. Finally, we found that the rate of ADP-stimulated oxygen consumption in calcium-free solution was 50% less in the Tfam KO mitochondria compared to controls, but increased substantially more, nearly to control levels, when calcium was present (2.5-fold increase for KO versus 1.7-fold for control). In conclusion, enhanced mitochondrial calcium signaling in a mitochondrial cardiomyopathy model may serve to compensate for energetic failure.
Impact of first-responder defibrillation in an urban emergency medical services system
Authors: A L Kellermann, B B Hackman, G Somes, T K Kreth, L Nail, P Dobyns
Journal: JAMA (1993)

To evaluate the impact of adding first-responder defibrillation by fire-fighters to an existing advanced life-support emergency medical services system.Nonrandomized, controlled clinical trial with periodic crossover.Memphis, Tenn, a city of 610,337 people, which is served by a fire department-based emergency medical services system. All city ambulances provide advanced life support.Adult victims of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest due to heart disease.Twenty of 40 participating engine companies were equipped with an automated external defibrillator and ordered to apply it immediately in all cases of cardiac arrest. The other 20 companies were ordered to start cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) immediately and wait for paramedics to arrive. Every 75 days, group roles were reversed. Care otherwise proceeded according to 1986 American Heart Association guidelines.Return of spontaneous circulation in the field, survival to hospital admission, survival to hospital discharge, and neurological status at discharge.During the 39-month study interval, 879 patients were treated by a project engine company. Four hundred thirty-one (49%) of these were found in ventricular fibrillation. Bystander CPR was started in only 12% of cases. Overall, firefighters reached the scene a mean of 2.5 minutes faster than simultaneously dispatched paramedics. Although our automated external defibrillators proved to be reliable and efficacious for terminating ventricular fibrillation and pulseless ventricular tachycardia, patients treated by an automated external defibrillator-equipped engine company were no more likely than CPR-treated controls to be resuscitated (32% vs 34%, respectively), to survive to hospital admission (31% vs 29%), or to survive to hospital discharge (14% vs 10%). Neurological outcomes were also similar in the two treatment groups.In a fast-response, urban emergency medical services system served by paramedics, the impact of adding first-responder defibrillation appears to be small. Early defibrillation alone cannot overcome low community rates of bystander CPR. Careful attention to every link in the "chain of survival" is needed to achieve optimal rates of survival after cardiac arrest.
Amer J of Digestive Diseases, New York
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Medical News
Journal: JAMA (1925)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Highlights
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Sofosbuvir and Ribavirin in Hepatitis C 804In a randomized trial that enrolled 60 treatment-naive patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 1 infection-including those with unfavorable treatment characteristics such as black race, genotype 1a, advanced liver fibrosis, and obesity-Osinusi and colleagues assessed the effect of treatment with sofosbuvir in combination with ribavirin on sustained virologic response-defined as an undetectable HCV viral load assessed 24 weeks after treatment completion.The authors report that a 24-week regimen of sofosbuvir and weight-based or low-dose ribavirin resulted in sustained viral response rates of 68% and 48%, respectively.
Abstract 2494: Beneficial Actions of Co-Targeting Particulate and Soluble Guanylate Cyclase Dependent cGMP Pools in Experimental Heart Failure
Authors: Guido Boerrigter, Lisa C Costello-Boerrigter, Harald Lapp, Johannes-Peter Stasch, John C Burnett
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background: B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) signals via particulate guanylyl cyclase (pGC) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). In heart failure (HF), BNP reduces cardiac filling pressures and in selected patients augments sodium excretion and glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Studies have established that pGC and soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC), the main target of nitric oxide (NO), can be compartmentalized with both enzymes affecting distinct intracellular cGMP pools, resulting in different biological actions. Importantly, sGC may be oxidized in disease states like HF making it unresponsive to NO and nitrovasodilators. BAY 58 –2667 (BAY) is a novel NO and heme independent sGC activator that preferentially stimulates oxidized sGC. We hypothesized that adding direct sGC stimulation with BAY to pGC activation with BNP in HF would enhance vasodilation and cardiac unloading without attenuating the distinct renal actions of BNP. Methods: Severe HF was induced by tachypacing in 13 dogs. On day 11, cardiorenal function was assessed in an acute study under anesthesia at baseline and with intravenous BNP (50 ng/kg/min) alone or in combination with BAY (0.3 ug/kg/min). Results: BNP significantly increased urine flow (UV), urinary sodium excretion (UNaV), GFR, renal blood flow (RBF) and systemic vascular resistance (SVR) and decreased cardiac output (CO), mean arterial pressure (MAP), right atrial pressure (RAP) and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP). Despite a greater decrease in MAP compared to BNP, BAY+BNP resulted in similar increases in UNaV, UV and GFR. Dual pGC and sGC stimulation resulted in greater decreases in SVR, RAP and PCWP together with an augmentation of CO compared to BNP alone. Conclusion: Particulate GC activation with BNP in experimental HF enhances renal function and leads to renal but not systemic vasodilation. Addition of the sGC stimulator BAY provides systemic vasodilation, greater cardiac unloading, and augmented CO. Despite a larger decrease in MAP, additional sGC stimulation does not impair the renal actions observed with pGC stimulation alone. These findings support coactivation of sGC with BAY and pGC with BNP as a novel and beneficial therapeutic strategy in HF to optimize activation of distinct GC enzymes and cGMP.
Schweizerische Medizinische Wochenschrift, Basel
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Bevacizumab as adjuvant treatment for colon cancer: Updated results from the AVANT phase III study by the GERCOR group
Authors: T. André, D. Vernerey, S.-A. Im, G.M. Bodoky, R. Buzzoni, S. Reingold, F. Rivera, J. McKendrick, W. Scheithauer, R. Geva, G. Fountzilas, W.P. Yong, R. Isaacs, P. Österlund, J.-T. Liang, G.-J. Creemers, E. Van Cutsem, D. Cunningham, J. Tabernero, A. De Gramont
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2019)
Intensive care of status asthmaticus. A 10-year experience
Authors: S. S. Braman
Journal: JAMA (1990)

Previous reports have disclosed a high morbidity and mortality in hospitalized asthmatics, especially those treated in the intensive care unit. Recently, it has been questioned whether the benefits of treating asthmatics in the intensive care unit outweigh the potential hazards. To address this issue, we examined the outcome of status asthmaticus in our medical intensive care unit between January 1, 1978, and December 31, 1987. Eighty episodes of status asthmaticus occurred in 64 patients. In 50 episodes, respiratory failure (Paco<sub>2</sub>&gt;50 mm Hg) was present. In half of these episodes, mechanical ventilation was avoided despite severe acidosis and hypercapnia; in the remainder mechanical ventilation was required as a lifesaving measure. Most patients improved rapidly and required only a short stay in the intensive care unit. There were no deaths and few complications. This was accomplished by close monitoring and repetitive blood gas analysis. We believe that the previous high complication rates and mortality associated with the hospital care of status asthmaticus can be avoided. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1990;264:366-368)
Serum antioxidants as predictors of adult respiratory distress syndrome in patients with sepsis
Authors: J.A. Leff, C.E. Day, J.M. McCord, J.E. Repine, P.E. Parsons, F.A. Moore, E.E. Moore, N. Taniguchi, M. Jochum, H. Fritz
Journal: The Lancet (1993)
Effectiveness of Olanzapine, Quetiapine, Risperidone, and Ziprasidone in Patients With Chronic Schizophrenia Following Discontinuation of a Previous Atypical Antipsychotic
Authors: T Scott Stroup, Jeffrey A Lieberman, Joseph P McEvoy, Marvin S Swartz, Sonia M Davis, Robert A Rosenheck, Diana O Perkins, Richard S E Keefe, Clarence E Davis, Joanne Severe, John K Hsiao
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2006)

Background: In the treatment of schizophrenia, changing antipsychotics is common when one treatment is suboptimally effective, but the relative effectiveness of drugs used in this strategy is unknown. This randomized, double-blind study compared olanzapine, quetiapine, risperidone, and ziprasidone in patients who had just discontinued a different atypical antipsychotic. Method: Subjects with schizophrenia (N=444) who had discontinued the atypical antipsychotic randomly assigned during phase 1 of the Clinical Antipsychotic Trials of Intervention Effectiveness (CATIE) investigation were randomly reassigned to double-blind treatment with a different antipsychotic (olanzapine, 7.5–30 mg/day [N=66]; quetiapine, 200–800 mg/day [N=63]; risperidone, 1.5–6.0 mg/day [N=69]; or ziprasidone, 40–160 mg/day [N=135]). The primary aim was to determine if there were differences between these four treatments in effectiveness measured by time until discontinuation for any reason. Results: The time to treatment discontinuation was longer for patients treated with risperidone (median: 7.0 months) and olanzapine (6.3 months) than with quetiapine (4.0 months) and ziprasidone (2.8 months). Among patients who discontinued their previous antipsychotic because of inefficacy (N=184), olanzapine was more effective than quetiapine and ziprasidone, and risperidone was more effective than quetiapine. There were no significant differences between antipsychotics among those who discontinued their previous treatment because of intolerability (N=168). Conclusions: Among this group of patients with chronic schizophrenia who had just discontinued treatment with an atypical antipsychotic, risperidone and olanzapine were more effective than quetiapine and ziprasidone as reflected by longer time until discontinuation for any reason.
Intestinal Transplantation
Authors: Andreas G. Tzakis, Satoru Todo, Thomas E. Starzl, M.D.
Journal: Annual Review of Medicine (1994)

Intestinal transplantation is often the only alternative form of treatment for patients dependent on total parenteral nutrition for survival. Although a limited number of intestinal transplantations have been performed, results with FK 506 immunosuppression are comparable to those for other organ transplants. The impact of successful intestinal transplantation on gastroenterology will likely be similar to the impact of kidney and liver transplantation on nephrology and hepatology.
Archives of Ophthalmology, Chicago
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Oral Complications of Cancer Therapies: Diagnosis, Prevention, and Treatment
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1990)

Journal Article Oral Complications of Cancer Therapies: Diagnosis, Prevention, and Treatment Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 82, Issue 10, 16 May 1990, Page 889, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/82.10.889 Published: 16 May 1990
Detailed Report of the Working Group'S Review of BCDDP
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1979)

Detailed Report of the Working Group'S Review of BCDDP Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 62, Issue 3, March 1979, Pages 651–654, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/62.3.651 Published: 01 March 1979
NECROLALIA
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Efficacy of platinum chemotherapy agents in the adjuvant setting for adenosquamous carcinoma of the pancreas.
Authors: Aaron Tyler Wild, Avani Satish Dholakia, Katherine Yu-Ting Fan, Rachit Kumar, Daniel A. Laheru, Lei Zheng, Ana De Jesus-Acosta, Susannah G. Ellsworth, Amy Hacker-Prietz, K Ranh Voong, Ralph H. Hruban, Phuoc T. Tran, Timothy M. Pawlik, Christopher Lee Wolfgang, Joseph M. Herman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

269 Background: Pancreatic adenosquamous carcinoma (PASC) accounts for only 1-4% of exocrine pancreatic cancers and carries a particularly poor prognosis. This retrospective study was performed to determine whether inclusion of a platinum agent as part of adjuvant therapy is associated with improved survival in patients with PASC. Methods: Records of all patients who underwent pancreatic resection at our institution from 1986-2012 were reviewed to identify those with PASC. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards modeling was used to assess for significant associations between patient characteristics and survival. Results: In total, 62 patients with PASC were identified among 5,627 cases (1.1%). Median age was 68 (interquartile range [IQR], 57-77) and 44% were female. Multivariate analysis revealed that among all patients (n=62) the following factors were independently predictive of survival: lack of adjuvant therapy (hazard ratio [HR]=3.558, p=0.0002), positive margin (HR=3.466, p=0.0003), lymph node involvement (HR=3.482, p=0.004), and age (HR=1.030, p=0.035). Among patients who underwent adjuvant therapy (n=39), those who received a platinum agent as part of the adjuvant therapy regimen experienced a longer median survival of 19.1 months (95% CI, 13.8-24.4) compared to 10.7 months (95% CI, 7.9-13.5) for patients who never received a platinum agent (p=0.011, log-rank test). Given this improvement in survival on univariate analysis, a second multivariable model was constructed to elucidate factors associated with survival among patients who received adjuvant therapy in order to confirm the univariate result while controlling for potential confounding risk factors. Backward elimination performed using this second multivariable model revealed that inclusion of a platinum agent in the adjuvant regimen (median survival HR=0.408, p=0.040) and larger tumor diameter (HR=1.259, p=0.047) were independent predictors of survival for this cohort. Conclusions: Addition of a platinum agent to adjuvant regimens for resected PASC should be considered as a means to improve survival among these high risk patients, though collaborative prospective investigation is needed.
Familial hypocomplementemic hemolytic uremic syndrome with HLA-A3,B7 haplotype
Authors: L. Carreras
Journal: JAMA (1981)

We describe a familial, relapsing type of hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) that has a possible genetic origin. Three members of a family, aged between 15 months and 34 years, evidenced HUS. Histological examination disclosed thrombotic microangiopathy. Recurrences, persistent hypocomplementemia, and the HLA haplotype A3,B7 were a common factor. We studied 17 members of this family and found a low C3 level from activation of the alternative pathway in the haplotype A3,B7 carriers. These three patients with HUS probably had a congenital and hereditary condition in which immunologic factors played a role in its pathogenesis. (<i>JAMA</i>1981;245:602-604)
Cyanide Poisoning From Apricot Seeds
Authors: Mark J. Rubno
Journal: JAMA (1979)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Laetrile (amygdalin), found in the kernels of apricot seeds and other fruits, has recently been legalized in several states for the treatment of cancer. Amygdalin is a cyanogenic glycoside that on hydrolysis yields hydrogen cyanide. Although supporters of laetrile as a cancer remedy maintain it has no toxicity, several reports document its toxic effects (238:482, 1977; 238:1361, 1977; 239:1532,1978). We report yet another case of cyanide poisoning from the ingestion of apricot seeds. <h3>Report of a Case.—</h3> On June 8, 1978, a 49-year-old woman with nodular lymphoma diagnosed six years earlier ate 20 to 40 apricot pits, which she had purchased in a local health food store. The patient denied using the pits as a cancer treatment or preventive; rather, they were a substitute for her regular lunch. Within half an hour the patient noted headache, weakness, disorientation, and nausea. She vomited once or twice, regurgitating substantial