tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Amiodarone and Ventricular Arrhythmia Suppression
Authors: Soo G. Kim
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1993)

Letters15 February 1993Amiodarone and Ventricular Arrhythmia SuppressionSoo G. Kim, MD, James A. Roth, MD, and John D. Fisher, MDSoo G. Kim, MDSearch for more papers by this author, James A. Roth, MDSearch for more papers by this author, and John D. Fisher, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-118-4-199302150-00025 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:Dr. Cook made an assumption that we used ANOVA to compare average ventricular premature complexes per hour on each study day [1]. In the Statistical Methods section, we stated that ANOVA, the Kruskal-Wallis test, or the Fisher exact test was used to compare appropriate variables. Because ventricular premature complexes in our study patients were not normally distributed, the appropriate measure was the Kruskal-Wallis test. Dr. Cook assumed that we used ANOVA in this situation, and calls our conclusion “erroneous.” It was not considered necessary to note that the Kruskal-Wallis result was compared with the chi-square distribution with 7 ...References1. Kim SG, Mannino MM, Chou R, Roth S, Roth JA, Desai B, et al. Rapid suppression of spontaneous ventricular arrhythmias during oral amiodarone loading. Ann Intern Med. 1992; 117:197-201. Google Scholar2. Kim SG. The management of patients with life-threatening ventricular tachyarrhythmias: programmed stimulation or Holter monitoring (either or both)? Circulation. 1987; 76:1-5. Google Scholar3. Pratt CM, Hallstrom A, Theroux P, Romhilt D, Coromilas J, Myles J. Avoiding interpretive pitfalls when assessing arrhythmia suppression after myocardial infarction: insights from the long-term observations of the placebo-treated patients in the Cardiac Arrhythmia Pilot Study (CAPS). J Am Coll Cardiol. 1992; 17:1-8. Google Scholar4. Mason JW, the ESVEM Investigators. Unsustained ventricular tachycardia as a predictor of spontaneous sustained ventricular tachycardia in the ESVEM study (Abstract). Circulation. 1991; 84:II-348. Google Scholar5. Kim SG. Values and limitations of programmed stimulation and ambulatory monitoring in the management of ventricular tachycardia. Am J Cardiol. 1988; 62:7I-12I. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 February 1993Volume 118, Issue 4Page: 316KeywordsAcute myocardial infarctionAnalysis of varianceArrhythmiaDrugsHeartStatistical methodsVentricular tachycardia Issue Published: 15 February 1993 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1993 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Inconsistent Units of Measure
Authors: Peter Bach
Journal: JAMA (2015)

In Reply Dr Messori and colleagues describe an approach to paying for cancer therapies in Italy that shares some essential features with indication-specific pricing as I discussed in a Viewpoint, but it is not the same.What the approaches share is the premise that payment should not be associated with the drug but instead with its use.Likewise, both approaches ultimately reward pharmaceutical companies more when their drugs are more effective.Where the approaches differ is that the Italian system focuses on the results of the drug when used in a particular patient and payment levels are altered based on that.My indication-specific pricing proposal focused on paying the same amount for a drug when used in each patient with a condition, regardless of whether it was effective in that patient or not.Instead, the payment amount would be anchored to the average effect of the drug.The payment-for-results approach described by Messori and colleagues has deep intuitive appeal.What could be better than only paying for a drug when it works?It also explicitly contemplates the reality that treatments may not work as well in the real world as they do in clinical studies.Its primary shortcoming is the administrative complexity of following patients and determining what effect the treatments have had and then financially reconciling those outcomes.From a pharmaceutical industry perspective, there are challenges as well, for instance the uncertainty introduced by not knowing if a sale can be booked or could instead need to be refunded.What I proposed was primarily driven by the strong evidence that drugs work differently across their own indications, and therefore prices could be set more rationally if priced based on their indication-specific effectiveness.This could be done based on clinical trial data and avoid the need for follow-up of outcomes or payback schemes.
Safety of synthetic and biological DMARDs: a systematic literature review informing the 2019 update of the EULAR recommendations for the management of rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Alexandre Sepriano, Andreas Kerschbaumer, Josef S Smolen, Désirée van der Heijde, Maxime Dougados, Ronald van Vollenhoven, Iain B McInnes, Johannes W Bijlsma, Gerd R Burmester, Maarten de Wit, Louise Falzon, Robert Landewé
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2020)

Objectives To perform a systematic literature review (SLR) concerning the safety of synthetic (s) and biological (b) disease-modifying anti rheumatic dugs (DMARDs) to inform the 2019 update of the EULAR recommendations for the management of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods An SLR of observational studies comparing safety outcomes of any DMARD with another intervention for the management of RA. A comparator group was required for inclusion. For treatments still without registry data (eg, sarilumab and the Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors baricitinib, upadacitinib), randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and long-term extensions (LTEs) were used. Risk of bias (RoB) was assessed according to standard procedures. Results Forty-two observational studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria, addressing safety outcomes with bDMARDs and sDMARDs. Nine studies showed no difference in the risk of serious infections across bDMARDs and two studies (high RoB) showed an increased risk with bDMARDs compared with conventional synthetic (cs) DMARDs (adjusted incidence rate ratio 3.1–3.9). The risk of Herpes zoster infection was similar across bDMARDs, but one study showed an increased risk with tofacitinib compared with abatacept (adjusted HR (aHR) 2.0). Five studies showed no increased risk of cancer for bDMARDs compared with csDMARDs. An increased risk of lower intestinal perforation was found for tocilizumab compared with csDMARDs (aHR 4.5) and tumour necrosis factor inhibitor (TNFi) (aHR 2.6–4.0). Sixty manuscripts reported safety data from RCTs/LTEs. Overall, no unexpected safety outcomes were found, except for the possibly increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) with JAK inhibitors. Conclusion Data obtained by this SLR confirm the known safety profile of bDMARDs. The risk of VTE in RA, especially in patients on JAK inhibitors, needs further evaluation.
Starling's London
Authors: J. R. E.
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1962)

Editorials1 August 1962Starling's LondonJ. R. E.J. R. E.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-57-2-323 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptIn northwest london the heights of Hampstead provide a lovely vantage point for any viewer of the city. Here the golden August sunlight slants down the steep streets of the "village" which once was the home of the physician-poet, John Keats. Beyond, out over the Heath and the chimney-pots, the mighty city is spread before us, cupped in the valley between our heights and those of Surrey and Kent, the dome of St. Paul's standing in the center of the purple basin. This is Roman Londinium grown up, metropolitan London of the twentieth century.London is many things to many...References1. NeedhamBaldwin JE Hopkins and Biochemistry 1861-1947, ed. by , W. Heffers and Sons, Cambridge, 1949, p. 37. Google Scholar2. HARRIS H: Human Biochemical Genetics, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1959, pp. 1-6. Google Scholar3. BRIDGES R: The Testament of Beauty, Oxford University Press, New York, 1929, p. 14. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: J. R. E. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 August 1962Volume 57, Issue 2_Part_1 Page: 323-326 ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 August 1962 PDF downloadLoading ...
Aortitis sifilítica.
Journal: JAMA (1933)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Suicide Prevention Among Active Duty Air Force Personnel--United States, 1990-1999
Journal: JAMA (2000)

Suicide -Continued During 1990-1994, suicide accounted for 23% of all deaths among active duty U.S. Air Force (USAF) personnel and was the second leading cause of death (after unintentional injuries) (Table 1).During those years, the annual suicide rate among active duty USAF personnel increased significantly (p<0.01)from 10.0 to 16.4 suicides per 100,000 members (Figure 1).In 1995, senior USAF leaders initiated prevention programs in several commands because of the increasing suicide rate.In May 1996, an in-depth study by a team of medical and nonmedical civilian and military experts was initiated to produce a comprehensive, communitywide prevention strategy that viewed suicide not only as a medical but a USAF problem, thus addressing overall social, behavior, and health issues (1 ).The plan was implemented across the entire USAF during 1996-1997.This report describes protective and prevention strategies and summarizes the study findings, which indicate that a substantial decline in the suicide rate was associated with the communitywide program.The team's suicide prevention strategy encompassed nearly all the USAF community (e.g., investigative agencies, military justice, and prevention and treatment services) and focused on reducing suicide by emphasizing early interventions, and strengthening protective factors (e.g., a sense of belonging and caring, effective coping skills, and policies that promote help-seeking behavior).These goals correspond to recommendations made by the United Nations (UN) and World Health Organization (WHO) to governments and local communities in developing suicide prevention strategies (2 ).The initiatives were divided into three categories corresponding to U.
Stimulant Medications Precipitate Tourette's Syndrome
Authors: Thomas L. Lowe
Journal: JAMA (1982)

Following treatment with stimulant medications for symptoms of attention deficit disorder, Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome occurred in 15 patients. Early signs of Tourette's syndrome may be difficult to distinguish from hyperactive and attention disordered symptoms, leading the clinician to consider treatment with stimulants. In these Tourette's-susceptible patients, stimulants may exacerbate severe motor and phonic tics, requiring discontinuation of administration of stimulants and institution of haloperidol therapy for tic control. Clinical evaluation for tics and Tourette's syndrome in children and their families should precede and dictate use of stimulant medications in children. (<i>JAMA</i>1982;247:1168-1169)
Transaminase
Authors: Fred G. Conrad
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1957)

SERUM glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase has recently become widely used as a fairly specific test for the determination of acute myocardial infarction. Many laboratories are evaluating the use of this enzyme in this and many other clinical states to determine its specificity, advantages and shortcomings, but as yet the time has been too short for the accumulation of a great number of cases for adequate statistical evaluation. For the most part the reports in the literature are preliminary studies. A review of the subject, however, might acquaint the clinician with some knowledge of when to ask for the test, when it . . .
A Handbook of Aural Surgery for Students and Practitioners.
Journal: JAMA (1923)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Patient and transplant center factors associated with 100D mortality after receiving allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT)
Authors: F. R. Loberiza, M. Zhang, J. D. Rizzo, S. J. Lee, J. P. Klein, B. R. Logan, M. Eapen, D. S. Serna, C. F. Lemaistre, M. M. Horowitz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

6026 Background: “Center effects” are differences in outcomes that cannot be explained by identifiable differences in patients' diseases or treatments, and are presumed to result from variation in health care delivery. We examined the association of patient's clinical severity and transplant (TX) center factors, including procedure volume, with mortality after HSCT. Methods: We surveyed 116 US TX centers performing allogeneic TX in 1998–2000 and registering with IBMTR. Data on physicians and other health care providers, TX unit procedures and resources, and medical center organization were obtained. This analysis was limited to 88 centers that performed matched sibling HSCT for leukemia in adults (n=1426). A clinical severity score (CSS) was derived using patient-, disease-, and TX-related factors by modeling 100-day (100D) mortality. Then, a logistic regression model was fit to evaluate the association between 100D mortality and CSS and all TX center factors. Results: No differences in the clinical severity spectrum according to center factors was seen. Factors associated with 100D mortality included: patient's clinical severity, physician-patient ratio, presence of medical trainees, having nurses as initial contact person for emergency or after hours call rather than physicians, and affiliation with a medical school. Procedure volume and center experience were not associated with 100D mortality. In the multivariate analysis, higher clinical severity of patients (p<0.001), physician to patient ratio > 1:12 (p=0.02), having nurses take calls (p=0.02), and affiliation with a medical school (p=0.04) remained associated with mortality. Conclusions: Our data suggest that clinical severity is the major predictor of 100D mortality and not procedure volume or TX center experience. However, two modifiable center factors, not previously associated with early mortality or TX center size, were identified: patients to physicians ratio and using nurses to take calls. We recommend further investigation to determine whether modification of these center factors leads to improvement in survival. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
OC-063 Loss of bile acid responsive gene retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor A in Barrett's metaplasia, implications for refluxed induced signalling in oesophageal cells
Authors: S P Duggan, M Kirca, F Behan, D Kelleher
Journal: Gut (2010)

<h3>Introduction</h3> The involvement of gastro-oesophageal-reflux-disease in the development of Barrett9s metaplasia (BM) is well established. Recent evidence has begun to implicate bile acids such as the secondary bile acid deoxycholic acid (DCA) in BM and subsequent carcinogenesis. Our laboratory has identified the transcription factor retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor A (RORA) as a novel bile acid responsive gene with altered expression in BM through a novel integrative transcriptomic profiling approach. RORA, a putative tumour suppressor gene, has no established target hormone and is postulated to act independently from putative hormone binding. We now aim to validate RORA expression, induction and implications to oesophageal cell signalling. <h3>Methods</h3> Oesophageal cell lines HET-1A (normal-squamous), QhTRT (metaplastic), GohTRT (dysplastic) and SKGT4(adenocarcinoma) were utilised. Expression of RORA was determined by semi-quantitative real-time RT-PCR (ABI) in BM (n=16) and control patients (n=14) and the above cell lines. RORA protein was examined by Western blotting utilising a polyclonal antibody specific to RORA (Abcam). <h3>Results</h3> A significant reduction in RORA levels, as determined by real-time RT-PCR, was observed in a cohort of BM patients (p&lt;0.001) consistent with previous genomic profiling. This pattern of expression was mirrored in oesophageal cell lines charting the carcinogenic sequence with HET-1A cells displaying the highest expression levels and lower levels observed in QhTRT, GohTRT and SKGT4 cells. DCA-mediated (300 um) induction of RORA expression was confirmed in all cell types by real-time RT-PCR and Western blotting. Isoform specific RT-PCR defined RORA4 as the predominant isoform (70%) expressed in oesophageal cells with small amounts of RORA1 (30%) and no detectable levels of either RORA-2 or 3. At the protein level 2 distinct bands matching both RORA4 and RORA1 were induced in oesophageal cells in agreement with isoform-specific RT-PCR data. Potential transcriptional targets of RORA were determined utilising informatic approaches generating a regulatory network of gene expression for RORA in response to DCA including: PER1, Nur77 and FOS (cell growth and circadian clock), NFkBIB, CXCL14 and COX2 (Inflammation) among others. <h3>Conclusion</h3> This study for the first time demonstrates a loss of a critical regulator of cell growth, circadian rhythm and inflammation, RORA, in BM. Additional work described the ability of refluxed agents, such as DCA, to induce RORA in oesophageal cells. It is likely that RORA loss in BM may allow for dysregulated cellular growth, impact upon responses to nocturnal reflux through alterations in circadian rhythm and for resistance to refluxed induced damage in BM.
MIDWIFERY AND THE MIDWIVES.
Journal: JAMA (1890)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Epidemiology and complications of Escherichia coli O157:H7 infections
Authors: N. Cimolai
Journal: JAMA (1989)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> We thank Dr Cimolai for bringing the work contained in his abstract to our attention. We are glad to know that others in the Pacific Northwest are also studying risks related to the development of HUS and TTP associated with<i>E coli</i>O157:H7 infections. His data further highlight the need for improved surveillance of<i>E coli</i>O157:H7 infections advocated in our article, since this pathogen has rapidly emerged to become one of the most common causes of bloody diarrhea in the Pacific Northwest. Dr Cimolai raises valid concerns about the inherent limitations of retrospectively collected data. Our data came from direct patient interviews corroborated, where possible, by physician and hospital records. The number of doses and routes of administration of medications were usually known, but since we do not know what duration of exposure may influence the course of<i>E coli</i>O157:H7 infection, we elected not to use