tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
15. Diabetes Care in the Hospital: <i>Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2019</i>
Journal: Diabetes Care (2018)

The American Diabetes Association (ADA) “Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes” includes ADA's current clinical practice recommendations and is intended to provide the components of diabetes care, general treatment goals and guidelines, and tools to evaluate quality of care. Members of the ADA Professional Practice Committee, a multidisciplinary expert committee, are responsible for updating the Standards of Care annually, or more frequently as warranted. For a detailed description of ADA standards, statements, and reports, as well as the evidence-grading system for ADA's clinical practice recommendations, please refer to the Standards of Care Introduction. Readers who wish to comment on the Standards of Care are invited to do so at professional.diabetes.org/SOC.
Incidental Findings of FDG Uptake in Dental Caries
Authors: CHIA-HUNG KAO
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2003)

It is well known that F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) is taken up by different tumors and active inflammation. Focal uptake of FDG may cause false-positive results in certain benign conditions. However, the incidental finding of FDG-positron emission tomographic (PET) uptake in dental caries has not been reported. In the current report, a 48-year-old man was hospitalized for an FDGPET tumor survey with incidental findings of uptake in dental caries.
Pulmonary Medicine
Authors: Susan K. Pingleton
Journal: JAMA (1996)

Several remarkable advances in the therapy for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have occurred in the past year. Evaluation of medical therapy for airflow obstruction has been expanded to include not only the usual physiological factors but also the clinical factors of quality of life and cost-effectiveness. Ventilatory therapy for acute respiratory failure in COPD has been improved for patients who do not require immediate endotracheal intubation. Last, new surgical approaches for the treatment of severe emphysema are being evaluated. This update will review these new approaches to the treatment of COPD. Recently, a new long-acting β<sub>2</sub>-agonist, salmeterol xinafoate, has been shown to be efficacious and approved by the Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of asthma and other types of COPD.<sup>1</sup>The duration of action of salmeterol is 8 to 12 hours. Thus, it can be taken only twice a day compared with the usual
Colorectal neoplasia
Authors: M Robinson, M Thomas, Mangham Hardcastle
Journal: Gut (1992)

Prognosis of colorectal cancer is closely related to the extent of spread of disease at presentation.Recently, an increasing proportion of symptomatic Dukes' stage A colorectal cancers has been reported.We have investigated changes in the stage distribution of colonic and rectal cancers which have occurred over the last decade.In a trial of screening for colorectal cancer.at present have little role in determining which patients should receive adjuvant therapies.It is possible however that, in conjunction with other genetic changes, these may form the basis of a multi-variate prognostic system for the assessment of colorectal tumours.87 1 14 25.3X 5.
Adverse events associated with childhood vaccines other than pertussis and rubella. Summary of a report from the Institute of Medicine
Authors: K. R. Stratton
Journal: JAMA (1994)

In September 1993, the Institute of Medicine released a report entitled<i>Adverse Events Associated With Childhood Vaccines: Evidence Bearing on Causality</i>. The report examined putative serious adverse consequences associated with administration of diphtheria and tetanus toxoids; measles, mumps, and measles-mumps-rubella vaccines; oral polio vaccine and inactivated polio vaccine; hepatitis B vaccines; and<i>Haemophilus influenzae</i>type b (Hib) vaccines. The committee spent 18 months reviewing all available scientific and medical data, from individual case reports (published and unpublished) to controlled clinical trials. The committee found that the evidence favored the rejection of a causal relation between diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and encephalopathy, infantile spasms, and sudden infant death syndrome, and between conjugate Hib vaccines and susceptibility to Hib disease. The committee found that the evidence favored acceptance of a causal relation between diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and Guillain-Barré syndrome and brachial neuritis, between measles vaccine and anaphylaxis, between oral polio vaccine and Guillain-Barré syndrome, and between unconjugated Hib vaccine and susceptibility to Hib disease. The committee found that the evidence established causality between diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and anaphylaxis, between measles vaccine and death from measles vaccine—strain viral infection, between measlesmumps-rubella vaccine and thrombocytopenia and anaphylaxis, between oral polio vaccine and poliomyelitis and death from polio vaccine—strain viral infection, and between hepatitis B vaccine and anaphylaxis. For five vaccine-related adverse events, there was no evidence identified. For the remaining 33 vaccine-related adverse events, the evidence was inadequate to accept or reject a causal relation. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1994;271:1602-1605)
The translational inhibitor cycloheximide represses growth factor depletion-induced apoptosis in an alb-SV40T transgenic rat liver cell line
Authors: S Bulera
Journal: Hepatology (1996)

A transgenic rat line carrying the alb-SV40A transgene has been described by this laboratory. Several cell lines have been established from the livers of two of these rats. One of these cell lines, L37, exhibits a large nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio and a well-differentiated cytoplasm containing numerous organelles. When L37 cells are placed into culture medium lacking necessary growth factors, cellular proliferation continues for 48 hours after medium change. Subsequent to the initial 48 hours, cells begin to shrink and lose contact with adjacent cells, eventually sloughing off the culture plate surface, with most cell deaths occurring between 48 and 96 hours after medium change. Microscopic examination of sloughing cells indicates they possess highly convoluted and blebbed plasma membranes, a morphological characteristic of apoptosis. Ultrastructural studies demonstrate the ubiquitous presence of apoptotic bodies. When DNA isolated from growth factor-depleted cells is resolved on agarose gels, DNA fragmentation ladders are observed at times of maximum apoptotic change. Quantitative analysis of L37 cells between 48 and 96 hours after the removal of the culture medium shows that 59% ± 2% of the cells undergo apoptosis. When cycloheximide, puromycin, or actinomycin D is added to the L37 cultures, only cycloheximide is able to repress apoptosis, indicating that the mechanism of apoptosis in the L37 liver-derived cell line requires a cycloheximide-sensitive translational event. The extremely high rate of apoptosis, together with the maintenance of hepatocellular characteristics, indicates the usefulness of this cell line as a model in which to study the mechanisms of hepatocellular apoptosis.
BOOK REVIEWS
Authors: Anna Asian, C Parhon, C David, C Burger, F Schulte, U Kolder, E Ampel
Journal: Circulation Research (1960)

This volume consists of translations of seven articles outlining the authors' experiences in the therapy of various conditions in aged patients by intramuscular and intravenous injections of prociiino.These papers originally appeared in Die Thereapiewoche in 1956-1957.The authors report in glowing terms of their success in treating and preventing the aging process.Procaine is alleged to produce remissions of the chronic brain syndrome due to arteriosclerotic cerebrovascular disease, a.rteriosclerotie heart disease, and arteriosclerotic peripheral vascular disease.In addition, the authors claim such diverse conditions as Parkinson's disease, peptic ulcer, osteoarthritis, senile skin degeneration, among others, are improved by procaine injections.The authors postulate that procaine exerts an "eutrophic" action by acting as a vitamin-like substance or by a gradual transformation into para-aminobenzoic acid and folic acid.The case histories of many patients who are alleged to have been improved by this therapy are given.
Final results and subgroup analyses of the phase 3 CAIRO3 study: Maintenance treatment with capecitabine + bevacizumab versus observation after induction treatment with chemotherapy + bevacizumab in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC).
Authors: Miriam Koopman, Lieke Simkens, Anne Maria May, Linda Mol, Harm van Tinteren, Cornelis J. A. Punt
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

3504 Background: We investigated the efficacy of maintenance treatment with capecitabine (cap) + bev versus observation in mCRC patients (pts) not progressing during induction treatment with cap, oxaliplatin and bev (CAPOX-B). Methods: Previously untreated mCRC pts with stable disease or better after 6 cycles of CAPOX-B were randomized between observation (arm A) or maintenance treatment with cap 625 mg/m2 bid daily continuously + bev 7.5 mg/kg iv q 3 weeks (arm B). Upon first progression (PFS1), pts in both arms were to be treated with CAPOX-B until 2nd progression (PFS2, primary endpoint). Secondary endpoints were overall survival (OS) and time to 2nd progression (TTP2), which was defined as the time to progression on any treatment following PFS1, and quality of life (QoL). Preplanned subset analyses were performed. Results: A total of 558 pts were randomized. Upon PFS1, CAPOX-B was reintroduced in 61% of pts in arm A and 47% in arm B. There was a significant benefit for maintenance treatment for PFS1, TT2PD and PFS2 with a median of 8.5 m vs 11.7 m, respectively (HR 0.67, p < .0001). Multivariable analysis showed a significant interaction for treatment with OS. Subgroup analysis showed a significant interaction for treatment in pts with synchronous metastases with resected primary tumor (n=180): median OS 18.0 m (A) vs 25.0 m (B) (p <0.0001), and for pts with complete/ partial response to induction treatment before randomization (n=366) with median OS of 18.8 m (A) and 24.1 m (B; p < .0001). QoL was maintained during maintenance treatment, and was clinically not inferior compared to QoL in the observation arm. Conclusions: Final CAIRO3 results establish the benefit of maintenance treatment with cap + bev after first-line induction treatment in pts with mCRC. Multivariable analysis shows a significant interaction of treatment with OS. Our finding that the positive effect on survival for maintenance treatment is most pronounced in pts with synchronous disease and resected primary tumor and with PR/CR to induction treatment should be confirmed.
Advisory Board and Contents
Authors: Marian Berryhill, Theresa Desrochers Spotlight, Xiaoqin Fu, Judy Liu, Peijun Li, Joseph Klim, Greta Pintacuda, Leslie Nash, Irune Guerra, San Juan, Kevin Eggan, Erin Gibson, Michelle Monje, Gina Humphreys, Matthew Ralph, Jon Simons, Kate Peters, Joseph Cheer, Raffaella Tonini, Richard Ramsey, David Kaplan, Emily Cross, Dipankar Dutta, Niaz Khan, Junfang Wu, Steven Jay, Moran Furman, Jessica Miles, Fred Kop, Patrick Scheffmann, Silvia Arber, Emery Brown, Rui Costa, Ann Craig, John Cryan, Catherine Dulac, Craig Garner, Yukiko Goda, Kenneth Harris, Nancy Ip, Meyer Jackson, Maria Karayiorgou, Nancy Kopell, Robert Malenka, Mark Mattson, Freda Miller, Richard Morris, Maiken Nedergaard, Eric Nestler, Kia Nobre, Marco Prinz, Anna Wang, Roe Carmen, Sandi Klaas, Enno Stephan, Greg Stuart, Christopher Walsh, Xiaoqin Wang, Xu Zhang
Journal: Trends in Neurosciences (2021)
Accuracy of liver stiffness measurement in assessing liver fibrosis in naive patients with primary biliary cholangitis
Authors: Laura Cristoferi, Alessandra Nardi, Mauro Viganò, Cristina Rigamonti, Elisabetta Degasperi, Vincenzo Cardinale, Sara Labanca, Nicola Zucchini, Monica Leutner, Rosanna Venere, Antonino Picciotto, Nora Cazzagon, Martina Lucà, Diletta Overi, Alessio Gerussi, Daphne D’Amato, Sarah Elisabeth O’Donnell, Federica Cerini, Carla De Benedittis, Massimiliano Cadamuro, Federica Malinverno, Annarosa Floreani, Domenico Alvaro, Eugenio Gaudio, Pietro Invernizzi, Guido Carpino, Marco Carbone
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2020)
Loss of α-hemoglobin–stabilizing protein impairs erythropoiesis and exacerbates β-thalassemia
Authors: Yi Kong, Suiping Zhou, Anthony J. Kihm, Anne M. Katein, Xiang Yu, David A. Gell, Joel P. Mackay, Kazuhiko Adachi, Linda Foster-Brown, Calvert S. Louden, Andrew J. Gow, Mitchell J. Weiss
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2004)

Hemoglobin (Hb) A production during red blood cell development is coordinated to minimize the deleterious effects of free α- and β-Hb subunits, which are unstable and cytotoxic. The α-Hb–stabilizing protein (AHSP) is an erythroid protein that specifically binds α-Hb and prevents its precipitation in vitro, which suggests that it may function to limit free α-Hb toxicities in vivo. We investigated this possibility through gene ablation and biochemical studies. AHSP–/– erythrocytes contained hemoglobin precipitates and were short-lived. In hematopoietic tissues, erythroid precursors were elevated in number but exhibited increased apoptosis. Consistent with unstable α-Hb, AHSP–/– erythrocytes contained increased ROS and evidence of oxidative damage. Moreover, purified recombinant AHSP inhibited ROS production by α-Hb in solution. Finally, loss of AHSP worsened the phenotype of β-thalassemia, a common inherited anemia characterized by excess free α-Hb. Together, the data support a model in which AHSP binds α-Hb transiently to stabilize its conformation and render it biochemically inert prior to Hb A assembly. This function is essential for normal erythropoiesis and, to a greater extent, in β-thalassemia. Our findings raise the possibility that altered AHSP expression levels could modulate the severity of β-thalassemia in humans.
Correction
Journal: BMJ (1958)

amino-acids, and enzymes about 50 years ago, during the decade following Buchner's demonstration in 1897 of cell- free fermentation.At this early stage in the study of en- zymes, methods and techniques were necessarily crude, and most of Abderhalden's work is of historical rather than practical importance.However, Niehans, who introduced "cellular therapy," has continued to use these tests for diagnosis.
THE MONEY-COST OF A TYPHOID FEVER EPIDEMIC.
Journal: JAMA (1896)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Plastic Resin May Repair Heart Incisions
Journal: JAMA (1962)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
An Expanded Treatment Protocol of Panobinostat Plus Bortezomib and Dexamethasone in Patients with Previously Treated Myeloma
Authors: Vincent L Hansen, Morton Coleman, Stephanie Elkins, Jeffrey P. Letzer, Moshe Yair Levy, Lasika Seneviratne, Jessica Rine, Marina White, Emil T Kuriakose
Journal: Blood (2015)
Study of the Clinical Efficiency of Bleomycin in Human Cancer
Journal: BMJ (1970)

A trial of the action of bleomycin was made on 237 cancer patients with tumours in a visible and actively growing phase who did not require surgery or radiotherapy. Bleomycin was found to have several special properties-absence of haemopoietic toxicity or immunosuppressive action and toxic side-effects affecting skin, mucosae, and lungs. The drug is more effective than drugs previously available for squamous cell carcinoma of the skin and cancer of the penis, the vulva, oesophagus, and uterine cervix, as well as for melanoma and mycosis fungoides. It is at least as effective as those drugs or combinations of drugs previously used for oropharyngeal tumours and testicular dysembryoma or choriocarcinoma. It is very effective when used in arterial perfusion therapy of otorhinolaryngeal tumours. It is of little value in other tumours, in particular for those of the haemopoietic system.
Abstracts
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1958)

had shown that the ratio of rheumatic carditis to total heart disease (r/t index) was 0 5990 for hospital- referred patients in Mexico City, with a temperate climate, compared with 0 0967 for some tropical Mexican areas.The authors examined two groups of students, one from an area with a tropical and rainy climate and one from Mexico City with a more temperate environment.Throat swabs were plated on blood agar and colonies of fi- haemolytic streptococci were grouped.There was little difference in the incidence of Group-A fl-haemolytic streptococci in the two groups (3 in 102 cases from the tropical region and 1 in 100 from the temperate climate).Nor did antistreptolysin-O titres show a significant difference; in fact, 55 per cent. of students in the tropical climate had a titre above 200 com- pared with 36 per cent. in the temperate region.Despite this, rheumatic fever was not found in the tropical group, but occurred in three out of 340 cases from the temperate area.[It is not clear how comparable these two groups were.]The authors suggest that a tropical climate affects the response of the host rather than the rheumatogenic agent.E. G. L. Bywaters.Evolution of Rheumatic Fever with Antistreptococcal Treatment.(Evoluci6n de la fiebre reumatica con tratamiento antiestreptoc6ccico.)
Bun
Authors: Richard B. Weinberg
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2019)

On Being a Doctor19 February 2019BunRichard B. Weinberg, MDRichard B. Weinberg, MDWake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina (R.B.W.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/M18-2678 Audio Reading - “Bun” Audio. Michael A. LaCombe, MD, Annals Associate Editor, reads "Bun," by R.B. Weinberg. Your browser does not support the audio element. Audio player progress bar Step backward in current audio track Play current audio trackPause current audio track Step forward in current audio track Mute current audio trackUnmute current audio track 00:00/ SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail My shirt soaked with sweat and my hands shaking with fear, I painted the iodine solution in small, concentric circles over my target: the fourth lumbar interspace of Elie's tiny spine. See one, do one, teach one—that was the unforgiving credo of my medical school. But I had never seen an 18-month-old girl with acute lymphocytic leukemia; I had done only one lumbar puncture before, on a college football player; and the thought of ever having to teach anyone pediatric oncology made me ill. The horrible screams of terror and pain that had filled the hall during Elie's previous LP ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina (R.B.W.)Corresponding Author: Richard B. Weinberg, MD, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157; e-mail, [email protected]edu. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement Audio Reading - “Bun” Audio. Michael A. LaCombe, MD, Annals Associate Editor, reads "Bun," by R.B. Weinberg. Your browser does not support the audio element. Audio player progress bar Step backward in current audio track Play current audio trackPause current audio track Step forward in current audio track Mute current audio trackUnmute current audio track 00:00/ FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 19 February 2019Volume 170, Issue 4Page: 271-272KeywordsChildrenFearLumbar puncturePrecursor cellsPreexposure prophylaxisRabbitsShouldersSpineSweatTaste ePublished: 19 February 2019 Issue Published: 19 February 2019 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2019 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Croup
Authors: Sherwin V. Kevy
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1964)

THE term croup is applied to the acute inflammatory disorders of the larynx and the laryngotracheal area. Its essential feature is laryngeal obstruction, which gives rise to the characteristic barking cough, inspiratory stridor, sternal retraction and respiratory distress. Although a similar syndrome can be produced by a foreign body it is most commonly the result of infection within the larynx and trachea.The concept of infectious croup as a specific entity has proved to be meaningless, the definite etiologic relation being established between viruses and croup in addition to that previously proved as bacterial. Through systematic elimination of individual bacteria . . .
Book Reviews
Authors: M. N. RABER
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1988)

Book Reviews Get access Clinical Evaluation of Antitumor Therapy. Franco M. Muggia, Marcel Rozencweig. Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers Group, 1986, 219 pp. $59.95. MARTIN N. RABER MARTIN N. RABER Clinical Trials Administration Division of Medicine The University of Texas System Cancer Center M. D. Anderson Hospital and Tumor Institute1515 Holcombe Boulevard Houston, TX 77030 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 80, Issue 3, 6 April 1988, Page 211, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/80.3.211 Published: 06 April 1988