tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Macrocytic Anaemia
Authors: G. Allen, C. F. Critchley
Journal: BMJ (1951)

ACUTE PERFORATION TREATED CONSERVATIVELY MDI 677 unrecognized air swallowing in the aspiration method of treatment.There are no post-operative chest compli- cations, so common after operation for perforation.It may be that the risk of subphrenic abscess will be reduced, if not entirely eliminated, for it is likely that the patient's increased respiratory excursions while under the influence of the anaesthetic can, by suction, fill the subphrenic spaces with peritoneal exudate.What the ultimate fate of these patients will be it is not possible to say at present.So far only Case 5 has been submitted to operation.All the others left hospital symptom-free; though of course on strict ulcer diet.Case 12 should certainly be subjected to gastrectomy if the gastric ulcer is still present on review.If and when gastrectomy or other operative procedure is required in any of these cases it is to be expected that easier operating conditions will be found than would be the case if a laparotomy had already been performed.It will be noted from the follow-up that 13 of the 15 cases were seen on the average almost 12 months after perforation, and that their condition was at least no worse than if they had been subjected to an immedi- ate operation.The above series of cases is admittedly a small one, but, even so, I would suggest that immediate operation in simple gastro-duodenal perforation is no longer necessary, and that any operative intervention should be reserved for such complications as may arise.Since this paper was written further cases have been similarly treated with equal success.I wish to thank Mr.
TAXING ANTITOXIN.
Journal: JAMA (1898)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
In Vivo Formation and Persistence of Modified Nucleosides Resulting from Alkylating Agents
Authors: Bea Singer
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1985)

Alkylating agents are ubiquitous in the human environment and are continuously synthesized in vivo. Although many classes exist, interest has been focused on the N-nitroso compounds, since many are mutagens for bacteria, phage, and cells, and carcinogens for mammals. In contrast to aromatic amines and polyaromatic hydrocarbons which can react at carbons, simple alkylating agents react with nitrogens and oxygens: 13 sites are possible, including the internucleotide phosphodiester. However, only the N-nitroso compounds react extensively with oxygens. In vivo, most possible derivatives have been found after administration of methyl and ethyl nitroso compounds. The ethylating agents are more reactive toward oxygens than are the methylating agents and are more carcinogenic in terms of total alkylation. This is true regardless of whether or not the compounds require metabolic activation. It has been hypothesized that the level and persistence of specific derivatives in a "target" cell correlates with oncogenesis. However, no single derivative can be solely responsible for this complex process, since correlations cannot be made for even a single carcinogen acting on various species or cell types. Some derivatives are chemically unstable, and the glycosyl bond is broken (3- and 7-alkylpurines), leaving apurinic sites which may be mutagenic. These, as well as most adducts, are recognized by different enzymatic activities which remove/repair at various rates and efficiencies depending on the number of alkyl derivatives, as well as enzyme content in the cell and recognition of the enzyme. Evaluation of human exposure requires early and sensitive methods to detect the initial damage and the extent of repair of each of the many promutagenic adducts.
Antihistaminic Drugs
Authors: Alan L. Michelson, Francis C. Lowell
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1958)

IN 1937, Bovet and Staub1 demonstrated that certain phenolic ethers were able to block the effect of histamine. The most active of this series was 2-isopropyl-5-methylphenoxy-ethyldiethylamine (929 F). Study of another series of compounds, chemically allied to 929 F, showed that N-phenyl-N-ethyl-N1-diethylethylenediamine (1571 F) antagonized a variety of responses to histamine but still was toxic.2 It was noted that, among the drugs studied, toxicity did not necessarily parallel antihistaminic activity, a point that encouraged further investigation. The first histamine antagonist to have high activity and relatively low toxicity was 2339 RP, or antergan, which was described by Halpern3 in 1942 . . .
GASTROINTESTINAL HEMORRHAGE OF OBSCURE ETIOLOGY
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
First Report of Colombian Registry for Hereditary Angioedema
Authors: Maria M. Olivares, Rosa Farfan, Jorge Sanchez, Maria C. Ortega-Lopez, Eduardo De Zubiria, Jairo A. Rodriguez, Carlos E. Olmos, Catalina Gomez, Jorge Rabal, Alejandro Carreno, Alejandro Echenique, Susana Diez-Zuloaga
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2015)
POISONING BY PICROTOXIN.
Journal: JAMA (1904)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Sarcoidosis
Authors: David G. Freiman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1948)

IN 1899 Boeck1 , 2 published almost simultaneously in Norway and in the United States a report on some apparently rare skin manifestations that have since come to be associated with his name. These dusky blue nodular or infiltrative lesions showed, on histologic examination, an epithelioid structure, which he at first interpreted as sarcoma-like ("sarkoid") and later assumed to be of tuberculous genesis.3 Since that time there has been a steadily mounting interest in a disease of which the skin lesions of Boeck are only one of many regional manifestations. An ever-increasing number of case reports have accumulated under a wide and . . .
The prognostic significance of intermediate QRS prolongation in acute myocardial infarction treated with thrombolysis Radek Pudil, Micha S. Feinberg, Hanoch Hod, Valentina Boyko, Lori Mandelzweig, Solomon Behar. Neufeld Cardiac Research Institute, Tel Hashomer, Israel
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Physician's Complete Account Book.
Journal: JAMA (1894)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Cognitive Training for Supported Employment: 2-3 Year Outcomes of a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Susan McGurk
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2007)

Objective: To address cognitive impairments that limit the effectiveness of supported employment services for patients with schizophrenia, a cognitive training program, the Thinking Skills for Work Program, was developed and integrated into supported employment services. Method: Patients with severe mental illness (N=44) and prior histories of job failures who were enrolled in supported employment programs at two sites in New York City were randomly assigned to receive either supported employment alone or supported employment with cognitive training. Measures at baseline and 3 months included a brief cognitive and symptom assessment. Work outcomes were tracked for 2–3 years. Results: Patients in the supported employment with cognitive training program demonstrated significantly greater improvements at 3 months in cognitive functioning, depression, and autistic preoccupation. Over 2–3 years, patients in the supported employment with cognitive training program were more likely to work, held more jobs, worked more weeks, worked more hours, and earned more wages than patients in the program offering supported employment alone. Conclusions: The findings support the feasibility of integrating cognitive rehabilitation into supported employment programs and suggest that more research is warranted to evaluate the effects of the Thinking Skills for Work Program.
Is There a Critical Target Gene for the First Step in Carcinogenesis?
Authors: Ann R. Kennedy
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1991)

Our work has suggested that a high-frequency event is involved in the initiation phase of malignant transformation in vitro; a later, mutationlike event appears to be involved in the later stages of transformation. There may be no specific "target gene" which directly interacts with carcinogens. It is hypothesized that nonspecific types of DNA damage are involved in the induction of an ongoing process we know as carcinogenesis. Several genes could be involved in maintaining this process. Our recent results suggest that c-myc and c-fos could be involved in the early stages of carcinogenesis, as they are affected by anticarcinogenic protease inhibitors in a manner that corresponds to the way in which protease inhibitors suppress malignant transformation.
Papers Read before the Medico-Legal Society of New York.
Journal: JAMA (1889)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Council on Medical Education and Hospitals
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Surgical management of cervical adenitis due to atypical mycobacteria in children
Authors: K. E. Salyer
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Thirty-eight cases of cervical adenitis in children, with infection due to atypical mycobacteria, have been seen at Children's Medical Center, Dallas. The clinical picture of this infection can be established as a specific entity. This consists of unilateral submandibular lymphadenopathy in the submaxillary gland area usually associated with erythema of the overlying skin and abscess formation. The age group affected is characteristic. The children have minimal systemic symptoms and normal roentgenograms of the chest. Skin tests for atypical organisms are strongly positive; skin tests for<i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>are usually weakly positive. Surgical management is advocated and consists of total excision of involved lymph nodes and skin, closure without drainage, and postoperative drug therapy with (para)aminosalicylic acid (PAS) and isoniazid (INH).
Estramustine, zoledronic acid and weekly docetaxel in metastatic androgen independent prostate cancer (MAIP)
Authors: F. L. Nasr, G. Y. Chahine, W. T. Moukaddem, F. S. Farhat, E. A. Tueini, J. G. Kattan, J. E. Dagher, F. C. Younes, M. G. Ghosn
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

4736 Background: Docetaxel and estramustine phosphate have been shown to have synergistic and significant activity in patients with MAIP. Zoledronic acid is a third generation biphosphonate, which reduces skeletal events by inhibiting bone destruction in MAIP patients. Methods: We conducted a phase II trial with the combination of estramustine, zoledronic acid and weekly docetaxel. Eligibility consisted of metastatic prostate adenocarcinoma with objective progression or rising prostate specific antigen (PSA) levels despite androgen deprivation therapy. Prior chemotherapy was not allowed; radiation was permitted. A PS of £ 2, adequate bone marrow, hepatic, renal and cardiac functions were required. Estramustine was administered orally at a dose of 140mg three times daily on days 1 to 21 on a 28-day cycle. 25mg/m2 of docetaxel was administered intravenously on days 1,8 and 15 of each cycle. Zoledronic acid was given at a dose of 4mg in 15 minutes infusion on D1 of each cycle. Results: Between March 2002 and October 2003, 24 patients (pts) were enrolled. Median age was 71 years [range 53–83y]. 20 pts had only bone metastases and 4 pts had measurable disease. One hundred and four cycles of therapy have been delivered with a median of four cycles per patient, [range 1–7]. Predominant toxicities consisted of: grades II-III anemia (20.8%), grades III thrombocytopenia (4.1%), fatigue (20.8%), grades II-III alopecia (12.5%), and severe hypocalcaemia (8.3%). 2 pts presented Deep Venous Thrombosis with deadly pulmonary embolism. One patient died from Stevens Johnson syndrome and grade IV hepatic toxicity at D15 of cycle 2. 22 pts were evaluable for response. 12 pts (54.5%) had biological response (> 50% PSA decline) which lasted from 5 to 63 weeks. 2 among the 4 measurable disease pts had objective response. 12 pts experienced clinical benefit with pain reduction. Conclusion: This combination is well tolerable, effective and worthy to be proposed as a standard therapy for MAIP. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Effects of acetaldehyde on nuclear protein binding to the nuclear factor I consensus sequence in the ?2(I) collagen promoter*1, *2
Authors: F ANANIA
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

Acetaldehyde has been shown to increase collagen production in cultured rat myofibroblastlike cells and to activate the mouse α2(I) collagen promoter in transfected NIH 3T3 cells. Nuclear factor I (NF-I), a CCAAT binding transcription factor, is known to bind and activate the α1(I) and α2(I) collagen genes. Activation of the α2(I) collagen promoter was not observed when the NFI binding site of the promoter was deleted. In this study, we determined if acetaldehyde influences the binding of NF-I to the α2(I) collagen promoter. Nuclear proteins extracted from NIH 3T3 cells, or myofibroblastlike cells, 36 hours after the addition of acetaldehyde (200 μmol/ L) in serum-free media showed increased binding to the consensus sequence of the NF-I binding site by DNase I protection analysis and by electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) as compared with control nuclear extracts that were not exposed to acetaldehyde. Furthermore, nuclear proteins extracted from myofibroblastlike cells that had been previously exposed to acetaldehyde had a marked increase in NF-I protein, as shown by Western blot with NF-I antibodies. Antisera to NF-I resulted in a slow migrating DNA-protein-antibody complex (supershift) on EMSA. However, the NF-I antibody did not supershift all the DNA-protein complexes, and the supershift band was not increased with nuclear proteins from acetaldehyde-treated cells despite the increased binding of these nuclear protein preparations to the NFI oligo. Therefore, nuclear proteins, in addition to NF-I, bind to the NF-I consensus sequence and may have their binding altered by acetaldehyde. No supershift was obtained with antisera to Histone H1, which is known to also bind to the consensus sequence for NF-I in this promoter. This study suggests that the effect of acetaldehyde in enhancing transcription of the α2(I) collagen promoter may be mediated by binding of NF-I or NFI-like proteins to the promoter, but may also include additional CCAAT binding proteins.
The changing in-hospital mortality of women undergoing percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty
Authors: M. R. Bell
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To compare in-hospital mortality among women and men undergoing percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) and determine whether mortality differences have changed recently. <h3>Design.</h3> —A retrospective cohort study. <h3>Setting.</h3> —Tertiary referral institution. <h3>Patients.</h3> —Consecutive series of 3557 patients (27% women) who underwent 4071 PTCA procedures. Two cohorts were analyzed: patients treated between 1979 and 1987 (n=1970) and those treated between 1988 and 1990 (n=2101). <h3>Main Outcome Measures.</h3> —In-hospital and periprocedural mortality. <h3>Results.</h3> —Women were older than men (<i>P</i>&lt;.001) and more had class III or IV angina(<i>P</i>&lt;.001), unstable angina(<i>P</i>&lt;.001), angina at rest (<i>P</i>&lt;.001), cardiac failure (<i>P</i>&lt;.001), and diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and hypercholesterolemia (<i>P</i>&lt;.001). The PTCA was successful in 85% of women and 86% of men with an in-hospital mortality rate of 4.2% and 2.7%, respectively (<i>P</i>=.005). No significant change in mortality occurred in men between the early (2.2%) and late (3.1%) eras in contrast to a significant increase among women, 2.9% to 5.4% (<i>P</i>=.04). Periprocedural mortalities for women and men between 1979 and 1987 were 1.0% and 1.2% (<i>P</i>=not significant) and between 1988 and 1990 were 2.9% and 1.4% (<i>P</i>=.02), respectively. The multivariate odds ratio of in-hospital mortality for women vs men was 1.51 (95% confidence interval, 1.00 to 2.29;<i>P</i>=.05), although six other baseline variables were more powerful predictors of in-hospital mortality. Accounting for body surface area resulted in no significant association between gender and in-hospital mortality. Periprocedural mortality was not independently associated with gender. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —In-hospital mortality among women has increased in recent years, but their higher mortality compared with men is related more to the severity of their underlying disease rather than gender alone. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1993;269:2091-2095)