tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Toxicological Effects of Chlorite in the Mouse
Authors: Gary S. Moore, Edward J. Calabrese
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1982)

When exposed to a maximum level of 100 ppm chlorine dioxide in their drinking water, neither A/J or C57L/J mice exhibited any hematologic changes. Chlorite exposure under similar conditions produced increases for red blood cells in osmotic fragility, mean corpuscular volume, and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity for both strains. Chlorite exposure of pregnant A/J mice resulted in a significant decrease in the weight of pups at weaning and a lower average birth to weaning growth rate. Mice exposed to as much as 100 ppm sodium chlorite (NaClO2) in their drinking water for up to 120 days failed to demonstrate any histopathological changes in kidney structure.
CONCERNING SNAPSHOT DIAGNOSIS.
Journal: JAMA (1905)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Social Medicine and Medical Economics
Journal: JAMA (1923)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
FINANCING OF HOSPITAL CARE
Journal: JAMA (1949)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 1072: Development and characterization of patient derived xenograft (PDX) avatars of human cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Sanhita Rath, Sen Peng, Lauren Hartman, George Reid, Harshil Dhruv, Shannon Glaser, Fanyin Meng, Gianfranco Alpini, Scott Celinski
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a fatal primary malignancy with limited treatment options and a dismal 5year survival rate of &amp;lt;10%. Poor prognosis and early recurrence after surgical treatment warrants further molecular characterization of these tumors to evaluate therapeutic sensitivities and identification of biomarkers for CCA. Although several Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) studies have revealed some targetable genomic aberrations, the lack of preclinical and translational models has severely limited the identification of clinically relevant targeted therapies for CCA. So far, very few putative molecular targets/pathways have been identified using patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models, CCA cell derived xenograft models (CDX) and CCA cell lines, only 4 of which have progressed to preclinical testing for therapeutic value. In this study we describe development and comprehensive characterization of patient derived xenograft models of CCA from freshly resected patient tissue. Patient tumor cells from 8 patients were engrafted subcutaneously in highly immunocompromised NSG (NOD.Cg-PrkdcscidIl2rgtm1Wj) mice for PDX development. Two (CCA-1 and CCA-7) of 8 (25 %) engraftments yielded successful PDX model. The PDX avatar and matched patient tumor samples were genomically characterized at the whole exome and transcriptome level to check the fidelity of PDX models. Exome sequencing analysis of PDX tumors demonstrate higher genomic aberrations as compared to their patient counterparts. Preliminary analysis of transcriptomic profiles from CCA TCGA dataset, long term established intra- and extra-hepatic CCA cell lines (Mz-ChA-1, TFK-1, SG231, CCLP-1, HuCC-T1 and HuH-28), CCA CDX model from Mz-ChA-1 cells and CCA PDX models demonstrate that CCA PDX models more faithfully recapitulate patient tumors as compared to long term established cell lines. In summary, this proof of concept study demonstrates that PDX avatars of CCA could serve as a good model system for preclinical target discovery and validation for a deadly and neglected disease such as CCA. Citation Format: Sanhita Rath, Sen Peng, Lauren Hartman, George Reid, Harshil Dhruv, Shannon Glaser, Fanyin Meng, Gianfranco Alpini, Scott Celinski. Development and characterization of patient derived xenograft (PDX) avatars of human cholangiocarcinoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 1072.
Mass Prophylaxis of Epidemic Streptococcal Infections with Benzathine Penicillin G
Authors: Robert B. McFarland, Victor G. Colvin, John R. Seal
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1958)

THE most recent of the Navy Medical Department's continuing studies on practical and effective methods of controlling epidemic streptococcal infections in recruit populations is herein reported. The method of prophylactic intramuscular injection of benzathine penicillin G for this purpose was a direct outgrowth of the studies done at the same station in the previous winter by Schreier et al.1 Starting in December, when the prevalence of streptococcal infections began to increase, Schreier and his co-workers administered 600,000 units of benzathine penicillin G to all new recruits within a few days after their arrival at the station. Experience had shown that . . .
N.H.S. Contraceptive Services
Authors: J. P. Lester
Journal: BMJ (1974)

Arginine vasopressin (AVP) enhances water reabsorption in the renal collecting duct by vasopressin V<sub>2</sub> receptor (V<sub>2</sub>R)-mediated activation of adenylyl cyclase (AC), cAMP-promoted phosphorylation of aquaporin-2 (AQP2), and increased abundance of AQP2 on the apical membrane. Multiple isoforms of adenylate cyclase exist, and the roles of individual AC isoforms in water homeostasis are not well understood. Here, we found that levels of AC6 mRNA, the most highly expressed AC isoform in the inner medulla, inversely correlate with fluid intake. Moreover, mice lacking AC6 had lower levels of inner medullary cAMP, reduced abundance of phosphorylated AQP2 (at both serine-256 and serine-269), and lower urine osmolality than wild-type mice. Water deprivation or administration of the V<sub>2</sub>R agonist dDAVP did not increase urine osmolality of AC6-deficient mice to the levels of wild-type mice. Furthermore, AC6-deficient mice lacked dDAVP-promoted inner medullary cAMP formation and phosphorylation of serine-269 and had attenuated increases in both phosphorylation of serine-256 and apical membrane AQP2 trafficking. In summary, AC6 expression determines inner medullary cAMP formation and AQP2 phosphorylation and trafficking, the absence of which causes nephrogenic diabetes insipidus.
AUTHOR'S REPLY
Authors: C. S. Ulrik
Journal: Thorax (1996)

Salmeterol in smokers with COPDHaving recently read the study by Ulrik (July 1995;50:750-4) regarding the use of sal- meterol in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), I wish to make comment on the methodology used and conclusions drawn.The choice of a forced expiratory test and, particularly, the peak expiratory flow rate as the main end point for efficacy is inappropriate, given its known insensitivity at picking up bronchodilator response due to effects of dynamic expiratory airway com- pression.Effort independent tests such as relaxed vital capacity or trapped gas volume are much more sensitive in this respect.'Are we therefore to believe, on the basis of peak flow recordings, that a mean treatment
The 1995 update of recommendations for a standard technique for measuring the single-breath carbon monoxide diffusing capacity (transfer factor)
Authors: E Rosenberg
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1996)

"The 1995 update of recommendations for a standard technique for measuring the single-breath carbon monoxide diffusing capacity (transfer factor)." American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine, 154(1), pp. 265–266
Chorea or St. Vitus' Dance in Children.
Journal: JAMA (1893)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A Nonlinear Dosimetric Model for Hemoglobin Adduct Formation by the Neurotoxic Agent Acrylamide and Its Genotoxic Metabolite Glycidamide
Authors: Carl Johan Calleman, Emma Bergmark, Louis G. Stern, Lucio G. Costa
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1993)

Hemoglobin (Hb) adducts, formed by the neurotoxic agent acrylamide (AA) and its genotoxic metabolite glycidamide (GA), were measured in the rat by means of a method for simultaneous determination of the adducts formed to cysteine. A novel, nonlinear dosimetric model was developed to describe Hb adduct formation. This model incorporates the saturable kinetics of the metabolic conversion in vivo of AA to GA. The pharmacokinetic parameters Vmax and Km and the first-order rates of elimination, k1 and k2, for AA and GA from all processes except conversion of AA to GA, were estimated directly from Hb adduct data to 19 M hr-1, 66 microM, 0.21 hr-1, and 0.48 hr-1, respectively. At low concentrations, approximately 60% of AA was metabolized to GA. The nonlinear dosimetric model for adduct formation has potential general applicability in high-to-low-dose extrapolation of genotoxic effects.
Attack on schistosomiasis.
Journal: BMJ (1966)

the child if born would be likely to suffer from such physical or mental abnormalities as to deprive it of any prospect of reasonable enjoyment of life."Again this section is to be interpreted in the light of the " total environment."Termination on the ground that a sexual offence has been committed against the woman is dealt with in clause 1(d) and clause 2(2) of the revised Bill.The latter section requires, before termination for rape, a doctor's certificate, but "no such certificate shall be given unless the woman who alleges she has been raped has consulted the said regis- tered medical practitioner as soon as practicable after the alleged rape and there was then medical evidence of sexual assault."Both the B.M.A. Council and Lord Dilhorne oppose the inclusion in clause 1, section (d), of the words " when under the age of 16."The powers given under section (a) of clause 1 should be adequate to cover the situation.Despite the safeguards in clause 2, section (2), there must be reserva-
A shortcut from non-alcoholic fatty liver disease to HCC: c-Myc, a promising theranostic target
Authors: Feifei Guo, Kang Zheng, Raquel Benedé, Marius Woitok, Olga Estévez Vázquez, Philip Kaye, Christian Liedtke, Francisco Javier Cubero, Yulia A. Nevzorova
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2020)
Diseases of the Skin,
Journal: JAMA (1893)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 68: Caveolae-specific Phosphorylation of L-type Calcium Channel β2a Subunit exaggerates Cardiac Hypertrophic Responses after α1 Adrenergic Stimulation in Mice
Authors: Hiroyuki Nakayama, Shohei Kumagai, Sachi Matsunami, Nao Hayamizu, Kota Tonegawa, Wataru Otsuka, Yasushi Fujio
Journal: Circulation Research (2014)

Rationale: Ca2+ influx via L-type Ca2+ channels (LTCCs) plays a pivotal role in excitation-contraction coupling and cardiac hypertrophy. Phosphorylation of LTCC β2a subunit (β2a) by CaMKII enhances channel activity. LTCCs are localized in both T-tubules and caveolae, but the functional role of phosphorylation of β2a in caveolae remains unelucidated. Objective: To develop a novel tool to analyze caveolae specific activation of CaMKII and to determine the functional roles of caveolae-specific CaMKII signaling in LTCC-related cardiac hypertrophy. Methods and Results: To evaluate caveolae-specific activation of CaMKII, we generated a fusion protein composed of the cytosolic domain of phospholamban (PLN) as a phosphopeptide tag and caveolin3 (cPLN-Cav3). Activation of CaMKII was assessed by phospho-specific antibody for PLN (Thr17). To inhibit caveolae-specific activation, we generated a GFP fusion protein with caveolae-targeting sequences fused to CaMKII inhibitory peptide (CTS-GFP-AIP). In neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (NRCM), adenoviral expression revealed that CTS-GFP-AIP co-localizes with caveolin3 and mediates caveolae specific inhibition of CaMKII, thus validating this novel method. CTS-GFP-AIP inhibited CaMKII phosphorylation of β2a in NRCM, thus suggesting that phosphorylation of β2a occurs exclusively in caveolae. Phenylephrine stimulation mediates CaMKII activation in caveolae, which leads to CaMKII-specific phosphorylation of β2a in vitro and in vivo. Finally, we generated non-phospho mutant β2a -overexpressing mice and assessed hypertrophic responses in both wild-type and mutant β2a transgenic animals (TG). Protein expression by transgenes in mutant TG was similar to those previously reported in wild-type β2a overexpressing mice. Wild-type β2a TG showed exaggerated cardiac hypertrophic responses at two weeks after phenylephrine stimulation when compared to controls (4.8 ± 0.2 vs. 5.5 ± 0.3 for heart weight to body weight ratio; p&lt;0.05), which was completely abolished in mutant TG. Conclusions: We developed a novel method to analyze caveolae-specific activation of CaMKII and confirmed that caveolae-specific phosphorylation of β2a exaggerates cardiac hypertrophy caused by phenylephrine stimulation.
Influence of the Consumption of Fatty Baltic Sea Fish on Plasma Levels of Halogenated Environmental Contaminants in Latvian and Swedish Men
Authors: Andreas Sjödin, Lars Hagmar, Eva Klasson-Wehler, Jonas Björk, Åke Bergman
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2000)

We examined the influence of widely varied consumption of fatty fish from the Baltic Sea and of age on plasma concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polychlorobiphenylols (OH-PCBs), 2, 2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-1,1,1-trichloroethane (4,4'-DDT), 2, 2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-1,1-dichloroethane (4,4'-DDE), 2,2',4, 4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47), hexachlorobenzene (HCB), and pentachlorophenol (PCP) in Latvian and Swedish men. Both age and fish consumption were significantly correlated with the concentrations of [sigman]PCB, [sigman]OH-PCB, 4,4'-DDE, 4,4'-DDT, and HCB. In the case of BDE-47, no significant relationship with age was observed, and fish consumption had the largest relative effect on plasma concentrations of this contaminant. This relationship may be a result of exposure to BDE-47 having been more recent than that of PCBs and DDE, or because the half-life of BDE-47 may be shorter than that of PCB and DDE. Latvian men demonstrated higher plasma levels of DDE and DDT but lower levels of [sigman]PCB and PCP than did Swedish men. The corresponding levels of HCB and BDE-47 were similar in both countries. The Spearman's rank correlation coefficient obtained by comparing the level of the metabolite 4-hydroxy-2,3,3',4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl (4-OH-CB107) to the combined levels of its parent compounds, 2,3,3',4, 4'-pentachlorobiphenyl (CB-105) and 2,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl (CB-118), was higher than the median correlation coefficient obtained upon comparing the level of this metabolite to all other possible combinations of two PCB levels. No other increased correlation between metabolite and parent PCB concentration was observed.
New evidence of the prevalence and scope of physician joint ventures
Authors: J. M. Mitchell
Journal: JAMA (1992)

Physician ownership of health care businesses (outside their own practice) to which they refer patients has attracted considerable attention in the medical literature, in the media, and from federal and state policymakers. Despite the concerns raised about these ownership arrangements, known as joint ventures, the prevalence and scope of joint ventures involving physicians is not well documented. This report examines the prevalence and scope of physician joint ventures in Florida based on data collected under a legislative mandate. Our results indicate that physician ownership of health care businesses providing diagnostic testing or other ancillary services is common in Florida. While this conclusion is based on our comprehensive survey of health care businesses in Florida, it is at least indicative that such arrangements are likely to occur elsewhere. We find that at least 40% of Florida physicians involved in direct patient care have an investment interest in a health care business to which they may refer their patients for services; over 91% of the physician owners are concentrated in specialties that may refer patients for services. About 40% of the physician investors have a financial interest in diagnostic imaging centers. The estimates reported here indicate that the proportion of referring physicians involved in direct patient care who participate in joint ventures is much higher than previous estimates suggest. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1992;268:80-84)
Pseudotumor Cerebri
Authors: Roger Boe
Journal: JAMA (1973)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> We would like to report a case of benign intracranial hypertension (pseudotumor cerebri) that we believe may be secondary to gentamicin therapy. To our knowledge, there has been no correlation between gentamicin therapy and benign intracranial hypertension in the literature to date. <h3>Report of a Case.—</h3> A 26-year-old man with cystic fibrosis and pulmonary disease was admitted to the hospital because of intensely severe headaches, nausea, and transient loss of vision. Five days prior to admission, the patient was treated for a recurrence of his pulmonary symptoms with gentamicin, 80 mg intramuscularly administered twice a day, on an outpatient basis. During the 36 hours prior to admission, the patient complained of headaches accompanied by transient blurring of vision, which was more noticeable on the right side. He received pentazocine, 50 mg, and propoxyphene, 65 mg, for the headaches, with no improvement. On the morning of admission, the