tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Book Review International Medical Annual: A year book of treatment and practitioner's index . Edited by H. Letheby Tidy, M.A., M.D. (Oxon.), F.R.C.P., and A. Rendle Short, M.D., B.S., B.Sc., F.R.C.S. 8°, cloth, 545 pp., with 65 plates. Baltimore: Williams &amp; Wilkins Company, 1940. $6.00.
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1940)
<i>Clinical Manual of Mental Diseases. For Practitioners and Students.</i>By A. Campbell Clark, M. D., F. F. P. S. G., Mackintosh Lecturer on Psychological Medicine, St. Mungo's College, Glasgow; Medical Superintendent of Lanark County Asylum, Hartwood. University Series. London, Bellière, Tindall &amp; Cox, i8g7. (12mo, pp. viii, 484.)
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1897)
Worn Trails
Authors: Daryl Jones
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Ligation Approach May Prevent Recurrence of Pulmonary Emboli
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Tissue Damage and Nutritional Factors in Experimental Respiratory Tract (Co-)Carcinogenesis
Authors: P. G. J. Reuzel, V. J. Feron, B. J. Spit, R. B. Beems, R. Kroes
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1983)

Cofactors involved in respiratory tract carcinogenesis were studied in Syrian golden hamsters or in rats using benzo(a)pyrene as the carcinogenic agent. These factors included severe tissue damage induced by electro-coagulation, glass fibers administered by intratracheal instillation, acetaldehyde as irritant vapor, food restriction, and nutrients such as vitamin A and saturated and unsaturated fats. In addition, the effects of a combined exposure to four different major gaseous cigarette smoke components--methyl nitrate, isoprene, methyl chloride and acetaldehyde--and to one solid cigarette smoke component--norharman--were examined in short- and long-term inhalation studies. An interesting finding was the carcinogenicity of acetaldehyde, of which the possible mechanism is briefly discussed. Another conspicuous observation was the substantial increase in number and size of lipid droplets in alveolar fibroblasts of hamsters fed a high vitamin A diet.
Kidney stones
Authors: Malvinder S Parmar
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Kidney stones affect up to 5% of the population, with a lifetime risk of passing a kidney stone of about 8-10%. 1 Increased incidence of kidney stones in the industrialised world is associated with improved standards of living and is strongly associated with race or ethnicity and region of residence. 2A seasonal variation is also seen, with high urinary calcium oxalate saturation in men during summer and in women during early winter. 3tones form twice as often in men as women.The peak age in men is 30 years; women have a bimodal age distribution, with peaks at 35 and 55 years.Once a kidney stone forms, the probability that a second stone will form within five to seven years is approximately 50%. 1 Sources and search criteriaI searched Medline to identify recent articles (1990-2003) related to the evaluation and management of kidney stones.
Perez and Brady’s Principles and Practice of Radiation Oncology
Authors: William Small
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Council on Drugs. List No. 84. New names
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Microbiology of Foods.
Journal: JAMA (1933)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Finding the most reliable dope on doping
Authors: A. A. Skolnick
Journal: JAMA (1996)

EVEN ATHLETES who have no interest in taking performance-enhancing substances need to learn about the substances that they may be tested for. The innocent use of the wrong over-the-counter cold remedy or an herbal tea from a health food store could land them in a lot of trouble with their sport's governing body. At the very least, the athlete's physician should be able to advise him or her where to get the most up-to-date information on substances that are prohibited by the athlete's sport governing body, says Lyn R. Frumkin, MD, PhD, associate director for clinical research at Amgen, Thousand Oaks, Calif. Frumkin is one of the US Olympic Committee's (USOC's) physician crew chiefs who supervise the collection and processing of urine samples from US Olympic athletes. The USOC, which operates a complete drug-testing program equivalent to the International Olympic Committee's (IOC's) program, distributes an official list of banned substances.
New developments in the sex education of the physician
Authors: H. I. Lief
Journal: JAMA (1970)

The controversy swirling around the issue of sex education in the nation's schools has not affected the teaching of sex and marriage counseling in our medical schools. In the educational objective to increase the ability of the nation's physicians to deal more effectively and competently with the sexual and marital problems of their patients, it is difficult to discern a communist plot to undermine the morality of the country. Parenthetically, anent these absurd charges, the leading newspapers behind the iron curtain assert that sex education is a capitalist plot aimed at seducing communist youth to decrease their serious concern with social problems in favor of a frivolous attitude toward life. The recognition that there were serious deficiencies in the preparation of physicians to deal with a very important aspect of practice came slowly at first, but then accelerated. In 1963, less than a handful of schools had any formal program
Acute subarachnoid hemorrhage
Authors: K. Y. Chynn
Journal: JAMA (1975)

AMPHETAMINE abuse and poisoning may lead to acute subarachnoid hemorrhage, clinically indistinguishable from ruptured berry aneurysm or arteriovenous malformation. The purposes of this communication are to call attention to such rare but serious complications of amphetamine abuse and to report an interesting angiographic feature of vasculitis demonstrable only on early angiography. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 19-year-old girl was brought to St. Luke's Hospital Center emergency room because she was stuporous and had paralysis of the right side since early that morning. She had enjoyed good health until the day before admission when she smoked marihuana, took amphetamine and cocaine orally, and began to complain of severe generalized headache and nausea and became drowsy. On physical examination she was a stuporous young girl rolling about in bed. She was responsive to noxious stimuli and moved her left arm and leg spontaneously. There was paralysis of her right upper and lower
Bilateral central retinal artery occlusion secondary to sickle cell disease
Authors: Ishak A.E. Mansi, Ahmed M. Alkhunaizi, Adil A. Al‐Khatti
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2000)

To the Editor: Painful crisis is the most common complication in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD), while central retinal artery occlusion (RAO)
Intergroup randomized phase III study of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) plus radiation therapy (RT) in locally advanced prostate cancer (CaP) (NCIC-CTG, SWOG, MRC-UK, INT: T94-0110; NCT00002633).
Authors: P. R. Warde, M. D. Mason, M. R. Sydes, M. K. Gospodarowicz, G. P. Swanson, P. Kirkbride, E. Kostashuk, J. Hetherington, K. Ding, W. Parulekar
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

CRA4504 Background: The impact of radiotherapy on overall survival (OS) in men with locally advanced CaP is unclear. The SPCG-7 trial recently showed a benefit to RT for CaP specific mortality. Our primary objective was to assess the effect of RT on OS when added to lifelong ADT in men with locally advanced CaP. Methods: Patients with T3/T4 (1057) or T2, PSA > 40 μ g/l (119) or T2 PSA > 20 μ g/l and Gleason ≥ 8 (25) and N0 /NX, M0 prostate adenocarcinoma were randomized to lifelong ADT (bilateral orchiectomy or LHRH agonist) with or without RT (65-69 Gy to prostate ± seminal vesicles with or without 45Gy to pelvic nodes). The primary endpoint was OS and secondary endpoints included disease specific survival (DSS), time to disease progression and quality of life. Results: 1205 patients were randomized from 1995 to 2005, 602 to ADT and 603 to ADT+RT (well balanced with respect to baseline characteristics). A protocol specified second interim analysis on OS was performed in Aug 2009 (data cut-off Dec 31 2008). The DSMC recommended release of the results to the Trial Committee for publication. The median follow-up is 6.0 years and 320 patients have died (175 ADT and 145 ADT+RT). 10% of patients had no follow-up data beyond 2006. The addition of RT to ADT significantly reduced the risk of death (hazard ratio [HR] 0.77, 95% CI 0.61-0.98, p=0.033). 140 patients died of disease and/or treatment (89 on ADT and 51 on ADT+RT) The disease specific survival HR was 0.57 (95% CI 0.41-0.81, p=0.001) favoring ADT+RT. The 10 year cumulative disease specific death rates were estimated at 15% with ADT+ RT and 23% with ADT alone. Grade ≥2 late GI toxicity rates were similar in both arms (proctitis, 1.3% ADT alone, 1.8% ADT+RT). Conclusions: The trial results indicate a substantial overall survival and disease specific survival benefit for the combined modality approach (ADT+RT) in the management of patients with locally advanced prostate cancer with no significant increase in late treatment toxicity. In view of this data combined modality therapy (ADT+RT) should be the standard treatment approach for these patients. Supported by NCI-US Grant #5U10CA077202-12, CCSRI Grant #15469. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Challenges for junior faculty: mentoring and family
Authors: J. M. Williams
Journal: JAMA (1996)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —Dr Williams raises several important issues. First, she highlights the difficulty of establishing academic careers, especially in research, in academic settings where there are few established senior faculty. We agree that isolation from mentoring, role models, and information can affect most junior faculty in such settings, regardless of sex. In the more established research environment in which our interventions were conducted, this isolation was frequently the experience of junior faculty women substantially more than men. It was countered, in part, by actively making career development information available. Isolation from senior women role models can be addressed in several ways: leadership that recognizes the problems, supports its women faculty's success, and decreases their isolation in other ways; bringing in women faculty from other institutions for lectures and consultation; and training male faculty to provide constructive and supportive mentoring for women. Dr Williams also addresses the conflict between the demands of establishing
OC-003 No clinical benefit of prebiotics in the treatment of active Crohn's disease: a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial:
Authors: J L Benjamin, C R H Hedin, A Koutsoumpas, S C Ng, A L Hart, M A Kamm, J D Sanderson, S C Knight, A Forbes, A J Stagg, K Whelan, J O Lindsay
Journal: Gut (2010)

<h3>Introduction</h3> The intestinal microbiota drive inflammation associated with Crohn9s disease.1 The composition of the intestinal microbiota can be influenced by prebiotic9s such as fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS). Preliminary data suggest that FOS can increase colonic bifidobacteria and induce immunoregulatory dendritic cell (DC) epithelial responses.2 <h3>Methods</h3> To assess the impact of a diet supplemented with FOS in patients with active Crohn9s disease using an appropriately powered randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Patients with active Crohn9s disease (CDAI ≥ 220, plus one marker of inflammation) were randomised to receive 15 g/day FOS or placebo for 4 weeks. The primary endpoint was clinical response at week 4 (change in CDAI of −70 in the intention-to-treat (ITT) population). Multiple pre-specified secondary endpoints were analysed, including intracellular cytokine staining assessed by flow cytometry (n=27). <h3>Results</h3> In total, 103 patients were randomised to receive FOS (n=54) or placebo (n=49). The mean (SD) baseline CDAI was 283 (61.1) and 286 (61.5) in the FOS and placebo groups, respectively (p=0.79). Significantly more patients receiving FOS (n=14.26%) than placebo (n=4.8%) withdrew before the 4-week endpoint (p=0.018). There was no significant clinical benefit of FOS compared to placebo (Abstract 003). Patients receiving FOS, but not placebo, had a reduced proportion of IL-6+ intestinal DC, and increased DC staining of IL-10 (both p&lt;0.05). No effect on DC IL-12 was seen. Throughout the intervention patients receiving FOS had a significantly greater severity of flatulence (FOS mean 10.8, SD 5.7 vs placebo 7.3, 3.6, p=0.004) and rumbling gut (mean 8.3, SD 5.0 vs 6.1, 4.1, p=0.029) compared with placebo. <h3>Conclusion</h3> An adequately powered trial of a diet supplemented with FOS in a well defined population of patients with active Crohn9s disease showed no clinical benefit despite impacting on DC immunology. Patient withdrawal was greater in patients receiving FOS.
Osteogenesis Imperfecta&lt;subtitle&gt;Rehabilitation and Prospects for Gene Therapy&lt;/subtitle&gt;
Authors: Joan C. Marini
Journal: JAMA (1997)

<h3>SELECTED CASE</h3> A 6-year-old girl with type IV osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) was seen initially at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) at the age of 3 months. She was the product of an uncomplicated term pregnancy delivered by cesarean section. She weighed 2.4 kg at birth and was noted to have a soft skull. At 3 months of age she was noted to have a swollen right thigh, diagnosed as a femur fracture, and was treated with a hip spica cast for 6 weeks. When the radiograph was taken, an old healed left femur fracture was also seen. The diagnosis of OI was made at that time. On physical examination at the age of 3 months, she could lie prone, support her head, and lift all limbs against gravity. Her knee and ankle joints were lax, and her left femur was bowed 45°. Treatment was to encourage physical activity through
Say 'Ah!'
Authors: Michael J. Moore
Journal: JAMA (1984)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In the Oct 14, 1983, issue ofThe Journal, Lola Armstrong<sup>1</sup>asked how long it has been since a doctor asked anyone to "stick out your tongue and say 'ah!' " I was surprised to realize that she thought doctors no longer did this, and a group of internists and family practitioners attending a weekly breakfast meeting all agreed that this was probably requested of one third of the patients we see in the course of each day. The problem may be one of semantics; she was likely referring to examination of the tongue in some detail, which was thought in her early years to provide excellent clues as to diagnosis. While most of us examine the tongue to some degree in the course of a mouth examination, we are probably more concerned with the pharynx and tonsils. It is of interest that a better examination often can
Increased CHEK2 1100delC genotype frequency (also) in unselected breast cancer patients
Authors: M. M. De Jong, W. T. A. Van der Graaf, I. M. Nolte, G. J. Te Meerman, J. C. Oosterwijk, G. Van der Steege, M. Boezen, M. Schaapveld, J. H. Kleibeuker, E. G. E. De Vries
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

9536 Background. CHEK2 was recently identified as a low-penetrance breast cancer susceptibility gene, with an increased genotype frequency of the 1100delC variant in familial cases without detectable BRCA1/2 mutations (4.2–5.5%) compared to controls (1.1–1.4%) in 2 studies. No difference in genotype frequency of the variant was observed between unselected breast cancer cases (0.3–2.0%) and controls in 3 different studies. This could be due to lack of power of the individual studies. Methods. The 1100delC variant was studied in 962 unselected breast cancer cases and 367 controls (spouses of the unselected patients) and in familial breast cancer cases with (n=75) and without (n=288) BRCA1/2 mutations. The unselected breast cancer cases were assigned to 'high', 'moderate' or 'low' genetic risk groups, based on age at diagnosis, bilaterality of breast cancer, number of first degree relatives with breast cancer, and co-occurrence of ovarian cancer and male breast cancer in the family. In addition, the data of the published studies and the present one were combined. Results. In unselected breast cancer patients, the variant was observed in 2.9% and in controls in 1.4% (NS). After stratifying the patients according to genetic risk, the frequency was highest in high-risk (4.4%), followed by moderate-risk (3.8%), and lowest in low-risk patients (2.4%), P-value for trend <0.05. In 288 familial cases without BRCA1/2 mutations, 6.3% carried the variant, this is higher than in controls (P-value <0.001). None of the familial cases with a BRCA1/2 mutation had the variant. The pooled analysis revealed an association with the 1100delC variant in unselected breast cancer cases (OR=2.25, P-value <0.0005) and in familial cases without BRCA1/2 mutations (OR=5.09, P-value <0.0001). Conclusion. Apart from an increased 1100delC genotype frequency in familial breast cancer cases without BRCA1/2 mutations, the genotype frequency of the CHEK2 1100delC variant increased with assumed genetic risk in unselected breast cancer cases. The pooled analysis revealed an increased 1100delC genotype frequency in unselected breast cancer cases. No significant financial relationships to disclose.