tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Chronic Diseases of Children
Authors: Janet M. Torpy, Cassio Lynm, Richard M. Glass
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Chronic Diseases of Children Children often have acute, short-term illnesses such as upper respiratory tract or ear infections, gastrointestinal illness with vomiting and diarrhea, or injury-related problems.However, some children develop chronic illness (lasting for years or even lifelong) as a result of genetic (inherited) conditions, environmental factors, or a combination of both.Because prenatal (before birth) exposure to tobacco smoke, alcohol, and other toxins can affect a baby' s health, it is important to extend environmental and nutritional concerns to women who may become pregnant.The June 27, 2007, issue of JAMA is a theme issue about chronic diseases of children.
Lack of evidence of significant tubular injury in patients with cirrhosis and persistent hepatorenal syndrome. implications for liver transplantation
Authors: Cristina Solé Martí, Elsa Solà, Marta Carol, Núria Fabrellas, Adria Juanola, Laura Napoleone, Patricia Huelin, Marta Cervera, Martina Perez, Emma Avitabile, Isabel Graupera, Elisa Pose, Pere Ginès
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2020)
Altered density of glomerular binding sites for atrial natriuretic factor in bile duct-ligated rats with ascites,
Authors: A Gerbes
Journal: Hepatology (1991)

The renal response to atrial natriuretic factor is blunted in cirrhosis with ascites.This might be due to alterations of renal receptors for atrial natriuretic factor.Therefore density and affinity of glomerular atrial natriuretic factor binding sites of bile ductligated rats with ascites (n = 10) and of sham-operated controls (n = 10) were determined.Glomerular atrial natriuretic factor binding sites were identified to be of the B-("biologically active") and C-("clearance") receptor type.Discrimination and quantitative determination of B and C receptors for atrial natriuretic factor were achieved by displacement experiments with atrial natriuretic factor(99-126) or des(l8-22)atrial natriuretic factor(4-23), an analogue binding to C receptors only.Density of total glomerular atrial natriuretic factor binding sites was significantly increased in bile duct-ligated rats (3,518 * 864 vs.1,648 2 358 fmol/mgprotein; p < 0.05).This was due to a significant increase of C-receptor density (3,460 f 866 vs. 1,486 f 363 fmol/mg protein; p < 0.05), whereas density of B receptors was not significantly different in bile duct-ligated rats (58 2 11 vs. 162 2 63 fmol/mg protein).Affinity of atrial natriuretic factor to its glomerular binding sites did not differ significantly between both groups.These data suggest that an altered glomerular atrial natriuretic factor receptor density could be involved in the renal resistance to atrial natriuretic factor in cirrhosis with ascites.(
Defensive biological warfare researchers prepare to counteract 'natural' enemies in battle, at home
Authors: M. F. Goldsmith
Journal: JAMA (1991)

"BIOLOGICAL warfare—that pushes a lot of hot buttons in people emotionally," Michael R. Groves, DVM, PhD, an expert on the subject, said at the recent meeting in Chicago, Ill, of the Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy (ICAAC). The session was planned while Operation Desert Storm focused attention on the possibility that various forms of unconventional weapons might be used in the Persian Gulf (<i>JAMA</i>. 1991;265:705). Groves says that "nowhere [are the 'buttons pushed'] more so than in a group of microbiologists and infectious disease people who have spent their lives trying to do away with disease, and here we have somebody wanting to start disease using microorganisms." He and others then described what the loaded phrase means in the United States today. Groves, who heads the Epidemiology Department at Louisiana State University in Baton Rouge, is retired (with the rank of colonel) from the position of "research area
Die Procto-Sigmoscopie und ihre Bedeutung Für die Diagnostik und Therapie der Krankheiten des Rektum und der Flexura sigmoide.
Journal: JAMA (1910)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Migraine
Authors: Joel R. Saper
Journal: JAMA (1978)

MIGRAINE is a common yet poorly understood disorder. Although prevalence estimates vary considerably, a recent survey<sup>1</sup>suggests that as many as 15% to 19% of men and 25% to 29% of women may experience a migraine attack during their lifetime. Despite migraine's prevalence and long history in the annals of recorded medicine, this condition has succeeded in defying a firm understanding of its pathogenesis, an objective method of establishing a diagnosis, or a consistently reliable therapy. In 1962, attempting to encourage uniformity in the diagnosis of chronic headache conditions, the Ad Hoc Committee on Classification of Headache<sup>2</sup>proposed guidelines for the diagnosis of migraine as well as other headache disorders. Despite the wellintended effort, many researchers as well as independent clinicians persist in establishing the diagnosis of headache conditions with considerable arbitrariness and inconsistency. A glaring example of this problem can be illustrated by examining the misunderstanding that
Operative Orthopaedics
Authors: Irwin M. Siegel
Journal: JAMA (1994)

This outstanding and wide-ranging reference work is a major contribution to the field of operative orthopedics. The first edition was published in 1988 (reviewed in<i>JAMA</i>March 17, 1989); the second edition, through substantial addition and revision, has ably responded to the advances in orthopedic surgery over the past five years. The text has been expanded from 173 chapters in three volumes to 224 in four. There are 800 more pages and a larger typeface than in the first edition. New installments have been added on external ring fixation-distraction and inflammatory, neurologic, hematologic, and acquired bone and joint disorders. Each section could stand as a book in its own right. For instance, the nine new chapters in the opening subdivision on surgical principles and techniques provide a comprehensive and well-structured review of basic principles, as well as an authoritative overview of the management of a surgical patient. Chapman and Madison
Long-Term Survival in Patients Presenting With Type A Acute Aortic Dissection
Authors: Thomas T. Tsai, Arturo Evangelista, Christoph A. Nienaber, Santi Trimarchi, Udo Sechtem, Rossella Fattori, Truls Myrmel, Linda Pape, Jeanna V. Cooper, Dean E. Smith, Jianming Fang, Eric Isselbacher, Kim A. Eagle
Journal: Circulation (2006)

Background— Earlier studies evaluating long-term survival in type A acute aortic dissection (TA-AAD) have been restricted to a small number of patients in single center experiences. We used data from a contemporary, multi-center international registry of TA-AAD patients to better understand factors associated with long-term survival. Methods and Results— We examined 303 consecutive patients with TA-AAD enrolled in the International Registry of Acute Aortic Dissection (IRAD) between 1996 and 2003. We included patients who were discharged alive and had documented clinical follow-up data. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were constructed to depict cumulative survival in patients from date of hospital discharge. Stepwise Cox proportional hazards analysis was performed to identify independent predictors of follow-up mortality. We found that 273 (90.1%) patients had been managed surgically and 30 (9.9%) were managed medically. Patients who were dead at follow-up were more likely to be older (63.9 versus 58.4 years, P =0.007) and to have had previous cardiac surgery (23.9% versus 10.6%, P =0.01). Survival for patients treated with surgery was 96.1%±2.4% and 90.5%±3.9% at 1 and 3 years versus 88.6%±12.2% and 68.7%±19.8% without surgery (mean follow-up overall, 2.8 years, log rank P =0.009). Multivariate analysis identified a history of atherosclerosis (relative risk (RR), 2.17; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.08 to 4.37; P =0.03) and previous cardiac surgery (RR, 2.54; 95% CI, 1.16 to 5.57; P =0.02) as significant, independent predictors of follow-up mortality. Conclusions— Contemporary 1- and 3-year survival in patients with TA-AAD treated surgically are excellent. Independent predictors of survival during the follow-up period do not appear to be influenced by in-hospital risks but rather preexisting comorbidities.
Subchronic Exposure to TCDD, PeCDF, PCB126, and PCB153: Effect on Hepatic Gene Expression
Authors: Chad M. Vezina, Nigel J. Walker, James R. Olson
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2004)

We employed DNA microarray to identify unique hepatic gene expression patterns associated with subchronic exposure to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) and other halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons (HAHs).Female Harlan Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed for 13 weeks to toxicologically equivalent doses of four different HAHs based on the toxic equivalency factor of each chemical: TCDD (100 ng/kg/day), 2,3,4,7,8-pentachlorodibenzofuran (PeCDF; 200 ng/kg/day), 3,3´,4,4´,5-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB126; 1,000 ng/kg/day), or 2,2´,4,4´,5,5´hexachlorobiphenyl (PCB153; 1,000 µg/kg/day).Global gene expression profiles for each exposure, which account for 8,799 gene probe sets contained on Affymetrix RGU34A GeneChips, were compared by principal components analysis.The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) ligands TCDD, PeCDF, and PCB126 produced very similar global gene expression profiles that were unique from the nonAhR ligand PCB153, underscoring the extensive impact of AhR activation and/or the resulting hepatic injury on global gene expression in female rat liver.Many genes were coexpressed during the 13-week TCDD, PeCDF, or PCB126 exposures, including classical AhR-regulated genes and some genes not previously characterized as being AhR regulated, such as carcinoembryonic-cell adhesion molecule 4 (C-CAM4) and adenylate cyclase-associated protein 2 (CAP2).Real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction confirmed the increased expression of these genes in TCDD-, PeCDF-, and PCB126-exposed rats as well as the up-or downregulation of several other novel dioxin-responsive genes.In summary, DNA microarray successfully identified dioxin-responsive genes expressed after exposure to AhR ligands (TCDD, PeCDF, PCB126) but not after exposure to the non-AhR ligand PCB153.Together, these findings may help to elucidate some of the fundamental features of dioxin toxicity and may further clarify the biologic role of the AhR signaling pathway.
Subpopulation Estimates From the HIV Incidence Surveillance System—United States, 2006
Journal: JAMA (2009)

CDC has created an HIV incidence surveillance system in selected areas of the United States as a component of its national human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) reporting system. The purpose of the new system is to estimate the number of new HIV infections occurring each year in the United States. Initial results published recently for 2006 showed that 73% of new infections were in males, 45% were in blacks, and 53% were in men who have sex with men (MSM). To provide additional subpopulation estimates by age group, race/ethnicity, and HIV transmission category, CDC conducted a more detailed analysis of data from the new surveillance system. The results indicated that, in 2006, of new HIV infections among males, 72% were in MSM. Among MSM with new infections, 46% were white, 35% were black, and 19% were Hispanic. Among MSM aged 13-29 years, the number of new HIV infections in blacks (5,220) was 1.6 times the number in whites (3,330) and 2.3 times the number in Hispanics (2,300). Among females, the predominant HIV transmission category was high-risk heterosexual contact, which accounted for 80% of new infections. The HIV incidence rate for black females was 14.7 times the rate for white females, and the rate for Hispanic females was 3.8 times the rate for white females. MSM (of all races), blacks, and Hispanics were represented disproportionately in 2006 among those with new HIV infections. The new incidence data will help guide local, state, and national intervention measures tailored to those populations at greatest risk for HIV infection.
Physical interventions to interrupt or reduce the spread of respiratory viruses: systematic review
Authors: Tom Jefferson, Ruth Foxlee, Chris Del Mar, Liz Dooley, Eliana Ferroni, Bill Hewak, Adi Prabhala, Sree Nair, Alex Rivetti
Journal: BMJ (2007)

Fast-spiking (FS) interneurons are important elements of neocortical circuitry that constitute the primary source of synaptic inhibition in adult cortex and impart temporal organization on ongoing cortical activity. The highly specialized intrinsic membrane and firing properties that allow cortical FS interneurons to perform these functions are attributable to equally specialized gene expression, which is ultimately coordinated by cell-type-specific transcriptional regulation. Although embryonic transcriptional events govern the initial steps of cell-type specification in most cortical interneurons, including FS cells, the electrophysiological properties that distinguish adult cortical cell types emerge relatively late in postnatal development, and the transcriptional events that drive this maturational process are not known. To address this, we used mouse whole-genome microarrays and whole-cell patch clamp to characterize the transcriptional and electrophysiological maturation of cortical FS interneurons between postnatal day 7 (P7) and P40. We found that the intrinsic and synaptic physiology of FS cells undergoes profound regulation over the first 4 postnatal weeks and that these changes are correlated with primarily monotonic but bidirectional transcriptional regulation of thousands of genes belonging to multiple functional classes. Using our microarray screen as a guide, we discovered that upregulation of two-pore K<sup>+</sup> leak channels between P10 and P25 contributes to one of the major differences between the intrinsic membrane properties of immature and adult FS cells and found a number of other candidate genes that likely confer cell-type specificity on mature FS cells.
<i>Announcement:</i> Click It or Ticket Campaign — May 22–June 4, 2017
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2017)

In 2015, a total of 22,441 passenger vehicle occupants died in motor vehicle crashes in the United States, representing a 6.6% increase from 2014.Among those who died, 48% were unrestrained by a seat belt (or an age-and size-appropriate car seat or booster seat for younger children) at the time of the crash, whereas only 14% of 38,152 passenger vehicle occupants who survived a crash where at least one person died were unrestrained (1).Using a seat belt is one of the most effective ways to prevent serious injury or death among older children, teens, and adults in the event of a crash (2).Despite the effectiveness of seat belts, millions of persons in the United States continue to travel unrestrained (3).Click It or Ticket is a national campaign coordinated annually by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) to increase proper use of seat belts through safety education and strong law enforcement.Click It or Ticket takes place from May 22 to June 4, 2017.Law enforcement agencies across the nation will conduct intensive, high-visibility enforcement of seat belt laws, which has been demonstrated to be effective in increasing seat belt use (4).Enforcement is particularly encouraged from 6 p.m. until 5:59 a.m., because seat belt use is lower at night (1).Additional information and
Studies on the Mechanism of Action of Metaraminol
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Gastrointestinal Pathology
Authors: Milton G. Bohrod
Journal: JAMA (1973)

Two practicing pathologists discuss the field of gastroenterology from their own broad point of view. In addition to good gross and microscopic descriptions, the book contains the kind of diagnostic and therapeutic matters that a good pathologist discusses with his clinical colleagues in the day-to-day handling of cases. The experience of the authors is repeatedly mentioned, particularly if it is not in accord with the beliefs of others. Indications for pathologic study and the influence of methods on interpretation are set out very clearly and wisely. Each section starts with an appropriate anatomic and physiologic introduction and ends with a discussion of biopsy of that region. In spite of its size, this book is not an exhaustive reference work. Practically all the information, much of the speculation, and most of the theories are there, but the discussions are frequently short and to the point. Opinions may be dismissed with a
Once-Daily Tiotropium Respimat® Add-on to at Least Ics Maintenance Therapy Demonstrates Improved Asthma Control in Patients with Symptomatic Asthma, Independent of Serum IgE or Blood Eosinophil Levels
Authors: Mark L. Vandewalker, Johann Christian Virchow, Thomas B. Casale, Michael Engel, Petra Moroni-Zentgraf, Reinhold Lühmann, Ronald Dahl
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2016)
Sympathy
Authors: Walt McDonald
Journal: JAMA (1997)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Electrocardiographic changes suggestive of cardiac ischemia in a patient with esophageal food impaction. 'A case that's hard to swallow'
Authors: J. Yackee
Journal: JAMA (1986)

MANY patients presenting with chest pain initially believed to be cardiac in etiology may, in fact, have esophageal disease as an alternative or additional cause of their complaints. Although electrocardiographic (ECG) repolarization abnormalities have been well described in gastroenterologic processes, such as pancreatitis and cholecystitis,<sup>1</sup>and have been reported in esophageal disease,<sup>2-9</sup>the ECG is generally thought to be a reliable means of distinguishing between esophageal and cardiac pain.<sup>10,11</sup>In this report, we describe a patient who developed ECG changes suggestive of cardiac ischemia secondary to esophageal food impaction. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 57-year-old woman was admitted to the George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, DC, with a chief complaint of chest discomfort and dysphagia. She had a history of intermittent epigastric and substernal burning discomfort with meals, alleviated by antacids, and in 1979 was found to have a hiatal hernia with reflux by upper gastrointestinal
Manuscripts Approved for JNCI, February–March 1972
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1972)

Journal Article Manuscripts Approved for JNCI, February–March 1972 Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 48, Issue 4, April 1972, Page 1261, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/48.4.1261-c Published: 01 April 1972
Contents
Authors: Michael Ip, Jiameng Zhang, Jason Ehrlich, Carol Shields, Emil Anthony, T Say, Murat Hasanreisoglu, Jarin Saktanasate, Brendan Lawson, Jeffrey Landy, Anjali Badami, Meera Sivalingam, Arman Mashayekhi, Jerry Shields, Arupa Ganguly, Deborah Vanderveen, Michele Melia, Michael Scm, Amy Yang, Lorri Hutchinson, Scott Wilson, Juan Wu, Eunyoung Cho, Edward Giovannucci, Bernard Rosner, Srinivas Sastry, Walter Willett, Debra Schaumberg, Damien Yeo, Sidath Wijetilleka, Patrick Watts
Journal: Ophthalmology (2017)
Immunogenicity of recombinant yeast-derived hepatitis B vaccine in nonresponders to perinatal immunization
Authors: K. L. Tan
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —Nonresponse to hepatitis B vaccine in the perinatal period occasionally occurs. This report documents the results of reimmunization of nonresponders to perinatal immunization. <h3>Design.</h3> —From a cohort of 1154 infants immunized with plasma-based vaccine in the perinatal period and followed up for more than 8 years, 45 nonresponders were identified. These children were reimmunized at 4 years of age. Each child received a yeast-derived recombinant hepatitis B vaccine on a 0-, 1-, and 5-month schedule, 33 children with 10-μg and 12 with 5-μg doses. Blood was sampled 1 month after the third vaccination and thereafter at 1, 2, and 4 years. <h3>Setting.</h3> —The follow-up clinic where the cohort of children was regularly seen. <h3>Patients.</h3> —Forty-five 4-year-old children who had no antibody to hepatitis B despite perinatal immunization. <h3>Main Outcome Measure.</h3> —Antibody levels to hepatitis B surface antigen. <h3>Results.</h3> —Seroconversion with titers higher than 10 mlU/mL occurred in all children. More than 70% still had titers higher than 10 mlU/mL 4 years after vaccination. <h3>Conclusion.</h3> —Nonresponders to perinatal hepatitis B vaccination respond well to subsequent vaccination. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1994;271:859-861)