tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Council on Pharmacy and Chemistry
Journal: JAMA (1942)

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Risky Business
Authors: Stephen G. Pauker, Richard I. Kopelman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1992)

The step-by-step process of clinical problem-solving is the subject of this Journal feature. The authors present information about a real patient (boldface type) to an expert clinician in stages to simulate the way such information emerges in everyday clinical practice. The clinician responds (regular type) as each piece of information is presented, sharing his or her reasoning extemporaneously with the reader. The authors' commentary on the process follows. A 31-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital for recurrent endocarditis and severe mitral regurgitation.A number of things come to mind. Did she have endocarditis first, with subsequent mitral regurgitation? Did . . .
Phase I study combining MLN8237 with nab-paclitaxel in patients with advanced solid malignancies.
Authors: Kian-Huat Lim, Albert C. Lockhart, Saiama Naheed Waqar, Ramaswamy Govindan, Maria Quintos Baggstrom, Andrea Wang-Gillam
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

TPS2644 Background: MLN8237 is a small molecule inhibitor against Aurora A kinase, a key serine/threonine kinase that is commonly overexpressed in human cancers, particularly in pancreatic cancer. Abraxane is an albumin-bound paclitaxel (nab-paclitaxel) that effectively disrupts mitosis and is approved by the FDA for treatment of pancreatic, breast and non-small cell lung cancers. Several preclinical studies showed that suppression of Aurora A kinase by RNA interference or MNL8237 effectively blocks mitosis and key oncogenic signaling. Blocking Aurora A kinase has been shown to reverse resistance to paclitaxel in preclinical studies, therefore investigation of MLN8237 combined with nab-paclitaxel in patients with solid tumors is warranted. Methods: This phase I study employs the standard 3+3 design with the primary objective of defining the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and dose-limiting toxicities (DLT). The starting dose for MLN8237 is 20 mg twice daily, day 1-3 of each week for 3 weeks out of a 4-week cycle, while nab-paclitaxel is 100 mg/m2 weekly for 3 weeks out of a 4-week cycle. The secondary objective is to observe early signals of anti-tumor activity in an expanded cohort (N=15) of patients with advanced pancreatic cancer. Other exploratory objectives include assessment of pharmacodynamic markers such as mitotic catastrophe, apoptotic index, phosphorylation of Aurora A at threonine 288, and phosphorylation of Histone H3 at serine 28 (pHisH3 Ser28) from skin punch biopsies before and after administration of MLN8237. Additionally, we plan to investigate the impact of Aurora A genotypic polymorphisms such as 91A>T and 169G>A, on MLN8237 metabolism. To date, this trial is ongoing without any safety concerns. Clinical trial information: NCT01677559.
Zwerchfell
Authors: Peter Vock
Journal: Thorax (2003)

Das Zwerchfell hat drei nicht leicht zu vereinbarende Aufgaben, die Atmung, die Schrankenfunktion und eine selektive Durchlassfunktion für Längsverbindungen. Anatomisch besteht es aus sehnigem Zentrum tendineum und muskulärer Peripherie, mit schwachen Stellen zwischen den Hauptinsertionen und an den ÖOffnungen für Aorta, ÖOsophagus und V. cava. Die Bildgebung beruht schwergewichtig auf Schnittbildverfahren, ergänzt durch die Durchleuchtung zur Funktionsanalyse. Verschiedene Fehlbildungen betreffen das Zwerchfell. Unter den Entzündungen durchdringt die Pankreatitis gelegentlich das Zwerchfell, während Infektionen des Abdomens und des Thorax darauf übergreifen oder es überschreiten können. Auch bei den Neoplasien sind es abdominale Primärtumoren sowie Lungenkarzinom und malignes Pleuramesotheliom, welche häufig das Zwerchfell infiltrieren. Auch bei degenerativen Erkrankungen wird das Diaphragma beteiligt, etwa verschiedenen Hernienformen, obstruktiven Pneumopathien oder der thorakoabdominalen Ausbreitung von Aortenerkrankungen.
Abstract 16776: Drug-eluting Stents in Large Coronary Vessels Improve Both Safety and Efficacy in Women Compared to Bare-metal Stents
Authors: Louise H Bjerking, Kim W Hansen, Rikke Sørensen, Raban Jeger, Christoph Kaiser, Matthias Pfisterer, Søren Galatius
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Objectives: Drug-eluting stents (DES) are associated with lower rates of target vessel revascularization (TVR) compared with bare-metal stents (BMS), possibly with a particular benefit in women. Inferences on efficacy and safety of DES compared to BMS have been difficult to study in female subgroups as clinical trials often enroll a low proportion of women. Therefore we investigated the safety and efficacy of DES vs. BMS in women and men in a pooled analysis of two randomized stent trials. Methods: BASKET PROVE and BASKET PROVE II were all-comers trials including patients with coronary artery disease requiring at least one stent ≥ 3.0 mm. 4605 patients were randomized to DES vs. BMS and followed for 2 years with a primary endpoint of major adverse cardiac events (MACE: cardiac death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, TVR). The safety (cardiac death and myocardial infarction) and efficacy (non-myocardial infarction TVR) of DES vs. BMS in men and women with large coronary vessels were examined with adjusted Cox proportional hazard models. Results: At baseline, women presented with higher age and more hypertension and heart failure than did men. Risk factors such as smoking, prior myocardial infarction or revascularization were more frequent in men. DES reduced MACE rates at 2 years compared to BMS in both women (6.8 vs. 14.9 %, hazard ratio (HR) 0.40 (0.27-0.60)) and men (7.8 vs. 12.3 %, HR 0.61 (0.49-0.76)), although the reduction in MACE rates was more pronounced in women (p-value for interaction, 0.05). DES significantly reduced the overall rates of non-fatal myocardial infarction and cardiac death compared to BMS in women (HR 0.52 (0.28-0.99)) but not in men (HR 0.75 (0.53-1.05)). The stent-dependent difference in MACE was mainly driven by a difference in non-myocardial infarction TVR in women (2.7 vs. 8.9 %, HR 0.25 (0.14-0.44)) and men (3.8 vs. 7.6 %, HR 0.48 (0.36-0.65)). Conclusions: In patients requiring stenting of large coronary arteries we found that DES, as compared to BMS, were associated with improved safety in women, but not in men. Although, DES demonstrated superior efficacy over BMS in both genders, women benefited more than men. Our findings suggest that DES should always be the stent of choice in women - even in patients at low risk of restenosis.
Peripheral CB1 cannabinoid receptor blockade improves cardiometabolic risk in mouse models of obesity
Authors: Joseph Tam, V. Kiran Vemuri, Jie Liu, Sándor Bátkai, Bani Mukhopadhyay, Grzegorz Godlewski, Douglas Osei-Hyiaman, Shinobu Ohnuma, Suresh V. Ambudkar, James Pickel, Alexandros Makriyannis, George Kunos
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2010)
East-West efforts key into leprosy research
Authors: V. Schauf
Journal: JAMA (1984)

Leprosy, or Hansen's disease, is still a major health problem in the Orient. Efforts to control and eradicate this ancient disease began centuries ago with isolation programs. Substantial progress came in the 1940s and 1950s with the development of specific treatment regimens using sulfones, particularly dapsone. Nonetheless, experts estimate there are as many as 15 million leprosy patients worldwide. Even in the United States, the small number of reported cases is increasing owing to importations from developing countries (see accompanying story, page 18). The failure to eradicate leprosy is not readily explained. The disease, however, is most prevalent in countries with limited medical resources. Additionally, as many as 5% of patients infected with the etiologic agent,<i>Mycobacterium leprae</i>, now do not respond to dapsone therapy because of primary or secondary resistance. Hence, a vigorous international effort in prevention, detection, and treatment of leprosy is under way. The World Health Organization,
Isotretinoin Regulations
Authors: Tracy Hampton
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
ANTHRACOSIS AND SILICOSIS IN RELATION TO PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS
Journal: JAMA (1927)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A phase III study of the impact of a physical activity program on disease-free survival in patients with high-risk stage II or stage III colon cancer: A randomized controlled trial (NCIC CTG CO.21).
Authors: Christopher M. Booth, Janette L. Vardy, Christopher J. O'Callaghan, Sharlene Gill, Derek J. Jonker, Christine Friedenreich, Ralph M. Meyer, Michael Donald Brundage, Rebecca Wong, Haryana M. Dhillon, Patti O'Brien, Brandi Baylock, Neil Sun Chua, Sasha Lipichuk, Michael Susmoy Sanatani, Stephen Begbie, Tony Bonaventura, Matthew E. Burge, Dongsheng Tu, Kerry S. Courneya
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

TPS3620 Background: Observational studies indicate that physical activity (PA) is associated with colon-cancer specific survival. The NCIC Clinical Trials Group CO.21 (CHALLENGE) trial is designed to determine the effects of a structured physical activity (PA) intervention on disease-free survival in high-risk stage II or III colon cancer survivors who have completed adjuvant chemotherapy within the previous 2-6 months. Methods: Phase III randomized controlled trial. Target sample size of 962 patients is powered to detect a Hazard Ratio of 0.75 for disease-free survival (DFS). Trial participants are stratified by centre, disease stage, body mass index, and performance prior to randomization to a structured PA intervention or general health education materials. The PA intervention consists of a behavioural support program and supervised PA sessions delivered over a three-year period, beginning with regular face-to-face sessions and tapering to less frequent face-to-face or telephone sessions. The goal of the PA program is to increase weekly PA by 10 MET-hours/week. The PA program is delivered by physical activity consultants trained in exercise physiology and behavior change. Outcomes: The primary endpoint is DFS. Main secondary endpoints include multiple patient-reported outcomes (including those that measure fatigue), objective physical functioning, biologic correlative markers (including assessment of the insulin pathway), and an economic analysis. Data are also being collected on motivational outcomes and behavior change that will inform program delivery. Current Enrollment: The study is open at 21 centers in Canada and 26 centers in Australia with recent expansion into the United States, Israel, and Korea. As of January 1, 2015 341 patients are randomized. The new international partnerships will accelerate accrual. Summary: Cancer survivors and cancer care professionals are interested in the potential role of PA to improve disease-free survival and quality of life. A randomized controlled trial is needed to provide compelling evidence to justify changes in health care policies and practice. Clinical trial information: NCT00819208.
Pediatric AIDS
Journal: JAMA (2000)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
BLUNT DILATATION OF THE VESICAL FISTULA IN TWO STEP PROSTATECTOMY
Journal: JAMA (1920)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
MICA-129 Genotype, Soluble MICA and Anti-MICA Antibodies as Biomarkers of Chronic Graft Versus Host Disease.
Authors: Wahid Boukouaci, Marc Busson, Regis Peffault de Latour, Vanderson Rocha, Antoine Toubert, Dominique Charron, Gerard P Socie, Ryad Tamouza
Journal: Blood (2009)
Ancient Ethics
Journal: JAMA (2002)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Gut, London
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Outcome of octogenarian versus (vs) young patients (pts) with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC), treated with sunitinib (su).
Authors: Igal Kushnir, Eli Rosenbaum, David Leonid Sarid, Avishay Sella, Maya Gottfried, Natalie Maimon, Avivit Peer, Avivit Neumann, Victoria Neiman, Svetlana Kovel, Eliahu Gez, Wilmosh Mermershtain, Keren Rouvinov, Michael Anthony Carducci, Mario A. Eisenberger, Hans J. Hammers, Victoria J. Sinibaldi, Raanan Berger, Daniel Keizman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

e16092 Background: Su is a standard treatment (tx) for mRCC. Octogenarian pts (aged ≥ 80) are often considered to be unfit for su tx, and recommendations for their tx is limited by the paucity of clinical trials data in this population. We aimed to study baseline characteristics and outcome of octogenarian vs young (aged ≤ 45) pts with mRCC treated with su Methods: We performed an international multicenter retrospective study of pts with mRCC, who were treated with su in 8 centers across 2 different countries. We compared baseline characteristics and outcome of octogenarian versus young pts. The effect of very old age on response rate (RR), progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS), was tested with adjustment of other known confounding risk factors using a chi-square test and partial likelihood test from cox model. Furthermore, univariate and multivariate analyses of association between clinicopathologic factors and age, and outcome were performed using the entire pt cohort. Results: Between 2004-2013, 36 octogenarian (group 1; median age 83) and 37 young (group 2; median age 42) mRCC were treated with su. The groups were balanced regarding the following baseline clinicopathologic characteristics: gender, HENG risk, past nephrectomy, mRCC histology, ≥ 2 metastatic sites, lung/liver/bone metastasis, prior targeted tx, smoking status, use of angiotensin system inhibitors (ASIs), pre-tx neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) > 3, and sunitinib induced hypertension (HTN). In group 1 vs 2, 53% vs 27% (p = 0.006) had dose reduction/treatment interruption d/t side effects. Clinical benefit (partial response + stable disease) in group 1 vs 2 was 76% vs 84%, while 24% vs 16% had disease progression within the first 3 months of tx (p = 0.09). Median PFS was 11 vs 8 months (p = 0.1). Median OS was 22 vs 20 months (p = 0.7). In multivariate analyses of the entire pt cohort (n = 73), age was not significantly associated with PFS or OS. Conclusions: Su is active in octogenarian mRCC pts. Vs young pts, a significantly higher proportion of octogenarian pts had dose reduction/treatment interruption d/t side effects.
Malignant hypercalcaemia.
Authors: A K Bhalla
Journal: BMJ (1985)

It is unlikely that this evidence will be persuasive justification for computerising repeat prescribing.Much more convincing are likely to be the other improvements identified by Dr Roland and col- leagues, in particular better information recorded about repeat prescribing and the opportunities that computers can offer for audit and clinical review.'These, unfortunately, are likely to create work for the doctor, not save it.