tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effects of Aerosolized Prostacyclin in Severe Pneumonia: Impact of Fibrosis
Authors: Dieter Walmrath, Thomas Schneider, Jan Pilch, Ralf Schermuly, Friedrich Grimminger, Werner Seeger
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1995)

The effects of aerosolized prostaglandin (PG) I2 on gas exchange and hemodynamics were investigated in patients ventilated mechanically because of severe community-acquired pneumonia. Group A were patients without preexisting lung disease (n = 6), and Group B were those with underlying chronic fibrotic interstitial lung disease (n = 6). Ventilation-perfusion distribution was assessed by the multiple inert gas elimination technique. In Group A, low doses of aerosolized PGI2 (mean, 6.6 ± 3.0 ng/kg/min) sufficed to decrease the mean pulmonary artery pressure () from 35.0 ± 1.5 to 31.0 ± 1.6 mm Hg (p < 0.05), to improve the ratio of arterial oxygen to the fraction of inspired oxygen (PaO2/FiO2 increase from 100 ± 18 to 134 ± 18; p < 0.05), and to decrease intrapulmonary shunt (36.9 ± 4.7 to 27.5 ± 4.5%; p < 0.05). Systemic arterial pressure () and cardiac output remained unchanged. In Group B, aerosolized PGI2 was ineffective in doses less than 10 ng/kg/min. A dosage of 33.6 ± 12 ng/kg/min reduced Ppa (38.0 ± 2.4 to 30.8 ± 2.1 mm Hg; p <0.05), but it also decreased (80.3 ± 3.6 to 71.3 ± 4.7 mm Hg; NS) and PaO2/FiO2 (73.8 ± 6.6 to 65.5 ± 6.8 mm Hg; p < 0.05) values and increased intrapulmonary shunt (44.7 ± 3.0 to 49.4 ± 5.0%, NS). After withdrawal of the PGI2 aerosol, all gas exchange and hemodynamic changes returned to preaerosol baseline values within 60 min in both groups. We conclude that low doses of aerosolized PGI2 may reduce pulmonary hypertension and shunt and improve arterial oxygenation in the absence of systemic effects in patients with severe pneumonia. When interstitial fibrosis is present as the underlying disease, manifold higher PGI2 doses are required for induction of pulmonary vasodilation, which are then accompanied by systemic vasorelaxation and increased intrapulmonary shunt.
THE LIFE INSURANCE EXAMINER AND THE AGENT.
Journal: JAMA (1906)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
PROCAIN DERMATITIS
Journal: JAMA (1921)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Hepatic sinusoidal endothelial cells can store and metabolize serum immunoglobulin
Authors: S IWAMURA
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

Sinusoidal inclusion-containing endothelial cells in the liver were investigated with particular interest in their capacity of metabolizing immunoglobulin. Formalin-fixed deparaffinized liver specimens were used for immunohistochemistry, and pronase digestion was proved to be effective for antigen retrieval of immunoglobulin. The inclusions in sinusoidal endothelial cells were strongly immunostained with anti-immunoglobulin (Ig)G, IgA, and IgM antibodies in predigested sections. The complements were not identified immunohistochemically in the inclusions even after pronase treatment. Two women with autoimmune liver disease, who initially represented high levels of serum γ globulin and abundant inclusion-containing endothelial cells, were studied. The subsequent biopsy after effective corticosteroid therapy demonstrated significant histological improvement as well as the disappearance of inclusion-containing endothelial cells (ICECs). During and after treatment, their serum γ globulin levels were drastically reduced. In conclusion, the hepatic sinusoidal endothelial cells can take up serum immunoglobulin, probably through a receptor-mediated pathway, and its excessive storage results in the formation of cytoplasmic inclusions that are easily recognized by a light microscope. The stored immunoglobulin may be degraded in the cytoplasm, and the inclusions would disappear in association with the reduction of sinusoidal γ globulin content. In other words, the intralobular density of inclusion-containing endothelial cells is a morphological predictor for the serum γ globulin level. (Hepatology 1995; 22:1456–1461).
Adult scurvy
Authors: J. B. Reuler
Journal: JAMA (1985)

Scurvy is a disease that can mimic other more serious disorders such as deep vein thrombosis, vasculitis, and systemic bleeding disorders. Because the clinical features of scurvy are no longer well appreciated, scorbutic patients are often extensively evaluated for other disorders. Familiarity with the risk factors for and clinical manifestation of scurvy can facilitate earlier diagnosis. We report three patients who highlight the epidemiology, clinical features, and differential diagnosis of scurvy. (<i>JAMA</i>1985;253:805-807)
Opposing effects of oestradiol and progesterone on intracellular pathways and activation processes in the oxidative stress-induced activation of cultured rat hepatic stellate cells
Authors: T. Itagaki
Journal: Gut (2005)

<b>Background:</b> Oxidative stress, including the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), is involved in hepatofibrogenesis. The authors’ previous studies have shown that oestradiol suppresses hepatic fibrosis in animal models and attenuates the activation of cultured rat hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), which possess oestrogen receptor subtype β and are also activated by ROS. <b>Aims:</b> To define the mechanisms by which female sex hormones play an antifibrogenic role in activated HSCs, the effects of oestradiol and progesterone on ROS generation processes and intracellular pathways, leading to the activation of HSCs undergoing oxidative stress, was examined. <b>Methods:</b> HSCs, isolated from rats, were cultured for 7 days with oestradiol or progesterone for 24 hours as pretreatment, and oxidative stress was then induced by exposure to low doses of hydrogen peroxide for another 24 hours. <b>Results:</b> Oestradiol inhibited ROS generation and antioxidant enzyme loss via the suppression of NADH/NADPH oxidase activity, and attenuated hydrogen peroxide induced transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) expression, HSC proliferation and transformation, and the activation of mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways and transcription factors. Progesterone exerted a stimulatory effect through the progesterone receptor on the induction of ROS generation processes and intracellular pathways, resulting in TGF-β1 expression and HSC activation, and fibrogenic effects were inhibited by oestradiol. <b>Conclusion:</b> These findings show for the first time that oestradiol inhibits the activation of transcription factors by suppressing ROS generation processes and the MAPK pathways, and inactivates the downstream transcription processes involved in TGF-β1 expression and HSC activation, whereas progesterone acts in opposition to the favourable effects of oestradiol and its effects are blocked by oestradiol.
COUGH DUE TO REFLEX IRRITATION IN THE UPPER AIR-PASSAGES.*
Journal: JAMA (2001)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
<i>Lectures on the Diagnosis of Diseases of the Brain</i>. By W. R. Gowers, M. D., F. R. C. P., Assistant Professor of Clinical Medicine in University College; Physician to University College Hospital and the National Hospital for the Paralyzed and Epileptic. Philadelphia: P. Blakiston, Son &amp; Co., 1885
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1885)
Studies on the epidemiology of adverse drug reactions. IV. The relationship of cephalothin and penicillin allergy
Authors: R. Thoburn
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Seven patients with allergic reactions to cephalothin were studied. Four of these occurred in 51 consecutive patients receiving cephalothin. The majority of the patients with cephalothin reactions had a previous history of penicillin allergy and were found to have positive skin tests with penicilloyl-polylysine (PPL). Allergic reactions to cephalothin occurred at a higher rate in Negro women than in Negro men or white persons. A history of atopic disease was more common in patients with allergic reactions to cephalothin than in persons given cephalothin without reactions. Cephalothin must be used with caution in the treatment of patients with a history of allergic reactions to penicillin or with positive skin tests to PPL, and cannot be considered as a uniformly safe substitute for penicillin in such patients.
Lyme arthritis in Wisconsin
Authors: R. F. Dryer
Journal: JAMA (1979)

Rash, severe constitutional symptoms, and arthritis developed in three persons who were bitten by ticks in Wisconsin. On comparison with other reports of arthritis related to tick bites, we found that the illness of our patients had clinical features consistent with Lyme arthritis. Lyme arthritis appears not to be restricted to New England as has been previously reported. (<i>JAMA</i>241:498-499, 1979)
Clinical crossroads update: an 82-year-old woman with cataracts
Authors: E. Davidoff
Journal: JAMA (1997)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —Dr Epstein's point is well taken that in many instances no one is near hypothermia patients to recognize early symptoms of exposure to the cold. As he points out, and as we demonstrated for heat-related deaths in Chicago,<sup>1</sup>prevention of weather-related mortality must rely on human services, and ultimately there is no substitute for a functional social network. However, practitioners familiar with the signs of hypothermia can play a crucial and indispensable role in the prevention of hypothermia-related morbidity and mortality. In addition to recognizing early symptoms of hypothermia and intervening clinically, practitioners can also play a positive role by linking at-risk patients with social services (eg, social workers and visiting nurses as well as family and neighbors). All 3 cases described in the<i>MMWR</i>article<sup>2</sup>had a history of defined risk factors for hypothermia (eg, a prolonged history of drug abuse, a medical history of dementia, and
THE PROMISE OF A LONGER LIFETIME
Journal: JAMA (1924)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Plastic Surgery
Authors: A. Lee Dellon
Journal: JAMA (1991)

Plastic surgery is the surgical subspecialty devoted to restoring the body's shape and form. This brief review will highlight the ways that we pursue our mission through an investigative approach to problem solving. Although the lay press features the cosmetic or aesthetic aspects of our specialty, basic research remains the springboard for our clinical advances. These advances frequently become incorporated into other surgical disciplines. That research is the root of plastic surgery is nowhere better demonstrated than in the career of Joseph E. Murray, MD, who was named as a corecipient of the 1990 Nobel Prize in Medicine.<sup>1</sup>From his attempts to obtain burn wound coverage from a host other than the burn patient, skin allograft studies led to an understanding of the rejection phenomenon. In 1954, Murray performed the first successful human kidney transplant between identical twins; in 1962, along with colleagues, he pioneered the use of azathioprine
Editorials: Alternatives to the fluoridation of water.
Journal: BMJ (1975)

Alternatives to the Fluoridation of WaterThe presence of 1 part per million (p.p.m.) of fluoride in drinking water, whether as a natural constituent or added artificially, has been shown from innumerable surveys or experiments throughout the world to be the most effective and practicable means of reducing dental caries.1 2 Recently, however, in view of the organized opposition to fluoridation, alternative methods of providing the benefits of fluoride have been given more attention.3The fluoridation of milk is being vigorously sponsored by the Borrow Dental Milk Foundation.4This idea has been tested at Winterthur, Switzerland,5 6 where milk was fluorida- ted at 1 p.p.m. for the greater part of a trial on about 150 children and 139 controls, and at Baton Rouge, Louisiana, where the concentration was about 4 p.p.m.7 The Swiss
Basic Immunogenetics
Authors: Kurt Stern
Journal: JAMA (1973)

"Molecular Immunology" would have been an equally appropriate title for this book, which deals primarily with structural and genetic aspects of immunoglobulins. The reader receives a clear and detailed exposition of amino acid sequences, secondary and tertiary structures of immunoglobulins, and their relationship to antibody specificity and variability. The significance of this impressive body of knowledge—the topic for which the 1972 Nobel prize in medicine was awarded—extends beyond immunology proper. It should and can served as an interdisciplinary bridge between genetics, molecular biology, protein chemistry, and immunobiology. All those working or interested in these fields will derive great benefit from study of the monograph, including awareness of a number of critical, as yet unanswered questions. The only reservation pertains to the concluding chapter on human blood groups: the condensed presentation of a great deal of information may be too much for the beginner—and not quite enough for the worker in
THE DISREPUTE OF EXPERT MEDICAL TESTIMONY.
Journal: JAMA (1905)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Epidemiology and Transmission
Authors: E Van Der Ende, M Rauws2, C Fellers, G Mulder2, J Tytgae, ' Dankert, ) Carcinoma, P Elfant, L Saniour, T Mdndez, H Spiegel, B Fried, T Howe, N O'dorisio, S Marcon
Journal: Gut (1995)

B -okar:n G is a tumor promoter for CC.CC and HPE are associated with elevated G in some studies but the cause of the increase is not known.In one study (Lambert) HPE was associated with colon polyps.In the present study, we report the largest series examining HPE, serum G, GRP and CC.ethods: Academic referral centers in Canada and the USA recruited 80 patients with CC as well as matched controls.G and GRP (pg/ml) were measured by RIA.HPE was assessed by serology.Values are reported as mean ± standard error of the mean.Reaultsi 42.5% of CC patients were HP+ compared to 40.6% of controls (NS).54% of Canadian subjects were HP+ compared to 31.7% of US subjects (X2=6.48,p<0.05).Histologic grade and tumor stage were not affected by HPE.G and GRP values in the CC (67.5 ± 11.8,229 ± 21.4) and control groups (81.5 ± 15.5,234.2± 18.5) were not significantly different.G and GRP values were also not significantly different in the HP+ (73.6 ± 11.5,239 ± 18.8) and HP-(73.6 ± 11.5,221.7 ± 24.5) subjects.Correlation coefficients of G vs GRP in the CC group (r=0.1), the HP+ group (n=42,r=.12),the HP+ group with elevated G (G > 122 pg/ml,n=5,r=.03)and the total group (r=Q.02) were not significant.Cg..iilgn: No apparent association exists between HPE and CC.G and GRP are not elevated in patients with CC, nor in subjects who are HP+ compared to controls.GRP is not the cause of the elevated G observered in some HP+ subjects.The prevalence of HPE is significantly greater in Canada than the USA.
Hormone Manipulation in the Therapy of Human Malignant Disease
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1980)

Hormone Manipulation in the Therapy of Human Malignant Disease Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 64, Issue 2, February 1980, Page 399, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/64.2.399 Published: 01 February 1980
Le Médecin Devant L'Assistance et L'Enseignement Psychiatriques.
Journal: JAMA (1922)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal