tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Acanthamoeba keratitis
Authors: D V Seal
Journal: BMJ (1994)

look set to remove further health and safety protection from many vulnerable workers in such enterprises.There is little evidence that voluntary action by employers protects the health ofworkers in deregulated workplaces or activities.Information collected before the passage ofthe 1974 Health and Safety at Work etc Act showed the abysmal failure of self regulation and voluntarism to protect employees' health and safety in the workplace.In 1983 the House of Lords Select Committee on Occupational and Hygiene Services docu- mented their failure specifically to affect occupational ill- health.Without regulations, no progress has been made on implementing the committee's specific recommendations for improving health services in the workplace.17Market forces have a sad and unsuccessful history in maintaining health and safety in the workplace: Adam Smith believed that hazardous work would be done only by workers who, in the marketplace, would expect high wages for dangerous tasks.The wage costs for hazardous industries would be so high that companies would devise ways of reducing the hazards and hence lower wages could be introduced without health and safety regulations adversely affecting the companies.But in Britain (as elsewhere) many hazardous industries employ mainly low paid and vulnerable workers.The European Union has stimulated considerable activity in health and safety with a series of important directives.These may be unevenly implemented throughout the union, but many people in Britain have welcomed them because they provide clear and in some instances new approaches and standards on neglected hazards.It now seems that the government wants to push health and safety back to basics and restore Victorian values and Victorian accident rates and rates of ill health with its proposals.This could create more conflict with the European Union, which has already begun proceedings against Britain this year for failing to implement some oflast year's health and safety directives.'0We should oppose sweatshop thinking on occupational health and call for the maintenance of existing occupational health controls at the very least.What is needed is the retention of effective health and safety laws, restoration of the Health and Safety Commission's budget, expansion of the field inspectorate of the Health and Safety Executive, more information on health and safety in the workplace, and support for small and medium sized businesses.The very opposite ofthis has happened or is about to happen.
PLACES MAINTAINED BY ABORTIONISTS ARE NUISANCES.
Journal: JAMA (1907)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Complications of cardiac massage.
Journal: BMJ (1969)

small hope of diminishing its incidence unless there is some major advance in prophylaxis or treatment, neither of which seems in prospect at present.Further advances in the con- trol of non-gonococcal genital infection await the discovery of a causative organism or organisms, but this is proving a difficult task.It seems likely that modern methods of con- traception, which provide no element of mechanical protec- tion, favour the spread of gonorrhoea and non-gonococcal urethritis.
Correction
Journal: BMJ (1961)

ANY QUESTIONS?inches (1.3-1.5 m.).The facial appearance is as mature as would be expected for the age of the patient, although there may be some underdevelopment of chin and mandible.There is a complete failure to develop the female secondary sex characteristics, and the nipples, breasts, vagina, and uterus remain infantile in appearance.Sexual hair, how- ever, is usually developed by the age of 14 to 16 years.Other characteristics are webbing of the skin of the neck and often coarctation of the aorta with some degree of hypertension, which is not necessarily due to the coarctation.Details of treatment may be obtained from Lawson Wilkins's book.2In outline, cyclical therapy with oestrogens and progesterone may be worth-while from the age of 12 or 14 years onwards in order to produce periods, but it is somewhat doubtful whether any present-day therapy is of real value.
An Overview of Current Efforts in Short-Term Carcinogen Testing
Authors: Harry A. Milman, Pamela M. Hurley, Angela Auletta
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1983)

Scientists in the Health and Environmental Review Division (HERD), Office of Toxic Substances of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, are examining the feasibility of expanding efforts in short-term carcinogen testing. Three areas for consideration have been defined. These are (1) short-term in vitro tests; (2) short-term in vivo tests; and (3) tumor markers. HERD's current efforts in short-term in vitro testing are exemplified by the Gene-Tox program. Through a comprehensive system of committees and reviews, the published literature on eukaryotic and prokaryotic in vitro and in vivo test systems are being examined and analyzed. The suitability of utilizing the various systems in a test battery to identify potential chemical mutagens and carcinogens will be ascertained. A review of the literature on short-term in vivo tests (limited bioassays) and tumor markers is currently being conducted. Correlations will be made between results obtained from these tests and epidemiological information and long-term animal bioassays. The attributes and deficiencies of each test or marker will be examined. Further testing, development, or validation needs will be outlined. The aim of this review is to attempt to expand the prechronic test battery for carcinogenicity in order to provide sufficient information for regulatory decision-making.
J Coll of Radiologists of Australia, Sydney
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Infections
Authors: Brendan Healy, Andrew Freedman
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Despite optimal treatment some wounds are slow to heal.The challenge clinically and microbiologically is to identify those wounds in which healing is impaired as a result of infection or heavy bacterial burden and in which systemic or topical antimicrobial treatment will be of benefit.Staphylococci and streptococci are the most commonly encountered pathogenic organisms in community acquired superficial wounds.More unusual organisms may be found in bite wounds, and these reflect the source of the bite.Pathogenic organisms causing surgical wound infections vary according to the anatomical site of surgery.Antibiotic resistant organisms, such as methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), are more commonly encountered, reflecting the hospital flora.Punch biopsy for microbiological analysis Semiquantitative analysis of swab showing light or scanty, moderate, and heavy growth of Staphylococcus aureus This is the 10th in a series of 12 articles
The Physiologic Basis of High-Altitude Diseases
Authors: John B. West
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2005)

Letters5 April 2005The Physiologic Basis of High-Altitude DiseasesJohn B. West, MD, PhDJohn B. West, MD, PhDFrom University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0623.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-142-7-200504050-00024 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:All 3 letters make useful points.In my article, I inserted the statement “Gingko biloba has been suggested as a useful prophylactic agent but has not been sufficiently studied” because there are several conflicting published reports, as noted by Gertsch and colleagues (1). However, I agree with Basnyat that their randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study is strong evidence against the value of gingko for the prevention of acute mountain sickness.I also agree with Pandit that there is compelling evidence that alveolar fluid clearance in pulmonary edema is assisted by the sodium–potassium ATPase pump, and this might well have ...References1. Gertsch JH, Basnyat B, Johnson EW, Onopa J, Holck PS. Randomised, double blind, placebo controlled comparison of ginkgo biloba and acetazolamide for prevention of acute mountain sickness among Himalayan trekkers: the prevention of high altitude illness trial (PHAIT). BMJ. 2004;328:797. [PMID: 15070635] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. Sartori C, Allemann Y, Duplain H, Lepori M, Egli M, Lipp E, et al. Salmeterol for the prevention of high-altitude pulmonary edema. N Engl J Med. 2002;346:1631-6. [PMID: 12023995] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. Basnyat B, Wu T, Gertsch JH. Neurological conditions at altitude that fall outside the usual definition of altitude sickness. High Alt Med Biol. 2004;5:171-9. [PMID: 15265338] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. Kaner RJ, Crystal RG. Pathogenesis of high altitude pulmonary edema: does alveolar epithelial lining fluid vascular endothelial growth factor exacerbate capillary leak? High Alt Med Biol. 2004;5:399-409. [PMID: 15671629] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0623. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoThe Physiologic Basis of High-Altitude Diseases John B. West The Physiologic Basis of High-Altitude Diseases Buddha Basnyat The Physiologic Basis of High-Altitude Diseases Anil Pandit The Physiologic Basis of High-Altitude Diseases Matiram Pun Metrics 5 April 2005Volume 142, Issue 7Page: 592KeywordsAdenosine triphosphataseAltitude sicknessCapillariesCranial nervesEdemaGeneticsInhalationPathogenesis ePublished: 5 April 2005 Issue Published: 5 April 2005 CopyrightCopyright © 2005 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Uterotrophic Activity in Human Ejaculate
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
COSMETIC DERMATOLOGY
Authors: HERMAN GOODMAN
Journal: JAMA (1926)

The dermatologist must be able to recognize the signs of general disease by their appearance on the cutaneous surface, to differentiate syphilitic from nonsyphilitic disorders in the presence of confusing serologic findings, and properly to diagnose malignant from nonmalignant growths on the skin. Yet the patient seeks other services from the skin specialist. The girl or older woman seeks relief from unsightly superfluous hairs. Many untrained persons offer this service; indeed, unscrupulous ones promise much more than can be given with honesty. The dermatologist may be bored with the idea of removing superfluous hairs, but if he does not do so the patient will seek some one less qualified. At present, two modalities are available for the successful removal of hairs. The use of the galvanic current from dry batteries or from a generator set, about 3 milliamperes of current with the positive pole to the patient, and the negative
Book Review Clinical Roentgen Pathology of Thoracic Lesions . By William H. Meyer, M.D., Professor of Roentgenology in New York Post-Graduate Medical School of Columbia University, Director of Roentgenology in the New York Post-Graduate Hospital. Published 1932. Lea &amp; Febiger. Illustrated with 183 engravings. 272 pages. Cloth, $6.00, net.
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1932)
SUGAR METABOLISM THEORIES.
Journal: JAMA (1904)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Safe handover
Authors: Hanneke Merten, Louise S van Galen, Cordula Wagner
Journal: BMJ (2017)

High quality handovers are essential for safe healthcare and are used in many clinical situations.Miscommunication during handovers can lead to unnecessary diagnostic delays, patients not receiving required treatment, and medication errors. 1 Miscommunication is one of the leading causes for adverse events resulting in death or serious injury to patients. 2 The process of handovers can be improved, and the aim of this article is to provide practical guidance for clinicians on how to do this better. What is a handover?A handover involves the transfer of professional responsibility and accountability for some or all aspects of care for a patient, or groups of patients, to another person, such as a clinician or nurse, or professional group on a temporary or permanent basis. 3 Ideally a professional can take over responsibility for a patient only if he or she receives all relevant information to continue the treatment or care effectively and safely. How common are handovers?Patients can be handed over up to 15 times during a five day hospitalisation, and a doctor might participate in 3000 handovers a month. 4Figure 1⇓ illustrates the potential handover interactions for patients in an acute setting.
The structure and organization of the bile canalicular cytoskeleton with special reference to actin and actin-binding proteins*1
Authors: N TSUKADA
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

The distribution of actin filaments and actin-binding proteins in the bile canaliculus (BC) of normal human hepatocytes was determined as a means of establishing the structure and organization of the BC cytoskeleton. Immunoblots demonstrated that actin, and the actinbinding proteins, myosin II, tropomyosin, vinculin, aactinin, villin, were present, as were the non—actin-related proteins β-tubulin, and cytokeratins. Three actin filament regions were identified: microvillus core filaments, a membrane-associated microfilamentous network, and a circumferential pericanalicular actin filament band. Actin-binding proteins were nonrandomly associated with actin in these regions. In the case of the pericanalicular band, there was also association with the zonula adherens junction. Intermediate filaments inserted into desmosomes. The ultrastructural localization of the actin-binding proteins was fundamentally linked to the arrangement and organization of the major canaliculus-associated microfilament structures. Structural organization of the cytoskeleton was also linked to distinct components of the intercellular junctions. It is notable that tropomyosin and a-actinin, which in muscle cells are regulatory proteins of contractile activity, and myosin II are associated with the pericanalicular actin microfilament band; it is the BC counterpart of the contractile actin filament band found in the apical region of other secretory cells. The outer sheath of noncontractile intermediate filaments likely stabilizes the canalicular compartment.
A randomised controlled trial of ALA versus photofrin PDT for high grade dysplasia in barrett's oesophagus
Authors: J. M. Dunn, G. D. Mackenzie, S. Thorpe, M. Austwick, C. A. Mosse, D. Oukrif, A. Winstanley, M. Rodriguez-Justo, M. R. Novelli, M. R. Banks, S. G. Bown, L. B. Lovat
Journal: Gut (2011)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Sodium porfimer photodynamic therapy (sp-PDT) is a licensed minimally invasive treatment for Barrett9s Oesophagus (BO) with high grade dysplasia (HGD). Complete reversal (CR)-HGD is 50% at 5 years. sp-PDT is associated with a significant risk of strictures and prolonged photosensitivity up to 3 months. 5 aminolaevulinic acid (ALA) is an alternative treatment with 36 h photosensitivity. Non-randomised data suggests 85% CR-HGD and low risk of side effects. The aim of this study was to compare the side effect profile between the drugs and outcomes of therapy. <h3>Methods</h3> Single centre randomised controlled trial. Presence of HGD was confirmed on two occasions by two specialist GI pathologists. All patients had Endoscopic Ultrasound and endoscopic resection of visible lesions prior to PDT. Stratification was by length of BO (&lt;&gt;6 cm) and extent of dysplasia. Standard protocols for ALA and sp-PDT were followed. Endoscopic follow-up with 2 cm four-quadrant biopsy was at 6 weeks, 4 months, then annually. All adverse event data were collected. <h3>Results</h3> Sixty-four patients were randomised, 34 ALA and 30 sp-PDT. Median follow-up is currently 23 months. Strictures and skin photosensitivity were significantly more common with sp-PDT than ALA-PDT (33% vs 9% and 43% vs 6% respectively) p&lt;0.05. Preliminary outcome data show CR-HGD in 17/34 (50%) with ALA-PDT and 12/30 (40%) with sp-PDT. Overall cancer incidence was 10%, no significant difference between groups. For BO ≤6 cm, using log-rank analysis CR-HGD was more likely with ALA-PDT (78%) than sp-PDT (31%), Ç<sup>2</sup> = 4.34, p=0.037. For BO length &gt;6 cm there was no significant difference. Rate of buried glands was significantly higher post PDT (48%) than pre PDT (20%), no significant difference between groups. <h3>Conclusion</h3> ALA-PDT has a better risk profile than sp-PDT. In patients with BO length ≤6 cm, preliminary results show ALA-PDT is associated with significantly higher CR-HGD. In longer segments of BO neither PDT drug was sufficiently efficacious to warrant use.
MICRORNA ANALYSIS OF THE INVASIVE MARGIN OF GLIOBLASTOMA REVEALS DRUGGABLE THERAPEUTIC TARGETS IN LIPID METABOLISM PATHWAYS
Authors: Huda Alfardus, Maria de los Angeles Estevez Cebrero, Jonathan Rowlinson, Anbarasu Lourdusamy, Richard Grundy, Alan Mcintyre, Stuart Smith
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2018)

Heterogeneity of gene expression in Glioblastoma (GBM) has been recently recognised as a key feature involved in therapy resistance with invasive cells remaining after surgery and displaying unique molecular features. The dysregulation of small non-coding RNAs known as microRNAs (miRNAs) can disrupt gene regulatory networks and contribute to GBM development. However, the intra-tumour heterogeneity of miRNA expression in GBM has not yet been investigated. Here, we conducted microarray analysis using surgical specimens (n=72) sampled from the tumour necrotic core, proliferative rim and the invasive margin to show that different regions of the GBM tumour possess different miRNA expression profiles. We identified and validated two significantly upregulated miRNAs in the invasive margin compared to the core and the rim of the tumour. Functional studies using individual or combined overexpression of the two candidate miRNAs revealed that these miRNAs may act synergistically to target key enzymes involved in fatty acid oxidation (ACOX1 and CPT2) and lipoprotein uptake and secretion (LDLR). The expression of these gene targets was analysed in tumour samples by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry. These metabolic pathways will be further confirmed by liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS). Our finding indicates that lipid metabolism may present a possible vulnerability of GBM invasive margin; indeed, pharmacological inhibition of CPT2 slowed the growth of patient-derived GBM cells. Understanding the function of miRNAs in regulating lipid homeostasis in GBM may provide novel avenues for GBM therapy.
Treatment Of The Anemia Of Chronic Renal Failure With Recombinant Human Erythropoietin
Authors: J. Adamson
Journal: Annual Review of Medicine (1990)

CD40 is a cell-surface member of the TNF (tumor necrosis factor) receptor superfamily. Upon activation, CD40 can license dendritic cells to promote antitumor T cell activation and re-educate macrophages to destroy tumor stroma. Numerous agonist CD40 ...Read More