tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Tuberculous Meningitis.
Authors: J M Leonard, R M Des Prez
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1979)

Tuberculous meningitis is an uncommon but potentially devastating form of tuberculosis. Current antituberculous drugs are highly effective when treatment is initiated early, before the onset of altered mentation or focal neurologic deficits. Because the clinical outcome depends greatly on the stage at which therapy is initiated, early recognition is of paramount importance. Patients with the meningoencephalitis syndrome and CSF findings of low glucose levels, elevated protein levels, and pleocytosis should be treated immediately if there is evidence of TB elsewhere in the body, or if prompt evaluation fails to establish an alternative diagnosis. Examination of CSF is the best diagnostic approach; with sufficient diligence, serial AFB smears and cultures will usually yield positive results, even days after therapy has been started. The CT scan is an important and highly effective tool for the diagnosis and management of patients with TBM. In a patient with compatible clinical features, the combination of basilar meningeal enhancement and any degree of hydrocephalus is strongly suggestive of the diagnosis of TBM. Serial evaluation by CT scanning is useful for following the course of hydrocephalus and tuberculoma, particularly in reference to the need for, or response to, adjunctive therapy with corticosteroids and surgery. The decision to administer corticosteroids should be based on careful correlation of the clinical and radiographic features of the case. Surgical shunting should be considered early in the patient with hydrocephalus and symptoms of raised intracranial pressure. Tuberculomas are best treated medically, often in conjunction with corticosteroids where cerebral edema is believed to contribute to neurologic decline. The recommended chemotherapy regimen is isoniazid and rifampin in all patients, together with pyrazinamide for the first 2 months.
CPR 1986: what's new
Authors: C. M. Rinke
Journal: JAMA (1986)

<i>The Journal of the American Medical Association</i>is honored to continue its tradition of publishing the American Heart Association's "Standards and Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) and Emergency Cardiac Care (ECC)." In 1974The Journalpublished the premier edition of the Standards and Guidelines.<sup>1</sup>It was born from the 1973 National Conference on Standards for CPR and ECC, where experts developed a consensus statement defining advanced and basic life support as a sequence of specific activities and a mission statement about who should be trained and how training should occur. The precedent was set. The first edition of the Standards was a landmark, a guidepost that etched the future. In 1979 another national conference was called to update the previous standards; these were published inThe Journalin 1980.<sup>2</sup>Today the process has turned another cycle and the 1986 revised Standards and Guidelines that appear in this issue
News and notes
Journal: BMJ (1967)

Thank you for your interest in spreading the word about The BMJ.NOTE: We only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. We do not capture any email address. Username * Your Email * Send To * You are going to email the following News and notes Your Personal Message CAPTCHA This question is for testing whether or not you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions.
Pseudo—
Authors: Martin N. Hocherg
Journal: JAMA (1965)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> In regard to your editorial "Pseudo-pseudo—" (<b>193</b>: 1118, 1965), I am afraid that you have been guilty of confusing degree with kind. If a pseudo-redhaired cow has one to five white hairs, then a pseudo-pseudo-redhaired cow should have one to five other-than-red hairs which appear white but are not ie, gray hairs, or even red hairs splashed with whitewash. A cow with more than five white hairs might be termed a grand-pseudo-red-haired cow. Furthermore, the criteria for your groups are not mutually exclusive. The poor cow with five white hairs (which are probably gray from worry) can't figure out to which group she belongs. I am surprised that you should make such an error. As a pseudo-reactionary physician, I join you in toasting, "More power to pseudo—!" But let us not confuse degree with kind. (Laboratory alcohol with just a dash of citric acid for me please!)
Molecular Predictors of Response in Patients with Myeloid Neoplasms Treated with Lenalidomide
Authors: Chantana Polprasert, Tomas Radivoyevitch, Naoko Hosono, Hideki Makishima, Bartlomiej P Przychodzen, Brittney Dienes, Kathy McGraw, Sudipto Mukherjee, Hetty E. Carraway, Mikkael A. Sekeres, Alan F. List, Jaroslaw P. Maciejewski
Journal: Blood (2014)
Patients Taking Amoxicillin-Clavulanic Can Become Simultaneously Sensitized to Both Drugs
Authors: Adriana Ariza, Tahia D. Fernandez, Cristobalina Mayorga, Maria Salas, Nekane Barbero, Maria Isabel Montañez, Ángela Martín-Serrano, Ruben Fernandez, Luisa Galindo, Miguel Blanca, María José Torres
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2016)
Carcinogenicity testing of drugs
Authors: J. C. Ballin
Journal: JAMA (1979)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Malignant melanoma has been reported to occur in the large "bathing trunk nevus" in up to 20% of patients. The small congenital nevus has been looked on for years as a benign lesion that could be ignored. During recent years a great deal of discussion has occurred at local and national meetings concerning the transformation of small nevocytic nevi, which were present at birth, into melanomas. There is to date little evidence that this does, indeed, occur, except for occasional case histories. To gain some insight into this problem, I would appreciate reading case histories where the change from small congenital nevus to malignant melanoma has been noted. I would appreciate knowing age of onset, size, location, outcome, and race of the patient.
Results from Hemato-Oncology Latin America Observational Registry (HOLA) Providing Real World Outcomes for the Treatment of Patients with CLL
Authors: Carlos Chiattone, David Gomez-Almaguer, Carolina Pavlovsky, Elena Tuna-Aguilar, Ana Lisa Basquiera, Luis Palmer, Danielle Leao Cordeiro De Farias, Sergio Schusterschitz, Kenny Mauricio Galvez, Álvaro Gómez, Telma Santos, Odin De La Mora Estrada
Journal: Blood (2016)
Provision of gastrointestinal endoscopy and related services for a district general hospital. Working Party of the Clinical Services Committee of the British Society of Gastroenterology.
Authors: J Lennard-Jones
Journal: Gut (1991)

Abstract (1) The number of endoscopic examinations performed is rising. Epidemiological data and the workload of well developed units show that annual requirements per head of population are approaching: Upper gastrointestinal 1 in 100 Flexible sigmoidoscopy 1 in 500 Colonoscopy 1 in 500 ERCP 1 in 2000 (2) Open access endoscopy to general practitioners is desirable and increasingly sought. For a district general hospital serving a population of 250,000, this workload entails about 3500 procedures annually, performed during 10 half day routine sessions plus emergency work. (3) High standards of training and experience are needed by all staff, who must work in purpose built accommodation designed to promote efficient and safe practice. (4) The endoscopy unit should be adjacent to day care facilities and near the x ray department. There should be easy access to wards. (5) An endoscopy unit needs at least two endoscopy rooms; a fully ventilated cleaning/disinfection area; rooms for patient reception, preparation, and recovery; and accommodation for administration, storage, and staff amenities. (6) The service should be consultant based. At least 10 clinical sessions are required, made up of six or more consultant sessions and two to four clinical assistant, hospital practitioner, or staff specialist sessions. Each consultant should be expected to commit at least two sessions weekly to endoscopy. Extra consultant sessions may be needed to provide an efficient service. (7) A specially trained nursing sister (grade G or H) and five other endoscopy nurses are needed to care for the patients; their work may be supplemented by care assistants. (8) A new post of endoscopy department assistant (analogous to an operating department assistant) is proposed to maintain and prepare instruments, and to give technical assistance during procedures. (9) A full time secretary should be employed. Records, appointments, and audit should be computer based. (10) ERCP needs the collaboration of an interventional radiologist working with high quality x ray equipment in a specially prepared radiology screening room. This facility may need to serve more than one hospital. (11) A gastrointestinal measurement laboratory can conveniently be combined with the endoscopy unit. In some hospitals one or more gastrointestinal measurement technicians may staff this laboratory. (12) An endoscopy unit is a service department analogous to a radiology department. It needs an annual budget.
Development and validation of a prognostic index for fracture risk in older men undergoing prostate cancer treatment.
Authors: Tisheeka Graham-Steed, Pamela R. Soulos, Natalie Dearing, John Concato, Mary Tinetti, Cary Philip Gross
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

5056 Background: Although men treated with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) or radiation therapy (RT) for prostate cancer are at an increased risk for fractures, it is unclear whether specific factors can be used to identify men at increased risk. We therefore developed a prognostic index for risk of fracture in this population. Methods: We used the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results-Medicare database to identify men diagnosed with -localized prostate cancer in 2007-2009 who received ADT or RT. Potential risk factors for fracture included age, comorbidity (including osteoporosis), medication use, and functional status. Cox proportional hazards models tested the association of potential risk factors on fracture. In a derivation group (n=2,912), hazard ratios were used to assign points for factors independently related to fracture. The prognostic index was then applied to a validation group (n=2,912). Results: The sample of 5,824 men had a mean age of 74.2 years; 82.9% were white and 8.6 % had a fracture within 2 years of treatment for prostate cancer. The Cox model identified 8 variables (age, race, hormone treatment, Elixhauser score, anxiety, Parkinson’s, fall-inducing medications, disability score) independently associated with fracture; data not shown. Fractures in the derivation cohort included 4.3% in the low-risk group, 8.9% in the intermediate group, and 19.2% in the high-risk group (C statistic, 0.749). The incidence of fractures in the validation cohort ranged from 6.2% in the lowest-risk, 10.6% in the intermediate-risk, and 16.5% in the high-risk group (C statistic, 0.782). Conclusions: These data underscore the importance of identifying risk factors for fracture, given the substantial variation in fracture risk in men treated with ADT or RT. The prognostic index can help to inform treatment decisions (e.g., identifying patients at increased risk for fracture).
Parotid Cysts
Authors: H. D. Moore
Journal: BMJ (1950)

DICALJOURLAfter the middle of February she improved with massage and exercises.All tendon-jerks were absent in her lower limbs on discharge on March 9, although she was walking normally.One month later she was very well and both knee-jerks and the left ankle-jerk were present.After another month all tendon- jerks were present. COMMENTCases of post-mumps polyneuritis are rarer in the litera- ture than encephalitis or meningitis.This case seems to have been one of post-mumps polyneuritis; the diagnosis of poliomyelitis was also considered, as the signs and the finding of polymorphs in the cerebrospinal fluid were suggestive.However, .inview of the recent attack of mumps the other diagnosis seemed more likely.
The Cover
Authors: Fred Rosner
Journal: JAMA (1985)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Ten Leading Nationally Notifiable Infectious Diseases—United States, 1995
Journal: JAMA (1996)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Poor more likely to smoke and less likely to quit
Journal: BMJ (2004)

group, 4 but another study showed that virtual groups may be less effective than face to face groups to sustain weight loss. 13In terms of the outcome measures used, future studies should also include measures of resource use, as it is currently not clear whether participation in a peer to peer group reduces or increases the use of health care.Given the abundance of unmoderated peer to peer groups on the internet, researchers must focus their efforts not only on sophisticated professionally led systems, but shift their attention to consumer led, self help venues.Perhaps in this way the research community can best help consumers to help themselves, a guiding principle of support groups regardless of the venue in which they occur.
Colorectal cancer detection in a Community Hospital Screening Program
Authors: J. E. Kurnick
Journal: JAMA (1980)

In its first 4 1/2 years of operation in the Long Beach Community Hospital Cancer Detection Center, among the 5,595 persons examined, 16 cases of colorectal cancer were discovered. Fourteen of the 16 had symptoms referable to neoplasms. Eight had lesions found on proctosigmoidoscopic examination. Nine had positive findings for occult blood in stool samples, a 7.5% cancer detection rate among the 120 with positive stool sample findings. Six patients with cancer submitted one to four stool specimens that showed negative findings on occult blood testing, and one patient submitted no specimen. Although valuable in screening, stool testing for occult blood will not detect all colonic neoplasms. The complaints of pain, altered bowel habits, or tenesmus warrant sigmoidoscopic examination, barium enema studies, or both, whether findings in stool samples are positive or negative. (<i>JAMA</i>243:2056-2057, 1980)
Leads from the MMWR. Human rabies--Pennsylvania
Journal: JAMA (1984)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
UTERINE FIBROIDS.
Authors: THOS. FITZGIBBON
Journal: JAMA (1899)

Fibroid tumors of the uterus originate in its muscular walls. These tumors, as we shall observe, are composed of muscle and connective tissues; hence the names myofibroma and firobromyoma, the prefix designating the more abundant tissue. Uterine tumors composed exclusively of muscular tissue rarely occur. <h3>PATHOLOGY.</h3> Fibroids may be classified from the position they maintain, viz : subserous, interstitial and submucous. As a rule they grow very slowly, may be single or multiple and attain various sizes from a pea to 140 lbs. "Dr. Hunter of New York removed one weighing 140 pounds, which was 55 pounds more than the woman weighed after operation." The subserous variety develops beneath the peritoneal covering of the uterus, usually, invested by loose cellular tissue, blood-vessels of small size that connect the tumor with the capsule; and, should dense adhesions occur between the capsule and the tumor, they have been caused by inflammatory processes. Large pedunculated tumors may extend into the cul-de-sac and become adherent to the rectum and surrounding tissues, and may produce" obstruction to the bowel. The submucous variety lies just beneath the mucous membrane of the uterus, usually causing a hypertrophy
Coronary heart disease in Western Collaborative Group Study. Final follow-up experience of 8 1/2 years
Authors: R. H. Rosenman
Journal: JAMA (1975)

Clinical coronary heart disease (CHD) occurred in 257 subjects during eight to nine years of follow-up (average, 8 1/2 years) in a prospective study of 39- to 59-year-old employed men. Incidence of CHD was significantly associated with parental CHD history, reported diabetes, schooling, smoking habits, overt behavior pattern, blood pressure, and serum levels of cholesterol, triglyceride, and β-lipoproteins. The type A behavior pattern was strongly related to the CHD incidence, and this association could not be explained by association of behavior pattern with any single predictive risk factor or with any combination of them. (<i>JAMA</i>233:872-877, 1975)
Plasma D-Dimer Levels and Diagnosis of Pulmonary Embolism-Reply
Authors: Samuel Z. Goldhaber
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —We emphasize, as do Drs Heit and Nichols, that in the diagnostic work-up of pulmonary embolism a quantitative plasma D-dimer ELISA should be used, rather than the more commonly employed but semi-quantitative latex agglutination assay. Though rapid and simple, the latex agglutination D-dimer is just not sufficiently sensitive to be useful clinically as a screening test for pulmonary embolism. (It is adequate, however, to test for disseminated intravascular coagulation.) Fortunately, skilled technologists can set up and perform the quantitative ELISA for D-dimer in about 4 hours. The resources and training required to use the D-dimer ELISA on short notice are substantial, but not nearly as demanding as the maintenance of around-the-clock availability of pulmonary angiography. Even at hospitals capable of performing angiography, it often takes 4 hours to orchestrate the logistics and to perform this invasive diagnostic test. We observed no difference (<i>P</i>=.78) in the average (±SD)
Question "Airs"
Authors: Allan J. Fleming
Journal: JAMA (1965)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Without wishing to impede the progress of science or to dull anyone's idle curiosity, it is time someone uttered a few words of protest concerning the ever-increasing number of questionnaires that come across the desk each week. Some of these come from scientific and medical leaders, some come from our leading institutes and universities, and some come apparently from our asylums for the insane. Wherever they come from, they are rapidly becoming a first-class nuisance. To answer them honestly and truthfully would take a few days of one's time, or the time of a secretary or a librarian just to dig up the data requested. It used to be that our scientists worked with painstaking care for years to discover new things such as insulin, or a cure for pernicious anemia, and before publishing, they waited more years to check and recheck their observations. Then suddenly statistics
Use of Outpatient Clinics as a Health Indicator for Communities around a Coal-Fired Power Plant
Authors: Ayana I. Goren, Sarah Hellmann, Eduard D. Glaser
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1995)

The permit to operate the first coal fired power plant in Israel was issued with the condition that a comprehensive network to monitor its effects on the environment, health, and agriculture must be installed and operated around the plant. The health monitoring system consists of four studies, which started 1 year prior to the operation of the plant and were carried out for 10 years. In the framework of the health monitoring system, a study of requests for health services was carried out. In this survey, 8 clinics of the Sick Fund, served by 16 physicians, were followed up. The clinics were located as near as possible to air pollution monitoring stations and represent expected different levels of pollution. A health recorder summarized each day's visits to each physician and tabulated the total visits for each day and the visits due to respiratory tract complaints. Multivariate stepwise regressions on total as well as on respiratory complaints were carried out. The independent variables in the regressions were sulfur dioxide, meteorological parameters (such as temperature and humidity), and flu epidemics. Temperature was almost always significantly correlated with respiratory complaints, but less correlated with total visits among, adults and children. Sulfur dioxide, most meterological parameters and flu epidemics were not meaningful explanatory factor in the regressions. Ambient air pollution levels did not exceed the Israeli air quality or the more stringent local air quality standards, the monthly and annual average sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides values were very low.