tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Your Reputation
Authors: Robert W. Virtue
Journal: JAMA (1966)

In considering the future of anesthesiology, I would like to begin by mentioning a few pertinent items that have recently appeared in print. One is from the<i>AMA News</i>, and is a quotation from our president, James Z. Appel, MD<sup>1</sup>: "Physicians as individuals and as a group must constantly bear in mind the basic principle that the primary object of the medical profession is to render service to humanity." As you consider this, do you honestly believe that you personally have a reputation for doing this? I hope and trust that we here today have such reputations, and that we enjoy life because we are enjoying the giving of such service. A second item comes from the note in<i>Lancet</i>,<sup>2</sup>written by a former psychiatric patient, who said: I was chiefly struck by the godlike detachment of the hospital physicians. They thought they could cure anything with drugs
Evaluation of response to stereotactic radiosurgery in brain metastases using multiparametric MRI
Authors: Dr Vijay Sawlani, Dr Nigel Davies, Dr Markand Patel, Mr Robert Flintham, Dr Charles Fong, Dr Geoff Heyes, Prof Garth Cruickshank, Dr Neil Steven, Prof Andrew Peet, Dr Andrew Hartley, Dr Helen Benghiat, Dr Sara Meade, Dr Paul Sanghera
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2018)

Following stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS), brain metastases initially increase in size in up to a third of cases, suggesting treatment failure. Current imaging using structural MRI cannot differentiate between tumour recurrence and SRS-induced changes, creating difficulties with patient management. Combining multiparametric MRI techniques, which assess tissue physiological and metabolic information has shown promise for answering this clinical question. Multiparametric MRI techniques including spectroscopy, diffusion and perfusion imaging were used for differentiation of radiation-induced necrosis and tumour recurrence after SRS for intracranial metastases in six cases. All patients presented with enlargement of the treated lesion, an increase in perilesional brain oedema, and aggravation or appearance of neurological signs and symptoms from 7–29 weeks after primary treatment. Multiparametric imaging helped to differentiate features of tumour progression (n=4) from radiation-induced necrosis (n=2). A low apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) <1000 x 10–6 mm2/s, high relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV) ratio >2.1, high choline:creatine (Cho:Cr) ratio >1.8 suggested tumour recurrence. A high ADC >1000 x 10–6 mm2/s, low rCBV ratio <2.1, Cho:Cr ratio <1.8 suggested SRS-induced radiation changes. Multiparametric MRI diagnosis was confirmed by histology or radiological and clinical follow up. Multiparametric MRI is helpful in the early identification of radiation-induced necrosis and tumour recurrence, which can be used for monitoring treatment changes in intracranial neoplasms after SRS treatment.
<i>Some Post-Hemiplegic Disturbances of Motion in Children</i>. By Philip Coombs Knapp, A. M., M. D, Clinical Instructor in Diseases of the Nervous System, Harvard Medical School; Physician to Out-Patients with Diseases of the Nervous System, Boston City Hospital. Reprinted from the <i>Boston Medical and Surgical Journal</i> of November 22, 1888. Cupples &amp; Hurd, Boston
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1889)
A prospective study of benign breast disease and the risk of breast cancer
Authors: S J London, J L Connolly, S J Schnitt, G A Colditz
Journal: JAMA (1992)

To examine the relation between proliferative benign breast disease with and without atypical hyperplasia and the subsequent risk of breast cancer.Case-control study nested within a prospective cohort study. Median follow-up after breast biopsy was 8 years (25th to 75th percentile, 5 to 14 years).Selected from a prospective cohort of 121,700 US registered nurses followed up from 1976 to 1986. Cases were women with breast cancer who had a prior biopsy for benign breast disease. Controls were randomly selected and matched on year of biopsy and year of birth from among women in the cohort who had a benign breast biopsy but who did not develop breast cancer. Included in the analysis were 121 cases and 488 controls.Development of breast cancer.Slides from the first benign breast biopsy were reviewed by two breast pathologists blinded to the outcome. The multiply adjusted relative risks (RRs) for breast cancer, relative to women with no proliferative disease, were 1.6 for proliferative disease without atypia (95% confidence interval [Cl], 1.0 to 2.5) and 3.7 for atypical hyperplasia (95% Cl, 2.1 to 6.8). Breast cancer risk was more strongly associated with atypical hyperplasia among premenopausal women (RR = 5.9; 95% Cl, 2.9 to 13.2) than postmenopausal women (RR = 2.3; 95% Cl, 0.9 to 5.9), but the association of breast cancer risk with proliferative disease without atypia did not differ across menopausal status.These results confirm the marked increase in breast cancer risk among women with atypical hyperplasia, particularly in premenopausal women, and suggest that these women should be encouraged to undergo frequent breast cancer screening.
THE BRITISH ANTI-VACCINATION AGITATION AND ITS RESULTS.
Journal: JAMA (1899)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Biomedical Politics
Authors: Norman G. Levinsky
Journal: JAMA (1992)

Do the enormous potential benefits of recombinant technology justify the risk of creating a lethal "Andromeda strain"? How big is the risk, anyway? Should society impede the progress of science by requiring expensive containment facilities? During the past several decades, research has moved from Arrowsmith to Aerosmith, from the isolated scientist in an ivory tower to cacophony in the public arena about the costs, the values, and the achievements of modern biomedical science. In 1989 the Institute of Medicine convened a committee to study how decisions have been made about controversial biomedical issues and to make recommendations for improving the process. As a basis for the committee's discussion, the Institute commissioned six case studies of major decisions that demonstrate the interplay of experts and the general public, of scientists and government officials, and of strongly held societal opinions, such as those about abortion and scientific advances. The cases range across
Image Distortion in Cineradiographic Equipment
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Relevance of Particle-Induced Rat Lung Tumors for Assessing Lung Carcinogenic Hazard and Human Lung Cancer Risk
Authors: Joe L. Mauderly
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1997)

Rats and other rodents are exposed by inhalation to identify agents that might present hazards for lung cancer in humans exposed by inhalation.In some cases, the results are used in attempts to develop quantitative estimates of human lung cancer risk.This report reviews evidence for the usefulness of the rat for evaluation of lung cancer hazards from inhaled particles.With the exception of nickel sulfate, particulate agents thought to be human lung carcinogens cause lung tumors in rats exposed by inhalation.The rat is more sensitive to carcinogenesis from nonfibrous particles than mice or Syrian hamsters, which have both produced false negatives.However, rats differ from mice and nonhuman primates in both the pattern of particle retention in the lung and alveolar epithelial hyperplastic responses to chronic particle exposure.Present evidence warrants caution in extrapolation from the lung tumor response of rats to inhaled particles to human lung cancer hazard, and there is considerable uncertainty in estimating unit risks for humans from rat data.It seems appropriate to continue using rats in inhalation carcinogenesis assays of inhaled particles, but the upper limit of exposure concentrations must be set carefully to avoid false- positive results.A positive finding in both rats and mice would give greater confidence that an agent presents a carcinogenic hazard to man, and both rats and mice should be used if the agent is a gas or vapor.There is little justification for including Syrian hamsters in assays of the intrapulmonary carcinogenicity of inhaled agents.
Reply
Authors: Rachel J. Church, Paul B. Watkins
Journal: Hepatology (2018)

Potential conflict of interest: Nothing to report. Author names in bold designate shared co‐first authorship. We appreciate the feedback by Dr. James Dear and would like to address the issues he raised. Dr. Dear expressed concern that our conclusion regarding the superior performance of glutamate dehydrogenase (GLDH), compared to microRNA‐122 (miR‐122) as a biomarker of drug‐induced liver injury (DILI), was based on the correlation of these biomarkers with ALT. However, our conclusion was also based on the fact that GLDH showed better performance in ROC curve analysis for identification of DILI patients. Dr. Dear also believed that miRNA was undetectable in some of our healthy volunteers. However, the low values were simply below the lower limit of quantification (LLoQ), which was defined as the highest average Ct (by quantitative PCR) with a CV <25%. In the current study, samples with <384 copies/μL were considered below the LLoQ and the value given was 50% of this value. Dr. Dear questioned whether time‐dependent degradation contributed to the variation in miR‐122 levels we reported. To address this, we retrieved the SAFE‐T volunteer sample collection data, which varied over 2 years. As shown below, there is not a significant correlation with sample age (Fig. 1). While this evaluation has not yet been completed in the PSTC samples, the serial samples obtained from each volunteer were collected within a 3‐week period. Degradation therefore seems an unlikely explanation of the intrasubject variability we observed. Substantial variability in serum miR‐122 levels has been reported in another cohort of healthy volunteers.1 This may not be surprising given recent findings of roles of liver‐derived miR‐122 in extrahepatic physiology.2 While our data highlight advantages of using GLDH over miR‐122 as a DILI biomarker, we recognize that miR‐122 likely still has significant value, particularly in predicting outcome of acetaminophen toxicity. It may be that the levels that are informative in these situations far exceed the range of variability observed in our healthy volunteers. Unfortunately, the absolute concentrations obtained in our studies cannot be compared to the relative values used in past studies. We agree with Dr. Dear that more research is necessary to clarify whether normal variation in serum miR‐122 levels will significantly impact its utility in DILI.Figure 1: Time since collection and variation miR122 serum levels in the SAFE‐T healthy volunteers.
Drug-Induced Hematological Disorders Difficult to Diagnose—No Tests Yet
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Evidence From Randomized Controlled Trials, Meta-analyses, and Subgroup Analyses—Reply
Authors: Charles H. Hennekens
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Small Molecule XIAP Inhibitors Cooperate with TRAIL to Trigger Apoptosis in Childhood Acute Leukemia Cells and Overcome Bcl-2-Mediated Resistance
Authors: Melanie Fakler, Sandra Löder, Meike Vogler, Katja Schneider, Irmela Jeremias, Klaus-Michael Debatin, Simone Fulda
Journal: Blood (2008)
HCV: Virology
Authors: Yuichi Hara, Sohji Nishina, Izumi Yanatori, Masanori Ikeda, Emi Kiyokage, Yasuyuki Tomiyama, Kazunori Toida, Fumio Kishi, Nobuyuki Kato, Michio Imamura, Kazuaki Chayama, Keisuke Hino, Manuel Romero-Gómez, Roche Farma, Angela Rojas, Jose Campo, Marta García-Valdecasas, Sophie Clément, Justin Bailey, Anna Snider, William Osburn, Stuart Ray, Johns Hopkins, Esperance Schaefer, James Meixiong, Daniel Motola, Amy Deik, Dahlene Fusco, Carol Lin, Nikolaus Jilg, Stephane Chevaliez, Cynthia Brisac, Pattranuch Chusri, Wenyu Lin, Clary Clish, Kiran Musunuru, Chad Cowan, Raymond Chung, Lee Peng, Xiomara Thomas, Sylvie Koekkoek, Jan Van Der Meer, Maria Prins, Sabrina Merat, Tim Beaumont, Richard Molenkamp, Janke Schinkel
Journal: Hepatology (2013)
Acetaldehyde increases transforming growth factor ?1 mRNA expression in human hepatoblastoma cells (HepG2) and rat liver fat-storing cells . Alcohol and Liver Units, Hospital Cl�nic i Provincial. University of Barcelona, Spain
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

Oxidative stress (OS) is associated with accelerated aging. Previous studies have suggested a possible relationship between OS and frailty but this association remains unclear. We conducted a systematic review to investigate potential interactions between OS and frailty.A systematic literature search of original reports providing data on ‘OS and antioxidant’ parameters and frailty was carried out across major electronic databases from inception until May 2016. Cross-sectional/case control and longitudinal studies reporting data on the association between frailty and anti-oxidants-OS biomarkers were considered for inclusion. Results were summarized with a synthesis based on the best evidence.From 1856 hits, 8 studies (cross-sectional/case control) were included (N = 6349; mean age of 75 ± 12 years; 56.4% females). Overall, there were 588 (=9.3%) frail, 3036 pre-frail (=47.8%), 40 (=0.6%) pre-frail/robust, and 2685 (=42.3%) robust subjects. Six cross-sectional/case control studies demonstrated that frailty was associated with an increase in peripheral OS biomarkers, including lipoprotein phospholipase A2 (1 study), isoprostanes (2 studies), malonaldehyde (2 studies), 8-hydroxy-20-deoxyguanosine (2 studies), derivate of reactive oxygen metabolites (2 studies), oxidized glutathione/glutathione (1 study), 4-hydroxy-2,3-nonenal (1 study), and protein carbonylation levels (1 study). In addition, preliminary evidence points to lower anti-oxidant parameters (vitamin C, E, α-tocopherol, biological anti-oxidant potential, total thiol levels) in frailty.Frailty and pre-frailty appear to be associated with higher OS and possibly lower anti-oxidant parameters. However, due to the cross-sectional design, it is not possible to disentangle the directionality of the relationships observed. Thus, future high-quality and in particular longitudinal research is required to confirm or refute these relationships and to further elucidate pathophysiological mechanisms.
Antibodies to neutrophil cytoplasmic antigens in Wegener's granulomatosis and other conditions.
Authors: G W Bradley
Journal: Thorax (1989)

Nebulised pentamidine as treatment for Pneumocystis carinu pneumonia in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome SIR,-Dr Miller and his colleagues (July 1989;44:565-9) report that nebulised pentamidine when delivered by a Respirgard II nebuliser is more effective in the treatment of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia than when delivered by an Acorn nebuliser.They state, however, that the mass median aerodynamic diameter (MMAD) of the aerosol produced by the Acorn is 2-6 pm.This means that 50% ofthe aerosol mass is contained in droplets ofless than 2-6 pm and 50% of the aerosol mass is contained in droplets of 2-6 pm or more.It is therefore a physical impossibility for 46% of the particles to be less than 3 9 pm, as the authors state.If this latter figure is correct, then the MMAD of the aerosol must be 3 9 pm or more.The correct size of the aerosol is critical to the interpretation of this study.Newman and colleagues have shown that the MMAD of the Acorn nebuliser, when measured in the same manner, ranges from 4 5 to 5-7 pm.'It seems likely that Dr Miller and his colleagues have miscalculated the MMAD.Only one patient from the group treated by Acorn nebulisers was seen to have oozing and contact bleeding at bronchoscopy, whereas four patients from the Respirgard group, which delivers a smaller droplet aerosol, were noted to have these findings.It is therefore difficult to implicate the pentamidine as the cause of these abnormalities, as the larger aerosol (delivered by the Acorn nebuliser) would be expected to produce a greater upper airway deposition, and so cause more rather than less mucosal irritation.Moreover, the authors state that the diagnosis of pneumocystis pneumonia was made by bronchoscopy before pentamidine was started (with the exception of one patient treated empirically).How is it then possible for the nebulised pentamidine to have caused the mucosal friability attributed to it?
Einleitung
Authors: R. Hassler, F. Duensing, H. Sommer, G.S. Barolin, R. Alnaes, G. Kienle, A.W. von Eiff, H. Roemer, A. Mellgren, H.J. Prill, E. Schaetzing, W. Dogs, J. Lassner, R. Frey, K. Schürmann, I. Horvai, W.P.J. Vië;tor, J.M. Zwart, D. Langen, D. Langen, E. Svalland
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1966)
Indications and Results of Left Phrenemphraxia in Diaphragmatic Hernia
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Twelfth International Medical Congress.
Journal: JAMA (1897)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal