tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
In Reply
Authors: John R. Goffin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

and are estimated to be less than 4% in all simulations.The ␣ error for the Table 2 rule is estimated to be approximately 11% (excluding the no decisions).This is substantially greater than the ␣ value of 2.5% reported in Table 2.The probability of stopping at stage 1 is estimated to be 68%, again, less than the 90% reported by the authors.Power (defined as the percentage of time that the study results fall into the drug acceptance region) for the borderline-value method rule is estimated to be between 74% and 91%.The Table 3 rule (interesting and uninteresting drugs that have border values) does not have a no-decision region.We were able to confirm the ␣ error of .111,and the probability of stopping at stage 1 under the null hypothesis of .68, reported in Table 3. Power for this rule is estimated to be between 73% and 91%.Goffin and Tu 1 use a nonstandard definition of power in their report.Their power definition has a Bayesian flavor to it.Alternatives are picked at random from all or part of the alternative hypothesis space.Averaging over a particular alternative hypothesis space seems to amount to the expected value of power over the values for the response and early-progression rates thought to be consistent with a good drug.For their Table 1, the alternative values for the response and early-progression rates seem to be any in the alternative hypothesis space (response rate, 0% to 20%; earlyprogression rate, 40%).For their Table 2, it seems the alternative values are restricted to the border of the alternative hypothesis space closest to the null hypothesis (response rate, 0% to 20%; early-progression rate, 40%; response rate, 20%; early-progression rate, 40% to 80%).Power is usually defined as the probability of rejecting the null hypothesis at a fixed alternative in the alternative hypothesis space.Many rules for the fixed alternatives listed in the simulation results table have inadequate power.
Interferon‐gamma (IFN‐γ) as a potential radio‐ and chemo‐protectant
Authors: Renee V. Gardner
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1998)

Interferons (IFN) have had increasing clinical usage in the treatment of a variety of disorders, at times being used in combination with chemo- or radiotherapy. However, interferons may have inhibitory effects on hematopoietic stem cell proliferation and the effects of this cytokine's use on long-term hematologic function have not been studied. We performed the competitive repopulation assay in the murine system, using cells exposed to irradiation or single-dose chemotherapy with or without concomitant IFN-γ use. IFN-γ alone had no deleterious effects on hematopoietic stem cell productivity. We measured the repopulating ability of exhaustible multilineage precursors that were present at early stages of marrow repopulation after competitive repopulation (30 days). These progenitors were minimally impacted by cyclophosphamide (CTX) with or without IFN-γ. Irradiation (XRT) and CTX alone produced significant repopulating defects in the most primitive hematopoietic stem cell, PHSC. Addition of IFN to either treatment regimen resulted in protection of PHSC, with improved repopulating ability, although the levels of donor marrow reached control levels only when CTX and IFN were used together. The results of multiple use of IFN with chemotherapy must be studied further, but IFN may offer hematologic radio- and chemoprotection, in addition to its antitumor properties in clinical protocols for treatment of cancers. Am. J. Hematol. 58:218–223, 1998. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Automated telephone screening survey for depression
Authors: L. Baer
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To test the application of fully automated telephone screening using computerized digital voice recordings and touch-tone responses to assess symptoms of depression. <h3>Design.</h3> —A cross-sectional study of a 2-week-long telephone survey. <h3>Setting.</h3> —Toll-free telephone calls placed from home, work, or school to a central telephone/computer system at a telecommunications company in the Boston, Mass, area. <h3>Participants.</h3> —A total of 1812 participants called the system. Of these, 278 were students and faculty at a large midwestern state university, 725 were employees of a large northeastern high-technology firm, and 809 did not identify which site they were calling from. <h3>Main Outcome Measures.</h3> —The 20-question multiple-choice Zung Depression Scale was used to screen for depressive symptoms, and additional questions gathered demographic and caller satisfaction information. <h3>Results.</h3> —No technical problems were encountered during the trial. Of 1812 callers, 1597 (88.1%) completed all questions. Of these, 412 callers (25.8%) met criteria for "moderate or marked" depression and another 194 (12.1%) met criteria for "severe or extreme" depression. The majority of callers scoring positive for depression had received no previous treatment for depression. Of callers who completed the screening questionnaire, 74.6% reported the call to have been at least "moderately" helpful. <h3>Conclusion.</h3> —Readily available low-cost technology provides a fully automated, widely accessible, and confidential method of screening for a common mental illness. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1995;273:1943-1944)
TABES DIABETICA
Authors: RALPH H. MAJOR
Journal: JAMA (1924)

Tabes diabetica, which is briefly mentioned in many textbooks of medicine,<sup>1</sup>is apparently a very unusual condition. Other neurologic manifestations of diabetes mellitus are fairly common, and the literature on the different types of diabetic neuritis is fairly extensive. The work of Williamson,<sup>2</sup>Bruns,<sup>3</sup>Kaiser,<sup>4</sup>Fraser,<sup>5</sup>and others has called attention to the very interesting neurologic complications that may occur in diabetes. Williamson describes eight different clinical pictures due to peripheral neuritis or to spinal lesions in diabetes. Among these he mentions pseudotabes, of which, he states, a few cases have been recorded. Von Noorden<sup>6</sup>saw three cases of "pseudotabes," and Head,<sup>7</sup>has described a case of "so-called diabetic tabes." The work of Sandmeyer<sup>8</sup>and Williamson<sup>9</sup>has shown that in diabetes mellitus a degeneration of the posterior columns may occur, which resembles very much the lesions found in tabes dorsalis. The
Abstract 12571: Successful Catheter Ablation of Ventricular Tachycardia is Associated With Reduction of Mortality in Patients With Ventricular Tachycardia and Nonischemic Dilated Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Borislav Dinov, Arash Arya, Valentina Schirripa, Livio Bertagnolli, Lukas Fiedler, Andreas Bollmann, Sascha Rolf, Christopher Piorkowski, Gerhard Hindricks
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Recent publications reported on higher recurrence rates and lack of survival benefit after catheter ablation (CA) of ventricular tachycardia (VT) in nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy (NIDCM). Methods: We aimed to investigate the VT recurrence and cardiac mortality in patients with NIDCM ablated for VT. The studied cohort was divided in 2 groups depending on procedure success: complete success (group 1), and failure or incomplete success (group 2). Success definition was based on the VT inducibility after CA. The patients were prospectively followed for cardiac mortality and VT recurrence. Results: 104 patients with NIDCM (87 males, mean age 59.65 ± 14.69 years, mean ejection fraction 33.42 ± 11.42 %) underwent VT ablation. Ventricular stimulation after CA was not attempted in 13 (12.5%) patients. Out of the rest 91, complete success was achieved in 62 (68.1%) patients (group1), and incomplete success or failure in 29 (31.9%) patients (group 2). During 2-years follow-up, VT recurrence was observed in 56.5% in group 1 vs. 82.8% in group 2. Incomplete success was associated with higher VT recurrence (HR 1.91; 95% CI 1.13-3.22; p=0.015). The 2-years mortality was 14.5% in group 1 vs 34.5% in group 2. The probability for death was 3-times higher in group 2 (adjusted HR 3.18; 95% CI 1.18-8.56; p=0.022). The primary and secondary endpoints were comparable between patients with idiopathic, post-myocarditis and secondary NIDCM. Conclusion: Procedure success, defined as complete VT noninducibility after CA of VT, was associated with reduced VT recurrence and improved survival in patients with nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy.
The effect on children of curtailing Medicaid spending
Authors: P. W. Newacheck
Journal: JAMA (1995)

FEDERAL policymakers are considering a number of major changes for Medicaid and other social welfare programs serving children from low-income families. In this article we discuss the proposed spending reductions and programmatic changes for the Medicaid program because it is the single most important health program for low-income families with children. We present a description of the proposed changes, describe Medicaid's role in financing medical care to children, and assess the likely effects of the current proposals for reducing future growth in Medicaid expenditures on access to medical services and covered benefits. See also pp 1429 and 1472. Medicaid is an insurancelike program for financing medical, mental health, and dental services, as well as long-term care for low-income people. It is funded and administered jointly by federal and state governments. Medicaid is expected to serve 36 million people during 1995, up from 22 million in 1988.<sup>1,2</sup>Although Medicaid has
Diagnostic clinique: Examens et symptômes
Journal: JAMA (1934)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Statistical Issues in the Design of HIV Vaccine Trials
Authors: C. Schaper
Journal: Annual Review of Public Health (1995)

HIV vaccine trials present significant challenges related to trial endpoints, vaccine efficacy measurement, and the role of nonvaccine interventions. Infection is a valid endpoint for detecting sterilizing immunity. But if the vaccine prevents AIDS without preventing infection, infection may be a misleading surrogate. Appropriate endpoints must be defined for other mechanisms of vaccine action. Direct, indirect, behavioral, and biological effects all determine vaccine efficacy. False security among HIV-vaccine recipients may make negative behavioral effects an important component of vaccine performance. Both biological potency and a more comprehensive program effectiveness should be measured. These goals may require unblinded designs or community randomization. Nonvaccine interventions are currently the only HIV-prevention strategy. Support for larger scale implementation requires more rigorous evaluation that is less dependent on self-reported behavioral changes. The vaccine trial cohorts provide a unique opportunity to cost-effectively evaluate behavioral interventions.
Radium: Its Therapeutic Uses in General Practice.
Journal: JAMA (1926)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Institutional responsibility in graduate medical education and highlights of historical data
Authors: C. J. Martini
Journal: JAMA (1993)

THIS year's report on graduate medical education (GME) is based on information maintained in the American Medical Association's (AMA's) Medical Education Research and Information (MERI) database, which consists of extensive, current information about the residents, programs, and institutions that constitute the GME enterprise in the United States (Table 1). The report includes • special analyses of selected educational characteristics, resident workload, benefits, compensation, and program outcomes (described below) of specialties and subspecialties by type of institutional control and • descriptive statistics (Appendix II), published annually on all three categories (residents, programs, and institutions) of the database, using similar variables from year to year to permit viewing GME data over time. Most of the MERI database is updated through the AMA Annual Survey of GME Programs (which contains the Census of Graduate Medical Trainees [CGMT]) and the companion AMA Annual Survey of GME Teaching Institutions. The first survey, sent in August
COMMITTEE ON ECONOMIC SECURITY
Journal: JAMA (1934)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Duplication of the Rectum
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Postgraduate Medical Centres
Journal: BMJ (1965)

polythene examination gloves.If wished, the thermometer could be wiped with spirit after removal of the sheath, but suitable trials might well prove this to be unnecessary.The cost of manufacture of such sheaths on a large scale should be very small, as I can make fifty in ten minutes by hand from a pennyworth of polythene.Perhaps, as the Ministry are prepared to supply disposable syringes in the cause of preventing crossinfection, they might be interested in these very much cheaper aids to the same cause.-I am, etc., London W.10. P. L. HOLMAN.SIR,-As a general practitioner I was in- terested to read the article by Drs.R. J. House and R. J. Henderson on the disinfect- ing of the clinical thermometer (11
Epidemiology of travelers' diarrhea
Authors: R. Allard
Journal: JAMA (1984)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> As stated in our article and in Dr Allard's letter, there are several reasons against reporting the effect of drug prophylaxis on the incidence of diarrhea in travelers. In view of the importance of just this question, we have meanwhile started a controlled, randomized study and will report on our findings in due time.
基底细胞癌：冰岛女性中新出现的一种流行性疾病
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2020)

我们利用冰岛皮肤癌登记库中的数据，对整个冰岛人群进行了研究。我们发现，这些癌症的发病率男性增加了 2.3 倍，女性增加了 3.7 倍，这是唯一一个这些癌症女性患病率明显高于男性的人群。我们发现，女性更容易在躯干和腿部出现这些癌症，而男性则更多地发生在头部和颈部。如今，冰岛每 10 名女性中就有 1 名患 BCC，每 14 名男性中就有 1 名患 BCC。
Educational Psychiatry
Authors: Frederick Kalz
Journal: JAMA (1963)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —"Concepts of Educational Psychiatry," by D. L. Farnsworth (<i>JAMA</i><b>181</b>:815 [Sept 8] 1962) merits some comments, and the role of a psychiatrist on the campus and the scope of his work should be discussed beyond merely giving a declaration of intention. Take such a sentence as: "When not interviewing disturbed students or faculty members, he (the psychiatrist) is representing a discipline or point of view which is, in a sense, competing for usefulness and significance with psychology and all the other social sciences, the humanities, and the natural sciences." How, exactly, is this discipline supposed to compete for significance with the natural sciences or the humanities? Is this not a bit vague for a working program? Statistics are shown to demonstrate the numbers of drop-outs, to choose one example, but no evidence exists, to my knowledge, on whether or not this drop-out rate can be altered
Abstract 16792: KLF6 Modulates Recruitment and Polarization of Inflammatory Cells Through Cardiomyocytes in Initiation of Cardiac Fibrosis
Authors: Daigo Sawaki, Toru Suzuki, Kenichi Aizawa, Takayoshi Matsumura, Yoshiko Munemasa, Junichi Ishida, Scott L Fridman, Ryozo Nagai
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Introduction: Previous studies suggest that Kråppel-like factors (KLFs) play important roles in the cardiovasculature. We previously identified and cloned KLF6, whose homozygous mutation in mice results in embryonic lethality with markedly reduced yolk sac vascularization suggesting a role in cardiovascular development. However, it has yet to be addressed how KLF6 contributes to cardiovascular disease. Methods &amp; Results: Preliminary investigation showed significantly diminished levels of cardiac fibrosis in response to continuous angiotensin II (Ang II) infusion (fibrotic area; wild-type: klf6 +/- mice=5.24%:1.6%) in Klf6 +/- mice. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed remarkably reduced infiltration of Mac3 positive cells in klf6 +/- mice as soon as 1 to 5 days after initiation of Ang II stimulation and induction of KLF6 in the nucleus of cardiomyocytes. We further investigated infiltrating cells by flow cytometric analysis which revealed marked difference in polarization of macrophages infiltrating cardiac tissue (M1: M2= wild-type mice, 21: 64%, klf6 +/- mice, 44: 42%). Microarray analysis confirmed reduced expression levels of thrombospondins in the stimulated klf6 +/- mouse heart (thrombospondin-1 38.9%, thrombospondin-4 27.7%). These biologically active substances subsequently recruited monocytes and modulated their polarization, which in turn shifted activation of residual cardiac fibroblasts or transformation into myofibroblasts thus participating in the early stage of Ang II induced cardiac fibrosis. Conclusion: KLF6 plays a functional role in the initiation of cardiac fibrosis in response to pathological stimuli mainly through modulation of recruitment and polarization of infiltrating monocytic cells by biologically active molecules like thrombospondins.
Osteoid Osteoma
Authors: Michael Scott
Journal: JAMA (1971)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> We agree with Lester that the appearance of osteoid osteoma in the spine as classically described is that of a central radiolucency less than 1 cm in size surrounded by minimal to moderate reactive sclerosis. However, the appearance of central calcification within the radiolucent area such as described in our case is also commonly seen (Epstein BS:<i>The Spine</i>, ed 3. Philadelphia, Lea &amp; Febiger, 1969).
TV: Death
Authors: P. Keeley
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Channel 4, Tuesdays at 9 pm, 2 to 30 July Rating: ![Graphic][1]</img>![Graphic][2]</img>![Graphic][3]</img>![Graphic][4]</img> Titles don't come much more in your face than Death . This may, of course, deter some people, but this is a powerful and moving series. The first images that flashed before viewers' eyes were those of corpses in coffins, funerals, and ashes being scattered. We know exactly where this series is headed. The vogue for “reality TV” is now entrenched, but TV doesn't get more real than these five programmes, which follow 12 terminally ill people through their final months. The oncologists in the first programme struck me as a caring, hardworking bunch. They knew the limits of their specialty and were honest without being brutal. They set out the options and tried to give some idea of the balance between risk and benefit. If ever I need an oncologist, Dr Mark Bower will be up there with some of my … [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif [2]: /embed/inline-graphic-2.gif [3]: /embed/inline-graphic-3.gif [4]: /embed/inline-graphic-4.gif