tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Carcinogenicity of Chloroform
Authors: Melvin Dwaine Reuber
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1979)

Chloroform is carcinogenic in rats, mice, and probably in dogs. Chloroform induced carcinomas of the liver and kidney and malignant tumors in other organs in rats and mice. Liver neoplasms have been described in three strains of mice. Carcinomas of the kidney were found in a first study in mice and in the repeat of that study. Dogs given chloroform developed neoplasms of the liver as well as in other organs. Rats given chloroform also developed toxic changes, particularly male rats, as a result of treatment. These lesions included interstitial fibrosis of the kidney; polyarteritis of the mesenteric, pancreatic, and other arterioles and arteries; and atrophy of the testes. These toxic changes may have interfered with the development of neoplasms in male rats.
PWE-182 Dysmotility In Parkinson’s Disease Correlates To Gut Symptoms: Findings Of A Wireless Motility Capsule Study
Authors: SK Butt, R Leung, A Bala, K Bhatia, A Raeburn, A Emmanuel
Journal: Gut (2014)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neuro-degenerative disorder with frequent involvement of the gut. Symptoms arise throughout the gastrointestinal tract through dysmotility secondary to autonomic and enteric nervous system involvement, as well from skeletal muscle involvement in the oropharynx and anorectum. It has been speculated that gut involvement may precede motor symptoms. The Wireless Motility Capsule (WMC) yields data on transit and motility throughout the gut. We report the first use of WMC to systematically assess motility in PD patients with and without gut symptoms, compared to controls. <h3>Methods</h3> 15 patients with established PD completed the study: eight (2 f, mean age 70 [47–85]) had GI symptoms and seven (2 f, mean age 61 [49–77]) did not based on history and baseline scores on the Gastroparesis Cardinal Symptom Index (GCSI) and Wexner constipation score. Data comparison with seven controls (3f, mean age 52 [39–63]). Medications affecting GI motility /pH were discontinued for the study and the WMC was ingested following a standardised nutrient bar meal. Data on gastric emptying time (GET), small bowel transit time (SBTT), colonic transit time (CTT) and whole gut transit time (WGTT) were calculated. <h3>Results</h3> PD patients with gut symptoms showed significantly slower transit in the stomach (GET 5.2 vs. 2.7 h, p = 0.0003), colon (CTT 57.8 vs. 27.4 h, p = 0.02) and overall gut (WGTT 67.2 vs. 34.7 h, p = 0.02) compared to asymptomatic patients. Small Bowel transit (mean SBTT 4.17 h) did not significantly differ. GET, SBTT, CTT and WGTT did not differ between asymptomatic PD and controls. There was a significant correlation between the Wexner constipation score and CTT in all patients (p &lt; 0.01), but no correlation between GCSI and gastric emptying (p &gt; 0.05). <h3>Conclusion</h3> This study demonstrates that symptomatic PD patients have markedly delayed transit times throughout the whole gut compared to asymptomatic PD patients and controls. The correlation between scores and transit times suggest that WMC is a less useful indicator of gastric emptying than small bowel and colonic transit. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared.
Polymorphisms in FcγRIIIA (CD16) receptor expression are associated with clinical response to rituximab in Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia
Authors: S. P. Treon, M. Hansen, A. Branagan, C. Emmanouilides, E. Kimby, S. Frankel, N. Touroutoglou, D. Maloney, K. C. Anderson, E. A. Fox
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

6556 Background: Polymorphisms in FcγRIIIA (CD16) receptor expression modulate human IgG1 binding, and antibody dependent cell mediated cytotoxicity, and may therefore impact responses to rituximab in patients with WM. Methods: We therefore performed sequencing of all DNA coding regions for FcγRIIIA in 58 patients with Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia (WM) treated with rituximab. Two distinct, but linked polymorphisms (FcγRIIIA-48 and -158) were commonly observed. All patients with FcγRIIIA-158F/F were always FcγRIIIA-48L/L, and patients with either FcγRIIIA-L/R or –L/H always expressed at least one valine at FcγRIIIA-158 (p≤0.001). Results: Major responses were higher in patients with FcγRIIIA-48L/H or –L/R (35%) versus -48L/L (22.0%) (p=NS), and among patients with FcγRIIIA-158V/V or -V/F (36%) versus -158F/F (9.0%) (p=0.03). Major responses for FcγRIIIA-48L/L patients were higher (36.8 vs. 9.0%; p=0.05) when at least one valine was present at FcγRIIIA-158, and were on par with FcγRIIIA-48L/R or –L/H patients (35.3%; p=NS) who always were FcγRIIIA-158V/V or –V/F, thereby supporting a primary role for FcγRIIIA-158 polymorphisms in predicting rituximab responses. With a median follow-up of 13 months, time to disease progression was 13 and 8 months for patients with FcγRIIIA-158V/V or V/F and -158F/F, respectively (p=NS). Conclusions: The results of these studies therefore support a predictive role for FcγRIIIA-158 polymorphisms and major responses to rituximab inWM. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Some Aspects of the Environmental Exposure to Arsenic in Romania
Authors: Silvia Gabor, Victoria Coldea
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1977)

The main sources of arsenic emission in Romania are ore smelters and refineries. Arsenic determinations were carried out by the silver diethyldithiocarbamate spectrophotometric method on hair and urine samples taken from smelter workers and individuals residing in two polluted areas and three areas not polluted by arsenic. Arsenic in hair was found to be a more reliable biologic test than tests on urine, obviously reflecting the differences in arsenic concentrations in workroom air. Repeated determinations for arsenic content after 3 years revealed a twofold increased rate in the 48 re-examined workers. Hair arsenic analysis in people living in two locations near an ore smelter and a refinery indicated high-levels compared to those of individuals residing in nonpolluted areas. Epidemiological studies are necessary in order to ascertain effects of heavy arsenic exposure in relation with concurrent exposures to respiratory irritants and metals.
Characterization of premature liver polyploidy in DNA repair (Ercc1)-deficient mice
Authors: Michael D. Chipchase, Mary O'Neill, David W. Melton
Journal: Hepatology (2003)

ERCC1–XPF is the endonuclease that cuts 5′ of the damage in nucleotide excision repair (NER). Unlike other NER proteins, ERCC1–XPF is also involved in recombination and the repair of DNA interstrand cross–links. Unique among the NER gene knockouts, Ercc1 null mice are severely runted with high levels of hepatocyte polyploidy. To understand the link between DNA repair deficiency and polyploidy we have compared the premature polyploidy in Ercc1 null liver with the normal development of polyploidy in aging control mice. Polyploidy was accelerated dramatically in Ercc1 null hepatocytes, such that ploidy levels were equivalent in 3–week–old Ercc1 null and 1– to 2–year–old wild–type mouse liver. Levels of the cyclin–dependent kinase inhibitor, p21, were increased in the nuclei of Ercc1 null hepatocytes, and this increase was concentrated in, but not confined to, the polyploid hepatocytes. Much lower levels of p21 messenger RNA (mRNA) were found in old wild–type liver with equivalent levels of ploidy. We suggest that the more rapid accumulation of DNA damage in Ercc1 null liver leads to an increase in p21 levels, but that there is not a simple direct link between p21 levels and premature polyploidy. The failure to observe any link between p21 levels and polyploidy in aged wild–type liver may be attributable to the much lower levels of accumulated DNA damage, the much greater timescale involved, or the existence of a p21–independent mechanism for polyploidy. In conclusion, the premature polyploidy in Ercc1 –deficient liver differs from the normal aging–related process. (Hepatology 2003;38:958-966).
Anal itching
Authors: Kapil Sahnan, Laurence Lever, Robin K S Philips
Journal: BMJ (2016)

#### What you need to know A 39 year old lorry driver describes three months of an itchy bottom. He has tried to improve his hygiene and showers several times a day. It has now become embarrassing in public. He is otherwise well, his bowel habit is unchanged, and he has had no rectal bleeding and no history of bowel problems. Itching in the perianal area—pruritus ani—causes discomfort with an uncontrollable desire to scratch. Patients may be embarrassed to talk about it. Data on prevalence and aetiology are scarce because most patients do not consult a doctor.1 It is estimated that 5% of the population are affected by anal itching at some point in life, more commonly men, and predominantly when they are in the fourth to sixth decade of life.2 Itching may be short lived or chronic and can be caused by local factors or systemic disease (box 1). More commonly, it is idiopathic and no cause is identified.3 4 #### Box 1: Possible causes of pruritus ani (idiopathic if no cause is identified) ##### Colorectal
Emergency contraception
Authors: D. R Bromham
Journal: BMJ (1991)

that an intrauterine contraceptive device may be inserted only up to five days after unprotected intercourse will restrict unnecessarily the use of this highly effective postcoital method.It is accepted clinical practice to fit the device up to five days after the calculated earliest date ofovulation.2In emergencies where coital exposure took place more than five days previously, the shortest cycle length ever experienced by the woman must be ascertained and the day of ovulation calculated.An intrauterine contraceptive device can then be fitted up to five days after the earliest calculated date of ovulation.In a normal 28 day cycle this extends the time allowed for use of the device to day 19 of the cycle.This is of particular relevance when multiple exposures have occurred.
Radiology
Authors: Ronald G. Evens
Journal: JAMA (1993)

Radiology continues to benefit from technological improvements by expanding the capabilities of imaging for clinical diagnosis and treatment. While no completely new procedure was accepted for clinical use in 1992, a variety of procedures that were adaptations of recently established technology demonstrated clinical efficacy. Five components of radiology are particularly important: (1) spiral computed tomography (CT), (2) interventional radiology, (3) two adaptations of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)—magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) and functional MRI, (4) mammography, and (5) economics. Although most observers thought that CT, which was introduced approximately 20 years ago, was a "mature" technology, the major adaptation of spiral CT has renewed clinical interest in the applications of CT. Spiral CT constantly images an anatomical region for as long as 30 seconds while the patient is transported through the detectors, creating a continuum of anatomical imaging. If conventional CT is thought of as an apple sliced in sections, spiral
The Way of Zen
Authors: Alan Watts
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1998)

NIH Conferences15 June 1998The Way of ZenAlan WattsAlan WattsSubmitted by: David B. Edwards, MD; Tempe, AZ 85284Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-128-12_Part_1-199806150-00013 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Until this has become clear, it seems that our life is all past and future, and that the present is nothing more than the infinitesimal hairline which divides them. From this comes the sensation of "having no time," of a world which hurries by so rapidly that it is gone before we can enjoy it. But through "awakening to the instant" one sees that it is the reverse of the truth: it is rather the past and future which are the fleeting illusions, and the present which is eternally real. We discover that the linear succession of time is a ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Submitted by: David B. Edwards, MD; Tempe, AZ 85284 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byFences of Being: The Child in the World in Janet Frame's "A Note on the Russian War," "Prizes" and "Royal Icing" 15 June 1998Volume 128, Issue 12_Part_1Page: 1028KeywordsConsciousnessForecastingHand strengthMusclesMuscular dystrophiesNervesVision ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 June 1998 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1998 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Surgeon-General Sternberg's Annual Report.
Journal: JAMA (1895)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
<i>A Text-Book on Nervous Diseases</i>. By American Authors. Edited by Francis P. Dercum, A. M., M. D., Ph. D., Clinical Professor of Nervous Diseases in the Jefferson Medical College of Philadelphia; President of the American Neurological Association. With 341 engravings and seven colored plates. Philadelphia: Lea Brothers &amp; Co., 1895
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1895)
Trigeminal neuralgia from digitalis intoxication
Authors: J. L. Bernat
Journal: JAMA (1979)

WHILE trigeminal neuralgia is generally considered to be an idiopathic condition, many cases have been shown to be caused by compression of the trigeminal sensory roots by bands of small blood vessels.<sup>1</sup>Here we describe digitalis intoxication as another cause of trigeminal neuralgia. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 51-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of congestive heart failure and facial pains. He had a long history of coronary artery disease, including six myocardial infarctions since 1967. Heart failure and intermittent atrial fibrillation prompted several admissions for cardioversion. He was treated with digoxin, 0.25 mg daily, in addition to quinidine, warfarin, furosemide, and isosorbide dinitrate. During the month prior to admission, he had taken digoxin, 0.25 mg, alternating daily with 0.375 mg. Two weeks prior to admission, he noted the gradual onset of attacks of new facial pain that began suddenly with boring pain in the right temple
Adolescents who attempt suicide
Authors: David Shaffer, Veronica Vieland, Ann Garland, Mary Rojas, Maureen Underwood, Cary Busner
Journal: JAMA (1991)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> Drs Kaufman and Mann accurately restate the findings and reservations that appeared in our article. We would like to take issue with three points made in their letter. They correctly state that an unpleasant intervention is not necessarily a bad one, drawing what may be an inappropriate analogy to vaccination, where an unpleasant inflammatory reaction or mild infection is expected and required for the vaccination to be effective. In the instance of suicide prevention classes, a negative response to programs is neither expected nor planned, nor, as far as we can determine, is there any a priori theory that predicts that an unpleasant reaction should serve a positive outcome. It is precisely because we do not understand why a significantly greater number of high-risk teenagers indicate that they are upset by a program and that, in their view, programs could increase the risk of suicide that we cannot
Advance Care Planning
Authors: Muriel R. Gillick
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2003)

One hundred years ago, the odds that a visit to the doctor would result in a measurable improvement in a patient's condition were slim. But the mere fact that modern physicians are far more likely to be able to influence the course of illness in a particular way does not mean that patients necessarily want them to do so. Patients who are near the end of life often prefer treatment that is focused exclusively on comfort; frail elderly patients may choose to trade longevity for quality of life. Although patients have long been able to refuse burdensome treatment, the U.S. . . .
Environmental Factors and Coronary Disease
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Highlights
Authors: Andrew Cole, Joseph Quinn
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2016)

Hocker and coauthors document and quantify the development of atrophy over time in super-refractory status epilepticus (SRSE).This retrospective medical record review included all patients with SRSE who were admitted to a tertiary referral campus of the Mayo Clinic Hospital with SRSE from January 1, 2001, to December 31, 2013.Atrophy developed in all patients with SRSE who underwent serial imaging, despite administration of agents for seizure control.The degree of atrophy appears to be related to the duration of SRSE.
ON FORMS OF ALBUMINURIA YIELDING A FAVORABLE PROGNOSIS.
Journal: JAMA (1892)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
NURSING AND THE PHYSICIAN.
Journal: JAMA (1902)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Possible precipitation of petit mal seizures with piperazine citrate
Authors: L. N. Nickey
Journal: JAMA (1966)

SALTS OF PIPERAZINE have been used widely throughout the world since about 1950 for the treatment of helminthic infestations. Piperazine citrate (Antepar) has been in use for the past 12 years in the United States primarily as a vermifuge in the therapy of<i>Enterobius vermicularis</i>(pinworm, seatworm) and<i>Ascaris lumbricoides</i>(roundworm, eelworm). Only recently has the literature revealed that piperazine is potentially neurotoxic when given in regulated therapeutic dosage. There have been no reports of petit mal seizures brought on by therapeutic piperazine therapy. It will then be the purpose of this communication to show possible causal relationship between a well regulated patient with petit mal seizures, and the recurrence of such seizures with institution of piperazine on two occasions. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> The patient, a white girl, was first seen on June 8, 1961, at age 9 years and 6 months. She was considered in good health until
Bisphosphonates for Postmenopausal Osteoporosis
Authors: Kristine E. Ensrud
Journal: JAMA (2021)

Monika A. Izano, PhD; Joan C. Lo, MD; Annette L. Adams, PhD; Bruce Ettinger, MD; Susan M. Ott, MD; Malini Chandra, MS, MBA; Rita L. Hui, PharmD, MS; Fang Niu, MS; Bonnie H. Li, MS; Romain S. Neugebauer, PhD