tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Small-bowel endoscopy
Authors: G. Eisen
Journal: Endoscopy (2012)

The 2012 Digestive Disease Week (DDW; 19 – 22 May, San Diego, California, USA) confirmed once again that the small bowel is no longer the frontier that it had been in years past. The clinician has multiple devices available, ranging from noninvasive imaging to device-assisted enteroscopy and video capsule endoscopy (VCE). The debate continues as to which device should be used and when. There were several well-conducted randomized trials assessing this, predominantly in the management of obscure gastrointestinal bleeding (OGIB). Many abstracts also focused on the diagnosis and follow-up assessment of Crohn’s disease. As usual there have been incremental improvements in VCE; however, there were no “game changers” introduced this year.
MISCELLANY.
Authors: Albert A. Pope
Journal: JAMA (1895)

on the tumor and to percuss the terminal phalanges with the middle finger of the right hand.The hydatid resonance is more easily found than the fremitus, and may be recog¬ nized in cases in which the latter symptom is missed.In ovarian cysts containing thin fluid, hepatic abscesses, etc., neither of these symptoms was ever found.Elasticity and extensibility of the cyst wall, and clear contents are necessary for their production.-Centralblattfur innere Medicin.
Highlights
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2018)

Blayney et al asked, "What attributes of oncology practices deliver high-quality cancer care at low total cost?"They visited 7 US oncology practices with structured interview questionnaires.Five attributes distinguished high-value practices: conservative use of imaging, early discussion of treatment limitations and consequences, single point of contact, maximal use of registered nurses for interventions, and a multicomponent health care system.Three attributes, early and normalized palliative care, ambulatory rapid response, and early discussion of treatment limitations and consequences, carry high potential for lowering spending without compromising care.Sox et al provide an Invited Commentary.
Surgical treatment of complications of acute myocardial infarction
Authors: H. Bolooki
Journal: JAMA (1990)

Complications of acute myocardial infarction that develop within the first 2 weeks after its onset have been associated with a poor prognosis and dismal surgical outcome. In recent years, aggressive use of hemodynamic monitoring and interventions that improve myocardial oxygen supply and demand have noticeably altered the prognosis. Urgent relief of myocardial ischemia with coronary reperfusion has had the largest impact in improving the results. Surgical treatment of mechanical and nonmechanical complications of acute myocardial infarction requires prompt decision making and expeditious implementation. Persistent left ventricular dysfunction and cardiogenic shock are the most important factors that influence the overall results. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1990;263:1237-1240)
STAFF CORRESPONDENCE.A Visit to Yellowstone National Park.
Journal: JAMA (1894)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Lump
Authors: Rebecca E. MacDonell-Yilmaz
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2012)

Ad Libitum6 November 2012LumpRebecca E. MacDonell-Yilmaz, MD, MPHRebecca E. MacDonell-Yilmaz, MD, MPHFrom Mansfield, MA 02048.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-157-9-201211060-00004 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail I brushed my teeth forever todayworking the brush in and out, staringat the cherry-printed paper liningshelves of the rusty vanity, put thereby renters who came before usreminding me of childhood bedroomsfrom before I knew disease and fearIn my head I replayed last night overand over, our fingers working togetheracross the lump, around our questions,exploring then intertwining to tellby touch all the things left unsaidRebecca E. MacDonell-Yilmaz, MD, MPHRhode Island Hospital, Brown UniversityProvidence, RI 02903 Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Mansfield, MA 02048.Current Author Address: Rebecca E. MacDonell-Yilmaz, MD, MPH; e-mail, [email protected]. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 6 November 2012Volume 157, Issue 9Page: 610KeywordsFearTouch ePublished: 6 November 2012 Issue Published: 6 November 2012 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2012 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Anaplastic thyroid cancer: A report of six consecutive cases treated successfully with nab-paclitaxel.
Authors: Nicholas Travers, Eleanor Cronin, Mira Marinova, Peter Smith, Andrew Peter Dean
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2019)

e17586 Background: Advanced anaplastic thyroid cancer is a disease with very few treatment options. Poor response rates have been reported with cisplatin / doxorubicin and modest response noted in a single phase 2 trial with 24 hour paclitaxel infusion. The 50% response rate has not been reproduced by other investigators but raises questions about the possible utility of taxanes. Although paclitaxel is not approved for this indication in Australia, nab-Paclitaxel is available on a compassionate access scheme. We report 6 consecutive cases treated with nab-paclitaxel (as an alternative to paclitaxel infusion) who all exhibited a response to treatment. Methods: 6 consecutive patients with histologically proven advanced anaplastic thyroid cancer were assessed and imaged to document extent of disease. They were all treated with nab-paclitaxel 100mg/M2 given weekly either continuously or for 3 weeks out of every 4. Clinical and radiological response to treatment was documented. Results: The number of cycles given ranged from 3 to 8. Two patients required dose reductions due to neuropathy. Of the 6 patients; 5 had measurable metastatic disease and 5 had measurable local disease. Four patients showed clinical response to treatment with shrinkage of measurable local disease. One patient showed response to treatment with shrinkage of the primary tumour. Three patients with stridor developed considerable relief from this distressing symptom. Three patients with inoperable disease subsequently became operable and were resected to obtain local disease control. One patient with no evaluable disease after resection (Stage 4B) who received adjuvant nab-paclitaxel remains free of recurrence at 4 years. Conclusions: Anaplastic thyroid cancer is generally regarded as malignancy untreatable by chemotherapy. Our pilot series suggests nab-Paclitaxel warrants further evaluation and should be considered as a chemotherapy backline for combination with targeted agents.
Vagaries of Impaired Transporter Function in PFIC 2 and 3 *
Authors: Verena Keitel, Martin Burdelski, Dietrich Keppler, Dieter Häussinger, Ralf Kubitz
Journal: Hepatology (2005)

We thank Dr. Ostrow and Dr. Tiribelli for their comments and we appreciate the opportunity to answer some aspects of the discussion on the regulation of transport proteins in diseased human livers. Ostrow and Tiribelli may be correct that variation in age may affect the expression of transporters in liver, however, this is a hypothetical comment which cannot be tested because of ethical reasons which do not allow to perform liver biopsies in healthy children. As already pointed out in our paper1 administration of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) might contribute to changes in transporter expression (abstracts by Marschall et al.2 and by Trauner et al.3).In the paper by Marschall et al.4, which appeared after publication of our manuscript, protein levels of transporters were determined before and after UDCA treatment of apparently normal adults. An increase of MRP4 protein of only 1.6-fold was reported. This increase in response to UDCA is too low to explain the 5- to 9-fold increase of MRP4 in UDCA-treated PFIC children.1 Therefore, factors other than UDCA are likely to cause the upregulation of MRP4 in PFIC. On the basis of some of our data, Ostrow and Tiribelli speculate on potential mechanisms of jaundice in PFIC. However, we did not observe any significant correlation between bilirubin levels and protein expression of single transporters (R2 values were below 0.10 for MRP2, OATP1B1 and OATP1B3 and high bilirubin levels were associated with low expression of MRP4). Besides the concerted regulation of multiple transporters, other mechanisms, such as substrate competition, should be considered as potential causes of jaundice in PFIC. Ostrow and Tiribelli refer to the small increase in MRP1 mRNA expression in our study and mention that MRP1 exports unconjugated bilirubin from cells. We would like to stress that mRNA levels in liver tissue do not necessarily indicate the presence of MRP1 protein in hepatocytes. Indeed, we have not been able to detect MRP1 protein in human hepatocytes.5 Ostrow and Tiribelli point out that Mrp3/MRP3 upregulation occurs in Gunn rats and in patients with the Dubin–Johnson Syndrome (DJ), with PBC or with obstructive cholestasis. It is not surprising, that MRP3 was not elevated in PFIC because of the completely different genetic and pathophysiological background. The early event in PFIC is a defect in bile salt secretion while in Gunn rats, DJ, PBC or obstructive cholestasis an increase in unconjugated or conjugated bilirubin might represent the major effector of transporter regulation. Verena Keitel*, Martin Burdelski , Dietrich Keppler , Dieter Häussinger*, Ralf Kubitz* , * Klinik für Gastroenterologie, Hepatologie und Infektiologie, Heinrich Heine Universität, Düsseldorf, Germany, Pädiatrische Gastroenterologie und Hepatologie, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany, Abteilung Tumorbiochemie, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum Heidelberg, Germany.
Nuclear Medicine
Authors: Naomi P. Alazraki
Journal: JAMA (1995)

Clinical nuclear medicine continues to advance, metamorphose, and develop new approaches to diagnosis and therapy. In the past year, the most notable advances were in cardiac nuclear medicine, imaging cancer, infection, computer and instrumentation refinements for positron emission tomography (PET) and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), refinements in renal functional analysis, and continued clinical documentation of the value of PET imaging. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval of radiopharmaceuticals, marking clinical availability of new agents for all patients in the United States, is always big news in nuclear medicine. In 1994, we saw approval of the indium In 111—labeled somatostatin receptor binding agent, indium In 111 pentetreotide (Octreoscan, Mallinckrodt Inc), for imaging neuroendocrine tumors, technetium Tc 99m bicisate (Neurolite, DuPont Merck Inc) for cerebral perfusion imaging in patients with strokes, and fludeoxyglucose F 18 (formerly known as fluorodeoxyglucose F 18) for imaging metabolic alterations in the brain in patients
Pathophysiology of upper airway closure during sleep
Authors: S. T. Kuna
Journal: JAMA (1991)

While the upper airway normally remains patent during quiet breathing in wakefulness and sleep, patients with obstructive sleep apnea have repetitive periods of upper airway closure during sleep. The upper airway closures usually occur at various sites in the pharynx. The patency of the potentially collapsible pharynx during inspiration depends on the balance between subatmospheric pressure in the pharyngeal airway and airway dilating forces generated by pharyngeal muscles. The pressure required to collapse the upper airway in the absence of upper airway muscle activity, ie, closing pressure, is normally subatmospheric. In obstructive sleep apnea, positive pressures are required to maintain patency of the passive upper airway. The pathophysiologic mechanisms underlying upper airway closures during sleep form the basis for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea. In general, these treatment modalities attempt to (1) raise the pharyngeal pressure above the closing pressure, (2) decrease the closing pressure, or (3) increase upper airway muscle activity. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1991;266:1384-1389)
Radiobiology
Authors: I. Ader, C. Delmas, N. Skuli, F. Darlot, G. Favre, F. Bono, C. Toulas, E. L. C.-J. Moyal, C. M. Jackson, A. Amin, P. See, G. Pradilla, E. Tryggestad, M. Lim, C. Crisman, P. Canoll, J. Bruce
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2010)
Controlling costs: the case of Kaiser
Authors: L. Zendle
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —The article by Drs Grumbach and Bodenheimer on mechanisms for controlling costs<sup>1</sup>raises some interesting theoretical ideas about how organizational factors can be used to influence price, cost, and use. Unfortunately, the use of the Kaiser Permanente Medical Care Program as an example of supply limits to control physician use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations is incorrect. It also maligns our program, our physicians, and the processes we use to provide high quality care to our members. Our physicians have worked hard to develop clinical practice guidelines for the use of MRI scans and many other tests and treatments. These guidelines are based on scientific evidence when empirical data are available, and on a formal consensus among our physician experts when empirical data are not sufficient to create evidence-based guidelines. We make MRI machine purchasing decisions based on careful forecasts of need. These forecasts are
Maori Symbolism. Being an Account of the Origin, Migration and Culture of the New Zealand Maori as Recorded in Certain Sacred Legends.
Journal: JAMA (1927)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Comparison of abiraterone acetate (Abi) versus ketoconazole (Keto) in chemotherapy-naive patients (CN-pts) with metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC).
Authors: Avivit Peer, Avivit Neumann, Avishay Sella, Eli Rosenbaum, Victoria Neiman, Maya Gottfried, Svetlana Kovel, David Sarid, Eli Gez, Wilmosh Mermershtain, Keren Rouvinov, Michael Anthony Carducci, Mario A. Eisenberger, Victoria J. Sinibaldi, Raanan Berger, Daniel Keizman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

e16535 Background: Abi is a standard treatment (tx) in CN-pts with mCRPC. It is a potent and selective CYP 17 inhibitor. However, in many countries where abi has not been approved yet, keto is used as an alternative CYP 17 inhibitor. Preclinical data suggests that keto is a less specific and potent inhibitor of CYP 17. Clinical data (Peer et al, Prostate 2014) suggests that in docetaxel (D) refractory mCRPC, the outcome of abi tx may be superior to ketoc. However, there are limited clinical data comparing both agents in CN-pts with mCRPC. We aimed to compare the clinical effectiveness of abi vs keto in CN-pts with mCRPC, who were treated after the year 2004 (approval of D for the tx of mCRPC). Methods: Records from 72 CN-pts with mCRPC treated with abi in 5 Israeli centers were reviewed retrospectively, and matched by pre-tx risk category (favorable, intermediate, poor; Keizman, Oncologist 2012) to pts treated with keto200 - 400 mg 3x day (international database, n = 156, from 4 centers across the US and Israel). We compared the PSA response (decrease ≥ 50% from baseline), biochemical and radiological progression free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) between the groups. PFS and OS were determined by Cox regression. Results: The groups were matched by pre-tx risk category (favorable, intermediate, poor; Keizman, Oncologist 2012), based on pretreatment NLR and PSA doubling time, and the prior response to a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist. The groups were balanced regarding age (72 abi vs 70 keto), time from primary tx to disease relapse, gleason score, pre-tx disease extent (limited-axial skeleton and/or nodal vs extensive- appendicular skeleton and/or visceral), and ECOG PS. In the groups of abi vs keto, PSA response was 75% vs 47% (OR 3.8, p = 0.04), median biochemical PFS 12 vs 6 months (HR 0.62, p = 0.03), median radiological PFS 16 vs 8 months (HR 0.54, p = 0.01), median OS not reached after a median treatment time of 18 months vs 26 months, and tx interruption d/t adverse events 10% vs 22% (0R 0.65, p = 0.05). Conclusions: In CN-pts with mCRPC, the outcome of pts treated with abi may be superior to keto
Severe diarrhea in pneumococcal bacteremia
Journal: JAMA (1987)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In a recent letter, Del Rio and McGowan<sup>1</sup>report a case of watery diarrhea occurring during pneumococcal septicemia. This occurrence is not unusual. During the period from Jan 1,1979, to Dec 31,1986, we treated in an intensive care unit 86 patients who had severe pneumococcal septicemia. In seven (8%) cases there was severe watery diarrhea. <h3>Report of Cases.— Case 1.—</h3> A 56-year-old man with alcoholic cirrhosis had bilateral pneumonia and was hypotensive. He had profuse acute diarrhea, was leukoneutropenic, and had disseminated intravascular coagulation.<i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i>was grown from all blood cultures. Despite treatment with penicillin G, the patient died 12 hours later. <h3>Case 2.—</h3> An 84-year-old hypertensive man was in a febrile coma. He had no pneumonia, but did have severe watery diarrhea.<i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i>grew from blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cultures. He died six days later, having shown a flat electroencephalogram, despite
Urinary incontinence: out of the closet
Authors: J. G. Ouslander
Journal: JAMA (1989)

The involuntary loss of urine is an embarrassing and physically uncomfortable condition that affects a broad range of people, from children with persistent enuresis to otherwise healthy young and middle-aged adults to the very elderly living in the community and in nursing homes. Urinary incontinence has been the subject of considerable study by British geriatricians for more than two decades.<sup>1,2</sup>Yet, it has been only in the last few years that this prevalent, socially disruptive, and extremely costly condition has piqued the interest of researchers, health care providers, health care consumers, and the pharmaceutical and paper products industries in this country. Why has it taken so long for incontinence, which<i>Time</i>magazine has labeled "the last of the closet issues" (<i>Time</i>. October 6, 1986:69), to come out of the closet? In this issue of<i>JAMA</i>there are two articles that provide some answers and highlight several issues that illustrate
Procedures for making medical decisions for incompetent adults
Authors: J. Lynn
Journal: JAMA (1992)

In this issue ofTHE JOURNAL, Emanuel and Emanuel<sup>1</sup>present an array of concerns about the justifications for, and the effectiveness of, proxy decision making for incompetent adults. Although well founded, these concerns should not dictate any diminution of the current enthusiasm for proxy (or "surrogate") decision making. A morally justifiable and pragmatic policy for decision making for incompetent adults, at this point, will have to rely heavily on appointed and family proxies. See also p 2067. Each of us faces a high likelihood of being incapable of managing our own affairs sometime before we die. Decisions that arise at such a time still must be made, and the alternative strategies are few: (1) by proxies (including family and courts, with or without guidance from the patient in advance), (2) in advance by the patient, or (3) by community and professional guidelines. Each of these offers some likely advantages
BUDAPEST
Journal: JAMA (1933)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Omission of Author in Byline
Authors: James Kirkbride
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2018)

Hannah E. Jongsma, MPH; Charlotte Gayer-Anderson, PhD; Antonio Lasalvia, MD, PhD; Diego Quattrone, MD; Alice Mulè, MD, PhD; Andrei Szöke, MD, PhD; Jean-Paul Selten, MD, PhD; Caitlin Turner, Mphil; Celso Arango, MD, PhD; Ilaria Tarricone, MD, PhD; Domenico Berardi, MD, PhD; Andrea Tortelli, MD, PhD; Pierre-Michel Llorca, MD, PhD; Lieuwe de Haan, MD, PhD; Julio Bobes, MD, PhD; Miguel Bernardo, MD, PhD; Julio Sanjuán, MD, PhD; José Luis Santos, MD, PhD; Manuel Arrojo, MD, PhD; Cristina Marta Del-Ben, MD, PhD; Paulo Rossi Menezes, MD, PhD; Eva Velthorst, PhD; Robin M. Murray, FRS, DSc; Bart P. Rutten, MD, PhD; Peter B. Jones, MD, PhD; Jim van Os, MD, PhD; Craig Morgan, PhD; James B. Kirkbride, PhD; for the European Network of National Schizophrenia Networks Studying Gene-Environment Interactions Work Package 2 (EU-GEI WP2) Group