tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
ENCEPHALOCELE.
Authors: E. C. RUGE
Journal: JAMA (1904)

<h3>History.</h3> —The child was born after normal labor June 4, 1902. Parents healthy. No enlargement of cranium was noticed till third day, when a marked enlargement was found (goose-egg size), in the right parieto-occipital region. The base was broad (3 in.) and circular. The tumor was non-reducible. <h3>Treatment.</h3> —After the part was shaved, I applied pressure over the whole area by means of collodion and threads of absorbent cotton. The dressing was extended well over the side of the tumor so as to have a firm hold. The contraction of the collodion exerted a constant pressure which could not be displaced as the ordinary bandage could. The tumor was redressed every day, dissolving the collodion over small area, by applying sulphuric ether, and reapplying dressing immediately, continuing the process till the whole area was redressed. The recently applied collodion contracting, the encephalocele was reduced to half original size in ten days. At this
Australian Institute of Sport, Canberra.
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1989)

Sport is an integral part of Australia's heritage.When declining fortunes through the 1960s reached a crisis at the 1976 Montreal Olympics where no gold medal was won, it became evident that other countries were placing a far higher priority on sport.Concern at the country's sporting decline had earlier led to two Federal Government commissioned reports, by Bloomfield in 1973, and Coles in 1975.Their common recommendation, drawing on overseas models, was to establish a national sports institute to further the development of elite athletes and coaches.This would remedy the lack of opportunities for Australian athletes to live and train in their own country with full sport and coaching support rather than to have to go abroad to develop their talents.
Environmental Estrogens Induce Transcriptionally Active Estrogen Receptor Dimers in Yeast: Activity Potentiated by the Coactivator RIP140
Authors: Cameron Q. Sheeler, Mark W. Dudley, Sohaib A. Khan
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2000)

We used three yeast genetic systems to investigate the estrogen-like activity of octylphenol (OP), bisphenol-A (BPA), o,p'-DDT, and o, p'-DDE to induce human estrogen receptor (hER) dimerization and transcriptional activation. We have demonstrated that OP, BPA, and o, p'-DDT can induce hER ligand-dependent dimerization using a yeast two-hybrid assay. All three xenoestrogens, plus estradiol, enhanced estrogen response element (ERE)-dependent transcriptional activation of hER. In the presence of receptor interacting protein 140 (RIP140), ERE-dependent activity was dramatically amplified by 100-fold for estradiol, OP, BPA, and o,p'-DDT. A yeast whole-cell [(3)H]estradiol binding assay was developed to determine the site of interaction on the hER. We determined nonspecific binding by parallel incubations run in the presence of 5 microM unlabelled estradiol in PCY2 yeast. At the concentrations tested, unlabeled estradiol, OP, and BPA displaced [(3)H]estradiol in this binding assay, whereas the concentrations of o,p'-DDT and o,p'-DDE tested were insufficient to inhibit binding. Incubating yeast in the presence of increasing concentrations of estradiol and OP (1 microM) or BPA (1 microM) neither blocked nor altered the effect of estradiol on hER activity. We observed no agonistic activity of o,p'-DDE in any of the yeast models used. These results suggest that OP, BPA, and o,p'-DDT exert their estrogen-like activity through the ER in a manner similar to that of estradiol, and the coactivator RIP140 markedly potentiates this activity.
WASHINGTON
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
THE TREATMENT OF OBSTINATE OCCIPITOPOSTERIOR POSITIONS
Journal: JAMA (1920)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Why didn’t I see you in my clinic? Patients with HCV positive serology but never a confirmed infection. A retrospective analysis at 10 years
Authors: Matias Estevez, Ignacio Aguilar Martin, Matilde Palanca Gimenez, Beatriz Martinez Larios, Juan Jose Valverde Romera, Isabel Llamas Bellido, Katherine Gomez Torres, Francisco Javier Gallego Rojo
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2020)
Interlobar Effusion
Authors: MURRAY G. BARON
Journal: Circulation (1971)

Congestive heart failure is the most common cause of an interlobar pleural effusion. The correct diagnosis is usually evident on the lateral chest film which shows the characteristic spindle-shaped shadow within the plane of the fissure and continuous with a line of thickened pleura at one or both ends. In the frontal view, however, the identity of such an effusion, especially when it involves the long fissure, is considerably less evident. The possibility of an interlobar effusion should be considered whenever a poorly defined shadow is seen in the central portion of the lung and is associated with evidence of pulmonary congestion and cardiomegaly.
Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Wade Volwiler
Journal: JAMA (1977)

This unique book gives profuse scholarly and practical information on this neoplasm and its family of variants. Previously, only scattered reviews and small monographs on segments of these topics have appeared in journals; now, all is here together. The backbone of the volume is the superb description of gross and microscopic pathology by one of the world's recognized authorities (Dr Peters), who uses chiefly the splendid material collected over decades at the Los Angeles County Hospital and its affiliates; his presentation enlarges on previous monographs (on portions of the collection) by Edmondson in the 1950s. A splendid chapter on liver tumors of childhood accompanies this, together with chapters on mesenchymal and benign epithelial tumors. There is a scholarly review of facts and hypotheses concerning pathogenesis of experimental hepatocellular carcinoma. Other chapters cover such subjects as genetic aspects, the relationship of hepatocellular carcinoma to cirrhosis (with inclusion of epidemiologic data), a
Recent events of special interest to medication education
Authors: C. H. Ruhe
Journal: JAMA (1981)

Fiscal restraint continues to be the predominant influence on medical education at most institutions. With financial support declining at both federal and state levels, academic medical centers are seeking alternative sources of support, largely from medical practice plans and community service activities. The budget reconciliation measure adopted by Congress called for elimination of capitation aid for the next academic year. Loss of capitation support was no surprise, since medical schools had been warned as far back as 1978 by then Department of Health, Education, and Welfare Secretary Joseph Califano that this would occur. Nevertheless, the loss of such funding for general educational support will undoubtedly be difficult for many medical schools to replace. Other developments likely to affect the present and future course of medical education include the changed relationships among the major professional organizations that sponsor and support the accrediting systems, publication of and reaction to the Graduate Medical
Recently Observed Facts Relative to the Pathology of the Prostate
Authors: H. Thompson
Journal: BMJ (1861)

THE PROSTATE.UNDER this heading, I refer only to tumours which possess a so-called benign tendency.The prostate is liable to be affected by tumours of a cancerous kind, but these are very rare as compared with those now under consideration.It woould be difficult to find above thirtv recorded cases of undoubted cancer of the prostate; and a generalisation of the facts afforded by these, presents little which nieed be noted here.The simple turnours, on the otlher hand, are exceedingly common, as will be seen below.
Prevalence of nasal symptoms and their relation to self-reported asthma and chronic bronchitis/emphysema
Authors: J. Bousquet, B. Leynaert, F. Neukirch
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2002)

Prevalence of nasal symptoms and their relation to self-reported asthma and chronic bronchitis/emphysemaTo the Editor:We read with interest the paper by MONTNE ´MERY et al. [1] reporting nasal symptoms in patients with asthma and chronic bronchitis/emphysema (CBE).This study is of particular interest since it is the first, to our knowledge, to assess nasal symptoms in CBE.It seems that the results can be interpreted since an agreement of y70% was found between the diagnosis of asthma or CBE made in the study and a doctor9s diagnosis.However, some patients with CBE may be falsely classified and may have other respiratory diseases, including asthma.Moreover, patients aged 29 yrs are unlikely to have CBE and the authors showed, in another paper [2], that the prevalence of CBE was 3.3% in subjects aged between 20-29 yrs.In order to reinforce the results of the study, it would have been interesting to study the association of nasal symptoms with asthma and CBE depending on the age groups.A second point, regarding this study may be discussed.The characteristics of nasal symptoms appear to differ in asthma and CBE.In their first paper, MONTNE ´MERY et al. [2] reported "allergic eyenose catarrh (hay fever)".It would also be interesting to discuss this association with asthma and CBE.Finally the authors reported that nasal symptoms probably due to nonallergic mechanisms (provoked by cold air/damp air) were significant risk factors for asthma.This is in accordance with the results from an analysis of the European Community Respiratory Health Survey data, showing that rhinitis is associated with an increased risk of asthma in nonatopic subjects with normal immunoglobulin-E levels [3].
Cyclophosphamide pneumonitis.
Authors: G J Mark, A Lehimgar-Zadeh, B D Ragsdale
Journal: Thorax (1978)

Cyclophosphamide can rarely cause interstitial pneumonitis and fibrosis. Although it has been reported previously in patients being treated for lymphoma, it occurred in this case in a man under treatment for glomerulonephritis. The temporal sequence of the respiratory insufficiency and the histopathology, when compared to the previous examples in the literature, suggest that cyclophosphamide was aetiologically responsible for the lung disease. There may be an interval of one or more months after discontinuation of cyclophosphamide therapy before clinical or radiological improvement occurs.
On Writing the Synopsis-Abstract
Journal: JAMA (1972)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
PARIS
Journal: JAMA (1946)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Contempo 1997: Economics
Authors: Robert J. Yaes
Journal: JAMA (1997)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —The American Medical Association<i>Code of Medical Ethics</i>, like any ethical code, spells out obligations that human beings owe to other human beings, in this case, physicians to patients. When groups of people are dehumanized and thought of as objects rather than as people, ethical standards crumble. It is for this reason that I found the Contempo article on economics by Dr Reinhardt<sup>1</sup>so disconcerting. Reinhardt points out that hospital chains, health maintenance organizations, and other large corporate entities that have taken control of the US health care delivery system tend to think of patients as "biological structures that generate net cash flows" or as "insured lives... which insurance companies actively trade among themselves, often with the help of investment bankers on Wall Street." What is even more disturbing is that Reinhardt seems to imply that physicians should embrace this commercial perspective as their own. He even
A pathophysiological interpretation of unresponsiveness to spironolactone in a stepped-care approach to the diuretic treatment of ascites in nonazotemic cirrhotic patients
Authors: A Gatta
Journal: Hepatology (1991)

It has been hypothesized that the magnitude of proximal sodium reabsorption affects the response to aldosterone antagonists in nonazotemic cirrhotic patients with ascites. To verify this hypothesis, we evaluated intrarenal sodium handling by lithium clearance in 51 nonazotemic ascitic cirrhotic patients and in 23 controls who were maintained on the same low-sodium diet (80 mmol/day). Seven of 51 cirrhotic patients underwent spontaneous diuresis, whereas 44 required diuretic treatment. Treatment was started with spironolactone at a dose of 150 mg once daily. The dose was increased to 300 mg and then to 500 mg once daily if no response ensued. Cirrhotic patients who did not experience ascites mobilization with 500 mg spironolactone were then treated with a combined diuretic regimen that included spironolactone at a fixed dose (500 mg once daily) and furosemide at an initial dose of 50 mg once daily. The dose was increased to 100, 150 and 200 mg once daily if no response was noticed. Response to diuretic treatment was defined as body weight loss greater than 700 gm every 3 days until ascites became clinically undetectable. Nonresponders (43%) to spironolactone showed lower sodium fractional excretion (0.34% ± 0.28% vs. 0.80% ± 0.50%; p < 0.001) because of a lower fractional sodium delivery to the distal tubule (18.2% ± 5.8% vs. 23.4% ± 7.2%; p < 0.025) than responders. Moreover, nonresponders showed lower distal sodium reabsorption, both in absolute terms (2,360 ± 723 μEq/min vs. 3,221 ± 960 μEq/min; p < 0.01) and as a percentage of filtered sodium load (17.5% ± 5.7% vs. 23.1% ± 7.6%; p < 0.01) despite higher values of plasma aldosterone (524 ± 542 pg/ml vs. 136 ± 213 pg/ml; p < 0.025). We conclude that unresponsiveness to adequate doses of spironolactone in nonazotemic ascitic cirrhotic patients is related to a pathophysiological condition in which the role of aldosterone in renal sodium retention is limited by markedly enhanced proximal sodium reabsorption. (HEPATOLOGY 1991;14:231–236.)
Reorganized alcoholism service. Two years after
Authors: A. N. Browne-Mayers
Journal: JAMA (1973)

We tested the hypothesis that an intensification of care and assiduous follow-up provide a more effective treatment for the alcoholic patient. <h3>Historical Background</h3> The New York Hospital-Westchester Division, a 250-bed psychiatric hospital, is an integral part of the Cornell University Medical School. This hospital, formerly known as Bloomingdale's, is well known throughout the United States. During the earlier and middle years of this century, the hospital has placed considerable emphasis on the treatment of the alcoholic and, indeed, has reported its finding for changes in the therapeutic approach to alcoholism.<sup>1-4</sup> In 1944, Wall and Allen<sup>5</sup>reported a three- to five-year follow-up of 100 consecutive patients treated at the New York Hospital-Westchester Division. They reported 24% abstinent and 19% improved. Again in 1950, Prout et al<sup>6</sup>reported a follow-up on the next 100 consecutive admissions for alcoholism at New York Hospital from one to eight years postdischarge. They
Mortality From Coronary Heart Disease and Acute Myocardial Infarction—United States, 1998
Journal: JAMA (2001)

Despite improved clinical care, heightened public awareness, and widespread use of health innovations, coronary heart disease (CHD) remains the leading cause of death in the United States, and the decline in rates from CHD that began during the 1960s slowed during the 1990s. This report provides national and state-specific death rates for CHD and for acute myocardial infarction (AMI). During 2001, approximately 1.1 million persons are expected to have a CHD event. Prevention remains the key strategy for reducing CHD mortality.
Estimating the Burden of Disease from Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene at a Global Level
Authors: Annette Prüss, David Kay, Lorna Fewtrell, Jamie Bartram
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2002)

We estimated the disease burden from water, sanitation, and hygiene at the global level taking into account various disease outcomes, principally diarrheal diseases.The disability-adjusted life year (DALY) combines the burden from death and disability in a single index and permits the comparison of the burden from water, sanitation, and hygiene with the burden from other risk factors or diseases.We divided the world's population into typical exposure scenarios for 14 geographical regions.We then matched these scenarios with relative risk information obtained mainly from intervention studies.We estimated the disease burden from water, sanitation, and hygiene to be 4.0% of all deaths and 5.7% of the total disease burden (in DALYs) occurring worldwide, taking into account diarrheal diseases, schistosomiasis, trachoma, ascariasis, trichuriasis, and hookworm disease.Because we based these estimates mainly on intervention studies, this burden is largely preventable.Other water-and sanitation-related diseases remain to be evaluated.This preliminary estimation of the global disease burden caused by water, sanitation, and hygiene provides a basic model that could be further refined for national or regional assessments.This significant and avoidable burden suggests that it should be a priority for public health policy.