tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Hydrogeological Role of an Aquitard in Preventing Drinkable Water Well Contamination: A Case Study
Authors: Giansilvio Ponzini, Giovanni Crosta, Mauro Giudici
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1989)

Groundwater pollution has become a worrisome phenomenon, mainly for aquifers underlying industrialized areas. In order to evaluate the risk of pollution, a model of the aquifer is needed. Herewith, we describe a quasi-tridimensional model, which we applied to a multilayered aquifer where a phreatic aquifer was coupled to a confined one by means of an aquitard. This hydrogeological scheme is often met in practice and, therefore, models a number of situations. Moreover, aquitards play and important role in the management of natural resources of this kind. The model we adopted contains some approximations: the flow within the aquifers is assumed to be horizontal, whereas leakage is assumed vertical. The effect of some wells drilled in these aquifers is also taken into account. In order to evaluate the leakage fluxes that correspond to different exploitation conditions, we numerically solve a system of quasilinear and time-dependent partial differential equations. This model has been calibrated by the hydrogeological data from a water supply station of the Milan Water Works, where water is polluted by some halocarbons. Our simulations account for several experimental facts, both from the hydrogeological and hydrogeochemical viewpoints. Maxima of computed downward leakage rates are found to correspond with measured pollutant concentration maxima. Other results show how the aquitard can help in minimizing the contamination of drinkable water.
Young patients
Authors: C. Crisci
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Healthcare quality has yet to meet the aims of the Institute of Medicine (IOM) with respect to safety, effectiveness, patient-centeredness, efficiency, timeliness and equity. No professional curricula adequately prepare future healthcare practitioners—including medical laboratory science professionals—with all competencies necessary to deliver quality healthcare. Practicing evidence-based medicine, focusing on quality improvement, using information technology, delivering patient-centered care and working as part of interdisciplinary teams are identified by the IOM as the five core competencies that every healthcare practitioner needs to effectively provide healthcare. Medical laboratory science educators need to incorporate patient safety concepts into the curricula and include assignments to develop the IOM competencies in order to adequately prepare future practitioners to effectively practice medical laboratory science in the healthcare system of the 21<sup>st</sup> century. <b>ABBREVIATIONS:</b>IOM - Institute of Medicine, MLS - Medical Laboratory Science/Scientist, MLT - Medical Laboratory Technician, NAACLS - National Accrediting Agency for Clinical Laboratory Sciences, POC - Point of Care, RN - Registered Nurse
Suicide Prevention Among Active Duty Air Force Personnel—United States, 1990-1999
Journal: JAMA (2000)

During 1990-1994, suicide accounted for 23% of all deaths among active duty U.S. Air Force (USAF) personnel and was the second leading cause of death (after unintentional injuries) (Table 1). During those years, the annual suicide rate among active duty USAF personnel increased significantly (p<0.01) from 10.0 to 16.4 suicides per 100,000 members (Figure 1). In 1995, senior USAF leaders initiated prevention programs in several commands because of the increasing suicide rate. In May 1996, an in-depth study by a team of medical and nonmedical civilian and military experts was initiated to produce a comprehensive, communitywide prevention strategy that viewed suicide not only as a medical but a USAF problem, thus addressing overall social, behavior, and health issues (1). The plan was implemented across the entire USAF during 1996-1997. This report describes protective and prevention strategies and summarizes the study findings, which indicate that a substantial decline in the suicide rate was associated with the communitywide program.
Proctology
Authors: E. Parker Hayden
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1956)

Pilonidal DiseaseTo anyone interested in the many theories of the origin of pilonidal cysts the article by Hopping22 provides ready access to all of them. This research, based on 174 references and on microscopical examination of 133 specimens over a three-year period, with a study of 499 cases, including follow-up data, provides a worth-while source of information on this subject. In addition, Hopping praises the study of Kleckner in 1936, which was based on a composite study of 4000 cases of his own and others. Hopping's cases were treated by five different methods. Recurrence rates varied from 24 per . . .
AMPUTATIONS.
Authors: J. P. LORD
Journal: JAMA (1897)

The reasons for presenting a paper upon this particular subject are, that the writer has had a considerable experience and observation in this line of work. It is a subject which has received little attention during the period represented by the age of this society, the profession having been fully occupied, studying and discussing the newer problems in our science and art, which have brought with them pressing demands for solution. It is only necessary to turn our mental skiascope upon the history of the last decade, in order to fully perceive and appreciate its marvelous achievements in these newer fields. The development of specialism in surgery, with its perfected technique, has made its influence felt all along the line even to the "saw bones." When low, it may be said that to amputate a limb in a modern manner, that is, ideally, without drainage, and securing primary union, requires
Commentary
Authors: Patrick M. McGrady
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Professionalism vs Commercialism in Managed Care: The Need for a National Council on Medical Care-Reply
Authors: Linda Emanuel
Journal: JAMA (1997)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —A profession is supposed to uphold standards for the values and skills it professes to have. A profession is supposed to engage in dialogue with the rest of society, ensuring a proper place for its values and for the vulnerable people that the profession is there to protect. This is so, whether the dialogue is with the private sector or with government. I agree with Mr Yarmolinsky both that what the government does in health care policy is critical and that corporate health business and large employers will give a priority interest to figures from Dow Jones. These points are not mutually exclusive with the understanding and the program I have proposed, which is essentially to afford professional ethics standards a central role in the newly evolving health care system. Neither the government nor the marketplace can manage health care without the profession because, by definition, neither one has the
Long-Term Sequelae of Purulent Meningitis in the First Year of Life
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Psychology of Dreams.
Journal: JAMA (1920)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Book Reviews
Authors: Ranan Rimón, Reima Kampman, Urpu Ikonen, Mauri Reunanen, Rafaella M.A. Osti, Giancarlo Trombini, Bruno Magnani, Gordon D. Jensen, Lorne M. Hartman, Bert Garssen, Harold L. Levitan, Peter E. Sifneos, Roberta J. Apfel, Ellen Bassuk, George Fishman, Andrew Gill
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1980)
Abnormalities of Sexual Development in Male Rats with in Utero and Lactational Exposure to the Antiandrogenic Plasticizer Di(2-Ethylhexyl) Phthalate
Authors: Robert W. Moore, Thomas A. Rudy, Tien-Min Lin, Kinarm Ko, Richard E. Peterson
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2001)

Several members of the phthalate ester family have antiandrogenic properties, yet little is known about how exposure to these ubiquitous environmental contaminants early in development may affect sexual development. We conducted experiments to determine effects of in utero and lactational exposure to the most prevalent phthalate ester, di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), on male reproductive system development and sexual behavior. Sprague-Dawley rats were dosed with corn oil or DEHP (0, 375, 750, or 1,500 mg/kg/day, per os) from gestation day 3 through postnatal day (PND) 21. Dose-related effects on male offspring included reduced anogenital distance, areola and nipple retention, undescended testes, and permanently incomplete preputial separation. Testis, epididymis, glans penis, ventral prostate, dorsolateral prostate, anterior prostate, and seminal vesicle weights were reduced at PND 21, 63, and/or 105-112. Additional dose-related effects included a high incidence of anterior prostate agenesis, a lower incidence of partial or complete ventral prostate agenesis, occasional dorsolateral prostate and seminal vesicle agenesis, reduced sperm counts, and testicular, epididymal, and penile malformations. Many DEHP-exposed males were sexually inactive in the presence of receptive control females, but sexual inactivity did not correlate with abnormal male reproductive organs. These results suggest that in utero and lactational DEHP exposure also inhibited sexually dimorphic central nervous system development. No major abnormalities were found in any of eight control litters, but DEHP caused severe male reproductive system toxicity in five of eight litters at 375 mg/kg/day, seven of eight litters at 750 mg/kg/day, and five of five litters at 1,500 mg/kg/day. These results demonstrate that the male reproductive system is far more sensitive to DEHP early in development than when animals are exposed as juveniles or adults. The effects of DEHP on male reproductive organs and sexual behaviors and the lack of significant effects on time to vaginal opening and first estrus in their littermates demonstrate that DEHP (and/or its metabolites) affects development of the male reproductive system primarily by acting as an antiandrogen. The pattern of effects of in utero and lactational DEHP exposure differed from patterns caused by other phthalate esters, and the preponderance of anterior prostate agenesis appears to be unique among all chemicals. These results suggest that DEHP acts partly by mechanisms distinct from those of other antiandrogens.
Severe anemia with hemolysis and megaloblastic erythropoiesis. A reaction to nitrofurantoin administered during pregnancy
Authors: J. A. Pritchard
Journal: JAMA (1965)

MANY DRUGS can cause intense hemolysis when administered to individuals whose red blood cells (RBC) are deficient in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD).<sup>1</sup>One of these, nitrofurantoin (Furadantin) has also been suspected on at least two occasions of being etiologically associated with the development of megaloblastic anemia.<sup>2,3</sup>In the case described below, severe anemia with both intense hemolysis and megaloblastic erythropoiesis promptly followed the ingestion of nitrofurantoin by a previously nonanemic pregnant Negro woman. The anemia was rapidly corrected when the nitrofurantoin therapy was stopped and folic acid was administered. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 22-year-old Negro woman, pregnant for the fourth time, was first seen during this pregnancy in Prenatal Clinic on Aug 18, 1964, when about 27 weeks pregnant. During her third pregnancy two years before, numerous blood studies had been carried out as part of an extensive survey of the maternal hematologic changes associated with twinning. She
Animals and the Scientist: Institutional Responsibilities How to Run an Effective Animal Care and Use Committee
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1984)

Animals and the Scientist: Institutional Responsibilities How to Run an Effective Animal Care and Use Committee Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 73, Issue 4, October 1984, Page 1003, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/73.4.1003-a Published: 01 October 1984
THE ACTION OF HYPERTONIC SALT SOLUTION
Journal: JAMA (1923)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Worldwide Immunization Program Targets Hepatitis B and Liver Cancer
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1991)

Journal Article Worldwide Immunization Program Targets Hepatitis B and Liver Cancer Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 83, Issue 10, 15 May 1991, Pages 666–667, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/83.10.666 Published: 15 May 1991
Sclerodermalike esophageal disease in children breast-fed by mothers with silicone breast implants
Authors: J. J. Levine
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To determine whether breast-fed children of mothers with silicone implants are at increased risk for the development of sclerodermalike esophageal involvement compared with children not exposed to silicone implants. <h3>Design.</h3> —Case-control study. <h3>Setting.</h3> —Referral-based pediatric gastroenterology clinic. <h3>Patients.</h3> —Eleven children (mean age, 6.0 years; range, 1.5 to 13 years; six boys and five girls) referred for abdominal pain who were born to mothers who had silicone breast implants (eight breast-fed children and three bottle-fed) were compared with 17 patients (mean age, 10.7 years; range, 2 to 18 years; 11 boys and six girls) with abdominal pain who were not exposed to silicone implants. <h3>Methods.</h3> —All children underwent esophageal manometry and upper intestinal endoscopy with esophageal biopsy and were tested for antinuclear antibody and autoantibodies to Scl-70, centromere, ribonucleoprotein, Sm, Ro, La, and phospholipid. <h3>Results.</h3> —Six of the eight breast-fed children from mothers with silicone implants had significantly abnormal esophageal motility with nearly absent peristalsis in the distal two thirds of the esophagus and decreased lower sphincter pressure. Upper esophageal pressures and motility were normal. Compared with controls, the breast-fed children had significantly decreased lower sphincter pressure and abnormal esophageal wave propagation. These manometric abnormalities were not seen in the three bottle-fed children. There was no difference in the expression of autoantibodies in the breast-fed children compared with the bottle-fed children or controls. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —A relationship appears to exist between breast-feeding by mothers with silicone implants and abnormal esophageal motility. Studies evaluating larger numbers of children are needed to determine the extent of the risk. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1994;271:213-216)
A Manual of Obstetrics.
Journal: JAMA (1898)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Autopsies
Authors: George Milles
Journal: JAMA (1973)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Beauty is in the eye of the beholder; the value of an autopsy is in the intelligence of the prosector and in the concerned search for knowledge of the clinician. Without autopsies the same mistake is repeated for 20 years and called experience. The AMA Joint Commission on Accreditation has bowed to the lazy pathologist and the bored clinician.
Hyponatremic Encephalopathy After Endometrial Ablation
Authors: Stephen L. Corson
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —In their report on endometrial ablation complicated by fatal hyponatremic encephalopathy, Drs Arieff and Ayus<sup>1</sup>failed to mention that prophylaxis against this complication is the simple expedient of monitoring the difference between inflow and outflow during surgery with the deficit assumed to be intravasation. In an article in press,<sup>2</sup>we report that intravasation is more likely to occur in procedures that are of long duration, use considerable volumes of inflow, and are associated with increased bleeding. In that prospective, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study, vasopressin used at the outset was helpful in reducing intravasation. More important, however, is our disagreement over the method of therapy suggested in the article. These patients are not sodium depleted; they are water overloaded. Total body content of sodium is within normal limits. Therefore, treatment with hypertonic saline may compound the problem with respect to hypervolemia even though serum sodium levels become
PD06 (P26): Using the Vitiligo Noticeability Scale in clinical trials and clinical practice: construct validity, interpretability, reliability and acceptability
Authors: E Eadie, R Hickerson, M Conneely, R Hammond, S Tsutsumi, C Cabrera, A Wood, A Longbottom, A Parker, S Ibbotson, K Wood
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2021)
"Eczema Autolytica"
Authors: S. W. Smith
Journal: BMJ (1945)

Antipyrine elimination was studied in 29 patients with obstructive jaundice Antipyrine half-lives calculated using plasma concentrations at four and 24 hours (9short antipyrine test9) were significantly correlated with those calculated using six time points (p less than 0.001). Mean antipyrine half-life was 28.3 +/- 8 hours (standard error) and was significantly longer than in normal subjects (p less than 0.001). Antipyrine half-life did not correlate with standard biochemical liver function tests, but correlated positively with the postoperative half-time for clearance of endogenous bilirubin (p less than 0.05), and negatively with hepatic cytochrome P-450 content measured in peroperative liver biopsies (p less than 0.05). Of six patients with antipyrine half-life greater than 20 hours, four died, one preoperatively of gastrointestinal haemorrhage and three postoperatively of sepsis. Serial short antipyrine tests were performed in 13 patients before and after biliary drainage. Those with an initial antipyrine half-life greater than 15 hours showed significant changes after drainage, while those with an antipyrine half-life less than 15 hours did not. The test of antipyrine half-life may aid in selecting high risk patients with obstructive jaundice for percutaneous biliary drainage before definitive surgery, and in determining the optimal time for such preliminary biliary decompression.