tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
GONORRHEAL ARTHRITIS.
Authors: JOHN A. WITHERSPOON
Journal: JAMA (1907)

Gonorrheal arthritis is a specific infection of one or more joints, occurring as a sequela or complication of gonorrhea, usually in its subacute or chronic stages, only a very limited number of cases having been reported during the acute stage of gonorrhea. The oft repeated expression that this disease is not equal to a "bad cold" must be corrected by the profession. The falsity of this description is quickly appreciated by its unfortunate victim, should arthritis develop, as few joint troubles are so painful. The infection is transmitted usually by the blood, and therefore is a general infection in which the joint pathology is but a local manifestation, and while the local symptoms are the principal ones to attract the attention of both patient and physician, my observation is that the general system suffers far more seriously than is usually appreciated. <h3>ETIOLOGY.</h3> The infective agent is primarily the gonococci, or
Risks from polio vaccination
Authors: M. Bader
Journal: JAMA (1984)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In their response to my letter on polio vaccination during pregnancy, Goodman et al<sup>1</sup>state, "Use of the number of doses distributed gives a measure of the overall risk of vaccine-associated poliomyelitis and gives a prospective OPV [oral polio vaccine] recipient or contact of a recipient the overall odds of becoming a vaccine-associated case." The courts of the state of Washington have held that this statement was inadequate and misleading and, therefore, awarded judgment to the vaccine-associated polio victim against the vaccine manufacturer. Other parties to the litigation settled out of court, in part because that statement on the signed informed consent was regarded as indefensible. The vast majority of OPV recipients are newborns who are slated to receive four doses of OPV (five in past years) by the time they enter school. Consequently, estimation of "one case of paralytic poliomyelitis in recipients or contacts for
Laparoscopy
Authors: Beatrice Lazarus
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Letter: Clindamycin-associated colitis with toxic megacolon
Authors: M. Axelrod
Journal: JAMA (1975)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Lincomycin and clindamycin have been reported as causing a spectrum of diarrheal diseases ranging from mild nonspecific colitis to severe pseudomembranous colitis, which may be lethal.<sup>1-6</sup>We wish to report a patient presently in our care for clindamycin-induced pseudomembranous colitis complicated by toxic megacolon. <h3>Report of a Case.—</h3> A 30-year-old, previously healthy man was admitted on Jan 7, 1975, with a two-week history of diarrhea, at times bloody. Prior to admission, he had been treated in the emergency rooms of two hospitals and given a mixture of kaolin, pectin, atropine, scopolamine, and hyoscyamine (Donnagel) and a mixture of atropine sulfate and diphenoxylate hydrochloride (Lomotil), without relief. Because of worsening diarrhea, upper abdominal pain, and dehydration, he was admitted to our hospital with the diagnosis of enterocolitis. On admission, he was acutely ill and dehydrated. Pulse rate was 110 beats per minute; temperature was 37.8 C (100
The intraluminal pressure patterns in diverticulosis of the colon: Part II The effect of morphine
Journal: Gut (1964)

The intraluminal pressure patterns in diverticulosis of the colon 207 quantitative analysis of the pressure tracings failed to reveal any preponderance of waves of high intracolonic pressure in diverticulosis.The segments that actually bore diverticula did produce more waves of longer duration than other segments, but such waves represented only a small proportion of the pressure waves recorded and would not appear to be important in the genesis of diverticula.Despite the approximations inherent in its definition, the colonic motility index is the only measure so far available that allows the motor activity of two groups of colons to be compared with regard to the production of pressures.These indices were calculated and showed a considerable general measure of agreement in each group of leads, while their average values in each group of leads were very similar.This suggests that the total pressures generated or withstood by the colon in health and in diverticulosis are essentially the same under resting conditions.However, a variety of factors influences the motor behaviour of the human colon, such as eating, drinking, defaecation, and emotion (Chaudhary and Truelove, 1961; Connell, 1961).Therefore the effects of these stimuli on the pressures in the sigmoid colon deserve to be studied as it is possible that they play an important part in the aetiology of the disease by altering the intracolonic pressure patterns. SUMMARYThe herniation of the colonic mucosa in diverti- culosis may be the result of abnormally high intracolonic pressures, of weakness of the muscularis propria, or of a combination of these two factors.A systematic study has been made of the intra- luminal sigmoid pressures in diverticulosis coli and in the healthy sigmoid colon employing open-ended water-filled polythene tubes coupled to a Cambridge multi-channel pressure-recorder.Under basal conditions no evidence was obtained of any major difference in the intraluminal pressures in diverticulosis and in health when the recordings were analysed in various ways.
Abstract 5214: Targeting the estrogen receptor pathway in luminal breast cancer through inhibition of p300/CBP
Authors: Aaron Waddell, Iqbal Mahmud, Guimei Tian, Daiqing Liao
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Luminal breast cancer represents approximately two thirds of all breast cancer cases and is characterized by the expression of hormone receptors, such as the estrogen receptor alpha (ER). ERα is a member of the steroid nuclear receptor family and is involved in a hormonal signaling pathway that drives tumor growth through upregulation of genes involved in cell cycle progression, such as MYC and CCND1. Antagonists of ER function are the standard of care treatment for ER+ luminal breast cancer. However, resistance to ER antagonists is common in advanced breast cancer cases. Therefore, there is an urgent need to investigate new therapeutics that can be utilized to treat tumors that are resistant to traditional therapies. p300/CBP are two paralogous acetyltransferases that catalyze histone 3, lysine 18 and 27 acetylation (H3K18ac and H3K27ac) at promoters and enhancers to promote gene expression. ER mediated transcription is critically reliant upon the recruitment of co-activators, including p300/CBP. However, the mechanistic role of p300/CBP catalytic activity in globally regulating ER mediated transcription remains poorly understood. Inhibition of p300/CBP, as a critical co-activator of ER, potentially represents an applicable strategy for inhibiting ER function in luminal breast tumors. Importantly, the catalytic histone acetyltransferase (HAT) domain of p300/CBP is under intense investigation as a target of small molecule therapeutics in cancer. We analyzed publicly available data and report that p300/CBP are upregulated at the mRNA level in breast cancer, including the luminal subtypes, and that their expression negatively correlates with patient survival. We also found that pharmacologic inhibition of p300/CBP HAT activity in ER+ cell lines potently suppresses ER mediated transcription, downregulates ER, c-Myc and Cyclin D1 protein levels and prevents estrogen induced growth in vitro. Studies are underway to understand how p300/CBP regulates ER signaling using genetic, pharmacologic, and biochemical methods to assess the therapeutic effects of pharmacologic p300/CBP inhibition on ER+ breast cancer. (Supported by Bankhead-Coley Research Program, and James and Esther King Biomedical Research Program, Florida Department of Health) Citation Format: Aaron Waddell, Iqbal Mahmud, Guimei Tian, Daiqing Liao. Targeting the estrogen receptor pathway in luminal breast cancer through inhibition of p300/CBP [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 5214.
Back Cover: Targeting lactate dehydrogenase A (<i>LDHA</i>) exerts antileukemic effects on T‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Haizhi Yu, Yafei Yin, Yifang Yi, Zhao Cheng, Wenyong Kuang, Ruijuan Li, Haiying Zhong, Yajuan Cui, Lingli Yuan, Fanjie Gong, Zhihua Wang, Heng Li, Hongling Peng, Guangsen Zhang
Journal: Cancer Communications (2020)

The cover image is based on the Original Article Targeting lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) exerts antileukemic effects on T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia by Haiying Zhong, Ya-fei Yin, Yifang Yi et al., https://doi.org/10.1002/cac2.12080.
THE PUBLIC PRESS IN MEDICAL MATTERS
Journal: JAMA (1920)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Cost effectiveness of an intervention to increase uptake of hepatitis C virus testing and treatment (HepCATT): cluster randomised controlled trial in primary care
Journal: BMJ (2021)

Cost effectiveness of an intervention to increase uptake of hepatitis C virus testing and treatment (HepCATT): cluster randomised controlled trial in primary careIn this paper by Kirsty Roberts and colleagues (BMJ 2020;368:m322 doi:) An error in one of the economic evaluation input parameters estimated, as part of the economic analysis of the HepCATT intervention, has been identified.The adjusted probability of hepatitis C testing among participants in the control group was incorrectly calculated, owing to the incorrect covariate values being used.The corrected annual probability of testing in the control group parameter is 9.7%, rather than 9.18% as originally reported in Table S4 of the supplementary materials.The correction of this error does not change the conclusions of the cost effectiveness of the HepCATT intervention and has a negligible effect on the economic results, with the intervention being marginally more cost effective.The results have been corrected in the online version.
THE NATURE OF INFECTION AND IMMUNITY IN CHOLERA.
Journal: JAMA (1894)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Bystander effect caused by suicide gene expression indicates the feasibility of gene therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma*1
Authors: S KURIYAMA
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

In the field of gene therapy using retroviral vectors, it appears impossible to introduce a foreign gene into all target cells. Therefore adjacent cell killing, the so-called bystander effect, caused by genetically modified cells provides therapeutic advantages for gene therapy against cancers. We retrovirally transduced the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSV-tk) gene into murine and rat hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. These HSV-tk gene-transduced HCC cells were cocultured with the corresponding parental cells in the presence of ganciclovir, at a concentration not at all cytotoxic to the parental cells. When parental HCC cells were cocultured with their HSV-tk gene-transduced counterparts at a high density at which most cells were in contact with one another, they were markedly eliminated. Conversely, when cocultured at a low density at which none of the cells were in contact, a weak but statistically significant bystander effect was observed. Addition of lysates of HSV-tk gene-transduced cells in the presence of ganciclovir did not cause any killing of parental cells. Furthermore, media conditioned by transduced cells with ganciclovir exhibited weak cytotoxic effects on parental cells. These results indicate that cell-cell contact plays a major causative role in the bystander effect and that minor contributors to this phenomenon are some cytotoxic substance released from transduced cells. Importantly, the bystander effect was induced in vivo as well as in vitro. When mixtures of transduced and untransduced HCC cells were implanted into the flank region of mice, intraperitoneal ganciclovir administration considerably inhibited tumor development, indicating the feasibility of gene therapy with HSV-tk gene and ganciclovir against HCC.
Increasing the Sensitivity of the Rodent Uterotrophic Assay to Estrogens, with Particular Reference to Bisphenol A
Authors: John Ashby
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2001)

The gravimetric uterotrophic assay is currently the most well-established, short-term rodent estrogenicity assay. Increasing attention is being paid to the extent to which use of morphometric or molecular changes in the uterus could act as surrogates for the gravimetric end point of the assay, thereby perhaps increasing the sensitivity of the assay. In this paper I discuss the available data, paying particular attention to studies on bisphenol A (BPA) because it offers the largest database for consideration. I conclude that the case has yet to be made for augmenting the gravimetric end point of the uterotrophic assay. To resolve this important question, it will be necessary to conduct detailed dose-response studies where the no-observed-effect level (NOEL) for the proposed surrogate end points are compared with the NOEL for the gravimetric end point. Currently, few such studies exist, and among those that do no clear message emerges. The general trend to increasing use of molecular assays in toxicology (multigene microarrays and real-time polymerase chain reaction) emphasizes the need for clear criteria for comparing the performance of individual markers of toxicity.
DUODENAL DIVERTICULUM WITH PYLORIC ULCER
Journal: JAMA (1920)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Vascular Thievery
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A collaborative survey of 80 mutations in the BRCA1 breast and ovarian cancer susceptibility gene. Implications for presymptomatic testing and screening
Authors: D. Shattuck-Eidens
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>Objectives.</h3> —To report the initial experience of an international group of investigators in identifying mutations in the<i>BRCA1</i>breast and ovarian cancer susceptibility gene, to assess the spectrum of such mutations in samples from patients with different family histories of cancer, and to determine the frequency of recurrent mutations. <h3>Design.</h3> —Nine laboratories in North America and the United Kingdom tested for<i>BRCA 1</i>mutations in DNA samples obtained from a total of 372 unrelated patients with breast or ovarian cancer largely chosen from high-risk families. Three of these laboratories also analyzed a total of 714 additional samples from breast or ovarian cancer cases, including 557 unselected for family history, for two specific mutations that had been found to recur in familial samples. <h3>Participants.</h3> —A total of 1086 women with either breast or ovarian cancer. <h3>Main Outcome Measure.</h3> —The detection of sequence variation in patients' DNA samples that is not found in sets of control samples. <h3>Results.</h3> —<i>BRCA 1</i>mutations have now been identified in a total of 80 patient samples. Thirty-eight distinct mutations were found among 63 mutations identified through a complete screen of the<i>BRCA 1</i>gene. Three specific mutations appeared relatively common, occurring eight, seven, and five times, respectively. When specific tests for the two most common mutations were performed in larger sets of samples, they were found in 17 additional patients. Mutations predicted to result in a truncated protein accounted for 86% of the mutations detected by complete screening. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —The high frequency of protein-terminating mutations and the observation of many recurrent mutations found in a diverse set of samples could lead to a relatively simple diagnostic test for<i>BRCA 1</i>mutations. More data must be accumulated to address specifically the sensitivity and specificity of such a diagnostic testing procedure and to better estimate the age-specific risk for breast and ovarian cancer associated with such mutations. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1995;273:535-541)
Instructions for Authors
Journal: JAMA (1988)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal