tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Over-the-counter medication use among US preschool-age children
Authors: M. D. Kogan
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To estimate the prevalence of recent over-the-counter (OTC) medication use in a national sample of preschool-age children. <h3>Design.</h3> —Follow-up survey of a nationally representative sample of 3-year-old children in the US population by telephone or personal interview. <h3>Participants.</h3> —A total of 8145 children whose mothers were interviewed for the 1991 Longitudinal Follow-up to the National Maternal and Infant Health Survey. <h3>Main Outcome Measures.</h3> —Report of any OTC medications given in the past 30 days and the type of medications that the child received. <h3>Results.</h3> —During the past 30 days, 53.7% of all 3-year-old children in the United States were given some OTC medications. Among OTC medication users, the most common medications reported were Tylenol (66.7%) and cough or cold medicine (66.7%). Most respondents reported that recent child illness episodes (70%) were treated with OTC medications. After adjustment for recent child illness, women who were white (odds ratio [OR], 1.32; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.13 to 1.55), were more educated (OR, 1.58; 95% CI, 1.24 to 2.00), and had higher incomes (OR, 1.75; 95% CI, 1.33 to 2.30) were more likely to have given their child OTC medications. Women without health insurance were also more likely to have given OTC medications (OR, 1.27; 95% CI, 1.04 to 1.55). Provider visits, but not telephone calls, were associated with a reduction in OTC medication usage. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —Over-the-counter medications are an important component of health care for treating illness in US preschool-age children. The high prevalence of use has occurred despite the dearth of scientific proof for the effectiveness of certain classes of OTC medications and the risks associated with improper use. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1994;272:1025-1030)
A new method of treatment of inflammatory lesions of the female urethra
Authors: C. Rieser
Journal: JAMA (1968)

The female urethra is the homologue of the posterior urethra of the male. Vestigial remnants of the prostatic ducts and glands are part of the anatomy of the normal female urethra. These structures are predisposed to infection, both acute and chronic. A simple and successful method of treatment is aimed at complete eradication of the responsible primarily infected paraurethral ducts and glands and the dependent secondary pathologic changes of contiguous structures. Symptomatic relief, elimination of infection, and absence of recurrence in 206 patients have been impressive.
Visualizing Heart...
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Reliability of Tissue Doppler Wall Motion Monitoring After Heart Transplantation for Replacement of Invasive Routine Screenings by Optimally Timed Cardiac Biopsies and Catheterizations
Authors: Michael Dandel, Manfred Hummel, Johannes Müller, Ernst Wellnhofer, Rudolf Meyer, Natalia Solowjowa, Ralf Ewert, Roland Hetzer
Journal: Circulation (2001)

Background Invasive screenings at predefined time intervals for acute rejection and transplant coronary artery disease (TxCAD) are standard procedures. However, cardiac biopsies and catheterizations are distressing and risky for the patients and are also costly. We assessed the reliability of pulsed-wave tissue Doppler imaging (PW-TDI) for the timing of invasive examinations in heart recipients in an attempt to avoid unnecessary endomyocardial biopsies (EMBs) and catheterizations. Methods and Results PW-TDI obtained at the basal left ventricular posterior wall before 408 EMBs and 293 catheterizations was tested for its diagnostic value regarding rejection and TxCAD with the use of International Society of Heart and Lung Transplantation biopsy grading, coronary angiography, and intravascular ultrasound as standards. Early diastolic peak wall motion velocity and relaxation time showed high sensitivities for clinically relevant rejection diagnosis (90.0% and 93.3%, respectively). The negative and positive predictive values for rejection of diastolic parameter changes appeared high enough (up to 96% and 92%, respectively) to allow a reliable noninvasive PW-TDI monitoring with efficiently timed, instead of routinely scheduled, EMBs. At definite cutoff values for systolic parameters, the probability for TxCAD reached 92% to 97%. The Fisher classification functions allowed TxCAD exclusion with 80% probability. Conclusions Without diastolic parameter changes, acute rejection can be practically excluded, and serial PW-TDI can save patients from routine EMBs. The high specificity and negative predictive value for TxCAD of reduced systolic peak velocities and extended systolic time allow optimized timed catheterizations. Peak systolic velocity and systolic time allow diagnostic classifications that enable patients without known TxCAD but with high risk for catheterization to be spared routine angiographies.
Phase I Study of S-trans, Trans-farnesylthiosalicylic Acid (FTS), a Novel Oral Ras Inhibitor, in Patients with Refractory Hematologic Malignancies.
Authors: Gautam Borthakur, Farhad Ravandi, Susan O’Brien, Miloslav Beran, Betsy Williams, Howard Goldsweig, Francis Giles
Journal: Blood (2007)
Abstract 5140: Discovery of biomarkers predicting response to radiation and anti PD1 therapy in head and neck squamous cell cancer
Authors: Joon Sang Lee, Michele Sanicola-Nadel, Alexei Protopopov, Emma Wang, Joachim Theilhaber, Tun Tun Lin, Michael Korrer, Sohini Roy, Young Jun Kim, Jack Pollard
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Introduction: Treatment of head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC) frequently includes surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, targeted agents, and increasingly combination of the former with immune checkpoint inhibition. An understanding of the mechanisms mediating response to these therapies as well as biomarkers that can better tailor therapy on an individualized basis and reduce treatment-related toxicity would benefit patients. Methods: To uncover these mechanisms and biomarkers, we analyzed whole transcriptome RNA-Seq data of two different cohorts of head and neck squamous cell cancer patients: pre and post-treatment samples from radiation therapy and pre-treatment samples from anti-PD1 therapy. We evaluated the abundance of eight immune and two stromal cell populations and pathway activity changes by using Gene Set Variation Analysis (GSVA). Results and Conclusions: Following radiation genes involved in epithelial to mesenchymal transition, extracellular matrix remodeling, and wound healing are upregulated. Additionally, there is evidence of tumor microenvironment remodeling post-radiation consistent with increased fibroblast abundance and decreased immune cell infiltration. Furthermore, innately resistant tumors to anti-PD1 also display similar signatures of gene regulation, suggesting a common mechanism mediating response to both types of treatment. Notably, these signatures are strongly correlated to activation of the transforming growth factor (TGF-β) signaling pathway and suggest that attenuating its signaling may improve anti-PD-1 response and also response to radiation treatment in head and neck squamous cell cancer. Citation Format: Joon Sang Lee, Michele Sanicola-Nadel, Alexei Protopopov, Emma Wang, Joachim Theilhaber, Tun Tun Lin, Michael Korrer, Sohini Roy, Young Jun Kim, Jack Pollard. Discovery of biomarkers predicting response to radiation and anti PD1 therapy in head and neck squamous cell cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 5140.
Text-Book of Pathology.
Journal: JAMA (1925)

This textbook is based on the course by the author in the University of Glasgow, where he has been professor of pathology since 1899. It deals chiefly with the structural changes of disease, but also the clinical, the experimental and the chemical sides of pathology are considered. Systematic bacteriology is omitted; so are diseases of the special senses and of the skin, tropical diseases, systematic parasitology and systematic teratology; but the most important parasites and the chief congenital anomalies are considered briefly in connection with different organs. The subject matter falls into two main portions, corresponding roughly to general pathology and special pathologic anatomy; but no sharp distinction is drawn between the divisions. Comparatively few references are given, and little attention is given to historical matters. Most of the illustrations are original, and all are of uniform high quality and instructional value. American teachers will wish that "tuberculous" had been
Lehrbuch der inneren Medizin. Bände 1 und 2.
Journal: JAMA (1952)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Chronic Fatigue
Authors: Jeffrey A. Jackson
Journal: JAMA (1989)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The recent article by Kroenke et al<sup>1</sup>on chronic fatigue in primary care provides informative data on a common clinical problem. It certainly is no surprise that 56% of their patients had Beck Depression Inventory scores suggestive of depression. What is surprising, however, is that the authors treated only 7% of these (four patients) with antidepressant medication. This lack of prescribing antidepressants may be a major explanation for the overall poor outcome of their patients after one year of follow-up. While the authors did mention the fact (best stated by Talley<sup>2</sup>) that depressive illness is often unrecognized in primary care, their cautious interpretation of the psychometric data detracts from the emphasis that this important clinical point should receive. Unfortunately, many primary care physicians do not feel comfortable diagnosing and treating depressive illness. I believe that this is a major reason why many physicians regard such
CLUB PRACTICE AND THE REMEDY.
Journal: JAMA (1900)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
LGG-38. PROTEOGENOMICS REVEALS THREE DISTINCT BIOLOGICAL PILOCYTIC ASTROCYTOMA SUBGROUPS
Authors: Daniel Picard, Jörg Felsberg, Maike Langini, David Pauck, Viktoria Marquardt, Frauke Meyer, Anja Stefanski, Lucia Roque, Kai Stühler, Arndt Borkhardt, Guido Reifenberger, Cláudia Faria, Marc Remke
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2018)

Pilocytic astrocytoma (PA) is the most common pediatric brain tumor. Aberrant MAPK signaling, typically mediated by BRAF alterations, drives PA formation. While five-year overall survival rates exceed 95%, incompletely resected tumors recur frequently despite treatment. Therefore, we used proteogenomics to discern the biological heterogeneity of PA to improve classification of this tumor entity and identify novel therapeutic targets. Our proteogenomics approach utilizes RNA sequencing and LC/MS-based proteomic profiling and Similarity Fusion Network (SNF) analysis reveals the biological heterogeneity of PA. Integrative genomics dissects aberrant pathway activation in biological subgroups. Lastly, we utilize a drug screening pipeline to evaluate selective therapeutic activity of conventional anti-cancer and phase III/IV clinical trial drugs in PA culture models. PAs segregate into three groups with distinct clinical and molecular features. Age and tumor location are significantly associated with the SNF groups. BRAF fusions were predominantly observed in Groups 1 and 2, while Group 3 PA largely harbored other alterations leading to MAPK activation. Pathway enrichment analyses reveals genesets involved in primary ciliogenesis in Group 3, while immune response signatures, many SYK-related, are associated with Group 1. Confirming this analysis, the SYK inhibitor R788 was specifically active in Group 1, and less active in other brain tumors models (n=27). In summary, our proteogenomic approach reveals important biological heterogeneity with novel therapeutic targets emerging in PA. These biological insights may improve biological classification and reveal novel therapeutic targets specifically useful for non-resectable tumors with high risk of progressive disease.
Abstract 985: Development and validation of cell-based TFEB translocation assay in a high-content and high-throughput screening format
Authors: Li Zhang, Ruili Huang, Wen Xing Ding, Menghang Xia
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Transcription factor EB (TFEB) is a master regulator of lysosomal gene expression and mitochondrial biogenesis. Autophagy is known to act as a double edged sword in cancer. Autophagy acts as a tumor suppressor during the tumorigenesis process but it also helps to sustain the survival of already transformed cancer cells. Lysosomes sit at the end of the autophagy pathway, which is critical to meet the needs of autophagy. Therefore, small molecules that inhibit TFEB-mediated lysosomal biogenesis and autophagic degradation may be helpful for inhibiting cancer cell growth and limiting cancer progression. On the other hand, small molecules that enhance TFEB-mediated lysosomal degradation may be used to prevent tumorigenesis. In order to identify compounds that modulate TFEB translocation, an image-based TFEB translocation assay was developed in a 1536-well plate format with a GFP-TFEB stable AML12 cell line, which is an immortalized mouse hepatocyte cell line. Torin 1, a known TFEB translocation inducer, was used as positive control in the study. Torin 1 increased TFEB nuclear translocation in a concentration dependent manner with an EC50 of 150nM. To optimize the assay condition, various cell densities per well and time courses were tested. To validate this assay, a group of 384 known anticancer compounds were screened at 11 concentrations ranging from 0.8 nM to 46 μM. From this screening, we identified 25 compounds that enhanced TFEB nuclear translocation with EC50s ranging from 2 nM to 12 μM. Several known and novel TFEB inducers were among these compounds. These results demonstrate that this high-content and high-throughput assay can be used to screen large numbers of chemicals and provide a robust in vitro system to identify TFEB agonists and antagonists, which may be used to either prevent (agonists) or treat (antagonist) cancer. Citation Format: Li Zhang, Ruili Huang, Wen Xing Ding, Menghang Xia. Development and validation of cell-based TFEB translocation assay in a high-content and high-throughput screening format [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 985.
A Phase I Study of ABT-751, an Orally Bioavailable Tubulin Inhibitor, Administered Daily for 21 Days Every 28 Days in Pediatric Patients with Solid Tumors
Authors: Elizabeth Fox, John M. Maris, Brigitte C. Widemann, Wendy Goodspeed, Anne Goodwin, Marie Kromplewski, Molly E. Fouts, Diane Medina, Susan L. Cohn, Andrew Krivoshik, Anne E. Hagey, Peter C. Adamson, Frank M. Balis
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2008)

Abstract Purpose: To determine the toxicity profile, dose-limiting toxicities (DLT), and maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of ABT-751 administered orally once daily for 21 days, repeated every 28 days in a pediatric population. Experimental Design: Patients who were ≤18 years with relapsed or refractory solid tumors and who were able to swallow capsules were eligible. The starting dose was 75 mg/m2/d (n = 3) and was escalated to 100 (n = 6), 130 (n = 5), and 165 (n = 3) mg/m2/d in cohorts of three to six patients. The MTD was determined from DLTs occurring during the first treatment cycle. Results: Nineteen children (median age, 13 years; range, 5-18 years) were enrolled, and 17 were evaluable for toxicity. Diagnoses included neuroblastoma (n = 9), sarcomas (n = 9), and other solid tumors (n = 1). DLTs included fatigue, sensory neuropathy, transient hypertension, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, nausea, vomiting, dehydration, abdominal pain, and constipation. The MTD of ABT-751 administered daily for 21 days every 28 days was 100 mg/m2/d. Non-DLT at the MTD included bone marrow suppression, gastrointestinal toxicities (anorexia, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and constipation), and sensory and motor neuropathies. The median number of cycles administered was one (range, one to five). Tolerance of repeated treatment cycles was poor. Conclusion: Fatigue, hematologic, and gastrointestinal toxicities limited the tolerability of ABT-751 administered to children on the once daily for 21 days every 28 days schedule. The MTD in children with solid tumors (100 mg/m2/d daily for 21 days) was similar to the recommended dose in adults with solid tumors (200 mg fixed dose) receiving the same dosing schedule.
Masthead: (Adv. Healthcare Mater. 2/2018)
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2018)

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Gynecology
Journal: JAMA (2002)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Distinction Awards
Authors: R. E. Eban
Journal: BMJ (1964)

Examination of stereoscopic optic disc photographs allowed accurate prediction of glaucomatous and normal fields to be made in 82 and 95% of eyes respectively and for visual field loss to be correctly located in upper and lower half in 83 and 91% of cases respectively. Despite this high correlation the existence of false positive and fale negative predictions means that the total reliance on optic nerve examination without visual field estimation in the evaluation of the glaucoma patient should not be made. Optic disc examination is too insensitive for long-term follow-up of visual function in a glaucoma patient. The high correlation between the state of the visual field and the optic disc means that, in the evaluation of the visual functions of a glaucoma patient, the appearance of the optic disc and the visual field should be in agreement.