tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Ophthalmic Signs of Pituitary Adenoma
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Effect of liver transplantation on QT interval prolongation and autonomic dysfunction in end-stage liver disease
Authors: R Mohamed
Journal: Hepatology (1996)

Both a prolonged QT interval and disturbance of autonomic nervous system function are markers of poor prognosis in patients with diabetes mellitus and alcoholic liver disease (ALD). We studied the prevalence of abnormal QT interval and autonomic nervous system dysfunction in 53 consecutive patients with end-stage liver disease before and after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). The maximum QT interval in any lead (QTmax) was assessed by two independent observers. The QTmax, corrected for heart rate (QTcmax) was prolonged in 44 patients (83%), although increased QT dispersion was not found. There was a significant correlation between the QTcmax and Child-Pugh score but not with etiology. Evidence of parasympathetic dysfunction was present in 41 patients (77%), and sympathetic dysfunction was present in 20 patients before OLT. Fifty-two patients underwent transplantation. There was significant improvement in the QTcmax interval after OLT (P < .001); 32 of the 44 patients with prolonged QTcmax (> 440 milliseconds) improved. Repeat testing was not performed in 7 patients, because they had died or had not undergone transplantation. Indices of parasympathetic function improved in 27 patients after OLT, but no improvement was observed in 8. Improvement in sympathetic dysfunction was observed in 13 of the 19 patients tested. There was no association between QTcmax, autonomic dysfunction, and survival. These results suggest that both prolonged QTcmax and some tests of autonomic function are temporary and arise as a consequence of liver dysfunction.
Neointimal hyperplasia after intravascular ultrasound-guided stent placement in a porcine model: In search of optimal balloon sizing Robert J. Russo, Joseph C. Apostol, Elizabeth Kaback, Patricia D. Silva, Mark Yeager, Scripps Clinic, La Jolla, CA, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
The Transmission of AIDS: The Case of the Infected Cell-Reply
Authors: Jay A. Levy
Journal: JAMA (1988)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> I appreciate the comments by Dr Robbins and Drs Cocchi and Cocchi. Because the major source of HIV transmission in seminal fluid is infected cells, my remark about nonoxynol 9 was made specifically to underline this point. The effect of nonoxynol 9 has been documented only on infectious virus, not on infected cells. In fact, there have been no clinical studies showing that this compound helps prevent HIV transmission. Thus, one cannot assume that nonoxynol 9 is an effective means of protection against the sexual transmission of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. The presence of HIV in milk has been reported.<sup>1,2</sup>It can be found as free virus as well as associated with infected cells. Nevertheless, the level of infectious virus appears to be low. Certainly, new-borns with a less developed gastric mucosa may not have sufficient acid to kill virus or virus-infected cells. Therefore, the greatest risk for
REFLEX NEUROSES.
Authors: JAMES K. KING
Journal: JAMA (1895)

The intricate and complex nature of reflex nervous diseases and the difficulties in the way of studying any pathologic changes that may exist, make them the most complicated of any we have to treat. The long, patient and exhaustive line of experiments, tending to unfold the reflex nerve phenomena, has thrown much light on this subject. You are all familiar with these scientific investigations. When we pass from the physiologic to the pathologic field of investigation we find it still more unfruitful in clearing up our doubts, just as all morbid processes are more difficult to unravel than purely physiologic ones. When the reflex stimulation is increased, there is an increase of the peripheral irritation somewhere, but where, is the difficult question to settle. Reflex irritation means often an increase in the irritability of the afferent or efferent tract. It may mean an increased irritability of the gray matter of
OC-058 All-cause mortality following percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy in England: analysis of hospital episode statistics linked to death registration data (2006–8)
Authors: K Bodger, K Bowering, E Thompson, M Pearson
Journal: Gut (2010)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Doctors, patients and carers need realistic expectations of outcome when considering percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) placement but large-scale studies of patient factors associated with mortality risk are lacking. Hospital Episode Statistics (HES) contain details of all episodes of care undertaken in NHS hospitals in England. We linked this data set to death registrations to perform a national-level analysis. <h3>Methods</h3> Aims:(a) Determine feasibility of analysing post-PEG mortality (at 7 d and 30 d) using HES data linked to Office of National Statistics (ONS) death certification; b) Identify factors associated with mortality. We linked HES data for 2006/7 and 2007/8 to ONS status. Care episodes (incl. day cases) containing OPCS-4 codes for gastrostomy-related interventions were extracted and deaths identified. Diagnostic fields (ICD-10 codes) were analysed for indication and comorbidity. Factors associated with death were identified by univariate and multiple logistic analyses. Crude mortality rate at each hospital Trust was analysed vs PEG number to explore “volume” effect. <h3>Results</h3> 30 781 patients had gastrostomy-related procedure codes of which 14 055 were coded with G44.5 (“fibreoptic endoscopic percutaneous insertion of gastrostomy (PEG)”). Excluding cancer (eg, PEG pre-op for ENT surgery) yielded 10 952 PEG patients (mean age 68.4, range 16–99 years); male, 51%; emergency admission, 72%; stroke, 40%; motor neurone disease (MND), 7.2%; Parkinson9s disease, 5.4%; multiple sclerosis, 4.9%; dementia, 7.2%). All-cause mortality rate: 4.2% (7 d) and 14.6% (30 d). Binary logistic regression identified predictors of 30 d death (OR with 95% CI, p&lt;0.03 for all): age, 6.8 (5.3 to 8.7) for 85+ years vs &lt;55 years; male sex, 1.3 (1.1 to 1.4) vs female; emergency admission, 2.2 (1.9 to 2.6) vs elective; MND diagnosis, 1.3 (1.1 to 1.7) vs not MND; dementia diagnosis, 1.2 (1.03 to 1.5) vs not dementia. In elderly patients (85+) during emergency admissions, dementia was associated with 7 d mortality of 14.6% compared to 7.8% in stroke. No correlation for 30 d death vs PEG volume at each NHS trust (Pearson r=0.04). <h3>Conclusion</h3> This national-scale linkage analysis provides real-world estimates of prognosis in subjects selected for PEG in England and identifies factors associated with all-cause death. Elderly subjects with dementia are a high-risk group and present an ethical dilemma for PEG placement. This is the largest-scale UK-based study available for all-cause mortality after PEG and provides a model for predicting outcome using simple variables. Hospital-level data will be shared with front-line teams to seek local interpretation of the data.
The Air We Breathe
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Hepatic ischemia in dogs
Authors: W. M. Backlund
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Hepatic ischemia produces many physiological: alterations, and death occurs if occlusion of the vascular inflow is prolonged. The period of occlusion which may be tolerated in dogs is increased by decompression of the portal venous system to prevent venous congestion of the intestinal tract. Jolly and Foster<sup>1</sup>reported uniform survival when occlusion was maintained for less than 49 minutes if portal venous decompression was accomplished, while Raffucci and Wangensteen<sup>2</sup>obtained uniform survival without portal decompression only if occlusion was less than 20 minutes. One of the problems which has been the subject of study is the development of shock at the time of release of clamps occluding the vessels. In fact, it has been ascertained that animals survive longer when complete occlusion of the hepatic vascular inflow is maintained than when a period of occlusion is followed by release of the clamps. The shock which develops may be
Acute pancreatitis with infectious hepatitis
Authors: J. L. Achord
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Four patients had evidence of acute pancreatitis occurring during infectious hepatitis. Paper electrophoresis of serum and urine of one patient revealed migration patterns of amylolytic activity identical to those of saline extracts of human pancreas. Definite gross and histologic pancreatitis was seen at autopsy in two patients who died of acute fulminant hepatitis. The fourth patient had only mild increases in the level of urine amylase but a classical "reversed 3 sign" on roentgenograms of the uppergastrointestinal tract, that largely disappeared in eight days.
News from the American Heart Association
Authors: Richard Hurley
Journal: Circulation Research (1964)

Six Clinical Sessions of particular interest to practicing physicians will be held simultaneously with scientific programs on various phases of cardiovascular research during the 37th annual Scientific Sessions of the American Heart Association.The sessions are scheduled from October 23-25 at Convention Hall, Atlantic City, N. J. Headquarters hotel will be the Chalfonte-Haddon Hall.Panels, symposia, lectures and papers on related investigations will be presented at each of the Clinical Sessions.The Association's eight Councils will sponsor concurrent scientific reports on basic cardiovascular research.The American Academy of General Practice has approved Category II credit for its members attending the sessions.The program will also include Saturday evening Cardiovascular Conferences for informal group discussion of timely problems and an all-day showing of cardiovascular films.The deadline for receiving abstracts of papers to be presented at the Scientific Sessions is May 15, 1964.Papers should be based on original investigative work in the cardiovascular or related fields.Abstracts are limited to 250 words, and must include a brief summary of results obtained and conclusions drawn.
Neurogastroenterology/Motility free papers 001-011
Authors: S Parry, J Barton, M Welfare, I Mohammed, L Cherkas, S Riley, T Spector, N Trudgill, S Lal, J Mclaughlin, G Giampaolo, G Dockray, A Varro, D Thompson, J Jones, D Kendall, P Millns, C Hawkey, S Dunlop, D Jenkins, R Spiller, L Gregory, L Yaguez, S Coen, E Amaro, S Smale, A Hobson, S Williams, Q Aziz, V Chudleigh, E Brennan, S Tarry, S Myers, S Lewis, G Smith, K Palmer, Z Khan, E Simpson, A Cole, I Macdonald, D Pye, A Austin, J Freeman
Journal: Gut (2002)

Introduction: Previous studies, many uncontrolled, suggest 4 to 32% of people develop irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) after ID.Little information is available on the development of other FGIDs after ID.Aim: To determine if patients with stool culture confirmed bacterial diarrhoea were more likely to develop gut symptoms consistent with a diagnosis of IBS, functional dyspepsia or functional diarrhoea at 3 and 6 month follow up compared with community controls.Methods: A prospective community-based case-control study over one year.Subjects with stool positive bacterial infectious diarrhoea and control subjects from the same primary care practice were invited to participate.The presence or not of IBS, functional dyspepsia or functional diarrhoea was diagnosed at the start and at follow up using self-complete Rome II modular questionnaires.The diagnosis of a baseline FGID excluded subjects from continuing.There were 128 cases and 219 community controls eligible and who consented to participate.Results: At follow up there was a higher incidence of FGIDs in the cases compared with controls, mainly due to a higher incidence of IBS (see table ).There was no difference in the incidence of functional dyspepsia between cases and controls.Conclusions: IBS and functional diarrhoea is diagnosed more frequently in people at three and six-month follow up after an episode of stool positive bacterial diarrhoea compared with community controls despite careful exclusion of people with pre-existing FGIDS and adds further support for the concept of post-infectious IBS.
Veterinary Hematology
Authors: Bernard F. Trum
Journal: JAMA (1962)

The book, first of its kind to be published in the United States, provides an excellent reference for the scholar and clinician in hematology of domestic animals. The hemocytology of the dog, cat, cattle, horses, sheep, goats, and swine is adequately reviewed. There is a concise explanation of hematopoiesis, and the significance of morphologic changes is explained in terms of clinical experience and case histories. There is an excellent chapter on materials and methods for the examination of blood. Other sections cover the description and nomenclature of cells, the normal blood values, and the qualitative or quantitative changes in morphology found in common diseases. We regret the inclusion of much narrative and unsubstantiated explanations of a<i>post hoc ergo propter hoc</i>nature. References in the text are often unanalyzed clinical observations and are given the same weight as statistically significant data. While there has been an adequate coverage of the
Authors' response
Authors: D. C. Cowan, D. R. Taylor
Journal: Thorax (2010)

The localization of specific mRNAs and their local translation in growth cones of developing axons has been shown to play an important mechanism to regulate growth cone turning responses to attractive or repulsive cues. However, the mechanism whereby local translation and growth cone turning may be controlled by specific mRNA-binding proteins is unknown. Here we demonstrate that brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) signals the Src-dependent phosphorylation of the β-actin mRNA zipcode binding protein 1 (ZBP1), which is necessary for β-actin synthesis and growth cone turning. We raised a phospho-specific ZBP1 antibody to Tyr396, which is a Src phosphorylation site, and immunofluorescence revealed BDNF-induced phosphorylation of ZBP1 within growth cones. The BDNF-induced increase in fluorescent signal of a green fluorescent protein translation reporter with the 3′ untranslated region of β-actin was attenuated with the Src family kinase-specific inhibitor PP2 [4-amino-5-(4-chlorophenyl)-7-(<i>t</i>-butyl)pyrazolo[3,4-<i>d</i>]pyrimidine]. Furthermore, a nonphosphorylatable mutant, ZBP1 Y396F, suppressed the BDNF-induced and protein synthesis-dependent increase in β-actin localization in growth cones. Last, the ZBP1 Y396F mutant blocked BDNF-induced attractive growth cone turning. These results indicate that phosphorylation of ZBP1 at Tyr396 within growth cones has a critical role to regulate local protein synthesis and growth cone turning. Our findings provide new insight into how the regulated phosphorylation of mRNA-binding proteins influences local translation underlying growth cone motility and axon guidance.
Survival from in-hospital cardiac arrest with interposed abdominal counterpulsation during cardiopulmonary resuscitation
Authors: J. B. Sack
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To determine whether interposed abdominal counterpulsation (IAC) during standard cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) improves outcome in patients experiencing in-hospital cardiac arrest. <h3>Design and Setting.</h3> —Randomized controlled trial in a university-affiliated hospital. <h3>Patients.</h3> —Patients experiencing in-hospital cardiac arrest during a 6-month period. <h3>Interventions.</h3> —Patients were randomized to receive either IAC during CPR or standard CPR in the event of cardiac arrest. Abdominal compressions were performed during the relaxation phase of chest compression, corresponding to CPR diastole, at a rate of 80/min to 100/min. <h3>Main Outcome Measures.</h3> —The three end points studied were (1) return of spontaneous circulation, (2) survival 24 hours after resuscitation, and (3) survival to hospital discharge. In addition, we examined neurological outcome in those patients surviving to hospital discharge. <h3>Results.</h3> —During the study period there were 135 resuscitation attempts in 103 patients. Return of spontaneous circulation was significantly greater in the group receiving IAC during CPR than in the group receiving standard CPR (51% vs 27%,<i>P</i>=.007). At hospital discharge, a significantly greater proportion of patients was alive in the IAC group than in the control group (25% vs 7%,<i>P</i>=.02). Eight (17%) of 48 patients who received IAC during CPR survived to hospital discharge neurologically intact, compared with only three (6%) of 55 patients from the standard CPR group (not significant). <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —We conclude that the addition of IAC to standard CPR may improve meaningful survival following in-hospital cardiac arrest. The optimal use of this technique awaits further clinical trials. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1992;267:379-385)
Diseases of Women. A Clinical Guide to Their Diagnosis and Treatment.
Journal: JAMA (1903)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
1655 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BOSTON SESSION
Journal: JAMA (1921)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Basal cell carcinoma: an emerging epidemic in women in Iceland
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2020)

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common type of skin cancer and largely caused by ultraviolet radiation (UVR), such as from the sun or tanning beds. While it rarely spreads throughout the body, it can be locally destructive (i.e. at the site of the cancer) and can cause serious harm to patients.
The practicality of renal autotransplantation in humans
Authors: V. F. Marshall
Journal: JAMA (1966)

THE transplantation of organs from one location to another within the same body, autotransplantation, has been a clinical possibility at least since 1908, the time of Carrel's classical work on vascular anastomoses.<sup>1</sup>The kidneys seem particularly attractive for autotransplantation because of their value and because the artery and vein are usually single and of good size. The principal clinical objective is, of course, the preservation of renal function; but autotransplantation has been carried out experimentally in animals for a variety of reasons.<sup>2,3</sup>Why renal autotransplantation has been so rarely attempted is not altogether clear, but lack of familiarity with the surgical technique has almost certainly been a major deterrent. One important benefit of experience in renal homotransplantation (between individuals of the same species), and heterotransplantation (between individuals of different species), is a familiarity with and a perfection of the surgical technique permitting autotransplantation (removal and planting in a