tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Avelumab in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC).
Authors: Farhad Fakhrejahani, Ravi Amrit Madan, William L. Dahut, Marijo Bilusic, Fatima Karzai, Lisa M Cordes, Julius Strauss, Jeffrey Schlom, James L. Gulley
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

5037 Background: Despite recent progress, mCRPC remains a lethal disease. While programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) and PD-1 ligand (PD-L1) inhibitors have shown activity in variety of cancers, to this point there is minimal evidence of activity in mCRPC. This is a report of avelumab, anti-PDL1 in mCRPC patients (pts). Methods: This is an expansion cohort of the first in human, phase I trial (JAVELIN Solid Tumor; EMR100070-001) that evaluated 10 mg/kg of avelumab in pts with mCRPC who had progressive disease (PD) on previous treatment. Pts who had PD on an androgen receptor antagonist (ARA) could enroll on trial and continue their ARA. Avelumab was administered as a 1-hour intravenous infusion every 2 weeks (w) with restaging scans every 6 w. Prostate cancer working group 2 criteria were used to determine PD. Results: 18 patients were enrolled on this cohort; the median age of pts was 67 years. Median on study PSA was 11ng/mL. 11 pts had Gleason score (GS) ≥ 8 and 7 had GS of 7. 3 pts had previous chemotherapy with docetaxel, 8 pts received previous vaccine treatment including 4 pts with sipuleucel-T and 4 pts with Prostvac. Overall avelumab treatment appears safe and tolerable. 15 pts experienced grade ≤ 2 treatment related adverse events (TRAEs), fatigue being the most common one. 4 pts developed treatment related hypothyroidism, 3 with grade 2 and 1 with grade 1. In addition, 2 pts had grade 3 asymptomatic TRAEs (amylase &amp; lipase elevations). 7 pts had stable disease (SD) &gt; 24 w post treatment, 6 pts had PD after first restaging scans at 6 w which was reconfirmed in 2 nd restaging scan at 12 w. PSA doubling time (PSADT) prior to avelumab was compared with PSADT after 3 months (m) of treatment. Among 17 pts with available data, 3 pts had a prolonged PSADT which was defined at 3 m (twice as high as on-study PSADT), 7 pts had stable PSADT and 7 had decreased PSADT. 5 of 18 pts enrolled while on enzalutamide with a rising PSA. Among these pts 1 had prolonged PSADT, 2 had a stable PSADT and 2 with decreased PSADT after 3 m of follow up. 3 of 5 pts had SD &gt; 24 m, 1 had SD for 13 w and 1 had PD at first restaging scans. Conclusions: These data provide safety data of avelumab on a population of pts with mCRPC. Immune analysis is under way to determine correlation with immune responses in the pts on this trial that had prolonged SD. Clinical trial information: NCT01772004.
World TB Day — March 24, 2016
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2016)

After 2 decades of progress toward tuberculosis (TB) elimination with annual decreases of ≥0.2 cases per 100,000 persons (1), TB incidence in the United States remained approximately 3.0 cases per 100,000 persons during 2013-2015.Preliminary data reported to the National Tuberculosis Surveillance System indicate that TB incidence among foreign-born persons in the United States (15.1 cases per 100,000) has remained approximately 13 times the incidence among U.S.-born persons (1.2 cases per 100,000).Resuming progress toward TB elimination in the United States will require intensification of efforts both in the United States and globally, including increasing U.S. efforts to detect and treat latent TB infection,
A NEW METHOD FOR THE DETERMINATION OF CALCIUM AND THROMBIN IN SERUM
Journal: JAMA (1922)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
HIGHER MEDICAL EDUCATION IN CHICAGO.
Journal: JAMA (1898)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Smoking and coronary heart disease mortality in the elderly
Authors: C. L. Jajich
Journal: JAMA (1984)

Data from a longitudinal study of 2,674 persons aged 65 to 74 years were analyzed to ascertain whether cigarette smoking retained its adverse effect on survival in an elderly population. Current cigarette smokers had a risk of coronary heart disease death 52% higher than nonsmokers, exsmokers, or pipe and cigar smokers. The excess risk of mortality declined within one to five years after smoking cessation. Even elderly smokers should be encouraged to quit. (<i>JAMA</i>1984;252:2831-2834)
Necrotising fasciitis with anti-TNF-alpha
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2002)

Objectives: To investigate the effect of prolonged neutralisation of tumour necrosis factor α (TNFα) on the radiological course in rheumatoid arthritis (RA).To assess whether the radiological course can be predicted by clinical variables or biological markers of cartilage and synovium turnover and of endothelial activation.Patients and methods: Forty seven patients with active RA enrolled at our centre in monotherapy trials with adalimumab (D2E7), a fully human anti-TNFα monoclonal antibody, were studied for two years.Radiographs of hands and feet obtained at baseline and after one and two years were scored in chronological order by a single, blinded observer using the modified Sharp method.Radiological course was classified as stable or progressive using the smallest detectable difference as cut off point.The relation between radiological course and serum markers of cartilage and synovium turnover (metalloproteinases (MMP-1 and MMP-3), cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP), human cartilage glycoprotein-39 (HC gp-39)), endothelial activation (soluble E-selectin and intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM-1)), and integrated measures of disease activity were assessed using univariate and multivariate analysis.Results: Radiological evaluation was performed in 36 patients with paired sets of radiographs at baseline and two years.After two years a total of 15/36 (42%) presented no radiological progression.More patients with stable radiological course were still receiving anti-TNFα treatment after two years (13/15 (87%) v 11/21 (52%); p=0.03) and had lower baseline COMP and sICAM-1 levels (p=0.01 and 0.04, respectively) than those in the group with progressive disease.In a logistic regression model the combination of sustained TNF neutralisation and baseline COMP and sICAM-1 levels was predictive for radiological outcome (p=0.03).C reactive protein and disease activity score area under the curve were significantly correlated with changes in radiological scores after two years (r=0.40 and 0.37, p<0.05).Long term TNFα neutralisation decreased the levels of COMP, sICAM, MMPs, and HC gp-39, but not sE-selectin. Conclusion:The results suggest that long term monotherapy with anti-TNFα has a positive effect on radiological outcome and modulates cartilage and synovium turnover as measured by biological markers.Baseline serum sICAM-1 levels and COMP levels may be helpful to identify patients with progressive or non-progressive radiological outcome. . . . .
A Study of Acute Respiratory Disease in Families Exposed to Different Levels of Air Pollution in the Great Salt Lake Basin, Utah, 1971-1972 and 1972-1973
Authors: Gory J. Love, Shu-Ping Lan, Carl M. Shy
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1982)

The reported incidence of acute respiratory illness in families exposed to different concentrations of air pollution was studied during two consecutive school years. The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of increased exposure to sulfur dioxide and suspended particulate matter. In each of four study communities, the mothers of approximately 250 white families were contacted biweekly to obtain information regarding the occurrence of respiratory symptoms in each family member. Annual mean ambient sulfur dioxide concentrations in one community for the three years included in the study (1971-1973) were well above the current air quality standard of 80 micrograms/m3, while in the other three communities the annual sulfur dioxide concentrations were much lower (usually less than 40 micrograms/m3). Suspended particulate matter concentrations in high sulfur dioxide community were close to the limit designated by the annual standard (75 micrograms/m3) but actual exposures in the four communities probably were not excessive. Regression analyses of the data collected showed inconsistent associations between illness rates and educational attainment of the head of household, crowding in the home, bronchitis in parents or smoking of parents. However, once the effects of these factors were removed the adjusted rates showed little association with community of residence. It was concluded that the higher concentrations of sulfur dioxide in the Utah atmosphere could not be the cause of increases in acute respiratory illness in the exposed populations.
Psychological effects of diethylstilbestrol exposure
Authors: R. W. Schwartz
Journal: JAMA (1977)

. The psychological response of daughters and their mothers to discovery of in utero diethylstilbestrol (DES) exposure was studied. At the DES Colposcopy Clinic, 41 daughters and 20 mothers were extensively interviewed. Twelve patients with abnormal cytology tests were controls. Initial anxiety was usually followed by acceptance of the condition after examination and counseling. Patients responded best when informed of their problem by their mothers and when the relationship between mother and daughter was good. The majority of patients found colposcopy to be unpleasant; they tended to be disturbed in proportion to the degree of being upset about DES exposure. The most common problem among mothers was guilt. A questionnaire survey of physicians showed that they had less concern for psychological problems than patients or mothers did. Sensitivity and good communication on the part of medical personnel are recommended. (<i>JAMA</i>237:252-254, 1977)
Early use of x-ray machines and electrocardiographs at the Pennsylvania Hospital 1897 through 1927
Authors: J. D. Howell
Journal: JAMA (1986)

TODAY physicians accept machines as a desirable part of medical practice and use them to care for patients throughout the United States. Such was not always the case. Medical technology has been widely used only since the early 20th century.<sup>1,2</sup>Many turn-of-the-century machines found their way into the growing number of hospitals.<sup>3-5</sup>Perhaps the machines that had the greatest impact were those that revealed parts of the human body previously hidden from view, such as the x-ray machine, or made visible otherwise imperceptible actions of the body, such as the electrocardiograph. This article examines how the x-ray machine became a part of routine patient care at the Pennsylvania Hospital, Philadelphia, between 1897 and 1927, and compares that process with the introduction of the electrocardiograph. It differs from most previous historical analysis of medical technology by focusing on how these instruments were actually used, not on how they were
Association of Breast Cancer DNA Methylation Profiles with Hormone Receptor Status and Response to Tamoxifen
Authors: Martin Widschwendter, Kimberly D. Siegmund, Hannes M. Müller, Heidi Fiegl, Christian Marth, Elisabeth Müller-Holzner, Peter A. Jones, Peter W. Laird
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

Abstract We have generated DNA methylation profiles of 148 human breast tumors and found significant differences in hormone receptor (HR) status between clusters of DNA methylation profiles. Of 35 DNA methylation markers analyzed, the ESR1 gene, encoding estrogen receptor α, proved to be the best predictor of progesterone receptor status, whereas methylation of the PGR gene, encoding progesterone receptor, was the best predictor of estrogen receptor status. ESR1 methylation outperformed HR status as a predictor of clinical response in patients treated with the antiestrogen tamoxifen, whereas promoter methylation of the CYP1B1 gene, encoding a tamoxifen- and estradiol-metabolizing cytochrome P450, predicted response differentially in tamoxifen-treated and nontamoxifen-treated patients. High levels of promoter methylation of the ARHI gene, encoding a RAS-related small G-protein, were strongly predictive of good survival in patients who had not received tamoxifen therapy. Our results reveal an as yet unrecognized degree of interaction between DNA methylation and HR biology in breast cancer cells and suggest potentially clinically useful novel DNA methylation predictors of response to hormonal and non-hormonal breast cancer therapy.
Error in Table 1
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2016)

Kerstin Hellwig, MD; Milena Rockhoff, MD; Sandra Herbstritt, PharmD; Nadja Borisow, MD; Aiden Haghikia, MD; Birte Elias-Hamp, MD; Sylvia Menck, MD; Ralf Gold, MD; Annette Langer-Gould, MD, PhD
Medicare
Authors: Robert R. Kulesher
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Sulfisoxazole-Induced Thrombocytopenic Purpura
Authors: Henry E. Hamilton, Raymond F. Sheets
Journal: JAMA (1978)

During treatment of brucellosis with sulfisoxazole, tetracycline, and streptomycin sulfate, severe thrombocytopenic purpura developed in a young farmer. Verification for an immune mechanism was provided by clinical challenge with a small dose of sulfisoxazole that caused recurrence of thrombocytopenia and by serologic laboratory test results that detected a serum factor causing platelet agglutination requiring the presence of sulfisoxazole. The original antigenic stimulation was considered to come from drinking cows' milk contaminated with sulfonamide drugs. Cross-reactivity with some other sulfonamide drugs was demonstrated. (<i>JAMA</i>239:2586-2587, 1978)
Government Services
Journal: JAMA (1935)

<h3>Positions Open in Civilian Conservation Corps</h3> Eight hundred physicians will be added to the Civilian Conservation Corps under an expansion program, which will increase the corps to 600,000 members, it is announced. At present there are 1,600 physicians in 1,625 camps and military hospitals throughout the country. It is planned to increase the number of camps to 2,917 by August 1. The operation of the camps and the enrolment of physicians are in charge of the various corps area commanders. General medical supervision is under the direction of Major Gen. Charles R. Reynolds, surgeon general of the army. It is the policy of the war department to select physicians for service with the Civilian Conservation Corps who are members of the medical reserve corps, but in some communities part time contract physicians will be employed who may not be members of the reserve corps. Medical department reserve officers training corps
Endoscopic diagnosis and treatment of upper gastrointestinal tumors
Authors: M Polkowski
Journal: Endoscopy (2006)

The purpose of this article is to sum up the research on advanced endoscopic techniques used to diagnose and treat tumors of the upper gastrointestinal tract presented at this year’s Digestive Disease Week (DDW), held in Los Angeles. Twenty papers selected from 155 screened (Figure [1]) are discussed in detail, in sections devoted to the diagnosis of cancer and precancerous lesions [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8], endotherapy for early cancer and precancerous lesions [9] [10] [11] [12] [13] [14] [15] [16] [17] [18], and endotherapy for advanced cancer [19] [20]. This review does not cover research on the use of biomarkers for endoscopic diagnosis of Barrett’s dysplasia and cancer.
Over-the-counter daytime sedatives. A controlled study
Authors: K. Rickels
Journal: JAMA (1973)

A two-week double-blind clinical trial, conducted with 166 general-practice patients displaying mild to moderate symptoms of anxiety and tension, compared the relative safety and efficacy of Compoz, the largest-selling over-the-counter daytime sedative; aspirin, used by many for tension relief; chlordiazepoxide; and placebo. More side effects were reported with Compoz and chlordiazepoxide than with either aspirin or placebo. Neither Compoz nor aspirin could be differentiated from placebo, while chlordiazepoxide produced significantly more symptomatic relief than Compoz, aspirin, or placebo. Further studies of daytime sedatives are considered necessary to protect the public from medications of questionable safety and efficacy.
Belief in alien UFOs deep in American psyche
Authors: L. Lamberg
Journal: JAMA (1997)

BELEAGUERED astrophysicists are all too familiar with UFO theories like the one that figured in the suicides of 39 members of the Heaven's Gate cult in March. At Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md, site of the Space Telescope Science Institute that operates the Hubble Space Telescope, Hal Weaver, PhD, found his e-mail this spring peppered with inquiries about Comet HaleBopp. Some writers accused Weaver, a research scientist in the Department of Physics and Astronomy, with conspiring to withhold Hubble images of UFOs accompanying the comet. "Most were very angry," Weaver said in an interview. Some, however, felt that he was being coerced into suppressing data and told him he would be in their prayers. Replying that he saw no evidence for UFOs or other paranormal activities associated with Hale-Bopp, Weaver said, "usually only opened the floodgates for more." Readers will find Hubble's images at http://www.stsci.edu. <h3>'Dragons and Giants'</h3> "People
Knots
Authors: Douglas B. Reynolds
Journal: JAMA (1981)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> With reference to the otherwise excellent COMMENTARY "On Tying Knots," by Richard M. Ratzan, MD (1980;244:2615), a correction is in order. The nautical unit of speed is a knot, not "knots per hour," which is either a horrible redundancy or a unit of acceleration rather than speed. One knot is equal to one nautical mile per hour. While its derivation may be as described by Dr Ratzan, it is the equivalent of traveling 6,080 ft in one hour or about 1.15 mph. Given the detail of the article and the apparent research that went into its writing, such an oversight on the part of the author, the<i>JAMA</i>editor, and the reference staff of the main branch of the West Hartford Public Library seems unusual. Perhaps West Hartford is simply too far inland.
The Diarrhea of Travelers to Mexico: Summary of Five-year Study.
Authors: B. H. Kean
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1962)

s1 April 1962The Diarrhea of Travelers to Mexico: Summary of Five-year Study.B. H. Kean, M.D., F.A.C.P.B. H. Kean, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-56-4-688_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe nature of "turista," the acute diarrhea which affects visitors to Mexico and other countries, has been under investigation during the past five years.The report includes epidemiologic data on 2,500 visitors from the United States to Mexico; a detailed delineation of the syndrome obtained from a careful study of 75 acutely ill patients; an evaluation of the role of parasites, bacteria, and viruses based on an extensive set of experiments done in Mexico and in New York; and a proposal for pharmacologic prophylaxis that will reduce, substantially, the incidence and severity of the disease.... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: New York, N. Y. (CS) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 April 1962Volume 56, Issue 4Page: 688-688KeywordsAcute diarrheaBacteriaDiarrheaEpidemiologyProphylaxisResearch design Issue Published: 1 April 1962 PDF DownloadLoading ...