tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Plain Language Summaries
Authors: R Langley, K Reich, S Darn, S Leech, A Taylor
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2014)

Psoriasis is a common skin disease affecting about 2% of the population.In about 90% of cases it requires long-term treatment.For this reason, treatments which have been proved safe and efficient during long-term trials are required.Such treatments for patients with severe psoriasis include biologics (biological drugsso named because they mimic normal human molecules).There are several different types of biologics and this study demonstrates that while these treatments have individually been shown to be effective and safe, it is difficult to make direct comparisons between the different versions.This is because there is variance in the way the clinical trials (a type of research using real patients) are designed and how the data is analyzed in different studies.The range of variables outlined includes missing data, caused when patients taking part in the trial drop out, stop using the drug or miss assessments, which can bias results.There are four standard strategies for addressing the problem of missing data, and the authors, from Canada and Germany, show how results from a real clinical study changed when the different methods were used.The authors then evaluated the results of existing clinical trials, taking into account the different choices for designing clinical trials and analyzing the data, to determine how these choices may influence how the overall outcomes should be interpreted.They conclude that in the absence of common standards for long-term trials, doctors need to understand the differences in handling data so that they can better compare different therapies, in order to make the best choices for patients.Narrowband ultraviolet B (NBUVB) phototherapy in children with moderate to severe eczemaa comparative cohort study
Ozone, NO, and NO 2 : Oxidant Air Pollutants and More
Authors: Jerold A. Last, Wei-Min Sun, Hanspeter Witschi
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1994)

This article reviews the acute and chronic toxicity of the three oxidant air pollutants ozone, nitric oxide (NO), and nitrogen dioxide (NO2).The toxicity of binary mixtures of NO2 with other inhaled agents is also discussed.Newer studies are emphasized, especially those published in the last 5 years or still in press.Very recent data from our laboratory that suggest a new cellular mechanism of importance in lung injury in animals exposed to mix- tures of ozone and NO2 that may have general relevance with regard to the effects of oxidant air pollutants on the lung are also presented.
LOBAR PNEUMONIA
Journal: JAMA (1934)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Book Review Happy Pills in America: From Miltown to Prozac By David Herzberg. 279 pp., illustrated. Baltimore, Johns Hopkins University Press, 2009. $45. 978-0-8018-9030-7 The Age of Anxiety: A History of America's Turbulent Affair with Tranquilizers By Andrea Tone. 298 pp., illustrated. New York, Basic Books, 2009. $26.95. 978-0-465-08658-0 Before Prozac: The Troubled History of Mood Disorders in Psychiatry By Edward Shorter. 304 pp. New York, Oxford University Press, 2009. $29.95. 978-0-19-…
Authors: Allan V. Horwitz
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2009)
First-in-human dose escalation, safety, and PK study of a novel EFNA4-ADC in patients with advanced solid tumors.
Authors: David S. Hong, Ignacio Garrido-Laguna, Ian E. Krop, Vivek Subbiah, Theresa Louise Werner, Christine M Cotter, Erika Paige Hamilton, Karen Velastegui, Dawei Xuan, Roberto Bugarini, Ashwin Gollerkeri, Howard A. Burris
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

2520 Background: PF-06647263 is an anti-EFNA4 antibody drug conjugate (ADC) comprised of a humanized mAb (huE22), a hydrazine linker, and calicheamicin. Ephrin-A4 (EFNA4) is overexpressed in tumor versus normal tissue in a number of human tumors. PF-06647263 induced tumor regression in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) and ovarian cancer (OVCA) xenograft models. Methods: Patients (pts) with solid tumors unseleceted for EFNA-4 expression are receiving escalating doses of PF-06647263 once every 3 weeks (Q3W) or weekly (QW) in 2-6 patient cohorts. The following doses have been evaluated: 0.015, 0.030, 0.050, 0.075, 0.100, and 0.134 mg/kg Q3W and 0.01 and 0.02 mg/kg QW. Once the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) is determined, expansion cohorts for patients with EFNA4-expressing TNBC and platinum-resistant OVCA are planned. Standard definitions are being used to classify hematological and non-hematological dose limiting toxicities (DLT). Serum pharmacokinetic (PK) and anti-drug antibody (ADA) development are also being assessed. Results: Data are available on 24 pts treated- 15 Q3W and 9 QW. Among the 24 pts (20F/4M), the mean age was 59 years (35-82). Total number of administered cycles is 55 (Q3W) and 26 (QW), and DLTs, were observed in 0 and 1 pts in the Q3W and QW regimens, respectively, during the first cycle. The most common adverse events (AE) were nausea (50%), fatigue (50%), decreased appetite (38%), diarrhea (33%), vomiting (33%), thrombocytopenia (TCP) (33%), abdominal pain (29%), and blood bilirubin increase (29%). One patient experienced Grade 4 neutropenia and the AEs with Grade 3 severity observed in more than 2 patients were mucosal inflammation (n = 3; 12%) and bilirubin increase (n = 2; 8%). Preliminary evidence of activity includes confirmed partial response (PR) in 2 pts (OVCA and TNBC). Two additional unconfirmed PRs (TNBC and peritoneal cancer) have also been recorded. Conclusions: PF-06647263 is a novel anti-EFNA4-ADC which to-date is well-tolerated in pts with advanced malignancies. Dose-escalation is continuing and updated safety, efficacy, and preliminary PK data will be reported at the meeting. Clinical trial information: NCT02078752.
Low-Level Exposure to Methylmercury Modifies Muscarinic Cholinergic Receptor Binding Characteristics in Rat Brain and Lymphocytes: Physiologic Implications and New Opportunities in Biologic Monitoring
Authors: Teresa Coccini, Giovanna Randine, Stefano M. Candura, Rossella E. Nappi, Leon D. Prockop, Luigi Manzo
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2000)

Methylmercury (MeHg) affects several parameters of cholinergic function. These alterations are thought to play a role in MeHg neurotoxicity. In vitro experiments have indicated that MeHg acts as a strong competitive inhibitor of radioligand binding to muscarinic cholinergic receptors (mAChRs) in rat brain. Furthermore, rat brain mAChRs share several pharmacologic characteristics of similar receptors present on lymphocytes. Using the muscarinic antagonist [(3)H]quinuclidinyl benzilate (QNB) to label receptors, we investigated the in vivo interactions of MeHg with rat brain mAChRs. We also investigated whether MeHg-induced central mAChR changes are reflected by similar alterations in splenic lymphocytes. Exposure to low doses of MeHg--0.5 or 2 mg/kg/day in drinking water--for 16 days significantly increased (20-44% of control) mAChRs density (B(max)) in the hippocampus and cerebellum without affecting receptor affinity (K(d)). The effect of MeHg did not occur immediately; it was not apparent until 2 weeks after the termination of treatment. No significant changes in [(3)H]QNB binding were observed in the cerebral cortex. In splenic lymphocytes, mAChR density was remarkably increased (95-198% of control) by day 14 of MeHg exposure and remained enhanced 14 days after the cessation of treatment. These results suggest up-regulation of mAChRs in selected brain regions (hippocampus and cerebellum) after prolonged low-level ingestion of MeHg in rats. These cerebral effects are delayed in onset and are preceded by a marked increase in density of mAChRs on lymphocytes. In chronic MeHg exposure, peripheral lymphocytes may represent a sensitive target for the interaction of MeHg with mAChRs and, therefore, may be predictive indicators of later adaptive response involving cerebral mAChRs. Additionally, the effect of MeHg on lymphocyte mAChRs in vivo indicates that this receptor system should be investigated further as a possible target for MeHg immunotoxicity.
Stock breeding technique applied to human infertility
Authors: B. Merz
Journal: JAMA (1983)

Embryo transfer, a technique that has been used extensively to generate prize herds from single pairs of pedigreed cattle, has been successfully employed to allow two infertile women to become pregnant. Thus reported investigators from the Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif, in a lateJuly press conference called to coincide with the publication of a letter announcing their success in<i>The Lancet</i>(1983;ii:223). While application of the technique in livestock breeding is directed at substantially multiplying the progeny of champion cattle by transferring as many embryos as possible from a prize heifer to other, less distinguished cows, in humans attention focuses primarily on the carrier rather than the embryo donor. In effect, it is an alternative to surrogate motherhood and in vitro fertilization. Like surrogate motherhood, embryo transfer allows a woman who is infertile or has a genetic disorder to bear a child fathered by her husband. Another woman, acting as
Manuscripts Approved for JNCI, November 1 to December 1, 1965
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1966)

Journal Article Manuscripts Approved for JNCI, November 1 to December 1, 1965 Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 36, Issue 1, January 1966, Page 169, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/36.1.169-a Published: 01 January 1966
Remember Helen?
Authors: Elizabeth J. White
Journal: JAMA (1981)

Helen Hammond is the subject of a medical record that has sprawled into several volumes in the last decade. So dedicated is she to amiability that when I first saw her being wheeled out of an examining room in a charity hospital after what she called a "chewing out," she wore a slightly amused, totally self-accepting smile. I believe that Helen had never previously attempted self-discipline; her medical record is proof that the "chewing out" did not inspire her to curb her amazing appetite for pasta and cheap red wine. Many of the illnesses that have since overtaken her are related to obesity and alcoholism; but her most recent disaster, carcinoma of the lung, is the result of another bad habit. She belongs to a generation hooked on tobacco before all of the dangers were known. Today she is again in a wheelchair, her face pallid and edematous. Her arms,
Normal versus Abnormal Structure: Considerations in Morphologic Responses of Teleosts to Pollutants
Authors: David E. Hinton, R. Clark Lantz, James A. Hampton, Patricia R. McCuskey, Robert S. McCuskey
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1987)

Consideration of newer more quantitative morphologic approaches to the study of aquatic pollutants can provide opportunity for collaborative/integrated studies with other subdisciplines in toxicology. Current commonly employed morphologic approaches result largely in subjective findings difficult to analyze statistically and often are directed at levels of structural organization inconsistent with biochemical and physiological approaches. We review some of the methods and approaches available for correlated structure/function studies and present examples from normal and altered skin, gill, and liver of teleosts.
Pre-transplant diabetes independently predicts atherosclerotic vascular event and death due to cardiovascular disease in liver transplant recipients: a long term multicenter observational study
Authors: Stefano Gitto, Nicola De Maria, Luca Marzi, Paolo Magistri, Margherita Falcini, Giovanni Vitale, Tiziana Olivieri, Giuseppe Tarantino, Valentina Serra, Paolo Forte, Claudia Campani, Rachele Puntili, Paola Carrai, Stefania Petruccelli, Paolo De Simone, Andrea Mega, Heinz Zoller, Guido Piai, Giovanna Valente, Filippo Schepis, Francesco Vizzutti, Silvia Aspite, Chiara Di Bonaventura, Giacomo Laffi, Erica Villa, Fabio Marra, Pietro Andreone, Fabrizio Di Benedetto
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2020)
Section I. General Issues Related to Breast Cancer Screening
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1979)

Journal Article Section I. General Issues Related to Breast Cancer Screening Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 62, Issue 3, March 1979, Pages 655–662, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/62.3.655 Published: 01 March 1979
Staphylococcal Infections
Authors: George X. Trimble
Journal: JAMA (1962)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Some remarks should be made to supplement the answer to the question entitled "Staphylococcal Infections" from the "Questions and Answers" section ofThe Journal(<b>180</b>:637 [May 19] 1962). Recurrent respiratory infections in a child with allergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma, from whose nasopharynx resistant staphylococci are cultured, are not necessarily staphyloccal infections. Such an assumption is implied by the title heading of the question and by the consultant's advice that an all-out attempt be made to eradicate the staphylococci from the family and the patient. Without any better evidence of staphylococcal infection than that cited in the inquiry, I question seriously the advisability of "intensive therapy with large doses of staphcillin over a long period of time." Treatment of the child in this manner is at best open to dispute. Whether one should treat presumably healthy parents in this fashion just because resistant staphylococci are cultured
Cerebral malaria
Authors: R. B. Daroff
Journal: JAMA (1967)

During the ten-month period of this study, approximately 1,200 cases of malaria due to<i>Plasmodium falciparum</i>were seen at the 93rd Evacuation Hospital in South Vietnam. Of these, 19 were cases of cerebral malaria that evinced itself after therapy was begun. Although cerebral malaria is often an alarming consequence of<i>P falciparum</i>infection, early recognition and appropriate therapy afford an excellent prognosis.
Masthead
Authors: Paul Berk, New York, Andres Blei, Henry Bodenheimer, Herbert Bonkovsky, Michael Gerber, Robert Glickman, Jay Boston, Ann Hoofnagle, Albert Jones, San Francisco, Esteban Mezey, Kunio Okuda, Allan Wolkoff, Lawrence Friedman, T Liang, M Boston, Irwin Arias, Steven Schenker, San Antonio, Michelle Britton, Debra Segura, D Montgomery Bissell, Anthony Tavill, Eugene Schiff, John Gollan, Joseph Councillors, Neil Bloomer, Los Kaplowitz, Nicholas Angeles, Marion Larusso, St Peters, M Louis, H Hoofnagle, Michael Baltimore, William Lee, Jules Dienstag, Joseph Bloomer, Andrew Klein, Glen Arm, Anna Lok, Kevin Mullen, Robert Cleveland, San Ockner, Adrian Francisco
Journal: Hepatology (1995)
Steroid receptors and heat-shock proteins in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis
Authors: A Jorge
Journal: Hepatology (1993)

Primary biliary cirrhosis has a definite female preponderance. Increased estrogen levels have been found in patients with this disease; however no studies indicate the status of sex hormone steroid receptors in primary biliary cirrhosis patients. In this study the occurrence and distribution of estrogen receptors, progesterone receptors and androgen receptors in liver biopsy specimens from patients with primary biliary cirrhosis were examined and compared with these receptors in the normal liver. In addition, three heat-shock proteins associated with steroid receptors (90 kD, 70 kD and 27 kD) were examined. All of the receptor proteins were detected on immunocytochemical study using specific receptor antibodies; monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies were also used to detect the heat-shock proteins. Normal bile duct epithelial cells displayed low-to-moderate amount of estrogen receptors and abundant 90-kD, 70-kD and 27-kd heat-shock protein expression, whereas normal hepatocytes showed moderate estrogen receptor and 90-kD heat-shock protein and high 70-kD heat-shock protein expression. Expression of 70-kD heat-shock protein was due mainly to the constitutive form of this protein (hsc72). In patients with primary biliary cirrhosis, significant increases in estrogen receptor and 90-kD heat-shock protein content were seen in bile duct cells and in hepatocytes. Levels of 27-kD heat-shock protein were also increased in some of the primary biliary cirrhosis biopsy specimens. The expression of progesterone receptor and androgen receptor was very low in normal and primary biliary cirrhosis bile duct cells and hepatocytes. The high expression of estrogen receptor and associated heat-shock proteins in primary biliary cirrhosis patients indicates that estrogens and their receptors may play a role in this disease, a finding that may have therapeutic implications. (HEPATOLOGY 1993;18:1108-1114).
Occasional Papers on Medical Subjects, 1855-1896.
Journal: JAMA (1896)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Zaire: nonsexual household transmission of AIDS
Authors: K. J. Rothman
Journal: JAMA (1986)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Mann et al<sup>1</sup>claim that their study in Zaire "provides evidence against horizontal HTLV-III/LAV [human T-cell lymphotropic virus type III/lymphadenopathy-associated virus] transmission among household members." Actually, their data indicate the opposite. They found nine of 186 household contacts (excluding spouses) of patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) to be seropositive, compared with only two of 128 household contacts of controls who were seronegative and matched to the AIDS cases by age and sex. The numbers may be small, but they are not comforting. The authors report a prevalence ratio estimate of 3.1, with a 95% confidence interval of 0.7 to 13.3. The authors state that "seroprevalence did not differ significantly between case-and control-household contacts," and claim that the data provide support for the null hypothesis. The confidence interval, however, indicates that the data are compatible with a wide range of values for the prevalence ratio.
Standards and guidelines for cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and emergency cardiac care (ECC)
Journal: JAMA (1980)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
New influenza A(H1N1) virus infections in Spain, April-May 2009
Authors: Collective Surveillance Group for New Influenz
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2009)

An outbreak of infections with a new influenza A(H1N1) virus that was first detected in the United States and Mexico is currently ongoing worldwide. This report describes the initial epidemiological actions and outbreak investigation of the first 98 laboratory confirmed cases of infection with this new virus in Spain.
Bacterial Carbapenem Resistance Could Create “Nightmare Scenario”
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal