tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Ketosis and Body Weight
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Local anesthesia for neonatal circumcision
Authors: G. N. Weiss
Journal: JAMA (1988)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> In the majority of adults with acute hepatitis B infection, HBsAg and hepatitis B e antigen disappear after a short time, followed by seroconversion to anti-HBe, anti-HBc, and ultimately antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen. This pattern indicates a recovery phase. Conversely, chronic infection generally is marked by failure to develop antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen and persistance of HBsAg, anti-HBc, and either anti-HBe or hepatitis B e antigen. Anti-HBc and anti-HBe, when present as the only serological markers of hepatitis B infection, can signify past infection, with recovery and loss of antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen; or as in the case described by Drs Howell and Barbara, occult chronic infection with loss of HBsAg. Therefore, testing for anti-HBe to determine the significance of an isolated anti-HBc result would not help differentiate between these two diagnostic possibilities. Isolated low-titer anti-HBc also may represent a nonspecific false-positive
MEDICAL SOCIALISM.
Journal: JAMA (1902)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Diagnostic and therapeutic technology assessment. Immunoaugmentative therapy
Journal: JAMA (1988)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI) deficiency is compatible with murine life
Authors: Mariko Nagashima, Zheng-Feng Yin, Lei Zhao, Kathy White, Yanhong Zhu, Nina Lasky, Meredith Halks-Miller, George J. Broze, William P. Fay, John Morser
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2002)

To investigate the consequence of deficiency in thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI), we generated homozygous TAFI-deficient mice by targeted gene disruption. Intercrossing of heterozygous TAFI mice produced offspring in the expected Mendelian ratio, indicating that transmission of the mutant TAFI allele did not lead to embryonic lethality. TAFI-deficient mice developed normally, reached adulthood, and were fertile. No gross physical abnormalities were observed up to 24 months of age. Hematological analysis of TAFI-deficient mice did not show any major differences including plasma fibrinogen level, prothrombin time, and activated partial thromboplastin time. TAFI-deficient mice did not suffer from excess bleeding as determined by blood loss following tail transection, although their plasma failed to prolong clot lysis time in vitro. In vivo, TAFI deficiency did not influence occlusion time in either an arterial or a venous injury model. TAFI deficiency did not improve survival rate compared with the wild-type in thrombin-induced thromboembolism, factor X coagulant protein–induced thrombosis, and endotoxin-induced disseminated intravascular coagulation. Furthermore, TAFI deficiency did not alter kaolin-induced writhing response, implying that TAFI does not play a major role in bradykinin catabolism. The current study demonstrates that TAFI deficiency does not change normal responses to acute challenges.
Contributions of Open Cardiotomy to the Correction of Congenital and Acquired Cardiac Disease
Authors: C. Walton Lillehei
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1958)

Partial and Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous ReturnAs mentioned above, it has been uncommon for partial anomalous venous return to exist without at least a patent foramen ovale, and more often it is associated with a secundum type of atrial septal defect.Obviously, all cases of total anomalous venous return require the coexistence of an atrial shunt. The operative management of total anomalous insertion of the pulmonary veins is therefore one uniformly complicated by the presence of an atrial septal defect. Since ideally the defect can only be corrected by direct-vision intracardiac reparative surgery, the management of anomalous venous return . . .
Serum 7α-hydroxycholesterol as a new parameter of liver function in patients with chronic liver diseases
Authors: Syoji Kuroki, Shuichiro Okamoto, Tokio Naito, Hitoshi Oda, Shoji Nagase, Hironori Sakai, Hajime Nawata, Hiroyuki Yamashita, Kazuo Chijiiwa, Masao Tanaka
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

To examine bile acid synthesis in chronic liver diseases, serum total 7α-hydroxycholesterol level was measured by gas-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry in patients with cirrhosis (n = 23), patients with chronic hepatitis (n = 21), and control subjects (n = 18). The serum 7α-hydroxycholesterol levels were significantly lower in patients with cirrhosis than the controls (78 ± 59 pmol/mL vs. 237 ± 97 pmol/mL; mean ± SD). However, in patients with chronic hepatitis, the level was fully retained (262 ± 102 pmol/mL). Serum 7α-hydroxycholesterol levels of 17 patients with cirrhosis classified as Child B and C ranged from 33 to 69 pmol/mL, and all were less than the normal range (between 104 and 466 pmol/mL), however, those levels of some patients classified as Child A were within the normal range. Serum 7α-hydroxycholesterol levels significantly correlated with serum albumin, cholinesterase, total bile acid, direct bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, indocyanine green (ICG) retention rate, hepaplastin test, and lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase activities. We conclude that bile acid synthesis is well preserved in patients with chronic hepatitis and that it is decreased in most patients with cirrhosis. Serum 7α-hydroxycholesterol may be a new parameter of liver function testing to assess hepatic bile acid synthesis in patients with chronic liver diseases. (Hepatology 1995; 22:1182-1187.).
Abstract P294: Association between Anxiety Levels and Weight Change in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis
Authors: Kate Rieke, Holly Kramer, Kiang Liu, Erin D Michos, Ramon Durazo
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background: Psychological factors may influence weight gain. This study assessed the association between anxiety and weight change in a multi-ethnic cohort followed for approximately 5 years. Hypothesis: Anxiety level, measured by the Spielberger State-Trait Personality Inventory (STPI), is associated with weight change. Methods: The study population consisted of participants of the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (n=5,798), age range 45-84 at baseline. Weight was measured at baseline and at subsequent follow-up exams with an average of 1.6 years between exams. A locally weighted scatter plot revealed a non-linear association between anxiety and weight change. STPI scores were then divided into sex-specific quartiles (QANX) based on the STPI scoring manual. The relationship between anxiety level and weight change was examined using a mixed-effect model with weight as the dependent variable, QANX and time as the independent variables, and adjusted for age, race, gender, marital status, education level, income level, and MESA site. Time entered the model as a random effect, whereas all other variables were entered as fixed-effects. Results: Overall, 52.5% were female and mean age at baseline was 61.7 years. Mean baseline weight was 78.9 kg (range 32.5 to 146.1 kg). The total average weight change was -0.55 kg for men and -0.56 kg for women over the 5 year period. Average annual change in weight (range) was -0.15 kg (-6.90 to 7.13 kg) for QANX 1, -0.11 kg (-5.81 to 7.27 kg) for QANX 2, -0.08 kg (-8.69 to 8.38 kg) for QANX 3, and -0.16 kg (-7.12 to 6.01 kg) for QANX 4. Mean baseline weight for those in Quartile 4 (most anxious) was 78.1 kg (range 38.4 to 146.1 kg) and mean weight change was -0.16 kg. Mean baseline weight and weight change for the bottom 3 QANX combined was 79. 1 kg (32.5 to 142.7 kg) and -0.12 kg, respectively. Individuals in the highest QANX on average weighed 1.63 kg less compared to individuals in the lower three QANX after adjustment for all covariates (95% CI -2.64, -0.61). Interactions terms between anxiety and race, gender, education, and income level on average weight did not reach statistical significance (P &gt;0.1). No significant association was noted between anxiety quartiles and time (0.007 kg/yr; 95%CI -0.09, 0.11) after confounder adjustment. Conclusions: Among adults age 45-84, high anxiety defined by being in the upper STPI quartile was associated with a significantly lower average weight in the MESA cohort but it was not associated with weight change. It is possible that that anxiety may influence weight change at a younger age.
The Beat
Authors: Erin E. Dooley
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2011)

In July 2011 the U.S. EPA finalized the Cross-State Air Pollution Rule to reduce SO 2 and NO X emissions from power plants using available emissions control technologies. 1SO 2 and NO X contribute to ground-level ozone and fine particle pollution and often cross state lines, ending up far from their provenance.The rule is projected to achieve up to $280 billion in annual health benefits by preventing avoidable illnesses, sick days at work, and premature deaths.Within three years the rule is expected to help reduce SO 2 emissions by 73% and NO X emissions by 54% over 2005 levels.
Serum uric acid and cholesterol in achievement behavior and motivation. I. The relationship to ability, grades, test performance, and motivation
Authors: S. V. Kasl
Journal: JAMA (1970)

This study examined the possible involvement of serum uric acid and serum cholesterol concentrations in the achievement behavior and achievement motivation of male high school students and recent graduates. It attempted to replicate and extend the existing body of data which has suggestively linked serum uric acid and achievement. The cholesterol data were explored as a possible contrast to the correlates of uric acid. The major findings in this part were (1) uric acid showed a positive association with grades and with over-achievement (grades adjusted for intelligence quotient); (2) uric acid was positively related to performance on aptitude (speed) tests; (3) a positive association was obtained between uric acid and the "slope" measure of achievement motivation (steepness of gradient of attractiveness ratings of occupations in relation to their difficulty), and a negative association between uric acid and test anxiety.
Liver - surgery
Authors: D Anderson, J Rothnie
Journal: Gut (1993)

Surgical intervention in obstructive jaumdice has a significant post-operative mortality ( 13-37/%).predoaniiiately attributed to the development of acute renal impairment (-6-0%) which carries a mortality of 25-800%.The true incidence of this proximaL tubular failure may be underestimated or undiagnosed in the early post-operative period by conventional serum creatinine measurements.The pen-operative urinary activities of the proximal renal tubular brush border enzymes gamma-glutamyl tramsferase (GGT) and alanine nopeptidase (AAP) ,and the intracellular lysosomal hydrolase N-acetyl-B- .Dhglcosaminidase-(NAG)-were-measured in 14 jaundiced patients (group 2), 45 patients undergoing laparotomies (group 1), and in 20 patients having infra-renal aortic surgery(group 3).Surgical intervention in group 1 had-little effect on the urinary activities of NAG, GGT and AAP ( 24+16 vs 30+28, 3.8+1.3vs 4.1+3.8 and 1.1+0.7 vs 1.3+1.2U/mmol creatinine respectively),yet in the jaundiced patients (group 2) both pre-and post-operative levels were significantly elevated: NAG 236+153 vs 328+182 p<0.01 GGT 6.6+2.5 vs 11.5+5.0p< 0.05 and AAP 5.8+4.1 vs 10.1+6.1 p< 0.01 No correlatiom existed between the duration or degree of hyperbilirubinaemia, and the detected enzymuria Urinary NAG was elevated following aortic surgery, 45+38 vs 128+98 U/mmol creatinine p < 0.05 , though less significantly than in the jaundiced group.Serum creatinine remained static following surgery in the jaundiced (92+32 vs 89+20 umol/l) and aortic ( 92+49 vs 90+47 umol/A )groups.Urinary enzymology highlights a proximal tubular dysfunction in patients with obstructive jaundice, augmented by surgical intervention.Serum creatnine measurements lack this sensitivity and are of limitted value.Coedusions: (1) Acquired HCV infection after LT is a rare event.(2) Recurrent HCV infection is universal in patients with active HCV infection at the time of LT and, (3) a significant number of these patients develop liver dysfunction and chronic hepatitis after LT.
Treatment of patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and associated manifestations
Authors: L. D. Kaplan
Journal: JAMA (1987)

PATIENTS with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) suffer from a variety of opportunistic infections and malignancies. There is, as of yet, no known cure for this disease. Early in the course of the AIDS epidemic, therapy was directed only toward the management of manifestations of the disease (opportunistic infections and malignancies). As the immunologic abnormalities associated with AIDS became more clearly defined and with the discovery of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), treatment of the underlying immunodeficiency disorder with immunomodulators or antiviral agents became a possibility. This review will focus both on treatment of the disease manifestations and on more recent investigations into the use of immunomodulators and antiviral agents. The role of supportive care, which is important in the treatment of patients with this disease, has been discussed elsewhere.<sup>1</sup> <h3>TREATMENT OF CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS OF AIDS</h3><h3>Opportunistic Infections</h3> The therapeutic approach to AIDS patients with
Abstract P138: Asthma and Left Ventricular Mass in Young Adults: the Bogalusa Heart Study
Authors: Dianjianyi Sun, Tiange Wang, Yoriko Heianza, Jun Lv, Felicia Rabito, Tanika Kelly, Shengxu Li, Jiang He, Lydia Bazzano, Wei Chen, Lu Qi
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Background: A history of asthma from childhood has been related to various risk factors affecting left ventricular (LV) remodeling; however, no prospective study has analyzed the impact of asthma on markers of LV remodeling. Methods: Prospective analyses were performed among 1177 Bogalusa Heart Study participants (average age at follow-up: 36.3±8.3), with a baseline history of self-reported asthma collected since childhood (mean first diagnosed age: 25.2±10.3). LV mass was assessed using 2-dimensional guided M-mode echocardiography, and indexed for body height (m 2.7 ) as LV mass index (LVMI, g/m 2.7 ). A multivariate linear mixed model was fitted for the repeated measures. Results: After an average of 9.1 years follow-up, participants with a history of asthma showed significantly greater LV mass (166.9 vs. 156.3, p=0.007) and LVMI (40.1 vs. 37.1, p=0.002) than those without asthma, with adjustment for age, gender, race, smoking status, antihypertensive medicine, heart rate and systolic blood pressure (SBP) at follow-up. Also, we found significant interactions between SBP and asthma on LV mass and LVMI (p for interaction= 0.008 and 0.006). The associations between asthma and LV measures appeared to be stronger among prehypertensive participants (SBP≥130 mm/Hg) compared with those with normal SBP (&lt;130 mm/Hg) [regression coefficient: 26.12 vs. -0.79 for LV mass; and 6.75 vs. 0.29 for LVMI]. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that a history of asthma is associated with higher LV mass, and such association is stronger among individuals with prehypertension.
Abstract 9944: Bicuspid and Unicuspid Aortic Valve: Fate of Moderate/Severe Mixed Aortic Valve Disease
Authors: Alexander Egbe, Joeseph Poterucha, Carole Warnes
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Objectives: There is paucity of data about mixed aortic valve disease (MAVD) in patients with bicuspid/unicuspid aortic valve (BAV). This study sought to describe the natural history of moderate/severe MAVD in this population. Methods: We queried our database for patients with BAV and moderate/severe MAVD from 1994-2013. We excluded patients with NYHA III/IV symptoms, left ventricular ejection fraction &lt;50%, aortic dimension &gt;50 mm, and significant disease of other valves. Primary endpoint was freedom from adverse events (AE) defined as aortic valve replacement (AVR) or death. Secondary endpoint was freedom from developing NYHA III/IV symptoms, and to identify predictors of AE. Cox proportional hazard model was used. Results: There were 138 patients (age 51±12 years, males 81%) who were followed for 8.5±4 years. Ninety-two patients (67%) underwent AVR at a mean follow-up duration of 3.7±2.5 years. Mechanical prostheses were implanted in 79% and 52% had concomitant CABG and/or aortic replacement during AVR. No early surgical mortality. Event-free survival was 51%, and 20% at 5 and 10 years. Predictors of AE were age at presentation (hazard ratio [HR] 5.22 Confidence interval [CI] 3.10 to 6.64) for every decade increase in age and having severe stenosis or regurgitation at the time of presentation (HR 1.32; CI 1.05 to 3.16). Conclusion: Time (age and duration of follow-up) was the strongest predictor of AE in BAV population unlike in patients with trileaflet aortic valve stenosis where peak aortic velocity was prognostic. Figure Legend: pVel: peak velocity group 1: moderate aortic stenosis and regurgitation Group ≥2: severe aortic stenosis or regurgitation
Lipoid Proteinosis
Authors: Rajsmita Bhattacharjee, Debajyoti Chatterjee, Keshavamurthy Vinay
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal