tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 10018: High on Aspirin Platelet Reactivity in Children Undergoing the Fontan Procedure
Authors: Jason T Patregnani, Yaser Diab, Darren Klugman, Michael Spaeder, Robert Freishtat, Pranav Sinha, John Berger
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: Despite routine thromboprophylaxis with aspirin, thromboembolism (TE) continues to be a significant complication after the Fontan procedure. Data suggest that suboptimal ex-vivo aspirin-induced platelet inhibition-known as High on-Aspirin Platelet Reactivity (HAPR) is an independent risk factor for breakthrough TE. The occurrence of HAPR may potentially increase the risk of aspirin prophylaxis failure in children who underwent Fontan procedure. However, HAPR has not been adequately studied in this patient population. Hypothesis: There is a high incidence of HAPR in children after the Fontan procedure. Methods: We conducted a single-center, prospective, observational pilot study of children requiring Fontan procedure. Thromboelastography with platelet mapping (TEG-PM), platelet CD62P expression by flow-cytometry and urinary 11-dehydro-thromboxane B2 (11-dhTxB2) were measured at baseline prior to starting aspirin at 5 mg/kg/day and after at least 5 days of continuous therapy. HAPR was defined as less than 30% Arachidonic Acid (AA)-induced platelet aggregation inhibition as measured by TEG-PM. Results: 17 patients (11 males and 6 females, median age 3 years) were enrolled. HAPR was identified in 9/17 (53%) with 3/9 (33%) patients exhibiting no detectable AA-induced platelet aggregation inhibition. There was no significant effect of aspirin on percentage of activated platelets (i.e.: platelets expressing CD62P marker) in children with or without HAPR. In contrast to children with HAPR, aspirin therapy in children without HAPR led to significant reduction in urinary 11-dhTxB2 levels (Table 1). Conclusions: A significant proportion of children with single ventricle physiology exhibited HAPR in the immediate post-operative period after Fontan procedure. Further studies are needed to examine association of HAPR with increased risk of TE in this patient population.
Prevalence of Doctor-Diagnosed Arthritis and Possible Arthritis—30 States, 2002
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Arthritis is the leading cause of disability in the United States, and its prevalence is expected to increase as the U.S. population ages. State-specific estimates of the prevalence of this condition are key to planning health services and programs to prevent arthritis-related disability and to track progress toward meeting national health objectives for 2010 (objectives 2.1-2.8). In 2002, new questions about arthritis were released as an optional module of the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), and 30 states elected to use the module. This report summarizes results from the 2002 BRFSS on prevalence of doctor-diagnosed arthritis and possible arthritis. The findings indicate that the estimated prevalence of doctor-diagnosed arthritis among adults in the 30 states ranged from 17.8% to 35.8%, and the prevalence of possible arthritis ranged from 10.3% to 21.3%. Increased intervention efforts, including early diagnosis and appropriate clinical and self-management (e.g., physical activity, education, and maintaining appropriate weight), are needed to reduce the impact of arthritis.
Effects of Nonfibrous Minerals in the V79-4 Cytotoxicity Test
Authors: Geoffrey H. Pigott, Patricia J. Pinto
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1983)

The use of the V79-4 system as a primary screen for fiber carcinogenicity is dependent on the observed correlation between cytotoxicity of the test material in the system and mesothelioma following intrapleural injection in animals. This correlation has been established for relatively pure samples of fibrous minerals. The wider application of the system as a screen for industrial dusts may depend on the ability of the system to show an unequivocal response to small yet significant percentages of fibrous dust in the presence of a large excess of nonfibrous material. Some materials tested, including platy minerals, show a response in the test which, while clearly less than that from UICC asbestos samples, could be construed as a positive result. Some, though not all, of these minerals show a nonlinear dose response in the test. This anomalous dose response may aid in the identification of some false positive results but the variety of responses to nonfibrous minerals places a limit on the predictive value of the test mixtures. Results obtained from mixtures of "standard" dust samples suggest this limit is reached at or above 10% fibrous content. Such levels would be significant in terms of human exposure. Extension of the concentration range tested does not improve the predictive value of the test.
M-components
Authors: N. Abramson
Journal: JAMA (1973)

Of 59 hospitalized patients with a monoclonal (M)-component, 15 had myeloma and 3 had macroglobulinemia. M-component was associated with other disorders in 24 of the patients and with no underlying disease in 17 of the patients. Bone marrow aspirates from patients with myeloma and macroglobulinemia contained more than 10% plasma cells; one half of other patients had more than 10% plasma cells. Clumps of plasma cells were unique for myeloma and macroglobulinemia but were present in only half of the cases. Generally, M-component was greater than 2.5 gm/100 ml with relative hypogammaglobulinemia. In four patients with hepatitis, the M-component disappeared. Precise differentiation between categories of M-components was difficult on the basis of laboratory findings alone. Specific clinical criteria for diagnosis of multiple myeloma and Waldenström's macroglobulinemia permitted separation from other causes of M-components.
High risk of active tuberculosis in HIV-infected drug users with cutaneous anergy
Authors: P. A. Selwyn
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>Objectives.</h3> —To determine the incidence of active tuberculosis in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)—seropositive and HIV-seronegative drug injectors with cutaneous anergy and to examine the effectiveness of isoniazid chemoprophylaxis in preventing tuberculosis among drug injectors with positive tuberculin test results. <h3>Design and Setting.</h3> —Prospective observational study linked to an ongoing study of HIV infection within a New York City (NY) methadone program; subjects also underwent routine intradermal tuberculin testing and multiple-antigen delayed-type hypersensitivity skin testing. The 31-month study period ended December 31, 1990. <h3>Methods.</h3> —Anergic subjects and tuberculin reactors who were HIV seropositive were compared by HIV disease status and CD4<sup>+</sup>T-lymphocyte levels. Tuberculosis incidence was calculated for anergics (none treated with isoniazid) and for treated and untreated tuberculin reactors, by HIV serological status. <h3>Results.</h3> —Among those seropositive for HIV, anergic subjects had more advanced HIV disease and fewer CD4<sup>+</sup>cells (median 0.33 vs 0.56 ×10<sup>9</sup>/L,<i>P</i>&lt;.01) compared with tuberculin reactors, although neither clinical status nor CD4<sup>+</sup>cell counts consistently predicted anergy. Five (7.6%) of 68 anergic subjects who were HIV seropositive and none of 52 anergic subjects who were HIV seronegative (n=18) or of unknown (n=34) HIV serological status developed active tuberculosis during the study period (<i>P</i>&lt;.05). The tuberculosis incidence rate among anergic subjects who were HIV seropositive was 6.6 cases per 100 person-years (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.1 to 15.3). Of 25 HIV-seropositive tuberculin reactors who did not receive or complete 12 months of isoniazid prophylaxis, tuberculosis incidence was 9.7 cases per 100 person-years (95% CI, 2.6 to 24.7;<i>P</i>=0.56, compared with the rate among anergic HIV seropositives); there were no cases of tuberculosis in 53.4 person-years of follow-up for 27 HIV-seropositive tuberculin reactors who received 12 months of prophylaxis (rate difference between treated and untreated groups, 9.7 cases per 100 person-years, 95% CI, 1.3 to 18.0). <h3>Conclusion.</h3> —Drug injectors with cutaneous anergy who are seropositive for HIV are at high risk of active tuberculosis, similar to that among untreated HIV-seropositive tuberculin reactors. A decreased incidence of active tuberculosis was seen in HIV-seropositive tuberculin reactors receiving 12 months of isoniazid chemoprophylaxis, compared with untreated or partially treated subjects. These results support the routine use of delayed-type hypersensitivity testing to accompany tuberculin testing for drug injectors with known or suspected HIV infection, and consideration of isoniazid prophylaxis for anergic as well as tuberculin-reactive subjects who are HIV seropositive, in populations with a high prevalence of coexisting HIV and<i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection</i>. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1992;268:504-509)
The clinical significance of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGF-R) in human breast cancer: a review on 5232 patients
Authors: J. G. Klijn
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (1992)

I. Introduction II.Analytical Review Method III.Results A. EGF-R measurement and positivity B. Relationship with other prognostic factors 1. Relationship with steroid receptor status 2. Relationship with age or menopausal status 3. Relationship with tumor size 4. Relationship with lymph node status and recurrences 5. Relationship with histology 6. Relationship with tumor differentiation and grade 7. Relationship with tumor ploidy 8. Relationship with parameters for cellular proliferation 9. Relationship with oncogenes 10.Relationship with other growth factor or peptide hormone receptors 11.Relationship with membrane-bound tissue plasminogen activator C. Relationship with prognosis and survival 1. Relationship with relapse-free and overall survival 2. Relationship with response to endocrine and chemotherapy IV.Summary V.
On the Mortality of Infants in Found-ling Institutions, and Generally, as Influenced by the Absence of Breast-Milk
Authors: C. H. F. Routh
Journal: BMJ (1858)

C)-reart as a Substitute.I have before said (p. 145) that there are some cases in which no wet nurse can be, found to suit a child and in these cases, moreover, milk in its several forms may be tried, but the efforts to bring up that child
Book Review The New International Clinics. Original contributions: Clinics and evaluated reviews of current advances in the medical arts . Edited by George Morris Piersol, M.D. Vol. II, New Series 3, 1940. 8°, cloth, 365 pp., with 100 illustrations and 23 tables. Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott Company, 1940. $3.00.
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1941)
CORRECTION
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Re: Beat Roth, Frédéric D. Birkhäuser, Pascal Zehnder, et al. Parenteral Nutrition Does Not Improve Postoperative Recovery from Radical Cystectomy: Results of a Prospective Randomised Trial. Eur Urol. In press. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2012.05.052
Authors: Bhupendra Pal Singh, Urmila Dhakad
Journal: European Urology (2012)
The Croonian Lectures on the Hygienic and Climatic Treatment of Chronic Pulmonary Phthisis
Authors: H. Weber
Journal: BMJ (1885)

Defective Arrangements for the Treat- ment of Phthisis in General Hospitals; Brompton and Venttqor Hos- pitals; ANecessity for unumerous Small Hospitals for Phthisis in the Country.-iII.Exercise.-iv.Management of Skin; Clothing.iI.Air and Ventilation.-Although it is generally acknowledged that impure air is the foremost cause of phthisis, and although Dr. Henry Mac Cormac, Dr
THE TOXIC EFFECT OF TOBACCO VAPOR, WITH REPORT OF CASES.
Journal: JAMA (1991)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Prognostic value of free testosterone (FT) levels during chemotherapy with carboplatin plus weekly docetaxel in metastatic castration- and docetaxel-resistant prostate cancer (mDRPC).
Authors: Christoph Reuter, Michael A. Morgan, Philipp Ivanyi, Viktor Grünwald, Axel S. Merseburger, Christoph A. J. von Klot
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

5039 Background: Carboplatin plus docetaxel (DC) may be effective in mDRPC. Platinum(II)-complexes interfere with steroid biosynthesis lowering testosterone levels by inhibiting the cholesterol side chain cleavage enzyme (CYP11A1), 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (HSD3B1,2) and 17α hydroxylase/C17,20-lyase (CYP17A1). Methods: Docetaxel failure/resistance was defined according to the Prostate Cancer Working Group (PCWG2 2007) criteria. Treatment consisted of at least two cycles of carboplatin AUC5 iv for 30 min on day 1 every 4 weeks (q4w), docetaxel at a dose of 35 mg/m2 iv for one hour on days 1, 8, (15) plus prednisone 2x5mg/day orally after receiving informed consent until disease progression or occurrence of intolerable adverse effects. Efficacy measures were done following PCWG2 recommendations. Free testosterone levels were measured before (n = 77) and during DC chemotherapy (n = 69). Results: Of the 100 pts. treated since February 2005, 96% had bone metastases, 45% had lymph node, 27% liver and 21% lung involvement. At the time of the current analysis, the median follow-up was 13.6 months, 93 pts. had died and 97 had progressive disease. The objective response rate was 36.5% in the 63 pts. with measureable disease. Response of prostate-specific antigen (≥50%) was observed in 50% of patients. Median progression-free survival (PFS) for all patients was 6.9 months (CI 95% 5.5, 8.3) and median OS was 15.4 months (CI 95% 11.5, 19.4). The most common reversible grade 3/4 toxicity was leukopenia/ neutropenia (40/32%). Median free testosterone levels were 0.61 pg/ml before and &lt; 0.18 pg/ml during carboplatin/docetaxel treatment (nadir levels, p &lt; 0.001; detection limit &lt; 0.18 pg/ml). Median serum androgene levels (T+DHT) were 0.1 ng/ml before and below the detection limit of &lt; 0.05 ng/ml during DC treatment. In multivariate analyses, LDH, PSA response, free testosterone nadir levels below the detection limit ( &lt; 0.18 pg/mL) during DC treatment were associated with longer OS (p &lt; 0.05). Conclusions: These data suggest that carboplatin plus weekly docetaxel may be an important salvage treatment option for DRPC patients.
Chronic Beryllium Disease and Cancer Risk Estimates with Uncertainty for Beryllium Released to the Air from the Rocky Flats Plant
Authors: Patricia D. McGavran, Arthur S. Rood, John E. Till
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1999)

Beryllium was released into the air from routine operations and three accidental fires at the Rocky Flats Plant (RFP) in Colorado from 1958 to 1989. We evaluated environmental monitoring data and developed estimates of airborne concentrations and their uncertainties and calculated lifetime cancer risks and risks of chronic beryllium disease to hypothetical receptors. This article discusses exposure-response relationships for lung cancer and chronic beryllium disease. We assigned a distribution to cancer slope factor values based on the relative risk estimates from an occupational epidemiologic study used by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to determine the slope factors. We used the regional atmospheric transport code for Hanford emission tracking atmospheric transport model for exposure calculations because it is particularly well suited for long-term annual-average dispersion estimates and it incorporates spatially varying meteorologic and environmental parameters. We accounted for model prediction uncertainty by using several multiplicative stochastic correction factors that accounted for uncertainty in the dispersion estimate, the meteorology, deposition, and plume depletion. We used Monte Carlo techniques to propagate model prediction uncertainty through to the final risk calculations. We developed nine exposure scenarios of hypothetical but typical residents of the RFP area to consider the lifestyle, time spent outdoors, location, age, and sex of people who may have been exposed. We determined geometric mean incremental lifetime cancer incidence risk estimates for beryllium inhalation for each scenario. The risk estimates were < 10(-6). Predicted air concentrations were well below the current reference concentration derived by the EPA for beryllium sensitization.
Early destructive effect of sunlight on human skin
Authors: A. M. Kligman
Journal: JAMA (1969)

The facial skin of white persons has been assessed throughout the human life span for the severity of elasticfiber changes as an indicator of sunlight damage. Elastic hyperplasia began as early as the first decade and was clearly evident in a majority of young adults before the age of 30. Beyond the fourth decade most persons had serious elastic-tissue abnormalities culminating in massive degeneration. The elastotic changes were quite advanced before the extensiveness of the damage became visible clinically. The unexposed skin of the buttock exhibited only a slight increase in elastic fibers in old age. The degree of elastic-tissue damage in different regions of the face was in relation to the amount of sunlight these received, greatest on the ear rim and cheek, least under the chin and eyebrows. Sunlight, not innate aging, is mainly responsible for the worst manifestation of senile skin.
<i>Anatomical Observations of the Brain and Several Sense-organs of the Blind Deaf-mute Laura Dewey Bridgman.</i>By Henry H. Donaldson, Ph. D., Assistant Professor of Neurology at Clark University, Worcester, Mass. Reprinted from<i>The American Journal of Psychology,</i>Vol. III, No. 3, September, 1890, and Vol. IV, No. 2, December, 1891
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1892)
METALLIC BODY EXTRACTED FROM THE VITREOUS BY THE ELECTRO-MAGNET.
Journal: JAMA (1891)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease activity score and Brunt's pathologic criteria for the diagnosis of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: What do they mean and do they agree?
Authors: Elizabeth M. Brunt, David E. Kleiner, Brent A. Neuschwander-Tetri
Journal: Hepatology (2011)

We thank Ballestri etal. for their comments about our recent and past publications.1, 2 We would like to remind them and our reading audience that the nonalcoholic fatty liver disease activity score (NAS) of the Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH) Clinical Research Network was developed and validated for numerically describing the spectrum of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. It was never intended to replace a pathologist's diagnosis of steatohepatitis, but this conclusion is implicit in the analysis undertaken by Ballestri etal. Because other authors have also misapplied the NAS to diagnose NASH, we undertook the study described in our 2011 publication1 to determine the implications of doing this in a very large patient sample. Interestingly, we found that a high NAS correlated more with elevated alanine aminotransferase levels, whereas the diagnosis of NASH correlated more with features of metabolic syndrome. A scoring system is meant for just that: scoring relevant lesions of an injury pattern so that the severity of the disease can be monitored semiquantitatively over time and in cohorts of patients, especially those in treatment trials. None of the scoring systems for chronic hepatitis, liver transplant rejection, and biliary diseases were developed to diagnose these diseases, and neither was the NAS. When we described the NAS,2 we did note that there was a statistical correlation between an NAS value ≥ 5 and an independent diagnosis of steatohepatitis by a pathologist. Unfortunately, this observation has been misinterpreted by some as a proposal to replace the diagnosis with the score, even though we clearly stated otherwise in our study. Publications from the NASH Clinical Research Network have consistently separated the diagnosis from the score, and we have emphasized this separation in our presentations. We hope that other investigators will find it appropriate to make this distinction as well. Elizabeth M. Brunt M.D.*, David E. Kleiner M.D., Ph.D. , Brent A. Neuschwander-Tetri M.D. , * Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO.