tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Applied Physiology
Journal: JAMA (1946)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Hepatitis C virus infection among patients attending a clinic for sexually transmitted diseases
Authors: H. S. Weinstock
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To evaluate the association between hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and sexual behavior in a sexually active population. <h3>Design.</h3> —Cross-sectional study. <h3>Setting.</h3> —Inner-city clinic for sexually transmitted diseases. <h3>Subjects.</h3> —The study included 1292 patients attending the clinic for care during a 1-month period and having syphilis serologic tests performed. <h3>Outcome Measures.</h3> —Antibody to HCV (anti-HCV) positivity as defined by a repeatedly reactive enzyme immunoassay and a positive neutralization enzyme immunoassay (Abbott Laboratories, Chicago, Ill). <h3>Results.</h3> —Of 1292 patients screened for anti-HCV, 99 (7.7%) were positive. Logistic regression analysis found that patients who reported intravenous drug use, were positive for antibody to hepatitis B core antigen, reported a history of a blood transfusion, were black, or reported crack cocaine use were more likely to be anti-HCV-positive. Forty-five percent of patients who were anti-HCV-positive reported intravenous drug use. Sex with an intravenous drug user and a history of gonorrhea and syphilis were associated with anti-HCV positivity in a univariate analysis, but after controlling for confounding variables, no such associations remained. While having multiple sexual partners in the previous 3 months, being homosexual or bisexual, and engaging in receptive anal intercourse were associated with being positive for antibody to hepatitis B core antigen, those behaviors were not associated with anti-HCV positivity. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —While these results cannot exclude a role for the sexual transmission of HCV, they do suggest that, in this sexually active population, the sexual transmission of HCV occurs infrequently and that HCV is largely associated with intravenous drug use. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1993;269:392-394)
Lower osmolarity oral rehydration solution is better than WHO solution
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Helicobacter pylori testing is useful only in high risk patientsHelicobacter pylori testing in primary care is useful only in those at higher risk of developing peptic ulcer disease and is of no value in those at lower risk Three simple points from a patient's history-smoking, pain on an empty stomach, and history of peptic ulcer disease-can distinguish between those at high risk and those at low risk of peptic ulcer disease.In their cross sectional study of 565 primary care patients in the Netherlands, Weijnen and colleagues (p 71) found that these three variables had odds ratios of 5.5, 2.8, and 2.0 respectively.In those found to be at higher risk using this scoring rule, the predictive value for the presence of peptic ulcer disease increased from 16% to 26% after a positive Helicobacter pylori test.
Outbreak of Hepatitis C Associated With Intravenous Immunoglobulin Administration— United States, October 1993-June 1994
Journal: JAMA (1994)

On February 21, 1994, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) was notified of 14 possible cases from three different countries of acute hepatitis C among persons who had received Gammagard, an intravenous immunoglobulin (IGIV) product manufactured by Baxter Healthcare Corporation (Glendale, California). The company removed Gammagard from the worldwide market on February 23, 1994. The American Red Cross removed Polygam (IGIV manufactured by Baxter Healthcare from American Red Cross plasma) from the market on the same date. This report presents preliminary findings of an evaluation of transmission of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection from these products and guidelines for monitoring patients who may have received them.
Myocardial Metabolism for the Toxicologist
Authors: Robert G. Merin
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1978)

Drug effects on myocardial contractile function are obviously of considerable practical importance for the toxicologist. The basic mechanism of such actions must reside at some point in the metabolism of cardiac muscle. Interference in the liberation of energy from the fuels that the heart uses may be implicated. It is possible that drugs may interfere with the storage (conservation) of that energy as the high energy phosphates (ATP and CP). Finally, the utilization of that stored energy by the contractile proteins themselves may be altered. The latter process is highly dependent on intracellular calcium ion kinetics. Anesthetic drugs, which produce reversible depression of myocardial contractile function is a dose-dependent fashion, have been shown to interfere to some extent with all three processes. However, the most important mechanism probably involves utilization of energy and intracellular calcium ion movement. A basic knowledge of the biochemistry of cardiac muscle is necessary for the understanding of drug action and toxicity at the subcellular level.
Effects of Drugs on the Fetus
Journal: JAMA (1973)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Results of NTP-Sponsored Mouse Cytogenetic Studies on 1,3-Butadiene, Isoprene, and Chloroprene
Authors: Michael D. Shelby
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1990)

Studies were conducted to determine the cytotoxic and cytogenetic effects of 1,3-butadiene and two structural analogs, chloroprene and isoprene, in the bone marrow cells of B6C3F1 mice exposed to the chemicals by inhalation. In one study, animals were exposed to 1,3-butadiene concentrations of 6.25, 62.5, or 625 ppm 6 hr/day on 10 exposure days and in the second study, to the same concentrations on weekdays for 13 weeks. Chloroprene and isoprene treatments involved 6 hr/day exposures on 12 exposure days at concentrations of 0, 12, 32, 80, and 200 ppm for chloroprene and 0, 438, 1750, and 7000 ppm for isoprene. In the 10-day study, 1,3-butadiene induced significant increases in sister chromatid exchange (SCE) at 6.25 ppm, micronuclei at 62.5 ppm, and chromosomal aberrations at 625 ppm. In the 13-week study, the frequency of micronucleated normochromatic erythrocytes in the peripheral blood was significantly elevated in all exposure groups including the 6.25-ppm group. Isoprene induced both SCE and micronuclei, whereas chloroprene gave negative results for all cytogenetic end points assessed in bone marrow cells.
Effects of music on cardiovascular reactivity among surgeons
Authors: K. Allen
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To determine the effects of surgeon-selected and experimenter-selected music on performance and autonomic responses of surgeons during a standard laboratory psychological stressor. <h3>Design.</h3> —Within-subjects laboratory experiment. <h3>Setting.</h3> —Hospital psychophysiology laboratory. <h3>Participants.</h3> —A total of 50 male surgeons aged 31 to 61 years, who reported that they typically listen to music during surgery, volunteered for the study. <h3>Main Outcome Measurements.</h3> —Cardiac responses, hemodynamic measures, electrodermal autonomic responses, task speed, and accuracy. <h3>Results.</h3> —Autonomic reactivity for all physiological measures was significantly less in the surgeon-selected music condition than in the experimenter-selected music condition, which in turn was significantly less than in the no-music control condition. Likewise, speed and accuracy of task performance were significantly better in the surgeon-selected music condition than in the experimenter-selected music condition, which was also significantly better than the no-music control condition. <h3>Conclusion.</h3> —Surgeon-selected music was associated with reduced autonomic reactivity and improved performance of a stressful nonsurgical laboratory task in study participants. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1994;272:882-884)
Government
Authors: Diane Rowland
Journal: JAMA (1991)

Amid the intense budget negotiations of 1990, the 101st Congress enacted a long-term deficit reduction plan that included reductions in Medicare and adopted modest improvements in existing health programs. Legislation directed at extending Medicaid coverage of poor children, coping with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) epidemic, expanding research on Alzheimer's disease, and strengthening the regulation of medical devices and the sale of private insurance to supplement Medicare are among the achievements of the last Congress. These changes build on the major reform of physician payment under Medicare and Medicaid expansions in coverage of low-income pregnant women and children enacted in 1989.<sup>1</sup>Despite the call for action on broader initiatives by the congressionally mandated Pepper Commission, issues of financing and federal budgetary concerns dominated and constrained legislative reform efforts in 1990. In the context of the budget, Medicare's size and rapid growth make it a visible and ready target for
A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled single ascending dose study to assess safety, tolerability, immunogenicity, and pharmacokinetics of a novel long-acting GLP-1/GIP/glucagon triple agonist (hm15211) in healthy obese subjects
Authors: JaeDuk Choi, Youngmin Kim, Kahee Eun, Linda Morrow, Marcus Hompesch, Seungjae Baek
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2020)
HAY'S REACTION FOR BILIARY ACIDS—A CORRECTION.
Journal: JAMA (1902)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Evaluating individual hospital quality through outcome statistics
Authors: H. S. Luft
Journal: JAMA (1986)

Case abstract data are routinely collected by hospital abstracting services, peer review organizations, and some state agencies. These data have proved invaluable in the analysis of patterns of performance across large numbers of hospitals and have shown, for example, the inverse relation between diagnosis- or procedure-specific volume and outcome. Routinely collected data also appear to be an attractive means for identifying hospitals, and perhaps physicians, with particularly good or poor outcomes for their patients. Unfortunately, problems of small numbers of patients and relatively low rates of poor outcomes make it difficult to be confident in the identification of individual performers. Recent data for cardiac catheterization patients are used to illustrate this problem. (<i>JAMA</i>1986;255:2780-2784)
The Medical Annual: A Year Book of Treatment and Practitioners' Index. Sixty-ninth year, 1951
Journal: JAMA (1952)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Cover
Authors: Loretta S. Loftus
Journal: JAMA (1991)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Hemophilia
Authors: S. Raymond Gambino
Journal: JAMA (1962)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Dr. Cynthia Stoltze Hardison's answer to Dr. A. J. Greenbank's query on routine tests in screening for hemophilia (Questions and Answers,<i>JAMA</i><b>178</b>:783 [Nov. 18] 1961) has completely nullified what little progress I had made in educating the medical staff on the gross inadequacies of "routine" bleeding and clotting times for the detection of unsuspected bleeding disorders. Dr. Hardison suggests that routine tests are indicated and that this routine should include a bleeding time and a coagulation time. This suggestion is contrary to an extensive body of knowledge. Wilkinson et al. (<i>Lancet</i><b>2</b>:947-950 [Oct. 28] 1961), found that of 214 patients with hemophilia only 42% had abnormal coagulation times; and that of 38 patients with PTC deficiency only 53% had abnormal coagulation times. On the other hand, of the total of 267 cases with either hemophilia or PTC deficiency, 93% had clinical symptoms of excessive
"AMERICAN MEDICAL AID FOR RUSSIA"
Journal: JAMA (1922)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Investigating hyponatraemia
Authors: A. Wakil, J. M. Ng, S. L. Atkin
Journal: BMJ (2011)

A 13-year-old boy with anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery has been studied before and after anastomosis of the artery to the aorta, using a saphenous vein graft. There was suggestive evidence of improved left ventricular function following operation. The presence of associated mitral regurgitation is suspected from the auscultatory findings.
Lawyer control of internal scientific research to protect against products liability lawsuits. The Brown and Williamson documents
Authors: P. Hanauer
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To understand how attorneys for the tobacco industry in general, and Brown and Williamson Tobacco Corporation (B&amp;W) in particular, have responded to the threat of products liability litigation arising from smoking-induced diseases. <h3>Data Sources.</h3> —Documents from B&amp;W, the British American Tobacco Company (BAT), and othertobacco interests provided by an anonymous source, obtained from Congress, or received from the private papers of a former BAT officer. <h3>Study Selection.</h3> —All available materials, including confidential reports regarding research and internal memoranda exchanged between tobacco industry lawyers. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —The documents demonstrate that the tobacco industry in general, and B&amp;W in particular, were very concerned about the threat of products liability lawsuits, and they illustrate some of the steps taken by lawyers at one company to avoid the discovery of documents that might be useful to a plaintiff in such a lawsuit. These steps included efforts to control the language of scientific discourse on issues related to smoking and health, to bring all potentially damaging internal scientific documents under attorney work product and attorney-client privilege to avoid discovery, to remove "deadwood" documents, and to insulate B&amp;W from knowledge of potentially damaging scientific information from other BAT companies. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1995;274:234-240)
AMA Presents Cigaret Labeling Views to FTC
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Travelers' diarrhea. NIH Consensus Development Conference
Journal: JAMA (1985)

Diarrhea is the major health problem in travelers to developing countries. Travel to high-risk areas in Latin America, Africa, the Middle East, and Asia is associated with diarrhea rates of 20% to 50%. The syndrome is caused by an infection acquired by ingesting fecally contaminated food or beverages. Escherichia coli, a common species of enteric bacteria, is the leading pathogen, although a host of other bacteria, viruses, and protozoa have been implicated in some cases. Prudent dietary and hygienic practices should be followed, and they will prevent some, but not all, diarrhea. Antimicrobial agents are not recommended for prevention of TD. Such widespread usage in millions of travelers would cause many side effects, including some severe ones, while preventing a disease that has had no reported mortality. Instead of universal antimicrobial prophylaxis, a more sensible approach is rapid institution of effective treatment that can shorten the disease to 30 hours or less in most people. For mild diarrhea, an antimotility drug such as diphenoxylate or loperamide could be taken. Alternatively, bismuth subsalicylate, which works somewhat slower, can be used. For more severe diarrhea, an antimicrobial drug may be used for treatment, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, trimethoprim alone, and doxycycline are among the choices. These drugs could be carried by the traveler for use in the event of illness. Oral rehydration should be instituted when necessary. The millions of Americans who travel annually to developing countries and their physicians must be warned of the potential risks of prophylactic antimicrobial drugs, with the attendant side effects in otherwise healthy individuals, and should be informed of the alternative method of prompt, effective treatment of diarrhea.