tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Nutrition
Authors: R. M. Russell
Journal: JAMA (1995)

Obesity prevalence in the United States has increased approximately 8% between 1976 to 1980 and 1988 to 1991.<sup>1</sup>Adult men and women were on average 3.6 kg heavier in the latter period vs the former. To the major health risks of obesity (diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia) is added another problem: a well-documented discrimination against obese people, with important social and economic consequences. In a 7-year follow-up study of females aged 16 to 24 years, obese females were less likely to have been married and had less schooling, lower incomes, and higher rates of household poverty than females with other chronic medical conditions.<sup>2</sup> Because most obese people cannot achieve prolonged weight loss with dietary-restriction regimens alone, the treatment of obesity with anorexigenic medications is now being considered. Serotonergic agonists (eg, fenfluramine hydrochloride) and adrenergic compounds (eg, phentermine hydrochloride, diethylpropion hydrochloride, and mazindol) are being studied for their ability
Clinical Gastroenterology
Authors: Robert A. Levine
Journal: JAMA (1985)

At a time when lengthy textbooks of gastroenterology seem to be proliferating, this book represents a concise overview of its clinical aspects. The book is more than a core curriculum or guide to current therapy, but less than a standard text. It is well organized, remarkably accurate, and straightforward in its presentation and will be helpful for the busy clinician who meets daily the challenge of gastrointestinal (GI) tract disease. Seven of the 20 contributors are surgeons, and, therefore, the emphasis is perhaps more surgical than in most gastroenterology books. The book is divided into two parts: "Presenting Manifestations of Gastrointestinal Diseases" and "Disorders of the Gastrointestinal Tract." The latter section offers crisp reviews of clinical, diagnostic, and therapeutic considerations, but the former is less effective in its attempt to survey relevant pathophysiology or signs and symptoms. The editors have complemented the text with a reasonable number of informative tables
Paraneoplastic CNS and renal syndromes. Simultaneous occurrence in a patient with bronchogenic carcinoma
Authors: F. M. Vincent
Journal: JAMA (1978)

THE TERM carcinomatous neuromyopathy was introduced by Brain and Henson<sup>1</sup>to describe the neurological syndromes that occur with malignant tumors in the absence of CNS metastases. These paraneoplastic effects of cancer on the CNS are largely manifested clinically as cerebellar degeneration, dementia, myelopathy, encephalopathy, or disorders of the motor unit. To my knowledge, cases of opsoclonus, a rare ocular dyskinesia characterized by rapid and arrhythmic conjugate oscillations of the eyes in all directions, have been reported twice in the past as a remote effect of lung cancer.<sup>2</sup> A patient had development of opsoclonus, dementia, and cerebellar dysfunction as the initial manifestation of an occult oat cell carcinoma of the lung. In addition, this patient suffered from the nephrotic syndrome secondary to an immune-complex glomerulonephritis, presumably of paraneoplastic origin. To my knowledge, this combination of a remote effect of carcinoma on both the CNS and the kidney has not
A Medical Non Sequitur
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Corrigenda
Journal: BMJ (1945)

Mersalyl and Cardiac Failure Q.-A patient has gross oedeoma duie to cardiac failure.The responise to intravenous injections of mersalyl is unfortunately becoming less, and the oedema is remaining stationary.I would be glad of advice.Could the mersalyl be comnbined with mag.sulph.?A.-Mersalyl may be given with ammonium chloride.Forty-five grains of the latter should be given in capsules of 15 grains, enteric- coated if possible, 45 minutes before the mersalyl.Intravenous injec- tion of cardophylin (0.25 gramme) might be tried, but is not very likely to surpass the mersalyl.The intake of sodium-mainly, of course, as sodium chloride-should be rigidly controlled.Fluid intake is usually restricted to 1I to 2 pints.This may cause arterial dehydra- tion, for the bulk of the fluid is in the interstitial tissues.Bacon, meat, and eggs contain a good deal of sodium, and a careful diet should be laid down so that an intake of NaCl of 2 grammes daily is not exceeded.In heart failure there may be hypoproteinaemia, and dropsy may be due to this.Then full protein is needed.Removal of oedema or ascites by puncture may initiate diuresis.
Fifth Water Chlorination Conference: Environmental Impact and Health Effects
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1984)

Journal Article Fifth Water Chlorination Conference: Environmental Impact and Health Effects Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 72, Issue 4, April 1984, Page 963, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/72.4.963-d Published: 01 April 1984
Patient vs Physician Follow-up for Melanoma: A Clarification-Reply
Authors: Matthias Weiss
Journal: JAMA (1996)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —The clarification by Drs Poo and Ariyan is noted. Their revised results are now more in concert with those we reported, and they provide further support for the follow-up schedule in our revised protocol. As discussed in our article, these patients are seen for a history and examination monthly for 2 months, every other month for the rest of the first year, at 4-month intervals for the next year, at 6-month intervals for the next 3 years, and annually thereafter.
FK506 inhibits human lymphocyte migration and the production of lymphocyte chemotactic factors in liver allograft recipients
Authors: D Adams
Journal: Hepatology (1996)

The macroglide immunosuppressant FK506 is effective at preventing and reversing hepatic allograft rejection. The establishment of graft rejection is dependent upon an influx of lymphocytes from the circulation into the graft in response to locally secreted chemotactic factors. Thus, inhibition of lymphocyte migration might be an additional mode of action of FK506 that could block lymphocyte recruitment to rejecting liver allografts. In the present study, we provide evidence to support this hypothesis because we have demonstrated, using in vitro migration assays, that FK506 can inhibit the migration of lymphocytes, including CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells, to structurally diverse chemotactic factors that are present during human liver allograft rejection. In addition, FK506 acts on lymphocytes in patients with graft rejection to inhibit migration and to block the secretion of chemotactic factors in vitro. Thus, FK506 might reverse established graft rejection by inhibiting lymphocyte recruitment to the graft in vivo.
Stat Bite:Ovarian Cancer Incidence: Distribution by Age
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1995)

Stat Bite :Ovarian Cancer Incidence: Distribution by Age Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 87, Issue 17, 6 September 1995, Page 1280, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/87.17.1280 Published: 06 September 1995
Cell Heredity
Authors: Avery A. Sandberg
Journal: JAMA (1961)

Considering present-day publication dynamics, this is an up-to-date, erudite, and comprehensive review of the field of cell heredity. Since the genetics of microorganisms lends itself to more objective evaluation, and since much of our present-day knowledge concerning hereditary mechanisms comes from and has been solidified by studies with viruses and bacteria, it is not surprising that a preponderant part of the book is devoted to the important field of microbial genetics. The concept of the gene, and especially our ignorance regarding its intimate structure and integration into the macrostructure of the chromosome, are wisely stressed in several places without obfuscating the importance of recent developments in this area. Much emphasis has been placed on the correlation of advances in the fields of nucleic acid ( singularly DNA ) and protein chemistry and biochemistry with various cellular hereditary phenomena. This correlation gives the reader an inkling of the challenging and fascinating field of
RETAINED SPONGE SIMULATING CARCINOMA OF CERVIX UTERI: REPORT OF A CASE
Journal: JAMA (1921)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The medical school of the future and its role in the community
Authors: G. James
Journal: JAMA (1967)

The dean of a developing medical school must plan now to train young men and women who will not have completed their residencies until a full decade has elapsed. Anyone who ponders the amazing developments in both biological science and social change during the past five years must share the dismay and humility we face as we accept the challenge of predicting the next ten. The possibility of major breakthroughs in our understanding and ability to cope with problems in cancer, heart disease, stroke, diabetes, to mention but a few, is matched by major changes in automation and computers and the possibility of equally dramatic revolutions in the social aspects of medicine. The last Congress passed five specific measures, namely, Titles XVIIIA, XVIIIB, and XIX of Medicare, the Regional Medical Programs and Comprehensive Health Planning, each of which suggests a specific set of philosophies and goals toward the improvement of
A1.25 FC gamma receptors enhance bone erosion in experimental arthritis by stimulating synovial inflammation and activation of osteoclasts
Authors: I Di Ceglie, S Verbeek, P van der Kraan, W van den Berg, P van Lent
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2016)

<h3>Background and objectives</h3> Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is characterised by&nbsp;bone destruction in joints caused by enhanced activity of osteoclasts. Ig-G containing immune complexes (ICs) correlate with disease severity and bone erosion&nbsp;and are recognised by Fc gamma receptors (FcgγRs) on myeloid cells. Here we investigated the role of FcgγRs in osteoclast-mediated bone erosion in an immune complex mediated model of arthritis (AIA antigen induced arthritis) using mice lacking the complete set of FcgγRs. <h3>Material and methods</h3> AIA was induced by injection of mBSA into the knee joint of FcγRI, II, III, IV<sup>-/-</sup> and WT control mice previously immunised with mBSA/CFA. Joint inflammation, bone destruction and number of TRAP positive osteoclasts was determined in total knee joints sections. mBSA antibody titers were measured&nbsp;using ELISA and T cells response monitored with a lymphocyte stimulation test. Osteoclast precursor subsets were defined through FACS analysis. Gene expression was measured using RT-PCR. <h3>Results</h3> The amount of bone erosionin the knee joint of FcgγRI, II, III, IV<sup>-/-</sup> mice was decreased compared to WT controls&nbsp;both at 7 and 21 days after induction of AIA. The immune response against mBSA (serum level of specific anti mBSA IgG and mBSA specific T-cell response) was comparable between the two strains. At day 7 after AIA induction, the decrease in bone erosion in FcgγRI, II, III, IV<sup>-/-&nbsp;</sup>coincided with lowering of macrophages within the synovium. The percentage of osteoclast precursor within the bone marrow (CD11b<sup>low-neg</sup>/ Ly6C<sup>high</sup>) was comparable between FcgγRI, II, III, IV<sup>-/-</sup> and WT. Although less macrophages were detected within the synovium, no differences were found in the number of mature osteoclasts present at locations of bone erosion, suggesting that mainly the activity of osteoclasts was affected in the KO animals. Levels of macrophage derived factors like IL-1β and S100A8, known to strongly induce osteoclast activity, were reduced both at gene expression level and protein level in the synovium of FcgγRI, II, III, IV<sup>-/-</sup> mice. <h3>Conclusions</h3> FcgγRs promote bone erosion in AIA by enhancing influx of macrophages within the synovium and release of factors such as IL-1β and S100A8 able to stimulate osteoclast activity.
National Strategy on Endocrine Disruptors
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1996)

ForumThe third part of the study, a collabo- rative venture with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), funds a variety of disease prevention programs at several university-based centers nation- wide.With the particular goal of including women of diverse races and lower socio- economic status, these projects focus on such issues as improving delivery of diabetes care, reducing cardiovascular risk among black women, and measuring phys- ical activity in women.This arm of the ini- tiative began in 1995 and will run on a five-year funding period.To date, approximately 65,000 women have enrolled in the observational and clin- ical trials at 40 centers around the country.The director of the initiative, Loretta Finnegan, says the investigators aim to have 164,500 participants by 1998.The study will be completed in 2005, at which point researchers will analyze data.They expect to provide results by 2007.This is the largest study of women ever undertaken and the numbers involved can become overwhelming.To manage the project on all levels, the NIH established one central coordinating center in Seattle, Washington.Staff at the center manage all data from that location, aided by a com- puter network."All of our sites are con- nected all the time by a network," explains Garnet Anderson, a project director for data coordination at the center.Thus, Anderson can freely access data from all 40 clinical centers.Because the initiative extends over such a long period, the scientists must continual- ly reevaluate the research protocol and inte- grate new data as they become available.
Abstract 3524: Whole-exome sequencing of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma identifies recurrent mutations in Chinese subjects
Authors: Meng Liu, Lin Feng, Hai yin An
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Background and Aims: Epidemiological and etiological studies have shown that environmental and genetic factors play vital roles in esophageal carcinogenesis. However the genetic risk factors of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) still remain unclear. Here, we aimed to identify the recurrent mutations of ESCC in Chinese Uygur subjects from the China Xinjiang high-risk region by using a whole-exome sequencing method. Materials and Methods: We collected 50 Chinese Uygur patients with ESCC tumors and matched blood samples and adjacent normal oesophageal tissues (≥5cm from tumour site) at Xinjiang tumor hospital in China. Informed consent was obtained from each participant, and this study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Xinjiang tumor hospital. All the individuals underwent oesophagectomy and received no chemotherapy or radiotherapy before surgery. Whole-exome sequencing analysis (100bp) of DNA samples from 50 ESCC was performed on the Illumina HiSeq X Ten System. Results: We obtained 353,56 SNVs and 1157 indels in the exonic regions of 50 ESCC samples. Besides, we found the predominant mutations were the C&amp;gt;T and C&amp;gt;A transitions at TpCpW trinucleotide sites. And Three ESCC signatures were derived, which are highly similar to validated Signatrue-1, Signature-5 and Signature-13 in Cosmic. We identified four significantly mutated genes including TP53, CDKN2A, LGALS3 and C16orf3 (q&amp;lt;0.5). Moreover, the aberrant pathways including the receptor tyrosine kinases (RTK/RAS/ phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K)), NOTCH, WNT, Hippo, TP53 and cell cycle were identified. Conclusions: We provided mutated genes and disrupted pathways in ESCCs. These findings might be used to specific treatments for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in Chinese Uygur subjects. Acknowledgements: This work was supported by the Research Fund of Key Laboratory of Xinjiang oncology (No. 2017D04006) and Outstanding Youth Science and technology training project fund of Xinjiang (No. 2017Q058). Citation Format: Meng Liu, Lin Feng, Hai yin An. Whole-exome sequencing of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma identifies recurrent mutations in Chinese subjects [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 3524.
Sixth International Meeting on Chemical Modifiers of Cancer Treatment
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1987)

Sixth International Meeting on Chemical Modifiers of Cancer Treatment JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 79, Issue 5, November 1987, Page 1173, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/79.5.1173-e Published: 01 November 1987
Chagas' disease in Latin American immigrants
Authors: L. V. Kirchhoff
Journal: JAMA (1985)

Chagas' disease is caused by<i>Trypanosoma cruzi</i>, a protozoan parasite that infects an estimated 10 to 12 million Latin Americans. Because infection is often lifelong, individuals from endemic areas may develop symptomatic chronic Chagas' disease years after emigrating to the United States. We report three immigrant patients from Latin America who illustrate the indeterminate phase and the symptomatic cardiac and gastrointestinal syndromes of this illness. (<i>JAMA</i>1985;254:3058-3060)
A System of Surgery
Journal: JAMA (1895)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
My Audition
Authors: Richard B. Weinberg
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2014)

On Being a Doctor17 June 2014My AuditionRichard B. Weinberg, MDRichard B. Weinberg, MDFrom Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/M14-0052 Audio Reading - “My Audition” Audio. Michael A. LaCombe, MD, Annals Associate Editor, reads "My Audition," by R.B. Weinberg. Your browser does not support the audio element. Audio player progress bar Step backward in current audio track Play current audio trackPause current audio track Step forward in current audio track Mute current audio trackUnmute current audio track 00:00/ SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Dr. Janeway is on the line,” my secretary informed me with an urgent edge to her voice. “He wants to speak with you—now.”I had only recently joined the faculty of the Bowman Gray School of Medicine (as Wake Forest School of Medicine was called before 1997). What had I done to attract the attention of Dr. Richard Janeway, its long-reigning, legendary dean?“Phil Hanes needs a new internist, and I think you'd be a perfect match,” he told me.Although I had lived in Winston-Salem only a short time, I had heard of Philip Hanes. Scion of the Hanes ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Richard B. Weinberg, MDAffiliations: From Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina.Corresponding Author: Richard B. Weinberg, MD, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157; e-mail, weinberg@wakehealth.edu. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement Audio Reading - “My Audition” Audio. Michael A. LaCombe, MD, Annals Associate Editor, reads "My Audition," by R.B. Weinberg. Your browser does not support the audio element. Audio player progress bar Step backward in current audio track Play current audio trackPause current audio track Step forward in current audio track Mute current audio trackUnmute current audio track 00:00/ FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byCancer overdiagnosis: a biological challenge and clinical dilemma 17 June 2014Volume 160, Issue 12 Page: 872-873 Keywords Convulsions Epinephrine Forecasting Hearing Heart Internet Oils Pharynx Thorax Touch ePublished: 17 June 2014 Issue Published: 17 June 2014 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2014 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...