tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Locating and Appraising Systematic Reviews
Authors: Dereck L. Hunt
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1998)

Letters15 February 1998Locating and Appraising Systematic ReviewsDereck L. Hunt, MD and K. Ann McKibbon, MLSDereck L. Hunt, MDMcMaster University; Hamilton, Ontario L8N 3Z5, CanadaSearch for more papers by this author and K. Ann McKibbon, MLSMcMaster University; Hamilton, Ontario L8N 3Z5, CanadaSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-128-4-199802150-00028 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:Dr. Castro and colleagues report the minimal overlap between journals indexed in LILACS and those indexed in MEDLINE. This suggests that the former may be a rich source of primary research as well as reviews. For persons who are concerned about comprehensive searching and have the skills and resources to use literature published in different languages, LILACS may be very valuable.The terminology issue raised by Dr. Atkins highlights confusion in the field: Both the “test of homogeneity” and the “test of heterogeneity” are used in the literature. We agree with Dr. Atkins's interpretation of this test. We ...References1. Lau J, Ioannidis JP, Schmid CH. Quantitative synthesis in systematic reviews. Ann Intern Med. 1997; 127:820-6. Google Scholar2. Meade MO, Richardson WS. Selecting and appraising studies for a systematic review. Ann Intern Med. 1997; 127:531-7. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Dereck L. Hunt, MD; K. Ann McKibbon, MLSAffiliations: McMaster University; Hamilton, Ontario L8N 3Z5, Canada PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byOlder adults in the emergency department: A systematic review of patterns of use, adverse outcomes, and effectiveness of interventionsUnderstanding the Evolution of NSAID: A Knowledge Domain Visualization Approach to Evidence-Based Medicine 15 February 1998Volume 128, Issue 4Page: 323KeywordsInformation storage and retrievalPopulation statisticsStatistical dataSystematic reviews ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 February 1998 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1998 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
The Self-reporting of Cocaine Use
Authors: Richard Needle
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Drs McNagny and Parker<sup>1</sup>present the results of their study of the validity of self-reports of recent cocaine use among predominantly African-American patients aged 18 to 34 years in an inner-city, hospital-based, walk-in clinic.<sup>1</sup>Their study reveals that the prevalence of cocaine use in this population is (1) quite high (39% had positive urinalysis for cocaine); (2) higher than self-reported use (only 45.6% with cocaine-positive urinalysis reported use in the past week); and (3) considerably higher than that reflected in the National Household Survey for African Americans in this age group (12%). Among other conclusions are (1) patient self-report of illicit drug use is highly inaccurate; (2) less specific questions result in more valid responses; and (3) policymakers seeking information from surveys of illicit drug use must realize that respondent self-report may provide severe underestimates of use. This conclusion reaches beyond the limitations of the
MEDICOLEGAL.
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
COPD Unwound
Authors: Steven D. Shapiro
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2005)

In this issue of the Journal, Ito and colleagues show that the proinflammatory state in severe stages of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is related to chromatin unwinding.1 To review basic gene regulation quickly, the balance between histone deacetylases (HDACs) and histone acetylases determines the state of histone acetylation. Acetylated histone prompts the unwinding of chromatin, allowing transcriptional complexes to bind to DNA and generate messenger RNA. In COPD, oxidants from cigarette smoke or inflammatory cells modify and deactivate HDAC2 in lung macrophages, allowing RNA polymerase II and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) to bind to DNA and promote transcription of matrix . . .
Forty years among the proteins
Authors: J. T. Edsall
Journal: JAMA (1966)

I am deeply touched by the great honor of receiving the Passano Foundation award, and having my name joined to the splendid list of previous recipients. Indeed, the reading of this list strikes me with particular force, since the first such award was made 21 years ago to my former chief, Edwin J. Cohn. It was he who initiated me into the field of protein chemistry, and exercised a determining influence on my whole career, and I remained a member of the department that he headed for about a quarter of a century. Since I first entered Cohn's laboratory, just 40 years ago, I have seen the study of proteins develop from a special field involving a few dedicated biochemists, to a vast area of research, involving the activities of thousands of investigators. Today protein chemistry is involved, not only with every aspect of modern biochemistry, but with microbiology, evolution,
Parenteral
Authors: Douglas W. Huestis
Journal: JAMA (1973)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Since the word "parenteral" means by a route other than through the intestinal canal, eg, by injection, "nonparenteral" is, in effect, a double negative and requires the reader to stop and analyze what it means. Infection by such routes as sexual contact or nasal droplets is by definition parenteral. Surely "enteric" would be clearer than "non-parenteral" in the article of Bryan et al inThe Journal(223:279, 1973) and in other scientific communications. If "enteric" is too specific, then "non-injected" or "uninoculated" might be closer to the authors' meaning.
L'arthrite chronique de la hanche.
Journal: JAMA (1931)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Colored Filter Use Makes X-rays Easier to Read
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Management of Primary Hyperparathyroidism
Authors: L. Deftos
Journal: Annual Review of Medicine (1993)

Primary hyperparathyroidism is a common disease that can be accurately diagnosed and effectively treated in most patients. The diagnosis is established by a persistent elevation of serum calcium and parathyroid hormone and by clinical evaluation. Surgery is the appropriate treatment, and preoperative localization procedures are seldom indicated. Selected patients with mild disease may be followed by procedures devised to identify deterioration of skeletal, neurological, and renal function. The accurate diagnosis and effective treatment of primary hyperparathyroidism are rewarding clinical experiences for the endocrinologist and surgeon.
A new strategy to prevent the spread of AIDS among heterosexuals
Authors: D. F. Echenberg
Journal: JAMA (1985)

Until recently, the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) has been considered a disease only of certain specific high-risk groups: homosexual and bisexual men, intravenous drug users, recent Haitian immigrants, hemophiliacs, and persons who had received transfusions of blood or blood products. The primary public health strategy for controlling AIDS was to educate these high-risk groups about the disease and its transmission so that they could reduce their own risk of acquiring and transmitting it. This control strategy implied that AIDS was occurring only within these groups and that it would remain there. In San Francisco this strategy has been employed for some years with dramatic, sustained changes in high-risk sexual activity among homosexual men. Rectal gonorrhea rates in San Francisco have sharply declined, and other sexually transmitted diseases have shown similar decreases (San Francisco Department of Public Health, unpublished data, June 1985). However, even though the number of high-risk sexual contacts
ABSTRACTS
Authors: F Ross, Abstr Acters, Helen Belding, N Oliver, P Jones, Sheila Callender, Conrad Maier, George Cartwright, Roger Crafts, P Soulier, Charles Emerson, Ramon Suarez, Puerto Rico, Solomon Estren, Wm Valentine, D Hegsted, C Finch, T Kinney, M Melohn, J Huston, E Hasten, J Clemmons, J Lalich
Journal: Blood (1950)
Correction: Editor's Note: Loss of Histone H4K20 Trimethylation Occurs in Preneoplasia and Influences Prognosis of Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Arnaud Van Den Broeck, Elisabeth Brambilla, Denis Moro-Sibilot, Sylvie Lantuejoul, Christian Brambilla, Beatrice Eymin, Sylvie Gazzeri
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2020)
Potential biomarkers of response in chronic hepatitis B patients who achieved HBeAg loss upon treatment with toll-like receptor 8 (TLR8) agonist selgantolimod
Authors: Diana Chen, Sam Kim, Anna Brooks, Liao Zhang, Ondrej Podlaha, Jenny Yang, Anuj Gaggar, P. Rod Dunbar, Jeffrey Wallin
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2020)
The International Medical Annual. A Year Book of Treatment and Practitioner's Index.
Journal: JAMA (1921)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Problem-oriented approach to practice. II. Development of the system through audit and implication
Authors: H. M. Tufo
Journal: JAMA (1977)

WHEN Weed first described the Problem-Oriented Medical Record (POMR), he identified four phases of medical action: (1) data base, (2) problem formulation, (3) plans, and (4) follow-up.<sup>1</sup>Bjorn and Cross<sup>2</sup>described the records' usefulness in private practice. An important body of literature has evolved since then, discussing both the benefits and deficiencies of this approach to clinical record keeping. We have previously described the steps taken in developing a practice based on the principles of problem-orientation coupled to a performance audit.<sup>3</sup>We have designated this coupling of the principles of problem-orientation to audit as the problem-oriented system (POS). The first step in the problem-oriented approach to care involves the creation of a defined data base, standardized so that important omissions are readily identified. The next step is formulation of a problem list, the dynamic list providing a precise compilation of the patient's health-related problems. It includes not
Incidence of adverse drug events and potential adverse drug events. Implications for prevention. ADE Prevention Study Group
Authors: D. W. Bates
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>Objectives.</h3> —To assess incidence and preventability of adverse drug events (ADEs) and potential ADEs. To analyze preventable events to develop prevention strategies. <h3>Design.</h3> —Prospective cohort study. <h3>Participants.</h3> —All 4031 adult admissions to a stratified random sample of 11 medical and surgical units in two tertiary care hospitals over a 6-month period. Units included two medical and three surgical intensive care units and four medical and two surgical general care units. <h3>Main Outcome Measures.</h3> —Adverse drug events and potential ADEs. <h3>Methods.</h3> —Incidents were detected by stimulated self-report by nurses and pharmacists and by daily review of all charts by nurse investigators. Incidents were subsequently classified by two independent reviewers as to whether they represented ADEs or potential ADEs and as to severity and preventability. <h3>Results.</h3> —Over 6 months, 247 ADEs and 194 potential ADEs were identified. Extrapolated event rates were 6.5 ADEs and 5.5 potential ADEs per 100 nonobstetrical admissions, for mean numbers per hospital per year of approximately 1900 ADEs and 1600 potential ADEs. Of all ADEs, 1% were fatal (none preventable), 12% life-threatening, 30% serious, and 57% significant. Twenty-eight percent were judged preventable. Of the life-threatening and serious ADEs, 42% were preventable, compared with 18% of significant ADEs. Errors resulting in preventable ADEs occurred most often at the stages of ordering (56%) and administration (34%); transcription (6%) and dispensing errors (4%) were less common. Errors were much more likely to be intercepted if the error occurred earlier in the process: 48% at the ordering stage vs 0% at the administration stage. <h3>Conclusion.</h3> —Adverse drug events were common and often preventable; serious ADEs were more likely to be preventable. Most resulted from errors at the ordering stage, but many also occurred at the administration stage. Prevention strategies should target both stages of the drug delivery process. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1995;274:29-34)
Long-term follow-up of patients with chronic hepatitis and multiple viral infections (HBV-HCV): Natural history and response to interferon Dept. Gastroenterology, Molinette Hospital, Turin, Italy
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

OBJECTIVES:In this study, we aimed to evaluate the persistence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA and the role of HBV core promoter and precore region mutations in 28 young cancer survivor patients with HBV or HBV and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections, and persistently normal ALT levels, after spontaneous or interferon (IFN)-induced anti-hepatitis B e (HBe) seroconversion.METHODS:Sera from 15 patients with HBV and 13 with dual HBV-HCV infection were analyzed for the presence of HBV-DNA and HCV-RNA by polymerase chain reaction 3 yr after anti-HBe seroconversion. A total of 21 patients had seroconverted spontaneously and seven did so after IFN treatment. The core promoter and the precore regions were amplified sequenced directly.RESULTS:Among patients with HBV infection, HBV-DNA was detected in five of nine (55%) with spontaneous anti-HBe and in all six treated patients (p = 0.092). In the coinfected patients, four had cleared both HBV-DNA and HCV-RNA, five were HBV-DNA negative/HCV-RNA positive and four had the reverse viral pattern. Among the 15 patients with persistence of HBV-DNA, a 7-base pair nucleotide deletion in the core promoter (1757-1763) was present in seven of 10 patients with spontaneous and in one of five patients with IFN-induced seroconversion (p = 0.033). The G1896A precore stop codon mutation was never observed. HBV-DNA levels were significantly lower in patients with the core promoter deletion (p = 0.011). The 7–base pair deletion generated a truncated X protein at amino-acid position 132.CONCLUSIONS:A core promoter deletion after anti-HBe seroconversion was associated with low HBV-DNA levels, probably because of downregulation of pregenomic RNA production and truncation of the X protein. HBV-DNA persistence was a frequent event, even in the absence of active liver disease.
Abstract 4013: CoA Synthase (<i>COASY</i>): A novel predictive marker and functional protein that mediates radiation resistance via PI3K signaling in rectal cancer
Authors: Sylvain Ferrandon, Jennifer DeVecchio, Leonardo Duares, Hanuman Chouhan, Jacqueline Davenport, Georgios Karagkounis, Matthew Orloff, David Liska, Matthew F. Kalady
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Purpose: Rectal cancer response to neoadjuvant chemoradiation is prognostic for disease-free and overall survival, with better responders enjoying better outcomes. Understanding the biology underlying better responses to therapy could lead to more personalized treatment approaches. The purpose of this study was to evaluate a newly identified biomarker and explore its mechanism of action. Experimental Design: Pretreatment human rectal cancer samples underwent DNA microarray analysis and profiles were compared to post-chemoradiation histologic regression scores. A candidate gene, COASY (which encodes for Coenzyme A Synthase), was stably knocked down by shRNA in colorectal cell lines, and the effects on response to radiation were tested in a xenograft model. The biological function of COASY was first assessed by Gene Set Enrichment Assay (GSEA). Its effects on cell death, cell survival, and DNA repair capacity in colorectal cell lines was analyzed. Immunoprecipitation of COASY followed by LC-MS/MS analysis was done to identify COASY partners. Results: COASY gene expression was overexpressed in rectal cancer compared to normal rectum and was significantly correlated to the tumor regression score. Tumors from cell lines knocked down for COASY had a strong delayed tumor growth, less proliferation, and more apoptosis after irradiation than the control cell line using in vivo xenograft models. In addition, a higher cell death rate after irradiation was observed in vitro in two colorectal cancer cell lines knocked down for COASY. Mechanistically, a physical interaction between COASY and the PI3K regulatory subunit PI3K-P85α was identified; which led to a modulation of AKT and mTOR phosphorylation after irradiation. Furthermore, there were more residual double DNA strand breaks after irradiation in cell lines knocked down for COASY accompanied by a decrease in DNA-PK and MRE11 protein levels. Conclusion: COASY serves as a predictive biomarker for rectal cancer response to neoadjuvant chemoradiation and its increased levels correlate with poor response. In addition to its role as a predictive biomarker, COASY has biological relevance leading to increased radiation resistance via the PI3K pathway-dependent increase in DNA repair capacity. Citation Format: Sylvain Ferrandon, Jennifer DeVecchio, Leonardo Duares, Hanuman Chouhan, Jacqueline Davenport, Georgios Karagkounis, Matthew Orloff, David Liska, Matthew F. Kalady. CoA Synthase (COASY): A novel predictive marker and functional protein that mediates radiation resistance via PI3K signaling in rectal cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 4013.
Correction: ASC-J9 Suppresses Renal Cell Carcinoma Progression by Targeting an Androgen Receptor–Dependent HIF2a/VEGF Signaling Pathway
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

which appeared in the August 15, 2014, issue of Cancer Research (1), the authors found errors in Fig. 5G and Supplementary Figs.S2B andS7A.These errors were due to mislabeling
ENDOCRINOLOGY AND THE MAMMARY GLAND
Journal: JAMA (1925)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal