tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
National medical response to mass disasters in the United States. Are we prepared?
Authors: E. A. Pretto
Journal: JAMA (1991)

Preparing for a resuscitation response to mass disasters, such as major earthquakes or industrial disasters, requires revisions of present local, regional, and national disaster plans. These should include the following: (1) life-supporting first aid and basic rescue capability of the lay public; (2) advanced trauma life support and advanced (heavy) rescue capability brought quickly to the scene from local and surrounding (regional) emergency medical services systems; and (3) trauma hospitals sending medical resuscitation teams to, and receiving casualties from, the disaster scene for resuscitative surgery and definitive care. Local and regional everyday emergency medical services systems would respond first. The armed forces should help, at least for transport and security. We propose that the National Disaster Medical System replace its civil defense model with an emergency medical services model, designed to mobilize rapid support for local emergency medical services systems from regional, state, and national resources. Coordination should be by one federal agency, such as the Federal Emergency Management Agency, which, however, needs to focus more on resuscitation through physician input. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1991;266:1259-1262)
P1-169: Multicentric phase II trial of Cisplatin plus Etoposide chemotherapy in advanced Large–Cell Neuro Endocrine Carcinoma of the Lung (LCNEC): preliminary results. Study 03–02 from the “Groupe Francais de Pneumo–cancerologie” (GFPC)
Authors: Jacques Le Treut, Marie Christine Sault, Anne Marie Tasei, N Hoyeaux-Idrissi, Silvani Julesantoine, Jean Marc Vernejoux, Suzanna Bota, Roland Poirier, Laurence Geriniere, Herve Jullian
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)
Hypertrichosis
Authors: Anne P. Forbes
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1965)

The Adrenal GlandsMuch hope has been held in the past that more exact qualitative definition of urinary steroids would reveal the production of a different and more androgenic mixture of steroids by the adrenal glands of patients with hirsutism. Workers have been handicapped by the fact that, although the identity of the major adrenal glucocorticoid in man (cortisol) is known, the identity of the adrenal androgen is not. That such an androgen exists is made clear by a comparison of the normal female with an adrenalectomized or Addisonian female on the one hand and with a female with an . . .
Abstract 16373: Improved Prognostic Performance of Novel Parameters for Grading Aortic Insufficiency Severity in Patients With Left Ventricular Assist Devices
Authors: Jonathan Grinstein, Eric Kruse, Gabriel Sayer, Savitri Fedson, Gene H Kim, Nitasha Sarswat, Sirtaz Adatya, Takeyoshi Ota, Valluvan Jeevanandam, Victor Mor-Avi, Roberto Lang, Nir Uriel
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Background: The development of aortic insufficiency (AI) following continuous flow left ventricular assist device (CF-LVAD) implantation is common, although the clinical significance remains unclear. We previously described novel echocardiographic (TTE) parameters that outperformed traditional TTE parameters in grading AI severity in these patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic performance of these parameters compared to traditional measurements. Methods: CF-LVAD patients with varying degrees of AI (N=57) underwent Doppler TTE of the LVAD outflow cannula. All patients had AI severity graded by our novel parameters (Systolic/Diastolic ratio and the diastolic acceleration of the LVAD outflow cannula) and traditional vena contracta. The prognostic performance of novel and traditional AI parameters was determined by comparing rates of hospital readmission, need for aortic valve intervention and/or urgent transplantation and death (primary endpoints) for each parameter. Results: Grading AI severity using novel AI parameters led to reclassification of 21% of patients from trace/mild AI to moderate or greater AI (N=12). Using traditional AI parameters, there was no difference in the occurrence of the primary endpoint between the trace/mild group and the moderate or greater group (1.08 vs. 0.89 events/person, p=0.39) (Figure 1A). With the novel AI parameters, there were significantly more events in the patients with moderate or greater AI compared to those with trace/mild. (1.11 vs. 0.56 events/person, p=0.02) (Figure 1B). Novel parameters better predicted the need for aortic valve intervention, urgent transplantation or death than traditional methods (p=0.049) (Figure 1C-D). Conclusions: In patients with CF-LVADs, traditional parameters tend to underestimate AI severity and future cardiac events. Novel AI TTE parameters are better able to discriminate AI severity and predict clinically meaningful outcomes.
Adolescents' exposure to violence and associated symptoms of psychological trauma
Authors: M. I. Singer
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To examine the extent to which adolescents are exposed to various types of violence as either victims or witnesses, and the association of such exposure with trauma symptoms; specifically, the hypotheses that exposure to violence will have a positive and significant association with depression, anger, anxiety, dissociation, posttraumatic stress, and total trauma symptoms. <h3>Design and Setting.</h3> —The study employed a survey design using an anonymous self-report questionnaire administered to students (grades 9 through 12) in six public high schools during the 1992-1993 school year. <h3>Participants.</h3> —Sixty-eight percent of the students attending the participating schools during the survey participated in the study (N=3735). Ages ranged from 14 to 19 years; 52% were female; and 35% were African American, 33% white, and 23% Hispanic. <h3>Results.</h3> —All hypotheses were supported. Multiple regression analyses of the total sample revealed that violence exposure variables (and to a lesser extent, demographic variables) explained a significant portion of variance in all trauma symptom scores, including depression (R<sup>2</sup>=.31), anger (R<sup>2</sup>=.30), anxiety (R<sup>2</sup>=.30), dissociation (R<sup>2</sup>=.23), posttraumatic stress (R<sup>2</sup>=.31), and total trauma (R<sup>2</sup>=.37). <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —A significant and consistent association was demonstrated linking violence exposure to trauma symptoms within a diverse sample of high school students. Our findings give evidence of the need to identify and provide trauma-related services for adolescents who have been exposed to violence. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1995;273:477-482)
Joint Study of extracranial arterial occlusion. VII. Subclavian steal--a review of 168 cases
Authors: W. S. Fields
Journal: JAMA (1972)

Among 6,534 patients admitted to the study, 17% showed evidence of subclavian or innominate arterial occlusion or stenosis of 30% or more. Only 168 fulfilled the criteria of "subclavian steal" and more than 80% of these had associated lesions of other extracranial vessels. Differences were noted in operative mortality for various surgical procedures, and complications were higher when the thorax was opened. Mortality and morbidity from stroke were exceedingly high in the surgical group. No significant differences in survival were noted between the medically and surgically treated groups. Patients with subclavian artery disease only did not have strokes during the follow-up period whether they were treated medically, surgically, or not at all.
Erlotinib plus gemcitabine compared to gemcitabine alone in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer. A phase III trial of the National Cancer Institute of Canada Clinical Trials Group [NCIC-CTG]
Authors: M. J. Moore, D. Goldstein, J. Hamm, A. Figer, J. Hecht, S. Gallinger, H. Au, K. Ding, J. Christy-Bittel, W. Parulekar
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

1 Background: Pancreatic cancer is known to frequently over express epidermal growth factor receptor [EGFR]. Erlotinib [Tarceva, OSI-774] is an oral reversible inhibitor of EGFR tyrosine kinase. Methods: Patients had advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma and no prior systemic chemotherapy other than that given concurrently with radiation therapy. EGFR status was not an entry criterion. Patients were randomized to receive gemcitabine 1000 mg/m2 IV weekly X 7 for 8 weeks then weekly x 3 out of 4 weeks plus either erlotinib 100 mg p.o. daily or a placebo in a double blind fashion. Patients were stratified by centre, stage [locally advanced versus metastatic] and performance status [ECOG 0,1 versus 2]. Disease was evaluated by cross sectional imaging every 8 weeks. Dose escalation to 150 mg of erlotinib/placebo was performed in Canadian centres from September 2002- January 2003 (n=48). Results: From November 2001 - January 2003 569 patients were entered on study; 485 had died at the time of analysis. There was a difference in overall survival [p=0.025;log-rank test] that favored the erlotinib arm with a hazard ratio of 0.81 [95% CI 0.67 - 0.97]. The corresponding one-year survival rates were 24% versus 17%. PFS was also significantly improved in the gemcitabine + erlotinib treatment group with a hazard ratio of 0.76, p=0.003. The tumor control rates [CR/PR/SD] were 57% [CR/PR=9%] and 49% [CR/PR=8%] for the erlotinib and placebo groups respectively. An increase in grade 1,2 rash, diarrhea and hematological toxicity was seen with erlotinib. Rates of grade 3, 4 toxicity were comparable in both arms. Tumour retrieval for correlative studies is ongoing- an initial 170 samples have been analyzed for EGFR by immunohistochemistry. Conclusions: The addition of erlotinib to gemcitabine significantly improves survival and progression free survival in advanced pancreatic cancer. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration OSI OSI
The future of the Department of Veterans Affairs
Authors: D. W. Moskowitz
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —The recent article by Drs Fisher and Welsh<sup>1</sup>and the Editorial by Dr Pittman<sup>2</sup>illustrate that the future of the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) is no less than the future of academic medicine. The future of both relies on solving the health care crisis, which itself is due to the following three main problems: escalating costs, lack of preventive health care for 40 million uninsured Americans, and the impending bankruptcy of academic medical centers.<sup>3</sup> The VA's future is grim because of both demographic and financial considerations. The VA will soon lose its major patient base for the past 50 years—World War II and Korean War veterans now in their 60s and older. Even if the VA could lure more veterans and their families away from the private health care sector, it still faces the impossible task of competing with private health maintenance organizations
Neurology
Authors: Maurice W. Van Allen
Journal: JAMA (1978)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Downregulation of phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate?induced tumor necrosis factor?alpha and interleukin-1? production and gene expression in human monocytic cells by human alpha-fetoprotein
Authors: W WANG
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

We previously identified a specific receptor for alphafetoprotein (AFP) on human monocytes. Although AFP alters many immune cell functions, the effect of AFP on monocyte cytokine production is unknown. Because tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) are important cytokines in immunoregulation, we investigated whether AFP could modulate TNF-α and IL-1β production in U937, a human monocytic cell line. Our results showed that U937 cells secreted TNF-a and IL-1β in response to either phorbyl 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) or IFN-γ + LPS. In contrast, AFP significantly suppressed PMA-induced TNF-α and IL-1β production by U937 cells in a time and dose dependent fashion. Pretreatment of U937 cells with AFP resulted in maximal inhibition of PMA-stimulated TNF-α and IL-1β production by 58% and 67%, respectively. AFP also inhibited interferon-γ plus lipopolysaccharide (IFN-γ + LPS)-induced TNF-α and IL-1β production. Furthermore, Northern blot analysis showed that AFP suppressed PMA-mediated TNF-α and IL-1β messenger RNA (mRNA) expression. PMA-induced prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production by U937 cells was enhanced by AFP. Pretreatment with indomethacin, a cyclooxygenase inhibitor, reversed AFP-inhibited TNF-α production by 78%. Thus, we conclude that AFP downregulates TNF-α and IL-1β production via a PGE2-dependent mechanism.
Usher Parsons
Authors: Peter Pineo Chase
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1956)

DR. Usher Parsons was not one of the outstanding surgeons of the country but he had an excellent training, unusually good associations and an interesting career, being best known as the surgeon hero of the Battle of Lake Erie, under Commodore Oliver Hazard Perry.He was born at Alfred, in the point of Maine running down southwest to the Piscataqua River, Kittery and Portsmouth. His early education was fairly good. He went to the village school when he was not working on his father's farm, and then a year at Berwick Academy brought him to the age of thirteen. Work . . .
Whatever became of chlorosis?
Authors: W. H. Crosby
Journal: JAMA (1987)

THE FIRST perennial index of medical literature commenced publication in 1880. That volume included all the A's and some<i>B</i>'s. The second volume of the<i>Index Catalog of the Library of the Surgeon General's Office U.S. Army</i>, containing<i>Berlioz-Cholas</i>, appeared in 1881. The second volume, heftier than any single volume of today's<i>Index Medicus</i>, contains more than seven pages of references to "chlorosis." One hundred years later, in 1981,<i>Index Medicus</i>contains none, not one, no listing at all. Chlorosis is gone from<i>Index Medicus</i>because it is gone from the practice of medicine. In 1881, chlorosis was a common disease, an iron deficiency anemia appearing especially in maturing girls during the adolescent growth spurt; it was less common in mature women and rare in men. It was called chlorosis because the victims were pale green, pale because anemic, green—who knows why? Hippocrates mentioned the greensickness. Shakespeare made a
Ulnar compression in the loge de Guyon
Authors: S. A. Grantham
Journal: JAMA (1966)

JEAN CASIMIR FELIX GUYON was a French surgical pathologist (later professor of genitourinary surgery) who noticed in 1861 that digital pressure over the proximal hypothenar region of his own hand produced a bulge still more proximally at the volar wrist crease.<sup>1</sup>The evanescent swelling was initially considered to be synovial thickening, but cadaver dissection proved it to be a fibrofatty mass arising from an intra-aponeurotic space. Although Dr. Guyon was intrigued primarily by the lump of fibrofatty tissue residing in this "loge" (lodge), he described the course of the ulnar artery and nerve through the region and predicted that compressive difficulties might be clinically anticipated. Isolated ulnar-nerve motor paralysis in the hand due to occupational trauma was first clearly reported by Ramsey Hunt<sup>2</sup>in 1908. Seddon<sup>3</sup>and Brooks,<sup>4</sup>in 1952, independently drew attention to occult carpal ganglia often being the pressure-producing culprit. In an excellent article
Supplement 1564
Journal: BMJ (1934)

A short time ago I received, in common, I suppose, with a great many of my professional colleagues, as part of an advertisement from a firm of wholesale druggists, a reproduction of an old cartoon which depicted the doctor in three aspects: as an angel when called to the bedside of a sick man, as a god when the cure had been effected, and as the very devil when presenting his bill.Whatever other implications there may be in such a presentment it at least indicated this: that the relation between patient and doctor is of considerable importance, and that the It is axiomatic, then, that sound and extensive knowledge
The development of professionalism in the allied health field
Authors: W. K. Selden
Journal: JAMA (1968)

A century and a half ago, Dr. Syntax, the character created by the English author, William Combe, declared in rhyme that "The learned professions, all agree,/Are physic, law and divinity." Although this fictional, reverend doctor stated preferences for the three leading professions, he was not sufficiently bold to identify which of these three he considered to be the most important. Nor will I attempt to prove that one profession is more important than another. However, accepting the contention that medicine, law, and theology are the ancient and learned professions, I wish to indicate that medicine presently has opportunities and, in fact, social obligations that involve some features considered to be the prerogatives of the other two professions. These opportunities have been enhanced by the development of professionalism in the allied health field. We all know that medicine is defined in the dictionary as "the science and art of diagnosing, treating,
Child Anxiety
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Pneumococcal Parotitis
Authors: R. T. Payne
Journal: BMJ (1940)

The common types of pyogenic parotitis are caused by the Staphylococcus aureus,'the Streptococcus viridans, and the pneumococcus.Each of these bacteria gives rise to a pathological and clinical type of the disease with certain clearly defined features.The Staph.aureus characteris- tically gives rise to acute parotitis, the Strep.viridans to recurrent parotitis, and the pneumococcus to a recurrent type of the disease in which the exacerbations are severe and may pass on to suppuration and abscess formation.'rHE 13sITISH MrEDICi' m RNAL
Primary Treatment of Waldenstrom’s Macroglobulinemia (WM) with Dexamethasone, Rituximab and Cyclophosphamide.
Authors: Meletios A. Dimopoulos, Athanasios Anagnostopoulos, Marie Christine Kyrtsonis, Constantinos Tsatalas, Garyfallia Kokkini, Panagiotis Repoussis, Athanasios Zomas, Argiris Symeonidis, Evridiki Michali, Nikolaos Anagnostopoulos, Evangelos Terpos, Theophanis Economopoulos, Gerasimos Pangalis
Journal: Blood (2006)
Obstetrics and Malpractice
Authors: Randall R. Bovbjerg
Journal: JAMA (1991)

Most malpractice litigation in obstetrics could be replaced with an alternative insurance system based on "accelerated-compensation events," which are classes of medical injuries determined in advance by medical experts to be readily identifiable, normally preventable with good care, and nondistorting of medical decision making. This professionally derived system would help prevent injury and improve the resolution of injuries. Prior work on accelerated-compensation events was largely conceptual, so to study the likely effects of accelerated-compensation events, we applied the events to a large database of obstetrical malpractice claims. Results refute prior criticisms. Accelerated-compensation events (1) are definitely feasible to develop and apply, (2) would probably cover two thirds of currently paid claims and three quarters of indemnity dollars, (3) would likely involve substantial savings in time and expense per case, and (4) would probably not introduce an unmanageable number of large new claims. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1991;265:2836-2843)
Cerebral Angiography in Cases of Extremely High Intracranial Pressure
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Masthead: (Adv. Healthcare Mater. 14/2016)
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2016)

Citizenship: Wiley's Corporate Citizenship initiative seeks to address the environmental, social, economic, and ethical challenges faced in our business and which are important to our diverse stakeholder groups.Since launching the initiative, we have focused on sharing our content with those in need, enhancing community philanthropy, reducing our carbon impact, creating global guidelines and best practices for paper use, establishing a vendor code of ethics, and engaging our colleagues and other stakeholders in our efforts.
Fellowships and Grants
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1990)

Journal Article Fellowships and Grants Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 82, Issue 16, 15 August 1990, Pages 1367–1368, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/82.16.1367 Published: 15 August 1990