tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 71: Ca <sup>2+</sup> Reuptake is Reduced in the Absence of Insulin Receptors in Mouse Cardiomyocytes
Authors: Natalia S Torres, Yennhi Nguyen, Angelica Lopez-Izquierdo, Kenneth Spitzer
Journal: Circulation Research (2017)

Left ventricle diastolic dysfunction (LVDD), characterized by slow or incomplete relaxation of the ventricle during diastole, is an important contributor to heart failure development in diabetic patients. LVDD can be found in pre-diabetic patients as well as in almost half of asymptomatic patients with well-controlled diabetes. Reduced Ca 2+ reuptake into the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) by the SR Ca 2+ ATPase (SERCA) is an important contributor to the slow relaxation observed in diastolic dysfunction. Despite this there are still conflicting results with respect to SERCA expression and function in animal models of diabetes, due perhaps to differences in the duration and severity of diabetes and the presence of systemic complications that can per se alter SERCA expression and/or function. Here, we tested the hypothesis that the impaired relaxation observed in diabetic mice is a consequence of the direct effect of insulin on SERCA. We measured Ca 2+ transient relaxation in isolated cardiomyocytes from 8 weeks cardiomyocyte-selective insulin receptor knockout (CIRKO) mice (Cre-IR lox / lox ), , which lack systemic complications, and compared them with their WT littermates (IR lox / lox ) . Cardiomyocytes loaded with the Ca 2+ dye Fluo-4 were field stimulated at 2 and 3.3 Hz, at 37°C. The intracellular Ca 2+ was monitored using a custom-made epifluorescence system. SERCA and Na + /Ca 2+ exchanger (NCX) expression level was reported as the fold change relative to WT. We found that Ca 2+ transient relaxation was prolonged at both frequencies in CIRKO compared with WT, while retaining a normal frequency-dependent acceleration of relaxation. The exponential time constants were 104±4 (WT) vs. 190±16 (CK) ms at 3.3 Hz, n= 20/group, p&lt;0.001 and 111±6 (WT) vs. 226±19 (CK) ms at 2 Hz, n= 20/group, p&lt;0.001). We also found a reduction in SERCA expression (mRNA: 0.65±0.03, n=10, p&lt;0.001; protein:0.62±0.11, n=4, p&lt;0.05) with no difference in NCX expression (mRNA: 0.92±0.06 n=10/group, p=0.5; protein 0.96±0.05, n=6/group, p=0.2). In conclusion, our findings suggest that the slower Ca 2+ removal observed in the systemic models of diabetes is a direct effect of insulin on SERCA, which could contribute to the LVDD observed in diabetic patients.
Treatment of Locally Unresectable Carcinoma of the Pancreas: Comparison of Combined-Modality Therapy (Chemotheraphy Plus Radiotherapy) to Chemotheraphy Alone1
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1988)

Randomized trials of the Gastrointestinal Tumor Study Group have previously demonstrated enhanced survival of patients with locally unresectable pancreatic cancer treated with 5-fluorouracil in combination with radiation therapy compared with that of patients treated with radiation therapy alone. The present study compared the survival of patients treated with multidrug chemotherapy [streptozocin, mitomycin, and 5-fluorouracil (SMF)] versus radiation combined with 5-fluorouracil followed by the same three-drug SMF combination. In 43 patients randomly allocated between these two arms, an improved median survival for the combined-modality therapy (42 weeks) compared with chemotherapy alone (32 weeks) was demonstrated. Overall survival following this combined-modality treatment program (41% at 1 year) was significantly superior to that following SMF chemotherapy alone (19% at 1 year), by a two-tailed log rank test (P < .02). Serial studies of the Gastrointestinal Tumor Study Group with patients with locally unresectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma have shown that combined-modality therapy is superior to either optimal radiotherapy or chemotherapy alone. [J Natl Cancer Inst 1988;80:751–755]
Travel-Associated Zika Virus Disease Cases Among U.S. Residents — United States, January 2015–February 2016
Authors: Paige Armstrong, Morgan Hennessey, Monica Adams, Cara Cherry, Sophia Chiu, Alexia Harrist, Natalie Kwit, Lillianne Lewis, Dana Olzenak McGuire, Titilope Oduyebo, Kate Russell, Pamela Talley, Mary Tanner, Charnetta Williams
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2016)

Zika virus is an emerging mosquito-borne flavivirus.Recent outbreaks of Zika virus disease in the Pacific Islands and the Region of the Americas have identified new modes of transmission and clinical manifestations, including adverse pregnancy outcomes.However, data on the epidemiology and clinical findings of laboratory-confirmed Zika virus disease remain limited.During January 1, 2015-February 26, 2016, a total of 116 residents of 33 U.S. states and the District of Columbia had laboratory evidence of recent Zika virus infection based on testing performed at CDC. Cases included one congenital infection and 115 persons who reported recent travel to areas with active Zika virus transmission (n = 110) or sexual contact with such a traveler (n = 5).All 115 patients had clinical illness, with the most common signs and symptoms being rash (98%; n = 113), fever (82%; 94), and arthralgia (66%; 76).Health care providers should educate patients, particularly pregnant women, about the risks for, and measures to prevent, infection with Zika virus and other mosquito-borne viruses.Zika virus disease should be considered in patients with acute onset of fever, rash, arthralgia, or conjunctivitis, who traveled to areas with ongoing Zika virus transmission (http:// www.cdc.gov/zika/geo/index.html) or who had unprotected sex with a person who traveled to one of those areas and developed compatible symptoms within 2 weeks of returning.Zika virus is primarily transmitted to humans by Aedes aegypti mosquitoes (1).Most infections are asymptomatic (2).When occurring, clinical illness is generally mild and characterized by acute onset of fever, maculopapular rash, arthralgia, or nonpurulent conjunctivitis.Symptoms usually last from several days to a week.Severe disease requiring hospitalization is uncommon, and deaths are rare.In addition to mosquito-borne transmission, Zika virus infections have been reported through intrauterine transmission resulting in congenital infection, intrapartum transmission from a viremic mother to her newborn, sexual transmission, and laboratory exposure (3,4).Increasing evidence suggests that Zika virus infection during pregnancy can result in microcephaly, other congenital anomalies, and fetal losses (5).Guillain-Barré syndrome also has been associated with recent
Do people with psoriasis have an increased risk of serious infection?
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2021)

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin condition that is associated with (linked to) additional conditions such as diabetes and obesity (called comorbidities), which in turn are associated with an increased risk of infection. One concern people with psoriasis have is whether the psoriasis itself, rather than the comorbidities, is associated with an increased risk of getting a serious infection, which is defined as having any infection serious enough to lead to hospital admission.
Apoptosis of neutrophils and their elimination by Kupffer cells in rat liver
Authors: J Shi
Journal: Hepatology (1996)

The fate of neutrophils in the peripheral circulation is poorly understood. In this study, the role of Kupffer cells in eliminating aged and apoptotic neutrophils was investigated. Liver, spleen, lung, and blood samples from Wistar rats were examined by light and electron microscopy, the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL) method, and immunohistochemistry after the intravenous injection of OK-432, a streptococcal preparation. Neutrophils were trapped predominantly in the periportal and midzonal regions of hepatic lobules and were in contact with endothelial cells and Kupffer cells, or were surrounded by Kupffer cells. The trapping of neutrophils peaked after 6 hours. Apoptotic neutrophils, with or without buds, were found in the lumen of hepatic sinusoids as early as 6 hours, reached maximal levels after 12 hours, and represented greater than 60% of the total number of neutrophils in the liver. The presence of apoptotic neutrophils was correlated with the degree of neutrophil phagocytosis. Double-staining showed that TUNEL-positive neutrophils were phagocytosed or encircled by ED1- or ED2-positive Kupffer cells. In contrast, apoptosis and phagocytosis of neutrophils were rare in the spleen, lung, and peripheral blood. These results suggested that the appearance of apoptotic neutrophils in the hepatic sinusoids and their rapid clearance by Kupffer cells occurs after the invasion of bacteria (i.e., bacteremia or bacteriotoxemia) or the release of inflammatory mediators into the blood stream. These findings have important implications for the regulation of neutrophil homeostasis, the limitation of inflammation and tissue injury, and provide insight into the physiological removal of circulating, senescent neutrophils.
HIV Testing Among Pregnant Women—United States and Canada, 1998-2001
Journal: JAMA (2002)

Since 1994, the availability of increasingly effective antiretroviral drugs for both the prevention of perinatal human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission and maternal treatment has resulted in a greater emphasis on prenatal HIV testing and substantial increases in prenatal testing rates. In 2000, preliminary data indicated that 766 (93%) of 824 HIV-infected women in 25 states knew their HIV status before delivery (CDC, unpublished data, 2002). However, an estimated 280-370 perinatal HIV transmissions continue to occur in the United States each year. The primary strategy to prevent perinatal HIV transmission is to maximize prenatal HIV testing of pregnant women. States and Canadian provinces have implemented three different prenatal HIV-testing approaches. To assess their effectiveness, CDC reviewed prenatal HIV-antibody testing rates associated with these approaches. Medical record data suggest that the "opt-in" voluntary testing approach is associated with lower testing rates than either the "opt-out" voluntary testing approach or the mandatory newborn HIV testing approach.
Management of persistently recurring ventricular fibrillation with propranolol hydrochloride
Authors: E. L. Rothfeld
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Propranolol hydrochloride suppressed persistently recurring ventricular fibrillation in a patient with acute myocardial infarction after lidocaine, procainamide hydrochloride, and multiple electric shocks had failed. Propranolol must be used with care in the presence of acute myocardial infarction because of its negative inotropic and chronotropic effects. Propranolol should be administered by slow intravenous infusion if procainamide and lidocaine fail to suppress ventricular fibrillation. Rate of flow must be carefully monitored to avoid bradycardia, hypotension, and cardiac failure.
A new agent for the treatment of candidal vaginitis. Candicidin (Candeptin)
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Frozen Sections
Authors: William H. Kern
Journal: JAMA (1985)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Dr Kindschi<sup>1</sup>states that the sole purpose of a frozen section examination should be to help the operating surgeon to "make a therapeutic decision" and that it should not be performed merely to satisfy the surgeon's curiosity. He also is concerned that frozen sections may distort the tissue for subsequent processing, that nothing may be left for permanent sections, and that they may add to costs in a diagnosticrelated group era. I believe that this traditional view of the frozen section examination unnecessarily restricts useful operating room consultation and a simple procedure that can promptly provide a reliable tissue diagnosis. This diagnosis may shorten the operating time, allow earlier discharge of the patient, eliminate the need for a second surgical procedure, and thereby significantly reduce rather than increase costs. At our own institution, operating room consultation, usually with frozen section examination, is provided in approximately 15%
Hepatic steatosis in HIV-HCV coinfected patients receiving antiretroviral therapy is associated with HCV-related factors but not antiretrovirals
Authors: Valérie Martinez, Thi Dieu Ngan TA, Zahra Mokhtari, Marguerite Guiguet, Patrick Miailhes, Marc-Antoine Valantin, Fréderic Charlotte, Philippe Bertheau, Jean-Michel Molina, Christine Katlama, Eric Caumes
Journal: Genome biology (2012)

In this paper we evaluate the economic gains of a joint deployment of femtocells and macrocells for the provision of Long Term Evolution (LTE) mobile broadband services in urban environments. Frequency bands of 2.6 GHz and 900 MHz are analyzed and different parameters related to the business model are considered for a 30% market share operator. Results show important benefits for the base case where the service is offered to fixed-broadband clients, up to 75%, for small bandwidths. It results feasible to attribute subscriber loop costs to the radio access network (RAN) costs, so that the service could be offered to non fixed-broadband clients, in both cases of closed access and open access femtocells. However, initial savings result notably reduced, up to 50% less than in the base case if closed access is adopted and up to 13% less for open access. Site reuse reduces the initial savings only in 3%.
Progress and problems in the biology, diagnostics, and therapeutics of prion diseases
Authors: Adriano Aguzzi, Mathias Heikenwalder, Gino Miele
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2004)

The term “prion” was introduced by Stanley Prusiner in 1982 to describe the atypical infectious agent that causes transmissible spongiform encephalopathies, a group of infectious neurodegenerative diseases that include scrapie in sheep, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in humans, chronic wasting disease in cervids, and bovine spongiform encephalopathy in cattle. Over the past twenty years, the word “prion” has been taken to signify various subtly different concepts. In this article, we refer to the prion as the transmissible principle underlying prion diseases, without necessarily implying any specific biochemical or structural identity. When Prusiner started his seminal work, the study of transmissible spongiform encephalopathies was undertaken by only a handful of scientists. Since that time, the “mad cow” crisis has put prion diseases on the agenda of both politicians and the media. Significant progress has been made in prion disease research, and many aspects of prion pathogenesis are now understood. And yet the diagnostic procedures available for prion diseases are not nearly as sensitive as they ought to be, and no therapeutic intervention has been shown to reliably affect the course of the diseases. This article reviews recent progress in the areas of pathogenesis of, diagnostics of, and therapy for prion diseases and highlights some conspicuous problems that remain to be addressed in each of these fields.
Patient Noncompliance
Authors: Richard F. Gillum
Journal: JAMA (1973)

<h3>To The Editor.—</h3> Patient noncompliance represents one of the greatest therapeutic challenges facing the medical profession today. The recent article by Weintraub et al (224-481, 1973) represents an important step in documenting the clinical consequences of such patient behavior. We would like to stress the point, mentioned by the authors, that their noncompliance rate of 34% is surely an underestimate of the true magnitude of the problem. There are two reasons for this: (1) the method of patient self-reporting has been shown to yield noncompliance rates that are approximately one half of those determined in the same patients by pill counts or other methods<sup>1-3</sup>; and (2) there is some evidence that noncompliance rates measured at the time of scheduled clinic visits (even without prior telephone contact) tend to be lower than those obtained by unannounced home visits.<sup>4</sup>Hence, the true rate of noncompliance in the present study may
Recoverable organic psychosis after hypopituitary coma.
Authors: A Baker, B Bhowmick, P Arnold
Journal: BMJ (1976)

Recoverable organic psychosis after hypopituitary comaAn organic psychosis, with cognitive changes after hypopituitary coma, is described in a 44-year-old woman who made an excellent recovery after treatment.After the acute psychotic symptoms sub- sided electroencephalogram (ECG) changes reverted to normal, but cognitive defects persisted.The case reported here illustrates the importance of long-term psychiatric rehabilitation, since the organic psychosis eventually proved recoverable.
Improved pregnancy outcome following successful treatment of chlamydial infection
Authors: I. Cohen
Journal: JAMA (1990)

Pregnancy outcomes of 244 women, successfully treated with erythromycin ethylsuccinate for cervical chlamydial infection, were compared with those of 79 chlamydia-positive pregnant women, who failed to respond to treatment, and 244 chlamydia-free control women, who were not treated. The three groups were at high risk for infection with<i>Chlamydia trachomatis</i>. The frequencies of premature rupture of the membranes, premature contractions, and small-for—gestational-age infants were significantly lower in the successfully treated patients when compared with those of the chlamydia-positive patients, but were not significantly different when compared with those of the control patients. These data indicate that in a pregnant population at high risk for infection with<i>C trachomatis</i>, repeated prenatal chlamydial testing, plus successful erythromycin treatment, can significantly reduce certain adverse effects on pregnancy outcome. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1990;263:3160-3163)
Travaux et mémoires.
Journal: JAMA (1928)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
HISTORY OF THE SECTIONS OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION.
Journal: JAMA (1902)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Diagnostic Endocrinology
Authors: Norman M. Kaplan
Journal: JAMA (1976)

<h3>Essentials of Metabolic Disease and Endocrinology</h3> by Habeeb Bacchus, 511 pp, with illus, $24.50, Baltimore, University Park Press, 1976. These two books, though related by subject, are markedly different in design, intent, and value to the reader. Dr Cryer places his main focus on "conceptual basis and practical application of modern laboratory methods... for the diagnosis of functional endocrine disorders." He succeeds admirably. In crisp prose, the indications, performance, and interpretations of endocrine tests are clearly presented. This will be a useful handbook for house staff and physicians dealing with patients in whom the diagnosis of endocrine disease is being considered. Dr Cryer is decisive and objective. His writings are obviously grounded in extensive clinical experience and broad knowledge of the field, as shown by his concern about the adequacy of 24-hour urine collections, his warning about the overinterpretation of oral glucose tolerance tests, and his advice not to order
Highlights
Journal: JAMA (2016)

House Dust Mite Immunotherapy in Adults With Allergic Asthma 1715House dust mite (HDM) sensitization is present in many patients with asthma.In a randomized placebo-controlled study that enrolled 834 adults with HDM allergy and asthma not well-controlled by inhaled corticosteroids (ICS), Virchow and colleagues found that the addition of an HDM sublingual allergy immunotherapy tablet to asthma maintenance medications improved time to fi rst asthma exacerbation during a period of inhaled corticosteroid reduction.In an Editorial, Wood discusses advances in allergen immunotherapy.
A biological perspective on empathy
Authors: L Brothers
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1989)

During the evolution of the primate CNS, organization of neural activity has been shaped by the need for rapid and accurate evaluation of the motivations of others. Using a broad biological approach, the author considers empathy from evolutionary, ontogenetic, and neurophysiological viewpoints. Emotional communication follows a developmental course in primate evolution and in individuals: specialized neural activity and CNS organization subserve the interpretation of social signals. Neurophysiological studies now in progress may shed light on fundamental questions about the nature of empathy.