tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Recent Advances in Allergy (Asthma, Hay-Fever, Eczema, Migraine, etc.)
Journal: JAMA (1935)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Maxillary brown tumor of secondary hyperparathyroidism in a hemodialysis patient
Authors: R. R. Weiss
Journal: JAMA (1980)

HYPERPARATHYROIDISM of any etiology may result in a focal lesion of bone called a "brown tumor."<sup>1</sup>This mass occurs most often in the ribs, clavicle, and pelvic girdle. We describe an adolescent hemodialysis patient with severe secondary hyperparathyroidism in whom a mass lesion of the maxilla developed, which histologically was a brown tumor. This unusual manifestation of secondary hyperparathyroidism can be expected to occur more often with increased longevity of patients with chronic renal failure and illustrates the need to include brown tumor in the differential diagnosis of any bony mass. Although parathyroidectomy is said to be curative,<sup>2</sup>our patient demonstrated an unexplained rapid tumor growth after parathyroid surgery. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> An 18-year-old woman with chronic renal failure caused by chronic glomerulonephritis showed the development of a maxillary mass (Fig 1) after two years of maintenance hemodialysis. Histological examination showed a brown tumor of hyperparathyroidism (Fig
CDC's hot line: 'America responds to AIDS'
Authors: T. Randall
Journal: JAMA (1990)

MORE than 1 million people telephoned the CDC's National AIDS [acquired immunodeficiency syndrome] Hotline last year to have a frank talk about AIDS, and this year's caller total may be even higher. Vitally linked with the CDC's "America Responds to AIDS" campaign, the hot line seeks to enhance public understanding of the problem. The close ties between the two programs are underscored every time an "America Responds to AIDS" public service message receives air time on national television. Call volume increases dramatically, says Carol Humphries, National AIDS Hotline director. And when the national mailing of the "Understanding AIDS" pamphlet was in progress in June 1988, she says, calls surged to more than 200 000 in that 1 month. The hot line's toll-free numbers are printed or broadcast on all "America Responds to AIDS" materials, and numerous other groups and individuals have also distributed the telephone numbers in creative ways. For
Models for Association in Bivariate Survival Data
Authors: Yoshinori Fujii
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1990)

This paper reviews dependence models for bivariate survival data, classifying them into the four groups: the shock model, the Freund model, the Clayton model, and the mixture model. The paper then concentrates on the mixture model, discussing the testing problem for the equality of marginal distributions under the Weibull type baseline hazard assumption. The new test proposed recently by Fujii is introduced, and its characteristic is studied with respect to the test proposed by Nayak and the sign test by simulation study.
Colin Kaplan
Authors: J. Kaplan
Journal: BMJ (2012)

<h3>ABSTRACT</h3> The central mechanisms underlying fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) remain undetermined. The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) is particularly relevant to FMS because it is implicated in cognitive, affective, and top-down pain regulation. Imbalances in excitatory (Glutamate) and inhibitory (Gamma aminobutyric acid; GABA) neurochemicals may play a critical role in the pathophysiology of the condition and more generally in homeostatic function within cortical circuits. Although the balance of excitation and inhibition are intrinsically linked no investigations to date have investigated the E/I ratio in FMS. Thus, the primary objective of this study was to determine whether the E/I ratio in the DLPFC is altered in participants with FMS compared to healthy controls using magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Additionally, we examined the relationship between E/I ratio and pain metrics. We hypothesized that the E/I ratio within the DLPFC would be altered in participants with FMS compared to controls and, secondly, that E/I ratio would be associated with both clinical pain and thermal pain sensitivity. The Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) self-assessment was used to evaluate pain severity and impact on physical functioning and acute pain sensitivity was determined via quantitative sensory testing to define thermal (heat) pain threshold and tolerance. Our results revealed an elevation in the E/I ratio in FMS compared to controls. A positive relationship between E/I ratio and thermal pain sensitivity measures was identified in the FMS cohort. Collapsing across groups, there was a positive relationship between E/I ratio and BPI score. These findings suggest that dysfunction in the balance between excitation and inhibition within cognitive brain circuitry may play a role in pain processing in FMS.
Prevalence of substance use among US physicians
Authors: P. H. Hughes
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To estimate the prevalence of substance use among US physicians. <h3>Design.</h3> —A mailed, anonymous, self-report survey that assessed use of 13 substances and permitted comparison with results of the National Household Survey on Drug Abuse. Rates of physician substance use were weighted to provide national prevalence estimates. <h3>Participants.</h3> —A national sample of 9600 physicians, stratified by specialty and career stage, and randomly selected from the American Medical Association master file. The response rate after three mailings was 59%. Demographic characteristics of respondents closely reflected those of the US physician population. <h3>Main Outcome Measures.</h3> —Subjects' self-reported use of 13 substances in their lifetime, the past year, and the past month; reasons for use; self-admitted substance abuse or dependence; and whether treatment was received. For controlled prescription substances, respondents were asked to report only use "not prescribed by another physician for a legitimate medical or psychiatric condition." <h3>Results.</h3> —Physicians were less likely to have used cigarettes and illicit substances, such as marijuana, cocaine, and heroin, in the past year than their age and gender counterparts in the National Household Survey on Drug Abuse. They were more likely to have used alcohol and two types of prescription medications—minor opiates and benzodiazepine tranquilizers. Prescription substances were used primarily for self-treatment, whereas illicit substances and alcohol were used primarily for recreation. Current daily use of illicit or controlled substances was rare. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —Although physicians were as likely to have experimented with illicit substances in their lifetime as their age and gender peers in society, they were far less likely to be current users of illicit substances. The higher prevalence of alcohol use among respondents may be more a characteristic of their socioeconomic class than of their profession. A unique concern for physicians, however, is their high rate of self-treatment with controlled medications—a practice that could increase their risk of drug abuse or dependence. Uniform national guidelines are needed to sensitize medical students and physicians to the dangers of self-treatment with controlled prescription substances. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1992;267:2333-2339)
Physician Assistants and Nurse Practitioners
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1994)

This position paper by the American College of Physicians Task Force on Physician Supply examines expanded roles for physician assistants and nurse practitioners in light of projected shortages of primary health care providers. Meta-analyses and other literature reviews comparing the care provided by nurse practitioners and physician assistants with that by primary care physicians had methodologic shortcomings that made the data difficult to interpret. There were no studies comparing nurse practitioners in independent practice with physicians. Seven policy positions are articulated.
A Role for Oxidized Phospholipids in Atherosclerosis
Authors: Judith A. Berliner, Andrew D. Watson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2005)

Atherosclerosis is a disease of the vessel wall involving lipid accumulation, chronic inflammation, cell death, and thrombosis that causes heart disease and stroke. Although elevated cholesterol levels are a recognized risk factor for atherosclerosis, a growing number of studies suggest that oxidized phospholipids may also play an important role in this condition.1,2 Phospholipids, essential components of lipoproteins and cell membranes, are composed of fatty acids bound to a glycerol backbone containing a polar head group. They are susceptible to free-radical or enzymatic oxidation by myeloperoxidase, lipoxygenase, and other enzymes that are present in the vessel wall. The addition of . . .
Lecture on the Diseases of Children: Delivered in the Chatham Street School of Medicine, Manchester
Authors: None Merei
Journal: BMJ (1851)

just been enumerating.Sooner or later they will successively marshal themselves upon the line of morbid action, and proceed with dreadful regularity to the final issue.And when you witness, as you have with us so many opportunities of witnessing, those painful, protracted, and laborious struggles which characterize the later stages of such cardiac disease, you will surely be inspired by a generous and holy desire to avert the induction of those causes, which nXW so often lead to a miserably oppressed life and premature death.
Regaining the Initiative
Authors: John Balint
Journal: JAMA (1996)

The patient-physician relationship has undergone major and increasingly rapid changes in the past 40 years. It has moved from a relationship based on physician paternalism, through one of patient autonomy, to one where the patient and the physician's authority and control over the patient's care are facing significant threats from outside sources. In this article, we examine the historical and social forces that have contributed to these changes and the effects these forces have had on the traditional models of the patient-physician relationship. We present arguments to support our proposal for a patient-physician alliance in the community based on mutual education of physician and patient about health and illness, values and persons, social responsibility, beneficence, trust, and a degree of paternalism. We believe such an alliance offers the best hope for patients and their physicians to regain the initiative in guiding the evolution of health care in a way that preserves the essentials of the therapeutic relationship. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1996;275:887-891)
SPINA BIFIDA.
Authors: F. W. Epley
Journal: JAMA (1884)

On the 22d of April, 1884, I delivered Mrs. C. of a female child weighing 10½ lbs. The child was well-formed, symmetrical and very well nourished. At about the third dorsal vertebra a spina bifida presented itself about the size of a pullet's egg. The tumor was pear-shaped, and with a pedicle about an inch in diameter. The fundus was somewhat corrugated and purple. It appeared to contain a small quantity of fluid. There was a distinct opening in the vertebra at the attachment of the tumor, corresponding in size to an ordinary lead pencil. The child was very fretful and cried constantly and piteously when laid upon its back. It was much more comfortable when held upright than when in any other position. Any manipulation of the tumor caused the child to cry. When it was three weeks old I made a critical examination which thoroughly satisfied me
A Correction
Journal: BMJ (1901)

1890-92, Recognising-this, Dr. Tatham, has rightly abstained in the Decentniaf Summaiiy Irom' anything beyond the most general remarks on the mortality of medical men from aleoholism.All that he has stated is that, so fat as the meagre facts at his disposal indicate, there is no reason to believe that medical men suffer more from this cause than do other members of the community.We trust that in preparing the; forthcoming decennial report on occupational mortality, a larger basis of facts will be consulted before any definite statement is made on this subject, either in one direction or the other.TREATMENT oP RODENT ULCER BY THE X'RAYS.Opric " writes to ask what kind of x-ray apparatus is necessary fortreating a rodent ulcer extenlding nearly the whole length of the lower eyelid.4.; ** Dr. J. H. Sequeira, with others, has obtained good results in the treatment of rodent ulcer by the x rays (Spe ,R)RITISN MEDICAL JOURNAL, February gth, X9I,-p. 332); he used for his cases a current of from 3 to 4 ampbres, anid"a coil producing' a; xo4doh spark, and the tube was iplaced ahout 6 .inches.from the ulcer.The,treatment lasted ten minutes and was repeated daily.GUNSHOT HEADACHE.P. B. G., in reply to " Sportsman," writes that the following are all points that separately or in combination are the most effiectual remedies for gutislhlot lheadache: (I) A ,he6 gun, that is, one with plenty of metal in the barrels;(2) nitro cartridges;(3) the least amount of shot that will give a good pattern at 25 yards; (4) introduce on a brush a drop of liq.atropin.sulph.on to the tympani.If "1 Sportsman " is gouty, he should see to that as a factor.DR.J. INGLIS PARSONS (London) writes: The causes of gun headache may be classified as follows:I. Concussion from (I) overchrage of powder;(2) from not getting the
Fatalities of Spinal Cocainization.
Journal: JAMA (1901)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Tobacco and Cancer: Epidemiology and the Laboratory
Authors: Paolo Vineis, Neil Caporaso
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1995)

Tobacco smoke contains many mutagenic and carcinogenic chemicals. Both whole tobacco smoke and extracts induce tumors in experimental animals. Work with carcinogen-macromolecule adducts provided evidence for the action of specific chemicals. Molecular epidemiology studies suggested that point mutations in tumor-suppressor genes (e.g., p53) and oncogenes (e.g., ras) may be specific both for the type of tumor and for the critical environmental exposure. The consistency among investigations on oncogene/tumor-suppressor gene mutations in lung cancer (and other tobacco-related cancers) in smokers is highly suggestive, although we still lack information about the time sequence between exposure, gene mutation, and cancer onset. Current work that deserves emphasis includes investigations revealing that lungs of smokers contain benzo[a]pyrene diol-epoxide-guanine DNA adducts, which are in accordance with the type of mutations found in K-ras or p53 genes (G to T transversions). In addition, DNA in human exfoliated bladder cells showed a derivative of 4-aminobiphenyl as a main adduct; there was also an association between smoking habits (amount and type of tobacco) and the levels of both DNA adducts and hemoglobin adducts formed by aromatic amines. Increasing evidence indicates that genetically based metabolic polymorphisms exert a role in modulating individual susceptibility to the action of tobacco carcinogens. Overall, the weight of evidence strongly supports the causal nature of the association between smoking and cancer and falsifies Fisher's hypothesis that the association was due to confounding by genetic predisposition.
THE OBSTETRIC SIDE OF HYSTEROPEXY.
Journal: JAMA (1896)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
From the Institute of Medicine
Authors: Molla S. Donaldson
Journal: JAMA (1994)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Procalcitonin-Based Guidelines and Lower Respiratory Tract Infections
Authors: Jochen W. L. Cals
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Table of Contents
Authors: A Kitching, Juli Jaw, Clare Hawkins, Peter Heeringa, Abraham Rutgers, Cees Kallenberg, Jürgen Floege, Mohamed Daha, Vishnu Potluri, Roy Bloom, Jinwei Wang, Luxia Zhang, Chi-Wai Tang, Naoki Kashihara, Yong-Soo Kim, Ariunaa Togtokh, Chih-Wei Yang, Ming-Hui Zhao, Hiddo Heerspink, Mikhail Kosiborod, Silvio Inzucchi, David Cherney, Usha Panchapakesan, Carol Pollock, Eva-Maria Pastor-Arroyo, Nicole Gehring, Christiane Krudewig, Sarah Costantino, Carla Bettoni, Thomas Knöpfel, Sibylle Sabrautzki, Bettina Lorenz-Depiereux, Johanne Pastor, Tim Strom, Martin Hrab E De Angelis, Giovanni Camici, Francesco Paneni, Carsten Wagner, Isabel Rubio-Aliaga, Isao Matsui, Tatsufumi Oka, Yasuo Kusunoki, Daisuke Mori, Nobuhiro Hashimoto, Ayumi Matsumoto, Karin Shimada, Satoshi Yamaguchi, Keiichi Kubota, Sayoko Yonemoto, Tomoaki Higo, Yusuke Sakaguchi, Yoshitsugu Takabatake, Takayuki Hamano, Yoshitaka Isaka
Journal: Kidney International (2018)
A Technique to Expose Animals to Concentrated Fine Ambient Aerosols
Authors: Constantinos Sioutas, Petros Koutrakis, Robert M. Burton
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1995)

This paper presents the development and evaluation of an ambient particle concentrator for conducting animal inhalation exposure studies. The system utilizes the principle of virtual impactors to concentrate ambient particles in the size range 0.1-2.5 microns (aerodynamic diameter; dp) by drawing them through a series of three virtual impactors. Each impactor contains the majority of ambient fine mass (dp < 2.5 microns aerodynamic diameter) in a bleed flow (minor flow) that is 20% of the total flow entering the virtual impactor. The virtual impactors have been characterized using indoor air samples as test aerosols. Fine mass and sulfate concentrations at the outlet of the concentrating system were compared to the ambient fine mass and sulfate levels, which were determined using Harvard-Marple impactors. In each of the stages, particle concentration was increased by a factor of approximately 3. Thus, an overall concentration factor of about 25-30 was achieved. The main goal of this study was to demonstrate the feasibility of conducting animal exposures using the newly developed ambient fine particle concentrator.