tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Use of Geographic Information System Technology to Aid Health Department Decision Making about Childhood Lead Poisoning Prevention Activities
Authors: Dori B. Reissman, Forrest Staley, Gerald B. Curtis, Rachel B. Kaufmann
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2001)

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommend that local public health agencies use local data to identify children at risk for lead exposure to ensure that they receive preventive services. The objective of this study was to demonstrate the usefulness of a geographic information system (GIS) in identifying children at risk for lead exposure. We conducted a descriptive study, using GIS technology, of the blood lead (BPb) levels and residential location of at-risk children screened for lead exposure. "At-risk children" were defined as those children living in housing built before 1950 or in an area with a high proportion of older housing. The study was conducted in Jefferson County, Kentucky, USA. Participants were the cohort of children born in 1995 and screened from 1996 through 1997, and children younger than age 7 years who were screened from 1994 through 1998. Outcome measures were the BPb level and residential location (address or target zone) of at-risk children screened from 1996 through 1997, and the number and location of homes where more than one child had been poisoned by lead from 1994 through 1998. The proportion of children screened who live within zones targeted for universal screening varied from 48% to 53%, while only 50% of the at-risk children in the entire county were screened. Between 1994 and 1998, 79 homes housed 35% of the 524 children with lead poisoning. These housing units were prioritized for lead-hazard remediation. Significant numbers of at-risk children throughout the county were not being tested for lead exposure, even in prioritized areas. GIS can be very useful to health departments in planning lead exposure screening strategies and measuring program performance.
The economic environment of resident physicians
Authors: D. E. Hough
Journal: JAMA (1985)

We examined the financial, working, and educational environment of resident physicians, using mail surveys of residents conducted in 1979 and 1983. Variables examined include annual residency salary, fringe benefits, educational debt, moonlighting income, hours and types of work, and perceived problems with the residency programs. Three conclusions are drawn from the surveys. First, the rapid increases in resident salaries prevalent in the late 1960s and early 1970s have been replaced by more modest advances. Second, resident physicians are not indicating great concern about their current financial status. Third, resident physicians work long hours, but teaching hospitals have not increased their use of residents. These findings illustrate the dual nature of residency training: residents are both students and employees. (<i>JAMA</i>1985;253:1758-1762)
Clinical and Statistical Evaluation of Six Hypnotic Drugs
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
DESOXYCORTICOSTERONE ACETATE AND ELECTROLYTE METABOLISM
Journal: JAMA (1952)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Précis d'anatomie pathologique.
Journal: JAMA (1933)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Medical Legislation in Virginia.
Journal: JAMA (1884)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Reply
Authors: C. Van Der Schans, D. Piers, D. Postma
Journal: Thorax (1987)

Effect of manual percussion on tracheobronchial clearance in patients with chronic airflow obstruction and excessive tra- cheobronchial secretion SIR,-Objective assessment of the effectiveness of the various components of chest physiotherapy is important, so we were interested to read the paper of Dr CP van der Schans and others (June 1986;41:448-52).The paper concludes that manual percussion has a very limited role in patients with chronic airflow obstruction and is in agreement with pre- viously published work, not referred to by the authors.i 2 Contrary to the authors' interpretation of their results, they have presented no proof that manual percussion alone improves tracheobronchial clearance in their patients.There was no "control" day in their study when patients lay hori- zontally in a supine position for 50 minutes without manual percussion.The effect of this "control" manoeuvre, which may in itself affect the clearance curve, is unknown.Sec- ondly, the different study regimens differ by more than sim- ply the inclusion or omission of manual percussion or postural drainage.The treatment regimens, including pos- tural drainage, began 10 minutes earlier than the regimen with manual percussion alone.Moreover, the duration of percussion when combined with postural drainage lasted only five minutes, compared with 10 minutes in the regimen with manual percussion alone.
Cerebrovascular disease
Authors: J. Patterson, D. J. Wyper
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1998)

There are several causes of stroke, but common to all is a critical reduction in cerebral blood flow, resulting in a focal neurological deficit. The presumption that functional imaging, particularly of cerebral perfusion, should therefore have a major role to play in the management of this disorder was contradicted initially by a relatively indifferent attitude to these techniques. A clearer definition of the true value of the technique has now emerged confirming that SPECT has much to offer. This chapter gives an outline of the potential benefits, which can result from a knowledge of regional cerebral perfusion: in the acute post-stroke period where exciting new therapies targeted at limiting the neurological damage are under trial; in the later stages when the main effort lies in rehabilitation; and in the vital 'warning' stages in patients with carotid artery disease who are at greatest risk of suffering a stroke.
Fetal transfusion in severe Rh isoimmunization. Indications, efficiency, and results based on 218 transfusions carried out on 100 fetuses
Authors: J. M. Bowman
Journal: JAMA (1969)

A total of 218 fetal transfusions were carried out on 100 fetuses in a 55-month period. The survival rate improved from 28% (11 of 39) in the first 22 months to 62% (38 of 61) in the last 33 months. Failure to reduce the incidence of hydrops fetalis is due to failure to refer sensitized women for investigation sufficiently early in gestation. Administration of digoxin to the hydropic fetus and digoxin and diuretics to the mother may have accounted for the survival of six hydropic fetuses in the last 33-month period. Fetal transfusions are undertaken if serial amniotic fluid optical density rise measurements show an increase into the top four fifths of zone 2 of Liley. Fetal salvage, in Winnipeg, is satisfactory when fetal transfusions are begun early. Two thirds of all fetuses initially transfused before 26 weeks gestation now survive.
Regular Aspirin Intake and Acute Myocardial Infarction
Journal: BMJ (1974)

The results of two large independent studies involving a combined total of 776 patients treated in hospital with a discharge diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction and 13,898 patients with other discharge diagnoses showed a negative association between regular aspirin intake and non-fatal myocardial infarction. The data are consistent with the hypothesis that aspirin protects against this disease. Clinical trials are needed to determine whether this hypothesis is correct.
Effective Strategies for Population Studies of Acute Air Pollution Health Effects
Authors: Morton Lippmann
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1989)

A series of field studies involving repetitive functional measurements in relatively small populations of healthy children and adults engaged in normal outdoor activities has shown that significant decrements in respiratory function are associated with exposures to ozone (O3) at concentrations below the national ambient air quality standard. The ability to detect such effects can be attributed, at least in part, to the study design criteria used, which emphasized maximization of signal-to-noise ratios. Locations were selected to ensure relatively high exposures to relatively uniformly distributed secondary pollutants, with minimal exposure to local sources of primary pollutants. Populations were selected that would be engaged in active recreation out of doors. Populations of healthy persons were used to minimize variability in baseline function. We found that the magnitude of the O3-associated decrements in respiratory function was dependent on the variability in sensitivity to O3 among the population, the minute ventilation during outdoor activity, and the duration of the outdoor exposure. We also concluded that the O3-associated responses were potentiated by the presence of other air pollutants.
Weaving Webs for Physicians
Authors: M. Mitka
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
EEG Waves Monitored In Press Box
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Commentary
Authors: P Kannus
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2001)

Background-After Achilles tendon repair, immediate weightbearing and immobilisation closer to neutral plantarflexion are thought to limit atrophy and stiVness, but may place deleterious stress on the repair.Objectives-To estimate the relative stress on the Achilles tendon during weightbearing with immobilisation in varying degrees of plantarflexion.Methods-Electromyographic (EMG) activity from the plantarflexors was recorded during walking in 10 subjects (six men, four women) without ankle pathology.Four walking conditions were examined: (a) normal walking; (b) immobilised (cam-walker) in neutral plantarflexion; (c) immobilised with a 0.5 inch heel lift; (d) immobilised with a 1 inch heel lift.EMG activity relative to plantarflexor torque was determined for each subject during isometric contractions at 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% of maximal voluntary contraction (MVC).EMG activity during walking was calculated as a percentage of MVC based on the EMG-torque relation during graded isometric contractions.Results-During normal walking, the plantarflexor torque was estimated to be 30 (12)% (mean (SD)) of MVC, compared with 21 (15)% MVC for immobilisation in neutral (p<0.05), 17 (15)% MVC with the addition of a 0.5 inch heel lift (p<0.01), and 12 (12)% MVC with the addition of a 1 inch heel lift (p<0.01).The 1 inch heel lift resulted in less than 10°plantarflexion in all subjects.Conclusions-When the ankle is immobilised, stress on the Achilles tendon is determined by the degree of plantarflexion and the contractile activity of the plantarflexors.In the immobilised ankle, the addition of a 1 inch heel lift was suYcient to minimise plantarflexor activity during walking.
Abstract 4324: Prognostic potential of DNA methylation levels of <i>EPDR1</i> and <i>CHST10</i> in colorectal cancer
Authors: Chun-Ho Chu, Shih-Ching Chang, Hsiu-Hua Wang, Shung-Haur Yang, Te-Chang Lee, Kuo-Chu Lai
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Chromosomal instability (CIN), microsatellite instability (MSI), and the CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP) are well-characterized molecular features of colorectal cancer (CRC). Aberrant DNA methylation may associate with MSI-high and CIMP-high phenotype in CRC. Studies on aberrant DNA methylation are likely to help in the identification of biomarkers clinically relevant to the process of tumorigenesis. In this study, we explored DNA methylation profile changes in CRC with MSI through genome-wide DNA methylation profiling analysis. Of 34 altered genes, three hypermethylated (pidermal growth factor, EGF; carbohydrate sulfotransferase 10, CHST10; ependymin related 1, EPDR1) candidates were further validated in 75 CRC patients. All validated genes, except EGF, were significantly correlated with MSI status. In addition, methylation of EPDR1 or CHST10 was significantly correlated with better prognosis and mutations in BRAF and TGFβR2. Beside, we found a positive correlation between the methylation of EPDR1 and CHST10. Methylation of EPDR1 was also significantly correlated with node negativity and a lower tumor stage. Negative correlations between mRNA expression and DNA methylation level of both EPDR1 and CHST10 were reported in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset, revealing that DNA methylation has a crucial function in modulating expressions of EPDR1 and CHST10 in CRC cells. These results suggest that DNA methylation levels of EPDR1 and CHST10 may serve as potential prognostic markers for CRC. Citation Format: Chun-Ho Chu, Shih-Ching Chang, Hsiu-Hua Wang, Shung-Haur Yang, Te-Chang Lee, Kuo-Chu Lai. Prognostic potential of DNA methylation levels of EPDR1 and CHST10 in colorectal cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 4324.
AUTOMOBILE ACCIDENTS
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Injury science comes of age
Authors: S. P. Baker
Journal: JAMA (1989)

<i>Injury:</i>the word derives from the Latin word for "not right"—an appropriate term for the cause of more than 150 000 deaths annually in the United States, 2.3 million hospitalizations, annual costs of $158 billion,<sup>1</sup>and unmeasurable grief and suffering. "Not right" also describes the failure, until recently, of most health professionals and their institutions to give appropriate attention to the major cause of lost potential years of life before retirement. Early workers in injury prevention would therefore be surprised and pleased thatThe Journalis devoting this issue to injuries. The work of many pioneers has been crucial to the development and recognition of<i>injury science</i>, which is the prevention and control of injuries based on relevant disciplines such as epidemiology; biomechanics; physics; ergonomics; law; and the political, behavioral, and medical sciences. This editorial describes eight scientists whose work has moved the field forward; each made major contributions
针对西班牙痣样基底细胞癌综合征患者的最新临床及分子研究结果
Authors: N. Alonso, J. Cañueto, S. Ciria, E. Bueno, I. Palacios‐Alvarez, M. Alegre, C. Badenas, A. Barreiro, L. Pena, C. Maldonado, M.V. Nespeira‐Jato, C. Peña‐Penabad, A. Azon, M. Gavrilova, I. Ferrer, O. Sanmartin, L. Robles, A. Hernandez, M. Urioste, S. Puig, L. Puig, R. Gonzalez‐Sarmiento
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2018)

痣样基底细胞癌综合征 (NBCCS) 又称 Gorlin 综合征,每 56,000 人中只有一人发病。此类综合征通常为父母遗传,并且男女发病率相同(常染色体显性遗传)。NBCCS 患者可能表现出的典型特征有多手指或脚趾、肋骨不规则、面部形状不规则以及大头症。有时伴肿瘤生长,特别是颌骨囊肿以及皮肤基底细胞瘤 (BCC),该综合征由此得名。NBCCS 是因位于第 9 号染色体长臂的 PTCH1 基因变异(突变)导致的。PTCH1 在 Hedgehog (HH)/GLI 细胞信号通路中的一系列化学过程中起到抑制作用。在 NBCCS 中,突变使 PTCH1 失去活性,导致发出过多的 Hedgehog 信号。这种失控可能导致骨骼和肿瘤异常。在发病家族中,患者具有相同的基因突变,异常情况却大相径庭。来自西班牙的研究组研究了 22 个无亲属关系的西班牙 NBCCS 患者,旨在了解临床特定异常与特异性基因突变之间是否存在任何关联。BCC 非常常见,见于 96% 的患者中,且 43% 的患者年龄在 50 岁以上;77% 出现颌骨囊肿。之前在 NBCCS 中未发现两种异常:双子宫以及良性神经瘤。研究组发现了 19 种之前尚未报道过的 PTCH1 突变。但是,他们未找到任何能将突变类型和临床异常联系起来的模式。因此可假定,除 PTCH1 突变之外的其他因素导致临床特征。