tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 3227: Differential expression of T cell co-inhibitory receptors: KLRG1 alignment with cytotoxicity and adaptive resistance mechanisms
Authors: Steven A. Greenberg, Evan Thompson, Stefano V. Gulla
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Introduction: KLRG1 is a lymphocyte co-inhibitory, or immune checkpoint, receptor expressed predominantly on late-differentiated effector and effector memory CD8+ T and NK cells. Methods: We studied KLRG1 expression in human blood and tumor samples from available genomic datasets. Results: KLRG1 is differentially expressed from CTLA-4 and PD-1, with predominant expression on cytotoxic CD8 T and NK cells over CD4 T cells. Within the CD8+ T cell population, KLRG1 expression, unlike CTLA-4 and PD-1 expression, is linked to greater antigen-driven differentiation states, with increased expression on CD45RO+CCR7- T effector memory (TEM) and CD45RA+CCR7- T effector memory RA (TEMRA) cells compared to CD45RA+CCR7+ naïve T cells (TN) and CD45RO+CCR7+ central memory T cells (TCM). The cytotoxic potential of CD8+ T cells, as assessed by the presence of cytokine and cytotoxic molecules IFNg, TNFa, perforin and granzyme B, is aligned with KLRG1, but not CTLA-4 or PD-1, expression. In single cell RNAseq analyses, KLRG1+ TILS accounted for 16-48% of CD8+ TILS, a frequency similar to that of PD-1+ TILS, in renal cell carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, melanoma, ovarian cancer, HNSCC, and astrocytoma. KLRG1 expression was numerically increased post-treatment in 20/21 (95%) of datasets, statistically significant in 10/21 (48%), in response to a range of treatments including radiotherapy, chemotherapy, endocrine therapy, and immunotherapies (including ipilimumab, nivolumab, and pidilizumab), over periods of time ranging from 1-25 weeks. Conclusions: In human blood and tumor samples, KLRG1 expression is aligned with cytotoxic T and NK cell differentiation, and upregulated in human tumor samples after a variety of therapies, potentially contributing to adaptive resistance. The upregulation of KLRG1 could contribute to limited efficacy and adaptive resistance that develops with current immunotherapies, and suggests KLRG1 blockade may work efficaciously, including as a neo-adjuvant therapy. Citation Format: Steven A. Greenberg, Evan Thompson, Stefano V. Gulla. Differential expression of T cell co-inhibitory receptors: KLRG1 alignment with cytotoxicity and adaptive resistance mechanisms [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 3227.
Abstract P239: Burden of Adverse Metabolic Factors is Associated with Increased Left Ventricular Concentricity in Adults with Normal-range Body Mass Index: The Framingham Heart Study
Authors: Philimon N Gona, Jane J Lee, Carol J Salton, Christopher J O’Donnell, Warren J Manning, Michael L Chuang
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: Persons with normal-range body mass index (BMI) but adverse metabolic characteristics associated with obesity have been described as metabolically-obese normal weight (MONW). We sought to determine whether adverse metabolic profile is associated with alterations in left ventricular (LV) structure or function among adults with normal BMI. Methods: From the 1794 Framingham Offspring cohort adults who underwent cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR), we identified 446 free of non-skin cancer and prevalent clinical cardiovascular disease (CVD) who had 18.5≤BMI&lt;25.0 kg/m2 and complete covariates. We calculated a metabolic score (MS) where 1 point was assigned for each of: a) fasting glucose≥100 mg/dL or diabetes; b) SBP≥140 or DBP≥90 mmHg or antihypertensive treatment; c) TG≥150 or HDL_C &lt;40(M)/&lt;50(W) mg/dL or lipid treatment; d) HOMA-IR≥2.5; e) waist circumference ≥102/88cm for M/W. Participants were stratified as MS0 (no points), MS1 (exactly 1 point), or MS2+ (≥2 points). LV mass (LVM), end-diastolic volume (EDV), ejection fraction (EF), and concentricity (LVM/EDV) were measured from breathhold cine SSFP CMR scans; we calculated LVM/BSA. Linear regression was used to compare MS1 and MS2+ groups to the MS0 group. We also tested for linear trend across metabolic groups. CMR variables were adjusted for sex, age, heart rate (HR) and body size (BSA); LVM/BSA was adjusted for sex, age, HR only. Results: LV concentricity increased with worsening metabolic status (see Table); this was driven by lower LV EDV, not increased LVM. LVM did not differ across (trend) or between MS-groups. LVEDV decreased across groups but only MS2 differed significantly from MS0. LVEF increased slightly but significantly across MS-groups. Conclusions: In a community-dwelling cohort, among participants who were free of cancer and clinical CVD and had normal BMI, worsening metabolic profile was associated with adverse remodeling of the left ventricle, reflected by greater LV concentricity.
PROGRESS IN OBSTETRIC ANESTHESIA AND ANALGESIA
Journal: JAMA (1927)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Treatment of hepatic encephalopathy by surgical exclusion of the colon
Authors: H. A. Hume
Journal: JAMA (1966)

NEUROPSYCHIATRIC disorders associated with liver disease have been under intensive clinical and laboratory investigation for the past decade. The precise causes and metabolic aberrations responsible for these syndromes are not completely understood. Exclusion or removal of the colon has a favorable effect on this disorder in properly selected patients. This case report confirms the work of McDermott and others<sup>1-3</sup>and emphasizes the reversibility of this progressive and ultimately fatal disorder. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> The medical history of the patient, age 65, is outlined in Table 1. Following portacaval shunting the patient did rather well and was discharged on a 70-gm protein diet and a regimen of neomycin sulfate, 0.25 gm orally four times daily. He was readmitted two months postoperatively in mild coma with a history of omitting neomycin for five days. Clinically he showed slurring of speech, a staggering gait, loss of ability to feed himself or
CDC Grand Rounds: The Million Hearts Initiative
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Cardiovascular disease, including heart disease and stroke, is the leading cause of death and disability in the United States. Every year, approximately 2 million persons in the United States have a heart attack or stroke and, as a result of these conditions, approximately 800,000 die from cardiovascular disease. For those persons who do survive a heart attack or stroke, many are faced with serious illness, disability, and decreased quality of life. The ongoing complications that result from cardiovascular disease greatly contribute to the economic burden on the health-care system and to society as a whole. In 2010, the cost in health-care expenditures and lost productivity in the United States from cardiovascular disease amounted to nearly $444 billion, and these costs are increasing every year. This is especially alarming because the primary risk factors for cardiovascular disease (i.e., high blood pressure, high cholesterol, smoking, type 2 diabetes, inactivity, and obesity) are largely preventable and have effective, low-cost treatments. If these risk factors were well-controlled through behavioral modification and/or treatment, the risk for death from heart attack and stroke could be reduced by more than half.
Increased nitric oxide metabolites in exhaled breath condensate after exposure to tobacco smoke
Authors: B Balint, L E Donnelly, T Hanazawa, S A Kharitonov, P J Barnes
Journal: Thorax (2001)

BACKGROUND Cigarette smoking reduces the level of exhaled nitric oxide (NO) in healthy subjects, although the mechanism is unclear. NO is a highly reactive molecule which can be oxidised or complexed with other biomolecules, depending on the microenvironment. The stable oxidation end products of NO metabolism are nitrite and nitrate. This study investigated the effect of smoking on NO metabolites in exhaled breath condensate. METHODS Fifteen healthy current smokers were recruited together with 14 healthy non-smokers. Measurement of exhaled NO, lung function, and collection of exhaled breath condensate were performed. Nitrite, nitrite + nitrate, S-nitrosothiols, and nitrotyrosine levels were measured. The effect of inhaling two cigarettes in smokers was also evaluated. The mean level of exhaled NO in smokers was significantly lower than in non-smokers (4.3 (0.3) ppb v 5.5 (0.5) ppb, p&lt;0.05). RESULTS There was no difference in the levels of nitrite, nitrite + nitrate, S-nitrosothiols, and nitrotyrosine in the exhaled breath condensate at the baseline visit between smokers and non-smokers. After smoking, nitrite + nitrate levels were significantly but transiently increased (from 20.2 (2.8) μM to 29.8 (3.4) μM, p&lt;0.05). There was no significant change in the levels of exhaled NO, nitrite, S-nitrosothiols, or nitrotyrosine 30 and 90 minutes after smoking. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that acute smoking can increase the level of nitrate, but not nitrite, S-nitrosothiols, or nitrotyrosine in breath condensate. The deleterious effect of oxidant radicals induced by smoking may contribute to the epithelial damage of airways seen in smokers.
Access Denied
Authors: Thomas J. Goehl
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2007)

Considerable interest was expressed in this proposal, and a search is under way for governmental and nongovernmental organizations to provide the infrastructure to facilitate the necessary efforts.Although accessibility to state-of-the-art environmental health studies, public health research, and clinical information continues to be a major problem in the developing world, the open-access initiatives and efforts to help build sustainable national and regional journals offer significant hope for overcoming this problem.
Encephalitis in the Yakima Valley
Journal: JAMA (1941)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Justice Department Calls Medicare Payments to Christian Science Sanitoria Unconstitutional
Authors: Andrew A. Skolnick
Journal: JAMA (1997)

IN A move that took all parties by surprise, the US Justice Department has switched sides in the fight over the constitutionality of provisions of federal law that allow Medicare and Medicaid funds to pay for Christian Science nursing care. On January 23, Attorney General Janet Reno informed Congress that the Justice Department will no longer defend those provisions. In an 11-page letter to the US Senate Legal Counsel, Reno laid out the department's legal reasons for its turnabout from its previous position. At first the Justice Department defended the constitutionality of the provisions when it represented defendants Donna Shalala, secretary of the Department of Health and Human Services, and Bruce C. Vladeck, administrator of the Health Care Finance Administration (HCFA), in a lawsuit filed by Children's Healthcare Is a Legal Duty (CHILD) Inc and 2 taxpayers. CHILD Inc is a nonprofit advocacy group based in Sioux City, Iowa, that
Acquired coronary artery fistula from nonpenetrating chest injury
Authors: A. D. Forker
Journal: JAMA (1971)

An anterior myocardial contusion resulted from a nonpenetrating chest injury. A continuous murmur was detected four years later, and a left anterior descending coronary artery to right ventricular fistula was surgically ligated twice, with recurrence of the fistula three months after the initial ligation. Six previous traumatic coronary artery fistulas have been reported, all secondary to penetrating chest trauma.
Cardiac Pacing
Authors: Massimo Calabresi
Journal: JAMA (1974)

Since cardiac pacing has become established as a therapeutic procedure, many reviews have been published. A new addition is not superfluous in view of the technical progress in instrumentation and of the continuously expanding application of pacing to therapy of arrhythmias and also to diagnostic studies. There is need to critically collect the voluminous literature, especially for a topic in which inadequate information cannot be tolerated, and even more so, because the technique of introducing an artificial pacer is not difficult and the basic concepts of pacing are deceptively simple. The present book, written by a large number of active workers in the field, gives indeed comprehensive information on pacing. It also covers topics that really belong to the more general subject of arrhythmias, as the chapters dealing with the anatomy and pathology of the conduction system and with His bundle recordings. Even the chapters on physiologic aspects of pacing,
Does chemotherapy improve survival in gall bladder cancer?
Authors: A. Sharma, R. Bedi, N. K. Shukla, V. Raina, B. K. Mohanti, S. V. S. Deo, N. S. Bedi, P. Garg, S. Thulkar, G. K. Rath
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

4202 Background: Carcinoma of gall bladder is 4th commonest cancer in females in Northern India. Incidence is 5.5/1,00,000 women. Surgery is only modality for cure. Majority of patients present in advanced inoperable stage where median survival is between 3–6 months and treatment options are analgesics, biliary stents, or palliative chemotherapy. Oxaliplatin, has demonstrated some activity in advanced adenocarcinoma of gall bladder (Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol 2002:21; 142b). To assess the impact of chemotherapy (5 FU, FA with or without Oxalipaltin) on survival this study was undertaken. Material and Methods: 109 gall bladder cancer patients were seen from November 2000 to September 2003. Median age was 50 years, 72 were females (males to females ratio 1:2). Pain was the commonest presenting symptom seen in 96 ( 88%) patients, 55 ( 51%) patients had gall bladder stones, and 80 ( 72%) patients had metastaic disease. Treatment: 50 patients received only analgesics, simple cholecystectomy was done in 16, radical cholecystectomy in 15, and 13 patients received adjuvant radiotherapy without or with (9 patients) FUFA. Oxaliplatin based palliative chemotherapy (FOLFOX or Oxaliplatin FUFA as reported earlier ASCO 2002:21; 142b or Oxaliplatin and Capecitabine) were used in 21 patients, and 5 patients received FUFA. Results: Median survival for whole group was 5 months ( range 0–34 months). Any form of anti cancer treatment improved survival. Median survival for patients who received no treatment versus palliative chemotherapy versus surgery followed by adjuvant treatment was 3, 5, and 10 months respectively ( p=0.0000). Median survival for patients who received any form of chemotherapy versus no chemotherapy was 10 versus 4 months ( p=0.03). Overall responses in Oxaliplatin based group were 24% including 1 CR ( another 20% had disease stabilization). Median survival was 10 months in patients who received FOLFOX. Conclusions: This study reveals that patients receiving chemotherapy adjuvant or palliative had superior survival compared to others. Oxaliplatin based chemotherapy FOLFOX in particular may be superior to others as palliative chemotherapy. However, this must be tested in randomized controlled trial. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
HOSPITAL SERVICE IN THE UNITED STATES
Journal: JAMA (1942)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Polio Surge
Authors: Joan Stephenson
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Disseminated histoplasmosis involving an aortofemoral prosthetic graft
Authors: R. A. Matthay
Journal: JAMA (1976)

ACUTE pulmonary histoplasmosis is usually a self-limited disease; however, the disseminated form is progressive and frequently fatal if untreated.<sup>1</sup>Disseminated histoplasmosis has been reported to cause both endocarditis<sup>2</sup>and mycotic aneurysm of the thoracic aorta.<sup>3</sup>A patient is described in whom a previously implanted Dacron aortofemoral graft became infected with<i>Histoplasma capsulatum</i>. Our case illustrates that vascular prostheses are susceptible to fungal infections that are difficult to eradicate. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 46-year-old man had dyspnea, hemoptysis, and fever in February 1972. Three years earlier, a bifurcation graft from the aorta to the right common femoral and left external iliac arteries had been inserted for relief of intermittent claudication due to severe peripheral vascular disease. On admission, vital signs were normal except for a temperature of 38.5 C. Abnormalities on physical examination included bilateral basilar rales and a spleen palpable 3 cm below the left costal
Röntgen Rays in Dermatology. A Handbook for Practitioners and Students.
Journal: JAMA (1927)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Cover
Authors: Howard B. Burchell
Journal: JAMA (1985)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal