tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Mechanism of Benzene-Induced Leukemia: A Hypothesis and Speculations on the Causes of Leukemia
Authors: Martyn T. Smith
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1996)

An overall hypothesis for benzene-induced leukemia is proposed.Key components of the hypothesis include a) activation of benzene in the liver to phenolic metabolites; b) transport of these metabolites to the bone marrow and conversion to semiquinone radicals and quinones via peroxidase enzymes; c) generation of active oxygen species via redox cycling; d) damage to tubulin, histone proteins, topoisomerase 11, other DNA associated proteins, and DNA itself; and e) consequent damage including DNA strand breakage, mitotic recombination, chromosome translocations, and aneuploidy.If these effects take place in stem or early progenitor cells a leukemic clone with selective advantage to grow may arise, as a result of protooncogene activation, gene fusion, and suppressor gene inactivation.Epigenetic effects of benzene metabolites on the bone marrow stroma, and perhaps the stem cell itself, may then foster development and survival of the leukemic clone.Evidence for this hypothesis is mounting with the recent demonstration that benzene induces gene-duplicating mutations in human bone marrow and chromosome-specific aneuploidy and translocations in peripheral blood cells.If this hypothesis is correct, it also potentially implicates phenolic and quinonoid compounds in the induction of "spontaneous" leukemia in man.
AIR CURRENTS IN VENTILATION
Journal: JAMA (1925)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Highlights
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2017)

Prevalence of Gene Mutations and Colorectal Cancer 464Pearlman and colleagues determined the frequency and spectrum of cancer susceptibility gene mutations among patients with early-onset colorectal cancer (CRC).Of 450 patients, 75 gene mutations were found in 72 patients, and 24 of 72 patients who were mutation positive did not meet established genetic testing criteria for the gene(s) in which they had a mutation.The authors conclude that multigene panel testing should be considered for all patients with early-onset CRC.A companion editorial by Vilar and Stoff el discusses the clinical impact.Editorial 448 KRAS-Variant and Cetuximab Response in HNSCC 483Weidhaas and colleagues examine whether KRAS-variant is a predictive biomarker of cetuximab response in locally advanced head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC).Of 891 patients with advanced HNSCC from a phase 3 trial of cisplatin plus radiotherapy with or without cetuximab, 413 were genotyped for the KRAS-variant.For patients with the KRAS-variant, cetuximab improved both progression-free survival for the fi rst year and overall survival in years 1 to 2, which suggests that patients with HNSCC with the KRAS-variant benefi t from the addition of cetuximab to radiotherapy and cisplatin. Invited Commentary 491 Hepatocellular Carcinoma Recurrence After Liver Transplant 493Mehta and colleagues developed and validated a Risk Estimation of Tumor Recurrence After Transplant (RETREAT) score for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and 1061 patients who underwent liver transplantation participated in this study.The authors found that 3 variables were independently associated with HCC recurrence: explant tumor burden, microvascular invasion, and α-fetoprotein level, and the RETREAT score was created using these 3 variables.The RETREAT score was highly predictive of HCC recurrence risk after liver transplantation, suggesting that this prognostic score will help identify patients who would benefi t from future adjuvant therapies.
Fees
Authors: Daniel M. Musher
Journal: JAMA (1983)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> It was interesting to read the thorough coverage of the use of chymopapain injection to treat herniated intervertebral disks (1983; 249:1115). The article stated that the surgical fee will range from $1,200 to $3,000 for the 45- to 60-minute procedure. I find this excessive fee difficult to justify and hope that the correspondence section of<i>JAMA</i>can be used for a comment. To put it into perspective, a high school teacher with a PhD in the prime of his mature career will face a class of 25 or more students, five days a week, six hours a day for a full month to generate this income. A nurse working night shifts at a charity hospital will also bear the responsibility, difficulty, and attendant unpleasantness in her job for one month to do the same. Can society be expected to pay an orthopedic surgeon a lifetime of fees
Abstract 5322: Mutation-Linked, Defective Inter-Domain Interaction within the Cardiac Ryanodine Receptor as a Critical Cause of Catecholaminergic Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia (CPVT)
Authors: Hitoshi Uchinoumi, Masafumi Yano, Takeshi Suetomi, Xiaojuan Xu, Makoto Ono, Hiroki Tateishi, Shinichi Okuda, Shigeki Kobayashi, Takeshi Yamamoto, Yasuhiro Ikeda, Tomoko Ohkusa, Masunori Matsuzaki
Journal: Circulation (2008)

We previously reported that interaction of N-terminal (0–600) and central domains (2000–2500) of the cardiac ryanodine receptor (RyR2), harboring many mutations associated with CPVT, is defective (i.e. domain unzipping) in failing hearts. Here, we examined the pathogenic role of the inter-domain interaction within RyR2 in the mutation-linked channel disorder in human CPVT-associated RyR2 R2474S/+ knock-in (KI) mice model. In all KI mice (6/6), bi-directional ventricular tachycardia was observed during or after exercise with treadmill, but not in wild-type (WT) mice (0/7). Sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) vesicles were isolated (n=4), then RyR2 was fluorescently labeled with methylcoumarin acetamido (MCA) using DP 2460–2495 (DPc10), harboring the same CPVT mutation site as KI mice; R2474S, as a site-directing carrier. Only in KI (but not in WT) mice, partial domain unzipping was taken place at baseline, and further domain unzipping occurred in response to cAMP (1 μM), as evidenced by an increased accessibility of the bound MCA to a large-size fluorescence quencher. In the saponin-permiabilized KI cardiomyocytes; [Ca 2+ ] was buffered at 30 nM by 0.5 mM EGTA, the relationship curve between the frequency of Ca 2+ sparks (SpF: s −1 ·100μm −1 ; by Rhod- 2) and SR Ca 2+ content {Ca 2+ con ; by caffeine application}, obtained by incremental addition of cAMP (0.1–1 μM), was markedly shifted to the left (towards lower SR Ca 2+ content) compared to WT cardiomyocytes, although RyR2 2808Ser phosphorylation is similarly increased in WT and KI. For instance, at 1 μM of [cAMP], Ca 2+ con decreased by 43 % from WT, although SpF was more increased in KI than WT (KI: 19.6±0.5; WT: 14.7±0.4, p&lt;0.01). Interestingly, addition of DPc10 (50 μM), which was found to induce similar domain unzipping (competing with native domain) in WT as KI (+cAMP), to WT cardiomyocytes reproduced the leftward shift of the SpF-Ca 2+ con curve seen in KI. In conclusion, single point mutation at specific region may causatively induce defective inter-domain interaction between N-terminal and central domains in response to PKA phosphorylation, and in turn enhance the sensitivity of the channel to activation by luminal [Ca 2+ ]: i.e. decreased threshold [Ca 2+ ] L to induce spontaneous Ca 2+ sparks, leading to CPVT.
Leads from the MMWR. Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) update--United States
Journal: JAMA (1983)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Brain scanning in cerebral vascular disease
Authors: D. E. Tow
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Forty-three patients with cerebral vascular accidents were divided into groups according to whether the available data and brain scans indicated cerebral hemorrhage or thrombosis and according to the intervals between scanning and onset of symptoms. There was a higher incidence of abnormal brain scans in patients with hemorrhage. The difference was most striking during the first week. During this period two of the four patients in the hemorrhagic group had abnormal brain scans, compared with only one of ten in the thrombotic group. A normal scan performed within the first week increased the probability of the diagnosis of cerebral thrombosis, since abnormal brain scans occur in about 80% to 90% of patients with brain tumors. A change in the appearance of the lesion over appropriate periods of time was more characteristic of vascular disease than of tumor.
Ethical criteria.
Journal: BMJ (1973)

Ethical CriteriaThe medical secrets of patients have never been of so much interest to so many people as they are today.Clinicians, epidemiologists, geneticists, biochemists, social workers are all taking part in researches designed to improve diagnosis and treatment.For some of them indeed the research is a way of life; for nearly all it is a response to a strongly felt impulse to improve man's lot and advance their own.Their eagerness to make observations and collect data is under- standable, and the results show it often to be commendable.But in the process what happens to the confidence that a patient entrustis to his doctor?The medical profession throughout the ages has regarded this trust as sacred.It is in this context that the report from the Medical Research Council pulblished this week in the B.M.Y. at page 213 needs to be considered.
Hyperlipemia and Alcoholic Cirrhosis
Journal: JAMA (1973)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Authors' reply
Authors: B Godeau, C Cormier, C J Menkes
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1992)

cance rating of one.The combinations of NSAIDs with a fi blocker, quinidine with cimetidine, and glibenclamide with a thiazide diuretic each occurred in one patient.These combinations have a significance rating of two.The combinations of NSAIDs with methotrexate, salicylates with enalapril, and digoxin with hydroxychloroquine each occurred in two patients.These combinations have a significance rating of four.None of the patients had reported a drug interaction before admission.The mean duration of admission was 39 days (range 7-84), during which time the only adverse reactions were diarrhoea secondary to auranofin in one patient and a skin rash secondary to sodium aurothiomalate in one patient.This small study supports previous studies illustrating the potential for drug interactions in patients with arthritis and emphasises the need for continued vigilance.Most potential drug interactions involve NSAIDs.'The absence of significant clinical drug interactions might be attributed to the judicious use of NSAIDs.They were reserved for the management of definite inflammation, and of the 33 patients receiving NSAIDs, 22 were receiving half the maximum recom- mended dose.
成人依恋取向和心理调适应对策略对皮肤病患者生活的 影响
Authors: M. Krasuska, A.C. Lavda, A.R. Thompson, A. Millings
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2018)

皮肤病会对日常生活,特别是人际关系产生重大影响。然而,无论疾病严重程度如何,有些患者就是比别人更容易受这些问题困扰。有证据表明,患者向朋友和家人寻求支持的程度(“依恋取向”)预示着他们应对慢性疾病的能力,但以前有关皮肤病的研究少之又少。英国谢菲尔德的这些心理学家对此进行了研究。他们在通过大学和患者支持团体招募的206名成人中开展了在线问卷调查。参与者必须已经由医疗专业人士诊断为患有皮肤病,并且在过去6个月中出现症状。使用外表相关痛苦和皮肤相关生活质量(QoL)评分评估了参与者对皮肤病的心理调适。测量了依恋取向的两个维度:对亲密关系的恐惧(“依恋回避”)和对被抛弃的恐惧(“依恋焦虑”)。还研究了2种应对策略的使用:失败主义(例如放弃、拒绝或沉溺于毒品或酒精)和行动主义(幽默、发泄、寻求帮助或制定计划)。他们发现,表现出更高依恋回避和依恋焦虑水平的人报告了更显著的失败主义态度,导致此类患者在情感和功能这两个方面遭受更大的外表相关痛苦和更低的QoL。让人诧异的是,采取积极应对策略的人也体会到了更大的外表相关痛苦,也许他们更难以接受自己的疾病。作者得出的结论是,有不安全依恋取向的人更容易受皮肤病困扰,针对潜在依恋取向的心理干预可能对他们 有益。
Surgical Pathology
Journal: JAMA (1953)

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RACE SUICIDE.
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Life as It Is
Journal: JAMA (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
VISION: An international, prospective, open-label, multicenter, randomized phase 3 study of <sup>177</sup>Lu-PSMA-617 in the treatment of patients with progressive PSMA-positive metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC).
Authors: A. Oliver Sartor, Michael J. Morris, Bernd J Krause
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2019)

TPS5099 Background: The novel therapeutic drug 177 Lu-PSMA-617 is a prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) targeting agent to deliver radionuclide therapy for the treatment of pts with metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer. Based on preclinical data that demonstrated high PSMA binding affinity &amp; compound internalization, prolonged tumor uptake, rapid kidney clearance, &amp; high tumor-to-background ratio, 177 Lu-PSMA-617 proceeded into clinical development. Preliminary clinical evidence indicates 177 Lu-PSMA-617 may demonstrate clinical benefit in pts with mCRPC in a setting where pts had no recommended standard of care. This Phase 3 study will assess the efficacy of 177 Lu-PSMA-617 in patients with progressive PSMA-positive mCRPC by measuring overall survival (OS) and radiographic progression free survival (rPFS) in a randomized, prospective, open-label trial. Methods: The primary objective of this study is to compare the 2 alternative endpoints of rPFS &amp; OS in pts with progressive PSMA-positive mCRPC who receive 177 Lu-PSMA-617 in addition to best supportive/standard of care vs pts treated with best supportive/best standard of care alone. Eligibility criteria are: PSMA expressing tumor; prior exposure to a taxane and novel androgen axis drug. Pts will be randomized in a 2:1 ratio in favor of the investigational arm with stratification factors of LDH, liver disease, ECOG score, and use of NAAD at time of randomization as a standard of care. Under the alternative hypothesis, median OS on active is assumed to be 13.7 mo for a HR of 0.7306 and rPFS on the active is assumed to be 6 mo for a HR of 0.67. Planned enrollment for this study is 750 patients. Enrollment began in June 2018 and continues; the IDMC last reviewed the trial for safety in January 2019 and suggested that the trial continue as planned. Clinical trial information: NCT03511664.
IS CANCER BECOMING MORE PREVALENT?
Journal: JAMA (1934)

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Polio Vaccine, SV 40, Cancer: A Report
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal