tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A Controlled Evaluation of Continuous Passive Motion in Patients Undergoing Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Janice Mclnnes
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To evaluate the efficacy of continuous passive motion (CPM) in the postoperative management of patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty. <h3>Design.</h3> —A randomized controlled single-blind trial of CPM plus standardized rehabilitation vs standard rehabilitation alone. <h3>Setting.</h3> —A referral hospital for arthritis and musculoskeletal care. <h3>Patients.</h3> —Consecutive patients with end-stage osteoarthritis or rheumatoid arthritis undergoing primary total knee arthroplasty who had at least 90° of passive knee flexion. One hundred fifty-four patients were eligible and 102 patients agreed to participate and were randomized. Ninety-three patients completed the study protocol. <h3>Intervention.</h3> —Continuous passive motion machines programmed for rate and specified arc of motion within 24 hours of surgery with range increased daily as tolerated with standardized rehabilitation program compared with standardized rehabilitation program alone. <h3>Main Outcome Measures.</h3> —Primary outcomes were pain, active and passive knee range of motion, swelling (or circumference), quadriceps strength at postoperative day 7, as well as complications, length of stay, and active and passive range of motion and function at 6 weeks. <h3>Results.</h3> —Use of CPM increased active flexion and decreased swelling and the need for manipulations but did not significantly affect pain, active and passive extension, quadriceps strength, or length of hospital stay. At 6 weeks there were no differences between the two groups in either range of motion or function. In this series, use of CPM resulted in a net savings of $6764 over conventional rehabilitation in achieving these results. <h3>Conclusion.</h3> —For the average patient undergoing total knee arthroplasty, CPM is more effective in improving range of motion, decreasing swelling, and reducing the need for manipulation than is conventional therapy and lowers cost. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1992;268:1423-1428)
Alone No Longer: The Story of a Man Who Refused to be One of the Living Dead!
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Human Glutathione S-Transferase Supergene Family, Its Polymorphism, and Its Effects on Susceptibility to Lung Cancer
Authors: Brian Ketterer, Jonathan M. Harris, Glen Talaska, David J. Meyer, Sally E. Pemble, John B. Taylor, Nicholas P. Lang, Fred F. Kadlubar
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1992)

Cytosolic glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are a supergene family of dimeric enzymes capable of detoxifying a number of carcinogenic electrophiles. Of the numerous components of tobacco smoke, the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons appear to be the principal compounds that yield substrates for these enzymes, GSTM1-1 being effective with those PAH derivatives so far studied; however, the gene locus for GSTM1 is polymorphic, containing two well-characterized expressing genes and a null allele. Use of cDNA for GSTM1-1 or appropriate fragments of genomic clones as probes in Southern blots indicated that the null allele is due to the absence of GSTM1. In preliminary experiments, described here, with lung tissue from smokers, levels of 32P-postlabeled nuclease P1-enhanced DNA adducts were inversely correlated with levels of antigen cross-reacting with antibody to GSTM1-1, suggesting that initiation depends on the expression of GSTM1-1. Since similar quantities of DNA adducts and GSTM1-1 activity have been shown to occur in bronchial and peripheral lung, however, the development of malignancy, which is usually in the bronchial region, presumably depends on additional factors that bring about promotion and progression, which are not necessarily affected by GSTM1 expression. Two epidemiological studies have been carried out in which a possible correlation between the absence of GSTM1 and lung cancer incidence is considered. In the first, involving a U.S. population sample, smokers with and without lung cancer were phenotyped, and a highly significant correlation between the absence of GSTM1-1 activity and adenocarcinoma of the lung was observed.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
The New Bacchus
Journal: JAMA (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 5234: Epigenetic control of heparanase expression through CRISPR/dCas9
Authors: Guihua Zeng, Fu-Sen Liang, Lina Cui
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Heparanase is the only known enzyme that cleaves heparan sulfate (HS) and hence participates in the degradation and remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Pathological expression of heparanase at abnormal levels can contribute to the development of various diseases. In our research, directed by clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) system, the promoter region of heparanase was successfully and specifically targeted with screened and combined single guide RNAs (sgRNAs). Linking dCas9 with different histone modification enzymes (eg. P300, hHDAC3, LSD1), the expression of heparanase was successfully up- or down-regulated through acetylation, deacetylation and demethylation. This approach allows us to tune heparanase expression in various cell lines on demand, enabling the study of heparanase activity in real time. Citation Format: Guihua Zeng, Fu-Sen Liang, Lina Cui. Epigenetic control of heparanase expression through CRISPR/dCas9 [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 5234.
Preventing Preeclampsia
Authors: Frederick P. Zuspan, Philip Samuels
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1993)

The report in this issue of the Journal by Sibai and colleagues1 highlights the search for a treatment to alter the incidence of preeclampsia. Hypertensive disorders complicate 10 to 12 percent of the 3.5 million pregnancies each year in the United States. The majority of the women with such disorders have preeclampsia (defined as hypertension and proteinuria beginning after 20 weeks of gestation), making preeclampsia the most common medical disease in pregnancy1. Although 85 percent of women with preeclampsia are nulliparous, multiparous women who have chronic hypertension antedating pregnancy have a 25 percent risk of superimposed preeclampsia. In developed . . .
Hospice Benefits and Phase I Cancer Trials
Authors: Ira Byock, Steven H. Miles
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2004)

Letters6 January 2004Hospice Benefits and Phase I Cancer TrialsIra Byock, MD and Steven H. Miles, MDIra Byock, MDFrom The Practical Ethics Center, University of Montana; Missoula, MT 59812; and Center for Bioethics, University of Minnesota; Minneapolis, MN 55455.Search for more papers by this author and Steven H. Miles, MDFrom The Practical Ethics Center, University of Montana; Missoula, MT 59812; and Center for Bioethics, University of Minnesota; Minneapolis, MN 55455.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-140-1-200401060-00030 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:We asserted that people who qualify for hospice care under Medicare must not be rendered ineligible for hospice services if they choose to enter a phase I trial. We do not share Dr. Avery's view that people who enroll in hospice should not be allowed to participate in phase I trials. Hospice is a service delivery model for providing palliative care. Neither research nor patient care is served by denying patients with incurable cancer the opportunity to contribute to determining safe doses for therapies that may help others. Many terminally ill patients value a sense of contributing to ...References1. Steinhauser KE, Clipp EC, McNeilly M, Christakis NA, McIntyre LM, Tulsky JA. In search of a good death: observations of patients, families, and providers. Ann Intern Med. 2000;132:825-32. [PMID: 10819707] LinkGoogle Scholar2. Promoting Excellence in End-of-Life Care. www.promotingexcellence.org. Accessed 18 May 2003. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From The Practical Ethics Center, University of Montana; Missoula, MT 59812; and Center for Bioethics, University of Minnesota; Minneapolis, MN 55455. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoIn Search of a Good Death: Observations of Patients, Families, and Providers Karen E. Steinhauser , Elizabeth C. Clipp , Maya McNeilly , Nicholas A. Christakis , Lauren M. McIntyre , and James A. Tulsky Hospice Benefits and Phase I Cancer Trials Ira Byock and Steven H. Miles Hospice Benefits and Phase I Cancer Trials Robert Avery Hospice Benefits and Phase I Cancer Trials Donald L. Trump Metrics Cited ByHospice Patients in Clinical Cancer Treatment Trials 6 January 2004Volume 140, Issue 1Page: 71KeywordsClinical trialsInstitutional review boardsMedicarePalliative carePatientsPhase 2 trials ePublished: 6 January 2004 Issue Published: 6 January 2004 CopyrightCopyright © 2004 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Human papilloma virus linked to cervical (and other) cancers
Authors: M. L. Zoler
Journal: JAMA (1983)

Human papilloma virus (HPV) has for some time been known to cause benign tumors, or warts. However, a growing body of evidence now links HPV to the genesis of some malignant tumors. The evidence of HPV's role in human cancer remains circumstantial, (although its association with squamous cell carcinomas in animals is well established). But a strong case has been made by the recent finding of genetic sequences homologous to the genome of one HPV type, HPV 16, in cells taken from women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (the severe form of which corresponds to carcinoma in situ) or invasive cervical cancer. These sequences were observed in 12 of 20 specimens from German patients and in 10 of 35 specimens from African and South American patients (<i>Proc Nat Acad Sci</i>, in press). "Based on these findings, we can now suggest that infection of genital tissue with HPV 16 represents a significant
Use of Gentian Violet in Thrush.
Journal: JAMA (1925)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Survival in patients undergoing transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt: ePTFE-covered stentgrafts versus bare stents
Authors: B Angermayr
Journal: Hepatology (2003)

In patients with liver cirrhosis, implantation of a transjugular intrahepatic shunt (TIPS) leads to reduction of portal pressure, but not of mortality compared with other therapies. The high stenosis rates of conventional bare stents causes high reintervention rates and costs and may be correlated with poor survival. ePTFE-covered stentgrafts provide much improved patency rates, but their impact on survival is unclear. All suitable patients receiving either bare TIPS (419/466) or undergoing implantation of ePTFE endoprostheses (89/100) in several centers in Austria up to 2002 were included in this retrospective analysis. Both patient groups were compared regarding survival with Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analysis. Unmatched and 1:1-matched survival analyses were performed. Patients undergoing ePTFE stentgraft implantation had significantly higher survival rates in all analyses. The 3-month, 1-year, and 2-year survival rates were 93%, 88%, and 76% for the ePTFE-group and 83%, 73%, and 62% for conventional TIPS patients, respectively. The matched survival analyses validated these findings. The model of the stent, patient age, and Child-Pugh Class (CPC) were independent predictors of survival. In conclusion, patients undergoing ePTFE-endoprosthesis implantation had higher survival rates within 2 years after TIPS-implantation. This may be the result of improved patency rates after correct placement (up to the inferior caval vein [ICV]) of the ePTFE stentgraft. These data should be validated in a prospective series.
Life
Authors: Fred Charatan
Journal: BMJ (2005)

We report two cases of unexplained hypothyroidism in patients taking oral ciprofloxacin (figure).Nursing staff gave levothyroxine.Prescription charts showed no drug administration errors.Patients did not have nausea, vomiting, or diarrhoea. Case reports Case 1An 80 year old woman with advanced thyroid cancer had maintained suppressed concentrations of thyroid stimulating hormone and stable free thyroxine by taking 125 g levothyroxine daily.She was admitted with a pathological fracture of the femur and complicating osteomyelitis.After four weeks' treatment with oral ciprofloxacin (750 mg twice a day), intravenous dicloxacillin, and subcutaneous heparin, she complained of increasing tiredness.Her thyroid stimulating hormone concentration had increased to 44 mIU/l (reference range 0.4-4.4mIU/l), free thyroxine had fallen to 4 pmol/l (12-22 pmol/l), and free triiodothyronine was 1.0 pmol/l (3.1-6.3 pmol/l).Increasing levothyroxine to 200 g daily had no effect.We reduced levothyroxine to 125 g daily and stopped ciprofloxacin, and thyroid function tests rapidly became normal.Other drugs (alfacalcidiol, propranolol, ranitidine, furosemide, methenamine hippurate, paracetamol, morphine, and ondansetron) were unchanged.We continued to give dicloxacillin and heparin as thyroid function returned to normal (figure).The patient died of metastatic thyroid cancer three weeks after discharge.
Inulin as a Marker of Dilution of Bronchoalveolar Lavage in Asthmatic and Normal Subjects
Authors: Louise J. Restrick, Anthony P. Sampson, Priscilla J. Piper, John F. Costello
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1995)

Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid is a variable mixture of instilled and lung fluid, which makes interpretation of solute concentrations difficult. We describe the use of inulin as a marker of dilution of BAL in human subjects. BAL, using saline containing 0.1 mM inulin, was safely performed in 13 subjects with mild asthma and 11 normal subjects. The dilution factor (DF: inulin concentration in BAL fluid/inulin concentration in instilled fluid) was measured spectrophotometrically, and it was used to calculate the volume of lung fluid in BAL fluid. There was no significant difference between the median (range) DF of 0.931 (0.825 to 0.952) in asthmatics and 0.907 (0.768 to 0.985) in control subjects (p = 0.77). There was wide individual variation in, but no significant difference between, the lung fluid volume of 8.1 ml (5.4 to 22.2) in asthmatics and 12.3 ml (1.9 to 30.6) in control subjects (p = 0.56), thus validating comparisons of concentrations per ml of BAL fluid. Alternatively, concentrations can be compared per ml of lung fluid. Inulin fulfilled the requirements for a marker of dilution of BAL, enabling the validation and standardization of comparisons of solute concentrations in BAL fluid.
Fetal retroperitoneal fibrosis associated with hydramnios. Case report with comments upon factors controlling amniotic fluid volume
Authors: J. L. Duffy
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis developed in a fetus and was associated with acute second-trimester hydramnios. Glomerulosclerosis, histologically similar to glomerulonephritis, was also found and is felt to be due to increased renal vein pressure secondary to involvement of the inferior vena cava by the retroperitoneal fibrosis. It is postulated that fetal proteinuria also resulted and caused the hydramnios by increasing the osmolarity of the amniotic fluid. This case seems to give additional credence to the theory that, during the second half of pregnancy at least, amniotic fluid volume is regulated by the osmotic effect of protein introduced into the fluid by the fetal kidney and removed by the fetal gastrointestinal tract.
Noninvasive point-of-care 13C-Methacetin Breath Test (MBT) predicts risk of clinical deterioration independently of currently used prognostic indicators in patients with decompensated NASH cirrhosis
Authors: John Vierling, Arun Sanyal, Scott Friedman, Mitchell Shiffman, Jean Chan, Raphael Werner, Jaime Bosch
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2020)
THE CRIMINAL BRAIN NOT NECESSARILY DEGENERATE.
Journal: JAMA (1895)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal