tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Revue d'Hygiene et de Medicine Sociale, Paris
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
School-Associated Pertussis Outbreak—Yavapai County, Arizona, September 2002–February 2003
Journal: JAMA (2004)

On September 21, 2002, a pertussis case (confirmed by isolation of Bordetella pertussis) was reported to the Yavapai County Health Department (YCHD). The patient was a child aged 13 years in the 8th grade at a middle school in Yavapai County; the child had attended school during the illness. A case consistent with the clinical definition of pertussis had been reported in another student in the same classroom 2 weeks earlier. On September 22, a second culture-confirmed case was reported from the same classroom. Subsequent investigation identified five additional persons (two students in the same classroom, two 8th-grade teachers, and one parent of an ill student) with prolonged cough illnesses. In comparison, during the previous 10 years, an average of four pertussis cases were reported annually from this county. On September 26, YCHD, in conjunction with the Arizona Department of Health Services (ADHS) and school officials, notified the community of the pertussis outbreak in the middle school and initiated control measures. This report summarizes the epidemiology of the outbreak and the control measures used to contain it. Health-care providers should consider pertussis in persons of any age with acute cough illnesses and consider obtaining nasopharyngeal (NP) specimens for B. pertussis culture.
ANNOUNCEMENTS: Continuing Medical Education
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1991)

Journal Article ANNOUNCEMENTS: Continuing Medical Education Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 83, Issue 9, 1 May 1991, Pages 654–655, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/83.9.654 Published: 01 May 1991
Hepatic hemangioma with normal angiograms. Three case reports
Authors: W. D. Davis
Journal: JAMA (1990)

Three cases of symptomatic cavernous hemangioma of the liver are reported. All three patients have normal angiograms. A review of the literature shows that the diagnosis of hemangioma may be made noninvasively with a high degree of accuracy. Technetium Tc 99m—labeled red blood cell scanning is very specific, while dynamic computed tomography may be more sensitive for small lesions. A combination of the two modalities makes the diagnosis in greater than 90% of cases. Magnetic resonance imaging is also sensitive and specific. Angiography, as shown in these cases, may not only be questionably indicated, but may be misleading. The treatment for symptomatic lesions is resection, and secondary alternatives are discussed. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1990;263:983-986)
Phase I trial of sorafenib with concurrent radiotherapy (RT) in patients with invasive bladder cancer treated with bladder-sparing intent: A Spanish Oncology Genitourinary Group study.
Authors: X. Garcia del Muro, J. P. Maroto, B. Mellado, F. Ferrer, G. Sancho, A. Rovirosa, J. Palou, M. J. Ribal, J. M. Piulats, J. Martin Liberal, J. Munoz Segui
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

e15127 Background: Preclinical studies suggest enhanced radiation-induced cell death when VEGFR inhibitor therapies are combined with RT. Methods: Patients with localized muscle invasive urothelial carcinoma of the bladder in clinical stage T2-3 N0 M0, who were not eligible or rejected radical cystectomy, ECOG PS 0-2, and adequate hematological, renal and hepatic function, were enrolled in this phase I study to assess safety and identify the dose limiting toxicity (DLT), maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and recommended dose (RD) of sorafenib combined with RT. A 3+3 dose escalation design with cohorts of 3-6 patients was used. Treatment consisted of TUR, followed by normofractionated (2 Gy/day) external-beam RT with high-energy photons, 46 Gy to minor pelvis and 66 Gy to bladder, combined with sorafenib given po continuously. Sorafenib was started two weeks before RT and was administered for 12 weeks, finishing 4 weeks after RT. Dose levels 1, 2 and 3 corresponded to sorafenib 200 mg qd, 200 mg bid and 400 mg bid. Pathological response was assessed by post-treatment TUR. Results: Ten patients were included: median age 71 years (44-84); gender 7M: 3F. Patients were treated at 3 dose levels, the MTD was reached at level 3 and the RD was: sorafenib 200 mg bid with RT. Two DLTs occurred, both at the third dose level: diarrhea grade 3 and digestive bleeding grade 3 with secondary anemia and hemodynamic angor in a patient with previous small bowel angiodysplasia. The most frequent toxicity was diarrhea. Other grade 1-2 toxicities included rash, fatigue, hand-foot syndrome, hypertension, dysuria and urinary frequency. One patient developed late radiation cystitis. Pathological complete response was achieved in 8 of 9 patients evaluated. Salvage cystectomy has been performed in one patient due to recurrent superficial bladder tumor. After a median follow up of 23 months, 7 patients remain disease-free with intact bladder. Conclusions: The combination of sorafenib and RT appears to be feasible and safe allowing long-term bladder preservation in selected patients. A phase II study to assess the activity of this promising combination is warranted.
Manuscripts Approved for JNCI, October 10 to November 10, 1963
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1963)

Journal Article Manuscripts Approved for JNCI, October 10 to November 10, 1963 Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 31, Issue 6, December 1963, Pages 1591–1592, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/31.6.1591-a Published: 01 December 1963
Prognostic and diagnostic role of angiogenesis biomarkers in hepatocellular carcinoma treated with chemoembolization
Authors: Giulia Peserico, Elisa Pinto, Anna Sartori, Angela Imondi, Filippo Pelizzaro, Barbara Penzo, Umberto Cillo, Alessandro Vitale, Franco Trevisani, Fabio Farinati
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2020)
Mountain Climbing
Authors: Simon N. Whitney
Journal: JAMA (1977)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Dr Miller (237:532, 1977) correctly points out the oddities in the mountain climbing cover (Nov 8,1976), but he is hasty in concluding that the men shown are "crazy" or "30 ft from their car" and that the picture is "obviously staged." IfThe Journalpublished a picture of a surgeon in morning dress in the operating room, its readers would deduce that he was one of our professional predecessors, not that he was ignorant of the principles of asepsis. Similarly, the photograph on the cover documents an earlier era in mountaineering. The protective techniques shown were once accepted,<sup>1</sup>and the manila rope being used was also once the standard. Nowadays, you're not likely to see a manila rope except, perhaps, on the wall of a climbing lodge. (The synthetics do a much better job.) I think it's a lovely picture. Their techniques were appalling by modern
The Diagnostics of Internal Medicine. A Clinical Treatise on the Recognized Principles of Medical Diagnosis, Prepared for the Use of Students and Practitioners of Medicine.
Journal: JAMA (1901)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Ophthalmology
Authors: T. P. O'Brien
Journal: JAMA (1994)

Since founding of the National Eye Institute in 1968, the expansion of vision research in the United States and throughout the world has vastly increased our knowledge of the eye and the visual process. Ophthalmologists also continue to make advances in understanding disease processes of the eye from front to back, contributing not only to prevention of blindness, but to improved quality of life and substantial savings in health-related costs. Disposable contact lenses were introduced commercially in the late 1980s and offered the promise of improved safety compared with nondisposable lenses for extended wear<sup>1</sup>: Epidemiologic studies completed prior to approval of disposable contact lenses documented a 10-fold increased risk of corneal ulcers associated with extended overnight wear of nondisposable contact lenses.<sup>2</sup>However, recent case-control studies<sup>3,4</sup>suggest that overnight wear of contact lenses, rather than whether the lenses are disposable or extended wear, is the overwhelming risk factor
Topical nitroglycerin for ischemic heart disease
Authors: J. A. Miner
Journal: JAMA (1978)

THE MAINSTAY of medical management of angina pectoris continues to be β-blocking agents and nitrates. Used initially in the treatment of Raynaud's disease,<sup>1</sup>nitroglycerin ointment was first introduced for the treatment of angina pectoris in 1955, but at that time it did not receive widespread clinical application. In the past few years, topical nitroglycerin has enjoyed a revival as a therapeutic agent, especially for patients with unstable or nocturnal angina. We compared the physiological and clinical effectiveness of sublingual and topical nitroglycerin (Nitrol Ointment) when used in patients with ischemic heart disease. <h3>Mechanism of Action of Nitroglycerin</h3> Myocardial ischemia is the result of an imbalance between myocardial oxygen demand and myocardial oxygen supply. Although nitroglycerin has been shown to be clinically effective in the therapy of this condition, its exact mechanism of action is still uncertain. At the present time it seems prudent to consider that nitroglycerin alters the
Pathology
Authors: Tracy B. Mallory
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1947)

FOUR years have elapsed since I have had the privilege of recording progress in pathology for this series. During that period staffs of civilian laboratories were cut to the bone, and the demands of routine diagnostic work and year-round teaching under the accelerated program of medical education left little opportunity or energy for investigative work. To a considerable extent this was balanced by the necessity of pathological investigation of problems of military importance, a need largely cared for in this country by the farsighted policy of the United States Army in developing and progressively expanding the Army Institute of Pathology . . .
Abstract 687: Implementation of inter-patient variability in semi-mechanistic model of melanoma treatment with vemurafenib
Authors: Dmitry Shchelokov, Oleg Demin, Oleg Demin
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Introduction: The number of parameters in quantitative systems pharmacology (QSP), mechanistic and semi-mechanistic models is greater than in conventional PK/PD models. That is why it is not possible to implement inter-patient variability using only clinical data. The objective of this study was to describe inter-patient variability in the semi-mechanistic model of melanoma treatment with vemurafenib, a BRAF inhibitor, on the basis of published human in vitro, in vivo and clinical data, and to predict overall response from phase 2 clinical trial. Methods: Model described melanoma progression and its treatment with vemurafenib. It includes (i) proliferation, apoptosis, and transition between states (c-MET negative/positive and sensitive/resistant to BRAF inhibitor) of cancer cells; (ii) HGF effect on proliferation of melanoma cells; (iii) PK/PD of vemurafenib. Various types of data were used to extract inter-patient variability, for example: (a) in vitro data on effect of vemurafenib on melanoma cell lines [1]; (b) in vivo data on tumor growth in melanoma patients without treatment [2]; (c) in vivo data on HGF level in blood plasma of melanoma patients [3]. Results: Different virtual patients developed by the model reproduce all types of tumor response to vemurafenib monotherapy according to RECIST criteria: complete response, partial response, stable disease and progressive disease. To evaluate the predictive ability of the model in a quantitative manner we compared results of simulation of virtual patients population with clinical outcomes. An overall response rate was 70% in the model versus 53% (95% CI, 44 to 62) observed in phase 2 clinical trial [4]. Overestimation can be explained by intermittent administration and dose reduction in case of adverse events in clinical trials which were not taken into account in the model. Conclusions: Our work establishes the benefit of using of in vitro and in vivo data in addition to clinical data to predict the variability in treatment outcomes of cancer patients. [1] Stones et al. Front Genet. 2013 May 8;4:66 [2] Hartung et al. PLoS One. 2017 May 4;12(5):e0176080 [3] Hügel et al. Melanoma Res. 2016 Aug;26(4):354-60 [4] Sosman et al. N Engl J Med. 2012 Feb 23;366(8):707-14 Citation Format: Dmitry Shchelokov, Oleg Demin Jr, Oleg Demin. Implementation of inter-patient variability in semi-mechanistic model of melanoma treatment with vemurafenib [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 687.
Correction: How frequently should basic cardiopulmonary resuscitation training be repeated to maintain adequate skill?
Journal: BMJ (1993)

Public health implications * Most women in developed countries are now offered screening for neural tube defects and affected babies are less common * Ascertainment of all births and terminations of pregnancy affected by neural tube defects in South Australia shows that the total prevalence remained stable during 1966-91 * Birth prevalence, however, fell by 84% as a result of screening * Serum a fetoprotein concentration and ultrasonography detected 85% of affected pregnancies before 28 weeks' gestation * Coordinated population based screening pro- grammes and registers of birth defects allow accurate assessment of effectiveness of prenatal diagnosis and preventive measures
In alcoholic hepatitis, cytokeratin 18 serum fragments reflect its severity and predict responsiveness to prednisolone
Authors: Stephen Atkinson, Jane Grove, Stephanie Liebig, Stuart Astbury, Robert D. Goldin, Alberto Quaglia, Heike Bantel, Neil Guha, Mark Thursz, Pavel Strnad, Guruprasad Aithal
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2020)
Effects of Noise and Electromagnetic Fields on Reproductive Outcomes
Authors: Robert E. Meyer, Tim E. Aldrich, Clay E. Easterly
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1989)

Much public health research has been directed to studies of cancer risks due to chemical agents. Recently, increasing attention has been given to adverse reproductive outcomes as another, shorter-term biologic indicator of public health impact. Further, several low-level ubiquitous physical agents have been implicated recently as possibly affecting human health. These physical factors (noise and electromagnetic fields) represent difficult topics for research with epidemiologic study methods. This paper provides a brief review of the published data related to the risk of adverse reproductive outcomes and exposure to noise or electromagnetic fields. The discussion includes ideas for possible biologic mechanisms, considerations for exposure assessment, and suggestions for epidemiologic research.
Biventricular Pacing
Authors: John A Jarcho
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2006)

A 55-year-old man who had had an anterior-wall myocardial infarction six months previously and had a widened QRS complex on electrocardiography presents with refractory congestive heart failure despite medical therapy. Implantation of a biventricular pacemaker is recommended. The use of such pacemakers to resynchronize ventricular contraction has been demonstrated to prolong survival in certain subgroups of patients.
CEREBROSPINAL MENINGITIS IN THE ARMY
Journal: JAMA (1918)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 2566: CYT01B suppresses RAD51 focus formation and induces replication catastrophe following AID induced DNA damage
Authors: Melinda Day, Amber Cyr, Tyler Maclay, Kevin Mills
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Activation Induced Cytidine Deaminase (AID) is a DNA-directed cytidine deaminase that plays a critical role in somatic hypermutation and immunoglobulin class switching in activated B- lymphocytes. AID is often ectopically expressed and promotes genomic hypermutation in a range of lymphoid malignancies. Deamination of genomic cytidines results in point mutations, single strand DNA breaks (SSB), and double strand DNA breaks (DSB). The resulting DNA damage stress leads to an obligate dependency on homologous recombination for cellular survival. RAD51 is a critical component of the homologous recombination pathway, forming nucleoprotein filaments at sites of DNA damage or replication fork stalls. RAD51 mediates homologous DNA strand exchange to promote recombinational repair of breaks and damaged replication forks. We have previously shown that RAD51 depletion leads to accumulation of DNA breaks, and ultimately cell death, in AID expressing cells. We now describe the mechanism of action for a novel small molecule, CYT01B, that targets RAD51 mediated recombination. Treatment of AID-expressing cells with CYT01B, attenuates RAD51 focus formation, reduces the nuclear concentration of RAD51, and promotes RAD51 protein degradation. CYT01B reduces homologous recombination activity in cells, culminating in cytologically visible chromosome fragmentation following DNA damage. Finally, CYT01B treated cells undergo replication catastrophe associated with caspase 3/7 activation and persistent PCNA nuclear signal. We conclude that CYT01B is a novel homologous recombination inhibitor, and propose a new synthetic lethality mechanism, induced by CYT01B, mediated by DNA replication stress and replication catastrophe. Citation Format: Melinda Day, Amber Cyr, Tyler Maclay, Kevin Mills. CYT01B suppresses RAD51 focus formation and induces replication catastrophe following AID induced DNA damage [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 2566.
A Survey of the Practice of Regional Anaesthesia
Authors: R J Buist
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1990)

A questionnaire designed to elucidate the popularity and practice of regional anaesthesia was circulated to all anaesthetists in the South East Thames Region. Two hundred and eleven completed questionnaires were received and subsequently analysed, a response rate of 65%. Regional anaesthesia was employed at least once per week by 83% of respondents usually in combination with general anaesthesia (77% of respondents). The provision of postoperative analgesia was cited as the main advantage by 86% of anaesthetists.
Abstract 139: Deep Sequencing Identifies MicroRNA Let-7 Regulating Cardiomyocyte Apoptosis in a Porcine Model of Early Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Chen-Yun Chen, Patrick C Hsieh
Journal: Circulation Research (2017)

Myocardial infarction (MI) is a leading cause of mortality and heart failure worldwide. Several animal models have been utilized to mimic human MI. Porcine is considered one of the most representative models. Here, we take advantage of a porcine MI model and next-generation sequencing techniques to discover differential microRNA expression occurring in early MI. We found that microRNAs let-7a and let-7f were enriched in heart tissues and showed significant downregulation within 24 hours post-MI. Inhibition of let-7 by Tough Decoy (TuD) RNA in vivo enhanced cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Overexpression of let-7 downstream target GeneA activated p38 MAPK and led to cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Inhibition of p38 MAPK rescued GeneA induced activation of Caspase 3. We therefore hypothesized that downregulation of let-7 promotes cardiomyocyte death through GeneA and p38 MAPK signaling pathway. In support of this, overexpression of let-7 or inhibition of GeneA reduced p38 MAPK activity and rescued cell death induced by serum starvation in vitro . Finally, we confirmed that in pigs with acute MI, the plasma level of let-7 was significantly reduced and the plasma level of GeneA was significantly increased. This study identifies differential expression of microRNAs in early MI, uncovers the roles of let-7 and GeneA in cardiovascular diseases, and also provides potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for further investigation.