tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
FLUID BALANCE
Authors: P. Fourman
Journal: BMJ (1957)

ftrEDCA JRNm L and adrenal venous blood of dog, monkey, and man, and now accepted as the naturally occurring mineral corticoid.The word "cortisol" has crept into the literature, and I must admit to not realizing initially that this was identical with hydrocortisone, which is 17-hydroxycorticosterone, or Kendall's compound F. The chemist, but not every physi- cian who uses the term or suffix, knows that "-ol" denotes the substitution of a hydroxyl group for one of the hydrogen atoms attached to a carbon atom; and that "-ol," "-diol," "-triol," etc., give the number of occurrences of such substi- tutions, and that a further number indicates the carbon atom at which the substitution took place-all very elementary to the initiated, but valuable to the student and practitioner.From the dynamic functional angle, the chapter on the control of adrenocortical secretion, including corticotrophin, is admirable and informative.The adrenal-gonad relationship is analysed and unravelled with exceptional skill and knowledge.The clinical sections, such as those on Addison's disease and Simmonds's disease, are too brief to be of any great value, and the clinical findings and observations are not sufficiently integrated into the earlier sections dealing with the important problems of salt depletion, water deple-
Missing Corresponding Author Information and Error in Supplement Note
Authors: Falk Leichsenring, Christiane Steinert
Journal: JAMA (2018)

Beate Karges, MD; Anke Schwandt, MS; Bettina Heidtmann, MD; Olga Kordonouri, MD; Elisabeth Binder, MD; Ulrike Schierloh, MD; Claudia Boettcher, MD; Thomas Kapellen, MD; Joachim Rosenbauer, MD; Reinhard W. Holl, MD
Dysmorphology of cilia. Association with chronic suppurative respiratory disease
Authors: H. B. Neustein
Journal: JAMA (1979)

RECENTLY attention has been called to a small group of patients who were sterile, who had chronic lung disease, and whose sperm tails and respiratory tract cilia were abnormal when examined by electron microscopy.<sup>1,2</sup>Cilia showed an absence of dynein arms, which contain adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase), and thus account for the lack of movement of the cilia. This absence of dynein arms (ATPase) was considered to be hereditary.<sup>1</sup>Additional reports have noted abnormal cilia from the respiratory tracts of patients with several diseases of the lung.<sup>3,4</sup>These descriptions led us to examine mucosa of the respiratory tract in selected patients with chronic lung disease. In one such patient with normal immunologic function, a bizarre morphological condition of cilia was found. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> An 8-year-old boy had chronic suppurative respiratory disease, which had its onset at age 1 month. He also had chronic purulent otitis media
CARCINOMA DEVELOPING ON GASTRIC ULCER
Journal: JAMA (1921)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
BOTULISM
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Annual Meeting of the American Society of Preventive Oncology
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1984)

Journal Article Annual Meeting of the American Society of Preventive Oncology Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 73, Issue 6, December 1984, Page 1491, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/73.6.1491-d Published: 01 December 1984
Injury Mortality Among American Indian and Alaska Native Children and Youth--United States, 1989-1998
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Injuries account for 75% of all deaths among American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) children and youth, and AI/ANs have an overall injury-related death rate that is twice the U.S. rate for all racial/ethnic populations. However, rate disparities vary by area and by cause. To help focus prevention efforts, CDC analyzed injury mortality data by Indian Health Service (IHS) administrative area and by race/ethnicity. This report summarizes the results of these analyses, which indicate that although death rates for some causes (e.g. drowning and fire) have shown substantial improvement over time, rates for other causes have increased or remained unchanged (e.g., homicide and suicide, respectively). Prevention strategies should focus on the leading causes of injury-related death in each AI/AN community, such as motor-vehicle crashes, suicides, and violence.
Postgraduate Preceptorships
Authors: Robert C. Davidson
Journal: JAMA (1971)

Continuing education on a one-to-one basis in a wide range of medical fields is offered to practicing physicians by 75 specialists in a postgraduate preceptorship network involving 16 university-affiliated and community hospitals in Seattle, Spokane, Tacoma, and Yakima, Washington. Ninety-three individual preceptorships averaging five days in length have been completed in a continuing medical education project sponsored by the Washington/Alaska Regional Medical Program and the Division of Continuing Medical Education at the University of Washington School of Medicine. Experience indicates that the age-old informal learning method with a preceptor at a teaching institution retains a significant place among today's continuing education programs.
American liver foundation
Journal: Hepatology (2003)

Oral health is part of general health, and is recognized as an essential component of quality of life (QoL). For years, oral health was determined solely by the clinic, which did not allow an evaluation of the true impact of oral diseases on the patients' daily lives. The development of instruments for assessing QoL related to oral health has occurred due to the urgency of determining the effects of changes in the oral cavity of individuals. This study aims, through a bibliographical survey, to describe issues involving the relationship between QoL and oral health focusing on methodological and conceptual aspects as well as considering how oral health of adult individuals affects their QoL in a general way. Research in this area has developed the concept of "quality of life related to oral health", which comprises four categories: functional factors, psychological factors, social factors and existence of discomfort or pain. The negative impacts that poor oral health of the population have on their QoL makes this issue a relevant problem for public health. Although most oral problems do not represent an immediate risk of death, they are responsible for decreasing the QoL of individuals as they prolong states of pain and suffering, and cause functional, aesthetic, nutritional and psychological problems. Actions focused on health education with emphasis on self-perception, self-protection and self-care should be explored. Programs based on equity seeking to reduce inequalities and their negative effects on people's QoL should also be explored.
Intravenous antibiotic therapy in an outpatient setting
Authors: D. M. Poretz
Journal: JAMA (1982)

A program has been developed for the outpatient administration of parenteral antibiotics. To date, more than 150 patients with osteomyelitis, septic arthritis, pyelonephritis, endocarditis, and other infections have been treated. Antibiotic solutions were prepared in the hospital pharmacy and given to the patient to be kept refrigerated at home until used. Patients administered their own antibiotics by means of a heparin lock, which was replaced every four days or when necessary. Complications were infrequent. Many patients were able to return to work while receiving therapy; others enjoyed the comfort of being at home. Cost reductions were substantial, calculated to be at least $142 a day, or the charge for a semiprivate room in 1981. In addition to the cost savings, critically needed hospital beds were freed for more acutely ill patients. (<i>JAMA</i>1982;248:336-339)
Effect of a maternal health voucher scheme on out-of-pocket expenditure and use of delivery care services in rural Bangladesh: a prospective controlled study
Authors: Forhana R Noor, Noorunnabi M Talukder, Ubaidur Rob
Journal: The Lancet Global Health (2013)

BackgroundMost births in rural Bangladesh are done at home because of barriers to access to facility-based services. To address this issue, the Bangladeshi Government piloted a demand-side financing scheme (the maternal health voucher programme) at subdistrict public health facilities in rural areas. We assessed the effect of this intervention on use of delivery care services and out-of-pocket expenses.MethodsWe did a non-randomised, controlled study. We selected 22 subdistricts in Bangladesh with a probability proportional to their size: 11 intervention subdistricts took part in the demand-side financing programme and 11 control subdistricts did not. We selected 150 women from each subdistrict. From each subdistrict, three of nine unions and three villages from each union were selected through probability proportional to size and from each selected village we drew the required numbers of respondents through simple random sampling. We included women aged 18–49 years who had given birth in the previous 12 months. A baseline survey was done in 2010, and a follow-up survey was done in 2012, recording socioeconomic and demographic characteristics as well as service use and cost of services, collected with a structured questionnaire.Findings3300 women were surveyed (1650 in each group). Use of delivery services was 8% (126/1650) in 2010 versus 16% (263/1663) in 2012 in the intervention subdistricts and 8% (129/1650) versus 11% (178/1671) in control areas. Delivery at a public health facility in the intervention areas increased significantly compared with the control areas (p<0·0001) and the intervention contributed to some of the change (difference in differences 5·1%). Average out-of-pocket cost in intervention areas fell for both normal births (from US$40 to $22) and caesarean births (from $115 to $80). In control areas, average out-of-pocket cost decreased slightly for normal births (from $33 to $29), but increased for caesarean births (from $118 to $125).InterpretationTo sustain the trend of use, the maternal health voucher programme needs to continue to provide financial assistance to women who cannot afford to seek delivery care in health facilities.FundingBill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
$100M Africa Initiative Targets Childhood Cancer
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2017)

The Bristol-Myers Squibb Foundation have teamed up with Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers and Baylor College of Medicine on a $100 million initiative to improve pediatric cancer care in sub-Saharan Africa. Organizers are partnering with local governments to increase access to specialty care in countries where the mortality rate from cancer in children is as high as 90%.
The Interplay and Etiological Continuity of Neuroticism, Difficulties, and Life Events in the Etiology of Major and Subsyndromal, First and Recurrent Depressive Episodes in Later Life
Authors: J. Ormel
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2001)

OBJECTIVE: Stressful life events, long-term difficulties, and high neuroticism are established risk factors for depression. Less is known about their role in late-life depression, how they modify or mediate one another's effects, and whether this differs between major and subsyndromal, first and recurrent episodes. METHOD: The authors used a prospective case-control design nested in a community survey of elderly subjects that included a measure of neuroticism. They compared 83 survey participants who subsequently developed a depressive episode with 83 randomly selected comparison participants. The authors determined dates of onset, history, and severity of episodes and dates of occurrence and severity of stressful life events and difficulties. RESULTS: Stressful life events did not mediate the effects of high neuroticism and difficulties at onset, possibly because of the uncontrollable nature of common stressful life events in later life. Without both high neuroticism and difficulties, stressful life events did not increase risk. High neuroticism and difficulties increased risk, even without a stressful life event. In the presence of high neuroticism and/or difficulties, the depressogenic effect of stressful life events was substantial, suggesting effect modification. The authors found no evidence to suggest etiological discontinuity between major and subsyndromal episodes. First and recurrent episodes showed a discontinuous pattern of associations. Severe stressful life events had weaker associations, but high neuroticism and mild stressful life events had stronger associations with recurrent than with first episodes. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated the usefulness of a dynamic stress-vulnerability model for understanding late-life depression. Evidence was found suggesting etiological discontinuity between first and recurrent but not between major and subsyndromal episodes.
Vertebroplasty was not effective for painful osteoporotic vertebral fractures
Authors: Timothy S. Carey
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2009)

Source CitationBuchbinder R, Osborne RH, Ebeling PR, et al. A randomized trial of vertebroplasty for painful osteoporotic vertebral fractures. N Engl J Med. 2009;361:557-68. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19657121/
Book Review Injuries to Joints . By Sir Robert Jones, Bart., K.B.E., C.B., Ch.M. (Liverpool); F.R.C.S. (England, Ireland and Edinburgh); F.A.C.S. (U. S. A.); Emeritus president British Orthopaedic Association; president International Orthopaedic Association; consulting orthopaedic surgeon, Royal South Hospital, Royal Infirmary, Liverpool and St. Thomas's Hospital, London. Third Edition. Humphrey Milford, Oxford University Press, London, Edinburgh, etc. Price $2.00.
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1930)
Non-human Infection
Authors: R Caylal, S Forestier3, A De Mascarell, F Zerbibl, P Talbil, F M6graud2, M Joubert-Collin3, Dmm Queiroz, Rocha Ga, S Mendes, Amr Moura
Journal: Gut (1995)

H. pylori eradication rates (HPE) with dual therapy (DT) including a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) and amoxicillin (Amox) are ranging between 30 to 91%.The results seem to be better using high dose of PPI twice daily during 2 weeks.In a previous study, the triple therapy (TT) omeprazole-Amox-clarithromycin (Clari) had obtained an HPE rate up to 90%.The aim of this study was to compare, in an open randomized study, the HPE with a DT using high dose of lansoprazole (Lanso) and Amox versus a iT using Lanso-Amox and Clari in HP positive patients.Methods: HP infection was assessed by endoscopy at the inclusion and 4 weeks after the end of the treatment on antral and fundic biopsies by 4 different methods: rapid urease test (at the inclusion), histology, culture and PCR.Clari resistance was defined by resistance contact with an agar diffusion method.HP positive patients were randomly allocated to receive either: 1/ Lanso 30mg bid and Amox ig bid (LA group) or 2/ the same regimen in association with Clari 0.5g bid (LAC group) for 2 weeks.Patients with duodenal ulcer (DU) took Lanso 30mg/day until day 28.HPE was defined by the negativity of all the diagnostic methods.Results: 50 patients (33 male, mean age 38.7 years old, 25 with DU) were included. 5patients were excluded: 3 were lost to follow-up and 2 were non compliant (< 60% of the prescribed treatment). 45patients were evaluable.HP was eradicated in 9 out of 24 patients (37.5%, 95%CI: 18.1-56.9%)in the LA group and in 20 out of 21 patients (95.2%, 9s%CI: 86.1-100%) in the LAC group (p<0.0001).In the LAC group, the patient without HPE had a pre-treatment strain resistant to Clai (n=1/21-4.8%).Side effects were minor without discontinuation of the treatment and significantly more frequent in the LAC group (n=12/23 - 52.2%-with metallic taste n=6, diarrhea n=5, moniliasis n=l) than in the LA group (n=3/24 -12.5%-with diarrhea n=2, headache n=l, p<0.01).Conclusions: 1/Triple therapy with Lanso-Amox-Clari can eradicate H. pylori up to 95% and is highly significantly more effective than dual therapy with Lanso-Amox 2/ The HPE with DT is low despite the high dosage of Lanso used 3/ Side effects are greater in the Ti group but are minor without decrease of efficacy.
Thiotimoline revisited
Authors: J. Croall
Journal: BMJ (1989)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <h3>Background</h3> Single-cell histone post translation modification (scHPTM) assays such as scCUT&amp;Tag or scChIP-seq allow single-cell mapping of diverse epigenomic landscapes within complex tissues, and are likely to unlock our understanding of various epigenetic mechanisms involved in development or diseases. Running an scHTPM experiment and analyzing the data produced remains, however, a challenging task since few consensus guidelines exist currently regarding good practices for experimental design and data analysis pipelines. <h3>Methods</h3> We perform a computational benchmark to assess the impact of experimental parameters and of the data analysis pipeline on the ability of the cell representation produced to recapitulate known biological similarities. We run more than ten thousands experiments to systematically study the impact of coverage and number of cells, of the count matrix construction method, of feature selection and normalization, and of the dimension reduction algorithm used. <h3>Results</h3> The analysis of the benchmark results allows us to identify key experimental parameters and computational choices to obtain a good representation of single-cell HPTM data. We show in particular that the count matrix construction step has a strong influence on the quality of the representation, and that using fixed-size bin counts outperforms annotation-based binning; that dimension reduction methods based on latent semantic indexing outperform others; and that feature selection is detrimental, while keeping only high-quality cells has little influence on the final representation as long as enough cells are analyzed.
Acupuncture for hot flashes in prostate cancer patients
Authors: M. Hayes, N. M. Katovic, D. Donovan, S. Emmons, M. Benavides, M. Montalto, C. W. Ryan, G. Liu, T. M. Beer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

8160 Background: Hot flashes are a common adverse effect of hormonal therapy for prostate cancer. We sought to determine the effect of acupuncture on hot flash frequency and intensity, quality of life, and sleep quality. Methods: Men who had a hot flash score (HFS) (J Clin Oncol 19: 4280–90, 2001) > 4 while on androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancer were treated with acupuncture with electrostimulation twice weekly for 4 weeks and once per week for an additional 6 weeks and reevaluated 6 weeks after acupuncture was completed. The treatment plan included the following points: bilateral Gallbladder 34, Bladder 15, 23, and 32 and unilateral Governing vessel 20, Heart 7, Pericardium 6, Liver 2, and Spleen 6. Continuous low intensity electrostimulation at 2 Hz was used to connect Bladder 23 inferiorly to Bladder 32. Needles were retained for 30 minutes with manual stimulation at 10-minute intervals. The primary endpoint was a 50% reduction in HFS after 4 weeks of therapy. A 50% reduction in HFS at other time points as well as changes in the Hot Flash Related Daily Interference Scale (HFRDIS) (J Pain Symptom Manage 22:979–89, 2001) were also assessed. Results: Ten men were enrolled between 9/2003 and 9/2004. Week 4 data is available for all 10, and week 10 and 16 data are available for 7 patients. 7 of 10 patients (70%, 95% CI 35% to 93%) experienced at least a 50% reduction in HFS at any time. Four of these patients met criteria by week 4, while additional responders were noted at weeks 7 and 16. For the entire group, mean HFS decreased from 11.7 to 6.7 after 4 weeks of treatment (p=0.0018). For the entire group, the overall mean HFDIS score (scale 0 to 100, lower score indicates better QOL) was 42.6 at baseline and 33 after four weeks of treatment (p=0.11). In the seven patients who completed therapy and follow-up, the HFRDIS decreased from 44.7 to 37.6 at 4 weeks, to 25.8 at 10 weeks, and to 34.3 at 16 weeks (p=0.013). Conclusions: In this preliminary analysis, acupuncture therapy reduced frequency and intensity of hot flashes and resulted in a reduction in the adverse impact of hot flashes on quality of life. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
The Late Thomas Poyser
Journal: BMJ (1860)

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