tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Post-traumatic stress disorder
Authors: R. V. Reed, M. Fazel, L. Goldring
Journal: BMJ (2012)

A 37 year old woman presented to her general practitioner with a two month history of low mood, poor sleep, and irritability. She was initially treated for depression with sertraline. Her mood improved slightly over six weeks, but, because of continued insomnia and irritability, her medication was changed to citalopram, with no further improvement. Through regular review and the building of a trusting relationship with her doctor, the patient felt able to disclose that she was experiencing intrusive images of past domestic violence. She was diagnosed with post-traumatic stress disorder and referred for trauma-focused cognitive behavioural therapy; over 15 sessions, this led to a substantial reduction in her symptoms. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a severe, prolonged, and impairing psychological reaction to a distressing event. The precipitating incident must be “exceptionally threatening or catastrophic”1 and can range from interpersonal violence and combat to accidents and natural disasters; sexual violence is a particularly potent cause.2 Serious illnesses or medical interventions can also precipitate PTSD if the individual perceived their own or someone else’s health or life to be under threat. The individual repeatedly relives the event through intrusive imagery, bodily re-experiencing, nightmares, and flashbacks. Irritability, insomnia, and other symptoms related to increased arousal also occur. Sufferers usually have difficulty remembering aspects of the event and avoid reminders of it (see box of diagnostic criteria). Children may act out the traumatic event through repetitive play, drawings, and stories, and have frightening dreams without recognisable content.3 Adolescents with PTSD can show aggressive or withdrawn behaviour and can find it difficult to relate to their peers. #### Diagnostic criteria for post-traumatic stress disorder (ICD-10 (international classification of diseases, 10th revision) classification of mental and behavioural disorders1)
14. Management of Diabetes in Pregnancy:<i>Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2021</i>
Journal: Diabetes Care (2020)

The American Diabetes Association (ADA) “Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes” includes the ADA's current clinical practice recommendations and is intended to provide the components of diabetes care, general treatment goals and guidelines, and tools to evaluate quality of care. Members of the ADA Professional Practice Committee, a multidisciplinary expert committee (https://doi.org/10.2337/dc21-SPPC), are responsible for updating the Standards of Care annually, or more frequently as warranted. For a detailed description of ADA standards, statements, and reports, as well as the evidence-grading system for ADA's clinical practice recommendations, please refer to the Standards of Care Introduction (https://doi.org/10.2337/dc21-SINT). Readers who wish to comment on the Standards of Care are invited to do so at professional.diabetes.org/SOC.
A more perfect union
Authors: Gayatri Vedantam, V K Viswanathan
Journal: Gut Microbes (2011)

As long as there have been couples, people have wondered how their own relationships compare with those of others. Since you can read about Brad Pitt and Angelina Jolie elsewhere, this article will restrict itself to something far more interesting – the relationship between the Pea Aphid (Fig. 1), Acyrthosiphon pisum, and its bacterial symbiont, Buchneria aphidicola. This is a partnership for life and beyond, an obligate mutualistic association that may offer interesting ideas on how we can spice up our own relationships with our microbiota.
Supraventricular tachycardia. II.
Journal: BMJ (1971)

which may lead to perforation.The condition will frequently recover with treatment by intravenous drip and gastric aspira- tion combined with systemic antibiotics; laparotomy is indi- cated if there are signs of perforation.ANAEMIA Pre-term babies very commonly develop a normochromic anaemia, with the haemoglobin falling as low as 7-8 g/100 mnl.around 4-6 weeks after birth, then slowly rising.Transfusion is rarely required.Iron supplements may be given from the age of 2 weeks and are absorbed satisfactorily.They make little difference to this early "anaemia of prematurity" but may prevent the baby becoming anaemic later in the first year.
Is the smoking decision an 'informed choice'? Effect of smoking risk factors on smoking beliefs
Authors: H. Leventhal
Journal: JAMA (1987)

The argument that people freely choose to smoke assumes that individuals at the point of initiation of smoking (often in adolescence) hold accurate beliefs about smoking. Smoking beliefs and the presence of known smoking risk factors were assessed in interviews with a sample of 895 urban young people. The respondents greatly overestimated the prevalence of adult and peer smoking, negative attitudes of their peers were greatly underestimated, a large proportion believed that they would be less likely than other people to contract a smoking-related illness if they became smokers, and there was a general lack of understanding of the adverse consequences experienced upon smoking cessation. These misperceptions were more common among youngsters who were smokers, who intended to smoke, or who had friends or family members who smoked. Because misinformation among young people is widespread and those at greatest risk for smoking are the most misinformed, the tobacco industry's argument that the decision to smoke reflects an "informed choice" is without merit. (<i>JAMA</i>1987;257:3373-3376)
Announcements
Authors: Oliver Bögler, Mitchel Berger, David Gutmann
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (1999)

Several positions are available to investigate the molecular biology and genetics of nervous system tumors.My laboratory is actively studying tumor suppressor gene and oncogene products important in regulating astrocyte and Schwann cell growth relevant to the molecular pathogenesis of brain tumors (astrocytomas) and schwannomas.Several projects are ongoing including (1) development of preclinical mouse models for human brain tumors; (2) determining how small GTPase protein (ras and rap1) signaling regulates astrocyte proliferation; (3) dissecting the function of the neurofibromatosis 2 tumor suppressor gene as a modulator of Schwann and meningeal cell growth and motility; and (4) defining new functions for tumor suppressor genes in postmitotic neurons.Trainees will gain a wide exposure to biochemical, cell biological, and transgenic mouse modeling approaches.
Report of the Joint Committee on Reporting Cancer End Results&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1"&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/xref&gt;
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1953)

Journal Article Report of the Joint Committee on Reporting Cancer End Results Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 13, Issue 5, April 1953, Pages 1393–1397, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/13.5.1393 Published: 01 April 1953
Erratum: Patient-centered Outcomes Research in Interstitial Lung Disease: An Official American Thoracic Society Research Statement
Authors: Priya Borker, Emely Carmona, B Utibe, R Essien, Jana Gul, M Saeed, Jessie Bakker, J Christy, S Mark, Respironics Philips, Pennsylvania Monroeville, R Sanjay
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2021)
Biweekly administration of irinotecan (CPT-11), oxaliplatin (OX) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) as first-line treatment of advanced or metastatic colorectal cancer (MCRC)
Authors: J. J. Reina, P. Sánchez-Rovira, R. Bernabé, M. Bolaños, E. González, J. Belón, M. J. Gómez-Reina, P. Gallurt, J. A. Moreno-Nogueira
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

3561 Background: Triple combination chemotherapy of CPT-11, OX, and 5-FU has been shown to be active and safe in MCRC. We design the present study based on the assumption that the biweekly administration of the three agents could improve the safety profile of this schedule. Secondary objectives were to determine ORR, TTP and OS achieved. Methods: Patients with histological confirmation of MCRC, measurable disease, ECOG PS ≤ 2 and adequate bone marrow, renal and hepatic functions were included. Previous adjuvant chemotherapy was allowed if finished at least 6 months before starting study treatment. Patients received OX (85 mg/m2, iv, D1) followed by CPT-11 (150 mg/m2, iv, D1) and 5-FU (1000 mg/m2/day, ci, D1–4). Cycles were repeated every 2 weeks until progressive disease, excessive toxicity or consent withdrawal. Results: Fifty patients were enrolled (M/F, 34/16), median age 60 (30–74) and 94% had ECOG 0–1 PS. Primary tumour sites were colon (64%), rectum (34%) or both (2%). Median number of metastatic lesion sites was 1 (29% with ≥2 sites), mainly located in liver (73%), lung (27%) and lymph nodes (10%). 14% of patients received previous adjuvant chemotherapy. A total of 385 cycles (median 8, range 1–16) were administered. Median RDI was 86%, 86% and 84% for OX, CPT-11 and 5-FU, respectively. All patients were evaluable for toxicity. Main grade 3/4 toxicity per cycle was neutropenia (5%), diarrhoea (5%), stomatitis (4%), asthenia/fatigue (4%) and nausea/vomiting (3%). Febrile neutropenia was observed in 1 patient and in 1 cycle. There was 1 treatment related death due to a septic shock after the first cycle. Efficacy: In 43 evaluable patients, 9 achieved CR, 22 PR, 8 SD and 4 PD, resulting in an ORR of 72% (95% CI: 59–86) and a tumour growth control (RR + SD) of 91%. With a median follow-up of 12.8 months, TTP and OS were 11.3 months (95% CI: 8.2–13.9) and 18.4 months (95% CI: 14.9–26.9), respectively. Conclusions: Biweekly administration of OX, CPT-11 5-FU is an active regimen with a manageable toxicity profile as first-line treatment in patients with advanced or metastatic CRC. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Corrected Disclosures Statement
Authors: Nina Sanford, Brandon Mahal
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2019)

Melissa K. Accordino, MD; Jason D. Wright, MD; Sowmya Vasan, MS; Donna L. Buono, MS; Jim C. Hu, MD, MPH; Alfred I. Neugut, MD, PhD; Dawn L. Hershman, MD, MS
Assaying Potential Carcinogens with Drosophila
Authors: F. H. Sobels, E. Vogel
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1976)

Drosophila offers many advantages for the detection of mutagenic activity of carcinogenic agents. It provides the quickest assay system for detecting mutations in animals today. Its generation time is short, and Drosophila is cheap and easy to breed in large numbers. The simple genetic testing methods give unequivocal answers about the whole spectrum of relevant genetic damage. A comparison of the detection capacity of assays sampling different kinds of genetic damage revealed that various substances are highly effective in inducing mutations but do not produce chromosome breakage effects at all, or only at much higher concentrations than those required for mutation induction. Of the different assay systems available, the classical sex-linked recessive lethal test deserves priority, in view of its superior capacity to detect mutagens. Of practical importance is also its high sensitivity, because a large number of loci in one fifth of the genome is tested for newly induced forward mutations, including small deletions. The recent findings that Drosophila is capable of carrying out the same metabolic activation reactions as the mammalian liver makes the organism eminently suitable for verifying results obtained in prescreening with fast microbial assay systems. An additional advantage in this respect is the capacity of Drosophila for detecting short-lived activation products, because intracellular metabolic activation appears to occur within the spermatids and spermatocytes.
A withdrawn prepublication
Authors: Sabine Kleinert
Journal: The Lancet (2007)

In its meeting of December, 2006, the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) discussed The Lancet's decision to publish Peter Gøtzsche's account of his experience with the European Journal of Cancer.1Gøtzsche PC Mæhlen J Zahl PH What is publication?.Lancet. 2006; 368: 1854-1856Summary Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (11) Google Scholar COPE concluded that The Lancet was correct to bring this case into the public domain and noted, like the International Committee of Medical Editors,2International Committee of Medical Journal EditorsUniform requirements for manuscripts submitted to biomedical journals: writing and editing for biomedical publication.http://www.icmje.org/Google Scholar that published work—electronically or otherwise—should not be removed without appropriate correction or retraction.3Committee on Publication EthicsA code of conduct for editors of biomedical journals.http://www.publicationethics.org.uk/guidelines/codeGoogle Scholar Retraction or removal is a very serious matter for authors and their institutions and should not happen without due process, which COPE judged was lacking in this case.
Encore
Authors: None Gemaennes
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1990)

Encore ArachnoiditisThe use of some forms of radio-opaque media when carrying out myelography is alleged to cause arachnoiditis in some people.What does this mean in the long term?Sadly, some patients get continuing pain and the late onset of urinary symptoms, and the average lifespan seems to be significantly reduced.It is just as well perhaps that this investigation is now performed less often, having been largely superseded by less toxic investigations.
BISMUTH SUBNITRATE IN HYPERTENSION
Journal: JAMA (1934)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
BOOK REVIEWS
Authors: C. M. KING
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1989)

Journal Article BOOK REVIEWS Get access Carcinogenesis and Aging, Vol. I and Vol. II. Vladimir N. Anisimov, ed. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 1987, 168 pp. (vol.I) and 146 pp. (vol. II). $220.00 (U.S.) and $250.00 (foreign) CHARLES M. KING CHARLES M. KING Department of Chemical Carcinogenesis, Michigan Cancer Foundation110 E. Warren Ave. Detroit, MI 48201 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 81, Issue 5, 1 March 1989, Page 375, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/81.5.375 Published: 01 March 1989
Indian Harbor Sunset
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
THE SPECTRUM OF HISTOPLASMOSIS
Journal: JAMA (1962)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Motion Sickness: Search For Patterns
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Summertime cluster of intentional ethylene glycol ingestions
Authors: J. B. Leikin
Journal: JAMA (1997)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Ethylene glycol, as an inexpensive, easily obtainable, sweet-tasting liquid with inebriating effects, can be an attractive agent to the adolescent or younger adult, either for the purpose of its intoxicating effect or as a suicidal agent. In addition, the combination of its potency (lethal dose of about 1.5 mL/kg)<sup>1</sup>along with delayed metabolic effects may make this substance a difficult toxin to diagnose and treat. We describe a cluster of intentional ethylene glycol ingestions occurring over a 3-month period during the summer in the northeastern Illinois area. Twenty-two consecutive patients with intentional ethylene glycol ingestions that were reported to the Illinois Poison Center from May through August 1996 were analyzed. Epidemiologic data consisting of age, sex, serum chemistry values, ethylene glycol levels, and outcome were collected. Follow-up was obtained in all cases within 48 hours of the initial report of the ingestion. Statistical analysis was performed
Ventricular myxoma associated with cerebral embolism
Authors: M. M. Mandel
Journal: JAMA (1970)

Cardiac tumor emboli to the brain are rare. Previously reported cases have all been associated with myxoma of the left atrium, and, to our knowledge, an embolus associated with a myxoma of the ventricle has not been previously reported. The patient had two episodes of recurrent hemiplegia following periods of excessive exertion. Carotid angiography demonstrated a complete occlusion of the left middle cerebral artery. Echocardiography also proved valuable in diagnosis. Microscopic examination of this vessel revealed the lesion to be a myxoma which had originated from a myxoma of the apex of the left ventricle. This etiologic factor should be considered in the occurrence of cerebrovascular occlusive disease in the young adult.
Epidemiologic Problems Associated with Exposure to Several Agents
Authors: Richard J. Waxweiler
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1981)

Simultaneous exposure to many potentially hazardous agents in the environment is the rule, yet there have been few studies that have addressed the issue of interactions of these agents in modifying disease outcomes, even though such interactions may potentially be important in terms of policy-making. Epidemiological methods may be an important way to identify interaction effects, especially for chronic disease outcomes. Some examples of epidemiologic investigations of this problem are given, and a matrix method used to evaluate the contribution of nineteen chemicals to the risk of liver angiosarcoma in vinyl chloride workers is discussed.
Scombroid Fish Poisoning
Authors: Michael H. Merson
Journal: JAMA (1974)

In February 1973, scombroid fish poisoning occurred in 232 persons who had eaten from either of two lots of commercially canned tuna. Cases occurred in four states, with no reported hospitalizations or deaths. Patients became ill about 45 minutes after eating the fish; symptoms lasted about eight hours. Contaminated fish contained histamine levels of 68 to 280 mg/100 gm of fish muscle. (<i>JAMA</i>228:1268-1269, 1974)
342 TELOMERASE-DEPENDENT CONDITIONALLY REPLICATING ADENOVIRUS (HTERT-AD) EXPRESSING CAREX-PTDS DISPLAYS ENHANCED ONCOLYTIC PROPERTIES IN NONPERMISSIVE TUMORS
Authors: K. Ohnhaeuser, N. Woller, E. Guerlevik, M.P. Manns, S. Kubicka, F. Kuehnel
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2008)
A 76-year-old man with a five-day history of painful swelling of the right hand
Authors: J. M. Aronchick
Journal: JAMA (1983)

<h3>History</h3> A 76-year-old man had a five-day history of painful swelling of the right hand. During the past four years, he had had similar episodes responding to short-term indomethacin (Indocin) therapy. On admission, his temperature was 37.9 °C. His right hand was swollen, erythematous, and tender, with pitting edema of the dorsum of the hand and sausage-shaped digits. The right elbow demonstrated decreased motion, with tenderness and erythema around the lateral epicondyle. (The results of relevant laboratory studies are withheld.) Radiological studies of the right hand and wrist were obtained (Figs 1 and 2). These demonstrated periarticular calcifications around the second, third, and fourth metacarpophalangeal joints, linear calcification between the radius and scaphoid and radius and lunate, and dense punctate calcification in the triangular fibrocartilage (between the ulnar styloid process and the distal radioulnar articulation) (Fig 1). The right elbow showed periarticular calcification and calcification in the hyaline cartilage of