tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
ILEUS.
Journal: JAMA (1889)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Environmental Contaminant DDE Fails to Influence the Outcome of Sexual Differentiation in the Marine Turtle Chelonia mydas
Authors: Suzana Podreka, Arthur Georges, Bill Maher, Colin J. Limpus
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1998)

In many turtles, the temperature experienced during the middle of egg incubation determines the sex of the offspring. The implication of steroid sex hormones as the proximate trigger for sex determination opens the possibility that endocrine-disrupting contaminants may also influence the outcome of sexual differentiation. In this study we investigate the potential effects of DDE (a common DDT metabolite) on sexual differentiation of Chelonia mydas (green sea turtle). Four clutches of eggs collected from Heron Island, Queensland, Australia, were treated with DDE at the beginning of the thermosensitive period for sexual determination. An incubation temperature of 28 degrees C or less produces male hatchlings in this species, whereas 30 degrees C or more produces female hatchlings. Dosed eggs were consequently incubated at two temperatures (27.6 degrees C and 30.4 degrees C) on the upper and lower boundaries of the sex determination threshold for this species. DDE, ranging from 3.3 to 66.5 microg, was dissolved in 5, 10, and 25 microl ethanol and applied to eggshells above the embryo. Less than 2.5 ng/g DDE was present in eggs prior to dosing. Approximately 34% of the applied DDE was absorbed in the eggs, but only approximately 8% of applied DDE was found in embryos. Thus, treated eggs, corrected for background DDE, had up to 543 ng/g DDE. The sex ratio at these doses did not differ from what would be expected on consideration of temperature alone. Incubation time, hatching success, incidence of body deformities, hatching size, and weight were also within the limits of healthy developed hatchlings. This indicates that the eggs of C. mydas in the wild with concentrations of DDE less than 543 ng/g should produce hatchlings with relatively high hatching success, survival rate, and normally differentiated gonads.
Abstract 15179: Prediction of Fluid Responsiveness Using Pressure Record Analytical Method in Infants After Cardiopulmonary Bypass
Authors: Jia Li, Ding Han, Yi Luo, Jun Ma, Ya G Liu, Qing Y Jia, Chuan Ou-Yang
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: Volume expansion therapy is considered the first-line treatment in infants after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), but excessive volume is harmful. Pulse pressure variance (PPV) is derived from analysis of the arterial waveform and based on lung-heart interaction during mechanical ventilation. It has been used to guide volume treatment mostly in closed chest patients. The degree of lung compression might be different in different body position, potentially affecting heart-lung interaction. Hypothesis: PPV by pressure record analytical method (PRAM) could predict fluid responsiveness in infants after CPB in open chest conditions with supine or left lateral decubitus. Methods: Infants during CPB for ventricular septal defect repair with supine decubitus (n=24) and left lateral decubitus (n=29) were enrolled. After CPB, mechanical ventilation was set with tidal volume 10 ml/kg. 5% albumin or blood plasma routinely was given (150 ml/min) over 15 minutes. PPV was recorded using PRAM along with heart rate (HR), dicrotic pressure (DicP), stroke volume index (SVI), cardiac index (CI) and cardiac cycle efficiency (CCE) before and after loading changes. Patients were considered as responders to fluid loading when CI increased ≥15%. Results: In children with supine decubitus, 12 were responders and 14 non-responders. PPV in responders was higher than that in non-responders (25.7±6.4% vs. 16.6±5.0%, P&lt;0.05). Area under the curve (AUC) was 0.85 and cutoff value 19% with a sensitivity of 92% and a specificity of 64%. In children with left lateral decubitus, 16 were responders) and 13 non-responders. PPV in responders were higher than that in non-responders (25.0±6.8% vs. 18.2±5.3%, P&lt;0.05), AUC was 0.83 and cutoff value 18% with a sensitivity of 88% and a specificity of 70%. Responders in both groups had increased DicP, SVI, CI and CCE after fluid loading (P&lt;0.05). Conclusions: PPV by PRAM can predict fluid responsiveness in infants immediately after CPB in open chest conditions both with supine and left lateral decubitus.
Association between Chlorination of Drinking Water and Adverse Pregnancy Outcome in Taiwan
Authors: Chun-Yuh Yang, Bi-Hua Cheng, Shang-Shyue Tsai, Trong-Neng Wu, Meng-Chiao Lin, Kuo-Cherng Lin
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2000)

Chlorination has been the major means of disinfecting drinking water in Taiwan. The use of chlorinated water has been hypothesized to lead to several adverse birth outcomes, including low birth weight and preterm delivery. We performed a study to examine the relationship between the use of chlorinated water and adverse birth outcomes in Taiwan. The study areas included 14 chlorinating municipalities (CHMs), which were defined as municipalities in which > 90% of the municipal population was served by chlorinated water, and 14 matched nonchlorinating municipalities (NCHMs), defined as municipalities in which < 5% of the municipal population is served by chlorinated water. The CHMs and NCHMs were similar to one another in terms of level of urbanization and sociodemographic characteristics. The study population comprised 18,025 women residing in the 28 municipalities who had a first parity singleton birth between 1 January 1994 and 31 December 1996 and for which complete information on maternal age, education, gestational age, birth weight, and sex of the baby were available. The results of our study suggest that there was no association between consumption of chlorinated drinking water and the risk of low birth weight.
Nalidixic Acid
Authors: Ross R. Bailey
Journal: JAMA (1977)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I was most interested in the article by Stamey and Bragonje entitled "Resistance to Nalidixic Acid: A Misconception Due to Underdosage" (236:1857, 1976). Like them, I have been impressed by the low development of resistant Enterobacteriaceae in patients having received treatment with nalidixic acid. However, in my experience, the number of side effects suffered by patients taking nalidixic acid in a total dosage of 4 g/day is extremely high.<sup>1,2</sup>In addition, there is poor patient compliance when any drug is prescribed in a four-times-daily regimen. In this and other countries, the problem with side effects has been the reason for the relative unpopularity of nalidixic acid, both with medical practitioners and their patients. I have therefore been advising a dosage of 0.5 g three times daily for five days for patients with uncomplicated urinary tract infections.<sup>3</sup>The cure rate (sterile urine one week after finishing
Reproduction in hemophilia
Authors: R. B. Francis
Journal: JAMA (1983)

Reproduction rates in 294 men with severe hemophilia, 327 of their mothers, and 215 of their sisters were compared with Vital Statistics data for the general US population matched for exact age, calendar year between 1940 and 1977, and, for women, parity. Before 1950, reproduction rates in hemophiliacs and in mothers did not differ from those of the general population, but thereafter the rates fell notably. Births to sisters who were para 0 were lower than expected beginning in 1965, but births to sisters who had had one or more nonhemophiliac children were similar to those expected of the general population. The decline in fecundity may be caused by greater availability of genetic counseling and birth control measures and by social changes. Many prospective parents would welcome the opportunity to have unafflicted children but refuse selective abortion. Preconception gender selection would be appropriate for this sex-linked disorder. (<i>JAMA</i>1983;250:3192-3195)
HLA class I antigen expression as a measure of response to antiviral therapy of chronic hepatitis B
Authors: R Paul
Journal: Hepatology (1991)

HLA class I antigen expression on peripheral blood mononuclear cells was evaluated by flow cytometry in 21 HBeAg-positive patients with chronic hepatitis B. Measurements were made before, during or after treatment with recombinant interferon-α-2b, either given alone or after a 6 wk course of prednisone. Immunohistochemical staining for human leukocyte class I antigen was also evaluated in 28 percutaneous liver biopsy specimens either obtained before or after therapy (N = 27) and during therapy in one instance. The amount of HLA class I antigen on peripheral blood mononuclear cells varied markedly among individual patients, but the overall results indicated that the level of inducible antigen did not correlate with increments of ALT during therapy or with a virological response to therapy. Hepatocyte staining for HLA class I antigen was observed in a minority of biopsy specimens (29%) and also did not appear to predict a response or correlate with the severity of histological disease. These data do not support current theories concerning pathogenetic mechanisms in chronic hepatitis B nor do they suggest that spontaneous display of HLA class I antigen on hepatocytes or interferon-induced expression of these antigens on peripheral blood mononuclear cells is a critical determinant for a response to therapy. (HEPATOLOGY 1991;13:820–825.)
Monitoring Human Exposure to Urban Air Pollutants
Authors: R. Barale, I. Barrai, I. Sbrana, L. Migliore, A. Marrazzini, V. Scarcelli, E. Bacci, A. Di Sibio, A. Tessa, L. Cocchi, V. Lubrano, C. Vassalle, J. He
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1993)

A multidisciplinary study on a general population exposed to vehicle exhaust was undertaken in Pisa in 1991.Environmental factors such as air pollution and those associated with lifestyle were studied.Meanwhile, biological and medical indicators of health condition were investigated.Chromosomal aberrations, sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs), and micronuclei in lymphocytes were included for the assessment of the genotoxic risk.Because of the large number (3800) of subjects being investigated, standardization of protocols was compulsory.The results on data reproducibility are reported.To assess the reliability of the protocol on a large scale, the population of Porto Tolle, a village located in northeast Italy, was studied and compared to a subset of the Pisa population.Preliminary results showed that probable differences between the two populations and invididuals were present in terms of SCE frequencies.The study was potentially able to detect the effects of several factors such as age, smoking, genetics, and environment.The in vitro treatment of lymphocytes with diepoxybutane confirmed the presence of more responsive individuals and permitted us to investigate the genetic predisposition to genetic damage.The possible influence of environmental factors was studied by correlation analyses with external exposure to air pollutants as well as with several lifestyle factors.
Fatal varicella in a child with congenital heart disease
Authors: T. P. Foley
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Clinically and pathologically confirmed primary varicella pneumonia and generalized varicella associated with asymptomatic congenital heart disease (coarctation of the aorta, patent ductus arteriosus, and mitral stenosis) occurred in a 4-year-old girl. The patient had not been treated with adrenal cortical hormones or immunosuppressive drugs.
To Nitpick
Authors: Ajay Kailas
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
Erratum to: Estimating the population abundance of tissue-infiltrating immune and stromal cell populations using gene expression
Authors: Etienne Becht, Nicolas A. Giraldo, Laetitia Lacroix, Bénédicte Buttard, Nabila Elarouci, Florent Petitprez, Janick Selves, Pierre Laurent-Puig, Catherine Sautès-Fridman, Wolf H. Fridman, Aurélien de Reyniès
Journal: Genome biology (2016)
DNA Mechanics
Authors: Craig J. Benham, Steven P. Mielke
Journal: Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering (2005)

▪ Abstract We review the history of DNA mechanics and its analysis. We evaluate several methods to analyze the structures of superhelical DNA molecules, each predicated on the assumption that DNA can be modeled with reasonable accuracy as an extended, linearly elastic polymer. Three main approaches are considered: mechanical equilibrium methods, which seek to compute minimum energy conformations of topologically constrained molecules; statistical mechanical methods, which seek to compute the Boltzmann distribution of equilibrium conformations that arise in a finite temperature environment; and dynamic methods, which seek to compute deterministic trajectories of the helix axis by solving equations of motion. When these methods include forces of self-contact, which prevent strand passage and preserve the topological constraint, each predicts plectonemically interwound structures. On the other hand, the extent to which these mechanical methods reliably predict energetic and thermodynamic properties of superhelical molecules is limited, in part because of their inability to account explicitly for interactions involving solvent. Monte Carlo methods predict the entropy associated with supercoiling to be negative, in conflict with a body of experimental evidence that finds it is large and positive, as would be the case if superhelical deformations significantly disrupt the ordering of ambient solvent molecules. This suggests that the large-scale conformational properties predicted by elastomechanical models are not the only ones determining the energetics and thermodynamics of supercoiling. Moreover, because all such models that preserve the topological constraint correctly predict plectonemic interwinding, despite these and other limitations, this constraint evidently dominates energetic and thermodynamic factors in determining supercoil geometry. Therefore, agreement between predicted structures and structures obtained experimentally, for example, by electron microscopy, does not in itself provide evidence for the correctness or completeness of any given model of DNA mechanics.
Biopsie hépatique guidée par échoendoscopie à l'aide d'une aiguille histologique de 22 gauges: une étude prospective
Journal: Endoscopy (2019)

La possibilité de réaliser une biopsie hépatique lors d’une échoendoscopie pour exploration bilio-pancréatique est séduisante, l’ensemble de la procédure se faisant en un temps. Les études publiées jusqu’alors étaient réalisées avec une aiguille de 19 gauges d'aspiration avec une performance diagnostique de 93,3 % et une morbidité de 2,3 %.
Bismuth nephropathy
Authors: R. Urizar
Journal: JAMA (1966)

ACCIDENTAL poisoning is a major health hazard and a major cause of mortality among children. Although we are frequently reminded of the increasing complexity of our environment and the growing list of toxic materials available to children for ingestion, few physicians are aware that bismuth salts continue to be marketed and remain among the uncommon yet important causes of poisoning. In the last 45 years there have been numerous reports<sup>1-12</sup>of toxic effects of bismuth which was once a widely used drug in the treatment of syphilis.<sup>13</sup>One of the several current forms of bismuth, bismuth sodium triglycollamate (Bistrimate), is marketed as an oral therapy for the verruca vulgaris, the common wart, and other dermatoses. Several current textbooks of dermatology recommend this therapy even though there is evidence that bismuth is ineffective as therapy for verrucae.<sup>14</sup>Since the drug is available, is prescribed, and is thus a
Using a Pregnancy-Related Hormone, Relaxin, to Treat Scleroderma
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2000)

Summaries for Patients6 June 2000Using a Pregnancy-Related Hormone, Relaxin, to Treat SclerodermaSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-132-11-200006060-00034 SectionsAboutFull Text ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail What is the problem and what is known about it so far?Scleroderma is a disease of unknown cause that produces fibrosis (hardening or scarring) of the connective tissue in the skin, blood vessels, and internal organs. This results in a tight, shiny appearance of the skin and potentially life-threatening abnormalities of the lungs, heart, kidneys, and digestive tract. Scleroderma can be mild or severe and there is no current effective treatment. Relaxin is a pregnancy-related hormone that blocks the development of fibrous tissue, so some experts suspect it might be useful in treating diseases, such as scleroderma, where fibrosis ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: The summary below is from the full report titled “Recombinant Human Relaxin in the Treatment of Scleroderma. A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.” It is in the 6 June 2000 issue of Annals of Internal Medicine (volume 132, pages 871-879). The authors are J.R. Seibold, J.H. Korn, R. Simms, P.J. Clements, L.W. Moreland, M.D. Mayes, D.E. Furst, N. Rothfield, V. Steen, M. Weisman, D. Collier, F.M. Wigley, P.A. Merkel, M.E. Csuka, V. Hsu, S. Rocco, M. Erikson, J. Hannigan, W.S. Harkonen, and M.E. Sanders.Summaries for Patients are a service provided by Annals to help patients better understand the complicated and often mystifying language of modern medicine.Summaries for Patients are presented for informational purposes only. These summaries are not a substitute for advice from your own medical provider. If you have questions about this material, or need medical advice about your own health or situation, please contact your physician. The summaries may be reproduced for not-for-profit educational purposes only. Any other uses must be approved by the American College of Physicians-American Society of Internal Medicine. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoRecombinant Human Relaxin in the Treatment of Scleroderma James R. Seibold , Joseph H. Korn , Robert Simms , Phillip J. Clements , Larry W. Moreland , Maureen D. Mayes , Daniel E. Furst , Naomi Rothfield , Virginia Steen , Michael Weisman , David Collier , Fredrick M. Wigley , Peter A. Merkel , Mary Ellen Csuka , Vivien Hsu , Susan Rocco , Mark Erikson , John Hannigan , W. Scott Harkonen , and Martin E. Sanders Metrics 6 June 2000Volume 132, Issue 11Page: 871KeywordsBody weightFibrosisHeartHemorrhageHormonesKidneysLungsRelaxinSclerodermaSkin infections ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 6 June 2000 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2000 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.Loading ...
If Only
Authors: Samuel Vaisrub
Journal: JAMA (1974)

If only the heat of "heated" arguments and of the anger that makes us "hot under the collar" could heat our cold homes! If only the faith that "moves mountains" and the "love that moves the sun and the other stars" could move our cars! If only these energies could be transduced from metaphor to substance, our energy crisis would be resolved. But can they? Shakespeare tells us they cannot. The powers of metaphor-generating imagination are confined to the mind. "O, who could hold a fire in hand / By thinking on the frosty Caucasus? /... / Or wallow naked in December snow / By thinking on fantastic summer heat?" Dryden, on the other hand, confides that "virtue, though in rags, will keep me warm." Artists assure us that "warm" colors actually make us feel warm. And hot-rock fans never doubt that their brand of music is thermogenic. Does the convertibility of mental to
FERNAND WIDAL (1862-1929)
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal