tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
MORTALITY REDUCTIONS DURING A HALF CENTURY
Journal: JAMA (1952)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Saturday, March 16, 1985, 3:00–5:00 pm Workshop 3. Crossed immunoelectrophoresis (CIE): A wet workshop (limited to 30)
Authors: Elliot Ellis, Clifton Furukawa, Joann Blessing-Moore, Gary Rachelefsky, Brian Butcher, Lars Aukrust, Carol O'neil, Margaret Reed, Dean Metcalfe
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (1985)
Oxygen in the home.
Journal: BMJ (1981)

Oxygen in the homeOxygen is of proved value only in treating patients with arterial hypoxaemia; the arterial oxygen pressure (Pao2) has to be restored towards normal to ensure adequate delivery of oxygen to the body cells.Arterial hypoxaemia is shown by central cyanosis, usually recognised when the arterial oxygen saturation is below 9000.1 Cyanosis is easily recognised in polycythaemia but is difficult to detect in anaemic patients.Arterial hypoxaemia usually results from disease that increases the proportion of the 300 million alveoli that are perfused with blood but not adequately ventilated.Treatment with oxygen is of recognised value in many acute conditions, including pneumonia, pulmonary oedema, severe bronchial asthma, and pulmonary thromboembolism, where a low Pao2 is usually associated with a low or normal arterial carbon dioxide pressure (Paco2) (type I respiratory failure).2Here giving oxygen in high concentration by mask is safe, with little risk of carbon dioxide retention.In chronic bronchitis and emphysema, however, particularly during an acute infective exacerbation, hypoxaemia is usually associated with retention of carbon dioxide; and high concentrations of oxygen can then carry a definite but unpredictable risk of exaggerating carbon dioxide retention, which can kill from respiratory acidosis.Providing oxygen is only a part of management of these acutely ill patients-along with the use of diuretics, antibiotics, steroids, or bronchodilators, some of which may need to be given parenterally.The complexity of the treatment,4 coupled with the need for nursing care, often requires that such acutely ill patients be admitted to hospital.At page 1941 B T Williams describes a 10-fold variability in the provision of oxygen at home by the area health authorities in England and Wales during 1977-9.Use of oxygen was not related to the incidence of respiratory disease in these areas.He concludes convincingly that the rationale for prescribing domiciliary oxygen is ill defined.A previous survey in south-east Scotland5 gave similar results.Anecdotal evidence suggests that some patients have only a few cylinders of oxygen provided each year.Their use of oxygen must be intermittent, as the F size cylinder will deliver oxygen for only three to
Clinical Reactions Following Rubella Vaccination
Authors: M. Gilbert Grand
Journal: JAMA (1972)

A prospective study of rubella vaccine-associated joint, muscular, and neuritic reactions was conducted in Louisiana and North Carolina. Children, ages 1 to 12 years, received one of three currently licensed rubella vaccines. Vaccinates were then surveyed by mail during a 60-day postvaccination period, and reactors were interviewed. Cendehill and DE-5 vaccinates had similar incidence rates of reaction. Reactions to both vaccines were mild, transient, and comparable as to sites of involvement. Both vaccine groups had similar frequencies of arthritis and paresthesia. DK-12 vaccine produced a higher reaction rate, longer-duration symptoms, and a higher rate of arthritis and paresthesia than DE-5 vaccine. Cendehill and DE-5 rubella vaccines have an acceptably low rate of reactions for use in public programs. Factors other than vaccine strain may have a role in determining vaccine-associated reaction rates.
A Well Balanced Diet in Pregnancy
Journal: JAMA (1942)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
FINLAND
Journal: JAMA (1961)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 786: Metastasis is driven by mitochondrial protein A via mitochondrial reprogramming in colorectal cancer
Authors: Dayeon Kim, Sang-Mo Kwon
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer worldwide, and CRC metastasis is the main cause of cancer-associated mortality. The hypoxia signaling pathway controls mediators to facilitate cancer progression and metastasis. Recently, mitochondrial reprogramming has emerged as a one of the mechanisms of hypoxia-induced metastasis; however, the link between hypoxia-induced metastasis and mitochondrial reprogramming remains to be elucidated. Here, we have focused on the novel mitochondrial protein A, to determine its role in the molecular mechanism of hypoxia-induced metastasis. Our results indicate that mitochondrial protein A is a downstream target of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1α) and plays an essential role in HIF-1-induced migration and invasion. In addition, we found a clinical correlation between hypoxia and mitochondrial protein A. To identify the role of mitochondrial protein A, we generated mitochondrial protein A deficient or silenced cells, which showed impaired migration, invasion, and colony-forming ability even under hypoxic condition. In contrast, ectopic expression of mitochondrial protein A elevated metastatic potential, both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, mitochondrial protein A directly interacted with dynamin-related protein (DRP1) to retain it in mitochondria, thereby promoting mitochondrial fission. To confirm the effect of mitochondrial fission on mitochondrial protein A-induced metastasis, we blocked DRP1 in mitochondrial protein A overexpressing cells by pharmacological inhibition, which led to impairment of mitochondrial protein A-induced metastatic potential. Furthermore, mitochondrial protein A-silenced cells showed decreased metabolism and lactate production, suggesting that mitochondrial protein A regulates the mitochondrial reprogramming. In summary, we demonstrate that mitochondrial protein A is a novel DRP1 adaptor protein, facilitating mitochondrial fission and mitochondrial reprogramming, and plays a critical role in hypoxia-induced metastasis. We suggest that targeting of mitochondrial protein A maybe a strategy for cancer therapy. Citation Format: Dayeon Kim, Sang-Mo Kwon. Metastasis is driven by mitochondrial protein A via mitochondrial reprogramming in colorectal cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 786.
Renal transplantation for children: another view
Authors: J. B. Reinhart
Journal: JAMA (1988)

MOST patients who undergo renal transplantation are more competent physically, cognitively, and emotionally than before they received the transplant.<sup>1,2</sup>Simmons,<sup>3</sup>using a variety of measures, demonstrated clearly that in most cases, the quality of life is far superior with transplantation than with dialysis. However, the quality of life of transplant recipients is not ideal. They must take drugs daily to prevent rejection and undergo frequent examinations and laboratory tests. They must deal with the side effects of the immunosuppressive drugs. They must live with the uncertainty that their graft might fail at any time. This type of problem, often encountered in the treatment of leukemia, has been aptly called "the Damocles syndrome"<sup>4</sup>because patients feel as if they are lying beneath the sword of Damocles. Children who receive transplants have additional concerns about, eg, growth retardation and delay in puberty. They also must cope with the tasks
A Transplantable Plasma-Cell Leukemia in Mice Associated With the Production of &lt;italic&gt;β&lt;/italic&gt;-Paraprotein&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1959)

The first 8 transfer generations of a spontaneous plasma-cell leukemia originating in a 27-month-old (CBA × DBA/2)F1 mouse are described. Percentage of takes was 57 to 100. Survival time in the first passage was 148 to 437 days, gradually shortened to 55 to 193 days in the seventh passage. Total serum protein was normal. Paper electrophoresis showed a marked increase of the β-globulin fraction. Immunoelectrophoresis revealed that the paraprotein was a γ-protein of β-mobility, a β2-III-fraction of increased concentration and mobility was found, probably due to a reaction of the host toward the implanted neoplasm. In starch-gel electrophoresis the paraprotein migrated more slowly than the normal β-globulin, and the β2-III-fraction migrated faster. From the sixth passage the amount of paraprotein in serum decreased. Blood changes consisted in relative granulocytosis, in the last days of survival associated with the outburst of plasma cells. The outstanding macroscopic lesions were enlargement of the thymus, liver, spleen, and lymph nodes. Microscopic changes were typical leukemic infiltrations in all predilection sites of leukemia. Differentiation grade of the plasma cells in the spontaneous case and in transplanted mice of the first 2 passages was grade II–III; in the next 5 passages, grade III; and in the 8th transfer, grade III–IV. The relative granulocytosis developed simultaneously with the early manifestations of the leukemic lesions in the organs; paraprotein was released into the blood when the leukemic lesions had developed to a moderate degree, increasing in amount with further development of the leukemic process. Plasma cells did not enter the blood stream until the leukemic infiltrations had become extremely marked. No paraprotein was observed in the urine of leukemic mice.
Trolox protects rat hepatocytes against oxyradical damage and the ischemic rat liver from reperfusion injury
Authors: T Wu
Journal: Hepatology (1991)

Trolox, a hydrophilic analog of vitamin E, was reported to scavenge peroxyl radicals from artificial systems better than its parent compound. Here we examined the possible cytoprotective effect of Trolox in cultured hepatocytes and in the rat liver. In cultured rat hepatocytes, 0.5 to 16 mmol/L Trolox (with optimum between 1 to 2 mmol/L) was observed to prolong the survival of cells exposed to oxyradicals generated with xanthine oxidase-hypoxanthine. The protection by 1 mmol/L Trolox surpassed that provided by either ascorbate, mannitol, superoxide dismutase and/or catalase–each at a level giving its maximal protection in the same system. In both a global and partial model of hepatic ischemia-reperfusion in rats, infusion of Trolox (7.5 to 10 μmol/kg body weight) just before reflow reduced by > 80% the liver necrosis sustained in untreated (no Trolox) control rats. Such organ salvage was apparently accompanied by ∼ 50% reduction in the amount of hepatic conjugated dienes, which were quantified by a highly specific radiochemical assay. Since conjugated dienes are presumed to be good “markers” of oxyradical damage, our data may have provided a semiquantitative link between free radical–induced necrosis and its chemical imprint in vivo. The data also indicated a relatively rapid and potent antioxidant-like action by Trolox on rat hepatocytes and on the postischemic reperfused rat liver. (HEPATOLOGY 1991;13:575–580.)
A dose-escalation phase I study of oral pan-CDK inhibitor BAY 1000394 in patients with advanced solid tumors: Dose escalation with an intermittent 28 days on/14 days off schedule.
Authors: Juneko E. Grilley-Olson, Glen J. Weiss, Prabhu Rajagopalan, David Andrew Henderson, Martin Kornacker, Ramaswamy Govindan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

3046 Background: BAY 1000394 (BAY) is an oral pan-CDK inhibitor targeting CDKs 1, 2, 4, 7, and 9 in the low nanomolar range. A phase I dose escalation multicenter study was initiated to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD), pharmacokinetics (PK), and pharmacodynamics (PD) in patients (pts) with advanced solid tumors. Methods: BAY was administered twice daily as an oral solution on a 28 days on / 14 days off schedule (cycle length 42 days, 3+3 design). PK was evaluated on cycle 1 day 1, 2, and 15. Response rate was assessed according to RECIST 1.1. Results: Ten pts were treated at doses of 0.6 (4 pts) and 1.0 (6 pts) mg per day. Tumor types included 3 non-small cell lung, 2 colorectal, 2 melanoma and 3 others. CTCAEv4 grade 1/2 drug related adverse events (AEs) occurring in more than 3 patients were nausea (5 pts), hot flashes (4), vomiting, diarrhea, dyspepsia, and fatigue (3). The median interval between start of treatment and occurrence of hot flashes was 23 days. Drug-related grade 3 AEs were hyponatremia (2 pts) and edema, lymphopenia, myalgia, fatigue, and hypokalemia in 1 pt each. Hyponatremia in one and hypokalemia in another patient were dose limiting toxicities in cohort 2. Enrollment has been stopped. BAY PK was dose proportional and T 1/2 was 13 hours; major metabolite levels were low. One pt with metastatic malignant melanoma pretreated with interferon, talimogene laherparepvec, and ipilimumab (best prior response: progressive disease) achieved stable disease (SD) lasting for 5 months. Three pts had SD lasting for 2.5 - 3 months (thyroid, colorectal, squamous esophageal). Conclusions: BAY administered for 28 days on / 14 days off demonstrated a limited tolerability. This is in contrast to the ongoing 3 days on / 4 days off trial which is currently at a dose level of 20 mg per day. Hot flashes were an infrequent AE in the other dosing schedule but occurred in 4 of the 10 pts presented here. The long interval between start of treatment and occurrence of hot flashes suggests that the 28 days of continuous treatment contributed to the lower tolerability observed in this trial. The 3 days on / 4 days off schedule will be used in the further clinical development of BAY.
On Diseases of Joints
Authors: H. Coote
Journal: BMJ (1858)

cessful.The upper jaw-bone was removed by a single incision; the tumour was exposed behind it, and separated from its attachment near the upper vertebrfe.The actual cautery was applied to the internal maxillary artery, which bled; and to the root of the tumour.The operation is said by the operator to have lasted half an hour, and to have been frightfully painful.May not this, however, have been on account of the single in- 4zision lhaving been used-a modification which does, indeed, entail less mutilation of the exterior of the face, but which, in anu operation involving such deep parts as are concerned in this, is surely unadvisable, as tending to cramp the operator, to prolonlg the steps of the operation, and obscure the view of the neck of the tumour.Of the other cases related in these volumes, it is not neces.sary to cite more.In some, the tumours have been treated by partial exeision of the jaw; but the progress of the cases, as well as the dissections of others which have not been operated on, sufficiently show how much the entire removal of the bone is to be preferred over an operation which involves as much external nmutilation, and which cannot in most cases be com- pleted without violent luxation of the palatine arch, and its subsequent replacement-a proceeding too uncertain and too rough to be generally adopted.In one of the reported cases, the tuImlour has recurred, probably in consequence of incom- plete removal.Here, however, the excision of the upper jaw- bone was found of great service, as it permitted easy access to the newv growth wbieh projected beneath the cicatrix.It may be noticed as a gratifying circumstance, that no deatl Js .rqeted to have ocQurred after the operation.
Underweight, Overweight, Obesity, and Excess DeathsUnderweight, Overweight, Obesity, and Excess Deaths
Authors: James Greenberg
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Erratum: Vol. 66, No. 36
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2017)

the last sentence of the third paragraph of the Discussion should have read "During 2010-2016, approximately 24 states awarded approximately $1.7 billion in public subsidies, such as tax credits, to productions of movies with tobacco incidents, including youth-rated movies.**"Vol.66, No. 36
Lancet, London
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Gastroenterology comes of age
Authors: J. B. Kirsner
Journal: JAMA (1988)

The 1930s were a transitional period for the field of gastroenterology, bridging the gap between its emergence as a specialty at the turn of the century and its later blossoming as an important clinical and scientific discipline. Although the American Gastroenterological Association had been established in 1897 and prominent gastrointestinal (GI) specialists were readily identified, the field of digestive diseases had not yet attained peer and public recognition as a major specialty in America. With few exceptions, for example, the University of Chicago, Mount Sinai in New York, Massachusetts General Hospital, the Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn, The Cleveland Clinic, and The Lahey Clinic, Boston, divisions of gastroenterology had not yet been established in most medical centers. Formal recognition of gastroenterology was not to come until the 1940s. Physiological studies of the GI tract had been in progress intermittently in America for approximately 100 years, but basic knowledge relating to clinical