tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Medical and Surgical Report of the Presbyterian Hospital in the City of New York.
Journal: JAMA (1897)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Hypertension screening
Authors: W. H. Crosby
Journal: JAMA (1976)

STATISTICS collected by the National Heart and Lung Institute in 1971 indicated that an estimated 23 million Americans have hypertension. Almost half of these were unaware of their condition. Among those aware of their hypertension, half were receiving treatment, and the high blood pressure of only half of these was adequately controlled. In July 1972, then Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare Elliot L. Richardson launched the National High Blood Pressure Education Program designed to reduce the morbidity and mortality resulting from hypertension by enhancing professional and public awareness. Major reasons for uncontrolled hypertension include the asymptomatic nature of the condition; disagreement among physicians as to what constitutes hypertension; disagreement about the level of blood pressure at which treatment should be started; and unpleasant side effects from medications, decreasing patient compliance. The Landmark Veterans Administration Cooperative studies under the leadership of Edward D. Freis, MD, showed that control of hypertension
Activins and Inhibins in Endocrine and Other Tumors
Authors: G. P. Risbridger
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (2001)

Inhibin and activin are members of the TGFβ superfamily of growth and differentiation factors. They were first identified as gonadal-derived regulators of pituitary FSH and were subsequently assigned multiple actions in a wide range of tissues. More recently, the inhibin α subunit was considered as a tumor suppressor based on functional studies employing transgenic mouse models. This review evaluates the functional and molecular evidence that the inhibin α subunit is a tumor suppressor in endocrine cancers. The evaluation highlights the discrepant results from the human and mouse studies, as well as the differences between endocrine tumor types. In addition, we examine the evidence that the activin-signaling pathway is tumor suppressive and identify organ-specific differences in the actions and putative roles of this pathway in endocrine tumors. In summary, there is a considerable body of evidence to support the role of inhibins and activins in endocrine-related tumors. Future studies will define the mechanisms by which inhibins and activins contribute to the process of initiation, promotion, or progression of endocrine-related cancers.
THE PROPAGANDA OF VEGETARIANISM.
Journal: JAMA (1899)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Errors in Text, Table Legend, and End Matter in: Sleep Disorders, Health, and Safety in Police Officers
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Shantha M. W. Rajaratnam, PhD; Laura K. Barger, PhD; Steven W. Lockley, PhD; Steven A. Shea, PhD; Wei Wang, PhD; Christopher P. Landrigan, MD, MPH; Conor S. O’Brien, BA; Salim Qadri, BS; Jason P. Sullivan, BS; Brian E. Cade, PhD; Lawrence J. Epstein, MD; David P. White, MD; Charles A. Czeisler, PhD, MD, FRCP; for the Harvard Work Hours, Health and Safety Group
Poreless eggshells
Authors: Haifan Lin, Martin M. Matzuk
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2015)

The oocyte is the sole source of the female genetic material that will be fertilized by sperm to form an embryo. Many extrinsic and intrinsic factors are critical for oocyte development and survival; however, these mediators are incompletely understood. In this issue of the JCI, Weinberg-Shukron et al. uncover a novel recessive missense mutation in the gene encoding nucleoporin-107 (NUP107) that results in abnormal ovarian development. Recapitulation of the human mutation in the Drosophila NUP107 ortholog resulted in poor follicular development and demonstrated an evolutionarily conserved and ovary-specific role of NUP107. While NUP107 is required for nuclear pore complex function in somatic cells of flies and women, this specific amino acid change appears only to be disruptive in the ovary. All together, these findings imply that missense mutations in other genes could be specifically disruptive of ovarian or testicular function, while leaving extragonadal function intact.
AUTHORS' REPLY
Authors: A. Williams, A Davenport
Journal: Thorax (1990)

Role of histamine release in hypertonic saline induced bronchoconstrictionIn a recent study Dr O'Hickey and his colleagues (August 1989;44:650-3) inves- tigated the inhibitory effect of terfenadine on hypertonic saline induced bronchoconstric- tion in asthmatic subjects.Terfenadine was administered in two doses of 120 mg 12 hours and two hours before challenge with hyper- tonic saline, and gave significant protection against this stimulus, displacing the geometric mean PD20 FEV, from 22 to 56 1 drawn from the ultrasonic nebuliser.The authors concluded that airway his- tamine release was only one of several mechanisms mediating the bronchoconstrictor response to hypertonic saline, because of the substantial intersubject variation in the inhibitory effect of terfenadine in their study.This apparent heterogeneity may be due, among other factors, to an inadequate dose of terfenadine.Previous work, by Hopp et al, showed that when terfenadine was administered four hours before bronchial challenge with ultrasonically nebulised distilled water a drug dose of 240 mg gave better protection than that afforded by 120 mg.' A recent study using a dose of 180 mg terfenadine adminis- tered three hours before hypertonic saline challenge showed a geometric mean increase of PD25 by a factor of 7 2,' somewhat greater than the 2-5 fold shift reported by Dr O'Hickey and colleagues.It may be supposed that after airway mast cell degranulation a histamine concentration gradient exists,
Commentaire de travail de S. A. Giday et al., pp. 296
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

See also: Long-term randomized controlled trial of a novel nanopowder hemostatic agent (TC-325) for control of severe arterial upper gastrointestinal bleeding in a porcine modelEndoscopy 2011; 43(04): 296-299DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1256125
Larval therapy
Authors: Rosemary Morgan
Journal: BMJ (2002)

A woman aged 82 years was referred to hospital by her general practitioner with a non-healing foot ulcer. The ulcer had been present for over 18 months and had been treated unsuccessfully by district nurses for the past 12 months. In the past three months it had become increasing painful, interfering with walking. Doppler studies had confirmed that it was a venous ulcer. Unfortunately the patient had been unable to tolerate four layer compression bandaging. When the patient was admitted the ulcer was covered by a mixture of thick, black, dead tissue and infected yellow green slough. Initial treatment with Intrasite gel (hydrogel) was unsuccessful. She was treated with sterile larvae applied to the foot ulcer for three days (figure 1). After removal of the larvae the foot ulcer continued to improve and was healed within three weeks.
&lt;TITLE&gt;Living with asthma&lt;/TITLE&gt;
Journal: JAMA (1999)

lympic track star Jackie Joyner-Kersee has it.So does gold-medal diver Greg Louganis.Millions of Americans have asthma, a serious lung disease, but these worldclass athletes have demonstrated by their successes that asthma doesn't have to stop you from enjoying a full and productive life.There are a lot of unknowns about asthma, such as what exactly causes it, and why some people have it and others don't.Asthma cannot be cured, but asthma symptoms can be controlled.You can prevent symptoms from happening or keep symptoms from getting worse once they occur by regularly taking your prescribed medications and closely following your prescribed management plan.A study in the June 9, 1999, issue of JAMA explored whether adding an inhaled corticosteroid (antiinflammatory medications that prevent and reduce swelling inside the airways) to treatment with corticosteroid pills would prevent relapses after an acute asthma attack better than corticosteroid pills alone.The researchers believe additional studies are needed to determine the best drug treatment after an acute asthma attack. JAMA PATIENT PAGE Living with asthmaThe JAMA Patient Page is a public service of JAMA and the AMA.The information and recommendations appearing on this page are appropriate in most instances; but they are not a substitute for medical diagnosis.For specific information concerning your personal medical condition, JAMA and AMA suggest that you consult your physician.This page may be reproduced noncommercially by physicians and other health care professionals to share with patients.Any other reproduction is subject to AMA approval.
THE UNDERNOURISHED CHILD OF SCHOOL AGE
Journal: JAMA (1930)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
THE PHYSIOLOGY OF WATER
Journal: JAMA (1933)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Cancer of the Ovary
Authors: Stephen A. Cannistra
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1993)

Epithelial cancer of the ovary is the fifth most common malignant condition among women in the United States, with an annual incidence of 22,000 new cases1. This disease predominantly affects postmenopausal women in their sixth decade, accounting for approximately 13,300 deaths each year and for over half of all deaths from genital cancer. The highly lethal nature of this tumor is related to the absence of symptoms in the majority of women with early stages of the disease. Seventy percent of women present with advanced disease in which the tumor has spread to the peritoneal surfaces of the upper . . .
NCCN Conference Addressed Value-Based Healthcare Models, Payer Perspectives, New NCCN Guidelines, and Other Updates in Cancer Care
Authors: Clifford Goodman, Travis Bray, Randy Burkholder, Ron Kline, Daniel Mirda, Michael Neuss, Lee Newcomer
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2018)

New NCCN Guidelines, and Other Updates in Cancer CareNCCN hosted the 23rd NCCN Annual Conference to address some of the biggest emerging issues in oncology currently, including receiving cancer care in value-based healthcare models, managed care, and CMS reimbursement.The NCCN conference also highlighted new treatment advances in immunotherapy, genetic testing, and the latest developments in breast cancer care.The conference took place March 22-24, at Rosen Shingle Creek in Orlando, Florida."The NCCN 23rd Annual Conference is designed to address important educational needs to help cancer care providers improve the quality, effectiveness, and efficiency of cancer care so that patients can live better lives," said Robert W. Carlson, MD, Chief Executive Officer, NCCN."The NCCN Annual Conference focuses on the practical management of patients with cancer, provides updates of NCCN Guidelines, and follows new trends for treatment.With the increased pace of cancer research, large number of disease sites and biologically distinct subtypes, emergence of new diagnostic markers and multigene assays, and expansion of new treatment options, there is tremendous need for clinicians to maintain and continually add to their knowledge of scientific concepts and how to apply them in the everyday practice setting."The keynote address featured Ron Kline, MD, Medical Officer, Patient Care Models Group; Center for Medicare and Medicaid Innovation (CMMI), Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS); and Lee N. Newcomer, MD, MHA, former Senior Vice President, Oncology and Genetics, UnitedHealthcare, offering payers' perspectives on how cancer care in America is evolving.
L'Infection méningococcique.
Journal: JAMA (1922)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Cellular immunity to sperm in infertile women
Authors: P. M. McShane
Journal: JAMA (1985)

To investigate further whether immunity to sperm contributes to some cases of infertility in women, the production of leukocyte inhibitory factor by blood mononuclear cells challenged with human sperm in vitro was measured in women with infertility associated with poor results of postcoital tests or long-term unexplained infertility. Five (36%) of 14 infertile patients but none of nine fertile volunteers responded significantly to sperm in this assay. No study subject had serum IgG or IgM antibodies to sperm detected. These data provide additional evidence consistent with the possibility that cellular immunity to sperm-specific antigen(s) functions in the primary pathogenesis of infertility in some women. (<i>JAMA</i>1985;253:3555-3558)
Abstract 1473: Cardiac Targeted Transgenic Models of Mutations in TK2 or Pol γ Genes Result in Ultrastructural Changes in Mitochondria and Cardiac Hypertrophy
Authors: James J Kohler, Seyed Hosseini, Brian Day, Ann Saada, Orly Elpeleg, William Copeland, William Lewis
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background: Mitochondrial (mt) biogenesis and homeostasis of precursor pools are critical to normal cardiac performance. Two important enzymes are involved in mtDNA replication. DNA polymerase gamma (Pol γ) is responsible for replication of mtDNA. Thymidine kinase 2 (TK2) is responsible for intramitochondrial monophosphorylation of pyrimidines. Point mutations in Pol γ and TK2 identified in mitochondrial genetic diseases include human chronic progressive external opthalmoplegia (CPEO) associated with a Pol γ Y955C mutation, while His121Asn (HIS) and Ile212Asn (ILE) mutations in TK2 result in heritable mtDNA depletion syndromes with organ dysfunction. Because nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI) can also disrupt mtDNA replication, we examined the impact of cardiac-targeted transgenic overexpressors of Pol γ or TK2 mutants in combination with NRTI-based HAART on cardiac function. Methods: Targeted transgenic mice (TG) were generated that overexpress Y955C, HIS or ILE in cardiac tissues driven by the α-MyHC promoter. Changes in cardiac and mitochondrial structure and function were examined by echocardiography (ECHO), transmission electron microscopy (EM), mtDNA abundance, 8-OH2dG and SDH enzyme histochemistry quantitation. TGs and wild-type (WT) littermates were treated with vehicle or NRTI-based HAART (ziduvodine, lamivudine, and indinavir, 35 days). Results: Y955C TGs had decreased cardiac mtDNA abundance, increased mitochondrial oxidative stress (increased 8-OH2dG), and mitochondrial destruction together with increased LV mass. HIS TGs (both treated and untreated) demonstrated increased LV mass and a 2-fold increase in mtDNA abundance compared to WT. Untreated ILE TGs had no analogous impact, but the addition of HAART treatment resulted in increased LV mass and mtDNA abundance. Conclusions: Inefficient mtDNA replication and mitochondrial oxidative stress contribute to mtDNA depletion. Pol γ Y955C and TK2 HIS each alters mtDNA replication. ILE had minimal impact on mitochondrial ultrastructure or cardiac function, but together with HAART had an effect. These pathogenic point mutations in genes involved in mtDNA replication may increase risk for cardiac hypertrophy compounded by NRTI treatment.
Outcome of primary tumor in patients with synchronous stage IV colorectal cancer receiving combination chemotherapy without surgery as initial treatment
Authors: G. A. Poultsides, E. L. Servais, L. B. Saltz, S. Patil, N. E. Kemeny, J. G. Guillem, M. Weiser, L. K. Temple, W. Wong, P. B. Paty
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

CRA4030 Background: In the absence of symptoms (bleeding, perforation, obstruction) or resectable metastatic disease, primary tumor resection in patients who present with synchronous metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) is of uncertain benefit. The purpose of this study was to describe the frequency of intervention necessary to palliate the intact primary tumor in patients who present with synchronous stage IV CRC and receive up-front modern combination chemotherapy without prophylactic surgery. Methods: Using a prospective institutional database, we identified 233 consecutive patients from 2000 through 2006 with synchronous metastatic CRC and an unresected primary tumor who received oxaliplatin- or irinotecan-based, triple-drug chemotherapy (FOLFOX, IFL, or FOLFIRI) with or without bevacizumab as their initial treatment. The incidence of subsequent use of surgery, radiotherapy, and/or endoluminal stenting to manage primary tumor complications was recorded. Results: Of 233 patients, 217 (93%) never required surgical palliation of their primary tumor. Sixteen patients (7%) required emergent surgery for primary tumor obstruction or perforation, 10 patients (4%) required nonoperative intervention (stent or radiotherapy), whereas 213 (89%) never required any direct symptomatic management for their intact primary. Of those, 47 (20%) ultimately underwent elective colon resection at the time of metastasectomy and 8 (3%) during laparotomy for hepatic artery infusion pump placement. Neither use of bevacizumab, location of the primary tumor in the rectum, or metastatic disease burden were associated with increased intervention rate. In addition, when included as a time-varying covariate in a Cox regression model, the need for emergent intervention did not correlate with overall survival. Conclusions: Most patients with synchronous stage IV CRC who receive up-front modern combination chemotherapy never require palliative surgery for their intact primary. These data support the use of chemotherapy, without routine prophylactic resection, as the appropriate standard practice for patients with neither obstructed nor hemorrhaging primary colorectal tumors in the setting of metastatic disease. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Amgen, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Genentech, ImClone, Pfizer, Roche sanofi-aventis Amgen, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Genentech, ImClone, Pfizer, Roche, sanofi-aventis