tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Coffee intake and elevated cholesterol and apolipoprotein B levels in men
Authors: P. T. Williams
Journal: JAMA (1985)

Coffee intake from three-day diet records was studied in association with plasma lipoprotein concentrations in a cross-sectional sample of 77 middle-aged American men to determine the significance and form of their interrelationships. The number of cups consumed per day correlated positively with levels of apolipoprotein B (<i>r</i>=.27,<i>P</i>≤.01) and became more strongly correlated when adjusted for age, cigarette use, adiposity, aerobic capacity, nutrient intake, and stress. Coffee intake also correlated with total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels when adjusted for these confounding factors. Graphic analyses revealed that plasma concentrations of apolipoprotein B and LDL-cholesterol were unrelated to intake of up to 2 cups of coffee per day and positively associated with intake exceeding 2 to 3 cups. These results suggest that male heavy coffee drinkers have lipoprotein profiles suggestive of increased cardiovascular disease risk, although the causality remains to be determined. (<i>JAMA</i>1985;253:1407-1411)
Iacobucci I, Storlazzi CT, Cilloni D, et al. Identification and molecular characterization of recurrent genomic deletions on 7p12 in the IKZF1 gene in a large cohort of BCR-ABL1–positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients: on behalf of Gruppo Italiano Malattie Ematologiche dell'Adulto Acute Leukemia Working Party (GIMEMA AL WP). Blood. 2009;114(10):2159–2167.
Journal: Blood (2010)
The runaway American health care system
Journal: JAMA (1990)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Success stories
Authors: T. Dalrymple
Journal: BMJ (2008)

<h3>Objective</h3> To assess the effect of posttraumatic epilepsy (PTE) on mortality and causes of death after traumatic brain injury (TBI). <h3>Methods</h3> Medical reports were collected retrospectively of patients who sustained TBI between 1996 and 2013. After defining patients with PTE and picking up 2 non-PTE matched TBI controls for every patient with PTE, the database included 714 patients. Demographic data, cause and mechanism of injury, nature of injury (focal injury, intracranial bleeding), time from accident to first seizure, remission rates, neurosurgical operations undertaken, and mortality data were collected. <h3>Results</h3> Of the 714 patients, 555 (77.7%) were men and 159 (22.3%) were women. There was an obvious increase in long-term mortality in patients with PTE compared to control TBI patients. This increase became evident after about 1 year from the injury, when approximately 95% of both non-PTE and PTE patients were alive; after that, the difference in mortality increased. The difference remained significant at least up to 15 years from the injury, when around 65% of non-PTE patients with TBI were alive compared to only 45% of patients with PTE. In patients with PTE, the mortality was 1.75 times higher (<i>p</i> = 0.0001). There was no significant difference in causes of death. <h3>Conclusion</h3> This study shows that long-term mortality is higher in patients with PTE than other patients with TBI, although the reasons for this difference remain unclear.
Abstract 829: SAS1B protein: Determining whether ASTL or SAS1B has a role in tumor progression
Authors: Zunair S. Khokhar, Eusebio S. Pires, Alexander J. Kim, Ryan D'Souza
Journal: Cancer Research (2018)

Abstract The matrix metalloproteinase Sperm Acrosomal SLLP1 Binding (SAS1B) is an ideal molecular and cellular candidate for both female contraception and for cancer therapies. SAS1B translation is restricted among adult tissues to the ovary and oocytes, and SAS1B first appears in oocytes of follicles at the primary-secondary transition and also in tumors of varied types and stages. Research conducted using SAS1B antibodies suggested that the protein is localized at the cell membrane of cancer cells and can get internalized in a classical endocytosis assay and can be killed using an immunotoxin linked onto antibodies. The current study aims at deciphering whether the ASTL gene or the SAS1B protein is important for tumor progression, invasion and metastasis through cell biology and molecular biology tools and ensuring tumor cell-killing properties via an ADC-mediated killing using biochemistry and molecular biology tools. PCR, immunohistochemistry, Immunofluorescence, and Western blots revealed that a noncancerous breast cell line, MCF10A5E, is SAS1B null and can be used to study cancer-like properties once stably transfected with the SAS1B construct. Previous work in the lab indicated that an SAS1B-ADC strategy is a viable immunotherapy that could benefit patients who have failed to respond to chemotherapy, if indeed SAS1B plays a role in cancer development and progression. The outcomes of an SAS1B-ADC in a breast cancer model will be presented. Citation Format: Zunair S. Khokhar, Eusebio S. Pires, Alexander J. Kim, Ryan D'Souza. SAS1B protein: Determining whether ASTL or SAS1B has a role in tumor progression [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 829.
Role of intracellular calcium in superoxide-induced hepatocyte injury
Authors: M Murata
Journal: Hepatology (1994)

The mechanisms of hepatocyte injury caused by exogenous superoxide were investigated with the use of cultured rat hepatocytes. Cell viability, cytosolic free calcium concentration and cell surface structure were observed. Superoxide was produced by adding hypoxanthine and xanthine oxidase to the buffer. Cytosolic free calcium concentration was calculated by means of ratio imaging of fura 2 fluorescence with multiparameter digitized microscopy. In the buffer containing 1.27 mmol/L of calcium, lactate dehydrogenase release into the buffer began to increase at 1 hr and reached a plateau in 5 hr. Eighteen minutes after the addition of hypoxanthine and xanthine oxidase, small blebs were recognized on the cell surface with a scanning electron microscope; then a gradual rise in cytosolic free calcium concentration was observed. Thirty minutes after exposure to superoxide, large blebs were recognized with a phase-contrast microscope, when cytosolic free calcium concentration had risen to about 700 nmol/L. Depriving the buffer of calcium (< 10 μmol/L) significantly suppressed bleb formation and cell death, and cytosolic free calcium concentration was found to remain around the basal level (200 nmol/L). When ethylene glycol-bis (β-amino-ethyl ether)-N,N,N′,N′-tetraacetic acid was added to the buffer, bleb formation and cell death were suppressed more completely, and cytosolic free calcium concentration decreased. Superoxide dismutase combined with catalase or nifedipine allowed the hepatocytes to maintain their viability and suppressed cytosolic free calcium concentration elevation. Calpeptin, a Ca2+-dependent neutral protease inhibitor, did not affect the rise in cytosolic free calcium concentration but prevented cell injury. We concluded that cell injury caused by superoxide is initiated by influx of calcium and that the resultant activation of Ca2+-dependent protease may play an important role in bleb formation and cell death. (HEPATOLOGY 1994;19:1223–1228.)
MEDICINAL FOODS.
Journal: JAMA (1907)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Highlights
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2019)

Quick Reperfusion and Outcomes in Acute Ischemic Stroke 405Optimal clinical outcomes for patients with acute ischemic stroke treated with endovascular therapy hinges on timely reperfusion; however, existing data are scarce.In this metaanalysis of data from 728 patients in 7 randomized trials of the Highly Effective Reperfusion Using Multiple Endovascular Devices (HERMES) group, Bourcier and coauthors found that the rate of successful reperfusion decreased as time elapsed after arrival at the stroke endovascular center.Fast reperfusion was a major modifiable factor associated with better clinical outcome, and the intermediary outcome, the rate of successful reperfusion, was higher with faster in-hospital process times.
Massachusetts Medical Society
Authors: John Figgis Jewett
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1957)

COMMITTEE ON MATERNAL WELFARESuppurative Pneumococcal Meningitis Secondary to Purulent Otitis MediaA thirty-one-year-old gravida 3, para 2, was first seen at the end of the first trimester. She complained of a draining left ear and was given the name of 2 otologists, but apparently never consulted either of them. She was checked at two subsequent monthly intervals, showed no abnormalities and did not complain of the ear. One week after her last office visit and two weeks before death, without the knowledge of the obstetrician, she had more ear trouble and was seen by another physician, who is said . . .
Twilight
Authors: Daniel M. Becker
Journal: JAMA (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Prevention in <i>Circulation</i> and the <i>Circulation</i> Subspecialty Journals
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Prior primary prevention trials of statin therapy that used cholesterol criteria for enrollment have not reported significant decreases in stroke risk with active statin therapy.Justification for the Use of Statins in Prevention: An Intervention Trial Evaluating Rosuvastatin (JUPITER) randomized 17 802 men and women without cardiovascular disease with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels Ͻ130 mg/dL and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels Ն2.0 mg/L to rosuvastatin 20 mg daily or placebo.Active therapy with rosuvastatin reduced overall stroke rates nearly by half (48%), largely because of a 51% reduction in ischemic stroke without an increase in the risk of hemorrhagic stroke.Aside from a small increase in the risk of physician-diagnosed diabetes in the rosuvastatin arm, adverse events were similar in the 2 treatment arms.An updated meta-analysis of data from JUPITER and data from prior primary prevention statin trials (West of Scotland Coronary Prevention Study, Air Force/Texas Coronary Atherosclerosis Prevention Study, and Management of Elevated Cholesterol in the Primary Prevention Group of Adult Japanese) revealed a statistically significant 25% reduction in the risk of stroke with active statin therapy in the primary prevention setting.Our data suggest that statin therapy prevents stroke in a primary prevention population with normal levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol but elevated levels of the inflammatory biomarker high-sensitivity C-reactive protein. Conclusion:Rosuvastatin reduces by more than half the incidence of ischemic stroke among men and women with low levels of lowdensity lipoprotein cholesterol levels who are at risk because of elevated levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein. 1 Evaluation of the American Heart Association Cardiovascular Disease Prevention Guideline for WomenSummary: The 2007 American Heart Association guidelines for cardiovascular disease prevention in women recommended categorizing women as high risk, at-risk, or optimal risk on the basis of prevalent medical conditions, conventional coronary risk factors, diet, and physical activity.In the Women's Health Initiative, a large, diverse cohort of postmenopausal women, prediction of cardiovas-cular risk by the American Heart Association guidelines did not differ from Adult Treatment Panel III modified Framingham categories of Ͻ10%, 10% to 20% and Ͼ20%, but the American Heart Association guidelines were less accurate than the Framingham categories of Ͻ5%, 5% to 20% and Ͼ20 (PϽ0.0001).Whether the American Heart Association guidelines will be used by practitioners and whether its use would improve clinical decision-making and patient outcomes remain to be demonstrated.Conclusions: Risk stratification as proposed in the 2007 AHA guideline is simple, accessible to patients and providers, and identifies cardiovascular risk with accuracy similar to that of the current Framingham algorithm.
Abstract 13158: Impact of Enhancing Fetal Lung Vascular and Alveolar Development by Slow-release Novel Synthetic Prostacyclin Agonist for Treatment of Fetal Lung Hypoplasia
Authors: Satoshi Umeda, Shigeru Miyagawa, Satsuki Fukushima, Akima Harada, Atsuhiro Saito, Yoshiki Sakai, Yoshiki Sawa, Hiroomi Okuyama
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Background: Lung hypoplasia and persistent pulmonary hypertension associated with critical pathologies, such as congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH), is the major cause of mortality in the neonates. Although prostaglandins pathway is known to play a pivotal role in the lung development, effectiveness of postnatal treatment by prostaglandin agonists was reported to be suboptimal. We hypothesized that prenatal treatment by ONO-1301SR, slow-release form of a novel synthetic prostacyclin agonist with thromboxane inhibitory activity, might promote development of lungs having hypoplasia in the fetal period. Methods: On embryonic day (E) 9.5, nitrofen was given to pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats to produce a CDH-relating lung hypoplasia model, while normal rats (n=4) received vehicle only. At the same day, either ONO-1301SR or placebo was randomly given to the nitrofen-treated rats (placebo; n=7, ONO; n=5). On E21.5, the normal fetuses, and the fetuses having CDH were analyzed. Results: Prenatal ONO-1301SR administration had no influence on incidence of nitrofen-induced CDH. One-seventh of maternal blood concentration of ONO-1301 was transferred to fetal blood at E21.5, warranting efficient placental permeability of this molecule. Prostacyclin receptor was expressed in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells in the fetus. Lung-to-body weight ratio (%) in the ONO group (1.88±0.07) was greater than that in the placebo group (1.60±0.04, p&lt;0.01). Histologically, medial wall thickness in the ONO group was two-third thinner than that in the placebo group (p&lt;0.01). In addition, the number of Ttf-1-positive cells and capillary density were 1.5 times or more greater in the ONO group than that in the placebo group (p&lt;0.05), associated with a greater expression of VEGF and SDF-1 in the ONO group, suggesting enhanced development of the alveolar and capillary network. Conclusions: Prenatal ONO-1301SR administration promoted efficient development of hypoplastic lungs associated with CDH in the nitrofen-induced rat model, indicating potential of this treatment for pathologies having lung hypoplasia.
From the authors
Authors: B. W. M. Willemse, N. H. T. ten Hacken, D. S. Postma, W. Timens
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2006)

We appreciate the comments by R. Polosa regarding our recent article in the European Respiratory Journal [1].In this study, we described unexpectedly high quit rates, both for asymptomatic smokers and smokers with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Since smoking cessation is a difficult task, especially in COPD patients, R. Polosa's most important question is how we obtained such high quit rates, i.e. which smoking-cessation programme was used and what were the subjects' characteristics.Furthermore, he questioned whether our study had the power to raise any tools to develop a special smoking-cessation programme for COPD patients.We are pleased to have the opportunity to give more information about our experiences on smoking cessation.
As If Exposure to Toxins Were Not Enough: The Social and Cultural System As a Secondary Stressor
Authors: J. Stephen Kroll-Smith, Stephen R. Couch
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1991)

A growing body of evidence indicates that toxic contamination, both indoor and outdoor, negatively affects sociocultural systems and that this in turn affects the social and psychological responses to the contamination. Using secondary case studies and primary survey, interview and observation data from three toxic contamination situations, this paper conceptualizes and summarizes the findings to date. We argue that using a sociocultural perspective helps us to understand much of the seemingly inexplicable behavior that accompanies cases of toxic contamination. Using examples from primary and secondary case studies, four areas in which the sociocultural system affected by toxic contamination can influence the outcome of the response are described: a) engineering options may be frustrated by sociocultural systems; b) communications may be frustrated by sociocultural systems; c) cultural images and social structural patterns of space usage can affect response; and d) sociocultural systems can affect medical outcomes. Given the nature of sociocultural systems and human behavior, measuring the relationship between contamination, social response, and individual behavior is difficult. An example of one approach using the concept of alienation is discussed, wherein linkages have been found between toxic contamination, alienation, and psychological coping difficulties. Implications for professionals responding to toxic contamination cases are also discussed. We conclude that a sociocultural perspective provides a necessary complement to medical and engineering perspectives if we are to fully understand human reactions to toxic contamination and move toward alleviating human health problems associated with these risks.
AN INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY OF PNEUMONIC FEVER.
Authors: EDWARD F. WELLS
Journal: JAMA (1889)

FIFTH PAPER.—GEOGRAPHY. Medical geography is, equally with historical pathology, one of the most fruitful means of eti- ological research. It enables us to become acquainted with the different regions of the globe in which certain diseases prevail, and thus allows upon the grandest scale the study of cosmic, tel- lurial and even anthropological conditions that may favor or hinder their development. Pneumonic fever prevails in every part of the world, but, as is the case with all other maladies, it is more common in some localities than in others. It is more prevalent in temperate than in either frigid or torrid regions. Beginning at the poles, its frequency increases in a gradual manner until the maximum is attained at a certain latitude in either temperate zone, and from these points it diminishes as we approach the equator, so that in some tropical countries the malady is somewhat of a nosological
Time for Action on Drug Safety
Authors: James J. Rybacki
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
BINOCULAR LOUPE
Authors: George Martin McBean
Journal: JAMA (1931)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —May I call your attention to page 1975 ofThe Journalfor December 27, on which is an illustration of a binocular loupe. This is an old instrument known as the Hardy-Beebe loupe and has been used for many years by ophthalmologists. It should not pass as the invention of Dr. Frank Lahey. [The letter was referred to Dr. Lahey who replies:]