tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Carinal transplantation.
Authors: H Ueda, T Shirakusa
Journal: Thorax (1992)

BACKGROUND: Current techniques of management of carinal lesions are not always satisfactory. Carinal transplantation, if feasible, would be valuable in certain circumstances. METHODS AND RESULTS: Carinal transplantation experiments were performed in dogs. In early cross transplant experiments there were problems in controlling ventilation and in obtaining satisfactory anastomoses, and the animals failed to live for even a few days. In seven subsequent experiments the carinal graft was removed from one dog and transplanted into a second dog. Two dogs lived for over four months with immunosuppression. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that carinal transplantation can succeed if (1) the calibre of the graft is matched with that of the recipient; (2) there is an abundant blood supply to the graft; (3) appropriate immunosuppression is provided; (4) ventilation is adequate during surgery.
Do families get family care?
Authors: P. J. Murata
Journal: JAMA (1987)

To determine the prevalence of family care, we measured the extent to which a subset of 732 families, from those enrolled in the Rand Health Insurance Experiment, perceive and use a single primary care physician. Although only 16.7% of these families had all members with a majority of their visits to the same physician, 45.4% identified a single primary care physician for all family members. (For older couples, this percentage reached 73.5%.) An intermediate proportion of families had visits by all family members to a single physician. Children received less family care, but as families matured, family care increased for both children and parents. Our results suggest an inverse relationship between family care and education level. The availability of general-family practitioners, family income, insurance coverage, and population size were not significant determinants of family care. We conclude that family members share the perception of having a single "family physician," which is reflected in their patterns of utilization. (<i>JAMA</i>1987;257:1912-1915)
Erratum: Club Cell Protein 16 and Disease Progression in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Joan Cook-Mills, Tina Hartert
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2014)

generation of nitric oxide, acute administration of g-tocopherol may indeed have benefit.In contrast, in both the US and Chinese population-based studies (unpublished data) we have conducted, chronic exposure to g-tocopherol was associated with both lower spirometric values and higher incidence of asthma, respectively, and those individuals with asthma and high levels of g-tocopherol had the lowest lung spirometric measures (14).In contrast, in these population-based studies, higher a-tocopherol levels were associated with higher spirometric parameters and a lower risk for incident asthma, respectively ( 14).How do we put these studies into context, learn from them, and advance our understanding of the role of these dietary factors in allergic airway disease?We believe these studies should not necessarily be seen as contradictory, that these antioxidants may be beneficial in different types of airway inflammation, with g-tocopherol playing a role as an acute antioxidant in primarily neutrophilic lung inflammation and a-tocopherol playing a protective role in allergic airway inflammation.In contrast, g-tocopherol increases allergic inflammation in mice and is associated with reduced spirometry in individuals with and without asthma ( 14).We have made great progress in the last decade in understanding the role of these tocopherols; however, we still have much to learn.It is acknowledged that future long-term chronic intervention studies are challenging, but needed.In addition, these studies will require use of purified tocopherol isoforms, as well as studies of the dual effect of combined isoforms to fully understand the functions of these tocopherols in allergic airway and other diseases.We believe that the modification of the human diet offers tremendous promise in primary disease prevention of allergic airway disease.
Authors' Reply
Authors: Sanjeev Krishna, Timothy Planche
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2005)

The study by Planche et al. [1] provides important new information addressing intracellular volume depletion in children with severe childhood malaria, but does not address the question of whether intravascular volume depletion (hypovolemic shock) is present.Using sophisticated methodology to determine total body water and extracellular water, they demonstrate a 6.7% defi cit in total body water and an 11.7% defi cit of intracellular water, providing an important indication of the volumes of fl uid that may be required to optimize hydration.The data, however, do not address the degree of fi lling of the intravascular compartment, nor should they be used to answer the question about the state of tissue and organ perfusion.Indeed, we believe that these new data present no confl ict with our previously reported fi ndings.Using methods to study critical illness physiology that are widely employed within pediatric intensive care units for interpretation of circulatory status, we have demonstrated evidence for hypovolemia in 53 Kenyan children with severe malaria complicated by metabolic acidosis [2].Our children were younger, had longer capillary refi lling times (>3 s), lower central venous pressures (mean 2.9 cm H 2 O) and higher creatinines (>80 µmol/l): all features of compensated hypovolemic shock.Furthermore, hypotension (systolic BP < 80 mm Hg) was present in 44% of children with severe acidosis (base defi cit >15).These fi ndings also indicate important baseline differences in two cohorts of children studied.We agree that reconsideration of guidelines for acute fl uid management is warranted, particularly when current recommendations await an adequate evidence base.Nevertheless, confl icting opinions on the question of volume status in children with severe malaria can be satisfactorily resolved only through prospective randomized trials that include both fl uid resuscitation and control groups.While the design and conduct of such trials will involve considerable challenges, optimal fl uid management will never be resolved on the basis of theoretical consideration alone.
Digitalis intoxication. Treatment with a new steroid-binding resin
Authors: G. Bazzano
Journal: JAMA (1972)

Colestipol, a new anion exchange resin which binds digitalis glycosides, was administered to five patients with digoxin or digitoxin intoxication. Two patients with digoxin and one with digitoxin intoxication were treated with supportive measures only in order to obtain the "normal" rate of disappearance of digitalis glycosides from plasma. Signs and symptoms of digitalis intoxication and plasma glycoside levels subsided in a much shorter time in the patients treated with colestipol. Colestipol shortened the plasma half-life of digitoxin from 9.3 days to an average of 2.75 days. In vitro experiments demonstrated that the presence of duodenal juice may decrease the binding capacity of cholestyramine, although it does not seem to have a significant effect on the binding capacity of colestipol.
THE CHLORACETIC ACIDS: A BIOCHEMICAL STUDY
Authors: H. LESLIE ROBERTS
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1926)

Journal Article THE CHLORACETIC ACIDS: A BIOCHEMICAL STUDY Get access H. LESLIE ROBERTS, M.D. H. LESLIE ROBERTS, M.D. Lately Lecturer in Dermatology in the University of Liverpool; Consulting Dermatologist to the Liverpool Royal Infirmary Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology and Syphilis, Volume 38, Issue 8-9, 1 August 1926, Pages 323–334, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1926.tb10016.x Published: 01 August 1926
Vitelline duct remnant appearing as a hemorrhagic umbilical mass
Authors: L. S. Chiang
Journal: JAMA (1982)

MECKEL'S diverticulum is a frequently seen variation of persistent vitelline duct remnant (omphalomesenteric duct) in infancy and childhood. Various forms have been documented and are rather familiar to the medical profession. Recently I encountered a new form of vitelline duct remnant appearing as an umbilical hematoma. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 1-year-old boy was admitted to the pediatric ward and subsequently scheduled for a reparative operation for a possible umbilical hematoma or hernia. He had been well since birth until two months before admission. Following trauma to his umbilical area (he accidentally bumped into the corner of a desk), an umbilical swelling developed and gradually increased in size. The patient was the second child of the family, and no other contributory factor was known. The skin was intact except for some ecchymosis overlying the supraumbilical swelling, which was most prominent with the patient in the standing position. At operation, after
The Tumor Necrosis Factor Family Receptors RANK and CD40 Cooperatively Establish the Thymic Medullary Microenvironment and Self-Tolerance
Authors: Taishin Akiyama, Yusuke Shimo, Hiromi Yanai, Junwen Qin, Daisuke Ohshima, Yuya Maruyama, Yukiko Asaumi, Juli Kitazawa, Hiroshi Takayanagi, Josef M. Penninger, Mitsuru Matsumoto, Takeshi Nitta, Yousuke Takahama, Jun-ichiro Inoue
Journal: Immunity (2013)
THE ETIOLOGY OF YELLOW FEVER.
Journal: JAMA (1901)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Vasodilator therapy for valvular heart disease
Authors: B. H. Greenberg
Journal: JAMA (1981)

AS A result of their ability to unload the heart, drugs that reduce vasomotor tone in the periphery have been used in the treatment of a variety of cardiac disorders. In patients with left ventricular dysfunction, vasodilators improve cardiac performance and relieve symptoms of congestion and low output. They have also been used to treat patients who are symptomatic from severe valvular regurgitation. We review the recently published information describing the effects of vasodilators in patients with mitral and aortic regurgitation, and suggest some of the directions that future research is likely to take. A convenient and useful way of classifying vasodilators is according to their major site of action, since the hemodynamic effects of a particular drug depend on whether it reduces tone in peripheral arteries, in veins, or, in the case of dual-acting agents, in both. Nitroglycerin and isosorbide dinitrate (Isordil) are predominantly venodilators. By decreasing tone in
MCAT: picayune or malevolent?
Authors: T. E. Will
Journal: JAMA (1988)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> From its incomprehensibility, I would guess that Dr Will's second paragraph was lifted straight from a previous MCAT. Having learned a little quizmanship from my two earlier attempts at the all-day examination, I decided to skip the paragraph and come back to it later if I had time. As to his comments acknowledging that the MCAT was picayune and that being picayune was a necessary evil of such tests, I should remind him that the word<i>picayune</i>connotes "petty or mean" or "of little value or importance." It comes from the French,<i>picaillon</i>, a small copper coin, and I wouldn't give one red cent for the value of the mindless morass of minutiae called an MCAT, which masquerades as a selection process for a career in medicine. With the same confused tangle of thought that typifies the feckless jumble of questions thrown together in the MCAT, Dr Will
Abdominal Surgery
Authors: Arthur W. Allen
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1947)

AppendicitisKeyes and Cook47 discuss the differential diagnosis in acute appendicitis in the presence of diarrhea. This combination occurs rarely but often enough to be kept in mind, especially in children or when the inflamed appendix is adjacent to the rectal wall. In appendicitis the pain is not relieved by the passage of a stool or flatus with or without enemas, whereas temporary complete relief is always thus obtained in gastroenteritis. Vomiting is more frequent and more prolonged in gastroenteritis, and the white-cell count is usually higher in appendicitis. Tenderness in the pelvis on rectal examination is diagnostic of appendicitis. . . .
Fatal rectal bleeding due to tuberculosis of the cecum
Authors: H. A. Goudarzi
Journal: JAMA (1982)

GROSS rectal bleeding is a rare presenting symptom of ileocecal tuberculosis, a disease that has become rare in the United States in recent years.<sup>1,2</sup>This case was diagnosed as Crohn's disease ten years before the fatal episode described here. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 65-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital for evaluation of lower abdominal pain associated with distention, nausea, and vomiting of several months' duration. She had a history of ethanol abuse and intermittent small rectal bleeding. In 1970, she had abnormal serological findings and anemia. A barium enema examination disclosed a filling defect of the terminal ileum and cecum thought to be Crohn's disease. She refused laparotomy and received a course of penicillin for the abnormal serological findings. She was emaciated and had mild icterus, slight hepatomegaly, and ascites consistent with the known history of alcoholic cirrhosis. Laboratory studies revealed the following values: WBC count, 8,200/cu
Molecular predictors of treatment response in colon and gastric cancer.
Authors: Paul Timothy Fanta, Eric Roeland, John P. Shen, Kelly Anne Shimabukuro, Michael Hwang, Sonia Ramamoorthy, Andrew M. Lowy
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

619 Background: With the noted exception of KRAS mutational status, currently there exists limited data regarding the incorporation of tumor-derived biomarkers in the clinical management of gastrointestinal malignancies. High ERCC1 levels have been associated with inferior results in platinum-treated patients with non-small cell lung cancer, esophageal cancers, and head and neck cancer. Lenz et al. concluded ERCC-1 gene expression levels may allow the selection of patients who may benefit from FOLFOX chemotherapy in metastatic colon cancer. Low intra-tumoral ERCC1 mRNA expression predicted improved PFS and OS in patients with esophageal adenocarcinoma who were treated with tri-modality therapy in the SWOG 0356 correlative study. Methods: To determine the prevalence and patterns of expression of select tumor biomarkers including ERCC1, TS, HER-2, KRAS, BRAF, and EGFR gene expression was measured in metastatic gastric and colorectal cancers using formalin fixed paraffin embedded tumor samples from 120 metastatic colorectal and 20 metastatic gastric cancer were dissected using laser-captured micro-dissection and analyzed for ERCC-1, TS, EGFR, RRM1, and VEGFR2a mRNA expression using a quantitative RT-PCR methodology. Gene expression values (relative mRNA levels) were recorded as ratios between the target gene and internal reference gene (beta-actin). A retrospective review of the patient’s response to therapy was planned. Results: In colorectal patients, the incidence of KRAS mutations was 50%, specifically Gly12Ser 4%, Gly12Val 11%, Gly12Asp 20%, Gly12 Cys 7% Gly12Ala 2% and Gly13Asp 8%. BRAF expression analysis displayed 91% wild type with 9% V600E mutations. Median expression values for ERCC1, TS, EGFR, RRM1, and VEGFR2A expression levels using RT-PCR were 1.23, 2.28, 1.90, 1.05, and 1.61 respectively in the colorectal subset. In gastric cancer, ERCC1, TS, and Her-2 median expression levels using RT-PCR were 1.54, 3.56, and 0.08 respectively. Correlation with clinical outcome is pending and will be reported later.
Ospolot, a New Anticonvulsant for the Treatment of Epilepsy
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
NIH committee studying fetal tissue transplants meets this month to complete its assignment
Authors: C. Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1988)

"THE BENEFITS of fetal tissue transplants are so enormously promising that it becomes the duty of the health research community to engage in the relevant research and therapy," says a draft statement prepared by a National Institutes of Health (NIH) committee. The 21-member committee, which was called to advise the NIH director on the ethical, legal, and scientific aspects of fetal tissue transplantation (and which meets again in a few days to complete its assignment), tentatively has concluded: Research with these tissues is acceptable. At the same time, the committee recognizes the moral issues involved, both individually and among society at large, because the source of most of the tissues is induced abortions. By using such tissues, researchers and even those who benefit from the results can be held to be parties to the "morally unacceptable" act of abortion, says one committee member. In recognition of this, the committee—in its
Ulcers and gastritis
Authors: H. Kashiwagi
Journal: Endoscopy (2010)

It is increasingly recognized that parietal cell antibodies (PCA), previously assumed to be exclusive to autoimmune gastritis, are associated with Helicobacter pylori infection. Veijola et al. reported association of autoimmune-type atrophic corpus gastritis with H. pylori infection [1]. In the study they investigated the signs of previous H. pylori infection in patients with different grades of atrophic gastritis in order to assess the proportion of gastric atrophy not associated with H. pylori infection. In total, 23 patients with different grades of atrophic gastritis were analyzed using enzyme immunoassay-based serology, immunoblot-based serology, and histology to reveal a past or a present H. pylori infection. In addition, serum markers for gastric atrophy (pepsinogen I, pepsinogen I/II, and gastrin) and autoimmunity (PCA and intrinsic factor, antibodies) were determined. Of the 14 patients with severe gastric atrophy, as demonstrated by histology and serum markers, and no evidence for an ongoing H. pylori infection, eight showed H. pylori antibodies by immunoblotting. All eight had elevated PCA, four of whom also had intrinsic factor antibodies. Of the six immunoblot-negative patients with severe corpus atrophy, PCA and intrinsic factor antibodies were detected in four patients. Among the patients with low-to-moderate grade atrophic gastritis (all except one with an ongoing H. pylori infection), serum markers for gastric atrophy and autoimmunity were seldom detected. However, only one H. pylori-negative patient with mild atrophic gastritis had PCA and intrinsic factor antibodies suggestive of a pre-atrophic autoimmune gastritis. They concluded that atrophic corpus gastritis, including autoimmune-type severe atrophy with vitamin B12-malabsorption, is associated with a long-standing H. pylori infection in most cases.
Risk of vascular disease in women. Smoking, oral contraceptives, noncontraceptive estrogens, and other factors
Authors: D. B. Petitti
Journal: JAMA (1979)

We investigated the relation in women of various factors to risk of myocardial infarction, subarachnoid hemorrhage, other strokes, and venous thromboembolism. Smoking significantly increased risk of all four diseases, whereas oral contraceptive use was associated with an increase only in risk of subarachnoid hemorrhage and venous thromboembolism. Use of noncontraceptive estrogens was not associated with increased risk of any of these diseases. Hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, obesity, gallbladder disease, and nondrinking of alcohol were all associated with increased risk of myocardial infarction, whereas only hypertension and hypercholesterolemia were associated with increased risk of other strokes. Cigarette smoking was overwhelmingly the most important risk factor for vascular disease in women. Smoking should be considered a contraindication to oral contraceptive use, or at the very least, women wishing to use oral contraceptives should be strongly urged not to smoke. (<i>JAMA</i>242:1150-1154, 1979)
Alcoholic Diabetes
Authors: Gerald B. Phillips
Journal: JAMA (1971)

Two patients demonstrated diabetes after the consumption of alcohol. Neither showed abnormality in glucose tolerance when abstinent. When the two patients were given alcohol by mouth in addition to a diet, in doses of 266 and 285 ml, respectively, over one day, they developed glucose intolerance. Four apparently healthy volunteers were similarly challenged with alcohol. One of these developed glucose intolerance. The glucose intolerance after alcohol administration was associated with an increase in the insulin response to glucose and a delay in the attainment of the peak insulin concentration. The effect of alcohol could not be attributed to its caloric value or to increased secretion of glucocorticoid or growth hormone. Two of the three subjects who responded to alcohol with glucose intolerance had close relatives with diabetes.