tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Morphological Transformation in Vitro of Normal Human Fibroblasts by Chrysotile
Authors: L. B. Joseph, R. E. Stephens, A. C. Ottolenghi, P. D. Lipetz, H. A. I. Newman
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1983)

Pathologic response of tissue to asbestos in vivo gives rise to fibromatoma, granuloma and mesothelioma. We are attempting to develop a model system in vitro using human cells in order to investigate the possible mechanisms responsible for these pathologies. Within the first 12 hr of exposure to chrysotile, the fibroblasts showed distinctive morphological changes. Cells appeared elongated with occasional vacuolated nuclei and granular cytoplasm. Cells showed no other obvious morphological changes by light microscopy and were serially passaged at confluence. The cells with vacuolated nuclei were successfully serially passaged. Binucleated cells were first observed 48 hr after passaging. As time in culture increased (3 days to 2 weeks) many cells lost their distinctive bipolar properties and developed "stress striations" and multiple vacuoles in the cytoplasm. Multinucleated giant cells (2-11 nuclei/cell) with lobate nucleoli became more numerous. With increasing passages, the confluent cell density decreased and cell size increased. Cells usually had condensed nucleoli and had lost all control of directional growth. Preliminary indications suggest that these in vitro morphological transformations are due--at least in part--to a lack of control over cytokinesis.
Bovine somatotropin
Authors: D. S. Kronfeld
Journal: JAMA (1991)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The editorial<sup>1</sup>and Special Communication<sup>2</sup>about bovine somatotropin (bST) were partial and neglected genuine concerns about public health. The central threat of bST is depressed consumption of milk and dairy foods, for these are sources of calcium, riboflavin, lysine, and methionine, which are deficient in cereal grains. Diminished availability of dairy products through disruption of the dairy industry is likely to result from consumer reactions and from inability of farmers and veterinarians to cope with poor milk responses, infectious disease, and infertility,<sup>3</sup>rather than from a milk glut.<sup>1</sup> Contrary to assertions in the editorial and Special Communication, administration of bST does significantly change milk composition, mainly reflecting tissue utilization to make extra milk, such as an increase in long-chain fatty acids. One important exception is the increase in insulinlike growth factor I (IGF-I) to levels found usually in the first 2 weeks of
Hyperlipidemia Following Treatment With Antipsychotic Medications
Authors: Mark Olfson
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2006)

Objective: This study attempted to estimate the relative risk of developing hyperlipidemia after treatment with antipsychotics in relation to no antipsychotic treatment. Method: A matched case-control analysis was performed with pharmacy and claims data from California Medicaid (Medi-Cal). Patients were excluded if they were treated for medical disorders or prescribed medications known to increase their risk of hyperlipidemia. Cases were ages 18 to 64 years with schizophrenia, major depression, bipolar disorder, or other affective psychoses and incident hyperlipidemia. Cases were matched to up to six control subjects by age, sex, race, and psychiatric diagnosis. Both groups were prescribed either no antipsychotic medication or had two or more prescriptions for one and only one antipsychotic medication during the 60 days prior to the first indication of hyperlipidemia (cases) or matched index date (controls) in the billing record. Conditional logistic regressions were used to derive odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) of each antipsychotic medication in relation to no antipsychotic medication. Results: A total of 13,133 incident cases of hyperlipidemia were matched to 72,140 control subjects. As compared with no antipsychotic medication, treatment with clozapine (odds ratio: 1.82, 95% CI: 1.61–2.05), risperidone (odds ratio: 1.53, 95% CI: 1.43–1.64), quetiapine (odds ratio: 1.52, 95% CI: 1.40–1.65), olanzapine (odds ratio: 1.56, 95% CI: 1.47–1.67), ziprasidone (odds ratio: 1.40, 95% CI: 1.19–1.65), and first-generation antipsychotics (odds ratio: 1.26, 95% CI: 1.14–1.39), but not aripiprazole (odds ratio: 1.19, 95% CI: 0.94–1.52) was associated with a significant increase in risk of incident hyperlipidemia. Conclusions: These findings suggest that most commonly prescribed antipsychotic medications increase the risk of developing hyperlipidemia in patients with schizophrenia or mood disorders.
Atrioventricular block in a long-term dialysis patient. Reversal after parathyroidectomy
Authors: W. Dreher
Journal: JAMA (1975)

WITH THE advent of hemodialysis for patients with end-stage renal disease, medical complications not previously encountered, including advanced secondary hyperparathyroidism with resultant metastatic calcifications, have developed.<sup>1-6</sup>Cardiac calcifications have been reported previously as an autopsy finding, with some leading to refractory fatal cardiac arrhythmias.<sup>1-5</sup>Our patient had first-degree heart block, possibly as a result of metastatic cardiac calcification that completely reversed to normal sinus rhythm two months after a total parathyroidectomy. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 20-year-old man with end-stage renal disease secondary to chronic pyelonephritis and vesicoureteral reflux began hemodialysis treatments in July 1971. On Aug 2, 1973, he was admitted to the hospital for the revision of an arteriovenous fistula because of recurrent episodes of high-output cardiac failure. An electrocardiogram on Aug 3 demonstrated first-degree heart block with a PR interval of 0.24 seconds. The ventricular rate was 100 beats per minute, and there was evidence
Predicting the risk of gastrointestinal (GI) toxicity in early colon cancer (CC) patients treated with adjuvant chemotherapy: Developing a GI toxicity scoring system.
Authors: Gillian Gresham, Jasleen Sidhu, Navraj Malhi, Winson Y. Cheung
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

9627 Background: Baseline demographics and clinical factors may contribute to a patient’s overall risk for developing chemotherapy-related GI toxicity, such as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. We aimed to develop a simple GI toxicity scoring system to better stratify early CC patients who may be at higher risk of developing GI toxicity from adjuvant FOLFOX chemotherapy. Methods: Patients diagnosed with early CC from 2005 to 2008 and treated with FOLFOX at any 1 of 5 regional cancer centers in British Columbia were reviewed. GI toxicities of interest included: (1) nausea/vomiting, (2) diarrhea, and (3) any GI side effects. Baseline variables that were analyzed consisted of age, sex, ECOG, time to adjuvant chemotherapy (TTAC) and laboratory parameters. Stepwise regression was used to develop a multivariate model for each toxicity and a weighted risk scoring system was subsequently devised based on the magnitude of the parameter estimates in the multivariate model. Results: In total, 475 pts were included: median age was 62 years (range 26-89), 16% were aged >70 years, and 55% were men. The majority (90%) was ECOG 0/1. Independent predictors for nausea/vomiting included age >70 years (OR 2.46, 95%CI 1.3-4.8, p=0.01), GFR <50 (OR 1.68, 95% CI 1.1-2.7, p=0.02), and TTAC >8 weeks (OR 1.33, 95% CI 0.9-2.1, p=0.14) whereas independent predictors for diarrhea included age >70 years (OR 1.44, 95% CI 0.79-2.62, p=0.12) and GFR <50 (OR 1.67, 95% CI 1.1-2.6, p=0.02). The multivariate model for the risk of any GI toxicity included age >70 years (OR: 2.61, 95% CI 1.1-6.1, p=0.04), GFR <50 (OR 1.69, 95% CI 1.1-2.6, p=0.004), and TTAC >8 weeks (OR 1.79, 95% CI 1.2-2.7, p=0.006). Points were assigned: 2 points for long TTAC and poor GFR and 1 point for advanced age. The study cohort was classified into their risk groups based on their score (Table). Conclusions: We developed a simple 5-point scoring system to stratify early CC pts receiving adjuvant FOLFOX into low and high risk groups for GI toxicity based on baseline clinical factors. Validation of this scoring system is currently underway. Risk group Risk (%) of any GI toxicity P value Low risk (0-2 points) 44.7 0.0075 High risk (3-5 points) 59.4
FAMILIAL HYPERKALEMIC PARALYSIS WITH MYOTONIA
Journal: JAMA (1961)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Immunology
Authors: Robert A. Good
Journal: JAMA (1981)

To attempt to describe major advances in immunology in 1980 in a few words is to admit bias and forge ahead. Immunology is a surging fundamental discipline closely interactive with the clinic, and it is to be expected that fundamental advances will be quickly translated into improved understanding and treatment of disease. Perhaps the most important advance during 1980 has been the great strides toward understanding the "miracle" of immunology. This is the miracle that has been described by Sir Peter Medawar in the following terms: "It is important to remember that a rabbit yet unborn will be able to make antibody to an antigen not yet synthesized." Second, we have seen the harnessing of the new hybridoma technology for producing monoclonal antibodies to permit definition of human T-cell subpopulations. This same technology has permitted beginning analyses of cell-cell interactions and cellular differentiation in molecular terms, improved understanding of a
index to advertisers
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Atrioventricular conduction block caused by phenylpropanolamine
Authors: O. F. Woo
Journal: JAMA (1985)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> The case history described by Dr Dodds and those sent to us directly by other readers ofThe Journalsince publication of the article highlight the need for increased awareness of the entity by clinicians. The question as to the source of the enzyme and the stimulus for its brief hypersecretion is still unresolved. Unfortunately, details are not available in the references cited by Dr Dodds, as these consist of brief anecdotal case reports or collections of few cases. Their own authors state at times that their comments regarding the source of the enzyme and specific patterns are "speculation."<sup>1,2</sup>We cannot, therefore, draw definite conclusions about hyperphosphatasemia from the information available and can only confirm that its occurrence is benign.
TRAUMATIC RUPTURE OF THE BILE-DUCT.
Journal: JAMA (1900)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Organic N-Chloramines: Chemistry and Toxicology
Authors: Frank E. Scully, Maxwell A. Bempong
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1982)

The stability of aqueous solutions of organic N-chloramines, suspected of contaminating chlorinated water, has been studied. Two factors influence the decomposition of solutions of N-chloropiperidine and N-chlorodiethylamine: a spontaneous decomposition and photodecomposition. Since solutions of these compounds are relatively long-lived, a need for an analytical method for their identification is discussed. A new method is described which involves reaction of organic N-chloramines with arenesulfinic acid salts. The method gives high yields of stable arenesulfonamides. Several toxicological studies of N-chloropiperidine are described. The compound is mutagenic by Ames assay in Salmonella typhimurium strain TA 100 and does not require metabolic activation as indicated in a total body fluids analysis using C57BL/J6 mice. N-Chloropiperidine was subjected to a modified in vitro cell transformation assay using diploid fibroblast cells from Syrian hamster fetuses. A maximum number of foci of 4 per dish was observed at a seeding of 5 X 10(3) cells/60 mm dish. Under similar conditions, MNNG-induced foci ranged from 4 to 7 per dish.
SAT0135 Low Levels of CD36 in Peripheral Blood Monocytes in Subclinical Atherosclerosis in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Cross-Sectional Study of A Mexican Population
Authors: B.T. Martín-Márquez, E. Gomez, E. Martínez García, L. Nuñez Atahualpa, M. Figueroa Sanchez, A.D. Rocha Muñoz, J.I. Gámez Nava, L. Gόnzalez Lόpez, P. Sanchez Hernandez, A. Saldaña Millán, M. Vazquez Del Mercado
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <h3>Objective</h3> We aim at characterising the encoding of bladder pressure (intravesical pressure) by a population of sensory fibres. This research is motivated by the possibility to restore bladder function in elderly patients or after spinal cord injury using implanted devices, so called bioelectronic medicines. For these devices, nerve-based estimation of intravesical pressure can enable a personalized and on-demand stimulation paradigm, which will be more effective and efficient. In this context, a better understanding of the encoding strategies employed by the body might in the future be exploited by informed decoding algorithms that enable a precise and robust bladderpressure estimation. <h3>Approach</h3> To this end, we apply information theory to microelectrode-array recordings from the cat sacral dorsal root ganglion while filling the bladder, conduct surrogate data studies to augment the data we have, and finally decode pressure in a simple informed approach. <h3>Main results</h3> We find an encoding scheme by different main bladder neuron types that we divide into three response types (slow tonic, phasic, and derivative fibres). We show that an encoding by different bladder neuron types, each represented by multiple cells, offers reliability through within-type redundancy and high information rates through near-independence of different types. Our subsequent decoding study shows a potentially more robust decoding from mean responses of homogeneous cell pools. <h3>Significance</h3> We have here, for the first time, analysed the encoding of intravesical pressure by a population of sensory neurons in a principled way using information theory. We show that even a simple adapted decoder can exploit the redundancy in the population to be more robust against cell loss. This work thus paves the way towards principled encoding studies in the periphery and towards a new generation of informed peripheral nerve decoders for bioelectronic medicines.
National Health Service
Authors: J. A. F. Roberts
Journal: BMJ (1948)

The major in vivo metabolites of (--)-delta 7-tetrahydrocannabinol were extracted from the livers of mice after a single intraperitoneal dose and were examined by combined gas-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Twenty-six metabolites were identified; most of these appeared to be produced via epoxidation of the double bond, although the epoxides themselves were not detected. Major metabolites involved hydroxylation of the double bond, to give the isomeric 1 alpha- and 1 beta, 7-dihydroxyhexahydrocannabinols. Of these, the 1 alpha, 7-isomer was the major product and appeared to be produced by hydrolysis of 1 alpha, 7-epoxyhexahydrocannabinol. It was further oxidized to 1 alpha-hydroxyhexahydrocannabinol-7-oic acid. Rearrangement of the epoxide to the 7-aldehyde and subsequent reduction to either the 7-alcohol or oxidation to the 7-acid was another major metabolic route. Derivatives of all these metabolites, hydroxylated in the 2"-, 3"- and 4"-positions of the sidechain were also identified. Allylic hydroxylation, predominantly at position 6, was also observed, but this was a relatively minor route. Reduction of the double bond yielded the isomeric axial and equatorial hexahydrocannabinols in low yield.
G protein-coupled receptor systems involved in cell growth and oncogenesis
Authors: N. Dhanasekaran
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (1995)

Journal Article G Protein-Coupled Receptor Systems Involved in Cell Growth and Oncogenesis Get access N. Dhanasekaran, N. Dhanasekaran 1The Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology (N.D.), Temple University School of Medicine Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140; Division of Renal Medicine (L.E.H.), University of Colorado Medical School Denver, Colorado 80262; Division of Basic Sciences (G.L.J.), National Jewish Center for Immunology and Respiratory Medicine Denver, Colorado 80206 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Lynn E. Heasley, Lynn E. Heasley 1The Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology (N.D.), Temple University School of Medicine Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140; Division of Renal Medicine (L.E.H.), University of Colorado Medical School Denver, Colorado 80262; Division of Basic Sciences (G.L.J.), National Jewish Center for Immunology and Respiratory Medicine Denver, Colorado 80206 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Gary L. Johnson Gary L. Johnson 1The Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology (N.D.), Temple University School of Medicine Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140; Division of Renal Medicine (L.E.H.), University of Colorado Medical School Denver, Colorado 80262; Division of Basic Sciences (G.L.J.), National Jewish Center for Immunology and Respiratory Medicine Denver, Colorado 80206 *Address reprint requests to: Gary L. Johnson, Ph.D., Division of Basic Sciences, National Jewish Center for Immunology and Respiratory Medicine, 1400 Jackson Street, Denver, Colorado 80206. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Endocrine Reviews, Volume 16, Issue 3, 1 June 1995, Pages 259–270, https://doi.org/10.1210/edrv-16-3-259 Published: 01 June 1995
Clusters of differentiation 24 polymorphism and hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Yang Liu, Shengdian Wang, Fusheng Wang, Dongling Li, Linghua Zheng, Pan Zheng
Journal: Hepatology (2010)

We read with great interest the letter by Sheng and Shui. The data presented are consistent with our initial observation that the cluster of differentiation (CD)24 polymorphism associates with progression from chronic hepatitis B Virus infection to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).1 We also reported, in a transgenic model of HCC, that targeted mutation of the CD24 gene reduces the size of HCC in the mice. The compelling data by Sheng and Shui raised an import issue on the role for CD24 in HCC pathogenesis. Although we have not observed CD24 expression in HCC samples, recent work by Lee et al.2 suggests that CD24 is a marker for HCC stem cells and may play an important role in HCC stem cell function. It would be of great interest to determine whether the function of CD24 is to regulate adaptive3 and innate immune responses4 or HCC stem cell function2 or both. Yang Liu Ph.D.*, Shengdian Wang M.D., Ph.D. , Fusheng Wang M.D., Ph.D. , Dongling Li M.D. , Linghua Zheng Ph.D. , Pan Zheng M.D., Ph.D.*, * Departments of Surgery, Pathology, and Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China, PLA Hospital No. 301, Beijing, China.
The Diving Bell and the Butterfly
Authors: William A. Sodeman
Journal: JAMA (1997)

Memoirs about illness are many. An author who is thoughtful and perceptive can provide the physician with extraordinary insights into the disease process and its effects on the persona. When the author is also a professional writer, the document becomes compelling. If you have any contact with patients with locked-in syndrome,<i>The Diving Bell and the Butterfly</i>is such a compelling story. Locked-in patients have a central nervous system lesion in the high cord or brainstem. They cannot speak, breathe on their own, or move, yet they can see, hear, and think. Jean-Dominique Bauby's lesion was in the brainstem. He could communicate because he retained voluntary control over his left eyelid. An amanuensis sat by his bed and read through the alphabet. Bauby would blink at the desired letter. With infinite patience, he composed this book. Bauby was 43 at the time of his stroke. He was editor-in-chief