tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Johannes Müller (1801-1858) Anatomist, Physiologist, Pathologist
Journal: JAMA (1970)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Highlights
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2019)

Effect of Vasopressin on Need for Blood Products in Trauma 994Severe hemorrhagic shock is associated with a state of vasopressin deficiency and an increased need for blood products.In a single-center randomized clinical trial, Sims and colleagues investigated the outcomes of low-dose vasopressin on blood product use in 100 adult trauma patients who were in hemorrhagic shock.Vasopressin supplementation decreased blood product use by 1.4 L in the initial 48 hours of care without increasing complications.
CATARACT AND ULTRA-VIOLET LIGHT
Authors: S. Tibbles
Journal: BMJ (1928)

_~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~M EIA JORA incident light.1 Certainly when used in large doses ultra- violet liglht produces an intense conjunctivitis.But Dr.Hall uses the same agent on the skin, where with similar incautious dosage it produces an equally intense derm-iatitis.As for the " sting in the tail " of my letter, it was not
Urology
Authors: Fletcher H. Colby
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1950)

RECENT advances in urology include studies of the renal blood supply, the effects of renal ischemia, and investigations into the causes and treatment of renal insufficiency. Studies of the physiology of the ureter have shown how this organ reacts under varying conditions and have disproved many mistaken beliefs of the past. Advances also have been made in the operative management of certain lesions of the genitourinary organs.Renal Blood SupplyThe presence of more than one pathway for the circulation of blood within the kidneys has been considered a possibility since Bowman's studies of the renal circulation in 1842. Nonglomerular . . .
The Protonucleins.
Authors: A. C. Jackson
Journal: JAMA (1895)

Goshen, Ind., Nov. 8, 1895. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —I saw Dr. Summer's able and interesting paper, printed in theJournallast June, on the subject of the nucleins. And being interested in the study, I concluded to make the inclosed imperfect notes of a case treated with the protonuclein: Oct. 1, 1895, I was called to see a child aged 2 years, son of Mr. W. living in the country. The child had been sick one week under the care of other physicians. On examination, I found the following symptoms of cerebro-spinal meningitis, viz., high fever, irregular pulse, uneasy, with apparent pain, muscles of neck rigid, head drawn back, could not be raised without lifting the body, eyes staring, complete paralysis of both legs. Knowing full well the failures of all the old-time treatments in so grave a case, I determined on a new departure. I ordered 2 grains of
Abstract Criticism
Authors: Edward S. Murphy
Journal: JAMA (1961)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> I note with dismay that the section on "Abstracts from the Literature" now has page numbering which does not correspond to the regular pages ofThe Journal. I suppose this means that it will not be included in the index. If this is so, it is indeed one of the poorest decisions of the new editorial board so far. I judge from the theme of the editorials that there is universal joy in the editorial room for all of the changes initiated. I want you to know that it is not so among the readers. It is ridiculous to write again and again that we readers do not bind our journals. Here in Latin America everyone binds their journals, and one of the real pleasures in bindingThe Journalhas always been having an index to reviews of the current literature. If you insist on dropping something
The Beat
Authors: Erin E. Dooley
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2009)

In the United States, only coal-and oil-fired power plants must report.**Each country's PRTR differs in the types of activities required to report under this sector.Water supply, sewage treatment** (200) 6 % Transportation equipment mfg.(285) 3 % Oil and gas extraction (production)*** (137) 15 % Chemicals mfg.(451) 3 % Paper products mfg.(115) 2 % Primary metals mfg.(246) 6 % Petroleum products mfg.(40) 3 % Services/support activities: mining, quarrying, oil/gas extraction*** (50) 58 % Fabricated metals mfg.(282) 2 % Waste management and remediation services* (127) 2 % Electrical equipment mfg.(76) 10 % Plastics and rubber mfg.(57) 5 % Generation and distribution of electricity* (49) 10 % Mining and quarrying (except oil and gas)** (33) 69 % Transportation equipment mfg.(206) 3 % Chemicals mfg.(324) 3 % *Only hazardous waste/solvent recovery facilities must report.**Only coal-and oil-fired power plants must report.***Each country's PRTR differs
Harvey's Presentation
Journal: JAMA (1987)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
DMP—once discarded for toxicity— combats meningeal leukemia
Journal: JAMA (1973)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
CD28 costimulation independence of target organ versus circulating memory antigen-specific CD4+ T cells
Authors: Andrew P. Fontenot, Laia Gharavi, Sean R. Bennett, Scott J. Canavera, Lee S. Newman, Brian L. Kotzin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2003)

T cell receptor engagement with CD28 costimulation is generally required for naive T cell activation, whereas reactivation of memory cells is less dependent on CD28 costimulation. We studied this process in chronic beryllium disease, in which the frequency of antigen-specific CD4+ T cells in the lung is large and circulating antigen-specific cells are also detectable. In the lung, a large fraction of CD4+ T cells stopped expressing CD28 mRNA and protein, and this change in phenotype correlated with lung inflammation. In the presence of concentrations of CTLA-4Ig that inhibited the CD28-B7 interaction, beryllium-specific CD4+ T cells in lung were still able to proliferate and secrete IFN-γ in response to beryllium in culture. This functional independence of CD28 costimulation included lung CD28+ effector cells. Although lung CD4+CD28– cells retained the ability to secrete Th1-type cytokines in response to beryllium, they showed less proliferative capacity and were more susceptible to cell death compared with CD28+ T cells. In contrast to lung cells, inhibition of the CD28-B7 interaction markedly reduced responses of beryllium-specific T cells in blood. Taken together, these findings suggest transition within memory CD4+ T cells from CD28 dependence in central memory cells to functional independence and then loss of CD28 expression in effector cells.
Brain and pituitary angiotensin
Authors: J. M. Saavedra
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (1992)

Angiotensin(ANG II) was discovered about 50 yr ago (1, 2), and a complete peripheral system for the formation and metabolism of ANG II was soon characterized. It was named the renin-angiotensin system, based on the rate-limiting enzyme, renin, and the active principle, ANG II (3). In the classical peripheral RAS system, a precursor molecule, angiotensinogen (AOGEN), originates in the liver and is cleaved to the essentially inactive decapeptide angiotensin I (ANG I) by an aspartyl protease, renin, synthesized and released to the circulation mainly by the juxtaglomerular cells of the kidney. ANG I is converted to ANG II, the effector peptide of this system, by the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) (4). Circulating ANG II acts on high affinity ANG II receptors located in the vascular smooth muscle, zona glomerulosa of the adrenal gland, and kidney to produce vasoconstriction, aldosterone release, and sodium retention, respectively. Thus, the peripheral RAS is a hormonal system with important functions in the regulation of blood pressure and fluid homeostasis.
THALAMIC CHRONOTARAXIS
Authors: E. A. SPIEGEL, H. T. WYCIS, C. ORCHINIK, H. FREED
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1956)

After bilateral circumscribed lesions in the region of the dorsomedial and anterior thalamic nuclei, transitory confusion for time (chronotaraxis), frequently alone and sometimes combined with disorientation for place, was found. As a rule this disturbance lasted only a few days or weeks, but in one case half a year. The patients were confused regarding date, season of the year, and time of day. They misstated their age and that of their children. There was, in some instances, a tendency to overestimate, in others to underestimate, duration of time, such as the patient's stay in hospital or in his home. Usually the disturbances were associated with memory defects affecting recent as well as remote events. A combination with anosognosia or emotional changes occurred in some instances only. Sometimes, there was a discrepancy between the patient's feeling as to the passage of time and his judgment of it as obtained by intellectual processes. These latter observations seem to support the view that isolated disturbances of the immediate perception of duration do exist. Various circuits participate in the mechanism of temporal orientation, particularly connections of the dorsomedial nuclei with the frontal lobe and of the anterior nuclei with the mammillary body, and perhaps of the lateral nuclei with the parietal lobe. The significance of the connections of the anterior nuclei with the gyrus cinguli and of the intralaminar nuclei is doubtful. The multiplicity of the participating circuits explains that circumscribed lesions of single thalamic nuclei produce only transitory temporal disturbances.
Transactions of the American Orthopædic Association.
Journal: JAMA (1893)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract P090: Non-Hospital Factors Exacerbate Racial Disparities in In-Hospital Outcomes Among Patients with Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Alexander V Sergeev
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Background: Racial disparities in coronary artery disease (CAD) can worsen patient outcomes. While a number of studies have investigated racial disparities in CAD risk factors, the underlying mechanisms of racial disparities in the treatment outcomes in hospitalized CAD patients remain unclear. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that racial disparities in in-hospital CAD mortality are, at least partially, attributed to non-hospital factors that are external to quality of in-hospital care. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of in-hospital mortality in 9,128,116 hospitalized CAD patients (mean±SD age 72.4±13.0 years; 56.7% males) over a five-year time period. Multivariable logistic regression was used to obtain adjusted odds ratios (aOR) for in-hospital death in relation to patients’ race, adjusting for major clinical and demographic covariates. Results: A total of 349,688 deaths occurred among 9,128,116 hospitalized CAD cases (3.8% mortality). Mortality in patients admitted through the emergency department was higher than in non-emergency admissions (4.3% vs. 2.8%, p&lt;0.001). Deceased patients had more severe comorbidities than patients who were discharged alive: mean Elixhauser-Walraven comorbidity scores were 10.6±7.7 and 4.9±6.5, respectively (p&lt;0.001), with higher scores indicating a more severe comorbidity status. African Americans were more likely to experience an emergency admittance than any other racial group, with 79.8% of African Americans admissions being through emergency department, compared to 70.9% of Asians admissions and 70.3% of Caucasians admissions (p&lt;0.001, ANOVA with post-hoc analysis and correction for multiple comparisons). Asians had higher Elixhauser-Walraven scores (5.8±6.8) than African Americans (5.4±7.1) and Caucasians (5.0±6.5) (p&lt;0.01). However, when adjusted for multiple confounders, African Americans were less likely to die than patients of other races (aOR = 0.91, 95% CI 0.90-0.92, p&lt;0.001). Conclusion: Racial disparities in in-hospital mortality for CAD patients do exist. These disparities are attributed to several factors, including the non-hospital factors external to quality of in-hospital care, such as lack of access to a high-quality primary care resulting in emergency admissions with more severe forms of CAD and severe comorbidities.
Science and Sanity. An Introduction to Non-Aristotelian Systems and General Semantics
Journal: JAMA (1942)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Workshop to Identify Critical Windows of Exposure for Children's Health: Reproductive Health in Children and Adolescents Work Group Summary
Authors: Grace Kawas Lemasters, Sally D. Perreault, Barbara F. Hales, Maureen Hatch, Anne N. Hirshfield, Claude L. Hughes, Gary L. Kimmel, James C. Lamb, Jon L. Pryor, Carol Rubin, Jennifer G. Seed
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2000)

This work group report addresses the central question: What are the critical windows during development (preconception through puberty) when exposure to xenobiotics may have the greatest adverse impact on subsequent reproductive health?The reproductive system develops in stages, with sex-specific organogenesis occurring prenatally and further maturational events occurring in the perinatal period and at puberty.Complex endocrine signals as well as other regulatory factors (genetics, growth factors) are involved at all stages.Evidence from animal models and human studies indicates that many specific events can be perturbed by a variety of toxicants, with endocrine-mediated mechanisms being the more widely studied.Prioritized research needs include basic studies on the cellular-molecular and endocrine regulation of sexual differentiation and development; increased efforts regarding potential adverse effects on development in females, including breast development; expanded animal studies on different classes of chemicals, comparing responses during development (prenatal and postnatal) with responses in adults; and, more extensive explorations regarding the reproductive biology and toxicology of puberty in humans.
P13 Impact of ErbB Mutations on Clinical Outcomes in Afatinib- or Erlotinib-Treated Patients with SCC of the Lung
Authors: G. Goss, M. Cobo, S. Lu, K. Syrigos, K.H. Lee, E. Göker, V. Georgoulias, W. Li, D. Isla, J.M. Young, A. Morabito, S. Gadgeel, N. Gibson, N. Krämer, F. Solca, A. Cseh, E. Felip
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2018)
Positron-emission tomographic localization of abnormalities of brain metabolism in patients with minimal hepatic encephalopathy
Authors: A Lockwood
Journal: Hepatology (1993)

Many patients with compensated cirrhosis without overt hepatic encephalopathy have deficits in visualspatial perception, a condition we call minimal hepatic encephalopathy. Five patients with alcohol-induced cirrhosis and nine control subjects underwent positron-emission tomographic imaging of the brain with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose. Patients also underwent neuropsychological and clinical chemistry tests. The patients had mild arterial hyperammonemia (62 ± 13 μmol/L, range = 11 to 35 μmol/L) and other abnormalities typical of patients with cirrhosis. The patients' mean percentile scores on the digit symbol and block design subtests, from the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (revised), and Purdue pegboard test were 11 ± 7, 24 ± 7 and 7 ± 8 (right hand). Tests of vocabulary, memory, and new learning were normal. The technique of statistical parametric mapping was used to identify regions where cerebral 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake and metabolism were abnormal. We noted significant reductions in the cingulate gyrus, a center mediating attention, target analysis and response formulation and significant increases in visual associative regions subserving motion and color perception and object orientation. We suggest that minimal hepatic encephalopathy is due to a deficit in the detection and formulation of responses to visual stimuli, a function of the cingulate, which is a part of the anterior attentional system of the brain. Increases in 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose metabolism may be compensatory. These studies show that brain regions differ in their sensitivity to the agents that cause hepatic encephalopathy and that positron-emission tomography is useful in studying the pathophysiology of this disorder. (HEPATOLOGY 1993;18:1061-1068).