tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The science of limitations
Authors: J. A. Scott
Journal: JAMA (1981)

We shall know a little more than we do now. But the real nature of things, that we shall never know, never.<sup>1</sup> In the view of many scientists today, this seems a rather pessimistic prediction. We know much more than we did 20 years ago, and the most naive extrapolation suggests that we will know much more in another 20 years than we do now. Developments in science have so far outraced those in the humanistic fields that many people, perhaps especially scientists, expect that science itself will provide the answers to many of our current sociological problems. Of all areas of scientific research, the biomedical field has emerged at the forefront in the last two decades. From mechanical descriptions of organ function we have refocused our attention to the smallest constituents of the living cell, and this in the hope that what can be observed with the eye
Abstract 2624: Pre-clinical studies of a mutant p53 reactivating drug in pancreatic cancer
Authors: Xin Yu, Ashley T. Tsang, Zhe Li, Oliver S. Eng, Hongxia Lin, Murugesan Gounder, Darren R. Carpizo
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Pancreatic cancer therapy suffers from a lack of effective chemotherapy. TP53 is second only to Kras as the most commonly mutated gene in pancreatic cancer with point mutations occurring in 75% of patients. Recently, our laboratory identified ZMC1 as an allele specific p53 mutant reactivating compound. This compound selectively kills cancer cells that express the p53-R175H mutation by restoring wildtype structure and function to this mutant. It does not reactivate the DNA contact mutant, p53-R273H or p53-R248H. This established ZMC1 as a lead compound for mutant p53 targeted drug development. We are currently investigating the potential of ZMC1 as novel anti-cancer drug through pre-clinical studies in pancreatic cancer. Previously we reported the ZMC1 allele specificity in murine pancreatic cancer cell lines derived from the KPC mouse model expressing mutant KrasG12D and different alleles of TP53 (WT, null, p53R172H, p53R270H). We have investigated the pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) of ZMC1 in the KPC mouse model. Using LC/MS/MS we developed a sensitive assay for detection of ZMC1 in mouse plasma. We measured drug concentrations in mouse plasma and tumor tissues in different delivery routes and different dosages in the PK studies. We have developed a PD assay for ZMC1 with cleaved caspase-3 immunostaining with which we have tested several doses of ZMC1 and found that we detect activity of ZMC1 in KPCp53-R172H xenograft tumors while at the same time relatively no activity in KPCp53-R270H tumors. These same assays were also performed on KPC autochthanous tumors and again revealed activity of ZMC1 in the KPCp53-R172H mice. Efficacy studies in the KPCp53-R172H xenografts showed potent tumor growth inhibition at both intravenous (1mg/kg) and intraperitoneal (5mg/kg) dosing while no evidence of growth inhibition in KPCp53-R270H. Furthermore, ZMC1 extended the survival days from average 15 days to 26 days in the KPCp53-R172H mice but it was not significantly observed in the KPCp53-R270H mice. The tumor growth rate was also decreased in the KPCp53-R172H but not in the KPCp53-R270H mice. These studies indicated that ZMC1 is an allele-specific p53 mutant reactivating compound and holds promise for future applications in pancreatic cancer. Citation Format: Xin Yu, Ashley T. Tsang, Zhe Li, Oliver S. Eng, Hongxia Lin, Murugesan Gounder, Darren R. Carpizo. Pre-clinical studies of a mutant p53 reactivating drug in pancreatic cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 2624. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-2624
Epidermoid cyst of the cecum
Authors: B. L. Pear
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Epidermoid cyst of the cecum is rare. These sequestration cysts may be congenital or acquired. The congenital epidermoid cysts relate to inclusion of ectodermal elements at time of closure of the neural groove or when epithelial surfaces coalesce. Acquired epidermoid cysts are traumatic or iatrogenic in origin and are due to implantation of epidermis in locations favorable to growth. Since in both reported cases of epidermoid cyst of the cecum the patients had had an appendectomy at which time no cyst was found, implantation may have occurred at that time.
Factors influencing fatigue in breast cancer patients undergoing breast irradiation.
Authors: Edward Belk Perry, Sudhanshu Bharat Mulay, Jayesh Kamath, Robert J. Dowsett, Jacob Neuwirth, James Grady, Bruce Liang, Courtney Gold, Susan Tannenbaum
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

e20690 Background: We are conducting an exploratory, non-randomized, prospective study to investigate factors associated with radiation-induced fatigue in women with early breast cancer undergoing radiation therapy (RT) for breast conservation. Our hypothesis is that the fatigue associated with adjuvant RT is related to tissue damage by apoptosis and inflammation, and partially related to their baseline psychological profiles. This is the first study of which we are aware that attempts to correlate radiation-induced fatigue with inflammatory cytokines, biomarkers of apoptosis and psychological measures in this population. Methods: All subjects are assessed immediately before RT (T1), mid-point of RT (T2), end of RT (T3), 6 months (T4) and 1 year (T5) after completion of RT. Clinical evaluation of cosmesis, skin toxicity and laboratory parameters are performed. Fatigue, distress, depression, anxiety, sleep, energy level and pain are assessed at each time point using validated measures. Results: Twenty-four subjects (target 50) have been enrolled to date; 17 have completed T1-T3 and 11 have completed T1-T4. Our current population is predominantly white, not currently smoking, middle to upper-middle class, with a mean age of 60.5 (range 43-82). Four received prior chemotherapy: 2 adjuvant and 2 neoadjuvant. All received whole breast radiation; 82% had invasive disease. 53% of patients had past or current mental health issues: depression (41%) or anxiety (29%). Clinical scales for radiation toxicity showed expected changes at the end of treatment with 41% of patients having RTOG Acute Skin Toxicity 2 or 3. There appeared to be no change in cosmesis scores beyond that noted after surgery. 24% fell from ECOG 0 to 1 during RT. Sleep was more interrupted. More detailed measures revealed increases in breast pain and fatigue scores in 5 subjects, 3 of whom had increases in acute skin toxicity scores and a history of mental illness and 2 of whom had increases in caspase-1 p17 and hs-CRP. Most IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6 and IL-10 levels were undetectable. Conclusions: Radiation-associated fatigue was associated with a history of mental illness, acute skin toxicity, breast pain, and increases in some but not all biomarkers of inflammation and apoptosis.
A Health Workbook for College Freshmen: An Orientation Course in Personal, Home, and Community Hygiene
Journal: JAMA (1934)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstracts of Proffered Talks and Posters Presented at the 57th Annual Meeting of the Southwestern Chapter of the SNM
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2012)

Log in or Register Subscribe to journalSubscribe Get new issue alertsGet alerts Enter your Email address: Wolters Kluwer Health may email you for journal alerts and information, but is committed to maintaining your privacy and will not share your personal information without your express consent. For more information, please refer to our Privacy Policy. Subscribe to eTOC Secondary Logo Journal Logo All Articles Images Videos Podcasts Blogs Advanced Search Toggle navigation Subscribe Register Login Articles & Issues Current IssuePrevious IssuesPublished Online First Collections ACNM MeetingsCMECommunication in OrganizationCOVID-19Feedback and RewardsFrom the American College of Nuclear MedicineHighly Cited and Frequently Read ArticlesPlanning and Conducting Meetings EffectivelyQuality and Safety in Health CareRecruitment of New PhysiciansTips for Giving a Memorable PresentationTips for LeadersTips for Physicians in Getting the Right Job ACNM ArticlesACNM Website For Authors Submit a ManuscriptInformation for AuthorsLanguage Editing ServicesAuthor PermissionsLippincott&#174; Preprints Journal Info About the JournalEditorial BoardAdvertisingOpen AccessSubscription ServicesReprintsRights and Permissions All Articles Images Videos Podcasts Blogs Advanced Search
Illness
Authors: Fred Charatan
Journal: BMJ (2004)

conditions, but the question of whether it makes a difference to the ultimate outcome is still unanswered.Minimally invasive techniques and improved imaging coupled with novel strategies to prevent preterm labour will probably make a wider range of therapeutic interventions possible.Rapid advances in genomics and proteomics and stem cell research will also make the in utero treatment of some genetic conditions possible.The challenge for the future is to apply the explosion of knowledge in basic science and the advances in technology rationally with a clear understanding of achievable goals.
Abstract 2114: Co-delivery nanoparticle to overcome therapeutic resistance in human head and neck cancer promoted by insufficient Src-targeted treatment
Authors: Liwei Lang, Chloe Shay, Xuli Wang, Yong Teng
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Head and neck cancer (HNC) exhibiting resistance to molecular-targeted therapeutics poses a challenge to their effective clinical management and alternative treatment strategies are actively sought to improve results. Src is commonly hyperactivated in HNC cells and has been implicated as an oncogenic driver in the development and progression of HNC. Unfortunately, the clinical benefit is dampened significantly in HNC patients because only a small fraction of patients respond positively to Src-targeted treatment, and many develop drug resistance. Here, we demonstrate that the addition of AKT blockade in Src-targeted treatment may prevent activation of alternative signaling pathways to bypass the Src inhibition in HNC cells. The combination of Src and AKT inhibitors significantly suppressed HNC growth more efficiently than either drug alone. However, the properties and pharmacokinetics of two inhibitors required a novel approach to optimal delivery into the same tumor cells. To address this, we developed novel tumor-targeting nanoparticles to selectively co-deliver Src and AKT inhibitors to the tumor site in an orthotopic mouse model of HNC. This nanotherapeutic modality significantly improved the efficacy of tumor repression, which was mainly attributed to the highly specific tumor-targeted drug delivery system and synergistic anticancer effect by co-inactivation of AKT and Src. The results of this study will enable us to take a major step toward addressing the urgent need for single drug resistance and failure, and strongly impact on the development of clinically acceptable therapeutics to combat HNC. Citation Format: Liwei Lang, Chloe Shay, Xuli Wang, Yong Teng. Co-delivery nanoparticle to overcome therapeutic resistance in human head and neck cancer promoted by insufficient Src-targeted treatment [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 2114.
Hippocrates' Home
Authors: William C. Gibson
Journal: JAMA (1966)

If there is one thing which unites the several million physicians of the world, it is true veneration for Hippocrates. He is almost universally referred to as "the father of medicine," and yet we tend to regard him as wholly distant from us in time, in the primitive nature of his medical knowledge, and in geography. How wrong and absurd this is I was to discover in a visit to his home in Greece during September of 1965. From reading, before and after my visit, I am convinced that Hippocrates' clinical outlook is more "modern" than ours in some ways. I now know that his native island of Cos (or Kos) is but an hour from Athens by plane, that Athens is about an hour from Rome by jet, that Rome is but a few hours from America. I returned home convinced that Cos offers the world's best tourist bargain
A cautionary note on market reforms in health care
Authors: E. Ginzberg
Journal: JAMA (1995)

IN DECIDING not to act on the Clinton health reform proposals in September 1994, Congress voted against an enlarged role for the federal government in health care. But that action did not suggest, much less confirm, its satisfaction with the status quo or its indifference to rapidly rising health care expenditures, growing numbers of the uninsured, and the presence of considerable waste and fraud. In the ensuing months the American public has been informed by a growing number of interested parties that "the market" will achieve many, if not all, of the reforms that President Clinton had earlier identified as health system priorities. Economists have always favored reliance on the market to achieve productivity gains, a predilection that is shared by the new Republican majority and by the corporate executives of managed care companies, old and new, that ascribe their growing profitability to the virtues of the market. In short,
Editorial Board
Authors: J Allergy, James Kemp, Gail Shapiro, San Diego, William Busse, Stephen Wasserman, Gary Rachelefsky, Robert Bush, Lanny Rosenwasser, Thomas Fischer, Hugh Sampson, New York, Clifton Furukawa, Seattle Wa, Michael Schatz, Gailen Marshall, William Shearer, Robert Nathan, Colorado Springs
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2000)
Age limits of cytology for cervical cancer
Authors: R. N. Grant
Journal: JAMA (1968)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> In its educational materials to the public, the American Cancer Society recommends annual checkups which include the pap smear for all adult women. When the Papanicolaou technique first began to be used for screening women to detect asymptomatic uterine cancer, it was started with older women; but, as time has passed, the age for the procedure has been lowered to include younger women because of the large number of cases of cervical cancer occurring in younger women. In fact, recent reports of cancer of the cervix occurring in women under age 20 in some communities of the South in which early maturity and mating occurs have pointed out the need for not arbitrarily eliminating any age group which has some susceptibility to cervix cancer from having the benefits of early diagnosis. Accordingly, we have encouraged all women, regardless of age, to have the protection of a cervix
The Medical Bulletin Visiting List or Physician's Call Record.
Journal: JAMA (1889)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Survey of knowledge of and awareness about melanoma--United States, 1995. From the Center for Disease Control and Prevention
Journal: JAMA (1996)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Effects of a structured exercise program on physical activity and health-related fitness in colon cancer survivors: One year feasibility results from the NCIC CTG CO.21 (CHALLENGE) trial.
Authors: Kerry S. Courneya, Janette L. Vardy, Christopher J. O'Callaghan, Christine Friedenreich, Kristin L. Campbell, Harry Prapavessis, Jennifer J Crawford, Patti O'Brien, Haryana M. Dhillon, Derek J. Jonker, Neil Sun Chua, Sasha M. Lupichuk, Michael Susmoy Sanatani, Sharlene Gill, Ralph M. Meyer, Stephen Begbie, Antonino Bonaventura, Matthew E. Burge, Dongsheng Tu, Christopher M. Booth
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

3621 Background: There is strong interest in testing lifestyle interventions to improve cancer outcomes, however, the optimal methods for achieving behaviour change in large scale pragmatic trials is unknown. In this context, we report the 1 year feasibility results for behaviour change in NCIC CTG CO.21 Colon Health and Life-Long Exercise Change (CHALLENGE) Trial. Methods: Between 2009 and 2014, the CHALLENGE Trial randomized 273 high risk stage II and III colon cancer survivors who had recently completed chemotherapy at 50 centers in Canada and Australia to a structured exercise program (SEP; n = 136) or health education materials (HEM; n = 137). The primary feasibility outcome in an a prior defined interim analysis was a difference between randomized groups of ≥ 5 metabolic equivalent task (MET) hours/week in self-reported recreational physical activity (PA) once a minimum of 250 participants had reached 1 year. Secondary feasibility outcomes included cardiorespiratory fitness, body weight and circumferences, and objective physical functioning. Results: The SEP group reported an increase from baseline to 1 year in self-reported recreational PA of 15.6 MET hours/week compared to an increase of 5.1 MET hours/week in the HEM group (between group difference = +10.5 [95% CI = +3.1 to +17.9]; p = 0.002). The SEP group also improved relative to the HEM group in predicted VO2max (p = 0.068), 6 minute walk (p < 0.001), 30 second chair stand (p < 0.001), 8 foot up and go (p = 0.004), and sit and reach (p = 0.08). Conclusions: The behaviour change intervention in the CHALLENGE Trial produced a substantial increase in self-reported recreational PA that met the feasibility criterion for trial continuation, resulted in objective fitness improvements, and is consistent with the amount of PA associated with improved colorectal cancer outcomes in observational studies. Clinical trial information: NCT00819208.
In Brief
Authors: Elana Hayasaka
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2005)

Study Finds No Best PSA Value for Decision to BiopsyFor the popular prostate cancer screening test that measures prostate-specifi c antigen (PSA), no specifi c value exists that is sensitive enough to detect cancer cases but not yield a high rate of false positives, according to a new study published in the July 6 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association.Researchers used data from the placebo group of the Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial (PCPT), in which 18,882 men over the age of 55 were randomly assigned to receive either fi nasteride or a placebo, to determine the relationship between PSA value and prostate cancer risk.They looked at PSA levels for 8,575 men in the placebo group and modeled the effect of various PSA cutoff points.They found that using the value of 4.1 ng/mL as the cutoff point to fl ag the need for a prostate biopsy resulted in the detection of only 20.5% of cancer cases.Moreover, it produced a 6.2% false-positive rate.In trying to improve the rate of detection, the researchers then modeled the use of a PSA value of 1.1 ng/mL.Use of this value successfully detected 83.4% of cancer cases but subjected 61.1% of those fl agged to an unnecessary prostate biopsy.The authors tried several other possible PSA values, but each involved a trade-off between sensitivity/successful detection and false-positive rates.They conclude that no single value can predict cancer risk.Instead, they suggest a continuum of prostate cancer risk across all values of PSA.
A Dictionary of Practical Medicine, by Various Authors.
Journal: JAMA (1891)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal