tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Inappropriate use of fresh-frozen plasma
Authors: H. A. Oberman
Journal: JAMA (1985)

Over the past decade hospitals throughout the United States have experienced a dramatic increase in utilization of freshfrozen plasma (FFP). Since this has paralleled a corresponding increase in transfusion of packed red blood cells in relation to whole blood, it may be inferred that much of the FFP is being transfused as a volume expander, rather than as a source of clotting factors or plasma proteins. Use of plasma in this manner not only increases the cost of transfusion, but also increases the risk of transfusion-transmitted disease. Therefore, the recent Consensus Development Conference on this subject, convened by the National Institutes of Health and reported in this issue ofThe Journal,<sup>1</sup>was both timely and appropriate. The conference concluded that there was "little scientific evidence to support the increasing use of FFP," especially as a volume expander, as there are safer products that will achieve the same effect. While
Sulfobromophthalein
Authors: Robert M. Charm
Journal: JAMA (1967)

The sodium sulfobromophthalein (Bromsulphalein) test (BSP) in the nonjaundiced patient remains today as one of the best and most sensitive indicators of liver dysfunction. It is not, however, useful in the differential diagnosis of jaundice since bilirubin competes with the dye for removal by the liver. When the dye is injected intravenously, most of it is taken up by the liver cells, stored, conjugated, and finally excreted in the bile. An abnormal retention of sulfobromophthalein represents, therefore, a disturbance of one or more of these functions. A decreased blood flow to the liver will also lead to an increased retention of the dye. An insignificant quantity of the sulfobromophthalein is absorbed from the small intestine and transported back to the liver—the so-called enterohepatic circulation. The technique is as follows: 5 mg of dye per kilogram of body weight is injected intravenously. In the calculation of the number of cubic centimeters
Measurement of Myocardial Blood Flow With Positron Emission Tomography Before and After Transmyocardial Laser Revascularization
Authors: Ornella Rimoldi, Sharon M. Burns, Stuart D. Rosen, Trevor E. Wistow, Peter M. Schofield, Gordon Taylor, Paolo G. Camici
Journal: Circulation (1999)

Background —Transmyocardial laser revascularization (TMLR) has been proposed for treatment of refractory angina. It has been hypothesized that transmural left ventricular channels created by laser improve myocardial blood flow (MBF) in the treated zones. We aimed to assess the effect of TMLR on MBF and coronary vasodilator reserve (CVR). Methods and Results —We measured MBF by means of PET with 15 O-labeled water in 7 patients with refractory angina, Canadian Cardiovascular Society (CCS) class 3.6±0.5, on 3 occasions: before and at 7.5±2.8 weeks (FU-1) and 34.6±4.7 weeks (FU-2) after TMLR performed with a synchronized, high-powered CO 2 laser. In each study, MBF was measured at rest and during maximal intravenous dobutamine. CVR was computed as dobutamine divided by resting MBF. After TMLR, CCS class was 2.2±1.7 at FU-1 and 2.4±1 at FU-2 ( P =0.04 versus pre-TMLR). Resting MBF in both lasered and nonlasered regions was unchanged after TMLR. Dobutamine MBF at baseline was 1.45±0.52 and 1.55±0.52 mL · min −1 · g −1 in lasered and nonlasered regions, respectively ( P =NS). At FU-1, dobutamine MBF in nonlasered regions had increased significantly to 1.89±0.82 mL · min −1 · g −1 ( P &lt;0.05) and was higher than in lasered regions (1.51±0.61 mL · min −1 · g −1 ; P &lt;0.05 versus nonlasered). At FU-2, dobutamine MBF in nonlasered regions was still higher than in lasered regions (1.56±0.54 versus 1.21±0.44 mL · min −1 · g −1 ; P &lt;0.01). CVR was comparable in nonlasered and lasered regions at baseline and FU-1, whereas it was higher in nonlasered regions at FU-2 (1.86±0.67 versus 1.53±0.72 mL · min −1 · g −1 ; P &lt;0.05). Conclusions —TMLR has been shown to reduce angina in severely diseased patients. The results of our study do not support the hypothesis that the symptomatic benefit of TMLR can be ascribed to improved myocardial perfusion or CVR in lasered areas.
Archives of Pathology, Chicago
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Carcinoembryonic antigen in patients with different cancers
Authors: G. Reynoso
Journal: JAMA (1972)

Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is a cancer-specific antigen described by Gold in 1965. It is a glycoprotein present in malignant entodermal tissues, in fetal colonic mucosa, and in the plasma of patients with gastrointestinal tract cancers. We have measured plasma CEA levels in 346 patients using a new procedure which detects an ion-sensitive antigenic site in the carcinoembryonic molecule. Levels in 39 of 48 patients with gastrointestinal tract cancer and 90 of 281 with nonentodermally derived malignancies were abnormal. Following successful therapy CEA level returns to normal (colon, four of four; neuroblastoma, three of three). The identity between the antigen measured in the present study and the carcinoembryonic antigen of Gold has not been established. The assay appears to be useful in the follow-up of patients with cancer and may eventually be of diagnostic value in the asymptomatic patient.
A fellowship program to advance teaching of the basic sciences in foreign medical schools
Authors: A. H. Islami
Journal: JAMA (1990)

Advancement in world health requires physicians who are well grounded in the basic medical sciences. To strengthen education in the biosciences in foreign medical schools, especially those in economically deprived countries, the Educational Commission for Foreign Medical Graduates introduced a fellowship program in 1983. Awards are made annually to 12 to 14 foreign bioscience teachers who, under tutelage of preceptors in US medical schools, broaden their knowledge and enhance their pedagogical skills. To date, a total of 97 fellows from 69 schools in 32 countries have received awards to study under 69 preceptors in 52 US schools. Assurance that these foreign teachers return home after their 1-year fellowships has been addressed through a number of incentives and safeguards. Based on information from those who have completed their fellowships and from their foreign deans, this program is meeting its objectives. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1990;263:3306-3308)
Correction
Authors: Ling Li, David Masica, Masaharu Ishida, Ciprian Tomuleasa, Sho Umegaki, Anthony Kalloo, Christos Georgiades, Vikesh Singh, Mouen Khashab, Stuart Amateau, Zhiping Li, Patrick Okolo, Anne-Marie Lennon, Payal Saxena, Jean-Francois Geschwind, Todd Schlachter, Kelvin Hong, Timothy Pawlik, Marcia Canto, Joanna Law, Reem Sharaiha, Clifford Weiss, Paul Thuluvath, Michael Goggins, Eun Shin, Haoran Peng, Vivek Kumbhari, Susan Hutfless, Liya Zhou, Esteban Mezey, Stephen Meltzer, Rachel Karchin, Florin Selaru
Journal: Hepatology (2014)
Criteria for evaluating a ban on the advertisement of cigarettes. Balancing public health benefits with constitutional burdens
Authors: L. O. Gostin
Journal: JAMA (1993)

THE American Medical Association has long recommended a ban on promotional advertising of cigarettes, as has a broad range of public health organizations.<sup>1</sup>The tobacco industry, in an uneasy alliance with civil libertarians and the media, argues that a ban would violate the constitutional right to free expression. The debate has been bitter and vehement, impeding adequate examination of the complex public health and constitutional questions engendered by such a policy. In this article, we offer criteria for evaluating a national ban on tobacco advertising. First, we explore modern case law to determine whether the Supreme Court, applying the commercial free speech doctrine, would uphold a ban. Second, we critically evaluate existing empirical claims about the nature and impact of tobacco advertising on smoking behavior. Third, we assess the unique aspects of the cigarette as a consumer product to see whether it can be distinguished from other hazardous products.
Diseases of Children for Nurses Including Pediatric Nursing, Infant Feeding, Therapeutic Measures Employed in Childhood, Treatment for Emergencies, Prophylaxis, and Hygiene.
Journal: JAMA (1930)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Journal of General Physiology, Baltimore
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
TENDONS: TIME TO REVISIT INFLAMMATION?
Authors: J D Rees, M Stride, A Scott
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2013)

It is currently widely accepted that chronic tendinopathy is caused by a degenerative process devoid of inflammation. Current treatment strategies have focused on physical treatments including eccentric exercises, peritendinous injections of blood or blood products and interruption of painful stimuli. Results have been at best moderately good and at worst a failure. The evidence for degeneration alone as the cause of tendinopathy is surprisingly weak. There is compelling evidence that inflammation is a key component of chronic tendinopathy. Newer anti-inflammatory modalities provide alternative potential opportunities in treating chronic tendinopathies and should be explored further.
Fatal Respiratory Diphtheria in a U.S. Traveler to Haiti—Pennsylvania, 2003
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Respiratory diphtheria can be severe or fatal in unvaccinated persons; even with appropriate treatment, 5%-10% of patients with diphtheria die. For >50 years, vaccination against diphtheria has been recommended for children and adults in the United States. Persons who are unvaccinated or vaccinated inadequately can contract diphtheria during travel to areas where the disease is endemic, putting them and their close contacts at risk for severe illness. This report describes fatal respiratory diphtheria in an unvaccinated Pennsylvania resident who had visited Haiti, a country where the disease is endemic. The case highlights the need for all international travelers to be up-to-date with all recommended vaccinations, including a primary series of diphtheria toxoid-containing vaccine.
Home ventilation
Authors: A.K. Simonds
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2003)

Home ventilation is a growth area. Rapid expansion during the 1990s was stimulated by the development of noninvasive ventilation (NIV) via a mask and the recognition that an increased number of patient groups can benefit. Although patients receiving NIV in the home outnumber those receiving invasive ventilation via tracheostomy, there is substantial variation in practice between European countries. Evidence that individuals who develop ventilatory failure as a consequence of chest wall disease or stable neuromuscular disease such as old poliomyelitis benefit from nocturnal NIV is overwhelming. Patients with progressive neuromuscular disease such as Duchenne muscular dystrophy and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis can also derive prolongation of life, palliation of symptoms and an improvement in quality of life. Home ventilation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients remains controversial. Multicentric randomised controlled trials of long-term oxygen therapy (LTOT) versus NIV plus LTOT in COPD have produced mixed results, although certain subgroups, e.g. those with recurrent infective exacerbations requiring short-term NIV, patients aged >65 yrs, and those with uncontrolled hypercapnia on LTOT or symptomatic nocturnal hypoventilation, may benefit. At the other end of the age spectrum, children as young as a few months can be successfully treated with noninvasive ventilation. Most work on paediatric home ventilation centres on children with congenital neuromuscular disease. Pressure preset bilevel ventilators are now the dominant form of ventilator in adults and children. Discharge planning is vital for the home ventilator patient and a sensible risk management strategy should be in place.
Erratum for the Research Article: “Complex effects of inhibiting hepatic apolipoprotein B100 synthesis in humans” by G. Reyes-Soffer, B. Moon, A. Hernandez-Ono, M. Dionizovick-Dimanovski, J. Jimenez, J. Obunike, T. Thomas, C. Ngai, N. Fontanez, D. S. Donovan, W. Karmally, S. Holleran, R. Ramakrishnan, R. S. Mittleman, H. N. Ginsberg
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2016)
Prevalence of alcohol and other drug problems among physicians
Authors: J. M. Brewster
Journal: JAMA (1986)

Extreme statements regarding the prevalence of problems with alcohol and other drugs among physicians have often been made without firm empirical support. The data that are available can be categorized as follows: license and disciplinary actions, known or registered addicts, mortality rates, hospital admissions and treatment populations, and surveys of selected groups of physicians. Because of difficulties in interpreting each type of data, it must be concluded that the prevalence of drug problems among physicians is unknown. A previously unpublished survey of Ontario physicians found that the proportion who have been treated for problems with alcohol and other drugs is not greater than that in the general population. Indeed, when alcohol and other drugs are considered together, physicians may not be unusually likely to have such problems. (<i>JAMA</i>1986;255:1913-1920)
From the NIH. New antiviral drugs--elimination of costly and invasive techniques enhances need
Journal: JAMA (1979)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Asthmatic deaths. Role of the mast cell
Authors: J. T. Connell
Journal: JAMA (1971)

The number of mast cells in the bronchial walls of patients who died of asthma was compared to that in walls of nonasthmatic patients. Mast cells are normal components of bronchial wall and contain chemical mediators which can cause changes in bronchial muscle tone and glandular secretion. Physiological amounts of mediator released by normal stimuli may constitute a local homeostatic mechanism for control of some bronchial functions. Unphysiological quantities released by abnormal stimuli could cause bronchospasm, secretion, and edema leading to obstruction typical of that found in asthma. Degranulated mast cells cannot be identified in tissue sections. There were fewer mast cells in bronchi of patients who died of asthma than in those of nonasthmatic patients, which suggests that marked degranulation of mast cells occurred, and is one mechanism associated with the pathophysiology of asthma.
THE NEW YORK MEDICAL LEAGUE.
Journal: JAMA (1897)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Metabolic Activation and Lung Toxicity: A Basis for Cell-Selective Pulmonary Damage by Foreign Chemicals
Authors: Michael R. Boyd
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1984)

The lungs may be exposed to potentially toxic metabolites that are either formed in situ or which are present in the circulation. Therefore, pulmonary injury may be a prominent effect of certain classes of chemicals that undergo bioactivation in the body. The specific types of lung cells damaged may depend upon factors such as preferential exposure or accumulation of parent compounds and/or metabolites, differences in cellular defense mechanisms, or the specific mechanism of activation of the toxicant. Prior knowledge about the metabolism, disposition and mechanism of bioactivation of a particular compound may allow prediction of the type of lung cell damage it is likely to produce. Conversely, morphological observations of characteristic types of cell-specific injury in the lung may suggest a likely biochemical mechanism of toxicity for the particular chemical involved.
Sclerodermalike Esophageal Disease in Children of Mothers With Silicone Breast Implants
Authors: Wendy Anne Epstein
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Breast-feeding benefits mother and infant. Drs Levine and Ilowite<sup>1</sup>concluded that a relationship appears to exist between breast-feeding by mothers with silicone implants and abnormal esophageal motility. This report is flawed both ethically, by lack of disclosure, and scientifically, by drawing unsubstantiated conclusions. A September 3, 1992, letter from M. Jacobs, PhD, of the FDA was sent to CATS corporation director J. Russano. Two of the six affected children in the study by Levine and Ilowite are Russano's. CATS, working with Levine, is gathering data to conduct studies on children of mothers with silicone breast implants. It is not a support group. The FDA letter reviewed a CATS questionnaire to be sent to women with silicone implants inquiring about their children's health. The FDA advised CATS to "gear" questions in order to obtain information pointing toward "unusual diagnoses" such as "esophageal dysmotility that then could be
Physical Inactivity—
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal