tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A “super-year” for the environment
Authors: None The Lancet Planetary Health
Journal: The Lancet Planetary Health (2020)

As we enter a new year and decade, it is natural to reflect on past progress and goals for the future. It's not surprising then that 2020 is shaping up to be a critical year in establishing ambition for climate and biodiversity action. There is much optimism and anticipation that this year could be a turning point in our relationship with nature, leading to the notion of 2020 being a "super year" for the environment. But this will only happen through conscious effort, if we drift on as we are, it will be far from super for people or the planet.
Section of Practice of Medicine and Materia Medica of the American Medical Association
Journal: JAMA (1884)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Addition of Nonauthor Collaborator Names of the WHIST Trial
Authors: Soleil Shah, Amol Navathe, Robert Kocher
Journal: JAMA (2021)

Matthew L. Costa, PhD; Juul Achten, PhD; Ruth Knight, PhD; Julie Bruce, PhD; Susan J. Dutton, MSc; Jason Madan, PhD; Melina Dritsaki, PhD; Nick Parsons, PhD; Miguel Fernandez, PhD; Richard Grant; Jagdeep Nanchahal, PhD; WHIST Trial Collaborators; Peter Hull; Simon Scott; David Melling; Javed Salim; Hemant Sharma; William Eardley; Peter V Giannoudis; Jitendra Mangwani; Andrew Riddick; Paul Harnett; Edward Mills; Mike (R) Reed; Ben J Ollivere; Xavier L Griffin; Mark D Brinsden; Ravichandran Karthikeyan; Benedict A Rogers; Peter Bates; Haroon Majeed; Damian McClelland; Sharad Bhatnagar; Caroline B Hing; Rajarshi Bhattacharya; Usman Butt; George Cox; Khitish Mohanty; Mateen Arastu; Paul Harwood; Alex L Sims; Brett Rocos; Ian Baxter; Tanvir Khan; Paul M Guyver; Siddhant Kapoor; Michalis Kaminaris; Edward Massa; Richard Unsworth; Robert Jordan; Tarek Boutefnouchet; Laura Beddard; Graham Lawton
Withdrawal of a drug from the market. What should the prescriber do?
Authors: J. E. Goyan
Journal: JAMA (1993)

In this issue ofTHE JOURNAL, Ross-Degnan et al<sup>1</sup>present a fascinating analysis of the effect of the withdrawal of zomepirac sodium from the market. They note that zomepirac prescribers, faced with withdrawal of the drug from the market, switched, not only to other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, but surprisingly to propoxyphene (hydrochloride or napsylate) and barbiturate-containing analgesics. These drugs carry risks that arguably are as serious as those of zomepirac. Based on those findings, they suggest that the risks posed by substituted products be considered before making a decision to withdraw a drug from the market. Although an appealing theoretical concept, it seems unlikely that such a suggestion is of any practicable use. To understand the basis for this statement, it may be instructive to review the bases on which drugs have been withdrawn from the American marketplace in the past 30 years. The largest number of drug products
Abstract 446: Plasma genome sequencing identifies prostate cancer patients that are sensitive to platinum-based therapy
Authors: Naveen Ramesh, Emi Sei, Pei Ching Tsai, Christopher Logothetis, Paul Corn, Ana Aparicio, Amado J. Zurita, Nicholas E. Navin
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) is a lethal disease. A subset of these patients present with atypical clinical characteristics and aggressive disease behavior. These patients, classified as Aggressive Variant Prostate Cancer (AVPC), may derive benefit from platinum-based chemotherapy. However, the identification of AVPC patients is often challenging due to heterogeneity in clinical presentations and potentially in biological drivers, which may not be fully reflected in a biopsy obtained from a single tumor site. To address these challenges, we developed an unbiased genome sequencing method called PEGASUS (Plasma Exome and Genome Analysis by Size-Selection and Unbiased Sequencing) that enables the simultaneous detection of copy number aberrations and exome mutations from circulating-tumor DNA (ctDNA). We applied this method to plasma specimens obtained from 160 CRPC patients with and without AVPC participating in a randomized trial of cabazitaxel alone or in combination with carboplatin. We were able to successfully isolate ctDNA (&amp;gt;2 ng) for genomic profiling using PEGASUS in 91/160 (57%) CRPC patients. Among these 91 CRPC patients, we detected common prostate cancer mutations as well as genomic copy number changes in genes such as RB1, PTEN and TP53 and several other genes associated with DNA repair. One of the most salient features that distinguished the patients’ outcomes was whether they had diploid or aneuploid genomes detected by whole genome profiling of the ctDNA. Patients with aneuploid ctDNA had worse progression-free and overall survival. Overall, our data shows the feasibility of performing whole-genome and exome profiling of ctDNA in CRPC patients to characterize the molecular features associated with distinct clinical presentations. Candidate markers associated to benefit from platinum-based chemotherapy are being evaluated. These results pave the way for future clinical applications in biomarker discovery to assist treatment decisions in prostate cancer patients. Citation Format: Naveen Ramesh, Emi Sei, Pei Ching Tsai, Christopher Logothetis, Paul Corn, Ana Aparicio, Amado J. Zurita, Nicholas E. Navin. Plasma genome sequencing identifies prostate cancer patients that are sensitive to platinum-based therapy [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 446.
Table of Contents
Authors: Christos Mantzoros, Dick Chan, Gerald Watts, Filip Larsen, Martin Anderson, Björn Ekblom, Thomas Nyström, Kokoro Tsuzaki, Kazuhiko Kotani, Yoshiko Sano, Shinji Fujiwara, Irene Gazi, Moses Elisaf, Naoki Sakane, Giacomo Zoppini, Carlo Negri, Vincenzo Stoico, Stefano Casati, Isabella Pichiri, Enzo Bonora, Sen He, Si Wang, Xiaoping Chen, Lingyun Jiang, Yong Peng, Longxin Li, Liyan Wan, Kaijun Cui, Stefano Tedeschi, Elisabetta Pilotti, Elisabetta Parenti, Vanni Vicini, Pietro Coghi, Alberto Montanari, Giuseppe Regolisti, Enrico Fiaccadori, Aderville Cabassi, Kuppan Gokulakrishnan, Kaliyaperumal Velmurugan, Sivamani Ganesan, Viswanathan Mohan, Masaru Sakurai, Koshi Nakamura, Katsuyuki Miura, Toshinari Takamura, Katsushi Yoshita, Yuko Morikawa, Masao Ishizaki, Teruhiko Kido, Yuchi Naruse, Yasushi Suwazono, Shuichi Kaneko, Satoshi Sasaki, Hideaki Nakagawa
Journal: Metabolism (2011)
Phalangeal metastases from bronchogenic carcinoma
Authors: A. Vaezy
Journal: JAMA (1978)

BONE metastases are common in bronchogenic carcinoma, but the occurrence of metastases to small bones of the hands and feet is relatively rare.<sup>1</sup>It is particularly unusual for such metastases to be responsible for the presenting complaint of a patient with lung cancer. We recently encountered two patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the lung; one had symptoms referrable to such peripheral bone metastases, and one had symptoms simulating gout. <h3>Report of Cases</h3><h3>Case 1. —</h3> A 52-year-old man was admitted to the hospital with a two-month history of painful swelling of his right ring finger. For several weeks he had experienced intermittent fever and chills. He had experienced a chronic cough and dyspnea during exertion for a number of years. He had smoked three packs of cigarettes per day for 35 years and had traveled extensively, including a visit to parts of southwestern United States within the past
Mechanisms of secretion and absorption
Authors: Jenkins Sa, R Kingsnorth, Anion Secretion, I Mammalian
Journal: Gut (1992)

Recent studies have indicated that somatostatin is a safe effective treatment for the control of acute variceal haemorrhage (AVH).Since SMS a synthetic analogue of somatostatin is relatively inexpensive compared to the naturally occuring hormone, the aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of SMS with injection sclerotherapy (IS) in the control of AVH.Forty consecutive patients admitted with endoscopically proven severe AVH were randomised to either IS or a continuous infusion of SMS (50ug/h) for 48 hours.The aetiology of the portal hypertension was similar in the two groups as was the distribution of the patients among the categories of the Child's classification.Twenty patients received SMS and twenty IS.Overall control of bleeding was achieved in 18/20 patients receiving SMS and 18/20 patients randomised to IS (p = 0.70 Fischer's Exact Test).SMS was equally effective as IS in controlling AVH in patients with mild, moderate and severe disease and those actively bleeding at the time of their diagnostic endoscopy.Mortality was not significantly different between the two groups of patients.The results of this trial suggest that SMS is: 1) a safe and effective stop-gap treatment for the control of AVH and 2) may be as efficacious as IS although at this stage a type 2 error cannot be excluded.
Warm up
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2000)

Warm upWhere we are, how we do it, where we are going, and what others do.This issue sets out to create a benchmark in education.With many important recent developments in sports medicine education in the UK, we invited experts to address some of the current issues, look at methods of delivery, and give a vision of the future.To put these developments in context we present snapshots from Finland, Canada, Germany, and Australia (pages 235-244).The final stage of our educational odyssey is a survey of teaching in undergraduate medical schools (page 244) and a short paper describing the qualities required in a sports medicine specialist (page 243).Elsewhere in this issue, we look at common sporting topics from unusual angles.Running and relaxation seem to fit well together but research into runners who practise relaxation techniques is unexpected (page 268).Osteoporosis and oestrogen are often linked but examining bone mineral density and testosterone in male runners is a new
Swimmers' Ears
Authors: J. A. Lack
Journal: BMJ (1974)

One of the oldest questions in epilepsy is whether seizures are a cause or a result of brain damage. Animal data have provided us with insights into the relationship between seizures and subsequent brain damage. It is now recognized that seizures can be caused by brain injury and that, in certain conditions, can cause brain damage. Whether seizures result in brain damage depends on a number of variables, including age of the animal, seizure type and duration, etiology of the seizures, and genetic substrate on which the seizures occur. Seizures lasting for hours can cause injury to the brain regardless of whether they are generalized or focal in onset. The cell loss that occurs after the seizure is secondary to excessive excitability, with seizures causing massive depolarization of neurons leading to excessive glutamate release. This glutamate release results in increased intracellular calcium, causing a cascade of changes that ultimately result in cell death. Hypoxia and ischemia can exacerbate the injury. However, even in animals that are well ventilated and oxygenated, prolonged seizures can lead to cell loss and subsequent reorganization of synaptic networks. Although prolonged seizures at any age can result in cell loss, the immature brain fares much better than the mature brain with regard to cell loss after a prolonged seizure. Evidence that prolonged seizures result in neuronal loss is firmly established. It is less clear how detrimental recurrent seizures are. Although cell loss and synaptic reorganization have been reported in recurrent seizure models, such as kindling, it is generally modest compared to status epilepticus. When seizure-induced changes do occur, the pathologic patterns in the brain differ from those in status epilepticus.
OVER-EATING BY THE POOR.
Journal: JAMA (1906)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
HAS VACCINATION ANY THERAPEUTIC EFFECT?
Journal: JAMA (1894)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstracts
Journal: JAMA (1992)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Date of Graduation.
Journal: JAMA (1925)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract P289: Therapist-Based and Robot-Assisted Physical Training Have Differential Effects on Motor Control of Upper Limb and Quality of Life after Chronic Stroke
Authors: Ching-yi Wu, Li-ling Chuang, Ming-De Chen, Yu-ting Chen, Keh-chung Lin
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Introduction: Compensatory strategies for stroke-related motor impairment may cause a pattern of disuse that might limit the improvement of upper limb (UL) motor function, and incomplete UL motor recovery might detrimentally impact quality of life. Previous studies showed that bilateral arm physical training (BAT) can improve UL function after stroke and improves trunk stabilization. However, it remains uncertain that whether BAT can reduce trunk compensation during reaching. Furthermore, there is no study investigating therapist-guided bilateral arm training (TBAT) versus robot-assisted bilateral arm training (RBAT). Hypothesis: We tested the hypothesis that TBAT and RBAT, compared with control treatment (CT), would result in the better outcomes on movement control in the affected UL and less trunk compensation in reaching tasks and would improve quality of life. In addition, TBAT and RBAT may have differential effects on motor control and quality of life. Methods: Forty-two community dwelling chronic stroke survivors (54 years old; 18 months after stroke) were randomized to TBAT (N=14), RBAT (N=14), or CT (N=14) groups. Each group received a 90- to 105-minute training session, 5 days/week, for 4 weeks. The TBAT participants practiced a variety of bilateral functional tasks with each arm simultaneously under one-on-one supervision of therapists. In the RBAT, the robot-assisted arm trainer, Bi-Manu-Track, was introduced. The CT group involved some conventional therapeutic activities on the paretic arms, unilateral and bilateral fine motor tasks, and compensatory practice on functional tasks. Outcome measures consisted of kinematic analyses for motor control in unilateral and bilateral reaching tasks, and the Stroke Impact Scale for quality of life. Results: The kinematic results indicated that the TBAT group experienced better temporal efficiency and smoothness in unilateral reaching than the CT group. The TBAT group demonstrated less compensatory trunk movement than the CT or RBAT groups in both unilateral and bilateral tasks. In contrast, the RBAT engendered a larger improvement in shoulder flexion than the other groups. The RBAT demonstrated improved quality of life than the CT group characterized by better strength, physical function, and total scores of Stroke Impact Scale. Conclusions: TBAT and RBAT engendered differential effects on outcome measures than CT. TBAT may have better results on temporal efficiency, smoothness, and trunk control. In contrast, RBAT may experience the improved shoulder flexion and quality of life.
Drugs for asthma: mast-cell stabilisers.
Journal: BMJ (1981)

phosphodiesterase-inhibiting properties,' and more recently functional SRS-A antagonism.2The clinical relevance of these properties is the subject of further investigation.Ketotifen was shown early in its development to inhibit antigen-induced bronchospasm in man when given orally.3This encouraged further clinical development, leading to other controlled trials, now reported4-9 (also by Carrasco et al at 11th International Congress of Allergology, Jerusalem, 1979), as well as the one cited'' in the review.The majority of trials, particularly the long-term studies, demonstrate efficacy for ketotifen in com- parison with placebo or other agents.4-10
HOUT-09. USING THE ASCO AND ESMO FRAMEWORKS TO ASSESS THE CLINICAL VALUE OF TUMOR TREATING FIELDS FOR NEWLY DIAGNOSED GLIOBLASTOMA MULTIFORME
Authors: Justin Kelly, Christina Proescholdt, Oliver Bähr
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2018)

The effectivity and safety of TTFields in newly diagnosed GBM was recently demonstrated by the final analysis of the large, randomized controlled EF-14 Trial. To capture the clinical value of new cancer treatments, the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) and the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) have both developed assessment frameworks. We quantified the clinical value of the TTFields treatment in GBM by applying ASCO and ESMO frameworks to the EF-14 trial data. MATERIALS/ The EF-14 Trial (n=695) proved the effect of adding TTFields to maintenance temozolomide (TMZ) for newly diagnosed glioblastoma patients. The ESMO Magnitude of Clinical Benefit Scale (MCBS) and the ASCO Net Health Benefit (NHB frameworks provide separate calculations for adjuvant therapies and treatments for advanced diseases. We applied both classifications to the EF-14 trial data as required by the framework rules. Quality of life data from the EF-14 Trial was also included. Additionally, we identified reference points from the literature to understand the NHB and MCBS results for TTFields in GBM. Applying the ASCO framework to the EF-14 data resulted in a NHB score of 56/62 (adjuvant/advanced). Those were among the highest scores identified in the literature search. Additionally, the ASCO framework valued the reduction in cancer-related symptoms (e.g., pain, weakness of legs) with TTFields. Applying the ESMO framework resulted in MCBS scores of A/5 (adjuvant/advanced), which are the highest scores achievable in the ESMO framework. The ESMO framework valued the Health Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) gain during deterioration-free survival time with TTFields. Both the ASCO and ESMO frameworks suggest, that adding TTFields to maintenance TMZ for newly diagnosed glioblastoma patients provides patients with significant clinical benefits. The high scores underline the fact, that treatment with TTFields extended progression free and overall survival without additional systemic toxicities.