tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The value of total‐body skin examinations for skin cancer
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2020)

Skin cancer is the most common cancer in the United States, where this research took place, affecting up to 4.9 million people every year.Dermatologists sometimes look at all parts of a patient's skin (a total-body skin exam) during visits to see if patients have skin cancers.While this a common practice for patients who have had skin cancer before, if you go to a dermatologist with a non-cancer complaint like acne, some doctors will look at all of your skin while others will only look at the parts that you are concerned about.In this study, the authors look at the amount of money and time it would take to do total-body skin exams on patients at low-risk of skin cancer who come to the doctor for non-skin cancer related reasons.They found that performing these exams on older patients with light skin tone is more likely to identify skin cancers than on younger patients with darker skin.Based on this information, targeting older patients for routine total-body skin exams is a better use of physician and patient time.The authors examined data from a previously published study that examined skin cancer detection among patients presenting to a dermatologist for a focused complaint to determine the value of skin cancer screening in these patients.The results showed that there was higher likelihood of skin cancer detection among older patients and patients with lighter skin tone.
Effects of formaldehyde on the mucous membranes and lungs. A study of an industrial population
Authors: E. P. Horvath
Journal: JAMA (1988)

One hundred nine workers and 254 control subjects were studied to evaluate the effects of formaldehyde on the mucous membranes and lungs. A modified, respiratory symptom questionnaire and spirometry were administered to all study participants before and after their work shift, and formaldehyde levels were determined for each test subject. Over the course of the monitored work shift, test subjects demonstrated a dose-dependent excess of irritant symptoms and a statistically significant decline in certain lung function parameters. Analysis of test and control subject data combined revealed a correlation between formaldehyde exposure and these pulmonary changes. Baseline spirometry values were not significantly different between test and control groups, and formaldehyde-exposed workers did not report an excess of respiratory symptoms. Formaldehyde is a dose-dependent irritant of the eyes and mucous membranes at low-level exposures. It can exert a small, across-shift effect on airways but after a mean exposure of ten years does not appear to cause permanent respiratory impairment. (<i>JAMA</i>1988;259:701-707)
Primary anorectal actinomycosis
Authors: N. S. Brewer
Journal: JAMA (1974)

Nine cases of actinomycosis primarily involving the anorectal region have been seen at the Mayo Clinic since 1950. Complete healing may be expected once the correct diagnosis is made, on the basis of the characteristic clinical manifestations and laboratory identification of the organism, and proper antimicrobial and surgical therapy is administered. (<i>JAMA</i>228:1397-1400, 1974)
ORAL HYPOGLYCEMIC AGENTS IN DIABETES
Journal: JAMA (1962)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Erratum
Journal: Diabetes Care (1995)

tolerance test (OGTT).Individuals with a diabetic OGTT and those with a normal OGTT based on World Health Organization criteria were selected at random.In the cohort of diabetic patients, individuals with marked insulinopenia were excluded (e.g., those with slow IDDM and rapid-onset NIDDM).The diabetic cohort consisted of 96 NIDDM patients, and the nondiabetic control group consisted of 94 individuals.DNA was isolated from peripheral blood and examined for the presence of the Gly 40 -Ser mutation in the glucagon receptor gene according to the procedure of Hager et al (3).In these two groups, no carriers of the mutant allele were detected.This finding indicates that if the glucagon receptor variant is present among Dutch diabetic patients, its gene frequency is much lower than in France and Sardinia.To examine the possibility that the glucagon receptor mutation is associated with an insulinopenic diabetic subtype, a third group of 126 randomly selected insulin-using diabetes patients was examined.No carriers were found.Since we were unable to detect the mutation in two diabetic groups from the Netherlands comprising a total of 222 di-abetic individuals, we conclude that the Gly 40 -Ser mutation in the glucagon re-
HYDRIATRICS IN THE PROPHYLAXIS AND TREATMENT OF PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS.
Journal: JAMA (1900)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Medical News
Journal: JAMA (1977)

<h3>Activation of complement plays part in reaction to contrast media</h3> Adverse reactions to radiographic contrast media have been occurring for a long time. Now scientists are beginning to find out why. The work of several different research teams in the past year has shown that activation of the serum complement system is a major—though not necessarily the only—factor in such toxic reactions. Reactions to contrast media—often derivatives of triiodobenzoic acid—may involve urticaria, flushing, nausea, and vomiting. Most reactions are slight and are alleviated by corticosteroids. Serious reactions occur in perhaps one of 10,000 patients. Complement is considered the primary humoral mediator of antigen-antibody reactions. The classical complement pathway is believed to consist of 11 different proteins comprising nine factors—C1 through C9—that activate one another in a cascading fashion. An alternative complement pathway intersects the system at C3, bypassing Cl, C2, and C4. The pathways can be activated by immune
Highlights
Journal: JAMA (2016)

Among older adults who sustain an unstable ankle fracture, functional outcomes after surgical fi xation or traditional plaster casting are often unsatisfactory.In a randomized trial involving 620 adults aged 60 years or older with an acute, unstable ankle fracture, Willett and colleagues compared patient outcomes after close contact casting-a molded below-knee cast with minimal padding-with outcomes after immediate surgical fi xation.The authors report that compared with surgery, close contact casting resulted in similar functional outcomes at 6 months.In an Editorial, Sanders discusses outcomes of close contact casting vs surgery for unstable ankle fractures.
Factors associated with failure to link people who inject drugs to HCV care and treatment: results from a community-based seek-test-treat program in Athens, Greece (ARISTOTLE HCV-HIV)
Authors: Vana Sypsa, George Kalamitsis, Evangelos Cholongitas, Spyridon Savvanis, Nikolaos Papadopoulos, Athina Chounta, Andreas Kapatais, Panagiota Ioannidou, Melanie Deutsch, Spilios Manolakopoulos, Vasilis Sevastianos, Maria Vasiliki Papageorgiou, Ioannis Vlachogiannakos, Maria Mela, Ioannis Elefsiniotis, Spiros Vrakas, Dimitrios Dimitroulopoulos, Fani Ploiarchopoulou, Dimitrios Karagiannakis, Sotiris Roussos, Panos Iliopoulos, Savvas Chaikalis, Dimitrios Paraskevis, M. Psichogiou, George Papatheodoridis, Angelos Hatzakis
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2020)
Physicians and the Olympics
Authors: J. P. Koplan
Journal: JAMA (1984)

The Summer Olympic Games were last held in the United States in 1932, in Los Angeles. During the past 52 years, athletic performances have improved, and the composition of the Games has changed. The public, including physicians, have become increasingly interested in sports. And the ability of health professionals to prevent and treat sports-related injuries has greatly improved, and exercise as a health-promoting activity has become more widely accepted. Evidence of the growing interest and concern of the medical community in the medical aspects of sport and exercise is provided by our participation in professional organizations and our literature. In 1954, the American College of Sports Medicine had 11 members; in 1983, there were 10,421 members, about a third of whom were physicians. Since 1930, the number of scientific journal articles pertaining to sports, fitness, and exercise has increased three times faster than the total number of medical articles and
Colorectal Cancers
Authors: Blake Cady
Journal: JAMA (1975)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The location of large bowel cancers cited by DePeyster in a recent article (231:643, 1975) represents incidence figures of many years ago, as noted by the dates of his two references (1952 and 1955). Colorectal cancers in the United States are shifting in a statistically significant fashion to more proximal levels. This was demonstrated in a study recently reported<sup>1</sup>and in other studies from a variety of geographic areas.<sup>2-7</sup>An epidemiologic model for such a change in location has been described by Haenszel and Correa.<sup>8</sup>Thus, currently, nearly 25% of colorectal cancers occur in the cecum and ascending colon, only one third of rectal cancers are palpable by finger examination, and about one half of colorectal cancers will be visualized by sigmoidoscopy presently; there is every indication that this upward movement of cancers will continue or even accelerate. The implications of these figures are
J. George Adami, Vice-Chancellor of the University of Liverpool 1919-1926, Sometime Strathcona Professor of Pathology McGill University, Montreal: A Memoir.
Journal: JAMA (1930)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Mucoid impaction of the bronchus
Authors: S. S. Braman
Journal: JAMA (1973)

Mucoid impaction of the bronchus is a distinct clinical entity characterized by the presence of roentgenographically visible, mucus plugs in the segmental and subsegmental bronchi of one or more lobes of the lung. There are characteristic clinical and roentgenologic features of this disease that allow diagnosis in most cases. Failure to recognize these features has often resulted in a misdiagnosis of a pulmonary neoplasm or unresolved pneumonia. Recognition of the disease is essential since effective medical therapy is now available. Four cases of mucoid impaction of the bronchus illustrate these features.
Patient engagement in the design of a randomised trial of proton beam radiotherapy versus photon radiotherapy for good prognosis glioma
Authors: James R Powell, Louise Murray, Neil Burnet, Sharon Fernandez, Lucy McParland, Daniel O’Hara, Zoe Lingard, Gillian Whitfield, Susan C Short
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2019)

Abstract Introduction UK Neuro-Oncologists and multidisciplinary colleagues are developing one of the first randomised clinical trials of proton beam radiotherapy(PBT) to compare quality of life(QOL), cognitive function and other late effects in adults with good prognosis glioma following either PBT or photon radiotherapy. The feasibility of running randomised studies with PBT is an important consideration, particularly in respect of participants’ views of a randomised design requiring treatment at national centres. We sought patient and carer engagement on our proposals to ensure we incorporate their views. Methods To explore these issues, we invited patients who had previously completed radiotherapy for oligodendroglioma and their carers to attend a focus group in Manchester in November 2018. Fifteen participants attended. We sought views on our trial proposal through small group discussions centred around 5 questions, led and facilitated by neuro-oncologists, a research radiographer, neuro-psychologist and statistician. Results Participants strongly endorsed the trial proposal and positively highlighted the opportunity to access PBT within a clinical trial and the group recognised and supported the need for randomisation and stated this should be 1:1. Patients disliked some traditional terminology such as ‘trial’ and ‘neurocognitive tests’ and preferred ‘research study’ and ‘neurocognitive assessments’. Patient and carers expressed the need for careful consideration of issues around travel and accommodation during PBT away from home. Interestingly, participants considered that standard QOL questionnaires fail to address some important areas reflecting daily wellbeing. Conclusion We acknowledge and will now incorporate these important patient and carer observations to strengthen our study and add validity to the key study endpoints.
A bipolar story
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Selection bias, however, was discussed in 14 reviews, 10 of which did not report or were unclear about the method of selection of patients.So, though many reviews discussed different types of bias, they did not always provide the information that would enable a reader to assess the risk of bias.In our sample we found the quality of reviews completed for the purpose of clinical guidelines was poor, with worrying implications if these are the reviews guiding clinical practice.Reviews of diagnostic tests would be better carried out separately from the preparation of clinical guidelines. ConclusionsSystematic reviews of diagnostic tests are complex and require reporting of detailed information about the design, conduct, and results of the included primary studies to ensure reviews are useful.We have shown the current poor quality of published reviews and indicated areas for improvement.
THE HOUSING PROBLEM.
Journal: JAMA (1907)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Morality of Transplantation-Reply
Authors: Carl Cohen
Journal: JAMA (1991)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> — According to Tetrault, alcoholics do not deserve equal consideration for donor livers because they are morally bad; they can seek help and recover but choose not to. Continued heavy drinking (say our critics) is therefore a moral failing. This universal condemnation is not just. For some heavy drinkers no help was ever available; for others, the help available was ineffective or became available too late. We think medical penalties for moral failings are inappropriate, but to clump all alcoholics into one class for such penalties is surely ham-handed, much too blunt to be fair. Even if most moral failings ought not to be considered in allocating organs, argues Tetrault, alcohol abuse should be considered because alcoholics "as a group" cause enormous social damage. They do, but so do other groups. Illegal drug users, those engaging in promiscuous sex, and other wrongdoers whose habits have very bad consequences
A Correction
Journal: BMJ (1909)

THE DESTRUCTION OF FLIES.JOHANNESBURG.-It is more or less useless attacking flies in their adult stages, for they are no sooner destroyed than others come and take their place.The only effectual measure is to abolish their breeding places, which, in the case of flies that come into -houses, are manure heaps or smaller faecal coliections.In dealing with towns this must be seen to by
SULPHURING FRUITS AND VEGETABLES.
Journal: JAMA (1892)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
House Call
Authors: Gregory C Kane
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2011)

On Being a Doctor15 November 2011House CallGregory C. Kane, MDGregory C. Kane, MDFrom Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, PA 19107.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-155-10-201111150-00014 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail I first met Marie several years ago. She was already into her 80s and had chronic lung disease. Her daughter, with whom she lived, hoped I could restore her strength and help with episodes of worsening cough, phlegm production, and shortness of breath. My evaluation confirmed bronchiectasis, and together we assembled a plan for successfully managing flares with regular bronchodilator therapy and intermittent antibiotics.A few years after I met Marie, her grandson was getting married in the South and we worked to get her ready for the trip. We arranged for oxygen and prepared contingency plans—she did great. In ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, PA 19107.Note: Names and some details have been altered for patient privacy.Corresponding Author: Gregory C. Kane, MD, Department of Medicine, Jefferson Medical College, 1022 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107; e-mail, gregory.[email protected]edu. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 November 2011Volume 155, Issue 10Page: 717KeywordsBronchodilatorsComaDyspneaEmotionsLungsNursesOxygenRespirationThoraxVital signs ePublished: 15 November 2011 Issue Published: 15 November 2011 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2011 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
Authors: Dennis T. Crowe
Journal: JAMA (1986)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In reading the "Standards and Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) and Emergency Cardiac Care (ECC),"<sup>1</sup>I have found two points that were particularly disturbing and would like to bring them to your attention. In the guidelines it discusses cough CPR and states that "self-induced CPR is possible; however, its applications are limited to clinical situations in which the patient has a cardiac monitor." I feel this statement seriously limits the lifesaving potential of this technique. As the quality assurance director of the Northeast Georgia Medical Services Council and instructor in our training programs for advanced emergency medical technicians (EMTs), I am aware of several instances wherein cough CPR was effective in maintaining consciousness in arrested patients in their homes while EMTs were responding to the call. None had cardiac monitoring being performed at the time. In these instances the EMT answering the call for help (where