tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A new method to monitor Kupffer cell phagocytosis continuously in perfused rat liver
Authors: P Ganey
Journal: Hepatology (1991)

A new method was developed to monitor Kupffer cell phagocytosis continuously in perfused liver using a fluorescent probe, rhodamine-gelatin, synthesized from gelatin and rhodamine isothiocyanate. In perfused rat liver, phagocytosis by Kupffer cells was assessed both by uptake of the dye and from fluorescence measured from the liver surface. Uptake of rhodamine-gelatin and surface fluorescence (520 → 585 nm) increased as perfusate concentrations of rhodamine-gelatin were elevated. Histological examination revealed that fluorescence caused by rhodamine-gelatin was concentrated in cells lining the sinusoid. Furthermore, when hepatic parenchymal, endothelial and Kupffer cells were isolated by centrifugal elutriation after pretreatment in vivo with rhodamine-gelatin, the fluorescent label was detected nearly exclusively in the Kupffer cell fraction. Fluorescence of rhodamine-gelatin from the liver surface was directly proportional to uptake of rhodamine-gelatin, indicating that measurement of surface fluorescence could be used as an index of phagocytic activity of Kupffer cells. Uptake of rhodamine-gelatin and fluorescent labeling of sinusoidal cells were inhibited nearly completely by dextran sulfate, which decreases phagocytic activity, and were increased by about 50% by pretreatment with endotoxin, which stimulates phagocytosis. This new method was combined with standard procedures to monitor parenchymal cell function (e.g., oxygen uptake and release of lactate dehydrogenase), Kupffer cell phagocytic activity and parenchymal cell injury simultaneously during perfusion with the hepatotoxicant allyl alcohol. Activation of phagocytosis by Kupffer cells monitored by rhodamine-gelatin fluorescence occurred within 5 min of addition of allyl alcohol. On the other hand, parenchymal cell injury, assessed from release of lactate dehydrogenase, did not begin until 40 min and reached maximal values at around 90 min. Thus stimulation of Kupffer cell phagocytic activity preceded parenchymal cell injury during exposure to allyl alcohol. Moreover, parenchymal cell injury caused by allyl alcohol was enhanced by pretreatment with endotoxin, suggesting that release of toxic mediators from Kupffer cells participates in the mechanism of toxicity caused by allyl alcohol. This new method makes it possible to monitor function and viability of Kupffer and parenchymal cells simultaneously during exposure to toxic agents in perfused liver. (HEPATOLOGY 1991;13:567–574.)
In utero paternity testing following alleged sexual assault. A comparison of DNA-based methods
Authors: H. A. Hammond
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To compare DNA typing by both variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods to determine the utility of each for prenatal paternity testing following sexual assault. To consider ethical issues of limiting prenatal paternity studies. <h3>Design.</h3> —Criterion standard. <h3>Setting.</h3> —Prenatal diagnostic clinic after determination of pregnancy following an alleged sexual assault. <h3>Subjects.</h3> —Ten prenatal paternity cases accepted during a 5-year period. <h3>Intervention.</h3> —DNA-based paternity testing. <h3>Main Outcome Measure.</h3> —Inclusion or exclusion of paternity by consensual partner. <h3>Results.</h3> —In all cases DNA typing using the PCR-based method provided the same conclusion as that from VNTR-based data. High probabilities of paternity were reported with both methods. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —DNA typing with PCR using short tandem repeat loci provides a reliable method for quickly determining paternity in prenatal cases. The ethics of providing paternity testing in the context of sexual assault is discussed. The issue of providing prenatal paternity testing in consensual relationships is considered. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1995;273:1774-1777)
Books Received
Authors: David A. Boetcher
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1975)

Journal Article Books Received Get access David A. Boetcher, M. D. David A. Boetcher, M. D. Wheaton, Maryland 20902 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 54, Issue 4, April 1975, Page 1016, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/54.4.1016 Published: 01 April 1975
Nebulizer Used for Bedside Flame Photometer
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Defining the group A streptococcal toxic shock syndrome. Rationale and consensus definition. The Working Group on Severe Streptococcal Infections
Authors: Robert F. Breiman, Jeffrey P. Davis, Richard R. Facklam, Barry M. Gray, Charles W. Hoge, Edward L. Kaplan, Edward A. Mortimer, Patrick M. Schlievert, Benjamin Schwartz, Dennis L. Stevens, James K. Todd
Journal: JAMA (1993)

GROUP A streptococcus (<i>Streptococcus pyogenes</i>) may cause a variety of illnesses ranging from very common, usually clinically mild conditions such as pharyngitis and impetigo to less common severe infections including septicemia and pneumonia. In 1987, Cone et al<sup>1</sup>described two patients with severe group A streptococcal infections having clinical features similar to the staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome. This syndrome, designated the "streptococcal toxic shock—like syndrome" or the "toxic streptococcal syndrome,"<sup>2</sup>was further characterized by Stevens et al<sup>3</sup>in a series of 20 patients. Most patients included in this series were less than 50 years old and otherwise healthy. All had invasive group A streptococcal infections characterized by signs including shock, multi—organ system involvement, and rapidly progressive, destructive soft-tissue infection (necrotizing fasciitis). The case-fatality rate was 30% even though most patients received appropriate antimicrobial therapy, supportive care, and, where necessary, surgical débridement. Ten available isolates were serotyped and
Nephropathia Epidemica
Authors: Matti Saari
Journal: JAMA (1977)

We report epidemiologic, clinical, laboratory, and biopsy findings in 14 cases of nephropathia epidemica. The patients were between 19 and 49 years of age. The onset of the disease was characterized by high fever, nausea, headache, backache, abdominal pain, proteinuria, oliguria, hematuria, and uremia. The symptoms subsided rapidly during the polyuria phase, which followed the oliguria stage. Because of renal failure, hemodialysis was required in eight cases. Edema of eyelids, conjunctival injection and hemorrhages, transitory myopia, and acute glaucoma were the most common eye abnormalities. Renal biopsy specimens showed glomerular changes, with mild swelling of the epithelial cells of Bowman's capsule, thickening of the basement membrane of glomerular capillaries, glomerular adhesions, inflammatory cell infiltration, leukocytoclasis and hemorrhages in the interstitium, and eosinophilic hyaline degeneration and vacuolization of the epithelial cells of the proximal tubuli. (<i>JAMA</i>238:874-877, 1977)
Anesthesia and Co-Existing Disease
Authors: Stanley I. Samuels
Journal: JAMA (1989)

Many years ago, when I was much younger, there was a song to the effect that love was better the second time around. A somewhat perverse idea, but if perhaps not altogether true for love, could it be true for something as unromantic as a medical textbook? What brought these somewhat idiosyncratic thoughts to mind was receiving for review the second edition of<i>Anesthesia and Co-Existing Disease</i>, edited by Stoelting, Dierdorf, and McCammon. The original edition was published in 1983 and was well received at that time. What has the new edition to offer the second time around? First, a new editor has been added, and the multiauthored text of the original edition has been replaced by an edition that is, as the preface states, "the product of the Editors." Be that as it may, the new format is virtually identical with that of the multiauthored first edition. Second, the
BOOK REVIEWS
Authors: P. M. REILLY, G. B. BULKLEY
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1990)

Journal Article BOOK REVIEWS Get access Thymic Tumors . R. Sarrazin , C. Vrousos , F. Vincent , eds. New York : S. Karger , 1989 , 172 pp. $115. PATRICK M. REILLY, PATRICK M. REILLY Department of Surgery 687 Blalock The Johns Hopkins Hospital600 N. Wolfe St. Baltimore, MD 21205 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar GREGORY B. BULKLEY GREGORY B. BULKLEY Department of Surgery 687 Blalock The Johns Hopkins Hospital600 N. Wolfe St. Baltimore, MD 21205 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 82, Issue 4, 21 February 1990, Pages 315–316, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/82.4.315-a Published: 21 February 1990
Editorial
Authors: E. Brad Thompson
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (2001)

The editorship of the foremost review journal in endocrinology is a serious responsibility.I want to assure the readers and contributors to Endocrine Reviews that as its new Editorin-Chief I take this responsibility seriously.It is my goal not only to maintain the high quality and excellent readership statistics of the journal but to improve on them.My view of endocrinology coincides with that which is manifest in the pages of this journal and the other journals of our society and one that has become evident throughout the endocrine world.That view comes from the modern realization that endocrinology encompasses much more than once was thought.While we can still define hormones traditionally, i.e., those circulating signal substances made in one organ and acting at a distance, it is obvious that as we understand more about the mechanisms of cell-to-cell signaling, this simple definition breaks down.We find in the pages of our journals discussions of paracrine and intracrine actions of hormones, and of molecules labeled as cytokines, growth factors, etc.These new usages signify the general understanding that signaling molecules act at varying distancesintracellularly in the cell of origin, cell to cell locally, between cells within an organ, and organ to organ.Furthermore, it has become clear that traditional disciplines, each studying its own class of signaling systems, repeatedly find analogous, overlapping, and indeed identical mechanisms involving the same kinds of receptors and signaling systems.Increasingly, endocrinologists are recognizing this state of affairs, and we should do so by including the relevant literature in the pages of our journal.Endocrine Reviews will therefore continue to provide cogent reviews of important topics, particularly with respect to endocrine-like signaling systems that bear special relevance to or interactions with the traditional hormones.We have the responsibility of conveying important information both for the most basic scientists and for clinicians.Therefore, we will include reviews that cover the range from practical important matters of patient care to translational research.Our selection of new Editorial Board members, Associate Editors, and Advisors has been made in an attempt to satisfy those readers' needs.We invite our readership to make suggestions to us about what topics they would like to see included in Endocrine Reviews.
Revista Ibérica de Endocrinología, Barcelona
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Low prevalence of hepatitis c virus infection in porphyria cutanea tarda in Germany
Authors: U STOLZEL
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

Previous studies from Spain, Italy, and France have demonstrated a high prevalence (71% to 91%) of antibodies against hepatitis C virus in patients with porphyria cutanea tarda (PCT). To determine the role of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in PCT in Germany, we have assessed the prevalence of antibodies against HCV and hepatitis B virus (HBV) in 106 patients (mean age, 60 ± 14 years) with the disease. Eight of 106 patients (8%) were positive for HCV antibodies and HCV RNA using second-generation enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), recombinant immunoblot assay, and polymerase chain reaction. Antibodies against HBV core antigen were found in 14 patients (13%). Of the patients with antibodies against HCV alanine transaminase (ALT) (aspartate transaminase [Ast]) levels above normal occurred in 71% (86%). Because elevated ALT (AST) levels were also found in 51% (64%) of 88 patients without markers of HCV or HBV, we suggest that liver damage in PCT may exist in absence of these viruses. This is supported by the finding that in patients without HCV or HBV markers, higher serum ALT and AST activities were found in patients with overt disease or relapse (ALT, 59 ± 44 U/L; AST, 37 ± 21 U/L), whereas patients in remission displayed significantly lower serum enzyme activities (ALT, 16 ± 8 U/L; AST, 16 ± 7 U/L), (P < .001). These results indicate that HCV infection does not play a major role in the pathogenesis of PCT in Germany.
This Week in <EMPH>JAMA</EMPH>
Journal: JAMA (2006)

A Piece of My Mind"As time has passed since [Ashley's] death, and I have studied medical ethics and end-of-life issues, it has become clearer to me that there is a gap in the scope of medical care for terminally ill persons."From "At Face Value." SEE PAGE 2701 Medical News & PerspectivesAccording to the US government's plan for federal involvement in an influenza pandemic, much of the burden will fall on state and local governments and health care workers. SEE PAGE 2707 The Quality and IT RevolutionsRecent emphases on quality measurement and information technology (IT) are associated with both expected and unexpected consequences.
Cetuximab weekly (q1w) versus every two weeks (q2w) plus FOLFOX4 as first-line therapy in patients (pts) with KRAS wild-type (wt) metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC).
Authors: T. Ciuleanu, V. Nikolic, E. Shmueli, D. Vrbanec, S. Plate, Z. M. Krmpotic, M. Dank, G. Purkalne, T. Brodowicz, C. Zielinski
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

494 Background: FOLFOX4 + q1w cetuximab is a standard 1st-line regimen in KRAS wt mCRC. This trial evaluated FOLFOX4 + q1w cetuximab (Arm A) and FOLFOX4 + q2w cetuximab (Arm B) as 1st-line therapy in KRAS wt mCRC. Methods: Pts with KRAS wt mCRC were randomized to q1w cetuximab (400 mg/m 2 initial dose then 250 mg/m 2 /wk) or q2w cetuximab (500 mg/m 2 every 2 wks). Both arms received FOLFOX4 (folinic acid 200 mg/m 2 , then 5-FU 400 mg/m 2 bolus, then 5-FU 600mg/m 2 over 22 h on days 1+2, plus oxaliplatin 85 mg/m 2 on day 1 q2w). Primary endpoint is objective response rate (ORR) which was analyzed in a protocol specified interim analysis. Secondary efficacy endpoints are progression- free survival (PFS) and overall survival. Results: From Sep 2007 to Sep 2009, 152 pts with KRAS wt tumors (22 centers in 12 countries) were randomized and received ≥1 dose of study treatment, arm A (n=75) and arm B (n=77). Baseline characteristics were well balanced (A vs B): mean age: 57 vs 60 years, Karnofsky Performance Score (PS) 80: 15% vs 18%, PS 90: 45% vs 40%, PS 100: 40% vs 42%, male gender: 40% vs 45%, prior adjuvant or neoadjuvant therapy: 23% vs 17%, metastases at initial diagnosis: 65% vs 64%, and &gt;2 involved organs: 24% vs 29%. Median follow up was 12 months. ORR (CR + PR) was 51% in arm A and 63% in arm B, respectively, the difference between arm B and A was 12% (95% CI: -4% to 27%). Preliminary results for PFS time did not indicate relevant differences between both arms. Mature PFS results will be presented at the symposium. Based on current data, most common grade 3-4 adverse events (≥ 10% in any arm, A vs B) were neutropenia/neutrophil count decreased in 32 vs 34%, rash in 15 vs 16% and diarrhea in 7 vs 10% of the pts. Conclusions: These data suggest that cetuximab q2w has comparable efficacy and an equivalent safety profile as q1w dosing in combination with FOLFOX4. Data collection and analysis is ongoing. [Table: see text] [Table: see text]
Tuberculosis
Authors: William Lester
Journal: JAMA (1980)

This book will prove to be essential to all who are interested in tuberculosis, immunology, microbiology, or epidemiology. Guy Youmans, the principal author, has devoted his life to this field and brings to this monograph the enormous weight of his experience. In addition he has called on five excellent collaborators to assist him in covering such a broad field, and this has served to widen the appeal of the book. This book certainly is the long-awaited replacement for Arnold Rich's<i>The Pathogenesis of Tuberculosis</i>published in 1944. Thus, a gap of 35 years has been bridged. The writing is clear and articulate, and the book is well printed, with excellent illustrations. Of particular interest to this reviewer was the monumental chapter by Goren and Brennan on mycobacterial lipids and their chemistry and biologic activities. In addition, the chapters by Youmans, dealing with virulence, delayed hypersensitivity, acquired immunity, and pathogenesis, are
Nondialytic management of chronic uremia
Authors: E. L. Coodley
Journal: JAMA (1973)

We evaluated salt loading alone and in conjunction with diuretic therapy in the management of chronic renal disease with azotemia. Ten patients with chronic renal disease and azotemia were treated with progressively increasing doses of sodium and potent, distal tubular diuretic agents, ie, furosemide or ethacrynic acid or both. Hydrochlorothiazide was also employed in these patients. Six of the ten patients responded with an adequate diuresis of more than 2,200 ml/24 hr, a fall in blood urea nitrogen level, and an alleviation of uremic symptoms with an average dose of 6 gm of added sodium, on a basal 2-gm sodium diet. In four patients, salt loading was unsuccessful; two of these patients had creatinine clearance values of less than 7 ml/min.
Exercise testing soon after uncomplicated myocardial infarction. Prognostic value and safety
Authors: S. A. Fein
Journal: JAMA (1981)

Modified exercise testing within three weeks of an acute myocardial infarction has been shown to be both a safe and feasible means for identifying patients at greater risk for subsequent cardiac events. An abnormal ECG and symptomatic response to exercise correlates with a higher morbidity and mortality. An ST-segment depression as well as angina are associated with a higher risk of recurrent ischemia and death. Elevation of the ST segment as well as inappropriately high heart rates and early development of fatigue and dyspnea are seen in patients with compromised left ventricular function. Exercise-induced premature ventricular contractions raise the possibility of increased sudden death. Patients identified to be at increased risk can be considered for more intensive medical or surgical treatment to reduce their morbidity and mortality. Patients considered to be at low risk can be spared needless invasive studies and unwarranted restriction of their physical activity. Patients may also accrue psychological benefit from these stress-test procedures. (<i>JAMA</i>1981;245:1863-1868)
A Method for the Isolation of Unclassified Acid-Fast Bacilli from Soil and Water
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Transplantation of Filgrastim-Mobilized Peripheral Blood Stem Cells From HLA-Identical Sibling or Alternative Family Donors in Patients With Hematologic Malignancies: A Prospective Comparison on Clinical Outcome, Immune Reconstitution, and Hematopoietic Chimerism
Authors: Dietrich W. Beelen, Helmut D. Ottinger, Ahmet Elmaagacli, Birgit Scheulen, Oliver Basu, Bernhard Kremens, Werner Havers, Hans Grosse-Wilde, Ulrich W. Schaefer
Journal: Blood (1997)
Myelodysplastic syndromes
Authors: Eva Hellström Lindberg
Journal: HemaSphere (2018)

Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden This is an open access Abstract Book distributed under the Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs (CCBY-NC-ND), which allows third parties to download the abstracts and share them with others as long as they credit the author and the abstract book, but they cannot change the content in any way or use them commercially. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0