tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
MEDICAL ETIQUETTE
Authors: J. Livy
Journal: BMJ (1856)

<h3>Objective</h3> To identify CSF biomarkers that are related to decreased white matter (WM) integrity and poor cognitive performance in former professional athletes with a history of multiple concussions. <h3>Methods</h3> Concentrations of phosphorylated tau181, total tau (t-tau), and β-amyloid in the CSF were measured in 3 groups: 22 former professional athletes with multiple concussions (mean ± SD age 55.9 ± 12.2 years), 5 healthy controls (age 57.4 ± 5.2 years), and 12 participants (age 60.0 ± 6.6 years) diagnosed with Alzheimer disease (AD). All participants in the former athletes group underwent diffusion tensor imaging to determine WM tract integrity and completed neuropsychological testing. We divided the former athletes group into those with normal (&lt;300 pg/mL) and high (&gt;300 pg/mL) CSF t-tau. <h3>Results</h3> CSF t-tau in the former athletes group was significantly higher than in the healthy control group (349.3 ± 182.6 vs 188.8 ± 39.9 pg/mL, <i>p</i> = 0.003) and significantly lower than in the patients with AD (349.3 ± 182.6 vs 857.0 ± 449.3 pg/mL, <i>p</i> = 0.007). Fractional anisotropy values across all the tracts were significantly lower in the high CSF t-tau group compared to the normal CSF t-tau group (<i>p</i> = 0.036). Participants in the high CSF t-tau group scored significantly lower on the Trail Making Test (TMT) Part B compared to the normal CSF t-tau group (<i>t</i> scores 45.6 ± 18.8 vs 62.3 ± 10.1, <i>p</i> = 0.017). <h3>Conclusion</h3> Our findings indicate that former athletes with multiple concussions are at increased risk of elevated levels of CSF t-tau and that high CSF t-tau is associated with reduced WM integrity and worse scores on the TMT Part B.
951 THE IMPACT OF LIVER TRANSPLANTATION ON THE PHENOTYPE OF PRIMARY BILIARY CIRRHOSIS (PBC) IN THE UK-PBC COHORT
Authors: G. Mells, M. Carbone, G. Pells, J. Newton, A. Bathgate, A. Burroughs, M. Heneghan, J. Neuberger, D. Day, S. Ducker, R. Sandford, G. Alexander, D. Jones
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
SPERMIN CRYSTALS
Journal: JAMA (1925)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Phenformin Acidosis
Authors: Arlan Gottlieb, Joel Duberstein, Arthur Geller
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1962)

DURING the past five years phenethylbiguanide, more commonly known as phenformin or DBI, has proved to be a potent hypoglycemic agent.1 Its main use has been in the control of maturity-onset diabetes or as a supplement to insulin in stabilizing the course of juvenile diabetes. The purpose of this report is to record a relatively rare but life-threatening side effect of phenformin administration, the development of a profound metabolic acidosis.2 Case ReportA 49-year-old woman was admitted to the Mount Sinai Hospital because of coma and hypothermia. The diagnosis of diabetes mellitus had been established 4 years previously. Initial treatment . . .
Seroepidemiological studies of HTLV-III antibody prevalence among selected groups of heterosexual Africans
Authors: N. Clumeck
Journal: JAMA (1985)

T-lymphocyte subsets and human T-cell lymphotropic virus type III antibody prevalence were studied in African patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or AIDS-related complex (ARC), and in female prostitutes. African blood donors and healthy Zairian and Rwandese persons matched for age, sex, and annual income served as controls. Seropositivity was noted in 46 (87%) of 53 patients with AIDS, 29 (88%) of 33 patients with ARC, 67 (80%) of 84 prostitutes, and five (12.5%) of 40 and eight (15.5%) of 51 healthy controls and blood donors, respectively. Patients with AIDS and ARC had a significantly lower OKT4/OKT8 ratio than healthy African controls. These studies suggest that human T-cell lymphotropic virus type III infection has already spread extensively into the general African population and that female prostitutes could be an important human reservoir of AIDS virus in the heterosexual population.
THE RISING COST OF MILK
Journal: JAMA (1918)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
RECENT TRIBUTES TO PHYSICIANS
Journal: JAMA (1942)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Not Wanting
Authors: Donna Pucciani
Journal: JAMA (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Identification of Phthalate Esters in the Serum of Young Puerto Rican Girls with Premature Breast Development
Authors: Ivelisse Colón, Doris Caro, Carlos J. Bourdony, Osvaldo Rosario
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2000)

Premature breast development (thelarche) is the growth of mammary tissue in girls younger than 8 years of age without other manifestations of puberty. Puerto Rico has the highest known incidence of premature thelarche ever reported. In the last two decades since this serious public health anomaly has been observed, no explanation for this phenomenon has been found. Some organic pollutants, including pesticides and some plasticizers, can disrupt normal sexual development in wildlife, and many of these have been widely used in Puerto Rico. This investigation was designed to identify pollutants in the serum of Puerto Rican girls with premature thelarche. A method for blood serum analysis was optimized and validated using pesticides and phthalate esters as model compounds of endocrine-disrupting chemicals. Recovery was > 80% for all compounds. We performed final detection by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. We analyzed 41 serum samples from thelarche patients and 35 control samples. No pesticides or their metabolite residues were detected in the serum of the study or control subjects. Significantly high levels of phthalates [dimethyl, diethyl, dibutyl, and di-(2-ethylhexyl)] and its major metabolite mono-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate were identified in 28 (68%) samples from thelarche patients. Of the control samples analyzed, only one showed significant levels of di-isooctyl phthalate. The phthalates that we identified have been classified as endocrine disruptors. This study suggests a possible association between plasticizers with known estrogenic and antiandrogenic activity and the cause of premature breast development in a human female population.
EQUITABLE IMPROVEMENT FOR WOMEN AND MEN IN THE USE OF GUIDELINE-RECOMMENDED THERAPIES FOR HEART FAILURE: FINDINGS FROM IMPROVE HF
Authors: Mary Norine Walsh, Gregg C. Fonarow, Nancy M. Albert, Anne B. Curtis, Wendy Gattis Stough, Mihai Gheorghiade, J Thomas Heywood, Mark L. McBride, Christopher M. O’Connor, Patches Johnson Inge, Mandeep R. Mehra, Dwight Reynolds, Clyde W. Yancy
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Carbon monoxide yield of cigarettes
Authors: P. N Lee
Journal: BMJ (1980)

assess this.We should be told how many patients receiving long-term anti-inflammatory therapy were examined in order to find the 249 patients who had no gastric lesions at the initial endoscopy, incorrectly named the pretreatment endoscopy.If few were rejected this would support the view that the lesions are often transient.We do not accept the authors' reasons for not including a control group, and would suggest the use of paracetamol in a group with osteoarthrosis.This is an important area of work in which much more information is required, but we would reluctantly question the conclusions drawn by these workers.Further studies of better design should be undertaken.
Effects of Phthalate Esters on Lipid Metabolism in Various Tissues, Cells and Organelles in Mammals
Authors: Frank P. Bell
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1982)

The effect of phthalate ester plasticizers on a variety of enzyme systems was studied in rats, rabbits and pigs. The feeding of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) to animals at levels from 0.1% to 1.0% in the diet resulted in diverse biochemical effects, such as inhibition of cholesterologenesis in liver, testes, and adrenal gland; inhibition of cholesterologenesis in brain and liver of fetal rats from DEHP-fed dams; decreased plasma cholesterol levels; decreased synthesis of hepatic phospholipid and triglyceride; increased fatty acid oxidation in isolated liver mitochondria; and a transient decrease in fatty acid oxidation in isolated heart mitochondria. The addition of DEHP to preparations of rat liver in vitro resulted in inhibition of cholesterologenesis, and its addition to isolated mitochondria from rat heart produced an inhibition of adenine nucleotide translocase. DEHP-feeding to rats and rabbits, however, did not affect platelet function as judged by collagen- and ADP-induced aggregation. The studies presented here indicate that the exposure of animals to phthalate esters can result in a significant perturbation of normal metabolism in liver, heart, testes, adrenal gland and brain and can affect blood lipid levels.
Improvement Interventions
Authors: Joanne Lynn
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2015)

Letters21 April 2015Improvement InterventionsJoanne Lynn, MDJoanne Lynn, MDFrom Center for Elder Care and Advanced Illness, Altarum Institute, Washington, DC.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/L15-5071 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Davidoff's editorial (1) is absolutely correct in calling for the framework and statistics suitable for improvement activities rather than continuing to pretend that service delivery organization can be studied like a drug. If the question is how best can we learn to transition patients from hospital to home safely and with minimal need for short-term rehospitalization, quality improvement (QI) approaches are much more likely to succeed than research trials; they teach us much more about how the local system operates and what else might work, and they do so quickly. However, even if such a project dramatically ...Reference1. Davidoff F. Improvement interventions are social treatments, not pills [Editorial]. Ann Intern Med. 2014;161:526-7. [PMID: 25285545] doi:10.7326/M14-1789 LinkGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Joanne Lynn, MDAffiliations: From Center for Elder Care and Advanced Illness, Altarum Institute, Washington, DC.Disclosures: Authors have disclosed no conflicts of interest. Forms can be viewed at www.acponline.org/authors/icmje/ConflictOfInterest Forms.do?msNum=L14-0568. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoImprovement Interventions Are Social Treatments, Not Pills Frank Davidoff Improvement Interventions Sarah L. Szanton , Bruce Leff , and Laura N. Gitlin Improvement Interventions Frank Davidoff Metrics 21 April 2015Volume 162, Issue 8 Page: 596 Keywords Academic medicine Conflicts of interest Disclosure Drug delivery Drugs Falls Health care quality Health services research Quality improvement Research quality assessment ePublished: 21 April 2015 Issue Published: 21 April 2015 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2015 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Erratum: Costs and length of stay for patients with and without sickle cell disease after hysterectomy, appendectomy, or knee replacement
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2011)

The above mentioned article describes our analysis of data from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS), a large, restricted-access, publicly available data set maintained by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ).One of the provisions of the NIS data use agreement prohibits the disclosure of information when the number of observations (ie, individual discharge records) in any given cell of tabulated data is less than or equal to 10.The purpose of this provision is to protect individual patients' privacy and to prevent the potential disclosure of personal information.In our article, some tabulated cells contain 10 or fewer observations.This disclosure represents an oversight on our part and an inadvertent failure to comply with the NIS data use agreement.Although AHRQ does not consider this oversight to reflect scientific misconduct, and we are confident that nothing in the article could be used to identify individual patients or their personal information, the fact remains that the disclosures do not comply with the AHRQ guidelines.
Comparison of Side-effects of Tetracycline and Tetracycline Plus Nystatin
Authors: Joan Walford, Jane Cooper, Rosemary Wood, Margaret Crawford, R Schilling, K Citron, P Emerson, C Joyce, B Lacey, H Lambert, R Riddell, J Robson, A Somner, J Angel
Journal: BMJ (1968)

In a multicentre, double-blind, controlled trial of tetracycline plus nystatin (Mysteclin) and tetracycline, 111 patients with respiratory infections received one or other drug for a period of 10 days. The incidence of gastrointestinal symptoms was high in both groups before treatment began, and somewhat higher in the Mysteclin group than in the tetracycline group. After 10 days' treatment 50% of the patients in the Mysteclin group had symptoms, a mean of 1.44 each, compared with 34% of the patients in the tetracycline group, with a mean of 1.47 symptoms each; the difference between the two groups is not significant (P>0.05). The incidence of Candida albicans in the stools at 10 days in the Mysteclin group (9.1%) was significantly lower than that in the tetracycline group (37.1%), but this was not reflected in any reduction in the frequency of gastrointestinal symptoms.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Authors: I Barone, L Brusco, G Gu, J Selever, A Beyer, K Covington, A Tsimelzon, T Wang, S Hilsenbeck, G Chamness, S Andò, S Fuqua, C Gambacorti-Passerini, L Antolini, F.-X Mahon, F Guilhot, M Deininger, C Fava, A Nagler, C Della Casa, E Morra, E Abruzzese, A D'emilio, F Stagno, P Le Coutre, R Hurtado-Monroy, V Santini, B Martino, F Pane, A Piccin, P Giraldo, S Assouline, M Durosinmi, O Leeksma, E Pogliani, M Puttini, E Jang, J Reiffers, M Valsecchi, D.-W Kim, G Farhat, S Cummings, R Chlebowski, N Parimi, J Cauley, T Rohan, A Huang, M Vitolins, F Hubbell, J Manson, B Cochrane, D Lane, J Lee, A Powolny, A Bommareddy, E.-R Hahm, D Normolle, J Beumer, J Nelson, S Singh, Breast Cancer, S Mook, L Van 't Veer, E Rutgers, P Ravdin, A Van De Velde, F Van Leeuwen, O Visser, M Schmidt, S Barbus, B Tews, D Karra, M Hahn, B Radlwimmer, N Delhomme, C Hartmann, J Felsberg, D Krex, G Schackert, R Martinez, G Reifenberger, P Lichter, A Li, J Qureshi, A Cancers, S Morelli, I Ravera, S Panfoli Response, W Schagen, U Boogerd, B Eisel, P Chung, P Warde
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2011)
Donor Dopamine Pretreatment and Graft Function After Kidney Transplantation
Authors: Dan Ridgway
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Managed care. A product of market dynamics
Authors: D. F. Drake
Journal: JAMA (1997)

The development of managed care is described as an unexpected product of competition between public and private purchasers of health care. Managed care is a series of purchasing techniques that employers have applied to reduce the cost of their employees' health benefits. Its most significant use has been as a device for bargaining with individual health care providers by encouraging or requiring employees to purchase health care services from a select set of providers. Selective contracting has broken a 40-year-old barrier to price competition among health care providers, who have responded to this negotiating tactic by forming or joining larger organizational units to strengthen their bargaining power. Although the so-called managed care revolution has reduced the rate of increase in health care costs by creating a more competitive price environment, it is simply a start toward a more effective health care market. It is very much a work in progress that will affect and be affected by both political and market changes occurring over the remainder of this century.
AB0074 Pulse methylprednisolone and cyclophosphamide therapy in three systemic lupus erythematosus patients with bronchiolitis obliterans organising pneumonia as the initial manifestation
Authors: JC Tseng, HH Cheng, RJ Hu, LY Lu
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2001)

<h3>Background</h3> Diverse pleuropulmonary manifestations are common in patients wtih systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Bronchiolitis obliterans organising pneumonia (BOOP) is a pathologic entity characterised by the formation of fibrous tissue plugs within terminal bronchioles and alveolar ducts. Although BOOP has been associated with several connnective tissue disorders, there are rare reports of BOOP in patients of SLE as the initial manifestation. <h3>Objectives</h3> We described three SLE patients with open lung biopsy-proved BOOP as the initial manifestation which responsed well to pulse intravenous methylprednisolone and cyclophosphamide therapy. All three cases presented with fever, cough and dyspnea. Chest radiographs and CT scan of lung revealed bilateral pulmonary infiltrates. BOOP was confirmed by open lung biopsy. Pulmonary vasculitis was also demonstrated in lung histopathology in one case. <h3>Methods</h3> <h3>Results</h3> The pulmonary lesions and respiratory illnesses responsed well to monthly pulse intravenous methylprednisolone and cyclophosphamide therapy. <h3>Conclusion</h3>
Waiting Patiently
Authors: M Goitein
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1990)

I have attended a hospital clinic as a patient several times during the past few years. Most of my visits were scheduled, although a few were made on very short notice. Rarely have I waited for less than an hour past the time of my appointment, and sometimes for two or more hours. Being on the staff of an affiliated institution, I probably receive preferential treatment. From conversations with other patients in the clinic it is clear that many are kept waiting even longer than I.First, I want to say that I have received excellent medical care and am . . .