tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Distribution of Particulate Matter and Tissue Remodeling in the Human Lung
Authors: Kent E. Pinkerton, Francis H. Y. Green, Cathy Saiki, Val Vallyathan, Charles G. Plopper, Venu Gopal, Daniel Hung, Emily B. Bahne, Susan S. Lin, Margaret G. Menache, Marc B. Schenker
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2000)

We examined the relationship between intrapulmonary particle distribution of carbonaceous and mineral dusts and remodeling of the airways along anatomically distinct airway paths in the lungs of Hispanic males from the central valley of California. Lung autopsy specimens from the Fresno County Coroner's Office were prepared by intratracheal instillation of 2% glutaraldehyde at 30 cm H(2)O pressure. Two distinct airway paths into the apico-posterior and apico-anterior portions of the left upper lung lobe were followed. Tissue samples for histologic analysis were generally taken from the intrapulmonary second, fourth, sixth, and ninth airway generations. Parenchymal tissues beyond the 12th airway generation of each airway path were also analyzed. There was little evidence of visible particle accumulation in the larger conducting airways (generations 2-6), except in bronchial-associated lymphoid tissues and within peribronchial connective tissue. In contrast, terminal and respiratory bronchioles arising from each pathway revealed varying degrees of wall thickening and remodeling. Walls with marked thickening contained moderate to heavy amounts of carbonaceous and mineral dusts. Wall thickening was associated with increases in collagen and interstitial inflammatory cells, including dust-laden macrophages. These changes were significantly greater in first-generation respiratory bronchioles compared to second- and third-generation respiratory bronchioles. These findings suggest that accumulation of carbonaceous and mineral dust in the lungs is significantly affected by lung anatomy with the greatest retention in centers of lung acini. Furthermore, there is significant remodeling of this transitional zone in humans exposed to ambient particulate matter.
5. Facilitating Behavior Change and Well-being to Improve Health Outcomes:<i>Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2021</i>
Journal: Diabetes Care (2020)

The American Diabetes Association (ADA) “Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes” includes the ADA's current clinical practice recommendations and is intended to provide the components of diabetes care, general treatment goals and guidelines, and tools to evaluate quality of care. Members of the ADA Professional Practice Committee, a multidisciplinary expert committee (https://doi.org/10.2337/dc21-SPPC), are responsible for updating the Standards of Care annually, or more frequently as warranted. For a detailed description of ADA standards, statements, and reports, as well as the evidence-grading system for ADA's clinical practice recommendations, please refer to the Standards of Care Introduction (https://doi.org/10.2337/dc21-SINT). Readers who wish to comment on the Standards of Care are invited to do so at professional.diabetes.org/SOC.
Alveolar Breath Sampling and Analysis to Assess Trihalomethane Exposures during Competitive Swimming Training
Authors: Andrew B. Lindstrom, Joachim D. Pleil, David C. Berkoff
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1997)

Alveolar breath sampling was used to assess trihalomethane (THM) exposures encountered by collegiate swimmers during a typical 2-hr training period in an indoor natatorium. The breath samples were collected at regular intervals before, during, and for 3 hr after a moderately intense training workout. Integrated and grab whole-air samples were collected during the training period to help determine inhalation exposures, and pool water samples were collected to help assess dermal exposures. Resulting breath samples collected during the workout demonstrated a rapid uptake of two THMs (chloroform and bromodichloromethane), with chloroform concentrations exceeding the natatorium air levels within 8 min after the exposure began. Chloroform levels continued to rise steeply until they were more than two times the indoor levels, providing evidence that the dermal route of exposure was relatively rapid and ultimately more important than the inhalation route in this training scenario. Chloroform elimination after the exposure period was fitted to a three compartment model that allowed estimation of compartmental half-lives, resulting minimum bloodborne dose, and an approximation of the duration of elevated body burdens. We estimated the dermal exposure route to account for 80% of the blood chloroform concentration and the transdermal diffusion efficiency from the water to the blood to in excess of 2%. Bromodichloromethane elimination was fitted to a two compartment model which provided evidence of a small, but measurable, body burden of this THM resulting from vigorous swim training. These results suggest that trihalomethane exposures for competitive swimmers under prolonged, high-effort training are common and possibly higher than was previously thought and that the dermal exposure route is dominant. The exposures and potential risks associated with this common recreational activity should be more thoroughly investigated.
Book reviews
Journal: Allergy (1988)

Book reviewed in this articles: Prpic, J. K. &amp; Davey, R. B. (eds.): The genus Yersinia: epidemiology, molecular biology and pathogenesis. Jenne, J. W. &amp; Murphy, S. (eds.): Drug therapy for asthma. Research and clinical practice. Rother, K. &amp; Rother, V. (eds.): Hereditary and acquired complement deficiencies in animals and man.
LETTER FROM NEW YORK.
Authors: None P. B. P.
Journal: JAMA (1889)

(FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT.) New York Academy of Medicine—Dr. E. F. Brush read a Paper on the Relationship Existing between Human and Bovine Tuberculosis—Discussed by Dr. H. M. Biggs, Dr. Forrest, Dr. Grandin and Dr. Loomis—Signs of the Moribund Condition, by Dr. John Shrady, etc. At a recent meeting of the Academy of Medicine Dr. E. F. Brush, who for some time past has been making a special study of this subject, read a paper on<i>The Relationship Existing between Human and Bovine Tuberculosis</i>, in which he advocated the doctrine that tuberculosis in man is derived directly from the bovine species, and claimed that if domestic cattle could be done away with, tuberculosis would in the course of a few years become extinct, since while it has been conclusively demonstrated that the disease can be transmitted by the cow to her offspring, there is no proof that such transmission ever
Public Hearing on Financial Disclosure by Clinical Investigators
Journal: JAMA (1995)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A new method for treatment of barbiturate dependence
Authors: D. E. Smith
Journal: JAMA (1970)

A technique for withdrawal of patients physically dependent upon barbiturates is applicable to either a medical or psychiatric inpatient service. The technique involves substituting phenobarbital, a long-acting barbiturate, for the addicting agent, and subsequent withdrawal of the phenobarbital. Phenobarbital provides a more constant barbiturate blood level than the shorter-acting barbiturates, which are the usual withdrawal agents. The more constant blood level allows for the safe utilization of smaller daily doses of barbiturates during withdrawal. The method is also suggested treatment for dependence upon many of the newer sedative-hypnotics.
The Barnes Hospital and Medical College of St. Louis.
Journal: JAMA (1892)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Medicine and the behavioral sciences
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Carbon Monoxide and Hospital Admissions for Congestive Heart Failure: Evidence of an Increased Effect at Low Temperatures
Authors: Robert D. Morris, Elena N. Naumova
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1998)

The combined effects of carbon monoxide and low temperature on daily variation in hospital admissions for congestive heart failure (CHF) were examined for a 4-year period in Chicago, Illinois. Medicare hospital admissions for CHF were analyzed as a function of the maximum hourly temperature, maximum hourly levels of carbon monoxide (CO), and other criteria pollutants in Chicago for each day of the 4-year period (1986-1989). The regression analyses for the time series were conducted using single and multipollutant models with interaction terms and adjustments for weather, weekly cycles, seasonal effects, and secular trend. The data were also grouped into three temperature ranges, <40 degrees, 40 degrees-75 degrees, and >75 degrees F, and the relationship between CO and CHF admissions was evaluated for each range. For the 4-year time series, the CO level was positively associated with hospital admissions for CHF in the single pollutant and multipollutant models after adjustment for seasonal effects and weather pattern. The relative risks of hospital admissions for CHF in Chicago associated with the 75th percentile of exposure to CO in the high, medium, and low temperature ranges were 1.02 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.95-1.10], 1.09 (CI, 1.04-1.14), and 1.15 (CI, 1.09-1.22), respectively. In these data, the effect of CO on hospital admissions for CHF was temperature dependent, with the magnitude of the effect increasing with decreasing temperature. This synergy may help to explain the association between ambient CO and CHF admissions demonstrated in other studies.
Paul Laking
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Medical microbiologist who became a pioneer of hospital infection controlRobert Blowers had a lifelong interest in Staphylococcus aureus and hospital infection.From the mid-1950s onwards he produced a succession of publications on the prevention of hospital infections, particularly those following surgery.These ranged across the design of operating theatres, isolation rooms, and surgical clothing, and the prevention of the airborne spread of infection and clinical protocols for wound management.He co-produced the seminal textbook Hospital Infection: Causes and Prevention, which became the "bible" on infection control for nearly 20 years.In 1959 he was a key member of the Ministry of Health working group that produced a report on staphylococcal infections in hospitals.At a Department of Health workshop in December 2004, just a week before Robert's death, his major contribution was recalled by the department's inspector of microbiology and infection control, who had that week sent him a Christmas card with the message "you will be pleased to know that we are at last trying to implement your 1959 recommendations!"
Relationship of Hypoxia to Arrhythmia and Cardiac Conduction Hemorrhage: Experimental Study
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Confidential HIV testing and condom promotion in Africa. Impact on HIV and gonorrhea rates
Authors: S. Allen
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —We evaluated the impact of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing and counseling on self-reported condom and spermicide use and on corresponding HIV seroconversion and gonorrhea rates in urban Rwandan women. <h3>Design.</h3> —Prospective cohort study with 2 years of follow-up, comparison of outcome variables before and after an intervention, and condom use measured in a control group that did not receive the intervention. <h3>Setting.</h3> —Outpatient research clinic in Kigali, the capital of Rwanda. <h3>Participants.</h3> —One thousand four hundred fifty-eight childbearing women, 32% of whom were infected with HIV, were enrolled in a prospective study in 1988, and followed at 3- to 6-month intervals for 2 years. Follow-up was available for 95% of subjects at year 1 and 92% at year 2. <h3>Interventions.</h3> —An acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) educational videotape, HIV testing and counseling, and free condoms and spermicide were provided to all participants and interested sexual partners. <h3>Main Outcome Measures.</h3> —Self-report of compliance with condom-spermicide use and observed incidence of HIV and gonorrhea. <h3>Results.</h3> —Only 7% of the women reported ever trying condoms before the intervention, but 22% reported condom use with good compliance 1 year later. Women who were HIV-positive were more likely to adopt condom use than HIV-negative women (36% vs 16%;<i>P</i>&lt;.05). Independent predictors of condom use, both in HIV-positive and in HIV-negative women, included HIV testing and counseling of the male partner, having a nonmonogamous relationship, and believing condoms were not dangerous. Human immunodeficiency virus seroconversion rates decreased significantly (from 4.1 to 1.8 per 100 person-years;<i>P</i>&lt;.04) in women whose partners were tested and counseled. The prevalence of gonorrhea decreased substantially (13% to 6%;<i>P</i>&lt;.05) among HIV-positive women, with the greatest reduction among condom users (16% to 4%;<i>P</i>&lt;.05). <h3>Conclusion.</h3> —A confidential HIV testing and counseling program was associated with increased use of condoms and reduced rates of gonorrhea and HIV in urban Rwandan women. The lack of risk reduction in HIV-negative women whose partner's serostatus was unknown was of concern. Interventions that promote HIV testing and counseling for both members of a couple should be considered in other high-prevalence areas. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1992;268:3338-3343)
Day care for early preschool children: implications for the child and family. American Psychiatric Association Task Force on Day Care for Pre- School Children
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1993)

The use of nonparental day care for children has increased over the past several decades and mirrors changes in the social and economic fabric of the United States. In the case of the early preschool child, precise understanding of the implications of day care for later development remains elusive. Of equal concern are the implications of early preschool day care for the family unit and especially the mother. What constitutes appropriate, safe, and affordable day care has been debated. The impact of poor care is demonstrable for both the child and family. Quality day care offers the potential for positive psychological development of the child and the family. The research related to day care for young children has expanded our knowledge of child development, but it also highlights a need for expanded research using refined measures of psychological growth and child-parent interaction. This report was approved by the APA Board of Trustees in December 1992.
Proceedings of Thirteenth Annual Meeting of Conference of State and Provincial Boards of Health of North America.
Journal: JAMA (1899)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Hypomagnesemia
Authors: Richard C. W. Hall
Journal: JAMA (1973)

Hypomagnesemia uncomplicated by other factors can give rise to an organic brain syndrome. In a patient with bleeding peptic ulcer, hypomagnesemia occurred secondary to intravenous fluid replacement and suction losses. The patient developed cramping, nystagmus, tremor, clonus, myoclonic jerks, hyperacusia, Chvostik sign, hypertension, tachycardia, and an acute organic brain syndrome. Cerebrospinal fluid and serum magnesium concentrations can be correlated to the treatment schedule, symptom progression, and electroencephalographic changes.
Electromyography in collagen disease
Authors: R. P. Christopher
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Advances in electronics in the past 20 years have added many new capabilities to diagnostic medicine. Electromyography and motor and sensory nerve conduction studies are results of this progress. These studies have been found to be of value in the diagnosis and management of some of the collagen diseases and their complications. In myopathies, such as polymyositis and dermatomyositis, electromyography is useful in ascertaining the presence of primary muscle degeneration and can be of assistance in choosing a site for muscle biopsy. Motor and sensory nerve conduction studies provide an objective measure of peripheral nerve function and thereby enable the physician to delineate the presence of peripheral and entrapment neuropathies.
Re: Baojun Wang, Qingbo Huang, Kan Liu, et al. Robot-assisted Level III–IV Inferior Vena Cava Thrombectomy: Initial Series with Step-by-step Procedures and 1-yr Outcomes. Eur Urol. In press. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2019.04.019
Authors: Javier González, Gaetano Ciancio
Journal: European Urology (2019)
Recommendations for Use of Folic Acid to Reduce Number of Spina Bifida Cases and Other Neural Tube Defects
Journal: JAMA (1993)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal