tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Extracorporeal detoxification: still debatable
Journal: JAMA (1982)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
DIPG-35. A SIRNA APPROACH FOR TARGETING IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE IDO1 IN PEDIATRIC DIFFUSE INTRINSIC PONTINE GLIOMA
Authors: Alicia Lenzen, Matthew Genet, Kristen L. Lauing, Lijie Zhai, Rishi Lulla, Rintaro Hashizume, Alexander Stegh, Derek A. Wainwright
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2017)

OBJECTIVE/GOALS: The purpose of our project is to delineate the role of indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) in pediatric diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG), and develop therapeutic potential of IDO1 inhibition through small inhibitory (si)RNA oligonucleotides and spherical nucleic acids (SNAs). Our specific aims are: (1) confirm the gene expression, protein levels and enzymatic activity of IDO1 in different human DIPG cell lines; (2) generate and characterize siRNA oligonucleotides specifically targeting human IDO1 for an in vitro targeted approach to validate knockdown of IDO1 expression; and (3) generate and characterize gold nanoparticles for further targeted approach to inhibit IDO1. METHODS/STUDY: Unique patient-derived DIPG cell lines were grown in culture, stimulated with increasing concentrations of IFN-γ, and analyzed by levels of mRNA, protein, enzymatic activity and cell growth. IDO1 small inhibitory (si)RNA were created to target IDO1 specifically, and transfected into cells. SNA generation is currently underway. RESULTS: ANTICIPATED RESULTS: IDO1 is expressed in different human pediatric DIPG cells at the mRNA and protein levels. We created siRNA that specifically targets IDO1 and preliminary results show overall decrease of IDO1 at the mRNA and protein level. Generation of SNA is ongoing for targeted approach and improved blood brain barrier penetration & stability, with anticipated results that siIDO1-SNAs inhibit IDO1 expression and reduce tumorigenesis within brain tumor cells. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: The overall poor prognosis of children with DIPG combined with the lack of effective therapies, emphasizes the importance of understanding the IDO1 pathway and the potential effects of IDO1 inhibition for therapeutically-modulating these devastating tumors. Our research confirms IDO1 presence in DIPG, and the use of nanotechnology and development of siRNA-SNAs for IDO1 inhibition has the capability of direct translatability of therapeutically-valuable data.
Uptight When Upright
Journal: JAMA (1971)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
S1605: Phase II trial of atezolizumab in BCG-unresponsive non-muscle invasive bladder cancer.
Authors: Parminder Singh, Tangen Catherine, Seth P. Lerner, David McConkey, Melissa Plets, M. Scott Lucia, Michael Woods, Trinity Bivalacqua, Wassim Kassouf, Richard Carlton Bangs, Ian Murchie Thompson, Peter C. Black
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

TPS4591 Background: Radical cystectomy is the standard of care for patients with BCG-unresponsive high risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). Based on the reported efficacy of atezolizumab in metastatic urothelial carcinoma and the known expression of PD-L1 expression in NMIBC after BCG therapy, this trial will evaluate the activity of atezolizumab in BCG-unresponsive high risk NMIBC. Methods: This is a single arm phase II trial testing systemic atezolizumab (1200 mg IV) every 3 weeks for one year in 135 patients with BCG-unresponsive high risk NMIBC. The study will enroll 70 patients with CIS (with or without concomitant Ta/T1) and 65 with Ta/T1 only. Patients with CIS at baseline will undergo mandatory repeat biopsy at 6 months, and all other patients only for suspected recurrence. Patients with persistent CIS, high grade Ta/T1 recurrence or progression to muscle invasive or metastatic disease will be taken off treatment. The co-primary endpoints are: (1) complete response (CR) at 6 months in the CIS subgroup, and (2) event-free survival (EFS) at 18 months in the overall population. A hierarchical approach will be used to test the two co-primary endpoints. Secondary endpoints include duration of CR as well as progression-free, cystectomy-free, bladder cancer-specific and overall survival in all patients. Response will be correlated to expression of PD-L1 and CD8 by IHC, and to molecular subtypes and immune signatures by RNA-sequencing. Results: If ≥28 (40%) CIS patients respond, the agent will be considered promising. This design has a significance level of 4.6%, and a power of 96%. If the lower bound of the 90% confidence interval of the 18-month EFS excludes 20%, the investigators will conclude the regimen significantly improves EFS relative to historical data (type I error rate 0.05 and statistical power 0.93). Conclusion:Successful completion of this trial could lead to a new treatment paradigm for patients with BCG-unresponsive high risk NMIBC. Funding: NIH/NCI grants: CA180888, CA180819, CA180820, CA180821, and CA180863. Clinical trial information: NCT02844816.
Contribution of Metals to Respiratory Cancer
Authors: John M. Peters, Duncan Thomas, Henry Falk, Gunter Oberdorster, Thomas J. Smith
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1986)

This paper reviews studies on the adverse health effects of exposure to metals, using arsenic and cadmium as examples. The carcinogenic potential of arsenic has been studied in various settings. Inhalation is clearly related to the development of lung cancer in (copper) smelting and arsenical pesticide manufacturing, and also in heavily exposed wine merchants who had an additional source of exposure by ingestion. Animal studies have shown cadmium to be a lung carcinogen, while a study by Thun et al. provides the best evidence to date that cadmium inhaled as CdO particles may be a human lung carcinogen. On the basis of this latter study, EPA estimates the risk due to cadmium at 1.8 X 10(-3) cases/micrograms/m3, which results in more than 100,000 excess lung cancers (lifetime). For arsenic, the risk estimate of 4.29 cases/1,000 micrograms/m3, based on epidemiologic data also results in more than 100,000 lung cancers (lifetime). This paper reviews the bases for these estimates and presents recommendations for further research. Lung cancer risks also exist for other metals such as nickel, chromium, and beryllium. Further study is required before a definitive conclusion can be reached about the significance and magnitude of environmental exposures to metals as a cause of lung cancer.
Hepatic fibrosis as a predictor of hepatic regenerative activity after partial hepatectomy in the rat
Authors: E MacIntosh
Journal: Hepatology (1993)

Liver regeneration is an essential component of the recovery period after partial hepatectomy. Unfortunately, tests that accurately predict regenerative activity in the postoperative period have yet to be described. This study was designed to determine whether the extent of hepatic fibrosis correlates with liver regeneration activity after partial hepatectomy in rats with carbon tetrachloride–induced liver disease. Two groups of adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (12 to 30/group) were treated for 20 to 22 wk with weekly intragastric doses of carbon tetrachloride or vehicle. All rats then underwent 70% hepatectomy while under ether anesthesia. Liver regeneration activity was determined at 24 and 48 hr by [3H]thymidine incorporation into DNA. Hepatic fibrosis was calculated at the time of partial hepatectomy by automated image analysis on Van Gieson–stained liver tissue. Although a significant inverse correlation was found between the extent of hepatic fibrosis and DNA synthesis when all rats were considered (carbon tetrachloride–treated and vehicle-treated) at 24 and 48 hr after partial hepatectomy (r = –0.4943 and –0.7396, respectively; p < 0.05), no such correlation existed when carbon tetrachloride–treated rats were considered independently (r = –0.3231 and –0.0910 at 24 and 48 hr, respectively). In conclusion, we believe that in diseased livers, preoperative quantitation of hepatic fibrosis on automated image analysis does not serve as a useful predictor of liver regeneration activity. (HEPATOLOGY 1992;17:307–309.)
Diseases of the Blood.
Journal: JAMA (1930)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Stereoselective pharmacokinetics of &lt;I&gt;S&lt;/I&gt;-salbutamol after administration of the racemate in healthy volunteers
Authors: B. Schmekel, I. Rydberg, B. Norlander, K. N. Sjöswärd, J. Ahlner, R. G. G. Andersson
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1999)

Although some studies suggest that asthma deteriorates after reducing inhaled steroids, results of long-term studies indicate that this might not be true for all patients. The aim of this study was to determine the utility of the detection of a plateau on the concentration-response curves to inhaled methacholine as a marker for safely reducing the dose of inhaled budesonide in asthmatic patients who are well-controlled with a moderately high dose of this inhaled steroid. A total of 46 patients with moderate asthma, well-controlled for at least 6 months by treatment with 800 microg budesonide daily, were included in the study. Subjects were treated for a 2-week run-in period with their usual dose of budesonide. At the end of the run-in, all subjects were challenged with methacholine (0.095-200 mg x mL(-1)). Plateau responses, median effective concentration values, slopes and provocative concentration of methacholine causing a 20% fall in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) values were measured. For the subsequent 12 weeks, patients were treated in an open design with budesonide at a reduced dose (200 microg once daily), and were asked to record their peak expiratory flow (PEF) in the morning and in the evening. In addition, asthma symptoms and use of rescue terbutaline were recorded in diaries. Plateaus were present in 24 patients, whereas 22 subjects showed concentration-response curves without evidence of a plateau. Ten patients in the nonplateau group deteriorated after reducing inhaled budesonide, compared to one patient in the plateau group (p = 0.002). In the nonplateau group, FEV1 decreased from a baseline value of 3.28+/-0.19 L to 2.94+/-0.20 L at week 12 (p&lt;0.0001). Likewise, morning PEF decreased from 419+/-19 L x min(-1) at baseline to 394+/-19 L x min(-1) at week 12 (p = 0.02). By contrast, these variables remained unchanged in the plateau group. In conclusion, in asthmatic patients, well-controlled with a moderately high dose of budesonide, the detection of a plateau on the concentration-response curve to inhaled methacholine may be used as a marker for safely reducing the corticosteroid dose.
Chronic pure red cell aplasia caused by parvovirus B19 in AIDS: Use of intravenous immunoglobulin—A report of eight patients
Authors: Prasad Rao Koduri, Rudolf Kumapley, Jose Valladares, Caroline Teter
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1999)

The optimal management of chronic pure red cell aplasia caused by parvovirus B19 (B19-PRCA) in patients with AIDS is unclear. Our purpose was to determine the effects of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) in the treatment of B19-PRCA in patients with AIDS. The patients were eight adults with AIDS admitted during the period 1993–1997. A diagnosis of B19-PRCA was made if all the following criteria were met: 1. Bone marrow biopsy finding of pure red cell aplasia; 2. Detection of parvovirus B19 DNA in serum; and 3. No alternative explanation for PRCA. Initial (induction) therapy was with IVIg 1 g/kg daily for 1–2 days. Relapses were treated with IVIg 1 g/kg for 2 days. Maintenance therapy with IVIg 0.4–1.0 g/kg q 4 weeks was given to those patients who developed a second or subsequent relapse. The patients were followed for a mean of 27 months (range 8–38 months). All patients responded to initial therapy with IVIg. Six patients with CD4 counts <80 cells/mm3 relapsed. The response was short lived in two patients with a CD4 count <80 cells/mm3 who were given a single infusion of IVIg 1 g/kg as initial therapy. Four patients were given regular maintenance IVIg therapy following a second or subsequent relapse and remain in remission. Two patients whose CD4 counts were >300 cells/mm3 remain in continuous unmaintained remission from B19-PRCA for over 8 and 11 months, respectively, following induction therapy with IVIg. AIDS patients with B19-PRCA respond well to therapy with IVIg 2 g/kg given over 2 days. Most patients with CD4 counts of ≤80 cells/mm3 suffer relapse within six months necessitating retreatment with IVIg; maintenance therapy with IVIg 0.4 g/kg q 4 weeks is effective in preventing relapse of B19-PRCA, and may be cost effective. Routine maintenance therapy is probably not indicated in patients with CD4 counts over 300 cells/mm3. Prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings. Am. J. Hematol. 61:16–20, 1999. © 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Letters to the Editor
Authors: Paulo Sakai
Journal: Endoscopy (1984)

See also: Letters to the EditorEndoscopy 1984; 16(04): 162-162DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-1018567 See also: LETTER TO THE EDITOREndoscopy 1984; 16(03): 127-127DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-1018554
Update: Adverse Events Following Smallpox Vaccination—United States, 2003
Journal: JAMA (2003)

During January 24-March 28, 2003, smallpox vaccine was administered to 29,584 civilian health-care and public health workers in 54 jurisdictions as part of an effort to prepare the United States for a terrorist attack using smallpox virus. This report summarizes data on ten cases of cardiac adverse events reported among civilian vaccinees since the beginning of the smallpox vaccination program, including three new cardiac adverse events reported to CDC from the Vaccine Adverse a fall Event Reporting System (VAERS) during March 24-30. Fourteen cases of myocarditis and one fatal myocardial infarction have been reported among military personnel. This report summarizes data on the three new cases of cardiac adverse events, updates data on seven previously reported cases among civilian vaccinees (Table 1), summarizes selected cases of cardiac adverse events among military vaccinees, and updates information on all adverse events reported in the civilian vaccination program as of March 30.
ERRATUM
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

contained an error.The legend for Figure 1 did not include labels for figure parts A-C, and should have been: Fig 1. Proportion of pregnancies resulting in a (A) livebirth, (B) spontaneous or (C) induced abortion (on a logarithmic scale) by age of mother at pregnancy in the combined group of sisters and population comparison women.Solid lines are splines as applied in the age adjustment of risk estimates.The online version has been corrected in departure from the print.
Helping Russia.
Authors: T. Delamothe
Journal: BMJ (1992)

often a great disappointment to us.They come over here and start out as if in deepest Africa, spending a great deal oftime and money arriving at conclusions we ourselves reached long ago."Indeed, the consensus of opinion in Poland is that too much loan and grant money from the European Community, the World Health Organisation, the World Bank, and other smaller agencies such as the British Know-How Fund, is being misused or wasted, often squandered on unnecessarily elaborate studies carried out by Western consultants."Too many advisers, not enough aid," was a comment I heard all too frequently.In the words of Dr Karski: "We already have the 'know' it's the 'how' we need help with."Health Care in Russia Helping Russia
151O Preclinical characterization of alofanib, a novel allosteric FGFR2 inhibitor
Authors: I. Tsimafeyeu, E. Stepanova, D. Khochenkov, G. Murillo, N. Lapina, E. Gavrilova, M. Byakhov, S. Tjulandin
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2016)
Amebiasis
Authors: Joseph H. Nicholson, Frank A. De Dominicis
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1947)

NOW that World War II is over, it will be well to remember that a large part of the armed forces have seen service in areas heavily infected with Endamoeba histolytica. Most of these men and women have returned to their homes in the United States. A certain portion of them will have become infected with E. histolytica. The long incubation period of amebiasis, the comparatively mild nature of its symptomatology in many cases, the long period of symptom-free remissions and its tendency to recur merely emphasize the necessity that its presence be recognized. It is essential to . . .
The duty to attend upon the sick
Authors: P. J. Imperato
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —We appreciate the survey evidence reported by Imperato supporting our finding that New York City experienced a greater decline in house staff recruitment than did the four comparison low-AIDS cities or the nation during the 1980s.<sup>1</sup>Indeed, we cited that work and considered it when we suggested that AIDS may have contributed to the trends we observed. We also agree that it is possible, as Clarke and Conley suggest, that match applicants did not distinguish between high- and low-AIDS programs but "chose to avoid the city entirely."<sup>2</sup> However, if, as Dr Imperato suggests, AIDS primarily accounted for our findings, we would not have expected to find as we did that New York City municipal hospitals alone accounted for the overall drop in matches to New York City. During the study period, both high-AIDS and low-AIDS voluntary residency programs experienced no absolute decline in number of matches
Book Review Diseases of Women . By Harry S. Crossen, M.D., and Robert J. Crossen, M.D. Ninth edition, entirely revised and reset. 4°, cloth, 962 pp., with 1127 engravings, including 45 in color. St. Louis: The C. V. Mosby Company, 1941. $12.50.
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1942)
Gastrointestinal Polyposis with Mucocutaneous Pigmentation (Peutz–Jeghers Syndrome)
Authors: Thomas L. Dormandy
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1957)

Pigmentation Historical. If in several early cases of gastrointestinal polyposis the characteristic pigmentation of the Peutz–Jeghers syndrome may have passed unnoticed, the reverse is certainly true. Jeghers31 and his associates, in a careful review of the literature, called attention to the first account of such cases by Sir Jonathan Hutchinson.30 His patients were female twins who, at the age of twelve, showed the characteristic pigmentation but had no evidence of gastrointestinal disease. "That they [the pigmented spots] are not in any active sense pathological we may safely assume," wrote Sir Jonathan, "for they remain nonaggressive and their subjects remain . . .
How will the Two-Weeks-Wait Rule Affect Delays in Management of Urological Cancers?
Authors: K R Subramonian, S Puranik, G R Mufti
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2003)

The UK National Health Service has now specified a maximum interval of two weeks between general practitioner (GP) referral and specialist assessment for patients with suspected cancer. We examined progress through the cancer pathway in 160 patients with potentially curable cancers of the prostate, bladder, kidney and testis before implementation of this rule. Median intervals with interquartile ranges were quantified from the first GP consultation to hospital referral, then to the first hospital consultation, confirmation of diagnosis and definitive surgery. 34% of patients were seen at the hospital within two weeks of referral. The overall median interval from GP consultation to radical surgery was 137 days, the longest being for prostate cancer (median 244). For prostate, bladder and renal cancers the principal element of delay was from the time of diagnosis to surgery (76, 73 and 26 days respectively). These results indicate that, under the two-weeks-wait rule, 2 out of every 3 patients achieve earlier initial assessment. However, the overall delay will not be substantially reduced without concomitant increases in diagnostic facilities, theatre time and human resources.
BOOK REVIEWS
Authors: J. CARMICHAEL
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1992)

Journal Article BOOK REVIEWS Get access Molecular and Clinical Advances in Anticancer Drug Resistance Robert F. Ozols , ed. Boston : Kluwer Acad. Publ. , 1991 . 308 pp., illus. $125. ISBN 0-7923-1212-0 JAMES CARMICHAEL, M.D., M.R.C.P JAMES CARMICHAEL, M.D., M.R.C.P Clinical Oncology Unit Churchill HospitalOxford, OX3 7LJ England Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 84, Issue 22, 18 November 1992, Pages 1752–1753, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/84.22.1752 Published: 18 November 1992