tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Lineages of language and the diagnosis of asthma
Authors: Gopalakrishnan Netuveli, Brian Hurwitz, Aziz Sheikh
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2007)

Asthma, wheeze and cough are words with profoundly differing histories, etymologies and meanings. Yet their medical usage today is clustered around the diagnosis and management of a single disease. Hitherto, asthma has been a clinical diagnosis but wheeze, cough and asthma now are key terms in cross-cultural questionnaire surveys which seek information on asthma prevalence. In this essay, we examine differences in the linguistic properties of terms likely to be relevant to interpreting large-scale variations in asthma prevalence uncovered by questionnaires. We show how etymologically distinct each term is: while asthma and cough each share semantic congruencies across six European languages, albeit for different reasons, there is less congruence across these languages for the term wheeze. The medical meanings of all three terms contrast with meanings revealed by the non-medical usage of all three terms, which are highly figurative. Linguistic considerations indicate that interpretation of international questionnaires that phrase questions in terms of cough, asthma and their derivatives are likely to be more reliable for the purposes of comparing prevalence than those which deploy questions phrased in terms of wheeze.
Medical Discipline
Journal: JAMA (1975)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Effect of Mineral Particles Containing Iron on Primary Cultures of Rabbit Tracheal Epithelial Cells: Possible Implication of Oxidative Stress
Authors: Catherine Guilianelli, Armelle Baeza-Squiban, Emmanuelle Boisvieux-Ulrich, Odile Houcine, Roger Zalma, Christiane Guennou, Henri Pezerat, Francelyne Marano
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1993)

Environmental mineral particles such as asbestos are responsible for numerous respiratory diseases. In addition to effects related to their geometry, particles are now assumed to act by triggering an oxidative stress process. Iron-containing particles, in particular, can produce oxygen-activated species by oxidizing their iron. To evaluate the involvement of iron-containing particles in respiratory diseases, three mineral particles (chrysotile, nemalite, and hematite) were tested in primary cultures of tracheal epithelium. Because of the ciliary beat, the three mineral particles were quickly concentrated at the periphery of the mucociliary epithelium, reconstituted in vitro where they induced cellular lesions. Endocytosis of the three types of particles was observed. Cytotoxicity studies have indicated that among the tested particles, the most cytostatic after 24 hr of treatment was the one that contained more Fe2+ available on the surface, nemalite. Moreover, the effect of nemalite was reduced by pretreatment with desferrioxamine. As mineral particles, especially asbestos, are suspected to induce squamous metaplasia, we chose to study two specific transformations of the epithelium: the expression of cytokeratin-13 and the formation of cross-linked envelopes. Under our culture conditions, nemalite and chrysotile increased the expression of the cytokeratin-13, a specific marker of squamous metaplasia, whereas nemalite was the only particle able to strongly induce the formation of cross-linked envelopes. Nemalite was the most cytostatic particle and the most efficient at inducing squamous metaplasia. Measures of oxidizing power by electron-spin resonance revealed that nemalite produced the most oxygen-activated species.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Physical Diagnosis
Journal: JAMA (1941)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Activation analysis.
Journal: BMJ (1967)

Allergic GastroenteropathyThe combination of oedema of obscure origin, hypoalbuminaemia, and gastrointestinal disturbance suggests the possibility of exudative enteropathy or protein-losing gastroenteropathy.This syndrome may be associated with giant hypertrophy of the gastric rugae,1 regional ileitis and ulcerative colitis,2 sprue,3 intestinal lipodystrophy,4 gastric carcinoma," intestinal lymphangiectasia,' constrictive peri- carditis and congenital atrial septal defect," neonatal steatorrhea with small-bowel dysfunction," and hypoganimaglobulinaemia.' To this growing list of causes of protein- losing gastroenteropathy may now be added a group of six young children with oedema, extreme hypoproteinaemia,
Time-tested 'hospital' planes, crews ready for routine or disaster situations
Authors: P. Gunby
Journal: JAMA (1994)

ARMY PARATROOPERS who survived the fiery aircraft crash in North Carolina are being treated at the military's unique burn center at Brooke Army Medical Center, Fort Sam Houston, San Antonio, Tex (<i>JAMA</i>. 1991;265: 1917-1922). These burn victims, their comrades who were taken to Texas later, and numerous other military patients have some of the world's most unusual airplanes to thank for a swift, medically supported trip. The aircraft involved are C-9A Nightingales, specially modified versions of the McDonnell Douglas DC-9 twin-jet commercial airliner. Aeromedical evacuation of course is nothing new—a hot-air balloon having been used for that purpose during the 1870 siege of Paris, France, and the first known plan to transport patients by airplane having been proposed by US Army officers in 1910 (<i>JAMA</i>. 1945;127:525) —and neither are the C-9As, the first of which began US Air Force service 26 years ago (<i>JAMA</i>. 1968;205:30-31). However, the C-9As now are
MEDICAL SERVICE ON OCEAN VESSELS.
Journal: JAMA (1884)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Emergency Medicine
Authors: Arthur B. Sanders
Journal: JAMA (1989)

Emergency medicine continues to make progress in resuscitation, prehospital care, trauma, and toxicology. Approximately 500 000 people in the United States die each year from coronary artery disease. Although the number has decreased over the past two decades, sudden cardiac death represents about 25% of all deaths in the United States. Survival from cardiac arrest depends on the prompt institution of advanced life support, particularly electrical defibrillation. Since about 65% of cardiac arrests occur outside the hospital, strategies have been developed to minimize time until defibrillation in the community. During the past year, studies have confirmed the usefulness of automatic external defibrillators in improving survival from cardiac arrest.<sup>1,2</sup>Automatic defibrillators are capable of analyzing the cardiac rhythm and delivering or advising resuscitators to deliver an electrical shock. The usefulness of this device depends on the emergency medical services system available in each community. Automatic external defibrillators will have the
Staphylococcal nasal carriage and subsequent infection in peritoneal dialysis patients
Authors: C. M. Sewell
Journal: JAMA (1982)

Thirty patients undergoing long-term home-based peritoneal dialysis were monitored for 13 months for carriage of<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>in the nares and for the development of infectious complications. The patients could be divided into three groups with regard to S aureus carriage: chronic, intermittent, and noncarriers. Twenty-five episodes of peritonitis and 20 episodes of catheter exit-site infections occurred during 268 patient-months of observation.<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>accounted for eight episodes of peritonitis and 12 episodes of exit-site infection. Chronic and intermittent carriers of<i>S aureus</i>were found to be at higher risk of development of infection than noncarriers. (<i>JAMA</i>1982;248:1493-1495)
Designer Drugs
Authors: Peter L. Putnam
Journal: JAMA (1988)

Designer drugs, like designer clothes, are produced to sell. They are created and marketed to a clientele of growing size that is looking for an ever more varied or specific experience in a recreational drug. The designer drug is usually a variation on a previously controlled substance. These drugs, which are manufactured by altering the chemical structure of narcotics, stimulants, or other recreational drugs, produce similar effects. Often, as in the case of "Ecstasy," the effect is preferred to that of the original drug. Crack has been successfully marketed because its use replaces free-basing in convenient form. It is easily produced from cocaine with little equipment. Similarly, phencyclidine (PCP) can be produced in almost any home or garage laboratory by anyone who is willing and able to follow a simple cookbook. Synthetic narcotics many times as potent as natural narcotics can be produced by a chemist who has a little
Benefits of the low pressure multichannel endotracheal ventilation.
Authors: D Pinquier, D Pavlovic, G Boussignac, M Aubier, F Beaufils
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1996)

Mechanical ventilation using a modified endotracheal tube, allowing bypass and washout of the endotracheal dead space (McETV), was compared with conventional controlled mechanical ventilation (CMV) in healthy and in surfactant-depleted rabbits. In healthy animals, shifting from CMV to McETV led to an increase in PaO2 (89 +/- 16 versus 104 +/- 13 mm Hg; p < 0.05) and a decrease in PaCO2 (41.5 +/- 3 versus 30 +/- 3 mm Hg; p < 0.05). As a result of reducing the peak inspiratory pressure (PIP) from 21 +/- 2 to 12 +/- 2 cm H2O (p < 0.05), it was possible in McETV mode to maintain comparable ventilation to that achieved by CMV. In surfactant-depleted animals, compared with CMV, McETV produced a rise in PaO2 without change in thoracic volume (from 100 +/- 40 to 150 +/- 60 mm Hg, p < 0.05) and a fall in PaCO2 (from 46 +/- 5 to 37 +/- 4 mm Hg, p < 0.05). After 4 h of ventilation, the surfactant-depleted animals from the CMV group developed thoracic overdistension quicker (at hour 1, p < 0.05) and, consequently, more animals died from pneumothorax compared with the McETV group (five versus two). We concluded that McETV ensured adequate gas exchanges with lower insufflation pressures and could diminish positive pressure ventilation-induced injury.
Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Sudden onset following hypophysectomy in an acromegalic patient
Authors: E. M. Bunick
Journal: JAMA (1977)

A euglycemic woman with acromegaly contracted conspicuous hyperglycemia two hours following transphenoidal hypophysectomy. Insulin therapy was initiated and has by necessity been continued. The development in the immediate postoperative period of blood glucose levels ranging from 300 to 500 mg/dl was totally unexpected, as the levels on the preoperative oral glucose tolerance test were normal. No explanation for this sudden development of hyperglycemia is apparent. Therefore, frequent monitoring of the blood glucose level is necessary in all acromegalic patients following hypophysectomy, even if they are euglycemic prior to surgery. (<i>JAMA</i>238:1047-1048, 1977)
LETTER FROM NEW YORK.
Authors: None P.B.P.
Journal: JAMA (1891)

(FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT.) In the possession of some descendants of John Murray, who was treasurer of the New York Hospital, nearly a hundred years ago, there are some very interesting reports of that venerable institution in its early days which your correspondent has lately had the opportunity of examining. These reports, or rather circulars of information, which are naturally yellow with age, but in an excellent condition of preservation, are printed on a single sheet of four quarto pages. The first of them commences as follows: <h3>NO. I. CHARITY EXTENDED TO ALL. STATE OF THE NEW YORK HOSPITAL FOR THE YEAR 1797.</h3> Below this is a wood-cut of the hospital building on lower Broadway, the front of which was about 125 feet in length. Then comes a list of the officers and governors, and this is followed by the names of the medical staff, the descendents of some of whom
Failure of cephalosporins to prevent Staphylococcus aureus surgical wound infections
Authors: D. S. Kernodle
Journal: JAMA (1990)

Approximately 35 000<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>surgical wound infections occur annually in the United States. To investigate why<i>S aureus</i>causes infection despite the perioperative administration of cephalosporins, we compared 35 methicillin-susceptible isolates recovered from deep wound infections that complicated cefazolin prophylaxis (18 of 1650 patients) and cefamandole prophylaxis (17 of 3702 patients) with 64 colonizing isolates from presurgical patients. Compared with both colonizing and cefamandole-associated isolates,<i>S aureus</i>isolates from cefazolin-associated infections were more resistant to cefazolin by specialized assays.<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>isolates that produced the A and C variants of staphylococcal β-lactamase were associated with infections following cefazolin and cefamandole prophylaxis, respectively. These isolates hydrolyze the respective cephalosporins rapidly, suggesting that staphylococcal survival after perioperative prophylaxis may be mediated by in vivo degradation of the prophylactically administered cephalosporin. These data indicate that some<i>S aureus</i>wound infections occur because of deficiencies in antimicrobial effectiveness that are not detectable by routine susceptibility tests. This finding has important implications for the therapy and prevention of<i>S aureus</i>infection. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1990;263:961-966)
Editorial Board
Authors: Matthew Keefe, J Nowakowski, Natali Chanaday, Ege Kavalali, Maximilian Christ, Albrecht Clement, Christian Behl, Xiyue Wang, Xiao-Lin Chou, Li Zhang, Huizhong Tao, Robert Fettiplace, Richard Smith, Christopher Walsh, Yisi Zhang, Asif Ghazanfar, Moran Furman, Jessica Miles, Fred Kop, Patrick Scheffmann, Silvia Arber, Anders Björklund, J Paul Bolam, Sarah Bottjer, Rui Costa, Ann Marie, Craig Barry, J Dickson, Chris Doe, Craig Garner, Yukiko Goda, Kenneth Harris, Nancy Ip, Meyer Jackson, Maria Karayiorgou, Robert Malenka, Mark Mattson, Freda Miller, Richard Morris, Maiken Nedergaard, Eric Nestler, Anna Roe, Hitoshi Sakano, Greg Stuart, Marc Tessier-Lavigne
Journal: Trends in Neurosciences (2020)
Announcements
Authors: Giovanni A. Fava, Nancy J. Keuthen, Richard L. O'Sullivan, Caroline F. Hayday, Kathleen E. Peets, Michael A. Jenike, Lee Baer, Kathleen O'Donnell, Joyce Y. Chung, L. Baider, T. Peretz, A. Kaplan De-Nour, Antonio L. Zadra, Robert O. Pihl, Massimo Biondi, Luca-Gionata Zannino, M. Bouvard, E. Mollard, J. Guerin, J. Cottraux
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1997)
P164 Porphyromonas gingivalis experimentally induces periodontis and an anti-CCP2-associated arthritis in the rat
Authors: G Courbon, M Rinaudo-Gaujous, V Blasco-Baque, I Auger, R Caire, L Mijola, L Vico, S Paul, H Marotte
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2019)

<h3>Career situation of first and presenting author</h3> Post-doctoral fellow. <h3>Introduction</h3> Association between periodontal disease (PD) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has been extensively described, but direct evidence of causal involvement of PD in RA is missing. <h3>Objectives</h3> We investigated the priming role of oral <i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i> (<i>P.gingivalis</i>) in PD and subsequent RA and we assessed biomarkers of bone resorption and arthritis development in rats. <h3>Methods</h3> Lewis rats were orally exposed to either <i>P.gingivalis</i>, <i>Prevotella intermedia</i> or control gel for one month, and then followed during 8 months. The onset and development of PD was assessed by serology, gingivitis severity, and micro-computed tomography (µCT). We investigated arthritis development using circulating pro-inflammatory markers, anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (CCP), anti-citrullinated protein antibody (ACPA), ankle histology, and µCT. <h3>Results</h3> PD was only observed in the <i>P.gingivalis</i> treated rats, as early as one month post-exposure. Joint and systemic inflammation were detected only in the <i>P.gingivalis</i> group after 4 and 8 months. At 8 months, inflammatory cell infiltrate was observed in ankle joints, and paralleled cortical erosions and overall cortical bone reduction. Furthermore, anti-CCP2 correlated with local and systemic bone loss. <h3>Conclusions</h3> In our long term study, PD induced by oral exposure to <i>P.gingivalis</i> triggered seropositive arthritis, with systemic inflammation and bone erosions. This is the first <i>in vivo</i> demonstration of arthritis induced by oral priming with <i>P.gingivalis</i>. <h3>Reference</h3> Marotte H, Farge P, Gaudin P, Alexandre C, Mougin B, Miossec P. The association between periodontal disease and joint destruction in rheumatoid arthritis extends the link between the HLA-DR shared epitope and severity of bone destruction. <i>Ann Rheum Dis</i> 2006;65:905–909. <h3>Acknowledgements</h3> This work was funded by <b>Ai</b>de à la <b>Re</b>cherche médicale de proximité (AIRE) and Aide à la Recherche Médicale Ondaine et Environs. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> G. Courbon: None declared, M. Rinaudo-Gaujous: None declared, V. BLASCO-BAQUE: None declared, I. Auger: None declared, R. CAIRE: None declared, L. Mijola: None declared, L. Vico: None declared, S. Paul : None declared, H. Marotte Grant/research support from: Pfizer, AbbVie,Nordic Pharma, BMS, Consultant for: Pfizer, AbbVie,Nordic Pharma, MSD, UCB, BMS, Novartis, Lilly, Roche Chugai, Janssen, Biogen, Biogaran, Sanofi.
Legal Implications of Photographing Surgical Operations
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Occurrence of Polychlorinated Terphenyls (PCTs) in Indoor Particulate Matter
Authors: Ulrich Seidel, Ernst Schweizer, Fritz Schweinsberg, Roman Wodarz, Albert Wolfgang Rettenmeier
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1996)

In the course of a routine investigation concerned with polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) contamination of dust collected in classrooms of a junior high school, a group of electron capture detector (ECD)-sensitive compounds with high boiling points were found in addition to PCBs. Using gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric techniques, these compounds were identified as polychlorinated terphenyls (PCTs). Additional measurements indicated that the PCTs were present only in particulate matter collected from the tops of fluorescent light frames but not in air samples obtained concomitantly in the classrooms. Attempts to identify the PCT emission source were unsuccessful. A survey of the literature revealed that PCTs are ubiquitously distributed environmental contaminants, although no data on their indoor occurrence have been reported to date. In view of the toxic effects of PCTs, which seem to be as important as those of PCBs, further attention should be given to the possible presence of PCTs in indoor environments.