tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Hepatobiliary/clinical
Authors: M Vincenzi, F Benini, M Martinelli, D Vincenzi, H Waldum, G Qvigstad, R Marvik, E Brenna, U Syversen, A Sandvik, H Dammann, D Wenderoth, P Grigoriev, A Yakovenko, W Zhukhovitski, Yu Ezepchuk, Yu Shumakov, T Domaradskaya, D Acero, L Vidal, T Butina~, F Gonzalez-Huix, M Figa, S Soler, M Sala, V Glinkova, B Manevska
Journal: Gut (1994)

37 Faenza (RA), Italy Objective: To evaluate the long term efficacy on Helicobacter pylori (HP) in- fection and to compare the course of ulcerous disease after therapy in pts with and without eradication.Design: Pts treated using omeprazole plus amoxicillin in an open trial with a 2-year follow-up.Patients and Methods: Fifty pts (31 men and 19 women) with gastric or duodenal ulcerous disease were treated using omeprazole (40 mg/day) for 6 wks and amoxicillin (2 g/day) for the first 12 days.Clinical examination, endoscopy of the upper alimentary tract including histologic search for HP were performed before therapy, at 5 wks after therapy, and at 12-and 24- mos follow-up.Serology with search for IgG antibodies to HP (Bio-Rad GAP test) was performed before therapy and 6, 12, 24 mos after therapy.Results: Forty (80%) pts were eradicated.At 12 mos, the proportion of reinfection was 10% (4 pts); at 24 mos, 17.5% (7 pts).At 12 mos, the proportion of ulcer relapses in reinfected HP positive pts was 75.4% vs 100% at 24 mos, comparable to that of noneradicated pts.At 12 mos, no relapse was seen in HP negative pts; at 24 mos, the proportion was 10.4% (3 pts) (P < 0.001).Serologic pattern was consistent with the clinical picture.Conclusions: HP eradication induced by therapy using omeprazole plus amoxicillin is a condition that remains stable enough for at least 2 years, with a consequent change in the natural history of the ulcerous disease.
Distal cT2N0 rectal cancer: Is there an alternative to abdominoperineal resection?
Authors: R. Rengan, P. Paty, W. D. Wong, J. Guillem, M. Weiser, L. Temple, L. Saltz, B. D. Minsky
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

3578 Background: Patients with clinical T2N0 (cT2N0) distal rectal cancer do not require adjuvant therapy. However, when a patient refuses an abdominoperineal resection (APR) is there an alternative? The purpose of this analysis was to determine whether preoperative external beam radiation therapy can increase the rate of sphincter preservation for patients with distal cT2N0 adenocarcinoma of the rectum. Methods: Between 4/88 and 10/03, 27 patients with distal rectal adenocarcinoma staged T2 by clinical examination and/or endorectal ultrasound who were judged pre-treatment by the operating surgeon to require an APR were treated with preoperative pelvic radiation (50.4 Gy). TME surgery was performed 4–7 weeks later. If pathologic positive pelvic nodes were identified postoperative adjuvant 5-FU based chemotherapy was recommended. The median follow-up was 55 months (9–140 months). Results: The pathologic complete response rate was 15% and 78% of patients underwent a sphincter-sparing procedure. The crude incidence of local failure for patients undergoing a sphincter sparing procedure was 10% and the 5-year actuarial incidence was 13%. The actuarial 5-year survival for all patients was overall: 90%, colostomy free: 81%, and disease free: 65%. Using the 1991 MSKCC sphincter function score, 76% of those undergoing a sphincter-sparing procedure had good/excellent bowel function. Conclusions: Our data suggest that for patients with cT2N0 distal rectal cancer who require an APR, preoperative pelvic radiation improves sphincter preservation without an apparent compromise in local control or survival. This treatment strategy provides an excellent functional and oncologic outcome and may be considered as an alternative to APR in these patients. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Essays
Journal: JAMA (2001)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Attempts at Changing Diet and Exercise to Lower Risk of Coronary Heart Disease and Stroke: Who’s Doing What in the Community?
Authors: Randal J Thomas, Thomas E Kottke, Mark Brekke, Catherine Brandel, Stephen DeBoer
Journal: Circulation (2001)

P90 Background and Methods:While only a minority of the population follows a low fat diet and does daily physical activity, it is unclear how much of the population is trying to improve these lifestyle habits. We carried out a telephone survey of 1232 adults, &gt;20 years of age, from Olmsted County, MN to assess their attempts at improving their dietary and exercise habits to lower their risk of developing heart disease and stroke. Results: Fifty-nine percent of respondents reported making attempts to improve exercise habits, 71% reported attempts to improve their eating habits, and 50% reported trying to improve both habits. In all, 80% reported trying to improve exercise and/or dietary habits. Of those trying to change exercise habits, 69% reported at least some physical activity on a daily basis (Pearson correlation = 0.34). Of those attempting to change dietary habits, 31% reported eating at least five servings of fruits and vegetables each day (Pearson correlation = 0.14). After multivariate adjustment, attempts to change diet or exercise were highest in persons trying to lose or maintain weight, and persons who reported having received previous physician advice to change diet and exercise habits. Conclusions: The majority of people in Olmsted County, MN are attempting to change their exercise and dietary habits to reduce their risk of coronary heart disease and stroke. Still, only a minority are meeting recommended dietary and physical activity goals. Since most people are in the action phase of exercise and dietary behavioral change, health promotion messages should include information on how best to improve and maintain these health habits. Furthermore, since report of receiving physician advice is correlated with attempts to change lifestyle habits and since only 44% of the population reports receiving such advice, there is an opportunity for health care providers to impact their patients lives by advising them on how to make improvements in their dietary and exercise habits.
INVESTIGATION AND TREATMENT OF ENDOCRINOLOGICAL DISORDERS
Authors: Barbara Clayton, A.Stuart Mason, BarbaraJ. Boucher, W.M. Hunter, R. Hoffenberg, D.N. Baron, W.J. Irvine, T.R.C. Fraser, R. Hall, A.L. Latner, D.S. Munro, G.M. Besser, J. Landon, V.H.T. James, V. Marks, R.I.S. Bayliss, W. Melville Arnott, W.R. Butt, R.F. Fletcher, R. Gaddie, W. Van't Hoff, D.R. London, P.H.W. Rayner, P. Scott
Journal: The Lancet (1972)
Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP) as a Marker of Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor (AhR) Function in Developing Zebrafish (Danio rerio)
Authors: Carolyn J. Mattingly, John A. McLachlan, William A. Toscano
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2001)

We developed an inducible in vivo reporter system to examine expression of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) during development in zebrafish (Danio rerio). AhR is a ligand-activated transcription factor that mediates the toxic actions of environmental contaminants such as 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD). Induction of cytochrome P4501A1 (CYP1A1) is an early biomarker of AhR activation. A 1905 base pair region of the human CYP1A1 promoter/enhancer region was regulated by AhR in zebrafish liver cells after exposure to TCDD (10 nM) in a transient transfection assay. This regulatory region was fused to the cDNA sequence encoding green fluorescent protein (GFP) of jellyfish (Aequorea victoria). Transgenic zebrafish were generated to express this AhR-regulated GFP construct. Injected fish exposed to TCDD exhibited induction of GFP in the eye, nose, and vertebrae of zebrafish embryos (48 and 72 hr after fertilization) compared to vehicle controls (DMSO), which did not express GFP. To investigate whether AhR-regulated GFP expression correlated with sites of TCDD toxicity, we exposed wild-type zebrafish to DMSO or TCDD and examined them for morphologic abnormalities. By 5 days after fertilization, TCDD-exposed fish exhibited gross dysmorphogenesis in cranio-facial and vertebral development.
Poliomyelitis with Especial Reference to the Treatment.
Journal: JAMA (1928)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Value of FIB-4 and NAFLD fibrosis scores for screening of liver fibrosis in the general population
Authors: Isabel Graupera, Miquel Serra-Burriel, Maja Thiele, Llorenç Caballeria, Dominique Roulot, Grace Lai-Hung Wong, Núria Fabrellas, Neil Guha, Anita Arslanow, Carmen Expósito, Rosario Hernández, Guruprasad Aithal, Peter Galle, Vincent Wai-Sun Wong, Frank Lammert, Pere Ginès, Castera Laurent, Aleksander Krag
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2020)
Medical News
Journal: JAMA (1921)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Sex in the age of AIDS calls for common sense and 'condom sense'
Authors: M. F. Goldsmith
Journal: JAMA (1987)

ANY MAYPOLE erected today ought to be covered with a condom. That's the conclusion one might well reach after talking with physicians and others concerned with the expression of sexuality in 1987. Sheathing the ancient fertility symbol would negate its raison d'être, but it would surely focus attention on the horrific truth that the male member now may convey the seeds of death as well as of life. Getting people to recognize this fact and take the necessary steps to protect themselves and/or their partners from sexually transmitted diseases (STDs)— foremost among them acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)—during coitus was the aim of a recent conference in Atlanta. The meeting was the first of its kind to be held in this country, according to its sponsors, the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), American Social Health Association, and Family Health International. Participants in the conference, titled "Condoms in the Prevention of Sexually
Nab-paclitaxel plus gemcitabine or plus simplified LV5FU2 as first-line therapy in patients with metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma: A GERCOR randomized phase II study (AFUGEM).
Authors: Pascal Hammel, Jean Baptiste Bachet, Jérôme Desramé, Aurelia Meurisse, Benoist Chibaudel, Philippe Debourdeau, Jérôme Dauba, Thierry Lecomte, Jean-François Seitz, Christophe Tournigand, Thomas Aparicio, Veronique Guerin-Meyer, Julien Taieb, Julien Volet, Amandine Monier, Dewi Vernerey, Franck Bonnetain, Christophe Louvet
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

4120 Background: nab-paclitaxel plus gemcitabine regimen (NABGEM) became a standard in patients (pts) with metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma (mPAC). The AFUGEM trial evaluated the efficacy and safety of nab-paclitaxel plus simplified LV5FU2 (NABFU). Methods: Main eligibility criteria were: untreated mPAC, ECOG PS ≤ 2. Pts received nab-paclitaxel (125 mg/m² on d1, 8 and 15) plus gemcitabine (1000 mg/m² on d1, 8 and 15) or plus simplified LV5FU2 (leucovorin 400 mg/m², 5FU bolus 400 mg/m² followed by 2400 mg/m² given as a 46-hour continuous infusion on d1 and 15), one cycle every 4 weeks in both arms, ratio 1:2, respectively. The primary end point was observed progression-free survival (PFS) rate at 4 months (m). A Fleming 2-stage design was used with a targeted (H1) 4m-PFS rate of 50% in NABFU arm and an uninteresting 35% rate (H0, unilateral alpha of 5% and power of 80%). Results: 114 pts were included: NABGEM n = 39, NABFU n = 75. Baseline characteristics were well balanced: median age 66 years (45-86), male gender 61.4%, head tumor 43.8%, ≥ 2 metastatic sites 36.8%, ECOG PS 0-1 84.2% and 2 15.8%; at the exception of pain more frequent in the NABFU arm (38.5% vs 56.0%). In mITT population, the observed 4m-PFS rates were of 53.9% [95% CI 38.2%-69.5%] in NABGEM and 55.4% [95% CI 44.1%-66.7%] in NABFU; objective response rates were 39.5% [95% CI 23.9-55.0] and 35.1% [95% CI 24.3-46.0], respectively. After a median follow-up of 16.9 m, median PFS were 4.9 m [95% CI 2.1-7.7] in NABGEM and 6.0 m [95% CI 4.1-7.6] in NABFU; median overall survivals were 9.2 m [95% CI 6.0-13.6] and 11.4 m [95% CI 8.8-16.6], respectively [HR = 0.64; 95% CI 0.41-1.01]. Grade 3-4 adverse events were more frequent in NABGEM (78.9%) than in NABFU (71.6%) with more anemia (10.5% vs 5.4%), thrombocytopenia (10.5% vs 0%), ALAT (13.2% vs 4.1%), ASAT (13.2% vs 5.4%) and bilirubin (5.3% vs 1.4%) increase but less mucositis (2.6% vs 8.1%) and sensitive neuropathy (7.9% vs 18.9%). Conclusions: Nab-paclitaxel plus simplified LV5FU2 appears at least as active as gemcitabine plus nab-paclitaxel in mPAC. The toxicity profile is safe and tolerable. This regimen deserves evaluation in a phase III trial. Clinical trial information: NCT01964534.
LeVeen shunt dislodgement
Authors: G. A. Vaida
Journal: JAMA (1980)

SINCE its introduction as a treatment for ascites in 1974, the LeVeen peritoneovenous shunt has seen expanded use in certain medical centers. Preliminary results generally have been favorable,<sup>1-4</sup>although unsatisfactory outcomes are reported.<sup>3,5,6</sup>Many are encouraged by the often quick, readily quantifiable results obtained with this device in conditions whose traditional medical treatment may imply prolonged hospitalization and many times results in only temporary improvement. The peritoneovenous shunt is now increasingly being recommended for all patients who either do not respond to medical therapy with a prompt loss of their ascites or who are difficult to treat medically.<sup>7</sup> <h3>Report of a Case</h3> This was the second Thomas Jefferson University Hospital (Philadelphia) admission for a 65-year-old male chronic alcoholic whose chief complaints were dyspnea and increasing abdominal girth. The patient had been well until Oct 3, 1977, when he came to the Jefferson Accident Ward with a new onset
Teenage birth rates in England and Wales are highest in Europe
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Alcohol misusers reduce risks of surgery if they stop drinkingDuring recent years several studies have shown that alcohol misusers who drink at least five drinks a day have increased postoperative morbidity.On p 1311 Tønnesen et al report the results of the first randomised study of an intervention to reduce this morbidity-that is, one month of abstinence from alcohol (controlled with disulfiram) before surgery for colorectal resection.They found that the intervention group experienced a reduced rate of complications after the operation, possible because of improved organ function and reduced responses to surgical stress.The authors recommend preoperative assessment of alcohol misuse and withdrawal for one month before operation.
The Pathology and Treatment of Displacement of the Uterus.
Journal: JAMA (1889)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Organ Market
Authors: Stuart J. Youngner
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
THE WORLD'S FOOD SUPPLY
Journal: JAMA (1920)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Helicobacter pylori infection induces duodenitis and superficial duodenal ulcer in Mongolian gerbils
Authors: T Ohkusa
Journal: Gut (2003)

<b>Background:</b> There is no direct evidence for an animal model of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> induced duodenal ulcer. <b>Aim:</b> In this study we evaluated the roles of bacterial strain and age of experimental animals in induction of duodenitis and duodenal ulcer in Mongolian gerbils after <i>H pylori</i> infection. <b>Methods:</b> Specific pathogen free Mongolian gerbils were inoculated orally with three bacterial strains (<i>H pylori</i> ATCC 43504, TN2GF4, and K-6, a clinical isolate from a patient with gastric cancer in our clinic). These strains have both the <i>cagA</i> gene and VacA. Five week old gerbils were used to emulate prematurity infection and 14 week old animals were used as mature test subjects. Animals were observed for 12 weeks after inoculation. Interleukin 8 (IL-8) production in gastric epithelial cells (MKN74) after coculture with the <i>H pylori</i> strains was measured by ELISA. <b>Results:</b> Gastritis and gastric ulcers were found in all gerbils infected with the three strains. However, duodenitis and gastric metaplasia were seen more frequently in gerbils infected with TN2GF4 and K-6 strains than in the ATCC 43504 infected or control groups (p&lt;0.05). Superficial duodenal ulcers with severe duodenitis and gastric metaplasia were found in two gerbils inoculated at 14 weeks with the TN2GF4 strain but none at five weeks. The TN2GF4 strain stimulated significantly higher levels of IL-8 than ATCC 43504 and K6 strains (p=0.0039). <b>Conclusions:</b> When injected into adult Mongolian gerbils, a specific strain (TN2GF4) of <i>H pylori</i> can induce duodenitis with gastric metaplasia and superficial duodenal ulcers. Induction of duodenal ulcer in an animal model fulfills the requirements of Koch's postulates for establishing a role for <i>H pylori</i> as a causative agent.