tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Heberden Society: Annual Report 1977
Authors: V Wright, E Bywaters, J Duthie, J Kellgren Had, Mr Laurence, W Penman, Mr Higgs, Honorary Members, Dr Mason, I Macrae, C Murray-Leslie, M Gray- Son, A Clarke, Jacqueline Currey, T Gibson, Patricia Smith, Layla Kazkaz, H Bird, Geraldine Brough, M Roberts, C Moran, J Jenner, E Acheson, R Travers, R Jubb, P Revell, B Weston, Corina Engler, R Acheson, J Cassidy, B Bourke, N Kadir, G Balint, A Stockman, J Camus, P Blower, I Tomlinson, N Laurent, C De Ceulaer, P Venables, A Keat, R Mane- Gold, D Mackenzie, C Holland, E Desser, A Blackham, J Edwards, M Richter, Margaret Moonsawmy, W Souter, R Williams, C Erhardt, P Kinsella, M Silva, M Sattar, P Hickling, H Glanville, Linda Marks, H Misra, J Brown, A Thomas, Elisabeth Paice, F Khan, J Dingle, Margaret Byron, M Stodell, M Madkour, J Sewell, A Barkley, J Ford-Hutchinson, J Hidson, S Chapman, Myriam Hughes, Z Alrawi, Pinkwas Fiszman, T Hadidi, M Willans, H Smythe, Dr Hughes, Dr Hazleman, Dr Panay1
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1978)

Rheumatologica started by van Breemen and others in 1929, but we still lack a number of international and European congress proceedings and would appeal for anyone turning out his bookshelves to bear in mind these still missing items.Finally, with the assistance of the College librarian, I put out at the Annual General Meeting a display of Rheumatologic Illustrations with comments, which I hope members found of interest.
Official Call to the Officers and Members of the American Medical Association to Attend the Annual Meeting of the House of Delegates in Chicago, June 18 Through 22, 1989
Journal: JAMA (1989)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Quantifying HIV
Authors: Sheldon H. Landesman
Journal: JAMA (1996)

Recent studies on the dynamics of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) replication have enhanced our understanding of disease pathogenesis. It is now clear that even during the period of clinical latency there is continual highlevel viral replication, CD4<sup>+</sup>lymphocyte infection, cell death, and new CD4<sup>+</sup>cell production.<sup>1-4</sup>The magnitude of the viral and CD4<sup>+</sup>cell turnover is extraordinary; on average, 10<sup>8</sup>to 10<sup>9</sup>HIV-1 virions and approximately the same number of CD4<sup>+</sup>cells are produced and destroyed each day.<sup>3,4</sup>This process takes place primarily in the lymphoid tissue where the virus, though bound to a follicular dendritic cell and coated with neutralizing antibody, remains highly infectious to CD4<sup>+</sup>T cells.<sup>5</sup>The discovery of a persistently high level of viral turnover suggests that sensitive measurements of viral burden (reflecting rapid or unchecked viral replication) may be useful in assessing HIV disease stage, disease progression, response
Contents Page
Authors: Mariella Filbin, Rosalind Segal, Jacques Grill, Roger Abounader, Krishna Bhat, Riccardo Soffietti, Sean Lawler, Jeffrey Mackeigan, Darcy Krueger, Bawarjan Schatlo, Javier Fandino, Nicolas Smoll, Oliver Wetzel, Luca Remonda, Serge Marbacher, Wolfgang Perrig, Hans Landolt, Ali-Reza Fathi, Adam Studebaker, Brian Hutzen, Christopher Pierson, Terri Shaffer, Corey Raffel, Eric Jackson, Yuxi Zhou, Sihan Wu, Chaofeng Liang, Yuan Lin, Yan Zou, Kai Li, Bingzheng Lu, Minfeng Shu, Yijun Huang, Wenbo Zhu, Zhuang Kang, Dong Xu, Jun Hu, Guangmei Yan, Robert Rapkins, Fan Wang, Huytram Nguyen, Timothy Cloughesy, Albert Lai, Wendy Ha, Anna Nowak, Megan Hitchins, Kerrie Mcdonald, Ami Patel, Gunnar Johansson, Melissa Colbert, Biplab Dasgupta, Nancy Ratner, Johan Pallud, Etienne Audureau, Georges Noel, Robert Corns, Emmanue Le Lechapt-Zalcman, Julien Duntze, Vladislav Pavlov, Jacques Guyotat, Dam Hieu, Pierre-Jean Le Reste, Thierry Faillot, Claude-Fabien Litre, Nicolas Desse, Antoine Petit, Evelyne Emery, Jimmy Voirin, Johann Peltier, Jean-Rodolphe Caire, Jean-Luc Vignes, Olivier Barat, Edouard Langlois, Eduardo Dezamis, Marc Parraga, Edmond Zanello, Michel Nader, Luc Lefranc, Bertrand Bauchet, Philippe Devaux, Philippe Menei
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2015)
Reduction in mortality after myocardial infarction with long-term beta-adrenoceptor blockade. Multicentre international study: supplementary report.
Journal: BMJ (1977)

In a controlled multicentre trial carried out to assess the value of long-term practolol treatment after myocardial infarction the provisional results showed a significant reduction in mortality, though some of the data were lacking. These have now been included and the results updated. The final figures for all deaths were 78 in the placebo group of 1533 patients and 48 in the practolol group of 1520 patients. The reduction in mortality (38%) was significant at the 1% level. The figures for non-fatal reinfarction (97 in the placebo group, and 75 in the practolol group) were not significantly different. Patients with pre-entry anterior infarction, and especially those with a diastolic blood pressure equal to or below the mean (78 mm Hg) at entry to the trial, were at high risk but benefited particularly well from beta-adrenoceptor blockade. After pre-entry inferior infarction the percentage reduction in deaths occurring within two hours after symptoms of a new event was similar to that after anterior infarction, but the incidence of death more than two hours after the event was greater in the practolol-treated group. Thus the difference between groups in total deaths after pretrial inferior infarction was marginal. Until the results of further trials are reported long-term beta-adrenoceptor blockade (possibly up to two years) is recommended after uncomplicated anterior myocardial infarction.
Angina patients in former mining communities delay seeking help
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Evidence on health effects of housing improvements is scarce Despite strong observational evidence linking housing and health, it is still not known if housing improvements can improve health.Thomson et al (p 187) conducted a systematic review of studies of housing interventions on health.Although many of the studies found that health improved after the interventions, the studies were small and often did not adjust for potential confounding factors.
Cardiac Arrest and Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Outcome Reports: Update of the Utstein Resuscitation Registry Templates for Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Gavin D. Perkins, Ian G. Jacobs, Vinay M. Nadkarni, Robert A. Berg, Farhan Bhanji, Dominique Biarent, Leo L. Bossaert, Stephen J. Brett, Douglas Chamberlain, Allan R. de Caen, Charles D. Deakin, Judith C. Finn, Jan-Thorsten Gräsner, Mary Fran Hazinski, Taku Iwami, Rudolph W. Koster, Swee Han Lim, Matthew Huei-Ming Ma, Bryan F. McNally, Peter T. Morley, Laurie J. Morrison, Koenraad G. Monsieurs, William Montgomery, Graham Nichol, Kazuo Okada, Marcus Eng Hock Ong, Andrew H. Travers, Jerry P. Nolan, Richard P. Aikin, Bernd W. Böttiger, Clifton W. Callaway, Maaret K. Castren, Mickey S. Eisenberg, Monica E. Kleinman, David A. Kloeck, Walter G. Kloeck, Mary E. Mancini, Robert W. Neumar, Joseph P. Ornato, Edison F. Paiva, Mary Ann Peberdy, Jasmeet Soar, Thomas Rea, Alfredo F. Sierra, David Stanton, David A. Zideman
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Utstein-style guidelines contribute to improved public health internationally by providing a structured framework with which to compare emergency medical services systems. Advances in resuscitation science, new insights into important predictors of outcome from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, and lessons learned from methodological research prompted this review and update of the 2004 Utstein guidelines. Representatives of the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation developed an updated Utstein reporting framework iteratively by meeting face to face, by teleconference, and by Web survey during 2012 through 2014. Herein are recommendations for reporting out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Data elements were grouped by system factors, dispatch/recognition, patient variables, resuscitation/postresuscitation processes, and outcomes. Elements were classified as core or supplemental using a modified Delphi process primarily based on respondents' assessment of the evidence-based importance of capturing those elements, tempered by the challenges to collect them. New or modified elements reflected consensus on the need to account for emergency medical services system factors, increasing availability of automated external defibrillators, data collection processes, epidemiology trends, increasing use of dispatcher-assisted cardiopulmonary resuscitation, emerging field treatments, postresuscitation care, prognostication tools, and trends in organ recovery. A standard reporting template is recommended to promote standardized reporting. This template facilitates reporting of the bystander-witnessed, shockable rhythm as a measure of emergency medical services system efficacy and all emergency medical services system-treated arrests as a measure of system effectiveness. Several additional important subgroups are identified that enable an estimate of the specific contribution of rhythm and bystander actions that are key determinants of outcome.
Lyme Disease Test Raises Concern
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Multistage Carcinogenesis in the Urinary Bladder
Authors: Samuel M. Cohen, Robert E. Greenfield, Leon B. Ellwein
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1983)

The induction of cancer of the urinary bladder is a multi-stage process involving multiple exogenous and endogenous factors. Based on the classical initiation-promotion model, we have used N-[4-(5-nitro-2-furyl)-2-thiazolyl]formamide (FANFT) as initiator and sodium saccharin (SAC) or tryptophan as promoters. These latter chemicals have the properties expected of promoters: induction of hyperplasia, reversibility and nonmutagenicity. Also, tumors were induced whether the promoter was administered immediately after FANFT or beginning 6 weeks after FANFT was discontinued, but no tumors resulted if either promoter was given without initiation with FANFT. Factor(s) present in normal urine also are involved in the promotion process, in addition to the role of urine as a carrier of carcinogens. However, administration of SAC to animals with a rapidly proliferating bladder mucosa, induced by ulceration, pellet insertion, or in utero, resulted in bladder tumor induction, even without prior initiation with FANFT. To better understand the complex interaction of the multiple variables in bladder carcinogenesis, a stochastic computer model has been formulated based on long-term carcinogenicity and tissue kinetic studies in vivo. This model indicates the importance of cell proliferation and the development of hyperplasia in carcinogenesis.
Multifaceted Treatment Aids Depressed Young
Authors: L. Lamberg
Journal: JAMA (2002)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Fifth Annual Report of the State Board of Health of Kentucky, 1883.
Journal: JAMA (1883)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
MEASLES
Authors: Ludving Hektoen
Journal: JAMA (1928)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —In the editorial on measles (The Journal, February 18) it stated that "many well qualified investigators have failed to obtain positive blood cultures [of the green producing coccus as described by Ruth Tunnicliff] in early measles cases." In view of this statement it should be noted that Duval and Hibbard (Hibbard, R. J., and Duval, C. W.: Studies upon the Virus of Measles,<i>Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. &amp; Med.</i><b>23:</b>853, 1926. Duval, C. W., and Hibbard, R. J.: Further Studies upon the Etiology of Measles, ibid.<b>24:</b>519, 1927) isolated in cultures from the blood, unfiltered as well as filtered, of all of six patients in the active eruptive stage of measles a coccus in every way similar to the one obtained by Tunnicliff. Small amounts of the cultures of this coccus were injected intravenously in rabbits which developed typical "pyrexial and leukocytic reactions" after an
Review of Animal/In Vitro Data on Biological Effects of Man-Made Fibers
Authors: Sophie Achard Ellouk, Marie-Claude Jaurand
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1994)

This paper reviews the investigations with man-made fibers (MMF).Insulation wools: glasswool (GW), rockwool (RW), slagwool (SW), glass mi- crofibers (GMF), glass filaments (GFiI), and refractory ceramic fibers (RCF) have been used in experimental animals and in in vitro cell systems.A large heterogeneous number of fibers, methods of fiber preparation, size selection, aerosolization, fiber size, and fiber burden measurement were noted, rendering difficult a comparison between results.By inhalation, RCF and asbestos used as positive controls produced a significant tumor in- crease.In some studies, a low tumor yield was found after inhalation of insulation wools; when all inhalation data were gathered, a significant tumor increase was found with GW.However, it is difficult to draw definitive conclusions on the potential of other fiber types because, in addition to the different compositions of the fibers, differences in fiber number and sizes existed, especially in comparison with asbestos.Moreover, experiments using inoculation, especially by the intraperitoneal route revealed a carcinogenic potential of all fibers types but GFiI and SW.In these two groups a small number of animals has been investigated and the fiber characteristics were sometimes irrelevant.So far, a relationship between the carcino- genic potency and fiber dimensions has been established.Other fiber parameters may be of importance (surface chemistry, biopersistence, fiber structure, for example) but further investigations are necessary to determine the correlations between these parameters and tumor incidence.In vitro experiments have emphasized the fiber characteristics identified in vivo as playing a role in the carcinogenic potency and should be developed as a better approach of the mechanistic effects of MMF.
Isolation, Animal Work With 'Release Factors' Reported
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Meningococcal Disease
Authors: Nancy E. Rosenstein, Bradley A. Perkins, David S. Stephens, Tanja Popovic, James M. Hughes
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2001)

Reports of illness resembling meningococcal disease date back to the 16th century. The description reported by Vieusseux in 1805 is generally thought to be the first definitive identification of the disease,1 and the causative organism, Neisseria meningitidis, was first isolated in 1887.2 Yet meningococcal disease remains a leading cause of bacterial meningitis and sepsis in the United States and a major cause of epidemics in sub-Saharan Africa. Short of abolishing tobacco use, which is thought to be responsible for almost one third of cases,3 routine vaccination of high-risk populations is likely to be the most effective public health strategy . . .
Application of a mathematical model to prevent in vivo amplification of antibiotic-resistant bacterial populations during therapy
Authors: Nelson Jumbe, Arnold Louie, Robert Leary, Weiguo Liu, Mark R. Deziel, Vincent H. Tam, Reetu Bachhawat, Christopher Freeman, James B. Kahn, Karen Bush, Michael N. Dudley, Michael H. Miller, George L. Drusano
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2003)

The worldwide increase in the prevalence of multi-antibiotic–resistant bacteria has threatened the physician’s ability to provide appropriate therapy for infections. The relationship between antimicrobial drug concentration and infecting pathogen population reduction is of primary interest. Using data derived from mice infected with the bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa and treated with a fluoroquinolone antibiotic, a mathematical model was developed that described relationships between antimicrobial drug exposures and changes in drug-susceptible and -resistant bacterial subpopulations at an infection site. Dosing regimens and consequent drug exposures that amplify or suppress the emergence of resistant bacterial subpopulations were identified and prospectively validated. Resistant clones selected in vivo by suboptimal regimens were characterized. No mutations were identified in the quinolone resistance–determining regions of gyrA/B or parC/E. However, all resistant clones demonstrated efflux pump overexpression. At base line, MexAB-OprM, MexCD-OprJ, and MexEF-OprN were represented in the drug-resistant population. After 28 hours of therapy, MexCD-OprJ became the predominant pump expressed in the resistant clones. The likelihood of achieving resistance-suppression exposure in humans with a clinically prescribed antibiotic dose was determined. The methods developed in this study provide insight regarding how mathematical models can be used to identify rational dosing regimens that suppress the amplification of the resistant mutant population.
Treatment of nicotine dependence. Is more better?
Authors: J. R. Hughes
Journal: JAMA (1995)

The two studies assessing the safety and efficacy of high-dose nicotine patch therapy by Jorenby et al<sup>1</sup>and Dale et al<sup>2</sup>in this issue ofTHE JOURNALraise four questions: Should higher-dose nicotine patches be used? Should nicotine patch therapy be tailored to achieve 100% replacement? How effective is the nicotine patch when given with no physician advice, ie, in over-the-counter—like conditions, in comparison with its effectiveness with physician advice, in prescription-like conditions? How much is its efficacy increased by adding behavioral therapy? See also pp 1347 and 1353. Dale et al<sup>2</sup>found that 22-mg patches underdose the majority of smokers and that higher doses are safe, provide better withdrawal relief, and appear to increase efficacy. Their results are supported by other studies, which found that standard-dose patches (15 to 22 mg/d) provide less than 100% nicotine replacement<sup>3</sup>; greater nicotine replacement decreases withdrawal symptoms and increases