tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Osteoporosis
Journal: JAMA (1984)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Utility and costs of surrogate endpoints (SEs) and biomarkers in phase I oncology trials
Authors: B. H. L. Goulart, T. G. Roberts, J. W. Clark
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

6012 Background: The advent of targeted therapies, functional imaging and translational research has driven the use of a new class of endpoints in phase I oncology trials, known as surrogate endpoints (SEs) or biomarkers. Investigators hope that SEs will improve the efficiency of drug-development. However, whether SEs can substitute for traditional endpoints (e.g. toxicity) is unknown. The role of SEs in drug selection, target validation, dosing and schedule optimization remains to be defined. Methods: We analyzed all phase I single-agent studies in PASCO from 1992 to 2002 that included at least one SE. Subsequent publications of these studies were analyzed with respect to the primary SE. Drugs were classified as cytotoxic, biologic (recombinant), or targeted (small molecules) and SEs classified by their technology (imaging, blood biomarkers or advanced histology). We designed 4 yes-no questions to evaluate the role of SEs, beginning with: "Did the SE help…" 1) "…determine the dose for phase II?"; 2) "…in finding the schedule?"; 3) "… with the author's conclusions?"; and 4) "… validate that the target was affected?". The utility of SEs across these questions and across drug classes was compared by McNemar's and chi-square tests, respectively. We also related the budgets of 18 single-institutional trials to their number of endpoints. Results: Of 65 trials, 55% tested biologics, 24% small molecules, 15% cytotoxic and 6% other. The percentages of primary SE's by technology were: 68% blood studies, 25% histologic analysis, and 6% imaging. The frequency of "yes" for the 4 questions was 14%, 15%, 34% and 62%, respectively (p<0.001 between questions), with no statistical differences between drug classes. The marginal budgeted cost of adding an additional secondary endpoint was US$6,675 per patient. Conclusions: SEs differ in methods and goals. SEs only modestly aided in defining dose and schedule for future studies and in the overall drug-development process. They helped in validating that the therapy affected the intended target. Better preclinical evaluation of SEs may enhance their utility. Further research should help define how best to incorporate SE's into trial design. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Head Injuries
Authors: Julian T. Hoff
Journal: JAMA (1972)

"Accidents have become the epidemic of the Western World and head injuries a common outcome," was the keynote of chairman John Gillingham who, with S. Obrador, organized this symposium held in Edinburgh and Madrid in 1970. This volume contains the papers presented by the symposium's distinguished participants. The book focuses on practical aspects of managing head injuries: effective first aid at the accident scene, prompt medical care, prevention of avoidable complications, and comprehensive—physical, psychological and social—rehabilitation of the injured patient. Basic mechanisms receive relatively little attention, in this respect contrasting sharply with a similar meeting held in the United States four years earlier. The book contains 11 sections, four of which stress prevention of secondary complications and early hospital evaluation of the injured patient. Few innovative measures emerge, although Jamieson's provocative paper identifies some of the underlying factors, both human and mechanical, that contribute to accidents. Care at the accident
Erratum: Fine mapping of regulatory loci for mammalian gene expression using radiation hybrids
Authors: Christopher C Park, Sangtae Ahn, Joshua S Bloom, Andy Lin, Richard T Wang, Tongtong Wu, Aswin Sekar, Arshad H Khan, Christine J Farr, Aldons J Lusis, Richard M Leahy, Kenneth Lange, Desmond J Smith
Journal: Nature Genetics (2008)
Therapeutic Dermatitis
Authors: C. Guy Lane
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1952)

THERAPEUTIC" or "overtreatment" dermatitis is today a prevalent and often disabling cutaneous disturbance. It is stated, in fact, that agents used in therapy have caused more visits to the dermatologist than any single skin disease.1 , 2 The term "therapeutic dermatitis" applies to the dermatitis that develops shortly after the application of a remedial agent to the skin. There may previously have existed a slight itching, a mild dermatitis, some other skin disease or a minor surface infection or injury. Within a few hours after application of the remedy there frequently appear increased itching and redness, first in the area or areas . . .
GAS CYSTS OF THE ABDOMEN
Journal: JAMA (1920)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Food for Thought
Authors: Deborah Blacker
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Neurology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Neurology journal
Clinical economics. A guide to the economic analysis of clinical practices
Authors: J. M. Eisenberg
Journal: JAMA (1989)

PUBLIC and professional concern about the cost of medical care has evoked a variety of proposed remedies. Professional societies have promulgated guidelines to help physicians provide the most appropriate services.<sup>1,2</sup>Government has begun to recognize the need for more research into clinical strategies in hopes of exploring the variations in medical practice and reducing federal health care outlays.<sup>3</sup>Insurance companies and businesses have desperately sought (and bought) consultants who promise to control beneficiaries' and employees' utilization of medical services. Underlying these cost-cutting solutions is a faith that medical care can be made cost-effective, that more value can be obtained for the money spent. The application of economics to medical practice does not necessarily mean that less should or can be spent, but rather that the use of resources might be more efficient.<sup>4-21</sup>To achieve more cost-effective medical practice, the attention of experts in health policy ultimately must
Fool's Haven
Journal: JAMA (1953)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Outbreak of pseudomonas paucimobilis in an intensive care facility
Authors: L. R. Crane
Journal: JAMA (1981)

During a two-month period, six patients in an intensive care unit (ICU) were colonized or infected with<i>Pseudomonas paucimobilis</i>, a newly described bacterial species. To our knowledge, the epidemic organism had not been found previously in these units. The bacterium was usually recovered from the sputum of persons receiving ventilatory assistance and represented transient colonization. One patient had a symptomatic urinary tract infection. The outbreak was confined to two of the ICUs. Cultures of respiratory equipment were negative, but<i>P paucimobilis</i>was recovered from the ICU hot water line. Water bottles used for rinsing tracheal suction connecting tubing were found to contain<i>P paucimobilis</i>organisms. This resulted from refilling with tap water. No further cases were found during a 20-month follow-up period, when a uniform tracheal suctioning policy was developed. (<i>JAMA</i>1981;246:985-987)
ACUTE NONSYPHILITIC MALIGNANT PEMPHIGUS OF THE NEWBORN.
Journal: JAMA (1900)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Maintenance pemetrexed (Pem) plus best supportive care (BSC) versus placebo (Plac) plus BSC: A randomized phase III study in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)
Authors: C. P. Belani, T. Brodowicz, T. Ciuleanu, J. H. Kim, M. Krzakowski, E. Laack, Y. L. Wu, P. Peterson, K. Krejcy, C. Zielinski
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

CRA8000 Background: Pemetrexed's efficacy, favorable tolerability profile, and ease of administration provided a strong rationale for evaluation as maintenance therapy in patients (pts) with advanced NSCLC. We present the final analyses for all outcomes, including overall survival (OS), from a phase III study of Pem vs. Plac (Ciuleanu, J Clin Oncol 26, 2008, A 8011) in pts with stage IIIB/IV NSCLC who had not progressed on four cycles of platinum-based chemotherapy. Methods: In this double-blind trial, pts were randomized 2:1 to receive Pem (500 mg/m 2 , day 1) plus BSC or Plac plus BSC in 21-day cycles until disease progression. All pts received vitamin B 12 , folic acid, and dexamethasone. The final OS analysis was performed using an unadjusted Cox model. Overall α = 0.05 for PFS and OS. Results: In the 663 randomized pts (Pem 441: Plac 222), Pem resulted in significantly better OS (13.4 vs. 10.6 mos [HR 0.79, 95% CI: 0.65–0.95, P = 0.012]). As reported earlier, Pem also had better PFS (P &lt;0.00001) and response (P &lt;0.001) ( Table ). The improvements in PFS and OS were observed primarily in patients with non-squamous histology (PFS HR = 0.47 and OS HR = 0.70). Treatment by histology interaction for OS was significant (P = 0.038). Drug-related grade 3/4 toxicities were higher for Pem (16% vs 4%; P &lt;0.001); specifically, fatigue (5% vs 0.5%) and neutropenia (2.9% vs. 0%). Grade 3/4 toxicities did not increase significantly in pts who received ≥6 and ≥10 cycles of Pem. There were no Pem-related deaths. Fewer pts in the Pem arm (51.5% vs 67.1%; P &lt;0.001) received systemic post-discontinuation therapy. Conclusions: Pem maintenance therapy is well tolerated and offers superior OS and PFS compared with Plac, making it a new treatment paradigm for patients with advanced NSCLC who respond to initial therapy. This trial further validates that Pem has greater efficacy in patients with non-squamous histology. [Table: see text] [Table: see text]
Über die Silberreaktion der Zellen.
Journal: JAMA (1933)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The medical directive
Authors: Susan Nobel, Judith C. Ahronheim
Journal: JAMA (1990)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Drs Emanuel and Emanuel<sup>1</sup>have proposed a new medical directive that attempts to combine all aspects of terminal care in a single document. The Medical Directive has been proposed as an answer to limitations of the living will. The authors cite the rarity with which the living will is used in clinical practice, potential vagueness in terminology that could lead to problems of interpretation, and the fact that many patients sign living wills without involving their physicians. The proposed medical directive certainly goes some distance to ensure specificity in the signer's instructions, but it is difficult to see how such a document would solve the major problem—that the majority of people today simply do not make advance provision for health care decision making. If anything, the complexity of the proposed replacement could further discourage wide use. Our experience as a patient advocacy organization confirms the fact
Wolf Child and Human Child: Being a Narrative Interpretation of the Life History of Kamala, the Wolf Girl, Based on the Diary Account of a Child Who Was Reared by a Wolf and Who Then Lived for Nine Years in the Orphanage of Midnapore, in the Province of Bengal, India
Journal: JAMA (1941)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Epilepsy
Journal: JAMA (2002)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Effect of gas cooking on lung function in adolescents: modifying role of sex and immunoglobulin E
Authors: G M Corbo, F Forastiere, N Agabiti, V Dell'Orco, R Pistelli, M L Aebischer, S Valente, C A Perucci
Journal: Thorax (2001)

BACKGROUND A study was undertaken to investigate the effect of gas cooking on the lung function of adolescents while considering serum IgE level as a possible effect modifier. METHOD The cross sectional study was performed in 702 subjects aged 11–13 years from primary and secondary schools in Civitavecchia and Viterbo ( Latium region in Central Italy), categorised according to how often they were in the kitchen while the mother cooked (never, sometimes, often). Data were collected by questionnaire and lung function was measured by spirometric tests. Bronchial hyperresponsiveness was evaluated by the methacholine test, atopic status by a skin prick test, and a blood sample was collected to determine serum IgE levels. The results were analysed separately for boys and girls. Multiple regression analysis was performed, taking functional parameters (FEV 1 , FEV 1 /FVC, FEF 25–75 , FEF 50 , FEF 75 ) as the dependent variables and age, height, parental smoking, and father's education as independent variables. RESULTS There was no association between time spent in the kitchen and lung function level in boys, but a reduction in lung function was detected in girls which was statistically significant for FEF 75 (sometimes –10.3%, often –11.1%). After stratifying boys and girls into four groups on the basis of the IgE serum level (below and above the median value of IgE), the reduction in lung function was significant in girls with a high IgE value whereas no significant deleterious effects were evident in girls with a low IgE value or in boys with either a low or high IgE. The results remained substantially unchanged after excluding girls with a response to methacholine below the concentration of 4 mg/ml, asthmatic patients, and those with positive skin prick tests. CONCLUSION Gas cooking has a harmful effect on the lung function of girls with a high serum level of IgE. We do not know whether serum IgE, a marker of allergic susceptibility, is a simple indicator that an inflammatory process is in progress or whether it is involved in the pathogenesis of injury leading to bronchial obstruction.