tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Impact of breast cancer diagnosis and treatment on sexual dysfunction.
Authors: Gauri Badhwar, Hadeel Assad, Sameeksha Bhama, Cynthia Vakhariya, Judie R. Goodman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

e20606 Background: Sexual dysfunction is a common and underacknowledged disorder in women with breast cancer. Sexual dysfunction in this scenario may be related to multiple factors: physical decline due to treatment, psychological distress due to diagnosis, change in hormonal milieu and/or poor body image. Methods: We assessed the changes in sexual activity after breast cancer diagnosis and treatment in 45 women seen at Providence Hospital Cancer Center in the Metro Detroit area using an anonymous questionnaire. Data was analyzed via descriptive statistics and paired sample t-test. Results: The age of women in our study ranged between 33-73 years with an average age of 51.6 years. Most of the subjects (89%) had completed chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy however 52 % were still on hormonal treatment. Women who were sexually active prior to diagnosis were more likely to experience sexual dysfunction (p=0.001). Forty-five percent of the women with breast cancer experienced a decline in their sexual health since receiving treatment. There was a greater decline in sexual health after treatment (chemotherapy and/or hormonal therapy) than after diagnosis of breast cancer (p<0.05). Fifty percent had a decrease in libido and sexual arousal, 40.5% had difficulty in reaching sexual orgasm, and 29% had dyspareunia. Sexual difficulties were addressed by the treating oncologist in 3 out of the 45 women. Conclusions: The data reveals that sexual dysfunction is prevalent in breast cancer survivors. Its onset in concomitance with the diagnosis of breast cancer reflects the psychosocial impact of such a diagnosis. The further decline in sexual health after treatment emphasizes the important adverse effects of chemotherapy and hormone therapy in terms of vaginal dryness, dyspareunia, and sexual well-being. As an important element of quality of life and survivorship, sexual health should be addressed and treated by the medical oncologist. After diagnosis After treatment p value Decrease libido 47.5% 50.0% p < 0.05 Decrease sexual arousal 38.6% 50.0% p < 0.05 Difficulty reaching sexual orgasm 35.7% 40.5% p < 0.05 Dysparunia 15.4% 28.2% p < 0.05 Change in emotional closeness with partner 31.6% 26.8% p < 0.05 Change in sexual relationship with partner 35.9% 52.9% p < 0.05
Book Review The Compleat Pediatrician. Practical, Diagnostic, Therapeutic and Preventive Pediatrics. For the Use of Medical Students, Internes, General Practitioners and Pediatricians . By Wilburt C. Davison, M.A., D.Sc., M.D., Professor of Pediatrics, Duke University School of Medicine, and Pediatrician, Duke Hospital, Durham, N. C. Printed by Seeman Printery for Duke University Press, 1934. $3.75.
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1935)
Nitric oxide donors stimulate bile flow and glutathione disulfide excretion independent of guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate in the isolated perfused rat liver
Authors: M Trauner
Journal: Hepatology (1997)

Nitric oxide (NO) modulates several metabolic functions in hepatocytes, but the role of NO in bile secretion has not been clearly defined. In the present study, we examined the effects of NO on bile flow and biliary HCO3- and glutathione excretion in the isolated perfused rat liver and assessed the role of guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP) in mediating these effects. The NO donors sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and S-nitroso-acetyl-penicillamine stimulated bile flow and increased both HCO3- and glutathione excretion. Increases in bile flow were linearly related to increases in biliary glutathione concentration and output (P < .0001), which were almost entirely caused by glutathione disulfide, whereas the excretion of reduced glutathione remained unchanged. NO donors increased cGMP concentrations in bile and perfusate, and the membrane-permeant cGMP analogue dibutyryl cGMP was also found to stimulate bile flow and HCO3- excretion. However, in contrast to the NO donors, dibutyryl cGMP did not increase glutathione excretion. Furthermore, the NO donors failed to stimulate bile flow in mutant TR-rats in which the canalicular transport of glutathione and glutathione conjugates is deficient, although dibutyryl cGMP increased bile flow and HCO3- excretion in the mutant rats as in normals. These findings indicate that exogenous sources of NO increase bile acid-independent bile flow by stimulating glutathione disulfide excretion, effects that are independent of cGMP. (Hepatology 1997 Feb;25(2):263-9)
Renal Hypertension
Authors: Elwin E. Fraley, Bernard H. Feldman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1972)

HYPERTENSION secondary to either unilateral or bilateral renal disease is a well recognized clinical entity. The rate of so called "renal hypertension" in unselected, newly discovered hypertensive patients is approximately 5 per cent. In fact, most surgically correctable hypertension is renal in origin.Renal hypertension is usually caused by three main types of disease: renovascular, renal parenchymal or urinary-tract obstruction. Any of these abnormalities acting alone or in concert can produce hypertension.Relation of Kidney to Blood PressureRenin-AngiotensinAccording to current dogma, the kidney influences blood pressure by at least three different mechanisms. Probably the most important of these . . .
SENSITIZING BACTERIA TO THE FINSEN LIGHT.
Journal: JAMA (1904)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Hugh Hussey, MD, former JAMA editor, dead at 71
Authors: P. Gunby
Journal: JAMA (1982)

Hugh Hudson Hussey, MD, editor of<i>The Journal of the American Medical Association</i>from Jan 1, 1970, until Oct 1, 1973, and editor emeritus until his retirement in 1976, was looking forward to toasting the start of<i>JAMA</i>'s second century of publication in a few months. But it was not to be. He died of metastatic lung carcinoma on Nov 6—less than a week before his 72nd birthday. Almost until his death, Hussey continued to pursue what might be termed the "third phase" of his career. This was in Dallas, where he and his wife of 47 years, Wilhelmina Gude Hussey (who also worked at the AMA for four years on a scientific proofreading assignment), moved in 1976. One goal was to be near their son John Christopher (Kit) Hussey, his wife Jane, and two grandsons. (Kit Hussey, an American Airlines pilot, also has ties with<i>JAMA</i>, three of
Mutations in circulating tumor DNA predict primary resistance to systemic therapies in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Johann von Felden, Amanda J. Craig, Ismail Labgaa, Teresa Garcia-Lezana, Delia D’Avola, Amon Asgharpour, Douglas Dieterich, Antoinette Bonaccorso, Miguel Torres-Martin, Daniela Sia, Max Sung, Parissa Tabrizian, Myron Schwartz, Josep Llovet, Augusto Villanueva
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2020)
Abstract 1977: Chemokines expression in an <i>in vitro</i> model of melanoma brain metastasis
Authors: Renata Santos, Maria Clara Sampaio, Amanda Albuquerque, Michelly Pereira, Maira Pitta, Moacyr Rêgo
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Melanoma brain metastasis is still a great challenge. This work aimed to characterize the secretion profile and understand the possible role of chemokines in a xenogeneic in vitro model of melanoma brain metastasis. Brain primary mixed cultures from cerebral cortex were prepared from the neonates Wistar rats and maintained at 37°C, 5% CO2until 80% of confluency and maturity. Melanoma lineages used were UACC62 and SKMEL-28. Co-cultures were performed to study the direct interactions between melanoma and cortical cells. The indirect effects in the cerebral microenvironment were evaluated through conditioned medium (CM) from brain cells on melanoma lineages. It was used an early CM collected at 24h (CM24) and a late CM collected after 48h (CM48), whose both were incubated during more 24h (24CM24 and 24CM48) or 48h (48CM24 and 48CM48) on melanoma cultures. The chemokines IP10, CCL5 and IL8 were studied through Cytometric Bead Array (CBA),MIG and CCL2 also, however their values were undetectable. After the characterization of the model, IP10 was silenced to evaluate its influence in the model. CBA demonstrated that in SKMEL-28 the late soluble factors during 48h (48CM48) were capable of rase IP10 levels (p=0,0286). On the other hand, direct and indirect contact with brain cells reduced IL8 levels, compared to SKMEL28 alone with respectively p = 0.02 and p=0,0286, where both chemokines were not detected. On UACC62, IP10 levels were higher only in the co-culture (p=0,02), suggesting the need of contact between the different cells. Also, IL8 was decreased in all conditions compared to UACC62. After IP10 silencing, SKMEL-28 presented higher levels of IL8 in 48CM48. On UACC62, the IP10 silencing resulted in elevation of IL8 levels when the cells were in co-culture. RANTES did not present alterations in its levels in any of the conditions after IP10 knock-down. The IP10 silencing was also capable of impair the transwell invasion of SKMEL-28 in the presence of CM24 and CM48. Together, these results confirmed that IP10 alters IL8 levels, but no RANTES in a mimetic microenvironment of melanoma brain metastasis. Furthermore, IP10 is capable of influencing SKMEL-28 migration in this xenogeneic model. More studies to better understand the role of IP10 and IL8 in the establishment of melanoma brain metastasis in this model are in progress. Citation Format: Renata Santos, Maria Clara Sampaio, Amanda Albuquerque, Michelly Pereira, Maira Pitta, Moacyr Rêgo. Chemokines expression in an in vitro model of melanoma brain metastasis [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 1977.
Appleton's Medical Dictionary. An Illustrated Dictionary of Medicine and Allied Subjects, in Which Are Given the Derivation, Accentuation and Definition of Terms Used Throughout the Entire Field of Medical Science.
Journal: JAMA (1904)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Diabetic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Robert I. Hamby
Journal: JAMA (1974)

Seventy-three patients with idiopathic primary myocardial disease, 16 of whom had diabetes mellitus, were compared to matched patients without cardiomyopathy. A statistically significant increase was observed in the frequency of diabetes in patients with idiopathic cardiomyopathy. Evolution of cardiomyopathy in a patient with preexisting diabetes and angina pectoris was also established. Four diabetic patients died; autopsies were performed on three. In these patients, the large coronary arteries were patent and free of arteriosclerosis, but small vessel changes were present in the myocardium. In contrast, autopsy findings in 28 patients who had cardiomyopathy without diabetes showed small coronary vessel disease in only one patient. Diabetics can develop myocardial disease without large coronary artery involvement (diabetic cardiomyopathy), possibly due to pathological changes in small coronary vessels. (<i>JAMA</i>229:1749-1754, 1974)
Cirrhosis associated with methotrexate treatment of psoriasis
Authors: R. O. Coe
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Postnecrotic cirrhosis of the liver developed in three nonalcoholic patients with psoriasis who were maintained on a long-term (11 to 40 months) regimen of orally administered folic acid antagonists. Portal hypertension with esophageal varices developed in two. The signs of cirrhosis developed insidiously and were not accompanied by signs of acute gastrointestinal or hematologic toxic conditions. There is a need for caution in the use of methotrexate in benign disease. A prospective study should be carried out to determine the best method of monitoring the hepatotoxicity of this drug during long-term administration.
BOOK REVIEW
Authors: F. HOUN
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1994)

Journal Article BOOK REVIEW Get access The Cancer Book: a Guide to Understanding the Causes, Prevention, and Treatment of Cancer Geoffrey M. Cooper . Boston : Jones and Bartlett Publ. , 1993 . 236 pp., illus. $15. ISBN 0-867-20-7701 FLORENCE HOUN, M.D., M.P.H. FLORENCE HOUN, M.D., M.P.H. Cancer Prevention Fellowship Program Division of Cancer Prevention and Control National Cancer Institute National Institutes of HealthExecutive Plaza North, Rm. 313 6130 Executive Blvd. Rockville, MD 20852 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 86, Issue 4, 16 February 1994, Page 310, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/86.4.310 Published: 16 February 1994
The Secular Trends in Male:Female Ratio at Birth in Postwar Industrialized Countries
Authors: Piet Hein Jongbloet, Gerhard A. Zielhuis, Hans M. M. Groenewoud, Pieternel C. M. Pasker-de Jong
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2001)

Finnish investigators [Vartiainen et al. Environmental Chemicals and Changes in Sex Ratio: Analysis Over 250 Years in Finland. Environ Health Perspect 107:813-815 (1999)] presented the sex ratio of all newborn babies from 1751 to 1997 in order to evaluate whether Finnish long-term data are compatible with the hypothesis that the decrease in the ratio of male to female births after World War I and World War II in industrial countries is caused by environmental factors. They found an increase in the proportion of males from 1751 to 1920, which was interrupted by peaks in male births during World War I and World War II and followed by a decrease thereafter, similar to the trends in many other countries. The turning point of male proportion, however, preceded the period of industrialization and introduction of pesticides and hormonal drugs. Thus, a causal association between these environmental exposures and this decrease is unlikely. In addition, none of the various family parameters (e.g., paternal age, maternal age, age difference in parents, birth order) could explain the historical time trends. Vartiainen et al. concluded that at present it is unknown how these historical trends could be mediated. The postwar secular decline of the male:female ratio at birth is not an isolated phenomenon and parallels the decline of perinatal morbidity and mortality, congenital anomalies, and various constitutional diseases. This parallelism indicates a common etiology and may be caused by reduction of conceptopathology, as a correlate to increasing socioeconomic development. An inverted dose response or the dose-response fallacy due to vanishing male conceptuses explains the low sex ratios before World War I and World War II in newborns from black parents and from the lowest socioeconomic classes.
Antigen-pulsed dendritic cells expressing macrophage-derived chemokine elicit Th2 responses and promote specific humoral immunity
Authors: Toshiaki Kikuchi, Ronald G. Crystal
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2001)

Macrophage-derived chemokine (MDC) is a potent chemoattractant for antigen-specific T lymphocytes. We hypothesized that Adenovirus- (Ad-) transduced dendritic cells (DCs) overexpressing MDC would enhance the T cell–mediated humoral immune response specific for antigens presented by the DC. We challenged two strains of mice with lethal Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection 3 weeks after immunization with AdMDC-modified DCs pulsed with heat-killed P. aeruginosa. MDC-expressing DCs specifically attracted T lymphocytes and preserved typical DC surface phenotypes without growth factors in vitro. Mice immunized with AdMDC/Pseudomonas/DCs developed high levels of serum anti-Pseudomonas Ab’s and were protected from a lethal respiratory challenge with Pseudomonas. The in vivo protective immunity required CD4+ T cells, B cells, and IL-4, but not CD8+ T cells and IL-12. AdMDC/DCs pulsed with Pseudomonas yielded significant but not absolute cross-protection against different strains of P. aeruginosa. Pseudomonas-pulsed AdMDC/DCs protected mice from Pseudomonas but not Escherichia coli and vice versa; this microbe-specific protection correlated with microbe-specific induction of CD4+ T cell proliferation and IL-4 secretion. Based on these observations, AdMDC-modified DCs pulsed with a killed bacteria may be a useful approach to vaccination against infectious disorders.
Therapeutics. Art or science?
Authors: G. Pickering
Journal: JAMA (1979)

WHEN I was a clinical student, my teachers, with few exceptions, believed that medicine was an art and could never be a science. Since then science and the scientific method have belatedly invaded medicine. It is perhaps opportune to consider the meaning of science and the meaning of art in relation to that branch of medicine that lends itself best to the scientific method: therapeutics. <h3>The Practical</h3> Therapeutics is essentially practical. It seeks to alter the patient's way of life or the structure or chemical composition of his body so that he will live longer, more productively, or more happily. In so ancient a profession as medicine, it is natural that a code of practice has been built up and is constantly changing. This code is based partly on knowledge and partly on belief. Medicine, like theology, cannot tolerate ignorance. If it does not know the answer, it must invent
Advance Directives
Journal: JAMA (1996)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Does the innovative 4R Cancer Care Delivery Model improve patient self-management in safety net and non-safety net centers?
Authors: Julia Rachel Trosman, William John Gradishar, Della F. Makower, Bruce D. Rapkin, Moreen Bozier, Eileen Knightly, Cathleen M. Schaeffer, Kent Hoskins, Christopher Gallagher, Shelly S. Lo, Cathy Grace-Louthen, Alyssa Throckmorton, Lindi Vanderwalde, Editha A. Krueger, Jennifer Van Horn, Arliene Ravelo, Lidia Schapira, Cesar Augusto Santa-Maria, Al Bowen Benson, Christine B. Weldon
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2019)

172 Background: Under the NCI ASCO Teams Project, we proposed a 4R Model of teamwork and patient self-management (pSM) (Trosman JOP ’16). 4R (Right Info/Care/Patient/Time) enables patient (pt) and care team to manage complex care continuum with an innovative multimodality 4R Care Project Plan. 4R includes a novel “project” feature – a graphical description of care interdependencies. 4R was previously piloted at 3 Chicago centers (Trosman ASCO ‘18). Methods: In this new study, we improved and tested 4R for impact on pSM at 4 safety net and 3 non safety net centers across the US. 4R Plans were provided to stage 0-III breast cancer pts Jan - Nov’18 (4R cohort). We surveyed the 4R cohort and a historical control cohort of pts who received care at same centers pre-4R, Jan - Dec ’17. Results: Survey response rates: 65%, 105/162 (4R cohort); 44%, 190/432 (control). 4R markedly improved 4 of 5 pSM metrics vs control (Table). Additional analyses showed that safety net pts had a significant increase in 4R vs control cohort in “seldom overwhelmed” (84%, 49/58 vs 64%, 67/104 respectively, p = .007), while non safety net pts had nonsignificant increase. Other metrics improved to a similar extent for safety net vs non safety net pts. Within the 4R cohort, 85% found 4R useful in organizing their care and 73% found 4R’s novel “project” feature useful in understanding care interdependencies. Safety net pts reported similar usefulness of 4R in organizing their care as non safety net pts (88%, 51/58 vs 81%, 38/47, NS) and similar usefulness of the “project’ feature in understanding care interdependencies as non safety net pts (74% vs. 72%, NS). Conclusions: 4R significantly improved patient self-management, but further efforts are needed to expand the benefit to as close to a 100% of pts as feasible. Safety net pts benefited from 4R at similar or higher rates than non safety net pts, indicating that 4R may reduce care disparities. An expansion of 4R across the US continues this work. [Table: see text]