tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Incorrect Data.
Journal: JAMA (1995)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A survey of nocturnal hypoxaemia and health related quality of life in patients with cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis
Authors: M Clark, B Cooper, S Singh, M Cooper, A Carr, R Hubbard
Journal: Thorax (2001)

BACKGROUND A survey of overnight oximetry was conducted to estimate the prevalence of nocturnal hypoxaemia in patients with cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis and to establish whether nocturnal hypoxaemia is related to quality of life. METHODS All patients with cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis attending Nottingham City Hospital were invited to enter the study. Spirometric measurements and capillary blood gas tensions were obtained and overnight oxygen saturation was recorded at home. Quality of life was assessed using the Short Form-36, Chronic Respiratory Questionnaire, Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale, and Epworth Sleepiness Score questionnaires. RESULTS Sixty seven eligible patients were identified and 50 agreed to enter the study, although two were subsequently excluded because they already used oxygen overnight. In the remaining 48 the mean (SD) overnight oxygen saturation (Sa o 2 ) was 92.5 (4.3)% and the median number of dips greater than 4% per hour was 2.3 (interquartile range 1.5–5.3). Daytime oxygen level predicted mean overnight Sa o 2 (1.94%/kPa, 95% CI 1.22 to 2.66, p&lt;0.001) but percentage predicted forced vital capacity (FVC) did not (0.018%/% predicted FVC, 95% CI –0.04 to 0.08, p=0.5). Nocturnal hypoxaemia was associated with decreased energy levels and impaired daytime social and physical functioning, and these effects were independent of FVC. CONCLUSIONS Nocturnal hypoxaemia is common in patients with cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis and may have an impact on health related quality of life.
Ethics
Authors: Edmund D. Pellegrino
Journal: JAMA (1994)

The ostensible goals of health system reform are morally laudable. Few could quarrel with universal access to less expensive care without a loss of quality. What is morally problematic, however, is the way the means chosen to attain these goals might alter the ethical primacy of the physician's obligation to his or her patients. This review outlines some of the unresolved ethical questions inherent in managed care and managed competition as the preferred means to attain the goal of health system reform. Cost containment through managed care is already familiar to physicians through the operation of diagnosis related groups, preferred provider organizations, health maintenance organizations (HMOs), and utilization and claims review under indemnity plans.<sup>1</sup>Managed competition fuses the principles of managed care with those of the market so as further to control costs. Under managed competition, health care organizations are required to compete with each other in terms of
Journey Together
Journal: JAMA (1952)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Gene therapy for alpha-fetoprotein-producing human hepatoma cells by adenovirus-mediated transfer of the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase gene
Authors: F Kanai
Journal: Hepatology (1996)

We have developed a recombinant replication-defective adenovirus containing human alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) promoter/enhancer to direct cell type-specific expression of the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSVtk) gene to AFP-producing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. After an in vitro infection by a recombinant adenovirus carrying the lacZ gene under the control of human AFP promoter/enhancer (AdAFPlacZ), an expression of the lacZ gene was demonstrated efficiently in AFP-producing HuH-7 and HepG2 cell lines, but not in AFP-nonproducing HLE and HLF cell lines, although lacZ gene expression was demonstrated in all these cell lines when infected with adenovirus vector carrying lacZ gene driven by the beta-actin-based promoter. Expression of the HSVtk gene by adenovirus, from AFP promoter/enhancer (AdAFPtk) induced the cells sensitive to ganciclovir (GCV) in the AFP-producing cell line efficiently, but not in AFP-nonproducing HLF hepatoma cells. An in vitro bystander effect was observed when only 10% of the cells were infected with AdAFPtk. These findings suggest that the AFP promoter/enhancer sequence can provide the tumor-specific activity for the therapeutic gene expression, and that the AdAFPtk vector induces the selective growth inhibition by GCV in the adenovirus-infected human hepatoma cells in vitro. Recombinant adenovirus transfer of the HSVtk gene under the control of tumor-specific promoter followed by GCV may have promise as a targeted in situ treatment for solid neoplasms. (Hepatology 1996 Jun;23(6):1359-68)
Health Systems
Authors: Anne-Emanuelle Birn
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Interim federal quality standards for nation's mammography facilities acquire force of law
Authors: A. A. Skolnick
Journal: JAMA (1994)

ALL MAMMOGRAPHY facilities in the United States have until October 1 to meet new federal quality standards and be certified by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in order to stay in business. The FDA's interim regulations on quality standards and certification requirements were distributed to the nation's mammography facilities and published in the December 21, 1993,<i>Federal Register</i>. On February 22, after a 30-day comment period, the regulations acquired the force of law, says Florence Houn, MD, MPH, program manager of the FDA's Division of Mammography Quality and Radiation Programs, Rockville, Md. This newly created division is responsible for implementing the accreditation and certification program mandated by the federal Mammography Quality Standards Act (MQSA) of 1992. The FDA will study the comments and suggestions received before drawing up final regulations, which should be published by the end of 1995, Houn says. The new regulations are an important first
Phase Ib study of drozitumab combined with cetuximab (CET) plus irinotecan (IRI) or with FOLFIRI ± bevacizumab (BV) in previously treated patients (Pts) with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC).
Authors: A. D. Baron, C. L. O'Bryant, Y. Choi, A. Ashkenazi, S. Royer-Joo, C. C. Portera
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

3581 Background: Drozitumab is a monoclonal antibody that triggers tumor cell apoptosis by selective agonistic interaction with the Apo2 ligand/TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand death receptor 5. This study assessed the safety of drozitumab combined with 2 standard IRI-containing regimens in previously treated mCRC pts. Methods: Multicenter, open-label, dose-escalation study with treatment until disease progression or treatment intolerance. For CET+IRI regimen (Cohorts 1-4), a 21-day cycle (cy) = drozitumab on Day 1 at escalating doses of 1, 4, 10, or 15mg/kg, IRI on Day 1, and CET on Days 1, 8, and 15. For FOLFIRI (Cohort 5), a 14-day cy = drozitumab on Day 1 given as a 10 mg/kg loading dose followed by 7 mg/kg in continuing cys, with FOLFIRI (plus BV in pts not previously treated with BV) on Day 1. Dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) was assessed through 2 doses of drozitumab (29 days for CET+IRI; 28 days for FOLFIRI). Adverse events (AE) were recorded through all cys. Response was assessed by RECIST. Results: 14 pts received a median of 6.5 cys (range 2-21) of drozitumab with CET+IRI and 6 pts received a median of 12 cys (range 3-25) of drozitumab with FOLFIRI. No DLTs occurred at the time of dose escalation. The most frequent AEs were diarrhea (85%), fatigue (80%), nausea (80%), alopecia (70%), neutropenia (70%), and decreased appetite (50%). The most frequent drozitumab-related AEs were fatigue (25%), nausea (20%), neutropenia (20%) and decreased appetite (20%). Serious drozitumab-related AEs included Grade 3 febrile neutropenia and Grade 2 anemia. Three pts discontinued due to AEs: Grade 2 fatigue in 1 pt, Grade 2 peripheral edema in 1 pt and Grade 2 diarrhea, nausea and vomiting in 1 pt. Among the 20 total pts, best responses included 3 Partial Responses (2 confirmed, 1 unconfirmed), 13 Stable Disease and 4 Progressive Disease. The study enrollment was stopped early by the sponsor for reasons unrelated to safety or efficacy. Conclusions: The addition of drozitumab to 2 standard second-line IRI-containing regimens (CET+IRI or FOLFIRI ± BV) was well tolerated in mCRC pts. AEs were similar to those previously reported for the chemotherapy alone.
Immunologic aspects of cardiovascular disease
Authors: D. K. Ledford
Journal: JAMA (1987)

THE IMMUNOLOGIC diseases of the blood vessels (vasculitis) and those of the heart (carditis) share pathophysiological features and frequently are coincident, since the heart and blood vessels share a congruous endothelial surface. The clinical and pathological classification of the vasculitides is facilitated by the general accessibility of blood vessels to biopsy. The adaptation of techniques to permit in vivo endocardial biopsy coupled with pericardial biopsy has added to the understanding of carditis.<sup>1</sup> In this chapter we will review and categorize the clinical syndromes characterized by presumed immunologic injury to the heart and blood vessels. The presumption of an immunologic mechanism is primarily based on the presence of immunoglobulin or complement deposition and/or inflammatory cell infiltration in the blood vessels or cardiac tissue without other specific reason for this inflammatory response.<sup>2</sup>The categorization of these syndromes is based on the description of the pathophysiology and clinical features, since the
Copper Metabolism in Man
Authors: S. J. Adelstein, B. L. Vallee
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1961)

Metabolic Abnormalities in DiseaseMost of the knowledge concerning deviations of copper metabolism in human disease derives from studies of the blood and urine concentrations of this element in afflicted patients. Such studies have their obvious limitations in elucidating the mechanisms of pathogenesis. A more profound understanding of biochemical pathology may be anticipated when tissues, cells and subcellular particles, as well as body fluids, can be studied in their native states. In one condition. albinism, the basic lesion can be traced to one enzyme normally located in specific particles within a single cell type. In others, information about the biochemical . . .
542. Transduction of Murine, Nonhuman Primate, and Human Hematopoietic Stem Cells (HSCs) by Recombinant AAV Serotype Vectors: Identification of AAV6 as the Most Efficient Serotype for Human HSCs, and Further Augmentation in Transduction Efficiency In Vitro and In Vivo with Point-Mutations of Tyrosine Residues in the Viral Capsid
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2013)
Mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome (Kawasaki disease) in adults
Authors: E. D. Everett
Journal: JAMA (1979)

Mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome has been reported to occur only in children. Three adults aged 16 to 27 years had findings compatible with this illness. Patients with fever, polymorphous skin eruption, congested conjunctiva, reddened palms and soles, red lips and oral mucous membrane, and soft-tissue swelling of the peripheral extremities and who experience membranous desquamation of fingers and toes should be suspected of having mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome. No laboratory test is currently available for confirmation of the diagnosis. (<i>JAMA</i>242:542-543, 1979)
LAY USE OF THE CLINICAL THERMOMETER.
Journal: JAMA (2000)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Blockade of T cell costimulation reveals interrelated actions of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in control of SIV replication
Authors: David A. Garber, Guido Silvestri, Ashley P. Barry, Andrew Fedanov, Natalia Kozyr, Harold McClure, David C. Montefiori, Christian P. Larsen, John D. Altman, Silvija I. Staprans, Mark B. Feinberg
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2004)

In vivo blockade of CD28 and CD40 T cell costimulation pathways during acute simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection of rhesus macaques was performed to assess the relative contributions of CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, and Ab responses in modulating SIV replication and disease progression. Transient administration of CTLA4-Ig and anti–CD40L mAb to SIV-infected rhesus macaques resulted in dramatic inhibition of the generation of both SIV-specific cellular and humoral immune responses. Acute levels of proliferating CD8+ T cells were associated with early control of SIV viremia but did not predict ensuing set point viremia or survival. The level of in vivo CD4+ T cell proliferation during acute SIV infection correlated with concomitant peak levels of SIV plasma viremia, whereas measures of in vivo CD4+ T cell proliferation that extended into chronic infection correlated with lower SIV viral load and increased survival. These results suggest that proliferating CD4+ T cells function both as sources of virus production and as antiviral effectors and that increased levels of CD4+ T cell proliferation during SIV infections reflect antigen-driven antiviral responses rather than a compensatory homeostatic response. These results highlight the interrelated actions of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses in vivo that modulate SIV replication and pathogenesis.
BAC Consensus Conference, November 4???6, 2004: Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, and Preclinical Models
Authors: David C. Christiani, William Pao, James C. DeMartini, R Ilona Linnoila, Alvin M. Malkinson, Amir Onn, Katerina A. Politi, Michael Sharp, Kwok- Kim
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2006)
Abstract 10188: Circulating Levels of MIF, GROα And RANTES Chemokines and Interleukin 17E Correlate With Severity of Pulmonary Hypertension in Young Pediatric Patients With Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: Leína Zorzanelli, Nair Y Maeda, Mariana M Clavé, Ana M Thomaz, Marlene Rabinovitch, Antonio A Lopes
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: Inflammation and immunity are central in the pathogenesis of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), but have not been fully explored in young patients with congenital heart disease and elevated pulmonary artery pressure (PAH-CHD) undergoing surgical repair. Hypothesis: Cytokines and related proteins may be differentially expressed in PAH-CHD patients with distinct hemodynamic patterns. Methods: Sixteen patients with PAH-CHD were enrolled (Group 1, age 1.13 (0.76-2.48) years, median and interquartile range). Pulmonary artery pressure was 52 (43-66) mmHg, and pulmonary vascular resistance was 5.2 (4.2-8.9) Wood units•m 2 . Patients with pulmonary overcirculation, with no need for cardiac catheterization were included for comparison (Group 2, N=31, age 0.71 (0.43-1.02) years). Pulmonary-to-systemic blood flow ratio (echocardiography) in Group 1 and Group 2 was 1.9 (1.3-2.6) and 2.8 (2.3-3.3) respectively (p=0.008). Thirty-six cytokines were analyzed in serum using a chemiluminescence array. Results: In the whole patient group (N=47), MIF chemokine (macrophage migration inhibitory factor) was significantly increased compared to pediatric controls (respective densities 7510±2755 pixels and 5697±2051 pixels, mean±SD, p=0.027). In patients, GROα chemokine (growth-regulated oncogene alpha) was elevated early in life, but decreased exponentially with the age (R 2 =0.21, p=0.001), while interleukin 17E (also called IL-25) increased progressively (R 2 =0.24, p&lt;0.001). MIF was specifically increased in Group 1 compared to Group 2 and controls (respectively, 8494±619 pixels, 6618±477 pixels and 6548±726 pixels, age-adjusted mean±SEM, p=0.037). In contrast, RANTES chemokine (regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted) was specifically elevated in Group 2 compared to Group 1 and controls (respectively, 74183±3865 pixels, 60130±6455 pixels and 59332±3970 pixels, mean±SEM, p=0.039). Conclusion: The data indicate a relationship between cytokine levels and severity of the disease (age, groups), with potential pathophysiological implications. Furthermore, involvement of interleukin 17E and MIF emphasize the role of Th2 immune response already described in PAH.
Abstract 132: Direct interactions of oral bacteria and oral squamous cell carcinoma cells
Authors: Stefan Kovac, Tiara Napier, Jessica Scoffield, Hope Amm
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Head and neck cancers (HNC) are the sixth most common cancer worldwide with more than 90% being squamous cell carcinoma. HNC can occur in the oral cavity, oropharynx, larynx or hypopharynx, or nasal cavities. Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is estimated to be diagnosed in 50,000 patients this year with an overall 5-year survival rate of 64%. The tumor microenvironment has been shown to play a vital role in the progression of many human cancers, including OSCC. Given the complexity of the oral microbiome, we hypothesize that OSCC and oral bacteria interact to affect the tumorigenic properties of OSCC. Methods: OSCC cells were cultured in the presence of oral pathogenic (Streptococcus mutans, Enterococcus faecalis, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans) and non-pathogenic (Streptococcus parasanguinis) bacteria. OSCC cells (A253, Cal27, FaDu, SCC-4, SCC- 9, SCC-25, SCC-152) were assessed for changes in cell proliferation, gene expression, and capacity to invade. Results: Pathogenic oral bacteria increased proliferation in A253 OSCC cells. Enterococcus faecalis increased proliferation of SCC-4, SCC-25 and SCC-152 cells. No increase in proliferation was seen in FaDu and Cal27 cells. When examining changes in gene expression, oral bacteria increased MMP2 expression in A253 cells.Enterococcus faecalis increased JAG1, markers of hedgehog signaling (GLI1, GLI2), cell proliferation (CCDN1, CDKN1A), and cell invasion (MMP2) in SCC-4. In SCC-25 cells, Enterococcus faecalis increased JAG1, GLI1, and GLI2. Despite having no effect in total proliferation, Enterococcus faecalis increased HES1 (a marker of Notch activity), GLI1, and GLI2 in Cal27 cells. In SCC-9 cells, GLI1 expression was increased with all treatments. Streptococcus mutans increased MMP9 and HES1. Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans increased MMP2 and MMP9. Enterococcus faecalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum also increased HES1. Conclusions: Both the chemical and spatial interactions between OSCC and oral bacterium may play a role in tumor progression and migration by regulating proliferation of cancer cells and cellular signaling. A direct infection model, as opposed to interactions with bacterial spent media, showed more potential in terms of affecting cell viability and likely gene regulation as well. Future experiments will further explore the interactions, including the complexity of the oral biofilm in cancer patients and the presence of multiple bacteria. Citation Format: Stefan Kovac, Tiara Napier, Jessica Scoffield, Hope Amm. Direct interactions of oral bacteria and oral squamous cell carcinoma cells [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 132.