tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
FETAL SURGERY
Authors: Alan W. Flake, M.D, Michael R. Harrison, M.D
Journal: Annual Review of Medicine (1995)

▪ Abstract Fetal surgery, as defined for the purpose of this chapter, is the act of opening the gravid uterus, surgically correcting a fetal abnormality, and returning the fetus to the uterus for postoperative recovery and continued gestational development. By this definition, human fetal surgery has now been performed for more than a decade, primarily at a single center ( 1 ). Tremendous progress has been made in our understanding of the natural history and pathophysiology of fetal disease, in solving the technical challenges of fetal surgery, and in intra- and postoperative care and monitoring of the maternal-fetal unit. However, success and general application of fetal surgery continue to be limited by a number of unsolved and formidable problems. The most important of these is the control of preterm labor, which is the Achilles heel of fetal surgery. Preterm labor is to the infantile field of fetal surgery what rejection was to the field of transplantation. The discovery of effective tocolysis would be analogous to the development of effective immunosuppression and would allow fetal surgery to achieve its full potential. In addition, less invasive methods of operating on the fetus are emerging that will further reduce the maternal and fetal risk of this currently highly invasive treatment.
EXPERIMENTAL GLOMERULONEPHRITIS
Journal: JAMA (1961)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
index to advertisers
Journal: JAMA (1990)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Delayed laceration of ulnar nerve following hand trauma
Authors: E. V. Craig
Journal: JAMA (1985)

IT IS imperative that when a patient is seen with a traumatic hand laceration, if the instrument causing the laceration cannot be identified or is unknown, adequate x-ray films be obtained to ensure that potentially dangerous foreign bodies are not embedded in the tissue. These can migrate even after primary wound healing and cause delayed or secondary trauma exceeding the initial episode. The following case illustrates the tragic consequences of failure to include proper roentgenographic studies as part of the initial evaluation of hand trauma. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 20-year-old man was seen in the emergency room after falling on his outstretched right hand in a rock quarry. On initial examination, a laceration over the base of the hypothenar eminence from the pisiform bone to the hook of the hamate bone was noted. The patient complained of no neurological symptoms referable to the area, and the results of neurological
AMPUTATION STUMPS AND SATISFACTORY PROTHESIS.
Journal: JAMA (1904)

There is probably no class of surgical patients to whom the details of treatment have greater subsequent import than those requiring amputation of lower extremities, because the application of a satisfactory artificial leg depends directly on the character of the stump. As this can be so greatly influenced by the operative and the almost equally important after-treatment, it should be an obligation for every surgeon to be exactly informed of the best methods. F. T. Murphy,<sup>1</sup>in a very thorough study of this subject, from the viewpoints of the patient, the prothesist and the surgeon, has, by demonstrating the fallacies of many accepted procedures, and clearly indicating the surest means to the best functional results, forcibly emphasized the essentials of treatment, which, if closely followed, will reduce to a minimum the distress of an enormous number of unfortunates
Decreased tissue factor and tissue‐plasminogen activator antigen in relapsed acute promyelocytic leukemia
Authors: Takahiro Nakasaki, Hideo Wada, Yoshitaka Mori, Yoshinaga Okugawa, Rika Watanabe, Masakatsu Nishikawa, Esteban C. Gabazza, Masahiro Masuya, Shinichi Kageyama, Kousuke Kumeda, Hisao Kato, Hiroshi Shiku
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2000)

This study evaluated hemostatic data in 28 patients with newly diagnosed acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) and 15 patients with relapsed APL. Activated partial thromboplastin time and prothrombin time were prolonged at initial onset of APL. Plasma level of fibrinogen was significantly decreased in patients with initial disease of APL, but it was not decreased significantly during the relapse of APL. Plasma fibrin and fibrinogen degradation products levels were significantly increased and platelet counts significantly decreased in both groups. Plasma levels of antiplasmin significantly decreased at initial onset but not during relapse. Plasma levels of antithrombin were within normal range in patients with initial disease but significantly decreased in those with relapse. Plasma levels of D-dimer, soluble fibrin monomer (sFM), plasmin–plasmin inhibitor complex (PPIC), and thrombin antithrombin complex (TAT) levels were significantly high in both groups. Plasma levels of PPIC, sFM, and D-dimer were significantly higher at initial onset of APL than during relapse. However, there was no significant difference in DIC score between patients with initial onset and those with relapse; plasma levels of tissue factor (TF) significantly increased in both groups, but they were significantly higher at initial onset of APL than during relapse. TF and tissue type plasminogen activator (t-PA) antigen levels in leukemic cell lysate were significantly increased in both groups, and they were significantly lower during relapse than at initial onset. Hemostatic abnormalities occurring in patients with relapsed APL might be the result of the decrease of TF and t-PA in leukemic cells. These findings suggest that DIC in APL patients with relapse might not be caused only by TF and t-PA and thus should be treated with different therapy from patients with initial onset of APL. Am. J. Hematol. 64:145–150, 2000. © 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Prediction of outcome of surgery and anesthesia in patients over 80
Authors: J. L. Djokovic
Journal: JAMA (1979)

We studied the outcome of surgery in 500 patients over 80 years of age. Hospital mortality within one month of surgery was 6.2%. The American Society of Anesthesiologists class 1 to 5 preoperative evaluation scale was useful in predicting death—less than 1% of class 2 patients died, 4% of class 3, and 25% of class 4. Six of seven perioperative deaths were caused by mesenteric infarction. Myocardial infarction was the leading cause of postoperative death. Twenty-four percent of 141 patients who underwent upper abdominal surgery required controlled endotracheal ventilation for more than 24 hours postoperatively; 57% after intrathoracic surgery; and only 2% after surgery that did not enter pleura or peritoneum. Forty-seven patients underwent gallbladder surgery, and 27 peripheral underwent vascular surgery without any hospital fatality. Enflurane appears to be a safe general anesthetic for sick, elderly patients. (<i>JAMA</i>242:2301-2306, 1979)
Intrapsychic Structural Effects of Psychiatric Research
Authors: SAMUEL G. SIRIS, JOHN P. DOCHERTY, THOMAS H. MCGLASHAN
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1979)

The authors observed that many psychotic patients on a clinical/research ward incorporated various aspects of research organization into their own evolving intrapsychic structures. This process had either beneficial or deleterious clinical effects, depending on the attributes of the research and the specific mental functions to which these attributes became attached. The observations resulted in the development of a set of recommendations for maximizing the therapeutic usefulness of this phenomenon and minimizing its countertherapeutic drawbacks.
I stupidly got three convictions as a teenager for driving a motorbike without my driving licence. They are included in my criminal record, even though the convictions have been remitted by order of the Irish minister for justice. Can these convictions affect my selection for a training post in the UK and how can I explain to examiners that I was just a 15 year old boy, fooling around with a motorbike?
Authors: Dr Peter Schutte
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Have a career or related problem that needs answering? Can9t find the right person to point you in the right direction? Log on to the Advice Zone for reliable medical careers advice. You can post a question or see if one of our 300 advisers has already answered a similar question. Here is a selection of questions and answers posted on the site. <b>www.bmjcareers.com/advicezone</b>
Erratum
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1944)

festing dogs in this country are carriers of the rickett- sial organism that causes Rocky Mountain spotted fever.The questioning dog owner may be referred to the veterinarian to help solve the problem of deticking his dog.Food Sanitation.A recommendation by health officers for the inclusion of veterinarians on local boards of health should prove advantageous.The veterinarian's knowledge of food sanitation as evidenced by the work of the Veterinary Corps of the United States Army -and disease control would be valuable in the effective performance of a board's duties. SummaryVarious ways in which the veterinarian can be of assistance to the health officer are discussed, and increased utilization of the former by the latter is recommended.
Practical Massage and Corrective Exercises with Applied Anatomy.
Journal: JAMA (1930)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Measuring Exposures to Glycol Ethers
Authors: David E. Clapp, Dennis D. Zaebst, Robert F. Herrick
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1984)

In 1981, NIOSH began investigating the potential reproductive health effects resulting from exposures to a class of organic solvents known generically as glycol ethers (GE). This research was begun as a result of the NIOSH criteria document development program which revealed little data available on the health effects of glycol ether exposure. Toxicologic research was begun by NIOSH and other researchers which suggested substantial reproductive effects in animals. These animal data motivated a study of human exposures in the occupational setting. In 1981 and 1982 NIOSH conducted several walk-through surveys which included preliminary measurements of exposures in a variety of industries including painting trades, coal mining, production blending and distribution facilities, aircraft fueling, and communications equipment repair facilities. The human exposure data from these surveys is summarized in this paper with most results well below 1 parts per million (ppm) and only a few values approaching 10 ppm. Blood samples were collected at one site resulting in GE concentrations below the limit of detection. Exposures to airborne glycol ethers, in the industries investigated during the collection of this data, revealed several problems in reliably sampling GE at low concentrations. It became apparent, from the data and observations of work practices, that air monitoring alone provided an inadequate index of GE exposure. Further field studies of exposure to GE are anticipated, pending location of additional groups of exposed workers and development of more reliable methods for characterizing exposure, especially biological monitoring.
Are psychiatric benefits worth the cost?
Authors: D. J. Scherl
Journal: JAMA (1985)

The June 1985 issue of theArchives of General Psychiatrydevotes a major share of its space to six papers,<sup>1-6</sup>each of which bears on fundamental questions of cost and of benefit in the provision of psychiatric services. Five years ago, theArchiveswould probably not have published more than six such articles in an entire year. But the new fiscal regulatory environment dominating current thought about the provision of medical services is also fundamentally altering the manner in which services are and will in the future be provided. It may be useful to recall briefly how the present situation came to pass. To considerably simplify a complex history, until the end of World War II, American psychiatry was overwhelmingly (although not exclusively) a public-sector-state-hospital dominated field. From 1945 until the early 1960s, psychiatry experienced a period dominated by specialization (and subspecialization) of practitioners and by an accelerated formulation
A Look at Management of Psoriasis
Journal: JAMA (1980)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Exposure to biological therapies during conception and pregnancy: a systematic review
Authors: E. Pottinger, R.T. Woolf, L.S. Exton, A.D. Burden, C. Nelson‐Piercy, C.H. Smith
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2018)

Biologic therapies are effective treatments for psoriasis and are often used in women of childbearing age. Regulatory authorities state that there are no adequate studies to evaluate the safety of biologics at conception or during pregnancy and therefore advise against their use at these times. However, in practice these situations are challenging given the clinical need to treat on‐going psoriasis. To evaluate the safety of biologic therapy in conception and/or pregnancy, the authors of this study, from the U.K., performed a systematic review of studies of women exposed to biologic therapy for the treatment of psoriasis during conception and/or pregnancy. The authors identified four studies involving 1300 women exposed to biologics (called TNFi) 3 months prior to or during the first 3 months of pregnancy. These studies showed a trend towards drug‐specific harm with TNFi exposure in women with different inflammatory diseases (i.e. not just psoriasis), with an increased risk of congenital malformations in three of the studies, and pre‐term birth in one of the studies. However, the risk was low and there is uncertainty about the causal role of TNFi. The authors conclude that the potential effect of biologics on pregnancy outcomes specifically in women with psoriasis has not been adequately studied to quantify accurately. Data on use of biologics in other diseases is limited. Women of childbearing potential should be routinely advised to use regular contraception, however, when planning conception the risk and benefits of continuing versus stopping therapy should be discussed case‐by‐case. A large study is required, taking into account other factors that may influence pregnancy such as disease activity, other therapies and maternal demographics.
Treatment of Endometriosis
Authors: David L. Olive, Elizabeth A. Pritts
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2001)

Endometriosis is the growth of endometrium outside the uterine cavity or myometrium (endometriotic implants), usually in the peritoneal cavity (Figure 1). The question of how the tissue attains this abnormal placement is controversial, although the predominant theory is that retrograde menstruation is the cause.1 Additional factors that may be important in pathogenesis include immunologic abnormalities, endometrial disorders, and peritoneal dysfunction.1 The principal manifestations of endometriosis are pelvic pain and infertility.2 The extent of the pain is influenced primarily by the location and depth of the endometriotic implant, with deep implants in highly innervated areas most consistently associated with pain. Infertility . . .
Fine-needle aspiration of malignant hepatic nodules for cytodiagnosis
Authors: A. L. Hurwitz
Journal: JAMA (1974)

The cytologic diagnosis of metastatic carcinoma of the liver was established in two patients by fine-needle aspiration of hepatic nodules. The aspiration was successful despite lack of cooperation by one patient. The other patient had had a standard transthoracic liver biopsy that was not diagnostic for metastatic carcinoma. Peritoneoscopy would have been a difficult procedure with either patient. Fine-needle aspiration of the liver may be a useful adjunct to standard liver biopsy and may prevent peritoneoscopy or exploratory laparotomy with certain patients. (<i>JAMA</i>229:814-815, 1974)
Medical News
Journal: JAMA (1928)

(Physicians will confer a favor by sending for this department items of news of more or less general interest: such as relate to society activities, new hospitals, education, public health, etc.) <h3>ARKANSAS</h3><h3>State Medical Election.</h3> —At the fifty-third annual session of the Arkansas Medical Society, May 1-3, El Dorado, Dr. Thad Cothern, Jonesboro, was elected president-elect; Drs. H. H. Niehuss, El Dorado, Othello M. Bourland, Van Buren, and Samuel J. Allbright, Searcy, vice presidents; Dr. Royal J. Calcote, Little Rock, treasurer, and Dr. William R. Bathurst, Little Rock, secretary-editor. Drs. Bathurst and Homer Scott, both of Little Rock, were elected delegates to the American Medical Association. The council appropriated $1,000 to assist in educating the laity in regard to the merits of the proposed basic science law, of the state charity hospital, and of improvements in the state medical school. Three hundred dollars was voted to promote the circulation of
Gold for rheumatoid arthritis.
Journal: BMJ (1971)

Gold for Rheumatoid ArthritisGold salts were widely used in the treatment of tuberculosis in the early 1920s1 and were then tried in another inflammatory disease, rheumatoid arthritis.23 But it was the work of Jacques Forestier4-6 in the next few years which brought chrysotherapy to the attention of the medical profession throughout the world.This form of treatment was then taken up with great enthusiasm in Great Britain and other countries.Many reports of good results followed, but also of toxic reactions-the subject of a letter in our correspondence columns this week (page 504).S. J. Hartfall and colleagues7 recorded 40%/' of treated cases as developing toxic reactions, including rashes, stomatitis, intestinal colic, diarrhoea, vomiting, jaundice, purpura, and agranulocytosis.Renal damage was also reported.Dosage tended, however, to be higher in those days than it is today, and it was not appreciated at that time that one complication, gold hepatitis, was probably due in many cases to serum hepatitis.Many trials were carried out, but as few had control series of patients it was difficult to draw helpful conclusions.Between 1940 and 1958, however, some controlled trials were reported,8-12 though in only one, that of T. N. Fraser,9 was the trial double-blind, both patient and physician remaining ignorant of the treatment given.In all these trials the authors found in favour of gold salts, but in two,13 14 no significant difference was found between the groups of patients treated and not treated with gold.The Empire Rheumatism Council, under the stimulus of Sir Stanley Davidson, then organized a multicentre trial, and this was reported in 196015 and 1961.16In this carefully constructed, double-blind controlled study gold salts were found to improve the average clinical condition of the majority of patients over an observation period of 18 months by all criteria except radiological.Improvement started in the third month of a six-month course of sodium aurothiomalate, the total dosage being 1 g.The improvement was maintained in general for one year after the last injection was given, but in the following year most of the advantage had disappeared.This was, in general, the experience of most practising rheumatologists at the time.Gold improved the clinical condition in rheumatoid arthritis and was the only form of treatment then available that lasted longer than the period in which it was actually administered.