tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Insect-sting encephalopathy.
Journal: BMJ (1982)

beta-blocker treatment (acebutolol 300 mg, atenolol 200 mg, and propranolol 160 mg daily, respectively).In each patient T-wave inversion was present in leads II, III, aVF, and V4-6: after exercise as well as at rest (supine and stand- ing) in case 1, only at rest in case 2, and only after exercise in case 3. Two weeks after beta-blocker treatment was stopped the T waves became normally upright in each patient, though in case 1 they could again be inverted after the patient had been standing for 15 minutes.Full cardiovascular investigation while the patients were not receiving any treatment included haemodynamic assessment, left ventricular and selective coronary angiography, arterial and coronary sinus lactate measurements, a pacing test, and provocation with ergometrine (500 ixg intravenously).There was no evidence of coronary artery stenosis, coronary artery spasm, myo- cardial ischaemia, or other cardiovascular abnormality.A maximal treadmill test (Bruce protoCOl2) was normal in all the patients.The effects on the electrocardiogram of acute treatment with acebutolol 800 mg by mouth over 12 hours (case 1) and propranolol 10 mg intravenously (cases 2 and 3) were studied.The T waves remained upright in each case both at rest (supine or standing) and on exercise testing, immediately and 20 minutes after exercise.A further course of chronic treatment with acebutolol 300 mg, atenolol 200 mg, and propranolol 320 mg respectively for three weeks reproduced the original T-wave inversion in cases 1 and 2 but not in case 3 (figure).After treatment was stopped again the T waves became upright Chronic treatment No treat-ment Caise 2 Case 3 41~~~~~~~~~~~.. ... ...... T.2Elietoarigrm otindinte.heeptins.spieledb5beoe.a.adimeiteyafe.b)eerie in all patients, though in case 1 they could again be inverted on standing.T waves were not inverted in any patient by hyperventilation, but in case I hyperventilation normalised the inversion induced by standing when the patient was not receiving treatment.
Guide to the Surgical Instruments and Objects in the Historical Series with Their History and Development.
Journal: JAMA (1930)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Accuracy of death certificate completion: the need for formalized physician training
Authors: J. Messite
Journal: JAMA (1996)

Objective.-Toassess the extent to which accuracy of death certificate completion varies with level of physician training and experience. Design andSetting.-In a classroom setting, subjects were presented with six written cases of hospital deaths adapted from materials from the National Center for Health Statistics and were asked to complete the cause-of-death section of the New York City death certificate.Participants.-Atotal of 12 practicing general internists, 21 internal medicine residents, and 35 senior medical students.Outcome Measures.-Theunderlying cause of death recorded by each participant was compared with the correct cause determined by a nosologist.Agreement and disagreement were classified as major or minor depending on concordance within the 17 International Classification of Diseases categories.Results.-0nly one internist and five residents had received formal training in death certificate completion.The overall level of agreement between underlying cause of death reported by the three groups of participants and the correct cause was 56.9% for internists, 56.0% for residents, and 55.7% for medical students, although agreement varied with the type of case, ranging from 15% to 99%.Conclusions.-If the misciassification observed in this pilot study were widespread, it would imply a substantial underreporting of mortality from both circulatory diseases and diabetes.These data strongly support the need to include training in death certificate completion as part of physician education.
Incorrect Patient Numbers Reported in Tables
Authors: Vivian Sung
Journal: JAMA (2020)

Mark C. Genovese, MD; Kenneth Kalunian, MD; Jacques-Eric Gottenberg, MD, PhD; Neelufar Mozaffarian, MD, PhD; Beatrix Bartok, MD; Franziska Matzkies, MD; Jie Gao, PhD; Ying Guo, PhD; Chantal Tasset, PhD; John S. Sundy, MD, PhD; Kurt de Vlam, MD, PhD; David Walker, MD; Tsutomu Takeuchi, MD, PhD
Pseudosclerodermia
Authors: R. B. McMillan
Journal: BMJ (1943)

PSEUDOSCLERODERMIAMEDBRITISHURNAL 229 form frequently start with the usual symptoms, and thus a different variety becomes established imperceptibly.What benefit is to be derived from describing epidemic catarrhal jaundice as a separate clinical entity?It is stated that outbreaks of the disease often accompany an increased incidence of diarrhoeal disorders and that the initial symptoms may be of the "influenzal " type.Only one form of the disease is described by this name, and therefore it is misleading.These facts surely support the adoption of a wider conception of influenza.SummaryIt is suggested that the application of the term " influenza" be generic; that the names " epidemic catarrhal jaundice " and " infective hepatitis " are unsatisfactory, and that " influenzal jaundice " or " hepatitis " would convey a clearer conception of the disease.A case of acute lymphocytic meningitis occurring in influenzal jaundice is described.I wish to thank Dr. P. F.
Immunohistochemical analysis of the skin in junctional epidermolysis bullosa using laminin 5 chain specific antibodies is of limited value in predicting the underlying gene mutation
Authors: J.R. MCMILLAN, J.A. MCGRATH, L. PULKKINEN, A. KON, R.E. BURGESON, J-P. ORTONNE, G. MENEGUZZI, J. UITTO, R.A.J. EADY
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1997)
Molecular determinants of glucocorticoid receptor function and tissue sensitivity to glucocorticoids
Authors: C. M. Bamberger
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (1996)

I. IntroductionSTEROID hormones are essential constituents of the intercellular communication system that maintains homeostasis in higher organisms. Glucocorticoids, a major subclass of steroid hormones, modulate a large number of metabolic, cardiovascular, immune, and behavioral functions (for a review see Refs. 1 and 2). Glucocorticoids are produced by the adrenal cortex under the regulatory influence of ACTH. The latter is produced by corticotrophs of the anterior pituitary, in turn, under the regulatory influence of hypothalamic CRH and arginine vasopressin (AVP). The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is kept in balance by the negative feedback effects of cortisol on the secretion of ACTH, CRH, and usually, to a lesser extent, AVP. In the resting state, basal levels of CRH, AVP, ACTH, and cortisol are released in a pulsatile and circadian fashion. At these baseline levels, the main function of cortisol is to sustain normoglycemia and to prevent arterial hypotension. Whether and to what extent the immunosuppressive effects of cortisol are relevant at resting state levels in humans is still a matter of dispute (3). Activation of the HPA axis during physical and/or emotional stress and the resulting increase in plasma cortisol levels are probably required for central nervous system (CNS) activation, higher blood glucose concentrations, and an elevated mean blood pressure in the stress state. Cortisol also restrains a potential concurrent inflammatory/immune reaction, which might otherwise lead to tissue damage.
ALKALINITY OF THE BLOOD IN RELATION TO THE PROGNOSIS IN CANCER
Journal: JAMA (1931)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Distribution of Metallothionein-Bound Cadmium and Cadmium Chloride in Mice: Preliminary Studies
Authors: Monica Nordberg, Gunnar F. Nordberg
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1975)

Metallothionein from livers of mice was isolated by gel chromatography and isoelectric focusing. One of two forms thus obtained contained 32 percent cysteine. This form, labeled in vitro with 109Cd, was injected intravenously in mice, and the distribution of 109Cd was studied. Animals killed after 4 hrs had over 80 percent of the injected dose in the kidneys. Protein obtained after gel chromatography, containing both forms of cadmium-binding protein, was also labeled in vitro with 109Cd and injected intravenously. Animals killed 4 hrs after injection had 50 percent of the injected dose in the kidneys. Whole-body measurements and wholebody autoradiography demonstrated that approximately 40-60 percent of the injected dose had been excreted in urine. The results show a selective accumulation of metallothionein-bound cadmium in the kidney and indicate possible differences in distribution and excretion of cadmium depending on binding to different forms of low molecular weight cadmium-binding proteins.
Reimbursement policies constrain the practice of oncology
Authors: T. Laetz
Journal: JAMA (1991)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To determine the prevalence of off-label anticancer drug use (ie, using drugs to treat conditions other than those listed on the Food and Drug Administration's approved drug label), the extent of reimbursement denials for these uses, and the effect of denials on the treatment of cancer patients. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants.</h3> —A three-part questionnaire was sent to a randomized sample of oncologists taken from the 1990 membership of the American Society of Clinical Oncology in March 1990. A response rate of 56% yielded information from 681 oncologists on the drugs they prescribed to 2018 new cancer patients and on those they frequently use in treating 11 specific types of cancer. <h3>Main Outcome Measures.</h3> —The labeled uses of the drugs prescribed and frequently used in chemotherapies were checked against the indications treated to determine whether they were prescribed for off-label uses. Three drug compendia were used as cited sources of off-label drug uses. The extent of reimbursement denials over the last 12 months and their effects on treatments were based on respondent opinions. <h3>Main Results.</h3> —Off-label drug use is prevalent and dominates the chemotherapy regimens of cancers that are more difficult to treat and for which there are no cures or agreements on standardized treatment. Most oncologists reported frustration with shifting reimbursement policies in general and with an increasing rate of denials for some off-label drug uses. Indeed, a surprising number of oncologists claimed that these policies caused them to alter preferred treatments and site of care. <h3>Conclusion.</h3> —These findings suggest the need for public discussion of off-label drug use issues so that appropriate policies can be developed. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1991;266:2996-2999)
Abstract 2374: Oncogenic kinases-induced PKM2 tyrosine 105 phosphorylation converts nononcogenic PKM2 to a tumor promoter and induces cancer stem-like cells
Authors: Lin Zhang, Zhifen Zhou, Min Li, Dihua Yu
Journal: Cancer Research (2018)

Abstract The role of pyruvate kinase M2 isoform (PKM2) in tumor progression has been controversial. Previous studies showed that PKM2 promoted tumor growth in xenograft models; however, depletion of PKM2 in the Brca1-loss-driven mammary tumor mouse model accelerated tumor formation. Since oncogenic kinases are frequently activated in tumors and PKM2 phosphorylation promotes tumor growth, we hypothesized that PKM2 phosphorylation by activated kinases in tumor cells confers PKM2 oncogenic function, whereas non-phosphorylated PKM2 is non-oncogenic. Indeed, we found that PKM2 was phosphorylated at tyrosine 105 (Y105) in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells; whereas PKM2 was largely unphosphorylated in non-transformed MCF10A cells. Multiple kinases that are frequently activated in different cancer types were identified to phosphorylate PKM2-Y105 in our tyrosine kinase screening. Introducing the PKM2-Y105D phospho-mimetic mutant into MCF10A cells induced colony formation and the CD44hi/CD24neg cancer stem-like cell population partly by increasing YAP protein nuclear localization. ErbB2, a strong inducer of PKM2-Y105 phosphorylation, boosted YAP nuclear localization and cancer stem-like cell population. Lapatinib, an ErbB2 kinase inhibitor, decreased PKM2-Y105 phosphorylation and cancer stem-like cells, impeding PKM2 tumor-promoting function. Taken together, in non-transformed cells, unphosphorylated PKM2 is non-oncogenic; but in tumor cells, phosphorylated PKM2-Y105 by activated kinases gains oncogenic functions partly by activating YAP downstream signaling to increase cancer stem-like cell properties. Citation Format: Lin Zhang, Zhifen Zhou, Min Li, Dihua Yu. Oncogenic kinases-induced PKM2 tyrosine 105 phosphorylation converts nononcogenic PKM2 to a tumor promoter and induces cancer stem-like cells [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 2374.
Clinical pharmacology
Authors: M. M. Reidenberg
Journal: JAMA (1993)

The need to understand drug metabolism in everyday therapeutics was illustrated recently by the dramatic case of torsades de pointes arrhythmia occurring in a patient receiving terfenadine.<sup>1</sup>This patient had very high serum levels of terfenadine while taking ordinary doses of the drug. The patient was also taking ketoconazole, which inhibited the enzyme that metabolizes terfenadine and led to the very high terfenadine levels and serious toxicity. This impairment of metabolism was verified in a group of normal volunteers who experienced prolongation of the QT interval during concomitant administration of the drugs.<sup>2</sup> The basis of the interaction involves the enzyme that metabolizes terfenadine, cytochrome P450IIIA4. This enzyme in the liver is one of many cytochrome P-450 enzymes (P for pigment, 450 for the maximum wavelength absorption when exposed to carbon monoxide) that metabolize drugs. There are several different families of cytochrome P-450 enzymes with different patterns of substrate
DANIEL DRAKE
Journal: JAMA (1961)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract P186: A Randomized Preschool Trial To Promote Cardiovascular Health In Colombia: 18 Month Follow Up.
Authors: Jaime Céspedes, German Briceño, Michael Farkouh, Rajesh Vedanthan, Martha Leal, Rodolfo Dennis, Marilyn Hunn, Valentin Fuster
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Introduction: Educational programs for children can increase uptake of healthy lifestyle behaviors. However, the impact of educational programs in preschool-aged children in low- and middle-income countries is not known. We conducted a five month educational intervention in preschool facilities (PF) in Bogota, Colombia, to assess changes in preschooler’s knowledge, attitudes and habits (KAH) towards healthy eating and living an active lifestyle. Methods: We conducted a cluster, randomized, controlled trial, and randomly assigned 14 PF in Bogota to a five-month educational intervention (7 PF) or to usual curriculum (7 PF). The intervention included classroom activities and use of printed material and videos. A total of 1216 pre-school children, 928 parents, and 120 teachers participated. A structured survey was used to evaluate changes in KAH with a weighted total score (WTS). The primary outcome was change in children's WTS, and the secondary outcomes were change in parents’ and teachers' WTS. The control PF were provided the intervention after the initial evaluation. To assess sustainability, we evaluated both intervention and control groups at 18 months. Results: At 6 months, children in the intervention group showed 10.9% increase in WTS vs. 5.3% in controls, p&lt;0.001, after adjustment for cluster, sex, age and teachers' educational level. Among parents, the equivalent results were 8.9% and 3.1%, respectively, p&lt; 0.001, and among teachers 9.4% and 2.5%, p=0.06. At the 18-month extended follow-up, both the intervention and control children showed a significant further increase in WTS, p&lt;0.001 (Figure 1). In parents and teachers in the intervened group, there was no significant increase in WTS, p=0.7417, and p=0.1197. In the control group, there was an increase in WTS in teachers but not in parents, p=0.001, and p=0.4239. Conclusion: A preschool based intervention, aimed at changing KAH related to healthy diet and active lifestyle, is feasible, efficacious and sustainable up to 18 months in very young children in Colombia.
Relative accuracy of various procedures in the diagnosis of bronchogenic carcinoma. Bronchoscopy, scalene-node biopsy, and cytology
Authors: W. O. Umiker
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Any discussion relative to the comparative diagnostic accuracy of bronchoscopy, scalene-node biopsy, and exfoliative cytology has two implied restrictions: (1) The patients under consideration are lung cancer suspects. They have signs or symptoms suggestive of lung cancer or have suspicious roentgenographic findings (usually both). This excludes any evaluation of these techniques for screening healthy populations. Only cytology in this diagnostic triad would be feasible for such study, and it would be contrasted with roentgenographic results, not those of bronchoscopy or scalene-node biopsy. (2) This is a comparison of microscopic diagnoses and therefore excludes bronchoscopic visual diagnoses. Our comparative results are demonstrated in Tables 1 and 2. <h3>Bronchoscopy</h3> A bronchoscopic biopsy positive for malignancy is still the most valuable preoperative finding. False-positive diagnoses are rare. They usually occur when the pathologist, trying to avoid equivocation, bases his diagnosis on insufficient evidence. Unfortunately, the percentage of bronchial biopsies positive for malignancy
Ultrastructural changes in perfusion-fixed human non-alcoholic fatty liver disease biopsies
Authors: Pauline Verhaegh, Eddie Wisse, Toon De Munck, Jan W. Greve, Joanne Verheij, Robert Riedl, Hans Duimel, Ad Masclee, Daisy Jonkers, Ger Koek
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2020)
In memoriam
Authors: Daniel M. Becker
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
LBA-04 The E-DIS study, a randomized discontinuation trial of first-line chemotherapy (CT) in patients with metastatic squamous-cell esophageal cancer (MSEC): efficacy and quality of life results
Authors: J. Bennouna, P.-L. Etienne, E. Bogart, M.-P. Galais, M. Benabdelghani, E. Francois, P. Michel, L. Dahan, J.-P. Metges, F. Ghiringhelli, T. Conroy, N. Kotecki, L. Bedenne, F. El Hajbi, E. Samalin, G. Piessen, S. Delaine-Clisant, N. Penel, C. Mariette, A. Adenis
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2016)