tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Management of Heart Failure
Authors: David W. Baker
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —This article reviews the incidence of arterial thromboembolism in patients with heart failure who are not receiving anticoagulants. We also examine whether more severe ventricular dysfunction increases this incidence and the efficacy and risks of anticoagulation for patients in sinus rhythm. <h3>Data Sources.</h3> —English-language studies referenced in MEDLINE or EMBASE (January 1966 to September 1993) were reviewed. We used the search terms<i>heart failure, congestive; congestive heart failure; heart failure; cardiac failure</i>; and<i>dilated cardiomyopathy</i>in conjunction with the terms<i>anticoagulation, cerebrovascular disorders, stroke</i>, and<i>thromboembolism</i>. <h3>Study Selection.</h3> —All studies with separate data for patients with chronic heart failure not receiving anticoagulants were included. Articles addressing valvular heart disease or heart failure secondary to acute myocardial infarction or Chagas' disease were excluded. Studies of the occurrence of left ventricular mural thrombi were also reviewed. <h3>Data Extraction and Synthesis.</h3> —Inclusion and exclusion criteria, prevalence of atrial fibrillation, mean follow-up, and the occurrence of arterial thromboembolic events were extracted. If the incidence was not given, this was estimated using the proportion of patients with events divided by the mean follow-up. <h3>Conclusion.</h3> —The incidence of arterial thromboembolism ranged from 0.9 to 5.5 events per 100 patient-years, with the largest studies reporting incidence of 2.0% and 2.4%. Findings regarding the relationship between ventricular function and thromboembolic events are contradictory. No controlled trial has assessed the efficacy or risks of anticoagulation for patients with heart failure and sinus rhythm, and reported efficacy in case series ranged from 0% to 100%. Until adequate studies are performed, anticoagulation should be discouraged for patients with heart failure who are in sinus rhythm. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1994;272:1614-1618)
Contemporary threats to adolescent health in the United States
Authors: R. Blum
Journal: JAMA (1987)

Over the past 30 years, adolescents have been the only population in the United States who have not experienced improvement in their health status. Violence has replaced communicable diseases as the primary cause of juvenile mortality and, currently, over 77% of adolescent deaths are caused by accidents, suicide, and homicide. Increasingly, poverty, life-style, and risk-taking behaviors are influencing the morbidities of youth, with associated sequelae of trauma, adolescent pregnancy, substance abuse, physical/sexual abuse, and most other major health problems of adolescents. Clinicians seem to be interested in addressing the shifting nature of adolescent morbidity, yet are insufficiently trained to be effective. The physician must go beyond traditional clinical medicine and address the social, environmental, and behavioral factors that underlie current morbidity. (<i>JAMA</i>1987;257:3390-3395)
Pathogenesis of congenital rubella
Authors: R. L. Naeye
Journal: JAMA (1965)

A quantitative study has been made of organ and cellular development in eight newborn and seven older infants with congenital rubella. The infants were subnormal in size at birth due to retarded intrauterine growth. A further retardation of growth was observed in the postnatal period. The basis of growth retardation in such infants is a subnormal number of cells in many body organs. The cause of the growth disturbance appears to be an activity of the proliferating virus which inhibits cell multiplication. Necrotic or inflammatory changes in the tissues are rare. The subnormal number of cells in many body organs provides a partial explanation for the long-term physical and mental retardation encountered in some persons who have had congenital rubella.
Preventing Bone Loss with Medications in Postmenopausal Women
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1999)

Summaries for Patients21 December 1999Preventing Bone Loss with Medications in Postmenopausal WomenSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-131-12-199912210-00026 SectionsAboutFull Text ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail What is the problem and what is known about it so far?Bone loss (osteoporosis) is common among women after menopause and can lead to fractures. Alendronate is a medicine that slows further bone loss in women who already have osteoporosis. Less bone loss also occurs in women without osteoporosis who take alendronate daily for up to 3 years, but the effect of taking it for more than 3 years is not known. Taking estrogen and progesterone after menopause (hormone replacement) also prevents bone loss.Why did the researchers do this particular study?To find out 1) whether alendronate continues ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: The summary below is from the full report titled “Alendronate and estrogen–progestin in the Long-Term Prevention of Bone Loss: Four-Year Results from the Early Postmenopausal Intervention Cohort Study. A Randomized, Controlled Trial.” It is in the 12 December 1999 issue of Annals of Internal Medicine (volume 131, pages 935-942). The authors are P. Ravn, M. Bidstrup, R.D. Wasnich, J.W. Davis, M.R. McClung, A. Balske, C. Coupland, O. Sahota, A. Kaur, M. Daley, and G. Cizza, for the Early Postmenopausal Intervention Cohort Study Group.Summaries for Patients are a service provided by Annals to help patients better understand the complicated and often mystifying language of modern medicine.Summaries for Patients are presented for informational purposes only. These summaries are not a substitute for advice from your own medical provider. If you have questions about this material, or need medical advice about your own health or situation, please contact your physician. The summaries may be reproduced for not-for-profit educational purposes only. Any other uses must be approved by the American College of Physicians-American Society of Internal Medicine. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoAlendronate and Estrogen–Progestin in the Long-Term Prevention of Bone Loss: Four-Year Results from the Early Postmenopausal Intervention Cohort Study: A Randomized, Controlled Trial Pernille Ravn , Marianne Bidstrup , Richard D. Wasnich , James W. Davis , Michael R. McClung , Ana Balske , Carol Coupland , Opinder Sahota , Amarjot Kaur , Marianne Daley , Giovanni Cizza , and Metrics 21 December 1999Volume 131, Issue 12Page: 935KeywordsBoneBone resorptionCohort studiesDrugsEstrogensHemorrhageHormonesMenopauseOsteoporosisProgesterone Issue Published: 21 December 1999 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1999 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.Loading ...
Les gaz toxiques: Physiologie, toxicologie, protection, thérapeutique
Journal: JAMA (1934)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
No Safe Harbor
Authors: W. Conard Holton
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1998)

Fo IcusMost harbors in the world suffer from the constant accumulation of sediment washed into shipping channels from inland sources or rearranged on the harbor floor.This constant threat of sediment accumulation challenges commercial viability, especially as ever-larger oceangoing ves- sels require deeper channels to reach dock.As a matter of course, dredging is used to maintain existing channels and create new ones.The cost of dredging to remove the sediment is high, but the example of now- landlocked Bruges, Belgium-once a pros- perous 14th-century port city whose city fathers chose not to dredge-is a sobering reminder of the consequences of ignoring sediment accumulation.Sediment containing potentially haz- ardous amounts of chemical, organic, and metal contamination was not regarded as an environmental health concern until the 1970s, when a new awareness prompted measures that have since severely limited the ability to dispose of the material in the traditional and least expensive manner-by dumping it in the ocean.Because so much of world trade must pass through harbors, and because cost-effective alternatives to ocean dumping are limited, the world's largest trading ports such as New York/New Jersey and Rotterdam, Nether- lands, have been forced to address the con- taminated sediment problem in new ways and on a scale never before required.In March 1997, the National Research Council (NRC), in its document Contamin- ated Sediments in Ports and Waterways: Ceanup Strags and Technolgies, estimated that in the United States, approximately 14-28 million cubic yards of contaminated sediments-approximately 5-10% of all sediments dredged-must be managed in some way each year.According to the report, the primary reasons for managing this sediment are to identify and dean up threats to public health and wildlife, and to meet water and environmental quality stan- dards.It also is vital, says the report, to ame- liorate dredging controversies, particularly concerning the designation of disposal sites for contaminated dredged material.Harbor sediment contamination is generally in the form of chemicals that sorb to fine-grained particles, although organic materials and metals are also a problem.These chemicals include trace metals and hydrophobic organics such as dioxins, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs).Concentration is often diffuse but can be
BACTERIAL CONJUNCTIVITIS
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Instrumental Aspects of Positive and Negative Ion Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometry
Authors: George C. Stafford
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1980)

Differences in recording positive and negative ion chemical ionization mass spectra on a quadrupole mass spectrometer are discussed. An analog positive and negative ion electron multiplier detector is described which is well suited for a quadrupole instrument. This detector significantly reduces baseline noise in the negative ion mode and improves positive ion high mass sensitivity.
Asklepios
Authors: James E. Bailey
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1996)

Letters1 August 1996AsklepiosJames E. Bailey, MD, MPHJames E. Bailey, MD, MPHUniversity of Tennessee, Memphis, Memphis, TN 38103Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-125-3-199608010-00023 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:Dr. Banks raises a fundamental question about the true origins of Western medical ethics and questions whether they can be attributed solely to the ancient Greeks. He asserts that Greece cannot serve as a teleologic source for modern medical ethics. Indeed, the Greeks did not create the ethic of medical service that is promoted through the myths of Asklepios. For the inspiration and ultimate source of these myths, we must look deeper. The Asklepian myths, however, provide one foundation for subsequent attempts to characterize ethical medical practice. Dr. Banks states that it is as absurd to study Greek ...References1. Edelstein EJ, Edelstein L. Asclepius: A Collection and Interpretation of the Testimonies. Volumes I and II. Baltimore: John Hopkins Pr; 1945. Google Scholar2. Friedlander WJ. The golden wand of medicine: A History of the Caduceus Symbol in Medicine. New York, NY: Greenwood Pr; 1992. Google Scholar3. Cassel CK. The patient–physician covenant: an affirmation of Asklepios [Editorial]. Ann Intern Med. 1996; 124:604-6. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: James E. Bailey, MD, MPHAffiliations: University of Tennessee, Memphis, Memphis, TN 38103 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byThe cardiovascular system in the pre-Hippocratic eraThe Symbol of Modern Medicine: Why One Snake Is More Than Two*Robert A. Wilcox, BMBS, BSc(Hons), PhD and Emma M. Whitham, MBBS, BSc(Hons), PhDHippocrates and cardiology 1 August 1996Volume 125, Issue 3Page: 254KeywordsMedical ethicsMedical services ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 August 1996 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1996 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
From the author
Authors: P.M.A. Calverley
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2004)

Combination therapy with maintenance budesonide and formoterol in COPDTo the Editors:CALVERLEY et al.[1] provide further evidence for combination therapy with inhaled corticosteroids and long-acting b-agonists in severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) as maintenance therapy.In addition, a previous study, also confirming such benefit, showed an advantage for monotherapy with fluticasone in reducing exacerbations [2].The study by CALVERLEY et al. [1] did not show a benefit for budesonide monotherapy in exacerbation reductions.Does monotherapy with inhaled steroids reduce exacerbations in severe COPD?The conclusion that "additional clinical benefit when combined in a single inhaler" would surely be further strengthened by assessing the effectiveness of the fixed-dose single inhaler combination against the same drugs in separate inhalers?As there are sound cellular reasons for combining these two classes of drug [3], would there not be a potential advantage in the use of these two drugs as separate inhalers to allow greater dose flexibility, although this is of greater relevance in asthma?Or, if fixed-dose combinations are superior to separate inhalers taken together, then would this also be an important finding to favour the former?
Mucus Glycoprotein Secretion by Tracheal Explants: Effects of Pollutants
Authors: Jerold A. Last, Tokio Kaizu
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1980)

Tracheal slices incubated with radioactive precursors in tissue culture medium secrete labeled mucus glycoproteins into the culture medium. We have used an in vivtro approach, a combined method utilizing exposure to pneumotoxins in vivo coupled with quantitation of mucus secretion rates in vitro, to study the effects of inhaled pollutants on mucus biosynthesis by rat airways. In addition, we have purified the mucus glycoproteins secreted by rat tracheal explants in order to determine putative structural changes that might by the basis for the observed augmented secretion rates after exposure of rats to H2SO4 aerosols in combination with high ambient levels of ozone. After digestion with papain, mucus glycoproteins secreted by tracheal explants may be separated into five fractions by ion-exchange chromatography, with recovery in high yield, on columns of DEAE-cellulose. Each of these five fractions, one neutral and four acidic, migrates as a single unique spot upon cellulose acetate electrophoresis at pH values of 8.6 and 1.2. The neutral fraction, which is labeled with [3H] glucosamine, does not contain radioactivity when Na2 35SO4 is used as the precursor. Acidic fractions I-IV are all labeled with either 3H-glucosamine or Na2 35SO4 as precursor. Acidic fraction II contains sialic acid as the terminal sugar on its oligosaccharide side chains, based upon its chromatographic behavior on columns of wheat-germ agglutinin-Agarose. Treatment of this fraction with neuraminidase shifts its elution position in the gradient to a lower salt concentration, coincident with acidic fraction I. After removal of terminal sialic acid residues with either neuraminidase or low pH treatment, the resultant terminal sugar on the oligosaccharide side chains is fucose. These results are identical with those observed with mucus glycoproteins secreted by cultured human tracheal explants and purified by these same techniques.
Delirium
Authors: Donovan McAbee
Journal: JAMA (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Procedimientos Actuales de Exploracion Renal.
Journal: JAMA (1922)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Pure RBC aplasia associated with chronic granulocytic leukemia
Authors: M. Kitahara
Journal: JAMA (1978)

PURE RBC aplasia is characterized by severe anemia, reticulocytopenia, and an almost complete absence of marrow erythroblasts. The bone marrow contains normally active granulopoietic and megakaryopoietic elements. Both congenital and acquired forms have been described—the latter in association with a variety of conditions and drugs.<sup>1</sup>Red blood cell aplasia has been listed as one form of metamorphosis that leads to terminal transformation in chronic granulocytic leukemia,<sup>2</sup>but to my knowledge, this rare association has not been reported in the literature. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 54-year-old woman was referred to the University of Utah Hematology Clinic in July 1973 because of splenomegaly, anemia, and leukocytosis. Physical examination showed hepatosplenomegaly. The hematocrit value was 32%; leukocyte count, 79,000/cu mm; and platelet count, 175,000/cu mm. Bone marrow examination showed myeloid hyperplasia, with a myeloid to erythroid ratio (M:E ratio) of 6:1. Leukocyte alkaline phosphatase score was 0. Philadelphia chromosome was
Therapeutic Exercise
Authors: Earl C. Elkins
Journal: JAMA (1962)

This is the second edition of a book published as part of the "Physical Medicine Library" series. The chapter on "Posture and Its Re-education" has been rewritten. Another chapter, "Gait and Gait Training," has been added. A new chapter titled "Brief Isometric Exercise" replaces Appendix I. There are no extensive changes in the new edition. The first half of the book has to do with the basic principles of therapeutic exercise. Several chapters discuss various types and uses of exercise and apparatus required. There are chapters on kinetic occupational therapy, testing of muscle strength, and other tests and measurements, such as measurement of articular movement. One chapter is devoted to the somewhat controversial subject, "proprioceptive facilitation in therapeutic exercise." The last portion of the book deals with the uses of exercise in disease entities or conditions. The new chapter on "Brief Isometric Exercise" reviews recent research on this subject. It
Conferences on the Immunobiology and Immunotherapy of Cancer
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1975)

Conferences on the Immunobiology and Immunotherapy of Cancer Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 55, Issue 3, September 1975, Page 738, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/55.3.738-d Published: 01 September 1975
Review of Experimental Carcinogenesis by Compounds Related to Vinyl Chloride
Authors: Kenneth C. Chu, Harry A. Milman
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1981)

The experimental carcinogenesis results in six compounds related to vinyl chloride are reported. Vinylidene chloride, given by inhalation, was carcinogenic in male CD-1 mice, male CD rats, Sprague-Dawley rats and male Swiss mice. Trichloroethylene, given by gavage and inhalation, was carcinogenic in the B6C3F1 mice. When given by gavage, perchloroethylene was carcinogenic in the B6C3F1 mice, and dichloroethane was carcinogenic in Osborne-Mendel rats and B6C3F1 mice. Dibromoethane, given by gavage and inhalation, was carcinogenic in B6C3F1 mice, F344 rats and Osborne-Mendel rats. Finally, epichlorohydrin was carcinogenic in male Sprague-Dawley rats and B6C3F1 mice.