tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Long-Term Chemical Carcinogenesis Experiments for Identifying Potential Human Cancer Hazards: Collective Database of the National Cancer Institute and National Toxicology Program (1976-1991)
Authors: James Huff, Joseph Haseman
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1991)

The carcinogenicity database used for this paper originated in the late 1960s by the National Cancer Institute (NCI) and since 1978 has been continued and made more comprehensive by the National Toxicology Program (NTP). The extensive files contain, among other sets of information, detailed pathology data on more than 400 long-term (most often 24-month) chemical carcinogenesis studies, comprising nearly 1600 individual experiments having at least 10 million tissue sections that have been evaluated for toxicity and carcinogenicity.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Clinical Plenary
Authors: Christine Wooddell, Keith Blomenkamp, Steven Kanner, Qili Chu, Holly Hamilton, Darren Wakefield, Lauren Almeida, Julia Hegge, Jason Klein, Vladimir Subbo- Tin, Guofeng Zhang, Ryan Peterson, Dawn Christianson, James Hamilton, Jeffrey Teckman, David Lewis, Vladimir Subbotin, Kathleen Loomes, Ellen Tsai, Lara Underkoffler, Chris- Topher Grochowski, Alexandra Falsey, Binita Kamath, Henry Lin, Kurt Hankenson, Marcella Devoto, Nancy Spinner
Journal: Hepatology (2014)

PURPOSE: Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder that causes pulmonary disease in adults and liver disease in children and adults.Wild type alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) is a 52 kDa circulating glycoprotein produced primarily in liver hepatocytes (~90% of total).The E342K substitution, known as the PiZ mutation, results in improper AAT processing and impairs its secretion by hepatocytes.Individuals homozygous for the PiZ allele (PiZZ) have very low serum concentrations of the Z mutant AAT (Z-AAT) and accumulate Z-AAT aggregates in hepatocytes.These aggregates lead to a recurrent cycle of hepatocyte injury and associated fibrosis, which over time leads to liver disease including cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.We are currently developing a RNAi-based therapeutic to reduce Z-AAT aggregates in liver, which we propose will prevent the progression and development of AATD-associated liver disease in PiZZ individuals.METHODS: A set of RNAi triggers targeting AAT was designed using bioinformatic algorithms and screened for activity in cells in culture.Highly active RNAi triggers were further modified by incorporating unlocked nucleobase analogs (UNAs).The most potent UNAs were tested in a transgenic mouse model expressing the human PiZ mutant allele.In vivo delivery was accomplished by conjugating the UNAs to cholesterol (chol-UNA) to enhance liver uptake and co-injecting each with a hepatocyte targeted and reversibly masked peptide (MLP-(CDM-NAG) designed to enhance endosomal escape.RESULTS: Intravenous injection of candidate chol-UNAs with MLP-(CDM-NAG) led to dose-dependent inhibition of serum Z-AAT of up to 98% in PiZ mice.Reduced levels of serum Z-AAT (>90%) were sustained in PiZ mice given four biweekly injections of the most potent chol-UNA with MLP-(CDM-NAG).In the livers of these mice, greatly reduced levels of soluble and Z-AAT aggregates were observed coincident with improved liver histology.As an indicator of the potency and duration of effect that might be expected in humans, a single co-injection of chol-UNA and MLP-(CDM-NAG) was performed in cynomolgus monkeys.This led to >90% KD of serum AAT with a duration of effect of greater than one month.CONCLUSION: These results demonstrate dramatic and long-lasting reduction of AAT following co-injection of chol-UNA and MLP-(CDM-NAG) in the PiZ mouse and in cynomolgus monkeys.Repeat dosing prevented and even reversed accumulation of Z-AAT aggregates in the PiZ mouse model, the cause of liver disease.This RNAi therapeutic holds great promise for the treatment of patients with AATD-associated liver disease.
Corresponding Author Address Change
Journal: JAMA (2016)

In the JAMA Diagnostic Test Interpretation entitled "Elevated Hemoglobin or Hematocrit Level," 1 published in the May 24/31, 2016, issue of JAMA, a test characteristic was incorrectly described.The sentence that read as follows: "Typically, JAK2V617F is quantitatively reported as picogram of JAK2V617F per microliter of plasma (Medicare reimbursement cost of testing, $124.87),although qualitative tests are available."should have read in the following way: "Typically, JAK2V617F is quantitatively reported as a percentage of extracted genomic DNA found to have the point mutation causing JAK2V617F (Medicare reimbursement cost of testing, $124.87),although qualitative tests are available."This article was corrected online.
The unique association between salivary gland cancer and breast cancer
Authors: J. W. Berg
Journal: JAMA (1968)

In a group of 396 patients with known cancers of the major salivary glands there were seven in whom breast cancers later developed. This represents an eightfold increase in risk beyond the statistical expectation. The probability that these patients with salivary gland cancers later had breast cancer only by chance is about 0.004%; indicating the possibility of common causal factors. We believe that it is important to alert the clinician to the observed but not yet explained significantly high risk for patients with salivary gland cancers to later have breast cancers. We hope that awareness of this risk will direct attention to careful examination of the breasts, since the detection of localized cancer increases the likelihood of cure.
Doctor-patient relationships in primary care Doctor, help! My child has cancer The parent The doctor
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Doctor-patient relationships in primary care Doctor, help! My child has cancerThe following pair of articles started with a personal view from the mother of a child who had died of neuroblastoma.In it she argued that her general practitioner, although generally supportive, should have taken more of the initiative in offering help during her child's illness.We invited her general practitioner to respond.
Abstract SY18-03: Single cells and therapy resistance in cancer
Authors: Arjun Raj
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Cancer is a disease that originates from single cells, and the treatment of cancer also is a problem of single cells: anti-cancer therapies can often kill the vast majority of tumor cells but a few rare cells remain and grow despite treatment. Often, it is thought that the underlying basis for the behavior of these rare cells is a genetic difference. However, we and others have shown that non-genetic differences may be a key driver of rare, drug resistant cells, yet the precise molecular nature of these differences often remains mysterious. We here describe the development of a cellular “time machine” that allows us to link the ultimate cellular fate to the initial cellular state on a single cell basis, thus revealing markers for pre-resistant cells in the population. Further, we use genetic screening technologies to elucidate the pathways that control the formation of these rare cells and discuss their therapeutic implications. Citation Format: Arjun Raj. Single cells and therapy resistance in cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr SY18-03.
Olympic athletes may face extra challenge—pollution
Journal: JAMA (1984)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 4718: SR-4370, a potent and selective inhibitor of class I HDACs, suppresses AR signaling and in vivo prostate tumor growth
Authors: Iqbal Mahmud, Guimei Tian, Jia Wang, Ryan Stowe, Zhiguang Huo, Yushan Zhang, Hamsa Thayek Purayil, Eric Helm, Theodore Drashansky, Dorina Avram, Yehia Daaka, William R. Roush, Daiqing Liao
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Androgen receptor (AR) is an androgen-activated transcription factor and drives prostate cancer (PCa) progression. Class I HDACs 1-3 are critical for activating AR-mediated transcription. Thus, targeting these HDACs is a promising strategy for treating PCa. Notably, along with significant adverse effects, several FDA-approved HDAC inhibitors broadly inhibiting different HDACs were ineffective for treating castration-resistant prostate cancer in clinical trials. Significantly, entinostat, an aminobenzamide analog specific to HDACs 1-3, extended overall survival for patients with breast cancer resistant to endocrine therapy. These observations suggest that HDACi selective to HDACs 1-3 may be effective for treating solid tumors including PCa. We have recently discovered the novel benzoylhydrazide class of HDAC inhibitors highly specific to HDACs 1-3. An optimized analog, SR-4370, exhibited low µM to nM potency against HDACs 1-3. SR-4370 markedly suppressed AR signaling, PCa cell proliferation in vitro, and prostate tumor growth in vivo. Gene expression profiling experiments revealed that SR-4370 downregulated AR, AR-Vs and AR target genes as well as the MYC oncogenic network. Chromatin accessibility assay using ATAC-seq showed that SR-4370 altered chromatin states in PCa cells. The chromatins with AR-binding sites became inaccessible on SR-4730 treatment, indicating that altered chromatin accessibility may contribute to the inhibition of AR signaling. Interestingly, SR-4370 sensitized C4-2 cells to enzalutamide. In PCa xenograft models, SR-4370 was effective to suppress tumor growth in vivo. Importantly, SR-4370 was well tolerated and did not cause observable adverse effects as judged by body weight and blood chemistry tests of treated mice. Our data suggest that SR-4370 may be a safe and clinically applicable treatment for advanced PCa refractory to current frontline treatments. (Supported by UFHealth Cancer Center, Florida Breast Cancer Foundation, James and Esther King Biomedical Research Program, and Bankhead-Coley Cancer Research Program, Florida Department of Health) Citation Format: Iqbal Mahmud, Guimei Tian, Jia Wang, Ryan Stowe, Zhiguang Huo, Yushan Zhang, Hamsa Thayek Purayil, Eric Helm, Theodore Drashansky, Dorina Avram, Yehia Daaka, William R. Roush, Daiqing Liao. SR-4370, a potent and selective inhibitor of class I HDACs, suppresses AR signaling and in vivo prostate tumor growth [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 4718.
LAW &amp;amp; MEDICINE
Authors: Angel a
Journal: JAMA (1973)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
AMA Statement on Physician Workforce Planning
Journal: JAMA (1994)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Causes of morbidity and mortality in severe pediatric trauma
Authors: T. Mayer
Journal: JAMA (1981)

In a two-year period, we studied 160 patients with multiple trauma (injury to at least two body areas) and graded severity of neurologic injury according to the Glasgow Coma Scale. Injuries to other body areas were categorized by the Modified Injury Severity Scale. Neurologic injury was present in nearly 80% and constituted the most severe injury in 60%. Chest (40%) and extremity (30%) injuries were next most frequently encountered. Overall mortality was 13.8%, with 11.3% disability and 74.3% of patients achieving good recovery. There was some degree of neurologic injury in all patients who died or were disabled. Among all patients with head injuries (126), mortality was 16%, vs 6% in those without head injury (34). Other deaths were caused by chest (9%) or abdominal (14.5%) injuries. (<i>JAMA</i>1981;245:719-721)
MISCELLANY.
Journal: JAMA (1897)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A Textbook of Pathology for Nurses
Journal: JAMA (1935)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Toxic shock syndrome and the vaginal contraceptive sponge
Authors: G. Faich
Journal: JAMA (1986)

Thirteen confirmed cases of toxic shock syndrome temporally related to use of the vaginal contraceptive sponge have been reported. The observed risk of toxic shock syndrome in sponge users may be elevated above estimated background rates, but this risk remains very low. Traumatic manipulation of the sponge, use during menstruation or the puerperium, and prolonged retention of the sponge may additionally increase toxic shock syndrome risk. As with all contraceptives, risks must be balanced against benefits. (<i>JAMA</i>1986;255:216-218)
TELEPATHIC DIAGNOSIS!
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Pulmonary medicine
Authors: T. L. Petty
Journal: JAMA (1990)

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has been previously described as a major challenge both to basic scientists, who try to elucidate the disease mechanisms, and clinicians, who aim to alter the course and prognosis of the fifth leading cause of death in the United States.<sup>1-3</sup>There were an estimated 75 000 deaths from COPD in 1988, but certainly COPD contributed to the cause of death in many others, perhaps as many as 150 000. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease will remain a challenge in the future because 51 million Americans continue to smoke. The prevalence of COPD, a degenerative disease, will continue to increase in our aging population. Although long-term oxygen therapy is now established as a treatment that improves survival in patients with advanced COPD and hypoxemia, two national consensus conferences have emphasized the problems inherent in prescribing and supplying oxygen for Medicare patients and in overall recommendations for
The management of sore throat: adjusting to success
Authors: P. E. Dans
Journal: JAMA (1986)

The remarkable change in the natural history of group A β-hemolytic streptococcal (GABHS) pharyngitis and its sequelae is one of the great success stories of the 20th century.<sup>1,2</sup>Some physicians are now more willing to withhold cultures or defer treatment in patients with sore throat.<sup>3,4</sup>Others still prefer immediate treatment because it alters the course of GABHS pharyngitis,<sup>5,6</sup>even though in up to 50% or more of patients they treat, GABHS is not isolated. Whether to stop treatment, if cultures are negative, is also controversial depending on the weight assigned to the possibility of false-negative cultures as well as the risks and benefits of continued treatment.<sup>7</sup>Thus, the management of sore throat, which appears so simple on its face, clearly illustrates Osler's dictum that medicine is a science of uncertainty and an art of probability.<sup>8</sup> To help physicians better manage under uncertainty, a number of
THE ST. PAUL MEETING.
Journal: JAMA (1901)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Cocaine
Authors: Sidney Cohen
Journal: JAMA (1975)

IT MAY have been rock musicians who rediscovered and reintroduced cocaine to the drug culture of the late 1960s. They serve as a pattern of prestige for millions of young people, and their songs ("cocaine, cocaine running around my brain") spread the word. The quality of the experience ("the highest high of all") is such that craving to repeat the experience can become the only reason for existence. <h3>The Cocaine Story</h3> The cocaine story began 3,000 years ago, according to Inca records found in what is now Peru and Bolivia. Coca leaves (<i>Erythroxylon coca</i>) were given by royalty as a highly valued reward for special services. It was a drug of the ruling classes. The conquistadores later discovered that coca gave the Indians the stamina to work the tin and silver mines and provided it as part of the Indians' pay. The chewing of the leaves with some lime added