tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Definitions of reflux disease and its separation from dyspepsia
Authors: J Dent
Journal: Gut (2002)

Management strategies for reflux disease are very different from those for dyspepsia and so differentiating between patients with “true” dyspepsia and those whose primary symptom is heartburn is a key step in their management. This separation has become more clear during the last decade as insights into reflux disease and dyspepsia have improved. It is likely that the use of short self administered questionnaires in routine clinical care will improve the reliability of separation of reflux induced symptoms from true dyspepsia.
Diagnostic and therapeutic technology assessment. Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for chronic myelogenous leukemia
Journal: JAMA (1990)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Assessment of British Gammaglobulin in Preventing Infectious Hepatitis
Authors: Yvonne Cossart, E Gillespie, D Jones, J Kelsey, B Moore, I Murray, Sheila Polakoff, G Turner, D Burbridge, J Coleman, R Al
Journal: BMJ (1968)

A series of 87 controlled trials of the effectiveness of British gammaglobulin in preventing infectious hepatitis in schools and other institutions showed that gammaglobulin is very effective in these circumstances. No protection was given for the first two weeks after injection, probably because it was given during the incubation period of the hepatitis. The risks of developing hepatitis in contacts was found to vary greatly. In day schools there was usually little tendency for the disease to spread among the population, but the pupils in closest contact were at greater risk. In mental hospitals and children's homes, on the other hand, the tendency for the disease to spread was more pronounced.
A NEW OPERATION FOR THE RELIEF OF DACRYOCYSTITIS THROUGH THE NASAL ROUTE
Journal: JAMA (1920)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
化脓性汗腺炎对工作损失、间接成本和收入的影响
Authors: T. Tzellos, H. Yang, F. Mu, B. Calimlim, J. Signorovitch
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2019)

化脓性汗腺炎 (HS) 是一种罕见的、长期的皮肤疾病,它能导致痛苦的皮下肿块。HS 影响本研究所在地美国的 0.1% 到 4% 的人口,并且这些症状可能会干扰日常生活和工作能力。HS 通常开始于青春期到 40 岁之间,所以很多患有 HS 的人正处于工作的黄金时期。本研究旨在了解患有 HS 的人和未患有 HS 的人相比,他们的工作生活受到了怎样的影响。作者使用保险索赔数据库寻找 18 到 64 岁之间患有 HS 和未患有 HS (对照)的雇员。研究人员发现,与没有 HS 的人相比,有 HS 的人年收入更低,缺勤天数更多,并且缺勤天数和残疾相关的成本更高。此外,新诊断出 HS 的人比未诊断出 HS 的人收入增长更慢,更有可能在确诊后 5 年内离职。综上所述,HS 会对一个人的工作生活和收入产生负面影响,这表明需要更好的治疗来帮助控制疾病症状,改善 HS 患者的生活。
Abstract MP02: Ideal Cardiovascular Health Through Young Adulthood and Brain Structure in Midlife: The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study
Authors: Michael P Bancks, Norrina Allen, Prachi Dubey, Lenore Launer, Donald Lloyd-Jones, Jared Reis, Steve Sidney, Yuichiro Yano, Pamela Schreiner
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: Cardiovascular health (CVH) status is associated with better cognitive function; however the cardiovascular profile integral in maintaining sound structural brain health is unclear. The purpose of this study was to assess CVH status in relation to brain structure. Methods: Ideal cardiovascular health, defined by the American Heart Association Life’s Simple 7, was determined on 710 men and women 18-30 years of age at enrollment (1985-1986) at CARDIA exam years 0, 7, and 25. We examined the cross-sectional association between ideal cardiovascular health, at each of the 3 exams, and brain MRI measures of normal tissue of the total brain, gray matter, white matter, and volume (cm 3 ) of abnormal tissue of white matter at exam year 25. Strata of CVH were determined according to the sum total of metrics meeting ideal criteria (0-2, 3, 4, and 5-7 total metrics meeting ideal criteria). Markov Chain Monte Carlo multiple imputation (m=10) was used to impute missing data on CVH and potential confounders. Meta-analysis multiple imputation linear and logistic regression analyses were used. Multivariable models adjusted for total intracranial volume, age, sex, race, education, study center, alcohol consumption, APOE ε allele, and use of blood pressure lowering and cholesterol lowering medication. Results: The percent of individuals with ≥ 5 ideal cardiovascular health metrics declined from exam year 0 through 25 (52% to 18%) while the percent of individuals with ≤ 2 ideal cardiovascular health metrics increased over time (4% to 33%). After adjustment, better CVH status in year 0 and year 7 was associated with roughly 10 cm 3 and 7 cm 3 greater volumes in white matter by year 25, respectively. Multivariable models are presented in the table below. Conclusion: Throughout younger adulthood, better CVH was associated with normal white matter volume in middle adulthood, but not with normal brain and gray matter volumes or abnormal white matter. Maintenance of better CVH through young adulthood may be beneficial to brain structure in midlife.
CORRESPONDENCE SCHOOLS OF MEDICINE.
Journal: JAMA (1905)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Therapy of the Cook County Hospital
Authors: Bernard Fantus
Journal: JAMA (1984)

Edited by <h3>BLOOD PRESERVATION</h3> This preliminary report on the establishment of a "blood bank" at the Cook County Hospital is perhaps justified by the interest displayed in this development, the inquiries received from various parts of the country, and the importance of the promptest and most generous exchange of experience in a new field of life-saving endeavor. That blood can be preserved for weeks in condition fit for transfusion is now a well established fact, thanks most especially to Yudin's<sup>1</sup>work on cadaver blood. There is, however, something revolting to Anglo-Saxon susceptibilities in the proposal of using cadaver blood and it is not probable, even were this not the case, that enough blood could be secured in this manner to be of great practical importance. The "blood bank" proposition, on the other hand, seems susceptible of extensive development and it is to this, most especially, that we desire to
Harvey's Views Gain Acceptance
Journal: JAMA (1987)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Correction: Bone density in women receiving depot medroxyprogesterone acetate for contraception
Journal: BMJ (1991)

TABLE I-Comparisons offixed minidose warfarin and control groups.Except where stated otherwise figures are numbers (percentages) of patients Fixed minidose warfarin group Control group (n=74) (n=74) Mean age (years) (range) 68 (41-86) 67 (38-86) Men 56 (75-7) 48 (64-9) Women 18(24-3) 26(35-1) Mean obesity score* 3 3 Type of arthroplasty: Uncemented 10 (13-5) 11(14-9) Cemented 64(86 5) 63(85-1) Mean operation time (min) 96 98 Diagnosis: Osteoarthritis 73 (98-6) 69 (93 2) Rheumatoid arthritis 1(1.4) 5 (6 8) Varicose veins 18 (24-3) 14(18-9) Surgical approach: Posterior 39 (52-7) 31 (41-9) Direct or anterolateral 35 (47-3) 43 (58 1) *Calculated with weight and height tables: underweight= 1; acceptable weight=2; overweight=3; obese=4.
Pheochromocytoma diagnosed by liver scan
Authors: J. B. Gillick
Journal: JAMA (1966)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> The liver scan is attaining an increasing clinical usefulness as investigators gain more experience with the indications and interpretation of this test. In most instances, results of other liver function tests are abnormal when the liver scan demonstrates discrete or diffuse hepatic lesions.<sup>1</sup>In this case, the liver scan demonstrated a nonhepatic tumor and was the only criterion which led to a decision to perform laparotomy. The lesion, in fact, was a large asymptomatic pheochromocytoma, which revealed its presence by way of its unusual alteration of liver anatomy. <h3>Report of a Case:—</h3> A 68-year-old retired records clerk came to the Portland Veterans Administration Hospital because of a 25-lb weight loss in the preceding six months. His illness began three months before admission when a dull left-upper-quadrant abdominal pain which was constant and radiated to his left flank suddenly developed. Ten days later he noticed blood in
The Relationship Between Specific RET Proto-oncogene Mutations and Disease Phenotype in Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2
Authors: Charis Eng
Journal: JAMA (1996)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 (MEN 2) is an autosomal dominant disorder. The 3 recognized subtypes include MEN 2A, characterized by medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), pheochromocytoma (pheo), and hyperparathyroidism (HPT); MEN 2B, by MTC, pheo, and characteristic stigmata; and familial MTC (FMTC), by the presence of MTC only. The purpose of this study was to establish the relationship between specific mutations and the presence of certain disease features in MEN 2 which could help in clinical decision making. <h3>Design.</h3> —Correlative survey study of 477 MEN 2 families. <h3>Setting.</h3> —Eighteen tertiary referral centers worldwide. <h3>Patients.</h3> —A total of 477 independent MEN 2 families. <h3>Main Outcome Measures.</h3> —Association between the position and type of germline mutation in the RET proto-oncogene and the presence or absence of MTC, pheo, HPT, and/or other features in a family. <h3>Results.</h3> —There is a statistically significant association between the presence of any mutation at a specific position (codon 634) and the presence of pheo and HPT. The presence of a specific mutation, CGC at codon 634, has yet to be associated with FMTC. Conversely, mutations at codons 768 and 804 are thus far seen only with FMTC, while codon 918 mutation is MEN 2B-specific. Rare families with both MEN 2 and Hirschsprung disease were found to have MEN 2-specific codon mutations. Patients with Hirschsprung disease presenting with such mutations should be monitored for the possible development of MEN 2 tumors. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —This consortium analysis suggests that genotype-phenotype correlations do exist and, if made reliably absolute, could prove useful in the future in clinical management with respect to screening, surveillance, and prophylaxis, as well as provide insight into the genetic effects of particular mutations.
Carbromal
Authors: G. F. Newbold
Journal: BMJ (1955)

During the past two decades, impressive technological innovations have been introduced in the field of hemodialysis. This review analyzes whether these have been translated into better patient survival. The potential impacts of an increase in dialysis dosage, the preference of high-flux <i>versus</i> low-flux membranes, the choice between convection and diffusion as dialysis strategy, the chemical composition and biologic purity of dialysate, the effect of sodium, potassium, volume profiling, and the intradialytic volume monitoring aiming at improving hemodynamic stability are explored. Studies in which the dialysis dosage was increased were not associated with increased patient survival, whereas the superiority of high-flux over low-flux membranes is not convincingly demonstrated. Although strict evidence is lacking, observational data suggest an advantage of convective over pure diffusive strategies. Longer duration of the dialysis sessions and/or higher frequency of dialysis is probably beneficial, but the results of powerful randomized, controlled trials should be awaited. Sodium profiling has more disadvantages than advantages, whereas potassium profiling mainly in arrhythmia-prone patients with ventricular hypertrophy should be considered. Intradialytic blood volume monitoring has reduced intradialytic hypotension episodes, but hard evidence for improving patient survival is lacking. Overall, the major technological advances in dialysis have not yet been translated into longer patient survival. Optimal predialysis care in preventing the cardiovascular damage that accumulates before the start of dialysis and timely creation of an arteriovenous fistula as vascular access is a more effective and more economic strategy in the long-term outcome of the dialysis patient.
Evaluation of a muscle relaxant: dantrolene sodium (Dantrium)
Authors: M. H. Dykes
Journal: JAMA (1975)

Dantrolene sodium (Dantrium) is a skeletal muscle relaxant, unique in that it acts on the muscle itself. It should be considered for use in patients with skeletal muscle spasticity who are in a stable neurological state. After careful adjustment of the dose, a substantial number of such patients will experience one or more of the following benefits: (1) a reduction in pain, (2) an increased ability to make use of residual motor function, (3) a reduction in the level of nursing care required, (4) an increased ability to utilize devices, and (5) an increased ability to participate in rehabilitation. The drug should not be used when reduced spasticity will decrease functional ability. The adverse effects generally are transient; some are the result of central nervous system depression. (<i>JAMA</i>231:862-864, 1975)
Mood Disorders
Authors: J. Alexander Bodkin
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Major depression during medical training
Authors: M. Zoccolillo
Journal: JAMA (1988)

The article by Clark and Zeldow<sup>1</sup>demonstrates the burden of depression during medical school. The authors used the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), a self-report depression scale, and found at least 12% of the class with self-reported depression at any assessment during the first three years. As the authors note, the relationship between elevated BDI scores and the psychiatric diagnosis of major depression is an imperfect one. The distinction between a high score on the BDI and a diagnosis of major depression (a syndrome consisting of persistent depressed mood or loss of interest and several symptoms such as sleep or appetite disturbance, fatigue, trouble concentrating, and suicidal thoughts or attempts)<sup>2</sup>is important, as major depression is associated with high morbidity and suicide; the clinical significance of elevated BDI scores, in the absence of a major depression, is unknown. In a study in which first- and second-year medical students were
Are glycoprotein IIb/IIIa antagonists cost-effective in acute coronary syndromes: Potential impact of tirofiban in the United Kingdom Ameet Bakhai, Marcus Flather, Julian Collinson, Warren Stevens, Charles Normand, Brian Ward, Rami Ben-Joseph. Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom, Merck and Co., INc., Whitehouse Station, NJ
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Accuracy of fecal occult blood screening for colorectal neoplasia. A prospective study using Hemoccult and HemoQuant tests
Authors: D. A. Ahlquist
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<h3>Objectives.</h3> —To define the validity of fecal blood as a marker for colorectal neoplasia in the screening setting and to compare yields by Hemoccult and HemoQuant fecal occult blood screening tests. <h3>Design.</h3> —A multicenter masked comparison of fecal blood test results against structural colorectal evaluations and longitudinal follow-up, serving as criterion standards, in nonreferred subjects at risk for colorectal neoplasia. <h3>Setting.</h3> —Communities, primary care centers, referral centers. <h3>Participants.</h3> —Two groups: (1) 1217 patients aged at least 18 years undergoing routine structural surveillance evaluations following curative resection of a colorectal tumor and (2) 12312 relatives of colorectal cancer patients aged at least 50 years. <h3>Interventions.</h3> —Blinded Hemoccult II and HemoQuant testing on three mailedin stool samples per subject. <h3>Main Outcome Measure.</h3> —Sensitivity of fecal blood tests for colorectal neoplasia. <h3>Results.</h3> —In the postresection group, surveillance evaluations revealed 46 malignant colorectal neoplasms and 402 polyps. At matched specificity, sensitivity of either test for cancer was 26% (95% confidence interval, 13% to 39%). Hemoccult was positive in 21% of intraluminal recurrences, 33% of all new primary tumors, and 29% of Dukes A or B cancers; HemoQuant was elevated in 24%, 28%, and 29%, respectively. Sensitivity for polyps 1.0 cm or larger was 13% by Hemoccult and 11% by HemoQuant. In the group of relatives, estimated sensitivity for cancer at 1 to 3 years of follow-up was 25% to 33% by Hemoccult, not significantly different from the 29% to 43% by HemoQuant. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —Based on our observations in the screening setting, fecal blood appears to be a poor marker for colorectal neoplasia. Most cancers and the vast majority of polyps will be missed. Hemoccult and HemoQuant are similarly insensitive. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1993;269:1262-1267)
Incorrect Reference
Authors: Ellen Friedman
Journal: JAMA (2016)

In Reply Ms Sulmasy and Dr Horwitch are correct that the first citation in the A Piece of My Mind article was incorrect.As the statement in question concerned improvements in office productivity with the use of email by physicians, the citation should have been to the informational document by the Center for Practice Improvement and Innovation entitled "Communicating With Patients Electronically (Via Telephone, Email, and Websites)." 1 The article has been corrected online.Neither this guideline nor the ACP policy paper on online medical professionalism 2 specifically condone using email to deliver worrisome information.The cited articles emphasize a number of positive aspects of the role of electronic communication, and as Sulmasy and Horwitch state, neither address the disclosure of difficult news.The point of my article was simply to illustrate a downside of email communication: the distress patients might experience when they receive emails with bad or ambiguous news.Although there are potential efficiencies that email communication with patients can add, it is also important to include consideration of the potential effect on the recipient (the patient).