tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Haemolytic uraemic syndrome and E coli O157
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Reducing cholesterol and blood pressure, as well as smoking cessation, have been shown to be effective strategies for preventing cardiovascular diseases. 13][4] Additional factors may have a role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, and new preventive strategies may be of use.In this article we briefly review the use of antioxidants, the use of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, and homocysteine lowering; other "emerging" cardiovascular risk factors and potential preventive strategies that are under investigation are summarised in table 1.
PLoS Medicine Issue Image | Vol. 5(10) October 2008
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2008)

The US maps from a recent PLoS Medicine research article (Ezzati, et al. e66) show not election returns, but disparities in life expectancy. In this month's Editorial (e208), the PLoS Medicine Editors argue that fixing injustices in the US health care system will require actively prioritizing health over financial gain. Image Credit: Figure S2 in Ezzati M, Friedman AB, Kulkarni SC, Murray CJL (2008) The Reversal of Fortunes: Trends in County Mortality and Cross-County Mortality Disparities in the United States. PLoS Med 5(4): e66
Renal transplantation in congenital and metabolic diseases. A report from the ASC/NIH renal transplant registry
Journal: JAMA (1975)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Various Effects of Arsenic in Japan Depending on Type of Exposure
Authors: Kenzaburo Tsuchiya
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1977)

Since 1955, a number of outbreaks of arsenic poisoning have occurred throughout Japan among industrial workers and the general population. The sources and types of exposure differ according to the incident, and the victims vary in sex and age. These incidents include arsenic poisoning in milk, soy sauce, and well water, pollution originating from the Toroku Mine on the island of Kyushu, the Matsuo Mine in Shimane Prefecture and Saganoseki Smelter on Kyushu. The type, routes, and dose of exposure as well as major symptoms are given. The clinical signs and symptoms are discussed in relation to the various types of exposure which occurred in these incidents. Dose-response relationships will be considered where data are available.
A 17-gene genomic prostate score (GPS) as a predictor of biochemical (BCR) and clinical recurrence (CR) in men with surgically treated intermediate- and high-risk prostate cancer (PCa).
Authors: Eric A. Klein, Timothy Brand, Inger L. Rosner, Nan Zhang, Michael Crager, Tara Maddala, Phillip G. Febbo, Shibu Thomas, Michael Gormley, Deborah S. Ricci, Sara Moscovita Falzarano, Cristina Magi-Galluzzi, Jennifer Cullen, Isabell Sesterhenn, H. Jeffrey Lawrence
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

5049 Background: The biopsy-based GPS (scale 0-100) is validated as a predictor of adverse pathology in men with low- and intermediate-risk PCa. We examined the association of GPS with BCR and CR in higher risk disease. Methods: We performed exploratory analyses in a prior development study of radical prostatectomies (RP) from 441 men with AUA low-, intermediate-, and high-risk PCa, using a cohort sampling design (Klein et al. Eur Urol 2015). Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were employed with the cohort sampling weights. Since these data were used to select genes and coefficients for GPS, hazard ratios (HR) and other estimates based on GPS were corrected for regression to the mean (RM), and Storey’s method was used to control the false discovery rate (FDR). These analyses were confirmed in biopsies from an independent cohort (Cullen et al. Eur Urol 2015) of 139 RP-treated intermediate-risk men. Results: All estimates are RM-corrected. Broad overlapping ranges of GPS values were seen across all 3 risk groups. GPS was strongly associated with BCR (HR 1.6/20 GPS units, p<0.001, FDR q-value <0.1%) and CR (HR 2.8/20 units, p<0.001; FDR q-value <0.1%), after adjusting for risk group. Intermediate-risk men with GPS >40 (41% of all intermediate-risk men) had estimated 3-yr BCR risk and 10-yr CR risk similar to high-risk men (Table). High-risk patients with GPS ≤40, (63% of all high-risk men) had 3-yr BCR risk and 10-yr CR risk similar to intermediate-risk men. High-risk men with GPS >40 had 3-yr BCR risk of almost 50% and 10-yr CR risk of 35%. In the second cohort, intermediate risk men with GPS ≤40 (61% of the cohort) had a 3-yr BCR risk of 8% while men with GPS >40 had a risk of 27%. Conclusions: GPS appears to provide improved risk stratification for BCR and CR in men with AUA intermediate- and high-risk PCa for whom there is an unmet need to inform decisions regarding adjuvant therapy. RM-corrected 3-year BCR and 10-yr CR risk for intermediate- and high-risk men. GPS Group Intermediate risk High risk Percentage of Men BCR Risk CR Risk Percentage of Men BCR Risk CR Risk GPS ≤40 59 16% 5% 63 24% 8% GPS >40 41 34% 17% 37 48% 35% All 100 23% 10% 100 33% 18%
A phase II trial of salvage treatment with gemcitabine and S-1 combination in heavily pretreated patients with metastatic colorectal cancer.
Authors: Sun Jin Sym, Junshik Hong, Hee Kyung Ahn, Jinny Park, Eun Kyung Cho, Jae Hoon Lee, Won-Suk Lee, Jeong-Heum Baek, Yeon Ho Park, Dong Bok Shin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

3595 Background: We conducted a phase II trial of gemcitabine with S-1 to evaluate the activity and toxicity of such a combination in heavily pre-treated patients (pts) with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) who have progressed after treatment with fluoropyrimidines-, oxaliplatin- and irinotecan-containing regimens. Methods: 36 pts were enrolled, with the following characteristics: 19 females (53%), median age 57 (28-72), 30 EOGO PS 0-1 (83%). S-1 was given orally (30 mg/m 2 ) b.i.d for 14 consecutive days and gemcitabine (1000 mg/m 2 ) was given on days 1 and 8, every 21 days, until disease progression and for a maximum of 9 cycles. The primary endpoint was objective response rate (ORR). Results: The median number of cycles was 5 (range 1-9), ORR was 16.7% (95% confidence interval [CI] 4.5-28.9%) and disease control rate was 61.1% (95% CI 45.2-77.0%) with 6 partial responses and 16 stable diseases. Median duration of disease control was 5.8 months (95% CI 4.1-7.5 months). Median progression-free survival was 3.7 months (95% CI 2.2-5.2 months) and median overall survival was 10.0 months (95% CI 7.4-12.7 months). Grade 3-4 toxicities were rare (neutropenia 12%, anemia 11%, leucopenia 6%, thrombocytopenia 3% and diarrhea 3%). Conclusions: Combination chemotherapy with gemcitabine and S-1 was a convenient, well tolerated and efficacious for heavily pre-treated pts with mCRC. This regimen warrants further evaluation in pts with good PS but no further treatment options.
Leadership: A Manual on Conduct and Administration.
Journal: JAMA (1927)

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Education of the family physician
Authors: G. T. Harrell
Journal: JAMA (1968)

The opening of a new four-year medical school offers an unusual opportunity to develop a fresh approach to the educational program for the medical student. The recent emphasis on improving the delivery of medical care to the public makes it particularly appropriate to examine the role of the family physician. If his role can be clearly defined, the educational and training program necessary to prepare him and to keep him abreast of new developments can be devised. <h3>Educational Base</h3> The education of the practitioner and of the health scientist is concerned with the study of living things. The study of living things is the study of biology, but in medicine we are concerned chiefly with one species, the human being. The thread which can run throughout the educational sequence from the preprofessional through the professional and practice years is that of human biology. In the study of biology, the natural
A CASE OF ABDOMINAL PREGNANCY AT FULL TERM
Journal: JAMA (1921)

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Incorrect Data in the Statistical Methods Section
Authors: Rob Kok, Charles Reynolds
Journal: JAMA (2017)

In Reply We agree with Dr Gitlin and Mr Aravena concerning the importance of placing late-life depression within a psychosocial context.We mentioned in our review that "recent life events, coping with functional impairment, or having a lack of social contacts are examples of psychosocial factors that are frequent contributors to depression among older adults and should be addressed as part of treatment planning."Treating depression in older adults with antidepressants should be combined with addressing these contributors, as, for example, with the Get Busy, Get Better intervention.Combining antidepressants with psychotherapy may be more effective than either treatment alone and patients find combined treatment more acceptable.We agree that behavioral and psychotherapeutic approaches have a strong evidence base to support their efficacy and utility; unfortunately, the evidence base for combining psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy is not as strong.A recent meta-analysis found only 4 studies in which the combination of psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy was compared with pharmacotherapy alone. 1 The difference was not significant (g = 0.41; 95% CI, -0.05 to 0.88) but may be the result of the small number of studies.Only 1 study was found in which combined treatment was compared with psychotherapy only, with combined treatment resulting in greater improvement, although differences were small. 2Even if no obvious psychosocial factors can be found that contribute to depression, antidepressants should be combined with psychoeducation and brief psychosocial interventions.We recommended in our review that psychotherapy should be an initial treatment choice for patients with mild to moderate depression.We wish that psychotherapy was more widely available.The wide availability of antidepressants and the challenge to find a psychotherapist with experience with older adults are not acceptable reasons for using psychotherapy less often than antidepressants.With increasing integration of and improving reimbursement for behavioral health care in primary care medicine, we hope to see greater use of behavioral and psychotherapeutic approaches.
Complications Associated with Prednisolone Therapy in Chronic Hepatitis and Liver Cirrhosis
Journal: JAMA (1963)

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Rural reformers eye 'managed cooperation'
Authors: P. Cotton
Journal: JAMA (1993)

FLEXIBILITY will be the key to making health care reform work in and for rural America. That is the consensus of Clinton administration officials and experts on the "managed competition" model of reform that the President favors, who spoke at a "Health Care Reform in Rural Areas" conference in Little Rock, Ark. Paul Ellwood, MD, president of the Jackson Hole (Wyo) Group that devised the managed-competition model, says the term is a "misnomer in many if not all rural areas. Competition is not always feasible, and in fact can be very wasteful in many rural as well as urban areas." "Managed cooperation" is a more apt description of what is needed where a lack of access to health care is often more of a problem than health care cost, says Ellwood. In such areas, the Health Insurance Purchasing Cooperatives (HIPCs) envisioned under managed competition would "have to behave more like
THE PLASMA CELL
Journal: JAMA (1962)

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Bioastronautics—Human Travel To the Moon and Beyond
Journal: JAMA (1962)

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Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for children with acute myeloid leukemia—results of the AML SCT-BFM 2007 trial
Authors: Martin G. Sauer, Peter J. Lang, Michael H. Albert, Peter Bader, Ursula Creutzig, Matthias Eyrich, Johann Greil, Bernd Gruhn, Wolfgang Holter, Thomas Klingebiel, Bernhard Kremens, Heiko von der Leyen, Christine Mauz-Körholz, Roland Meisel, Kirsten Mischke, Ingo Müller, Charlotte M. Niemeyer, Christina Peters, Christine Pohler, Dirk Reinhardt, Birgit Burkhardt, Paul G. Schlegel, Ansgar S. Schulz, Johanna Schrum, Petr Sedlacek, Brigitte Strahm, Wilhelm Woessmann, Rupert Handgretinger, Martin Zimmermann, Arndt Borkhardt
Journal: Leukemia (2019)
Autonomy
Journal: JAMA (2000)

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Once Upon a Time
Authors: Leonard J. Hoenig, Walter H. C. Burgdorf
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2014)

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Annual Review: Glaucoma
Journal: JAMA (1963)

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Authors' reply
Authors: J. P. Crofts, I. Abubakar
Journal: Thorax (2011)

However, the principal finding remains: while we agree that the presence of airway eosinophilia is a reliable predictor of steroid responsiveness, the absence of eosinophilia does not accurately predict steroid unresponsiveness.Whether intentionally or not, these authors imply that only patients with demonstrable sputum eosinophilia are steroid responsive.This is not the case.