tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A PLEA FOR BREVITY IN MEDICAL WRITING.
Journal: JAMA (1994)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
ADRENOCORTICAL STEROIDS
Authors: C. L. Cope
Journal: BMJ (1954)

<b>Objective:</b> Primary progressive aphasia (PPA) results from an asymmetric degeneration of the language dominant (usually left) hemisphere and can be associated with the pathology of Alzheimer disease (AD) or frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD). This study aimed to investigate whether the anatomic distribution of TDP-43 inclusions displayed a corresponding leftward asymmetry in a patient with PPA with a mutation in the progranulin gene and FTLD pathology. <b>Methods:</b> Brain tissue from a 65-year-old patient with PPA and progranulin mutation was analyzed using immunohistochemical methods for TDP-43. Analysis was performed in the superior temporal gyrus, inferior temporal gyrus, inferior parietal lobule, orbitofrontal cortex, entorhinal cortex, and dentate gyrus. Neuronal intranuclear inclusions, neuronal cytoplasmic inclusions, and dystrophic neurites were quantified using modified stereologic analysis. Analysis of variance was used to determine significant effects. <b>Results:</b> All 3 types of inclusions predominated on the left side of analyzed cortical regions. They were also more frequent in language areas than in memory-related areas. <b>Conclusion:</b> These results demonstrate a phenotypically concordant distribution of abnormal TDP-43 inclusions in primary progressive aphasia (PPA). This contrasts with PPA cases with Alzheimer pathology where no consistent leftward asymmetry of neurofibrillary degeneration or amyloid deposition has been demonstrated despite the leftward asymmetry of the atrophy, and where neurofibrillary tangles show a greater density in memory than language areas despite the predominantly aphasic phenotype. This case suggests that the TDP-43 inclusions in PPA–frontotemporal lobar degeneration are more tightly linked to neuronal death and dysfunction than neurofibrillary and amyloid deposits in PPA–Alzheimer disease.
The Medical News Visiting List. 1902.
Journal: JAMA (1901)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Reperfusion damage to the bile canaliculi in transplanted human liver
Authors: J Cutrin
Journal: Hepatology (1996)

In 19 patients who have undergone orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT), the trend and degree of cholestasis was statistically monitored in terms of plasma levels of L-gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) and total bilirubin. In addition, the ultrastructure of the bile canaliculus was examined during the entire OLT procedure, i.e., during explantation, cold ischemia, and after 60 to 90 minutes of organ reperfusion. Cholestasis was evident from the second day after surgery, with a peak after approximately 10 to 16 days. Defined, small changes in the functional state of actin filaments were noted in the bile canalicular area after prolonged ischemia. But the morphological status of the bile canaliculi changed dramatically after reperfusion. In fact, the mean area and perimeter of the canaliculi had increased significantly, and there was a marked loss in the number of bile microvilli per unit of canalicular area. The bile canaliculus appears to be one of the liver structures most susceptible to ischemia- reperfusion damage. A series of biochemical changes occurring during ischemia and after reoxygenation of the transplanted liver, especially, would provide a reason for the observed early morphological damage of the bile canaliculus, which, in turn, would explain the cholestasis of these patients in the first posttransplantation period.
The Quality of Quality-of-Life Measurements
Authors: Betty C. Jung
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —The article by Drs Gill and Feinstein<sup>1</sup>and the Commentary by Drs Guyatt and Cook<sup>2</sup>concerning the relevance of qualitative assessments as appropriate outcome measures are timely. In a metaphorical sense it is like a psychiatrist trying to determine whether a patient is clinically depressed by asking how he or she feels and then deciding whether the answer reflects the patient's affect or mood or, possibly, both. Second, medicine as an art may derive some useful direction in planning the overall medical management of a patient from well-defined quality-of-life measures, but for medicine as a science, such measures are not rigorous enough. Qualitative measures, or functional measures based on subjective situational evaluations, are too variable to be used in comparative efficacy studies. This is not to discount the value of including a patient's outlook on life when determining which treatment is most suitable, given treatment
Medicine in Burma.
Authors: G. R. McRobert, J. H. Middlemiss, H. Constable
Journal: BMJ (1967)

<b>SUMMARY:</b> The high rate of normal diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in patients with transient ischemic attack (TIA) raises the question as to its sensitivity for detecting small ischemic lesions. We compared standard and optimized DWI in 36 consecutive patients with TIA. Optimized DWI was positive in more patients than standard DWI (19 versus 16; <i>P</i> &lt; .001) and showed more lesions (56 versus 42; <i>P</i> = .002). At 1.5T, optimizing DWI decreases the rate of false-negative DWI in patients with TIA.
Making optimum use of the microbiology laboratory. I. Use of the laboratory
Authors: R. C. Bartlett
Journal: JAMA (1982)

UNIQUE pitfalls may be encountered by the physician in making optimum use of the microbiology laboratory. A request for a "culture" is nonspecific compared with a request for a blood glucose determination. The request for a culture is an implied request to search for "anything in the specimen that could contribute to the diagnosis and treatment of an infectious disease." Physicians usually do not know exactly how this request will be construed by laboratory personnel. What would happen if blood were submitted to the chemistry laboratory with a comparable request for "chemical abnormalities" that might suggest the presence of disease? What microorganisms will the laboratory seek in a specimen submitted for "culture"? Will a Gram-stained direct smear be performed, and if so, will the results of this examination be reported? The request for culture usually leads to a search for bacteria that would commonly be expected at the site represented.
Parosteal Sarcoma
Authors: Herman C. March
Journal: JAMA (1968)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> The report of a case by McNamara et al (<b>205</b>:535, 1968) of late pulmonary metastasis 17 years and 33 years after amputation for osteogenic sarcoma was interesting but perhaps should have some clarification. There is a special type of osteogenic sarcoma that is slow-growing and of low-grade malignancy, which is more common in females, and the most frequent site is the lower end of the femur, presenting posteriorly as an extraosseous mass. This was described by Geschickter and Copeland (<i>Ann Surg</i><b>133</b>:790-806, 1951) as a new entity which they called parosteal osteoma. It is also known as parosteal sarcoma and juxtacortical osteogenic sarcoma. From the site of the primary tumor and the subsequent course of McNamara's patient, it seems reasonable to assume that what was in 1933 reported as osteogenic sarcoma would now be called parosteal sarcoma. The slow development and late appearance of the metastases
Carotid endarterectomy. When and why
Authors: L. L. Levy
Journal: JAMA (1991)

Many factors influence cerebral circulation in addition to carotid blood flow. The brain accounts for less than 2% of body weight but consumes 20% of the total circulation. Cerebral blood is not transported passively. Rather, complex control systems in the brain vasculature maintain almost constant total cerebral blood flow within a wide range of levels of systemic blood pressure and distribute circulation within the brain unevenly according to local metabolic needs. Signals that originate in pressure sensors in supply arteries initiate changes in systemic blood pressure and adjust resistance in cranial vasculature. These reflexes modify the direction of flow in extracranial arteries. Collateral channels bridge internal to external carotid and vertebral systems. Intracranial arteries link hemispheres, connect carotid and basilar artery territories, and—on the brain surface—join branches of middle cerebral, anterior cerebral, and posterior cerebral arteries. Within these vascular territories, blood flow is coupled to local brain metabolism. Parenchymal arteriolar
Propranolol's antimigraine action long term for some
Journal: JAMA (1982)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
PLoS Medicine Issue Image | Vol. 5(5) May 2008
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2008)

"Today's health reporters may have been covering crime last week and politics the week before," points out this month's PLoS Medicine editorial, which discusses the current state of health news reporting and the steps that can be taken to improve it. One initiative to monitor the quality of health reporting is HealthNewsReview.org, launched two years ago. In a Health in Action paper (Schwitzer, e95) published in this month's issue of PLoS Medicine, the publisher of HealthNewsReview.org, Gary Schwitzer, reports on the project's findings after the evaluation of 500 health news stories. And an essay (Moynihan et al., e106), also linked to the editorial, looks at how disease mongering—the corporate creation of new diseases in order to sell treatments—has become part of the global health debate. Image Credit: Giovanni Maki, originally published as Figure 2 in Schwitzer G, Mudur G, Henry D, Wilson A, Goozner M, et al. (2005) What Are the Roles and Responsibilities of the Media in Disseminating Health Information? PLoS Med 2(7): e215 doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.0020215
Nearest Neighbor Affects G:C to A:T Transitions Induced by Alkylating Agents
Authors: Barry W. Glickman, Michael J. Horsfall, Alasdair J. E. Gordon, Philip A. Burns
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1987)

The influence of local DNA sequence on the distribution of G:C to A:T transitions induced in the lacI gene of E. coli by a series of alkylating agents has been analyzed. In the case of nitrosoguanidine, two nitrosoureas and a nitrosamine, a strong preference for mutation at sites proceeded 5' by a purine base was noted. This preference was observed with both methyl and ethyl donors where the predicted common ultimate alkylating species is the alkyl diazonium ion. In contrast, this preference was not seen following treatment with ethylmethanesulfonate. The observed preference for 5'PuG-3' site over 5'-PyG-3' sites corresponds well with alterations observed in the Ha-ras oncogene recovered after treatment with NMU. This indicates that the mutations recovered in the oncogenes are likely the direct consequence of the alkylation treatment and that the local sequence effects seen in E. coli also appear to occur in mammalian cells.
Addition of Prevalence of Cigarette Smoking as a Nationally Notifiable Condition—June 1996
Journal: JAMA (1996)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Pilot study of ribavirin and interferon-β for chronic hepatitis B
Authors: S Kakumu
Journal: Hepatology (1993)

Ribavirin is a nucleoside analog that inhibits the replication of many DNA and RNA viruses. To evaluate the efficacy of oral ribavirin, we randomly assigned 24 HBeAg-positive patients with chronic active hepatitis to a 12-wk course of treatment with 0.8 to 1.0 gm/ribavirin day, 3 mU interferon-β three times a week intravenously or a combination of those drugs. Ribavirin, alone and in combination with interferon-β, decreased hepatitis B virus levels in most patients, and mean serum hepatitis B virus DNA and DNA polymerase levels at the end of treatment were approximately half of baseline levels (p < 0.05). Interferon alone exerted the most inhibitory effect on hepatitis B virus activity (p < 0.01). During ribavirin treatment, changes in serum aminotransferase values varied considerably and the mean values did not change significantly, although interferon alone and the combination of interferon and ribavirin were associated with significant reductions in serum aminotransferase activities. Ribavirin was well tolerated, but we transiently reduced the dosage in two cases because of mild hemolytic anemia, although all patients completed the treatment schedule. The combination of interferon and ribavirin did not appear to result in greater toxicity. During the follow-up period (6 to 9 mo), HBeAg and hepatitis B virus DNA disappeared in one patient treated with ribavirin, in two treated with interferon and in two given the combination. These results indicate that ribavirin suppresses hepatitis B virus replication, although its effect is less than that of interferon, and that it may be useful as adjunctive therapy for chronic hepatitis B. Simultaneous administration of ribavirin and interferon does not appear to potentiate the beneficial effect and may even inhibit the effect of interferon. (HEPATOLOGY 1993;18:258–263).
Malaria. Potential importance to civilian physicians
Authors: B. E. Waterhouse
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Malaria develops in a significant number of servicemen who return from Vietnam. One hundred consecutive cases seen in a three-month period at Darnall Army Hospital, Fort Hood, Tex, are reported. One fourth to one half of such patients experience symptoms while on leave in a civilian community. Illness in the typical patient has its onset within two months following the return from Vietnam and is characterized by the sudden development of fever, chills, headaches, and myalgia. Splenomegaly, when present, is usually of only moderate degree and may represent the only significant abnormality on physical examination. Diagnosis is made by demonstrating the malaria parasites in peripheral blood smears. The most common species in this study was<i>Plasmodium vivax</i>(83%). Correct treatment depends on species identification and is effective. The incidence of malaria in Vietnam returnees represents a significant medical problem for civilian physicians.
Cushing's Disease and Basophilic Microadenomas
Authors: William H. Daughaday
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1984)

An editorial appearing six years ago in the Journal 1 pointed out the unresolved controversy between those who considered Cushing's disease to be the result of a primary neoplastic change of the pituitary corticotrope cells and those who believed that the primary disease lay within the hypothalamus and that pituitary corticotrope tumors resulted from chronic overstimulation of corticotrope cells. Physicians belonging to the first camp favored transsphenoidal microsurgery with removal of what was considered the primary cause of the condition. Physicians of the second camp sought medications that would restore hypothalamic function. In a minority of cases cyproheptadine seemed to achieve . . .
Individualizing Therapy
Authors: Michael H. Alderman
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1994)

Letters15 January 1994Individualizing TherapyMichael H. Alderman, MDMichael H. Alderman, MDAlbert Einstein College of Medicine; Bronx, NY 10461Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-120-2-199401150-00030 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:Dr. Gerber has raised an important issue. Patient preconceptions and physician presentations are the context in which therapeutic decisions are made. Far too little is known about the processes that inform these phenomena. Although I no longer practice personal encounter medicine, I believe that it is incumbent on the physician, when contemplating preventive interventions, to know the actual probabilities (in each direction) associated with the available choices and to present this information meaningfully to the patient.Dr. Gerber has cited a recent Annals article that identifies the medical care issue I have attempted to address [1]. It seems ...REFERENCE1. Brown EY, Viscoli CM, Horowitz RI. Preventive health strategies and the policy makers' paradox. Ann Intern Med. 1992; 116:593-7. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Bronx, NY 10461 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 January 1994Volume 120, Issue 2Page: 170-171KeywordsMedical risk factorsPreventive medicineRisk assessments ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 January 1994 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1994 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
The Lumleian Lectures on the Muscular Arterioles: Their Structure and Function in Health and in Certain Morbid States
Authors: G. Johnson
Journal: BMJ (1877)

Walls.2. Cffrebral Hemorrhage. 3. Reduplication of the First Sound of the Heart: its Cause aned its Practical Significance.I HAVE already referred to the hypertrophy of the left ventricle as an intelligible physiological result of the more forcible muscular effort required to propel the blood through the resisting arterioles.During the progress of the cardio-vascular changes, it happens not unfre- quently that the walls of the large arteries undergo more or less of structural change.They become thickened and indurated, and, as a
Incorrect Author
Journal: JAMA (1989)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal