tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Management of heart failure. I. Pharmacologic treatment
Authors: D. W. Baker
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —This review of the pharmacologic treatment of heart failure due to left ventricular systolic dysfunction summarizes the recommendations of the expert panel for the Agency for Health Care Policy and Research Heart Failure Guideline. It provides specific advice to help guide practitioners through clinical decision making. <h3>Data Sources.</h3> —Data were obtained from English-language studies and referenced in MEDLINE or EMBASE between 1966 and 1993. We used the search terms<i>heart failure, congestive; congestive heart failure; heart failure; cardiac failure</i>; and<i>dilated cardiomyopathy</i>in conjunction with terms for the specific treatments. Where data were lacking, we relied on opinions of panel members and peer reviewers. <h3>Study Selection.</h3> —Only large prospective trials were used to estimate treatment efficacy. Smaller trials, case series, and case reports were reviewed for the incidence of adverse effects. <h3>Data Extraction and Synthesis.</h3> —Randomized clinical trials were reviewed for inclusion and exclusion criteria, patient outcomes, adverse effects, and eight categories of study quality using a defined list of study flaws. <h3>Conclusion.</h3> —Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors should be given to all patients unless specific contraindications exist. Diuretics should be used judiciously early in treatment to prevent excessive diuresis that could prevent titration of ACE inhibitors to target doses. Digoxin has not been shown to affect the natural history of heart failure and should be reserved for patients who remain symptomatic after treatment with ACE inhibitors and diuretics. Isosorbide dinitrate and hydralazine hydrochloride should be tried in patients who cannot tolerate ACE inhibitors or who have refractory symptoms. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1994;272:1361-1366)
'Brain Death'
Authors: Fred Rosner
Journal: JAMA (1989)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The editorial entitled "Appropriate Confusion Over 'Brain Death'" by Dr Wikler and Mr Weisbard<sup>1</sup>is inappropriate because it introduces unnecessary confusion where none exists. A decade of clinical data confirm the unequivocal accuracy of the wholebrain definition of death as proposed by the President's Commission<sup>2</sup>and others, endorsed by the American Bar Association and the American Medical Association, and enacted into law by most state legislatures. Dr Wikler and Mr Weisbard quote Youngner et al,<sup>3</sup>whose study "does not suggest that brain death is being misdiagnosed; indeed the diagnosis is as certain as anything in medicine." Yet, Dr Wikler and Mr Weisbard effectively destroy the confidence of the medical profession in the neurological determination of death. In so doing, they endanger organ transplant programs by making it virtually impossible to cease life support therapy on a patient who has an irreversibly nonfunctioning brain including
Dr. Hill's Name Misspelled
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Précis DU Traitement des Fractures par le Massage et la Mobilisation.
Journal: JAMA (1910)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Oat products and lipid lowering. A meta-analysis
Authors: C. M. Ripsin
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>Objectives.</h3> —To test the a priori hypothesis that consumption of oats will lower the blood total cholesterol level and to assess modifiers and confounders of this association. <h3>Data Sources.</h3> —A computerized literature (MEDLINE) search and the Quaker Oats Co identified published and unpublished trials as of March 1991. Raw data were requested for all trials. <h3>Study Selection.</h3> —Trials were included in summary effect size estimates if they were randomized and controlled, if a formal assessment of diet and body weight changes occurred, and, if raw data were not received, if there was enough information in the published report to perform calculations. <h3>Data Synthesis.</h3> —Twenty trials were identified. Using the methods of DerSimonian and Laird, a summary effect size for change in blood total cholesterol level of -0.13 mmol/L (-5.9 mg/dL) (95% confidence interval [Cl], -0.19 to -0.017 mmol/L [-8.4 to -3.3 mg/dL]) was calculated for the 10 trials meeting the inclusion criteria. The summary effect size for trials using wheat control groups was -0.11 mmol/L (-4.4 mg/dL) (95% Cl, -0.21 to -0.01 mmol/L [-8.3 to -0.38 mg/dL]). Calculation of Keys scores demonstrated that substituting carbohydrates for dietary fats and cholesterol did not account for the majority of blood cholesterol reduction. Larger reductions were seen in trials in which subjects had initially higher blood cholesterol levels (≥5.9 mmol/L [≥229 mg/dL]), particularly when a dose of 3 g or more of soluble fiber was employed. <h3>Conclusion.</h3> —This analysis supports the hypothesis that incorporating oat products into the diet causes a modest reduction in blood cholesterol level. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1992;267:3317-3325)
Quality health care
Authors: L. A. Headrick
Journal: JAMA (1994)

Continuous improvement is a reality in clinical medicine. Derived from industry, continuous improvement (also known as continuous quality improvement or total quality management) was first applied to nonclinical support services.<sup>1</sup>Examples of improvement in direct patient care finally have emerged in the literature. Continuous improvement requires us to apply the scientific method to the everyday provision of health care. It leads us to ask the following questions: What are we trying to accomplish? How will we know that a change is an improvement? What changes can we make that we predict will lead to an improvement?<sup>2</sup>We can apply the best clinical methods known (with the help of guidelines) and measure the effect (with ongoing measurement of outcomes). We can create cycles of learning by measuring variables in the process of care, determining which has the most significant effect on outcomes, and experimenting with targeted interventions.<sup>3</sup>The
BI18: <i>Mycobacterium marinum</i> bacteraemia: a complication worth fishing for
Authors: H Wace, N Mcentyre, I Elliott, R Matin
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2021)

Alternaria is a rare cause of fungal infection in the human host but has emerged as an increasing source of morbidity in the iatrogenically immunosuppressed, in particular solid organ transplant recipients (OTRs).This ubiquitous soil saprophyte is a common plant pathogen responsible for leaf blight and leaf spot on a wide variety of crops.It is a phaeohyphomycosis (melanin-producing fungus) and can manifest as a cutaneous infection, which poses both diagnostic and therapeutic challenges.We report a case of cutaneous alternariosis in a 69-year-old farmer 20 months after renal transplantation for diabetic nephropathy.Current immunosuppressive medications included mycophenolate mofetil and tacrolimus.He presented to dermatology with a 6-month history of two well-circumscribed, smooth, violaceous nodules (approximately 0Á5 and 2 cm in diameter, respectively) on the right thigh.These were asymptomatic and had remained static in size since onset.There was no preceding history of trauma or inoculation at the site.The patient was systemically well.Examination revealed no associated lymphadenopathy.Routine blood tests, including inflammatory markers, were normal.Excision biopsy of one nodule revealed a dermal abscess with necrotizing granulomatous inflammation.Periodic acid-Schiff with diastase and Grocott stains showed numerous hyaline septated fungal hyphae with acute angle branching.Culture identified Alternaria spp.sensitive to itraconazole and posaconazole, intermediate to voriconazole.Definitive management with surgical excision of the second nodule and a 6-month course of oral posaconazole was initiated.Alternariosis occurs more frequently in immunocompromised individuals as Alternaria spp.are weakly pathogenic.Localized disease has been reported to manifest with rhinosinusitis, ocular infections, onychomycosis and cutaneous/subcutaneous infections.Cutaneous presentations are most frequent and can be variable, ranging from macules to violaceous nodules/plaques and ulcers.Disseminated disease is rare but if undiagnosed it can be fatal.We present a case of localized disease with no obvious entry site for inoculation, although the patient's occupation is likely to be relevant.Treatment remains a challenge in OTRs owing to drug-drug interactions through inhibition of cytochrome P450 enzymes.Posaconazole has an improved side-effect profile and more consistent bioavailability than itraconazole.Surgical excision is reported to be successful in reducing the burden of infection.Close surveillance is required to identify recurrence as early as possible.This case highlights the differential of rare fungal infections in OTRs presenting with nodules clinically suspicious of skin cancers and the management challenge it poses.
Accidental Hyperthermia
Authors: J. Saperia
Journal: BMJ (1967)

BmEDICJU 51 medical control.Major side-effects--osteo- porosis and Cushing's syndrome-can be mitigated with anabolic hormones, potassium, diuretics, change of steroid preparation, and most effectively with short-term treatment, which presented no addiction symptoms.The percentage of deaths from asthma remained unchanged before and after the steroid era (0.7%).We lost 38 steroidtreated patients in the past 10 years, of whom seven died in acute adrenal failure, verified in all cases by necropsy and histology.
BRAIN SURGERY.
Journal: JAMA (1889)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
POOR CALIFORNIA
Journal: JAMA (1922)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
<i>Untersuchungen über den feineren Bau des centralen und peripheren Nervensystemes,</i> v. Camillo Golgi, Professor der Allgemeinen Pathologie und Histologie an der Königl. Universität Pavia. Ausdem italienischen übersetzt von Dr. R. Teuscher mit einem Atlas von 30 Tafeln und 2 Figuren im text. Gustav Fischer in Jena. Price, 50 mark
Authors: A. M.
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1895)
Worsening of Obesity and Metabolic Status Yields Similar Molecular Adaptations in Human Subcutaneous and Visceral Adipose Tissue: Decreased Metabolism and Increased Immune Response
Authors: Eva Klimčáková, Balbine Roussel, Adriana Márquez-Quiñones, Zuzana Kováčová, Michaela Kováčiková, Marion Combes, Michaela Šiklová-Vítková, Jindra Hejnová, Petra Šrámková, Anne Bouloumié, Nathalie Viguerie, Vladimir Štich, Dominique Langin
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (2010)

ContextIt is not known whether biological differences reported between sc adipose tissue (SAT) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) depots underlie the pathogenicity of visceral fat.
Building the Best Team
Authors: Ira S. Nash
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1998)

Letters15 February 1998Building the Best TeamIra S. Nash, MD and David B. Nash, MD, MBAIra S. Nash, MDThe Mount Sinai Medical Center; New York, NY 10029Thomas Jefferson University Hospital; Philadelphia, PA 19107Search for more papers by this author and David B. Nash, MD, MBAThe Mount Sinai Medical Center; New York, NY 10029Thomas Jefferson University Hospital; Philadelphia, PA 19107Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-128-4-199802150-00044 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:Dr. Matz's overextension of our sports analogy leads him to distort our central point. “Winning” is analogous to the “outcomes” that he acknowledges medicine should focus on, giants notwithstanding. It is true that winning in sports and achieving good outcomes in medicine have greater economic implications than they once did, but this has not displaced these goals from the core of both endeavors. Carrying the analogy further inevitably fails; medicine is more complex than sports.We appreciate Dr. Babbs's “invitation.” Perhaps he should share the means of his success in a forum where others could benefit from his ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: The Mount Sinai Medical Center; New York, NY 10029Thomas Jefferson University Hospital; Philadelphia, PA 19107 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 February 1998Volume 128, Issue 4Page: 328KeywordsSportsSports and exercise medicine Issue Published: 15 February 1998 CopyrightCopyright © 1998 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Autoimmune Hepatitis
Authors: Karl-Hermann Meyer zum Büschenfelde, Ansgar W. Lohse
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1995)

Although autoimmune hepatitis has been recognized for more than 40 years, only the advent of diagnostic tests for infections with hepatitis B and C viruses has permitted it to be reliably identified. Even so, up to 5 percent of patients with autoimmune hepatitis have false positive tests for antibodies to hepatitis C virus, and about 10 percent of patients with viral hepatitis have autoantibodies. Nonetheless, it is clear that autoimmune hepatitis and hepatitis C are completely distinct conditions.1,2 There is no evidence of a link between infection with one of the hepatotropic viruses and autoimmune hepatitis.1,2 Like other . . .
The Diagnosis and Treatment of Postural Defects.
Journal: JAMA (1933)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Low fetal loss rates after ultrasound-proved viability in early pregnancy
Authors: J. L. Simpson
Journal: JAMA (1987)

Once pregnancy is recognized clinically, it is accepted that 12% to 15% undergo spontaneous abortion. However, the actual time of fetal demise has not yet been determined. To address this question, the outcomes of pregnancies identified before 21 days of conception by serum β-human chorionic gonadotropin assays were studied. All subjects underwent ultrasound examinations at eight and 12 weeks' gestation. Among 220 women who had a viable pregnancy at eight weeks, only seven (3.2%) experienced a fetal loss thereafter. The results of this study suggest that most clinically recognized spontaneous abortions manifested after eight weeks actually represent pregnancies in which fetal demise occurred before eight weeks. These findings have important implications with respect to the safety of chorionic villi sampling and to the identification of exogenous agents that cause fetal wastage. (<i>JAMA</i>1987;258:2555-2557)
Dopamine in the hepatorenal syndrome
Authors: J. R. Wilson
Journal: JAMA (1977)

DOPAMINE hydrochloride has been reported to increase both renal plasma flow and, to a small extent, urinary sodium excretion in patients with the hepatorenal syndrome, but to have no notable effect on glomerular filtration rate or urinary output.<sup>1,2</sup>A patient with the hepatorenal syndrome had a clear increase in urine output and urinary sodium excretion resulting from the use of dopamine. <h3>Report of a Cas</h3> A 50-year-old woman with a history of heavy alcohol abuse was admitted with marked jaundice, massive ascites, and moderate pedal edema. The laboratory findings disclosed the following values: BUN, 5 mg/dl; creatinine, 0.8 mg/dl; total bilirubin, 20.8 mg/dl; SGOT, 282 μU/ml (normal 7 to 40 μU/ml); alkaline phosphatase, 234 μU/ml (normal 30 to 125 μU/ml); and urinary sodium, 3 mEq/liter. The patient began receiving a 500-mg sodium diet, and 1,200 ml fluid restriction. On the ninth hospital day, asterixis, and mild confusion were noted.
Manual of Antenatal Pathology and Hygiene: The Fetus.
Journal: JAMA (1902)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Editorial Board
Authors: Stavroula Kousta, Katja Brose, Rolf Van Der Sanden, Patrick Scheffmann, Ria Otten, R Adolphs, R Baillargeon, N Chater, P Dayan, S Dehaene, D Dennett, Y Dudai, A Engel, M Farah, A Friederici, O Hikosaka, R Jackendoff, P Johnson-Laird, N Kanwisher, M Kutas, N Logothetis, J Mcclelland, E Miller, R Poldrack, M Raichle, T Robbins, A Wagner, V Walsh
Journal: Trends in Cognitive Sciences (2012)
Law and Medicine
Authors: Bernard D. Hirsh
Journal: JAMA (1982)

Beginning with this issue,<i>JAMA</i>will be publishing a LAW AND MEDICINE feature. LAW AND MEDICINE will consist of brief legal articles relating to the practice of medicine or areas of the law that are of interest to physicians. These articles will be prepared by lawyers in the American Medical Association Office of General Counsel and other medicolegal experts. The first, "Duty to Warn Third Parties," appears on page 431. As stated on its masthead, "The Journalis a forum for open and responsible discussion of matters relevant to the field of medicine. Its mission is education: to inform its readers of progress in clinical medicine, medical research, and of developments in other fields of interest to physicians."<i>JAMA</i>believes that it can provide physician readers with a valuable service by bringing to their attention legal information and analysis compiled by experienced lawyers and physicians who have been involved in