tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Prevention of bile acid–induced apoptosis by betaine in rat liver
Authors: D Graf
Journal: Hepatology (2002)

Bile acid–induced apoptosis plays an important role in the pathogenesis of cholestatic liver disease, and its prevention is of therapeutic interest. The effects of betaine were studied on taurolithocholate 3-sulfate (TLCS) and glycochenodeoxycholate (GCDC)-induced apoptosis in rat hepatocytes in vitro and in vivo. Hepatocyte apoptosis, caspase activation, and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) cleavage, which are normally observed in response to both bile acids, were largely prevented after preincubation of hepatocytes with betaine. Betaine uptake was required for this protective effect, which was already observed at betaine concentrations of 1 mmol/L. Betaine did not affect the TLCS-induced membrane trafficking of CD95 and tumor necrosis factor–related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL) receptor 2 to the plasma membrane or the TLCS-induced recruitment of Fas-associated death domain (FADD) and caspase 8 to the CD95 receptor. However, betaine largely prevented cytochrome c release and oxidative stress exerted otherwise by TLCS. Inhibition of caspase 9 strongly blunted TLCS-induced caspase-8 activation. Further betaine did not prevent the TLCS-induced c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), extracellular signal–regulated kinase (Erk), and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) activation or TLCS-induced protein kinase B (PKB) dephosphorylation. The protective betaine effect was insensitive to inhibition of Erks by PD089059, of p38MAPK by SB203580, or of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-kinase) by LY294002. Betaine supplementation in the drinking water significantly ameliorated in vivo hepatocyte apoptosis following bile duct ligation. In conclusion, this study identifies betaine as a potent protectant against bile acid–induced apoptosis in vivo and in vitro, and its antiapoptotic action largely resides on an inhibition of the proapoptotic mitochondrial pathway. (HEPATOLOGY 2002;36:829-839.)
Genomic analysis of metastatic solid tumors in veterans: Findings from the VHA National Precision Oncology Program.
Authors: Pradeep Poonnen, Jill Duffy, Bradley J. Hintze, Maulik Shukla, Thomas S. Brettin, Neal R. Conrad, Hyunseung Yoo, Christopher M. Guertin, Jane A. Looney, Vishal Vashistha, Michael J. Kelley, Neil L. Spector
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2019)

3074 Background: Scalable next generation sequencing (NGS) technologies have enabled incorporation of precision oncology into clinical practice, informing treatment decisions based on tumor genomics. The Veterans Health Administration (VHA) is the largest integrated healthcare system in the U.S., serving a higher percentage of rural patients (36%) than the national average (14%). To implement and standardize the practice of precision oncology across a diverse healthcare system, the VHA established the National Precision Oncology Program (NPOP). Methods: Tumor or peripheral blood specimens were collected from Veterans with advanced solid tumors who were eligible for treatment with targeted or immunotherapeutic drugs. Specimens were sequenced using cancer gene panels at two commercial laboratories. Annotated results were generated by the vendors and independently using IBM Watson for Genomics. Levels of evidence treatment recommendations were based upon OncoKB criteria. Results: Between July 2016 and June 2018, 3713 samples were collected from 72 facilities; the sequencing success rate was 86%. The majority of samples came from males with lung, prostate and colorectal cancers. Thirty-four percent of samples submitted were from rural patients. The most commonly mutated genes included TP53 , ATM and KRAS . Over 70% of samples sequenced had at least one actionable mutation, and clinical trials were the recommended option in over 50%. The most frequent therapies prescribed in response to NGS testing were immune checkpoint inhibitors, EGFR kinase inhibitors and PARP inhibitors. Interestingly, prostate cancers among Veterans had a higher frequency of mutations in genes associated with a neuroendocrine phenotype compared with the general population. Conclusions: Implementation of precision oncology into clinical practice is feasible across the diverse VHA system, including rural community sites. Veterans have unique occupational exposures that might inform underlying causes of distinct mutational signatures identified here. Our results highlight the importance of increasing the availability of clinical trials for Veterans.
THIRD INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF DERMATOLOGY
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1895)

British Journal of DermatologyVolume 7, Issue 4 p. 133-136 THIRD INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF DERMATOLOGY First published: April 1895 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1895.tb16848.xAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Volume7, Issue4April 1895Pages 133-136 RelatedInformation
OP32 * A COMBINED STRATEGY FOR THE DETECTION OF BRAF FUSIONS IN PILOCYTIC ASTROCYTOMA USING RT-PCR AND FISH
Authors: C. Faulkner, A. Shaw, C. Wragg, M. Greenslade, H. Haynes, H. Williams, S. Lowis, M. Williams, K. M. Kurian
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

INTRODUCTION: Pilocytic astrocytomas can show a wide morphological spectrum making definitive histological diagnosis challenging. The FISH test for KIAA1549-BRAF fusions is most commonly used, but this is difficult to interpret. We aimed to develop a real-time PCR (RT-PCR) test as a first-line screen for the three most common KIAA1549-BRAF fusion variants. METHOD: A RT-PCR method for detecting KIAA1549-BRAF fusions from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) brain tumour tissues (pilocytic astrocytoma). The three most common fusion variants are detected using this assay: exon 16 of KIAA1549 fused to exon 9 of BRAF, exon 15 of KIAA1549 fused to exon 9 of BRAF and exon 16 of KIAA1549 fused to exon 11 of BRAF fusion. GAPDH expression was used as a control. RESULTS: The RT-PCR assay was initially validated on 12 samples previously tested by FISH or RT-PCR in a different laboratory. The RT-PCR assay had a sensitivity of 89% (8/9 - one sample tested positive by FISH but negative on RT-PCR) and a specificity of 100% (2/2). The failure rate was 8.3% (1/12). Sensitivity experiments showed that the fusion can be detected when present at a least 5% of the total cDNA content. 51 Neuropathology diagnostic FFPE samples from 42 pilocytic astrocytoma patients were then tested using the BRAF fusion RT-PCR assay. The overall pick-up rate was 54% (20/37 patients) Of the positive patients (20), 55% (11/20) had the 16-9 fusion and 45% (9/20) had the 15-9 fusion. Two patients had multiple fusions (2/20 positive patients, 10%) showing the 16-9 fusion and a low-level 16-11 fusion. No patients exclusively had the 16-11 fusion. CONCLUSION: We propose RTPCR first line for fusion analysis followed by FISH, for pilocytic astrocytoma.
Safe Medium Revives Amniography
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract LB-127: Loss of function of <i>GAS7</i> promotes neuroblastoma metastasis in the context of <i>MYCN</i> overexpression
Authors: Zhiwei Dong, Gonzalo Lepez Garcia, Cheng Zhang, Erin N. Dankert, Jo Lynne Harenza, Xiaonan Hou, Hu Li, John M. Maris, Shizhen (Jane) Zhu
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Neuroblastoma is an embryonal tumor arising in the peripheral sympathetic nervous system (PSNS), and often presents with widespread metastasis at diagnosis. We recently demonstrated that overexpression of LMO1 can synergize with MYCN to promote tumor metastasis in our zebrafish model system. Here, we identify a “metastasis suppressor” gene – growth arrest specific 7 (GAS7) – whose loss of function or reduced expression can promote dissemination and migration of neuroblastoma cells with MYCN overexpression, both in vitro and in vivo. GAS7 resides on chromosome 17p13.1, a region that is deleted in high-risk neuroblastomas with higher frequency in MYCN-amplified cases. Expression levels of GAS7 are also significantly downregulated in MYCN-amplified or otherwise MYCN-overexpressing human neuroblastoma cells, as well as MYCN-overexpressing zebrafish PSNS cells, suggesting an inverse relationship between the oncogenic activities of MYCN and GAS7downregulation. To determine whether loss of function or reduced expression of GAS7 could contribute to neuroblastoma pathogenesis in the context of MYCN overexpression, we developed a gas7 knockout zebrafish line using a transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALEN) method. Loss of function of gas7 promoted hematogenous metastasis of MYCN-overexpressing tumor cells to tissues and organs that paralleled the common sites of metastasis in neuroblastoma patients. Further RNA-sequencing and qRT-PCR analyses showed that representative signature genes encoding proteins involved in tumor cell-cell or cell-extracellular matrix interactions were significantly downregulated in fish tumors with loss of function of gas7, consistent with our electron microscopic finding in the fish model showing a loss of contact among tumor cells in fish lacking functional gas7, suggesting that GAS7 may physically act as a metastasis suppressor. Thus, in high-risk neuroblastoma with MYCNamplification or overexpression, we propose that deletion or reduced expression of GAS7 cooperates with MYCN to promote neuroblastoma cell dissemination. Although the precise mechanism of this interaction remains unclear, we suggest that it relies, in part, on the downregulation of pivotal genes involved in tumor cell-cell or cell-extracellular matrix contacts. Citation Format: Zhiwei Dong, Gonzalo Lepez Garcia, Cheng Zhang, Erin N. Dankert, Jo Lynne Harenza, Xiaonan Hou, Hu Li, John M. Maris, Shizhen (Jane) Zhu. Loss of function of GAS7 promotes neuroblastoma metastasis in the context of MYCN overexpression [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-127.
Status Lymphaticus
Authors: HENRY M. RAY
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1929)

Article1 March 1929Status LymphaticusHENRY M. RAY, M.D.HENRY M. RAY, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-2-9-941 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThere is no generally accepted definition of "Status Lymphaticus." This condition clinically is at least in part related to certain constitutional defects variously designated under the terms: laryngismus, asthma thymicum, constitutio lymphaticus, status thymicolymphaticus and others. All of these conditions described at different times by different observers, represent in all likelihood different manifestations and degrees of the same constitutional defect which was first mentioned more than 300 years ago by Felix Plater, who in 1614, reported the sudden death with no apparent cause of a five month's old boy whose most prominent pathologic finding at autopsy was the enlarged thymus....References BARBARA M: Societa Editrice Libraria, Milano, 1918, p. 1-260. Google Scholar BARTELS : Wien Klin. Wchnschr., 1908, p. 1826. Google Scholar EWING : N. Y. Med. J., Vol. 66, 1897, p. 37. Google Scholar FRIEDLEBEN A: Die Physiologie der Thymus-Inise, Frankfort-A.-M., 1858, p. 366. Google Scholar GREENWOODWOOD MHM: J. Hyg., Vol. 26, 1927, p. 305. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar LEWIS JT: Am. J. Physiol., Vol. 64, 1923, p. 503. CrossrefGoogle Scholar MARINE D: Status lymphaticus, Arch. of Path., Vol. I, No. 9, Apr., 1928, pp. 661-682. Google Scholar OHLMACHER : N. Y. Med. J., Vol. 68, 1898, p. 443. Google Scholar PALTAUF A: Wien. Klin. Wchnschr., 1889, p. 877, 1890, p. 172. Google Scholar PARKMCCLURE EARD: Results of Thymus Extirpation in Dog, Am. J. Dis. Child., Vol. 18, Nov. 1919, p. 317. CrossrefGoogle Scholar SYMMERS D: Status lymphaticus, Am. J. Dis. Child., Dec. 1917. Google Scholar SYMMERS D: Am. J. Med. Sc., Vol. 156, 1918, p. 40. CrossrefGoogle Scholar TAKÉMARINE NMD: J. Infect. Dis., Vol. 33, 1923, p. 217. CrossrefGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: HENRY M. RAY, M.D.Affiliations: Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 March 1929Volume 2, Issue 9Page: 941-947KeywordsAsthmaAutopsyThymus ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 March 1929 PDF downloadLoading ...
Meeting the problem. Panel discussion of experiences and problems involved in reporting adverse drug reactions
Authors: Symposium Participants, Larry Seidl, Dale Friend, Joseph Sadusk
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Dr. Maxwell M. Wintrobe: We have learned that the wise use of drugs involves knowledge, understanding, and awareness. We have been hearing about reactions to drugs and have learned that they may be classified in two categories: by their toxic effects, which are predictable, and in many instances are already known when the drug is introduced from animal studies; then by idiosyncratic or sensitivity reactions, with which we are particularly concerned. Dr. Perera said the real problem in therapy is the physician, not the drug. The first important point, the key word, is awareness: the physician must be aware. The physician also must be alert; this is an essential point in therapy. It also is important that the physician be selective, direct, and specific in therapy, and, when there is a choice, that he use the least potentially dangerous drug. These are the essentials of our problem, and I would
Untitled
Authors: J. Kelly McGuire
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1996)

Ad Libitum15 May 1996UntitledJ. Kelly McGuire, MDJ. Kelly McGuire, MDPound Community Medical Clinic, Pound, WI 54161-0018Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-124-10-199605150-00013 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail If that was the autumn of her yearsThis would be the winterFor then her leaves were turningA scent of coolness in the airWas a reminder of other autumns we have knownWhen songbirds had taken flight and flowers closedThe warmth and sparkle of summer's airHad faded into memoryAnd cool and misty breezes blownBut now her leaves have fallenHer branches stand exposed, her graces lostThe colors of maples, birch, and marigoldsThe bounties of the harvestHave been replaced by snow and frostAnd grasp the ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: J. Kelly McGuire, MDAffiliations: Pound Community Medical Clinic, Pound, WI 54161-0018Corresponding Author: J. Kelly McGuire, MD, Pound Community Medical Clinic, 2026 County Road Q, PO Box 18, Pound, WI 54161-0018. Previousarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 May 1996Volume 124, Issue 10 Page: 925 Keywords Hand strength Memory recall ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 May 1996 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1996 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Endarterectomy for asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis. Executive Committee for the Asymptomatic Carotid Atherosclerosis Study
Authors: Michael D. Walker, John R. Marler, Murray Goldstein, Patricia A. Grady, James F. Toole, William H. Baker, John E. Castaldo, Lloyd E. Chambless, Wesley S. Moore, James T. Robertson, Byron Young, Virginia J. Howard, Suzanne Purvis, Dee Dee Vernon, Dee Dee Vernon, Kelley Needham, Pam Beck, Victor J. Celani, Laura Sauerbeck, Jeanine A. von Rajcs, Donna Atkins
Journal: JAMA (1995)

To determine whether the addition of carotid endarterectomy to aggressive medical management can reduce the incidence of cerebral infarction in patients with asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis.Prospective, randomized, multicenter trial.Thirty-nine clinical sites across the United States and Canada.Between December 1987 and December 1993, a total of 1662 patients with asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis of 60% or greater reduction in diameter were randomized; follow-up data are available on 1659. At baseline, recognized risk factors for stroke were similar between the two treatment groups.Daily aspirin administration and medical risk factor management for all patients; carotid endarterectomy for patients randomized to receive surgery.Initially, transient ischemic attack or cerebral infarction occurring in the distribution of the study artery and any transient ischemic attack, stroke, or death occurring in the perioperative period. In March 1993, the primary outcome measures were changed to cerebral infarction occurring in the distribution of the study artery or any stroke or death occurring in the perioperative period.After a median follow-up of 2.7 years, with 4657 patient-years of observation, the aggregate risk over 5 years for ipsilateral stroke and any perioperative stroke or death was estimated to be 5.1% for surgical patients and 11.0% for patients treated medically (aggregate risk reduction of 53% [95% confidence interval, 22% to 72%]).Patients with asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis of 60% or greater reduction in diameter and whose general health makes them good candidates for elective surgery will have a reduced 5-year risk of ipsilateral stroke if carotid endarterectomy performed with less than 3% perioperative morbidity and mortality is added to aggressive management of modifiable risk factors.
QUANTIFICATION OF LYMPHOVASCULAR INVASION IS USEFUL TO PREDICT LYMPH NODE METASTASES IN PATIENTS WITH SUBMUCOSAL (T1B) ESOPHAGEAL ADENOCARCINOMA
Authors: SEM van de Ven, AW Gotink, FJC Ten Kate, D Nieboer, BLAM Weusten, LAA Brosens, R van Hillegersberg, LA Herrero, CA Seldenrijk, A Alkhalaf, FCP Moll, W Curvers, I van Lijnschoten, T Tang, H van der Valk, WB Nagengast, G Kats-Ugurlu, JTM Plukker, MHMG Houben, J van der Laan, RE Pouw, JJGHM Bergman, SL Meijer, MI van Berge Henegouwen, BPL Wijnhoven, PJF de Jonge, M Doukas, MJ Bruno, K Biermann, AD Koch
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims Lymphovascular invasion (LVI) is an important prognostic factor for lymph node metastases (LNM) in patients with submucosal esophageal adenocarcinoma (T1b EAC). Currently, LVI is classified as present or absent. The aim of this study was to determine whether quantification of LVI provides additional prognostic information in patients with pT1b EAC.
Neurocutaneous Melanosis and Melanomas in Children
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Podocyte-associated talin1 is critical for glomerular filtration barrier maintenance
Authors: Xuefei Tian, Jin Ju Kim, Susan M. Monkley, Nanami Gotoh, Ramiro Nandez, Keita Soda, Kazunori Inoue, Daniel M. Balkin, Hossam Hassan, Sung Hyun Son, Yashang Lee, Gilbert Moeckel, David A. Calderwood, Lawrence B. Holzman, David R. Critchley, Roy Zent, Jochen Reiser, Shuta Ishibe
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2015)
Cardiac Rehabilitation
Authors: Edward B. J. Winslow
Journal: JAMA (1987)

THE TREATMENT of patients with coronary heart disease has changed markedly in the past 30 years. Not only have drug therapy and surgical options improved outcome, but the activity and exercise levels recommended to patients have become much more liberal. In 1956 Paul Wood<sup>1</sup>recommended that following myocardial infarction, "Patients should be confined to bed at once and should remain there for three to six weeks, or longer, according to the severity of the illness...." He makes no mention of subsequent exercise for patients with coronary heart disease. In 1961 activity for the patient soon after myocardial infarction was being liberalized, although with much trepidation, and electrocardiographic monitoring was being recommended for patients as they progressed through various activities of daily living.<sup>2</sup>Friedberg<sup>3</sup>in his 1966 text still recommended two to three weeks in bed and an additional period of three to four weeks in the hospital for
PULSE
Journal: JAMA (1992)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal