tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Ventilation Strategies for Acute Lung Injury and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome—Reply
Authors: Maureen O. Meade
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Medicolegal
Journal: JAMA (1925)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Magnetic resonance imaging of reticulo‐endothelial system in patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura
Authors: S. Morio, H. Oh, N. Endo, E. Kawano, H. Nakamura, T. Asai, Y. Saito, Y. Uchida, H. Ikehira, K. Yoshida
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1997)
Clinical implications of lactic dehydrogenase activity in sputum
Authors: I. Levine
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) activity is present in sputum. This activity is altered in an inconstant fashion when the sputum is stored; it is altered in a constant fashion when propylene glycol-saline inhalations are used for cough induction. With worsening of bronchopulmonary disease there occurs both an increase in total LDH activity and the appearance of or an increase in the electrophoretically faster isoenzyme fractions; with improvement of the condition the reverse is seen. The isoenzyme pattern is the more precise reflection of the patient's status.
Transplantation of Kidneys
Authors: C J Rudge
Journal: BMJ (1962)

Nearly 2000 patients each year commence renal replacement therapy in the UK. Renal transplantation offers a return to a near-normal lifestyle and has considerable financial advantages over long-term dialysis. Recent developments have increased the success rate to nearly 90%, and there is a real need to improve the supply of cadaver kidneys available for transplantation.
TETANUS AND VACCINATION
Journal: JAMA (1928)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Should pharmacists evaluate the practices of physicians?
Authors: G. P. Bodey
Journal: JAMA (1989)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The letter of Dr Taylor<sup>1</sup>introduces an issue that should be of concern to physicians, namely, the increasing evaluation of their practices by nonphysicians. Apparently this pharmacist initiated a review of antibiotic prescribing at his own instigation without any input from a physician. The major focus of the review was to detect whether "less expensive antibiotical alternatives" could have been selected. The author concluded that there were "preferred alternatives" based on culture and sensitivity reports. The selection of antibiotics is based on more than just a culture and sensitivity report. Often therapy must be initiated before such information is available. When the patient is seriously ill, the physician needs to be confident that he has provided broad-spectrum coverage against many potential pathogens. Failure to do so could result in the patient's death. When laboratory reports become available, the physician may not feel comfortable in changing to
Effects of sodium fluoride on bone. Application to otosclerosis and other decalcifying bone diseases
Authors: G. E. Shambaugh
Journal: JAMA (1968)

The authors conducted experiments at Northwestern University on the effects of sodium fluoride on bone, with its possible use for certain decalcifying diseases of bone including the disease peculiar to the labyrinthine capsule known as otosclerosis. These experiments were prompted by the report of the use of large doses of sodium fluoride for postmenopausal osteoporosis, corticoid-induced osteoporosis, and osteitis deformans (Paget's disease).<sup>1</sup>Before describing our experimental studies, a clarification is needed of the disease process misnamed otosclerosis. <h3>The Disease of Otosclerosis</h3> The disease known as otosclerosis occurs only in the labyrinthine capsule that surrounds the inner ear and, as far as is known, only in man. As seen at autopsy by sectioning the temporal bones, the lesion consists of one or several foci of new bone occurring in and replacing the endochondral bone of the labyrinthine capsule. It is unique in that it remains unchanged from the fifth fetal
The First Biennial Leadbetter Symposium on Urologic Oncology
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1977)

Journal Article The First Biennial Leadbetter Symposium on Urologic Oncology Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 58, Issue 5, May 1977, Page 1543, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/58.5.1543-a Published: 01 May 1977
Undescended Testicle
Authors: William C. Quinby
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1945)

DISCUSSING the diagnosis and treatment of imperfect descent of the testicle Browne1 relates an example of the advice given by various physicians to the parents of such a patient. They were told that an immediate operation must be performed if the child was not to be practically a eunuch; that they should wait for five years to see what happened; that the patient should be treated by hormone injections; that operation must on no account be done, since it was invariably unsuccessful; and that the testis was held up by a displaced vertebra that must be treated (this advice was . . .
Errors in Abstract and Text
Journal: JAMA (1991)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Survival Disparities Between African-American and Caucasian Patients with Multiple Myeloma Are Blunted in the Era of Novel Therapeutics and Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation.
Authors: Nina Shah, Donna M Weber, Michael Wang, Sheeba Thomas, Jatin Shah, Sergio Giralt, Raymond Alexanian, Robert Z Orlowski, Muzaffar H. Qazilbash, Tiffany Avery
Journal: Blood (2009)
Abstract LB-323: <i>Atrx</i> deletion delays tumor formation and increases radiosensitivity of a primary mouse model of soft tissue sarcoma
Authors: Robert W. Floyd, Lixia Luo, David Kirsch
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Soft tissue sarcomas are tumors of the connective tissue that account for an estimated 12,000 new cancer cases annually and carry a poor prognosis with a five year survival rate of 50% despite treatment. An important research objective in improving therapy for soft tissue sarcoma patients is to understand how genetic mutations affect soft tissue sarcoma development and radiation response. Intriguingly, next-generation sequencing data from The Cancer Genome Atlas and other massive cancer sequencing efforts have identified Alpha Thalassemia and Mental Retardation X-linked, or ATRX, as the second most frequently mutated gene in soft tissue sarcoma. The vast majority of these ATRX mutations are frameshift mutations. To dissect the role of ATRX in soft tissue sarcoma development and therapeutic response, we generated a primary mouse model of soft tissue sarcoma. This model utilizes Cre-LoxP technology to conditionally activate oncogenic KrasG12D, delete p53, and delete both alleles of Atrx (KPA) in mouse hindlimb Pax7+ muscle satellite cells. When compared to mice with activation of oncogenic KrasG12D, deletion of p53 and at least one wild-type Atrx allele (KP), KPA mice showed a significant delay in time to tumor formation (35 vs. 58 days median), but no significant difference in tumor growth rate as measured by time to tumor quintupling. Next, we generated primary soft tissue sarcoma cell lines from our KP mouse model, and performed CRISPR-Cas9 mediated knockout of Atrx to generate isogenic cell lines. Testing of these isogenic cell lines revealed that Atrx deletion in soft tissue sarcoma cells increased sensitivity to double strand break inducing chemotherapeutics and ionizing radiation, but not to single strand break inducing chemotherapeutics in vitro. In clonogenic assays, Atrx deletion increased radiosensitivity of soft tissue sarcoma cell lines more than fourfold across all radiation doses tested. We next used our KP and KPA models to test the effect of Atrx deletion on radiosensitivity in vivo. Results showed that, relative to the KP model, Atrx deletion improved the response of soft tissue sarcomas to radiation therapy in vivo, increasing the time to tumor quintupling after radiation by 20%. Further analysis demonstrated that Atrx deletion significantly increases mitotic segregation defects after ionizing radiation, suggesting a potential mechanism for the radiosensitivity observed in our studies. Our in vivo study provides the first insight into how ATRX alters the development and therapeutic response of soft tissue sarcoma. Citation Format: Robert W. Floyd, Lixia Luo, David Kirsch. Atrx deletion delays tumor formation and increases radiosensitivity of a primary mouse model of soft tissue sarcoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-323.
阿斯匹林和非甾体抗炎药的使用与角化细胞癌
Authors: N. Pandeya, C.M. Olsen, B.S. Thompson, J.C. Dusingize, R.E. Neale, A.C. Green
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2019)

人们认为阿斯匹林及其他非甾体抗炎药 (NSAID) 可预防角化细胞皮肤癌,即鳞状细胞癌 (SCC) 和基底细胞癌 (BCC)。但缺乏这方面的证据。澳大利亚昆士兰州的作者研究了选民注册库中的一群中老年昆士兰州居民(QSkin 研究)。他们比较了自称定期服用阿斯匹林或其他 NSAID 药物的个体与未定期服用这类药物的个体在三年内角化细胞癌的发生率。他们发现在面临高风险的患者(如有既往皮肤癌或多块皮肤光化性病变病史)中,不经常地(少于每周一次)服用阿斯匹林与 SCC 风险稍微降低相关。定期使用其他 NSAID 药物(至少每周一次)使 BCC 风险稍微降低。作者发现在低风险患者(无皮肤癌病史及少于5块光化性病变)中,服用阿斯匹林或其他 NSAID 药物未使风险降低。作者表示,许多患者使用低剂量阿斯匹林来降低心脏病发作或中风的风险,但这可能不足以预防皮肤癌。由于大多数患者购买非处方非甾体药物,无法确定剂量和治疗持续时间。他们总结,NSAID 药物的预防作用轻微,而且仅对高风险患者有效。
How Objective are Systematic Reviews? Differences between Reviews on Complementary Medicine
Authors: Klaus Linde, Stefan N Willich
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2003)

Systematic reviews are considered the most reliable tool to summarize existing evidence. To determine whether reviews that address the same questions can produce different answers we examined systematic reviews of herbal medicine, homeopathy, and acupuncture taken from a previously established database. Information on literature searching, inclusion criteria, selection process, quality assessment, data extraction, methods to summarize primary studies, number of included studies, results and conclusions was compared qualitatively. Seventeen topics (eight on acupuncture, six on herbal medicines, three on homeopathy) had been addressed by 2-5 systematic reviews each. The number of primary studies in the reviews varied greatly within most topics. The most obvious reason for discrepancies between the samples was different inclusion criteria (in thirteen topics). Methods of literature searching may have contributed with some topics but the equivalence of the searches was difficult to assess. Differences were frequently observed in other methodological aspects, in results and in conclusions. This analysis shows that, at least in the three areas examined, systematic reviews often differ considerably. Readers should be aware that apparently minor decisions in the review process can have major impact.
Labour, with Perfect Obliteration of the OS Uteri
Authors: R. G. Mayne
Journal: BMJ (1857)

tated for this service, and, of course, was dismissed from his office.A few of the patients have complained of aching about the eyebrows; but the greater part sustaiin no pain or inconve- nience, except that arising from the blindness at night.They appear to see tolerably well (luring the day, but at sunset the sight becomes dim, and as the darkness increases, the dimness of siglht increases, until they become totally blind.On a care- ful examinationl, the only deviation froin the normal character of the eye observable is a dilatation of the pupil, indicating diminished sensibility of the retina-the probable cause of the blindness in a dim light.The sight does not sustain any permanent injury; as, after midsummer, in those cases whicl occur in the spring, it is as good as it was before the attack.The parties affected by it do not take so muclh niotice of it now as they did when it first occurred, for they find by expe- rience that it ceases at midsummer, and that medicine has but little influence upon it.The popula-remedy is the effluvium from fried bullock's liver, but it appears to have but little if any good eirect.Five grains of blue pill taken at bed-time relieves the browache, and seems-at least, in the opinion of the sutfferers-to mitigate the affection, so as to lhave acquired for the medicine the name of " night-blind pills".Patient endurance, fortified with the confidence that the affection will cease at midsuimtmer, and the careful avoidance of being from home utter sunset, is, however, on the whole the best course for the sifferer to pursue.
Anaphylaxis and Insect Stings and Bites
Journal: JAMA (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Reply to Jianhui Du, Yueguang Liu, and Weigang Yan’s Letter to the Editor re: Gregory T. Chesnut, Emily A. Vertosick, Nicole Benfante, et al. Role of Changes in Magnetic Resonance Imaging or Clinical Stage in Evaluation of Disease Progression for Men with Prostate Cancer on Active Surveillance. Eur Urol. In press. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2019.12.009
Authors: Gregory T. Chesnut, Emily A. Vertosick, Behfar Ehdaie
Journal: European Urology (2020)
New boost for depressed scars
Authors: G. McBride
Journal: JAMA (1978)

A new technique for the repair and elevation of depressed scars is working well for its developer, dermatologist Sheldon K. Gottlieb, MD, of Washington, DC. Taking his impetus from the work of the late Arthur S. Spangler, MD, who in 1956 reported the use of fibrin foam made from pooled plasma as a filler material for such scars, Gottlieb, who did his residency with Spangler, determined to find another similar filler material. (Fibrin foam is not available to physicians.) Speaking to the recent meeting of the American Academy of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgeons in Palm Beach, Fla, Gottlieb said: "I finally realized the importance of the enzyme fibrinolysin, or plasmin. Present in injured tissue, it destroys or inhibits the action of profibrinogen, fibrinogen, thrombin, fibrin, and other clotting factors. It became clear: An agent that would inhibit or destroy this fibrinolysin and its precursor to allow for the build-up
The effect of ethnicity on physician estimates of pain severity in patients with isolated extremity trauma
Authors: K. H. Todd
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To determine whether physician estimates of pain severity are influenced by patient ethnicity. <h3>Design.</h3> —Prospective cohort study. <h3>Setting.</h3> —UCLA Emergency Medicine Center, a level I trauma center, Los Angeles, Calif. <h3>Participants.</h3> —Hispanic and non-Hispanic white patients presenting to the emergency department with extremity trauma when research assistants were present. Exclusion criteria were patient refusal, altered mentation, or severe injury interfering with the interview process. <h3>Main Outcome Measures.</h3> —The difference between patient and physician estimates of pain severity as assessed on a visual analog scale for Hispanics and non-Hispanic whites. <h3>Results.</h3> —A total of 138 non-Hispanic white and 69 Hispanic patients participated in the study. The groups differed in language use, insurance status, and proportions suffering occupational injury. There were no differences between non-Hispanic white and Hispanic patients in patient pain assessments (mean, 39.8 mm vs 39.0 mm, respectively;<i>P</i>=.86), physician pain assessments (mean, 33.6 mm vs 29.7 mm;<i>P</i>=.23), or the disparity between patient and physician pain assessments (mean 6.1 mm vs 9.4 mm;<i>P</i>=.38). The degree of disparity between patient and physician pain assessments remained similar for both groups even after controlling for multiple potential confounders. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —Physician ability to assess pain severity does not differ for Hispanic and non-Hispanic white patients. Other explanations for a difference in analgesic practice as a function of ethnicity should be explored. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1994;271:925-928)
in vitro models and methods for bioassay and studies of cellular mechanisms
Authors: Sidney Belman, Bruce Casto, C Flessel, Bernard Lane, Lawrence Loeb, Toby Rossman, Michael Sirover, Harri Vainio, Robert Whiting
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1981)

Relationship Between In Vivo and In Vitro TestingThis report discusses the use of in vitro systems to detect metal carcinogens and to provide infornation on the mechanisms of metal carcinogenesis.The use of in vivo systems is also discussed, where they may provide additional information.Even though no single system has proven adequate for the definitive identification of all metal mutagens and carcinogens, the aggregate results of these studies indicate that the combined use of several systems may provide a valuable, initial screen for metals and their compounds.It is now imperative to evaluate more complex aggregates and mixtures of metals and their compounds that are environ- mentally ubiquitous (1).Metals appear to behave similarly to other carcinogens in cell transformation tests; however, they are frequently negative in bacterial mutagenesis revertant assays.In addition to rapid screening, cellular systems are particularly advantageous for analyzing the mechanism ofmetal mutagenesis and carcinogenesis.It is only in such systems that one may be able to study the mechanism and specificity of metal- induced cellular alterations which may be causative factors in neoplasia.The physiological chemistry of different metals may vary widely.For example,