tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Treatment of shock in myocardial infarction
Authors: S. A. Johnson
Journal: JAMA (1977)

ALTHOUGH shock complicating acute myocardial infarction is a catastrophic event, it should not be approached with an attitude of hopelessness; instead, a stepwise logical evaluation and treatment should be undertaken. Such evaluation and treatment requires adequate monitoring of certain critical hemodynamic measurements since the shock syndrome is, after all, a manifestation of preterminal hemodynamic deterioration. The clinical syndrome includes depression of the CNS as manifested by obtundation, decreased renal perfusion as manifested by oliguria to less than 0.5 ml of urine per minute, and decreased peripheral perfusion as manifested by cold cyanotic extremities. Acute myocardial infarction should be documented electrocardiographically and confirmed by enzyme studies. In addition to a standard ECG for the rhythm changes, hemodynamic monitoring must include a direct measurement of intraarterial pressure and some measure of left ventricular filling pressures. Indirect measurements of left ventricular filling pressure are the pulmonary-capillary wedge pressure and the end-diastolic pressure in
Heart Association discontinues seal of approval
Authors: P. Gunby
Journal: JAMA (1990)

AMERICAN Heart Association officials are expected to announce a revamped "Heart-Guide" nutrition-education program this summer but, in the meantime, are discontinuing HeartGuide's food package seal of approval (<i>JAMA</i>. 1988;260:1192-1193). The Heart-Guide seal was to have begun appearing about now on packages and advertising for margarines and spreads, shortenings and oils, frozen dinners and entrées, canned and frozen vegetables, and crackers. Manufacturers were to be invited to submit their products for independent testing to determine if they met the association's guidelines for total fat, saturated fat, cholesterol, and sodium content. However, some food industry groups expressed concern, the US Department of Agriculture objected to the seal's use on meat or poultry products, and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) suggested the seal might "tend to increase consumer confusion." (Originally, there was to be an administrative fee of $40 000 per year per brand and an educational fee of $5000 to $1
Progress of Infectious Diseases.
Journal: JAMA (1883)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Immunosuppressive Effect of Zidovudine
Authors: Raphael B. Strickler
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1993)

Letters1 April 1993Immunosuppressive Effect of ZidovudineRaphael B. Strickler, MD and Blaine F. Elswood, MDRaphael B. Strickler, MDSearch for more papers by this author and Blaine F. Elswood, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-118-7-199304010-00023 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:We would like to emphasize one point in the excellent review on zidovudine by McLeod and Hammer [1]; that is, at clinically relevant concentrations, zidovudine has been shown to diminish responsiveness of peripheral blood mononuclear cells to mitogens and to inhibit immune cell growth in vitro [2]. This antiproliferative effect of zidovudine resembles that of corticosteroids or immunosuppressive agents and suggests an immunosuppressive or anti-inflammatory role for the drug.As they noted, zidovudine therapy may have a beneficial effect on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related immune thrombocytopenic purpura [3], HIV-associated leukoencephalopathy [4], and HIV-induced psoriasis [5]. The possibility ...References1. McLeod GX, Hammer SM. Zidovudine: five years later. Ann Intern Med. 1992; 117:487-501. Google Scholar2. Heagy W, Crumpacker C, Lopez PA, Finberg RW. Inhibition of immune function by antiviral drugs. J Clin Invest. 1991; 87:1916-24. Google Scholar3. Stricker RB. Hemostatic abnormalities in HIV disease. Hematol Oncol Clin NA. 1991; 5:249-65. Google Scholar4. Conway B, Halliday WC, Brunham RC. Human immunodeficiency virus-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy: apparent response to 3-azido-3-deoxythymidine. Rev Infect Dis. 1990; 12: 479-82. Google Scholar5. Kaplan MH, Sadick NS, Weider J, Farber BF, Neidt GW. Anti-psoriatic effects of zidovudine in human immunodeficiency virus-associated psoriasis. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1989; 20:76-82. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Raphael B. Strickler, MD; Blaine F. Elswood, MDAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byZidovudine and psoriasis 1 April 1993Volume 118, Issue 7Page: 571-572KeywordsAttentionBlood cellsCellsDrugsHIVIdiopathic thrombocytopenic purpuraImmunosuppressivesPsoriasis ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 April 1993 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1993 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Levodopa
Authors: Roger L. Ryan
Journal: JAMA (1970)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> A great disservice may have been done many patients and physicians by publication of a letter by Sacks et al (<b>213</b>:2270, 1970) reporting "adverse" effects of levodopa which are at variance with most clinical reports.<sup>1-3</sup> I have directed the levodopa program at Standford University for 2 1/2 years and have followed 250 patients (100 of them for more than one year, 20 for two years). The most benevolent view of the great discrepancy between the Sacks et al report and that of other investigators is that they have an institutionalized population of patients of whom half are reported to have postencephalitic Parkinson's disease, whereas almost all patients in our study and other large studies have had idiopathic Parkinson's disease. However, nowhere in the letter do Sacks et al define whether given side effects occurred selectively in postencephalitic or in idiopathic cases. They have observed psychosis
Prioritizing Testing of Organic Compounds Detected as Gas Phase Air Pollutants: Structure-Activity Study for Human Contact Allergens
Authors: Robert Johnson, Orest T. Macina, Cynthia Graham, Herbert S. Rosenkranz, Glen R. Cass, Meryl H. Karol
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1997)

Organic compounds that are used or generated anthropogenically in large quantities in cities can be identified through their presence in the urban atmosphere and in air pollutant source emissions. Compounds identified by this method were screened to evaluate their potential to act as contact allergens. The CASE and MULTICASE computer programs, which are based on the detection of structure-activity relationships (SAR), were used to evaluate this potential. These relationships first are determined by comparing chemical structures to biological activity within a learning set comprised of 458 compounds, each of which had been tested experimentally in human trials for its sensitization potential. Using the information contained in this learning set, CASE and MULTICASE predicted the activity of 238 compounds found in the atmosphere for their ability to act as contact allergens. The analysis finds that 21 of 238 compounds are predicted to be active contact allergens (probability >0.5), with potencies ranging from mild to very strong. The compounds come from chemical classes that include chlorinated aromatics and chlorinated hydrocarbons, N-containing compounds, phenols, alkenes, and an S-containing compound. Using the measured airborne concentrations or emission rates of these compounds as an indication of the extent of their use, together with their predicted potencies, provides an efficient method to prioritize the experimental assessment of contact sensitization of untested organic compounds that can be detected as air pollutants.
Text-Book of Medical and Surgical Gynecology.
Journal: JAMA (1897)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Poliomyelitis Following Recent Measles
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Regional myocardial contractility and hemodynamic depression was improved during left ventricular basal compared to apical pacing under normal and reduced coronary perfusion pressure Anil M. Sinha, Barbara Hofmann, Doroth�e Sinha, Kurt Kochsiek, Georg Ertl. Medical Clinic, Wuerzburg, Germany, Medical Clinic, I, Aachen, Germany
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Possible role of autoantibodies in the pathophysiology of GM2 gangliosidoses
Authors: Akira Yamaguchi, Kayoko Katsuyama, Kiyotaka Nagahama, Toshiyuki Takai, Ichiro Aoki, Shoji Yamanaka
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2004)

Mice containing a disruption of the Hexb gene have provided a useful model system for the study of the human lysosomal storage disorder known as Sandhoff disease (SD). Hexb–/– mice rapidly develop a progressive neurologic disease of ganglioside GM2 and GA2 storage. Our study revealed that the disease states in this model are associated with the appearance of antiganglioside autoantibodies. Both elevation of serum antiganglioside autoantibodies and IgG deposition to CNS neurons were found in the advanced stages of the disease in Hexb–/– mice; serum transfer from these mice showed IgG binding to neurons. To determine the role of these autoantibodies, the Fc receptor γ gene (FcRγ) was additionally disrupted in Hexb–/– mice, as it plays a key role in immune complex–mediated autoimmune diseases. Clinical symptoms were improved and life spans were extended in the Hexb–/–FcRγ–/– mice; the number of apoptotic cells was also decreased. The level of ganglioside accumulation, however, did not change. IgG deposition was also confirmed in the brain of an autopsied SD patient. Taken together, these findings suggest that the production of autoantibodies plays an important role in the pathogenesis of neuropathy in SD and therefore provides a target for novel therapies.
Intergroup Trial of Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Adenocarcinoma of the Stomach (ITACA-S) trial: Comparison of a sequential treatment with irinotecan (CPT-11) plus 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)/folinic acid (LV) followed by docetaxel and cisplatin versus a 5-FU/LV regimen as postoperative treatment for radically resected gastric cancer.
Authors: Emilio Bajetta, Irene Floriani, Maria Di Bartolomeo, Roberto Labianca, Lorenza Landi, Armando Santoro, Rossanna Casaretti, Enzo Pasquini, Francesca Di Fabio, Ermanno Rondini, Graziella Pinotti, Paolo Bidoli, Gerado Rosati, Andrea Mambrini, Andrea Ciarlo, Stefano Sergio Cordio, Sergio Ricci, Luca Frassineti, Francesco Di Costanzo, Anna Maria Bochicchio
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

LBA4001 Background: Following radical resection of gastric or gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) adenocarcinoma, a meta-analysis and randomized studies demonstrated better survival in pts treated with fluoropyrimidine regimens compared to surgery alone. ITACA-S trial is a no-profit, multicenter, randomized, open-label, superiority phase III study aimed at evaluating whether a more intensive postoperative chemotherapy improves efficacy, when replace fluoropyrimidine. Methods: Pts radically resected for gastric or GEJ adenocarcinoma, with ≥D1-lymphadenectomy, node involvement (pN+) or pN0 with pT2b-3-4; within 3-8 weeks after surgery were eligible. Treatment consisted in CPT-11 180 mg/m 2 on d1, LV 100 mg/m2 d1-2, 5-FU 400-600 mg/m2 d1-2, q14; for 4 cycles (FOLFIRI regimen) followed by docetaxel 75 mg/m2 d1, cisplatin 75 mg/m2 d1, q 21; for 3 cycles (arm A) vs. LV 100 mg/m2 d1-2, 5-FU 400-600 mg/m2 d1-2, q 14 for 9 cycles (arm B). The primary hypothesis on disease-free survival (DFS) requires 636 events (first recurrence or death) to detect an hazard ratio (HR) of 0.80, with 2-sided 5% significance level for the log-rank test and a power of 80%. Results: From February 2005 to August 2009, 1,106 pts were randomized and 1,100 were analyzed (562 arm A, 538 arm B; 6 major violations) by 123 Italian centers. By March 2012, with a median follow-up of 49 months (quartile range: 36-62) we observed 558 events for DFS (HR 0.98; 95%CI 0.83-1.16;p=0.83) accounting for 88% of the target number and 440 deaths (HR: 1.00; 95%CI 0.83-1.20;p=0.98). Toxicity was consistent with literature. Given the data observed, both under the original hypothesis and the current trend, the probability to reach a statistically significant results at the target events is &lt;0.0001. Conclusions: Adjuvant chemotherapy in gastric cancer with more intensive regimen did not result in a significant prolongation of DFS and OS when compared to bolus/infusion FU/LV regimen.
The clinical syndrome of atrial myxoma
Authors: M. N. Peters
Journal: JAMA (1974)

Seventeen cases of atrial myxoma were reviewed to delineate features that facilitate the correct diagnosis. Each patient had features of a classic triad of obstructive, constitutional, and embolic effects. Common findings included a short (two years or less) clinical course in 10, no rheumatic fever in 16, syncope or paroxysmal dizziness in 9, systemic emboli with sinus rhythm in 3, and symptoms of systemic illness in 10. On auscultation, left atrial myxoma mimicked rheumatic mitral valve disease, but discriminating clues were variable auscultatory findings in five patients and an accentuated S, or apparent opening snap with notable mitral regurgitation in four. Features of systemic illness, anemia, or leukocytosis in ten patients and a high sedimentation rate or elevated immunoglobulin level in eight suggested myxoma. Angiography confirmed the preoperative diagnosis. As long as 15 years since surgery, there have been no recurrences following definitive tumor resection at our hospital. (<i>JAMA</i>230:695-701, 1974)
SERUM DIAGNOSIS OF BLOOD FOR FORENSIC PURPOSES.
Journal: JAMA (1901)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Epidemic neuromyasthenia. A syndrome or disease?
Authors: J. R. Graybill
Journal: JAMA (1972)

From mid-July through late September 1970, 221 persons developed an illness characterized by acute gastroenteritis, myalgias, and lethargy. Encephalopathy became evident in 18 patients. The latter was relapsing and had a slow convalescence. Physical findings were few, and laboratory examinations were not helpful in establishing a diagnosis. This epidemic appears to be a variant of so-called "epidemic neuromyasthenia," which may be more common than medical literature would indicate.
Cytokine mRNA profiling identifies B cells as a major source of RANKL in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: L. Yeo, C. Schmutz, K. Toellner, M. Salmon, A. D. Filer, C. Buckley, K. Raza, D. Scheel-Toellner
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2011)

<h3>Background and objectives</h3> Cytokines are important mediators involved in chronic inflammation and tissue destruction in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Animal models of arthritis, in vitro studies, and observations made in patients treated with anticytokine antibodies indicate that cytokines act as part of a complex regulatory network. Multiple cell types present in the synovium contribute to the cytokine production that is responsible for maintaining the inflammatory environment in the joints. Elucidating the cytokine network in RA therefore presents a considerable challenge; arguably the first step towards furthering our understanding is to determine the cellular sources of the cytokines found in the RA synovium. We have developed a method to simultaneously detect cytokine mRNA expression by the five largest cell populations in synovial fluid (SF) and peripheral blood (PB) of RA patients. Cells are neither cultured nor stimulated ex vivo to reflect their in vivo cytokine profile as closely as possible. <h3>Materials and methods</h3> SF and PB were obtained from 14 patients with RA. CD3/CD4/CD45RO+ T cells, CD3/CD8/CD45RO+ T cells, CD19+ B cells and CD14+ macrophages were sorted with a cell sorter, and neutrophils were isolated using magnetic anti-CD15 beads, to at least 95% purity. mRNA expression of 40 cytokines was quantified using real-time PCR microfluidic cards. Bias due to sample preparation, cell number and staining techniques were carefully excluded in a series of validation experiments. <h3>Results</h3> We have characterised patterns of cytokine mRNA expression by the five largest populations present in RA SF and PB. Detection of cytokines characteristic for T cells and for myeloid cells in the expected populations indicates that we are able to separate cytokine profiles of the investigated populations, thus validating our methodology. Beyond the expected cytokine patterns, we made several novel observations. One intriguing observation was that mRNA expression of RANKL was significantly higher in B cells compared to the other SF populations. This observation was confirmed at the protein level by flow cytometry and in RA synovial tissue by immunofluorescence. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Patterns of cytokine production have been identified and are now allowing us to map which cytokines are expressed in individual cell populations in RA. We have identified synovial B cells as producers of RANKL, a key cytokine driving joint destruction by osteoclast activation. This observation is of importance for our understanding of the role of B cells in RA, and may help to explain the success of B cell therapeutic targeting in limiting bone erosion.
The Diseases of the Stomach.
Journal: JAMA (1898)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal