tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Clindamycin for staphylococcal skin infections in AIDS
Authors: K. V. Rolston
Journal: JAMA (1989)

<h3>To the Editor. —</h3> In the article published in JAMA entitled "Prevention of Recurrent Staphylococcal Skin Infections With Low-Dose Oral Clindamycin Therapy," Drs Klempner and Styrt<sup>1</sup>demonstrated the usefulness of clindamycin for this indication in patients without neutropenia or neutrophil dysfunction. Patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) frequently have staphylococcal skin infections even in the absence of vascular access devices or intravenous drug abuse.<sup>2</sup>We have used clindamycin for initial and maintenance therapy for cerebral toxoplasmosis in patients with AIDS.<sup>3</sup>The data presented by Drs Klempner and Styrt prompted us to review the records of these patients, with reference to staphylococcal infections, while they were receiving clindamycin therapy. <h3>Study.—</h3> Eight patients with AIDS received 6 to 8 weeks of daily therapy with oral clindamycin for cerebral toxoplasmosis. Four of these patients went on to receive maintenance therapy two or three times a week for at least
Eleventh International Symposium for Comparative Research on Leukemia and Related Diseases
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1982)

Journal Article Eleventh International Symposium for Comparative Research on Leukemia and Related Diseases Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 69, Issue 6, December 1982, Page 1421, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/69.6.1421-c Published: 01 December 1982
Essentials of the Diseases of the Ear.
Journal: JAMA (1903)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
ADDRESS ON DIETETICS—MEDICAL FOOD ETHICS NOW AND TO COME.
Authors: EPHRAIM CUTTER
Journal: JAMA (1993)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Insurance and the presymptomatic diagnosis of delayed-onset disease
Authors: O. W. Quarrell
Journal: JAMA (1989)

<h3>In Reply. —</h3> Ms Moss raises many issues about the drug testing of pregnant women. Critical components of any testing policy include the following: (1) the purpose of testing, (2) the context of testing, (3) who is to be tested, (4) whether testing is voluntary or involuntary, (5) the specificity and sensitivity of the assay employed, (6) the confidentiality of the results, and (7) the therapeutic and/or punitive measures that occur as an outcome of the procedure. As indicated in our article, we favor the functional testing of job performance in the workplace rather than random urine testing. When an individual is found to be impaired, then we propose that the cause of this impairment should be determined, followed by appropriate therapy. Urine testing alone does not determine impairment or the presence of addiction. To label a person an addict and recommend treatment on the basis of a single test
Reply
Authors: Nunzia Pastore, Sergio Attanasio, Nicola Brunetti‐Pierri
Journal: Hepatology (2017)

Potential conflict of interest: Nothing to report. Author names in bold designate shared co‐first authorship. Reply: Helicobacter pylori infection has been involved in the development of several extragastric diseases, including cardiovascular, metabolic, and neurodegenerative conditions.1 However, data are often conflicting for these conditions, and their relevance remains inconclusive. Based on our recent finding of c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase and c‐Jun activation in livers expressing the human mutant Z alpha1‐antitrypsin,2 Ponzetto et al. proposed an interesting hypothesis about the role of H. pylori as a modifier of the liver disease induced by mutant Z alpha1‐antitrypsin. The liver disease occurs in about 10% of patients homozygous for the Z allele, and cofactors involved in inducing the liver disease are largely unknown. They hypothesized that upper gastrointestinal disease induced by H. pylori infection induces the release in the bloodstream of exosomes containing the bacterial CagA protein. According to their hypothesis, the exosomes are then taken up by hepatocytes, in which CagA activates c‐Jun that might aggravate liver damage and the risks of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients carrying the Z allele. While intriguing, the hypothesis raised by Ponzetto et al. remains highly speculative. Although Shimoda et al. found that CagA is present in serum‐derived exosomes of patients infected with H. pylori,3 it is unknown whether these exosomes are released in sufficient amount to be taken up by hepatocytes and efficiently activate the c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase and c‐Jun pathway. Moreover, activation of c‐Jun by CagA has been observed in gastric epithelial cells exposed to H. pylori,4 and whether CagA can activate the c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase and c‐Jun also in hepatocytes has to be shown. Co‐occurrence of peptic ulcer by H. pylori has been observed in patients with alpha1‐antitrypsin deficiency.5 However, whether infection with H. pylori is associated with a higher rate of liver disease in patients with alpha1‐antitrypsin deficiency has not been investigated so far. In summary, extensive studies both in preclinical models and in the clinic are needed to show whether H. pylori is indeed a modifier of the expressivity of liver disease in alpha1‐antitrypsin deficiency.
The biology of the immune response
Authors: H. N. Claman
Journal: JAMA (1992)

THE IMMUNE system is composed of a large and complex set of elements that are widely distributed. It is designed to protect against foreign pathogens while not responding adversely to self-components. Thus, it must distinguish "self" from "not self." This distinction is made by an elaborate, specific recognition system that, ultimately, is composed of receptors on T and B lymphocytes—the only immunologically specific components of the immune apparatus. The immune system also has nonspecific effector mechanisms that usually amplify the specific functions. These nonspecific features include mononuclear phagocytes, polymorphonuclear leukocytes, and the complement system. The immune system has several interesting characteristics. <h3>Specificity</h3> Immune reactions distinguish between non-cross-reacting antigens. Specificity is mediated through the antigen-specific receptors on the surfaces of T and B lymphocytes and through antibodies. <h3>Memory</h3> The immunologic response to an antigenic stimulus usually leaves the immune system changed. Ordinarily, a second administration of antigen results in an anamnestic,
`PHYSICAL DEFECTS OF DRAFTED MEN
Journal: JAMA (1941)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 2466: Designing an intuitive visualization of BRCAness scores for clinicians
Authors: Hannah R. Allegakoen, Mary Goldman, Bennett Caughey, Martin Consunji, Christopher C. Benz, David Haussler, Jingchun Zhu, Eric A. Collisson
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Objective: Genomic interrogation of tumors has changed the way we care for cancer patients. Monogenic, single mutation tests clearly and accurately define patient populations whose tumors will or will not likely respond to specific therapies. Next generation sequencing has enabled diagnostics derived from broader footprints, such as signatures of mutational processes. Currently, no universal guidelines exist on translating complex predictive signatures into the clinic, and their interpretability is a barrier to uptake by clinicians. Visually displaying genomic signatures may help clinicians interpret them. We designed a user-directed approach to developing understandable displays of an individual’s BRCAness signature through testing at clinical cancer conferences. Materials and Methods: We adopted a two-stage approach to optimizing user-testing methods. First, 44 attendees at the 2018 Gastrointestinal Cancer Symposium participated in a tablet-based test of a visualization of a patient’s BRCAness signature. We refined our testing methods and continued tabled-based testing of 51 attendees at the 2018 American Society of Clinical Oncology. Participants viewed slides explaining the signature and visualization. They were asked to interpret a patient’s BRCAness signature when provided information both as text and as a visualization. Participants received one of three similar versions of the visualization. Results: Participants interpreted patients’ BRCAness signatures faster when given a visual. When shown a visual indicating BRCAness scores of germline BRCA mutated tumors, participants interpreted the information fastest without sacrificing accuracy or confidence in their answer. Participants’ interpretation of an individual’s BRCAness signature was associated with their self-reported likelihood to recruit the individual to a clinical trial. Conclusion: Visualizing distributions of BRCAness signatures with germline BRCA mutations displayed helped participants respond faster without sacrificing accuracy or confidence in their answer. Testing attendees at cancer conferences presents a potential platform to include clinicians and researchers in the development of genomics visualization tools. Citation Format: Hannah R. Allegakoen, Mary Goldman, Bennett Caughey, Martin Consunji, Christopher C. Benz, David Haussler, Jingchun Zhu, Eric A. Collisson. Designing an intuitive visualization of BRCAness scores for clinicians [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 2466.
The immunostimulant OK-432 enhances liver regeneration after 90% hepatectomy in rats
Authors: K Kato
Journal: Hepatology (1994)

The effect of reticuloendothelial system activation on liver regeneration after 90% hepatectomy was investigated. OK-432, a killed streptococcal preparation that increases reticuloendothelial system activity, was administered to rats before 90% partial hepatectomy. Pretreated rats showed marked improvement in long-term survival: 87% (18 of 23) survived beyond 42 hr, compared with only 44.2% (24 of 52) of controls (p<0.05). Survival was determined by means of life-table analysis and regeneration response by means of bromodeoxyuridine labeling index of hepatic DNA. OK-432 pretreatment had significantly increased bromodeoxyuridine labeling index 18, 24, and 42 hr after partial hepatectomy (p<0.05). The results indicate that reticuloendothelial system activation by OK-432 before 90% partial hepatectomy enhances liver regeneration and improves survival, but these factors may not be related. The improved survival may be because of less infection in macrophage-stimulated animals or more rapid clearance of hypotension-causing vasoactive compounds. (HEPATOLOGY 1994;19:1241–1244.)
Pulsatile Peptide Secretion: Encoding of Brain Messages Regulating Endocrine and Reproductive Functions
Authors: Andres Negro-Vilar, Michael D. Culler, Marcelo M. Valenca, Toni B. Flack, Gail Wisniewski
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1987)

Neuropeptides are defined chemical messengers produced by the brain to modulate its own activity and also to regulate the function of every organ system. These neuropeptides can be viewed as coded chemical signals produced by the brain and secreted into the blood or into other fluids, such as the cerebrospinal fluid, to be transported and to act at a distant site. The signals arrive to the target organ or sometimes to an intermediary station, such as the pituitary gland, where they are decoded, transformed into a more powerful signal, and sent again through the general circulation to reach their final target. Our work has characterized the episodic or pulsatile pattern of secretion of a number of peptide hormones produced by the brain or the pituitary gland and analyzed the brain mechanisms involved in the generation of such a pulsatile pattern of hormone secretion. Molecular biology approaches have provided information on the synthesis, processing, and secretion of these brain messengers. In addition, using computer-assisted perifusion systems, we have been able to reproduce in vitro some of the signals produced by the brain and are currently trying to decode the message carried by those signals, as well as determining the intracellular messengers involved in the signal process. The importance of the neuropeptides and of the messages carried by the pulsatile signal is underlined by experiments in which animals treated with a neurotoxin were rendered infertile.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Crow
Authors: Jack Coulehan
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2002)

Ad Libitum4 June 2002CrowJack Coulehan, MDJack Coulehan, MDSetauket, NY 11733 (Coulehan)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-136-11-200206040-00016 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail a different world—caws and tinkles,... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Setauket, NY 11733 (Coulehan)Corresponding Author: Jack Coulehan, MD, 4 Townsend Court, Setauket, NY 11733. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 4 June 2002Volume 136, Issue 11Page: 852KeywordsBlindness ePublished: 4 June 2002 Issue Published: 4 June 2002 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2002 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Spontaneous dactylolysis with pain in a 58-year-old American Black man
Authors: D. S. Mendelson
Journal: JAMA (1981)

<h3>History</h3> A 58-year-old black man had pain in both fifth toes. The right toe had been involved for five years, with diminishing pain during the preceding 12 months. The left toe was more acutely affected, with pain of four months' duration. The patient was born in the United States and at the time of presentation was employed as a postal clerk. The patient stated that his mother had a fifth-toe amputation for reasons unknown to him. On examination, both fifth toes had constricting bands around the proximal phalanges and were rotated 90° inward so that the nails faced laterally (Fig 1 and 2). Radiological studies showed swelling of the soft tissue of the toes and a lucent band around the base of each fifth toe. Evidence of demineralization and bone resorption of the phalanges, particularly on the right, was present (Fig 3 and 4). <h3>Diagnosis</h3> Ainhum affecting both fifth toes.
Female Urology
Authors: Saul Boyarsky
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Should a gynecologist write a book on urology? The answer is, yes, if it is good, because he can impart a unique viewpoint for the urinary tract. This book represents a repository of techniques from one of our subcultures of medicine, with its own viewpoints and contributions, gynecologic urology. Its familiar contributions include the air cystoscope, the vaginal approach to the bladder and urethra, endocrinologic insights into pyelonephritis, cystitis, and urethral disease. It is a handbook and written simply and empirically with an historical and pathologic orientation. It is well illustrated. The references date backwards to 1900. The book is introduced as a reference book for the pelvic surgeon. This reviewer would consider that it serves better to acquaint the urologist with gynecologic viewpoints. The field of urology and the sister field of nephrology are expanding so rapidly at present as to make their own lengthy textbooks obsolete on publication,
Table of Contents
Authors: David Harris, Simon Davies, Fredric Finkelstein, Vivekanand Jha, Jo-Ann Donner, Georgi Abraham, Aminu Bello, Fergus Caskey, Guillermo Garcia, Paul Harden, Brenda Hemmelgarn, David Johnson, Nathan Levin, Valerie Luyckx, Dominique Martin, Mignon Mcculloch, Mohammed Moosa, Philip O'connell, Ikechi Okpechi, Roberto Filho, Kamal Shah, Laura Sola, Charles Swanepoel, Marcello Tonelli, Ahmed Twahir, Wim Van Biesen, Cherian Varghese, Chih-Wei Yang, Carlos Zuniga
Journal: Kidney International (2019)
Pneumococcal Vaccination for Patients With Sjögren's Syndrome
Journal: JAMA (1981)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The communities of scientists and journal peer review
Authors: E. Knoll
Journal: JAMA (1990)

IN RECENT years, scientists and editors of scientific journals have often noted how few hard data exist on the workings of editorial peer review. Although pressures from inside and out increasingly encourage journals to be more explicit about their practices and more inclined to question their own habits, there is still a good deal of truth in the sardonic observation made 5 years ago that "the arbiters of rigor, quality, and innovativeness in publishing scientific work do not apply to their own work the standards they apply in judging the work of others."<sup>1</sup>This paradox inspired The First International Congress on Peer Review in Biomedical Publication, with its goal of encouraging the systematic and empirical study of journals. Of course, data and rigorous methods are not enough to make a science. The systematic study of peer review is even more deficient in theory than it is in data. Some
Panel To Discuss Patient Care by MDs and Nurses
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Environmental Asbestotic Pleural Plaques in Northeast Corsica: Correlations with Airborne and Pleural Mineralogic Analysis
Authors: F. Rey, C. Boutin, J. R. Viallat, J. Steinbauer, P. Alessandroni, P. Jutisz, D. Di Giambattista, M. A. Billon-Galland, P. Hereng, P. Dumortier, P. De Vuyst
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1994)

We report a prevalence study of environmental pleural plaques in subjects over 50 years old from the northeastern Corsican village of Murato, built on asbestos surface deposits.The percentage of plaques was 41 %, versus 7.5% in the control village of Vezzani.Although surface deposits contain both chrysotile and tremolite, airborne pollution and asbestos lung burden of exposed inhabitants consist essentially of tremolite as assessed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM).However, TEM analysis of the parietal pleura of three animals bred in exposed areas showed a predomi- nance of short fibers of chrysotile.The respective roles of tremolite and chrysotile in inducing pleural plaques in Corsica should thus be considered.