tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Interannual variation of the incidence of Haemophilus influenzae type b meningitis
Authors: B. Sherry
Journal: JAMA (1989)

We conducted a population-based retrospective cohort study to define the annual age-specific incidence of<i>Haemophilus influenzae</i>type b meningitis for birth to 5-year-old residents of King County, Washington, from January 1977 through December 1986. We found naturally occurring wide interannual variations in incidence. The standard deviations of the age-specific incidence during the eight years before the introduction of<i>H influenzae</i>vaccine varied from 26% to 115% of the mean. If short-term changes in incidence were used to assess the efficacy of an<i>H influenzae</i>vaccine (which is &lt;100% efficacious and not administered to all susceptible children), the conclusions could be erroneous. To avoid this bias, long-term cohort studies, case/control studies using concurrent controls, or large clinical trials are better choices. We found no significant change in overall incidence during the ten-year study period. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1989;261:1924-1929)
Chloroquine seizures. Report of four cases
Authors: E. F. Torrey
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Four cases of seizures were associated with therapeutic doses of chloroquine phosphate. This is, to our knowledge, the first specific report of this side effect in the literature. Other serious side effects have been noted, especially those involving the central and peripheral nervous systems. It is possible that such seizures are more common than has been previously noted, and they may be associated with an idiosyncratic reaction to the drug. All four cases had heralding signs of toxicity to which an alert physician must pay attention. It is concluded that chloroquine remains the drug of choice for such diseases as malaria and amebic hepatitis, but there is a narrow margin between a therapeutic and toxic dose and its use should be accompanied by the awareness of possible serious side effects on the central nervous system.
As Others See Us.
Journal: JAMA (1893)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
BOOK REVIEWS
Authors: ANDREW DORR
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1991)

Journal Article BOOK REVIEWS Get access Treatment of Early Breast Cancer: Worldwide Evidence, 1985–1990. Early Breast Cancer Trialists' Collaborative Group.Oxford, England: Oxford University Press , 1990 207 pp. $17.95. ANDREW DORR ANDREW DORR Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 83, Issue 14, 17 July 1991, Pages 1029–1030, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/83.14.1029 Published: 17 July 1991
Safety and Efficacy of Long-Term Open-Label Dosing of Subcutaneous (SC) Romiplostim in Children with Immune Thrombocytopenia (ITP)
Authors: James B. Bussel, Michael D. Tarantino, Victor S. Blanchette, Ashok Raj, Jenny Despotovic, Donald Beam, John Roy, Xuena Wang, Bhakti Mehta, Melissa Eisen
Journal: Blood (2016)
Le pèlerinage de la Mecque au point de vue religieux, social et sanitaire.
Journal: JAMA (1933)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 1329: Preclinical evaluation of TAS6417 as a highly effective, pan-mutation-selective EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor
Authors: Hibiki Udagawa, Shinichi Hasako, Akihiro Ohashi, Naomi Abe, Tomonori Haruma, Toshiharu Komori, Miki Terasaka, Ryoto Fujita, Kaoru Funabashi, Hiroyuki Yasuda, Kazutaka Miyadera, Koichi Goto, Daniel B. Costa, Susumu S. Kobayashi
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Objectives: Three generations of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have developed to treat advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with EGFR mutations. However, each generation of TKI has different spectrum of activity against the different mutations. Currently, no EGFR TKIs are approved for NSCLC with EGFR insertion 20 mutation. Previously, we have shown that TAS6417, a novel EGFR TKI, is effective for cells harboring EGFR insertion mutations in vitro and in vivo. In this study, we asked whether TAS6417 is effective for tumors harboring other EGFR mutations observed in clinic. Methods: Genetically engineered Ba/F3 cells expressing EGFR mutants, lung cancer cell lines including newly established cell lines established from tumors harboring EGFR insertion 20 were used to evaluate efficacy of erlotinib, afatinib, osimertinib, poziotinib, and TAS6417 by cell viability analyses. The selectivity indexes (the wild type EGFR/mutant EGFR ratio) were calculated to predict a therapeutic window for each TKI. Effects of each EGFR TKI on EGFR signaling and apoptosis were evaluated by western blotting. Finally, murine xenograft models were used to evaluate efficacy of TAS6417 and all generation of EGFR TKIs for the treatment of NSCLC with EGFR mutations. Results: Cell viability assays demonstrate that TAS6417 was as potent as poziotinib against common EGFR mutations (L868R and exon 19 deletions) and the most potent against cells harboring the T790M resistant mutations. In addition, TAS6417 was effective in cells harboring EGFR rare mutations (G719X L861Q, and S768I). Even though IC50s were higher than those of poziotinib in cells harboring EGFR insertion 20, the selectivity indexes (the wild type EGFR/mutant EGFR ratio) were higher in TAS6417, indicating a wider therapeutic window. TAS6417 was effective in mice injected with cells harboring EGFR mutations with no body weight loss. Conclusions: Our preclinical results confirm that TAS6417 is a potent EGFR TKI with a broader spectrum of activity and a wider therapeutic window and support clinical trials in the near future. Citation Format: Hibiki Udagawa, Shinichi Hasako, Akihiro Ohashi, Naomi Abe, Tomonori Haruma, Toshiharu Komori, Miki Terasaka, Ryoto Fujita, Kaoru Funabashi, Hiroyuki Yasuda, Kazutaka Miyadera, Koichi Goto, Daniel B. Costa, Susumu S. Kobayashi. Preclinical evaluation of TAS6417 as a highly effective, pan-mutation-selective EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 1329.
Pheochromocytoma
Authors: Robert C. Packman
Journal: JAMA (1970)

Dr. Kent Kreisman, Junior Assistant Resident in Medicine, the Jewish Hospital of St. Louis, and Assistant in Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine: A 23-year-old white man was hospitalized on June 6, 1969, for evaluation of sustained hypertension since the age of 15. There were associated paroxysms of sweating, tachycardia, and occipital headaches in the morning. These episodes had recently increased in frequency and severity despite continued reserpine and diuretic therapy. There was no family history of hypertension, but "two or three" members of the family had died with "kidney disease." Physical examination revealed a healthy young man with only two significant abnormalities: a blood pressure of 178/120 mm Hg and a slightly enlarged, nontender, thyroid gland. At the time of admission, laboratory tests revealed normal values for the following: hematocrit, white blood cell count (WBC), differential count, urinalysis, fasting blood glucose, electrolytes, alkaline phosphatase, lactic dehydrogenase, serum glutamic oxaloacetic
Parenteral aminoglycosides
Journal: JAMA (1977)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
JAMA Psychiatry
Authors: Phil Fontanarosa, Annette Flanagin, Brenda Gregoline, Tracy Frey, Iris Lo, Kevin Brown, Amanda Ehrhardt, M Newman, Suzanne Walker, Connie Manno Senior, Sara Billings, Timothy Gray, Juliet Orellana, Paul Ruich, Kirby Snell, Catherine Alden, Stephanie Beckmeyer, Jane Calayag, Jan Clavey, Mary Coerver-Connolly, Paula Glitman, Laura King, Regina Lilly, Charon Pierson, Rebecca Ritke, Thressa Smith, Divya Sreekumar, Donna Thordsen, Christine Tilles, Caroline Woods, Editorial Assistant, Wanda Hill, Larry Bryant, Jacob Kendall-Taylor, Monica Mungle, Fanny Brown, Anna Bukowski, Lee Calibeo, Lenette Gardner-Gullens, Tosca Hall, Erin Kato, Rachell Lozano, Caroline Sietmann, Angelia Scientifi, Michael Berkwits, Eric Butkus, Jesse Mcquarters, Elena Guobyte, Emily Ling, Daniel Morrow, Hasaballa Ally, Reuben Rios, Mary Ferkaluk, Karen Bucher, Andy Rekito, Nick Reback, Lohitha Kethu, David Song, Deputy Livingston, Thomas Cole, Marla Hall, Deanna Willis, Yolanda Davis, Joseph Thornton, Deanna Bellandi, Jim Periodical, Thomas Easley, Brian Shields, Karen Adams-Taylor, Paul Gee, Monica Smith, Jeff Ery, J Bonistalli, Kathy Russell, Mirna Monal, Stacey Mchugh, Marketing Thornbury, Tricia Castellano, Anna Manager, Thalia Moss, Sade Deramus-Townsend, Tony Ralenkotter, Marsha Fogler, Rachel Sisholtz, Saskia Bolore, Gretchen Linder, Brian Mccartney, Christine Hearne, Natasha Staff, Henry Aguillon, David Baum, Ron Thomas, Rick Bell, Elizabeth Solaro, Sara Zimmerman, Geoff Rey, Lindsay Dawson, Ellen Gibson, Craig Mccaff Rey, Michael Mcgraw, Daniel Pickhardt, Romando Rossini, Sarah Subramanian, Stacy Tucker, Walsh Business, Analyst Sirisha, Alluri Staff, Millette Jackson-Bates, Tom Miller, Morgan Osgood, Karl Elvin, Nancy Essex, Jaye Mize, Sean O'donnell, Sue Managers, David Antos, Anthony Bautista, Chris Borden, Debbie Camp, Jennifer Carney, Lydia Cruz, Scott Curl, Diane Darnell, Nanette Diaz, Jordynn Farrar, Allison Hughes, Colleen Kelly, John Lash, Chris Meyer, Annemarie Neff, J Neff, Sean Ohlson, Phil O'leary, Bill Pedone, Susan Price, Jaynam Shah, Erin Spencer, Denise Steinhauser, Joe Advertising, Production Services, Ahmed Avendano, Kim Boler, Rhonda Brown, Fin Carter, Michael Deegan, Daniel Degroot, Euwanaha Joiner-Smith, Joshua Lane, Cindy Rendlen, Ellen Yoshihara, Circulation Services, Julie Burton, Ronna Hewitt, Mary Sieck, Geneine Someren, Jamaal Vargas, Content Systems, Mike Bujewski, Nathan Mitre, Digital Production, Regina Brownlee, Amanda Camino, Brenda Chandler- Grayer, Emily Dunn, Amy Evers, Maleeka Holden, Teri Hutchison, Dan Knowles, Joshua Lampinen, Natalie Marsh, Patricia Panek, Marla Seidell, La Son, Diggs Sledge, Julian Graphics, Joe Amft, James Collver, Maria Duda, Fred Furtner, Carolyn Hall, Maria Kowalkowski, Proofreading Carol, Joy Farrell, Maria Giannini, Sasha Grossman, Judith Literskis, Teresa Omiotek, Michael Ryder, Sara Dibari, Martin Paulus, Helen Simpson, New York, John Torous, Helena Chmura Kraemer, Palo Alto, California David, Rosenfi Eld, Guido Schwarzer, Linda Valeri, Tyler Vanderweele, Jama Network, Howard Bauchner
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2020)
Wording Error in Results
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2020)

titled "Trends in Mental and Physical Health-Related Quality of Life in Low-Income Older Persons in the United States, 2003 to 2017," 1 published December 18, 2019, there was a wording error in the Results section.The sixth sentence should have read, "A more substantial decrease in mental health, measured as days per month with illness, occurred for those in groupings aged 60 to 64 (2.9 days for 2003 and 3.6 days for 2017), 65 to 69 (2.3 days for 2003 and 3.0 days for 2017), and 70 to 74 (2.2 days for 2003 and 2.4 days for 2017)."This article has been corrected. 1
New Methods Used to Investigate the Control of Mucus Secretion and Ion Transport in Airways
Authors: Brian Davis, Jay A. Nadel
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1980)

Our group developed two in vivo methods to study secretions from submucosal glands in exposed tracheal epithelium. (1) The exposed mucosal surface was coated with powdered tantalum; accumulated secretions produced elevations (hillocks) in the tantalum layer under which the duct openings were located. The rate of formation of the hillocks was observed through a dissecting microscope, and recorded by television on a video tape recorder. (2) Micropipets were used to collect timed samples from individual gland duct openings. With these techniques, the innervation of the submucosal glands and the autonomic regulation of their secretions were studied. We studied the control of ion movement across tracheal epithelium because active ion transport forms local osmotic gradients across epithelia which could regulate transepithelial water movement. We mounted pieces of the posterior wall of dog trachea in Ussing-type chambers and measured unidirectional fluxes of Cl- and Na+ under short-circuit conditions with 36Cl and 24Na. We found active transport of Cl- toward the lumen and Na+ toward the submucosa. With this technique we investigated the effect of parasympathomimetic drugs on ion movement. With a new in vitro method we studied output of 35S bound to sulfated mucins and movement of ions in cat trachea. We mounted pieces of anterior tracheal wall in Ussing-type chambers, added sodium 35S-sulfate to the submucosal side and monitored secretion of bound 35S in samples from the luminal side after dialysis. The unidirectional fluxes of Cl- and Na+ were measured with 36Cl and 22Na. With this method we examined the effect of alpha-adrenergic and beta-adrenergic agonists on mucin secretion and ion movement. Also with this preparation we studied the relationship between the permeability of the paracellular pathway to 14C-sucrose and the pattern of tight junction strands.
PLoS Medicine Issue Image | Vol. 3(4) April 2006
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2006)

Marie Dauenheimer is a Board Certified Medical Illustrator working in the Washington, D. C., Metropolitan area. She specializes in creating medical illustrations and animations for educational materials, including posters, brochures, books, Web sites, and interactive media. Marie received her Bachelor of Arts in Studio Art with minors in Art History and Biological Sciences from the State University of New York at Stony Brook. She received her Master of Arts in Medical and Biological Illustration from The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine. In 1991 Marie started her own business based in Reston, Virginia. She has worked on numerous educational programs and CD-ROMs, as well as print materials for medical clients. Some of her clients include the American College of Cardiology, Scientific American, the National Geographic Society, the National Institutes of Health, the US Food and Drug Administration, the American Red Cross, Genentech, Eli Lilly and Company, and Biogen. In addition to having her own business, Marie has worked as a medical art director and has taught at Parsons School of Design and the Cleveland Institute of Art. Marie is currently teaching drawing and life drawing at the Art Institute of Washington. Image Credit: Marie T. Dauenheimer (dauenheimer [at] erols.com)
Interleukins
Authors: C A Dinarello, J W Mier
Journal: Annual Review of Medicine (1986)

Interleukins are polypeptides that act on leukocytes and other tissue targets. Interleukin-1, produced by macrophages and other cells, activates lymphocytes and also induces several components of the host's acute-phase response to infection and injury. Interleukin-2, produced by T lymphocytes, is a growth factor for helper, suppressor, and cytotoxic T lymphocytes. By several criteria, interleukins can be considered the hormones that regulate immune and inflammatory responses.
BOOK REVIEWS
Authors: DAVID G. BRAGG
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1992)

BOOK REVIEWS Radiology in the Management of Cancer R. J. Johnson , B. Eddleston , R. D. Hunter , eds. Edinburgh : Churchill Livingstone , 1990 472 pp., illus. $125 DAVID G. BRAGG DAVID G. BRAGG Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 84, Issue 6, 18 March 1992, Page 446, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/84.6.446 Published: 18 March 1992
Studies on the Mechanism of 1,3-Butadiene-Induced Leukemogenesis: The Potential Role of Endogenous Murine Leukemia Virus
Authors: Richard D. Irons
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1990)

Previous studies have revealed marked differences in the incidence of leukemia between rats and mice exposed to 1,3-butadiene that do not appear to be readily explained on the basis of pharmacokinetics or metabolism. Chronic exposure to 1,3-butadiene results in a high incidence of thymic lymphoma in B6C3F1 mice that is not observed in Sprague-Dawley rats. Studies at the Chemical Industry Institute of Toxicology have focused on evaluating the potential of endogenous ecotropic retroviral background to influence susceptibility to 1,3-butadiene leukemogenesis. These studies have compared the pathogenesis and incidence of thymic lymphoma between B6C3F1 and NIH Swiss mice. Proviral ecotropic sequences are truncated in the NIH Swiss mouse, and the virus is not expressed. Chronic exposure to 1,3-butadiene (1250 ppm) for up to 1 year resulted in a fourfold difference in the incidence of thymic lymphoma between B6C3F1 and NIH Swiss mice. These results provide presumptive evidence for retrovirus involvement since NIH Swiss mice lack ecotropic viruses and appear to be relatively resistant to induction of lymphoma by 1,3-butadiene. Other explanations appear to be less likely in light of the fact that target organ toxicity has been determined to be virtually identical between the two strains during the preleukemic phase of 1,3-butadiene exposure.
Increase in dendritic cell migration markers CCR7 and CCR9 in the neo-terminal ileum of postoperative crohn's disease: an adaptive response to bacterial exposure?
Authors: A. U. Murugananthan, N. Arebi, D. Bernardo, C. T. Tee, E. R. Mann, P. Tozer, A. L. Hart, S. C. Knight, H. O. Al-Hassi
Journal: Gut (2011)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Gut dendritic cells (DCs) are crucial in bacterial recognition, T cell signalling and inflammatory regulation. DC TLR expression is altered in CD: increased on myeloid DC (MDC) in colonic CD and reduced on plasmacytoid DCs (PDC) in postoperative CD (POCD) ileum. In active CD, peripheral CD4 and CD8 T cells showed increased intestinal homing with high CCR9 levels. In Crohn9s colonic tissues, CCR7, a homing marker crucial for DC trafficking to mesenteric lymph nodes, was elevated compared with controls. Additionally CCR7 expression on MDC is higher in ileal compared with colonic tissue in CD. CCR7 and CCR9 expression on DC in POCD is unknown. After ileo-caecal resection the neo-terminal ileum is exposed to the bacteria rich contents of the colon. The authors hypothesise that alteration in gut microflora after surgery may modulate expression of homing markers on DC from POCD patients. The authors aimed to examine homing marker expression on MDC and PDC from the ileum and the colon in healthy controls (HC) and POCD patients. <h3>Methods</h3> HC and POCD patients were identified at colonoscopy. Intestinal lamina propria mononuclear cells were collected using collagenase digestion and labelled with directly conjugated monoclonal antibodies to CCR7 and 9. PDC and MDC were characterised as CD11c+ve and –ve respectively and expression of CCR7 and 9 by multicolour flow cytometry measured. Statistical analysis was via unpaired <i>t</i> tests. In experiments with paired colonic and ileal samples paired <i>t</i> tests were performed. <h3>Results</h3> In paired samples, HC ileal CCR9+ve PDC concentrations were lower than colonic PDC (26.46±10.43/ml SEM vs 53.76±20.16/ml SEM, p&lt;0.05). However, POCD ileal CCR9+ve PDC did not differ from colonic concentrations (108.0±33.24/ml SEM vs 93.1±43.01/ml SEM, p=NS). There were significantly higher concentrations of CCR9+ve and CCR7+ve PDCs within ileal POCD compared with ileum normal controls (103.8±22.64/ml vs 37.68±7.434/ml, p=0.039 and 117.4±26.97/ml SEM vs 40.47±3.97/ml SEM, p=0.03). No differences in MDC concentrations of both homing markers in all types of tissue existed. <h3>Conclusion</h3> POCD neo-terminal ileum showed higher CCR7+ve and CCR9+ve PDC than normal ileum. This novel finding indicates a potential role for PDC in CD pathogenesis. The loss of the ileocaecal valve in POCD may alter microbiota flora exposure in the ileum with an adaptive response of CCR9+ve DC to a level seen in normal colonic tissue. Additionally, this may induce migration of PDC by upregulation of CCR7 expression. Further studies to examine the changes with disease progression may unravel the function of PDC in ileal POCD tissues.