tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
NF-?B binding is elevated in hepatoma variant cells lacking the HNF4?HNF1 hierarchical pathway , Pediatric Research Institute, St. Louis University Health Sciences Center, St. Louis, MO
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

The mammalian aldehyde dehydrogenase-3 gene (ALDH3) exhibits several aspects of tissue-specific expression. Certain normal tissues, such as the cornea, constitutively expressALDH3at very high levels. Other tissues, such as normal liver, do not expressALDH3.In liver,ALDH3is inducible by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon xenobiotics by an Ah-receptor (AhR)-mediated pathway in which a liganded AhR complexes with nuclear ARNT protein, and the complex binds to a xenobiotic response element (XRE) sequence located near −3.0 kb in theALDH35′ flanking region and initiates transcription. We used our recently developed rat corneal epithelium culture model (Boeschet al., J. Biol. Chem.271, 5150–5157, 1996) to study the molecular basis of constitutiveALDH3expression. Transient transfection assays of corneal epithelium using a battery ofALDH35′ flanking region–CAT reporter gene constructs indicate that high constitutiveALDH3expression involves the samecis-acting elements as xenobiotic-inducedALDH3expression in liver. These elements include a strong basal promoter region and the XRE located near −3.0 kb. Western analysis confirms the presence of AhR and ARNT proteins in 3-methylcholanthrene-treated rat liver, as well as ARNT protein in rat corneal epithelium. No AhR protein is found in rat cornea. The −3.0-kbALDH3XRE region contains multiple overlapping transcription factor binding sequences, including consensus sites for AhR, ARNT, HNF1, HNF4, and C/ebp. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSAs) indicate that constitutive expression ofALDH3in cornea involves binding of ARNT, HNF1, and HNF4 to theALDH3–XRE in an Ah-receptor-independent, ARNT-requiring manner. Transient transfection ofALDH3–CAT reporter gene constructs possessing a mutation in either the ARNT- or HNF4–DNA binding sites of the XRE confirms the functional importance of these sequence motifs in constitutiveALDH3expression.
Regulation of the ?2(I) collagen gene transcription in fat-storing cells derived from a cirrhotic liver*1
Authors: Y INAGAKI
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

Fat-storing cells (FSC) are the main producers of type I collagen in both normal and fibrotic livers. In order to elucidate the molecular mechanisms controlling collagen expression in FSC, we examined the transcription of the α2(I) collagen gene (COL1A2) in two distinct FSC clones, CFSC-2G and CFSC-5H, derived from a single CC14-induced cirrhotic liver. The phenotype of CFSC-2G resembles freshly isolated FSC, whereas that of CFSC5H mimics activated myofibroblasts. Cell transfection experiments showed that the upstream sequence between nucleotides -378 and -183 is essential for COL1A2 transcription in both FSC clones. This is the same promoter region that is transcriptionally active and contains the binding site of a multimeric protein complex that mediates TGF-β stimulation of COL1A2 expression in dermal fibroblasts. We therefore examined the relative levels of endogenous and transfected COL1A2 transcription and their response to TGF-β treatment in the two FSC clones. The results showed that CFSC-5H expresses a significantly higher level of the COL1A2 mRNA than CFSC-2G. They also showed that TGF-β treatment increases both endogenous and transfected COL1A2 transcription in CFSC-2G but not in CFSC-5H. Interestingly, nuclear proteins from both FSC clones bind to the TGF-β-responsive element more strongly than those from dermal fibroblasts. Altogether, the data suggest that collagen production in CFSC-5H cells has been already activated by the autocrine stimulation of TGF-β. In contrast, CFSC-2G cells are only partially activated but can be easily recruited to produce collagen when stimulated by exogenous TGF-β. Thus, we conclude that FSC activation during hepatofibrogenesis is probably a multistep process that involves autocrine and paracrine stimulation by TGF-β.
Psychiatric symptoms in adolescents. A challenge of the 1960's
Authors: P. G. Beckett
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Large numbers of adolescents are currently being referred to physicians, especially psychiatrists, for disturbed behavior. Which of these cases really belong within the field of medicine? Attempts to answer this have included efforts to demonstrate specific syndromes, to demonstrate nonutopian behavior or conflicts, and to evaluate motivation for change. Another approach is to define disturbed behavior as "nonaverage," implying that the patient's behavior should be compared to the average in his social environment. None of these are completely satisfactory, but it is clear that the social environment is of great importance to adolescents. Since this is so, treatment should harness group forces as well as individual ones. These include the following: emphasis on a responsive group environment to facilitate the learning of socially appropriate behavior; controlled emotional arousal to promote identification with appropriate adults; and encouragement of peer-group forces which emphasize leadership, responsibility, and foresight.
Highlights
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2018)

Time to Treatment and Outcomes in Pediatric Status Epilepticus 410Clinical studies have demonstrated that administration of first-line benzodiazepine treatment within 10 minutes of seizure onset for pediatric patients with refractory convulsive status epilepticus is associated with lessened seizure duration, but it is not known whether treatment delay is associated with major adverse outcomes.In a multicenter observational study, Gaínza-Lein and coauthors included 218 pediatric patients from 11 tertiary hospitals.Seventy-four patients received first-line treatment within 10 minutes of seizure onset, and 144 received delayed treatment.Late treatment was associated with an increased need for continuous infusions, longer convulsive duration, more frequent hypotension, and death.Editorial perspective is provided by Patel.
Does Physical Fitness of Today's Children Foretell the Shape of Tomorrow's Adult America?
Authors: Jody W. Zylke
Journal: JAMA (1988)

ARE AMERICAN adults fitness fanatics or couch potatoes? Similarly, are children naturally active and fit or too sedentary? A recent study attempts to resolve these contrary perceptions by assessing activity patterns and fitness levels of young children and by investigating the factors affecting fitness. The National Children and Youth Fitness Study II, while not answering the question of whether the nation's younger children are more or less fit than in the recent past, suggests that their preparation for lifetime physical activity may be inadequate and provides a basis for future comparisons. Physical fitness in adults, of course, has been associated with a decreased risk of coronary heart disease, diabetes, obesity, and osteoporosis. Although no studies have directly examined the relationship between exercise patterns in childhood and fitness or health in adults, it seems "logical to expect that the experiences of kids would bear on their activity habits later in life,"
Longitudinal study of error prevalence in Pennsylvania physicians' office laboratories
Authors: M. J. Bloch
Journal: JAMA (1988)

We examined the results of the low-volume—laboratory proficiency testing program for new physician office participants in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. Serum glucose, hemoglobin, urinalysis, throat culture, urine culture, and Gram's stain were included in the study. Quarterly error rates for each analyte were determined; between one fourth and all of the laboratories that made at least one error during the first two quarters of proficiency testing made at least one more error in the same analyte during the subsequent two quarters. We show that participation in the quarterly proficiency testing program for a 12- to 15-month period did not lead to a measurable increase in performance. For proficiency testing to be effective, we suggest that it be supplemented by additional methods to lower error rates, such as regulation or intensive consultation and training services for personnel of physicians' office laboratories. (<i>JAMA</i>1988;260:230-235)
Progress Toward Consensus on Breast Cancer Screening Guidelines and Reducing Screening Harms—Reply
Authors: Karla Kerlikowske
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Tumor-Associated Antigens
Authors: Stanley E. Order
Journal: JAMA (1973)

There are obvious differences between Hodgkin's disease and other malignant neoplasms. Perhaps most striking are the derangement of the immunologic system and the preponderance of the normal-appearing reactive patient's cells (lymphocytes, histiocytes, and eosinophils) with relatively few neoplastic-appearing reticulum cells and Sternberg-Reed cells in Hodgkin's disease. In contrast, other malignant neoplasms have greater numbers of the neoplastic cells and few, if any, reactive cells. Further, the association of an improved prognosis with lymphocyte predominance in Hodgkin's disease and the poorer prognosis when lymphocytes are depleted suggested that immunity played an active and important role in the disease. These features suggested an investigation of possible associated antigens in Hodgkin's disease. In our studies, we have utilized the unique opportunity provided by staging, laparotomy, and splenectomy to obtain Hodgkin's nodules from splenic and nodal tissue that has not been modified by irradiation or chemotherapy. These tissues are used to immunize rabbits. The
Nobel Prize
Journal: JAMA (2002)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A NEW EDITOR
Authors: J. R. E.
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1960)

Editorials1 November 1960A NEW EDITORJ. R. E.J. R. E.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-53-5-1089 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe annals of internal medicine has a new Editor. This fact presents the readers, the writers, and the Editor with a very real measure of uncertainty. The reader is uncertain of the future character of the journal, of the type of material that will be presented to him, of its usefulness to him as a physician. The contributor is uncertain not only of the suitability of his paper to the journal but of the reverse, as well. The new Editor is the most uncertain of all for his is the problem that faces each new generation in every process of... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: J. R. E. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byAnnals of Internal Medicine: The First 50 YearsEDWARD J. HUTH, M.D., F.A.C.P., KATHLEEN C. VAN STEENBURGHJ. Russell Elkinton, M.D., M.A.C.P.: A TributeMARSHALL N. FULTON, M.D. 1 November 1960Volume 53, Issue 5 Page: 1089-1090 Keywords Forecasting ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 November 1960 PDF downloadLoading ...
Out-of-pocket costs and financial toxicity experienced by patients in early-phase clinical trials.
Authors: Ryan Huey, Goldy George, Penny Phillips, Revenda White, Siqing Fu, Filip Janku, Daniel D. Karp, Aung Naing, Sarina Anne Piha-Paul, Vivek Subbiah, Apostolia Maria Tsimberidou, Shubham Pant, Timothy A Yap, Jordi Rodon Ahnert, Funda Meric-Bernstam, Ya-Chen T. Shih, David S. Hong
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2019)

8 Background: Clinical trials are an important therapeutic option for cancer patients. Although financial burden in cancer treatment is well-described, the financial burden associated with clinical trials is not well understood, especially for patients with lower socioeconomic status. Methods: We conducted a survey regarding economic burden and financial toxicity among cancer patients on Phase I clinical trials for at least 1 month. Financial Toxicity Score (FTS) was assessed using the validated COmprehensive Score for Financial Toxicity (COST) survey (scale 0-44, lower scores indicating worse financial toxicity). Patients also reported monthly out of pocket (OOP) medical and non-medical expenses. Results: Of 147 consecutive patients approached, 105 agreed to participate; median age = 60y; 62% female; 49% had annual income &lt; $60K; 50% lived &lt; 300 miles from the clinic; 34% required air travel; 41% had Medicare, 50% had employer sponsored insurance. Median FTS = 20, with interquartile range of 12.5. Median monthly OOP costs for non-medical expenses was $985, and for medical expenses was $475. Median total monthly OOP costs was $1695. Compared to patients in the highest quartile of FTS, a significantly lower % of patients in the lowest (worst) quartile of FTS had incomes &gt; $60K (27% v. 77%, P &lt; 0.001), and a significantly higher % were unemployed or not working outside the home (54% v. 12%, P = 0.001), and incurred higher than expected medical (39% vs. 12%, P = 0.025) and non-medical (64% vs. 15%, P = 0.003) expenses. Compared with patients for whom medical costs were not much higher than expected, a significantly higher % of patients with medical costs much higher than expected were non-White (77% v. 46%, P = 0.004) and unemployed/not working outside the home (46% v. 19%, P = 0.009). Conclusions: Among cancer patients participating on clinical trials, economic burden is high and financial toxicity is disproportionally higher in patients with lower income. OOP costs can be substantial and are often unexpected for patients.
MATERNAL IMPRESSIONS.
Authors: J. W. ROBINSON
Journal: JAMA (1907)

The article and discussion on "Superstition in Teratology" inThe Journal, Jan. 26, 1907, prompts me to report the following case, as I believe that only collection and comparison of statistics, in addition to careful study of cases, will clear up the subject. <h3>Patient.</h3> —Mrs. T., aged 36, American, white, mother of five children. <h3>History.</h3> —The youngest child is 4 years old. At the age of eighteen months it suffered from what was evidently anterior poliomyelitis, but had no medical attention. Before the attack the child was able to walk, but following the attack it was unable to do so. Six months later the parents consulted a physician who diagnosed the trouble as "hip disease." He did little in the way of treatment, and did not help the child any. Examination of the child in November, 1906, by Dr. W. F. Howard and myself, showed a talipes equinovarus of the
Abstract 3456: Distinct control of PERIOD2 degradation and circadian rhythms by the oncoprotein MDM2
Authors: Xianlin Zou, Jingjing Liu, Tetsuya Gotoh, Anne M. Brown, Liang Jiang, Esther L. Wisdom, Jae Kyoung Kim, Carla V. Finkielstein
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract The circadian clock relies on post-translational modifications to set the timing for degradation of core regulatory components and, thus, sets clock progression. Ubiquitin-modifying enzymes targeting clock components for degradation are known to mostly recognize phosphorylated substrates. A case in point is the circadian factor PERIOD 2 (PER2) whose phospho-specific turnover involves its recognition by β-transducin repeat containing proteins (β-TrCPs). Yet, the existence of this unique mode of regulation of PER2’s stability falls short of explaining persistent oscillatory phenotypes reported in biological systems lacking functional elements of the phospho-dependent PER2 degradation machinery. In this study, we challenge the phosphorylation-centric view that PER2 degradation enhances circadian rhythm robustness by i) identifying the PER2:MDM2 endogenous complex, ii) establishing PER2 as a previously uncharacterized substrate for MDM2, iii) revealing an alternative phosphorylation-independent mechanism for PER2 ubiquitin-mediated degradation, iv) pinpointing residues for ubiquitin modification, and v) establishing the importance of MDM2-mediated PER2 turnover for defining the circadian period length. Our results not only expand MDM2’s suite of specific substrates beyond the cell cycle to include circadian components but also uncover novel regulatory players that likely impact our view of how other mechanisms crosstalk and modulate the clock itself. Citation Format: Xianlin Zou, Jingjing Liu, Tetsuya Gotoh, Anne M. Brown, Liang Jiang, Esther L. Wisdom, Jae Kyoung Kim, Carla V. Finkielstein. Distinct control of PERIOD2 degradation and circadian rhythms by the oncoprotein MDM2 [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 3456.
Archives of Dermatology, Chicago
Journal: JAMA (1970)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
SIR JOHN SIMON, SURGEON AND SANITARIAN (1816-1904)
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Molecular analysis of bacterial pathogens in otitis media with effusion
Authors: J. C. Post
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To determine if the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) can detect bacterial DNA in pediatric middle ear effusions that are sterile by standard cultural methods. <h3>Design.</h3> —Single-center, blinded, comparative study of diagnostic assays. The PCR-based detection systems for<i>Moraxella catarrhalis, Haemophilus influenzae</i>, and<i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i>were designed and validated using a battery of DNAs obtained from cultured bacteria. Chronic middle ear effusion specimens were collected and comparatively analyzed by culture and the PCR. <h3>Setting.</h3> —Tertiary care pediatric hospital. <h3>Patients.</h3> —A total of 97 middle ear effusions were collected from pediatric outpatients at Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh (Pa) during myringotomy and tube placement for chronic otitis media with effusion (duration &gt;3 months). All patients had failed multiple courses of antimicrobial therapy and were diagnosed by a combination of validated otoscopy and tympanograms. <h3>Main Outcome Measure.</h3> —Differences in the percentage of positive test results between PCR-based assays and culture for<i>M catarrhalis, H influenzae</i>, and<i>S pneumoniae</i>. <h3>Results.</h3> —Of the 97 specimens of otitis media with effusion, 28 (28.9%) tested positive by both culture and PCR for<i>M catarrhalis, H influenzae</i>, or<i>S pneumoniae</i>. An additional 47 specimens (48%) were PCR positive/culture negative for these three bacterial species. Thus, 75 (77.3%) of the 97 specimens tested PCR positive for one or more of the three test organisms. The minimum number of bacterial genomic equivalents present in the average culture-negative ear was estimated to be greater than 10<sup>4</sup>based on dilutional experiments. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —The PCR-based assay systems can detect the presence of bacterial DNA in a significant percentage of culturally sterile middle ear effusions. While this finding is not proof of an active bacterial infectious process, the large number of bacterial genomic equivalents present in the ears is suggestive of an active process. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1995;273:1598-1604)