tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Effectiveness of Colonoscopy in Reducing Mortality From Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Stephen M. Picca
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2009)

Letters2 June 2009The Effectiveness of Colonoscopy in Reducing Mortality From Colorectal CancerStephen M. Picca, MDStephen M. Picca, MDFrom Massapequa, NY 11758.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-150-11-200906020-00016 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:In their recent study (1), Baxter and colleagues do not discuss what sedation, if any, the patients received. Although the study took place in Canada, it has become increasingly common in the United States for a separate anesthesia care provider to be present during colonoscopies both to ensure the safety of the patient and to provide a deeper level of sedation. This deeper level of sedation presumably provides the endoscopist a better opportunity for conducting a thorough examination, especially in the right side of the colon. The fact that about 70% of the procedures were performed by ...Reference1. Baxter NN, Goldwasser MA, Paszat LF, Saskin R, Urbach DR, Rabeneck L. Association of colonoscopy and death from colorectal cancer. Ann Intern Med. 2009;150:1-8. [PMID: 19075198] LinkGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Massapequa, NY 11758.Disclosures: None disclosed. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoAssociation of Colonoscopy and Death From Colorectal Cancer Nancy N. Baxter , Meredith A. Goldwasser , Lawrence F. Paszat , Refik Saskin , David R. Urbach , and Linda Rabeneck The Effectiveness of Colonoscopy in Reducing Mortality From Colorectal Cancer Perry J. Pickhardt , David H. Kim , and Cesare Hassan The Effectiveness of Colonoscopy in Reducing Mortality From Colorectal Cancer Joseph Romagnuolo , Alan N. Barkun , and Amee R. Manges The Effectiveness of Colonoscopy in Reducing Mortality From Colorectal Cancer Nancy N. Baxter and Linda Rabeneck The Effectiveness of Colonoscopy in Reducing Mortality From Colorectal Cancer Jordan J. Karlitz The Effectiveness of Colonoscopy in Reducing Mortality From Colorectal Cancer Sanford D. Markowitz , Steven H. Itzkowitz , and Barry M. Berger The Effectiveness of Colonoscopy in Reducing Mortality From Colorectal Cancer Amit Gupta and David A. Ahlquist The Effectiveness of Colonoscopy in Reducing Mortality From Colorectal Cancer Noel S. Weiss and V. Paul Doria-Rose Metrics 2 June 2009Volume 150, Issue 11Page: 818KeywordsAnesthesiaColonColonoscopyIntubationPatient advocacySafetySafety studiesSedationSurgeons ePublished: 2 June 2009 Issue Published: 2 June 2009 CopyrightCopyright © 2009 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
SAT0363 A Systematic Literature Review on The Treatment of Skin, Mucosa and Joint Involvement of Behçet's Syndrome Informing The Eular Recommendations for The Management of Behçet's Syndrome
Authors: P. Leccese, Y. Ozguler, R. Christensen, S.N. Esatoglu, I. Olivieri, H. Yazici, G. Hatemi
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2016)

<h3>Objectives</h3> The aim of this systematic literature review was to inform the task force for updating the European League Against Rheumatism recommendations for the management of Behçet9s Syndrome (BS), about the evidence for treatment of skin, mucosa and joint involvement of BS. <h3>Methods</h3> A systematic literature search, data extraction and statistical analyses according to pre-specified and protocolised eligibility criteria were performed using the GRADE approach. The protocol for the review was registered and is available at PROSPERO (CRD42015027033). The Cochrane Library, including the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (CDSR), Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects (DARE), Health Technology Assessments (HTA), MEDLINE (from 1950), EMBASE (from 1980) and International Pharmaceutical Abstracts Database (IPAD) were systematically searched. Randomised controlled trials (RCT), non-randomised controlled clinical trials and open label trials (OLT) on BS comparing an active intervention (alone or in combination) with any control or placebo were eligible. If controlled trials were not available for answering a specific research question, uncontrolled evidence from cohort studies or case series involving ≥5 patients were considered. The quality of evidence was assessed by using the GRADE approach. Risk ratios were calculated for the binary outcomes whereas for the continuous outcomes we calculated the standardized mean difference (SMD). <h3>Results</h3> Among the 3927 references that we have screened, 22 studies satisfied the inclusion criteria for mucocutaneous involvement and 15 studies for joint involvement. Seventeen of these studies were RCTs assessing mucocutaneous and/or joint involvement. RCTs with colchicine, azathioprine, interferon-alpha, thalidomide, etanercept and apremilast showed different levels of beneficial results on different types of skin and mucosa lesions and arthritis. Differences in the outcome measures that were used across the included studies made it difficult to compare the results. These agents were generally well tolerated with few adverse events causing withdrawal from the study in BS patients. <h3>Conclusions</h3> It was gratifying to see that randomised trials formed the majority (17/22, 77%) of the sources forming the basis for the recommendations related to skin mucosa and joint involvement in the updated EULAR recommendations for the management of BS. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Summary Report of NCI Ad Hoc Working Groups on Mammography in Screening for Breast Cancer
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1977)

Journal Article Summary Report of NCI Ad Hoc Working Groups on Mammography in Screening for Breast Cancer Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 59, Issue 2, August 1977, Pages 471–472, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/59.2.471 Published: 01 August 1977
Anaphylaxis and Stinging Insect Hypersensitivity
Authors: Martin D. Valentine
Journal: JAMA (1987)

<h3>ANAPHYLAXIS</h3> ANAPHYLAXIS as a full-blown medical emergency represents only a fraction of the acute allergic events with systemic manifestations for which this term can be used. The word<i>anaphylaxis</i>(backward protection) was coined by Portier and Richet<sup>1</sup>to describe the increased susceptibility of dogs to repeated injections of sea anemone toxin. Only later was it realized that the reactions of the reinjected dogs were due to hypersensitivity rather than to the loss of a normal protective mechanism. <i>Anaphylaxis</i>is now used to refer generically to the signs and symptoms resulting from the antigen-induced, IgE-mediated release or formation of chemical mediators whose target organs are primarily blood vessels and smooth muscle.<sup>2</sup>This might even include locally restricted, IgE-mediated reactions such as when airborne pollen grains cause allergic rhinoconjunctivitis after deposition on moist conjunctival and nasal membranes. However, it is more customary to regard anaphylaxis as one of several similar
Decreased susceptibility to renovascular hypertension in mice lacking the prostaglandin I2 receptor IP
Authors: Takayuki Fujino, Naoki Nakagawa, Koh-ichi Yuhki, Akiyoshi Hara, Takehiro Yamada, Koji Takayama, Shuhko Kuriyama, Yayoi Hosoki, Osamu Takahata, Takanobu Taniguchi, Jun Fukuzawa, Naoyuki Hasebe, Kenjiro Kikuchi, Shuh Narumiya, Fumitaka Ushikubi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2004)

Persistent reduction of renal perfusion pressure induces renovascular hypertension by activating the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system; however, the sensing mechanism remains elusive. Here we investigated the role of PGI2 in renovascular hypertension in vivo, employing mice lacking the PGI2 receptor (IP–/– mice). In WT mice with a two-kidney, one-clip model of renovascular hypertension, the BP was significantly elevated. The increase in BP in IP–/– mice, however, was significantly lower than that in WT mice. Similarly, the increases in plasma renin activity, renal renin mRNA, and plasma aldosterone in response to renal artery stenosis were all significantly lower in IP–/– mice than in WT mice. All these parameters were measured in mice lacking the four PGE2 receptor subtypes individually, and we found that these mice had similar responses to WT mice. PGI2 is produced by COX-2 and a selective inhibitor of this enzyme, SC-58125, also significantly reduced the increases in plasma renin activity and renin mRNA expression in WT mice with renal artery stenosis, but these effects were absent in IP–/– mice. When the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system was activated by salt depletion, SC-58125 blunted the response in WT mice but not in IP–/– mice. These results indicate that PGI2 derived from COX-2 plays a critical role in regulating the release of renin and consequently renovascular hypertension in vivo.
Co-formulated bictegravir, emtricitabine, and tenofovir alafenamide versus dolutegravir with emtricitabine and tenofovir alafenamide for initial treatment of HIV-1 infection: week 96 results from a randomised, double-blind, multicentre, phase 3, non-inferiority trial
Authors: Hans-Jürgen Stellbrink, José R Arribas, Jeffrey L Stephens, Helmut Albrecht, Paul E Sax, Franco Maggiolo, Catherine Creticos, Claudia T Martorell, Xuelian Wei, Rima Acosta, Sean E Collins, Diana Brainard, Hal Martin
Journal: The Lancet HIV (2019)
Relationship between Molecular Connectivity and Carcinogenic Activity: A Confirmation with a New Software Program Based on Graph Theory
Authors: Davide Malacarne, Raffaele Pesenti, Massimo Paolucci, Silvio Parodi
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1993)

For a database of 826 chemicals tested for carcinogenicity, we fragmented the structural formula of the chemicals into all possible contiguous-atom fragments with size between two and eight (nonhydrogen) atoms. The fragmentation was obtained using a new software program based on graph theory. We used 80% of the chemicals as a training set and 20% as a test set. The two sets were obtained by random sorting. From the training sets, an average (8 computer runs with independently sorted chemicals) of 315 different fragments were significantly (p < 0.125) associated with carcinogenicity or lack thereof. Even using this relatively low level of statistical significance, 23% of the molecules of the test sets lacked significant fragments. For 77% of the molecules of the test sets, we used the presence of significant fragments to predict carcinogenicity. The average level of accuracy of the predictions in the test sets was 67.5%. Chemicals containing only positive fragments were predicted with an accuracy of 78.7%. The level of accuracy was around 60% for chemicals characterized by contradictory fragments or only negative fragments. In a parallel manner, we performed eight paired runs in which carcinogenicity was attributed randomly to the molecules of the training sets. The fragments generated by these pseudo-training sets were devoid of any predictivity in the corresponding test sets. Using an independent software program, we confirmed (for the complex biological endpoint of carcinogenicity) the validity of a structure-activity relationship approach of the type proposed by Klopman and Rosenkranz with their CASE program.
Genotyping of circulating tumor DNA in biliary tract cancer reveals diagnostic and prognostic information.
Authors: Andreas Wolfgang Berger, Thomas Jens Ettrich, Daniel Schwerdel, Anna Dolnik, Florian Beuter, Tamara J. Blätte, Stefan A. Schmidt, Nora Stanescu, Jochen Steinacker, Ralf Marienfeld, Alexander Kleger, Lars Bullinger, Thomas Seufferlein
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2018)

e16147 Background: Biliary tract cancer (BTC) ranks beyond 10th in western world tumor statistics, but shows increasing incidence and is associated with a high mortality. Diagnosis is difficult due to the frequently occurring inaccessibility of the tumor for biopsy. Noninvasive approaches for (i) assessing and (ii) monitoring the tumor-specific molecular setup are desirable to improve diagnosis and tailor treatment. Methods: Blood and tumor tissue samples from patients with locally advanced or metastatic BTC were collected prior to and during palliative treatment. Tumor tissue and corresponding ctDNA samples were subjected to targeted resequencing of 15 genes frequently mutated in BTC (TP53, KRAS, ARID1A, BAP1, PBRM1, PIK3CA, SMAD4, FBXW7, IDH1, BCL2, BRAF, CDKN2A, ERBB2, IDH2, NRAS). Findings were correlated with clinical and imaging data. Results: 24 therapy naive patients with histologically confirmed BTC were included into the analyses. The mutational concordance (blood/tissue) was 74% overall and 92% for intrahepatic tumors only. Mean variant allele frequency (VAF) detected in tumor tissue was significantly higher compared to ctDNA (p = 0.0291). In turn, the sequencing depth for ctDNA was about double of that for tissue samples (1010x vs. 465x), enabling the detection of variants in ctDNA. ctDNA VAF at baseline significantly correlated with tumor load (Spearman, r = 0.4073, p = 0.0433). Interestingly, for intrahepatic BTC baseline ctDNA VAF also significantly correlated with progression-free survival (Spearman, r = -0.5878, p = 0.0288). 36% of therapy naive patients had a change in their mutational profile during chemotherapy. Conclusions: The molecular landscape of BTC is represented in ctDNA, especially in intrahepatic BTC. In this subgroup the baseline VAF in ctDNA was also of prognostic significance. Additionally, we detected hints for tumor evolution in a relevant portion of the analyzed BTC patients during chemotherapy, which have to be further investigated. Altogether, ctDNA analysis in BTC may support diagnosis, prognosis and the adaption of therapeutic strategies according to the specific molecular setup of the tumor detected at any time point during chemotherapy.
Evaluation, certification, and licensure in medicine. New directions
Authors: J. P. Hubbard
Journal: JAMA (1973)

The National Board of Medical Examiners, following a report of its Committee on Goals and Priorities, is proposing a long-range plan that includes educational achievement examinations during medical school and a single qualifying examination on graduation from medical school. This plan, together with the medical school's evaluation, would enable state boards to grant a permit to practice medicine under supervision during graduate education. A full license for independent practice would then be awarded by the state board following specialty board certification. For those who are not certified by a specialty board, alternate prerequisites for licensure would be determined by the state boards. These long-range goals will require intensive research in evaluation methods and can be achieved only if supported by the many interdependent professional organizations involved in the education and evaluation of physicians.
Office Cardiology
Authors: Irving S. Wright
Journal: JAMA (1980)

While many of the exciting developments in cardiovascular medicine either have been surgical or have involved technical equipment and skills requiring hospital services, the importance of the office management of cardiovascular problems has not diminished. In fact, the key decisions regarding "what to do next" are most often made at the office level. <i>Office Cardiology</i>consists of a series of presentations analyzing the new methods for making these decisions. Chapters dealing with the upto-date approach to the evaluation and treatment of murmurs, arrhythmias, failure, hypertension, angina, congenital heart disease, cardiomyopathies, and peripheral vascular diseases contain new and useful information. Discussions of the indications and limitations of technical advances include echocardiography, catheterization, arteriography, exercise testing, and pacemakers. The subject of thromboembolism in cardiovascular disease is not dealt with in proportion to its importance; briefly mentioned in relation to mitral stenosis, it is not adequately discussed in terms of chronic atrial fibrillation
American Climatological Association.
Journal: JAMA (1883)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
THE HISTORY OF MEDICINE IN THE UNITED STATES.PHYSICIANS AND THE AUTOMOBILE.
Journal: JAMA (2001)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Nordisk Medicin, Stockholm
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Public and professionals differ in who deserves donor livers
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Mortality is high in treated hypertensionAlthough treatment of hypertension reduces cardiovascular complications, the long term prognosis of treated hypertension is virtually unknown.For over 20 years Andersson et al (p 167) studied 686 men treated for hypertension.Compared with controls they showed a significantly increased mortality especially from myocardial infarction.The prognosis was apparent only after 10-12 years.Serum cholesterol concentration was one of the most important risk factors for dying from myocardial infarction.
In-111 Labeled Purified Granulocytes in the Diagnosis of Synthetic Vascular Graft Infections
Authors: PAUL THOMAS, LEE FORSTROM
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1994)

Indium-111 labeled enriched granulocytes should have improved accuracy in diagnosing synthetic vascular graft infections compared to labeled mixed leukocyte preparations because of the reduced numbers of reinjected erythrocytes and platelets, thereby reducing blood pool and nonspecific platelet adhesion to the graft. To test the use of enriched granulocytes in the diagnosis of vascular graft infections, the authors reviewed 153 studies in 106 patients. All were imaged with In-111 oxine labeled enriched autologous granulocytes prepared using Volex (American Critical Care, McGaw Park, IL) enhanced gravity sedimentation and Ficoll-Hypaque (Pharmacia Biotech, Piscataway, NJ; Winthrop Pharmaceuticals, New York, NY) double density centrifugation. The diagnosis of infection was established or refuted based on operative appearance of infection in one third of patients, and the clinical course over a mean 10-month follow-up period in the remainder. Of those patients with infection, 29 of 43 had positive imaging results that yielded a sensitivity of 67%. Of 100 patients without infection, 97 had negative imaging results that yielded a specificity of 97%. Compared to pooled data of studies using In-111 oxine labeled mixed leukocyte preparations, the sensitivity of enriched granulocytes appears lower and the specificity higher. The apparent reduced sensitivity may relate to the chronic nature of some graft infections and the markedly reduced number of reinjected lymphocytes in enriched granulocyte preparations compared to mixed leukocyte preparations. Although the specificity is very high using enriched granulocyte preparations, there may not be a significant advantage of the method over mixed leukocyte preparations.
The medical and social consequences of land mines in Cambodia
Authors: E. Stover
Journal: JAMA (1994)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal