tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
414TiP An open-label phase 2a study of combination dabrafenib (D) and trametinib (T) in Asian patients (pts) with advanced BRAF V600–mutant acral lentiginous melanoma (ALM) or cutaneous melanoma (CM)
Authors: J. Guo, W-C. Chang, A. Dechaphunkul, Y. Fan, T.M. Kim, C-C. Lin, J. Maneechavakajorn, S.J. Shin, X. Song, S-T. Cheng, S. Thongprasert, C.S. Wong, D. Wu, X. Zhang, S. Bettinger, P. Zhang, B. Mookerjee
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2016)
Hippocrates of Ostia
Authors: Dickinson W. Richards
Journal: JAMA (1968)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> I appreciate the comment of Dr. Strange on my article on Hippocrates of Ostia; specifically, that I made a serious error in claiming that the prohibition in the "Oath" of the use of the pessary for abortion "was not a part of any moral code, other than the Pythagorean." It is apparent that Dr. Strange knows much about the Persians and the Persian Empire, and in particular, that the Persian code of medicine and ethics was opposed to abortion. Insofar as I made an error in quoting Professor Edelstein as I did, I am grateful to Dr. Strange for setting the record straight. Although referring only to the use of the pessary, the "Oath," as it is usually interpreted, is intended to prohibit abortion of any kind. It is a question to what extent the Hippocratic School actually practiced therapeutic abortion. Its intense interest in the many
News
Authors: P Selby
Journal: BMJ (1990)

Think again on bill, say leaders of half a million NHS staff "It is in the interest of all to ensure that the whole NHS is not the subject of a gigantic experiment with a high risk of failure."This warning comes from over 20 professional organisations including the medical and nursing royal colleges and faculties, which call for the government to rethink the NHS and Community Care Bill as it enters the House of Lords.The second reading is scheduled for the first week in April.The professions want the bill's proposals to be introduced in no more than two regions while they are evaluated.Launching The Way Forward for the NHS at a press conference on 27 March, the chairman of the conference of medical royal colleges and faculties, Professor E D Williams, called for evaluation by an advisory council that would report to the new, soon to be appointed chief of research and development.The colleges want the government, the professions, and the public to be represented on this council.While welcoming the white paper's aims the signatories to the document -represent- ing over halfof the million staffin the NHSargue strongly that there is no evidence that the changes will improve health care and call for adequate resources to be made available.The professions do, however, accept the need for better information technology and support the emphasis on professional audit.The group first collaborated last December after the Prime Minister refused to meet their representatives to discuss concerns about the bill (9 December 1989, p 1421).The Way Forzvard re-emphasises the professions' re- peated warnings that the introduction of the changes in the way proposed by the govern- ment will disrupt the NHS.They warn that there is no evidence * That personal gain provides a better incentive to ensure a high standard of medical care than does professional dedication to a properly organised and financed NHS * That the proposed internal market will improve the standards of or access to patient care * That the introduction of self governing hospitals will improve patient care * That allowing terms and conditions of service of professional staff to be fixed locally will improve the service * That the introduction of fund holding practices will itself improve patient care * That forcing teaching hospitals and medical schools to spend large sums on costing and billing will improve patient care or medical education and research.-
AUTO CASUALTIES.
Journal: JAMA (1905)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Effects of induction and age-dependent enzyme expression on lung bioavailability, metabolism, and DNA binding of urban air particulate-absorbed benzo[a]pyrene, 2-nitrofluorene, and 3-amino-1,4-dimethyl-5H-pyridol-(4,3)-indole
Authors: J P Gøtze, P Lindeskog, C S Törnquist
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1994)

The effect of interactions between urban air particulates (UAP) and carcinogens on bioavailability, metabolism, and DNA binding was studied in the isolat- ed perfused and ventilated rat lung.The availability of benzo[alpyrene (B[alP) varied from 29 to 60% after intratracheal doses of carcinogen particulates dissolving extremely slow and fast, respectively.Several cytochrome P450 enzyme (P450) inducers acting as 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo[pldioxin-recep- tor ligands have been identified in UAP extracts.fNaphthoflavone (BNF) was used to study how P450 induction alters the lung metabolism of carcino- gens.Pretreatment increased the lung clearance for B[alP 8-fold and for 2-nitrofluorene (2NF) by a factor of four from 0.55 ± 0.06 ml/min to 2.37 ± 0.62 ml / min.Studies with the intact lung and with isolated lung cells show that carcinogen metabolism and pharmacokinetics depend both on the route of exposure and dosage and on the distribution of specific enzymes.A cytochrome P45011B1 enzyme was detected in lung epithelial cells where it catalyzes 9-hydroxylation of 2NF.This rat lung 2NF-9-hydroxylation capacity increases in parallel with the age dependent up-regulation of lung P45011B1 expression.Both human and rat lung tissue have the capacity to form 9-hydroxy-2-nitrofluorene (9-OH-2NF) that is mutagenic.A BNF-inducible P4501A1 was detected in endothelial and alveolar type 11 cells.Consequently, aromatic hydroxylation dominated when 2NF was dosed directly into the lung circulation.Pretreatment of rats with BNF before intratracheal B[aIP dosage induced lung cytochrome P4501A1.The 7,8-dihydroxy-9,10-oxybenzo[alpyrenedeoxyguanosine adduct and the total lung DNA adduct levels increased significantly from a peak level of 75 ± 8 to 151 ± 19 fmole / mg DNA in lungs from control and BNF pretreated rats, respectively. 3-Amino-1 ,4-dimethyk5H-pyridol-(4,3)-indole (TRP-P1) is a potent mutagen and carcinogen identified in UAP extracts.Dietary BNF pretreatment of rats altered the [ 14CITRP-P1 distribution as analyzed by whole-body autoradiography.An enhanced retention was observed in the small intestine, forestomach, esophagus, and lung.UAP catalyzes oxygen radical formation and deoxyguanosine-8-hydroxylation, which were inhibited when the UAP samples were extracted with organic solvents or when they were incubated in the presence of desferroxamine.We there- fore postulate that a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon autooxidation pathway may be responsible for generation of hydrogen peroxide, which may be further converted to hydroxyl radicals through an iron-dependent reaction.-
"Increase in Dues Needed for Expanding Activities"
Journal: JAMA (1961)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Prevention of catheter-associated urinary tract infection. An additional measure
Authors: D. G. Maki
Journal: JAMA (1972)

Catheter-associated urinary tract infection (UTIc) is a significant infection hazard despite available methods of prevention. Many UTIc pathogens are transmitted between catheterized patients by passive carriage on the hands of attendants. A recent study of Serratia marcescens UTIc demonstrated that the risk of urinary tract colonization varied directly with the extent of clustering of such patients. Their geographic dispersal, especially separation of those infected from those noninfected, warrants trial as an adjunctive measure for prevention of UTIc.
Does the evidence support the use of mild hypothermia after cardiac arrest? No
Authors: A. P. Walden, N. Nielsen, M. P. Wise
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Several guidelines recommend hypothermia for comatose patients who have had a cardiac arrest outside hospital. <b>Jerry Nolan </b>and<b> Jasmeet Soar (</b>doi:10.1136/bmj.d5830) believe the data support this advice, but <b>Andrew Walden</b>, <b>Niklas Nielsen</b>, and <b>Matt Wise </b>question the quality of the evidence
Complex Mixtures and Indoor Air Pollution: Overview of Epidemiologic Methods
Authors: Noel S. Weiss
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1993)

The likelihood of an epidemiologic study correctly identifying an adverse health outcome associated with exposure to indoor air pollutants is increased if a) substantial variation exists in the frequency or level of exposure among study subjects otherwise at similar risk of the health outcome; b) the number of study subjects or study communities is large; c) the health outcome can be assessed with accuracy; d) relevant exposure levels can be measured with accuracy; e) an unbiased sample of exposed and nonexposed subjects is selected for study; and f) other determinants of the adverse health outcome can be measured.Nonetheless, given a strong enough impact of exposure to one pollutant or a mixture of pollutants on the risk of illness, it is possible for epidemiologic studies to discern a relation even if only some of the above circumstances are present.-
SOLAR URTICARIA
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The 1937 Year Book of Neurology, Psychiatry and Endocrinology. Edited by<i>Hans H. Reese, M.D., Harry A. Paskind, M. D., Ph. D., and Elmer L. Sevringhaus, M.D.</i>(Chicago: The Year Book Publishers, 1937.)
Authors: C. B. F.
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1938)
脂溢性皮炎的流行病学特征
Authors: N. Zander, R. Sommer, I. Schäfer, R. Reinert, N. Kirsten, B.‐C. Zyriax, J.‐T. Maul, M. Augustin
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2019)

本次由瑞士和德国的研究者开展的研究提供了脂溢性皮炎有关的新信息,更确切地说是关于该皮肤病的流行状况及其患者是否患有其他疾病(共病)的信息。脂溢性皮炎是一种常见疾病,表现为头部区域(例如,眉毛、鼻孔周围、耳部后面及头皮)出现发红、脱屑及一些刺激症状。研究基于在德国的工作场所开展的志愿性皮肤健康检查,涉及超过 160,000 名个体。研究发现,4.6% 的男性及 1.4% 的女性患有脂溢性皮炎,而且在 35 岁以上年龄段更常见。脂溢性皮炎在患有下列其他皮肤病症的患者中也更常见:毛囊炎、真菌性指甲感染或足藓(脚癣)、酒渣鼻、痤疮和银屑病。作者总结,与脂溢性皮炎相关的许多其他皮肤感染或病症(如痤疮)表现为皮肤中微生物(微生物菌群)改变和/或皮肤表面生成脂肪或皮脂。
Painless self-injury after ingestion of 'angel dust'
Authors: V. E. Grove
Journal: JAMA (1979)

THE NEW street drug phencyclidine hydrochloride ("angel dust") can produce a psychosis stimulating violence or self-injury with anesthesia and analgesia. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 29-year-old man who admitted occasional marijuana use became floridly psychotic after his initial experimentation with phencyclidine, having smoked a marijuana cigarette laced with the drug. Terrifying auditory hallucinations that told how his hands had offended him commanded punishment by biting. In the dissociative state accompanying phencyclidine use, he bit his forearms almost to the bone and felt no discomfort. A nauseating, odoriferous wound infection manifested, which the patient ignored. Excruciating pain developed only later. Skin grafting was performed. One month later the patient, although less psychotic, was extremely depressed and remorseful. <h3>Comment</h3> Phencyclidine is related to dissociative anesthetics and is known as a "horse tranquilizer," referring to its use in veterinary medicine. Physical effects including laryngeal spasm, convulsions, and coma may accompany cardiovascular stimulation, hypertensive
Reiter's Disease
Authors: G. D. Kersley
Journal: BMJ (1946)

<h3>Background:</h3> Expanded newborn screening generates incidental results, notably carrier results. Yet newborn screening programmes typically restrict parental choice regarding receipt of this non-health serving genetic information. Healthcare providers play a key role in educating families or caring for screened infants and have strong beliefs about the management of incidental results. <h3>Methods:</h3> To inform policy on disclosure of infant sickle cell disorder (SCD) carrier results, a mixed-methods study of healthcare providers was conducted in Ontario, Canada, to understand attitudes regarding result management using a cross-sectional survey (N = 1615) and semistructured interviews (N = 42). <h3>Results:</h3> Agreement to reasons favouring disclosure of SCD carrier results was high (65.1%–92.7%) and to reasons opposing disclosure was low (4.1%–18.1%). Genetics professionals expressed less support for arguments favouring disclosure (35.3%–78.8%), and more agreement with arguments opposing disclosure (15.7%–51.9%). A slim majority of genetics professionals (51.9%) agreed that a reason to avoid disclosure was the importance of allowing the child to decide to receive results. Qualitatively, there was a perceived “duty” to disclose, that if the clinician possessed the information, the clinician could not withhold it. <h3>Discussion:</h3> While a majority of respondents perceived a duty to disclose the incidental results of newborn screening, the policy implications of these attitudes are not obvious. In particular, policy must balance descriptive ethics (ie, what providers believe) and normative ethics (ie, what duty-based principles oblige), address dissenting opinion and consider the relevance of moral principles grounded in clinical obligations for public health initiatives.
"PROTEIN AND PELLAGRA"
Authors: M. Hindhede
Journal: JAMA (1923)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —I regret that only just now have I had the opportunity of making myself acquainted with Dr. Goldberger's reply to me (The Journal, June 23, 1923, p. 1866). Dr. Goldberger writes: "In this table as Hindhede presents it, the consumption of the foods of his 'Group 1' in pellagrous households with two or more cases is given in the rate at 675 gm.; it should be 583 gm. per person, so that this represents not 2,800 but 2,100 calories, and therefore 64 per cent, and not (as Hindhede states) 90 per cent. 'of the nourishment' of the members of such households." Yes, there is a typographical error—own own oversight; 675 should be 575 (351+9+5+6+144+32+22+6). But the calories are quite correct (<i>Pub. Health Rep</i>.<b>35</b>:675 and 679 [March 19] 1920). Under the vitamin free "Group 1" I class: These are Dr. Goldberger's own figures. How he arrives
A TASTE OF MEDICINE
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Evaluation of Suicidal Intent in Suicide Attempts
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Self-screening for significant bacteriuria. Evaluation of dip-strip combination nitrite/culture test
Authors: C. M. Kunin
Journal: JAMA (1975)

A self-administered dip-strip device was used to screen for urinary tract infection in female subjects. Fifty-two cases of significant persistent bacteriuria were detected among 2,250 subjects by simultaneous use of pourplate quantitative cultures. The dip-strip culture test had good reliability in detecting Gram-negative organisms. Repeated nitrite tests, performed on first-morning specimens and read by the patient, also had good reliability in detecting Gram-negative bacteria. No false-positive tests occurred. The device is effective in screening out contaminants, thus decreasing the need for repeated testing. (<i>JAMA</i>231:1349-1353, 1975)
Delirium
Authors: Melissa L.P. Mattison
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2020)

Delirium is an acute confusional state that is common and costly and is associated with significant functional decline and distress. It is the manifestation of acute encephalopathy and is variably called acute brain failure, acute brain dysfunction, or altered mental status. All patients are at risk for delirium, although those with more vulnerabilities (such as advanced age, exposures to other stressors like infection, and certain medications) are at higher risk. The pathophysiologic cause of delirium is not well understood. It is important to recognize patients at risk for and those with delirium and to immediately identify and treat factors contributing to it. There is no single intervention or medication to treat delirium, making it challenging to manage. Therefore, risk mitigation and prompt treatment rely on a sophisticated strategy to address the contributing factors. Delirium may be prevented or attenuated when multimodal strategies are used, thereby improving patient outcomes.
Needle tracheostomy for acute upper airway obstruction.
Authors: Ulf De Faire
Journal: BMJ (1978)

In a recent investigation on 31 male twin pairs cardiovascular reactions during stressful psychiatric interview were studied.5It was found that intrapair variance did not differ between monozygotic and dizygotic pairs at rest either for systolic or for diastolic blood pressure, but during psychological strain the intrapair variances were significantly less within monozygotic than dizygotic pairs for both measures of blood pressure.These data imply that a significant genetic influence on the variability of blood pressure might first be revealed in stressful situations.It was finally stated in your leading article that "clearly the best precaution a newborn baby can take over its arterial blood pressure and therefore its cardiovascular risk in later life is to choose its parents carefully."This hopeful piece of advice could be supplemented with another, more hopeful one: learn to cope with stressful situations.