tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Poland's environmental docs.
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1994)

a a corresponding flux from the ocean to the atmosphere.This effect might lessen or negate the benefits to stratospheric ozone from a reduction in anthropogenic emis- sions of methyl bromide.In terms of costs to society from the ban, the California Department of Pesticide Regulation estimates growers in its state stand to lose $340 million per year in crop damage.Duafala says no single alternative exists that will replicate the range of uses of methyl bromide.He says there are nematicides (1,3-dichloropropene) and fungicides (methyl isothio- cyanate) that effectively perform some of the functions but that these are not as versatile as methyl bromide.Bill Thomas, methyl bromide program coordinator for the EPA, agrees that there is no single alternative for methyl bromide, but asserts that the ban-phased in over a period of seven years-will allow for the development of alternatives."The cost of finding alternatives is an issue, but not a monumental barrier," Thomas says.
SMOOTH TUMOR OF THE GUT
Journal: JAMA (1960)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Disseminated histoplasmosis in corticosteroid-treated patients. Report of five cases
Authors: W. E. Dismukes
Journal: JAMA (1978)

Although<i>Histoplasma capsulatum</i>is not generally considered an opportunistic organism, we have seen five corticosteroid-treated patients in whom disseminated histoplasmosis (DH) developed. Persistent, unexplained fever was the predominant symptom in each. Death was directly attributable to DH in four. The interval from onset of symptoms to diagnosis ranged from 11 to 75 days; delay in diagnosis adversely affected prognosis. Culture of the bone marrow appears to be the best diagnostic study. The pathologic features of DH in immunocompromised hosts are the presence of large numbers of<i>Histoplasma</i>yeast forms within macrophages, absence of discrete granulomas, and a reduced or absent inflammatory response.<i>Histoplasma capsulatum</i>should be considered as a possible cause in any immunosuppressed patient with unexplained fever, especially if the patient has been receiving corticosteroid therapy. (<i>JAMA</i>240:1495-1498, 1978)
CORTICAL ABSCESS OF THE KIDNEY
Journal: JAMA (1929)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 2125: P Wave Morphology Is a Predictor of Poor Cardiac Outcome and Death in MADIT II Patients
Authors: Fredrik Holmqvist, Pyotr G Platonov, Scott McNitt, Slava Polonsky, Jonas Carlson, Wojciech Zareba, Arthur J Moss
Journal: Circulation (2008)

The objective of the present study was to non-invasively analyse atrial electrophysiology to identify markers associated with increased risk of mortality and deterioration of heart failure in a high-risk population with advanced CHF and a history of acute myocardial infarction. Patients included in MADIT II with sinus rhythm at baseline were studied (n=802). Unfiltered and bandpass filtered signal-averaged P waves were analyzed to determine orthogonal P wave morphology, P wave duration and RMS20. The association between P wave parameters and data on the clinical course and cardiac events during a mean follow-up of 20 months was analyzed. P wave duration was 139±23 ms and the RMS20 was 1.9±1.1 μV. None of these parameters were significantly associated with poor cardiac outcome. Differences in P wave morphology were independently predictive of non-sudden cardiac death (HR 2.66; 95% CI 1.41–5.04, P=0.0027). In addition, in univariate analyses differences in P wave morphology were found to be associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality (HR 1.35; 95%CI 1.01–1.81, P=0.042) and cardiac death (HR 1.54; 95%CI 1.10 –2.16, P=0.011) (figure ) In the present study the value of analyzing the P wave morphology in patients with previous myocardial infarction and CHF is demonstrated. Changes in P wave morphology were shown to be independently predictive of increased risk of non-sudden cardiac death. Furthermore, statistically significant associations between P wave morphology changes and all-cause mortality, cardiac death and CHF hospitalization was demonstrated.
Physiology
Authors: Panyotis G. Iatridis
Journal: JAMA (1993)

The third edition of<i>Physiology</i>, edited by Robert M. Berne and Matthew N. Levy, is significantly improved compared with the previous two. The number of pages is the same as in the second edition. The few changes in emphasis on broad principles and the development of grouped homologies of important mechanisms contribute significantly to its improvement. The authors have made an extra effort to present established physiological facts and principles and avoid isolated phenomena that are not considered highly significant. They emphasize important physiochemical principles and relevant advances in molecular biology. Appropriate equations are presented and their major underlying assumptions discussed. The book has 51 chapters in nine sections: cellular physiology, nervous system, muscle physiology, blood, cardiovascular system, respiratory system, gastrointestinal system, kidney, and endocrine system. Each of the chapters is subdivided into specific topics and ends with a summary and relevant bibliography. The figures are artistically done,
"Thorough Overhaul"
Authors: T. J. Kirkpatrick
Journal: BMJ (1953)

Many managers of long-horizon quantitative stock selection portfolios do not use short-horizon alpha signals because of the fast decay of these signals. The author demonstrates a simple tactical trade timing strategy that allows a long-horizon manager to take advantage of short-horizon alphas without incurring additional transaction costs. He shows that the strategy’s value added is consistent across time and capitalization groups and does not affect the portfolio’s risk exposures. <b>TOPICS:</b>Portfolio construction, security analysis and valuation
Medicine's debt to Florey.
Journal: BMJ (1968)

PointersValue of Gastroscopy: Experience with Olympus G.F.B. fibrescope and gastrocamera shows it to be safe and simple to operate.Biopsy confirmed gastroscopic diagnosis in high percentage of cases (p.535).Colour plate.Mental Stress and Renal Failure: From Australia, description of psychological issues and their management in patients with chronic renal failure, in their families, and in the staff of the unit over a three-year period (p.539).A second article, from Scotland, describes psy- chological aspects of seven patients on regular dialysis for nine months (p.544).Q Fever: First reported cases in northern Ire- land among workers with sheep.Source of infection probably imported infected ewes from Britain (p.547).
Non fluoroscopic guidance of interventional procedures using a phased-array imaging and hemodynamic ultrasound catheter (AcuNav): In vivo experimental studies Peng Li, Ismail Dairywala, Zheng Liu, Biju Mathew, Dana Bowie, Mani Vannan. University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
JAMA 75 YEARS AGO
Journal: JAMA (1976)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Materia Non Medica
Journal: BMJ (1979)

Getting up this shute was certainly one of the challenges of our journey (fig 4).We had been going for day after day and already we were feeling the pressure of this constant travel, not knowing what we would see around the next corner or what difficult rapid would next have to be overcome.There was always this sense of danger, of fear, and, even though all of us could swim perfectly adequately and had life jackets on, there was always the risk of drowning if one was thrown out into these rapids.Finally, we came to the end of the line, a waterfall 10 or 12 feet high that even our jet boats couldn't surmount, and we were still about 100 miles from our final destination-the snowfields of the Himalayas from which the river originally '.
Ketoconazole for Early Treatment of Acute Lung Injury and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Authors: None The ARDS Network Authors for the ARDS Network
Journal: JAMA (2000)

ContextThree clinical studies have suggested that ketoconazole, a synthetic imidazole with anti-inflammatory activity, may prevent the development of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in critically ill patients. However, the use of ketoconazole as treatment for acute lung injury (ALI) and ARDS has not been previously studied.ObjectiveTo test the efficacy of ketoconazole in reducing mortality and morbidity in patients with ALI or ARDS.DesignRandomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial conducted from March 1996 to January 1997.SettingTwenty-four hospitals associated with 10 network centers in the United States, constituting the ARDS Network.PatientsA total of 234 patients with ALI or ARDS.InterventionPatients were randomly assigned to receive ketoconazole, 400 mg/d (n=117), or placebo (n=117), initiated within 36 hours of fulfilling study entry criteria and given enterally for up to 21 days.Main Outcome MeasuresPrimary outcome measures were the proportion of patients alive with unassisted breathing at hospital discharge and the number of days of unassisted breathing (ventilator-free days) during 28 days of follow-up. Secondary outcome measures included the proportion of patients achieving unassisted breathing for 48 hours or more, the number of organ failure–free days, and changes in plasma interleukin 6 (IL-6) and urinary thromboxane A2 metabolites (thromboxane B2 [TXB2] and 11-dehydro-TXB2).ResultsIn-hospital mortality (SE) was 34.1% (4.3%) for the placebo group and 35.2% (4.3%) for the ketoconazole group (P=.85). The median number of ventilator-free days within 28 days of randomization was 9 in the placebo group and 10 in the ketoconazole group (P=.89). There were no statistically significant differences in the number of organ failure–free days, pulmonary physiology, or adverse events between treatment groups. The median serum ketoconazole level was 1.25 µg/mL and serum levels greater than 0.5 µg/mL were detected in 96% of patients assayed. Plasma IL-6, urinary TXB2, and 11-dehydro-TXB2 levels were unaffected by ketoconazole.ConclusionsIn these patients with ALI or ARDS, ketoconazole was safe and bioavailable but did not reduce mortality or duration of mechanical ventilation or improve lung function. These data do not support the use of ketoconazole for the early treatment of ALI or ARDS.
Abstract 16890: Improved Rates of Bystander Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation, First Responder Defibrillation and Outcome in Black and White Patients but More Improvement for White Patients: Results From the North Carolina Heartrescue Project
Authors: Carolina Malta Hansen, Kristian Kragholm, David A Pearson, Clark Tyson, Matthew E Dupre, James G Jollis, Benjamin Strauss, Monique L Anderson, Bryan McNally, Lance B Becker, Christopher B Granger
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: Known differences in bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and survival for out of hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) exist for blacks compared with whites. Following the HeartRescue project, bystander and first responder interventions and survival increased in North Carolina (NC). Our objective was to study how these improvements were distributed by racial groups. Methods: Using the CARES registry, we identified OHCA cases of cardiac etiology from counties in NC (population 3 million) with 100% case capture from 2010-14. Unadjusted incidence rates per 100,000 were calculated based on US Census data (2010-13). Temporal changes in rates of bystander CPR, first responder defibrillation, and outcomes were assessed according to black or white race. Results: Of 7,558 OHCA patients, 36.3% were black (incidence: 94.7/100,000) and 63.7% were white (64.8/100,000). From 2010-14, bystander CPR increased by 34%, irrespective of race (Figure). No improvement in first responder defibrillation was seen for black patients (2010 to 2014: 40.3% to 44.4%, p=0.38), but was demonstrated for white patients (38.3% to 47.2%, p&lt;0.01). Return of spontaneous circulation improved significantly for black patients (23.0% to 27.6%, p&lt;0.01) and more significantly for white patients (19.2% to 34.0%, p&lt; 0.01). No significant increase in survival over time was seen for black patients (8.6% to 9.2%, p=0.32), but was demonstrated for white patients (5.6% to 11.7%, p&lt; 0.01). Among patients receiving bystander CPR, favorable neurologic outcome increased significantly regardless of race (relative increase 59% for blacks and 81% for whites). Conclusion: After the HeartRescue quality improvement program, bystander CPR increased by 34% in black and white patients. There were substantial improvements in survival with favorable neurologic outcome in both black and white patients receiving bystander CPR, however gains in interventions and outcomes were greater for whites.
Reference Committees 1986 Annual Meeting
Journal: JAMA (1986)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Which stethoscope?
Authors: C. S. Hampton, A. Chaloner
Journal: BMJ (1967)

The choice of a stethoscope is largely irrational.The newly fledged medical student is either likely to follow his professor's choice or buy the latest slim-line model.However, it would seem that an instrument which is an extension of the clinician's sensory system should be chosen on some rational basis.Previous papers on this subject have described tests of stethoscope components rather than complete instruments.This would seem to be of limited value, as the acoustic proper- ties of the complete instrument need bear no direct relation to that of its components.Recently several stethoscopes have been manufactured which have tended to be lighter, more compact, more pleasing in
Gastrointestinal bleeding
Authors: J. Sung
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

Variceal bleeding is one of the most fatal complications of portal hypertension and its mortality rate is much higher than that of other types of gastrointestinal bleeding. Combined endoscopic therapy with vasoactive agents and prophylactic antibiotics is the conventional treatment but recurrent bleeding still occurs in 10 % – 15 % of patients, leading to multiple endoscopies, multiple transfusions, and death. The use of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts (TIPS) is known to be highly effective in controlling the bleeding by reducing portal pressure but it does lead almost inevitably to hepatic encephalopathy. Therefore, the conventional recommendation is to continue with pharmacotherapy combined with endoscopic treatment of bleeding varices and use TIPS only as rescue therapy. There is always a dilemma that TIPS prevents bleeding but results in comatose patients due to hepatic failure, and hence does not improve survival.
HEREDITY AND OBESITY
Journal: JAMA (1926)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
First Call for AMA-RPS Interim Meeting
Journal: JAMA (1991)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Hospitalization Discharge Diagnoses for Kidney Disease—United States, 1980-2005
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Kidney disease is the ninth leading cause of death in the United States. Nearly 26 million persons in the United States have chronic kidney disease (CKD), and another 20 million are at increased risk for CKD. End-stage renal disease (ESRD), which can be caused by either CKD or acute renal failure (ARF), results in approximately 85,000 deaths each year in the United States. The total annual cost of treating ESRD in the United States was approximately $33 billion in 2005. Much of the care for CKD and ESRD is provided in the outpatient setting; however, the number of hospitalizations for ARF and chronic kidney failure (CKF) is substantial. In 2004, an estimated 221,000 hospitalizations with a first-listed discharge diagnosis of ARF and 19,000 with a first-listed discharge diagnosis of CKF occurred in the United States. To characterize national trends in kidney disease hospitalizations, CDC analyzed data from the National Hospital Discharge Survey (NHDS) for the period 1980-2005. This report summarizes the results of that analysis, which indicated that 1) numbers and rates of kidney disease hospital discharge diagnoses have increased since the early 1990s, especially among adults aged > or =65 years; 2) a shift has occurred in the type of kidney disease accounting for most of these reported hospitalizations (from CKF to ARF); and 3) an increasing number of kidney disease hospital discharges are associated with a concomitant diagnosis of diabetes mellitus or hypertension. These findings indicate a need for additional research to determine the cause of the increase in ARF discharge diagnoses and to quantify the progression from ARF to CKD and ESRD.