tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Reflections on the Doctor's Anguish
Authors: A. B. Baker
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1993)

Letters1 January 1993Reflections on the Doctor's AnguishA. B. Baker, John Stokes, and D. R. BowieA. B. BakerUniversity of Otago; Dunedin, New ZealandSearch for more papers by this author, John StokesUniversity of Otago; Dunedin, New ZealandSearch for more papers by this author, and D. R. BowieUniversity of Otago; Dunedin, New ZealandSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-118-1-199301010-00025 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:We applaud Drs. Edwards and Tolle for their frankness and sincerity. Their article highlights the real difference between making an ethical decision as an ethicist and carrying out such a decision as a doctor.Our experience with similar cases of “postpolio syndrome” using an “iron-lung” for overnight ventilatory assistance prompts us to suggest that the list of options also include:8. Obtain hospital ethics committee approval in order to include lay people who represent the common nonprofessional opinion.9. Insist that specialist medical staff who are to be involved are informed and agree to do sedation and ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of Otago; Dunedin, New Zealand PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByAssumptions and Practice in Clinical Medical Ethics 1 January 1993Volume 118, Issue 1Page: 78-80KeywordsDecision makingMedical staffSedation Issue Published: 1 January 1993 CopyrightCopyright © 1993 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Thyroxine does not benefit euthyroid people with symptoms of hypothyroidism
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Thyroxine does not benefit euthyroid people with symptoms of hypothyroidism Thyroxine is no more effective than placebo in improving cognitive function and psychological wellbeing in patients with symptoms of hypothyroidism but with thyroid function tests within the normal range.In addition, thyroxine does not improve cognitive function and psychological wellbeing in healthy adults.Pollock and colleagues (p 891) conducted a randomised, double blind, placebo crossover trial on 22 patients with symptoms of hypothyroidism, but biochemically euthyroid, and 19 healthy controls.They also found that there was no significant changes in clinical measurements such as blood pressure, pulse rate, or weight during the study. Metered dose inhalers are most cost effective for asthma drugsPressurised metered dose inhalers are the most cost effective method for delivering 2 agonists and corticosteroids in patients with stable asthma.In two systematic reviews (pp 896 and 901), the National Health Technology Assessment Inhaler Review Group found no significant differences between pressurised metered dose inhalers and other inhaler devices.These included dry powder inhalers, breath actuated devices, and hydrofluoroalkane devices.Use of a spacer device did not affect the results.Since pressurised metered dose inhalers are usually the cheapest form of treatment, they should be used as first line treatment unless there are specific contraindications.
Edema and Necrosis in Experimental Cerebral Infarction
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
NECROLOGY.
Journal: JAMA (1883)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Inadvertent intravenous administration of racemic epinephrine
Authors: S. C. Kurachek
Journal: JAMA (1985)

NEBULIZED racemic epinephrine is used to relieve respiratory distress in patients with upper airway edema caused by prior endotracheal intubation or laryngotracheobronchitis (croup). Although side effects are uncommon when the drug is used as recommended, a recent report discussed complications that arose when racemic epinephrine was accidentally administered orally to small infants.<sup>1</sup>Our report describes the consequences of an inadvertent intravenous administration of this medication and the potential hazard of withdrawing nonparenteral medications from their containers by syringe. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 13-month-old, 8.6-kg infant was hospitalized with clinical and radiographic evidence of croup. Progressive respiratory distress prompted transfer to the intensive care unit the following day. When the infant developed cyanosis and bradycardia during a coughing episode, preparations for endotracheal intubation were begun. Nebulized racemic epinephrine (0.25 mL of 2.25% racemic epinephrine in 2.0 mL of normal saline) had been administered with oxygen eight times during the
FRIEDRICH THEODOR VON FRERICHS (1819-1885)
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Session B: Lung Cancer, Heand and Neck Cancer, CNS Tumors (B1-B57)
Authors: Giovanni Mantovani, Elena Massa, Giorgio Astara, Viviana Murgia, Giulia Gramignano, Maria Lusso, Paolo Camboni, Luca Ferreli, Miria Mocci, Simona Perboni, Loredana Mura, Clelia Madeddu, M Airoldi, L Cattel, F Pedani, S Novello, S Marchionatti, E Buffa, Roberto Passera, M Verlengo, V Tagini, E Cagliero, M Medail, L Infante, A Gabriele, M Danova, V Recalenda, M Difranco, Francesco Leonardi, Vittorio Franciosi, Mariangela Bella, Marco Fumagalli, Teore Ferri, Antonino Musolino, Stefania Salvagni, Rodolfo Passalacqua, Roberta Camisa, Stefano Cascinu
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2002)
Omitted Author Affiliations
Authors: Rebecca Gooch, Jeremy Kahn
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Carlos A. Morillo, MD, FRCPC; Atul Verma, MD, FRCPC; Stuart J. Connolly, MD, FRCPC; Karl H. Kuck, MD, FHRS; Girish M. Nair, MBBS, FRCPC; Jean Champagne, MD, FRCPC; Laurence D. Sterns, MD, FRCPC; Heather Beresh, MSc; Jeffrey S. Healey, MD, MSc, FRCPC; Andrea Natale, MD; RAAFT-2 Investigators
Pulmonary pathology
Authors: John Moore-Gillon
Journal: Thorax (1988)

160 results in low serum testosterone concentrations,' and while severely hypoxic patients are unlikely to have undergone surgery it is nevertheless important to establish that the findings of Mr Taggart and colleagues cannot be attributable to this factor.From the point of view of follow up of apparently cured patients to detect metastasis, the post- operative reduction of lung function, the further diminution with passage oftime, and indeed the mere aging ofthe patient are all factors that would make the interpretation of such measurements of serum testosterone extremely difficult.
Iron Absorption
Authors: Robert W. Charlton, Thomas H. Bothwell
Journal: Annual Review of Medicine (1983)

The rate of absorption of iron is adjusted according to body iron requirements, but the virtual absence of heme and the poor bioavailability of the nonheme iron in the diets of many people, especially in developing countries, means that the amount that can be absorbed is limited. Those whose requirements are increased by growth, menstruation, or pregnancy frequently cannot absorb enough. Sufficient is now known about the factors in food that increase or diminish the bioavailability of nonheme iron to permit the effective fortification of dietary staples, although the application of this information has proved difficult particularly in the Third World where nutritional iron deficiency is most prevalent. Effective fortification may lead to iron overload in those whose control of iron absorption is genetically defective, and recent evidence that the HLA-linked recessive gene for idiopathic hemochromatosis may occur much more commonly than hitherto suspected makes it imperative that an effective monitoring system should form a part of every fortification program.
Chemical carcinogenesis
Authors: Kurt Stern
Journal: JAMA (1963)

The vast body of knowledge on carcinogens that has accumulated during the past 30 years has not only provided significant theoretic insights into causation and pathogenesis of neoplasia, but has also contributed to practical cancer control by pinpointing some occupational and environmental carcinogenic hazards and facilitating their elimination. This book tries to survey the field to acquaint the research chemist with the biochemical and biological aspects of chemical carcinogenesis and to elucidate the chemical phenomena for the physician and biologist. Broadly speaking, these difficult goals have been accomplished with a good measure of success. Carcinogens identified as causal agents of tumors in specific organs of man are dealt with in the introductory chapter. The subject of testing for carcinogenic activity in animal experimentation, including details of methodology and interpretation, is particularly well presented. The following chapters are devoted to the main categories of carcinogens: inorganic compounds, aromatic hydrocarbons, azo compounds,
THE NEW WOODS HOLE LABORATORIES
Journal: JAMA (1925)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Reply
Authors: Kojiro Taura, Kouichi Miura, David Brenner
Journal: Hepatology (2010)

We greatly appreciate the letter by Zhang and Bian, which discusses our recently published article on the absence of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of hepatocytes into collagen-expressing myofibroblasts in experimental liver fibrosis.1 We fully agree with their opinion that the different biological behaviors of hepatocytes in liver fibrosis between in vivo and in vitro systems needs to be reassessed. Our in vitro experiment demonstrated that primary cultured hepatocytes could activate collagen α1(I) promoter with a fibroblast-like morphological change, which is not in accordance with our in vivo experiment. However, these changes are not accompanied by expressions of mesenchymal markers such as alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and fibroblast-specific protein-1 (FSP-1) as defined for EMT. The phenomenon we and others observed in cultured hepatocytes does not seem to provide sufficient evidence of hepatocyte EMT. As the authors mentioned, it might be similar to the difference between in vivo activation and in vitro activation of hepatic stellate cells. We also appreciate their statement that it is questionable whether the currently prevalent liver fibrosis models truly reflect the changes of the hepatocytes in liver injury. The pathophysiological process occurring during liver fibrosis could be different depending on the causes of liver injury, and thus we acknowledge our study does not preclude the possibility of hepatocyte EMT in other etiologies of liver injury. However, one should examine all these studies with caution. As we discussed in our article, the evidence may be insufficient by relying (1) on FSP-1 as a definitive marker for EMT, which has never been proven in the liver, and (2) on colocalization of immunostaining, because of experimental artifacts. α-SMA–positive hyperplastic hepatocytes should be interpreted cautiously as well. We also stained CCl4-treated liver for α-SMA (see Supporting Fig. S9 in Taura et al.1) and noticed diffuse light brown staining on hepatocytes. However, damaged liver sections are prone to produce nonspecific staining. Double immunofluorescence would be ideal but the expression level of β-galactosidase in ROSA26 β-gal mice was not high enough to be detected with immunofluorescence, as mentioned in our article. A single-immunofluorescence study for α-SMA showed no diffuse staining on hepatocytes, and thus we concluded that the light brown staining on hepatocytes were nonspecific. We would like to thank Zhang and Bian for stimulating discussion on our article. In conclusion, as they mentioned, there is no doubt that additional detailed studies are needed to assess the EMT of hepatocytes in liver fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma development. Kojiro Taura*, Kouichi Miura*, David Brenner*, * Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA.
Diagnosis and management of scalp ringworm
Journal: BMJ (2003)

between gestational hypertensive disease and hypertension in later life was seen in the questionnaire and clinical examination data and also in the hospital diagnosis data and the mortality data.We suggest that our observations cannot be explained by chance or bias.The findings have implications for the aetiology and pathogenesis of circulatory disease, both in pregnancy and in later life.They also suggest that interventions that might minimise the risk of such conditions in later life should be identified and evaluated.We acknowledge the contribution of Dean Phillips for tracing and data management; Amanda Cardy for review of the original case notes; Nicola Torrance for assistance with the data collection and the operation of clinics; Linda Harrigan and Wendy Aiken for entering the data; Tracy Mapp for assistance with the study design; Isobel Ford and Ian Ross at Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aberdeen, for assistance with the laboratory analysis; Val Angus of practitioner services at Grampian Health Board for tracing women
An Anthropological Approach to the Evaluation of Preschool Children Exposed to Pesticides in Mexico
Authors: Elizabeth A. Guillette, Maria Mercedes Meza, Maria Guadalupe Aquilar, Alma Delia Soto, Idalia Enedina Garcia
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1998)

In this comparative study, we compensated for many of the known variables that influence children's growth and development by selecting two groups of 4-5-year-old Yaqui children who reside in the Yaqui Valley of northwestern Mexico. These children share similar genetic backgrounds, diets, water mineral contents, cultural patterns, and social behaviors. The major difference was their exposure to pesticides. Pesticides have been applied to the agricultural area of the valley since the late 1940s. In 1990, high levels of multiple pesticides were found in the cord blood of newborns and in breast milk. Building on anthropological methods for rapid rural appraisal of problems within the environment, a Rapid Assessment Tool for Preschool Children (RATPC) was developed to measure growth and development. The children of the agrarian region were compared to children living in the foothills, where pesticide use is avoided. The RATPC measured varied aspects of physical growth and abilities to perform, or function in, normal childhood activities. No differences were found in growth patterns. Functionally, the exposed children demonstrated decreases in stamina, gross and fine eye-hand coordination, 30-minute memory, and the ability to draw a person. The RATPC also pointed out areas in which more in-depth research on the toxicology of pesticides would be valuable.
The role of herpesvirus entry mediator as a negative regulator of T cell–mediated responses
Authors: Yang Wang, Sumit K. Subudhi, Robert A. Anders, James Lo, Yonglian Sun, Sarah Blink, Yugang Wang, Jing Wang, Xiaojuan Liu, Karin Mink, Daniel Degrandi, Klaus Pfeffer, Yang-Xin Fu
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2005)

Herpesvirus entry mediator (HVEM), a TNF receptor superfamily member, has been previously described as a T cell costimulatory receptor. Surprisingly, HVEM-/- T cells showed enhanced responses to in vitro concanavalin A (ConA) stimulation when compared with WT T cells. Consistent with these findings, HVEM-/- mice exhibited increased morbidity and mortality as compared with WT mice in a model of ConA-mediated T cell-dependent autoimmune hepatitis. HVEM-/- mice produced higher levels of multiple cytokines, which were dependent on the presence of CD4+ T cells. Furthermore, HVEM-/- mice were more susceptible to MOG peptide-induced experimental autoimmune encephalopathy, and they showed increased T cell proliferation and cytokine production in response to antigen-specific challenge. Taken together, our data revealed an unexpected regulatory role of HVEM in T cell-mediated immune responses and autoimmune diseases.
Abstracts Appearing in JAMA January 4, 1971 to March 29, 1971
Journal: JAMA (1971)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Comparison of high-dose methotrexate (HD-MTX) with Capizzi methotrexate plus asparaginase (C-MTX/ASNase) in children and young adults with high-risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia (HR-ALL): A report from the Children’s Oncology Group Study AALL0232.
Authors: E. C. Larsen, W. L. Salzer, M. Devidas, J. B. Nachman, E. A. Raetz, M. L. Loh, N. A. Heerema, A. J. Carroll, J. M. Gastier-Foster, M. J. Borowitz, B. L. Wood, C. L. Willman, N. J. Winick, S. Hunger, W. L. Carroll
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

3 Background: Although EFS continues to improve for children and young adults with HR-ALL, central nervous system (CNS) disease has become an increasing site of treatment failure. AALL0232 was designed to test the safety and efficacy of interventions targeted to enhance CNS control including comparisons of HD-MTX versus Capizzi escalating methotrexate plus PEG asparaginase (C-MTX/ASNase) during interim maintenance-1 (IM-1) and dexamethasone (DEX) versus prednisone (PRED) during Induction. Methods: AALL0232 was a Phase III, randomized trial for patients 1-30 years old with newly diagnosed NCI high risk B-precursor ALL that utilized a 2 x 2 factorial design with an augmented intensity Berlin-Frankfurt-Münster (BFM) backbone. Patients were randomized to receive DEX versus PRED during induction and HD-MTX (5gm/m 2 biweekly x 4) versus C-MTX/ASNase during IM-1. To date 2104/3156 AALL0232 patients have completed IM-1. Results: Planned interim monitoring showed 5-year EFS for patients randomized to receive HD-MTX (N=1,209) was 82 + 3.4% versus 75.4 + 3.6% for the C-MTX/ASNase (N=1,217) regimen, p=0.006. Because this difference crossed a pre-defined boundary, enrollment was halted and patients were crossed over from C-MTX/ASNase to HD MTX when feasible. There were fewer marrow and CNS relapses in the HD-MTX versus C-MTX/ASNase arms (42 and 22 versus 68 and 32). The incidence of febrile neutropenia was lower with HD-MTX compared to the C-MTX; 5.2% vs 8.2%, respectively, p=0.005. There were no statistically significant differences in acute neurotoxicity, osteonecrosis, or other clinically relevant toxicities between the two regimens. Conclusions: HD-MTX administered in place of C-MTX, during the IM-1 phase of augmented BFM therapy is associated with superior EFS, with no increase in acute toxicity, in children and young adults with HR-ALL.