tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A Warning against Castration for Prostatic Enlargement.
Journal: JAMA (1895)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Recommendations on Immunization Practices
Authors: E.J. H.
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1970)

Editorial Notes1 January 1970Recommendations on Immunization PracticesE.J. H.E.J. H.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-72-1-141_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptFor three years we have been reprinting from Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report the "Recommendations of the U.S. Public Health Service Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices." These have appeared in our feature section "Diagnosis and Treatment." Our readers have found these authoritative, consensual statements on the proper use of vaccines, toxoids, and immune globulins for prevention of infectious diseases to be valuable guides.The "Recommendations" have been collected and reprinted by the National Communicable Disease Center in a supplement toMorbidity and Mortality Weekly Report(1). Short bibliographies added to each recommendations increase their value for reference. Single copies of...Reference1. Collected recommendations of the Public Health Service Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices. Morbid Mortal Weekly Rep 18 (suppl):1-31, 1969. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 January 1970Volume 72, Issue 1Page: 141-141KeywordsGlobulinsInfectious diseasesMedical servicesMorbidityMortalityToxoidsVaccines ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 January 1970 PDF downloadLoading ...
SOME LIMITATIONS OF ALKALI THERAPY
Journal: JAMA (1923)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
STANDARDIZATION OF SUPRARENAL PRODUCTS.
Journal: JAMA (1906)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Pentachrome vitiligo
Authors: Maria Concetta Fargnoli, Jean L Bolognia
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (1995)

The term "trichrome vitiligo" has been used to describe lesions of vitiligo that have an intermediate level of color between the achromic center and the peripheral unaffected skin. We describe a 12-year-old black girl with a generalized pigmentary disorder that first appeared when she was 3 years of age. Five shades of colors—white, tan, medium brown (unaffected skin), dark brown, and black—were present. Biopsy specimens of the depigmented areas showed a complete absence of melanocytes, whereas the most hyperpigmented areas were characterized by an increase in epidermal pigment and number of melanocytes. The lack of any preceding inflammation in the affected areas and the subsequent widespread spontaneous depigmentation that occurred within 1 year pointed to a diagnosis of "pentachrome vitiligo."
Neutrophil CD11b and soluble ICAM-1 and E-selectin in community acquired pneumonia
Authors: P. Glynn, R. Coakley, I. Kilgallen, S. O'Neill
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1999)

Exhaled nitric oxide and eosinophil sputum markers are considered noninvasive ways in which to evaluate airway inflammation in asthma. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationships between these methods of evaluation in asthmatic children. In a cross-sectional study of 25 mild-moderate asthmatic children (aged 6-13 yrs, 10 patients on inhaled steroids) exhaled NO was measured along with induced sputum by inhalation of hypertonic saline solution. The sputum was processed for eosinophil count and eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) determination. Serum ECP and lung function (forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1)) were also measured. A significant correlation was observed between exhaled NO and sputum eosinophils (r = 0.438, p = 0.032) as well as between sputum eosinophils and sputum ECP (r = 0.532, p&lt;0.01). No correlation was observed among exhaled NO and serum ECP, sputum ECP, FEV1, respectively. Furthermore no correlation was observed between sputum eosinophil (%) and serum ECP and between sputum eosinophils and FEV1. There was no correlation among the investigated parameters in children treated with inhaled steroids. In conclusion, exhaled NO and sputum eosinophil counts are concordant in evaluating the degree of airway inflammation in patients with mild-to-moderate asthma. However, the association between these two noninvasive markers becomes less in steroid treated patients.
Alfred Newton Richards, PhD, Dies at 90
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Incorrect Unit of Measure
Authors: Leona Cuttler, Beth Finkelstein, J Silvers, Duncan Neuhauser, Ursula Marrero
Journal: JAMA (1998)

We agree with Berman that there may often be honest differences of opinion among informed experts about the value of new treatments.As stated in our article, our study cannot establish whether current practices are right or wrong.However, the wide gap between the recommendations of physicians and the approvals of insurers in the cases under study underscores a potentially far-reaching problem in the US health care system.We believe that insurers often make very careful and fair analyses of information in arriving at coverage decisions. 1Nevertheless, greater dialogue between insurers and physicians is needed to minimize discrepancies in coverage and to provide optimal patient care.Dr Yaes asks about consensus among physicians for the cases studied and about the value of a treatment such as GH, which is used for a non-life-threatening condition.We focused on GH therapy as a key example of emerging treatments that are semielective, relate at least in part to quality of life, and for which consensus about optimal utilization is lacking.As we pointed out in our article, many emerging therapies share similar characteristics, (eg, treatments for infertility, impotence, and aging).For GH therapy, lack of consensus exists for severe cases of idiopathic short stature, whereas there is much more consensus among physicians for GH treatment of children with Turner syndrome and renal failure.Nevertheless, we found significant discrepancies between physician recommendations and insurer coverage for Turner syndrome and renal failure, as for idiopathic short stature.Ms Tesch and Dr Yaes differ widely in their viewpoints and underscore the fact that the value of treatments for extreme short stature (or other conditions that are semielective and address, to some extent, quality of life) is based, in part, on the degree to which the underlying condition is perceived as representing a form of morbidity.As more such treatments emerge, clinicians will increasingly be confronted with difficult questions about their use.Our study illustrates the reallife difficulties in delivering optimal and equitable health care for nonemergency conditions.We believe that the discrepancy between physician treatment recommendations and insurance coverage constitutes an important challenge to health care delivery and that patients deserve increased and constructive dialogue between physicians and insurers in arriving at coverage decisions.
Synch Before You Speak: Auditory Hallucinations in Schizophrenia
Authors: Judith Ford
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2007)

Objective: Synchronization of neural activity preceding self-generated actions may reflect the operation of the forward model, which acts to dampen sensations resulting from those actions. If this is true, pre-action synchrony should be related to subsequent sensory suppression. Deficits in this mechanism may be characteristic of schizophrenia and related to positive symptoms, such as auditory hallucinations. If so, schizophrenia patients should have reduced neural synchrony preceding movements, especially patients with severe hallucinations. Method: In 24 patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder and 25 healthy comparison subjects, the authors related prespeech neural synchrony to subsequent auditory cortical responsiveness to the spoken sound, compared prespeech neural synchrony in schizophrenia patients and healthy comparison subjects, and related prespeech neural synchrony to auditory hallucination severity in patients. To assess neural synchrony, phase coherence of single-trial EEG preceding talking was calculated at a single site across repeated trials. To assess auditory cortical suppression, the N1 event-related brain potentials to speech sound onset during talking and listening were compared. Results: In healthy comparison subjects, prespeech neural synchrony was related to subsequent suppression of responsiveness to the spoken sound, as reflected in reduction of N1 during talking relative to listening. There was greater prespeech synchrony in comparison subjects than in patients, especially those with severe auditory hallucinations. Conclusions: These data suggest that EEG synchrony preceding speech reflects the action of a forward model system, which dampens auditory responsiveness to self-generated speech and is deficient in patients who hallucinate.
Gene-transfer study approval awaits more data
Authors: C. Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1988)

APPROVAL of the gene-transfer study in cancer patients has been delayed. The proposal was recommended for approval by a National Institutes of Health (NIH) advisory committee, but has been put on hold by James B. Wyngaarden, MD, NIH director, pending submission in writing of further information. Some of this information, now forthcoming, had been withheld because data on preliminary studies had been submitted to peer-reviewed journals. The study involves placing the gene for neomycin-resistance into tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes as a marker. When these cells are injected into the patient, the presence of the marker should enable their fate to be studied over a prolonged period and an improved antitumor regimen could result. The use of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes as immunotherapy has been studied for two years at the NIH's National Cancer Institute under the overall supervision of Steven A. Rosenberg, MD, chief, Surgery Branch. The patients' tumors are removed and the tumor-infiltrating
Tuberculin tine test. A comparative study with purified protein derivative of tuberculin
Authors: F. E. Hull
Journal: JAMA (1968)

The tuberculin tine test (TTT) and the standard purified protein derivative of tuberculin (PPD; 5 tuberculin units [TU]) were compared on 1,242 healthy prisoners. The single 72-hour reading yielded the best TTT sensitivity and specificity, with an intertest disagreement of 3.8%. When the test results were grouped as negative, weak positive, and strong positive, there was about 10% intertest disagreement, unaffected by race or tuberculosis exposure. Respective TTT and PPD limits of 3 to 4 mm and 6 mm permitted as good interest agreement as the usual limits of 2 mm and 5 mm. Eighty-nine percent of all false positive TTT responses were weak positive. Of the false negative TTT responses, none were associated with strong positive PPD responses. The incidence of weak positive TTT or PPD responses (11% to 13%) showed no relationship to race or tuberculosis exposure. The TTT was as sensitive but less specific than the PPD.
Duplicate publication.
Authors: S. Lowry, J. Smith
Journal: BMJ (1992)

thetic control"-atropine substantially reduces nocturnal bronchoconstriction. 2 Non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic nerves also directly innervate bronchial smooth muscle.Capsaicin, a non-adrenergic non-cholinergic stimulant, is less effective at night'3; nocturnal inhibition of non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic nerves seems to contribute modestly to bronchoconstriction.Corticosteroids, adrenaline, and histamine have substantial effects in asthma.Could their plasma concentrations, which exhibit circadian rhythm, be important in nocturnal asthma?Abolishing plasma cortisol's circadian rhythm does not affect the nocturnal fall in peak flow: changes in concentration may represent the body's defensive response to nocturnal asthma rather than be part of its cause.'4Catecholamines seem of little relevance to nocturnal asthma.Although plasma cate- cholamine concentrations fall at night and the sensitivity of ,B adrenoceptors varies throughout the day,'" infusing adrena- line does not improve nocturnal asthma,'6 and adrenalectomy has no effect.The plasma concentration of histamine is raised at night, but its role is unclear: antihistamines are ineffective.5Asthma is being increasingly regarded as an inflammatory disease; could the inflammation of airways vary diurnally?Martin and colleagues suggest that it does."'Fluid obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage from patients with nocturnal asthma contained significantly more neutrophils, eosinophils, lymphocytes, and epithelial cells at 0400 than at 1600.This difference was not found in asthmatic patients without nocturnal asthma.Inflammatory cells could therefore flow into and out of the bronchial tree, producing cyclical epi- thelial damage.This might explain how increased bronchial reactivity, enhanced late asthmatic response, and reduced mucociliary clearance occur in nocturnal asthma.Despite all its idiosyncracies nocturnal asthma may repre- sent a cyclical flare up in the activity of asthma.As with asthma itself we are progressively discovering how nocturnal asthma happens.The challenge now is to understand why.
Anaphylactoid reactions associated with the clinical use of dextran 70
Authors: R. Brisman
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Two of four new cases of anaphylactoid reactions associated with the use of dextran 70 occurred in a consecutive series of 84 hemodynamically stable patients, an incidence of 2.4%. These reactions developed immediately after intravenous infusion of small amounts of dextran 70. The reactions were characterized by generalized subjective discomforts rapidly followed by severe gastrointestinal disturbances and hypotension. The true nature of these reactions and the role and source of prior sensitization in unknown. The infusion of dextran 70 may provoke life-threatening reactions, especially in unconscious patients and in those with preexisting hypotension or intraabdominal pathological conditions.
Nutrition Recommendations and Principles for People With Diabetes Mellitus
Journal: Diabetes Care (1996)

A historical perspective of nutrition recommendations is provided in Table 1. Today there is no one "diabetic" or "ADA" diet. The recommended diet can only be defined as a nutrition prescription based on assessment and treatment goals and outcomes. MNT for people with diabetes should be individualized, with consideration given to usual eating habits and other lifestyle factors. Nutrition recommendations are then developed and implemented to meet treatment goals and desired outcomes. Monitoring metabolic parameters, including blood glucose levels, glycated hemoglobin, lipids, blood pressure, body weight, and renal function, if appropriate, as well as quality of life, is crucial to ensure successful outcomes. Furthermore, it is essential that ongoing nutrition self-management education and care be provided for individuals with diabetes.
Erratum
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1945)

In volume 5, number 6, of the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, figures 2 and 3 on pages 453 and 454 are interchanged, that appearing on page 453, shows two views of adrenal cortex, as described in the legend for figure 3, and the figure on page 454, sections from ovaries, as described in legend for figure 2.
Misrepresentation of Academic Accomplishments by Applicants for Gastroenterology Fellowships
Authors: Harpreet Brar
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1996)

Letters15 February 1996Misrepresentation of Academic Accomplishments by Applicants for Gastroenterology FellowshipsHarpreet Brar, MDHarpreet Brar, MDUniversity of Washington; Seattle, WA 98795Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-124-4-199602150-00021 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Until recently, I was in the foray for a gastroenterology fellowship spot and can vouch for the stress associated with the process. Although I find it unsavory, I am not surprised to learn that some persons, especially those with a high level of motivation, may be moved to manufacture additional “data” to appear more favorable to selection committees.Sekas and Hutson [1] allude to the “confidential” nature of material provided by an applicant, yet they could not overcome this moral hurdle. They used these data to produce their article but did not inform the parent institutions—those writing ...References1. Sekas G, Hutson WR. Misrepresentation of academic accomplishments by applicants for gastroenterology fellowships. Ann Intern Med. 1995; 123:38-41. Google Scholar2. Kimball HR. Credentials misrepresentation: another challenge to professionalism [Editorial]. Ann Intern Med. 1995; 123:58-9. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of Washington; Seattle, WA 98795 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 February 1996Volume 124, Issue 4Page: 457KeywordsFellowshipsMotivationPatientsResidency Issue Published: 15 February 1996 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1996 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Oxygen cost of breathing in patients with emphysema or chronic bronchitis in acute respiratory failure.
Authors: V Jounieaux, I Mayeux
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1995)

This study compared the oxygen cost of breathing (VO2 resp) in 19 patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease intubated for acute respiratory failure. Ten patients showed radiologic (X-ray and/or computed tomographic scan) evidence of emphysema. The remaining ones were considered as having chronic bronchitis. Measurements were made just before extubation. Despite similar expiratory airflow obstruction, patients with emphysema exhibited significantly higher VO2 resp than patients with chronic bronchitis (109 +/- 61 versus 42 +/- 26 ml/min/m2, respectively; p < 0.006). Moreover, emphysema was associated with nutritional depletion assessed through decreases in body mass index (emphysema: 17.9 +/- 3.5 kg/m2; chronic bronchitis: 28.8 +/- 8.2 kg/m2; p < 0.005). This seemed to affect somatic stores (significant decreases in arm muscular circumference and triceps skin-fold thickness, whereas visceral stores were preserved (no decreases in serum albumin, serum prealbumin, and retinol binding protein). Malnutrition appeared to be the consequence of a hypermetabolic state of the respiratory muscles, with a significant negative correlation between VO2 resp and body mass index, arm muscular circumference, and triceps skinfold thickness (p < 0.05). Total oxygen consumption normalized for body surface was similar in the two groups. Thus, in emphysematous patients, the oxygen available for tissues other than respiratory muscles was significantly reduced (emphysema: 124 +/- 51 ml/min/m2; chronic bronchitis: 207 +/- 78 ml/min/m2; p < 0.02). This could explain nutritional differences observed between patients with emphysema and those with chronic bronchitis.