tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effect of fluticasone propionate and salmeterol on &lt;I&gt;Pseudomonas aeruginosa&lt;/I&gt; infection of the respiratory mucosa &lt;I&gt;in vitro&lt;/I&gt;
Authors: R.B. Dowling, M. Johnson, P.J. Cole, R. Wilson
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1999)

Paralysis with pancuronium bromide is used in newborn infants to facilitate ventilatory support during respiratory failure. Changes in lung mechanics have been attributed to paralysis. The aim of this study was to examine whether or not paralysis per se has an influence on the passive respiratory mechanics, resistance (Rrs) and compliance (Crs) of the respiratory system in newborn infants. In 30 infants with acute respiratory failure, Rrs was measured during paralysis with pancuronium bromide and after stopping pancuronium bromide (group A). Rrs was also measured in an additional 10 ventilated infants in a reversed fashion (group B): Rrs was measured first in nonparalysed infants and then they were paralysed, mainly for diagnostic procedures, and the Rrs measurement repeated. As Rrs is highly dependent on lung volume, several parameters, that depend directly on lung volume were recorded: inspiratory oxygen fraction (FI,O2), arterial oxygen tension/alveolar oxygen tension (a/A) ratio and volume above functional residual capacity (FRC). In group A, the Rrs was not different during (0.236+/-0.09 cmH2O x s x mL(-1)) and after (0.237+/-0.07 cmH2O x s x mL(-1)) paralysis. Also, in group B, Rrs did not change (0.207+/-0.046 versus 0.221+/-0.046 cm x s x mL(-1) without versus with pancuronium bromide). FI,O2, a/A ratio and volume above FRC remained constant during paralysis. These data demonstrate that paralysis does not influence the resistance of the total respiratory system in ventilated term and preterm infants when measured at comparable lung volumes.
Proceedings of the British Thoracic Association and the Thoracic Society
Journal: Thorax (1981)

the Royal Free Hospital, London.Hong Kong Chest Service/British Medical Research Council controlled trial of four three-times-weekly regimens and a daily regimen all given for six months for pulmonary tuberculosis S L CHAN The policy of the tuberculosis treatment services in Hong Kong is to give every dose of chemo- therapy for pulmonary tuberculosis under the direct supervision of the staff on a predominantly outpatient basis.There is therefore much interest in fully inter- mittent short-course regimens requiring, as they do, fewer attendances at treatment centres than daily supervised regimens.In a previous study of smear- positive pulmonary tuberculosis in Hong Kong, a fully intermittent six-month regimen of streptomycin, isoniazid, rifampicin, and pyrazinamide three times a week for four months, followed by streptomycin, iso- niazid, and pyrazinamide twice a week, had a bacteriological relapse rate of 6% in patients with fully drug- sensitive strains of tubercle bacilli pretreatment and a higher rate in patients with drug-resistant strains.In planning the present smear-positive study, it was argued that maintaining the frequency of drug administration at three times a week and continuing rifampicin administration for the whole six months would substantially strengthen the regimen.Also, in order to study the relative importance of pyrazina- mide, streptomycin, and ethambutol, four three-times- weekly regimens are being compared.All contain isoniazid (H), and rifampicin (R), supplemented by all three or only two of the drugs pyrazinamide (Z), streptomycin (S), and ethambutol (E), the regimens being HRSZE, HRSZ, HRSE, and HRZE.A daily regimen of the four orally administered drugs (HRZE) is also being studied.A total of 1207 patients were admitted to the study.The latest results will be presented.
Cirrhosis doesn't influence response to interferon therapy of chronic hepatitis B *Service d'H�pato-gastroent�rologie et **Service de Virologie;CHU Toulouse-Purpan 31059 Toulouse Cedex, ***Service de M�decine Interne A,CHU Toulouse-Rangueil 31054 Toulouse Cedex-France
Journal: Hepatology (1995)
A novel program of continuing medical education
Authors: M. R. Dollinger
Journal: JAMA (1972)

Practicing physicians have great demands on their time and energy and it is increasingly difficult to continue medical education on a systematic and regular basis. Most continuing education courses stress passive transfer of information in a classroom type of situation, typically a short burst of didactic instruction lasting one to five days, usually at a medical center remote from the physician's home and area of practice. Most of these formal courses do not involve continuous education over a relatively long period of time, or active participation on the part of the doctor. During the past three years, practicing physicians in the South Bay area of Los Angeles, the full-time staff of the Department of Medicine at Harbor General Hospital, and California Regional Medical Programs Area IV (UCLA) have recognized the need for a continuing education program which would keep practicing physicians, especially generalists and internists, up-to-date in various specialties of
Theophylline Reassessed
Authors: MARIA BUKOWSKYJ
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1984)

Advances have recently been made in understanding the pharmacokinetics of theophylline. To correlate the new knowledge of theophylline pharmacokinetics with the drug's current status in therapy, we have critically reviewed the relevant investigations of the last 5 years. We consider data on its presumed mechanisms of action, factors affecting its clearance, its use in pregnancy, treatment of overdoses, and important drug interactions. Theophylline clearance is decreased by concomitant use of erythromycin, cimetidine, high-dose allopurinol, oral contraceptives, and caffeine. Clearance is increased by concomitant use of phenobarbital and phenytoin. Newly discovered actions of theophylline include dose-dependent improvement of diaphragmatic contractility, augmentation of ventilatory response to hypoxia, and sleep disturbances (especially with high-dose treatments). Points clinically relevant to the daily use of theophylline derivatives and the importance of sustained-release preparations are discussed. Theophylline continues to play a major role in therapy for reactive airways disease.
British Medical Journal
Journal: BMJ (1934)

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<i>Reports of Austrian Hospitals for the lnsane.—I Jabreebericht der niederoesterreichischen Landesirrenanstalten Wien, Ybbs, Klosterneuburg und des Irrnenstaltsfiliales Gugging-Kierling pro 1889</i>. (Annual Report of the Lower Austrian Public Institutions for the Insane at Vienna, Ybbs. Klosterneuburg, and the Branch Institution at Gugging-Kierling for 1889.)
Authors: W. L. W.
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1892)
Pituitary Function
Authors: Joseph F. Dingman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1971)

THE anterior pituitary body secretes at least six polypeptide hormones: growth hormone (GH) or somatotropin promotes growth and has other important metabolic actions; adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), or thyrotropin, regulate the secretion of adrenocortical and thyroid hormones respectively; follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) promotes maturation of the graafian follicle and estrogen secretion in women and development of the spermatic tubules in men; luteinizing hormone (LH) initiates ovulation and progesterone secretion in women and stimulates testosterone secretion by the interstitial Leyclig cells of the testicle; and prolactin stimulates secretion of milk by the developed breast. Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH), which is produced . . .
THE INCIDENCE OF CANCER
Journal: JAMA (1922)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Adrenal Histoplasmosis
Authors: Vanessa Sanders, Joseph Donald, Barry A. Siegel
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2018)

An 89-year-old woman presented with seizure and hyponatremia. CT and MRI demonstrated mass-like enlargement of the adrenal glands and multiple pulmonary nodules. PET/CT performed to evaluate for metastatic disease demonstrated intense F-FDG uptake within enlarged adrenal glands. Given mild uptake in the pulmonary nodules, the differential diagnosis for the adrenal uptake included lymphoma, granulomatous infection, and less likely, metastatic lung cancer.
Book Review Sexual Disorders in the Male . By Kenneth Walker, F.R.C.S., and Eric B. Strauss, D.M. F.R.C.P., with a foreword by Sir Walter Langdon-Brown, M.A., M.D., D.Sc., F.R.C.P. 8°, cloth, 248 pp., with 9 illustrations. Baltimore: Williams &amp; Wilkins Company, 1939. $3.00.
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1940)
The influence of the vehicle on the synthesis of porphyrins after topical application of 5-aminolaevulinic acid. Implications in cutaneous photodynamic sensitization
Authors: A. Casas, H. Fukuda, G. Di Venosa, A.M. Del C.batlle
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2000)

Background The optimal vehicle to ensure adequate penetration of 5‐aminolaevulinic acid (ALA) for its use in photodynamic therapy (PDT) of skin lesions has not been determined. Objectives We aimed to study the effects of ALA in various vehicle formulations [saline lotion with and without dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO), cream, liposomes and vaseline] after topical application in a murine subcutaneous adenocarcinoma model. Methods The effect of DMSO on porphyrin synthesis and ALA penetration through the skin was studied by measuring the uptake of 14C label from ALA, ALA and porphobilinogen accumulation, and some haem enzyme activities. The tissue distribution and kinetics of porphyrin synthesis after topical application of ALA entrapped in large multilamellar liposomes was also determined. Results ALA in saline lotion, alone or with 10% DMSO, proved to be the most efficient vehicle for tumour porphyrin accumulation (mean ± SD 1·75 ± 0·25 and 2·09 ± 0·39 µg g−1, respectively), whereas cream and liposomes induced lower levels and identical porphyrin accumulation (0·60 µg g−1). Using ALA + DMSO saline lotion, a higher porphyrin accumulation was found in skin overlying the tumour tissue and in the first 2 mm of tumour, probably due to increased ALA penetration, or greater interconversion to porphyrins, or greater retention of ALA and/or porphyrins. Conclusions These findings reinforce the importance of the vehicle in topical ALA‐based PDT, and explain the mechanism of action of DMSO in enhancing protoporphyrin IX biosynthesis in superficial lesions.
Alternative therapies study moves into new phase
Authors: C. Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1992)

EVALUATION of alternative medical practices is ready to proceed at the National Institutes of Health, says Stephen C. Groft, PharmD. Groft is acting director of the National Institutes of Health's Office for the Study of Unconventional Medical Practices in Bethesda, Md (<i>JAMA</i>. 1992;268: 957-958). Based on two meetings to date, he is preparing a report—to be completed in January or February—that will constitute his office's research agenda. Speaking after the fall meeting, Groft predicted that "information and data generated from these evaluations will be useful to the scientific and medical communities as well as the general public." Practices that will be looked into include nutritional and life-style modifications, counseling and prayer therapies, hands-on healing, and acupuncture, homeopathy, and traditional oriental medicine, among others. <h3>Permanent Appointments</h3> A permanent director will be appointed soon and a permanent advisory committee created. The two meetings so far have been with ad hoc advisory groups.
Methotrexate in abdominal pregnancy
Authors: J. T. St Clair
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Laparotomy was performed at term on a patient with an abdominal pregnancy and she was delivered of a normal, viable infant. The placenta was not disturbed. The umbilical arteries were catheterized, and the placenta was perfused with methotrexate in an effort to shorten its life and vascularity. Urinary chorionic gonadotropin excretion was quantitated following delivery and after treatment with methotrexate. A rapid drop in the chorionic gonadotropin titer occurred. Roentgenographic contrast studies demonstrated the vascularity of the placenta before and after treatment.
Cold Feet
Authors: Paul D. Danielson
Journal: JAMA (1991)

Slush was common in March. The upstate New York snow could never accomplish its task of melting. Instead it would linger for a month and quietly aggravate everything. People tracked it into buildings and dripped it onto car floormats. Nothing short of rubber boots would protect one's feet, but that was an empty victory since trouser legs collected the splatter anyway. For those fated to live in the city, slush was the unavoidable precursor to spring. The medical center housekeeping staff saw a challenge in this winter morass. However, their custodial efforts never stopped the seepage of another inclemency. No one could sufficiently define it or explain it, but everyone recognized the "blahs." The attendings grew more critical, the nurses more exacting, the residents more exhausted, and the patients more difficult. The affliction struck medical students in similar form. I was slouched in the second-year lecture hall as slide after
Prevention of excess mortality in refugee and displaced populations in developing countries
Authors: M. J. Toole
Journal: JAMA (1990)

More than 30 million refugees and internally displaced persons in developing countries are currently dependent on international relief assistance for their survival. Most of this assistance is provided by Western nations such as the United States. Mortality rates in these populations during the acute phase of displacement have been extremely high, up to 60 times the expected rates. Displaced populations in northern Ethiopia (1985) and southern Sudan (1988) have suffered the highest crude mortality rates. Although mortality rates have risen in all age groups, excess mortality has been the greatest in 1- through 14-year-old children. The major causes of death have been measles, diarrheal diseases, acute respiratory tract infections, and malaria. Case-fatality ratios for these diseases have risen due to the prevalence of both protein-energy malnutrition and certain micronutrient deficiencies. Despite current technical knowledge and resources, several recent relief programs have failed to promptly implement essential public health programs such as provision of adequate food rations, clean water and sanitation, measles immunization, and control of communicable diseases. Basic structural changes in the way international agencies implement and coordinate assistance to displaced populations are urgently needed. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1990;263:3296-3302)
Silver Sulfadiazine
Authors: John C. Ballin
Journal: JAMA (1975)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> On principle, I agree with Dr. Foley that controlled clinical trials for drugs used in burn therapy would be useful. I think, however, that Dr. Foley underestimates the difficulty of doing this. Among the many problems one might encounter in attempting trials are these: Adequate number of burned patients to make the trials statistically significant, Wide variation in extent and depth of burn—this would be difficult to control even by randomization, Ethical considerations in giving "control" patients either a placebo or a mode of therapy deemed not optimal, Difficulty in interpreting results when patients receive many different modalities of treatment (topical therapy, systemic antibiotics, parenteral fluids, debridement, etc).
Preparation of Lactic Acid Milk Mixtures for Infant Feeding.
Journal: JAMA (1927)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Contents
Authors: Peter Netland, Tianjing Li, Kay Dickersin, David Crabb, Nicholas Smith, Fiona Glen, Robyn Burton, David Garway-Heath, Melissa Wong, Rahat Husain, Bryan Ang, Gus Gazzard, Paul Frcophth, Hla Foster, Tina Htoon, Francis Wong, Peng Frcsed, Steve Khaw, Tin Seah, Emmanuelle Souzeau, Kathryn Burdon, Andrew Dubowsky, Scott Grist, Bronwyn Usher, Jude Fitzgerald, April Crawford, Alex Hewitt, Ivan Goldberg, Richard Mills, Jonathan Ruddle, John Landers, David Mackey, Jamie Craig, Isabel Lai, Heather Mak, Gilda Lai, Marco Yu, Dennis Lam, Christopher Leung, Cindy Ung, Elisa Zhang, Tatyana Alfaro, Yohko Murakami, Monica Zhang, Michael Seider, Shan Lin, Kuldev Singh, Min Chen, Lixin Xie, Massimo Busin, Silvana Madi, Paolo Santorum, Vincenzo Scorcia, Jacqueline Beltz, Joseph Ciolino, Michael Belin, Amit Todani, Khalid Al-Arfaj, Christopher Rudnisky, Boston Keratoprosthesis
Journal: Ophthalmology (2013)
Weight Reduction
Authors: Max Wishnofsky
Journal: JAMA (1963)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —In the "Questions and Answers" section ofThe Journal(<b>80</b>:797 [June 2] 1962), a query is made as to the deleterious effect of a 2-mo total abstinence from food on a healthy, but extremely overweight, man. Dr. Jean Mayer answered in part as follows: "Total starvation in a very obese patient would lead to a deficit of 5 or 6 lb a week, but this will be at the expense of his working efficiency, will entail definite physiological and psychological risks...." There is, a far more fundamental criticism of prolonged fasting as a method of weight reduction. Protein cannot be stored dry, but retains with it three or more parts of water, while fat can be stored in an almost pure state. Thus, the loss of 1 lb (0.5 kg) of body protein (caloric value 1,850), with the concomitant loss of 3 lb (1.4 kg) of
Interstate Reciprocity and Frauds in Medical Schools.
Authors: Dudley Tait
Journal: JAMA (1906)

San Francisco, Aug. 23, 1906. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —In the discussion of the perplexing problem of interstate reciprocity one important phase of the question has apparently been totally overlooked: the necessity of the coöperation of examining boards in the investigation of medical colleges. Forgetful of the fact that the origin of examining boards is directly traceable to the fraudulent acts of medical colleges, boards authorized by law to go behind diplomas are notoriously prone to accept diplomas as<i>prima facie</i>evidence of regular and complete college work. Thus the erudite secretary of the Michigan board writes that in all his career he has never had occasion to reject a diploma from a recognized medical school. Thorough investigation of credentials entails no small amount of labor, but it has already demonstrated that colleges violate the rules contained in their own published announcements and graduate students in violation of the state laws.
Zh Mikrobiol, Epidem i Immunol, Moscow
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Survival From Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest After Chest Compression–Only CPR
Authors: Kenneth J. Gorelick
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal