tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Bioavailability of Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4) After Exposure to Silicones by Inhalation and Implantation
Authors: Hoan-My Do Luu, Joseph C. Hutter
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2001)

We developed a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model to predict the target organ doses of octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D(4)) after intravenous (IV), inhalation, or implantation exposures. The model used (14)C-D(4) IV disposition data in rats to estimate tissue distribution coefficients, metabolism, and excretion parameters. We validated the model by comparing the predicted blood and tissues concentrations of D(4) after inhalation to experimental results in both rats and humans. We then used the model to simulate D(4) kinetics after single and/or repeated D(4) exposures in rats and humans. The model predicted bioaccumulation of D(4) in fatty tissues (e.g., breast), especially in women. Because of its high lipid solubility (Log P(oct/water) = 5.1), D(4) persisted in fat with a half life of 11.1 days after inhalation and 18.2 days after breast implant exposure. Metabolism and excretion remained constant with repeated exposures, larger doses, and/or different routes of exposure. The accumulation of D(4) in fatty tissues should play an important role in the risk assessment of D(4) especially in women exposed daily to multiple personal care products and silicone breast implants.
Significance of the Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome.
Journal: BMJ (1968)

hospital, general practice, or elsewhere, the young doctor at this stage would enter about three years of " general professional training " corresponding to what he now receives in senior-house-officer and registrar grades.On satisfactory completion of this stage he would receive a certificate, and this, the report suggests, should allow the trainee to be accepted nto membership of the college in the special branch of medicine to which he is progressing.Then he would do two years of " further professional training," again followed by assessment.On completing that successfully he would be admitted to his appropriate vocational register and he could proceed in the hospital field to specialist and then to con- cultant ; while in general practice he could become a principal.Such in broad outline are the proposals for education to rhe stage of independent practice, of which more details
Du Glaucoma et de L'Hypotonie.
Journal: JAMA (1923)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Surgical Diseases of the Ovaries and Fallopian Tubes, Including Tubal Pregnancy,
Journal: JAMA (1892)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Outlines of Physical Diagnosis of the Circulatory and Respiratory Systems. Prepared from the Lectures of Thomas Barnes Futcher, M.D., Associate Professor of Clinical Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University Medical School.
Journal: JAMA (1921)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
No link exists between blood transfusion and sporadic CJD
Journal: BMJ (2000)

Cardioprotective value of aspirin in primary prevention is greater the lower the blood pressure In primary prevention, middle aged men at increased risk of coronary heart disease seem to benefit more from aspirin when systolic blood pressure is lower.The use of aspirin, often self prescribed, in those who have so far not experienced heart attacks requires careful consideration as only a few episodes will be prevented and even low doses of aspirin may carry an appreciable risk of potentially serious bleeding.The US physicians trial suggested that older men and those with low cholesterol concentrations would benefit most, but the UK thrombosis prevention trial (p 13) does not confirm these suggestions.The UK trial in 5499 men treated over nearly seven years showed that the risk of heart attacks was reduced by about half in those with lower blood pressures whereas there was little if any effect in those with higher pressures.These findings need to be confirmed or refuted, however, before they are taken as firm evidence in clinical practice.No link exists between blood transfusion and sporadic CJD
Angel dust
Authors: S. Cohen
Journal: JAMA (1977)

PHENCYCLIDINE hydrochloride (Sernylan) was investigated during the 1950s as an anesthetic agent. Although it was found to be effective for analgesia and anesthesia, certain side effects, especially postoperative agitation and delirium that lasts for hours, precluded its final acceptance. Later, phencyclidine was discovered to be a satisfactory anesthetic agent for certain animals, and is currently marketed for that purpose. A chemically related compound, ketamine hydrochloride (Ketalar) is employed as a human anesthetic. On the street, phencyclidine is known by some 20 names, including "Angel Dust," "PCP," and "Hog." Angel dust appears in many forms: as a crystalline powder, and as tablets and capsules in a variety of colors, shapes, and sizes. Angel dust is manufactured by kitchen chemists from readily available precursors. The procedure is not complicated and supplies are plentiful. This explains why phencyclidine is a common substitute for less available psychedelic drugs such as mescaline. An occasional batch
Lighting a candle in the dark: advances in genetics and gene therapy of recessive retinal dystrophies
Authors: Anneke I. den Hollander, Aaron Black, Jean Bennett, Frans P.M. Cremers
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2010)

In the Methods section titled "Fatty acid infusion," the dose of fatty acids delivered centrally was given incorrectly.The correct sentence appears below.The cannula was connected via a polyethylene catheter to a subcutaneous osmotic minipump (Alza Corporation) filled with either palmitic or oleic acid (equimolar concentrations, 50 μmol/l; Sigma-Aldrich) or vehicle (PBS) for continuous infusion over 3 days.The authors regret the error.
Restricted diversification of T‐cells in chronic active Epstein‐Barr virus infection: Potential inclination to T‐lymphoproliferative disease
Authors: Shouichi Ohga, Nobuhiro Kimura, Hidetoshi Takada, Mituyuki Nagano, Kohichi Ohshima, Akihiko Nomura, Kenji Muraoka, Hiromichi Take, Shunji Yamamori, Toshiro Hara
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1999)

To assess the abnormal T-cell expansion in chronic active Epstein-Barr virus infection (CAEBV), T-cell antigen receptor (TCR) repertoire was analyzed in four patients with the disease. All fulfilled the diagnostic criteria of CAEBV, presenting with fever, hepatosplenomegaly, cytopenia, abnormal high titers of anti EBV-antibodies, and positive EBV genome of unknown cause. Southern blotting probed with EBV-terminal repeats and TCR Cβ gene indicated clonal expansion of the infected cells in 3 and 2 patients, respectively. The number of CD4+ HLA-DR+ cells appreciably increased in patients 1 (59%) and 2 (24%), who had a coronary aneurysm and central nervous system involvement, respectively. TCR gene expression examined by the inverse polymerase chain reaction methods revealed that Vβ gene usages were preferential in all patients (Vβ7 and Vβ12: patient 1, Vβ4: patient 2, Vβ13: patients 3 and 4), compared with those in healthy controls. Vα18 gene expression was remarkably high in patients 1 and 2. Moreover, Jβ gene expression was skewing in the reigning Vβ clones in all patients. Vβ4-Jβ1.5 and Vβ13-Jβ1.5 genes were clonally expressed in patients 2 and 4, respectively. These results suggest that CAEBV is associated with the restricted diversity of T-cells, which may stem from the sustained expansion of oligoclonal T-cells possibly driven by conventional viral antigens, but not, superantigens. Although the study is limited by the small number of patients, the unbalanced T-cell repertoire might contribute to the evolution of T-lymphoproliferative disease, otherwise, imply the innate defective immunity to EBV in CAEBV patients. Am. J. Hematol. 61:26–33, 1999. © 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Challenges Facing Family Practice and Primary Care
Authors: Shakoora Omonuwa
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Pharyngeal pseudodiverticulum in an adult
Authors: F. J. Scarpa
Journal: JAMA (1975)

Posterior perforation of the cervical portion of the esophagus may present deceptive clinical and roentgenographic pictures. In the neonate, the clinical picture resembles that of esophageal atresia; in the adult, the roentgenographic appearance may resemble Zenker diverticulum. In either instance, treatment should be no different from that employed for more commonplace esophageal perforations, namely, prompt, aggressive surgical intervention. (<i>JAMA</i>234:740-741, 1975)
Abstract P032: Increased Abdominal Aortic Diameters on Multidetector CT Scan Are Independent Predictors of Incident Adverse Cardiovascular Events: The Framingham Heart Study
Authors: Saadia Qazi, Joseph M Massaro, Michael L Chuang, Ralph B D’Agostino, Udo Hoffmann, Christopher J O’Donnell
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: Adverse aortic remodeling, such as dilation, is cross-sectionally associated with multiple cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. We sought to determine whether increased, though not necessarily aneurysmal, abdominal aortic diameters augment prediction of incident adverse CVD events above standard CVD risk factors in a community-dwelling cohort. This may be useful since the aorta is often incidentally visualized on computed tomography (CT) body scans performed for indications other than CVD risk stratification. Methods: Participants (N=3318, aged 50±10y, 51% M) from the Framingham Offspring and Third Generation Cohorts who were free of clinical CVD, had complete risk factor profiles (collected at the adjacent cycle exams), and had non-contrast, abdominal multidetector CT scans (MDCT) during 2002-2005 were included in this study. Anteroposterior (AP) and left-right (LR) diameters were measured in the infrarenal (IAA) and lower abdominal (LAA) aorta. The IAA was measured at 5 cm above the aortoiliac bifurcation and the LAA was measured at one slice level (2.5mm) above the bifurcation of the abdominal aorta into the common iliac arteries. For each segment, the greater of AP and LR diameters was used in the analyses. Adverse events comprised CVD death, myocardial infarction, coronary insufficiency, index admission for heart failure, and stroke. For each aortic segment, hazard of an adverse event for enlarged IAA or LAA diameter (enlarged was defined as ≥ upper 90 th percentile diameter for age, sex and BSA) was determined using multivariable (MV) adjusted Cox proportional hazards models. Results: Over a mean 8.8±2.0y of follow-up, there were 149 incident adverse CVD events. In multivariable models adjusted for traditional CVD risk factors, enlarged IAA was associated with greater hazard of an adverse CVD event (HR 1.62; 95% CI 1.07-2.46; p=0.022). However, the association of enlarged LAA with adverse CVD events was borderline (HR 1.56; 95% CI 0.99-2.46; p=0.054). Conclusion: Among community-dwelling adults initially free of clinical CVD, enlarged infrarenal abdominal (IAA) aortic diameter, as determined from noncontrast MDCT scans, augments prediction of incident adverse CVD events above traditional risk factors alone.
OBSTETRICAL ESSAYS
Authors: T. N. A. Jeffcoate
Journal: BMJ (1955)

<h3>ABSTRACT</h3> Theoretical and experimental evidence suggest that the induction of oscillatory activity by an external rhythmic source on a specific brain area is maximally efficient if the input pattern matches its so-called ‘natural’ frequency, defined as the predominant neural rhythm at which the activity of this area tends to fluctuate spontaneously. Based on this principle, single pulse Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) coupled to scalp electroencephalography (EEG) has provided evidence of frequency-specific power increases within a unique ‘natural’ frequency band, considered common to the whole lobe. In an attempt to gain deeper insight into this phenomenon and set the basis for a finer-grained atlas of ‘natural’ frequencies, here we analyzed intracranial EEG (iEEG) signals modulated by single pulses of direct electrical brain stimulation in human patients implanted with depth multielectrodes. Our analyses revealed changes in local EEG activity emerging from local oscillators and contributing to a complex distribution of frequency-specific ‘natural’ rhythmic responses throughout cortical regions. Moreover, challenging the notion of ‘natural’ oscillations featuring a predominant frequency band characteristic for an entire lobe, our data support a rich diversity of spectral fingerprints (narrowband, vs. broadband or multiband) with single or multiple frequency peaks, often encompassing contiguous frequency bands, operating at a very local scale. Our findings contribute novel insights on which specific brain areas could be more likely to be synchronized at a given frequencies band and their preferred coupling frequencies, features that could ultimately inform on their structural and functional organization. Our results may also increase our mechanistic understanding of invasive and noninvasive brain stimulation and promote further developments of these approaches for the manipulation of brain oscillations subtending normal and impaired cognition.
PTU-024 Endoscopic Cholecystogastrostomy in a Patient with Gallbladder Empyema Secondary to Cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: B Paranandi, MK Nayar, J Scott, RM Charnley, C Wilson, KW Oppong
Journal: Gut (2016)

<h3>Introduction</h3> In cases of obstruction of the gallbladder (GB) or cystic duct where surgery is high risk, EUS guided GB drainage (EUS-GBD) is reported to have comparable efficacy to percutaneous drainage.<sup>1</sup> However, the technique has not been widely adopted due to lack of specific devices and concerns about leakage and stent migration. Lumen apposing metal stents (LAMS) have been developed to minimise the risk and simplify the procedure. A novel (Hot AXIOS™) device has recently become available and this consists of a stent and electrocautery-enhanced delivery system, enabling a single device to be used when previously multiple devices and steps were required. There is a single case report of its use for EUS-GBD in the literature.<sup>2</sup> A 68 year-old female, presented with obstructive jaundice, due to inoperable hilar cholangiocarcinoma. A Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography (PTC) procedure was performed and an internal external drain placed. Shortly afterwards she developed clinical features of cholecystitis. A CT scan showed gross distension of the GB and a GB stone. There was extensive pericholecystic fluid with fat stranding. Following HPB MDT discussion, a decision was made to perform EUS-GBD using a Hot AXIOS™. <h3>Methods</h3> The procedure was undertaken under conscious sedation, using a therapeutic echoendoscope. The optimal site for access was identified as being in the antrum. The GB was punctured with the Hot-AXIOS device (15 mm x 10 mm (W x L) 24 mm flange diameter stent) and a cutting current was applied. X-ray screening was used; however, deployment was entirely under EUS control. The stent was dilated with a 10 mm balloon. <h3>Results</h3> The procedure was well tolerated and completed within 15 minutes. The stent was in a good position on EUS and fluoroscopy. A large amount of pus drained immediately. There was a rapid improvement in clinical condition and inflammatory markers over the next few days. Biliary drainage was internalised with placement of 2 metal stents. CT scans 8 days and 7 weeks post placement showed the stent in a good position with resolution of the cholecystitis. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Technical and clinical success was achieved in this case which to the best of our knowledge is the first EUS-GBD procedure in the UK utilising this device. Further experience of EUS-GBD with the Hot AXIOS™ and randomised controlled trials against percutaneous drainage are required to delineate its role in high risk surgical cases. <h3>References</h3> 1 Jang JW, <i>et al. Gastroenterol</i>. 2012 Apr;<b>142</b>(4):805–11. 2 Teoh AYB, <i>et al.</i><i>GIE</i> 2014;<b>80</b>(6):1171. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
An ex vivo chemoresponse assay predicts carboplatin-induced progression-free interval in ovarian cancer
Authors: R. Coleman, T. Herzog, S. Hosford, B.-U. Sevin, A. Wells, L. Fiori, H. Gallion
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

5134 Background: Carboplatin is the mainstay of primary ovarian cancer and is often used in recurrent ovarian cancer. The ability to identify tumors that will respond to this drug prior to selection of therapy would allow patients to avoid ineffective treatments and should lead to an improvement in outcome. Methods: We evaluated an ex vivo chemoresponse assay in predicting progression-free interval (PFI) in patients with ovarian cancer in response to Carboplatin-containing regimens. 128 women with primary or recurrent ovarian carcinoma, who were subsequently treated with a Carboplatin-containing regimen, had tumors tested with an ex vivo chemoresponse assay between 4/30/1997 and 4/30/2002. The assay results were scored for sensitivity or resistance based on live cell number after exposure to varied concentrations of Carboplatin. PFI and assay results were linked by an independent contract research organization. Cox Proportional Hazard Model analysis was used to identify independent prognostic factors. Results: Results of the Carboplatin assays for these patients were a significant independent predictor of PFI (p=0.049, Hazard Ratio (HR) of cases with a Resistant assay result vs. a Sensitive assay result (HRR-S)=2.52 [95% CI: 1.01 to 6.30], HR of patients with a Resistant assay result vs. an Intermediate assay result (HRR-I)=1.59 [95% CI: 1.00 to 2.51]). Further, the predictive accuracy of the assay improved as process improvements were implemented: 70 primary assays before 1/1/2001 were suggestive (p=0.16, HRR-S=2.60 [95% CI: 0.69 to 9.86]); whereas 43 primary assays since 1/1/2001 were significant (p=0.048, HRR-S =4.58 [95% CI: 1.01 to 20.80]). Conclusion: These data demonstrate the utility of an ex vivo chemoresponse assay in predicting the clinical outcome of ovarian cancer patients treated with Carboplatin-containing regimens. Moreover, continuous quality improvements enhanced the efficacy of the ex vivo chemoresponse assay. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Precision Therapeutics, Inc. Precision Therapeutics, Inc. Precision Therapeutics, Inc.