tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Phase III results of adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) versus “wait and see” (WS) in patients with pT3 prostate cancer following radical prostatectomy (RP) (ARO 96–02/AUO AP 09/95)
Authors: T. Wiegel, D. Bottke, N. Willich, H.-J. Piechota, R. Souchon, M. Stoeckle, C. Ruebe, A. Hinke, W. Hinkelbein, K. Miller
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

4513 Background: Adjuvant RT for pT3 R1 or R0 patients (pts.) after RP remains controversial. Results of an EORTC-phase-III-study (with unknown PSA-status after RP) suggested a 20% better biochemical control (bNED) after 5 years for RT. Methods: 385 men with prostate cancer were randomized to either 60 Gy RT (arm A; n=193) or, WS" (arm B; n=192) before achieving an undetectable PSA. Pts. were stratified for Gleason-score, margin status, neoadjuvant hormonal treatment and stage (pT3A+B vs. C). When the undetectable PSA-level after RP was not achieved, the pts. were stated as ,progressive disease" and left arm A/B and were irradiated. PSA-progression for pts. with undetectable PSA was stated after two consecutive increasing PSA out of the undetectable range. Primary endpoint was bNED. Study was powered to demonstrate a 15% increase in bNED for RT. Results: 78 pts. (20%) did not achieve an undetectable PSA and were stated as progressive disease (arm A: 45 pts., arm B: 33 pts.). Additionally, 32 pts. (21%) from the RT-arm did not receive RT. Therefore, 108 pts. had RT (arm A) and 153 pts. WS (arm B). Median follow up was 40 months for arm A and 38,5 months for arm B. BNED at 4 years increased to 81% for arm A (RT-108 pts.) compared with 60% for arm B (WS-153 pts.) (p<0.0001, hazard ratio 0.4). The rate of late grade II side effects for the rectum was 3%. Conclusions: Adjuvant radiotherapy for pT3 prostate cancer significantly reduces the risk of biochemical progression after radiacal prostatectomy. The rate of side effects is very low. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Hazards of inactivity
Authors: G. M. Martin
Journal: JAMA (1966)

The deleterious effects of inactivity on the functional capacities of several organ systems in the human are effectively documented and described by Kottke elsewhere in this issue (p 825). For many years physiologists have studied the effects of exercise on the cardiovascular and neuromuscular systems, so that we are now well aware of many specific physiologic effects of mild and strenuous physical activity on cardiac function, circulation, and muscular strength, and thus have the basic knowledge useful in the management of many patients. However, only relatively recently have physiologists become actively concerned in evaluating physiologic effects of bed rest, immobilization, and varying states of<i>inactivity</i>. The knowledge obtained from these and future studies should be of vital interest to physicians and others concerned with the guidance and regulation of the activities of patients, aging citizens, astronauts, and space travelers, as well as average persons. Our contemporary civilization tends to foster
Abdominal Surgery
Authors: Claude E. Welch, Ronald A. Malt
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1983)

THIS report summarizes salient features of many important contributions made in abdominal surgery since our last paper on this subject was published in 1979.1 Hiatal Hernia and Esophageal RefluxRepairSliding hiatal hernias associated with esophageal reflux that is refractory to nonoperative therapy are usually repaired by the Nissen, Hill, or Belsey technique. The Nissen repair apparently is now the favorite throughout the country, although it is subject to problems, such as postoperative dysphagia, recurrent reflux, gas-bloat syndrome, and gastric ulcer.2 , 3 The Nissen wrap is unsatisfactory if it is placed in the chest, since retention and gastric ulcer are most . . .
Papillomavirus antigens in anorectal condyloma and carcinoma in homosexual men
Authors: A. A. Gal
Journal: JAMA (1987)

Squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix and vulva has been associated with infection by human papillomavirus. Recent epidemiologic studies have observed more anal carcinoma among single than married men. To investigate this association between human papillomavirus and squamous proliferative lesions of the anus, we studied eight homosexual or bisexual men with recent diagnoses of anorectal carcinoma and six older patients of unknown sexual orientation with similar diagnoses 20 to 30 years ago. Using an immunohistochemical stain for papillomavirus, we found evidence of its presence in the carcinomas of five (63%) of the eight homosexual men and in two (33%) of the six older patients. Only one homosexual patient had the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. In the possibly immunocompromised patient, human papillomavirus antigen is present in anorectal dysplasia and carcinoma. (<i>JAMA</i>1987;257:337-340)
Brief focal seizures vs petit mal epilepsy. An important distinction
Authors: J. R. Stevens
Journal: JAMA (1966)

In an instructive and timely article appearing recently in thisJournal, Livingston et al gave a lucid presentation of the modern concept of petit mal epilepsy, sharply delimiting this disorder to the brief warningless seizures which occur almost solely in childhood and which are associated with a rhythmic 3 to 3 1/2-cycle per second (cps) spikewave pattern on the electroencephalogram. As he pointed out, true petit mal, thus defined, comprises only 2.3% of all epilepsies in the general population and from 6% to 12% of childhood convulsive disorders. In the present communication, an attempt is made to give an equally unambiguous picture of brief epileptic seizures which do not conform to this current concept of petit mal, but which are commonly diagnosed as such, often to the serious detriment of the patient concerned. These brief seizures, in contrast to "true" petit mal, are widely distributed among all age groups and
Abdominal binding during CPR
Authors: S. Lerman
Journal: JAMA (1982)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> Dr Baker and Ms Rest expound the view that has led to the elaborate testing programs and the extensive search for possible carcinogens by federal agencies in recent years. The council report on carcinogen regulation to which they refer challenges the wisdom of investing too many of our finite resources in what may be the technological version of a witch-hunt. The council report did not imply that all laboratory testing was futile, but it did suggest that the danger of carcinogens in the environment and in the workplace has been exaggerated in some quarters, inasmuch as age-corrected cancer mortality statistics seem to be remaining fairly constant overall. Such laboratory tests as might be done for regulatory purposes should take into account the possible levels of exposure that people might experience in the workplace or in the environment. Now that we have such exquisitely sensitive measuring devices that trace
THE CASE OF THE "MODERATE DRINKER."
Journal: JAMA (1903)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Metabolism, New York
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Regulation of endothelin-A receptor sensitivity by cyclic adenosine monophosphate in rat hepatic stellate cells
Authors: R Reinehr
Journal: Hepatology (2002)

Sensitization of the endothelin-A receptor (ETA) occurs during HSC transdifferentiation, but the underlying mechanisms remained unclear. Sensitization of ETA was studied in quiescent and activated hepatic stellate cells (HSC) at the levels of receptor phosphorylation, localization, endothelin (ET)-1-induced Ca2+ signals, and cell contraction. The endothelin-1 (ET-1) concentrations required to obtain an ETA-mediated Ca2+ signal in 50% of HSC cultured for 1 to 2 or 10 days were approximately 1.2 and 0.012 nmol/L, respectively. This transdifferentiation-dependent sensitization of ETA was accompanied by receptor translocation to the plasma membrane. Cyclic AMP rapidly desensitized ETA in activated HSC and shifted their ET-1 responsiveness from picomolar to nanomolar concentrations with respect to Ca2+ signals and HSC contraction. ETA desensitization also occurred in response to prostaglandin E2, adenosine, or ETB stimulation. Desensitization by cAMP in activated HSC was accompanied by an increased Ser/Thr phosphorylation of ETA and their rapid internalization. Quiescent HSC exhibited Ser/Thr phosphorylation of the ETA protein, which was not affected by cAMP. In conclusion, the ETA response in HSC is regulated by protein kinase A (PKA)-dependent receptor phosphorylation and internalization. This may explain the transdifferentiation-dependent sensitization of HSC towards ET-1 and its reversal by cAMP and ETB activation. (HEPATOLOGY 2002;36:861-873.)
Methods for Detecting Teratogenic Agents in Man
Authors: Thomas H. Shepard, James R. Miller
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1976)

At a multidiscipline international meeting sponsored by L'Institut de la Vie held at Guadeloupe in January 1974, current methods for detecting teratogenic agents were outlined and discussed. Recommendations of the participants of the conference were: recognize the limitations of the present defenses against teratogenic agents; educate the public and medical profession about the known human teratogenic agents; select for animal teratogenicity screening among new and existing agents by emphasizing substances to which the entire population will be exposed, agents to which pregnant women are exposed, viruses which are found to persist in the human fetus, and agents which have become suspect from clinical experience; recognize that nearly all compounds have a fetotoxic dose but that this does not imply teratogenicity; encourage the development of new, quick in vitro testing methods for detecting teratogenic agents; monitor for sudden increases in the frequency of specific malformations in newborn infants and in aborted fetuses; assure that expert multidiscipline committees are available to evaluate the threat when suspected teratogens are reported; improve teratology information storage and retrieval systems by record linkage of clinical data, linkage between computer systems, and universal identifier system for chemical compounds and congenical malformations; foster the exchange of data, particularly those held by the pharmaceutical industry.
Toxicity of Inhaled Methyl Isocyanate in F344/N Rats and B6C3F1 Mice. I. Acute Exposure and Recovery Studies
Authors: John R. Bucher, Bhola N. Gupta, Bernard Adkins, Morrow Thompson, C. W. Jameson, Julius E. Thigpen, Bernard A. Schwetz
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1987)

Male and female F344/N rats and B6C3F1 mice were exposed to lethal and sublethal concentrations of methyl isocyanate by inhalation. Mortality, clinical signs, body and organ weights, and changes in clinical pathology and hematology were monitored immediately after 2-hr exposures and during the ensuing 3 months. Additional studies investigated the possible involvement of cyanide in the toxicity of methyl isocyanate. During exposures, signs of restlessness, lacrimation, and a reddish discharge from the nose and mouth were evident in rats and mice. Following exposures, rats and mice were dyspneic and weak. Deaths of rats and mice exposed to lethal concentrations (20 to 30 ppm) began within 15-18 hr, with males more prone to early death than females. A second wave of deaths occurred after 8 to 10 days, affecting primarily female rats and mice exposed to 20 to 30 ppm of methyl isocyanate, and male and female rats exposed to 10 ppm. Most deaths occurred during the first month following the exposures and were preceded by periods of severe respiratory distress. Body weights decreased in proportion to dose early, but then weight gain resumed in survivors at control rates. The only organ with a consistent, dose-related weight change was the lung, which was heavier throughout the studies in animals exposed to high concentrations of methyl isocyanate. No significant clinical pathology, or hematologic changes were observed in exposed rats. Blood and brain cholinesterase were not inhibited. Studies attempting to measure cyanide in the blood of methyl isocyanate-exposed rats, and attempting to affect lethality with a cyanide antidote (sodium nitrite and sodium thiosulfate) gave negative results.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
HEXYLRESORCINOL AS AN ASCARICIDE
Journal: JAMA (1930)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
HIDROCYSTOMA
Authors: JAMES ADAM
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1895)

RadcliffeCrocker, criticizing a case which I had tentatively published in the British Medical Joiirnal* as one of Lymphangioma Circumscriptum, but with marked differences, came to the conclusion that it was one of Hidrocystoma.I had never seen a case of either disease, had not heard of Hidrocystoma, and was much puzzled by my case ; but after, through the kindness of Dr. Colcott Fox, seeing Dr. Robinson's paper on " Hidrocystoma "t I had no difficulty in perceiving that Dr. Croeker's diagnosis was right.I have now seen nine cases of Hidrocystoma, six in women, three in men.One of the most marked of the cages is the daughter of the patient (Mrs.U.), whose case I have already published.She is also the subject of widespread psoriasis and of severe asthma.Her age is 36; the Hidrocystoma has existed even years.In two other women, both over 60 years of age, the disease has existed more than twenty years.In one of these, a Scotch lady, the disease began while she lived in Greece, from which she returned only four years a ~o .She says it is quite common there during hot weather.She states that her son, now aged 14, had it while out there five years * 2nd December, 1893.
Pertussis immunisation and serious acute neurological illness in children.
Authors: D L Miller, E M Ross, R Alderslade, M H Bellman, N S Rawson
Journal: BMJ (1981)

The first 1000 cases notified to the National Childhood Encephalopathy Study were analysed. The diagnoses included encephalitis/encephalopathy, prolonged convulsions, infantile spasms, and Reye9s syndrome. Eighty-eight of the children had had a recent infectious disease, including 19 with pertussis. Only 35 of the notified children (3.5%) had received pertussis antigen within seven days before becoming ill. Of 1955 control children matched for age, sex, and area of residence, 34 (1.7%) had been immunised with pertussis vaccine within the seven days before the date on which they became of the same age as the corresponding notified child. The relative risk of a notified child having had pertussis immunisation within that time interval was 2.4 (p less than 0.001). Of the 35 notified children, 32 had no previous neurological abnormality. A year later two had died, nine had developmental retardation, and 21 were normal. A significance association was shown between serious neurological illness and pertussis vaccine, though cases were few and most children recovered completely.
Disruption of GAS6-MER Pathway Leads to Defects in Physiological Clearance of Expelled Nuclei from Erythroblasts by Bone Marrow Macrophages
Authors: Linda Kadi, Laurent Burnier, Rocco Sugamele, Peter Carmeliet, Greg Lemke, H. Shelton Earp, Glenn K. Matsushima, Marc Schapira, Anne Angelillo-Scherrer
Journal: Blood (2008)
'Fiddler's neck'
Authors: R.D.G. Peachey, C.N.A. Matthews
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1977)

Journal Article ‘Fiddler's neck’ Get access R.D.G. Peachey, R.D.G. Peachey Department of Dermatology, Bristol Royal Infirmary Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C.N.A. Matthews C.N.A. Matthews Department of Dermatology, Bristol Royal Infirmary Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 97, Issue s15, 1 December 1977, Page 10, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1977.tb14289.x Published: 01 December 1977
Substance abuse terminology
Authors: Michele G. Cyr, Steven A. Wartman
Journal: JAMA (1988)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> We thank Drs Barnhouse, Cable, Hensel, and Seale for their interest and useful comments. The clinical experience of Dr Barnhouse of using screening questions to detect alcoholism is certainly confirmed by the results of our study. We applaud his commitment to uncovering alcoholism in his practice. We agree with Drs Cable and Hensel that clear evidence for efficacy of treatment for alcoholism is lacking. This is true when efficacy is measured as abstinence after treatment compared with abstinence in the natural course of the disease. There is, however, evidence that treatment does reduce alcohol-related morbidity, measured either as cost or as patient suffering.<sup>1,2</sup>Certainly the criteria for screening should not be so narrowly defined that patients are denied palliation for a disease simply because it is considered incurable. The actual practice of Drs Cable and Hensel of routinely screening for alcoholism suggests that they agree with this.
Risks of agranulocytosis and aplastic anemia. A first report of their relation to drug use with special reference to analgesics. The International Agranulocytosis and Aplastic Anemia Study
Journal: JAMA (1986)

The risks of agranulocytosis and aplastic anemia in relation to analgesic drug use were evaluated in a population-based case-control study conducted in Europe and Israel. Analgesic use in the week before the onset of illness was compared between 221 cases of agranulocytosis and 1425 hospital controls. Analgesics significantly associated with agranulocytosis were dipyrone (metamizol sodium), indomethacin, and butazones (phenylbutazone and oxyphenbutazone). For dipyrone, the rate ratio estimate was 23.7 in Ulm, West Germany, West Berlin, and Barcelona, Spain, and the estimated excess risk for any exposure in a one-week period was 1.1 per million. In Israel and Budapest, Hungary, where the rate ratio estimate was 0.8, there was no evidence of excess risk. In all of the regions combined, the rate ratio estimates were 8.9 for indomethacin and 3.8 for butazones, with excess risk estimates of 0.6 and 0.2 per million, respectively. Analgesic use 29 to 180 days before admission was compared between 113 cases of aplastic anemia and 1724 controls. Indomethacin (rate ratio estimate, 12.7), diclofenac sodium (8.8), and butazones (8.7) were significantly associated with aplastic anemia, with estimated excess risks for any exposure in a five-month period of 10.1, 6.8, and 6.6 per million, respectively.
PHYSICIANS AND DIVORCE
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal