tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Highlights
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2017)

Comparison of Vaginal Testosterone Cream or Vaginal Ring 313In this randomized clinical trial, Melisko and colleagues evaluated the safety of intravaginal testosterone cream (IVT) or estradiol-releasing vaginal rings in 69 patients with early-stage breast cancer receiving aromatase inhibitors and experiencing urogenital atrophy.The researchers measured estradiol (E 2 ) assay variability at baseline and weeks 4 and 12 and surveyed sexual quality of life.Persistent E 2 elevation was found in only 4 patients.Vaginal atrophy and sexual interest and dysfunction improved for all patients.The authors concluded that either product could be considered reasonable to use for patients experiencing urogenital atrophy.Reeder-Hayes and Muss provide an Editorial.
Propranolol for prophylaxis of bleeding in cirrhotic patients with large varices: A multicenter, randomized clinical trial
Journal: Hepatology (1988)

To assess if propranolol prevents the first bleeding in cirrhosis, we randomly assigned 174 patients with large varices to either propranolol in doses reducing the resting heart rate by 25% (85 patients) or to a placebo (oral vitamin K, 89 patients). Sixty-nine patients had alcoholic cirrhosis, 24 posthepatitic cirrhosis and 81 cryp-togenic cirrhosis. At the time of inclusion, 75 patients (43%) had ascites and according to the Child-Pugh classification, 103 (59%) had Class A disease, 60 (34%) Class B and 11 (7%) Class C. We report here an interim analysis of the study when all patients had been followed for at least 1 year (mean follow-up = 22 months). At this time, the cumulative proportion of patients free of bleeding was 74% in the propranolol group and 63% in the placebo group; corresponding survival figures were 59 and 74% (both differences not significant), respectively. A retrospective analysis showed that the cumulative percentage of patients free of bleeding was significantly higher in the propranolol- than in the control-group in the subsets of patients without ascites or in Child-Pugh Class A: respectively, 87 vs. 64% (p = 0.023) and 88 vs. 64% (p = 0.01). No differences in bleeding incidence were found in patients with ascites or in Child-Pugh Class B or C. Propranolol treatment did not affect survival in any subgroup. Twenty-five patients had to be withdrawn from propranolol because of side effects (n = 23) or low compliance (n = 2). If confirmed on a longer follow-up, these results suggest that propranolol could prevent the first bleeding in patients with well-compensated cirrhosis.
Response to Letter Regarding Article, “Coronary Artery Spasm: A 2009 Update”
Authors: Shlomo Stern, Antoni Bayes de Luna
Journal: Circulation (2011)

In Dr Alvarez's opinion, our patient should have been managed as if he had acute coronary syndrome (ACS) with "plaque rupture," after which he had a "thrombosis" followed by "the phenomenon of spontaneous thrombolysis" with "spontaneous reperfusion."According to Dr Alvarez, we should have consequently applied "early invasive strategy."To make plausible the possibility of spontaneous thrombolysis, Dr Alvarez quotes the review article by Kovacs and Yamamoto. 1 However, this review provides very little hard evidence for spontaneous coronary thrombolysis, and the authors cite only 5 references relating to this subject, stretching in time between 1980 and 2001, based mainly on not demonstrating a thrombus on coronary arteriography in patients with acute myocardial infarction.We gave serious consideration to Dr Alvarez's opinion, but under no circumstances can we accept his interpretation that our case was a "definite ACS."As we wrote, in the emergency department, the ST elevation "returned to baseline quickly, concomitant with his pain subsiding."Dr Alvarez, in quoting this from our article, uses an ellipsis, thereby avoiding what is written in continuation, that "cardiac biomarkers were normal."As far as we are concerned, no diagnosis of definite ACS should be made in a patient after a quick disappearance of pain, an equally quick return of the ST segment to the isoelectric line, and normal biomarkers.Coronary artery spasm as a frequent cause of ACS was mentioned in our article, citing Ong et al, 2 who defined ACS according to the European Society of Cardiology Task Force 3 as "acute chest pain (ie, chest pain at rest more than 20 minutes within the last 48 hours) together with ECG changes suggesting myocardial ischemia and/or elevation of cardiac markers"; obviously, our patient was far from this definition.Even if we discuss our case in light of the possibility that it falls under the category of suspected ACS (although we do not think that this is relevant), our management of the patient was in full agreement with the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association 2007 Guidelines 4 (also referenced by Dr Alvarez) on the evaluation and management of patients suspected of having ACS.In this situation, if the symptoms are suggestive of ACS and the patient has a nondiagnostic ECG and normal initial serum cardiac biomarkers, the instruction is to observe.If the pain does not recur and the results of follow-up studies are negative, a stress study is indicated to provoke ischemia; if the results of this study are negative, outpatient follow-up is recommended.As to the role of exercise testing in vasospastic patients, we cited Cannon and Braunwald, 5 who described the limited value of exercise testing in this situation, but they certainly did not state that it is contraindicated.On the indication for stress testing in suspected ACS, see the Guidelines referenced above.
PTU-075 Long Term outcome of Azathioprine Therapy in 353 Consecutive IBD Patients
Authors: H E Johnson, K Smith, N Jarrett, S D McLaughlin, S A Weaver
Journal: Gut (2013)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Thiopurines are the mainstay of therapy in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). Azathioprine (AZA) and Mercaptopurine are very effective at maintaining remission but have a wide range of side effects which can limit their use as long term maintenance therapy. To assess how effective AZA was in IBD, and what its limitations were, the outcome of 353 consecutive IBD patients started on AZA with at least onw year follow up was assessed. <h3>Methods</h3> Since 2005 all patients started on AZA for IBD have been recorded and monitored. These data were then used to assess the outcomes of patients where there had been at least one year of follow up. Outcomes recorded were whether AZA was still being taken or not. If still being taken information about the disease activity was recorded. If AZA therapy had been discontinued then the reason for this was recorded and subsequent therapeutic interventions noted. <h3>Results</h3> 353 patients had started AZA and had at least one year of follow up. TPMT status was checked in all patients. Dosing was as follows: low TPMT; 50mg and increased as tolerated. Normal TPMT; 2–2.5mg/kg. Of the 353 patients, 204 had Crohn’s disease (CD), 141 had Ulcerative Colitis and 8 had IBD-unclassified. The male:female ratio was 184:169 (52.1% male). Age range was 16–86 years (mean; 46). 322/353 (91%) remain under follow up. 127 (36%) of patients stopped taking AZA at one year. After six years 152 (43.1%) remained on AZA, 182 (51.6%) had stopped and in 19 (5%) the outcome was unknown. Nausea and myalgia were the main reasons for stopping AZA. 40(11.3%) patients developed hepatitis (ALT rise &gt; 2xULN), 6 (1.7%) developed myelosuppression and 7 (2%) developed pancreatitis (consistent clinical presentation and raised amylase). Of the 182 patients who stopped AZA, 67 (37.8%) had an escalation of therapy – 20 started methotrexate, 18 started biologics and 29 underwent surgery. Of the 152 who continued AZA, 138 (90.8%) were in a clinical remission based on clinical assessment supported by normal C-reactive protein in 126 (91.3%), Harvey Bradshaw Index in those with CD 55 (40%) patients and endoscopic findings in 22 (15.9%). 112 (73.6%) patients had blood monitoring (FBC and LFTs) at least quarterly and 147 (96.7%) at bi-annually. <h3>Conclusion</h3> For such an important drug in IBD management a significant number of patients stop AZA due to side effects. This study highlights these so that patients can be accurately informed. It also highlights that AZA when tolerated is a very effective maintenance medication. Published data from our own and other units suggest that low-dose AZA in combination with allopurinol reduces side effects and increases tolerability and may make AZA a more effective longterm maintenance agent. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Infective endocarditis after transesophageal echocardiography.
Authors: R C Read, R G Finch, F E Donald, G K Morris, J Somerville
Journal: Circulation (1993)

Also, Weiss and coworkers dismiss the observed association between the estimated dietary intake of iron and AMI risk, which could not possibly have been caused by covariation with inflam- matory states, unless iron intake is affected by inflammatory diseases.There was no evidence of that in our data.We think that our findings warrant further studies concerning the role of both dietary iron intake and serum ferritin concentration as risk factors for CHD.When there is a more comprehensive picture about both the strength and the impact of these associations in other popu- lations, recommendations concerning the dietary intake of iron will have to be discussed.
Increased Insulin Sensitivity in Mice Lacking Collectrin, a Downstream Target of HNF-1α
Authors: Sandra M. Malakauskas, Wissam M. Kourany, Xiao Yin Zhang, Danhong Lu, Robert D. Stevens, Timothy R. Koves, Hans E. Hohmeier, Deborah M. Muoio, Christopher B. Newgard, Thu H. Le
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (2009)

Collectrin is a downstream target of the transcription factor hepatocyte nuclear factor-1α (HNF-1α), which is mutated in maturity-onset diabetes of the young subtype 3 (MODY3). Evidence from transgenic mouse models with collectrin overexpression in pancreatic islets suggests divergent roles for collectrin in influencing β-cell mass and insulin exocytosis. To clarify the function of collectrin in the pancreas, we used a mouse line with targeted deletion of the gene. We examined pancreas morphology, glucose homeostasis by ip glucose tolerance testing (IPGTT) and insulin tolerance testing (IPITT), and pancreas function by in vivo acute-phase insulin response determination and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion from isolated islets. We find no difference in either pancreas morphology or function between wild-type and collectrin-deficient animals (Tmem27−/y). However, we note that by 6 months of age, Tmem27−/y mice exhibit increased insulin sensitivity by IPITT and decreased adiposity by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry scanning compared with wild-type. We have previously reported that Tmem27−/y mice exhibit profound aminoaciduria due to failed renal recovery. We now demonstrate that Tmem27−/y animals also display inappropriate excretion of some short-chain acylcarnitines derived from amino acid and fatty acid oxidation. We provide further evidence for compensatory up-regulation of oxidative metabolism in Tmem27−/y mice, along with enhanced protein turnover associated with preserved lean mass even out to 1.5 yr of age. Our studies suggest that collectrin-deficient mice activate a number of adaptive mechanisms to defend energy homeostasis in the setting of ongoing nutrient losses.
FROM SADDLEBAGS TO POCKETBOOKS.
Journal: JAMA (2000)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Quantitation of ?-fetoprotein and albumin messenger RNA in human hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Y Niwa, M Matsumura, Y Shiratori, M Imamura, N Kato, S Shiina, T Okudaira, Y Ikeda, T Inoue, M Omata
Journal: Hepatology (1996)

To analyze gene expression of α–fetoprotein (AFP) and albumin in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), messenger RNAs (mRNAs) of these proteins in six human hepatoma cell lines and in 30 cases of HCC were quantitatively analyzed by competitive reverse transcription (RT) followed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The transcriptional levels of both AFP and albumin genes in HepG2 and Huh 7 cell lines were 1010 copies/μg RNA, in contrast to approximately 105 copies/μg RNA in HLE and HLF cell lines. AFP and albumin mRNA levels in three normal livers were 105 and 1010 transcripts/μg RNA, respectively. In 30 cases with HCC AFP mRNA level in neoplasm was 10 to 105–fold enhanced as compared with that of nonneoplastic portion, and correlated with serum AFP level and tumor size ( P &lt; .01). In contrast, albumin mRNA level was not reduced in the neoplasms presenting enhanced AFP mRNA levels, indicating that AFP and albumin gene expression in situ is not necessarily mutually exclusive. Prospective analysis revealed that an increased serum AFP was shown at the time of recurrence among patients with enhanced AFP mRNA levels in neoplasm only, indicating that AFP mRNA levels in neoplasm could be a clinically predictable tool.
Correction to: Circular RNA circ-ZKSCAN1 inhibits bladder cancer progression through miR-1178-3p/p21 axis and acts as a prognostic factor of recurrence
Authors: Junming Bi, Hongwei Liu, Wei Dong, Weibin Xie, Qingqing He, Zijian Cai, Jian Huang, Tianxin Lin
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2020)

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.
Constellations
Authors: Jack Coulehan
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2019)

Ad Libitum19 November 2019ConstellationsJack Coulehan, MDJack Coulehan, MDCenter for Medical Humanities, Compassionate Care, and Bioethics at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York (J.C.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/M19-0934 Audio Reading - “Constellations” Audio. Virginia Hood, MD, reads “Constellations” by Jack Coulehan, MD Your browser does not support the audio element. Audio player progress bar Step backward in current audio track Play current audio trackPause current audio track Step forward in current audio track Mute current audio trackUnmute current audio track 00:00/ SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Great Bear and Orion—the twoI could distinguish as a child,despite my grandfather's fingerpointing to others and, later,the diagrams. A constellationof symptoms was easier to see.The first appeared in my bodylike a splash of colorful pinsconnected by lines. A red flushunder my eyes, the aching joints,and sensitivity to sun—I ranto my professor with lupus.Later, I suffered a two-weekinvasion of cancer. The omenswere plentiful. The lion, the fox,the crab, and the dragon arosefrom within, especially at night.I monitored my heart rate.disappeared in my ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Center for Medical Humanities, Compassionate Care, and Bioethics at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York (J.C.)Current Author Address: Jack Coulehan, MD; e-mail, john.[email protected]edu. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement Audio Reading - “Constellations” Audio. Virginia Hood, MD, reads “Constellations” by Jack Coulehan, MD Your browser does not support the audio element. Audio player progress bar Step backward in current audio track Play current audio trackPause current audio track Step forward in current audio track Mute current audio trackUnmute current audio track 00:00/ FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 19 November 2019Volume 171, Issue 10Page: 770KeywordsCrabsHeart rate ePublished: 19 November 2019 Issue Published: 19 November 2019 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2019 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Trace Derivatization of Cytosine with Pentafluorobenzoyl Chloride and Dimethyl Sulfate
Authors: Daniel H. Fisher, Jeanette Adams, Roger W. Giese
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1985)

Methods are being developed for derivatizing trace amounts of DNA adducts for ultimate determination by gas chromatographic techniques. High-pressure liquid chromatography is used to optimize appropriate derivatization reactions for the determination of cytosine. A single vial reaction scheme involves acylation with electrophoric pentafluorobenzoylchloride followed by alkylation with dimethyl sulfate. Currently, the overall yield for this reaction starting with 50 nmole of cytosine is 59 +/- 4.6%.
Précis de sémiologie médicale appliquée
Journal: JAMA (1934)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Pulmonary Embolism
Authors: LOUIS WOLFF
Journal: Circulation (1952)

The incidence and importance of bland pulmonary embolism as a cause of morbidity and mortality have been emphasized. The pathologic physiology, the clinical picture, the laboratory findings, the diagnosis, and the treatment have been discussed. Venous thrombosis in the lower extremities is the most common immediate cause of pulmonary embolism, but clinical evidence of its presence is frequently lacking. It is difficult to prevent venous thrombosis in spite of the employment of numerous prophylactic measures. Although the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism is easy in some cases, it may be impossible in others. Statistical proof of the effectiveness of treatment is difficult to obtain, but clinical experience appears to indicate that the aforementioned therapeutic procedures are worthwhile. It is evident that many important problems relating to thromboembolism remain unsolved.
ACC/AHA/ESC 2006 Guidelines for Management of Patients With Ventricular Arrhythmias and the Prevention of Sudden Cardiac Death
Authors: Douglas P. Zipes, A. John Camm, Martin Borggrefe, Alfred E. Buxton, Bernard Chaitman, Martin Fromer, Gabriel Gregoratos, George Klein, Arthur J. Moss, Robert J. Myerburg, Silvia G. Priori, Miguel A. Quinones, Dan M. Roden, Michael J. Silka, Cynthia Tracy
Journal: Circulation (2006)
BRAF/MEK Combo Active across Tumor Types
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2019)

The BRAF/MEK inhibitor combination dabrafenib/trametinib is effective in a wide array of rare BRAF-mutant cancers, according to findings from the NCI-MATCH trial presented at the 2019 American Society of Clinical Oncology Annual Meeting in Chicago, IL. In the trial, the combination elicited partial responses in 33% of patients and led to stable disease in another 39% of patients with rare BRAF V600E-mutant malignancies.
Nutritional improvement of poor urban preschool children. A 1983-1977 comparison
Authors: P. Zee
Journal: JAMA (1985)

The nutritional status of preschool children from 1,219 families living in an urban poverty area was surveyed in 1983 and these results were compared with findings from a similar survey of the same community done in 1977. A second comparison was made of children whose families participated in a commodity supplementary food program and those whose families did not participate. Results of the 1983 survey indicated improvements in median serum levels of vitamins A and C, hemoglobin, and red blood cell volume. Nevertheless, 9% to 18% of the children had low or deficient levels of vitamins A, C, B<sub>1</sub>, and B<sub>2</sub>, hemoglobin, serum iron, and transferrin saturation. Also a greater number of the preschoolers were categorized as thin. Annual incomes for families had significantly decreased from 1977 when the median value for food recipients was $3,078 to a median of $1,848 in 1983. Considering the decrease in other resources, federal food assistance programs seem to be the only identifiable factor contributing to the improvement in nutritional status over 1977. (<i>JAMA</i>1985;253:3269-3272)
Screening with flexible sigmoidoscopy is feasible in general practice
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Mortality is high in treated hypertensionAlthough treatment of hypertension reduces cardiovascular complications, the long term prognosis of treated hypertension is virtually unknown.For over 20 years Andersson et al (p 167) studied 686 men treated for hypertension.Compared with controls they showed a significantly increased mortality especially from myocardial infarction.The prognosis was apparent only after 10-12 years.Serum cholesterol concentration was one of the most important risk factors for dying from myocardial infarction.
"LEFT VENTRICULAR DIASTOLIC DYSFUNCTION IN IDIOPATHIC PULMONARY FIBROSIS: A TISSUE DOPPLER ECG STUDY". C.E. PAPADOPOULOS, G. PITSIOU, T.D. KARAMITSOS, H.I. KARVOUNIS, T. KONTAKIOTIS, G. GIANNAKOULAS, G.K. EFTHIMIADIS, P. ARGYROPOULOU, G.E. PARHARIDIS AND D. BOUROS. EUR RESPIR J 2008; 31: 701-706.
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2008)

Regrettably, the title of the above manuscript was presented incorrectly.It should have read: ''Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a tissue Doppler echocardiographic study''.In addition, the error occurred throughout this paper.The term ECG was erroneously used both in the title and text of the study.Throughout, ECG should have been written as ''echocardiographic'' and ''echocardiography''.