tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Phase II study of gemcitabine and split-dose cisplatin plus pembrolizumab as neoadjuvant therapy prior to radical cystectomy (RC) in patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC).
Authors: Tracy L Rose, Michael Roger Harrison, Allison Mary Deal, Chelsea K. Osterman, Sundhar Ramalingam, Young E. Whang, Blaine Y Brower, Marc Bjurlin, Angela B. Smith, Matthew E. Nielsen, Hung-Jui Tan, Eric M. Wallen, Daniel J. George, Tian Zhang, Anthony Drier, William Y. Kim, Matthew I. Milowsky
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2021)

396 Background: Cisplatin-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy is standard of care in MIBC with improved pathologic response and overall survival (OS) compared to RC alone. Pembrolizumab (pembro) is active in high-risk non-muscle invasive and metastatic bladder cancer and is generally well tolerated. This phase II trial evaluated the safety and efficacy of gemcitabine and split-dose cisplatin (GC) + pembro as neoadjuvant therapy prior to RC (NCT02690558). Methods: Patients with clinical T2-4a N0/X M0 urothelial carcinoma of the bladder eligible for RC were enrolled. Patients received pembro 200mg on day 1 with cisplatin 35mg/m 2 and gemcitabine 1000mg/m 2 on days 1 and 8 every 3 weeks for 4 cycles, followed by RC within 4-8 weeks. The first 6 patients received full-dose cisplatin (70mg/m 2 on day 1) and a lead-in pembro dose; this schedule was discontinued for excess toxicity. Primary endpoint was pathologic downstaging rate ( &lt; pT2) with the null and alternative hypothesis rates = 35% and 55%, respectively. Secondary endpoints were toxicity, pT0 rate, event free survival, and OS. Exploratory objectives include association of response with molecular subtype and post-treatment changes in immune microenvironment (predicted neoantigens, immune gene expression, and T cell receptor repertoire). Results: Between May 2016 and July 2020, 39 patients were enrolled (72% cT2, 23% cT3, 5% cT4a) with a median age of 66 and 82% male. Patients received a median of 4 cycles of therapy. All patients underwent RC except one who declined but is included in intention to treat analysis. Rate of &lt; pT2N0 was 56% (22/39) and pT0N0 rate was 36% (14/39). Most common adverse events (AEs) of any grade were thrombocytopenia (29/39; 74%), anemia (27/39; 69%), neutropenia (26/39; 67%), and hypomagnesemia (26/39; 67%). Most common grade 3/4 AEs were neutropenia (16/39; 41%), thrombocytopenia (13/39; 33%), febrile neutropenia (5/39; 13%), and anemia (4/39; 10%). One patient had new onset type 1 diabetes mellitus with ketoacidosis related to pembrolizumab and no patients required steroids for immune-related AEs. Nine patients (23%) discontinued GC + pembro due to AEs, including 4 of the 6 patients who received full-dose cisplatin with pembro lead-in. Survival data are not yet mature and correlative studies are ongoing. Conclusions: Neoadjuvant GC + pembro was generally safe and met its primary endpoint for improved pathologic downstaging. Correlative analyses are ongoing. Additional investigation of this combination is warranted. Clinical trial information: NCT02690558.
Diabetes insipidus in hypoxemic encephalopathy
Authors: F. L. Glauser
Journal: JAMA (1976)

Diabetes insipidus developed in two patients who experienced severe hypoxemia as a consequence of drug-induced respiratory failure. Postmortem examination revealed generalized cerebral edema, encephalomalacia, and a profound and diffuse loss of neurons. Hypoxemia-induced diabetes insipidus may indicate that the patient is suffering from severe brain damage. (<i>JAMA</i>235:932-933, 1976)
ABC of heart failure: Investigation
Authors: M K Davies, C R Gibbs, G Y Lip
Journal: BMJ (2000)

Clinical assessment is mandatory before detailed investigations are conducted in patients with suspected heart failure, although specific clinical features are often absent and the condition can be diagnosed accurately only in conjunction with more objective investigation, particularly echocardiography.Although open access echocardiography is now increasingly available, appropriate pre-referral investigations include chest radiography, 12 lead electrocardiography, and renal chemistry.
When a woman asks for a caesarean section
Authors: M. H Hall
Journal: BMJ (1987)

mice or a freshly opened corpse; uraemia produces a fishy ammoniacal smell; and diabetic coma an acetone odour like sweet apples or hay.(Incidentally the breath ofthe child with diphtheria was easily recognised by ward sisters in fever hospitals, and I once confirmed this in a small blind trial.)Palliative measures for halitosis include breath sweeteners, peppermint, and spearmint.Mouthwashes and antibiotics upset the balance of micro-organisms and encourage resist- ant strains and moniliasis-so their prolonged use is inadvis- able.Chlorophyll tablets have been promoted with the idea that they absorb odours, but there is no evidence of this.Mercifully halitosis is likely to disturb only those others who come into close contact with the sufferer-and those who have it are usually unaware and friends do not tell.
This Week in &lt;EMPH&gt;JAMA&lt;/EMPH&gt;
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Scientists report that live vaccines targeting Ebola and Marburg viruses have successfully protected monkeys from infection, findings seen as an advance toward the development of effective human vaccines. SEE PAGE 163 Contradictions in Research ResultsIn subsequent well-designed investigations of clinical questions initially explored in highly cited research studies, contradictory results or effect sizes of smaller magnitude are not uncommon.
NOTCH1 Mutation and Treatment Outcome In CLL Patients Treated With Chlorambucil (Chl) Or Ofatumumab-Chl (O-Chl): Results From The Phase III Study Complement 1 (OMB110911)
Authors: Eugen Tausch, Philipp Beck, Richard F. Schlenk, Sabrina Kless, Christina Galler, Peter Hillmen, Fritz Offner, Ann Janssens, K Govindbabu, Sebastian Grosicki, Jiri Mayer, Panagiotis Panagiotidis, Susanne Danhauser-Riedl, Astrid McKeown, Paul D P´B Winter, Ira V Gupta, Hartmut Döhner, Stephan Stilgenbauer
Journal: Blood (2013)
British Council
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1961)

The sixth edition of this well-established textbook, originally based on Comroe's "Arthritis", has been largely re-written and nineteen new chapters have been added.The contributors include many of the leading authorities in the sphere of rheumatic diseases in North America and the volume is packed with up-to-date expert views in this field.Dr. John Lansbury has a new chapter on methods of evaluating rheumatoid arthritis.This is a most impor- tant subject in view of the many clinical trials of anti- rheumatic drugs which are now being carried out.The author has given a clear summary of the present position, pointing out many inadequacies in the methods in use at the present time.He gives stimulating ideas for improvement in techniques though the reviewer doubts whether morning stiffness can yet be measured.Dr. E. P. Engleman has an excellent chapter on the basic treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, pointing out the necessity for systemic, emotional, and articular rest with good advice on analgesics and diet.Dr. J. J. Bunim has contributed a first-class review of the chemistry, physiology, and metabolic effects of corticosteroids, and has included the new work on the cortisol-binding protein transcortin as well as the latest views on absorption and distribution of steroids and of the metabolic fate and excretion of these substances.This is one of the outstanding chapters in the book.He also has an excellent chapter on the use of synthetic corticosteroids in rheumatoid arthritis, including the clinical considerations, limitations, and adverse effects with most helpful advice on individual steroid prepara- tions.Dr. Hollander himself, from his large experience, has written most wisely on the value of intra-articular steroid therapy with helpful diagrams and photographs showing methods of injection for various joints.He deals sensibly with the recent reports that "Charcot's arthropathy" may occur after this treatment, pointing out that it is a possibility and that careful radiological supervision is necessary.In his very large series the incidence of this complication is a fraction of 1 per cent.Dr.
Reference Managers
Journal: JAMA (2000)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Quantitative assessment of serum IgM anti-HBc in the natural course and during interferon treatment of chronic hepatitis B virus infection
Authors: G Marinos
Journal: Hepatology (1994)

Serum IgM anti-HBc was determined in 135 chronic HBsAg carriers with various categories of histological activity on liver biopsy and hepatitis B serological profile. Thirty-three patients were treated with interferon-α to investigate the correlation between serum IgM anti-HBc with histological activity and viral replication, to evaluate the usefulness of pretreatment IgM anti-HBc as a predictor of a successful response to interferon-α and to examine the IgM anti-HBc response during this treatment. All 53 patients with chronic active hepatitis with either wild-type (n = 42) or precore mutant variant HBV infection (n = 11) had an IgM anti-HBc index greater than 0.300 compared with 7.4 (2 of 27) of the chronic HBsAg/HBeAg–positive carriers with chronic persistent hepatitis, 10 (3 of 30) of the anti-HBe–positive asymptomatic carriers and none of the 25 patients with hepatitis D virus–positive chronic active hepatitis (p < 0.0001). Pretreatment IgM anti-HBc index was greater than 0.300 in 82.4 (14 of 17) of HBeAg/HBV DNA–positive patients who seroconverted after interferon-α treatment compared with 25 (4 of 16) of the patients who did not seroconvert (p = 0.0013), whereas an elevated pretreatment AST was present in only 52.9 (9 of 17) of responders and in 37.5 (6 of 16) of nonresponders (p = 0.42). Serial testing of IgM anti-HBc in these 33 patients during interferon-α treatment showed a significant rise in IgM anti-HBc in all responders, which followed the AST flare-up but preceded the time of the HBeAg to anti-HBe seroconversion. The data presented indicate that serum IgM anti-HBc is a good surrogate marker for hepatocellular damage immunopathologically related to hepatitis B virus and is a better predictor of a beneficial response to interferon-α treatment than serum AST. IgM anti-HBc indicates the induction of the immune response to HBcAg during the course of chronic HBV infection but is not directly involved in the elimination of the infected hepatocytes. (Hepatology 1994;19:303–311).
Urology
Journal: JAMA (2002)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Manuscripts Approved for JNCI, March 1 to April 1,1970
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1970)

Manuscripts Approved for JNCI, March 1 to April 1,1970 Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 44, Issue 5, May 1970, Pages 1218–1219, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/44.5.1218-a Published: 01 May 1970
Drug Legalization, Harm Reduction, and Drug Policy
Authors: Donald C. Smart
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1996)

Letters15 April 1996Drug Legalization, Harm Reduction, and Drug PolicyDonald C. Smart, MPADonald C. Smart, MPABerkeley, CA 94708Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-124-8-199604150-00016 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:The drug legalization debate, addressed by DuPont and Voth [1] diverts attention from the need to fix prohibition's worst (but fixable) fault—its drug and crime subsidy. The latter is the difference between the real economic value of drugs and the scarcity-inflated market price.By official estimates, U.S. drug sales in 1993 totaled $49 billion. Black-market drug prices are estimated to range from 70 to 140 times the true economic value [2]. If the real worth of drugs sold was one seventieth of the market price, then current policy caused U.S. drug users to pay $49 billion for ...References1. DuPont RL, Voth EA. Drug legalization, harm reduction, and drug policy. Ann Intern Med. 1995; 123:461-5. Google Scholar2. Duke SB, Gross AC. America's Longest War: Rethinking Our Tragic Crusade Against Drugs. New York: Putnum's; 1993:7. Google Scholar3. The Bottom Line on Alcohol in Society. Lansing, MI. 1995; 16:28. Google Scholar4. Smart DC. Market Interposition: A Comprehensive Public Health Strategy for Control of the Drug/Crime Epidemic. Berkeley, CA; 1995. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Berkeley, CA 94708 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByBrain renin-angiotensin system blockade by systemically active aminopeptidase A inhibitors: A potential treatment of salt-dependent hypertensionCollective Mobilization and Identity from the Underground: The Deployment of “Oppositional Capital” in the Harm Reduction MovementCOLLECTIVE MOBILIZATION AND IDENTITY FROM THE UNDERGROUND: The Deployment of "Oppositional Capital" in the Harm Reduction Movement 15 April 1996Volume 124, Issue 8Page: 775-776KeywordsAddictsCrimeDrug addictionDrug policyDrug pricesDrug usersDrugsMotivationPathology and laboratory medicineRunning Issue Published: 15 April 1996 CopyrightCopyright © 1996 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Instruction Course
Authors: Armaly Primary Glaucomas, Melvin Rubin, Ronald Fishman, John Glotfelty, Malcolm Luxenberg, Robert Stamper, Jonathan Trobe, Richard Van Heuven, George Waring, Robert Whinery, Gary Abrams, Harry Flynn, George Blankenship, Thomas Acers, Oklahoma City, O Henry, J Van Dyk, William Shults, Mathea Allansmith, Mark Abelson, Mitchell Friedlander, Herbert Kaufman, Stephen Waltman, Arthur Allen, San Francisco, Wayne Fung, John Cavender, Room 4-Mi James, V Aquavella, Gullapalli Rao, Ronald Laing, M Armaly, Douglas Anderson, Stephen Drance, Allan Kolker, Taylor Asbury, Philip Knapp, Rees Sheppard, Howard Eggers, Jules Baum, Peter Laibson, Robert Burns, Richard Forster, Howard Beale, J Older, John Sullivan, William Benson, Jerome Bettman, Charles Beyer, Robert Wilkins, Charles Stephenson, Bartley Frueh, Gerard Shannon, Robert Dryden, Richard Tenzel, Albert Hornblass, Paul Gavaris, David Saunders, W Jackson Iliff, John Wobig, J Blaydes, Robert Azar, Richard Kratz, C Simcoe, Clifford Terry, Michael Bloome, Charles Garcia, S Boruchoff, Robert Brockhurst, B Hutchinson, Nathaniel Bronson, Yale Fisher, William Regan, Edwin Trayner, Ronald Burde, St Louis, Myles Behrens, Joel Glaser, John Keltner, Neil Miller, Norman Schatz, Devron Char, R Stone, J Brooks Crawford, Steve Charles, Conor O' Malley, Earl Choromokos, Ken Christopherson, Gerald Hoover, Jerry Course, Room 201-Mp, John Flynn, David Friendly, William Scott, Joseph Calhoun, Elliot Blaydes, Charlene Hsu-Winges, Merrill Grayson, Fred Wilson, Jeffrey Lanier
Journal: Ophthalmology (1980)
Sinus standstill following intravenous lidocaine administration
Authors: T. O. Cheng
Journal: JAMA (1973)

A fatal case of sinus standstill followed intravenous injection of therapeutic doses of lidocaine hydrochloride. The patient had congestive heart failure, but had no "sick sinus syndrome." To our knowledge, serious, adverse effects of lidocaine on sinus node function have not been reported previously. Our experience suggests that clinical assessment of the cardiac status is an important consideration in selecting a therapeutic dose of lidocaine. All patients receiving this drug require observation for adverse effects, even if doses are within the currently recommended ranges.
Rubber Anaphylaxis
Authors: J E Slater
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1989)

NATURAL rubber has long been known to cause contact dermatitis, and rubber and plastic gloves frequently aggravate preexisting atopic dermatitis. Nutter's report of contact urticaria in reaction to rubber1 has been followed by several others from Europe,2 3 4 5 6 7 and recent case reports suggest that rhinitis,8 asthma,9 , 10 and anaphylaxis11 12 13 14 15 16 may also be associated with exposure to rubber. This report describes skin tests and histamine-release experiments in two children with spina bifida who had anaphylaxis during operations. Each of the children had a history of urticaria after exposure to rubber products, and this investigation suggests that anaphylaxis was due in both cases to . . .
MCM2: Test of utility as a molecular marker in advanced-stage oropharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: S. M. Wiseman, J. Reidy, H. Swede, T. Loree, N. Rigual, W. Hicks, J. Huberman, D. Tan, J. Winston
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

5590 Background: MCM2 is a member of the family of minichromosome maintenance (MCM) proteins that play an important role in the regulation of DNA replication. MCM2 has been shown to be a proliferation marker in several types of tissue. In this study we examined the utility of the proliferation marker MCM2 as a molecular prognostic marker in 30 oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas. Methods: Parallel sections of 30 oropharyngeal tumors were stained with antibodies against MCM2. The tumor sub-sites were: base of tongue in 11 patients, tonsillar fossa in 13 patients, pharyngeal wall in 5 patients, and faucial arch in 1 patient. The percentage of positively stained nuclei was scored for each antibody. Clinicopathologic patient data were retrospectively collected from medical charts. Results: The average age at presentation was 52 years and 2 months (range 43 - 80 years) in the overall patient population. Twenty-four patients were men and six patients were women. Twenty-eight patients (93%) presented with advanced stage (Stage III and IV) disease. There was no significant difference in the proportion of cells stained by anti-MCM2 between patients who died of the disease and those who remained alive (67.6% versus 62.9%, respectively, p=.74). Similarly, employing a multivariate Cox regression analysis, risk of death was not found to be associated with elevated MCM2 expression. These findings did not vary by disease subsite. Conclusions: Our data suggest that the cellular proliferation marker MCM2 is of limited clinical utility as a disease prognosticator in individuals diagnosed with advanced stage oropharyngeal carcinoma. The role of MCM2 as a molecular prognosticator in patients with early stage disease requires further investigation. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Cyclophosphamide and the bladder.
Journal: BMJ (1971)

with advanced chronic renal failure and not on haemodialysis became positive when phosphate as well as calcium was administered.They gave 15 or 20 g of calcium carbonate in the morning and 5.6 or 8X4 g of calcium phosphate in the evening.When calcium phosphate was given alone the plasma concentration of phosphate rose, but when calcium carbonate was given as well it fell.Calcium and phosphate were retained in the proportion of 4 to 1, a ratio similar to that found in normal bone.These changes were of a similar magnitude to those found in normal persons, and they cast doubt on the "vitamin D resistance" hypothesis.That calcium and phosphate supplements may be of clinical value in maintenance haemodialysis is suggested by J. R. Curtis and his colleagues.9They report that they observed improvement in radiological appearances and a reduction in serum alkaline phosphatase in a small number of patients whom they treated.Though metastatic calcifica- tion did not occur in these patients, the safety of this treat- ment needs to be confirmed, and plasma concentrations of calcium and phosphate should be watched carefully when it is given.If their product exceeds 7010 the risk of calcification in arteries, eyes, and joints is high.
Predictive value of the detection of viral RNA in lymphocytes of patients having a chronic hepatitis C under interferon alpha therapy and comparison with other virological markers 1-Laboratory of bacteriology-virology; hospital Avicenne, UFR Bobigny, 2-Laboratory of microbiology; hospital of Versailles, 3-Service of Hepatogastroenterology; hospital Avicenne, UFR Bobigny, 4-Service of medicine A; hospital of Versailles, Franc EU
Journal: Hepatology (1995)
Respiratory Illness Associated With Inhalation of Mushroom Spores—Wisconsin, 1994
Journal: JAMA (1994)

During April 8-14, 1994, eight persons aged 16-19 years from southeastern Wisconsin visited physicians for respiratory illness associated with inhalation of Lycoperdon perlatum (i.e., puffball mushrooms). On April 19, the Bureau of Public Health, Wisconsin Division of Health, was notified of these cases. This report summarizes the case investigations.