tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Cerebral hemodynamic and metabolic changes in fulminant hepatic failure: A retrospective study
Authors: S Aggarwal
Journal: Hepatology (1994)

The purpose of this retrospective study was to determine cerebral hemodynamic and metabolic changes in comatose patients with fulminant hepatic failure. Computerized tomography of the brain and cerebral blood flow measurements by the xenoncomputerized tomography scan or intravenous xenon-133 methods were obtained in 33 patients with fulminant hepatic failure. In a subgroup of 22 patients, arteriojugular venous oxygen content difference and cerebral metabolic rate for oxygen were determined. Carbon dioxide reactivity was tested in 17 patients, and intracranial pressure was recorded by an epidural monitor in 8 patients. Cerebral blood flow and arteriojugular venous oxygen content difference were adjusted to the average arterial carbon dioxide pressure of the sample (32 mm Hg). Adjusted cerebral blood flow varied from 16.5 to 94.7 ml/100 gm/min; 52 of the patients had reduced adjusted cerebral blood flows (less than 33 ml/100 gm/min), whereas 24 had hyperemic values (greater than 50 ml/100 gm/min). Patients with higher adjusted cerebral blood flows showed cerebral swelling on computerized tomography scan (p < 0.002), were in deeper coma (p < 0.05) and had greater mortality (p < 0.002). The adjusted arteriojugular venous oxygen content difference was negatively correlated with adjusted cerebral blood flow (r = −0.61, p < 0.002). The majority of patients with reduced adjusted cerebral blood flows had low adjusted arteriojugular venous oxygen content differences (less than 5 vol), indicating hyperemia rather than ischemia. The average cerebral metabolic rate for oxygen was 50 of normal (1.6 ± 0.4 ml/100 gm/min); even patients with low cerebral metabolic rates for oxygen recovered neurologically. Carbon dioxide reactivity was preserved in almost all patients, which argues for the effectiveness of hyperventilation in reducing blood flow. All four patients with elevated intracranial pressures (greater than 24 mm Hg) had increased adjusted cerebral blood flows; three of four patients with intracranial pressures less than 20 had reduced adjusted cerebral blood flows. These findings suggest that cerebral swelling, intracranial hypertension and cerebral hyperemia are poor prognostic signs in patients with fulminant hepatic failure. (Hepatology 1994; 19:80-87).
CIN or not to sin
Authors: C. M. Fenoglio
Journal: JAMA (1984)

Cervical neoplasia has been extensively studied with respect to its pathological and epidemiologic factors. There is a continuum of disease that ranges from cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN)<sup>1</sup>to widespread metastatic disease. The risk factors for CIN or invasive cancers developing appear to be similar. The epidemiology of cervical neoplasia was first studied by Gagnon,<sup>2</sup>who showed that this disease was absent in a population of Canadian nuns. Since this initial study, it is clear that cervical cancer is related to a number of identifiable risk factors, including early sexual activity, multiple pregnancies, multiple sexual partners, early age at first pregnancy or first marriage, promiscuity, and exposure to a "high-risk" male sexual partner. When all of the epidemiologic risk factors are analyzed, one finds that they have in common the degree of sexual activity engaged in by the women with cervical neoplasia or by their sexual partner(s) and that
The treatment of dacryostenosis
Authors: C. A. Frankel
Journal: JAMA (1988)

<h3>To the Editor. —</h3> A glance at the title of your May 27th A PIECE OF MY MIND essay by Dr LaCombe<sup>1</sup>—"The Cabalist"—hints that we have a wordsmith here with considerable affection for<i>language</i>. What a minor disappointment, then, that Dr LaCombe appears to misuse the word<i>penultimate</i>in the latter part of the piece. In the context of the article, it would seem that Dr LaCombe wished to express<i>ultimate</i>in its most superlative sense (ie, the most ultimate diagnostic tool). He chose the word<i>penultimate</i>to express this.<i>Penultimate</i>, however, comes from the Latin<i>paenultima</i>, "penult," and means one step removed from, really one step less than, the final or "ultimate" anything in a progression. Dr LaCombe therefore seems to have missed his ultimate linguistic mark (but just by one). Lest anyone cast a fishy eye at this carping, let it be known that as a
THE VALUE OF ANTITOXIN IN TETANUS PROPHYLAXIS.
Journal: JAMA (1907)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Medical Education and Financial Assistance Programs Sponsored by US Government Agencies
Journal: JAMA (1994)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Recurrent Mononucleosis
Authors: Charles E. Bender
Journal: JAMA (1962)

OCCASIONALLY, during informal discussions, physicians will mention having treated patients for recurrences of mononucleosis. On the other hand, the infrequency of case reports, some unfortunately lacking adequate confirmation, attests to the rarity of authentic recurrences. As a rule the author has established the diagnosis of one attack with indisputable hematologie and serologic data included in his report. The documentation of other attacks, however, often lacks conviction, the patient frequently having been treated by other physicians. A case in point is that of Paterson and Pinninger, who conclude as follows: "This patient had three attacks of infectious mononucleosis over seven years. Unfortunately figures are not available for the blood counts and Paul-Bunnell tests of the first two attacks, but the patient is a reliable and intelligent witness and the Royal Air Force authorities have confirmed that the second attack was genuine." In practice, the question of recurrent mononucleosis is apt to
Heredity and Environment in Idiopathic Hemochromatosis
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
THE DISCOVERER OF THE BABCOCK TEST FOR MILK FAT
Journal: JAMA (1923)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Misoprostol and Gastrointestinal Complications in Patients Taking Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs for Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Thomas D. Wendel
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1996)

Letters15 May 1996Misoprostol and Gastrointestinal Complications in Patients Taking Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs for Rheumatoid ArthritisThomas D. Wendel, MDThomas D. Wendel, MDSt. Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital Center; New York, NY 10025Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-124-10-199605150-00014 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Silverstein and colleagues [1] recently presented the results of an interesting and important study on the prevention of gastrointestinal complications in patients taking nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). It is unfortunate, however, that the editors of Annals did not demand the types of analyses for which the journal has become known.The study showed a difference between the misoprostol and placebo groups that was marginally statistically significant (P = 0.049). The fact that the sample size was large implies that the difference was small. Indeed, the incidence of defined serious upper gastrointestinal complications was 0.95% in the placebo ...References1. Silverstein FE, Graham DY, Senior JR, Wyn Davies H, Struthers BJ, Bittman RM, et al. Misoprostol reduces serious gastrointestinal complications in patients with rheumatoid arthritis receiving nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Ann Intern Med. 1995; 123:241-9. Google Scholar2. Levine JS. Misoprostol and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: a tale of effects, outcomes, and costs [Editorial]. Ann Intern Med. 1995; 123:309-10. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Thomas D. Wendel, MDAffiliations: St. Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital Center; New York, NY 10025 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byAspirin-like drugs cause gastrointestinal injuries by metallic cation chelation 15 May 1996Volume 124, Issue 10Page: 926KeywordsAbsolute risk reductionBehaviorDrugsNSAIDsNumber needed to treatOdds ratioRheumatoid arthritis ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 May 1996 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1996 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Health-care burden of NAFLD in European hospital-based outpatient hepatology clinics: real-world prospective data from the CONSTANS study
Authors: Vlad Ratziu, Dufour Jean-Francois, Quentin Anstee, Raluca Pais, Elisabetta Bugianesi, Fabio Marra, Sylvia Drazilova, Ravaioli Federico, Manuel Romero Gomez, Swartz Timothy, Jörn M. Schattenberg
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2020)
Origin and Interstate Spread of a New York City Multidrug-Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis Clone Family
Authors: Pablo J. Bifani
Journal: JAMA (1996)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To determine whether isolates of<i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>from New York and elsewhere that are resistant to four or more primary antimicrobial agents and responsible for widespread disease in the 1990s represent a newly emerged clone or a heterogeneous array of unrelated organisms. <h3>Setting.</h3> —New York City area and selected locations in the United States. <h3>Patients.</h3> —<i>M tuberculosis</i>isolates from 1953 patients in New York and multidrug-resistant isolates from six patients from other US communities. <h3>Design.</h3> —Convenience sample of all<i>M tuberculosis</i>strains (<i>M tuberculosis</i>isolates resistant to rifampin, streptomycin, isoniazid, and ethambutol, and sometimes ethionamide, kanamycin, capreomycin, or ciprofloxacin) submitted to the Public Health Research Institute Tuberculosis Center since 1991 and samples submitted to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention from throughout the United States. The samples submitted were representative of the New York City strains of<i>M tuberculosis</i>. <h3>Main Outcome Measure.</h3> —Characterization of resistant<i>M tuberculosis</i>strains studied by IS<i>61 10</i>and polymorphic GC-rich repetitive sequence (PGRS) hybridization patterns, multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis, and automated DNA sequencing of genes containing mutations associated with resistance to rifampin (<i>rpoB</i>), isoniazid (<i>katG</i>and<i>inhA</i>locus), and streptomycin (<i>strA</i>and<i>rrs</i>). <h3>Results.</h3> —Multidrung-resistant<i>M tuberculosis</i>isolates were recovered from 253 New York City patients and had the same or closely allied IS<i>6110</i>and PGRS patterns, multiplex PCR type, and gene mutations associated with resistance to rifampin, isoniazid, and streptomycin. Isolates with these same molecular characteristics were recovered from patients in Florida and Nevada, health care workers in Atlanta, Ga, and Miami, Fla, and an individual who recently moved from New York City to Denver, Colo, and caused disease or skin test conversion in at least 12 people in a nursing home environment. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —The results document the molecular origin and spread of progeny of a closely related family of multidrug-resistant<i>M tuberculosis</i>strains that have recently shared a common ancestor and undergone clonal expansion. The multidrug-resistant phenotype in these organisms arose by sequential acquisition of resistance-conferring mutations in several genes, most likely as a consequence of antibiotic selection of randomly occurring mutants in concert with inadequately treated infections. Dissemination of these difficult-to-treat bacteria throughout New York City and to at least four additional US cities has adverse implications for tuberculosis control in the 21st century. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1996;275:452-457)
Cimetidine toxic reactions masquerading as delirium tremens
Authors: W. W. Weddington
Journal: JAMA (1981)

CIMETIDINE, an inhibitor of gastric acid secretion, is widely used for the treatment of peptic ulcer and to prevent gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding in high-risk patients. Infrequent side effects of cimetidine include headache, dizziness, fatigue, rash, diarrhea, constipation, muscle pain, gynecomastia, and granulocytopenia.<sup>1,2</sup> Grimson<sup>3</sup>reported two cases of mental confusion after patients received double dosages. Subsequently, other case reports<sup>4-6</sup>described cimetidine-associated confusion, delirium, depression, and coma. We describe a patient in whom a cimetidine-associated delirium developed that initially was thought to be alcohol withdrawal. Subsequent treatment of presumed delirium tremens led to a worsened clinical state. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 64-year-old woman was admitted to a hospital for upper abdominal pain. She had a history of drinking several beers each day, but her blood alcohol level was 0 mg/dL at admission. A nasogastric aspirate was guiac positive, and a spot urine amylase was positive. Her BUN and
Active Immunization
Authors: Geoffrey Edsall
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1946)

THE continued extension of public-health and preventive medical activities, the need for new and massive immunization programs among the armed forces of the United States and other countries, and the corresponding impetus that the war gave to investigations concerning active immunization have in recent years produced an enormous mass of theoretical and experimental observations in this field.In this review no attempt is made to cover any branch except active immunization as it applies to diseases existing in New England for which such immunization is of practical interest — that is, diphtheria, scarlet fever, tetanus, pertussis, typhoid fever, smallpox, influenza . . .
Sigmund Pollitzer (1859-1937)
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
$alpha;2-Macroglobulin is mainly produced by cancer cells and not by hepatocytes in rats with colon carcinoma metastases in liver
Authors: S SMORENBURG
Journal: Hepatology (1996)

Localization and production of alpha2-macroglobulin (alpha2M), a multifunctional binding protein with protease and cytokine scavenging properties, was studied in situ in rat livers containing experimentally induced colon carcinoma metastases by means of immunocytochemistry and in situ hybridization methods. The study was performed to investigate whether alpha2M production by hepatocytes plays a role in the defense against the growth of metastases on the basis of its protease inhibiting capacity. It was found that colon cancer cells in all developmental stages of the metastases contained large amounts of messenger RNA (mRNA) of alpha2M but hardly any alpha2M protein. Cancer cells in culture contained large amounts of both mRNA and protein of alpha2M. In contrast, stromal cells and liver cells did not show positivity for alpha2M mRNA above background levels. The exception was a few layers of hepatocytes around the latest stage of metastases. Hepatocytes contained both alpha2M mRNA and protein only when Kupffer cells were present, indicating that alpha2M mRNA production was induced via Kupffer cells. On the other hand, alpha2M protein was found in high amounts in the sinusoids and stroma of all metastases, irrespective of their developmental stage. Increased levels of alpha2M could not be detected in serum in all but one rat tested (n=8). It is concluded that production of alpha2M by hepatocytes occurs only around the latest developmental stage of metastases and that alpha2M does not play a significant role in the defense against metastatic cancer growth in rat liver. In contrast, cancer cells produce and secrete large amounts of alpha2M, which seems to be linked with their tumorigenicity. We suggest that this alpha2M captures cytokines rather than proteases by complex formation. These complexes were observed using immunocytochemical staining for alpha2M protein indicating that it was captured by either stromal cells, sinusoidal cells, or hepatocytes that are in direct contact with cancer cells, Therefore, changes in serum levels of alpha2M were limited, indicating that these levels do not reflect local production and effects of alpha2M. (Hepatology 1996 Mar;23(3):560-70)
When the Tumor is Not the Target, Tell the Children
Authors: Ruprecht Nitschke, William H. Meyer, Heather C. Huszti
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2001)

Article Tools SPECIAL DEPARTMENTS Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2001.19.2.595 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 11208858 When the Tumor is Not the Target, Tell the Children Ruprecht NitschkexRuprecht NitschkeSearch for articles by this author , William H. MeyerxWilliam H. MeyerSearch for articles by this author , Heather C. HusztixHeather C. HusztiSearch for articles by this author Show More University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2001.19.2.595 First Page Full Text PDF Figures and Tables © 2001 by American Society of Clinical Oncology