tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Phase III, randomized, open-label, multicenter trial (BREAK-3) comparing the BRAF kinase inhibitor dabrafenib (GSK2118436) with dacarbazine (DTIC) in patients with BRAF<sup>V600E</sup>-mutated melanoma.
Authors: Axel Hauschild, Jean Jacques Grob, Lev V. Demidov, Thomas Jouary, Ralf Gutzmer, Michael Millward, Piotr Rutkowski, Christian U. Blank, Beloo Mirakhur, Mary E. Guckert, R. Suzanne Swann, Patricia Haney, Anne-Marie Martin, Danielle Ouellet, Kelly Grotzinger, Vicki L. Goodman, Paul B. Chapman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

LBA8500^ Background: Dabrafenib, a selective BRAF inhibitor, has shown activity with a manageable safety profile in phase I/II studies in patients (pts) with BRAF V600E -mutated metastatic melanoma (MM). This phase III trial (NCT01227889) compared progression-free survival (PFS) in pts with advanced MM treated either with dabrafenib or dacarbazine (DTIC). Methods: Pts with previously untreated, unresectable stage III or IV BRAF V600E -mutated melanoma were randomized (3:1) and stratified by stage to dabrafenib (150 mg po bid) or DTIC (1000 mg/m 2 , IV, q3w). Primary endpoint was investigator-assessed PFS. Primary analysis for PFS was planned after 102 events. Pts on the DTIC arm were allowed to cross over once progression was confirmed by independent review (IR). Secondary endpoints included PFS by IR, overall survival (OS), response rate (RR), duration of response, safety and pharmacokinetics. Results: 250 pts were enrolled at 93 centers globally from February to September 2011. 187 were randomized to dabrafenib and 63 to DTIC. 141pts were on study treatment at the data cut-off at December 19, 2011 (dabrafenib n = 127; DTIC n = 14), including 21/28 DTIC pts crossed over to dabrafenib. Median age was 52 years, 31% of pts were ECOG &gt;1, 66% M1c, 33% LDH &gt; ULN. Demographics were well balanced between the two arms. At the time of the primary analysis, there were 118 events (77 dabrafenib and 41 DTIC). The hazard ratio for PFS was 0.30 (95% CI: 0.18–0.53; p &lt; 0.0001). Median PFS was 5.1 months for dabrafenib and 2.7 for DTIC. OS data were immature, with 30 deaths reported. Confirmed RR was 53% for dabrafenib and 19% for DTIC. Benefits in PFS and RR were observed in all subgroups evaluated. Common adverse events (AEs) on the dabrafenib arm were hyperkeratosis (37%), headache (32%), pyrexia (28%), arthralgia (27%), skin papillomas (24%). Serious AEs (&gt; 1%) on the dabrafenib arm included pyrexia (4%), squamous cell carcinomas (6%), and new primary melanomas (2%). Conclusions: Dabrafenib demonstrated a significant improvement in PFS and ORR over DTIC with an acceptable safety profile.
CORRECTIONS
Journal: JAMA (1918)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Death resulting from ipecac syrup poisoning
Authors: A. G. Adler
Journal: JAMA (1980)

IPECAC syrup is commonly used to induce emesis in patients who have ingested toxic substances. Its relative safety and effectiveness have been proved over many years of use.<sup>1</sup>Miser and Robertson<sup>2</sup>have recently reviewed the 14 reports in the literature, from 1908 until 1978, of ipecac poisoning. All but three were due to the accidental ingestion of the fluid extract, which has not been commercially available since the mid-1960s. Among these reports, however, were three cases of ipecac syrup poisoning, all of which were associated with phenothiazine overdose, which inhibited emesis; these patients survived. We report here the first death, to our knowledge, due to ipecac syrup poisoning. The ipecac was being taken as a means of inducing emesis to lose weight. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 26-year-old woman without previous medical problems was admitted to Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, with palpitations, chest tightness, exertional dyspnea, and
Limb salvage in diabetics with "hopeless" ischemia. Use of autogenous tissuereconstruction (ATR)
Authors: D. B. Alderman
Journal: JAMA (1967)

It is axiomatic in arterial reconstructive surgery that success is directly related to the size of the vessel and the adequacy of the "outflow tract" below the reconstructed segment. The results are always much more satisfactory in the large vessels of the aorto-iliac segment than in the smaller arteries at the femoropopliteal level.<sup>1-4</sup> While success in varying degrees is reported when a femoropopliteal arterial block is relatively discrete and the outflow tract is good, these circumstances usually attend relatively minor degrees of ischemia such as that which is manifested by claudication. When diffuse arteriosclerosis exists with femoropopliteal blocks at multiple levels, the results have been far less sanguine. Unfortunately, these patients who have pain while at rest, ischemic ulcers, and gangrene are the ones who need help most. The arterial lesions of diabetes tend to be very diffuse in the small and medium-sized vessels of the viscera and extremities.
HIV Primary Care
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Section D. THE NATURE OF THE TRAINING STRESS
Authors: A Rebuck, C Davies', A Knibbs2 ', J Szmodis, J Skinner, R Hutsler, V Bergsteinova, E Buskirk, J Brooke
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1973)

During the study of control of ventilation, the sensitivity of the central chemoreceptor is assessed by measurement of ventilatory response to increasing C02 tension.We have used a rebreathing technique to measure ventilatory response to CO2 during recovery from asthma (Clinical Science, 1971).It was found that in patients with asthma, ventilatory response to C02 was impaired, but increased during recovery.Furthermore some patients, who on clinical and spirometric grounds had recovered from their asthma, remained poorly responsive to C02.In the majority of cases, this was a pointer to underlying lung disease, but in one example no explanation could be found for failure to increase response.This led to the study of a further group of subjects, certain to be free from lung disease, yet with a wide range of physical abilities:-champion athletes.A remarkably low response, unlike any previously described for normal subjects, was found in two of the long-distance athletes, the pattern being similar to that seen during an attack of asthma (0.57 and 0.69 litres/min/mm Hg).On the other hand one of the sprinters had a ventilatory response to C02 over 10 times more sensitive than the long-distance runner, his ventilation increasing by 5.61 litres/min/mm Hg, the second highest response so far reported.This is well outside two standard deviations for a group of 38 non-athletic normal subjects studied in our laboratory (mean = 2.68 litres/min/mm Hg; S.D. = 1.04).Eight of the athletes held Australian or State records or titles.Amongst these, the ventilation at Pco2 levels of 55 and 65 mm Hg was significantly lower for the long-distance runners than for the sprinters.In order to explore the effect of training, the study was repeated in 5 Australian Olympic Swimmers at a time when they had completed several months endurance swimming.Despite the uniform training programme, a similar pattern to that of the athletes emerged.Two long-distance champions had slopes of VE/Pco2 below 2.0 litres/min/mm Hg, while a slope of 8.2 litres/min/mm Hg was produced by a Mexico Olympic Games sprint medallist, by far the highest level yet reported.Thus a very wide range of responsiveness of the respiratory centre to C02 has been demonstrated.It is suggested that the innate sensitivity of the respiratory centre to chemical stimuli may be a major determinant of whether a man can be a champion distance performer.
Clinical Immunology
Authors: Carlos Abramowsky
Journal: JAMA (1980)

Parker's<i>Clinical Immunology</i>is the latest to swell the ranks of books in this growing field. However, it should appeal to a large audience, particularly to the nonimmunologist clinician. This two-volume, 1,438-page opus is the product of some 60 authors. It probably should not be viewed as an immunology book (at the risk of scaring off some of its intended audience), but as a text of clinical medicine that concentrates on diseases in which immunologic mechanisms are important. To facilitate understanding of the subject for the nonimmunologist reader, the first 400 pages are devoted to basic immunology. Topics such as lymphocyte biology, autoimmunity, complement, immune complexes, and inflammation are discussed with outstanding clarity, aided by explanatory diagrams and tables. I found these sections reasonably up to date and relevant to human disease. A topic I particularly enjoyed for its concise and lucid presentation was lymphocyte subpopulations (helpers-suppressors). References to the
Experiences in Antibiotic Therapy of Severe Staphylococcic Pneumonias
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
BOOK REVIEWS
Journal: Circulation (1969)

The greater problem has always resided in the very young," provides the motivation for the writing of this book.One half of infants born with congenital heart disease die in their first year and the majority in the first month.The authors recognize and clearly define the difficulties to be faced in providing better care for these infants.In their conservative manner they make a strong case for optimism.The authors' targets are pediatricians and family physicians; their goals are early recognition of congenital heart disease in the neonate and early referral of these patients to diagnostic and treatment centers.The book is divided into five sections.The first considers the anatomy and physiology of the heart and the great vessels, the frequency of cardiac malformations, and their etiology.It in- cludes a brief examination of the diagnositc tools available to the practitioner and a diagnostic ap- proach to congenital heart disease.Part two, "The Ten Major Cardiac Malforma- tions," covers briefly and succinctly the ten most frequently observed cardiac malformations in the neonate.The remaining sections examine "Less Common Disorders," "Rare Anomalies," and "Related Prob- lems."Drs. Rowe and Mehrizi have assembled this material with brevity and clarity.When brevity resulted in the omission of important information, the exhaustive bibliography provided the appro- priate source to fill the gap.This volume will be of value to all physicians dealing with infants.The superb bibliography makes it of particular value to the cardiologist.
The effect of diaper type and overclothing on fecal contamination in day-care centers
Authors: R. Van
Journal: JAMA (1991)

Fecal coliform contamination of environmental surfaces and hands in the daycare center is common. This study evaluated the effect of two diaper types on fecal contamination. Ten rooms in four day-care centers containing 141 children were studied in a prospective, randomized, crossover study. A total of 2946 samples were cultured during the 9-week study. Fecal coliforms were isolated from 307 inanimate objects (15%), 73 toy balls (46%), and 131 hands (17%). The number of contaminated inanimate objects was significantly less in rooms where paper diapers were worn when compared with that in rooms where double cloth diapers with plastic overpants were worn and in rooms where clothes were worn over diapers. Inanimate object cultures had more contamination in rooms in which diarrhea had occurred. Containment of feces by overclothes and diaper type may be important in decreasing transmission of enteric pathogens in day-care environments. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1991;265:1840-1844)
Sixth Annual Meeting of the International Society for Experimental Hematology
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1977)

Sixth Annual Meeting of the International Society for Experimental Hematology Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 58, Issue 2, February 1977, Page 467, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/58.2.467-d Published: 01 February 1977
Trichilemmal carcinoma with a cutaneous horn
Authors: M-G. Song, H-G. Min, S-Y. Jung, J-M. Yang, E-S. Lee
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2000)

SIR, An 83‐year‐old woman presented with a 6‐month history of a 1‐cm diameter skin lesion on the forehead (Fig. 1a). The lesion had gradually increased in size and had bled recurrently. Examination showed a tender dome‐shaped crusted nodule with a cutaneous horn. Histopathologically there was multiple lobular or trabecular proliferation of tumour cells beneath some crusting, but also marked hyperkeratosis (Fig. 1b). At the periphery of each lobule, the cells were in a palisading arrangement and became swollen toward the central area, with a pale eosinophilic or clear cytoplasm. Most tumour cells showed nuclear atypia or pleomorphism and some had mitotic figures. The clear cytoplasm of the tumour cells contained periodic acid–Schiff (PAS)‐positive diastase‐sensitive material. On immunohistochemical staining, there was positivity for high molecular weight cytokeratin and epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), but negative results for carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), S‐100 and low molecular weight cytokeratin. Total excision was done under the diagnosis of trichilemmal carcinoma, and the patient has been free of recurrence or metastasis to date.
New Zealand Mixed Mice: A Genetic Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Model for Assessing Environmental Effects
Authors: Ulrich H. Rudofsky, David A. Lawrence
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1999)

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multiphenotypic autoimmune disease.The hallmark of SLE is the production of anti-double-stranded DNA autoantibodies and the deposition of immune complexes in target tissues such as the kidney, skin, and brain.Additional phenotypic traits are the presence of arthritis, anemia, central nervous system involvement, and a variety of autoantibodies.Females of childbearing age are particularly at risk.Recent genetic analysis of murine SLE shows that susceptibility is under complex polygenic control.It is also apparent that environmental factors contribute to the induction and exacerbation of SLE.We describe here the genotypic and phenotypic characterization of a group of recombinant inbred strains of SLE-prone mice that were derived from NZB and NZW progenitors, the parental strains of the classic female F, hybrid lupus model.Recombination and reassortment of these ancestral genomes resulted in the NZM (New Zealand mixed) strains with strain-specific patterns of renal disease penetrance and other autoimmune traits such as Coombs positive anemia and neurologic deficits.Multiple susceptibility loci of the ancestral strains demonstrate that SLE is inherited as a threshold trait.Because some of these loci co-localize with the susceptibility loci of the insulin-dependent diabetes of nonobese diabetic strain, it is apparent that there are disease-specific as well as autoimmunity-promoting genes.It is proposed that the NZM strains, particularly those with reduced disease penetrance or partial genotypes, provide an improved genetic model for assessment of the effects of environmental agents on SLE and autoimmunity.
SOCIETY NEWS.
Authors: C. S. Sherrington
Journal: JAMA (1895)

<h3>Third International Congress of Physiologists.</h3> —Bern, Sept 9 to 13, 1895.—At its opening session on Sept. 10, 1889, the first International Congress of Physiologists adopted the following resolutions: 1. An International Congress of Physiologists shall be held triennially, with the object of contributing to the advancement of physiology by affording physiologists of various nationalities an opportunity of personally bringing forward experiments, and of exchanging and discussing their views together, and of becoming personally acquainted one with another. 2. Membership of the Congress shall be open to all professors and teachers of biologic science, belonging to a medical faculty or any other similar scientific body, as well as to all scientific men engaged in biologic research. 3. The sessions of the Congress shall be devoted to physiologic communications and demonstrations. Further, communications relating to original research in anatomy, general pathology, and pharmacology, are acceptable in so far as they present features
Foot care program for patients with leprosy also may prevent amputations in persons with diabetes
Authors: A. A. Skolnick
Journal: JAMA (1992)

A FOOT SCREENING and treatment program developed for patients with Hansen's disease may prevent the great majority of lower extremity amputations in patients with diabetes. So say researchers at the Carville Foot Treatment Program of the Gillis W. Long Hansen's Disease Center, Carville, La. (Please see preceding article.) These researchers say that proper use of conservative treatments developed at the center would prevent more than 90% of lower-extremity amputations in diabetic patients (<i>Mil Med.</i>1990;155:575-579). <h3>Lower-Extremity Amputations</h3> At present, diabetes mellitus is the number one cause of lower-extremity amputation in the United States. It accounts for approximately 60000 cases per year and 50% to 70% of all nontraumatic amputations, says Charles A. Patout, Jr, MD, director of the Rehabilitation Program at the Hansen's Disease Center. In fact, Patout says, "each year, approximately 1% of diagnosed diabetics in the United States undergo amputation of a lower extremity." According to Patout, the
Human Values in Psychological Medicine
Journal: JAMA (1935)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A controlled double-blind study of trimethobenzamide, prochlorperazine, and placebo
Authors: P. A. Bardfeld
Journal: JAMA (1966)

THE PHYSICIAN is commonly faced with the problem of patients with nausea and vomiting of varying degrees of severity. Among the antiemetic drugs that are now available to fill this need, prochlorperazine and trimethobenzamide hydrochloride have both been widely used, and both of these agents have individually been subjected to studies comparing their effects with placebo.<sup>1-3</sup> Most of the previous tests with these drugs have been performed in a hospital setting. Furthermore, there is very little information comparing the efficacy of trimethobenzamide and prochlorperazine after systemic administration. The present study will concern itself with a comparative evaluation of prochlorperazine, trimethobenzamide, and placebo given by the intramuscular route to a predominantly ambulatory group of patients. <h3>Method</h3> The subjects of this experiment were of both inpatient and outpatient status and were not restricted as to sex. The only limitations were the exclusion of gravidas and persons below the age of 13