tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
What's new in the other general journals
Authors: Alison Tonks
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Therapeutic doses of paracetamol (acetaminophen) are normally considered safe. But in a recent experiment, healthy young volunteers taking therapeutic doses of the drug developed abnormal liver function after only a few days. Credit: JAMA The 145 volunteers took4gaday of paracetamol with or without an opioid (morphine, hydromorphone, or oxycodone), or a placebo. More than a third of the volunteers taking paracetamol had serum concentrations of alanine aminotransferase over three times the upper limit of normal at some point during the 14 day experiment. More than a fifth experienced peak concentrations over five times the upper limit of normal. The opioids seemed to make no difference either to peak concentrations of alanine aminotransferase or to the timing of the abnormal results, which persisted for 1-11 days after treatment was stopped and long after serum concentrations of paracetamol had fallen to subtherapeutic levels. Overall, peak values for alanine aminotransferase were two to three times higher in the paracetamol groups than the placebo group. Credit: JAMA The researchers aren't sure why no one has noticed such a marked effect before and suggest that further work be done to find out who is most vulnerable. In this study, Hispanic volunteers seemed more likely than non-Hispanic Americans to develop abnormally high serum concentrations of alanine aminotransferase (relative risk 1.9; 95% CI 1.1 to 3.3). JAMA 2006;296: 87–93 [OpenUrl][1][CrossRef][2][PubMed][3][Web of Science][4] In Germany, acupuncture is a popular treatment for chronic pain caused by osteoarthritis of the knee. Faced with a patchy and inconsistent evidence base, a consortium of social healthcare insurance organisations funded a large and well designed trial to find out if acupuncture adds anything to standard treatments based on anti-inflammatory drugs and physiotherapy. All 1007 participants had up to six sessions of physiotherapy and anti-inflammatory drugs as required (rofecoxib or diclofenac). They also had either 10 consultations with a doctor, … [1]: {openurl}?query=rft.jtitle%253DJAMA%26rft.stitle%253DJAMA%26rft.issn%253D0002-9955%26rft.aulast%253DWatkins%26rft.auinit1%253DP.%2BB.%26rft.volume%253D296%26rft.issue%253D1%26rft.spage%253D87%26rft.epage%253D93%26rft.atitle%253DAminotransferase%2Belevations%2Bin%2Bhealthy%2Badults%2Breceiving%2B4%2Bgrams%2Bof%2Bacetaminophen%2Bdaily%253A%2Ba%2Brandomized%2Bcontrolled%2Btrial.%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Adoi%252F10.1001%252Fjama.296.1.87%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Apmid%252F16820551%26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx [2]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1001/jama.296.1.87&link_type=DOI [3]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=16820551&link_type=MED&atom=%2Fbmj%2F333%2F7559%2F141.atom [4]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=000238683100026&link_type=ISI
Annoyance from Transportation Noise: Relationships with Exposure Metrics DNL and DENL and Their Confidence Intervals
Authors: Henk M. E. Miedema, Catharina G. M. Oudshoorn
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2001)

We present a model of the distribution of noise annoyance with the mean varying as a function of the noise exposure. Day-night level (DNL) and day-evening-night level (DENL) were used as noise descriptors. Because the entire annoyance distribution has been modeled, any annoyance measure that summarizes this distribution can be calculated from the model. We fitted the model to data from noise annoyance studies for aircraft, road traffic, and railways separately. Polynomial approximations of relationships implied by the model for the combinations of the following exposure and annoyance measures are presented: DNL or DENL, and percentage "highly annoyed" (cutoff at 72 on a scale of 0-100), percentage "annoyed" (cutoff at 50 on a scale of 0-100), or percentage (at least) "a little annoyed" (cutoff at 28 on a scale of 0-100). These approximations are very good, and they are easier to use for practical calculations than the model itself, because the model involves a normal distribution. Our results are based on the same data set that was used earlier to establish relationships between DNL and percentage highly annoyed. In this paper we provide better estimates of the confidence intervals due to the improved model of the relationship between annoyance and noise exposure. Moreover, relationships using descriptors other than DNL and percentage highly annoyed, which are presented here, have not been established earlier on the basis of a large dataset.
Myeloproliferative neoplasms
Authors: Nick Cross
Journal: HemaSphere (2019)

Learning goals Understand molecular mechanisms and importance of fibrosis in MPN. Recognise the importance and limitations of genomic analysis, and how disease biology relates to clinical phenotype. Know how patients with myelofibrosis should be managed, in particular which patients should be treated with ruxolitinib, approaches to control cytopenias and strategies for those who fail treatment. Introduction This session will focus on exciting new developments in our understanding of the processes that drive MPN and how this information is being translated into new treatments. The degree of fibrosis has been known for many years to be of prognostic significance in MPN. Ongoing studies are elucidating the mechanisms by which fibrosis develops, leading to the concept of a self-reinforcing malignant niche that is likely to require multiple therapeutic approaches to break down. Concerning the malignant clone itself, the spectrum of somatically acquired genomic lesions is generally well understood and includes variants that drive myeloproliferation, influence the clinical phenotype and promote disease progression. Although genetic analysis provides important diagnostic and prognostic information, it is clear that other factors such as ageing, inflammation and the bone marrow microenvironment also exert a significant influence on clonal dynamics. Finally, although targeted therapy with ruxolitinib is a cornerstone for treatment of intermediate/high risk patients with myelofibrosis, truly disease-modifying drugs or drug combinations remain to be identified. Combinations that influence the bone marrow microenvironment and/or address ruxolitinib-induced cytopenias are likely to be fruitful avenues for further investigation.
The Effect of Intensive Diabetes Therapy on the Development and Progression of Neuropathy
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1995)

Objective: To examine whether intensive therapy designed to achieve glycemic levels as close to normal as possible prevents or slows the progression of neuropathy when compared with conventional therapy in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial. Design: Multicenter, randomized, controlled clinical trial. Setting: 29 U.S. and Canadian clinical centers. Participants: 1441 patients aged 13 to 39 years, of whom 726 had had insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus for 1 to 5 years and had no retinopathy at baseline (primary prevention cohort); 715 had had diabetes for 1 to 15 years and had minimal to moderate nonproliferative retinopathy at baseline (secondary intervention cohort). Intervention: Intensive therapy with three or more daily insulin injections or continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion guided by four or more glucose tests per day compared with conventional therapy with one or two daily insulin injections. Results: Intensive therapy reduced the development of confirmed clinical neuropathy (defined as a history or physical examination consistent with clinical neuropathy confirmed by either abnormal nerve conduction or autonomic nervous system testing) by 64% (95% CI, 45% to 76%) in the combined cohorts after 5 years of follow-up (5% of the intensive therapy group compared with 13% of the conventional therapy group). The prevalence of abnormal nerve conduction and abnormal autonomic nervous system function were reduced by 44% (CI, 34% to 53%) and 53% (CI, 24% to 70%), respectively (26% of the intensive treatment group developed abnormal nerve conduction compared with 46% of the conventional treatment group; 4% of the intensive treatment group had abnormal autonomic nervous system function compared with 9% of the conventional treatment group). Finally, nerve conduction velocities generally remained stable with intensive therapy but decreased significantly with conventional therapy. Conclusion: Intensive diabetes therapy markedly delays or prevents the development of clinically manifest diabetic polyneuropathy as confirmed by objective nerve function testing in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
Zoonosis in the abattoir
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
COMPUTERS AND SILENT CHILDREN
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
<i>QuickStats</i>: Smoking Cessation* During Pregnancy — 46 States and the District of Columbia, 2014
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2016)

In 2014, 20.6% of pregnant women who smoked cigarettes during the first or second trimester, in a reporting area of 46 states and the District of Columbia, stopped smoking during pregnancy. Women in three states, South Dakota (31.3%), California (31.2%) and New Mexico (30.2%), as well as the District of Columbia (41.5%), reported the highest cessation rates during pregnancy. Kentucky (11.4%) and Maine (11.6%) reported the lowest cessation rates; cessation rates were generally lower for states in the Southeast. The reporting area included 3,819,113 births and represented 95% of all U.S. births in 2014.
Chronic Urticaria
Authors: Malcolm W. Greaves
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1995)

Though rarely life-threatening, widespread urticaria and its associated angioedema can be both debilitating and frightening. In some cases, lingual swelling requires treatment with epinephrine. Although accurate data on the prevalence of urticaria are unavailable, 15 to 23 percent of the U.S. population may have had this condition,1,2 which in many cases is prolonged and relapsing. On the basis of published data,3 a similar prevalence in the United Kingdom seems probable. Chronic urticaria is likely to be present at some time in about 25 percent of patients with urticaria. By chronic urticaria, I mean the occurrence of widespread wheals daily . . .
MITRAL INSUFFICIENCY FOLLOWING OPERATION FOR MITRAL STENOSIS
Journal: JAMA (1961)

More than a decade has passed since the development of modern techniques for the surgical treatment of mitral stenosis. During this relatively brief interval a remarkable experience has been gained in the indications for and the response to surgical intervention. Almost at the outset it was demonstrated that a satisfactory increase in the size of the valve orifice could arrest or reverse the pathophysiological patterns of mitral stenosis. However, it also became quite clear with time, even to the most enthusiastic protagonists, that surgery had important limitations. Under the restrictions imposed by closed heart techniques, an effective reconstitution of structure and function proved difficult, if not impossible, when extensive calcification and fusion rendered the valve exceptionally distorted and misshapen. The issue was always compounded under these circumstances and even under more favorable ones by the constant hazard of inadvertently creating valvular incompetence. Actually the frequency with which the clinical manifestations of
Mesenteric arteritis.
Authors: J G Mosley, A Desai, I Gupta
Journal: Gut (1990)

Four patients are presented with small bowel infarction secondary to a vascular arteritis. In three patients there was a history of rheumatoid arthritis. In each patient infarcted bowel was resected and a primary anastomosis performed. In one patient the anastomosis broke down and she subsequently died. One patient died from a disseminated rectal tumour three years later. The remaining patients remain well. If operated on early, intestinal infarction due to arteritis has a good prognosis.
Safety of Stainless Steel In Nickel Sensitivity
Authors: A. A. Fisher
Journal: JAMA (1972)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> A recent letter by Barranco and Solomon "Eczematous Dermatitis from Nickel," (220:1244, 1972) described a dermatitis in a nickel-sensitive patient from a stainless steel screw used to secure a transferred tendon for a dislocated patella as an example of "internal" allergic contact dermatitis. The authors state that a 4+ reaction was obtained with the stainless steel screw. However, not infrequently, hard metallic objects under a covered patch produce pressure, irritant reactions which are difficult to distinguish from the allergic variety. This is particularly so in individuals who have, or have recently recovered from an eczematous reaction which makes the skin irritable in a nonspecific manner. Furthermore, even though the stainless steel screw contained 14% nickel, this nickel is so firmly bound physically in the alloy, that body fluids or perspiration cannot "leach" out the nickel to make it available to produce an allergic reaction. The presence or
Closed Wounds of the Chest.--I
Authors: J. G. Scadding
Journal: BMJ (1941)

An attempt is here made to consider, necessarily from a main theoretical standpoint, the possible effect of advances in knowledge and technique in the treatment of wounds since the war of 1914-18.Of such advances three are outstanding.They are: chemotherapy for the conitrol of infection; increased understanding of the technique of artificial pneumothorax; and the development of thoracic surgery, iinclud- ing the elucidation or the principles of drainage of the pleura by closed methods.
Incorrect Pronunciation
Authors: Dene T. Walters
Journal: JAMA (1980)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I am aware that a language needs to evolve to remain healthy. I applaud the introduction of new slang and the development of new twists and meanings for words through usage. I do not side with the purists who regard all such evolution as contamination of the mother tongue, but I do deplore changes that come about through ignorance and that corrupt and diminish the language. One of these is the currently widespread pronunciation of the word "processes" so that it rhymes with "sees" and as if it were the plural form for a singular word ending in "is." There is absolutely no excuse for "pro-cess-sees." The word does not exist, and I refuse to be dragged into a world where it becomes the norm just because many people say it that way and where pronouncing it correctly will be viewed with suspicion. I refuse to accept
IONS IN PHYSIOLOGIC AND OTHER PROCESSES.
Journal: JAMA (1901)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
THE SIGNIFICANCE OF LEUCOCYTOSIS IN SURGICAL DIAGNOSIS.
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2B regulates efferocytosis and atherosclerosis
Authors: Yoko Kojima, Kelly Downing, Ramendra Kundu, Clint Miller, Frederick Dewey, Hope Lancero, Uwe Raaz, Ljubica Perisic, Ulf Hedin, Eric Schadt, Lars Maegdefessel, Tom Quertermous, Nicholas J. Leeper
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2019)
Editorial: Control of Sonne dysentery.
Journal: BMJ (1973)

Control of Sonne DysenteryMany infectious diseases of childhood have undergone a spectacular decline, but transmissible diarrhoeas continue to remain a burden to sufferers, family doctors, and public health and education services.In England Sonne dysentery is common, and it is disappointing that outbreaks should still be so frequent and often inadequately managed.The disease can be readily diagnosed-bacteriological confirmation is possible in 90% of cases-and its method of transmission is common
THE POMELO, OR GRAPEFRUIT
Journal: JAMA (1918)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Resistance of the alveolar epithelium to injury from septic shock in sheep.
Authors: J F Pittet, J P Wiener-Kronish, V Serikov, M A Matthay
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1995)

Experimentally, the intravenous administration of a bolus dose of Escherichia coli endotoxin in sheep or a bolus dose of live Pseudomonas aeruginosa in rats is insufficient to cause injury to the alveolar epithelial barrier. Therefore, the first objective of these studies was to maximize the injury caused by live bacteria to the lung by administering a large dose of live P. aeruginosa into the lung perfusate of goat lungs in situ. P. aeruginosa (2.4 x 10(10) colony-forming units [cfu]) and [131I]albumin (vascular protein tracer) were added to the lung perfusate. Even though the bacterial inoculum remained very high in this isolated perfused lung system, there was no change in the permeability to protein or clearance of fluid across the alveolar epithelium, although there was an increase in lung endothelial protein permeability. Therefore, since systemic factors have been implicated in the severity and pathogenesis of septic lung injury, the second objective was to administer a continuous intravenous infusion of live P. aeruginosa over 8 h in intact anesthetized sheep. The eight sheep so treated exhibited an intact, functional alveolar barrier, even though there was an increase in lung endothelial permeability to protein and an increase in extravascular lung water. In fact, in these eight sheep, alveolar epithelial fluid transport was significantly greater than in control sheep. In the three other septic sheep there was injury to the alveolar epithelial barrier with an increase in permeability of the barrier to protein, an inability to transport fluid out of the airspaces, and an even greater increase in extravascular lung water.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)