tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Five-year follow-up of patients with imatinib-resistant or -intolerant chronic-phase chronic myeloid leukemia (CML-CP) receiving dasatinib.
Authors: N. P. Shah, J. E. Cortes, C. A. Schiffer, F. Guilhot, T. H. Brummendorf, A. C. Chen, D. Healey, A. Lambert, G. Saglio
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

6512 Background: Dasatinib, a potent BCR-ABL inhibitor, is indicated as a second-line therapy for patients (pts) with imatinib-resistant or -intolerant CML. This 5-year (yr) analysis is the longest follow-up of CML-CP pts treated with a second-generation BCR-ABL inhibitor. Methods: Study design and endpoints have been described previously (Shah 2008, J Clin Oncol). Pts (N=670) were randomized to dasatinib: 100 mg once daily (QD), 50 mg twice daily (BID), 140 mg QD, or 70 mg BID. Results: Results herein are based on 4-yr data; 5-yr data will be presented. After 4 yrs minimum follow-up, 251 (37%) pts remain on treatment. More pts remain on treatment in the dasatinib 100 mg QD arm (n=74) compared with all other arms. Efficacy data for pts randomized to 100 mg QD (n=167) are: 66% progression-free survival (PFS), 82% overall survival (OS), and 4% transformation to advanced disease. In a landmark analysis of dasatinib 100 mg QD, achievement of complete cytogenetic response (CCyR with or without major molecular response) at 12 months (mos) is associated with an 87% PFS, and achievement of a partial CyR is associated with 78% PFS compared with PFS of 45% for pts with other/no CyR. For dasatinib 100 mg QD, non-hematologic adverse events (AEs; all grades) generally first occur <24 mos and cumulatively include: headache (33%), diarrhea (28%), fatigue (25%), and pleural effusion (24%); and hematologic AEs (grades 3/4) generally occur <12 mos: neutropenia (36%) and thrombocytopenia (24%). Dose/schedule modifications were permitted to manage AEs. Analysis of dosing by last dose available demonstrates that, across the 4 arms, 178 (71%) pts were on QD dosing, of which 107 (60%) pts were on ≥100 mg QD. Switching from BID to QD dosing occurred in 44% of pts. Conclusions: The majority of pts on treatment after 4 yrs continue on the QD dosing schedule. Long-term follow-up of dasatinib 100 mg QD further demonstrates durable efficacy and a generally better tolerated safety profile for pts with CML-CP following prior imatinib therapy.
Ethical guidelines for organ transplantation
Journal: JAMA (1968)

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REORGANIZATION OF FEDERAL HEALTH ACTIVITIES
Journal: JAMA (1924)

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Serum albumin is related to the incidence of stroke -
Authors: Lloyd E Chambless
Journal: Circulation (2001)

0025 We previously reported an inverse association between serum albumin and prevalent stroke. To examine the risk of future stroke associated with serum albumin we conducted a prospective analysis of 15,271 stroke-free individuals, participants in the population-based bi-ethnic Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study baseline examination (1987-1989). Over an average follow-up of 7 years, 218 incident hospitalized ischemic stroke cases were identified by standardized methods. The baseline mean levels (SD) of serum albumin were 3.77 (0.31) and 3.87 (0.27) g/dl respectively, for the incident stroke group and for those who remained free of stroke. Multivariable adjusted proportional hazard ratios (HR) and 95% CI of stroke per 1 SD (0.27 g/dl) lower albumin are presented in the table. Interactions of albumin and each of the stroke risk factors in the table were tested, and none were statistically significant. These data suggest that serum albumin is prospectively and inversely associated with the risk of ischemic stroke. This association is partially, but not fully, accounted for by the conventional risk factors, especially the hemostatic factors. Table 1.
THE RESIGNATION OF DR. DE WOLF.
Journal: JAMA (1889)

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Prayer Meeting
Journal: JAMA (2000)

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Epinephrine reaction treated with nitroglycerin
Authors: S. Spence Meighan
Journal: JAMA (1967)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Our article, "Continuing Medical Education Through Television" (<b>200</b>:762, 1967), was the subject of a letter toThe Journalby Dr. Charles E. Lewis (<b>201</b>:709, 1967). He criticized three aspects of our work: He questioned the representativeness of the sample of physicians from which our findings were derived. The study, however, was designed and the sample was obtained in accordance with well-accepted sampling procedures which are described in standard texts. He doubted the comparability of the responses of the three groups of participants. The responses of the first and second groups are comparable since they involve the same stimuli, the identical printed questionnaire. The responses of the physicians to questions by telephone may not be entirely comparable, but it is difficult to believe that physicians reporting their television viewing would be influenced by the method of communication used to obtain this kind of information.
Fundamentals of the Art of Surgery.
Journal: JAMA (1927)

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Defining the Role of Pollutants in the Disruption of Reproduction in Wildlife
Authors: Jo Ellen Hose, Louis J. Guillette
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1995)

Although chemical exposure has been associated with reduced reproduction in certain North American fish, reptiles, and mammals, definitive cause- and-effect data are lacking in many instances.Because the increasing use and global transport of industrial chemicals pose significant risk to success- ful reproduction, methods should be developed that can define the geographic extent and magnitude of injury and risk to wildlife.Because industrial chemicals are articles of commerce, information about injury to wildlife has been contentious and too often ineffective in changing societal behavior.The following strategies are advocated for inferring causal relationships.First, a balanced and comprehensive assessment of the data is necessary to determine the geographic extent of exposure and reproductive effects associated with environmental pollution.Initial efforts to document reproduc- tive injury should focus on specific ecosystems in which detrimental effects have been observed, but lack sufficient causal data.Model systems (including experimental mesocosms or field ecosystems) should be identified or designed that can adequately test multigenerational reproductive effects.Mechanistic data from supportive laboratory studies on reproductive toxicity, quantitative structure-activity relationships, and bioaccumitlation can be used to predict effects of related pollutants and to determine risk.Such information is essential to prevent future injury to wildlife and to priori- tize the numerous remediation decisions facing our society.
Caring for the Premature Baby
Journal: JAMA (1952)

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Reply
Authors: Aynur Unalp‐Arida, Constance E. Ruhl
Journal: Hepatology (2017)

Potential conflict of interest: Nothing to report. Supported by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (HHSN275201700074U). We thank αberg and colleagues for their interest in our article.1 We agree with the authors that although higher liver fibrosis scores were associated with increased liver disease and overall mortality, these scores are imperfect tools in the general population and that more accurate noninvasive risk indices would be welcome. Clinical studies of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease patients have identified plasma biomarkers that correlate with disease activity. For example, in the Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis Clinical Research Network, novel plasma biomarkers were associated with liver disease severity in adults with biopsy‐proven nonalcoholic fatty liver disease,2 and cytokines were associated with liver histology in children with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.3 Future studies of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey population could measure such biomarkers using stored serum specimens and investigate them longitudinally through linkage to the National Death Index files or Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services Medicare files for associations with important clinical outcomes. Such studies could test, and may even reveal, new noninvasive predictors for risk stratification in the general population.
Pulmonary Response to Polyurethane Dust
Authors: Klaus L. Stemmer, Eula Bingham, William Barkley
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1975)

Weanling and 9 months or older rats were exposed to particles of an aged (PUF I) or freshly prepared (PUF II) rigid polyurethane foam by intratracheal intubation. The dose was 5 mg of particles. The response of the lung tissue was examined morphologically by serial sacrifices. Inflammation and macrophage activity were the initial responses. Fibrosis developed after 6 months. Nodular scars and perifocal emphysema were seen after 12 months. Four rats had a papillary adenoma in a major bronchus after 18 months exposure to PUF II.
Cause and Outcome of Atypical Chest Pain in Patients Admitted to Hospital
Authors: Lynette Spalding, Emma Reay, Clive Kelly
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2003)

In patients with acute chest pain the prime need, usually, is to diagnose and treat myocardial infarction or ischaemia. When a cardiac origin for the pain has been excluded, patients are commonly discharged without either a diagnosis or a plan for follow-up. We studied a group of such patients to see how far causation was pursued and how their mortality compared with that of patients with a proven cardiac cause for their symptoms. The study population was 250 patients admitted over five weeks with chest pain suspected of being cardiac in origin. Initial assessment included an electrocardiogram and measurement of troponin T. If neither of these indicated a cardiac event, the patient was deemed to have ‘atypical’ chest pain and the cause, where defined, was recorded. Outcomes at one year were determined by questionnaire and by assessment of medical notes. Of the 250 patients, 142 had cardiac pain (mean age 79 years, 58% male) and 108 atypical chest pain (mean age 60 years, 55% male). Of those with atypical pain, 40 were discharged without a diagnosis; in the remaining 68 the pain was thought to be musculoskeletal (25), cardiac (21), gastrointestinal (12) or respiratory (10) in origin. 41 patients were given a follow-up appointment on discharge. At one year, data were available on 103 (96%) patients. The mortality rate was 2.9% (3 patients) compared with 18.3% in those with an original cardiac event. Half of the patients with atypical pain had undergone further investigations and 14% had been readmitted. The yield of investigative procedures was generally low (20%) but at the end of the year only 27 patients remained undiagnosed. Patients with atypical chest pain form a substantial proportion of emergency admissions. The symptoms often persist or recur. The commonest causation is musculoskeletal, but a sizeable minority remain undiagnosed even after follow-up.
Lung-Cancer Mortality as Related to Residence and Smoking Histories. II. White Females
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1964)

For a 10 percent sample of all white female lung-cancer deaths in the United States during 1958 and 1959, residence and smoking histories were collected from family informants and additional diagnostic details from certifying physicians. Residence and smoking histories were also obtained for a sample of the general population from the Current Population Survey. The findings for females agree on many points with earlier data reported for males: (a) higher lung-cancer risk, increasing with amount smoked for cigarette smokers in all population groups; (b) higher risks among residents of urban areas and metropolitan counties; (c) residence gradients in risk much smaller than smoking-class gradients; (d) accentuation of urbanrural contrasts in risks among lifetime residents; (e) higher risks for mobile populations with 3 or more exposure residences and for the foreign-born; (f) identification of the farm-born migrating to metropolitan counties as a high-risk group. The major difference between the results for each sex is that female smokers residing in urbanized areas did not display risks higher than those expected from the sum of 2 separate smoking and residence effects. Among nonsmokers, the male-female ratio for lung-cancer mortality was 1.3, a figure in line with the sex differential for most causes of death. Male smokers of 1 pack or less and more than 1 pack of cigarettes daily had lung-cancer rates 4 times higher than for corresponding females. The possibility of reconciliation of the disparate risks for male and female smokers to bring them into line with the relationship holding for nonsmokers through more accurate measures of “effective exposure” is discussed.
Philosophy of Medicine
Journal: JAMA (2002)

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The Histone Demethylase KDM1A Sustains the Oncogenic Potential of MLL-AF9 Leukemia Stem Cells
Authors: William J. Harris, Xu Huang, James T. Lynch, James R. Hitchin, Yaoyong Li, Filippo Ciceri, Julian G. Blaser, Brigit F. Greystoke, Allan M. Jordan, Donald J. Ogilvie, Tim C.P. Somervaille
Journal: Cancer Cell (2012)
STATISTICS OF THE STATE BOARD EXAMINATIONS
Journal: JAMA (1921)

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