tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
THU0039 Insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor regulates the phenotype and function of cd21+ b cells
Authors: M. Erlandsson, C. Wasen, G. Gravina, M.I. Bokarewa
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2018)

<h3>Background</h3> Ligand to the inducible T cell costimulator (ICOSL) on B cells is essential for the ICOS-dependent follicular recruitment of activated T cells. In patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) the IGF1-IGF1R axis is altered. Inhibition of IGF1R alleviated arthritis by reducing IL-6-dependent formation of Th17 cells.<sup>1</sup> Here we study the role of IGF1R on CD21 +cells in experimental arthritis. <h3>Methods</h3> Female Balb/c mice were immunised with methylated BSA or with CII. Consequences of the IGF-1R inhibition for arthritis were studied in mBSA and CII-immunised mice treated with NT157 compound promoting degradation of insulin receptor substrates or using shRNA producing construct (shIGF1R). At termination three sub-populations of CD21 +cells were analysed: follicular dendritic cells (FDc, CD21 +CD19-CXCR5-); marginal zone B cells (MZBc, CD21 +CD19+CXCR5-); follicular B cells (FBc, CD21 +CD19+CXCR5+). Supernatants of LPS-stimulated splenocytes were analysed for production of cytokines, chemokines using Cytokine Array. Serum levels of antigen specific and autoantibodies were measured in an ELISA. <h3>Results</h3> In spleen of mBSA-immunised mice, ICOSL expression on CD21 +cells correlated to IGF1R (r=0.70, p=0.007). Inhibition of IGF1R induced a 20% reduction in ICOSL expression in all CD21 +subsets (p=0.007) followed by an increase in the number of MZBc (p=0.003), while FDc and FBc were unchanged. Inhibition of IGF1R had no effect on the expression of ICOS +on CD4 T cells or the subset of CXCR5 +follicular T cells. Reduction of the ICOSL +CD21+B cells was associated with lower production of IL-13. Inhibition of IGF1R signalling by NT157 and by shRNA, reduced production of CXCL13 and CXCL12, the chemokines essential for B cell migration towards follicules. In contrast, the production of chemokines CCL5 and CXCL12 preventing intra-follicular migration was increased, which explains the increase of MZBc. Additionally, the insufficient ICOSL signalling significantly reduced the production of IL-7 and IL-4, regulating class switching of B cells in germinal centres and differentiation of B cells into plasma cells. The described disbalance in the cytokines aiding B cell development led to the reduced production anti-inflammatory IL-10 and of mBSA-specific IgM (p=0.005) and increased production of autoreactive RF-IgM levels (p=0.001). <h3>Conclusions</h3> The study shows that IGF1R controls B cell development through the expression of ICOSL on CD21 +cells. Insufficient ICOSL signalling disturbs a balance between antigen-specific response and autoantibody production in experimental arthritis. <h3>Reference</h3> [1] Erlandsson MC, Toyra Silfversward S, Nadali M, Turkkila M, Svensson MND, Jonsson IM, et al. IGF-1R signalling contributes to IL-6 production and T cell dependent inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2017;1863:2158–70. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Editorial: by the sweat of thy brow
Authors: S. Vaisrub
Journal: JAMA (1975)

Bold, aggressive, self-assertive—how else can one describe a nutrient that inspires its votaries to ecstatic poetry ("Ode on Cheese," by James McIntyre) and equates its name with power ("the big cheese")—cheese must often assume a defensive posture when medicine, not gourmandise, is the judge. For instance, cheese has to be on the defensive when charged with causing indigestion ("an elf that digests everything but itself"). But then, it is so easy to shift the blame onto the "indiscretions" of a consumer who is either too gluttonous or too bibulous. The apple pie that often accompanies the cheese and the wine that washes it down, serve as useful scapegoats. It is also easy to pass on the blame for the occasional outbreak of brucellosis<sup>1</sup>or gastroenteritis of which cheese has been accused. After all, it is not cheese that caused the infection, but the<i>Brucella melitensis, the Escherichia coli</i>,<sup>2</sup>
Hepatitis B immunity in hospital staff targeted for vaccination. Role of screening tests in immunization programs
Authors: G. F. Grady
Journal: JAMA (1982)

To estimate how many hospital workers might be exempted from immunization with newly available but expensive hepatitis B vaccine, baseline serum samples were analyzed to determine prevalence and titer of hepatitis B (HB) surface antibody (anti-HBs) and prevalence of core antibody (anti-HBc). Among 1,370 persons tested, anti-HBs was present in 279 (20.4%), including 192 (14.0%) with titers of 10 ratio units or greater. In a subset of 746 subjects who denied recent exposures, and who were tested for anti-HBc and anti-HBs, at least one of the two antibodies was found in 172 (23.1%). There were 47 (6.3%) who had anti-HBs alone and 27 (3.6%) with anti-HBc alone. Prevalence was related more closely to clinical service (eg, renal dialysis or surgery) than to title (eg, physician or technician). (<i>JAMA</i>1982;248:2266-2269)
The Interferons
Authors: Samuel Baron
Journal: JAMA (1991)

The interferons (IFN) are one of the body's natural defensive responses to such foreign components as microbes, tumors, and antigens. The IFN response begins with the production of the IFN proteins (α, β, and γ), which then induce the antiviral, antimicrobial, antitumor, and immunomodulatory actions of IFN. Recent advances have led to Food and Drug Administration approval of five clinical indications for IFN. Interferon alfa is approved for hairy-cell leukemia, condyloma acuminatum, Kaposi's sarcoma in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, and non-A, non-B (type C) viral hepatitis. Interferon gamma has properties distinctive from those of IFNs α and β and is approved as an immunomodulatory treatment for chronic granulomatous disease. Promising clinical results with IFNs have also been reported for basal cell carcinoma, chronic myelogenous leukemia, cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, early human immunodeficiency virus infection, hepatitis B, and laryngeal papillomatosis. Future clinical uses of IFNs may emphasize combination therapy with other cytokines, chemotherapy, radiation, surgery, hyperthermia, or hormones. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1991;266:1375-1383)
Natural History of Cirrhosis: I. Survival with Esophageal Varices
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Radiation Control Aboard the USS Enterprise CVA(N)65
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Gaspare Aselli (1581-1626). The lacteals
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
National Mortality Followback Survey: Characteristics of Persons Who Died From Diseases of the Heart—United States, 1986
Journal: JAMA (1989)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 3160: Stromal markers of activated tumor associated fibroblasts predict poor survival and are associated with necrosis in non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Jordi Alcaraz, Josep-Lluís Carrasco, Laura Millares, Iuliana-Cristiana Benchea, Francisco-Javier Fernández, Anabel Martínez, María José Pajares, Julio Sánchez de Cos, Ramon Rami-Porta, Luis Seijo, Josep Ramírez, Noemí Reguart, Esther Barreiro, Eduard Monsó
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Tumor associated fibroblasts (TAFs) are essential contributors of the progression of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Most lung TAFs exhibit an activated phenotype characterized by the expression of α-SMA and fibrillar collagens. However, the prognostic value of these activation markers in NSCLC remains unclear. To address this question we conducted a retrospective multicentric study of the prognostic value of the standard markers of activated fibroblasts. For this purpose, we conducted a quantitative image analysis of α-SMA immunostaining and picrosirius red staining of fibrillar collagens imaged by bright-field and polarized microscopy, respectively, using tissue microarrays with samples from 220 surgical patients, which elicited a percentage of positive staining area for each marker and patient. Kaplan-Meier curves showed that all TAF activation markers were significantly associated with poor survival, and their prognostic value was independent of TNM staging as revealed by multivariate analysis, which elicited an adjusted increased risk of death after 3 years of 129% and 94% for fibrillar collagens imaged with bright-field (p = 0.004) and polarized light (p = 0.003), respectively, and of 89% for α-SMA (p = 0.009). We also found a significant association between all TAF activation markers and tumor necrosis, which is often indicative of hypoxia, supporting a pathologic link between tumor desmoplasia and necrosis/hypoxia. Our findings identify patients with large histologic coverage of fibrillar collagens and α-SMA+ TAFs to be at higher risk of recurrence and death, supporting that they could be considered for adjuvant therapy. Moreover it supports that antifibrotic drugs aiming to target tumor fibrosis may be an effective therapeutic approach to improve survival in NSCLC. Citation Format: Jordi Alcaraz, Josep-Lluís Carrasco, Laura Millares, Iuliana-Cristiana Benchea, Francisco-Javier Fernández, Anabel Martínez, María José Pajares, Julio Sánchez de Cos, Ramon Rami-Porta, Luis Seijo, Josep Ramírez, Noemí Reguart, Esther Barreiro, Eduard Monsó. Stromal markers of activated tumor associated fibroblasts predict poor survival and are associated with necrosis in non-small cell lung cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 3160.
EPCO-26. PROJECT HOPE: “PEDIATRIC AND AYA <i>H</i>IGH-GRADE GLIOMA <i>O</i>MICS <i>P</i>ROJ<i>E</i>CT”- A LONGITUDINAL MOLECULAR LANDSCAPE OF HIGH-GRADE GLIOMAS RESOLVED AT SINGLE-CELL LEVEL
Authors: Li Jiang, Olivia Hack, Husam Babikir, Karin Shamardani, Ilon Liu, McKenzie Shaw, Kennedy Cunliffe-Koehler, Adam Resnick, Michael Prados, Michelle Monje, Aaron Diaz, Mariella Filbin
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2020)

Abstract High-grade gliomas (HGG) are among the most prevalent and fatal cancers in pediatric, adolescent, and young adult (AYA) patients. Especially understudied are older children and young adults, aged 16–39 years. Previously, we profiled primary pediatric HGGs through single-cell transcriptomics and identified the genetic, epigenetic and developmental programs that drive their malignant progression. However, the questions of how these programs compare to those in older HGG patients, what the mechanisms are by which these tumors ultimately evolve to drive recurrence and treatment resistance, and how distinct tumor cell subpopulations bidirectionally communicate with their microenvironment remain to be elucidated. In order to investigate these questions, we use single-nucleus RNA sequencing to compare 11 paired, matched high-grade gliomas at diagnosis and recurrence and 15 additional H3K27M primary and recurrent DMG samples in pediatric and AYA patients. In all tumors, we find both undifferentiated and differentiated tumor cells recapitulating distinct glial lineages, as well as diverse microenvironmental cell populations. When longitudinally comparing this tumor architecture within matched pairs, we find substantial differences in transcriptional program expressions. In particular, recurrent samples showed a higher proportion of cells expressing heat- shock proteins (HSPs) and a novel cancer cell program characterized by synaptic formation and neurotransmitter secretory processes, suggesting tumor progression- and treatment-related shifts. Ongoing sequencing and analysis will allow for unprecedented insight into the evolutionary dynamics of pediatric and AYA high-grade gliomas as well as delineate differences in the biology of DMGs occurring in different age groups. This multi-institutional project was funded by the National Institute of Health.
Naproxen Overdose
Authors: L. James Strand
Journal: JAMA (1977)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> We have recently seen a patient who was reported to have ingested 25 g of naproxen (Naprosyn) as a single dose. This is 50 times the recommended daily therapeutic dose of naproxen in rheumatoid arthritis. In a report on the pharmacokinetics of naproxen overdoses, Runkel and colleagues (<i>Clin Pharmacol Ther</i>20:269, 1976) reported that, in contrast to the kinetics of salicylate elimination, high doses of naproxen of 1 to 4 g resulted in a disproportionate increase in renal excretion without evidence of saturation of the excretory mechanism. Our clinical experience with the patient reported here appears to confirm their experimental findings. The patient's complete blood cell count, electrolytes, blood chemistries, and urinalysis were within normal limits. His symptoms were limited to mild transient gastrointestinal distress (nausea and indigestion). The serum naproxen concentration approximately 15 hours after ingestion was 414 μg/ml, a high level but one consistent with
Clinical Judgements and Self-Ratings of Affective Traits and States
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Editors' reply
Authors: R B. Haynes, D. L Sackett
Journal: BMJ (1996)

<h3>Key Messages</h3> Firearms have a large impact on the health of individuals and societies globally, with a disproportionate burden on low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The firearms industry uses strategies to promote the sale and use of their products that are detrimental to health and therefore should be viewed through a commercial determinants of health lens. Coupled with the heightened risks during the COVID-19 pandemic, the threat to health posed by the firearms industry necessitates public health research, intervention, and collaboration. Public health practitioners and policy makers should increase efforts to reduce the burden of firearm violence. Public health researchers should use a commercial determinants of health lens when investigating health risks caused by firearms. When discussing solutions to firearm violence, public health practitioners and policy makers should include perspectives from LMICs and vulnerable groups.
A CHRONIC TYPHOID FEVER PRODUCER,
Journal: JAMA (1907)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
HIV seroprevalence among hospital workers in Kinshasa, Zaire. Lack of association with occupational exposure
Authors: J. M. Mann
Journal: JAMA (1986)

A study of seroprevalence of the human immunodeficiency virus involving 2384 (96%) of Mama Yemo Hospital's (Kinshasa, Zaire) 2492 personnel found 152 (6.4%) to be seropositive. Prevalence was higher among women than among men (8.1% vs 5.2%); in women peak seroprevalence (13.9%) occurred in 20-to 29-year-olds. Workers most likely to be seropositive were those who were relatively young, those who were unmarried, those reporting a blood transfusion or hospitalization during the previous ten years, and those receiving medical injections during the previous three years. Medical, administrative, and manual workers had similar seroprevalence (6.5%, 6.4%, and 6.0%, respectively), and seropositivity was not associated with any measure of patient, blood, or needle contact. These findings are consistent with other hospital-based studies indicating low risks for occupational transmission of human immunodeficiency virus. (<i>JAMA</i>1986;256:3099-3102)
PINEAPPLE DERIVIATOSIS.
Authors: IVAN POLUNIN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1951)

Journal Article PINEAPPLE DERIVIATOSIS. Get access IVAN POLUNIN, B.A., B.Sc., B.M., B.Ch. IVAN POLUNIN, B.A., B.Sc., B.M., B.Ch. Department of Social Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 63, Issue 12, 1 December 1951, Pages 441–455, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1951.tb13682.x Published: 01 December 1951
Supplemental and Concluding Report of the Working Group to Review the National Cancer Institute-American Cancer Society Breast Cancer Detection Demonstration Projects
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1979)

Supplemental and Concluding Report of the Working Group to Review the National Cancer Institute-American Cancer Society Breast Cancer Detection Demonstration Projects Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 62, Issue 3, March 1979, Pages 699–709, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/62.3.699 Published: 01 March 1979