tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Characterization of patients who received prior chemotherapy for advanced breast cancer (ABC) in BOLERO-2.
Authors: Denise Aysel Yardley, Mario Campone, Fabienne Lebrun, Shinzaburo Noguchi, Kathleen I. Pritchard, Howard A. Burris, J. Thaddeus Beck, Yoshinori Ito, Thomas Bachelot, Barbara Pistilli, Bohuslav Melichar, Katarina Petrakova, Francis P. Arena, Frans Erdkamp, Wael A. Harb, Jennifer Keating Litton, Thomas Brechenmacher, Mona El-Hashimy, Tanya Taran, Michael Gnant
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

151 Background: In patients with hormone receptor–positive (HR+) breast cancer, endocrine therapy is the standard of care both in the adjuvant setting and as front-line therapy for ABC. Chemotherapy (CT) is commonly used for HR+ ABC patients if disease burden is high and rapid symptom control is required (Barrios CH. GAMO. 2010). In the phase III BOLERO-2 study (NCT00863655), first-line of prior CT in the ABC setting was allowed. This subset analysis examined disease characteristics and the efficacy of everolimus (EVE) + exemestane (EXE) in patients who received CT for ABC prior to BOLERO-2 study entry. Methods: In BOLERO-2, 724 patients with HR+, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2–negative (HER2–) ABC whose disease recurred or progressed during/after a nonsteroidal aromatase inhibitor were randomized 2:1 to EVE (10 mg/d) + EXE (25 mg/d) or placebo (PBO) + EXE. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS) by local investigator review (confirmed by blinded independent central review). Results: A total of 186 patients (26%) received prior CT for ABC (125 in the EVE + EXE group and 61 in PBO + EXE). In this subset, 54% (67 of 125) of EVE+ EXE patients received prior CT in the advanced setting only while 46% (58 of 125) of EVE + EXE patients received prior CT in both the neoadjuvant/adjuvant and advanced settings. Visceral metastases (67% vs. 56%), multiple metastases (79% vs. 66%), and ≥ 4 metastatic sites (18% vs. 15%) were more frequent in ABC patients with prior CT for ABC at study entry compared with those with no prior CT for ABC. History of disease recurrence &lt;6 months from initial diagnosis was recorded in 32% (n = 60) of prior CT patients versus 17% (n = 93) of patients with no prior CT. Median PFS (by local assessment) in patients who received prior CT for ABC was substantially longer with EVE + EXE versus PBO + EXE (6.1 vs. 2.7 mo; hazard ratio = 0.38; 95% CI, 0.27-0.53). PFS by central review showed similar results (7.1 vs. 2.8 mo, respectively; hazard ratio = 0.42; 95% CI, 0.27-0.65). Conclusions: These results demonstrate that patients with HR+, HER2 ABC who received previous CT in the advanced setting had a higher tumor burden but derived significant and clinically meaningful benefit from combination therapy with EVE + EXE. Clinical trial information: NCT00863655.
L-Dopa
Authors: Mr Duffy, J Anderson, Minakshi Biswas, Jennifer Burton, B Jones, D.-Lbarbara Ansell, E Jones, E Jones, D Dukes, J Gunn, C Swan, Catherine Hearn, J Kiernan, K Spyer, J Whitfield, J Perez-Gonzalez, J Calvert, I Chait, D Dowson, D Higginson, S Makanza, D Zig, G Holmgren, N Adam, B Atherstone, A De Bene, M Hammer, M Latif, H Mckeag, D Moffat, Juleiga Monks, K Moosa, B Mubwandarikwa, F Patel, P Renny, Patricia Sanders
Journal: BMJ (1970)
PROFESSIONAL ADVANCES
Journal: JAMA (1962)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Effect of Substratum and Retinoids upon the Mucosecretory Differentiation of Airway Epithelial Cells In Vitro
Authors: James I. Rearick, Anton M. Jetten
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1989)

The lining of the trachea consists of a pseudostratified, mucociliary epithelium that under a variety of conditions, such as vitamin A deficiency, toxic and mechanical injury, becomes a stratified squamous epithelium. Several in vitro cell culture models have been established to study the regulation of the mucosecretory phenotype. Such studies have indicated that the mucosecretory phenotype in tracheal epithelial cells can be modulated by substratum and the presence of retinoids. Cells grown on a collagen type I gel matrix in the absence of retinoids undergo stratification and squamous cell differentiation. Cells grown on a collagen gel matrix in the presence of retinoids express a mucosecretory phenotype. As in the normal tracheal epithelium, these cultures contain columnar, polarized cells that exhibit apical tight junctions and secretory granules. Biochemical analysis of radiolabeled glycoconjugates released into the medium indicate the synthesis of mucinlike glycoproteins. Retinoids appear to determine whether tracheal epithelial cells become committed to a pathway of squamous differentiation or to a mucosecretory pathway of differentiation. The collagen gel matrix appears not to determine the commitment of the pathway of differentiation but allows the expression of the secretory phenotype in retinoic acid-treated cultures. The mechanisms by which retinoids and substratum modulate differentiation in tracheal epithelial cells is still poorly understood. It is clear that differentiation into squamous or mucous cells requires the activation and suppression of different genes. In the case of retinoids, the alterations in gene activity may be mediated by the nuclear retinoic acid receptor. In summary, in tracheal epithelial cells the substratum and extracellular matrix in conjunction with hormonal factors such as retinoids determine the ultimate function of these cells.
Additional applications for cyclosporine?
Journal: JAMA (1983)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Comparison of MRI and CT for Detection of Acute Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Authors: Michael Eliasziw, Leslie Paddock-Eliasziw
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Medical education
Authors: A. M. Wiesenthal
Journal: JAMA (1979)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In their recent review of 52 patients with tuberculous meningitis (TBM) Kennedy and Fallon (241:264, 1979) noted that delay in diagnosis was an adverse prognostic factor, and they reviewed the difficulties in making the early diagnosis of TBM. They did not mention the radioactive bromide partition test, and I would like to draw attention to this simple procedure. Following Walter's<sup>1</sup>monograph in 1929 on the "blood-brain barrier," the use of the bromide test in disease of the brain and spinal cord became widespread. Nicol and Fawns<sup>2</sup>reported that in 26 cases of lymphocytic meningitis, all of those who had TBM had a decreased blood-CSF ratio. There were no false-negatives. Crook and colleagues<sup>3</sup>reported the use of bromide 82 and found this to be a simple and reliable method using small samples. In separate studies, Mandal et al<sup>4</sup>and I (unpublished data) have subsequently
California team manipulates bacteria to mass-produce natural opiate
Authors: W. A. Check
Journal: JAMA (1980)

The A. he young but vigorous discipline of gene cloning took another leap last month with the announcement that the naturally occurring neuropeptide β-endorphin has been produced by bacterial cultures. At the meeting of the Association of American Physicians in Washington, DC, John Baxter, MD, reported that he and colleagues at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) have also confirmed the chemical identity of the β-endorphin that was produced and have demonstrated its biological activity in two standard in vitro assays. Since shortly after the discovery of β-endorphin in 1976, psychiatrists and behavioral scientists have been eager to study its effects on pain and depression in humans. On the basis of Baxter's preliminary report, it appears that bacterial synthesis can provide enough material for these studies. β-Endorphin is only the second substance produced by gene cloning methods for which biological activity has been shown. The first was interferon (<i>JAMA</i>
Clinical Characterization of Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Myelodysplasia-Related Changes as Defined by the 2008 WHO Classification System.
Authors: Olga K Weinberg, Mahesh Seetharam, Li Ren, Lisa Ma, Katie Seo, Jason D. Merker, Jason R. Gotlib, James L. Zehnder, Daniel A. Arber
Journal: Blood (2008)
Correction
Journal: Hepatology (1994)

Line 17 of the first paragraph of the Results section, page 1029, should have read, "Three pretransplant samples and one posttransplant sample were found to be seronegative for HCV RNA despite the presence of anti-HCV as determined with EIA-2 and RIBA-2 (confirmed twice)."Line 1 of the left-hand column of page 1030, also in the Results section, should have read, "The other eight patients seropositive for HCV RNA never had abnormal ALT levels during follow-up (follow-up period range = "Hepatitis C Virus in l d n e y Transplant Recipients." 1 to 3 yr)."The authors regret the errors.
Prothrombin levels maintained with meprobamate and warfarin. A controlled study
Authors: L. Gould
Journal: JAMA (1972)

Although meprobamate has been cited as one of several drugs having a potential for increasing coumarin metabolism through microsomal enzyme stimulation, the clinical effects of coadministration have not been well documented. A double-blind, randomized, seven-week study was carried out to compare the effects on prothrombin time of the administration or withdrawal of a maximal dose of meprobamate (2,400 mg/day) or placebo in 21 hospital outpatients (17 analyzed) who were stabilized with long-term anticoagulant (warfarin sodium) therapy. The addition of meprobamate showed some tendency toward reducing prothrombin time as compared with the addition of placebo. Statistically, this difference reached borderline significance (<i>P</i>=.10) at two weeks and significance (<i>P</i>=.03) at four weeks. Clinically, however, the difference was not significant, a fact supported by the failure of the meprobamate group to develop any greater change after discontinuation of medication than the placebo group.
Stereotactic Thalamotomy
Authors: C England
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Use of Blue Cotton for Detection of Mutagenicity in Human Feces Excreted after Ingestion of Cooked Meat
Authors: Hikoya Hayatsu, Toshiko Hayatsu, Yusuke Wataya
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1986)

Fried ground beef has been shown to contain mutagens, and the major mutagenic component has been identified as 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (MeIQx). Mutagens in feces of three adult volunteers were fractionated by treatment of the feces with blue cotton followed by chromatography on a carboxymethyl cellulose column. The chromatographic fraction corresponding to MeIQx in terms of the position of elution was examined for mutagenicity in S. typhimurium TA 98 with metabolic activation. When meals containing no heated meat were eaten, this fraction of feces showed little or no mutagenicity. On eating fried ground beef, the feces excreted in the next 2 days showed greatly increased mutagenicity in this fraction. By eating no-meat meals subsequent to the meat meal, the mutagenicity resumed the original low level on the fourth day after the meat meal. The components in the mutagenic fraction were analyzed by high-pressure liquid chromatography, and were shown to differ from MeIQx.
Affiliation Added and Error in the Introduction
Authors: Lindsay Sceats, Cindy Kin, Kristan Staudenmayer
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2019)

tary-it shows what happens when patients are managed nonoperatively outside of a randomized clinical trial.Salminen and Grönroos cite the exclusion of indirect societal costs as a reason why our study finds nonoperative management to be more expensive in the long term vs appendectomy.We agree with Salminen and Grönroos that taking a societal perspective is important when evaluating the value of health care.However, given the high cost of health care in the United States, the absolute value of health care costs is important in their own right.In the APPAC trial, costs for the appendectomy group were less than €6000 (US $6762) when considering total hospital charges, productivity, and home medications. 3In contrast, health care-related costs alone in the current study were greater than $14 000, or approximately €12 400.Given the association of disability with use of health care services, the addition of productivity numbers would likely further magnify the differences between the 2 groups.
SCHIRESON—THE DISGRACE OF ILLINOIS
Journal: JAMA (1928)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Psychosurgery gets yellow light from commission on human research
Journal: JAMA (1976)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Measles Herd Immunity
Authors: Thomas L. Schlenker
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To examine the association between incidence of measles and immunization coverage among preschool-age children. <h3>Design.</h3> —An ecological study in which measles incidence was compared with immunization coverage among census tracts. The independent effects of race and population density were controlled for. <h3>Setting.</h3> —A recent measles outbreak in Milwaukee, Wis. Immunization coverage data were estimated from a retrospective, school-based survey of Milwaukee grade school students. <h3>Patients.</h3> —One thousand eleven persons (≤17 years) who had confirmed measles from September 1989 through June 1990. <h3>Main Outcome Measures.</h3> —Confirmed measles cases grouped by census tract, corresponding census tract preoutbreak immunization coverage, racial breakdown, and population density. <h3>Results.</h3> —Census tracts stratified into four levels, with mean immunization rates of 50.4%, 60.2%, 69.9%, and 81.0%, had respective median attack rates of 11.6, 5.0,1.7, and 0.0 cases per 1000 persons (<i>P</i>&lt;.01). The association between immunization coverage and measles attack rate remained significant even after controlling for race and population density. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —Modest improvements in low levels of immunization coverage among 2-year-olds confer substantial protection against measles outbreaks. Coverage of 80% or less may be sufficient to prevent sustained measles outbreaks in an urban community. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1992;267:823-826)
ASTONISHING IF TRUE.
Journal: JAMA (1901)

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