tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Milroy Lectures ON HALF A CENTURY OF SMALL-POX AND VACCINATION: Delivered before the Royal College of Physicians of London
Authors: J. C. McVail
Journal: BMJ (1919)

2. Two or three years later he was shearing at W-, and tliree of his fellow shearers contracted typhoid.3. Three years later he was shearing au A--; the cook and several of the shearers contracted typhoid.4. Two years ago he was shearing at L-when a fellow shearer contracted typhoid.(The diagnosis in this case I know to have been conifirmed.) 5. His last associationl with the disease was at S-in the autumn of 1918, when he was engaged as a general farm servant.A rabbiter, B., came to the farm shortly afterwards, occupied tlhe samne room, and shared his meals witlh A. M1.E. was admitted to Dunedin Hospital suffering from typhoid fever in June, 1918 (agglutinatioin and faeces positive), anld it l w-hiile investigatinig this case that the inspector came across the carrier.At the time of my interview A. M. seemed a hale, sturdy old man, and, but for his attack of typhoid fever in 1881, he had had no serious illness, and had always been remarkably well.No history of gall stones or gastro-Jiitestinal attacks could be elicited.Laboratory Note.Blood, urine, and faeces were first submitted for examinfation on July 9th, 1918, and, subsequently at intervals, witlh the following results: *Agglhttnation Reactionls (Dreyer's technique).-Thepatient's serum agglutinated; hia own bacillus up to 1 in 300, and agglu- tinated the standar (Oxford) strain of B. typZlosus up to I in 250.The reactions were repeated on two occasions at intervals With similar results.Urihe.-No typhoid bacilli were found at aniy time by direct plating, plating after preliminary incubation, or by enrichment aethods.Faeces.-Very numerous typhoid colonies on MacCoinkey lates, and in almost pure culture, were found on July 9th, 1918.lThere were numerous typhoid colonies on July 18th; a few on August 2nd, 15th, and 29th.The colonies were numerous again on September 5th,; there were a few on September 25th, and on October 24th they were once more numerous.Enrichment methods were unnecessary in the case of the faeces, as the bacilli were easily recovered by direct plating from preliminary emulsions.The techniique followed was that outliined by lHenderson Smith (BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL, July 3rd, 1915).The isolated bacilli agglutinated to titre with the typhoid serum of the Lister Institute.A. M. was liept under observation in the isolation lhos- pital for four months, during wlhich time many of the recognized methods of treatment were tried, but without avail, as the faeces examinations indicate.He was mean- while trained in habits of cleanliness, and, as he now fully realized his potentialities for danger to hiis fellows, he was discharged and instructed to report to tlle Public Health Department from time to time.'Wbt AArq W-atturts ON
Commentaire du travail de Kuiper T et al., pp. 56
Journal: Endoscopy (2014)

Teaco Kuiper, Yasser A. Alderlieste, Kristien M. A. J. Tytgat, Marije S. Vlug, Joyce A. Nabuurs, Barbara A. J. Bastiaansen, Mark Löwenberg, Paul Fockens, Evelien Dekker. Automatic optical diagnosis of small colorectal lesions by laser-induced autofluorescence
Single subcutaneous injection of iothalamate sodium I 125 to measure glomerular filtration rate
Authors: P. Y. Adefuin
Journal: JAMA (1976)

The renal clearance of iothalamate sodium I 125, identical to that of inulin, permits measurement of glomerular filtration rate with a single injection in varying degrees of renal failure. (<i>JAMA</i>235:1467-1469, 1976)
Albustix Test for Urine Protein
Authors: M. Emrys-Roberts
Journal: BMJ (1966)

BMRNA, do we interfere with the natural forces com- bating a virus invasion in our patients ?To relieve discomfort ?But the fever relapses, the patient vomits from chemical gastritis; septic throats, ears, sinuses, and chests are common sequelae with aspirin treatment.Even the simple cold cannot be endured with- out resort to an increasingly ominous array of short-cut suppressive drugs, which cause the colds to abort, relapse, and abort again until, when the reservoirs of virus have swollen to overwhelming proportions in the host, a major febrile "influenza " develops.Anyone who is interested in the natural history of respiratory virus illness, and the host capacity to deal with it effectively, has only to follow Dr. Bowie's example by ceas- ing to use antipyretic drugs.I have used garlic oil, soda mints, sulphur and glucose, and oil of violets as placebos for five years in persons of all ages from birth up to 50.During this period most patients, especially the parents of children, have learned the simple trick of avoiding aspirin and are very happy with the result.We don't need anal- gesics very often, because tonsillitis and otitis
Commentaire de travail de M. E. Hagen et al., pp. 581
Journal: Endoscopy (2008)

See also: Cosmetic issues of abdominal surgery: results of an enquiry into possible grounds for a natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) approachEndoscopy 2008; 40(07): 581-583DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1077363
Journal Irish Medical Association, Dublin
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Travelers' Aids
Authors: Mike Mitka
Journal: JAMA (2002)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Wax in the ear.
Journal: BMJ (1972)

Wax in the EarThe skin of the inner two-thirds of the ear canal is only 0.1 mm thick and is tightly attached to the underlying bone and to the squamo-tympanic suture.It has no special function other than protection.But the skin of the outer one-third of the canal is almost an active organ.It is ten to fifteen times thicker than the skin of the bony meatus and contains ceru-
INCORPORATION OF TEMPORAL INFORMATION IN A DEEP NEURAL NETWORK IMPROVES PERFORMANCE LEVEL FOR AUTOMATED POLYP DETECTION AND DELINEATION
Authors: T Eelbode, I Demedts, P Roelandt, C Hassan, E Coron, P Bhandari, H Neumann, O Pech, A Repici, F Maes, R Bisschops
Journal: Endoscopy (2019)

As opposed to current automated polyp detection techniques, endoscopists will use information from previous video-frames to indicate the presence of a polyp. We aim to exploit this type of temporal information by introducing memory cells into an artificial intelligence (AI) system.
Putrescine as a comitogen of epidermal growth factor in rat liver growth
Authors: S Nagoshi
Journal: Hepatology (1994)

Putrescine can stimulate regeneration of the remnant liver after partial hepatectomy in rats when exogenously administered, but its mitogenic action has not been shown in cultured hepatocytes. To find its action site(s) in the regulation of hepatocyte proliferation, we examined its effect on hepatocyte DNA synthesis in relation to mitogenic action of epidermal growth factor in vitro and in vivo. When putrescine was added to the medium of adult rat hepatocytes in primary culture 36 hr after plating, DNA synthesis at 50 hr induced by addition of epidermal growth factor at 24 hr was significantly enhanced. This enhancement disappeared by removal of epidermal growth factor at the time of putrescine addition. Putrescine added to the medium was taken up in a dose-related manner by hepatocytes, irrespective of the presence of epidermal growth factor, whereas 125I-epidermal growth factor binding to hepatocytes was not affected by addition of putrescine. When rats received epidermal growth factor at 2-hr intervals until 10 hr, 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine labeled and mitotic hepatocytes were increased in number at 48 hr with increased hepatic DNA content. These increases were not affected by concomitant administration of putrescine until 10 hr, but significantly enhanced by additional administration of putrescine and epidermal growth factor from 20 to 30 hr. We conclude that putrescine may stimulate proliferation of hepatocytes that have entered the G1-phase of the cell cycle as a comitogen of epidermal growth factor, probably through action at the molecular levels to enhance its mitogenic activity. (HEPATOLOGY 1994;20:725–730).
Incidence of Primary Aldosteronism Uncomplicated "Essential" Hypertension
Authors: Lawrence M. Fishman
Journal: JAMA (1968)

In a prospective study of the incidence of primary aldosteronism among patients with "essential" hypertension, this diagnosis could be excluded in 87 of 90 patients by the demonstration of normal aldosterone secretion or lack of suppression of plasma renin activity or both. In contrast, at least four of ten patients observed during the same period because of concomitant hypertension and unprovoked hypokalemia were proven to have primary aldosteronism. Primary aldosteronism is, thus, a relatively rare cause of hypertension among patients with normal serum potassium concentrations, but should be carefully considered as a possible cause of hypertension among patients with hypokalemia. Subnormal plasma renin activity was found to be a characteristic of patients with "essential" hypertension as a group; marked suppression of plasma renin activity was found in five (21%) of 24 patients with "essential" hypertension. Thus, although subnormal plasma renin activity can be used to distinguish primary from secondary aldosteronism, taken by itself, this finding is of limited value in diagnosis since it also occurs in many patients with "essential" hypertension.
MENTAL HYGIENE
Journal: JAMA (1930)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Dilutional Hypervolemia
Authors: Samuel Berkowitz
Journal: JAMA (1961)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> In the article, "Dilutional Hypervolemia During Transurethral Resection of the Prostate," inThe Journal, Dec. 3, 1960, page 1834, the authors failed to mention rupture of the bladder as a diagnostic alternative. Yet, this accident has permitted the entry of irrigating fluid into the general circulation as readily as the exposure of prostatic veins during transurethral resection. In one case we were unable to convince the urologist that the acute "spontaneous" hypertension during spinal anesthesia was due to dilutional hypervolemia through a rent in the bladder wall. Even with the patient complaining of severe lower abdominal pain, the possibility of bladder rupture was dismissed, because the patient was not in shock. On the next day only when peritonitis was evident, the surgeon operated and repaired a large tear in a lateral wall of the bladder. Dr. Benson Bodell, an anesthesiologist of Woodmere, Long Island, has personally communicated
Cognitive Trajectories after Postoperative Delirium
Authors: Jyoti Khadka, Colm McAlinden, Konrad Pesudovs
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2012)

Delirium is common after cardiac surgery and may be associated with long-term changes in cognitive function.We examined postoperative delirium and the cognitive trajectory during the first year after cardiac surgery. METHODSWe enrolled 225 patients 60 years of age or older who were planning to undergo coronary-artery bypass grafting or valve replacement.Patients were assessed preoperatively, daily during hospitalization beginning on postoperative day 2, and at 1, 6, and 12 months after surgery.Cognitive function was assessed with the use of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE; score range, 0 to 30, with lower scores indicating poorer performance).Delirium was diagnosed with the use of the Confusion Assessment Method.We examined performance on the MMSE in the first year after surgery, controlling for demographic characteristics, coexisting conditions, hospital, and surgery type. CONCLUSIONSDelirium is associated with a significant decline in cognitive ability during the first year after cardiac surgery, with a trajectory characterized by an initial decline and prolonged impairment.(Funded by the Harvard Older Americans Independence Center and others.)
Adrenal Androgen Production Capacity Remains High up to Menopause in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Authors: Johanna Puurunen, Terhi Piltonen, Päivi Jaakkola, Aimo Ruokonen, Laure Morin-Papunen, Juha S. Tapanainen
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (2009)

Hyperandrogenism is one of the main features of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Of circulating androgens, 50% of androstenedione and testosterone are of ovarian and adrenal origin, whereas dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and DHEA sulfate are almost uniquely of adrenal origin. Our previous studies have indicated that ovarian androgen production capacity is enhanced in women with PCOS, and it remains high until late reproductive age. To study whether this also applies to adrenal androgen production, ACTH tests were performed in healthy women and in women with PCOS. Sixty-nine healthy women (aged 19–62 yr; body mass index 19.2–35.0 kg/m2) and 58 women with previously diagnosed PCOS (aged 18–59 yr; body mass index 19.0–42.9 kg/m2) participated in the study. The subjects underwent ACTH stimulation tests, and serum cortisol, 17-hydroxyprogesterone, androstenedione, testosterone, DHEA, and DHEA sulfate levels were analyzed at 0, 30, and 60 min. Basal and ACTH-stimulated levels of most adrenal androgens decreased in healthy women with age, whereas in women with PCOS, only the concentrations of basal serum 17-hydroxyprogesterone decreased, and all areas under the curve (AUCs) remained unchanged and significantly higher (except for DHEA) than those in control women. Likewise, at the menopausal transition, pre- and postmenopausal women with PCOS exhibited mainly unchanged and higher basal androgen and AUC levels. Similarly to ovarian endocrine function, serum adrenal steroid levels and adrenal steroid production capacity remain enhanced at least up to menopause in women with PCOS.
Acute Renal Failure Caused by Phenylbutazone (Butazolidin)
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
<i>Errata</i>: Vol. 65, No. 13
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2016)

In the report, "Mycobacterium abscessus Infections Among Patients of a Pediatric Dentistry Practice -Georgia, 2015," on page 355, the first sentence should have read, "All water samples from the seven dental stations had bacterial counts above the CDC recommended ≤500 colony-forming units (CFU)/mL (average = 91,333 CFU/mL); M. abscessus was isolated from all water samples (3)."
α 1 -Antitrypsin Deficiency and Susceptibility to Lung Disease
Authors: Hugh E. Evans, Nora Bognacki
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1979)

al-Antitrypsin (AAT), the major component of a,-globulin, is capable of inhibiting proteolytic enzymes in polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) and pulmonary alveolar macrophages (PAM).AAT is ubiquitously distributed in body fluids and tissues.It is a glycoprotein synthesized in the liver with a molecular weight of 50,000 daltons, a half-life of 3-6 days, and a sedimentation constant of 3.3 S. Enzymes inhibited include elastase, collagnenase, thrombin, kallikrein, and chymotrypsin.Serum AAT concentration is determined by multiple codominant alleles.The normal phenotype is M, the most severe deficiency state, Z; intermediate levels are associated with the MZ phenotype.Ethnicity is a major factor in determining phenotypic prevalence.The homozygous Z state occurs in 1/4000-1/8000 Caucasians.Numerous disease processes, mainly involving lungs and liver, have been associated with AAT deficiency.Establishing an unequivocal etiologic relationship, however, between AAT deficiency and lung disease has been difficult.Studies in this area have varied widely in the number of individuals included, whether phenotypic analysis, or only quantitative determinations, were carried out, in the range of clinical and pulmonary function studies performed and whether the population was community or hospital based.Other confounding variables include the degree of industrial exposure, cigarette smoking, a history of childhood lung disease, and levels of proteolytic enzymes in PAMs and PMNs.It has been estimated that about 80%o of those with homozygous Z phenotype will develop obstructive pulmonary disease.The prevalence of lung disease in other non-M phenotypes, especially among heterozygotes is uncertain.Those investigations which support, and others which refute, an association will be reviewed.Further investigations, especially those emphasizing levels of proteolytic enzymes, are needed to clarify the interrelationship of these variant phenotypes, environmental risks and the predisposition to chronic obstructive lung disease.
Identification and Management of Inherited Cancer Susceptibility
Authors: Frederick P. Li
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1995)

Identification of inherited cancer-predisposing genes offers opportunities for cancer prevention.Inherited susceptibility genes have been identified, primarily through studies of unusual cancer cases and families but also through general population studies.Examples include the RB1 gene for retinoblastoma; the INT1 gene for Wilms' tumor; germline p53 mutations in families with the Li-Fraumeni syndrome; the NF1 and NF2 genes for neuroblastomatosis, types 1 and 2; the VHL gene for renal cancer and other tumors associated with Von Hippel-Lindau disease; the APC gene for adenomatous polyposis coli; the BRCA1 gene for hereditary breast and ovarian cancer; and the mismatch repair genes for colon and other common cancers.For some cancers, identification of gene carriers might be beneficial for targeting screening and chemopreventive interventions.On the other hand, predisposition testing for cancer has the potential for harm from loss of insurability and employability, psychological distress, social stigmatization and other adverse effects.Research is needed to identify predisposition testing procedures that maximize benefits while minimizing harm to subjects.Chemoprevention trials in genetically susceptible populations offer the prospect of finding effective methods of reducing future cancer risk.
Intravenous aminophylline dosage. Use of serum theophylline measurement for guidance
Authors: M. W. Weinberger
Journal: JAMA (1976)

A practical method for monitoring serum theophylline concentrations has been used to investigate intravenous aminophylline dosage requirements. Initial serum theophylline concentrations were found to vary widely and correlate poorly with drug history. Aminophylline loading doses determined from these values more frequently resulted in drug concentrations in the therapeutic range (10μg to 20μg/ml) than when therapy was given without knowledge of serum theophylline concentrations. Continuous intravenous aminophylline therapy administered in a standardized dosage (0.9 mg/kg/hr in adults and 1.0 mg/kg/hr in children) produced variable and often excessive serum concentrations. This resulted from variable drug clearance rates, which in adults averaged 0.64±0.38 ml/kg/min (mean±SD), only half that previously reported. These observations suggest that it is not possible to achieve optimal therapeutic aminophylline dosage without monitoring serum theophylline concentrations. (<i>JAMA</i>235:2110-2113, 1976)