tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 4903: Minimal mutational determinants of human squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Vicente Planells-Palop, Angie Koo, Heydi Malave, Katharine Lee, Aaron Tward
Journal: Cancer Research (2020)

Abstract Dozens of driver mutations and copy number changes have been implicated in human squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs), and each tumor harbors multiple putative driver mutations. However, the minimal set of mutations sufficient to transform a normal keratinocyte into squamous cell carcinoma is unknown. By analyzing TCGA data and previously published datasets, we have identified common combinations of driver mutations in SCCs. Among the most common driver events are mutations in TP53, CDKN2A, and NOTCH1. Using CRISPR editing at endogenous loci in primary human keratinocytes, we demonstrate that no single driver mutation is sufficient to transform keratinocytes, and in fact many single gene mutations appear toxic to keratinocytes. The combination of loss of function mutations in TP53 and CDKN2A are sufficient to immortalize both skin and oral primary human keratinocytes in 2D culture, and confer a selective advantage in competition assays. Simultaneous mutation of TP53, CDKN2A, and NOTCH1 demonstrates a very similar phenotype in 2D culture as mutation of TP53 and CDKN2A alone. However, using 3D organotypic squamous epithelial cultures consisting of genome-edited keratinocytes grown on decellularized dermis impregnated with fibroblasts and grown at an air-liquid interface demonstrates that keratinocytes with TP53 and CDKN2A mutation alone are sufficient to induce dysplasia, whereas keratinocytes harboring TP53, CDKN2A, and NOTCH1 mutation exhibit an SCC like phenotype including invasion through the basement membrane. RNAseq analysis demonstrates that the transition to SCC by NOTCH1 loss involves a partial-EMT like program. Targeted hybrid capture sequencing of edited keratinocytes revealed no other driver mutations or copy number changes other than the experimentally induced ones, consistent with the notion that TP53, CDKN2A, and NOTCH1 mutations alone are sufficient to reprogram normal keratinocyte into their malignant counterparts. Thus, despite a high mutation burden and frequent chromosomal instability, as few as three mutational events appear to be sufficient to induce SCC. Citation Format: Vicente Planells-Palop, Angie Koo, Heydi Malave, Katharine Lee, Aaron Tward. Minimal mutational determinants of human squamous cell carcinoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research 2020; 2020 Apr 27-28 and Jun 22-24. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(16 Suppl):Abstract nr 4903.
Fibromyalgia
Authors: Robert M. Bennett
Journal: JAMA (1987)

Muscular rheumatism is a common experience, often seemingly related to unaccustomed exertion or injury. In most instances, the problem resolves in response to tincture of time and the judicious use of heat and analgesics. Despite the frequency of rheumatic pain, its precise pathophysiological basis is unknown. Since it is generally accepted that nonarticular musculoskeletal pain arises from tendons, bursae, and muscles, it would logically follow that a specific diagnosis would aid in subsequent treatment. Yet, it is not uncommon to see patients who have been symptomatic for years without their condition being correctly diagnosed. It is evident the basic ground rules for diagnosing this group of disorders are often poorly understood, and presumably poorly taught and underemphasized in medical education. In this issue ofThe Journal, Dr Goldenberg<sup>1</sup>provides a timely review of the fibromyalgia syndrome. The term<i>fibromyalgia</i>has evolved from another with the same meaning, namely,<i>fibrositis</i>
Trends in Cigarette Smoking Among High School Students—United States, 1991-2001
Journal: JAMA (2002)

Cigarette smoking among adolescents is one of the 10 Leading Health Indicators that reflect the major health concerns in the United States. To examine changes in cigarette smoking among U.S. high school students during 1991-2001, CDC analyzed data from the national Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS). This report summarizes the results of the analysis, which found that although cigarette smoking rates increased during most of the 1990s, they have declined significantly since 1997. If this pattern continues, the United States could achieve the national health objective for 2010 of reducing current smoking rates among high school students to < or = 16% (objective no. 27-2b).
Grundriss der klinischen Therapie innerer Krankheiten.
Journal: JAMA (1928)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Erratum
Journal: BMJ (1904)

POST-SCARLATINAL RHEUMATISM.SV-FFERER asks: Could any member suggest treatment for a case of postscarlatinal muscular rheumatism?The patient lhad an acute attack in November, and during convalescence the muscular pains nave been gradually getting worse.The urine is free from albumen, but contains uric acid and phosphates.The patient is otherwise feeling and looking well.He would also be glad to learn of any recent works referring to the condition.PRACTICE IN CANADA AND NEw ZEALAND.COLONIAL would like to receive advice as to the prospects for a general practitioner in Canada and New Zealand re3pectively.and as to the disabilities, if any, attaching to a graduate of a Britislh uiniversity.*** In New Zealand legal permission to practise may be obtained upon proof of identity withi a person admitted to the Medical Register in England.In Canada the laws are various and at the present imioment in a state of transition.At present the regulations in Iiiost of tile provinces are similar to those in New Zealand.In others the local authorities have a certain liberty of action in refusing or according permission to an applicant on tile strengtll of registration in England, Scotland, or Ireland.Of the two countries, Canada probably offers the best chance for new-comers, as immigration is going on rapidly and new towns are springing up.Tile fact of being a graduate of a British university would be no disadvantage provided no airs wvere assumed upon the strength of it.
A Symposium on Essential Hypertension: An Epidemiologic Approach to the Elucidation of its Natural History in Man
Journal: JAMA (1952)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
LIPEMIA IN DIABETES
Journal: JAMA (1923)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Barefoot Doctors
Authors: Tsung O. Cheng
Journal: JAMA (1988)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —The cover of the Feb 19 issue of<i>JAMA</i>featured a colorful painting of the health care system in rural China in the 1960s and an accompanying essay by Yolanda Saul.<sup>1</sup>Perhaps a note of explanation may be in order for some<i>JAMA</i>readers who may wonder why the barefoot doctors depicted in the painting are not barefoot. The barefoot doctor in China was actually neither a doctor of medicine nor barefoot. He, or usually she, was an agricultural worker trained as a paramedic. When these barefoot doctors first appeared in Chuan Sha, the rice-growing region of east China near Shanghai, where with their medical kits they often went barefoot in the fields (Figure), as was the custom, their peasant patients affectionately called them "barefoot doctors."<sup>2,3</sup> Beginning in January 1985 the Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China abolished the term "barefoot doctors"
Acute renal failure after infusion of gelatin.
Journal: BMJ (1989)

perhaps fewer are ventilated in other hospitals.As computed tomographic scanners become available in more general hospitals, fewer hopeless cases of head injury (and cases of intracranial haemorrhage) are likely to be referred to neurosurgeons.That could mean more potential donors in other hos- pitals.International comparisons of brain stem death and organ donation should allow for the fact that the incidence of fatal head injuries is two to three times greater in the United States, Canada, Australia, France, and Germany than in Britain and that the number of intensive care beds per head is 10 times greater in the United States.We hope that the further planned audits of deaths in intensive care units in England may throw more light on the factors that influence the yield of organ donors.
Progress Toward Poliomyelitis Eradication—Ethiopia, 1997–August 2000
Journal: JAMA (2000)

In 1988, the World Health Assembly resolved to eradicate poliomyelitis globally by 2000 (1). Following the signing of the Yaounde Declaration on Polio Eradication in Africa in 1996, Ethiopia joined global efforts toward polio eradication (2). Since then, Ethiopia has accelerated implementation of polio eradication strategies. This report summarizes progress toward polio eradication in Ethiopia during 1997-August 2000 and highlights the remaining challenges toward achieving the goal.
Adverse effect of lomotil therapy in shigellosis
Authors: H. L. DuPont
Journal: JAMA (1973)

Twenty-five men with induced shigellosis received a mixture of diphenyoxylate hydrochloride with atropine (Lomotil), placebo and oxolinic acid (Oxabid), or a second placebo in four randomly assigned treatment groups. Diarrhea was decreased by oxolinic acid or Lomotil therapy, while fever was prolonged in the group receiving only Lomotil. Two men who received Lomotil alone had fever until the drug regimen was discontinued five days later. Shigellae were eradicated from stool in four of six men treated with oxolinic acid alone, but in only one of six men receiving oxolinic acid and Lomotil. Lomotil may be contraindicated in shigellosis. Diarrhea may represent a defense mechanism when disease is caused by a bacterial pathogen that must penetrate the intestinal epithelium to produce illness where increased intestinal motility (diarrhea) may decrease contact time between the invasive bacteria and mucosal cells.
A metastatic biology gene expression assay to predict the risk of distant metastases in patients with localized prostate cancer treated with primary radical treatment.
Authors: Suneil Jain, Ciara Lyons, Steven M. Walker, Stephen McQuaid, Sean Hynes, Darren M. Mitchell, Brendan Pang, Gemma E Logan, Andrena McCavigan, Declan O'Rourke, Catherine Joan Davidson, Laura A Knight, Viktor Berge, David Neal, Hardev S. Pandha, Paul D Harkin, Jacqueline James, Richard D. Kennedy, Joe M. O'Sullivan, David J. Waugh
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)
Looking at Cancer
Authors: A. Raventos
Journal: CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians (1971)

The current high interest in immunotherapy for tumors is reflected in three papers.J. G. Sinkovics and others (The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Hospital, Houston, Texas) report that chondrosarcoma cells obtained from the tumor of one patient, established in culture, were destroyed by autologous small lymphocytes.Small lymphocytes from another patient with chondrosarcoma also inhibited the growth of the cultured tumor cells.They suggest that patients with chondrosarcoma circulate presensitized small â€oe¿ executorlymphocytes com mitted to a tumor antigen.However, B. Fisher and others (University of Pitts burgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania) found studies of animal experimental tumors disappointing in that they failed to convincingly demon strate that the employment of sensitized lymphocytes significantly influenced tumor growth.They feel that more experimental evaluation of the use of immune lymphocytes is in order prior to extensive application in clinical therapy.P. J.
Radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and surgery in the curative treatment of inoperable cervical cancer. Report of one case with five-year survival
Authors: W. N. Kemp
Journal: JAMA (1966)

RECENTLY, the almost total futility of x-radiation as the sole therapeutic modality in the curative treatment of advanced inoperable cancer of the cervix uteri has been pointed out by Gollin and associates.<sup>1</sup>These clinicians have stated that although acceptable cure rates have been achieved in early lesions of the cervix by radiotherapy, in the advanced lesions "... only temporary improvement is all too often the end result." Chamberlain, a radiologist, speaking of cancer in general, has stated, "... surgical and radiation therapies were highly successful in early cases, but generally unsuccessful in advanced cases."<sup>2</sup> <h3>Combined X-Radiation and Cancer Chemotherapy</h3> In the experimental field, Foye and associates<sup>3</sup>have demonstrated that either fluorouracil or cyclosphamide, in combination with external radiation, produced a longer survival time and slower tumor growth rate in mice with transplanted malignant tumors than could be achieved with either of these chemotherapeutic drugs administered without x-radiation. Allaire and
Endocrinology
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Rambling Notes of a Roving Doctor.
Journal: JAMA (1900)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Early markers of HIV-1 infection in plasma donors
Authors: R. Y. Dodd
Journal: JAMA (1989)

In the 5 years since the identification of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) as the causative agent of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), we can be grateful for the tremendous progress in our knowledge of the basic biology of this agent. We also have a good, but by no means complete, picture of the serological response in people infected with HIV-1. A wide range of laboratory tests are available, some better suited to the research laboratory while others are commercially produced and performed tens of millions of times each year. Taken together, these tests have produced benefits ranging from greatly increased safety of the blood supply to in vitro and clinical assessment of promising therapeutic agents for AIDS. In this issue ofThe Journal, Stramer et al<sup>1</sup>report their investigation of markers for HIV-1 infection in closely spaced serial samples from paid plasma donors; their report adds valuable information to
Editorial: Australia antigen in papular acrodermatitis of childhood.
Journal: BMJ (1974)

As there is no specific treatment for juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, there is no need for heroic treatment if the diagnosis remains uncertain.The latex and Rose-Waaler tests are usually negative.Indeed if strongly positive they may suggest some other disorder, such as bacterial endocarditis or leishmaniasis.The true diagnosis may not become evident until several weeks or even months have elapsed since the onset of symptoms.It is as well, therefore, to investigate thoroughly to exclude all other causes and to treat symptomatically and patiently until the diagnosis is self-evident without rushing into any long-term therapeutic programme.Synovial biopsy may be helpful.4Aspiration of the affected joint is often informative, particularly if it tends to exclude other causes such as haemorrhage or infection.With parental pressure on the medical attendant to diagnose and cure the sick child as rapidly as possible the physician's lot is seldom an easy one in these cases.
Clarification of Conflict of Interest Disclosures in: A Proposed Model for Initial Assessment and Management of Acute Heart Failure Syndromes
Authors: Hubert Vesper, Heather Kuiper, Lisa Mirel, Clifford Johnson, James Pirkle, Christina Waters, Judith Heitz, Tunde Meyers, Antoinette Smith, Ashley Ribera, Marcela Muresan, Ashley Tippins, Cindy Tse, Monir Clark
Journal: JAMA (2012)

56%: 24.3 µmol/L [95% CI, 19.6-29.0µmol/L]).Similar changes were seen in elaidic acid, palmitelaidic acid, and linoelaidic acid.The weighted geometric mean of the difference for the sum of all 4 TFAs was 54.1 µmol/L (95% CI, 43.4-64.7 µmol/L) or 58% lower in samples from 2009 compared with samples from 2000 (TABLE 2).Levels of LDL-C were lower in the samples from 2009 (119.2 mg/dL [3.09 mmol/L]) compared with the samples from 2000 (128.2 mg/dL [3.32 mmol/L]; Table 1).Comment.This study is, to our knowledge, the first time information on TFAs in white adults in the US population has been examined.Plasma levels of TFAs were substantially lower in 2009 than in 2000.This may lead to a decrease in risk for cardiovascular disease in this subpopulation.Because this study was limited to only 2 years and only a few parameters, it does not allow for detailed assessments of the association with LDL-C level or other factors.These findings provide preliminary data on white adults only and cannot be generalized to other racial/ethnic and age groups.Further studies to address these limitations are ongoing.
<i>Erratum</i>: Vol. 66, No. 16
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2017)

on page 422, the last sentence of the second column should have read "Trends in postpartum contraceptive use were analyzed in 2-year increments using statistical software to account for the complex sampling design of PRAMS."In addition, the fourth footnote on page 422 should have read " ¶ The thirty states (Alaska, Arkansas, Colorado, Delaware, Georgia, Hawaii,