tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Typhoid Fever Considered as a Problem of Scientific Medicine.
Journal: JAMA (1918)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 500: High Basal Ca <sup>2+</sup> / Calmodulin Kinase II Activity Modulates Spontaneous Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Ca <sup>2+</sup> Cycling That Drives Normal Automaticity in Sinoatrial Nodal Cells
Authors: Yue Li, Syevda G. Sirenko, Tatiana M. Vinogradova, Alexey E. Lyashkov, Weizhong Zhu, Magdalena Juhaszova, Bruce Ziman, Su Wang, Edward G. Lakatta
Journal: Circulation (2007)

The crucial dependence of normal automaticity of sinoatrial nodal cells (SANC) on CaMKII signaling has previously been linked to an effect to facilitate recovery from inactivation of L-type Ca 2+ channels. More recently, however, it has been discovered that spontaneous, rhythmic, local Ca 2+ releases (LCR’s) from sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) activate Na + /Ca 2+ exchanger current, imparting an exponential increase to the later part of the spontaneous depolarization that brings the surface membrane to threshold to fire an action potential (AP). Here, in single isolated intact SANC, using the phosphorylation site-specific polyclonal antibody, we show (Fig. A ) that, basal state phospholamban (PLB) phosphorylation at Thr-17, a CaMKII phosphorylation site, is over 3 times greater in SANC than in ventricular cells (VC). The CaMKII inhibitor, KN-93, but not its inactive analog, KN-92, markedly inhibits (by 80%) PLB Thr-17 phosphorylation (Fig. B ). Confocal imaging of saponin permeablized SANC, superfused in physiological solution with 150nM free Ca 2+ and 0.5mM EGTA, showed that KN-93 reduced the LCR frequency by 80% (from 5.6 ± 1.5 to 1.1 ± 0.3/1s × 100 μm) and size by 50% (from 4.0 ± 0.3 to 2.0 ± 0.3 μm). Thus, in addition to an effect on L-type Ca 2+ channels, the high basal CaMKII activation (indexed by PLB phosphorylation at Thr-17) has a major effect to determine the characteristics of spontaneous LCR’s that initiate AP’s and control normal automaticity of SANC.
Attrition rates, reasons, and predictive factors in supportive/palliative oncology clinical trials at a comprehensive cancer center.
Authors: Isabella Claudia Glitza, David Hui, Eduardo Bruera, Gary B. Chisholm
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

108 Background: Attrition is common among supportive/palliative oncology clinical trials. Few studies have documented the reasons, and predictors for dropout. We aimed to determine the rate, reasons, and factors associated with attrition both before reaching the primary endpoint (PE) and the end of study (EOS). Methods: We conducted a review of all prospective interventional supportive/palliative oncology trials in our department between 1999 to 2011. Patient and study characteristics and attrition data were extracted. Results: 1,214 patients were included in 18 clinical trials. The median age was 60, performance status ≥3 41%, median fatigue 7/10, and median dyspnea 2/10. The attrition rate was 26% (95% confidence interval [CI] 23%-28%) for PE and 44% (95% confidence interval 41%-47%) for EOS. Common reasons for EOS dropout were patient preference (N=93, 17%), symptom burden (N=87, 16%), death (N=45, 8%), and hospital admission (N=43, 8%). At the patient level, EOS attrition was associated with Hispanic race (OR=1.88, 95% CI 1.27-2.78), higher baseline intensity of fatigue (odds ratio [OR]=1.09 per point, 95% CI 1.02-1.16), and dyspnea (OR=1.06, 95% CI 1.02-1.11) in multivariate analysis. At the study level, longer study duration (Spearman correlation 0.59, P=0.01) and outpatient studies (47% vs. 6%, P=0.05) were also associated with higher EOS dropouts. Higher dyspnea, fatigue, and longer study duration were associated with PE attrition. Conclusions: The attrition rate was high amongsupportive/palliative oncology clinical trials, and was associated with various patient characteristics and high baseline symptom burden. These findings have implications for future study designs including eligibility criteria and sample-size calculation.
Numeric Errors in Table 2
Authors: Rita Rosner, Ulrich Dphil, Rer Frick, Regina Biol-Hum, Rer Steil
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2019)

Klaus Wölfling, PhD; Kai W. Müller, PhD; Michael Dreier, Dipl-Soz; Christian Ruckes, Dipl-Math; Oliver Deuster, PhD; Anil Batra, MD; Karl Mann, MD; Michael Musalek, MD; Andreas Schuster, PhD; Tagrid Lemenager, PhD; Sara Hanke, Dipl-Psych; Manfred E. Beutel, MD
Acute pancreatitis secondary to hypercalcemia. Occurrence in a patient with breast carcinoma
Authors: U. Gafter
Journal: JAMA (1976)

HYPERCALCEMIA due to primary hyperparathyroidism is often associated with acute pancreatitis. On the other hand, hypercalcemia accompanying other conditions is rarely the cause of pancreatitis.<sup>1-5</sup>We report a case of carcinoma of the breast with bone metastases and hypercalcemia associated with acute pancreatitis. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 76-year-old woman was admitted to the Department of Medicine because of diffuse abdominal pains, constipation, nausea, and vomiting of one week's duration. Two months prior to admission, she felt a mass in her right breast. Examination by mammography gave indications suspicious of neoplasm and she was referred for further investigation. The patient had had a hysterectomy 28 years before because of uterine myomatosis, and a cholecystectomy one year later because of cholelithiasis. For the eight years preceding admission to our department she had been treated with methyldopa, 500 mg/day, because of hypertension. On examination, the patient was found to be in
BOOK REVIEWS
Authors: R. B. GILLER
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1992)

BOOK REVIEWS Milestones in Leukemia Research and Therapy Emil J. Freireich , Noreen A. Lemak . Baltimore : Johns Hopkins Univ. Press , 1991 . 260 pp., illus. $60 ROBERT B. GILLER ROBERT B. GILLER Section of Hematology/Oncology, The University of Chicago5841 S Maryland Ave., Box 420 Chicago, IL 60637 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 84, Issue 9, 6 May 1992, Page 719, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/84.9.719 Published: 06 May 1992
GENE-49. RNA PROCESSING GENES CHARACTERIZE RNA SPLICING AND FURTHER STRATIFY LOWER-GRADE GLIOMA
Authors: Rui-Chao Chai, tao jiang, Yong-Zhi Wang
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2019)

Abstract Aberrant expression of RNA processing genes may drive the alterative RNA profile in lower-grade gliomas (LGGs). Thus, we aimed to further stratify LGGs based on the expression of RNA processing genes. This study included 446 LGGs from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA, training set) and 171 LGGs from the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA, validation set). The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression algorithm was conducted to develop a risk-signature. The ROC curves and Kaplan–Meier curves were used to study the prognosis value of the risk-signature. Among the tested 784 RNA processing genes, 276 were significantly correlated with the OS of LGGs. Further LASSO Cox regression identified a 19-gene risk-signature, whose risk score was also an independently prognosis factor (P&lt; 0.0001, multiplex Cox regression) in the validation dataset. The signature had better prognostic value than the traditional factors “age”, “grade” and “WHO 2016 classification” for 3‐ and 5‐year survival both two datasets (AUCs &gt; 85%). Importantly, the risk-signature could further stratify the survival of LGGs in specific subgroups of WHO 2016 classification. Furthermore, alternative splicing events for genes such as EGFR and FGFR were found to be associated with the risk score. RNA expression levels for genes, which participated in cell proliferation and other processes, were significantly correlated to the risk score. Our results highlight the role of RNA processing genes for further stratifying the survival of patients with LGGs and provide insight into the alternative splicing events underlying this role.
Redeclared war on illegal drugs: most agree with intent, but how?
Authors: C. Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1989)

THE REDECLARED WAR against illegal drugs now is 1 month old (<i>JAMA</i>. 1989;262:1574) and much of the fighting at this point is infighting by those—in and out of government—on the same side. William Bennett, PhD, the Bush Administration's point man, has laid out a strategy that calls for spending approximately $7.9 billion on anti-drug-abuse programs, including treatment, education, law enforcement, and interdiction. This would be a 118% increase in current levels of federal spending. For example, there would be a 53% increase—from $604 million to $925 million—for treatment programs. There would be a 25% increase—from $943 million to $1.2 billion—for education and prevention. And there would be increases for prison construction (the goal is 95 000 more federal prison beds, including some so-called boot camp facilities) — from $734 million to $1.6 billion — and for state and local law enforcement agencies (although matching funds would be required)—from $150 million
Drug Ototoxicity
Authors: L. Rybak
Journal: The Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology (1986)

Heme oxygenases (HO) catabolize free heme, that is, iron (Fe) protoporphyrin (IX), into equimolar amounts of Fe2+, carbon monoxide (CO), and biliverdin. The stress-responsive HO-1 isoenzyme affords protection against programmed cell death. The mechanism ...Read More
Characterization of Estrogenicity of Phytoestrogens in an Endometrial-Derived Experimental Model
Authors: Anne-Christine Hopert, Antje Beyer, Kirsten Frank, Elisabeth Strunck, Winfried Wunsche, Gunter Vollmer
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1998)

Severe developmental and reproductive disorders in wild animals have been linked to high exposure to persistent environmental chemicals with hormonal activity. These adverse effects of environmental estrogens have raised considerable concern and have received increasing attention. Although numerous chemicals with the capacity to interfere with the estrogen receptor (ER) have been identified, information on their molecular mechanism of action and their relative potency is rather limited. For the endometrium, the lack of information is due to the lack of a suitable experimental model. We investigated the functions of phytoestrogens in an endometrial-derived model, RUCA-I rat endometrial adenocarcinoma cells. The cells were cultured on a reconstituted basement membrane to preserve their functional differentiation and estrogen responsiveness. We assessed the relative binding affinity to the estrogen receptor of the selected phytoestrogens coumestrol, genistein, daidzein, and the putative phytoestrogen mangostin compared to estradiol by a competitive Scatchard analysis. The following affinity ranking was measured: 17beta-estradiol >>> coumestrol > genistein > daidzein >>> mangostin. In addition, we investigated the capacity of these compounds to promote the increased production of complement C3, a well-known estradiol-regulated protein of the rat endometrium. All substances tested increased the production of complement C3, although different concentrations were necessary to achieve equivalent levels of induction compared to estradiol. Mechanistically we were able to demonstrate that the increase of complement C3 production was mediated by primarily increasing its steady-state mRNA level. These findings indicate that RUCA-I cells represent a sensitive model system to elucidate relative potencies and functions of environmental estrogens in an endometrium-derived model.
SITOMANIA: ITS CAUSES AND TREATMENT
Authors: William S. Chipley
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1859)

The first number of the present volume, in the article on Sitomania, has several inaccuracies, which should be corrected as follows:— On page 11, fifth line from top, and on pages 23 and 24, for "Mottley" read "Matthey." On page 25, in second line of second paragraph, read "common" before "point d'appui." On page 28, for "Sursheim" read "Spurzheim." On page 34, in last paragraph, for "Bruxelles' instrument," read "Another instrument, somewhat resembling that of Bougard." On page 35, third line from top, for "Bruxelles" read "Bougard."
LIQUOZONE.
Journal: JAMA (1905)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Managing acute limb ischemia.
Journal: BMJ (1989)

doIestic life it iS nlOt much more of an effort to wvork full time.A career in medicine is full of choices, but be flexible and prepared to change.I began as a paediatrician but changed to haematology when the only job available had no scheduled time off.'T'he restriction of other interests bv a career is not unique to medicine.The challenge of being a woman with a demanding career and a family is no easier in other professions.You have to be committed and organised; stress is present, but the return in terms of job satisfactioni is enormous.MORAG CHISHOIM D)cpari trut (1 o f flacintology, 5iihIniupton (Tencral IHospital SouthamipP(on,S9 )5 4XY \tMCr-M1.D)OI' p!\t r VUdaughter illto imiedicine.
Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology Assessment (DATTA)
Journal: JAMA (1983)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
“Liver function tests” are not always tests of liver function
Authors: David N. Korones, Marilyn R. Brown, James Palis
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2001)

A child with Wilm's tumor and a child with immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) were each noted to have persistent elevations of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH).Both children underwent thorough evaluation for liver disease and, as a result, experienced delays in treatment of the Wilm's tumor and ITP.Eventually both children were found to have extremely elevated serum creatine kinase (CK).Muscle biopsy confirmed diagnoses of Duchenne's muscular dystrophy in one child, and Becker's muscular dystrophy in the second.Hematologists/oncologists should consider obtaining a serum CK to rule out muscle disease in patients with unexplained elevations of AST, ALT, and LDH.Am.
YEAST NUTRIENTS IN BREAD MAKING
Journal: JAMA (1918)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Corrigenda
Journal: BMJ (1930)

TDABJTRI "J.R. R." writes: Iu the past twenty years I have treated manv patients with this conditiou by means of x rays of medium penetration, admitnisterinig about four-fifths of the full (dose through a 0.2 mm.alunijiniium filter, at lintervals of three weeks for several doses.The treattmenit cures many patients, and prodtuces great inmprovement in most.I lhave niever seen any ill effects from it.INCOME TAX.Private Use of Car.W. S. G." uses his car occasionally for private puirposes, and conisequienitly has been allowed only six-sevenths of tbe rtininiiig costs.He lhas now replaced Ihis car, and the inspector of taxes now objects to allowing hiim milore than three-fourthis of thle cost of replacement.Is this correct?
Abstract 1413: Targeting the RNA-binding protein HuR to overcome chemoresistance in triple-negative breast cancer
Authors: Lanjing Wei, Qi Zhang, Cuncong Zhong, Jeffrey Aubé, Danny R. Welch, Xiaoqing Wu, Liang Xu
Journal: Cancer Research (2021)

Abstract Patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) have a lower 5-year relative survival rate (77%) than overall for breast cancer (91%). Chemotherapy remains the primary choice for the systemic treatment of TNBC. However, patients frequently develop resistance to conventional chemotherapy, resulting in poorer prognosis and higher recurrence than other subtypes of breast cancer. Therefore, overcoming chemotherapy resistance is critical for the successful treatment of TNBC. The RNA-binding protein Hu antigen R (HuR) plays an important role in chemotherapy resistance. HuR is a posttranscriptional regulator, which can stabilize target mRNAs by binding to U- or AU-rich elements (ARE) mainly in 3' untranslated region (UTR) of mRNA and upregulate their translation. The encoded proteins are implicated in multiple cancer hallmarks, including chemoresistance. The overexpression of HuR, especially accumulated cytoplasmic expression, is related to chemoresistance in many types of cancer. We hypothesize that inhibition of HuR function by disrupting its interaction with mRNA can accelerate the decay of mRNA and thus reduce the translation of proteins responsible for chemoresistance.Recently, our lab reported a small molecule HuR inhibitor, KH-3, which potently inhibits HuR function by disrupting the HuR-mRNA interactions. KH-3 effectively suppresses growth and invasion of TNBC cells in vitro and in vivo. In this study, we assessed whether HuR is a target for overcoming chemoresistance and evaluated whether KH-3, as a small molecule HuR functional inhibitor, could enhance the efficacy of chemotherapy for TNBC cells. To determine whether HuR inhibition overcomes acquired chemoresistance of TNBC, we generated cell sublines derived from human MDA-MB-231 with acquired resistance against docetaxel or doxorubicin. KH-3 could synergize TNBC cells to chemotherapy in vitro and in vivo. Interestingly, KH-3 treatment could re-sensitize chemoresistant TNBC cells to drugs, indicating that HuR inhibition can overcome acquired chemoresistance. Regarding mechanisms of action, several pathways and HuR direct target mRNA are implicated in docetaxel and doxorubicin resistance, but detailed molecular mechanisms are still under investigation. This study provides a new strategy to overcome chemotherapy resistance and improve the survival of TNBC. Citation Format: Lanjing Wei, Qi Zhang, Cuncong Zhong, Jeffrey Aubé, Danny R. Welch, Xiaoqing Wu, Liang Xu. Targeting the RNA-binding protein HuR to overcome chemoresistance in triple-negative breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2021; 2021 Apr 10-15 and May 17-21. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2021;81(13_Suppl):Abstract nr 1413.
THE ETIOLOGY AND PATHOLOGY OF GOUT.
Authors: THOMAS B. FUTCHER
Journal: JAMA (1904)

<h3>(B) URIC-ACID METABOLISM IN GOUT AND THE THEORIES OF GOUT PRODUCTION.</h3> There is undoubtedly marked disturbance of nitrogenous metabolism in gout. Since the adoption of the classification of purins into the "endogenous" and "exogenous" varieties, too little time has elapsed and too few researches have been published to draw absolute conclusions as to how the metabolism of each is affected in this disease. The studies of Reach, Kaufmann, Vogt and Chalmers Watson show that in gout the exogenous nuclein is more slowly excreted than in health, and that in some cases there is a distinct retention. Vogt compared the results of rich purin-holding food on a gouty patient and a healthy individual at the same time. The gouty patient showed retention and delayed excretion of the purin bodies. It can be safely admitted, therefore, that exogenous purins lead to the excess of nuclein derivatives in the blood stream. It