tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A randomized, phase III study (AGO-OVAR-9, GINECO-TCG, NSGO-OC-0102): Gemcitabine-paclitaxel-carboplatin (TCG) versus paclitaxel-carboplatin (TC) as first-line treatment of ovarian cancer (OC): Survival of FIGO stage I-IIA patients
Authors: J. Herrstedt, J. Huober, F. Priou, H. Müller, M. Baekelandt, C. Kurzeder, J. Pfisterer, A. Stähle, I. Ray-Coquard, A. du Bois
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

LBA5510 Background: One option to increase the efficacy of TC in pts with first diagnosis of ovarian cancer is to add a not cross-resistant drug. Methods: We conducted a randomized, prospective, stratified, phase III study comparing therapy with TC to TC plus gemcitabine. From 7/02 to 4/04, pts with a histological verified first diagnosis of epithelial OC, FIGO IC-IV were randomized to either TC (paclitaxel [T] 175 mg/m 2 3h iv d1 + carboplatin [C] AUC 5 iv d1) or TCG (TC + gemcitabine [G] 800 mg/m 2 iv d1+8) for at least 6 cycles every 21 days starting within 6 weeks post-operatively. The randomization was balanced within three strata: 1) FIGO I-IIA, 2) FIGO IIB-IIIC with residual tumor ≤ 10mm, 3) FIGO IIB-IIIC with residual tumor &gt; 10 mm or FIGO IV. Primary endpoint is overall survival. Results: We enrolled 1,742 pts and administered 5,268 cycles TC and 5,129 cycles TCG. All baseline characteristics of the patients in both arms were well balanced. Most pts received 6+ cycles (87.2% TC, 86.2% TCG). Previous interim analyses has shown that TCG was tolerable but induced more hematological toxicity and final analysis has shown that addition of gemcitabine did not improve overall survival in patients with FIGO stage IIB-IV disease. Approximately 11% of the patients (n = 175) had FIGO stage I-IIA disease (stratum I). Most patients received 6+ cycles (93.3% TC, 86.9% TCG). With a median follow-up of 53.8 (range 0 –75) months, and using the log rank test and Cox regression analysis, no relevant differences in progression free survival (first quartile about 57 months and median ≥ 75 months in both groups, HR = 0.90 [95% CI: 0.47–1.72], p = 0.7500) and a negative trend in overall survival (first quartile ≥ 75 months in both groups, HR = 2.19 [95% CI: 0.75–6.41], p = 0.1419) were seen. Conclusions: Addition of G to TC did not improve efficacy in patients with stage I-IIA ovarian cancer. This was also the case for stratum II-III patients (previously reported). The addition of G to TC in patients with first diagnosis of ovarian cancer cannot be recommended. [Table: see text]
CHRISTIAN SCIENTISTS MUST GET CERTIFICATES.
Journal: JAMA (1894)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Peliosis hepatis in hematologic disease. Report of two cases
Authors: S. Chopra
Journal: JAMA (1978)

Two patients with hematologic disease, one of whom had received androgenic steroids, had liver damage associated with peliosis hepatis. In one patient with spherocytic hemolytic anemia, peliosis hepatis was an incidental postmortem finding. In the other patient, who was treated with androgenic-anabolic steroids for aplastic anemia, hepatic failure associated with peliosis hepatis developed. Splenic involvement by peliosis was present in both patients. Peliosis hepatis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of hepatic disease in patients with hematologic disorders, especially if treatment has included androgenic-anabolic steroids. (<i>JAMA</i>240:1153-1155, 1978)
Diet and Plasma Cholesterol in 99 Bank Men
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Efficacy of Mammography and Screening for Breast Cancer
Authors: Gregory W. Cotter
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —The recent article by Dr Kattlove and colleagues<sup>1</sup>regarding development of a basic benefit package for the treatment of early breast cancer failed to address fully the issues surrounding local treatment. It is important to understand that the ultimate local treatment outcome from conservative surgery and radiation therapy is far superior, particularly on a cosmetic and functional basis, than that from complete mastectomy alone. To quantitate the cost of one treatment vs another, one must include the costs, both monetary and physical, of reconstruction after complete mastectomy. If one does compare similar local care outcomes, those being either a preserved breast or a fully reconstructed breast, conservative surgery and radiation therapy become attractive, particularly from the cost standpoint. It has been shown that the treatment of early breast carcinoma with conservative surgery and radiation therapy is more cost-effective than modified radical mastectomy followed by reconstruction.<sup>2</sup>
Activation of the Aryl-Hydrocarbon Receptor Inhibits Invasive and Metastatic Features of Human Breast Cancer Cells and Promotes Breast Cancer Cell Differentiation
Authors: Julie M. Hall, Melissa A. Barhoover, Dmitri Kazmin, Donald P. McDonnell, William F. Greenlee, Russell S. Thomas
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (2010)

ABSTRACT The current statistics associated with breast cancer continue to show a relatively high recurrence rate together with a poor survival for aggressive metastatic disease. These findings reflect, in part, the pharmaceutical intractability of processes involved in the metastatic process and highlight the need to identify additional drug targets for the treatment of late-stage disease. In the current study, we report that ligand activation of the aryl-hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) inhibits multiple aspects of the metastatic process in a panel of breast cancer cell lines that represent the major breast cancer subtypes. Specifically, it was observed that treatment with exogenous AhR agonists significantly inhibited cell invasiveness and motility in the Boyden chamber assay and inhibited colony formation in soft agar regardless of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor, or human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 status. Knockdown of the AhR using small interfering RNA duplexes demonstrated that the inhibition of invasiveness was receptor dependent and that endogenous receptor activity was protective in each cell type examined. The inhibition of invasiveness and anchorage-independent growth correlated with the ability of exogenous AhR agonists to promote differentiation. Finally, exogenous AhR agonists were able to promote differentiation in a putative mammary cancer stem cell line. Cumulatively, these results suggest that the AhR plays an important role in mammary epithelial differentiation and, as such, represent a promising therapeutic target for a range of phenotypically distinct human breast cancers.
Paying for health care
Authors: T. Bodenheimer
Journal: JAMA (1994)

At the center of the debate over health system reform in the United States lies the decision of how to pay for health care. Health care financing in the United States evolved to its current state as a series of social interventions. Each intervention solved a problem but in turn created its own problems requiring further intervention. In this article, we discuss the historical process of health care financing as solution-creating-new-problem-requiring-new-solution. The four basic modes of paying for health care are out-of-pocket payment, individual private insurance, employment-based group private insurance, and government financing. These four modes can be viewed both as an historical progression and as a categorization of current health care financing (Table). <h3>Out-of-Pocket Payments</h3> Fred Farmer broke his leg in 1892. His son ran 4 miles to get the doctor who came to the farm to splint the leg. Fred gave the doctor a couple of chickens to
Allelic loss of chromosome 4q21?23 associates with hepatitis B virus-related hepatocarcinogenesis and elevated alpha-fetoprotein
Authors: Shiou-Hwei Yeh, Ming-Wei Lin, Shu-Fen Lu, Dai-Chen Wu, Shih-Feng Tsai, Ching-Yi Tsai, Ming-Yang Lai, Hey-Chi Hsu, Ding-Shinn Chen, Pei-Jer Chen
Journal: Hepatology (2004)

Allelic loss of chromosome 4q is one of the most frequent genetic aberrations found in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and suggests the presence of putative tumor suppressor genes within this region. To precisely define the region containing these tumor suppressor genes for further positional cloning, we tried a detailed deletion mapping strategy in 149 HCCs by using 49 microsatellite markers covering 4q12 approximately 25. A common region with allelic loss has been identified based on the interstitial deletions occurring within it; this region is found between D4S1534 and D4S1572 (a 17.5-cM genetic interval). When we included all cases with limited aberration regions for comparison, 2 smaller regions were derived: 1 between D4S1534 and D4S2460 (3.52 cM) and 1 between D4S2433 and D4S1572 (8.44 cM). A few candidate genes were found to be down-regulated in HCCs, but without sequence mutations. In these HCCs, 4q alleleic loss was associated with hepatitis B virus infection status and the elevation of serum alpha-fetoprotein (>/=400 ng/mL). In conclusion, the current study not only mapped a common allelic loss region on chromosome 4q, but it also revealed that its loss may be involved in hepatitis B virus-related hepatocarcinogenesis and the elevation of serum alpha-fetoprotein.
Book Review La maladie de Besnier–Boeck–Schaumann; ses manifestations cutanées, ganglionnaires, pulmonaires, osseuses, oculaires, glandulaires, viscérales, nasales, nerveuses. Une nouvelle grande réticulo-endothéliose . By L.-M. Pautrier. 4°, paper, 341 pp., with 105 illustrations. Paris: Masson et Cie. $2.05.
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1941)
Effect of Bronchitis, Smoking and Occupation on Ventila
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
"Assessments for oxygen therapy in COPD: are we under correcting arterial oxygen tensions?" K. Dheda, K. Lim, B. Ollivere, J. Leftley, F.C. Lampe, A. Salisbury, J.P. Dilworth, R.K. Rajakulasingum. * Eur Respir J 2004; 24: 954-957.
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2005)
Sulindac and renal impairment
Authors: A. Whelton
Journal: JAMA (1983)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> The patient described by Whelton et al manifests both interstitial nephritis and nephrotic syndrome most likely caused by sulindac. This occurred after 36 months of treatment and resolved over several months after the drug therapy was discontinued. In our article, we noted four major types of renal toxicity on NSAID therapy: interstitial nephritis, minimal-change glomerulopathy, papillary necrosis, and functional changes in renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate secondary to inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis. The first three types are rare, occur after weeks or months of NSAID therapy, and take extended periods to resolve. The mechanism in the first two types seems to be immunologically mediated, with lymphocytes playing a major role.<sup>1,2</sup>The combined presence of interstitial nephritis and minimalchange glomerulopathy in the patient of Whelton and co-workers is a characteristic of NSAID nephropathy. The renal toxicity emphasized in our article appears within several days, is frequently
VICTIMS OF SANITATION.
Journal: JAMA (1906)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
CTNI-72. PHASE 2 STUDY OF DIANHYDROGALACTITOL (VAL-083) IN PATIENTS WITH MGMT-UNMETHYLATED, BEVACIZUMAB-NAÏVE GLIOBLASTOMA IN THE RECURRENT AND ADJUVANT SETTING
Authors: Barbara O’Brien, Marta Penas-Prado, Carlos Kamiya-Matsuoka, Shiao-Pei Weathers, W K Alfred Yung, Monica Loghin, Rebecca Harrison, Nazanin Majd, Jeffrey Bacha, Dennis Brown, Greg Johnson, John Langlands, Richard Schwartz, Sarath Kanekal, Anne Steino, Lorena Lopez, John de Groot
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2020)

Abstract Current standard-of-care for glioblastoma (GBM) includes surgery followed by concurrent therapy with radiation and temozolomide (TMZ) followed by adjuvant TMZ. Almost all GBM patients experience recurrent/progressive disease despite upfront standard of care treatment, with a median survival after recurrence of 3–9 months. Unmethylated promoter for O6-methylguanine-DNA-methyltransferase (MGMT) is a validated biomarker for TMZ-resistance and is correlated with poor patient prognosis. VAL-083 is a bi-functional DNA-targeting agent which rapidly induces inter-strand cross-links at N7-guanine inducing double-strand breaks causing cell death and acts independent of MGMT DNA repair. This trial is an open-label two-arm biomarker-driven phase 2 clinical trial in MGMT-unmethylated bevacizumab-naïve GBM patients with either recurrent (Group 1) or newly diagnosed GBM requiring adjuvant therapy after chemo-radiation with temozolomide (Group 2). Patients receive VAL-083 IV at 30 or 40 mg/m2/d on days 1, 2, and 3 of a 21-day cycle. The primary objective of this study is to determine the effect of VAL-083 on median overall survival (mOS) in MGMT-unmethylated recurrent GBM patients (Group 1); and progression-free survival (PFS) in newly diagnosed GBM patients requiring adjuvant therapy after chemo-irradiation with temozolomide (Group 2), compared to historical controls in both groups. Tumor response will be assessed by MRI every 42 days, using RANO criteria. The initial starting dose in this study was 40 mg/m2/d on days 1, 2, and 3 of a 21-day cycle, which was subsequently reduced to 30 mg/m2/d to improve tolerance due to myelosuppression. As of June 2-2020, 35 patients with recurrent GBM (Group 1) have received 40 mg/m2/d and 39 patients have received 30 mg/m2/d VAL-083. In the adjuvant setting (Group 2), 25 patients have been enrolled (30 mg/m2/day). Enrollment, safety data and study updates will be presented at the meeting. Clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT02717962.
Inpatient and day care are equally good in acute rheumatoid arthritis
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Colloids no better than crystalloids for fluid replacement in hypovolaemic patientsFor decades controversy has existed over the relative benefits of colloid and crystalloid solutions for fluid resuscitation of hypovolaemic patients.In their systematic review of randomised controlled trials Schierhout and Roberts (p 961) found that, compared with crystalloids, use of colloids was associated with an increase in absolute risk of mortality of 4%.There was no evidence for differences of effect among different types of injury necessitating fluid resuscitation.The authors conclude that there is no evidence to support the continued use of the more expensive colloids for acute volume replacement in critically ill patients.
Effect of bolus injection and continuous infusion of somatostatin on gastric perfusion in cirrhotic patients with portal-hypertensive gastropathy
Authors: J Panés
Journal: Hepatology (1994)

Gastric perfusion has been found to be increased in cirrhotic patients with portal-hypertensive gastropathy. This phenomenon may contribute to gastric bleeding from these lesions. Therefore drugs reducing gastric mucosal perfusion may be beneficial in the treatment of bleeding portal-hypertensive gastropathy. In this study, gastric mucosal perfusion was assessed, by means of laser-Doppler flowmetry and reflectance spectrophotometry, in 36 cirrhotic patients with portal-hypertensive gastropathy in basal conditions and after double-blind administration of placebo or somatostatin. Intravenous bolus injection of 250 μg somatostatin induced a rapid, marked decrease in gastric perfusion (−31.6% ± 7.9%, p<0.05), as assessed on laser-Doppler flowmetry, that lasted for only 6 min. Changes in the hemoglobin content of the gastric mucosa paralleled those of laser-Doppler signal. The oxygen content of the gastric mucosa was mildly reduced (−6.9% ± 1.1%, p<0.05). When the bolus injection was followed by a continuous infusion of somatostatin, the reduction in gastric perfusion, as assessed by means of laser-Doppler flowmetry, was maintained, although the magnitude of the reduction (−17% ± 7%) was significantly lower than that observed immediately after the bolus (p<0.05); the hemoglobin content of the gastric mucosa was also significantly reduced (−8% ± 1%), but no changes were observed in the oxygen content. Placebo administration had no effect on any of these parameters. We conclude that the increased gastric perfusion in cirrhotic patients with portal-hypertensive gastropathy can be effectively decreased by somatostatin administration. (Hepatology 1994;20:336–341.)
Correction: Activity and Safety of Palbociclib in Patients with Advanced Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors Refractory to Imatinib and Sunitinib: A Biomarker-driven Phase II Study
Authors: Maud Toulmonde, Jean-Yves Blay, Olivier Bouche, Olivier Mir, Nicolas Penel, Nicolas Isambert, Florence Duffaud, Emmanuelle Bompas, Thomas Esnaud, Romain Boidot, Damien Geneste, François Ghiringhelli, Carlo Lucchesi, Carine A. Bellera, François Le Loarer, Antoine Italiano
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2019)
CLINICAL EXAMINATION OF THE UBINE.A CRITICAL STUDY OF THE COMMONER METHODS.
Authors: RICHARD C. CABOT
Journal: JAMA (1905)

In 1897 Councilman<sup>1</sup>wrote, in a paper on "Acute and Subacute Nephritis": "The chemical and microscopic examination of the urine, important as it is, does not give any sure information as to the character of the (renal) lesions." Reflecting on this remark and recalling various discrepancies between antemortem and postmortem diagnosis in renal cases that have come under my observation, it seemed to me worth while to compare systematically the urinary records and postmortem findings in all the cases of acute and chronic nephritis that have come to autopsy at the Massachusetts General Hospital since 1893. The results of this work form the bulk of the present paper. The group of cases examined excludes all suppurative diseases in or near the kidney, and includes, for the sake of comparison, some conditions in which the urine is more or less like that of nephritis. Since the histologie lesions found postmortem have been the basis of the nomenclature used throughout, I append a brief statement of the appearances to which each name refers:
Update: chenodeoxycholic acid and gallstones
Journal: JAMA (1981)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal