tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Phase II study of bevacizumab and erlotinib in treatment-naive elderly patients (older than age 65) with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
Authors: H. Borghaei, R. Mehra, M. M. Millenson, H. Tuttle, K. Ruth, A. J. Magdalinski, D. M. Mintzer, J. Lee, J. Stevenson, C. J. Langer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

7548 Background: The median age of newly diagnosed NSCLC patients (pts) in the US is 71 and more than 60% of newly diagnosed pts are 65 years of age or older. The ‘fit elderly’ (PS 0-1) derive the same level of benefit from systemic therapy as others, but with a lower tolerance for toxicities. Innovative treatment strategies with less toxicity are, therefore, needed. Our study explored the efficacy and tolerability of an ‘all-biologic’ therapy in treatment-naïve elderly pts with advanced NSCLC. Methods: Fit elderly pts with treatment-naïve stage IV or IIIB were treated with full dose erlotinib (150 mg/d) and bevacizumab (15 mg/kg Q 3 wks) in 21 day cycles. Progression-free survival (PFS) was the primary endpoint. EGFR status was not required for enrollment. Imaging was performed every 2 cycles. Attributable grade 3 and 4 AEs were documented. Results: Enrollment was completed between 8/2007 and 1/2011. Mature data are available for 26 of 33 patients accrued. Median age is 74 (range: 70-84). Sixteen pts (62%) have ECOG PS of 1. Seven pts have stage IIIB disease (AJCC v. 6). Kaplan-Meier estimate of median time from starting therapy to going off protocol is 4.8 months (95% confidence interval = 1.7-14.9). Of the 20 pts now off protocol, the median number of cycles is 4 (range: 1-40). Six pts are currently on protocol, (range 4 to 33 cycles). Drug-related grade 3(G3) and 4(G4) AEs include hypertension (G3: 5 pts), fatigue (G3: 1 pt), rash (G3: 3 pts), diarrhea (2 G3 and 1 G4), anorexia (G3: 1 pt), infection with neutropenia (G3: 1 pt), bowel perforation (G3: 1 pt), abnormal protein/creatinine ratio (G3: 1 pt). Eight patients have had PRs, thirteen SD and five PRs. The estimated median PFS for all patients is 6.6 months (95% CI =3.6-14.9 months). Fourteen of 26 patients have died; estimated one year OS is 56.6% (95%CI=24.7-65.4%), and estimated median OS is 14.1mo (95%CI 6.2mo-undefined). Smoking and EGFR status data have been collected. Conclusions: Our data suggest that a non-cytotoxic combination of erlotinib and bevacizumab is effective and well tolerated for the first-line management of elderly patients with advanced NSCLC. Correlation of outcome with EGFR and smoking status is pending.
Correction: Medical manpower
Journal: BMJ (1992)

off half of the population overcome a mortality dis-gross national product per head to infer that health advantage almost as great as that of social class V.The inequalities within societies cannot be a reflection of fact that such a large group of the population at such income differentials.30Indeed, if health differences high risk has not yet been identified' implies that the within the developed countries are principally a benefits may be more widespread.function of income inequality itself, this would explain It is not only the scale of the health benefits which why social class differences in health have not narrowed suggest that income distribution may improve the despite growing affluence and the fall of absolute health of the majority of the population.The pattern of poverty.correlations in the table and the shape of the curve relating income to mortality in figure 1 carry the same I thank the Economic and Social Research Council (grant implication.The table suggests that the health of the No. R000232685) for financial support.least well off 60-70% of the population may benefit from income redistribution.Although the correlations 1 Goldblatt P. Mortality and alternative social classifications.In: Goldblatt P, from incmeredisribution Althoug the corelations ed.Longi'tudinal study 1971-1 981.London:
Quantitative detection of HCV RNA using novel ligation-dependent polymerase chain reaction (LD-PCR) . Mount Sinai Hospital and Public Health Research Institute, New York, NY
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

HIV RNA was quantified in blood plasma from 209 patients and in control specimen comparing the NucliSens™ HIV-1 QT test (Organon Teknika), which is based on the nucleic acid sequence amplification procedure, and the Quantiplex™ 3.0 test (Bayer), which uses hybridization signal enhancement by branched DNA (bDNA) probes. A highly significant correlation (P=0.01) was found between the two methods with 88% of the samples showing similar results. In cases of discrepant findings, higher virus load was observed with either test (14×NASBA>bDNA; 12×bNDA>NASBA). Differences could neither be related to clinical features nor to divergent virus subtypes. Standard preparations containing 35 000 and 222 000 copies were quantified with intra-assay coefficients of variation of <20% using both methods. A preparation of 192 copies was measured with lower precision by both tests, yet was detected more reliably by the bDNA method.
Plain language summaries
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2016)

DNA is found inside every cell, and cells replenish by copying themselves throughout our lives.Telomeres are like protective caps at the end of each strand of our DNAthey protect the DNA but the telomere gets shorter each time a cell copies itself.Eventually, telomeres get too short and the cells stop functioning properly.Telomere length (TL) is therefore a sign of the age of the cell.It is thought that TL can influence the risk of melanoma, which is the most dangerous type of skin cancer, in which genetic and environmental factors both play a part.In this study, from Italy, 310 patients with melanoma were classed as either 'sporadic' (e.g.caused by environmental factors, namely sun exposure) or 'familial' (i.e.where genetic factors are mainly involved).The researchers also recorded if the patients had more than one melanoma, or just one melanoma and no further cases in the 3 years after diagnosis.Telomere length was measured in the patients and a control group (people with no melanoma).The researchers analysed the relationship between TL and diagnosis of melanoma, family history, having more than one melanoma, and number of moles.They found that patients with sporadic melanoma had shorter telomeres as compared to those with familial melanoma.In addition, shorter telomeres, while tending to reduce the risk of familial melanoma regardless of single or multiple tumours, nearly trebled the risk of single sporadic melanoma.This is the first time that TL has been shown to have opposite effects on melanoma risk, according to whether or not there is a family history of the disease.
OPIUM COMA OR MENINGEAL TUBERCULOSIS.
Journal: JAMA (1897)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Many diabetic patients do not monitor their blood glucose regularly
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Treatment for athlete's foot should begin with over the counter drugs On p 79 Hart et al report the first systematic review of topical antifungal drugs for athlete's foot.Allylamines, available only on prescription, cure slightly more fungal infections of the skin of the feet than azoles and undecenoic acid, both of which are available over the counter.The comparatively high cost of allylamines, however, means that the few extra cures are expensive.So it is best to begin treatment with an azole or undecenoic acid, and to reserve allylamines for those infections that do not respond.
Physician-Run Health Plans and Antitrust
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1996)

As the health care system changes and large managed care entities gain greater control in some markets, proponents of antitrust reform have expressed concern that physicians could lose their autonomy.To respond to this concern, the American College of Physicians has consistently argued that physicians should be allowed to establish their own health plans and networks to provide high-quality and cost-effective care. Moreover, the College has advocated utilization review reform and due process protections to empower physicians in their dealings with insurers. Under current antitrust law, as interpreted by the federal enforcement agencies, physicians already have the legal authority to form their own health plans and networks, and many state medical societies are sponsoring such plans.The law also allows physicians to operate the clinical components of a health plan, regardless of who owns it. Moreover, physicians can share information about quality, utilization, and, in some circumstances, fees. An examination of federal enforcement agency actions since the mid-1970s shows that physician networks have rarely been challenged. In light of market developments, however, the College has urged the federal antitrust agencies to analyze the effect of their current enforcement policies on physician activities and adopt a more flexible approach. Further monitoring and analysis of the changing health care marketplace are necessary to ensure that physicians are being treated fairly and to determine which factors spur or inhibit the development of physician-run health plans and networks.
Guidelines for quality assurance. Council on Medical Service
Authors: Donald K. Crandall, Robert C. Babkowski, Daniel K. Billmeyer, Robert D. Burnett, Roy R. Deffebach, John A. Finkbeiner, T. Reginald Harris, Perry A. Lambird, Kermit L. Newcomer, Albert J. Osbahr, Mario E. Ramirez, Grant V. Rodkey, Nicholas M. Griffin
Journal: JAMA (1988)

AT THE 1986 Annual Meeting, the House of Delegates adopted Council on Medical Service Report A on "quality of care." That report identified eight essential elements that characterize care of high quality and presented a series of nine "Guidelines" for the conduct of quality assessment, the process by which the quality of medical care delivered is monitored and measured. At the 1987 Annual Meeting, the Council's Report A described the operation of five specific quality assessment systems that are under way or planned and discussed how specific features of these systems illustrated the quality assessment guidelines in an operational way. A comprehensive program for managing the quality of care includes not only quality assessment but quality<i>assurance</i>activities, designed to assist practitioners in modifying practice behavior found to be deficient by quality assessment, to protect the public against incompetent practitioners, as well as to modify structural or resource deficiencies that
Ipratropium Bromide
Authors: N J Gross
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1988)

IPRATROPIUM bromide (8-isopropyl-noratropine-methobromide) is a synthetic quaternary ammonium congener of atropine. The first anticholinergic agent to be approved for use as a bronchodilator, it has recently been released for general use. I review here the background and the rationale for the use of an anticholinergic bronchodilator, and the pharmacology, clinical efficacy, and side effects of ipratropium bromide.BackgroundSince atropine and related anticholinergic alkaloids are widespread in the plant kingdom, their medicinal and recreational properties have been well known to many cultures for many centuries.1 Atropine, in the form of the leaves and root of Datura stramonium, was introduced . . .
Accident Services
Authors: A. W. Gardner
Journal: BMJ (1967)

<h3>Abstract</h3> A defining feature of eukaryotic cells is the presence of numerous membrane-bound organelles that subdivide the intracellular space into distinct compartments. How the eukaryotic cell acquired its internal complexity is still poorly understood. Material exchange among most organelles occurs via vesicles that bud off from a source and specifically fuse with a target compartment. Central players in the vesicle fusion process are the Soluble <i>N</i>-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor Attachment protein REceptor (SNARE) proteins. These small tail-anchored (TA) membrane proteins zipper into elongated four-helix bundles that pull membranes together<sup>1–3</sup>. SNARE proteins are highly conserved among eukaryotes but are thought to be absent in prokaryotes. Here, we identified SNARE-like factors in the genomes of uncultured organisms of Asgard archaea of the <i>Heimdallarchaeota</i> clade<sup>4,5</sup>, which are thought to be the closest living relatives of eukaryotes. Biochemical experiments show that the archaeal SNARE-like proteins can interact with eukaryotic SNARE proteins. We did not detect SNAREs in α-proteobacteria, the closest relatives of mitochondria, but identified several genes encoding for SNARE proteins in γ-proteobacteria of the order Legionellales, pathogens that live inside eukaryotic cells. Very probably, their SNAREs stem from lateral gene transfer from eukaryotes. Together, this suggests that the diverse set of eukaryotic SNAREs evolved from an archaeal precursor. However, whether <i>Heimdallarchaeota</i> actually have a simplified endomembrane system will only be seen when we succeed studying these organisms under the microscope.
NEWS FROM THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
Journal: Circulation Research (1961)

A total of 165 original scientific papers, selected from a record 627 abstracts submitted for consideration, will be presented at the 34th annual Scientific Sessions of the American Heart Association.The sessions will be held from Friday, October 20 through Sunday, October 22 in the Americana Hotel, Ba! Harbour, Miami Beach, Florida.These presentations will be made during six sessions on clinical cardiology and at 15 other scientific sessions to be held concurrently throughout the three-day program under sponsorship of the Association's Councils.Additional presentations will be made at panels, symposia, and lectures.registrants holding confirmed hotel reservations before September 30 will receive a copy of the program prior to the meeting.Abstracts of papers to be presented will be published as
Corrections to Narendran et al.
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2019)

effects on complex traits nor the relevance of these specific candidate polymorphisms to depression is supported by well-powered studies (1-5).The genetic architectures of traits such as depression have revealed themselves to be hyperpolygenic-thousands of common variants influence liability, each exerting an effect far too small to be detected in conventional samples, even with precise phenotypic measurement.The era of using small samples to investigate specific common genetic variants based on historical biological hypotheses that are unsupported by genome-wide data is drawing to a close.
Colleagues in Africa.
Journal: BMJ (1972)

When Great Britain relinquished its protectorate of Uganda just 10 years ago it left as a parting present one of the finest hospitals on the African continent.Standing on Mulago Hill on the outskirts of Kampala, it was more than a splendid group of buildings.Successor to the thatched hut in which Dr. (later Sir) Albert Cook began his practice in 1897, it was a refuge where the sick from all parts of the country received first-class medical attention from doctors of many races and nationalities.At the same time Mulago Hospital and its associated medical school were a centre of outstand- ing research, where fundamental work was done (to cite two renowned examples) by Mr. Denis Burkitt on the tumour that bears his name and by Professor S. M. M. Karim on the prostaglandins.The staff was naturally mainly Ugandan, among them many Asians, but Britons, Scandinavians, Americans, and other nationals contributed to the running of a great multiracial institution.
RUSSIAN SCIENTISTS AND PRIORITIES FOR MEDICAL DISCOVERIES
Journal: JAMA (1949)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
BOOK REVIEWS
Authors: JACOB LOKICH
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1991)

Journal Article BOOK REVIEWS Get access Temporal Control of Drug Delivery William J. M. Hrusheskey , Roberst Langer , Felix Theeuwes , eds . New York : The New York Academy of Sciences , 1991 , 641 pp. $160. JACOB LOKICH JACOB LOKICH Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 83, Issue 21, 6 November 1991, Page 1585, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/83.21.1585 Published: 06 November 1991
Host Range and Genetic Plasticity Explain the Coexistence of Integrative and Extrachromosomal Mobile Genetic Elements
Authors: Jean Cury, Pedro H Oliveira, Fernando de la Cruz, Eduardo P C Rocha
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2018)

Self-transmissible mobile genetic elements drive horizontal gene transfer between prokaryotes. Some of these elements integrate in the chromosome, whereas others replicate autonomously as plasmids. Recent works showed the existence of few differences, and occasional interconversion, between the two types of elements. Here, we enquired on why evolutionary processes have maintained the two types of mobile genetic elements by comparing integrative and conjugative elements (ICE) with extrachromosomal ones (conjugative plasmids) of the highly abundant MPFT conjugative type. We observed that plasmids encode more replicases, partition systems, and antibiotic resistance genes, whereas ICEs encode more integrases and metabolism-associated genes. ICEs and plasmids have similar average sizes, but plasmids are much more variable, have more DNA repeats, and exchange genes more frequently. On the other hand, we found that ICEs are more frequently transferred between distant taxa. We propose a model where the different genetic plasticity and amplitude of host range between elements explain the co-occurrence of integrative and extrachromosomal elements in microbial populations. In particular, the conversion from ICE to plasmid allows ICE to be more plastic, while the conversion from plasmid to ICE allows the expansion of the element’s host range.
Medical News
Journal: JAMA (1931)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
WHAT DOES THE PRACTICE OF MEDICINE OFFER AS A LIFE WORK?
Journal: JAMA (2001)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
β-Thalassemias
Authors: Ali T. Taher, Khaled M. Musallam, M. Domenica Cappellini
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2021)

Defective synthesis of the β-globin chain causes recessively inherited disorders characterized by inadequate hemoglobin production and chronic anemia. Transfusion may lead to iron overload. Hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation may be curative. Gene therapy holds promise for reversing anemia.
Red blood cell porphobilinogen deaminase in the evaluation of acute intermittent porphyria
Authors: C. A. Pierach
Journal: JAMA (1987)

We measured the activity of the enzyme porphobilinogen deaminase in red blood cells of 222 persons. Ninety-seven of 107 patients with acute intermittent porphyria had enzyme activity below the normal range, whereas 55 of 56 patients with other types of porphyria had normal activity. This underscores the utility of this test in confirming the diagnosis of acute intermittent porphyria. Measurement of enzyme activity in 41 families with acute intermittent porphyria demonstrated that deficient activity is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait. Many latent carriers of the genetic defect were identified by family studies, permitting appropriate precautions to avoid potentially lethal porphyric attacks. (<i>JAMA</i>1987;257:60-61)