tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Stage I and II breast cancer: what type of surgery?
Authors: J. K. Quattlebaum
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —The comment by Dr Quattlebaum regarding recurrence represents a frequent misconception regarding surgical treatment of breast cancer, namely, that more extensive surgery is better than tumor resection with conservation of the breast. However, three large randomized controlled trials comparing BCS and mastectomy have now shown no advantage of mastectomy over BCS for women with tumors up to 4 cm.<sup>1-3</sup> Based on these studies, local recurrence rates 8 to 10 years after treatment range from 2% to 10% among women undergoing BCS and radiation therapy, compared with 2% to 9% chest wall recurrence rates among women with mastectomy. While the US study provides evidence of substantial local recurrence in an unirradiated breast (39%) following BCS, even these women are at no disadvantage for overall survival compared with women undergoing mastectomy.<sup>3</sup> These trials are the basis for the National Institutes of Health recommendation calling for breast preservation for
THE INDEX NUMBER.
Journal: JAMA (1904)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Dronedarone
Authors: Chinmay Patel, Gan-Xin Yan, Peter R. Kowey
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Amiodarone is the most effective antiarrhythmic drug for maintaining sinus rhythm for patients with atrial fibrillation. Extra-cardiac side effects have been a limiting factor, especially during chronic use, and may offset its benefits. Dronedarone is a noniodinated benzofuran derivative of amiodarone that has been developed for the treatment of atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter. Similar to amiodarone, dronedarone is a potent blocker of multiple ion currents, including the rapidly activating delayed-rectifier potassium current, the slowly activating delayed-rectifier potassium current, the inward rectifier potassium current, the acetylcholine activated potassium current, peak sodium current, and L-type calcium current, and exhibits antiadrenergic effects. It has been studied for maintenance of sinus rhythm and control of ventricular response during episodes of atrial fibrillation. Dronedarone reduces mortality and morbidity in patients with high-risk atrial fibrillation, but may be unsafe in those with severe heart failure. This article will review evidence of safety and effectiveness of dronedarone in patients with atrial fibrillation.
Maurice Raynaud (1834-1881). Raynaud's disease
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Endocrine and Physiological Changes in Response to Chronic Corticosterone: A Potential Model of the Metabolic Syndrome in Mouse
Authors: Ilia N. Karatsoreos, Sarah M. Bhagat, Nicole P. Bowles, Zachary M. Weil, Donald W. Pfaff, Bruce S. McEwen
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (2010)

ABSTRACT Numerous clinical and experimental studies have linked stress to changes in risk factors associated with the development of physiological syndromes, including metabolic disorders. How different mediators of the stress response, such as corticosterone (CORT), influence these changes in risk remains unclear. Although CORT has beneficial short-term effects, long-term CORT exposure can result in damage to the physiological systems it protects acutely. Disruption of this important physiologic signal is observed in numerous disparate disorders, ranging from depression to Cushing’s syndrome. Thus, understanding the effects of chronic high CORT on metabolism and physiology is of key importance. We explored the effects of 4-wk exposure to CORT dissolved in the drinking water on the physiology and behavior of male mice. We used this approach as a noninvasive way of altering plasma CORT levels, whereas retaining some integrity in the diurnal rhythm present in normal animals. This approach has advantages over methods involving constant CORT pellets, CORT injections, or adrenalectomy. We found that high doses of CORT (100 μg/ml) result in rapid and dramatic increases in weight gain, increased adiposity, elevated plasma leptin, insulin and triglyceride levels, hyperphagia, and decreased home-cage locomotion. A lower dose of CORT (25 μg/ml) resulted in an intermediate phenotype in some of these measures, whereas having no effect on others. We propose that the physiological changes observed in the high-CORT animals approximate changes observed in individuals suffering from the metabolic syndrome and that they potentially serve as a model for hypercortisolemia and stress-related obesity.
High-Dose Vincristine Sulfate Liposome Injection (Marqibo®) Is Not Associated With Clinically Meaningful Hematologic Toxicity
Authors: Olivia R. Deitcher, John Glaspy, Rene Gonzalez, Takami Sato, Agop Bedikian, Karen Segarini, Jeffrey A. Silverman, Steven R. Deitcher
Journal: Blood (2013)
AN IMPORTANT QUESTION
Journal: JAMA (1988)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Incorrect Reference
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2016)

Graeme L. Hickey, PhD; Ben Bridgewater, PhD, FRCS, (C-Th); Stuart W. Grant, MB, ChB, PhD; John Deanfield, MB, BChir, FRCP; John Parkinson, PhD; Alan J. Bryan, MD, FRCS, (C-Th); Malcolm Dalrymple-Hay, PhD, FRCS, (C-Th); Neil Moat, FRCS; Iain Buchan, MD, FFPH; Joel Dunning, PhD, FRCS, (C-Th)
Hypovolemic Shock
Authors: Paul C. Young
Journal: JAMA (1979)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In regard to the discussion of hypovolemic shock by William Schumer, MD (241:615,1979), the author would do well to converse with his local immunohematologist. Dr Schumer stated that volume losses are ideally replaced with whole blood. While this may be true, the increasing use of donor plasma for component preparation mandates the use of packed RBCs in most situations, even hypovolemic shock. In writing about traumatic shock, Moss and Saletta<sup>1</sup>stated that the use of packed RBCs has a number of advantages and that the era of whole-blood transfusions is probably coming to an end. Packed RBC units can be reconstituted with saline for rapid administration. Also, fresh frozen plasma and platelet packs can be given to replace clotting factors and platelets more effectively than by using whole blood. Dr Schumer also referred to a blood cross-matching interval of 1 1/2 hours. Forty-five minutes is a more
No Reprints
Journal: JAMA (1981)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 1169: Critical Role of Leukocyte ROCK1 in Mediating Neointimal Formation Following Vascular Injury
Authors: Kensuke Noma, Yoshiyuki Rikitake, Naotsugu Oyama, Daniella Ahl, Ping-Yen Liu, Hongwei Wang, Naoki Sawada, Ryuji Okamoto, Yukio Hiroi, James K Liao
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background - Rho kinase (ROCK) has been implicated in vascular inflammation, remodeling, and atherosclerosis. However, the tissue- and isoform-specific roles of ROCKs in mediating these processes are not known. Methods and Results - To determine the role of ROCKs following vascular injury, we ligated the left common carotid artery in WT, ROCK1 +/− , and ROCK2 +/− mice. Four weeks after carotid ligation, the neointimal areas were decreased in ROCK1 +/− (6,900 ± 3,800 μm 2 , P &lt; 0.05), but not in ROCK2 +/− mice (31,200 ± 8,500 μm 2 , P = NS), compared to that of WT mice (26,800 ± 5,600 μm 2 ). This correlated with substantial decreases in vascular ROCK activity, neointimal proliferation, proinflammatory adhesion molecules, and leukocyte infiltration in ROCK1 +/− mice. Indeed, neutrophil recruitment into the peritoneal cavity after intraperitoneal injection of thioglycollate was reduced in ROCK1 +/− mice (7.0 ± 0.3 x 10 6 /ml, P &lt; 0.01) compared to that in WT mice (13.9 ± 0.8 x 10 6 /ml), U937-LAM monocyte accumulation on TNFα-stimulated endothelial cells (EC) from ROCK1 +/− mice was 2.5-fold lower than that from WT mice, and thrombin-induced increases in ROCK activity and ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 expressions were impaired in EC from ROCK1 +/− mice. Furthermore, in vascular smooth muscle cells from ROCK1 +/− mice, PDGF-induced increases in ROCK activity and migration, but not proliferation, were reduced. To determine the role of leukocyte ROCK1 in this process, we transplanted the bone marrow (BM) from donor WT into recipient irradiated WT mice, from WT into irradiated ROCK1 +/− mice, and from ROCK1 +/− into irradiated WT mice. Transplantation with BM from ROCK1 +/− into WT mice resulted in reduced neointimal formation and leukocyte infiltration, while transplantation with BM from WT into ROCK1 +/− mice had no substantial effect on them. Conclusion - These findings indicate that ROCK1, but not ROCK2, mediates leukocyte recruitment and neointimal formation following vascular injury and suggest that leukocyte ROCK1 may be an important therapeutic target in vascular inflammatory and proliferative diseases.
AB1262 Tapering of biological antirheumatic drugs in rheumatoid arthritispatients is achievable and cost effective in daily clinical practice: data from the brussels ucl ra cohort
Authors: S. Dierckx, B. Lauwerys, T. Sokolova, L. Meric De Bellefon, M. Stoenoiu, A. Nzeusseu, F. Houssiau, A. Avramoska, P. Durez
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2018)

<h3>Background</h3> Several studies demonstrate that Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) patients achieving low disease activity or remission are able to taper biological (b) DMARDs. <h3>Objectives</h3> The aim of this study is to determine the number of patients suffering from RA in whom tapering of bDMARDs is achievable in daily practice and to evaluate the patient characteristics. Another objective is to analyse the budget impact and determine which bDMARDs are more adapted to dose reduction. <h3>Methods</h3> Inclusion criteria were RA patients from our Brussels UCL cohort treated with a bDMARD for at least one year. A dose reduction was proposed by the senior physician when sustained low disease activity or remission was observed. Data from 357 eligible RA patients (247 women and 110 men) were collected. Patient characteristics and baseline features before the current bDMARDs and flares if happened were collected. Annual drug dosage and cost were calculated. <h3>Results</h3> In 131 patients (35.7%), the dose of the bDMARD could be tapered. Patients in the decreased dose group were older (60.6 vs 55.9 years, p=0.005) and started bDMARDs earlier in their disease course (6.8 vs 8.4 years, p=0.025). As expected, the current DAS28-CRP was lower (2.26 vs 2.55, p=0.018) and interestingly, more patients were treated with a combination of Methotrexate (84% vs 73%, p=0.019). No differences between groups was observed for gender, disease duration, baseline HAQ, DAS28-CRP, erosion, ACPA, number of previous bDMARDs and use of Glucocorticoïds. In our cohort, Anti-TNF agents were the most commonly prescribed medications (see Table). Annual drug cost was largely decreased for Rituximab and anti-TNF agents. Only 11 patients experienced a flare during the follow-up. <h3>Conclusions</h3> In daily practice, tapering of bDMARDs in RA patients with low disease activity or remission is an achievable goal, thereby reducing annual drug cost, especially for Rituximab, Infliximab, Etanercept and Adalimumab. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
BEHAVIOR OF CARBON TETRACHLORID IN THE BODY
Journal: JAMA (1924)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Genogram
Authors: Ruth Kannai
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2006)

On Being a Doctor21 November 2006The GenogramRuth Kannai, MDRuth Kannai, MDFrom Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-145-10-200611210-00014 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail She's always standing waiting for me at the entrance to the house; her face is lined with wrinkles, devising evil. She is miserly, bitter. More than anything, Mas'uda reminds me of the wicked witch from Hansel and Gretel, except that her house is not one of chocolate and candy.With her at home, in a large iron bed in the middle of the hall, is her husband, Yitzhak. On an air bubble mattress donated by a medical charity organization, he is curled up in a diaper, his stiffened hands and feet bent. A plastic feeding tube is attached to his ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel.Corresponding Author: Ruth Kannai, MD, Department of Family Medicine, PO Box 12272, Hadassah School of Medicine, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel 91120; e-mail, [email protected]net.il. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 21 November 2006Volume 145, Issue 10Page: 786-787KeywordsBirthChildrenChocolateEatingEmotionsFoodMouthUrineUterusVenoms ePublished: 21 November 2006 Issue Published: 21 November 2006 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2006 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
The physician's role in the cost-containment problem
Authors: S. J. Dresnick
Journal: JAMA (1979)

The seemingly uncontrolled increase in the cost of medical care is one of the major problems facing the American physician. Although the reasons for escalated costs are multifactorial, the physician does play an important role in the problem. Several studies have suggested that physicians, the cost generators, are unaware of the economic impact of the care they provide. In the preparation of this report, 70 medical students, 316 interns and residents, and 41 faculty members at the University of Miami School of Medicine were surveyed on their knowledge of frequently ordered hospital billing items. A common lack of knowledge was noted in all three groups of respondents, with the faculty scoring as poorly as the medical students. Major efforts must be directed toward the cost education of physicians. (<i>JAMA</i>241:1606-1609, 1979)
Experimental subjects. Who should they be?
Authors: R. A. McCormick
Journal: JAMA (1976)

ON JULY 29, 1975, Caspar N. Weinberger endorsed the substance of the recommendations on fetal research of the National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects. In effect, this removed the ban on fetal experiments that had existed since July 1974. Except in one instance (that of aborted dying fetuses), the key restrictive constraint in the Commission's recommendations on nontherapeutic fetal research is "minimal or no risk to the fetus." It is clear that the Commission's assessment of fetal dignity is at some point in sharp contrast to that of the Supreme Court's<i>Wade</i>and<i>Bolton</i>decisions. The main objection of those who opposed any nontherapeutic research on the fetus was that such research was being imposed on one incapable of consent and, therefore, that the fetus was being used only as a means and not also as an end in himself. Much the same argument has been used against
Haemophilia
Authors: Kenneth M. Brinkhous
Journal: JAMA (1973)

Hemophilia has received increasing attention from physicians, dentists, and biomedial scientists, on a worldwide basis, since the advent of replacement therapy with plasma fractions to control hemorrhagic episodes. The many avenues open for the study and management of hemophilia are reflected in this volume which consists of a series of essays, 48 in all, presented at an international hemophilia congress in Tehran in 1971. The major topics covered are the following: regulation of the anti-hemophilic factor (factor VIII), genetic variants in congenital disorders of coagulation, the pathophysiology of hemostasis, blood transfusion and plasma fractionation, orthopedic aspects of hemophilia, dental aspects of hemophilia, and current trends in hemophilia treatment. Most of the reports deal with hemophilia A. The status of organ transplantation, especially liver transplants, blood banking procedures, and the diagnosis and treatment of inhibitor hemophilia are well covered. A sober evaluation of synovectomy for treating crippling hemarthropathy suggests its main
Allergy and Immunology
Authors: Charlotte Cunningham-Rundles
Journal: JAMA (1995)

Cytokines are low-molecular-weight proteins secreted by many cells, which can function as immune mediators. (If the cell of origin is a lymphocyte, these proteins are usually called lymphokines.) Many cytokines were originally named on the basis of an observed biological activity (eg, tumor necrosis factor and interferon), but most are multifunctional and act on a variety of target cells. These hormonelike compounds are capable of a wide range of immunologic activities, including either stimulating or suppressing various cells of the immune system. Despite the powerful in vitro activities of cytokines and the demonstration of increased levels of cytokines in tissues, serum, or other biological fluids, the role of cytokines in the pathogenesis of disease remains unknown but intensely investigated.<sup>1</sup> One of the major controversies about assigning cytokines a role in disease pathogenesis is that there are still many questions about the optimum methods for measuring individual cytokines. The most