tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
PROSPER: Phase III RandOmized Study Comparing PERioperative nivolumab versus observation in patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) undergoing nephrectomy (ECOG-ACRIN EA8143).
Authors: Mohamad E. Allaf, Se Eun Kim, Viraj A. Master, David F. McDermott, Sabina Signoretti, David Cella, Rajan T. Gupta, Suzanne Cole, Brian M. Shuch, Primo "Lucky" N. Lara, Anil Kapoor, Daniel Yick Chin Heng, Bradley C. Leibovich, M. Dror Michaelson, Toni K. Choueiri, Michael A.S. Jewett, Deb Maskens, Lauren C Harshman, Michael Anthony Carducci, Naomi B. Haas
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2021)

TPS4596 Background: There is no standard adjuvant systemic therapy that increases overall survival (OS) over surgery alone for non-metastatic RCC. Anti-PD-1 nivolumab (nivo) improves OS in metastatic RCC and is well tolerated. In mouse models, priming the immune system prior to surgery with anti-PD-1 results in superior OS compared to adjuvant dosing. Remarkable pathologic responses have been seen with neoadjuvant PD-1 in multiple ph 2 studies in bladder, lung and breast cancers. Phase 2 neoadjuvant RCC trials of nivo show preliminary feasibility and safety with no surgical delays. PROSPER RCC seeks to improve clinical outcomes by priming the immune system with neoadjuvant nivo prior to nephrectomy followed by continued immune system engagement with adjuvant blockade in patients (pts) with high risk RCC compared to standard of care surgery alone. Methods: This global, unblinded, phase 3 National Clinical Trials Network study is accruing pts with clinical stage ≥T2 or T any N+ RCC of any histology planned for radical or partial nephrectomy. Select oligometastatic disease is permitted if the pt can be rendered ‘no evidence of disease’ within 12 weeks of nephrectomy (≤3 metastases; no brain, bone or liver). In the investigational arm, nivo is administered 480mg IV q4 weeks with 1 dose prior to surgery followed by 9 adjuvant doses. The control arm is nephrectomy followed by standard of care surveillance. There is no placebo. Baseline tumor biopsy is required only in the nivo arm but encouraged in both. Randomized pts are stratified by clinical T stage, node positivity, and M stage. 805 pts provide 84.2% power to detect a 14.4% absolute benefit in recurrence-free survival at 5 years assuming the ASSURE historical control of ̃56% to 70% (HR = 0.70). The study is powered to evaluate a significant increase in OS (HR 0.67). Critical perioperative therapy considerations such as safety, feasibility, and quality of life metrics are integrated. PROSPER RCC embeds a wealth of translational studies to examine the contribution of the baseline immune milieu and neoadjuvant priming with anti-PD-1 on clinical outcomes. As of February 10, 2021, 704 patients have been enrolled (N = 805). Clinical trial information: NCT03055013.
ON THE INFECTIVITY OF THE URINE IN TYPHOID FEVER.
Journal: JAMA (1895)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Di(2-ethylhexyl) adipate*
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1982)

Di(2-ethylhexyl) Adipate: Condensation of the Carcinogenesis Bioassay Technical Report* Di(2-ethylhexyl) adipate [bis(2-ethylhexyl) adipate, DEHA, octyl adipate, dioctyl adipate, DOA, CAS No. 103-23-1], a plasticizer added to vinyl plastics to give low temperature flexibility, is dispersed (not bound) in the polymer chain matrix.Approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for use in plastics that may contact nonfatty, nonalcoholic foods (not to exceed 24% by weight of the plastic polymer), DEHA has wide use in vinyl packaging ifim for refrigerated and frozen food products.Other products containing DEHA include electric wire insulation, garden hoses, vinyl coated fabrics for automotive and upholstery use, synthetic rub- ber, base oils for hydraulic fluids, and, among others, polyvinyl tubing for hemodialysis.For these uses 44 million pounds were produced in 1978.DEHA was selected as a representative of the adipate class of plasticizers, because it is structur- ally related to di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, because human exposure is widespread, and because no carcinogenesis studies had been done.
What to expect from expectorants
Authors: I. Ziment
Journal: JAMA (1976)

DO MEDICATIONS really help mobilize mucus from the respiratory tract? Are the traditional physicians correct when they try to get the asthmatic child to "vomit" sputum out of the lungs? Do all the numerous cough and cold mixtures have any more effect on expectoration than the glass of water used to wash the medication down? Are inhaled agents superior to those administered by mouth? These are difficult questions to answer, and reliable information is scanty—mainly because of the well-recognized difficulty in quantifying and qualifying a patient's sputum. Nevertheless, many physicians and more patients are convinced that certain favored prescriptions do have a beneficial effect on respiratory secretions. <h3>Traditional and Modern Expectorants</h3> The various American formularies and pharmacopeias are relatively reluctant to praise the traditional expectorants, but an English drug encyclopedia, Martindale's<i>Extra Pharmacopoeia</i>, lists a surprisingly large range of such medications that are undoubtedly foisted by British physicians on their
Neuropsychiatric comorbidity among adolescents with psoriasis
Authors: E. Galili, A. Barzilai, R. Shreberk-Hassidim, I. Merdler, T. Caspi, N. Astman
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2018)

Summary Psoriasis is a common skin disease, typically presenting as a red scaly rash. In mild cases it can be treated with creams, while in patients with so called “moderate to severe psoriasis”, where it is extensive or cannot be controlled with creams only, a systemic treatment, such as pills and phototherapy, is necessary. Psoriasis affects about 2% of adults. It commonly develops in adulthood, but can also be seen in children and adolescents. As might be expected, psoriasis may be physically and emotionally disabling. Growing data suggests that psoriasis patients are at risk of suffering from multiple medical conditions, including mental health disorders (e.g depression) and neurological disorders (e.g migraine). This study, from Israel, aimed to find out whether psoriasis carries a risk of suffering from mental health and neurological disorders, focusing on adolescents, an age group which was previously less studied for these conditions. Data were retrieved from records of recruits evaluated for military service. The study included 1746 and 1366 adolescents (aged 16 to 18) with mild and moderate to severe psoriasis, respectively, and compared them to 884653 healthy adolescents. Differences in the prevalence of the following medical conditions were found between adolescents with moderate to severe psoriasis and healthy adolescents: Overall chronic headaches (8.1% vs. 3.4%), intermediate frequency migraine (4.8% vs. 1.6%), low frequency migraine and non-migraine headaches (3.4% vs. 1.8%), anxiety (2.1% vs. 0.7%) and social adjustment disabilities (7.5% vs. 4.2%). Interestingly, mild psoriasis was not shown to carry a risk for these conditions. The authors conclude that adolescents with psoriasis, especially those with a moderate to severe disease, are at risk of neurological and mental health disorders. The authors call for physicians’ awareness of these conditions, alongside the need for psychological counselling.
Medical abbreviations
Authors: T. O Cheng
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2004)

I wonder whether Barbara Gomes and Irene Higginson, who wrote the excellent editorial on place of death (September 2004 JRSM 1 ), would consider that a poll of RSM Fellows might provide useful data?I have seen only two formal papers, both from the USA, regarding the medical technology health workers would want for themselves at the end of life.One disclosed that the great majority of doctors in North Carolina would refuse cardiopulmonary resuscitation and tube feeding if terminally ill. 2 The other concluded that physicians and nurses who have extensive exposure to hospitals and sick patients are unlikely to wish aggressive treatment if they become terminally ill, demented, or in a persistent vegetative state. 3 I suspect that most British health professionals would be similarly reluctant to have much medical technology applied to them at the end of life, and, by what seems an obvious extension, would rather die at home than in hospital.Personally, if I do not die suddenly, I want to die at home, in very familiar surroundings, with my beloved cat and partner next to me, and with the music of Shirley Bassey as loud as possible.
BOOK REVIEW
Authors: K. M. GENDREAU, M. BIRRER
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1995)

BOOK REVIEW Get access Oncogenes, 2nd Edition Geoffrey M. Cooper . Boston : Jones and Bartlett Publishers , 1995 . 384 pp., illus. ISBN 0-86720-937-2 KELLY M. GENDREAU, KELLY M. GENDREAU Biomarkers and Prevention Branch Division of Clinical Sciences National Cancer InstituteRockville, MD Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar MICHAEL BIRRER MICHAEL BIRRER Biomarkers and Prevention Branch Division of Clinical Sciences National Cancer InstituteRockville, MD Correspondence to : Michael Birrer, M.D., Ph.D., National Institutes of Health, 9610 Medical Center Dr., Rm. 300, Rockviile, MD 20850. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 87, Issue 23, 6 December 1995, Pages 1795–1796, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/87.23.1795 Published: 06 December 1995
Phakomatosis Pigmentokeratotica
Authors: Akiharu Kubo, Daisuke Yamada
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2019)

A 37-year-old man presented to the dermatology clinic with two types of skin lesion. Two types of nevi, both with the same HRAS mutation, were observed in biopsy specimens. A diagnosis of phakomatosis pigmentokeratotica was made.
Abstract P247: Ethnic Differences in Infrarenal Aortic Diameter and Area in a Population-Based Study
Authors: David E Timaran, Eric B Rosero, Adriana J Higuera, Ron Peshock, R James Valentine, Carlos H Timaran
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Objective: Abdominal aortic aneurysms are defined as a 50% or greater increase in infrarenal aortic diameter (IAD). However, normal IAD has not been defined for all ethnic groups as minorities have been underrepresented in most studies. The aim of the study was to assess ethnic differences in IAD and infrarenal aortic area (AoA) adjusting for the effects of age, gender and body size in the general population. Methods: Participants (2,515) in a population based study underwent high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the abdominal aorta. Analyses of variance and multiple regression analyses were used to assess the relationship between race/ethnicity, age, gender and body size and IAD and aortic area. Subjects with AAA detected by MRI (defined as IAD ≥ 3.0 cm) were excluded from the analysis. Results: Decreasing age, female sex, Hispanic ethnicity, and lower height were independent predictors of reduced IAD by multivariate linear regression (all P &lt; 0.001). Of these, female sex and Hispanic ethnicity were the factors more strongly associated with aortic size. Female sex was associated with 0.27 cm reduction in IAD and Hispanic ethnicity with 0.39 cm reduction in IAD. Similarly, decreasing age, female sex, Hispanic ethnicity, and lower height were independent predictors of reduced AoA. Female sex was associated with a 51 cm 2 reduction in AoA and Hispanic ethnicity with 11.1 cm 2 reduction in AoA. Although Hispanics had higher BMI than blacks and whites ( P =.01), and lower height values than blacks and whites (P&lt;.0001), IADs and AoAs were consistently lower among Hispanics. Conclusions: Ethnic differences exist in infrarenal aortic diameter. Despite larger body size, Hispanics have significantly lower IAD than blacks and whites in the general population. The reduced aortic size in Hispanics suggests that the thresholds for abdominal aortic aneurysm diagnosis, rupture and repair may be lower and need to be established.
DDIS-19. CT-179: AN INHIBITOR OF THE OLIG2 TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR WITH POTENT ANTI-TUMOUR ACTIVITY IN BRAIN CANCER
Authors: Terrance Johns, Sameer Greenall, Shengnan Chen, Rodney Stewart, Gordon Alton, Santosh Kesari
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2018)

High Grade Glioma (HGG) is incurable and has a median survival of less than 5% at five years, highlighting a desperate need for new therapeutic strategies. OLIG2 is a basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor that is expressed in neural progenitor cells during embryonic development where it sustains their replication-competent state and regulates their oligodendrocyte and motor neuron multi-lineage potential. In HGG, OLIG2 is re-expressed at high levels and drives an oncogenic program that leads to dysregulation of the cell cycle and subsequent gliomagenesis. This central role for OLIG2 in HGG initiation and growth, along with its low expression in normal tissues, identifies OLIG2 as a target for HGG therapy. We report the characterisation of an orally bioavailable small-molecule OLIG2 inhibitor, CT-179, the first bHLH transcription factor targeting drug developed for the treatment of cancer. The drug is well tolerated and easily penetrates the blood brain barrier, where it reduces brain tumour burden in orthotopic mouse and zebrafish avatar models. Mechanistically, CT-179 displayed nanomolar anti-proliferative activity and induced significant apoptosis mediated through disruption of the cell cycle that resulted in mitotic catastrophe at prometaphase. CT-179 showed enhanced anti-tumour activity in mouse models of HGG when used in combination with standard of care radiotherapy and temozolomide. These studies demonstrate that the pharmacological inhibition of OLIG2 is an effective treatment strategy for HGG that warrants rapid translation into the clinic.
Bassen-Kornzweig Syndrome: Deficiency of Serum β-Lipoprotein
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
<i>Jahresbericht der niederoesterreichischen Landes-Irrenanstallen Wien, Ybbs, Klosterneuberg und Kierling-Gugging, der niederoesterreichischen Landes-Irrenzweiganstalt in Langenlois, sowie der sonstigen Anstalten zur Unterbringung geistesgestoerter niederoesterreichisciter Landes-pfleglinge pro 1895-'96.</i>[Report for 1895-'96 of the Asylums for the Insane and Feeble-Minded of Lower Austria.]
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1897)
THE ROSE-COLORED CRYSTAL BALL
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Drug Interactions: The Death Pen
Authors: Michael S. Gelfand
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —We enjoyed reading the articles by Honig et al,<sup>1</sup>Woosley et al,<sup>2</sup>and the accompanying Editorial by Peck et al<sup>3</sup>in the March 24/31,1993, issue of<i>JAMA</i>. The articles and the Editorial brought to the attention of the practicing physician the cardiotoxic potential of certain antihistamines (terfenadine and astemizole) when combined with the antifungal agents ketoconazole and itraconazole and with macrolide antibiotics. A few days later while visiting a pharmaceutical display in our hospital lounge, we noticed a ballpoint pen being offered to the residents and interns by a representative of Janssen Pharmaceutica Inc. The pen prominently displayed the names Hismanal (astemizole) and Nizoral (ketoconazole). This cost-effective advertising vehicle (reminding physicians of both products with one pen) may, unfortunately, result in simultaneous prescribing of both products, with a potentially lethal drug interaction. To the credit of the company representative, he did point out the
Classification and analysis of fetal deaths in Massachusetts
Authors: E. J. Lammer
Journal: JAMA (1989)

Fetal deaths, in contrast to infant deaths, have been subject to epidemiologic analysis infrequently. We characterized 574 Massachusetts resident fetal deaths from 1982 and assessed the accuracy of cause-of-death information available from vital records compared with that from corresponding fetal autopsies. The fetal death rate exceeded the neonatal mortality rate. Fetal mortality was higher among black, unmarried, and older mothers. Fetuses of multiplegestation pregnancies had an unusually high risk of fetal death. Autopsy reports were obtained for 61% of fetal deaths. The underlying cause of death from the fetal death record differed from that on the autopsy report in 55% of cases. Systematic collection of population-based autopsy data is a useful approach for improving the quality and accuracy of mortality statistics on fetal deaths. Many stillbirths remain unexplained, however, and research is needed to identify pathological markers that might reduce the heterogeneity within the fetal deaths currently ascribed to unknown causes. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1989;261:1757-1762)
Abstract MP082: Sex Hormone Levels and Change in Left Ventricular Structure Among Men and Women With Preserved Ejection Fraction The Multi Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis
Authors: Vinita Subramanya, Di Zhao, Pamela Ouyang, Joao A Lima, Dhanajay Vaidya, Chiadi E Ndumele, David A Bluemke, Eliseo Guallar, Chike C Nwabuo, Matthew A Allison, Susan R Heckbert, Wendy S Post, Erin D Michos
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Background: Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is more common in older women than men. Differences in sex hormone (SH) levels may contribute to sex differences in HFpEF risk. Left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy and concentric remodeling [increased Mass (M): Volume (V) ratio] are risk markers of HFpEF. In a multi-ethnic cohort of men and women with preserved EF, we examined whether SH levels were associated with LV structure. We hypothesized that a more androgenic pattern would predict adverse concentric remodeling in women but not men. Methods: We studied 4279 MESA participants (49% women) aged 45-84 yrs with serum SH levels and cardiac MRI performed at baseline (2000-2002) and baseline EF ≥50%. Among these, 2957 participants underwentMRI at Exam 5 (2010-2012). Stratified by sex, we used linear regression for cross-sectional analyses and mixed model effect methods for longitudinal analyses to test the associations of SH and binding globulin (SHBG) levels [per 1 SD greater log(SH)] with baseline levels and changes in LV mass (LVM), end diastolic volume (LVEDV) and M:V ratio. Models were adjusted for age, ethnicity, center, height, weight, education, physical activity and smoking, and for hormone use and menopause in women. Results: The mean (SD) age was 64 (9) for women and 62 (10) yrs for men. Cross-sectionally, among women, higher Testosterone (T) and Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) levels were associated with greater LVM ( Table ). Among both men and women, higher free T and lower SHBG were associated lower LVEDV and greater M:V ratio. In men, greater estradiol levels were associated with lower LVEDV and greater M:V ratio. After a mean followup of 10 yrs, higher free T and lower SHBG were associated with an increase in LVM in both sexes. Findings were generally consistent after adjustment for possible mediators of these associations such as blood pressure and other CV risk factors. Conclusion: A more androgenic profile of higher free T and lower SHBG is associated with greater increase in LVM over 10 yrs in both men and women.
THE POISON OF RESPIRATION.
Journal: JAMA (1893)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal