tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Factors Affecting Sertoli Cell Function in the Testis
Authors: D. J. Tindall, J. S. Tash, A. R. Means
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1981)

The Sertoli cell is the primary target for FSH action in the mammalian testis. These cells contain the majority of testicular plasma membrane receptors for this hormone. Receptor occupancy is directly correlated with a stimulation of adenylyl cyclase and a decrease in the activity of a cytoplasmic Ca++-sensitive cAMP phosphodiesterase. Regulation of these two enzymes allows increased intracellular accumulation of cAMP, activation of cAMP-dependent protein kinase and phosphorylation of a variety of protein substrates. All of these events occur within the first 30 min following exposure of isolated Sertoli cells to FSH. RNA and protein synthesis are also enhanced by FSH. Previous studies have suggested that this gonadotropin may augment the overall cellular synthesis of proteins. Our results reveal that protein kinase inhibitor (PKI) is selectively elevated by FSH both in vivo and in vitro. PKI thus becomes the initial intracellular protein whose synthesis is under FSH control. In addition to effects on protein synthesis, FSH also positively modulates the secretion of several specific proteins. One of the proteins in this latter category is androgen binding protein (ABP). Again, regulation can be observed both in vivo and in vitro. Elevated synthesis of PKI occurs prior to demonstrable secretion of ABP. Both of these events occur subsequent to the effects of FSH on cAMP metabolism. Indeed cAMP (or any of several nonhydrolyzable derivatives) can substitute for FSH in vitro. The temporal sequence of events subsequent to hormone binding and cAMP production are identical, but occur more rapidly. Together these data support the hypothesis that most of the biochemical steps leading to the synthesis and secretion of proteins by FSH are regulated by elevated levels of cAMP.
Portal hypertension
Authors: Haemorrhage Sutt, Emi Williams, +g Pelleg, +s Tedman, S Jenkns, +r Shields
Journal: Gut (1993)

Intravariceal pressure increases after a Valsalva manoeuvre, an effect that may also occur after coughing.To determine whether coughing may precipitate acute variceal haemorrhage, we have compared the seasonal variation in emergency admissions for bleeding oesophageal varices with that for respiratory tract infection.Monthly figures for emergency admissions relating to acute variceal haemorrhage, all other acute gastrointestinal haemorrhages (ICD 578), all respiratory tract-infections (lCD 465.9, 481488, 519.8, 519.9) and all other emergency admissions were compiled for the Royal Liverpool University Hospital from 1982 to 1991 inclusive.Data relating to varices admissions were obtained from a prospective vaices-datbase-compfled-between 1980 and 1992, whereas all other data were obtained-from the Regional Information Unit.Admissions for winter quarters (Oct-Mar) were compared to those for summer quarters (Apr-Sep).Total admissions for all emergencies (winter vs summer: 78,253 vs 76,321) and all non-variceal-haemorrhage (687 vs 640) showed no significant seasonality, whereas admissions for acute variceal haemorrhage (118 vs 79; Chi square 6.4, 1 df, p<0.02) and respiratory tract infection (2,341 vs 1,630: Chi square 112.7, 1 df, p < 0.001) showed similar predominance in winter months.
Technique for Preserving Moisture in Mycobacterial Cultures in Petri Dishes
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
When the Heart's Electrical System Goes Haywire: The Congenital Long QT Syndrome
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2002)

Summaries for Patients17 December 2002When the Heart's Electrical System Goes Haywire: The Congenital Long QT SyndromeSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-137-12-200212170-00005 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail What is the problem and what is known about it so far?The congenital long QT syndrome (LQT syndrome) is a rare inherited disorder of the heart's electrical system. It prolongs the time that the heart takes to electrically recharge after each heartbeat (known as the QT interval). The disorder is most often first detected during childhood or early adulthood.Most patients never have symptoms of the disorder, but when they occur, symptoms include fainting, irregular heart rhythm, and sudden death; some people who die of the LQT syndrome have had no prior symptoms. In people with symptoms, half have ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: The summary below is from the full report titled “Novel Insights in the Congenital Long QT Syndrome.” It is in the 17 December 2002 issue of Annals of Internal Medicine (volume 138, pages 981-992). The authors are XHT Wehrens, MA Vos, PA Doevendans, and HJJ Wellens.Summaries for Patients are a service provided by Annals to help patients better understand the complicated and often mystifying language of modern medicine.Summaries for Patients are presented for informational purposes only. These summaries are not a substitute for advice from your own medical provider. If you have questions about this material, or need medical advice about your own health or situation, please contact your physician. The summaries may be reproduced for not-for-profit educational purposes only. Any other uses must be approved by the American College of Physicians-American Society of Internal Medicine. Previousarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoNovel Insights in the Congenital Long QT Syndrome Xander H.T. Wehrens , Marc A. Vos , Pieter A. Doevendans , and Hein J.J. Wellens Metrics 17 December 2002Volume 137, Issue 12Page: I-43KeywordsDatabasesDrugsExerciseGeneticsHeartPacemakersPatientsSleepSodiumSyncope ePublished: 17 December 2002 Issue Published: 17 December 2002 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2002 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
The effectiveness of home care for general hospital patients
Authors: J. R. Stone
Journal: JAMA (1968)

A random group of 175 nonindigent patients were placed in home care and the end results of their treatment were compared to those of a balanced control group of 85 patients retained in a general hospital. Follow-up study of patients revealed that end results of care for the two groups of patients were not significantly different regardless of the mode of care. Neither diagnosis nor prognosis made a significant difference in the end results for patients receiving either mode of care, indicating the acceptability of home care as an alternate to continued hospitalization. Patients and physicians strongly preferred home care, and it proved economically feasible for a private medical insurance carrier to provide coverage.
Smile a While
Journal: JAMA (1962)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
THE ORGANISMS OF MALARIA.
Journal: JAMA (1993)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Foreword
Authors: R.A.C. Graham-Brown
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2003)

Journal Article Foreword Get access R.A.C. Graham‐Brown R.A.C. Graham‐Brown Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 149, Issue s64, 1 July 2003, Page iii, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.149.s64.12.x Published: 01 July 2003
Abstract 927: The Role Of Peroxiredoxins As Mechanosensitive Antioxidants In Endothelial Cells
Authors: Amy Mowbray, Sang Won Kang, Sue Goo Rhee, Hanjoong Jo
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Atherosclerosis is an inflammatory disease occurring primarily in curved or branching regions of the arterial tree where disturbed flow patterns, such as oscillation, exist. We have previously shown that oscillatory shear stress (OS) increases reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in endothelial cells, while laminar shear stress (LS) reduces ROS compared to static controls. OS stimulation of ROS has been shown to occur in an NADPH oxidase-dependent manner. However, the mechanism by which LS removes ROS remains unclear. Peroxiredoxins (PRX) are a family of antioxidant proteins that have been linked to the prevention of oxidative stress and inflammation, but their role in atherosclerosis is unknown. Here, we hypothesize that shear stress regulates ROS levels in endothelial cells by controlling antioxidant peroxiredoxins. To test this hypothesis, bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAEC) were subjected to static, laminar, and oscillatory fluid flow conditions via cone-and-plate viscometer. Western blot analysis and immunofluorescent staining were used to evaluate the expression and subcellular localization of six known mammalian peroxiredoxins (PRX I-VI). Immunoblots indicated that BAEC express all six isoforms of peroxiredoxin proteins and that LS upregulated PRX I levels significantly compared to static controls and OS. Immunofluorescence also showed a distinct subcellular localization of each PRX: PRX I, II, IV, V and VI in the cytoplasm, PRX I, IV and V in the Golgi, PRX III in the mitochondria, and PRX I in the nucleus. These results indicate that peroxiredoxins are mechanosensitive antioxidants, removing ROS in a subcellular-specific manner. Based on these data, we suggest that peroxiredoxin antioxidants are likely involved in the molecular mechanisms that control shear stress-dependent atherosclerotic plaque development.
Public Inquiries about Indoor Air Quality in California
Authors: Janet M. Macher, Steven B. Hayward
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1991)

To identify the indoor air quality issues about which Californians most often sought advice from a health department or a public information agency and to evaluate how well these agencies met the public's needs, members of the California Interagency Working Group (IWG) on Indoor Air Quality kept records of inquiries they received over a 30-month period from mid-1985 through 1987. Members of the IWG answered calls from residents of a least 49 of California's 58 counties. IWG members received more public inquiries about residences than about offices, educational institutions, commercial buildings, or medical facilities. However, each call about a residence probably represented fewer people at risk of exposure to a real or a potential problem than did calls about other types of buildings. Homeowners themselves asked the majority of the questions about residences, whereas a large number of the inquiries about office buildings were made, not by affected office workers, but by building managers, contractors, consultants, or company health and safety officers. The leading topics of concern in the residences were asbestos, chemical and biological contamination, and radon. In offices, chemical contamination, the ventilation system, biological contamination, asbestos, and tobacco smoke were the most frequently mentioned sources of problems. Callers often reported experiencing headaches, allergy symptoms, nose or throat irritation, and respiratory tract problems in connection with their complaints. IWG members directed a third of the calls elsewhere, of which half were referred to consultants or testing laboratories. The IWG's experience in the State of California could help other health departments prepare to face the public's increasing concern about indoor air pollution.
Management of early-stage breast cancer: Are we headed in the right direction?
Authors: U. Zurawska, D. A. Baribeau, C. Victor, S. Giilck, A. Florescu, S. Gandhi, S. Verma
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

284 Background: The understanding of breast cancer (BC) as a heterogeneous disease consisting of distinct subtypes based on variation in expression of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) has led to more personalized treatment. We postulated that with increased adoption of chemotherapy and targeted therapy for HER2 positive patients, the outcomes of ER/PR+, HER2- and of HER2+ subtypes of breast cancer would be similar. Methods: A chart review was performed of female patients &gt;18 years old seen by a medical oncologist at an academic cancer centre in Toronto, Canada, between January 1, 2005 and December 31, 2006, for stage I-III invasive breast cancer. Clinical features, 5-year overall (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS) of three BC subtypes were compared: ER/PR+, HER2- (hormone receptor positive, HR), HER2+ (HER2), and ER/PR-, HER2- (triple negative, TN). Results: Of 870 patient charts reviewed, 525 were analysed. There were 341 HR, 101 HER2 and 83 TN patients. TN patients were younger (p&lt;0.001), and had higher stage (p&lt;0.001) and higher histological grade tumors (p&lt;0.001). The 5-year RFS and OS were: HR: 88.2% and 96.6%, HER2: 76.7% and 92%, TN: 79.8% and 83.9%. Chemotherapy was used in 41.1%, 84.2% and 83.1% of HR, HER2 and TN patients. Anthracycline plus taxane regimens were used in 48.6%, 52.9% and 68.1% of HR, HER2 and TN patients, respectively. Among HER2 patients, only 74.3% received trastuzumab. The 5-year RFS and OS for HER2 patients who received trastuzumab were 79.9% and 91.8%, and for those who did not: 69% and 91.6%. Conclusions: HR+ patients have an excellent outcome. Despite significant improvement in outcomes of HER2+ patients with early stage breast cancer, they still remain at higher risk of recurrence along with TN patients. Trastuzumab was underutilized among HER2+ patients in this cohort, which may have contributed to decreased 5 year RFS. Ongoing prospective follow up of early BC outcomes by breast cancer subtypes is important.
Cardiovascular Pharmacology
Authors: Pamela Ouyang
Journal: JAMA (1984)

This book, according to its preface, seeks to provide a "single text containing the basic elements of cardiovascular pharmacology useful to both graduate students and experienced investigators." This is an ambitious goal, particularly when considering the recent explosion of information on calcium-channel blockers, clinical manipulation of the renin-angiotensin system, and the roles of prostacyclin and thromboxane in cardiovascular function. Despite the number and varied background of the authors, all chapters contain a lucid account of the physiological systems involved, the abnormalities produced by pathological processes, and a detailed account of each widely used or investigated drug developed for use in the presence of these abnormalities. An extensive and reasonably current reference list (up to 1981 in most chapters) is provided at the end of each chapter. This book provides a useful and encyclopedic review of the basic background and pharmacology of all systems involved in regulating the cardiovascular system. As
Structure/Function of Cytoplasmic Vitamin A-Binding Proteins
Authors: E. Li
Journal: Annual Review of Nutrition (1996)

Two cytoplasmic retinol-binding proteins, CRBP and CRBP II, and two cytoplasmic retinoic acid-binding proteins, CRABP-I and CRABP-II, have been well characterized. There has been significant progress in the structural analysis of these four proteins with X-ray crystallography, nuclear magnetic resonance, mutagenesis, and binding studies. In contrast, the cellular functions of these cytoplasmic vitamin A-binding proteins are less well understood. Since these proteins bind their respective ligands with high affinity, they are likely to influence retinoid signaling pathways. Analysis of retinoid metabolism in the presence or absence of these proteins provides support for the hypothesis that these proteins are involved in modulating intracellular retinoid metabolism. Molecular genetic approaches to alteration of the levels of these proteins in tissue culture cells and in whole animals have provided a powerful means toward defining the physiological roles of the cytoplasmic vitamin A-binding proteins in vivo.
Life on a Space Ship
Journal: JAMA (2021)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Different prognostic value of cytokeratin-19 mRNA-positive circulating tumor cells according to estrogen receptor status in early breast cancer
Authors: M. Ignatiadis, N. Xenidis, M. Perraki, S. Apostolaki, E. Politaki, M. Kafousi, E. Stathopoulos, C. Sotiriou, V. Georgoulias, D. Mavroudis
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

10500 Background: We have previously shown that the detection of cytokeratin-19 (CK-19) mRNA-positive circulating tumor cells (CTCs) predicts poor clinical outcome in node-negative breast cancer patients. Here, we examined the prognostic value of CK-19 mRNA-positive CTCs in early breast cancer patients focusing on clinically relevant subgroups based on estrogen receptor (ER) status. Methods: We analysed peripheral blood from 448 consecutive patients with stage I-III breast cancer after surgery and before the initiation of any adjuvant treatment for the presence of CK-19 mRNA-positive CTCs using a real-time RT-PCR assay. The effect of CK-19 mRNA-positive CTCs on clinical outcome of patients with ER-positive, ER-negative, and triple-negative (ER/PR/HER2-negative) tumors was investigated. Results: CK-19 mRNA-positive CTCs were detected in 181 (40.4%) of the 448 patients; 109 (41.5%) of 263 patients with ER-positive, 71 (40.6%) of 175 patients with ER-negative and 27 (35%) of 77 patients with triple-negative tumors. There was no significant difference in the proportion of patients with detectable CK-19 mRNA-positive CTCs in the ER-negative and ER-positive subgroups (p=0.856). After a median follow-up of 53 months, patients with CK-19 mRNA-positive CTCs experienced reduced disease-free survival (DFS) (p&lt;0.0005) and overall survival (OS) (p&lt;0.0005); this was mainly observed in patients with ER-negative (p&lt;0.0005 and p&lt;0.0005, respectively) and triple-negative (p=0.008 and p=0.001, respectively) but not with ER-positive (p=0.174 and p=0.364, respectively) tumors. In multivariate analyses, detection of CK-19 mRNA-positive CTCs was the strongest independent prognostic factor associated with reduced DFS and OS in the entire cohort (p&lt;0.0005 and p=0.009, respectively), in ER-negative (p&lt;0.0005 and p=0.003, respectively) and triple-negative (p=0.020 and p=0.022, respectively) but not in ER-positive tumors (p=0.350 and p=0.621, respectively). Conclusions: Detection of CK-19 mRNA-positive CTCs predicts poor clinical outcome at five years follow-up, only in patients with ER-negative and triple-negative, but not with ER-positive, early breast cancer. No significant financial relationships to disclose.