tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
II.<i>La Folie est une or Maladie non de l'Esprit mais du Corps</i>. Par le Dr. Victor Parant, Director-Médicin de la Maison de Santé de Toulouse. Extract<i>de les Memoires de l'Academie des Sciences, etc.</i>: de Toulouse, 1893. (Insanity is a Disorder not of time Mind, but of time Body)
Authors: H. M. B.
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1894)

The symptoms of the specific disorder preceding progressive paralysis are commonly relatively mild. 5.In comparison with syphilis, imereditary predisposition, psychic causes, alcoholic excesses, sexual excesses, and traumatisnm, lmave only a subordinate part in producing paresis.6.Of time different forms of the disorder the maniacal type was most frequent, next the demented, and lastly the melancholic.7. Time prognosis is unfavorable.Time duration of the disease was under four years in 82.9 per cent., and umnder two years in 43.6 per cent.Remissions occur.8.In cases preceded by syphilis there are no symptoms specially characteristic of specific disease.9.No imnprovement was observed from auto-syphilitic treatmmment.10.At the autopsy no appearances of specially specific cimaracter were found.
Section 59.—Loose Bodies
Journal: JAMA (1973)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Surgery
Authors: Claude H. Organ
Journal: JAMA (1991)

Of all the research and clinical accomplishments from our surgical laboratories and hospitals over the last year, we have chosen to concentrate on the molecular biology of cancer, the surgical control of hyperlipidemias, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, fetal surgery, lung transplantation, and laparoscopic surgery. Current efforts in molecular biology are primarily directed at understanding genetic alterations relating to neoplasia, in hopes of improving diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy. For example, the deletion of the Rb gene has been found to be associated with retinoblastoma development, and the nature and function of the protein encoded by the gene have been identified. Colorectal cancer provides an excellent model for current theories of cancer development, which suggest that multiple genetic alterations must occur to allow normal cell transformation to malignancy. Multiple genetic alterations, such as deletions of chromosomes 5, 17, and 18,<sup>1</sup>can be demonstrated in up to 70% of colorectal cancers.<sup>2</sup>These
Pulmonary rehabilitation for patients with COPD during and after an exacerbation-related hospitalisation: back to the future?
Authors: Kevin C. Wilson, Jerry A. Krishnan, Pawel Sliwinski, Gerard J. Criner, Marc Miravitlles, John R. Hurst, Peter M.A. Calverley, Richard K. Albert, David Rigau, Thomy Tonia, Jørgen Vestbo, Alberto Papi, Klaus F. Rabe, Antonio Anzueto, Jadwiga A. Wedzicha
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2018)

We thank M.A. Spruit and colleagues for their questions about our decisions regarding initiating pulmonary rehabilitation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbations. Their main objection is the recommendation against initiating pulmonary rehabilitation during the patient's hospitalisation. We agree that the recommendation was based primarily on the finding of increased mortality (6-min walking test had statistically significant improvement and hospital readmission had non-statistically significant improvement) and that the trial led by Greening et al . [1] contributed 389 out of 415 patients. We further agree that there is uncertainty about whether or not inpatient-initiated pulmonary rehabilitation is associated with increased mortality, particularly since the mortality difference emerged more than 5 months after hospital discharge in the study by Greening et al . [1] and that the per protocol analysis in this study found no difference in mortality among those who actually received pulmonary rehabilitation versus the control group. Guideline recommendation against the initiation of pulmonary rehabilitation during hospitalisation was justified <http://ow.ly/ve2L30hiqop>
Survival after Treatment during Hospitalization for Acute Myocardial Infarction:
Authors: Wayne D. Rosamond, Michael D. Sullivan, Lloyd E. Chambless, Chin-Hua Wang, Lawton S. Cooper, Aaron R. Folsom
Journal: Circulation (2001)

0010 Background: The wealth of data from clinical trials has done as much to diversify standard therapy for acute myocardial infarction (MI) as it has to define it. To better characterize the use of treatments during hospitalization for MI in clinical practice, we analyzed one-year post MI survival in relation to common treatments in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study. Methods: Between 1987 and 1996 potential cases of MI among men and women, ages 35-74 were identified through hospital surveillance in Forsyth Co. NC, Jackson, MS, Minneapolis, MN, and Washington Co. MD. Diagnosis was validated using a standardized algorithm. Information on treatments was obtained from the medical record. Medication use included those given or continued during the hospitalization or prescribed at discharge. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate survival associated with treatments. Results: Of the 15,032 MI events, 34% were female and 18% black. One-year case-fatality of hospitalized MI events ranged from a high of 12% in 1987 to a low of 6.5% in 1994. Between 1987 and 1996, use of thrombolytic therapy (TT) increased from 11% to 16% of patients, beta-blockers (BB) 45% to 66%, and aspirin (AS) 49% to 87%. Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery increased from 13% to 19% and coronary angioplasty (PTCA) from 11% to 26%. After adjusting for age, race, sex, center, history of MI, severity indicators, complications, and the other therapies, AS (hazard ratio (HR) =0.47, 0.40-0.54) and PTCA (HR=0.47, 0.39-0.57) held the strongest association with survival, followed by CABG (HR=0.61, 0.50-0.75), BB (HR=0.62, 0.53-0.72), and TT (HR=0.71, 0.59-0.87). In 1996, the use of PTCA varied by center from 12% to 36% and AS use varied from 79% to 92%. Conclusions: Although not a randomized trial and therefore subject to selection bias, the ARIC data suggest that established treatments may be associated with better MI survival in community practice. Although no other therapy studied was more strongly associated with survival or has fewer contraindications than aspirin, it is underused in some communities.
National Cancer Institute Monograph 34, December 1971
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1972)

Journal Article National Cancer Institute Monograph 34, December 1971 Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 48, Issue 3, March 1972, Page 846, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/48.3.846 Published: 01 March 1972
Visual impairment in a rural Appalachian community. Prevalence and causes
Authors: M. R. Dana
Journal: JAMA (1990)

A population-based survey of 1136 subjects aged 40 years and older was conducted in a rural valley of Kentucky to determine the nature and extent of visual disability in an underserved area of rural America. Data on corrected visual acuity and ocular history, along with demographic, socioeconomic, and health care utilization parameters, were gathered. Those subjects with an acuity below 20/60 in either eye underwent a comprehensive ophthalmologic examination. The prevalence of binocular blindness (acuity worse than 20/400 in the better eye) was 0.44% and of monocular blindness (acuity worse than 20/400 in one eye) was 3.3%, approximately twice the national rates. The chief cause of bilateral visual impairment was macular degeneration among men and cataract among women. Cataract, trauma, and amblyopia were the major causes of monocular visual impairment in both sexes. Risk factor analysis revealed younger age, higher education, active employment, access to a health care facility, and comprehensive health insurance coverage to be inversely associated with visual impairment. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1990;264:2400-2405)
Pulmonary Histoplasmosis
Authors: Gerald L. Baum, Jan Schwarz
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1958)

HISTOPLASMOSIS, a generalized fungous disease that begins in the lungs,1 is world-wide in distribution, but the main endemic area comprises the Mississippi valley of the United States.2 Long and Stearns3 suggested that most persons in the Mississippi valley with pulmonary calcifications seen on x-ray study were negative to tuberculin, and Christie and Peterson4 and Palmer5 demonstrated their positive reaction to histoplasmin. The observations of Furcolow and Brasher6 emphasized the clinical importance of chronic pulmonary histoplasmosis, and the reports of several authors described the dramatic course that the acute pulmonary infection may take.7 8 9 It is the purpose of this paper to . . .
Hospice Care
Authors: Paul Rousseau
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —The letter by Ms Mitchell and colleagues<sup>1</sup>regarding the cost-effectiveness and quality of hospice care was interesting and further supports the philosophy of interdisciplinary care of dying patients. Unfortunately, there are numerous obstacles to effective hospice care, the most prominent involving physician education and participation. Many physicians fail to understand the tenets of hospice care and erroneously presume hospice programs help patients die. Such assumptions are fallacious and warrant dissemination of information regarding this valuable alternative to technologically expensive and often impersonal care of dying patients. Although select treatments may in fact accelerate death, Simpson interprets hospice in a discerning and factual manner: "Hospice doesn't help people die; hospice helps dying people."<sup>2</sup> Patients often desire hospice care when informed of the philosophy and interdisciplinary nature of care. Most patients want to die at home, and hospice affords such an opportunity in a team-oriented environment that
ALBRECHT VON HALLER (1708-1777)
Journal: JAMA (1962)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Viral Hepatitis
Authors: Sydney S. Gellis, Charles A. Janeway
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1948)

RECENT articles concerning infections of the liver by viral agents1 , 2 have reviewed with great detail present-day concepts of such infections. The purpose of the present report is to summarize briefly the studies published during 1947 and the early part of 1948 on infectious hepatitis and homologous serum hepatitis.Owing to the fact that no laboratory animals have been found to be susceptible to hepatitis virus, human volunteers still form the only source of experimental tests designed to furnish additional information regarding the etiologic agent or agents. As a result, modern knowledge of the virus of hepatitis is based on extremely . . .
In War-torn Balkans, US Military Medical Support Nears 2-Year Mark
Journal: JAMA (1994)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
<i>MED12</i> Mutations are Present in The Majority of Uterine Leiomyomas
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2011)

Abstract Major finding: MED12 is mutated in 70% of uterine leiomyomas (fibroids). Impact: The Mediator kinase module is implicated in the genesis of multiple types of neoplasms. Mechanism: Heterozygous MED12 mutations predominantly occur in the expressed X chromosome.
The Question of Declining Sperm Density Revisited: An Analysis of 101 Studies Published 1934-1996
Authors: Shanna H. Swan, Eric P. Elkin, Laura Fenster
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2000)

In 1992 Carlsen et al. reported a significant global decline in sperm density between 1938 and 1990 [Evidence for Decreasing Quality of Semen during Last 50 Years. Br Med J 305:609-613 (1992)]. We subsequently published a reanalysis of the studies included by Carlsen et al. [Swan et al. Have Sperm Densities Declined? A Reanalysis of Global Trend Data. Environ Health Perspect 105:1228-1232 (1997)]. In that analysis we found significant declines in sperm density in the United States and Europe/Australia after controlling for abstinence time, age, percent of men with proven fertility, and specimen collection method. The declines in sperm density in the United States (approximately 1.5%/year) and Europe/Australia (approximately 3%/year) were somewhat greater than the average decline reported by Carlsen et al. (approximately 1%/year). However, we found no decline in sperm density in non-Western countries, for which data were very limited. In the current study, we used similar methods to analyze an expanded set of studies. We added 47 English language studies published in 1934-1996 to those we had analyzed previously. The average decline in sperm count was virtually unchanged from that reported previously by Carlsen et al. (slope = -0.94 vs. -0.93). The slopes in the three geographic groupings were also similar to those we reported earlier. In North America, the slope was somewhat less than the slope we had found for the United States (slope = -0.80; 95% confidence interval (CI), -1.37--0.24). Similarly, the decline in Europe (slope = -2.35; CI, -3.66--1.05) was somewhat less than reported previously. As before, studies from other countries showed no trend (slope = -0.21; CI, -2.30-1.88). These results are consistent with those of Carlsen et al. and our previous results, suggesting that the reported trends are not dependent on the particular studies included by Carlsen et al. and that the observed trends previously reported for 1938-1990 are also seen in data from 1934-1996.
THE YELLOW FEVER ORGANISM.
Journal: JAMA (1903)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
RADIATION HYSTERIA
Authors: Marshall Brucer
Journal: JAMA (1961)

Three waves of professional radiation hysteria have now passed. During the first decade in this century there was a tragic accumulation of damage from a new and largely unknown source of energy, the x-ray. The public hysteria that followed was minimized by the recognition of the diagnostic value of radiation and the (then) overblown applicability of radiotherapy. During the third decade of the 20th century the professional hysteria was not serious; it was more a readjustment to the definition of new units. The public was moved, but not profoundly. There was a depression to worry about and the public recognized that radiation was an economic advantage. During the fourth decade the atom bomb reintroduced nuclear energy as a weapon. The public was told to react to the "ultimate weapon." Even while doom was being prophesied, the public information media were projecting the image. After World War II impossible cures were
Cognitive Behavior Therapy and Paroxetine in the Treatment of Hypochondriasis: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Anja Greeven
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2007)

Objective: This study, to the authors’ knowledge, is the first randomized controlled trial comparing the efficacy of cognitive behavior therapy (CBT), paroxetine, and a placebo (administered in a double blind fashion) in the treatment of hypochondriasis. Method: The authors randomly assigned 112 subjects with hypochondriasis according to DSM-IV criteria to 16 weeks of outpatient treatment with CBT, paroxetine, or a placebo. The main outcome measure was the Whiteley Index. The authors made pretest and posttest assessments and analyzed all outcome measures using a General Linear Model 3×2 repeated measures analysis of variance with Helmert contrasts. The authors considered subjects who scored at least one standard deviation below the mean pretest score on the Whiteley Index as responders. All analyses were conducted on intent-to-treat and completer bases. Results: On the Whiteley Index, Helmert contrasts on the intent-to-treat and completer cohorts revealed that pooled CBT and paroxetine were significantly superior to placebo, but did not differ significantly from each other. The responder analysis on the intent-to-treat cohort and completer cohort, respectively, revealed the following percentages of responders per group: CBT group, 45% and 54%; paroxetine group, 30% and 38%; and placebo group, 14% and 12%. In the intent-to-treat analysis, only CBT differed significantly from the placebo. In the completer analysis, both paroxetine and CBT differed significantly from the placebo. Conclusions: CBT or paroxetine are effective short-term treatment options for subjects with hypochondriasis.
Correction
Journal: BMJ (1961)

I~~~Because of heavn' pressure on our space, corresponidents are asked to keep t'heir letters short.Forgoing Salary Increases SIR,-As I understand the position, the Chancellor of the Exchequer is imposing restraints on increases of salaries and wages in the public sector of the economy in the hope that the example will be followed in the private sector, and that thus the long-term interests of the country as a whole will be safeguarded and enhanced.This raises a moral issue for those sectors of the community, such as hospital consultants and specialists, which have recently received increases of salary.We can of course sit back and congratulate ourselves on the timing of our negotiations.
Phase II Study of Oral Capecitabine in Patients With Advanced or Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Thomas H. Cartwright, Allen Cohn, Jerry A. Varkey, Yin-Miao Chen, Ted P. Szatrowski, John V. Cox, Joseph J. Schulz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2002)

PURPOSE: To determine the safety and efficacy of capecitabine (Xeloda; Roche Laboratories, Nutley, NJ) in patients with metastatic or unresectable, locally advanced pancreatic cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Forty-two patients were treated with oral capecitabine 1,250 mg/m 2 administered twice daily (2,500 mg/m 2 /d) as intermittent therapy in 3-week cycles consisting of 2 weeks of treatment followed by 1 week without treatment. Tumor lesions were assessed by computed tomography scan or physical examination at 6-week intervals (after every two cycles). Adverse events were monitored continuously during treatment and for 28 days after the last dose of study drug. RESULTS: Ten (24%) of 42 patients experienced a clinical benefit response (95% confidence interval [CI], 12.1% to 39.5%) as evidenced by improvement in pain intensity, analgesic consumption, and/or Karnofsky performance status. Three (7.3%) of the 41 patients with measurable disease had an objective response (partial). The median time to objective response was 85 days (range, 47 to 91 days) and duration of response was 208, 260, and 566 days for the three responding patients. One patient with nonmeasurable but assessable disease had improved residual disease with a positive clinical benefit response, for a total of four responses among the 42 assessable patients, for an overall response rate of 9.5% (90% CI, 3.3% to 20.5%). Capecitabine was generally well tolerated. CONCLUSION: Treatment with capecitabine resulted in clinically significant beneficial effects on tumor-related symptoms and yielded objective response activity in patients with metastatic or locally advanced pancreatic cancer. These results together with its generally tolerable safety profile and the added advantage of oral administration provide the basis for further evaluating capecitabine as a single agent or in combination with other treatment modalities in this patient population.