tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Erratum
Authors: Andrew Saxon, Robert Wålinder, Dan Norbäck, Gunilla Wieslander, Lena Ernstgård, Gunnar Johanson, Robert Peterson, Martha Harnly, Robert Mclaughlin, Robert Gunier, Asa Bradman, Meredith Anderson, Jörg Oehlmann, Ulrike Schulte-Oehlmann, Matthias Oetken, Johann Wolfgang, Jean Bachmann, Ilka Lutz, Werner Kloas, Thomas Ternes
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2006)
Assessing for abuse during pregnancy. Severity and frequency of injuries and associated entry into prenatal care
Authors: J McFarlane, B Parker, K Soeken, L Bullock
Journal: JAMA (1992)

To assess the occurrence, frequency, and severity of physical abuse during pregnancy and associated initiation of prenatal care.Stratified, prospective cohort analysis.Public prenatal clinics in Houston, Tex, and Baltimore, Md.Total population-based sample of 691 black, Hispanic, and white pregnant women. All of the women were urban residents and most of the Hispanic women were Mexican American. All participants were invited into the study at the first prenatal visit and were followed up until delivery.Identification of abuse status.A three-question Abuse Assessment Screen detected a 17% (1/6) prevalence of physical or sexual abuse during pregnancy, which is more than double all previous published reports. When evaluated against nationally tested research instruments, the three-question screen that was asked at the first prenatal visit was sensitive and specific to abuse status. Abuse was recurrent, with 60% of abused women reporting two or more episodes of assault. Location of abuse focused on the head. Frequency and severity of abuse and potential danger of homicide was appreciably worse for white women. Abused women were twice as likely as nonabused women to begin prenatal care during the third trimester.A simple clinical assessment screen completed by the health care provider in a private setting and with the male partner absent is as effective as research instruments in identifying abused women. Straightforward, routine clinical assessment is recommended as essential in preventing potential trauma, interrupting existing abuse, and protecting health.
Missing Funding Information
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2018)

Rachel Saunders-Pullman, MD, MPH; Anat Mirelman, PhD; Roy N. Alcalay, MD, MS; Cuiling Wang, PhD; Roberto A. Ortega, MS; Deborah Raymond, MS; Helen Mejia-Santana, MS; Martha Orbe-Reilly, MD; Brooke A. Johannes, MS; Avner Thaler, MD; Laurie Ozelius, PhD; Avi Orr-Urtreger, MD, PhD; Karen S. Marder, MD, MPH; Nir Giladi, MD; Susan B. Bressman, MD; for the LRRK2 Ashkenazi Jewish Consortium
Correlation of molecular alterations with efficacy of everolimus in hormone receptor–positive, HER2-negative advanced breast cancer: Results from BOLERO-2.
Authors: Gabriel N. Hortobagyi, Martine J. Piccart-Gebhart, Hope S. Rugo, Howard A. Burris, Mario Campone, Shinzaburo Noguchi, Alejandra T. Perez, Ines Deleu, Mikhail Shtivelband, Louise Provencher, Norikazu Masuda, Shaker R. Dakhil, Ian Anderson, David Chen, Amy Damask, Alan Huang, Robert McDonald, Tanya Taran, Tarek Sahmoud, José Baselga
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

LBA509 Background: Everolimus (EVE) plus exemestane (EXE) more than doubled progression-free survival (PFS) while maintaining quality of life vs EXE alone in postmenopausal women with hormone-receptor positive (HR + ), HER2-negative (HER2 - ) advanced breast cancer (BOLERO-2 phase III; NCT00863655). PFS benefit was seen in all clinically defined subgroups. We evaluated genetic variations of a broad panel of cancer-related genes and explored their correlations with EVE benefit. Methods: Exon sequence and gene copy number variations were analyzed in 182 cancer-related genes by next-generation sequencing (NGS). Correlations with PFS were evaluated using both univariate and multivariate Cox models. Results: NGS data (&gt;250x coverage) were successfully generated from archival tumor specimens from 227 patients (NGS population, 157 and 70 in EVE+EXE and EXE arms, respectively) whose baseline characteristics and clinical outcome were comparable with the trial population (PFS HR = 0.40 and 0.45, respectively). The treatment benefit of EVE+EXE over EXE is maintained in the subgroups defined by each of the nine genes with a mutation rate &gt;10% (eg, PIK3CA, FGFR1, and CCND1), or when less frequently mutated genes (eg, PTEN, AKT1) were included in their respective pathways. Patients with no or only 1 genetic alteration in PI3K or FGFR pathways, or CCND1, had a greater treatment effect from EVE (HR = 0.27, 95% CI 0.18-0.41, adjusted by covariates, in 76% of the NGS population), indicating the value of these pathways for predicting sensitivity/resistance to EVE in this setting. Conclusions: This is the first global registration trial in which efficacy-predictive biomarkers were explored by correlating broad genetic variations with clinical efficacy. It demonstrated the feasibility of applying large-scale NGS and subsequent correlative analysis to such trials. The observations suggest that a large subgroup of patients (76%), defined by minimal genetic variations in the PI3K or FGFR pathways, or CCND1, derives the most benefit from EVE therapy (HR = 0.27 vs 0.40 for the full NGS population). These exploratory results and their implication in understanding the interplay of multiple pathways in tumor cells and testing new hypotheses for targeted combination therapies in HR + /HER2 - BC will be further investigated. Clinical trial information: NCT00863655.
Results of a second-opinion program for coronary artery bypass graft surgery
Authors: T. B. Graboys
Journal: JAMA (1987)

Second opinions for surgical procedures are now being sought by patients or are required by insurance carriers. We examined outcomes among 88 patients (76 men; average age, 59 years) referred for a second opinion as to the need for coronary artery bypass graft surgery. All patients had undergone coronary arteriography, which disclosed in 63 (72%) multivessel coronary artery disease, while in the remaining 25 patients single-vessel disease involved the left anterior descending coronary artery. Continuation of medical therapy was recommended for 74 (84%) of the 88 patients. Sixty of these 74 patients chose this option and continued to receive medical therapy without any fatalities during a follow-up period of 27.8 months. The remaining 14 patients elected to cross over to surgical therapy at an average of 11.3 months from the second opinion. We conclude that second opinions for selected, motivated patients slated for coronary artery bypass graft operation afford a significant and safe option. Moreover, a majority of patients will adhere to a second opinion recommending medical therapy, thus reducing the need for surgical intervention by as much as 50%. Since the study was based on a small sample size of self-selected patients, these data require caution in extrapolating to the general population with coronary artery disease. (<i>JAMA</i>1987;258:1611-1614)
A phase I trial of TRC102 (methoxyamine HCl) with temozolomide (TMZ) in patients with solid tumors and lymphomas.
Authors: Robert S. Meehan, Geraldine Helen O'Sullivan Coyne, Shivaani Kummar, Jerry M. Collins, Larry Anderson, Jennifer Zlott, Lamin Juwara, Naoko Takebe, Richard Piekarz, Howard Streicher, Elad Sharon, Barbara A. Conley, Larry Rubinstein, Deborah Wilsker, Angie B Dull, Katherine V. Ferry-Galow, Robert J. Kinders, Ralph E. Parchment, James H. Doroshow, Alice P. Chen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

2518 Background: TRC102 inhibits BER by binding to abasic sites and acting as a topo II poison to cause DNA strand breaks; it potentiates the activity of alkylating agents including TMZ in murine models. In xenograft studies, TRC102 efficiently enhanced the antitumor effect of TMZ regardless of cell line genetic characteristics, e.g., O 6 -methylguanine DNA-methyltransferase, mismatch repair (MMR), or p53 status. This is the first report for the expansion phase (the escalation phase was reported previously (ASCO2016)). Methods: We conducted a phase 1 trial of TRC102with TMZ in patients (pts) with refractory solid tumors. Eligibility criteria included adults that had progressed on standard therapy, ECOG PS of 0-2, and adequate organ function. TRC102 and TMZ were given orally days 1-5, in 28-day cycles. The pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile of TRC102 with TMZ was evaluated. Antitumor responses were determined using RECIST 1.1 criteria. The DNA damage response (DDR) markers γH2Ax, pNbs1, and Rad51 were evaluated in the expansion cohort at DL6, tested by previously described methods on paired tumor biopsies prior to and after the first course of therapy. Results: After the recommended Phase 2 Dose was defined as DL6 (TRC102 125mg, TMZ 150mg/m 2 D1-5), 15 pts were accrued to the expansion cohort between 9/2015 to 11/2016. A total of 52 pts were enrolled (37 escalation, 15 expansion). Grade 3/4 adverse events included neutropenia (13%), anemia (the DLT;10%), thrombocytopenia (7%), hemolysis (5%) or hypophosphatemia (3%). 4 pts had a partial response (PR) (NSCLC, ovarian (2), and colon); 13 pts had stable disease (SD), 29 progressive disease (PD), and 6 were not evaluable; three pts remain on study. 11/14 paired biopsies were suitable for analysis. Rad51 signal was induced in 6/11pts. One patient showed γH2Ax and 2 showed pNbs1 induction. 4/5 colon cancer specimens had evidence of DDR marker induction. Conclusions: The combination of TRC 102/TMZ is active with 4 PRs and 13 SDs, and the side effect profile is manageable. DDR markers were induced in 4 of 5 paired colon biopsies indicating DNA damage following treatment. A phase 2 trial of patients with colon cancer, NSCLC, and granulosa cell ovarian cancer is accruing. Clinical trial information: NCT01851369.
John H. O'Shea
Journal: JAMA (1942)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
COPD guidelines
Authors: E F BOWEN, C F J RAYNER;, M G PEARSON
Journal: Thorax (1999)

Venous aneurysm of the azygos arch is a very rare cause of mediastinal mass and is usually an incidental finding on chest radiography.Nowadays the diagnosis is made by non-invasive tests such as thoracic CT scanning and/or magnetic resonance imaging.The case is described of an asymptomatic woman in whom a mediastinal mass due to an azygos vein aneurysm was diagnosed by non-invasive procedures, the aetiology of which, in all probability, was idiopathic.
Pickwickian syndrome? The Dickens!
Authors: S. Vaisrub
Journal: JAMA (1978)

The link between Charles Dickens and the syndrome that relates to one of his characters was first mentioned 60 years ago by William Osier, MD, who noted that "a remarkable phenomenon associated with excessive fat in young persons is an uncontrollable tendency to sleep—like the fat boy in Pickwick." The Dickensian connection, which was missed or ignored by Auchincloss et al<sup>1</sup>who first described a typical case, was picked up by Burwell et al<sup>2</sup>in 1956 when they labeled the syndrome Pickwickian. They ascribed the somnolence, cyanosis, polycythemia, alveolar hypoventilation, and right ventricular failure, which characterize the syndrome, to obesity with its attendant increase in the work of breathing. As is often the case with eponymous syndromes, the monolithic structure of the Pickwickian syndrome soon began to crack. Gastaut et al<sup>3</sup>(1965) split off a syndrome that does not conform to type. Its genesis is not in
Traumatic deidealization and the future of medicine
Authors: J. Kay
Journal: JAMA (1990)

The articles in this issue ofThe Journalon medical student abuse by Silver and Glicken<sup>1</sup>and Sheehan et al<sup>2</sup>are provocative and disturbing. While neither study is perfect methodologically, the fact that each reported that a majority of their student subjects experienced episodes of mistreatment and insensitivity from their teachers warrants careful examination. Particularly disturbing is that both the studies indicate that two thirds of abusive experiences were of significant intensity to have created emotional vulnerability in the students. Thus, these studies did not assess minor student irritations, frustrations, misunderstandings, or disappointments, and the seriousness of the abusive practices is dramatized in the findings of Sheehan et al of multiple instances of sexual harassment of women and racial prejudice against minorities. For many years, medical educators and researchers have struggled with so-called medical student cynicism—those well-known attitudinal changes of deflation, pessimism, and loss of humanitarianism and enthusiasm
Effect of deoxycholate on immunoglobulin G concentration in bile: Studies in humans and pigs
Authors: Juan R. Sanabria, Aravinda Upadhya, Brendan Mullen, Robert P. C. Harvey, Steven M. Strasberg
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

Because an increase in biliary deoxycholate levels seems to be a risk factor for cholesterol gallstone formation, we determined the relationship between deoxycholate levels and levels of the pronucleating protein, immunoglobulin G (Ig) in human gallbladder bile. Patients with cholesterol gallstones had a higher concentration of biliary IgG compared with a pigmented stone group and control patients. This was associated with the simultaneous presence of two conditions in the cholesterol stone group, supersaturated bile and a high deoxycholate/cholate ratio. The other patient groups met only one of the two conditions. Next, animal studies were performed to determine if model biles mimicking the two conditions could affect IgG secretion by the gallbladder. Gallbladders were exposed in vivo and then in an Ussing chamber to model biles. The voltage clamp technique was used to monitor functional integrity of the preparation. Three different model biles were tested: (1) taurodeoxycholate (TDC), 80%; taurocholate (TC), 20%; and cholesterol saturation index (CSI), 1.2; (2) TDC, 20%; TC, 80%; and CSI, 1.2; and (3) TDC, 80%; TC, 20%; and CSI, 0.6. IgG concentrations became significantly higher in group 1 than in the other two groups. The concentration of mucous glycoprotein was also significantly greater in group 1 when compared with group 2. Plasma cells were increased in number in mucosal and submucosal layers in group 1. We conclude that cholesterol supersaturated model bile with high content of TDC induces gallbladder epithelial alterations, which increase the luminal concentration of IgG and mucous glycoprotein. (Hepatology 1995;21:215-222).
PIT BURIALS IN LONDON.
Journal: JAMA (1893)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Surviving the fall
Authors: Peter A Selwyn
Journal: The Lancet (1998)

Although it is a challenge, I am trying not to take personally Robert Lipstyte's harsh and dismissive review (July 11, p 155)1Lipstyte R Trying the patient's patience.Lancet. 1998; 352: 155-156Summary Full Text Full Text PDF Google Scholar of my book Surviving the Fall. I just wanted him to know that there are, in fact, doctors in the world who are neither hucksters nor opportunists, and that what I attempted to do in my book was to share the story of how working with patients as a physician led me also to see the need to understand myself and my own history. This position is neither exploitation nor voyeurism, but rather what I would call solidarity: the shared humanity between patient and physician that I believe is the true source of empathy. It is ironic, to me, at least, that Lipstyte, someone who has written eloquently from the perspective of a patient, well aware of the hubris and insensitivity of many physicians, should take such offence when a doctor tries to explore his own vulnerabilities, losses, and pain. I wrote this book because I wanted to tell a story, not only to honour my patients and their memory but also to show the importance for physicians to heal their own wounds if they would hope to be effective caregivers. I resent the implication that I was in some way exploiting my patients, far from it; I had committed my life to caring for people with AIDS when it was roughly equivalent in the popular imagination to the Plague, long before it became fashionable. I am not looking for a medal or a pat on the back for being so noble—I simply did the best I could in the circumstances in which I found myself. The implication that I had some self-serving ulterior motive is unfair and hurtful. Rather, I became aware through this work of the need to examine my own unresolved grief over my father's suicide, in order to be more present as I accompanied my patients through their illness. I don't think this makes me a "flawed doctor"; I think it makes me a human being. It has been rewarding for me to receive cards, letters, and other messages from patients who have thanked me for letting them see that doctors are human too, and from physicians who have found that the story prompted them to look at the relation between their own emotional "unfinished business" and their work as caregivers. In his closing, Lipstyte claims that my book might have been a "welcome addition" if I had chosen to write a "real book". I have no pretence of being a professional writer, but I know that this book is as close to being real as anything I have ever done, and that I put into it my heart, my pain, my life, and my very personal history of loss and recovery, in ways that are much more self-revelatory than anything within the usual discourse and practice of medicine. All of this history, I believe, has made me a better physician. I am sorry that Lipstyte was unable to see this-and, sadly, I am uncertain whether this reflects his failure or my own.
Monocyte/macrophage lineage cells contribute to neointimal cellular mass after coronary artery injury and repair Antonio Bayes-Genis, Julie H. Campbell, Giulio Gabbiani, Paula J. Carlson, Paul C. Keelan, Debra A. Lewis, David R. Holmes, Jr., Robert S. Schwartz. Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Knockout Mice
Authors: Joseph A. Majzoub, Louis J. Muglia
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1996)

The ability to remove or alter with precision a single one of the thousands of genes in the body and to transmit this mutation to all subsequent progeny was a science-fiction dream only a few years ago. But today this technique is part of a routine procedure for creating animal models that can be used to study the pathophysiology and therapy of diseases in humans.In general, mutations that cause a gain of function produce disease even when they occur in only one of a gene's two alleles; for example, the oncogenic mutations that cause abnormal cell proliferation. In a . . .
Preface
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1993)

The first volume focuses on biomarkers of susceptibility and includes papers on a) the relationship of molecular, chromo- somal, and cellular susceptibility markers and the multistage carcinogenesis process in humans; and b) the role of genetic poly- morphism of xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes in cancer susceptibility.The second volume describes a) recent progress in biomonitoring techniques and molecular dosimetry approaches and their application to various populations exposed to carcinogens; and b) issues and implications for using biomarkers in cancer epidemiology and risk assessment.Interest is increasing in organizing multidisciplinary meetings that bring together experimental oncologists, cancer epidemiologists, geneticists, and clinicians to explore the potential of in- tegrated laboratory and field studies.Although one of the first
Serum alkaline phosphatase and rickets.
Authors: T C Stamp, J M Round
Journal: BMJ (1973)

Epidemic Keratoconjuctivitis SIR,-We are interested to read the account by Dr. D. L. Barnard and others (21 April, p. 165) of the outbreak in Bristol of keratoconjunctivitis caused by adenovirus type 8. Similar outbreaks occurred in the Clyde valley in 1956, 1967, and 1971.1-3Because of the importance of this disease as a cause of disability and occasional reduction in visual acuity, an attempt has been made to accumulate data in the Glasgow area during the interepidemic periods to determine whether the virus smouldered inconspicuously among industrial populations or among patients attending ophthalmic clinics or whether, as in Japan,4 the reservoir of infection was in children in whom the disease was unremarkable.To try and solve this problem virological surveillance of a sample of patients attending ophthalmic clinics with conjunctivitis and keratoconjunctivitis has been continued in Glasgow since the 1967 episode subsided.However, from over 1,000 conjunctival scrapings examined, only five isolations of adenovirus type 8 were found in 1968-they were obtained from members of a typical industrial group5-and no further isolations were made until the latest outbreak in 1971.Thus this continued six-year virus surveil- lance provides no clue as to the whereaibouts of adenovirus type 8 during the inter- epidemic period, but is compatible with the virus being periodically imported from other areas or countries-for example, by seamen, transport drivers, or other travellers.During the 1971 outbreak, in contrast to the findings in Bristol, there was very little family spread in Glasgow.In a survey of 584 family contacts of the 200 patients in- volved secondary spread occurred in only 14 contacts.It is likely that this was due to the strong propaganda measures (for example, to use separate towels, etc.) which were instituted at the start of the outbreak.It may be added that, though it should have been detectable by our methods, we encountered no case of picornaviral acute haemorrhagic conjunctivitis.6-Weare, etc.,