tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract MP82: Body Mass Index and Mortality in Chinese Adults with Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Noel T Mueller, Andrew O Odegaard, Woon-Puay Koh, Myron D Gross, Jian-Min Yuan, Mark A Pereira
Journal: Circulation (2013)

In Western populations normal weight adults at the time of incident type 2 diabetes (T2D) diagnosis have been reported to have higher mortality risk than overweight/obese adults. However, little investigation of this topic has occurred in Asian populations who tend to have relatively low body mass index (BMI = kg/m2) yet high rates of T2D. We investigated the association between BMI, reported prior to diagnosis of T2D, and mortality risk among a cohort of Chinese adults with T2D.We used data from the Singapore Chinese Health Study, including Chinese men and women aged 45-74 years of age, free of cancer, heart disease, stroke, and T2D at baseline (1993-1998), and followed for mortality through 2011. A total of 4,288 participants, contributing 57,220 person-years of follow-up, reported physician diagnosed incident T2D at two follow up interviews and reported height and weight at the previous interview, an average of 4.4 years prior to T2D diagnosis. Participants were classified according to WHO Asian-specific definitions as underweight (BMI &lt;18.5), normal weight (18.5-23.49), overweight (23.5-27.49), and obese (≥ 27.5).During an average follow-up of 13.3 years, 470 of the 4,288 participants died: 159 from cardiovascular (CVD) causes and 311 from other causes. After adjustment for demographics, smoking status and alcohol consumption, there were no statistically significant differences in mortality rates across the BMI categories. However, the BMI-mortality association varied markedly by age. Among those who were ≤65 years of age, obesity, compared to normal weight, carried an increased risk of total mortality by 41% (4% to 92%) and of CVD mortality by 56% (-9% to 166%). However, among those &gt;65 years of age we observed no association between BMI and mortality risk. Among Singaporean Chinese adults with type 2 diabetes, being obese prior to diagnosis was associated with increased risk of death in those who were ≤65 years of age, whereas among those &gt;65 years there was no clear association between BMI and risk of mortality.
Inhibition of oxidative iron-catalyzed reactions restores the matching between myocardial oxygen demand and coronary blood flow in type 2 diabetic patients with normal coronary arteries Alain Nitenberg, S�verine Ledoux, Paul Valensi, Isabelle Antony. H�pital Louis Mourier, Colombies, France, CHU Xavier Bichat, Paris, France
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
The Duties of Ohio Public Health Commissioners.
Journal: JAMA (1933)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Journal of National Cancer Institute, Washington
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Long-term Cardiovascular Outcomes Among Endometrial Cancer Survivors in a Large, Population-Based Cohort Study
Authors: Sean Soisson, Patricia A Ganz, David Gaffney, Kerry Rowe, John Snyder, Yuan Wan, Vikrant Deshmukh, Mike Newman, Alison Fraser, Ken Smith, Kimberly Herget, Heidi A Hanson, Yelena P Wu, Joseph Stanford, Ali Al-Sarray, Theresa L Werner, Veronica W Setiawan, Mia Hashibe
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2018)

Endometrial cancer is the second most common cancer among female cancer survivors in the United States. Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death among endometrial cancer survivors. Studies that examine long-term cardiovascular outcomes among endometrial cancer survivors are critical. Cohorts of 2648 endometrial cancer survivors diagnosed between 1997 and 2012 and 10 503 age-matched women from the general population were identified. Cardiovascular disease diagnoses were identified from electronic medical records and statewide ambulatory surgery and statewide inpatient data. Cox regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) at one to five years, more than five to 10 years, and more than 10 years after cancer diagnosis. Between one and five years after diagnosis, increased cardiovascular risks among endometrial cancer survivors were observed for phlebitis, thrombophlebitis, and thromboembolism (HR = 2.07, 99% confidence interval [CI] = 1.57 to 2.72), pulmonary heart disease (HR = 1.74, 99% CI = 1.26 to 2.40), and atrial fibrillation (HR = 1.50, 99% CI = 1.07 to 2.11). At more than five to 10 years, some elevated risk persisted for cardiovascular diseases. Compared with patients who had surgery, patients who additionally had radiation therapy and/or chemotherapy were at increased risk for heart and circulatory system disorders between one and five years after cancer diagnosis. Older age and obesity were also risk factors for hypertension and heart disease among endometrial cancer survivors. Endometrial cancer survivors are at higher risk for various adverse long-term cardiovascular outcomes compared with women from the general population. This study suggests that increased monitoring for cardiovascular diseases may be necessary for endometrial cancer patients for 10 years after cancer diagnosis.
<i>Nervous Affections Following Injury. “Concussion of the Spine,” “Railway Spine,” and “Railway Brain.”</i> By Prilip Coombs Knapp, A. M., M. D. Reprinted from tue Boston Medical and Surgical Journal of November 1 and 8, 1888. Cupples and Hurd, Boston, 1888
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1889)
Abstract 2943: Severe hepatotoxicity of mithramycin therapy caused by altering expression of hepatocellular bile transporters
Authors: Tristan M. Sissung, Phoebe A. Huang, Ralph Hauke, Edel McCrea, Cody J. Peer, Roberto H. Barbier, Jonathan D. Strope, Ariel M. Ley, Mary Zhang, Julie A. Hong, David Venzon, Jonathan P. Jackson, Kenneth R. Brouwer, Patrick Grohar, John Glod, Brigitte C. Widemann, Theo Heller, David S. Schrump, William D. Figg
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Mithramycin has shown significant preclinical anticancer activity, but its therapeutic dose is limited by the development of hepatotoxicity that remains poorly characterized. A pharmacogenomics characterization of mithramycin-induced transaminitis revealed that hepatotoxicity is associated with inter-individual variation in genes involved in bile disposition: ABCB4(MDR3) rs2302387 and ABCB11(BSEP) rs4668115 variants reduce transporter expression (P&amp;lt;0.05) and were associated with ≥Grade 3 liver function test (LFT) elevations developing 24 hours after the third infusion of mithramycin (25mcg/kg, 6hr/infusion, qdx7, every 28 days;P&amp;lt;0.0040). A similar relationship was observed in a pediatric cohort genotyped for ABCB11. We therefore undertook to characterize the mechanism of mithramycin-induced acute transaminitis. As mithramycin affects cellular response to bile acid treatment by altering the expression of multiple bile transporters (e.g., ABCB4, ABCB11, NTCP, OSTα/β) in several cell lines (Huh7, HepaRG, HepaRG BSEP (-/-)) and primary human hepatocytes, we hypothesized that mithramycin inhibited bile-mediated activation of the farnesoid X receptor (FXR). FXR was downregulated in all hepatocyte cell lines and primary human hepatocytes (P&amp;lt;0.0001), and mithramycin inhibited CDCA- and GW4046-induced FXR-GAL4 luciferase reporter activity (P&amp;lt;0.001). Mithramycin promoted GCDC-induced cytotoxicity in cells lacking the BSEP transporter and increased the overall intracellular concentration of bile acids in primary human hepatocytes grown in sandwich culture (P&amp;lt;0.01). Mithramycin is an FXR expression and FXR transactivation inhibitor that inhibits bile flow and potentiates bile-induced cellular toxicity, particularly in cells with low BSEP function. These results suggest that mithramycin causes hepatotoxicity through derangement of bile acid disposition; results also suggest that pharmacogenomic markers may be useful to identify patients who may tolerate higher mithramycin doses. Citation Format: Tristan M. Sissung, Phoebe A. Huang, Ralph Hauke, Edel McCrea, Cody J. Peer, Roberto H. Barbier, Jonathan D. Strope, Ariel M. Ley, Mary Zhang, Julie A. Hong, David Venzon, Jonathan P. Jackson, Kenneth R. Brouwer, Patrick Grohar, John Glod, Brigitte C. Widemann, Theo Heller, David S. Schrump, William D. Figg. Severe hepatotoxicity of mithramycin therapy caused by altering expression of hepatocellular bile transporters [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 2943.
BERLIN LETTER.
Authors: None H. R. B.
Journal: JAMA (1885)

Berlin, Dec. 1, 1884. <h3>The Treatment of Syphilis by Massage—Pellaterine in the Treatment of Tapeworm—Professional Notes.</h3> —For pay patients in his private hospital Dr. Lassar has inaugurated a routine treatment in all cases of syphilis. In his poli-klinik the poor people receive much the same attention, only in a less elaborate way, and specific medication is given by hypodermic injections of the mercuric bi-chloride. The well-to-do case of specific disease is first put into a tub of water as hot as it can be tolerated. A strong nurse then gives him massage in the tub, and out of the water unguentum hydrargyri is rubbed in. The patient is then put into a sweat bed, and hot teas or pilocarpin administered. Then iodide of potassium and sarsaparilla tea, the latter to keep the skin active, Dr. Lassar's theory of massage being, to render the lymphatic system more active in expelling the
Abstract 1: Statewide Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Survival Improves after Widespread Implementation of Cardiocerebral Resuscitation
Authors: Bentley J Bobrow, Tyler F Vadeboncoeur, Lani Clark, Vatsal Chikani, Gordon Ewy, Arthur B Sanders
Journal: Circulation (2007)

OBJECTIVE : To evaluate the impact of cardiocerebral resuscitation (CCR), an alternative emergency medical services (EMS) protocol, on out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OOHCA) survival in the state of Arizona. CCR, emphasizes 200 preshock chest compressions, a single defibrillator shock (when indicated) followed immediately by 200 postshock chest compressions, early intravenous epinephrine and delayed endotracheal intubation. METHODS : The Save Hearts in Arizona Registry and Education (SHARE) program collected Utstein style data from 38 different fire departments (FDs) servicing approximately 70% of Arizona’s population. 2671 consecutive OOHCAs, of which 1847 were adult and presumed cardiac etiology were enrolled between October, 2004 and December, 2006. The CCR protocol was implemented in 11/38 (29%) FDs and the remaining FDs 27/38 (72%) utilized standard ACLS. The primary end-point was survival to hospital discharge of all cardiac arrests and for the subgroup with witnessed arrest and ventricular fibrillation (VF) on EMS arrival. Outcomes were obtained from the Office of Vital Statistics as well as local hospitals and were compared using chi square testing; alpha = 0.05. RESULTS: 457/1847 (24.7%) patients were treated by CCR FDs and 1390/1847 (75.3%) were treated by ACLS FDs. Overall survival in the CCR group was significantly better than in the ACLS group (9.2% (42/457) vs. 3.5% (49/1390), p &lt; 0.001). Similarly, survival for witnessed VF arrests was significantly better in the CCR group than the ACLS group (29.3% (29/99) vs. 11.1% (30/271), p &lt; 0.001). Odds ratios were adjusted for age, gender, location, bystander CPR performed, % witnessed, % VF and EMS dispatch to arrival time. The odds of overall survival was 2.7 times higher in the CCR group compared to the overall ACLS group (95% CI 1.7,4.4), and 3.0 times higher in the CCR subgroup of witnessed VF (95% CI 1.6,5.6). CONCLUSION: Survival of patients with OOHCA in Arizona was significantly better in fire departments utilizing the cardiocerebral resuscitation protocol than in fire departments utilizing ACLS. Implementing the cardiocerebral resuscitation protocol on a large scale is feasible and saves lives.
Clonidine Confused With `Clonopin'
Authors: Michael J. W. Brennan
Journal: JAMA (1984)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> During the course of an evaluation for abdominal pain and nausea, a 30-year-old woman was referred to the neurology service for an opinion on her complex partial seizures. Four months before, Clonopin (clonazepam), 1 mg three times per day, had been added to her seizure treatment regimen, which included phenobarbital, carbamazepine, and valproic acid. Shortly thereafter, she began to experience bouts of abdominal discomfort and nausea, together with palpitations, flushing, and dizziness on standing from a sitting or lying position. Examination of her medications showed that she was taking clonidine instead of Clonopin. She stated that the pharmacist had assured her that this was the "generic" form of the drug and cheaper. The complaints subsided once the appropriate substitution was made. More recently, a 35-year-old man called complaining of nausea and dizziness since starting therapy with Clonopin, 0.5-mg tablets, a half-tablet three times daily, which we prescribed
Hypergammaglobulinemic renal tubular acidosis. Association with Takayasu arteritis
Authors: T. Fujita
Journal: JAMA (1975)

DURING the last ten years, several cases of concomitant hypergammaglobulinemia and renal tubular acidosis have been reported<sup>1-3</sup>; this combination appears to be more than coincidental. Several lines of evidence, however, suggest that renal tubular acidosis is not caused by hypergammaglobulinemia itself, but that it can be a functional expression of renal changes caused by a more general autoimmune disorder. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 40-year-old woman was hospitalized for severe muscle weakness. The left axillary and radial pulses were absent. The serum potassium level was 1.9 mEq/liter; chloride, 120 mEq/liter; carbon dioxide, 13 mEq/liter; and protein, 8.6 gm/100 ml (albumin, 4.6 gm/100 ml; gamma globulin, 2.2 gm/100 ml). Serum protein electrophoresis showed a generalized increase in immunoglobulin levels. The 24-hour endogenous creatinine clearance was 42 ml/min/1.48 sq m of body-surface area. Serologic tests showed that C-reactive protein, rheumatoid factor, antinuclear antibody, and antiaorta antibody<sup>4</sup>were present. Skin tests
Concurrent infectious mononucleosis and acuute leukemia
Authors: M. H. Freedman
Journal: JAMA (1970)

Despite speculation that infectious mononucleosis could be an abortive form of acute lymphatic leukemia, four children under our observation developed both diseases concurrently. Infectious mononucleosis preceded acute leukemia by three months in one case and occurred at various times during hematologic remission in the others. A review of these and five similar cases, reported previously, suggests that infectious mononucleosis is an intercurrent illness which is etiologically unrelated to acute leukemia.
Regulation of the P21/WAF1/CIP1/SD11 cell cycle inhibitor in liver regeneration and disease . Department of Medicine, Hennepin County Medical Center and Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

We investigated the effects of ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation on pig epidermal sunburn cell (apoptotic cell) formation. Expression of p53 tumor suppressor gene product, p21 (WAF1/CIP1), and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) was also determined immunohistochemically. Apoptotic cells appeared at 12 h and reached a peak at 48 h following 2 MED-UVB irradiation. The formation of sunburn cells was confirmed by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick-end labeling (TUNEL) method. p53-positive cells, and p21-positive cells appeared at 6 h, and 12 h, respectively, following the UVB-irradiation. The peak of p53-positive cells was observed at 24 h, and that of p21-positive cells was at 48 h. No expression of TUNEL-, p53-, or p21-positive cells was detected in non-irradiated epidermis. The increase in PCNA-positive cells was observed at 24 h and reached its peak at 96 h following the UVB-irradiation. Flow cytometric analyses indicated a decrease in S-phase cells at 24 h, that was followed by their increase at 96 h. Cells in G2/M phase were also considerably decreased at 6 h and 48 h following the UVB-irradiation, and was followed by their increase thereafter. The [3H]thymidine uptake and mitotic counts remained low up until 48 h, and then both parameters increased reaching their peaks at 72–96 h. Effects of UVB irradiation were also determined in tape stripping-induced hyperproliferative epidermis. The numbers of UVB-induced apoptotic cells and PCNA positive cells were markedly enhanced in the tape stripping-treated epidermis, while the numbers of p53- and p21-positive cells were not significantly altered. No induction of apoptosis, p53, or p21 was observed by tape stripping alone. Our results indicate that UVB irradiation induces G1 arrest, prolonged S, and G2/M block of epidermal keratinocytes as well as apoptosis. These processes provide a G1 check point and the elimination of possibly hazardous cells carrying DNA damage, respectively. Our results also indicate that the UVB-induced apoptotic process is enhanced in hyperproliferative skin condition suggesting that apoptosis is closely associated with cell cycle progression.
P428Cholesterol-enriched diet inhibits cardioprotection by ATP-sensitive K+-channel activators cromakalim and diazoxide
Authors: C Csonka, K Kupai, P Bencsik, A Gorbe, J Paloczi, A Zvara, LG Puskas, T Csont, P Ferdinandy
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2014)

It has been previously shown that hyperlipidemia interferes with cardioprotective mechanisms. Here, we investigated the interaction of hyperlipidemia with cardioprotection induced by pharmacological activators of ATP-sensitive K+- (KATP) channels. Hearts isolated from rats fed a 2% cholesterol-enriched diet or normal diet for 8 wk were subjected to 30 min of global ischemia and 120 min of reperfusion in the presence or absence of KATP modulators. In normal diet-fed rats, either the nonselective KATP activator cromakalim at 10-5 M or the selective mitochondrial (mito)KATP opener diazoxide at 3 x 10-5 M significantly decreased infarct size compared with vehicle-treated control rats. Their cardioprotective effect was abolished by coadministration of the nonselective KATP blocker glibenclamide or the selective mitoKATP blocker 5-hydroxydecanoate, respectively. However, in cholesterol-fed rats, the cardioprotective effect of cromakalim or diazoxide was not observed. Therefore, we further investigated how cholesterol-enriched diet influences cardiac KATP channels. Cardiac expression of a KATP subunit gene (Kir6.1) was significantly downregulated in cholesterol-fed rats; however, protein levels of Kir6.1 and Kir6.2 were not changed. The cholesterol diet significantly decreased cardiac ATP, increased lactate content, and enhanced myocardial oxidative stress, as shown by increased cardiac superoxide and dityrosine formation. This is the first demonstration that cardioprotection by KATP channel activators is impaired in cholesterol-enriched dietinduced hyperlipidemia. The background mechanism may include hyperlipidemia-induced attenuation of mitoKATP function by altered energy metabolism and increased oxidative stress in the heart.
Whole Abdominal Irradiation by Cobalt-60 Moving-Strip Technique
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal