tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Contrast-enhanced ultrasound algorithms for the non-invasive diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma in high-risk patients - a prospective multicentre study (DEGUM-CEUS HCC trial)
Authors: Barbara Schellhaas, Deike Strobel, Tom Bernatik, Wolfram Bohle, Fanny Borowitzka, Chang Johannes, Christoph Frank Dietrich, Klaus Dirks, Robert Donoval, Kristine Drube, Mireen Friedrich-Rust, Christine Gall, Fleur Sophie Gittinger, Martin Gutermann, Mark Haenle, Alexandra von Herbay, Chau Hong Ho, Rico Hochdörffer, Tatjana Hoffmann, Matthias Hüttig, Christopher Janson, Ernst Michael Jung, Norbert Jung, Thomas Karlas, Christoph Klinger, Adam Kornmehl, Wolfgang Kratzer, Sebastian Krug, Georg Kunze, Jens Leitlein, Alexander Link, Christian Lottspeich, Aldo Marano, Martin Mauch, Lukas Moleda, Albrecht Neesse, Golo Petzold, Andrej Potthoff, Michael Praktiknjo, Klaus-Dieter Rösner, Stefan Schanz, Michael Schultheiss, Visvakanth Sivanathan, Joachim Stock, Thomas Thomsen, Johanna Vogelpohl, Christoph Vogt, Siegfried Wagner, Christiane Wiegard, Isabel Wiesinger, Uwe Will, Matthias Ziesch, Patrick Zimmermann
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2020)
Obstetrics and Gynecology, New York
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Use of Unvented Residential Heating Appliances—United States, 1988-1994
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Many heating appliances rely on combustion of carbon-based fuels and therefore are potential sources of health-threatening indoor air pollution. Most combustion heating appliances are vented to the outside of buildings to facilitate removal of the products of combustion, which include carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, and water vapor. However, some combustion heating devices may be unvented (e.g., kerosene- and propane-fueled space heaters, some gas-fueled log sets, and cooking devices used improperly for heating), and the use of such unvented devices in closed settings may be associated with risks for exposure to toxic gases and other emissions. This report presents an analysis of data from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) to estimate the number and regional distribution of adults using unvented residential heating appliances and stoves or ovens misused as heating devices in the United States during 1988-1994. The findings indicate that the percentage of adults using these devices was higher in the South, among low-income groups, among blacks, and among rural residents, and underscore the need for public education about the health risks associated with exposure to elevated levels of combustion by-products. NHANES III collected data from approximately 20,000 adults about household characteristics, including the prevalence of various types of residential heating appliances, the use of unvented combustion space heaters, and use of stoves or ovens specifically for heating during the previous year. NHANES weights were used to obtain national estimates based on these responses. Because responses by race/ethnicity other than for whites and blacks were too small for reliable estimates, responses from all others were combined.
Joel Elkes
Authors: Ned Stafford
Journal: BMJ (2015)

<h3>Abstract</h3> Ascomycota, the largest and best-studied phylum of fungi, contains three subphyla: Saccharomycotina (budding yeasts), Pezizomycotina (filamentous fungi), and Taphrinomycotina (fission yeasts); organisms from all three subphyla have been invaluable as models in diverse fields (e.g., biotechnology, cell biology, genetics, and medicine). Despite its importance, we still lack a comprehensive genome-scale phylogeny or understanding of the similarities and differences in the mode of genome evolution within this phylum. To address these gaps, we examined 1,107 genomes from Saccharomycotina (332), Pezizomycotina (761), and Taphrinomycotina (14) species to infer the Ascomycota phylogeny, estimate its timetree, and examine the evolution of key genomic properties. We inferred a robust genome-wide phylogeny that resolves several contentious relationships and estimated that the Ascomycota last common ancestor likely originated in the Ediacaran (~563 ± 68 million years ago). Comparisons of genomic properties revealed that Saccharomycotina and Pezizomycotina, the two taxon-rich subphyla, differed greatly in their genome properties. Saccharomycotina typically have smaller genomes, lower GC contents, lower numbers of genes, and higher rates of molecular sequence evolution compared to Pezizomycotina. Ancestral state reconstruction showed that the genome properties of the Saccharomycotina and Pezizomycotina last common ancestors were very similar, enabling inference of the direction of evolutionary change. For example, we found that a lineage-specific acceleration led to a 1.6-fold higher evolutionary rate in Saccharomycotina, whereas the 10% difference in GC content between Saccharomycotina and Pezizomycotina genomes stems from a trend toward AT bases within budding yeasts and toward GC bases within filamentous fungi. These results provide a robust evolutionary framework for understanding the diversification of the largest fungal phylum.
THE MEDICO-LEGAL EXAMINATION OF THE RED STAINS FOUND ON THE CLOTHES OF CHARLES FORD.
Journal: JAMA (1995)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Isolation for the compromised host
Authors: G. P. Bodey
Journal: JAMA (1975)

NOSOCOMIAL infection has become a serious problem in recent years. A substantial number of these infections are caused by Gram-negative bacilli.<sup>1</sup>The emergence of these organisms as a major cause of infection in hospitalized patients is due, in part, to the control of streptococcal and staphylococcal infections with effective antibiotic therapy. Gram-negative bacillary infections are a special threat to patients with impaired hostdefense mechanisms. Most hospitals are populated with increasing numbers of these patients due to improvements in the management of a variety of chronic debilitating diseases. Agents such as adrenal corticosteroids, alkylating agents, and antimetabolites are being used extensively in the fields of organ transplantation, autoimmune disorders, hematological diseases, and metastatic malignancies. These agents contribute to the problem because their toxicity includes myelosuppression and impairment of immunological mechanisms. Reverse isolation has been an accepted technique for protecting compromised hosts from acquiring nosocomial infection. However, the effectiveness
ACTH AND CORTISONE IN HYPERSPLENIC SYNDROMES
Journal: JAMA (1952)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Cytogenetic Effects from Exposure to Mixed Pesticides and the Influence from Genetic Susceptibility
Authors: William W. Au, Carlos H. Sierra-Torres, Nohelia Cajas-Salazar, Bryan K. Shipp, Marvin S. Legator
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1999)

Exposure to pesticides remains a major environmental health problem. Health risk from such exposure needs to be more precisely understood. We conducted three different cytogenetic assays to elucidate the biological effects of exposure to mixed pesticides in 20 Costa Rica farmers (all nonsmokers) compared with 20 matched controls. The farmers were also exposed to dibromochloropropane during the early employment years, and most of them experienced sterility/fertility problems. Our data show that the farmers had consistently higher frequencies of chromosome aberrations, as determined by the standard chromosome aberration assay, and significantly abnormal DNA repair responses (p < 0.05), as determined by the challenge assay, but no statistically significant differences in the tandem-probe fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) assay (p > 0.05). Genotype analysis indicates that farmers with certain "unfavorable" versions of polymorphic metabolizing genes (cytochrome P4502E1, the glutathione S-transferases mu and theta, and the paraoxonase genes) had significantly more biological effects, as determined by all three cytogenetic assays, than both the farmers with the "favorable" alleles and the matched controls. A unique observation is that, in individuals who had inherited any of the mentioned "unfavorable" alleles, farmers were consistently underrepresented. In conclusion, the Costa Rican farmers were exposed to genotoxic agents, most likely pesticides, which expressed the induction of biological and adverse health effects. The farmers who had inherited "unfavorable" metabolizing alleles were more susceptible to genotoxic effects than those with "favorable" alleles. Our genotype data suggest that the well-recognized "healthy worker effect" may be influenced by unrecognized occupational selection pressure against genetically susceptible individuals.
The use of claims data to evaluate health care
Authors: N. R. Bell
Journal: JAMA (1987)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> Drs Bell and Krikke suggest that investigators using claims data for evaluating health care outcomes should be careful to recognize the limitations of their data. We agree. In the case of outcomes for prostatectomy, we found the claims data were quite useful for measuring mortality and readmissions to the hospital as well as untoward outcomes defined by specific events such as death or reoperation, the development of postoperative urethral strictures requiring treatment, and subsequent diagnostic interventions. Claims data are not useful for measuring symptoms and events, such as impotence and incontinence, that are not necessarily associated with specific interventions. We recommend direct patient interviews as the best way of obtaining information on these outcomes.<sup>1</sup> The reason for keeping detailed records of procedures such as a prostatectomy, a cystoscopic examination, or a urethral dilatation is so that physicians and hospitals can be paid for what they do. Fraudulent
Correction: Antiretroviral Regimens for Treatment-Naive, HIV-1–Infected Volunteers
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2014)

Background-Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase (NNRTI) inhibitor-based antiretroviral therapy is not suitable for all treatment-naïve HIV-infected persons.Objective-Perform a rigorous evaluation of three NNRTI-sparing initial antiretroviral regimens to demonstrate equivalence for virologic efficacy and tolerability.Design-Phase-III, 1:1:1 randomized, open label, >96 week study. Setting-Fifty-seven sites in United States and Puerto Rico.Patients-Treatment naïve, ≥18 years, HIV-1 RNA >1000 copies/mL, no nucleoside reverse transcriptase or protease inhibitor resistance.Intervention-Atazanavir 300 mg with ritonavir 100 mg, daily; or raltegravir 400 mg twice daily; or darunavir 800 mg with ritonavir 100 mg, daily; plus emtricitabine 200 mg + tenofovir disoproxil fumarate 300 mg daily.
NEW DRUGS—1965
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract P199: Development of an Algorithm for Identifying Fatal Cardiovascular Disease in Medicare Claims
Authors: Fenglong Xie, Lisandro Colantonio, Jeffrey Curtis, Meredith Kilgore, Emily Levitan, Keri Monda, Monika Safford, Ben Taylor, Mark Woodward, Paul Muntner
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: Administrative claims data including Medicare are often used to study cardiovascular disease (CVD). Approximately one-third of CVD events are fatal, but claims data lack information on cause of death and claims-based analyses only include non-fatal outcomes. Objective: To develop claims-based algorithms to discriminate fatal stroke, fatal coronary heart disease (CHD), and fatal CVD (fatal CHD or stroke) from deaths due to other causes. Methods: We analyzed data for REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) study participants who died between January, 1, 2003 and December, 31, 2013, and were age ≥65.5 years and had at least 182 consecutive days of fee-for service Medicare coverage prior to their death. Deaths within 28 days following an expert-adjudicated stroke, CHD, and CVD event in REGARDS were defined as the gold standard. Logistic regression was used to develop algorithms including demographic data, ICD-9-CM diagnosis and procedure codes from Medicare claims for hospitalization and outpatient visits. We chose cut-points of predicted probability to define fatal stroke, CHD and CVD using these algorithms. Cut-points were chosen such that a similar proportion of participants had a fatal stroke, fatal CHD, and fatal CVD through REGARDS adjudication and the algorithms. Results: We analyzed data for 2,675 deaths among REGARDS study participants; 142 fatal strokes, 479 fatal CHD events, and 608 fatal CVD events. The algorithms are described in the footnote to the Table. C-statistics for the algorithms were 0.966 (95%CI 0.948, 0.980) for fatal stroke, 0.861 (95%CI 0.843, 0.878) for fatal CHD and 0.883 (95%CI 0.868, 0.898) for fatal CVD. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values using cut-points of 24%, 30%, and 34% predicted probabilities for fatal stroke, fatal CHD and fatal CVD, respectively, are provided in the Table. Conclusion: The algorithms we developed can be used to identify Medicare beneficiaries with fatal CVD events.
Abstract 3639: EGCG-gold nanoparticles exhibit greater anti-tumor activity over conventional gold nanoparticles or EGCG due to potential synergistic interactions
Authors: Suhash Reddy Chavva, Sachin Kumar Deshmukh, Rajashekhar Kanchanapally, Nikhil Tyagi, Jason W. Coym, Ajay P. Singh, Seema Singh
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) possesses significant anti-tumor activity and binds to laminin receptor over-expressed on cancer cells with high affinity. However, the use of EGCG in therapeutics is limited due to its poor bioavailability and limited stability. Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) serve as excellent drug carriers and protect the conjugated drug from enzymatic metabolization. Here, we investigated if EGCG-formulated GNPs (E-GNPs) would demonstrate superior anti-cancer activity compared to EGCG or conventionally-synthesized citrate-GNPs (C-GNPs) due to their synergistic interactions. Cell viability studies showed greater growth inhibition by E-GNPs, compared to EGCG, or C-GNPs. Cellular uptake studies revealed that, unlike C-GNPs, E-GNPs were taken-up more efficiently by cancerous cells than noncancerous cells. Furthermore, data showed that E-GNPs induced more apoptosis in cancer cells, compared to EGCG, and C-GNPs. From the mechanistic standpoint, we observed that E-GNPs inhibited the nuclear translocation and transcriptional activity of NF-κB with greater potency than EGCG, whereas C-GNPs were only minimally effective. Altogether, our data suggest that E-GNPs can serve as effective anti-cancer agents. Citation Format: Suhash Reddy Chavva, Sachin Kumar Deshmukh, Rajashekhar Kanchanapally, Nikhil Tyagi, Jason W. Coym, Ajay P. Singh, Seema Singh. EGCG-gold nanoparticles exhibit greater anti-tumor activity over conventional gold nanoparticles or EGCG due to potential synergistic interactions [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 3639.
CRUSADE AGAINST OVERCROWDING AND THE TENEMENT EVIL.
Journal: JAMA (1904)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Attenuated Allergic Responses to House Dust Mite Antigen in Feed-Restricted Rats
Authors: Wumin Dong, Frank W. Kari, MaryJane K. Selgrade, M. Ian Gilmour
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2000)

Caloric restriction has been shown to alter a broad range of immunological end points in both experimental animals and humans. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of short-term moderate feed restriction (25% reduction) on allergic immune responses in Brown Norway rats. After 3 weeks of acclimation to their feed regimens, rats were sensitized and 2 weeks later challenged with house dust mite (HDM) antigen via intratracheal instillation. Feed restriction resulted in lower levels of antigen-specific IgE in serum and reduced antigen specific lymphoproliferative activity in pulmonary lymph nodes. Feed restriction also attenuated pulmonary inflammation, as evidenced by lower levels of lactate dehydrogenase and total protein, decreased infiltration of neutrophils and eosinophils, and reduced secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-[alpha] in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. In addition, feed restriction decreased TNF-[alpha] secretion in serum and decreased mRNA expression of TNF-[alpha] and interleukin-6 in pulmonary lymph nodes. We conclude that feed restriction strongly dampened the allergic immune responses to HDM in rats and that this attenuation was associated with decreased expression and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines.
Neurology, Minneapolis
Journal: JAMA (1962)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal