tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstracts
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1964)

It is stated that the aetiology of Sydenham's chorea has not been definitely established and that evidence of its rheumatic (streptococcal) origin is based on presumption rather than on positive proof.The authors reviewed the records of 153 cases of the disease seen between 1950 and 1960 at the Centre Hospitalier, Nancy.Two-thirds of the patients were girls, and most were between 7 and 13 years of age.It was found that a history of preceding sore throat or articular rheumatism was unusual, that the erythrocyte sedimentation rate was rarely much elevated, and that the result of the C-reactive protein test was rarely strongly positive and was usually negative.Haemolytic streptococci [not further defined] were cultured from only thirteen of 45 throat swabs and the antistreptolysin-O titre was elevated to 400 units or more in only 39 of 102 cases.Altogether some 52 patients satisfied the criteria of Duckett Jones (J.Amer.med.Ass., 1944, 126, 481) for a rheumatic origin of the chorea.These represented 51 per cent. of those on whom sufficient investigations had been performed.[This paper demonstrates the great difficulties inherent in retrospective surveys.Although no tables are given, it is apparent that many of the essential investigations needed to prove the streptococcal and rheumatic origin of chorea were not carried out on the majority of patients and that no investigations of any kind were attempted to show alternative aetiological factors.]
Revolutionary Cytogenetics
Authors: Frederick Hecht, Herman E. Wyandt, Richard W. Erbe
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1971)

Although the typical human being has 46 rather characteristic-appearing chromosomes, distinct variations in the size and shape of chromosomes may be present in apparently healthy persons.1 In spite of these individual variations, cytologists have successfully used the gross characteristics of chromosomes to analyze the karyotype, but this process has been relatively imprecise. The available methods permitted the organization of chromosomes into seven groups lettered A through G. Only in the A group could distinctions be made between every chromosome pair. In the other groups some distinctions were difficult, and others impossible. Autoradiography could distinguish the chromosomes in the B, D . . .
Reply
Authors: M. Furue
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1994)

Journal Article Reply Get access M. Furue M. Furue Department of Dermatology, Yamanashi Medical University, Tamaho, Nakakoma, Yamanashi, 409‐38, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 131, Issue 3, 1 September 1994, Page 452, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1994.tb08543.x Published: 01 September 1994
Inconsistent Reporting of Potential Conflicts of Interest Disclosure
Authors: Mark Mcclellan, Duke-Robert Margolis
Journal: JAMA Cardiology (2018)

Steven A. Farmer, MD, PhD; Margaret L. Darling, BA; Meaghan George, MPP; Paul N. Casale, MD, MPH; Eileen Hagan, MSN, RN, PHCNS-BC; Mark B. McClellan, MD, PhD
Blood Transfusion
Authors: G. Discombe
Journal: BMJ (1954)

<h3>Introduction</h3> The rate of recurrence of endometrial cancer is 11–19%. It is related to different prognostic factors which define specific risk classes in order to decide for an adjuvant treatment. The objective of this study is to evaluate how prognostic factors influence the probability and pattern of recurrence. <h3>Methods</h3> This monocentric observational retrospective study was conducted on 214 patients treated for endometrial cancer between February 2011–2019. The considered parameters were: age, BMI, surgery, stage, LVSI, myometrial infiltration, histological grade, lymph node involvement, adjuvant therapy, relapse. DFS and OS were stratified by the presence or absence of prognostic factors. <h3>Results</h3> The rate of recurrence was 18,7%. DFS was 24,5 months and OS was 103,2 months. We observed an increase from 5 to 25% in the distance metastasis rate associated with positive LVSI. The monovariate analysis showed a correlation between DFS and advanced stage (O.R. II 9,2; III-IV 7,9 p=0,0001), positive lymph node infiltration (O.R. 4,2; p=0,02), myometrial infiltration (O.R. 4,3 p=0,0001) and LVSI (O.R. 2,4 p=0,008). A similar result was observed considering the OS and the grading (p=0,003). We conducted the multivariate analysis of Cox according to the ESGO/ESMO/ESTRO risk class classification and multicollinearity among variables was observed. The results were statistically significant for both DFS (p=0,002) and OS (p=0,000). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Almost all the considered prognostic factors influence the presence of recurrence, but the stage is the most impactful factor while LVSI correlates with distance metastasis. The definition of the risk factors must be considered to develop targeted therapeutic pathways.
Voluntary HIV Testing as Part of Routine Medical Care—Massachusetts, 2002
Journal: JAMA (2004)

In 2003, CDC released Advancing HIV Prevention: New Strategies for a Changing Epidemic. One of the four strategies of this initiative is to expand routine, voluntary human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing. This report describes the results of a state-funded program in Massachusetts that offered HIV counseling, testing, and referral (HIV CTR) to patients entering one of four hospital-associated urgent care centers. Among the 3,068 patients tested, the program identified an HIV seroprevalence of 2.0%. The findings underscore the effectiveness of routine HIV CTR in HIV case identification.
Thank You to <i>JAMA</i> Peer Reviewers and Authors
Authors: Phil B. Fontanarosa, Catherine D. DeAngelis
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Photopheresis in HIV-1 Infected Patients (pt) using Benzoporphyrin Derivative (BPD-MA) Induces Apoptosis in CD4 Cells, Increases Intracellular Expression of Chemokines and Decreases HIV Infectivity and Viral Load.
Authors: Zale P. Bernstein, Thomas Dougherty, Stanley A. Schwartz, Sandra Gollnick, Carleton Stewart, Harold Walder, M. P. Nair, Supriya D. Mahajan, Adam Sumlin, Bernard J. Poiesz
Journal: Blood (2004)
Discussion III
Journal: Gut (2002)

Question: What will happen if/when cheaper endoscopes become available-the small calibre transnasal endoscopes-which do not require the patient to be sedated?Will we need to test and treat?I am thinking of endoscopes that cost, say, US$10 each, which could be used in primary care.Dr Moayyedi: First of all, this technology is not yet available.I also find it hard to believe that an endoscope would ever cost as little as US$10, as the technology is still expensive, and it would be even more expensive if it were available to every primary care physician.Secondly, we can of course make endoscopy cheaper in our decision analysis; however, even if the cost of endoscopy goes below US$100, a test and treat strategy is still more cost effective.
Paradoxical Splitting of the Second Heart Sound in Coronary Heart Disease
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Partial breast irradiation or whole breast radiotherapy for early breast cancer: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: A. Valachis, D. Mauri, N. P. Polyzos, D. Mavroudis, V. Georgoulias, G. Casazza
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

CRA532 Background: The purpose of the study was to compare treatment outcomes in patients with breast cancer treated with partial breast irradiation and of those treated with whole breast radiation therapy. Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of published. Randomized clinical trials comparing partial breast irradiation versus whole breast radiation therapy. Primary outcome was overall survival and secondary outcomes were locoregional, distant and supraclavicular recurrences. Results: A search of the literature identified 3 trials with pooled total of 1,140 patients. We found no statistically significant difference between partial and whole breast radiation arms associated with death (OR 0.912, 95% CI 0.674–1.234, p = 0.550), distant metastasis (OR 0.740, 95% CI, 0.506–1.082, p = 0.120), or supraclavicular recurrences (pooled OR 1.415, 95% CI 0.278–7.202, p = 0.560). However, partial breast irradiation was statistically significantly associated with an increased risk of both local (pooled OR 2.150, 95% CI, 1.396–3.312; p = 0.001) and regional disease recurrences (pooled OR 3.430, 95% CI, 2.058–5.715; p &lt; 0.0001) compared with whole breast radiation. Conclusions: Partial breast irradiation does not jeopardize survival and may be used as an alternative to whole breast radiation. Nevertheless, the issue of locoregional recurrence needs to be further addressed. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Future plans for cancer control
Authors: A. B. Miller
Journal: JAMA (1988)

We are now less than 12 years from the year 2000. During that short period, largely as a result of a program that was due to begin in 1985, the National Cancer Institute hopes to reduce cancer mortality by 25% to 50%.<sup>1</sup>This goal has rightly been extensively discussed, largely in terms of the feasibility of achieving that objective.<sup>2,3</sup>In this issue ofTHE JOURNAL, Breslow and Cumberland<sup>4</sup>introduce an additional perspective, the need for greater emphasis on application of current knowledge and research on cancer prevention, though they also devote considerable space to a discussion of the feasibility issue. While agreeing with much of what they say, I would like to try and change the focus of the discussion in a way that I hope may be more productive for cancer control. My major concern is that the facts should be correctly interpreted and that our
Total skin examination during screening for malignant melanoma does not increase the detection rate
Authors: M.J.M. ROOIJ, F.H.J. RAMPEN, L.J. SCHOUTEN, H.A.M. NEUMANN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1996)

Total skin examination during public screening for malignant melanoma is often advocated, but the benefit of this approach has not been established properly.We assessed the yield of examination of the entire skin, in addition to examination of intentionally shown skin lesions, in people attending melanoma screening clinics in southern Limburg, the Netherlands, in 1993.Of the 4146 attenders, 2910 (70%) showed a specific skin spot.Additional examination of the entire skin was offered to 1385 people.There were 1221 evaluable cases.Fourteen presumptive diagnoses of malignancies were encountered: seven malignant melanomas, all with low clinical suspicion, and seven basal cell carcinomas.Histology revealed three basal cell carcinomas.No malignant melanomas were confirmed by histology.It is concluded that additional total skin examination during screening for malignant melanoma is not worthwhile, except perhaps for persons presenting lesions that are suspicious of melanoma or dysplastic naevi.
NI-62 * DCE-MRI DISCRIMINATES BETWEEN RESPONDER AND NON-RESPONDER IN PROGRESSIVE HIGH GRADE GLIOMA PATIENTS UNDERGOING ANTI-ANGIOGENIC TREATMENT
Authors: M. Nowosielski, C. Kremser, M. Schocke, E. Gizewski, S. Iglseder, A. Muigg, C. Freyschlag, G. Stockhammer, M. Hutterer
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

OBJECTIVES: In this prospective phase II clinical study we analyzed whether dynamic contrast enhanced (DCE) - MRI may distinguish between anti-vascular and anti-tumor effects in the course of anti-angiogenic treatment of progressive high-grade glioma patients (pHGG). METHODS: Twenty-two patients with pHGG (16 glioblastoma, 5 anaplastic astrocytoma WHO III, 1 anaplastic oligoastrocytoma) were treated biweekly with bevacizumab/irinotecan. DCE-MRI scans were performed at baseline and eight weeks after treatment commencement. DCE-MRI analysis included four semiquantitative parameters, describing gadolinium contrast medium behavior; 1) initial slope of signal increase (marker for vessel permeability; slope), 2) maximum enhancement (marker for extravascular volume; ME), 3) time from starting of curve increase until ME (time-to-peak; TTP), 4) area under the curve until ME (IAUC). Responders to anti-angiogenic therapy were defined as having a progression free survival (PFS) greater than six months (PFS6). DCE-MRI parameters were compared to PFS6 by Wilcoxon rank test. RESULTS: Mean PFS was 4.0 ± 2.2 months and 4 patients showed a PFS greater than 6 months and were classified as responders. At baseline there was no difference in ME, TTP, IAUC and slope between responder and non-respopnder. At follow-up responders showed a significant decrease in ME, TTP and IAUC, whereas slope did not change (mean ME 60.03% vs. 23.0%, mean TTP 579.5sec vs 367.4sec, mean IAUC 55040 vs 12150 and slope 1.03 vs 1.04, p < 0.001). In contrary non-responder did not show a change in ME, TTP and IAUC but an increase in slope (mean ME 55.45% vs 50.21%, mean sTTP 539.0sec vs 523.4sec, mean IAUC 53440 vs 50320 and slope 1.49 vs 1.74, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: By semiquantitative DCE-MRI analysis we could show that responders to anti-angiogenic therapy show a significant decrease in extravascular volume despite no decrease in vascular permeability. These results might provide insights into anti-angiogenic treatment effects in responding patients.
Managed Care, Charity Care, and the Common Good
Authors: Adam Yarmolinsky
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Intracellular Compartmentation of Metals in Aquatic Organisms: Roles in Mechanisms of Cell Injury
Authors: Bruce A. Fowler
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1987)

The intracellular compartmentation of essential and toxic metals is of intense scientific interest because of its potential for adding to our understanding of both normal homeostatic mechanisms for metals and of the mechanisms which underlie metal-induced cell injury. High-affinity metal-binding proteins, lysosomes, and precipitates such as inclusion bodies or concretions, play major roles in the regulation of divalent-metal cation bioavailability. The contribution of a given compartment toward metal homeostasis is dependent upon the level exposure, cell type, organ, species, and life cycle of the organism. Toxic metals may move between these compartments, but the rates and determinants of such exchanges have not been characterized. Available data clearly indicate that sequestration of toxic metals in these specialized compartments can produce profound disturbances in the subcellular handling of essential metals. Further studies of the mechanisms by which metals partition and/or transfer among these compartments are essential to understand and predict toxicity of this important class of toxic agents.
Effects of 6 months of abiraterone acetate (AA) on muscle and adipose mass in men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC).
Authors: Samuel Craig Brondfield, Vivian K. Weinberg, Kathryn M. Koepfgen, Arturo Molina, Charles J. Ryan, Eric Jay Small, Andrea Lynne Harzstark
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

222 Background: AA, an inhibitor of androgen biosynthesis, has been shown to prolong overall survival in patients with mCRPC who have previously been treated with chemotherapy. Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) has been shown to result in muscle wasting in prostate cancer pts. The effects of AA on progression of muscle and fat wasting have not been characterized. We evaluated whether 6 months of AA therapy altered total skeletal muscle mass or adipose mass. Methods: 10 sequential pts who responded to AA therapy for at least 6 months and had available computed tomography (CT) scans were retrospectively selected from the phase I-II COU-AA-002 study. CT image analysis was used to quantify change from baseline in total skeletal muscle and adipose tissue after 6 months of AA treatment. Skeletal muscle and adipose tissue cross-sectional area were calculated at the L3 level using Slice-O-Matic software V4.3. Previously published regression models were used to estimate fat-free mass, fat mass and skeletal muscle mass. Paired t-tests were performed to determine the change in measurements. Results: At baseline, 7 of 10 pts were overweight or obese (body mass index [BMI] &gt; 25 kg/m 2 ), and none were underweight. Advanced muscle wasting (sarcopenia, previously defined as the ratio of skeletal muscle cross-sectional area at L3 level to height &lt; 52.4 cm 2 /m 2 ) was present at baseline and 6 months in 9 of 10 pts. Over 6 months of AA treatment, pts lost an average of 1.9 kg ± 1.9 kg (p = 0.13). Mean changes (kg) (±standard deviation) in total skeletal muscle mass (−0.80 ± 1.71, p = 0.18) and total non-adipose mass (−1.44 ± 3.09, p = 0.17) were not significant. A significant decrease in total adipose mass (−0.61 ± 0.84, p = 0.048) was observed. Conclusions: Sarcopenia is prevalent in pts with mCRPC. AA was not related to significantly worsening sarcopenia or overall weight loss during the first 6 months of treatment; however, this may reflect a relatively short duration of therapy and/or small sample size. A significant loss of adipose tissue was observed, which is unexpected given the known effects of ADT, which increases adipose mass. Evaluation of additional AA treated patients is ongoing.
A phase II study of medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) in patients (pts) with hormone receptor-negative (HR-) metastatic breast cancer (MBC): Translational Breast Cancer Research Consortium trial 007.
Authors: L. G. Vaughn, L. Li, L. Nabell, H. S. Rugo, L. A. Carey, G. G. Kimmick, P. S. Steeg, K. Miller
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

1074 Background: Metastasis suppressor genes (MSGs) such as Nm23 are distinct from classical tumor suppressors in that transfection of MSGs has no effect on primary tumor size, but significantly reduces metastatic potential and growth at distant sites. Preclinical data suggest that in the absence of estrogen (ER) and progesterone receptors (PR) MPA binds to the glucocorticoid receptor, increasing Nm23, thrombospondin (TSP-1), and plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1). Methods: Postmenopausal women with HR-MBC were eligible irrespective of number of prior therapies. Pts were treated with MPA 1,000 mg/day orally. MPA was increased to 1,500 mg/day in pts not achieving trough levels ≥ 50 ng/ml after 10-14 days. Plasma TSP-1, PAI-1 antigen, and PAI-1 activity were assessed serially. The primary endpoint was clinical benefit response (CBR) defined as objective response or stable disease ≥ 6 months using a serial two-stage optimal design to identify a CBR ≥ 20%. Results: 15 pts were enrolled. Median age was 58 (34-77). All pts were ER- and PR-; 14 had visceral disease. Patients were heavily pretreated with prior anthracyclines (n=14), taxane (n=13), bevacizumab (n=10), platinum (n=7), vinorelbine (n=6), capecitabine (n=5), and gemcitabine (n=4). Mean MPA trough concentration was 38.06 ± 47.58 ng/ml. All pts required dose escalation; only 7 pts ever achieved MPA trough concentrations > 50 ng/ml. Grade 3 toxicities reported by > 1 pt included dyspnea (n=3) and fatigue (n=2). Median progression-free survival was 55 days. Three pts with stable disease remained on treatment for 63, 111, and 504 days. PAI-1 antigen increased after 4 weeks (16.74 ng/ml vs. 21.78 ng/ml, p=0.0467) but there were no significant changes in PAI-1 activity or TSP-1. Conclusions: MPA had limited activity in this population; CBR did not meet the prespecified level to expand this cohort. Poor bioavailability limited exposure despite dose escalation. Nonetheless, the increase in PAI-1 antigen and prolonged stable disease in one pt is encouraging. Accrual of a second cohort evaluating MPA in combination with metronomic chemotherapy has been completed. No significant financial relationships to disclose.