tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effects of Chelating Agents on Oral Uptake and Renal Deposition and Excretion of Cadmium
Authors: Birgitta Engstrom
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1984)

The gastrointestinal absorption, transport, tissue deposition and excretion of cadmium was studied in adult male mice given a single oral LD50 dose of l19Cd-labeled CdCl2 alone or in combination with nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA), sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) or ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA).Blood, intestinal mucosa, liver and kidneys were analyzed for lO9Cd at different times after exposure and the influence of the chelating agents on Cd binding to metallothionein and other tissue ligands was also studied.Acute toxicity was noted.Complex formation between Cd and EDTA was studied in solutions containing Cd:EDTA at 1:04 and 1:4 molar ratios.Adult male mice were exposed orally or by direct infusion into the stomach to either of the two solutions (containing an LD50 dose of Cd).Body retention and tissue deposition of Cd was recorded after 4 (direct infusion) or 21 days (oral exposure), and the mortality in different exposure groups observed.Adult male were also exposed to a low oral dose of l19Cd-labeled cadmium (0.5 mg/kg), followed by 18 months continuous administration of NTA, (500 ppm) STPP (500 ppm) or EDTA (50 ppm) in the drinking water or the chelating agent in combination with Cd (50 ppm), Cd alone (50 ppm) or deionized water.Whole-body retention of l19Cd, tissue deposition of lO9Cd and total Cd and development of proteinuria were observed.When cadmium was given with an excess of EDTA, all Cd ions were bound in a 1:1 Cd- EDTA complex.Decreased acute toxicity was observed which was related to increased body elimination of cadmium.The Cd passes though the body still bound to EDTA and is excreted via the kidneys in this form.Similar results were found in mice exposed to Cd + NTA, while gavage of CD + STPP led to an initially decreased systemic uptake of Cd and thereafter to a prolongation of the biological half-time and thus a comparatively higher body retention of the metal.Cd may form a 2:1 complex with EDTA in the presence of excess cadmium.An increased retention and toxicity of cadmium was seen after direct infusion of this solution, while gavage resulted in a decreased toxicity.The effect of different chelating agents on acute cadmium toxicity and metabolism seemed to be due to changes in the stability of the administered chelate complexes, due to variation in pH and to the availability of metal binding ligands such as metallothionein in vivo.NTA, STPP and EDTA had no effect on the metabolism or toxicity of cadmium after long-term low dose oral exposure.
A rational approach to corticosteroid therapy for asthma in children
Authors: J. R. Jorgensen
Journal: JAMA (1966)

A lthough adrenal-corticosteroid preparations have been available for more than 15 years, there is still no consensus about their use for asthma. Some physicians prescribe corticosteroids freely for relatively minor indications, while others never give them. It is important in every situation where the use of these compounds is considered to weigh the advantages of this most effective and potent form of therapy against the well-known risks entailed. Equally important, the physician should always control the amount of medication taken and not allow the patient or his parents to decide when and how to make changes in therapy. Following is a presentation of the corticosteroid management of children institutionalized at the Children's Asthma Research Institute and Hospital (CARIH) because of severe, intractable asthma. More than 50% of these children are receiving corticosteroids in some form on admission, and approximately half of these continue to require steroids continuously or intermittently during
Strategy for the Assessment of Neurobehavioral Consequences of Environmental Factors
Authors: Hugh A. Tilson, Patrick A. Cabe
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1978)

One of the critical issues confronting the evolving discipline of behavioral and neurological toxicology is the general lack of test validation in animal models. This paper seeks to provide a strategy aimed at resolving this important problem. It is proposed that test validation be accomplished by evaluating known neurotoxins in a battery of tests chosen to assess in animal models a wide range of effects on the basis of reported human toxicosis symptomatology. We propose to measure ongoing home cage motor activity, food consumption, water consumption, clay consumption (and the diurnal cycling of these), neurological/physiological indices (reflexes, autonomic signs, equilibrium/gait, balance, tremor, reactivity, and muscular strength), and aspects of cognitive and associative behavior involving both endogenous and exogenous (sensory) control of responding. An integrated, time-efficient scheme, covering 90 days of chemical treatment and 30 days of post-dosing recovery will be used. Chemical substances to be evaluated were chosen with the view of representing classes of neurotoxic effects. For initial study, triethyltin was chosen as an agent producing demyelination of nerves, acrylamide as an agent producing "dying-back" neuropathy, and methylmercury as an agent producing mixed central and peripheral neuropathies. Agents which attack specific loci in the nervous system and those producing anoxia will not be assessed in the first stages of this research due to lack of species generality of known effects, present lack of appropriate exposure facilities, or other problems. In addition, two drugs (amphetamine and sodium salicylate) will be investigated to support the generality of the testing procedures. By comparing the observed results of the neurotoxins in the animal models with the predicted effects based on reported human symptomatology, some decision concerning the validity of each procedure will be made. It is expected that the validation of tests to be used in behavioral and neurological toxicology will permit the meaningful assessment of more complex issues, such as the mechanisms by which neurotoxins act.
In Shackles
Authors: Jenny C. Dohlman
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2020)

On Being a Doctor7 January 2020In ShacklesJenny C. Dohlman, MDJenny C. Dohlman, MDMassachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts (J.C.D.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/M19-2173 Audio Reading - “In Shackles” Audio. Michael A. Lacombe, MD, Annals Associate Editor, reads “In Shackles” by Jenny C. Dohlman, MD Your browser does not support the audio element. Audio player progress bar Step backward in current audio track Play current audio trackPause current audio track Step forward in current audio track Mute current audio trackUnmute current audio track 00:00/ SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Starched orange, metal clanging, the prisoner walks ceremoniously through the emergency department corridor. He is flanked by two shadows of blue, their fingers resting lazily on gun holsters and their expressionless faces locked on the target: examination room 7. When I arrived for my overnight shift that evening at 6:00 p.m., whispers of “maximum security inmate” were already ricocheting through the halls of our brick, windowless enclave. I move from patient to patient, herding them past the prisoner in examination room 7 and into rooms 4, 5, and 6. I watch as their necks crane and hands grasp tighter—to purses, ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts (J.C.D.)Corresponding Author: Jenny C. Dohlman, MD, 243 Charles Street, Boston, MA 02114. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement Audio Reading - “In Shackles” Audio. Michael A. Lacombe, MD, Annals Associate Editor, reads “In Shackles” by Jenny C. Dohlman, MD Your browser does not support the audio element. Audio player progress bar Step backward in current audio track Play current audio trackPause current audio track Step forward in current audio track Mute current audio trackUnmute current audio track 00:00/ FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 7 January 2020Volume 172, Issue 1Page: 69KeywordsElbowEmergency departmentFirearm injuriesGamesHand strengthHeartHeart ratePatient advocacyShouldersThorax ePublished: 7 January 2020 Issue Published: 7 January 2020 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2020 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Dextroamphetamine-sulfate-induced dyskinesias
Authors: R. H. Mattson
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Dyskinesia developed in four patients soon after the administration of therapeutic doses of dextroamphetamine sulfate. The movements were tic-like, dystonic, and similar to those occasionally produced by phenothiazines, and they promptly disappeared when the use of the drug ceased. They probably represented idiosyncratic reactions rather than extension of the pharmacologic effects of amphetamines. It is possible that the dextroamphetamine unmasked a subclinical extrapyramidal disorder in these patients.
Pten signaling in gliomas
Authors: Christiane B. Knobbe, Adrian Merlo, Guido Reifenberger
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2002)

In 1997, the PTEN gene (phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10) was identi ed as a tumor suppressor gene on the long arm of chromosome 10.Since then, important progress has been made with respect to the understanding of the role of the Pten protein in the normal development of the brain as well as in the molecular pathogenesis of human gliomas.This review summarizes the current state of the art concerning the involvement of aberrant Pten function in the development of different biologic features of malignant gliomas, such as loss of cell-cycle control and uncontrolled cell proliferation, escape from apoptosis, brain invasion, and aberrant neoangiogenesis.Most of the tumor-suppressive properties of Pten are dependent on its lipid phosphatase activity, which inhibits the phosphatidylinositol-3 9 -kinase Pten signaling in gliomas 1,2
Integration of Behavioral and Relaxation Approaches Into the Treatment of Chronic Pain and Insomnia
Journal: JAMA (1996)

To provide physicians with a responsible assessment of the integration of behavioral and relaxation approaches into the treatment of chronic pain and insomnia.A nonfederal, nonadvocate, 12-member panel representing the fields of family medicine, social medicine, psychiatry, psychology, public health, nursing, and epidemiology. In addition, 23 experts in behavioral medicine, pain medicine, sleep medicine, psychiatry, nursing, psychology, neurology, and behavioral and neurosciences presented data to the panel and a conference audience of 528 during a 1 1/2-day public session. Questions and statements from conference attendees were considered during the open session. Closed deliberations by the panel occurred during the remainder of the second day and the morning of the third day.The literature was searched through MEDLINE, and an extensive bibliography of references was provided to the panel and the conference audience. Experts prepared abstracts with relevant citations from the literature. Scientific evidence was given precedence over clinical anecdotal experience. ASSESSMENT PROCESS: The panel, answering predefined questions, developed their conclusions based on the scientific evidence presented in open forum and the scientific literature. The panel composed a draft statement that was read in its entirety and circulated to the experts and the audience for comment. Thereafter, the panel resolved conflicting recommendations and released a revised statement at the end of the conference. The panel finalized the revisions within a few weeks after the conference.A number of well-defined behavioral and relaxation interventions now exist and are effective in the treatment of chronic pain and insomnia. The panel found strong evidence for the use of relaxation techniques in reducing chronic pain in a variety of medical conditions as well as strong evidence for the use of hypnosis in alleviating pain associated with cancer. The evidence was moderate for the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral techniques and biofeedback in relieving chronic pain. Regarding insomnia, behavioral techniques, particularly relaxation and biofeedback, produce improvements in some aspects of sleep, but it is questionable whether the magnitude of the improvement in sleep onset and total sleep time are clinically significant.
Abstract 2640: DKK1 overexpression might induce crizotinib resistance
Authors: Ha Young Seo
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract NSCLC patients with pleural effusions tend to show progressive status and malignant features. Newly established lung cancer cell lines from pleural effusions, SNU-2550 and SNU-2563 were harboring ALK rearrangement and they were originally sensitive to crizotinib. After treated with regular crizotinib treatment and recovery at least 1 year, crizotinib-resistant cell lines (SNU-2550CR and SNU-2563CR) that became resistant to crizotinib more than 5 times were established. And then, whole exome sequencing (WES) and RNA-seq were operated in order to understand way to acquire resistance. According to WES result, there were differences in mutations between parental cell lines and resistant cell lines. For example, mutations in MKNK2, IGFN1, PRSS1 and FOXA2 genes were only present in SNU-2550CR not SNU-2550. Variations of ESX1, PRSS1, PCDHA4 and AGAP3 genes were observed in only SNU-2563CR. When the differences were studied and visualized via SPIA two-way evidence plot and heatmap, genes related with cell cycle, p53 and Wnt pathway were commonly changed in RNA expression level. In fact, there were expressional differences in genes related those pathways such as MAPK2, DKK1, APC and GSK3b genes. Among them, Dkk1 expression level was more than doubled in two set. Through those analysis, we examined differences between parental cell lines that have sensitive reactivity and resistant cell lines that acquired resistance. When crizotinib resistance was induced, Dkk1 expression was elevated. Augmentation of Dkk1 expression level induces the level of overall β-catenin expression, and cytoplasmic β-catenin tends to be concentrated adjacent to membrane and into nucleus region. Therefore, Dkk1 can be considered as a factor that is related to crizotinib resistance by up-regulating Wnt/β-catenin pathway in lung cancer. Acquired resistance to crizotinib is major predicament especially when there is ALK rearrangement. Studying the mechanism of crizotinib resistance therefore improves the prognosis of ALK rearrangement lung cancer. We found that Dkk1 overexpression might be correlated to crizotinib resistance. Note: This abstract was not presented at the meeting. Citation Format: Ha Young Seo. DKK1 overexpression might induce crizotinib resistance [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 2640.
Books Received
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1969)

Journal Article Books Received Get access The Interview in Student Nurse Selection. By Smeltzer C. H.. 185 p., $6.00. G. P. Putnam's Sons, 200 Madison Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10016, 1968. Tobacco Experimental and Clinical Studies. Suppl. 1. By Larson P. S. and Silvette H.. 803 p., $20.00. The Williams & Wilkins Company, 428 Preston Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21202, 1968. International Histological Classification of Tumours: Histological Typing of Breast Tumours. By Scarff R. W. and Torlioni H.. 20 p., $16.00. World Health Organization, Palais des Nations, Geneva, Switzerland, 1968. Radioisotopes in Medicine: In Vitro Studies. Edited by Hayes Raymond L., Goswitz Francis A., and Beverley E. Pearson Murphy. 750 p., $3.00. Oak Ridge Associated Universities, P.O. Box 117, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830. Subviral Carcinogenesis. Edited by Yohei Ito. 441 p., Research Institute, Aichi Cancer Center, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Japan. TNM Classification of Malignant Tumours. By the Committee on TNM Classification. 79 p., $1.00. International Union Against Cancer, Geneva, 1968. The Virology and Immunology of Cancer. By Zilber L. A. and Abelev G. I.. 474 p., $21.00. The Pergamon Press Ltd., Headington Hill Hall, Oxford, England, 1968. Manual of Tumor Nomenclature and Coding. Edited by Percy Constance L., Berg John W., and Thomas Louis B.. 74 p., $3.00. The American Cancer Society, Inc., 219 East 42nd Street, New York, N.Y. 10017, 1968. Fundamentals of Bio statistics. By Stanley Schor. 312 p., $8.95. G. P. Putnam's Sons, 200 Madison Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10016, 1968. In Vitro, Differentiation and Defense Mechanisms in Lower Organisms. Edited by Sigel M. Michael. 211 p., $11.50. The Williams & Wilkins Company, 428 Preston Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21202, 1968. Cell Kinetics in Human Leukemia. Edited by Jensen K. G. and Killmann S. A.. 128 p., $10.00. The Williams & Wilkins Company, 428 Preston Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21202, 1968. Inservice Education. By Swansburg Russell C.. 352 p., $7.00. G. P. Putnam's Sons, 200 Madison Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10016, 1968. JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 42, Issue 3, March 1969, Page 525, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/42.3.525 Published: 01 March 1969
More on the Doctor's Anguish
Authors: Miles J. Edwards
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1993)

Letters1 August 1993More on the Doctor's AnguishMiles J. Edwards, MD and Susan W. Tolle, MDMiles J. Edwards, MDSearch for more papers by this author and Susan W. Tolle, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-119-3-199308010-00033 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:Drs. Sandler and McDonald advise a lapse of several days before implementing a decision to withdraw a patient's ventilator. We agree that the carefully considered, well-planned withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment is less emotionally demanding for providers. We believe that for most patients it is better to administer gradual sedation with a morphine drip rather than to give bolus doses of medication. However, at times these procedures do not meet the patient's wishes, needs, or values. For some patients, several more days of life-sustaining treatment represents an intolerable burden. In setting time lines for ventilator withdrawal, we must not ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 August 1993Volume 119, Issue 3Page: 252-253KeywordsDyspneaEmotionsFearHealth careMorphineSedationVentilators Issue Published: 1 August 1993 CopyrightCopyright © 1993 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Pros and cons of NIH consensus conferences
Journal: JAMA (1980)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
DISPOSITION OF OUR DEFECTIVES.
Journal: JAMA (1900)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Improving Access to Primary Care
Authors: Philip R. Alper
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —I agree with Dr Ginzberg's<sup>1</sup>statements that the professional satisfaction of the individual physician—and especially the primary physician—is critically important to the outcome of health reform of whatever stripe, and that a system based on massively second-guessing the myriad decisions of the individual physician is unlikely to work. However, his solution consisted of three suggestions for manipulating graduate medical education programs and their funding as a way to reverse the inexorable weakening of the American primary care physician base. Thus, a long-term solution was proposed in place of more immediate measures to alleviate the present and near-term distress of the practicing internist and family practitioner. This "let the chips fall where they may" view of primary care is likely to undermine even well-conceived, longer-term plans. The current reality for all physicians is managed care and managed competition. The consequences to primary physicians remain unique, however. Only
HOT SPRINGS, ARK.
Journal: JAMA (1891)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal