tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Screening explained
Authors: Alexa Lilley, Ruth Bell
Journal: BMJ (2008)

What is screening? When should a screening programme be set up? Alexa Lilley and Ruth Bell discuss the issues that arise Primary prevention is better than cure. But if this is not possible, is time a good thing to capitalise on? Secondary prevention through screening encompasses the idea that the health service seeks healthy people, rather than patients spontaneously seek doctors. An early diagnosis has intuitive appeal, because starting treatment early may be more effective or less invasive.w1 This may seem straightforward in the context of curing someone before they experience symptoms but raises important ethical questions, different from in most other clinical practice, because we look for ill health without being invited to do so by the patient.w1 Does screening deny the patient the perception of being healthy? Can we treat what we find? Does screening do more harm than good?w2 Screening is a public health service that we are all offered at some point, despite sometimes being unaware of it—for example, testing for phenylketonuria, hypothyroidism, and congenital hip dislocation at birth in the United Kingdom (box 1). There are two methods. Pro-active screening invites a target population to be screened, such as the National Breast Cancer Screening Programme for women aged 50 to 64 years or Cervical Screening Programme for women aged 25 to 64 years. ### Box 1: Screening in the UK #### Existing screening programmes #### Explicit policy not to offer screening #### Under review or planned for review when evidence is availableRETURN TO TEXT
BROMIDE INTOXICATION
Authors: SIDNEY J. TILLIM
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1952)

Owing to recent tightening of restrictions on the sale of barbiturates, there is the possibility of an impending rise in the incidence of bromism. Bromism still occurs under supervision of physicians, partly because of the oversight of symptoms and the failure to recognize that bromides may eventually aggravate the disabilities for which the drug was originally prescribed. The contraindications to the use of bromides in certain individuals are very real, and must be respected if intoxications are to be avoided.
1126-117 Whole-body electrical bioimpendance is accurate in noninvasive determination of cardiac output: A thermodilution controlled, prospective, double-blind evaluation
Authors: Guillermo Torre-Amiot, Gad Cotter, Edo Kaluski, Christoph Richter, Olga Milo, Ahmed Salah, Zvi Vered, Karl Stangl
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
A prospective study of nutritional factors and hypertension among US women.
Authors: J C Witteman, W C Willett, M J Stampfer, G A Colditz, F M Sacks, F E Speizer, B Rosner, C H Hennekens
Journal: Circulation (1989)

The relation of various nutritional factors with hypertension was examined prospectively among 58,218 predominantly white US female registered nurses, aged 34-59 years. In 1980, all women completed an independently validated dietary questionnaire. During 4 years of follow-up, 3,275 women reported a diagnosis of hypertension; the validity of the self-report was shown in a subsample. Age, relative weight, and alcohol consumption were the strongest predictors for the development of hypertension. Dietary calcium and magnesium had independent and significant inverse associations with hypertension. For women with a calcium intake of at least 800 mg/day, the relative risk of hypertension was 0.78 (95% confidence interval, 0.69-0.88) when compared with an intake of less than 400 mg/day. The relative risk for magnesium intake of 300 mg/day or more compared with an intake of less than 200 mg/day was 0.77 (95% confidence interval, 0.67-0.88). For women with high intakes of both calcium and magnesium compared with those having low intakes of both, the relative risk of hypertension was 0.65 (95% confidence interval, 0.53-0.80). No independent associations with hypertension were observed for intakes of potassium, fiber, and saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids. These prospective findings add to the growing evidence to support the need for randomized trials to determine whether there is a protective role of dietary calcium and magnesium in the regulation of blood pressure.
Author's reply
Authors: C. Gabay, O. Meyer, A.-M. Prieur
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1994)

large joints of the lower extremity.Synovial fluid eosinophilia has been noted, but only infrequently.4Although the arthritis is self- limited in most patients, it often recurs and may eventually become chronic.In contradistinction to ReA associated with bacterial infections, the majority of patients have no constitutional symptoms or other signs of filariasis.In this patient, the clinical picture was most consistent with ReA associated with filariasis.Although she did have other parasites in her stool, their association with the arthritis is militated against by the lack of gastrointestinal symptoms as well as the failure to respond to specific therapy.Eosinophils are infrequently noted in the synovial fluid.When present, they typically constitute less than 2% of leukocytes.5More pronounced synovial fluid eosinophilia has been reported in association with various rheumatological, infectious, allergic and malignant diseases.However, absolute synovial eosinophil counts above 10 000/mm3 are exceedingly rare, having been reported to date in one case of idiopathic transient synovitis,6 and two cases of Lyme disease.5It might be unexpected for eosinophilia to be associated with ReA.The antigen specific T cells in the synovium of ReA patients described to date have been predominantly of the THI phenotype, which secrete primarily IL-2 and IFN-y.2On the other hand, eosinophilia is more commonly associated with activation of T cells of the TH2 phenotype, which produce primarily IL-4 and IL-5.Because IL-5 promotes the differentiation as well as the survival of eosinophils, it may be critical to conditions associated with eosinophilia.7This report demonstrates that ReA associated with filariasis may be associated with massive synovial eosinophilia.This association raises the hypothesis that in some instances, in particular those associated with eosinophilia, ReA might be mediated by T cells of a TH2 phenotype.
Alleged Rape
Authors: S. Smith
Journal: BMJ (1951)

T'he number of cases of rape and sexual assaults on females and unnatural offences is not very large when considered in proportion to the population of this country, but, small though the number may be, the cases cause a considerable amount of anxiety to the practitioner who has to deal with them.It is, moreover, significant that crimes of this nature have shown for the last 50 years a regular and steady increase.For example, the annual average number of such crimes known to the police for successive five-year periods from 1900 to 1949 was
Death
Journal: JAMA (2001)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Interactive medical video communication appears to be ahead, but many early efforts left behind
Authors: P. Gunby
Journal: JAMA (1995)

EXCITING predictions are being made about the future of interactive video communication in medicine and other fields. But what about the meantime? Various broadcast approaches of the recent past have met varying degrees of success. At the end of December, for example, American Medical Television (AMT) ceased regular telecasting after 6 years. Four months earlier—in August 1994— Christopher Whittle's interactive Medical News (television) Network was canceled. Almost exactly a year before that, in August 1993, the Lifetime Medical Television network ceased operation. And in December 1989, the Physicians' Radio Network (which broadcast on frequency modulation sideband to special radio receivers provided to physicians in each area) went off the air. <h3>Now What?</h3> For the moment, says Larry E. Joyce, president of publishing and multimedia development for the American Medical Association (AMA), the association is focusing on developing more continuing medical education programs on CD-ROM (compact disc, read-only memory), developing an
CGTT May Aid in Detection Of Subclinical Diabetes
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
American Journal of Physiology, Washington
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Tumores primitivos malignos broncopulmonares: Cáncer, sarcoma, linfogranuloma
Journal: JAMA (1941)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
From the Health Care Financing Administration
Authors: Gail R. Wilensky
Journal: JAMA (1990)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
In-vivo electrophysiologic assessment of left atrial muscle sleeves in pulmonary veins with magnetic electroanatomic mapping in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation Manisha S. Ashar, David J. Callans, Henry H. Hsia, Andrea M. Russo, Erica S. Zado, Francis E. Marchlinski. University of Pennsylvania Health Systems, Philadelphia, PA
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
DELAY IN PUBLICATION OF MINUTES.
Journal: JAMA (1898)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
TYPHOID BACILLUS BEARERS AND THE PREVENTION OF TYPHOID FEVER.
Journal: JAMA (1907)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Induction of Adrenal Suppression by Megestrol Acetate
Authors: Matthew C. Leinung
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1996)

Letters15 March 1996Induction of Adrenal Suppression by Megestrol AcetateMatthew C. Leinung, MD, Ralph L. Liporace, MD, and Cynthia H. Miller, MDMatthew C. Leinung, MDAlbany Medical College; Albany, NY 12208-3479Search for more papers by this author, Ralph L. Liporace, MDAlbany Medical College; Albany, NY 12208-3479Search for more papers by this author, and Cynthia H. Miller, MDAlbany Medical College; Albany, NY 12208-3479Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-124-6-199603150-00019 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:We are pleased that our article has generated such interest. We welcome the thoughtful comments of Loprinzi and colleagues and the observations of Khoo and colleagues and Drs. Stoffer and Krakauer on the effects of megestrol acetate on the pituitary-adrenal axis. We cited the data of Loprinzi and associates [1] on suppression of cortisol levels in patients with cancer but had been unaware of their trial involving megestrol acetate and combination chemotherapy in patients with small-cell lung cancer [2]. It is interesting that they saw an apparent increase in the number of deaths caused by sepsis among patients ...References1. Loprinzi CL, Jensen MD, Jiang NS, Schaid DJ. Effect of megestrol acetate on the human pituitary-adrenal axis. Mayo Clin Proc. 1992; 67:1160-2. Google Scholar2. Rowland KM, Jett JR, Jung SH, Loprinzi CL, Washburn HJ, Shaw EG. Phase III randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial of cisplatin and etoposide plus megestrol acetate/placebo in extensive stage small cell lung cancer. A North Central Cancer Treatment Group study. Proc ASCO. 1994; 13:330. Google Scholar3. Alexieva-Figusch J, Blankenstein MA, Hop WC, Klijn JG, Lamberts SW, De Jong FH, et al. Treatment of metastatic breast cancer patients with different dosages of megestrol acetate: dose relations, metabolic and endocrine effects. Eur J Cancer Clin Oncol. 1984; 20:33-40. Google Scholar4. Leinung MC, Liporace R, Miller CH. Induction of adrenal suppression by megestrol acetate in patients with AIDS. Ann Intern Med. 1995; 122:843-5. Google Scholar5. Costrini NV, Jacobson M, Kalkhoff RK. Progesterone augmentation of plasma insulin responses and pancreatic islet secretion of insulin. Diabetes. 1969; 18(Suppl 1):322. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Albany Medical College; Albany, NY 12208-3479 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 March 1996Volume 124, Issue 6Page: 614KeywordsBloodCortisolGlucoseGlucose toleranceHyperinsulinemiaInsulinLung and intrathoracic tumorsProgesteroneSepsisSteroids Issue Published: 15 March 1996 CopyrightCopyright © 1996 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
The hospital staff, community medicine, and continuing education
Authors: W. Darley
Journal: JAMA (1968)

The April 18, 1966, issue ofThe Journalcontains a paper in which I proposed that we use increasing knowledge and specialism and increasing efficiency in data processing and communication to the end that we increase our capacity to cope with increasing demands and costs of medical care and with increasing shortages of medical personnel. In my brief discussion of the organization necessary to accomplish all of this, I suggested that the day would come when the satisfactions of the health and medical professional might come more from being one of a group or team than from being an entrepreneur, that the effective functioning of the group or team might call for new categories in the constellation of specialism, and that the eventual role of the community hospital might call for both the centralization and decentralization of many of its functions. I indicated that organization should provide the common ground
Three Hundred Years of Psychiatry. 1535-1860
Authors: C. B. F.
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1964)

Three hundred years ofpsychiatry is without doubt one of the best books ever produced on the history of psychiatry.Most collections of extracts are at most useful for casual browsing and conveying a flavour of original sources."Hunter and Macalpine", as it tends to be called, performs those functions, but it does much more.It was so generously conceived and intelligently executed that it is simultaneously a book of readings and a genuine research tool.The focus is Britain, and the documents were selected from a rich variety of sources: extracts from standard and obscure medical and psychiatric writers like Burton, Willis, Battie, and Conolly lie side by side with selections from diaries, letters, sermons, Acts of Parliament, and newspaper advertisements.Each of the 250 separate entries -arranged chronologically -is pre- faced with a biographical or historical exegesis, indicating its significance and placing it in its social context.The extracts were selected with care, and their historical placements were impeccably researched and presented.The result was not simply to provide materials for a history of psychiatry in Britain from 1535 to 1860, but a brilliant version of that history.
Contents: (Adv. Healthcare Mater. 7/2014)
Authors: Janet Sinn-Hanlon, M Yang, T Yu, Y.-Y Wang, S Lai, Q Zeng, B Miao, B Tang, B Simons, L Ensign, G Liu, K Chan, C.-Y Juang, O Mert
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2014)

Advanced Materials has been bringing you the best in materials research for over twenty years.With its increased