tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
Authors: W. Bell
Journal: JAMA (1991)

<h3>CASE PRESENTATION</h3> —Charles T. Bingham III, MD A 27-YEAR-OLD man was transferred to The Johns Hopkins Hospital for evaluation of delirium. Five days prior to admission he had presented to another hospital with hematemesis and syncope. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy revealed the presence of a 0.5-cm gastric ulcer. The hematocrit value and the platelet count were low. The patient was treated with packed red blood cells (RBCs) and platelets. During the next few days, he developed agitation, confusion, and hallucinosis and was transferred to The Johns Hopkins Hospital. His past medical history was remarkable for alcoholic hepatitis. The patient drank a minimum of one pint of rum plus large volumes of wine daily. He denied taking any medications. On physical examination, the patient's temperature was 38.9°C; blood pressure, 128/86 mm Hg; pulse rate, 96 beats per minute; and respirations, 24/min. The sclerae were icteric. The liver and spleen were not enlarged, and the
Report of the Council on Medical Education
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The effects of noise on man
Authors: A. Glorig
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Althoughre is still much to be learned about L the relations of hearing loss to noise exposure, we have accumulated enough information through experience and research to enable us to organize and conduct hearing conservation programs. This basic information is, in brief: Many noise exposures can produce a permanent hearing loss that may affect communication by speech. Noise-induced hearing loss may be temporary, permanent, or a combination of temporary and permanent. Permanent noise-induced hearing loss is due to destruction of certain inner ear structures which cannot be replaced or repaired. The amount of hearing loss produced by a given noise exposure varies from person to person. Noise-induced hearing loss first affects man's hearing of sounds higher in frequency than those essential for communication by speech. Therefore, most early noise-induced hearing losses pass unnoticed unless they are detected by suitable hearing tests. Four major factors
BOOK REVIEWS
Authors: W. G. NELSON
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1992)

BOOK REVIEWS Get access Apoptosis: The Molecular Basis of Cell Death L. David Tomei , Frederick O. Cope , eds. Plainview, N.Y. : Cold Spring Harbor Lab. Press , 1991 . 321 pp., illus. $44 WILLIAM G. NELSON WILLIAM G. NELSON The Johns Hopkins Oncology Service600 N. Wolfe St. Baltimore, MD 21205 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 84, Issue 14, 15 July 1992, Page 1121, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/84.14.1121 Published: 15 July 1992
Riboflavin Metabolism
Authors: Richard S. Rivlin
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1970)

THE importance of riboflavin (vitamin B2) in human nutrition has long been appreciated, despite the absence of an easily detectable deficiency syndrome. As the precursor of two coenzymes that participate in a wide variety of reactions in intermediary metabolism, riboflavin exerts an important controlling influence on bodily processes. In recent years quantitative methods have become available for assessing riboflavin nutrition and for exploring the pathophysiology of the deficiency state. Boles for the vitamin have been found in carcinogenesis, in teratogenesis and in hematologic disorders. New information has been obtained on hormonal regulation of riboflavin utilization. The present review . . .
Human growth hormone and human aging
Authors: E. Corpas
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (1993)

UNTIL recently, there has been little scientific inquiry into the physiological significance of, and possible therapy for, GH deficiency in adulthood. This was because the lack of efficacy in humans of animal-derived (e.g.1 bovine or porcine) GH and the limited supply of human cadaveric GH restricted use of exogenous GH to treatment of GHdeficient children. The availability of recombinant human GH (rhGH) has led to a renewal of scientific and clinical interest in investigating wider indications for GH administration. It is now recognized that GH deficiency may exert adverse metabolic effects in adults with panhypopituitarism, and that these effects can be reversed or attenuated by treatment with rhGH (1, 2). Recently, it has also become apparent that, with advancing age, an increasing proportion of men and women with no clinical evidence of pituitary pathology show decreases in GH secretion and serum levels of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) (3, 4). Because GH deficiency (1, 2) and normal aging (5) are both associated with decreases in protein synthesis and percent of lean body and bone mass, and with increases in percent of body fat, it is possible that reduced GH secretion and IGF-I levels might account, at least in part, for one or more of the above effects of aging, and that some older people might benefit from treatment with rhGH. In this regard, in several recent studies, administration of rhGH for periods varying from a few weeks to 6 months has resulted in improvements in nitrogen balance, an increase in lean body mass, and a decrease in percent body fat in older persons with low IGF-I levels (3, 4, 6, 7). We review herein the published work describing the alterations in GH and IGF-I production with increasing age, and the methods, benefits, and risks of GH treatment of older persons in the light of new knowledge regarding basic physiology of GH secretion and action. We also attempt to point out areas requiring further investigations.
Editorial: Tunnel tactics.
Journal: BMJ (1974)

Furthermore, the overdue Review Body report, presumably constrained by phase 3, is unlikely to prove an Aladdin's cave for them.The Owen Working Party, however, could yet save the day, provided it produces a speedy and constructive in- terim report on the consultant contract (see B.M.J., 1 June, p. 513).So probably the best advice to doctors at the moment is "Keep your cool," for ill-directed outbursts of anger harm friend and foe alike, and among the friends could be the patients.
Adoption of adjuvant chemotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer: A population-based outcomes study.
Authors: C. M. Booth, F. A. Shepherd, Y. Peng, G. E. Darling, G. Li, W. Kong, W. J. Mackillop
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

7018 Background: Since 2004 several clinical trials have demonstrated that adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT) improves survival in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Here we evaluate the uptake of ACT and its impact on outcomes in the general population of Ontario, Canada. Methods: All cases of NSCLC diagnosed in Ontario 2001-2006 who underwent surgical resection (N=6,311) were identified using the population-based Ontario Cancer Registry (OCR). The OCR captures diagnostic and demographic information on ∼98% of all incident cancer cases in Ontario. We linked electronic records of treatment to the registry. We described time trends in the uptake of ACT and compared hospitalizations and survival of all surgical patients diagnosed 2001-2003 with those diagnosed 2004-2006. Results: Demographic, disease, and treatment-related characteristics did not differ between the 2001-2003 and 2004-2006 cohorts. Over the study period the proportion of cases receiving ACT increased from 7% (192/2,953) to 31% (1,034/3,358, p<0.0001). In 2004-2006, ACT was used in 60% of cases with resected stage II/III disease. Among cases for which drug details were available, 82% of patients received cisplatin and 16% received carboplatin-based therapy. The proportion of cases admitted to hospital remained stable between 2001-2003 and 2004-2006: 36 and 37% within 6 months of surgery. However, within 2 years of surgery there was a 34% reduction in cases admitted to hospital with metastatic disease (p<0.0001). During the study period there was a substantial improvement in 4-year survival among all surgical cases from 52.5 to 56.1%, p=0.007. Younger age, less co-morbidity, shorter length of surgical hospital stay, more extensive surgery, stage II/III disease, and region where surgery was performed were independently associated with administration of ACT. Conclusions: There has been rapid uptake of ACT for NSCLC which is not associated with an increased rate of hospitalization. The adoption of ACT is associated with a substantial improvement in overall survival suggesting benefits seen in the relevant clinical trials are generalizable to the general population. Efforts to reduce underutilization of ACT in clinical practice are needed. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
KEYNOTE-164: Phase 2 study of pembrolizumab for patients with previously treated, microsatellite instability-high advanced colorectal carcinoma.
Authors: Dung T. Le, Thierry Andre, Tae Won Kim, Eric Van Cutsem, Dirk Jäger, Ravit Geva, Hiroki Hara, Tae-You Kim, Takayuki Yoshino, Matthew E. Burge, Hiroya Taniguchi, Elena Elez, Chloe Evelyn Atreya, Johanna C. Bendell, Minori Koshiji, Ruixue Wang, S. Peter Kang, Luis A. Diaz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

TPS3631 Background: A subset of advanced colorectal cancers (CRC) is characterized by mismatch repair (MMR) deficiency, leading to a microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) phenotype, features of which are a high mutational burden and lymphocytic infiltrates. Pembrolizumab is a monoclonal anti–PD-1 antibody designed to block the interaction between PD-1 and its ligands PD-L1 and PD-L2. In the phase 2 KEYNOTE-016 study, pembrolizumab provided an ORR of 62% in patients (pts) with progressive MMR-deficient metastatic CRC vs 0% in pts with MMR-proficient CRC. The multicenter, phase 2 KEYNOTE-164 trial (NCT02460198) will evaluate the efficacy and safety of pembrolizumab in pts with previously treated, advanced MSI-H CRC. Methods: Key eligibility criteria include age ≥ 18 y; advanced CRC; MSI-H phenotype evidenced by ≥ 2 allelic shifts using a PCR-based assay, or lack of expression of ≥ 1 MMR protein (MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, PMS2) by IHC; prior treatment with fluoropyrimidine, oxaliplatin, and irinotecan; ECOG PS 0-1; no active autoimmune disease or brain metastases; and no prior anticancer therapy within 2 wk of study treatment. Pembrolizumab 200 mg Q3W is to be administered for 35 cycles or until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, pt withdrawal, or investigator decision. Clinically stable pts with RECIST-defined progression may continue pembrolizumab until a scan performed ≥ 4 wk later confirms progression. Pts who complete all 35 cycles or discontinue pembrolizumab following a complete response and experience progression may be eligible for 1 y of pembrolizumab retreatment. Response is to be evaluated every 9 wk per RECIST v1.1 by central imaging vendor review and per RECIST adapted for immunotherapy response patterns. Adverse events (AEs) are to be assessed throughout treatment and for 30 d thereafter (90 d for serious AEs) and graded per NCI CTCAE v4.0. Pts are to be followed for survival every 9 wk. ORR per RECIST v1.1 by central imaging vendor review is the primary end point; secondary end points include PFS, OS, disease control rate, and DOR; ORR will also be assessed by the investigator. Enrollment will continue until ~60 pts have enrolled. Clinical trial information: NCT02460198.
Atrial Myxoma.
Authors: Michael N. Peters
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1973)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1973Atrial Myxoma.Michael N. Peters, M.D., Denton A. Cooley, M.D., Robert D. Leachman, M.D. F.A.C.P., Efrain Garcia, M.D., F.A.C.P., Robert J. Hall, M.D., F.A.C.P.Michael N. Peters, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Denton A. Cooley, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Robert D. Leachman, M.D. F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, Efrain Garcia, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, Robert J. Hall, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-78-5-819_4 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptAtrial myxoma has a distinctive clinical profile, but its diagnosis is often overlooked. Review of 17 patients with atrial myxoma observed in the last 16 years at the Texas Heart Institute shows features that strongly indicate the correct diagnosis.Each patient presents with various features of the classic triad of obstructive, embolic, and constitutional effects. Of 17 patients (average age, 47.6 years), 11 were women; 15 had left and 2, right, atrial myxoma. In most mitral valve disease was the referring diagnosis. Helpful distinguishing features were a short (<2-year) clinical course (9), denial of rheumatic fever (15), syncope or paroxysmal... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Houston, Texas PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1973Volume 78, Issue 5Page: 819-819KeywordsHeartPatient advocacyRheumatic feverSyncope ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1973 PDF downloadLoading ...
Targeted therapy for advanced solid tumors based on molecular profiles: Early results from MyPathway, an open-label, phase IIa umbrella basket study.
Authors: John D. Hainsworth, Funda Meric-Bernstam, Charles Swanton, Herbert Hurwitz, David R. Spigel, Christopher Sweeney, Howard A. Burris, Ron Bose, Shuangli Guo, Coen Bernaards, Mary Stanley Beattie, Alisha Stein, Melissa Brammer, Razelle Kurzrock
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

LBA11511 The full, final text of this abstract will be available at abstracts.asco.org at 7:30 AM (EDT) on Saturday, June 4, 2016, and in the Annual Meeting Proceedings online supplement to the June 20, 2016, issue of the Journal of Clinical Oncology. Onsite at the Meeting, this abstract will be printed in the Monday edition of ASCO Daily News.
Announcement: Community Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation for Intensive Lifestyle Interventions for Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2017)

September is National Food Safety Education Month.One of CDC's food safety objectives is to raise awareness about healthy practices to prevent food poisoning.Every year in the United States, an estimated one in six persons (48 million persons) become ill, and 3,000 die from eating contaminated food (1).Some persons are at higher risk for foodborne illnesses (food poisoning) or might experience more severe symptoms: children aged <5 years (2), adults aged ≥65 years (3), pregnant women, and those with immune systems compromised by medical conditions, such as cancer, diabetes, and human immunodeficiency virus infection, or by treatments such as chemotherapy.This year, CDC is focusing on raising awareness about these groups at high risk for foodborne illnesses.Persons in these groups should not eat undercooked animal products (e.g., meat, poultry, eggs, or seafood) (4), raw or lightly cooked sprouts, or unpasteurized milk and juices.They should also avoid eating soft cheese (e.g., queso fresco) unless the product's label indicates that it was made with pasteurized milk.Information about CDC's activities related to Food Safety Education Month can be found at https://www.cdc.gov/foodsafety/education-month.html.Information on preventing food poisoning can be found at https://www.cdc.gov/foodsafety/groups/consumers.html.
Access to quality cancer care: consensus statement. American Federation of Clinical Oncologic Societies.
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1998)

In his Presidential address on May 17, 1996, Dr John Glick proposed the formation of the American Federation of Clinical Oncologic Societies (AFCOS), a coalition of all professional clinical oncology societies. AFCOS was intended to address heightened concerns about changes in the health care delivery system and the impact that they may have on quality patient care. AFCOS places primary emphasis on educating patients, their families, health care providers, payors, legislators, regulators, and the general public about what constitutes quality care, advocating access to and coverage for such care, including clinical trials, and supporting and promoting patient-oriented research. Several meetings of the coalition have resulted in the development of a consensus statement on quality cancer care, which the Journal of Clinical Oncology is pleased to publish in this edition. The consensus statement was the product of collaboration among the Federation's nine member societies as well as national patient advocacy groups represented by the Cancer Leadership Council.
<i>Errata</i>: Vol. 65, No. SS-3
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2016)

The World Malaria Day 2016 theme, "End Malaria for Good," reflects a renewed global effort to eliminate malaria from countries with endemic malaria by the middle of this century.More than a century of global malaria control efforts resulted in the elimination of the disease from 24 countries by 1987, and progress toward elimination has accelerated in the last decade.In 2014, 16 additional countries reported no new annual cases, and in 2015, 33 additional countries reported fewer than 1,000 cases of malaria per year (1).Current malaria control initiatives, led by the World Health Organization; the Roll Back Malaria Partnership; the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria; and the U.S. President's Malaria Initiative, have contributed to important reductions in malaria morbidity and mortality during the last 15 years.Since 2005, donors have supported the procurement and distribution of approximately 1 billion insecticide-treated bed nets and approximately 1 billion artemisinin combination antimalarial treatments globally (1).As a result of these and other investments since 2000, the estimated number of malaria deaths worldwide declined 48% from 839,000 to 438,000 in 2015, an accomplishment estimated to have saved the lives of approximately 6.2 million persons, mostly children aged <5 years (1).Despite these improvements, 3.2 billion persons remain at risk for malaria each year.Through ongoing research to improve current interventions and develop new tools to support global malaria control, CDC and its global partners are committed to end malaria by preventing, detecting, and treating a growing portion of malaria cases.
Legionnaires Disease Associated With a Whirlpool Spa Display—Virginia, September-October 1996
Journal: JAMA (1997)

Contaminated whirlpool spas have been reported as a source of legionellosis. This report describes the preliminary findings of an ongoing investigation by the Virginia Department of Health (VDH) and CDC of a recent outbreak of Legionnaires disease in Virginia, which implicated a whirlpool spa display at a retail store as the source of infection.
Migration of surgical sponge into small intestine
Authors: L. B. Mason
Journal: JAMA (1968)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> The usual contraindications to use of methocarbamol, a well-known muscle relaxant, are hypersensitivity to the drug, and known or suspected renal disease (for the injectable form only, because of the vehicle). A recent case makes us wonder whether myasthenia gravis should not be added to this list. <h3>Report of a Case:—</h3> A 50-year-old white woman, was readmitted to the Veterans Administration hospital on Jan 8, 1968, for increasingly severe weakness and fatigability since a previous discharge July 3,1967. Since 1965 she has been treated for myasthenia gravis, effectively with pyridostigmine bromide since June 1966. After the appearance of the present symptoms, she tried successively an increase and a decrease of the doses of pyridostigmine bromide, with no improvement whatever. Because of constant back pains "for quite a while," she had been taking methocarbamol orally and propoxyphene hydrochloride, with satisfactory results. At the time of admission, neostigmine methylsulfate
Small intestine/absorption/malabsorption
Authors: E Schlichting, T Asplin, H Kahler, T Lyberg
Journal: Gut (1994)

Endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide, LPS) interacts with several plasma protein systems and blood cells, causing release of a multitude of endogenous medi- ators that contribute to the pathophysiologic process of septic shock.Plasma is also known to be a potent LPS inhibitor.Although many serum proteins and blood cells may bind LPS it is difficult to evaluate the relative importance of such interactions.Methods and results: Binding of radiolabelled 1251-LPS to human blood cells were investigated in the following sets of experiments: 1251-LPS (0.1- 10 jtg/ml) were incubated with whole blood (heparinized) for 2-12 hours at 37°C.Plasma and formed blood elements were isolated and the major part (80%) of the 1251-LPS was recovered in plasma, 6-7% was associated with the blood platelets, whereas only small amounts (<2%) were retained in gran- ulocytes, erythrocytes, monocytes and lymphocytes.Incubation of freshly isolated blood cells with either 1251-LPS or FITC-LPS and subsequent analysis by radioactive counting, autoradiography, flow cytometry and immunofluo- rescence microscopy showed that monocytes were by far the most effective blood cell binding LPS.Purified lipoprotein fractions incubated with 1 jig/ml 1251-LPS for 2 h at 37°C were subjected to lipoprotein electrophoresis and staining and subsequent autoradiography.1251-LPS bound to all lipoprotein fractions (HDLULDLNLDL).The same result was obtained when heparinized plasma orwhole blood were incubated with 0.1-10 jg/ml 1251-LPS.Superose 12 chromatography of 1251-LPS incubated plasma showed 2 marked peaks; on November 24,