tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A strategy for health manpower. Reflections on an experience called MEDEX
Authors: R. A. Smith
Journal: JAMA (1971)

MEDEX is a program creating a new class of medical professionals who are helping overworked physicians provide more and better medical care. The program takes advantage of training given medical corpsmen by the Armed Forces. Working with a physician, the Medex relieves the practitioner of much routine work not requiring a physician's sophisticated knowledge and skill. The MEDEX Program experience has developed a technological tool which has implications for many facets of the health manpower field, including the training of paraphysicians who have not had previous health training. The nomenclature in this rapidly emerging field of physician support personnel is garbed in confusion. The MEDEX Program has given us an opportunity to base health professional imagery upon actual performance rather than traditional roles. We have thus been stimulated to offer nomenclature alternatives based upon performance rather than hierarchically based terminology.
Colin Hemming
Authors: W. Lewis
Journal: BMJ (2014)

The present investigation reports the production of monoclonal antibodies to antigenic determinants of the O-polysaccharide of Salmonella typhimurium lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and assesses the effectiveness of these antibodies in protecting C3H mice against the lethal effects of Salmonella infection. Hybridomas were generated by fusing spleen cells from (BALB/c X A/J)F1 (CAF1) mice hyperimmunized by i.v. injection with acetone-killed S. typhimurium SR-11 with X63-Ag8.653 murine myeloma cells. Hybridomas producing antibodies reactive with S. typhimurium SR-11 whole cells were subcloned, and seven of the resulting clones as well as one previously described clone were selected for use in the studies reported here. Monoclonal antibodies from these eight clones were of the IgG1 (1), IgG3 (6), or IgM (1) isotype and were specific for the O-polysaccharide region of Salmonella LPS, reacting with LPS from smooth S. typhimurium SR-11 and LT-2, but not with LPS from rough S. minnesota R60 (Ra), R345 (Rb), or R595 (Re). The effectiveness of each monoclonal antibody in protecting C3H/HeN and C3H/HeJ mice against the lethal effects of Salmonella infection was evaluated by comparing the median length of survival of groups of mice given antibody by i.p. injection before i.p. challenge with virulent S. typhimurium SR-11 to that of animals that received no antibody. Three out of eight monoclonal anti-O-polysaccharide antibodies, ST-1 (IgM), 10-5-47 (IgG3), and 10-5-6 (IgG3), provided significant (p less than 0.01) protection to C3H/HeN mice challenged with approximately 10(4) LD100 of Salmonella. Only antibodies ST-1 and 10-5-6, however, extended the median length of survival of C3H/HeJ mice beyond that of infected controls. Mouse antiserum prepared against S. typhimurium SR-11 was equally protective in C3H/HeJ mice. In an attempt to understand the contribution of antibody specificity to the relative differences in the protective capacities of the monoclonal antibodies, their reactivities with several Salmonella reference strains of different classical serotypes were examined. Although some differences in reactivity against the different strains were apparent, this approach was not adequate for defining the fine specificity of these monoclonal antibodies. The results of this study provide evidence that monoclonal antibodies with specificity to the O-polysaccharide region of Salmonella LPS can protect C3H mice against challenge with the homologous bacterial strain.
Antibiotic therapy for Vibrio vulnificus infection
Authors: J. G. Morris
Journal: JAMA (1985)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> Goldberg and colleagues have pointed out a number of reasons why our group of phenobarbital-overdosed patients treated with repeated doses of charcoal may have been more ill than the control group. They suggest this because of some differences in the numbers of patients in the single-dose and repeated-dose groups that had high phenytoin or alcohol concentrations, aspiration pneumonia, low mean arterial pressure, and high Fio<sub>2</sub>requirement. We looked at the data from each subject to see if patients with these factors had longer coma times than the others in the group. This was not the case. Patient 9, aged 32 years, at the time of hospital admission, had a mean arterial pressure of 26 mm Hg and aspiration pneumonia, required an Fio<sub>2</sub>of 0.4, a blood alcohol concentration of 87 mg/dL<i>and</i>a serum phenytoin concentration of 25 μg/mL However, it was only 44 hours after
Thyroid failure in the elderly. Microsomal antibodies as discriminant for therapy
Authors: M. J. Rosenthal
Journal: JAMA (1987)

Thyrotropin (thyroid-stimulating hormone [TSH]) levels were elevated above 4.0 mU/L (μU/mL) in serum samples from 13.2% of 258 healthy elderly subjects. To investigate the natural history of progressive thyroid failure, serial thyroid functions were measured for four years in 26 of these subjects with elevated TSH levels. In one third of these subjects, biochemical thyroid failure developed (thyroxine level&lt;58 nmol/L [4.5 μg/dL]) within the course of the study. All subjects with initial TSH levels above 20 mU/L (μU/mL), and 80% of those with high-titer thyroid antimicrosomal antibodies (regardless of initial TSH level), became overtly hypothyroid. Compared with subjects with high-titer antibody, those with antibody titer less than 1:1600 had lower TSH and higher thyroxine levels, and thyroid failure developed in none during the study. These results suggest that among older patients with isolated elevations of the TSH level, only those with markedly elevated TSH levels or high-titer antimicrosomal antibodies should be prophylactically treated with levothyroxine sodium replacement. (<i>JAMA</i>1987;258:209-213)
OC-094 Assessment of obstructive defecation by high resolution manometry compared to magnetic resonance defecography
Authors: H Heinrich, H Fruehauf, M Fried, M Sauter, M R Fox
Journal: Gut (2012)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Patients with obstructive defecation may have abnormalities of anorectal function or structure. Standard investigation by manometry shows only fair agreement with patient symptoms and defecography. Anorectal high resolution manometry (HRM) may improve diagnostic accuracy by differentiating pressure effects caused by contraction vs straining and by avoiding movement artifacts. <h3>Aims</h3> This study compared HRM findings with magnetic resonance (MR) defecography in the clinical assessment of patients with obstructive defecation defined by Rome III criteria as straining at stool with the sensation of incomplete evacuation, blockage sensation or digital facilitation. <h3>Methods</h3> HRM was performed by a solid state catheter with 10 circumferential sensors at 6 mm separation across the anal canal and two placed 5 cm proximal in the rectum (Manoscan AR 360, Given). Resting tone, squeeze pressure and dynamic pressure activity during bearing down were analysed. Findings were referred to MR defecography (1.5T, Philips) performed with 250 ml enema labelled with paramagnetic contrast as reference standard for pelvic floor anatomy and function. <h3>Results</h3> 188 consecutive patients (155 female; age 19–93) referred with symptoms of obstructive defecation had full investigation. MRI diagnosis revealed anorectal dyssynergia with paradoxical contraction in 59 and structural pathology in 124 patients (rectocele (n=68) and rectocele with intususception (n=33), pelvic floor descent with enterocele (n=28) or prolapse (n=7), pelvic floor descent (n=87) most patients had multiple pathologies. Five patients were excluded because of inconclusive MRI findings. Compared to patients with dyssynergia, those with structural pathology had lower resting (65 vs 86 mm Hg; p&lt;0.003); and squeeze pressure (150 vs 181 mm Hg; p&lt;0.011). On simulated defecation a negative rectoanal pressure gradient was more evident in dyssynergia than structural pathology (p&lt;0.0001). In patients with dyssynergia on MRI, HRM showed paradoxical contraction or failure to increase abdominal pressure without anal relaxation (sensitivity 100% (59/59); specificity 94% (117/124)). One patient with normal findings on MRI but paradoxical contraction on HRM had an anal fissure. A pattern of high intra-rectal pressure with a steep, positive pressure gradient indicating outlet obstruction in the anal canal was observed on HRM in n=26 patients with rectocele with intussusception on MRI. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Diagnostic agreement between anorectal HRM and MR defecography is high and pressure measurements accurately identify recto-anal dyssynergia. A steep intraanal pressure gradient is indicative of outlet obstruction by structural pathology as a cause of obstructive defecation. <h3>Competing interests</h3> None declared.
Congenital Syphilis
Authors: Laurene Mascola
Journal: JAMA (1984)

A total of 159 cases of early congenital syphilis were reported in the United States during 1982, with Texas reporting 50 cases. We reviewed these Texas cases to identify the most important characteristics on which to focus control efforts. Thirty-eight mothers were 25 years of age or younger; 33 were unmarried. All were from minority groups. No congenital syphilis occurred in whites. Blacks were twice as likely as Hispanics to have an infected infant. Foreign-born Hispanic women were three times more likely to be delivered of an infected child than Hispanics born in the United States. Attendance at prenatal care facilities significantly affected the risk of being delivered of an infected child in both black and Hispanic women; 31 women received no prenatal care. Based on these findings, congenital syphilis in Texas can be reduced primarily through improving prenatal care for high-risk populations and by refining casefinding efforts to control infectious syphilis in the community. (<i>JAMA</i>1984;252:1719-1722)
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) reinfection after liver transplantation: Outcome and factors associated with severe graft disease . Liver Section and Department of Pathology#, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Mara��n, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

Cow calves were infected with Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) by parenteral inoculation. One batch was reinfected with JEV, followed by West Nile virus (WNV), while another batch was reinfected directly with WNV. No viraemia due to either JEV or WNV was demonstrated in any of the calves. Culex tritaeniorhynchus mosquitoes fed on 4 of the calves infected with JEV during the first 10 d had no detectable virus, nor did they transmit the virus by bite to susceptible baby chickens. In another experiment, calves did not develop viraemia after infected C. tritaeniorhynchus mosquitoes were allowed to feed on them. Neutralizing and/or haemagglutination-inhibiting antibodies against JEV were demonstrated in 6 of the 11 calves, which explains the high proportion of JE seropositives among cattle in India. All the 5 calves that were infected with WNV subsequent to JEV developed neutralizing and haemagglutination-inhibiting antibodies against WNV also. The study indicates that cattle do not play a role in the maintenance of JEV in nature.
DISINFECTION BY THE NEW YORK BOARD OF HEALTH.
Journal: JAMA (1892)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
American Review of Respiratory Diseases, New York
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
THE JOURNAL AND ITS FRIENDS.THE JOURNAL AND THE ASSOCIATION.
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Elsewhere in this issue
Authors: S. Vaisrub
Journal: JAMA (1977)

A "go-with" editorial generally attempts to highlight, clarify, amplify, or put into perspective the message of an important article published in the same issue. The attempt becomes an exercise in diffusion when the article bears not one but a dozen messages. Focusing then presents a problem. Such a multi-messaged paper is the case report by Crosby (p 2627). The patient, a former movie and television actress, has acute leukemia of recent onset and chronic severe lead poisoning caused by a prescribed calcium supplement made from horse bone. Despite symptoms typical of lead intoxication, the diagnosis eluded more than a score of physicians over a period of years. It was ultimately made by the patient herself. Clearly, the report has important implications for epidemiologists, toxicologists, clinicians, psychiatrists, oncologists, health-food manufacturers, and the Food and Drug Administration. It is also meaningful to a student of human nature. Where, then, should the editorial
Book Review An Index of Symptomatology . By Various Writers. Edited by H. Letheby Tidy, M.A., M.D. Oxon., F.R.C.P. Lond., Assistant Physician, St. Thomas's Hospital; Consulting Physican, Royal Northern Hospital. With one hundred and thirty illustrations, some in color. New York. William Wood and Company. 1929. pp. 710. Price $12.00.
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1929)
Correction: Bioprosthetic Valve Degeneration
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2001)

Corrections6 February 2001Correction: Bioprosthetic Valve DegenerationFREESearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-134-3-200102060-00029 SectionsAboutVisual AbstractPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail In a letter to the editor on bioprosthetic valve degeneration in the setting of hemodialysis (1), the second sentence of the letter should read “ Surgery was performed by using a 25-mm Carpentier-Edwards porcine valve” rather than “Stenosis was performed. …”Reference1. Hahn HS, Maze SS. Rapid bioprosthetic valve degeneration in a patient undergoing hemodialysis [Letter]. Ann Intern Med. 2000;132:847. LinkGoogle Scholar Comments0 CommentsSign In to Submit A Comment Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoRapid Bioprosthetic Valve Degeneration in a Patient Undergoing Hemodialysis Harvey S. Hahn and Seymour S. Maze Metrics 6 February 2001Volume 134, Issue 3Page: 254KeywordsStenosisSurgery ePublished: 6 February 2001 Issue Published: 6 February 2001 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2001 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
CORRECTION
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The role of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt for treatment of portal hypertension and its complications: A conference sponsored by the National Digestive Diseases Advisory Board
Authors: M SHIFFMAN
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunting (TIPS) is a recently developed radiological procedure that involves the creation of a parenchymal tract between the portal and hepatic veins followed by reinforcement of the tract with a metallic stent.The technical feasibility for this procedure was initially shown by Gutierrez et a1 in dogs in which a prosthetic stent was used to bridge the portal and hepatic veins.'This was soon followed by reports from Colapinto et aI2 and Gordon et a13 that intrahepatic parenchymal tracts between hepatic and portal veins could be successfully created in humans.In the 1980s metalic stents and special catheter systems necessary for their deployment were developed and used by Palmaz et a14 and Rosch et, al.536These steps pioneered the present era and widespread acceptance of TIPS as a therapeutic tool for treatment of portal hypertension and its compli-cation~.~.'~ TIPS can now be performed in an angiography suite by experienced operators within 30 to 120 minutes using conscious sedation.This procedure is unquestionably effective in decreasing portal pressure, functioning in much the same manner as a surgically created side-to-side portocaval shunt.Two large series have recently been published that describe the use of TIPS in patients with bleeding esophageal and gastric varices who were refractory to conventional medical treatment including sclerotherapy.lO,llThese studies documented that TIPS can achieve immediate control of variceal hemorrhage with minimal complications.These reports have led to the widespread use of TIPS in both academic and community medical centers.For patients with life-threatening variceal hemorrhage unresponsive to conventional medical and endo-
Dancers' Syndrome
Journal: JAMA (1978)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal