tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Health Services Research, Chicago
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Characterization of Rat Hepatic Acetyltransferase
Authors: Susan J. Land, Charles M. King
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1994)

Rat liver cytosol is capable of N-acetylation (NAT) of arylamines, O-acetylation (OAT) of arylhydroxylamines, and NO-acetyltransfer (AHAT) of arylhydroxamic acids.Physical, enzymatic, and immunochemical techniques now support the conclusion that a single 32 kDa protein accounts for all of these activities.Of the five immunoglobulin (lgG1) mouse monoclonal antibodies (mAb) produced against this protein, each affected one or more of these acetylation activities.When mixed with rat hepatic cytosol and then chromatographed on a gel filtration column, mAbs 1 F2 and 5F8 increased the apparent size of all enzymes capable of acetylation from 32 kDa to the exclusion volume.Each of the mAbs reacted with only a single 32 kDa protein on SDS-PAGE/VVestern blots, regardless of the state of purity of the enzyme.This enzyme is unstable in low salt solutions, as reflected by a relative loss in NAT versus AHAT activity, but it does not result in changes in either molecular weight or isoelectric point (pl).A second form of insta- bility is shown by the formation of more basic peptides with pls as high as 6, again without change in molecular weight.Although NAT activity is retained in acetyltransferase (AT) that has a minimally modified pl, further increases in pl result in total loss of enzyme activity.The differential effects of the mAbs on AT suggest that the ratios of NAT, OAT, and AHAT may be highly dependent on the conformation of the enzyme and, con- sequently, provide insight as to why the abilities of ATs from different species exhibit such dissimilar potentials for the activation of aromatic amines by OAT and AHAT.
Chromosomal Abnormality in Acute Myeloblastic Leukemia
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Changes in myocardial perfusion abnormalities by positron emission tomography after long-term, intense risk factor modification
Authors: K. L. Gould
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To quantify changes in size and severity of myocardial perfusion abnormalities by positron emission tomography (PET) in patients with coronary artery disease after 5 years of risk factor modification. <h3>Design.</h3> —Randomized controlled trial. <h3>Setting.</h3> —Outpatient community setting. <h3>Intervention.</h3> —Randomization of patients to risk factor modification consisting of very low-fat vegetarian diet, mild to moderate exercise, stress management, and group support (experimental group, n=20) or to usual care by their own physicians, consisting principally of antianginal therapy (control group, n=15). <h3>Main Outcome Measures.</h3> —Quantitative coronary arteriography and PET at baseline and 5 years after randomization. Automated, objective measures of size and severity of perfusion abnormalities on rest-dipyridamole PET images and of stenosis severity on arteriograms were made by computer algorithms. <h3>Results.</h3> —Size and severity of perfusion abnormalities on dipyridamole PET images decreased (improved) after risk factor modification in the experimental group compared with an increase (worsening) of size and severity in controls. The percentage of left ventricle perfusion abnormalities outside 2.5 SDs of those of normal persons (based on 20 disease-free individuals) on the dipyridamole PET image of normalized counts worsened in controls (mean ±SE, +10.3%±5.6%) and improved in the experimental group (mean ±SE, −5.1 %±4.8%) (<i>P</i>=.02); the percentage of left ventricle with activity less than 60% of the maximum activity on the dipyridamole PET image of normalized counts worsened in controls (+13.5%± 3.8%) and improved in the experimental group (−4.2%±3.8%) (<i>P</i>=.002); and the myocardial quadrant on the PET image with the lowest average activity expressed as a percentage of maximum activity worsened in controls (−8.8%±2.3%) and improved in the experimental group (+4.9%±3.3%)(<i>P</i>=.001 ). The size and severity of perfusion abnormalities on resting PET images were also significantly improved in the experimental group as compared with controls. The relative magnitude of changes in size and severity of PET perfusion abnormalities was comparable to or greater than the magnitude of changes in percent diameter stenosis, absolute stenosis lumen area, or stenosis flow reserve documented by quantitative coronary arteriography. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —Modest regression of coronary artery stenoses after risk factor modification is associated with decreased size and severity of perfusion abnormalities on rest-dipyridamole PET images. Progression or regression of coronary artery disease can be followed noninvasively by dipyridamole PET reflecting the integrated flow capacity of the entire coronary arterial circulation. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1995;274:894-901)
Presymptomatic diagnosis of delayed-onset disease with linked DNA markers. The experience in Huntington's disease
Authors: J. Brandt
Journal: JAMA (1989)

Clinical medicine in the 21st century is almost certain to include wide-scale use of molecular genetic diagnostic tests. In September 1986, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine initiated a voluntary program of presymptomatic genetic testing for Huntington's disease for persons at 50% risk. DNA analyses using the D4S10 (G8), D4S43, and D4S95 locus probes have been performed for 55 people. Twelve of the tests have yielded positive results, 30 were negative, and 13 were uninformative. Initial reactions ranged from joy and relief to disappointment, sadness, and demoralization. Thus far, there have been no severe depressive reactions. Although the sample size is small, our data suggest that people who receive genetic test results cope well, at least over the short term, when the testing is performed in a clinical context that includes education, pretest counseling, psychological support, and regular follow-up. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1989;261:3108-3114)
NHS security beds.
Journal: BMJ (1979)

NHS security bedsReaders of the BMJ are well aware of the controversy since 1974 about introducing so-called security units into the National Health Service.It was in 1974 that the Butler Committee issued its interim report urging the Government to fund-and regions to provide-special security units for some psychiatric patients, especially those mentally abnormal offenders who were not getting into hospitals.'The Govern-
Insulin Administration
Journal: Diabetes Care (1991)

Insulin Administration Insulin is necessary for normal carbohydrate, protein, and fat metabolism.People with insulin-dependent (type I) diabetes mellitus do not produce enough of this hormone to sustain life and therefore depend on exogenous insulin for survival.In contrast, individuals with non-insulin-dependent (type II) diabetes are not dependent on exogenous insulin for survival.However, over time, many of these individuals will show decreased insulin production, therefore requiring supplemental insulin for adequate blood glucose control, especially during times of stress or illness.An insulin regimen is often required in the treatment of secondary diabetes, i.e., diabetes occurring in relation to other disease states such as pancreatic disease.Insulin is also used in some cases of gestational diabetes to obtain optimum blood glucose control.In all instances of insulin use, the insulin dosage must be individualized and balanced with food intake and exercise.This position statement addresses issues regarding the use of conventional insulin administration (i.e., via a needle and syringe) in the self-care of the individual with diabetes.It does not address the use of other insulindelivery methods, e.g., jet injectors, insulin pen devices, or insulin pumps. INSULINInsulin is obtained from beef or pork pancreas or is made chemically identical to human insulin by recombinant DNA technology or chemical modification of pork insulin.
CHORIONEPITHELIOMATOUS PROLIFERATIONS IN TERATOMATA, ESPECIALLY IN THOSE OF THE TESTICLE; WITH THREE NEW CASES.
Authors: ROBERT T. FRANK
Journal: JAMA (1906)

<h3>1. INTRODUCTION.</h3><h3>I. GENERAL REMARKS.</h3> In recent years a peculiar form of tumor, known as chorionepithelioma, has been noted in connection with pregnancy. Since attention has been directed to this growth the reported cases have rapidly multiplied, so that they no longer should be regarded as a pathologic curiosity, but rather as a dangerous neoplasm with which the clinician may be confronted at any time, and which may convert, without warning, an apparently normal pregnancy into a rapidly fatal illness. Hardly had these tumors become generally known, when renewed and added interest was aroused by the discovery of similar tumors in teratomata of the testicle. The resemblance of these two varieties of growths, though occurring under such diametrically opposite conditions, was too striking long to escape notice it has been the effort of numerous workers to prove the kinship of chorionepitheliomata connected with pregnancy with those of teratomata. In order
Planning and resources are needed to help refugees
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Tobacco will kill a third of the young men in China China now consumes a third of the world's cigarettes, and on pp 1411 and 1423 Liu et al and Niu et al report large nationwide retrospective and prospective studies of the hazards of tobacco, with closely concordant results.The pattern of disease caused by smoking varies widely from one part of China to another, and between China and the West, but the overall risk is substantial and growing.In Britain and America about half of all persistent cigarette smokers are eventually killed by tobacco, and about the same overall risks will be seen in China.Two thirds of the young men become persistent smokers, so about 100 million of the 0.3 billion Chinese men now aged 0-29 will be killed by tobacco in middle or old age.
SICKNESS IN THE BRITISH SOUDAN FORCES: A COMPARISON.
Journal: JAMA (1898)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
THE PAIN OF GASTRIC ULCER
Journal: JAMA (1927)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
AN OPERATION FOR TUBERCULOSIS OF THE WRIST
Journal: JAMA (1920)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
THE PSYCHOLOGIC MOMENT IN SURGERY.
Journal: JAMA (1902)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Segregation of Pneumonia
Journal: JAMA (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
OC-016 The Toll-like Receptor Pathway Is Recurrently Mutated In Oesophageal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: DR Fels Elliott, CS Ross-Innes, MD Eldridge, RC Fitzgerald
Journal: Gut (2014)

<h3>Introduction</h3> The interaction between the oesophageal microbiota and the inflammatory microenvironment in Barrett’s carcinogenesis is poorly understood. One of the mechanisms by which microbiota may induce chronic inflammation is by triggering Toll-like receptor (TLR) signalling and activation of nuclear factor kappa B. We aimed to utilise whole genome sequencing (WGS) data to investigate TLR mutations and expression in oesophageal adenocarcinoma (OAC), with a focus on TLR9. <h3>Methods</h3> We interrogated the mutational profiles of 66 OAC samples, with matched germline references from each case, which had undergone WGS as part of the oesophageal ICGC study. All mutations were verified using PCR and Sanger sequencing. To further explore TLR9 expression along the Barrett’s progression sequence, we performed TLR9 immunohistochemistry on tissue microarray samples including normal squamous oesophagus (N=16), duodenum (N=14), non-dysplastic Barrett’s (N=53), low-grade dysplasia (N=13), high-grade dysplasia (N=25) and OAC (N=338). Within the large cohort of OAC samples we binarised the intensity scores (0–1 and 2–3) and examined whether there were any significant differences in relation to clinicopathologic variables (TNM stage, histological grade, lymphovascular invasion, survival). <h3>Results</h3> We identified missense mutations in TLR pathway genes in 8/66 (12.1%) of OAC samples, including <i>TLR1</i> (1.5%), <i>TLR4</i> (3%), <i>TLR7</i> (1.5%), <i>TLR9</i> (3%), <i>MYD88 </i>(1.5%), and <i>TRAF6</i> (1.5%). TLR9 protein was expressed more highly in Barrett’s and OAC than normal oesophageal squamous tissue (p &lt; 0.001). The expression in Barrett’s was similar to duodenum, however immunopositivity was increased in OAC (p &lt; 0.05) compared with this control tissue. The staining intensity was generally consistent throughout the Barrett’s progression sequence with strong immunopositivity (intensity score 3) in 7.7–14.5% of samples. Within the OAC cohort, there was no significant association between TLR9 expression and any of the clinicopathological variables tested. The only significant difference in survival was observed in a small subset of patients with metastatic disease (N = 14 patients), where median survival was significantly decreased for patients with TLR9 intensity score 2–3 (8 months ± 2.24 (standard error)) compared to patients with TLR9 intensity score 0–1 (18 months ± 6.57), p &lt; 0.05. <h3>Conclusion</h3> TLR pathway genes appear to be recurrently mutated in OAC, which given the mutational context and heterogeneity of disease<sup>1 </sup> could represent significant involvement of the TLR signalling pathway in Barrett’s carcinogenesis. <h3>Reference</h3> 1 Dulak AM, <i><i>et al</i>.</i> Exome and whole-genome sequencing of esophageal adenocarcinoma identifies recurrent driver events and mutational complexity. <i>Nat Genet</i>. 2013 May;45(5):478-86 <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared.
Pancreatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland
Journal: Gut (1984)

Departtnentof Pathology, Western Infirmarv, Glasgow) Islet cell antibodies have been found up to three years before presentation in insulin dependent diabetes mellitus.suggesting a prolonged latent period in the disease.As pathological material is not available during this time the best chance of observing the morphological expression of the disease in the pancreas is in patients who die at or near presentation.In a necropsy review of deaths from diabetes mellitus.nine children died within 24 hours of diagnosis of diabetes (acute diabetes).Two children who survived several years were termed chronic diabetics.In these two.pancreatic islets were uniformly CCK inhibits the action of gastrin on the pancreas
Cigarette smoking and vertebral body deformity
Authors: G. Jones
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Cigarette smoking has been consistently associated with osteoporosis<sup>1,2</sup>and both appendicular<sup>3</sup>and vertebral<sup>4</sup>fractures. The increase in fracture risk is thought to be mediated by a decrease in bone density, but this has not been directly assessed for spinal fractures. We studied the relationship between cigarette smoking, bone density, and vertebral deformity in 300 elderly men and women participating in the Dubbo Osteoporosis Epidemiology Study (DOES). The city of Dubbo has a population of approximately 32 000 people and is situated 400 km northwest of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. This community includes approximately 1600 men and 2100 women aged 60 years or older (as of January 1, 1989), 98.6% of whom are white. Subjects were invited to participate in DOES, which commenced in 1989. By the end of 1993, 1950 subjects (62%) of a surviving total target population of 2900 were participating. Using