tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Chance or necessity? Insertional Mutagenesis in Gene Therapy and Its Consequences
Authors: C Baum
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2003)

Recently, unusual forms of leukemias have developed as complications following retroviral transfer of potentially therapeutic genes into hematopoietic cells. A crucial component in the pathogenesis of these complications was the upregulation of a cellular proto-oncogene by random insertion of the retroviral gene transfer vector. These findings have great implications for the genetic manipulation of somatic stem cells in medicine. This review discusses the extent to which the random oncogene activation may have required disease-specific stimuli of the transgene and the hematopoietic milieu to become leukemogenic. Based on these considerations, we propose approaches to risk prediction and prevention.
Improved antibiotic usage following introduction of a novel prescription system
Authors: W. A. Durbin
Journal: JAMA (1981)

We investigated the impact of a novel antibiotic prescription system on antibiotic use. After a two-month baseline monitoring period, an antibiotic prescription form was introduced on surgical and medical wards, which obliged physicians to categorize antibiotic use as prophylactic, empirical (culture results unavailable), or therapeutic. Depending on the category, administration of antibiotics was automatically discontinued after two days (prophylactic), three days (empirical), or seven days (therapeutic) unless the physician renewed the order or specified an alternate duration of administration. In the subsequent two-month intervention period, 233 (60%) of 390 surgical patients received prophylactic antibiotics compared with 281 (68%) of 413 in the baseline period. Mean duration of prophylaxis was reduced from 4.9±2.4 days to 2.9±1.6 days. In the intervention period, 11% of patients received their first prophylactic dose postoperatively, compared with a 30% baseline rate. The percentage of urology patients receiving appropriate therapy for urinary tract infection increased from 38% to 89%. No significant changes in antibiotic use were noted on the medical service. This antibiotic prescription system may have a substantial impact on antibiotic use. (<i>JAMA</i>1981;246:1796-1800)
A WORD ON THE MODERN USE OF THE TERMS INFECTION AND CONTAGION.
Authors: R. HARVEY REED
Journal: JAMA (1996)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Editor's Choice
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2019)

How useful is optical coherence tomography for diagnosis of basal cell carcinoma? A quantitative reviewReddy and Nguyen present an insightful review on optical coherence tomography (OCT).They explain that OCT is a noninvasive near-infrared imaging technology that can be utilized to diagnose basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) based on specifi c morphological features.Their aim with this study was to conduct a quantitative review using tumour-level data from published studies in order to assess the in vivo diagnostic accuracy of different OCT systems, and to determine the correlation between OCT features and histopathological diagnosis.They also studied factors that impact on the accuracy of tumour depth estimation.Primary tumour-level data were extracted from published studies on the use of timedomain (TD-OCT), frequency-domain (FD-OCT) and high-defi nition (HD-OCT) systems for diagnosis
Phase II results of GANNET53: A European multicenter phase I/randomized II trial of the Hsp90 inhibitor Ganetespib (G) combined with weekly Paclitaxel (P) in women with high-grade serous, high-grade endometrioid, or undifferentiated, platinum-resistant epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube or primary peritoneal cancer.
Authors: Nicole Concin, Ioana Braicu, Pierre Combe, Isabelle Laure Ray-Coquard, Florence Joly, Philipp Harter, Pauline Wimberger, Jean-Pierre Lotz, Atanas Ignatov, Barbara Schmalfeldt, Els van Nieuwenhuysen, Silvia Darb-Esfahani, Marina Riedmann, Alain G Zeimet, Sven Mahner, Eric Pujade-Lauraine, Christian Marth, Regina Berger, Jalid Sehouli, Ignace Vergote
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2018)

5567 Background: Stabilized mutant p53 protein (mutp53) is a novel target in ovarian cancer. Mutp53 proteins depend on folding support by the Hsp90 chaperone. Hsp90 blockade induces degradation of mutp53, resulting in anti-tumor cytotoxicity and increased sensitivity to chemotherapeutics. The GANNET53 trial (EUDRACT 2013-003868-31, FP7 project funded by the European Union) tests the combination of Ganetespib (G) with Paclitaxel (P) in platinum-resistant epithelial ovarian cancer (PROC) patients (pts). Methods: Eligible pts had PROC, ≤ 4 prior chemotherapy lines, high-grade histology, disease measurable according to RECIST 1.1 or assessable according to GCIG CA-125 criteria. Pts were randomized in a 2:1 manner to receive weekly P (80 mg/m²) + G (150 mg/m²) or weekly P alone. Treatment was given i.v. on days 1, 8, 15 in a 28 day cycle until disease progression. Primary endpoint was PFS, secondary endpoints were OS, ORR, PFS2, safety, PRO and PK. Results: A total of 133 pts (median age 61 years, range 40-81) were enrolled. Median follow-up was 10.0 months in the ITT population. The study was prematurely closed for active recruitment due to unsecured drug supply with G (initially planned 222 pts). In the ITT population, median PFS was 3.5 and 5.3 months for P+G and P, respectively (p = 0.16; HR 1.3, 95%CI: 0.897-1.895). OS was 11.0 and 14.9 months, respectively (p = 0.13; HR 1.4, 95%CI: 0.902-2.171). The most frequent related gr 1/2 AEs in the P+G arm were typical transient (1-2 days) diarrhea (79% of pts), anemia (46%), nausea (41%), and peripheral neuropathy (36%), and in the P arm anemia (51%), peripheral neuropathy (47%), nausea (40%) and diarrhea (26%). Most frequent related > gr 2 AEs in the P+G arm were neutrophil count decrease (12% of pts), diarrhea (11%), and anemia (8%) and in the P arm anemia (9%), neutrophil count decrease (9%) and diarrhea (5%). ORR, PFSII and detailed safety data and analyses in PP population will be presented. Conclusions: The addition of G to weekly P did not improve survival in PROC patients. Clinical trial information: EUDRACT 2013-003868-31.
Handbook of Poisoning: Diagnosis and Treatment.
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 763: The regulation of miR-125b1-<i>peroxiredoxin like 2A</i> anti-oxidative activity in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Yi-Fen Chen, Yun-Yen Wei, Cheng-Chieh Yang, Kuo-Wei Chang, Shu-Chun Lin
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Head and neck cancer, including oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), is the sixth most common cancer worldwide. MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that are involved in the modulation of biological/pathological properties. Peroxiredoxin like 2A (PRXL2A) has been reported to be an antioxidant protein that protects cells from oxidative stress. Our previous study identified an association between PRXL2A up-regulation in OSCC and a worse patient prognosis. The miR-125 family of genes drive pluripotent regulation across a wide variety of cancers. In this study, we identify the oncogene eligibility of PRXL2A and clarify miR-125b as its upstream regulator. Down-regulation of miR-125b can be observed in OSCC tumors. Lower miR-125b expression in tumors results in a worse patient prognosis at the relatively early stage. Reporter assays were able to validate that PRXL2A is a direct target of miR-125b. Exogenous miR-125b expression in OSCC cells results in increased oxidative stress and drug sensitivity, and suppressor activity that is paralleled by the knockout of PRXL2A gene. The suppressor activity of miR-125b is able to be rescued by PRXL2A, which suggests the existence of a miR-125b-PRXL2A regulatory axis that is part of OSCC pathogenesis. Nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor was found to be a downstream effector of the miR-125b-PRXL2A cascade. As a whole, this study has pinpointed novel clues demonstrating that down-regulation of miR-125b suppressor underlies up-regulation of PRXL2A in OSCC, and this then protects the affected tumor cells from oxidative stress resulting in a worse prognosis. Citation Format: Yi-Fen Chen, Yun-Yen Wei, Cheng-Chieh Yang, Kuo-Wei Chang, Shu-Chun Lin. The regulation of miR-125b1-peroxiredoxin like 2A anti-oxidative activity in oral squamous cell carcinoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 763.
The New Vaccination Act in Operation
Journal: BMJ (1899)

E. R. F.-The third schedule of the Vaccination Order, I898 (Instructions to Vaccinators under Contract), says: "I In all ordinary cases of primary vaccination the public vaccinator must aim at producing four separate good-sized vesicFes or groups of vesicles, not less than half an inch from one another.The total area of vesiculation resulting from the vaccina- tion should not be less than lhalf a square inch."there are therefore two aspects of recognised vaceination-the number of vesicles, and the area of vesiculation.The latter should not be less than half a square inch; the former "in ordinary cases" should be four, and these tlle public vaccinator "must aim at producing."It will rest with the inspector of vaccination to decide whether in any particular district -strong feeling against vaccination is enough to render cases "extra- ordinary," and admit of a reduction in the standard number of vesicles, and yet permit a share in the Government grant to be awarded.It is, ,however, of the greatest importance to maintain the highest efficiency and thoroughness of the operation.PUBLIC VACCINATOR'S FEES.
Tractamento de Fracturas Comminutate del Humero Distal
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
MILK SUPPLY IN NEW YORK.
Journal: JAMA (2001)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Tobacco.
Journal: JAMA (1931)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Adult Celiac Disease: Treatment with Gluten-Free Diet
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Journal's aversion to prepublication publicity silences researchers at human genetics meeting
Authors: J. Stephenson
Journal: JAMA (1995)

ONE OF the most eagerly anticipated presentations at the annual meeting of the American Society of Human Genetics (ASHG) in October never made it to the podium. The eleventh-hour withdrawal resulted from pressure by the editor of a journal, who threatened to cancel plans to publish the new findings if news accounts of the presentation by reporters covering the public meeting appeared before the journal's November 30 publication date. Officials of ASHG said that the presentation, "Isolation of the Bloom's Syndrome Gene Identifies It as a Member of the DNA/RNA Helicase Gene Family," was canceled by a team of investigators from the New York (NY) Blood Center and the University of Cincinnati (Ohio) College of Medicine after they received a fax from the publisher of<i>Cell</i>warning that prepublication publicity would jeopardize the paper's appearance in the journal. Bloom's syndrome is an extremely rare genetic disorder characterized by stunted growth;
#trial: clinical research in the age of social media
Authors: None The Lancet Oncology
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2014)

Research programmes, data analysis, and conduct of clinical trials have traditionally been the preserve of clinicians and researchers. Now, however, social media and crowdsourcing are becoming ever present and widely used. For example, Crowdsourcing Cancer Research: The Role of Quantitative Challenges was a recent topic at the American Association for Cancer Research annual meeting in San Diego on April 7, 2014. Indeed, social media is empowering patients in ways that are changing how clinical research is done, but are these changes beneficial or do they undermine integrity?
Salivary gland tumors in atomic bomb survivors, Hiroshima-Nagasaki, 1957 to 1970
Authors: J. L. Belsky
Journal: JAMA (1972)

Salivary gland tumors were found to be increased more than fivefold among survivors of the atomic bombs who had been exposed to high doses of radiation, compared with nonirradiated controls. Despite a small number of proven cases, (22 in all) this finding was determined to be highly significant for the entire group and for histologically malignant types, but not for benign tumors. This represents a new finding in the search for late sequelae of the atomic bombs. In our study the prevalence of tumors was related to younger age at exposure, but not to the interval between exposure and diagnosis. There was no clear association between amount of A-bomb radiation and cell type. The present findings are compared with other reports concerned with radiation and salivary gland neoplasia.
Studies of pancreatic carcinogenesis in different animal models.
Authors: D G Scarpelli, M S Rao, J K Reddy
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1984)

Pancreatic carcinomas can be induced in rat, guinea pig and hamster by a variety of carcinogens. The types of neoplasms which arise vary with the species of rodent. In the rat, they consist exclusively of acinar cells, in the other species the lesions are adenocarcinomas resembling those derived from pancreatic ductules and ducts, those in hamster more so than in guinea pigs. Careful sequential studies in the guinea pig and hamster suggest that acinar cells together with ductular and duct cells are involved in the genesis of duct adenocarcinomas. In each rodent model, the acinar cell appears to be quite sensitive to continued exposure to carcinogen. In each instance, acini undergo modulation, and in the guinea pig and hamster, permanent metaplastic transformation to ductlike structures. Such cells assume an enhanced capacity for cell proliferation which persists following cessation of carcinogen treatment. Other studies suggest that adult pancreatic acinar cells possess a surprising degree of plasticity. Their involvement in the pathogenesis of neoplasms resembling pancreatic ducts is not unlike other carcinogenic sequences where extensive cell modulation and metaplasia precede and are an integral part of the neoplastic transformation.
Surgical Treatment of Nonobstructive Jaundice
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Highlights
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2019)

Body Fat and Breast Cancer Risk in Postmenopausal Women 155Iyengar and colleagues performed a secondary analysis of a cohort of postmenopausal women with a normal body mass index (BMI) enrolled in the Women's Health Initiative study.Results showed that women with normal BMI could have increased levels of whole body and truncal body fat.Relatively high levels of body fat were associated with increased breast cancer risk.Pimentel et al provide an Editorial.