tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effects of Metals in in vitro Bioassays
Authors: Michael A. Sirover
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1981)

The capacity of in vitro bioassays to detect the potential carcinogenicity of metal compounds is reviewed. The in vitro bioassays discussed include: bacterial reversion analysis to determine the capacity of metal salts to revert Salmonella typhimurium histidine auxotrophs or to revert Escherichia coli WP 2 tryp- to tryptophan prototrophy; examination of the ability of metal salts to preferentially inhibit cell growth in Bacillus subtilis cells deficient in DNA repair pathways; determination of the ability of metal salts to induce resistance to base analogs in mammalian cells; the capacity of metal salts to enhance viral transformation of mammalian cells or to transform cells in the absence of virus; and the ability of metal salts to induce chromosomal aberrations in mammalian cells. Using each of these in vitro bioassays, diverse metal compounds have been identified as potential carcinogens. Furthermore, the use of different compounds of a specific metal may allow a determination of the valence which may be required for carcinogenesis.
FRAUDULENT USE OF ANOTHER'S FAME.
Journal: JAMA (1902)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Questions, questions
Authors: Trish Groves
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Questions, questionsEditors spend a lot of time debating whether the questions examined in research studies are important, interesting, new, and relevant enough to readers' practice and decision making.It's only when we're happy with a research question that we move on to look at methods and findings.Here's a question we decided to air in the BMJ: do field tests for visceral leishmaniasis (kala-azar) work well enough in endemic areas?There are half a million new cases of kala-azar a year worldwide, mostly in poor rural areas of east Africa, South Asia, and Latin America.It can be fatal if untreated, but its diagnosis by microscopy of tissue smears (aspirated from spleen, bone marrow, or lymph node) often proves too difficult and dangerous where resources are scarce.Chappuis and colleagues show in a meta-analysis that two field tests based on serology perform pretty well (p 723).But Diana Lockwood and Shyam Sundar warn that lack of commitment from industry for this neglected disease could make even these affordable tests-and further research-hard to come by (p 711).In their rapid response from Iran, Abdolvahab Alborzi and Behrooz Astaneh echo the need for more evidence and pose further questions about testing, particularly in children (bmj.bmjjournals.com/cgi/eletters/bmj.38917.503056.7Cv1).Another research question yields a less definite answer.But the question is clear, important, relevant, and timely, and that's why we have published the research (p 729).Flood and colleagues asked whether joint crisis plans-advance directives about emergency care for psychosis, agreed between a clinical team and individual patients when reasonably well-are better than general service information in cutting healthcare costs and reducing the need for coercive care and treatment.The answer, from the economic evaluation of a randomised trial, is "yes, probably."Now, does this count as a question?"This is what we intend to do; tell us how much you agree" is often asked in modern consultation exercises.Given that the consulters don't really want to know anyone's views, Jeff Aronson says responders might as well use his Likert scale: agree/agree strongly/agree very strongly/agree enthusiastically/couldn't agree more (p 737).At the BMJ we're more optimistic and still believe in two way communication, even with people in high places.To prove it, we're giving you the chance to quiz Sir Liam Donaldson, England's chief medical officer, as part of our first BMJ interview (p 722).
Seasonal Influences on Childhood Lead Exposure
Authors: Lih-Ming Yiin, George G. Rhoads, Paul J. Lioy
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2000)

We conducted a study to examine seasonal changes in residential dust lead content and its relationship to blood lead in preschool children. We collected blood and dust samples (floors, windowsills, and carpets) to assess lead exposure. The geometric mean blood lead concentrations are 10.77 and 7.66 microg/dL for the defined hot and cold periods, respectively (p &lt; 0.05). Lead loading (milligrams per square meter) is the measure derived from floor and windowsill wipe samples that is most correlated with blood lead concentration, whereas lead concentration (micrograms per gram) is the best variable derived from carpet vacuum samples. The variation of dust lead levels for these three dust variables (floor lead loading, windowsill lead loading, and carpet lead concentration) are consistent with the variation of blood lead levels, showing the highest levels in the hottest months of the year, June, July, and August. The regression analysis, including the three representative dust variables in the equations to predict blood lead concentration, suggests that the seasonality of blood lead levels in children is related to the seasonal distributions of dust lead in the home. In addition, the outdoor activity patterns indicate that children are likely to contact high leaded street dust or soil during longer outdoor play periods in summer. Consequently, our results show that children appear to receive the highest dust lead exposure indoors and outdoors during the summer, when they have the highest blood lead levels. We conclude that at least some of the seasonal variation in blood lead levels in children is probably due to increased exposure to lead in dust and soil.
CLINICAL LECTURE.
Authors: JAMES A. BACH
Journal: JAMA (1896)

<h3>Gentlemen:</h3> —Our first patient to-day is one of unusual interest. This young lady, as she tells us, about three years ago had the misfortune to receive a slight injury of her right eye, which injury was followed by deep infection, producing a plastic iridocyclitis. In due course of time the fellow eye became affected with a sympathetic inflammation, which practically amounted to an extension of the infection through the optic nerve sheaths, leading to similar results,<i>i.e.</i>, a plastic inflammation of the uveal tract with extensive adhesions. The inflammatory process in both eyes has now come to a standstill, with the result that the girl has simply a perception of light left. Covering one eye and moving this light across different parts of the visual field you will notice that she readily locates the light correctly; in other words, her light projection is good, showing that the perceptive organs are,
Do patients need to know they are terminally ill? No
Authors: L. J. Blackhall
Journal: BMJ (2013)

<b>Emily Collis</b> and <b>Katherine Sleeman</b> (doi:10.1136/bmj.f2589) say that decision making can be ethically sound only with a fully informed patient, but <b>Leslie Blackhall</b> thinks the concept of “terminal illness” is not clearly defined and that prognoses can never be certain
Non-Ionizing Radiations: Biophysical and Biological Basis, Applications, and Hazards in Medicine and Industry Course
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1987)

Journal Article Non-Ionizing Radiations: Biophysical and Biological Basis, Applications, and Hazards in Medicine and Industry Course Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 78, Issue 4, April 1987, Page 785, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/78.4.785-a Published: 01 April 1987
Nitrofurantoin pneumonia
Authors: W. G. Strauss
Journal: JAMA (1967)

NITROFURANTOIN (Furadantin) is a well-tolerated antibiotic useful in a wide variety of urinary tract infections. In the last four years, eight patients have been reported with 22 bouts of pneumonia following use of nitrofurantoin.<sup>1-6</sup>We have observed two additional patients, one with five bouts of pneumonia and one with one. This pneumonia is an unusual and peculiar one. <h3>Report of a Case</h3><h3>Case 1.—</h3> The patient is a 46-year-old woman with recurrent urinary tract infections since age 10, having had almost annual recurrence of dysuria, frequency, backache, and fever. At age 35, cystoscopy showed urethral stenosis and scarring of the bladder; retrograde pyelogram was normal. At age 39 she was treated for 18 days with nitrofurantoin. After a week's interruption, treatment was resumed because of persistent symptoms. Within 24 hours of starting treatment with 100 mg four times a day, the temperature rose to 103 F (39.4 C) with
AS OTHERS SEE US.
Journal: JAMA (1899)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
PERITONEAL RESPONSE TO INJURY— CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL ASPECTS
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
An outbreak of type 1 pneumococcal pneumonia in a men's shelter
Authors: A. DeMaria
Journal: JAMA (1980)

A striking increase in blood culture isolates of<i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i>capsular type 1 was noted at Boston City Hospital in early 1978. The increased incidence of type 1 pneumococcal bacteremia was due, at least in part, to an outbreak of disease among alcoholic, male clients of Boston's largest shelter. Residents of the shelter also were found to have a high rate of nose and throat carriage of type 1 pneumococci. This outbreak of bacteremic pneumococcal pneumonia is compared with endemic disease caused by other serotypes observed at Boston City Hospital during the same period and with previous studies of epidemic pneumococcal disease. Routine serotyping of pneumococcal isolates is important, especially in light of the emergence of pneumococci resistant to multiple antibiotics and of the renewed use of polysaccharide vaccines. (<i>JAMA</i>244:1446-1449, 1980)
Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Authors: Ann M. Romaker
Journal: JAMA (1993)

This book provides a comprehensive review of the lung in health and following acute lung injury. As in any book with multiple authors, the quality of the chapters is a bit uneven. Overall, though, it is an excellent text of pulmonary pathophysiology. The first three chapters are the weakest, as they overlap quite a bit. They are quite readable and are well written. They do look at the available literature regarding epidemiology, prognosis, and so forth, with a critical eye. In a subsequent chapter, Dansker provides an excellent description of tissue oxygen delivery in the healthy and the acutely injured lung. Johanson's discussion of infection and "Non-Bacteremic Clinical Sepsis" is excellent as well. Other topics that are covered with clarity and in depth include analyses of cardiorespiratory interactions and cardiovascular function during acute respiratory failure, the use of corticosteroids in adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and measurements of capillary wedge
COPD (confusion over proper diagnosis) in the zone of maximum uncertainty
Authors: Bartolome R. Celli
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2015)

We welcome the correspondence submitted by P.H. Quanjer and colleagues addressing the recently published American Thoracic Society (ATS)/European Respiratory Society (ERS) statement on research questions in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The issue they raise has been a matter of continuous debate in the literature, symposia, and national and international meetings. It centres on whether to use the fixed ratio of forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1)/forced vital capacity (FVC) of <0.7 or the lower limit of normal (LLN) for the diagnosis of COPD. Abnormal spirometry confirms airflow limitation but is not the only or most important characteristic of COPD <http://ow.ly/RVXxW>
Incorrect Title
Journal: JAMA (1986)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
unexpected
Authors: Li Wang
Journal: JAMA (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The dominance of scientific English. One language or two?
Authors: D. Robertson
Journal: JAMA (1983)

THE DISSEMINATION and ascendancy of the English language is surely one of the most remarkable events of modern times.<sup>1</sup>As recently as the year 1500, the language was restricted to a modest portion of the island of Britain and claimed no more than 5 million speakers.<sup>2</sup>There were larger numbers of people speaking French, German, Russian, Chinese, Japanese, Spanish, Italian, Hindi-Urdu, Quechua (Inca), and perhaps other tongues. There was certainly no reason then to have anticipated the bright future of English as a language of wider communication. Indeed, at that time, French was rapidly becoming established as the language of culture and diplomacy. The extent to which French was to develop as an international language is illustrated by the 1814-1815 Congress of Vienna, where the victorious nations conducted all proceedings in French, the language of the defeated country. It was only in the 19th century with the worldwide
Health care decision making for persons with disabilities. An alternative to guardianship
Authors: S. S. Herr
Journal: JAMA (1994)

PHYSICIANS, in their concern for informed consent, must sometimes seek substituted consent to treatment. Yet one of those means, guardianship, is a legal institution in danger of collapse. For individuals allegedly incompetent because of advanced age, mental illness, or mental retardation, guardianship is a device for obtaining substituted consent to medical treatment, managing personal property, and gaining plenary authority over virtually every aspect of financial and personal decision making. To its critics, it is a "dangerously burdened and troubled system that regularly puts elderly lives in the hands of others with little or no evidence of necessity, then fails to guard against abuse, theft, and neglect."<sup>1</sup>Guardianships can intrude on fundamental liberty and privacy rights, fail to limit the scope of the guardian's authority, deny procedural safeguards, and lack adequate monitoring and periodic review.<sup>2-4</sup> With informed consent a requirement of both the common law and the Omnibus Budget
THE CONSTRUCTION OF SCHOOL BUILDINGS.
Journal: JAMA (1891)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Sclerosing Cholangitis
Authors: MICHAEL O. BLACKSTONE
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1985)

Letters and Corrections1 October 1985Sclerosing CholangitisMICHAEL O. BLACKSTONE, M.D.MICHAEL O. BLACKSTONE, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-103-4-635_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Wee and Ludwig (1) in their study of liver histology in patients with ulcerative colitis make a distinction between large-duct and small-duct sclerosing cholangitis based on the presence or absence of cholangiographic evidence of sclerosing cholangitis. However, this distinction as it applies to their study hardly seems valid in that cholangiography was done in only 11 of the 37 patients alleged to have small-duct disease, and in at least 6 of these 11 it appears to have been intravenous cholangiography, a notoriously inaccurate means of studying the biliary system (2). Indeed, these 6 patients were later found...References1. WEELUDWIG AJ. Pericholangitis in chronic ulcerative colitis: primary sclerosing cholangitis of the small bile ducts? Ann Intern Med. 1985;102:581-7. LinkGoogle Scholar2. GOODMANANSELVENNESLASSERSILVIS MHJRS. Is intravenous cholangiography still useful? Gastroenterology. 1980;79:642-5. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. CHAPMANMARBORGHRHODES RBJ. Primary sclerosing cholangitis: a review of its clinical features, cholangiography, and hepatic histology, Gut. 1980;21:870-7. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. SCHRUMPFELGJOFAUSAGJONEKOLMANNSKOGRITLAND EKOEFS. Sclerosing cholangitis in ulcerative colitis. Scand J Gastroenterol. 1980;15:689-97. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. MISTILISSKYRINGGOULSTON SAS. Pericholangitis and ulcerative colitis: II. Clinical aspects. Ann Intern Med. 1965;63:17-26. LinkGoogle Scholar6. STAUFFERSAUERDEARINGBAGGENSTOSS MWWA. Ulcerative colitis: the spectrum of cholestatic hepatic disease. JAMA. 1965;191:829-37. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: MICHAEL O. BLACKSTONE, M.D.Affiliations: The University of Chicago Chicago, IL 60637 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 October 1985Volume 103, Issue 4Page: 635-635KeywordsBiliary systemHistologyLiverPrimary sclerosing cholangitisUlcerative colitis ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 October 1985 PDF downloadLoading ...