tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
NEW AMERICAN MEDICAL DIRECTORY
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Diagnosing obstructive airways disease from the clinical examination
Authors: H. D. Cross
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —A long-term goal and practice of mine has been to avoid wasting time in data gathering. This means choosing the most efficient, accurate, and least expensive approaches available for obtaining accurate information. The article by Drs Holleman and Simel<sup>1</sup>shows that it is possible for three of four physicians to detect airflow obstruction when a cigarette smoking history of at least 70 pack-years is combined with a skillful chest examination. Their approach is time-consuming and results in an unacceptable high error rate, an important issue recently illustrated by Leape.<sup>2</sup>The time-consuming aspect and inaccuracy were demonstrated by Schneider and Anderson.<sup>3</sup>In their study, nine physicians were given 2 hours to examine 13 patients for evidence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Some did not have enough time to complete the examination, and half the time their diagnosis was incorrect. Three peak flow measurements could have
ECTOPIA LENTIS.
Authors: FLAVEL B. TIFFANY
Journal: JAMA (1895)

In speaking of the subject of ectopia lentis before this body of oculists, it is not my purpose to review the literature upon the subject nor to discuss in particular the symptoms or treatment. Each and every one of you doubtless has met with the various forms of ectopia lentis—spontaneous, traumatic and congenital. In my practice within the last twenty years I have seen almost every form of luxation of the crystalline lens. I have seen the lens as it were a drop of oil in the anterior chamber; I have seen it extruded through the sclera lying beneath the conjunctiva; I have also seen it entirely expelled from the eye through the cornea. Only a few days ago when attempting to evert the lid of a baby with ophthalmia neonatorum, the lens popped out on the cheek through the ulcerated staphylomatous cornea. I have found the lens partially dislocated
A piece of my mind. Both sides of the story
Authors: A. Zuger
Journal: JAMA (1991)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Error in Key Points
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2019)

Ishani Ganguli, MD, MPH; Arabella L. Simpkin, MD, MMSc; Claire Lupo, BBA; Arlene Weissman, PhD; Alexander J. Mainor, JD, MPH; E. John Orav, PhD; Meredith B. Rosenthal, PhD; Carrie H. Colla, PhD; Thomas D. Sequist, MD, MPH
PROTEINS FROM PETROLEUM
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Daily rounds on inpatient oncology floor by inpatient hospitalist oncologist and length of stay.
Authors: Sabeen Fatima Mekan, Dan Loen, Martin Lesser, George Raptis, Daniel R. Budman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

e17650 Background: Hospitalist services have expanded recently resulting in improved patient care and reduced length of stay compared with traditional inpatient services. Methods: We implemented an inpatient oncology hospitalist service with consistent daily rounding by the same team on all patients on the oncology floor in July 2012 and compared the impact on inpatient length of stay (LOS), inpatient mortality, cost saving, 30 day readmission rate and patient satisfaction scores before and after. Data was collected from hospital records and patient billing information. Results: The changes had an immediate effect on LOS which reduced from 7.30 days to 6.38 days over the next 6 months and further trended down to 6.20 over the next 11 months. Total number of discharges increased from 839 from Jan-Jun 2012 to 947 in Jan-Jun 2013. Decrease in LOS occurred in almost all groups including patients with and without cancer. However, the greatest reduction occurred in patients who were admitted with primary diagnosis related to complications of their cancer from 11.2 days to 9.0 days from Jan-Jun 2012 to Jan-Jun 2013. Inpatient mortality decreased from 37 to 30 from Jan-Jun 2012 to Jan-Jun 2013 and discharges to hospice increased from 42 to 65 patients. The 30 day readmission rate increased slightly from 196 to 222 patients. The most common admission diagnoses remained relatively constant. The payer mix of the patients, administrative structure and staffing on the floor remained unchanged during this time period. Patient satisfaction measured by the overall Press-Ganey scores remained unchanged. Conclusions: Daily consistent rounding of inpatient hospitalist service had a significant positive impact on all patients especially patients admitted with oncologic diagnoses. It also resulted in decrease in inpatient mortality and increased the number of discharges to hospice without significant increase in readmission rate.
M13 bacteriophage DNA inhibits duck hepatitis B virus during acute infection
Authors: A Iizuka
Journal: Hepatology (1994)

We investigated effects of various DNAs on duck hepatitis B virus replication in vivo. One-day-old ducks were infected intravenously with DHBV. Various DNAs were then injected intravenously, and duck hepatitis B virus levels were followed for up to 20 days after the inoculation. When M13 bacteriophage DNA (M13 DNA), heat-denatured Escherichia coli DNA or ϕX 174 phage DNA was injected intravenously at a dose of 2.45 mg/kg body wt daily for 10 days, a significant decrease of serum duck hepatitis B virus DNA was detected within 10 days. The efficacy was twice that reported with antisense DNA on a weight basis and far more than that reported on a molar basis. M13 DNA was superior, on the basis of effective dose, to acyclovir as an anti-duck hepatitis B virus agent. On treatment with M13 DNA, serum 2-5 A synthetase level was increased five to six times, suggesting that the antiviral effect of M13 DNA is at least partly due to induction of endogenous interferon, which in turn induces 2-5 A synthetase. No significant inhibitory effect on replication of duck hepatitis B virus was demonstrated by DNAs obtained from herring testes, herring sperm, salmon testes, human placenta or calf thymus. On discontinuation of M13 DNA injection on day 10, duck hepatitis B virus reappeared in the serum at later time points. Digestion of M13 DNA with S1 nuclease resulted in marked reduction of antiviral activity. These results show that M13 DNA, not its digested product, has potent antiviral activity. (HEPATOLOGY 1994;19:1079–1087.)
Lines on Chart in Hospital Number
Journal: JAMA (1934)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 3324: Non-invasive detection of aberrant DNA methylation in colorectal cancer by multiplex methylation specific PCR
Authors: Lili Ye, Chunting Zheng, Yuan Jie, Bin Li, Yuan Li, Kunling Hu, Liuhong Zeng, Yuying Wang, Mao Mao, Peirong Ding, Taiping Shi, Mingzhi Ye
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, with an increasing prevalence. The 5-year relative survival rate for advanced stages is very low, with only 14% for stage IV. However, that of the early stage of CRC is about 90%. Therefore, it is important to screen CRC in the early stage. Epigenetic alterations linked to the carcinogenesis of CRC have been shown to occur earlier and more frequently than genetic alterations in CRC. Here, our study aims to develop a CRC screening methodology by applying the multiplex methylation specific PCR (MMSP) assay to detect CRC-specific methylation biomarkers, which has been pre-selected from public databases and subsequently validated in CRC samples of the Chinese population. Experimentally, cell free DNA (cfDNA) is extracted from ~4ml peripheral blood plasma. Following bisulfite conversion of the cfDNA, MMSP were applied to amplify and detect CRC-specific methylated CpG sites within the cfDNA. From the results of 28 CRCs and 52 control specimens, a sensitivity of 85.7% and the a specificity of 92.3% was achieved. Current standard and most widely used method of detecting CRC is colonoscopy screening. However, colonoscopy requires bowel preparation, and the sedation for patients is a complex and time-consuming procedure with high cost. Additionally, this invasive method also increases the possibility of infection and complications and patient compliance still largely remains a problem. Our non-invasive MMSP assay therefore provides an alternative non-invasive screening option that is cost-effective, meeting the urgent demand of early CRC detection. In addition, because colonoscopy screening currently has low adherence in Chinese population, our method holds great potential for increasing CRC screening rate in China. Citation Format: Lili Ye, Chunting Zheng, Yuan Jie, Bin Li, Yuan Li, Kunling Hu, Liuhong Zeng, Yuying Wang, Mao Mao, Peirong Ding, Taiping Shi, Mingzhi Ye. Non-invasive detection of aberrant DNA methylation in colorectal cancer by multiplex methylation specific PCR [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 3324.
StatBite Rates of Contralateral Prophylactic Mastectomy Among DCIS Patients
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2010)

Some patients with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) choose to have the contralateral, or opposite, breast removed as a preventive measure.In a study of DCIS patients, researchers led by Todd M. Tuttle, M.D., at the University of Minnesota Medical School found that the rate of contralateral prophylactic mastectomy (CPM) rose markedly between 1998 and 2005.Using data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results database, they identified 51,030 patients with DCIS.Among all treated surgically (including those who had breast conserving surgery), the CPM rate increased by 148%, and among mastectomy patients, the rate rose by 188%.The CPM rate was 4.1% for all surgically treated patients and 13.5% for mastectomy patients.
Abstract 13144: Impact of Ischemia on Left Ventricular Dyssynchrony by Phase Analysis of Gated Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography Myocardial Perfusion Imaging
Authors: Wael Aljaroudi, Jayanth Koneru, Jaekyeong Heo, Ami E Iskandrian
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background: There is increasing awareness of the value of phase analysis of gated tomographic myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) in assessing left ventricular (LV) dyssynchrony. A concern repeatedly raised in many studies is whether reversible defects in the stress images “ischemia” could affect the phase-derived standard deviation and bandwidth, the 2 commonly used dyssynchrony indices. We hypothesized that the stress and rest images should provide comparable information because the images are acquired 1 hour after the tracer injection. Methods and Results: We studied 2 groups of patients with normal LV ejection fraction and no fixed perfusion defects. In group- 1 (n=20), the patients had reversible perfusion defects involving > 10% of the LV myocardium and in group- 2 (n=20), the patients had normal images. All patients underwent stress/rest gated SPECT sestamibi imaging (the stress study was acquired with the lower dose) between January and March 2010. Patients with left bundle branch block or ventricu...
Contribution of occupational health to the solutions of environmental health problems
Authors: J. H. Sterner
Journal: JAMA (1969)

It is especially appropriate to discuss the integral relationship between occupational medicine and the variety of community environmental health problems at this Congress on Occupational Health. The contribution from industry, in terms of hazardous products and by-products, has been emphasized, and sometimes overemphasized, while the substantial contribution to the solution of environmental health problems from occupational health sources is little appreciated. Many of the people in this audience, primarily concerned with occupational health problems, were among the first to note the extension of hazard, real and potential, to an ever larger consumer public as the products of advancing technology were translated through industrial production to wider application and use. The Council on Occupational Health, during the past several decades, through a series of white papers recommended to the Board of Trustees of the American Medical Association a greater involvement of the medical profession in the broader and rapidly increasing health
The management of essential hypertension
Authors: B. W. O'Brien
Journal: JAMA (1974)

HYPERTENSIVE disease exists if an elevated blood pressure is sufficient to cause objective abnormalities, such as retinopathy, renal disorders, cardiomegaly, or electrocardiographic evidence of left ventricular strain. Hypertensive disease requires drug therapy because it carries a significant mortality. The difference in five-year survival rates between treated and untreated patients is so great that the necessity of long-term antihypertensive therapy can scarcely be questioned.<sup>1</sup> <h3>Methyldopa and Thiazides</h3> The most popular antihypertensive drug in Britain today is<i>methyldopa</i>. Although its mode of action is not entirely clear, it is a decarboxylase inhibitor and originally was thought to act at the arteriolar wall nerve endings by causing a block in norepinephrine synthesis. Alpha-methylnorepinephrine has since been said to be synthesized as a "false transmitter." Neither of these two mechanisms entirely accounts for the action of the drug. Methyldopa has the advantage over most other potent antihypertensive drugs in its ability to control
Abstract 185: Genome Editing of Isogenic Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Allows for Functional and Transcriptomic Insights Into Hereditary Dilated Cardiomyopathy Caused by Phospholamban Mutations
Authors: Delaine K Ceholski, Irene C Turnbull, Simon Koplev, Chi-Wing Kong, Francesca Stillitano, Mathieu Nonnenmacher, Kobra Haghighi, Przemyslaw A Gorski, Ninette Cohen, Fotis Kolokathis, Dimitrios T Kremastinos, Arvind Babu, Ronald A Li, Chiara Giannarelli, Ioannis Karakikes, Evangelia G Kranias, Kevin D Costa, Roger J Hajjar
Journal: Circulation Research (2017)

Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) can be caused by genetic mutations in numerous cardiac proteins, including phospholamban (PLN). PLN mutations are quite rare and obtaining patient samples for mechanistic insights can be challenging. We used genome editing with CRISPR/Cas9 to successfully insert R14del and R9C PLN mutations into a human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) line from an individual with no cardiovascular disease. HiPSC-cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) with the inserted R14del PLN mutation recapitulate the phenotype observed in patient-derived R14del hiPSC-CMs, characterized by abnormal intracellular calcium cycling and arrhythmogenicity. Insertion of R9C PLN results in hiPSC-CMs displaying an abnormal response to β-agonists, defective calcium handling, and a hypertrophic phenotype. In human engineered cardiac tissues (hECTs) created from hiPSC-CMs in a 3D matrix, R14del results in a progressive worsening of developed force and R9C PLN demonstrates an abnormal lusitropic response following β-adrenergic stimulation. Further, transcriptional profiling using RNAseq suggests a role for lipid metabolism in R14del. DNA methylation studies showed that differentially expressed genes were enriched for lipoprotein metabolism and chylomicron-mediated lipid transport pathways in R14del PLN. This was also confirmed with the observation of lipid deposition in R14del hECTs and human myocardial tissues from explanted hearts of affected patients. Furthermore, small RNAseq identified 2 miRNAs that were differentially regulated in R14del hiPSC-CMs (miR-449c-5p and miR-483-3p). For R9C PLN, RNAseq suggests that the mutation results in profibrotic signaling, activation of autophagy, and an altered metabolic state. Our findings demonstrate that gene editing of hiPSCs can be used to successfully create models and delineate molecular mechanisms of human PLN mutations associated with DCM.
Elevated Substance P Content in Induced Sputum from Patients with Asthma and Patients with Chronic Bronchitis
Authors: Masafumi Tomaki, Masakazu Ichinose, Motohiko Miura, Yoshitaka Hirayama, Hideyuki Yamauchi, Natsuko Nakajima, Kunio Shirato
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1995)

In experimental studies, tachykinins, especially substance P (SP), cause many of the pathophysiological features of neurogenic inflammation. It is unclear whether these peptides are involved in human airway inflammation in diseases such as asthma and chronic bronchitis. Toelucidate the relation between neurogenic inflammation and airway inflammatory diseases, we examined the SP concentration in sputum after hypertonic saline inhalation challenge in patients with asthma, patients with chronic bronchitis, and normal volunteers. SP concentration was measured by radioimmunoassay. The sputum SP concentration was significantly higher in patients with asthma (mean ± SEM, 17.7 ± 2.4 fmol/ml; p < 0.01) and patients with chronic bronchitis (25.6 ± 5.5 fmol/ml; p < 0.01) than in normal volunteers (1.1 ± 0.4 fmol/ml). In patients with asthma, the SP concentration was significantly related to the eosinophil cell count in induced sputum. In all subjects, the SP concentration in induced sputum correlated with FEV1/FVC. These data suggest that neurogenic inflammation may be involved in the airway inflammatory process and subsequent airway narrowing not only in asthma but also in chronic bronchitis.
Diabetes and Long-Term Survival After Acute Myocardial Infarction:
Authors: Kenneth J Mukamal, Richard W Nesto, Mylan C Cohen, James E Muller
Journal: Circulation (2001)

0027 Some, but not all, recent studies have found that diabetes is independently associated with long-term mortality following hospitalization for acute myocardial infarction. These studies have also failed to control for certain possible confounding factors, such as alcohol use, physical exertion, and socioeconomic status. In the Determinants of Myocardial Infarction Onset Study, trained interviewers performed chart reviews and face-to-face interviews with 1935 patients hospitalized with acute myocardial infarction between 1989 and 1993. We used Cox proportional hazards regression to determine the effect of diabetes on long-term survival after adjustment for sociodemographic characteristics, medical history, and acute infarct-related complications. Of the 1935 patients, 320 (17%) died during a median follow-up of 3.8 years. Diabetes was associated with higher total mortality in adjusted analyses (hazard ratio 1.6; 95% confidence interval, 1.3-2.1). The magnitude of the effect of diabetes was identical to that of a previous myocardial infarction. The effect of diabetes was not significantly modified by age, smoking, household income, use of thrombolytic therapy, type of hypoglycemic treatment, or duration of diagnosed diabetes, but the mortality risk associated with diabetes was higher among women than among men (adjusted hazard ratios 2.8 versus 1.3; p=0.02). In summary, diabetes is independently associated with increased mortality following acute myocardial infarction, particularly among women. The increase in risk is of the same magnitude as a previous myocardial infarction and provides further support for aggressive treatment of coronary risk factors among diabetic patients.