tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstracts: Part II
Authors: C Martin De Argila, D Boixeda, R Cant6n, N Valdezate, F Bermejo, J Gisbert, R Barcena, T Perez, L Moreno, A Garcia, Ahmet Aydin, Galip Ersoz, Omer Ozotemiz, Muge Tungyurek, Hanefi Qavu, A Hackeisberger, V Schultze, T G0nther1, U Platzer, E Bayerd6rffer, M Nilius, G Lilies, U Schmidt-Wittig, A Hackelsberger, R Alvarez, Martin Aller, Argila De, P Boekema1, G Pr Vanberge-Henegouwen, R Veenendaal, S Rosenstock, L Andersen, T Bonnevie
Journal: Gut (1996)

Gut 1996; 39 (Suppl 3) total of 5/305 (1.6%) were found to have seroconverted to seropositive at the follow-up sample.The table shows the results at repeated assay compared to previous results (+/-ve = positive/negative).
The plasminogen-activating system in hepatic stellate cells
Authors: H Leyland
Journal: Hepatology (1996)

Urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) generates plasmin, a process inhibited by plasminogen-activator inhibitor (PAI)-1 and localized to the cell surface by binding of uPA to a specific receptor. Plasmin degrades extracellular matrix (ECM) both directly and by activation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Because stellate cells play a central role in the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis both via production of ECM proteins and through secretion of MMPs, their contribution to plasmin generation was assessed. Stellate cells were prepared from rat liver and cultured on plastic. Northern analysis showed cellular expression of messenger RNA (mRNA) for PAI-1, uPA, and uPA receptor. Zymography/reverse zymography identified cell-surface-associated uPA activity and uPA and PAI-1 in culture media. Net uPA activity in culture media was maximal after 7 days in culture and then declined, whereas PAI-1 antigen levels remained consistently elevated between 7 and 21 days in culture. Stellate cell-mediated plasmin generation was also seen in in vitro cultures supplemented with plasminogen. Because hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) contain retinoids and release them on activation, the effect of retinoic acid on the plasminogen-activating system was also assessed. Treatment of cultured HSCs with retinoic acid (1 μmol/L) increased uPA secretion 2.6-fold but did not alter PAI-1. We conclude that stellate cells synthesize key components of the plasminogen-activating system and generate plasmin and therefore have the ability to regulate MMP activation. Upregulation of uPA synthesis by retinoic acid may have implications in matrix remodeling in sites of stellate cell activation in which high concentrations of retinoids may be achieved.
The Nutritional Origin of Cancer
Journal: JAMA (1935)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Fatal Head Trauma From Child Abuse
Journal: JAMA (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Fucosyltransferases: Differential plasma and tissue alterations in hepatocellular carcinoma and cirrhosis
Authors: W Hutchinson
Journal: Hepatology (1991)

To determine whether abnormal metabolism of l-fucose in hepatocellular carcinoma is accompanied by alterations in the activities of fucosyltransferases, the latter were determined in plasma and liver tissue of patients with this disease and in cirrhotic and normal subjects. Activities of α-2/α-3 and α-6-l -fucosyltransferases were all significantly greater in plasma from patients with hepatocellular carcinoma than in plasma from cirrhotic patients or normal subjects (p < 0.025). The activity of each enzyme was dependent, to a similar extent, on Mn2+, Mg2+ and triton X-10, irrespective of the source, and all displayed pH optimums in the range of 7.5 to 8.0. In contrast, activities of α-2/α-3 fucosyltransferases were significantly lower (p < 0.025) in homogenates prepared from tumorous liver tissue than in that prepared from nontumorous tissue from hepatocellular carcinoma and cirrhotic patients, whereas for the α-6 enzyme the situation was reversed (typically, tumor tissue levels were 5 pmol/hr/mg; in nontumor tissue they were 2 pmol/hr/mg). Activities of galactosyl and mannosyltransferase in tumor tissue were greater in all cases than in nontumor cirrhotic tissue. Plasma fucosyltransferases are specifically elevated in hepatocellular carcinoma but different mechanisms appear to underlie the changes seen for α-2/α-3 and α-6-l-fucosyltransferases. (HEPATOLOGY 1991;13:683–688.)
Dabrafenib plus trametinib versus dabrafenib monotherapy in patients with metastatic BRAF V600E/K-mutant melanoma: long-term survival and safety analysis of a phase 3 study
Authors: G.V. Long, K.T. Flaherty, D. Stroyakovskiy, H. Gogas, E. Levchenko, F. de Braud, J. Larkin, C. Garbe, T. Jouary, A. Hauschild, V. Chiarion-Sileni, C. Lebbe, M. Mandalá, M. Millward, A. Arance, I. Bondarenko, J.B.A.G. Haanen, J. Hansson, J. Utikal, V. Ferraresi, P. Mohr, V. Probachai, D. Schadendorf, P. Nathan, C. Robert, A. Ribas, M.A. Davies, S.R. Lane, J.J. Legos, B. Mookerjee, J.-J. Grob
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2019)

Ann Oncol 2017; 28(7): 1631–1639 (doi: 10.1093/annonc/mdx176) The following funding information has been added: “This work was supported in part by The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Support Grant P30 CA016672.” Dabrafenib plus trametinib versus dabrafenib monotherapy in patients with metastatic BRAF V600E/K-mutant melanoma: long-term survival and safety analysis of a phase 3 studyAnnals of OncologyVol. 28Issue 7PreviewPrevious analysis of COMBI-d (NCT01584648) demonstrated improved progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) with combination dabrafenib and trametinib versus dabrafenib monotherapy in BRAF V600E/K-mutant metastatic melanoma. This study was continued to assess 3-year landmark efficacy and safety after ≥36-month follow-up for all living patients. Full-Text PDF Open Access
Abstract P026: Effects of Weight Loss on Serum Uric Acid Concentrations
Authors: Kazuko Masuo, Gavin W Lambert
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Objective: We previously reported that serum uric acid (UA) levels might predict future BP elevation and renal complications. Obese and hypertensive individuals have frequently higher UA than lean or normotensive individuals. Furthermore, epidemiological studies demonstrated that hyperuricemia (hyperUA) is a cardiovascular risk ( i.e. coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction). The present study evaluated the effect of weight loss (WL) on serum UA levels and its mechanisms, and further compared the benefits of WL protocol on UA levels between calorie restricted diet and exercise. Methods: The 3 groups each comprised 30 obese, hypertensive men. BMI, fat-mass, waist-to-hip ratio (W/H), BP, plasma norepinephrine (NE), HOMA-IR and UA were measured every 2 weeks over 24 weeks with WL regimen. WL protocol was achieved with i) mild calorie restricted diet (1800 kcal &amp; 8-10g NaCl/day; D) alone, ii) mild exercise (&gt;1-hour walking, approximately 20,000 steps/day; EX), or iii) mild calorie restricted diet (1800 kcal &amp;8-10g NaCl/day) + mild exercise (D+EX). Results: All basal parameters and prevalence of hyperUA were similar among the 3 groups (prevalence of hyperUA at entry, D 66.7%, EX 66.7%, D+EX 70.0%). At 24 weeks, the D+EX group showed a significantly higher prevalence of normotensive subjects and subjects with normal UA levels compared to the D or EX alone group (prevalence of normal UA: D+EX 80.0%, D 63.3%, EX 53.3%, D+EX vs. D, χ 2 =8.71, P&lt;0.05, D+EX vs. EX, χ 2 =13.92, P&lt;0.05, D vs EX, χ2=4.32, P=0.057). In the D alone group, plasma NE decreased significantly at 2 weeks, and UA decreased at 4 weeks. Significant reductions in BMI, fat-mass and BP were observed at 8 weeks, and HOMA-IR decreased at 12 weeks. In the EX alone group, significant reductions of fat-mass and HOMA-IR were observed at 4 weeks. UA and NE were significantly reduced at 8 weeks whilst decreases in BP were detected at 12 weeks. BMI and W/H were similar at 8 weeks between D alone and EX alone groups. In the D+EX group, significant reductions in UA and NE were observed at 2 weeks followed by significant decreases in BMI, fat-mass, W/H, BP and HOMA-IR at 4 weeks. The magnitudes of reductions of all parameters were greatest in the D+EX group than D or EX alone groups. Reductions in UA over 24 weeks correlated positively with decreases in total fat-mass (r=0.391, P&lt;0.05) and plasma NE (r=0.301, P&lt;0.05) in all subjects. Conclusions: Serum UA levels decreased significantly in all WL regimens (D, EX, D+EX), however a mild calorie restricted diet was more beneficial treatment on serum UA reduction associated with suppression on plasma NE than exercise. Serum UA reduction with WL regimen were observed prior to significant WL or BP reduction, but synchronized with suppression on sympathetic nervous activity. In conclusion, WL is a beneficial treatment for UA reduction in obese hypertensive patients.
The USDA rolls on
Authors: P. L. White
Journal: JAMA (1971)

The US Department of Agriculture has announced approval of a fortified cake-like breakfast roll to be used in school breakfast programs and in other government-aided childfeeding programs. The regulations governing the School Breakfast and the Special Food Service Program for Children define a breakfast as follows: (1) one-half pint of fluid whole milk; (2) a one-half-cup serving of fruit or full-strength fruit or vegetable juice; ( 3 ) one slice or equivalent serving of whole-grain or enriched bread or cornbread and a variety of rolls and the like, or three-fourths cup serving of appropriate breakfast cereal, or combinations of above. A supplemental food for the Special Food Service Program for children is outlined as follows: ( 1 ) a serving of milk or full-strength fruit or vegetable juice or an equivalent quantity of fruit or vegetable; (2) a serving of whole-grain or enriched bread or cereal or an equivalent. A fortified baked product with
Abstract 2080: Novel molecularly targeted combination for renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Andre R. Jordan, Jiaojiao Wang, Luis E. Lopez, Daley S. Morera, Vinata B. Lokeshwar
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract INTRODUCTION: Despite many available treatments, &amp;gt;90% of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) patients die within 5 years. Due to its modest efficacy, Sorafenib (SF) is a second line treatment for mRCC. Molecular basis for SF failure is unknown. Hymecromone (HC) is a non−toxic orally bioavailable agent used in Europe for improving liver health. We examined the molecular basis of SF failure in clinical specimens and provided mechanistic evidence for why SF+HC could be a potent therapeutic combination against mRCC. METHODS: UGT1A9 (A9) levels and SF glucuronidation were measured in kidney specimens (45 normal; 86 tumor) by qPCR and a glucuronidation assay using tumor microsomes. Response to SF+HC combination in vector-only (EV), A9-overexpressing (A9) and A9-knockdown (A9-KO) 786-0 and Caki-1 transfectants, primary RCC spheroids, and endothelial cells was examined by proliferation, apoptosis, motility and invasion assays. Target analysis was performed by immunoblot. Treatment efficacy was evaluated in Caki−1 s.c. and orthotopic xenograft models, with bioluminescence imaging. RESULTS: A9 has been shown to glucuronidate and inactivate SF. A9 levels were 8-10-fold elevated in mRCC patients’ tumors compared to non-mRCC patients and normal kidney tissues. A9 levels were an independent predictor of metastasis (P=0.022; efficacy: 73%; sensitivity: 93.8%). Tumor microsomes from mRCC patients’ glucuronidated SF 5-fold higher than from non-mRCC patients. In RCC cells, HC treatment downregulated A9 levels, A9 promoter activity and inhibited SF-glucuronidation. SF (5 µM) and HC (20-40 µg/ml) combination inhibited RCC cell and primary tumor spheroid proliferation (&amp;gt;90%), motility/invasion (&amp;gt;80%), and induced apoptosis (5-fold). While A9 transfectants were resistant to SF+HC treatment, A9-KO cells were sensitive to SF alone. Endothelial cells co-cultured with A9 transfectants were resistant to SF+HC treatment. SF+HC upregulated apoptosis effectors, but downregulated CD44, RHAMM, and phospho-Met levels in EV but not A9 transfectants. HC (100 or 200 mg/kg) and SF (30 mg/kg) oral combination abrogated Caki−1 tumor growth (&amp;gt;80%) without serum/tissue toxicity. HC+SF treatment decreased A9 levels, Ki67 index and microvessel density. A9-overexpressing tumors were resistant to treatment. CONCLUSION: This is the first study to demonstrate that A9 overexpression in mRCC is likely a mechanism of SF failure and A9 downregulation can re-sensitize cells. HC+SF is an orally bioavailable and non-toxic combination that may be an effective therapeutic strategy for mRCC. Citation Format: Andre R. Jordan, Jiaojiao Wang, Luis E. Lopez, Daley S. Morera, Vinata B. Lokeshwar. Novel molecularly targeted combination for renal cell carcinoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 2080.
Abstract 2168: Efficient Detection of Atrial Fibrillation and Congestive Heart Failure in Single-Lead Devices
Authors: Randall Moorman, Yuping Xiao, Douglas Lake
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Patients receiving primary prevention single lead ICDs are at risk for atrial fibrillation (AF) and congestive heart failure (CHF). No such device reports AF burden, and only a single CHF measure, trans-thoracic impedance, is available. Entropy measures that count the number of matching RR intervals have promise, as AF is random (high entropy) and CHF is often marked by reduced heart rate variability (RR intervals with many matches) and ectopic beats (few matches). We designed entropy-based measures to detect AF (high entropy) and CHF (mixture of RR intervals with many and with few matches). For real-world implementation, we used only 12 RR intervals, and calculated the result every 30 minutes in 24-hour Holter monitor records from the MIT-BIH databases. The Figure shows distinction among AF, NSR and CHF records using HR and S.D. (panel A) or the new entropy-based measures. Panel A shows poor diagnostic performance of conventional measures. In Panel B, the y-axis, COSEn, is the coefficient of sample entropy. The AF records all have higher values, and the ROC area is 1.00. The x-axis is a measure of template match counts. It distinguishes between normals and CHF patients with ROC area 0.92. With only 12 RR intervals every 30 minutes, entropy calculations allow for efficient detection of AF and CHF. We propose that single lead devices can be employed as monitors in the primary prevention population, where risk of AF and CHF is high.
Effects of Electrolyte Disorders on Renal Structure and Function
Authors: William B. Schwartz, Arnold S. Relman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1967)

Effects of Sodium Depletion on Renal FunctionBy "sodium depletion" we mean loss of significant quantities of sodium from the body. This may occur through profuse sweating, through diarrhea or other modes of loss of gastrointestinal secretions or through the excretion of excessive sodium in the urine. The clinical conditions that predispose to the development of sodium depletion are too numerous and too well known to warrant discussion here. The only point that we wish to emphasize is that the circumstances surrounding the sodium loss vary greatly from one case to another. One important variable that has a major influence . . .
Immunologic Aspects of Granulomatous and Interstitial Lung Diseases
Authors: Jordan N. Fink
Journal: JAMA (1987)

ASTHMA that is mediated by IgE— mast-cell mechanisms is the most common immunologic disease. However, other inflammatory lung diseases are increasingly being recognized as having an immune basis and their pathogenetic mechanisms are beginning to be understood. The granulomatous and interstitial lung diseases are an important part of this group. <h3>HYPERSENSITIVITY PNEUMONITIS</h3> Hypersensitivity pneumonitis, or extrinsic allergic alveolitis, is an immunologic inflammatory reaction involving the lung interstitium, terminal bronchioles, and alveoli and is due to hypersensitivity to antigenic organic dusts often encountered in occupations or hobbies.<sup>1</sup>Some of the more common antigens causing this reaction are listed in Table 13-1. <h3>Prevalence and Etiology</h3> The prevalence of the disease is unknown. Farmer's lung, pigeon breeder's disease, and ventilation pneumonitis are most frequently encountered in the United States. About 8% of dairy farmers have serum precipitins to thermophilic organisms and about 4% have farmer's lung. About 6% to 15% of persons
Clinical features and outcome of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia in patients older than 9 years: A single center experience of 110 patients from AIIMS, New Delhi, India.
Authors: Sunu Lazar Cyriac, Bivas Biswas, Sameer Bakhshi, Atul Sharma, Ritu Gupta, Lalit Kumar, Rajive Kumar, Vinod Raina
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

7081 Background: It is known that T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemias (ALL) have poorer outcomes than their B cell counterparts. Data on T-ALL in the age group of &gt;9 years from India is minimal. Methods: This is a single institutional analysis of patients of above 9 years who were treated from January 2000 to December 2010. All patients who completed at least 4 weeks of induction therapy were analysed for various outcomes. Results: T-ALL formed 30% of all ALL in this age group. Of the 110 newly registered patients of T-ALL, the median age was 17 years (Range 10-50 years) with an M:F ratio of 5.9:1. Of this 62%, 30% and 18% patients belonged to 10-18, 19-30 and &gt; 31 years age group respectively. Eighteen (19%) and 2 (2%) and 33 (30%) had CSF, testicular and other extramedullary sites involvement respectively. Twenty eight per cent had a total leucocyte count (TLC) of above 100x10 9 /L. Patients available for survival analysis were 104(94.5%). Complete remission (CR)rate was 68.2% and induction mortality was 14.4%. At a median follow up of 56.4 months 5 year leukemia free survival was 52.3% (median not attained). Twenty seven (38%) patients relapsed (median relapse time of 15.2 months, range 0.7 to 47.3 months), 55% during maintenance phase. The 5 year overall survival (OS) was 46.9% (median OS of 35.4 months). The 5 year OS of 10-18, 19-30 and &gt; 31 years age groups were 42.8%, 71% and 16.6% respectively (p value not significant). Not attaining CR in 1 st induction, spontaneous tumor lysis syndrome and peripheral blood blast count of &gt; 80% were significant poor prognostic factors for survival. Conclusions: This is one of the largest study of T-ALL outcomes in patients above 9 years from a single center from India. Attainment of CR in 1 st induction was the most important risk factor for survival. 5 year OS was 47%.
Infections Caused by Dermatophytes
Authors: Jacob H. Swartz
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1962)

Side Effects of GriseofulvinThe colchicinelike effect of griseofulvin is known. Paget and Walpole3 reported that sublethal doses administered intravenously or intraperitoneally in rats arrested mitosis of rapidly dividing cells of the intestine, testes and bone marrow. Glaxo Laboratories4 thus far has not noted such effects with oral administration of doses far in excess of therapeutically effective amounts. According to MacLeod and Nelson,1 of the Department of Anatomy and the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research, the daily administration of 2 gm. of griseofulvin to normal man for periods ranging up to six months did not produce significant changes in the . . .
Reform not abolition
Authors: W. D. Riley
Journal: JAMA (1984)

AT ITS meeting in December 1983, the American Medical Association's House of Delegates endorsed a policy recommending the abolition of the special defense of insanity and providing instead that new procedures should allow acquittal only when a defendant, as a result of mental disease or defect, lacked the state of mind required as an element of the offense charged. This policy, derived principally from the writings of Professor Norval Morris, is commonly referred to as the<i>mens rea</i>limitation. It is not a new idea and, while it has been adopted by the states of Montana, Idaho, and Utah, it has been rejected by Congress,<sup>1</sup>by the American Bar Association (ABA),<sup>2</sup>by the American Psychiatric Association,<sup>3</sup>and by the National Mental Health Association.<sup>4</sup>Still, there is a certain intellectual attractiveness as well as a logical clarity to the idea, and therefore its rejection deserves and requires explanation.